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Ali H, El-Neweshy M, Al Mawly J, Heller M, Weber M, Schnee C. A molecular epidemiological investigation of contagious caprine pleuropneumonia in goats and captive Arabian sand gazelle (Gazella marica) in Oman. BMC Vet Res 2024; 20:155. [PMID: 38664764 PMCID: PMC11044429 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-024-03969-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Contagious caprine pleuropneumonia (CCPP) is a fatal WOAH-listed, respiratory disease in small ruminants with goats as primary hosts that is caused by Mycoplasma capricolum subspecies capripneumoniae (Mccp). Twelve CCPP outbreaks were investigated in 11 goat herds and a herd of captive Arabian sand gazelle (Gazella marica) in four Omani governorates by clinical pathological and molecular analysis to compare disease manifestation and Mccp genetic profiles in goats and wild ungulates. RESULTS The CCPP forms in diseased and necropsied goats varied from peracute (5.8%), acute (79.2%) and chronic (4.5%) while all of the five necropsied gazelles showed the acute form based on the clinical picture, gross and histopathological evaluation. Colonies of Mccp were recovered from cultured pleural fluid, but not from lung tissue samples of one gazelle and nine goats and all the isolates were confirmed by Mccp-specific real time PCR. Whole genome-single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) analysis was performed on the ten isolates sequenced in this study and twenty sequences retrieved from the Genbank database. The Mccp strains from Oman clustered all in phylogroup A together with strains from East Africa and one strain from Qatar. A low variability of around 125 SNPs was seen in the investigated Omani isolates from both goats and gazelles indicating mutual transmission of the pathogen between wildlife and goats. CONCLUSION Recent outbreaks of CCPP in Northern Oman are caused by Mccp strains of the East African Phylogroup A which can infect goats and captive gazelles likewise. Therefore, wild and captive ungulates should be considered as reservoirs and included in CCPP surveillance measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haytham Ali
- College of Agricultural and Marine Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Oman
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44511, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud El-Neweshy
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh, 33516, Egypt
- Central Laboratory of Animal Health, Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries and Water Resources, Muscat, Oman
| | - Julanda Al Mawly
- Central Laboratory of Animal Health, Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries and Water Resources, Muscat, Oman
| | - Martin Heller
- Institute of Molecular Pathogenesis, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Naumburger Str. 96a, 07743, Jena, Germany
| | - Michael Weber
- Institute of Molecular Pathogenesis, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Naumburger Str. 96a, 07743, Jena, Germany
| | - Christiane Schnee
- Institute of Molecular Pathogenesis, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Naumburger Str. 96a, 07743, Jena, Germany.
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Chen J, Wang S, Dong D, Zhang Z, Huang Y, Zhang Y. Isolation and Characterization of Mycoplasma ovipneumoniae Infecting Goats with Pneumonia in Anhui Province, China. Life (Basel) 2024; 14:218. [PMID: 38398727 PMCID: PMC10890177 DOI: 10.3390/life14020218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Revised: 01/28/2024] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Mycoplasma ovipneumoniae (M. ovipneumoniae) causes a fatal infection in goats, leading to significant economic losses in the small-ruminant industry worldwide. The present study aimed to characterize the strains of M. ovipneumoniae infecting goats with pneumonia in Anhui Province, China. From November 2021 to January 2023, among 20 flocks, a total of 1320 samples (600 samples of unvaccinated blood, 400 nasal swabs, 200 samples of pleural fluid, and 120 samples of lung tissue) were obtained from goats with typical signs of pneumonia, such as a low growth rate, appetite suppression, increased temperature, discharge from the nose, and a cough. Necropsied goats showed increased pleural fluid, fibrinous pleuropneumonia, and attached localized pleural adhesions. M. ovipneumoniae isolated from the samples were subjected to an indirect hemagglutination test (IHA), PCR amplicon sequencing, phylogenetic analysis, and biochemical identification tests. The overall positivity rate of M. ovipneumoniae was 27.50%. Mycoplasmas were obtained from 80 (20.0%) nasal swabs, 21 (10.5%) pleural fluid samples, and 15 (12.5%) lung samples. PCR amplicon (288 bp) sequencing identified eight strains of M. ovipneumoniae. In a phylogenetic tree, the isolated strains were homologous to the standard strain M. ovipneumoniae Y-98 and most similar to M. ovipneumoniae FJ-SM. Local strains of M. ovipneumoniae were isolated from goats in Anhui province. The identified genomic features and population structure will promote further study of M. ovipneumoniae pathogenesis and could form the basis for vaccine and therapy development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahong Chen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China;
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China; (S.W.); (Z.Z.); (Y.H.)
- Center of Agriculture Technology Cooperation and Promotion of Dingyuan County, Dingyuan 233200, China;
| | - Shijia Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China; (S.W.); (Z.Z.); (Y.H.)
| | - Dong Dong
- Center of Agriculture Technology Cooperation and Promotion of Dingyuan County, Dingyuan 233200, China;
| | - Zijun Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China; (S.W.); (Z.Z.); (Y.H.)
- Center of Agriculture Technology Cooperation and Promotion of Dingyuan County, Dingyuan 233200, China;
| | - Yafeng Huang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China; (S.W.); (Z.Z.); (Y.H.)
- Center of Agriculture Technology Cooperation and Promotion of Dingyuan County, Dingyuan 233200, China;
| | - Yong Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China;
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Borang M, Ramachandran Latha R, Mampilli P, Melepat DP, Kaithathara V. Development of loop-mediated isothermal amplification for detection of Mycoplasma ovipneumoniae in goats, Capra hircus. J Microbiol Methods 2024; 217-218:106885. [PMID: 38158081 DOI: 10.1016/j.mimet.2023.106885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Revised: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Mycoplasma ovipneumoniae is an important pathogen that causes respiratory disease in goats and sheep, leading to significant economic losses in the livestock industry. A quick and robust diagnostic test will aid in early diagnosis and treatment of the disease. Loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) offers several advantages over traditional PCR, including faster amplification, simpler operation, and lower equipment requirements, making it a promising tool for use in basic livestock units where resources and infrastructure may be limited. The present study reports on developing a LAMP assay to rapidly detect M. ovipneumoniae in goats (Capra hircus) targeting the 16S rRNA gene. LAMP was optimized to perform at 60 °C for 75 min. The result was visualized by a change in colour from deep pink to orange and further confirmed by gel electrophoresis, which gave a typical ladder-like pattern. The detection limit of the assay was as low as 0.04 ng/μl, indicating the high sensitivity of the assay. The test failed to amplify DNA isolated from healthy goat blood, Mycoplasma arginini DNA, and Staphylococcus aureus DNA. The sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of the assay were 97.73% and 94.83%, and 96.08%, respectively. The study concludes that the developed loop-mediated isothermal amplification assay is a practical and reliable tool for field-level diagnosis of M. ovipneumoniae infections in goats, with high sensitivity and specificity under resource-limited conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miti Borang
- Dept. Veterinary Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, College of veterinary and Animal Sciences, Kerala Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Pookode, Kerala, India
| | - Rathish Ramachandran Latha
- Dept. Veterinary Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, College of veterinary and Animal Sciences, Kerala Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Pookode, Kerala PIN: 673576, India.
| | - Pradeep Mampilli
- Dept. Veterinary Pathology, College of veterinary and Animal Sciences, Kerala Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Pookode, Kerala, India
| | - Deepa Padinjare Melepat
- Dept. Veterinary Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, College of veterinary and Animal Sciences, Kerala Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Pookode, Kerala, India
| | - Vijayakumar Kaithathara
- College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Mannuthy, Kerala Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Kerala, India
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Pavone S, Crotti S, D'Avino N, Gobbi P, Scoccia E, Pesca C, Gobbi M, Cambiotti V, Lepri E, Cruciani D. The role of Mycoplasma ovipneumoniae and Mycoplasma arginini in the respiratory mycoplasmosis of sheep and goats in Italy: Correlation of molecular data with histopathological features. Res Vet Sci 2023; 163:104983. [PMID: 37639802 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2023.104983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Revised: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
Mycoplasma infections are commonly found in the respiratory system of small ruminants; the species most commonly detected are Mycoplasma ovipneumoniae and Mycoplasma arginini, associated with the so-called "atypical non-progressive pneumonia". The pathogenic role of M. ovipneumoniae in pneumonia has been demonstrated in sheep but still needs to be verified in goats; on the other hand, the role of M. arginini in sheep is not well understood, while in goats seems to be of low pathogenic value. The present study aims to investigate the aetiology of pneumonia in sheep and goats that died from respiratory disease using anatomopathological, histopathological, and molecular investigations and to clarify the role of respiratory mycoplasmas by the association of molecular data with histopathological features. First, to better understand which histological changes are actually suggestive of atypical pneumonia in sheep and goats, the study identified the histological lesions significantly associated with Mycoplasma spp. infection. Then, the histological score of lesions considered suggestive of atypical pneumonia was used to estimate the pathogenicity of each mycoplasma detected. The results showed that M. ovipneumoniae and M. arginini (alone or in mixed infections) are pathogenic both in sheep, as well as in goats with similar histology and severity of lesions. Moreover, young animals were statistically more susceptible to M.ovipneumoniae and M. arginini infection than adults. Animals appeared more at risk to the development of M. ovipneumoniae and M. arginini infection in summer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Pavone
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell'Umbria e delle Marche "Togo Rosati", Via G. Salvemini 1, Perugia 06126, Italy.
| | - Silvia Crotti
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell'Umbria e delle Marche "Togo Rosati", Via G. Salvemini 1, Perugia 06126, Italy.
| | - Nicoletta D'Avino
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell'Umbria e delle Marche "Togo Rosati", Via G. Salvemini 1, Perugia 06126, Italy.
| | - Paola Gobbi
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell'Umbria e delle Marche "Togo Rosati", Via G. Salvemini 1, Perugia 06126, Italy.
| | - Eleonora Scoccia
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell'Umbria e delle Marche "Togo Rosati", Via G. Salvemini 1, Perugia 06126, Italy.
| | - Cristina Pesca
- Azienda Sanitaria Locale 1, Via XIV Settembre 79, Parco S. Margherita, Perugia 06121, Italy.
| | - Marco Gobbi
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell'Umbria e delle Marche "Togo Rosati", Via G. Salvemini 1, Perugia 06126, Italy.
| | | | - Elvio Lepri
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Perugia, Via San Costanzo 4, Perugia 06126, Italy.
| | - Deborah Cruciani
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell'Umbria e delle Marche "Togo Rosati", Via G. Salvemini 1, Perugia 06126, Italy.
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Lugonzo G, Gitao G, Bebora L, Lutta HO. Seroprevalence of Peste des Petits Ruminants and Contagious Caprine Pleuropneumonia Coinfections in Goats in Kwale County, Kenya. Vet Med Int 2023; 2023:5513916. [PMID: 37485298 PMCID: PMC10361832 DOI: 10.1155/2023/5513916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Revised: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Goats are among the most important small ruminants affected by Peste des Petits ruminants (PPR) and contagious caprine pleuropneumonia (CCPP) diseases, two of the most significant constraints worldwide to the production of small ruminant species. Herein, the competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (cELISA) and the latex agglutination test (LAT) were used to determine the coinfections of PPR and CCPP in goats in Kwale County on Kenya's South Coast. A total of 368 serum samples were collected from goats of various ages and sexes exhibiting respiratory distress in the four subcounties of Kwale County (Kinango, Lunga Lunga, Matuga, and Msambweni) and screened for PPR and CCPP antibodies. Of the 368 goats sampled, 259 (70.4%) were females and 109 (29.6%) were males, and 126 (34.2%), 71 (19.3%), 108 (29.3%), and 63 (17.1%) samples were collected from Kinango, Matuga, Lunga Lunga, and Msambweni, respectively. The overall PPR seropositivity rate was 48.6% (179/368); rates in Kinango, Lunga Lunga, Matuga, and Msambweni were 70.6%, 29.6%, 49.3%, and 36.5%, respectively. The overall CCPP seropositivity rate was 45.4% (167/368), while rates in Kinango, Lunga Lunga, Matuga, and Msambweni were 51.6%, 49.1%, 36.6%, and 36.5%, respectively. Notably, the seropositivity of PPR was higher in male (53.3%) than in female (46.72%) goats, though not statistically significant. In addition, the CCPP seropositivity rates were not significantly different between male (44.0%) and female (45.9%) goats. Regarding age, the PPR seropositivity rates were 45.9%, 55.8%, and 52.3% in adults, kids, and weaners, respectively. For CCPP, the seropositivity rates were 48.3%, 40.4%, and 42.3% in adults, kids, and weaners, respectively. The coinfection rate of PPR and CCPP was 22.3% (82/368). Despite the high coinfection, univariate analysis revealed no relationship between PPR and CCPP infections. However, given the high PPR and CCPP infection rates, as a result of separate or coinfection, there is a need to upscale or intensify vaccination in the county.
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Affiliation(s)
- George Lugonzo
- Kenya Agricultural and Livestock Research Organization, Biotechnology Research Institute, P.O. Box 14733-00800, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - George Gitao
- University of Nairobi, Department of Veterinary Pathology, Microbiology and Parasitology, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Lilly Bebora
- University of Nairobi, Department of Veterinary Pathology, Microbiology and Parasitology, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Harrison Osundwa Lutta
- Kenya Agricultural and Livestock Research Organization, Biotechnology Research Institute, P.O. Box 14733-00800, Nairobi, Kenya
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Clinicopathological and Sero-Molecular Detection of Mycoplasma capricolum subsp. capripneumoniae in Goats in Southern Areas of Pakistan. Vet Med Int 2022; 2022:9508810. [PMID: 36226029 PMCID: PMC9550474 DOI: 10.1155/2022/9508810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Revised: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Contagious caprine pleuropneumonia (CCPP) is a highly fatal infectious disease of goats, caused by Mycoplasma capricolum subsp. capripneumoniae (Mccp). This disease is causing huge economic losses to the goat industry in Pakistan. However, little is known about the epidemiology of CCPP, especially in the hard areas of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KP), Pakistan, despite having a huge population of goats. Therefore, this study aimed to elucidate sero-molecular epidemiology and pathology associated with Mccp infection in goats in southern areas of KP including Dera Ismail Khan (DI Khan), Bannu, Karak, and Kohat. A total of 200 (50 from each area) serum samples were collected from clinically infected goats, whereas 600 various samples (nasal swab n = 50, pleural fluid n = 50, lungs n = 50 at each selected area of study) were collected from live goats showing respiratory clinical signs and dead/slaughter goats having lesions in the lungs/pleura. A commercial competitive ELISA kit confirmed anti-Mccp antibodies in altogether 17% of serum samples, while area-wise seroprevalence was recorded as follows: Kohat, 28%, Bannu, 18%, DI Khan, 14%, and Karak, 8%. Moreover, a total of 5.5% of samples collected from clinically positive live and dead goats for Mccp were found by species-specific PCR, whereas area-wise molecular prevalence of Mccp was found in 3% samples from Kohat, 7.33%, Bannu, 6%, Khan, 5.33%, and Karak, 3.33%. Of 400 clinically examined goats, 242 (60%) had nasal discharge, 207 (51%) had pyrexia, 50.75% (203) had coughing, 48.25% (193) had pneumonia, 23% (92) had lacrimation, 7.75% (31) had pneumonia with lacrimation, and 10 (2.5%) showed all signs. Of the total 200 dead/slaughtered goats, pleural fluid was found in 36 goats and consolidation and red hepatization were observed in 40 and 42 goats, respectively. The present study found the presence of prevailing Mccp strain in the goat population of the study area. The highest prevalence of Mccp was found in collected samples from Kohat by PCR. The highest seroprevalence of Mccp was found in serum samples collected from Kohat by ELISA.
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Zhu Z, Qu G, Wang C, Wang L, Du J, Li Q, Shen Z, Chen X. Development of Immunochromatographic Assay for the Rapid Detection of Mycoplasma capricolum subsp. capripneumoniae Antibodies. Front Microbiol 2022; 12:743980. [PMID: 35087481 PMCID: PMC8786736 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.743980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Mycoplasma capricolum subsp. capripneumoniae (Mccp) is the cause of contagious caprine pleuropneumonia (CCPP), which is a highly significant respiratory disease in goats leading to significant economic losses in Africa and Asia. Currently available procedures for the diagnosis of CCPP have some limitations in sensitivity, specificity, operation time, requirement of sophisticated equipment or skilled personnel, and cost. In this study, we developed a rapid, sensitive, and specific colloidal gold-based immunochromatographic assay (GICA) strip for the efficient on-site detection of antibodies against Mccp in the serum within 10 min. For the preparation of this colloidal GICA strip, recombinant P20 protein, the membrane protein of Mccp, was expressed by Escherichia coli prokaryotic expression system after purification was used as the binding antigen in the test. The rabbit anti-goat immunoglobulin G labeled with the colloidal gold was used as the detection probe, whereas the goat anti-rabbit immunoglobulin G was coated on the nitrocellulose membrane as the control line. The concentration of the coating antibody was optimized, and the effectiveness of this colloidal GICA strip was evaluated. Our results proved that the detection limit of the test strip was up to 1:64 dilutions for the Mccp antibody-positive serum samples with no cross-reactivity with other pathogens commonly infecting small ruminants,including goat pox virus, peste des petits ruminants virus, foot-and-mouth disease virus type A, or other mycoplasmas. Moreover, the colloidal GICA strip was more sensitive and specific than the indirect hemagglutination assay for the detection of Mccp antibodies. The 106 clinical serum samples were detected by the colloidal GICA strip compared with the complement fixation test, demonstrating an 87.74% concordance with the complement fixation test. This novel colloidal GICA strip would be an effective tool for the cost-effective and rapid diagnosis of CCPP in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Zhu
- China Institute of Veterinary Drug Control, Beijing, China
| | - Guanggang Qu
- Shandong Binzhou Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine Academy, Binzhou, China
| | - Changjiang Wang
- Shandong Binzhou Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine Academy, Binzhou, China
| | - Lei Wang
- China Institute of Veterinary Drug Control, Beijing, China
| | - Jige Du
- China Institute of Veterinary Drug Control, Beijing, China
| | - Qianlin Li
- China Institute of Veterinary Drug Control, Beijing, China
| | - Zhiqiang Shen
- Shandong Binzhou Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine Academy, Binzhou, China
| | - Xiaoyun Chen
- China Institute of Veterinary Drug Control, Beijing, China
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Nielsen SS, Alvarez J, Bicout DJ, Calistri P, Canali E, Drewe JA, Garin-Bastuji B, Gonzales Rojas JL, Gortázar C, Herskin M, Michel V, Miranda Chueca MÁ, Padalino B, Pasquali P, Spoolder H, Ståhl K, Velarde A, Viltrop A, Winckler C, Gubbins S, Stegeman JA, Thiaucourt F, Antoniou SE, Aznar I, Papanikolaou A, Zancanaro G, Roberts HC. Assessment of the control measures for category A diseases of Animal Health Law: Contagious Caprine Pleuropneumonia. EFSA J 2022; 20:e07068. [PMID: 35106092 PMCID: PMC8787594 DOI: 10.2903/j.efsa.2022.7068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
EFSA received a mandate from the European Commission to assess the effectiveness of some of the control measures against diseases included in the Category A list according to Regulation (EU) 2016/429 on transmissible animal diseases ('Animal Health Law'). This opinion belongs to a series of opinions where these control measures will be assessed, with this opinion covering the assessment of control measures for Contagious Caprine Pleuropneumonia (CCPP). In this opinion, EFSA and the AHAW Panel of experts review the effectiveness of: (i) clinical and laboratory sampling procedures, (ii) monitoring period, (iii) the minimum radius of the protection and surveillance zones and iv) the minimum length of time the measures should be applied in these zones. The general methodology used for this series of opinions has been published elsewhere. Several scenarios for which these control measures had to be assessed were designed and agreed prior to the start of the assessment. Different clinical and laboratory sampling procedures are proposed depending on the scenarios considered. The monitoring period of 45 days was assessed as effective in affected areas where high awareness is expected, and when the index case occurs in an area where the awareness is low the monitoring period should be at least 180 days (6 months). Since transmission kernels do not exist and data to estimate transmission kernels are not available, a surveillance zone of 3 km was considered effective based on expert knowledge, while a protection zone should also be developed to include establishments adjacent to affected ones. Recommendations, provided for each of the scenarios assessed, aim to support the European Commission in the drafting of further pieces of legislation, as well as for plausible ad hoc requests in relation to CCPP.
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RATHER IZHARULHAQ, PARRAY OVEASRAFFIQ, AIN QURATUL, BHAT RIYAZAHMED, MUHEET MUHEET, WANI SHARJEEL, MUSHTAQ MOHSINA, PARRAH JALLALUDIN, MUHEE AMATUL, DHAMA KULDEEP, MALIK YASHPALSINGH, YATOO MOHDIQBAL. A mini-review on diagnosis of contagious caprine pleuropneumonia. THE INDIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCES 2021. [DOI: 10.56093/ijans.v91i9.116454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Diagnosis of contagious caprine pleuropneumonia is imperative for timely detection and devising interventions that prevent disease spread and loss to farmers. Diagnosis of contagious caprine pleuropneumonia involves clinical signs, gross morphological lesions on postmortem, histopathology, culture and isolation, hematological, biochemical, serological and molecular diagnostic tests. Culture and isolation confirms the disease however it has been costly, cumbersome and difficult owing to the requirements of specific media, slow and difficult growth of causative agent Mycoplasma capricolum subsp. capripneumoniae. With the recent developments, diagnosis has comparatively eased by novel readymade media, advanced serological latex agglutination test (LAT), competitive enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (cELISA) or gene-based amplification of DNA, viz. polymerase chain reaction (PCR), restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP), hybridization and sequencing than the cumbersome and lengthy conventional tests; however they have financial implications and require sophisticated laboratory infrastructure and technical manpower. The latex agglutination test (LAT) is rapid, simple, and better test for field and real-time diagnosis applicable to whole blood or serum and is more sensitive than the compliment fixation test (CFT) and easier than the cELISA. PCR and monoclonal antibody based ELISA being specific aid to confirmation of CCPP. Future thrust is on developing rapid, sensitive, and specific tests that are cheap and convenient for field application.
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Corrigendum to "Development and Evaluation of an Immuno-Capture Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay to Quantify the Mycoplasma capricolum subsp. Capripneumoniae (Mccp) Protein in Contagious Caprine Pleuropneumonia (CCPP) Vaccine". Vet Med Int 2021. [PMID: 33857268 DOI: 10.1155/2020/4236807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1155/2020/4236807.].
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El-Deeb W, Fayez M, Elsohaby I, Salem M, Alhaider A, Kandeel M. Investigation of acute-phase proteins and cytokines response in goats with contagious caprine pleuropneumonia with special reference to their diagnostic accuracy. PeerJ 2020; 8:e10394. [PMID: 33240679 PMCID: PMC7678458 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.10394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2020] [Accepted: 10/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute-phase proteins (APPs) have always had valued diagnostic potentialities in response to infection. This study aimed to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of selected APPs and proinflammatory cytokines (PIC) in goats with contagious caprine pleuropneumonia (CCPP) under field conditions. Moreover, to highlight the role of tested biomarkers in CCPP pathogenesis. Fifty-eight goats (38 confirmed cases with CCPP and 20 healthy controls) were involved in this investigation. C-reactive protein (CRP), procalcitonin (PCT), haptoglobin (HP), fibrinogen (Fb), serum amyloid A (SAA), selected PIC (IL1-α, IL1-β, IL-6, interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α)) levels were investigated in serum samples from all goats under investigation. Latex agglutination test was used for diagnosis of goats with CCPP. For microbiological investigations, nasopharyngeal swabs (from all goats), lung tissues and pleural fluids (from only necropsied goats) were collected. This study revealed that all tested parameters have a high to moderate degree of diagnostic performance for CCPP. Magnitudes of increase in levels of APPs (CRP, HP and SAA) were stronger than PIC, IFN-γ, Fb and PCT. All tested parameters showed high diagnostic accuracy (AUROC >90%), except HP (AUROC = 87.3%) and IFN-γ (AUROC = 78.8%) showed moderate accuracy in differentiation of goats with and without CCPP infection. For detecting goats with and without CCPP infection, HP had the lowest sensitivity (Se = 81.6%) and Fb had the lowest specificity (Sp = 85.0%) among the APPs parameters tested. However, PCT showed the highest Se (100%) and Sp (95.0%) to detect goats with and without CCPP infection among tested parameters. Conclusively, this study endorses the significance of selected APPs and PIC as additional screening diagnostic parameters for naturally occurring CCPP in goats. However, it does not replace traditional methods for diagnosis of CCPP in goats. Furthermore, APPs and PIC have an important role in disease pathogenesis in goats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wael El-Deeb
- Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Internal Medicine, Infectious Diseases and Fish Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Aldakahlia, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud Fayez
- Department of Bacteriology, Veterinary Serum and Vaccine Research Institute, Ministry of Agriculture, Cairo, Egypt.,Bacteriology, Al Ahsa Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory, Alhofof, Al-ahsa, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ibrahim Elsohaby
- Department of Animal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Sharkia, Egypt.,Department of Health Management, Atlantic Veterinary College, University of Prince Edward Island, Charlottetown, PEI, Canada
| | - Mohamed Salem
- Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Faulty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Abdulrhman Alhaider
- Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mahmoud Kandeel
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
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12
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Loire E, Ibrahim AI, Manso-Silván L, Lignereux L, Thiaucourt F. A whole-genome worldwide molecular epidemiology approach for contagious caprine pleuropneumonia. Heliyon 2020; 6:e05146. [PMID: 33083610 PMCID: PMC7550919 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e05146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2020] [Revised: 08/16/2020] [Accepted: 09/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Contagious caprine pleuropneumonia is an infectious and contagious disease affecting goats and wildlife ruminants, mostly in Africa and Asia. It is caused by a mycoplasma, Mycoplasma capricolum susbp. capripneumoniae, which is very fastidious. This may be the reason why there are few reports of its isolation and characterization. This study describes the development of a whole genome typing strategy based on sequencing reads assemblies on a reference genome (Abomsa, GenBank accession LM995445) and extraction of informative single nucleotide polymorphism. FASTA sequences inferred from the variant calling files were used to establish a comprehensive phylogenetic tree based on 2880 SNPs. This tree included a total of 34 strains originating from all the regions where CCPP has been detected, as well as strains isolated from wildlife. A recent isolate from West-Niger was positioned closely to another 1995 East-Niger isolate, an indication that CCPP may be extending westward in Africa. Six 2013 Tanzanian isolates had identical sequences in spite of diverse geographical origins. This could be explained by the clonal expansion of a virulent strain at that time in East Africa. Although all strains isolated from wildlife in the Middle East were in the same phylogenetic group, this may not sign an adaptation to new hosts. The most probable explanation for wildlife contamination remains the contact with goats. This strategy will easily accommodate new data in the near future and should become a gold-standard high-resolution typing procedure for the surveillance of contagious caprine pleuropneumonia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Etienne Loire
- CIRAD-ASTRE, Montpellier, France.,OIE/FAO World Reference Laboratory for CCPP, France.,INRA, UMR1309 ASTRE, Montpellier, France
| | | | - Lucía Manso-Silván
- CIRAD-ASTRE, Montpellier, France.,OIE/FAO World Reference Laboratory for CCPP, France.,INRA, UMR1309 ASTRE, Montpellier, France
| | - Louis Lignereux
- Research Unit for Epidemiology and Risk Analysis Applied to Veterinary Sciences (UREAR-ULiège), Centre of Fundamental and Applied Research for Animals and Health (FARAH), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium.,School of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, University of Adelaide, Roseworthy, 5371, South Australia, Australia
| | - François Thiaucourt
- CIRAD-ASTRE, Montpellier, France.,OIE/FAO World Reference Laboratory for CCPP, France.,INRA, UMR1309 ASTRE, Montpellier, France
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Namazi F, Derakhshandeh A, Hezaveh SS, Eraghi V. Detection of Mycoplasma capricolum subsp. capripneumoniae and Mannheimia haemolytica as causative agents of pleuropneumonia in goats. INFECTIO 2020. [DOI: 10.22354/in.v24i4.877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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14
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Ahmad F, Khan H, Khan FA, Carson BD, Sadique U, Ahmad I, Saeed M, Rehman FU, Rehman HU. The first isolation and molecular characterization of Mycoplasma capricolum subsp. capripneumoniae Pakistan strain: A causative agent of contagious caprine pleuropneumonia. JOURNAL OF MICROBIOLOGY, IMMUNOLOGY, AND INFECTION = WEI MIAN YU GAN RAN ZA ZHI 2020; 54:710-717. [PMID: 32601044 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmii.2020.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2020] [Revised: 05/17/2020] [Accepted: 06/02/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Mycoplasma capricolum subsp. capripneumoniae (Mccp) causes a severe, usually fatal disease in goats known as Contagious Caprine Pleuropneumonia (CCPP). CCPP is listed by OIE as a notifiable animal diseases, causing economic losses in terms of high morbidity and mortality. Thus far, very limited information is available on the molecular characterization of the unique Mccp strains prevalent in Pakistan. The study was aimed to isolate Mccp local strain for the development of diagnostics and vaccines. METHODS Samples were collected during November 2017-December 2018 at Northern areas of Pakistan from 10 goat flocks each in Gilgit-Baltistan, Chitral, Swat, Buner, and Hazara. 900 samples were collected; nasal swabs (n = 400), tracheal swabs (n = 150) from naturally infected goats showing clinical signs of CCPP, and lungs tissue (n = 200), pleural fluid (n = 150) from goats at necropsy. RESULTS The clinical signs recorded were mucopurulent nasal discharges, cough, abdominal respiration and hyperthermia. The post-mortem revealed, pulmonary consolidation, fibrinous pleuropneumonia, and accumulation pleural fluid. The fried egg like growth was observed on agar in 16 (4%), 11 (7.3%), 38 (19%), and 24 (16%) nasal swab, tracheal swabs, lungs and pleural fluid samples, respectively. PCR targeting 16S rRNA gene revealed isolates, belongs to Mycoplasma mycoides cluster, in 72 (8%) samples. Forty one (4.5%) isolates were Mccp by specie specific PCR generating an amplicon of 316 bp. CONCLUSIONS We successfully isolated local strain of Mccp for the first time in Pakistan. This Mccp strain could be further utilized for the development of diagnostics and control measures against Mccp infection in goats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faisal Ahmad
- College of Veterinary Sciences, Department of Animal Health, Faculty of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Sciences, The University of Agriculture, Peshawar, 25120, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan; Directorate of Livestock and Dairy Development (Extension), Peshawar, 25000, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Hayatullah Khan
- College of Veterinary Sciences, Department of Animal Health, Faculty of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Sciences, The University of Agriculture, Peshawar, 25120, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan; Directorate of Livestock and Dairy Development (Research), Peshawar, 25000, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Farhan Anwar Khan
- College of Veterinary Sciences, Department of Animal Health, Faculty of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Sciences, The University of Agriculture, Peshawar, 25120, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan.
| | - Bryan D Carson
- Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, 87123, USA
| | - Umar Sadique
- College of Veterinary Sciences, Department of Animal Health, Faculty of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Sciences, The University of Agriculture, Peshawar, 25120, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Ijaz Ahmad
- College of Veterinary Sciences, Department of Animal Health, Faculty of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Sciences, The University of Agriculture, Peshawar, 25120, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Saeed
- College of Veterinary Sciences, Department of Animal Health, Faculty of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Sciences, The University of Agriculture, Peshawar, 25120, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Faiz Ur Rehman
- College of Veterinary Sciences, Department of Animal Health, Faculty of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Sciences, The University of Agriculture, Peshawar, 25120, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Hanif Ur Rehman
- College of Veterinary Sciences, Department of Animal Health, Faculty of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Sciences, The University of Agriculture, Peshawar, 25120, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan; Directorate of Livestock and Dairy Development (Research), Peshawar, 25000, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
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15
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Interleukin-17 mediates lung injury by promoting neutrophil accumulation during the development of contagious caprine pleuropneumonia. Vet Microbiol 2020; 243:108651. [PMID: 32273025 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2020.108651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2019] [Revised: 03/05/2020] [Accepted: 03/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Contagious caprine pleuropneumonia (CCPP) is a highly contagious infectious disease of goats caused by Mycoplasma capricolum subspecies capripneumoniae (Mccp). CCPP outbreaks usually result in high morbidity and mortality of the affected goats, making this disease a major cause of economic losses to goat producers globally. However, the pathogenesis of CCPP remains unclear. Here, we show that IL-17-driven neutrophil accumulation is involved in the lung damage in CCPP goats. During CCPP development, intense inflammatory infiltrates could be observed in the injured lungs. Specifically, neutrophils were observed to be present within the alveoli. Increased IL-17 release drove the excessive influx of neutrophils into the lung, as IL-17 effectively stimulated the production of neutrophil chemoattractants from lung epithelial cells following Mccp infection. Our data highlight a critical role of IL-17-driven neutrophil accumulation in the pathogenesis of CCPP and suggest that IL-17 may potentially be a useful immunotherapeutic target for the treatment of CCPP.
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16
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The first identification of contagious caprine pleuropneumonia (CCPP) in sheep and goats in Egypt: molecular and pathological characterization. Trop Anim Health Prod 2019; 52:1179-1186. [PMID: 31705356 DOI: 10.1007/s11250-019-02116-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2019] [Accepted: 10/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Contagious caprine pleuropneumonia (CCPP) is one of the most fatal and contagious diseases of goats. To date, the occurrence of CCPP in Egypt has not been reported. During the period from 2017 to 2018, 200 goats and 400 sheep from Matrouh Governorate (Al Alamein and El Hammam cities) were suspected to have CCPP; animals were examined to confirm the presence of CCPP infection as well as the epidemiological status, clinical features, and molecular and histopathologic characteristics of lung tissues. Additionally, a treatment trial was performed to assess the efficacy of anti-mycoplasma therapy in the treatment of clinical cases of this disease. The occurrence of CCPP was 32.5% and 5% in goats and sheep, respectively, while case fatality was 30% and 8% in goats and sheep, respectively. The clinical forms of CCPP in both sheep and goats varied from per-acute to acute or chronic cases. Histopathological analysis of lung tissues from dead cases (either sheep or goats) revealed different stages of broncho- and pleuropneumonia ranging from per-acute to acute or chronic stages. Lung tissues showed severe congestion of interalveolar capillaries, flooding of alveoli and bronchi with a fibrinous exudate, a high degree of pleural thickening, and multifocal areas of necrosis that were sometimes sequestered in the fibrous capsule. Isolation of Mycoplasma capricolum subspecies capripneumoniae (Mccp) was confirmed in all dead cases by agar and broth culture methods and polymerase chain reaction. The treatment trial revealed that the marbofloxacin and spiramycin groups had a higher cure rate (70%) than the oxytetracycline group (40%) and a lower fatality rate (30%) than the oxytetracycline group (60%). Conclusively, infection with CCPP in goats and sheep is considered to be novel for Mccp in Egypt, where this species is considered to be the main pathogen in goats, not in sheep. Additionally, it could be concluded that treatment may be effective only if given early. Further comprehensive surveys are required to investigate the risk of CCPP in goats and sheep in all Egyptian governorates.
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Yatoo MI, Parray OR, Bhat RA, Nazir QU, Haq AU, Malik HU, Fazilli MUR, Gopalakrishnan A, Bashir ST, Tiwari R, Khurana SK, Chaicumpa W, Dhama K. Novel Candidates for Vaccine Development Against Mycoplasma Capricolum Subspecies Capripneumoniae (Mccp)-Current Knowledge and Future Prospects. Vaccines (Basel) 2019; 7:E71. [PMID: 31340571 PMCID: PMC6789616 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines7030071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2019] [Revised: 07/05/2019] [Accepted: 07/12/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Exploration of novel candidates for vaccine development against Mycoplasma capricolum subspecies capripneumoniae (Mccp), the causative agent of contagious caprine pleuropneumonia (CCPP), has recently gained immense importance due to both the increased number of outbreaks and the alarming risk of transboundary spread of disease. Treatment by antibiotics as the only therapeutic strategy is not a viable option due to pathogen persistence, economic issues, and concerns of antibiotic resistance. Therefore, prophylactics or vaccines are becoming important under the current scenario. For quite some time inactivated, killed, or attenuated vaccines proved to be beneficial and provided good immunity up to a year. However, their adverse effects and requirement for larger doses led to the need for production of large quantities of Mccp. This is challenging because the required culture medium is costly and Mycoplasma growth is fastidious and slow. Furthermore, quality control is always an issue with such vaccines. Currently, novel candidate antigens including capsular polysaccharides (CPS), proteins, enzymes, and genes are being evaluated for potential use as vaccines. These have shown potential immunogenicity with promising results in eliciting protective immune responses. Being easy to produce, specific, effective and free from side effects, these novel vaccine candidates can revolutionize vaccination against CCPP. Use of novel proteomic approaches, including sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE), two-dimensional gel electrophoresis, immunoblotting, matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-time-of-flight (MALDI-TOF) mass spectrometry, tandem mass spectroscopy, fast protein liquid chromatography (FPLC), bioinformatics, computerized simulation and genomic approaches, including multilocus sequence analysis, next-generation sequencing, basic local alignment search tool (BLAST), gene expression, and recombinant expression, will further enable recognition of ideal antigenic proteins and virulence genes with vaccination potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohd Iqbal Yatoo
- Mycoplasma Laboratory, Division of Veterinary Clinical Complex, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences and Animal Husbandry, Jammu and Kashmir, Srinagar 190006, India.
| | - Oveas Raffiq Parray
- Mycoplasma Laboratory, Division of Veterinary Clinical Complex, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences and Animal Husbandry, Jammu and Kashmir, Srinagar 190006, India
| | - Riyaz Ahmed Bhat
- Mycoplasma Laboratory, Division of Veterinary Clinical Complex, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences and Animal Husbandry, Jammu and Kashmir, Srinagar 190006, India
| | - Qurat Un Nazir
- Mycoplasma Laboratory, Division of Veterinary Clinical Complex, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences and Animal Husbandry, Jammu and Kashmir, Srinagar 190006, India
| | - Abrar Ul Haq
- Mycoplasma Laboratory, Division of Veterinary Clinical Complex, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences and Animal Husbandry, Jammu and Kashmir, Srinagar 190006, India
| | - Hamid Ullah Malik
- Mycoplasma Laboratory, Division of Veterinary Clinical Complex, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences and Animal Husbandry, Jammu and Kashmir, Srinagar 190006, India
| | - Mujeeb Ur Rehman Fazilli
- Mycoplasma Laboratory, Division of Veterinary Clinical Complex, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences and Animal Husbandry, Jammu and Kashmir, Srinagar 190006, India
| | - Arumugam Gopalakrishnan
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, Madras Veterinary College, Tamilnadu Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Vepery 600007, India
| | - Shah Tauseef Bashir
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Ruchi Tiwari
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Immunology, College of Veterinary Sciences, Deen Dayal Upadhayay Pashu Chikitsa Vigyan Vishwavidyalay Evum Go-Anusandhan Sansthan (DUVASU), Mathura 281001, India
| | - Sandip Kumar Khurana
- ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Buffaloes, Sirsa Road, Hisar 125001, India
| | - Wanpen Chaicumpa
- Center of Research Excellence on Therapeutic Proteins and Antibody Engineering, Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand
| | - Kuldeep Dhama
- Division of Pathology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly 243122, India.
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Seroprevalence and Risk Factors Associated with Contagious Caprine Pleuropneumonia in Western Amhara, Northwest Ethiopia. J Vet Med 2019; 2019:9878365. [PMID: 31355295 PMCID: PMC6636563 DOI: 10.1155/2019/9878365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2019] [Revised: 05/04/2019] [Accepted: 06/17/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Contagious caprine pleuropneumonia (CCPP) has been identified as a significant problem in goat production, especially in the arid and semiarid lowland areas of Ethiopia. Even though CCPP was reported in most of the goat rearing areas of the country, there is no adequate information on the disease in the Amhara Region. Cross-sectional study was conducted from November 2016 to April 2017 in the districts of Western Amhara to estimate the seroprevalence and identify the associated risk factors for occurrence of the CCPP. The risk factors considered included age, sex, agroclimate, and districts. A competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (cELISA) was carried out on a total of 400 goat sera samples, out of which 34 samples were found seropositive for specific antibodies against CCPP, with the overall seroprevalence of 8.5% (95% confidence interval (CI) =5.8, 11.2). Among the epidemiological factors considered, age and sex of the goats were not significantly associated with CCPP seroprevalence (p>0.05). However, the seropositivity was slightly higher in adults (9.9%) and female goats (9.0%) compared to young (6.3%) and male (7.5%) goats, respectively. The analysis of seroprevalence by district shows that the seroprevalence of CCPP in Metema (OR=14.34; 95%CI= 1.80, 114.09; p=0.012) and Fogera (OR=9.99; 95%CI= 1.10, 91.16; p= 0.041) was significantly higher compared to other study districts. Multivariable logistic regression analysis also identified the district as a risk factor for the occurrence of a high seroprevalence of CCPP. The present study revealed the seroprevalence and the distribution of CCPP in Western Amhara districts, and hence appropriate control measures including regular investigation and vaccination should be implemented to alleviate the problem.
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Li Y, Wang R, Sun W, Song Z, Bai F, Zheng H, Xin J. Comparative genomics analysis of Mycoplasma capricolum subsp. capripneumoniae 87001. Genomics 2019; 112:615-620. [PMID: 31071461 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygeno.2019.04.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2019] [Accepted: 04/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Mycoplasma capricolum subsp. capripneumoniae (Mccp), belongs to Mycoplasma mycoides cluster and is a causal pathogen of contagious caprine pleuropneumonia (CCPP). This paper presents the complete annotated genome sequence of Mccp Strain 87001-a strain that was isolated from pneumonia affected goats on a farm in China, and comparative genomics analysis of five Mccp genomes in addition to comparative genomics within Mycoplasma mycoides cluster. The Mccp strain 87001 genome consists of a single circular chromosome 1017333 bp in length and encodes 898 open reading frames (orfs) averaging 944 bp in length. Fifty eight potential virulence genes were identified, including variable surface lipoproteins, hemolysin A, and P60 surface lipoprotein. Comparative genomic analysis revealed eight virulence genes and four extracellular genes which remained unchanged in five Mccp genomes for forty years, which can be used as potential target for drug development and vaccine design. We revealed 183 Mccp unique genes as markers to distinguish Mccp with other mycoplasma strains from goats, and different virulence factors contributing to host specificity and different syndrome of bovine pathogens and caprine pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Li
- National Contagious Bovine Pleuropneumonia Reference Laboratory, Division of Bacterial Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, CAAS, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Rui Wang
- Shanghai-MOST Key Laboratory of Health and Disease Genomics, Chinese National Human Genome Center at Shanghai, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenjing Sun
- National Contagious Bovine Pleuropneumonia Reference Laboratory, Division of Bacterial Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, CAAS, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Zhiqiang Song
- National Contagious Bovine Pleuropneumonia Reference Laboratory, Division of Bacterial Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, CAAS, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Fan Bai
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Huajun Zheng
- Shanghai-MOST Key Laboratory of Health and Disease Genomics, Chinese National Human Genome Center at Shanghai, Shanghai, China.
| | - Jiuqing Xin
- National Contagious Bovine Pleuropneumonia Reference Laboratory, Division of Bacterial Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, CAAS, Harbin 150001, China.
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Iqbal Yatoo M, Raffiq Parray O, Tauseef Bashir S, Ahmed Bhat R, Gopalakrishnan A, Karthik K, Dhama K, Vir Singh S. Contagious caprine pleuropneumonia - a comprehensive review. Vet Q 2019; 39:1-25. [PMID: 30929577 PMCID: PMC6830973 DOI: 10.1080/01652176.2019.1580826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Contagious caprine pleuropneumonia (CCPP) is a serious disease of goats, occasionally sheep and wild ruminants, caused by Mycoplasma capricolum subspecies capripneumoniae (Mccp). The disease is characterized by severe serofibrinous pleuropneumonia, very high morbidity (∼100%), and mortality (80–100%). CCPP affects goats in more than 40 countries of the world thereby posing a serious threat to goat farming around the globe. The characteristic clinical signs of CCPP are severe respiratory distress associated with sero-mucoid nasal discharge, coughing, dyspnea, pyrexia, pleurodynia, and general malaise. In later stages, severe lobar fibrinous pleuropneumonia, profuse fluid accumulation in pleural cavity, severe congestion of lungs and adhesion formation is observed. Mycoplasmal antigen interactions with host immune system and its role in CCPP pathogenesis are not clearly understood. CCPP is not a zoonotic disease. Diagnosis has overcome cumbersome and lengthy conventional tests involving culture, isolation, and identification by advanced serological (LAT, cELISA) or gene-based amplification of DNA (PCR, RFLP, and hybridization) and sequencing. The latex agglutination test (LAT) is rapid, simple, and better test for field and real-time diagnosis applicable to whole blood or serum and is more sensitive than the CFT and easier than the cELISA. Moreover, the studies on antibiotic sensitivity and exploration of novel antibiotics (fluoroquinolones, macrolides) can help in better therapeutic management besides preventing menace of antibiotic resistance. Re-visiting conventional prophylactic measures focussing on developing novel strain-based or recombinant vaccines using specific antigens (capsular or cellular) should be the most important strategy for controlling the disease worldwide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohd Iqbal Yatoo
- a Mycoplasma Laboratory, Division of Veterinary Clinical Complex Faculty of Veterinary Sciences and Animal Husbandry , Shuhama , Srinagar , India
| | - Oveas Raffiq Parray
- a Mycoplasma Laboratory, Division of Veterinary Clinical Complex Faculty of Veterinary Sciences and Animal Husbandry , Shuhama , Srinagar , India
| | - Shah Tauseef Bashir
- b Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology , University of Illinois , Urbana-Champaign , IL , USA
| | - Riyaz Ahmed Bhat
- a Mycoplasma Laboratory, Division of Veterinary Clinical Complex Faculty of Veterinary Sciences and Animal Husbandry , Shuhama , Srinagar , India
| | - Arumugam Gopalakrishnan
- c Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine , Madras Veterinary College Tamil Nadu Veterinary and Animal Sciences University , Chennai , India
| | - Kumaragurubaran Karthik
- d Central University Laboratory, Tamil Nadu Veterinary and Animal Sciences University , Chennai , India
| | - Kuldeep Dhama
- e Division of Pathology , ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute , Izatnagar , Bareilly , India
| | - Shoor Vir Singh
- f Animal Health Division , Central Institute for Research on Goats (CIRG) , Mathura , India
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21
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Teshome D, Sori T, Sacchini F, Wieland B. Epidemiological investigations of contagious caprine pleuropneumonia in selected districts of Borana zone, Southern Oromia, Ethiopia. Trop Anim Health Prod 2019; 51:703-711. [PMID: 30397847 PMCID: PMC6513795 DOI: 10.1007/s11250-018-1744-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2018] [Accepted: 10/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
From November 2016 to April 2017, a cross-sectional study to determine the sero-prevalence of contagious caprine pleuropneumonia (CCPP) and to investigate its epidemiology was conducted in selected districts of Borana zone in Ethiopia. In addition, the study aimed at identifying Mccp antigens using species specific primer of PCR. A multistage random sampling was implemented to select districts, pastoral associations (villages), and households. A total of 890 serum samples of small ruminants that had not been vaccinated (goats n = 789 and sheep n = 101) were collected and screened for the presence of antibodies against Mycoplasma capricolum subspecies capripneumoniae using a competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Lung tissues and pleural fluid samples were collected from 3 sero-positive and clinically suspected goats for isolation of Mycoplasma capricolum subspecies capripneumoniae. Serology showed that overall 31.2% (246/789) of goats and 12.9% (13/101) of sheep were positive with statistically significant differences between districts (p = 0.001). Multivariable logistic regression analysis revealed that goats from Moyale and Yabello districts had higher odds of being positive than goats from Elwoya district with odd ratios of 2.05 and 1.61, respectively. Age of goats was also significantly associated with sero-positivity (OR = 1.47; CI 95% 1.2-1.8). Mycoplasma capricolum subspecies capripneumoniae was identified in 6 (75%) of the tissue samples using species-specific primer of PCR. Besides improving the understanding of the epidemiology of CCPP in the selected districts and demonstrating its wide distribution, the study highly also provides evidence of the possible role of sheep in the maintenance of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dereje Teshome
- Yabello Pastoral and Dryland Agriculture Research Center, P.O. Box 85, Yabello, Ethiopia.
| | - Teshale Sori
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Agriculture, Addis Ababa University, P.O. Box 34, Bishoftu, Ethiopia
| | - Flavio Sacchini
- OIE Reference Laboratory for Contagious Bovine Pleuropneumonia, Instituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale of Abruzzo and Molise, via Campo Boario, 64100, Teramo, Italy
| | - Barbara Wieland
- International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI), P.O. Box 5689, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
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22
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More S, Bøtner A, Butterworth A, Calistri P, Depner K, Edwards S, Garin-Bastuji B, Good M, Gortázar Schmidt C, Michel V, Miranda MA, Nielsen SS, Raj M, Sihvonen L, Spoolder H, Stegeman JA, Thulke HH, Velarde A, Willeberg P, Winckler C, Baldinelli F, Broglia A, Candiani D, Beltrán-Beck B, Kohnle L, Bicout D. Assessment of listing and categorisation of animal diseases within the framework of the Animal Health Law (Regulation (EU) No 2016/429): contagious caprine pleuropneumonia. EFSA J 2017; 15:e04996. [PMID: 32625293 PMCID: PMC7009925 DOI: 10.2903/j.efsa.2017.4996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Contagious caprine pleuropneumonia has been assessed according to the criteria of the Animal Health Law (AHL), in particular criteria of Article 7 on disease profile and impacts, Article 5 on the eligibility of contagious caprine pleuropneumonia to be listed, Article 9 for the categorisation of contagious caprine pleuropneumonia according to disease prevention and control rules as in Annex IV and Article 8 on the list of animal species related to contagious caprine pleuropneumonia. The assessment has been performed following a methodology composed of information collection and compilation, expert judgement on each criterion at individual and, if no consensus was reached before, also at collective level. The output is composed of the categorical answer, and for the questions where no consensus was reached, the different supporting views are reported. Details on the methodology used for this assessment are explained in a separate opinion. According to the assessment performed, contagious caprine pleuropneumonia can be considered eligible to be listed for Union intervention as laid down in Article 5(3) of the AHL. The disease would comply with the criteria as in Sections 4 and 5 of Annex IV of the AHL, for the application of the disease prevention and control rules referred to in points (d) and (e) of Article 9(1). The assessment here performed on compliance with the criteria as in Section 1 of Annex IV referred to in point (a) of Article 9(1) is inconclusive. The animal species to be listed for contagious caprine pleuropneumonia according to Article 8(3) criteria are goats and other species of the family Bovidae as susceptible.
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Bahir W, Omar O, Rosales RS, Hlusek M, Ziay G, Schauwers W, Whatmore AM, Nicholas RAJ. Search for OIE-listed ruminant mycoplasma diseases in Afghanistan. BMC Vet Res 2017; 13:149. [PMID: 28558768 PMCID: PMC5450338 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-017-1067-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2016] [Accepted: 05/22/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Little is known about the occurrence of important diseases of ruminants in Afghanistan because of the conflict affecting the country over the last 40 years. To address this discrepancy, ruminant herds in Afghanistan were screened for OIE-listed mycoplasma diseases, contagious bovine (CBPP) and caprine pleuropneumonias (CCPP). RESULTS Of the 825 samples from 24 provinces tested for serological evidence of CBPP caused by Mycoplasma mycoides subsp.mycoides, 20 (3.4%) had ELISA values greater than the positive threshold of 50% though all were less than 55%. Repeat testing of these suspect sera gave values below 50. A smaller number of sera (330) from cattle in nine provinces were also tested by the rapid latex agglutination test (LAT) for CBPP, 10 of which were considered suspect. However, no positive bands were seen when immunoblotting was carried out on all sera that gave suspect results. Serological evidence of Mycoplasma bovis was detected in half of 28 herds in eight provinces. The cause of CCPP, M. capricolum subsp. capripneumoniae was not detected in any of the 107 nasal swabs and lung tissue collected from goats in seven provinces though sample handling and storage were not optimal. However, strong serological evidence was detected in goat herds in several villages near Kabul some of which were over 50% seropositive by LAT and ELISAs for CCPP; immunoblotting confirmed positive results on a selection of these sera. CONCLUSIONS The data presented here provide a first assessment of the occurrence of the two OIE listed mycoplasma diseases in Afghanistan. From the results of the testing bovine sera from the majority of provinces there is no evidence of the presence of CBPP in Afghanistan. However the samples tested represented only 0.03% of the cattle population so a larger survey is required to confirm these findings. Serological, but not bacterial, evidence was produced during this investigation to show that CCPP is highly likely to be present in parts of Afghanistan.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Bahir
- Central Veterinary and Diagnostic Research Laboratories, Kabul, Afghanistan
| | - O Omar
- Central Veterinary and Diagnostic Research Laboratories, Kabul, Afghanistan
| | - R S Rosales
- Animal and Plant Health Agency, Woodham Lane, Addlestone, Surrey, KT15 3NB, UK
| | - M Hlusek
- Animal and Plant Health Agency, Woodham Lane, Addlestone, Surrey, KT15 3NB, UK
| | - G Ziay
- Central Veterinary and Diagnostic Research Laboratories, Kabul, Afghanistan
| | - W Schauwers
- Landell Mills, Trowbridge, Wilts, BA14 8HE, UK
| | - A M Whatmore
- Animal and Plant Health Agency, Woodham Lane, Addlestone, Surrey, KT15 3NB, UK
| | - R A J Nicholas
- Consultant, The Oaks, Nutshell Lane, Farnham, Surrey, GU9 0HG, UK.
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Kipronoh K, Ombui J, Binepal Y, Wesonga H, Gitonga E, Thuranira E, Kiara H. Risk factors associated with contagious caprine pleuro-pneumonia in goats in pastoral areas in the Rift Valley region of Kenya. Prev Vet Med 2016; 132:107-112. [DOI: 10.1016/j.prevetmed.2016.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2015] [Revised: 08/31/2016] [Accepted: 08/31/2016] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Asmare K, Abayneh T, Mekuria S, Ayelet G, Sibhat B, Skjerve E, Szonyi B, Wieland B. A meta-analysis of contagious caprine pleuropneumonia (CCPP) in Ethiopia. Acta Trop 2016; 158:231-239. [PMID: 26943994 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2016.02.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2016] [Revised: 02/22/2016] [Accepted: 02/27/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
This systematic literature review was initiated due to lack of comprehensive information on the status and distribution of contagious caprine pleuropneumonia (CCPP) in Ethiopia. The objectives of the review were thus to provide a pooled prevalence estimate of CCPP in the country and asses the level of in between study variance among the available reports. Manual and electronic search was conducted between 8th of January and 25th of June 2015. A total of twelve published articles and one MSc thesis was retrieved from 19 initially identified studies. Twenty five animal level datasets were extracted at regional level considering some hypothesized predictors. The retrieved data were summarized in a meta-analytical approach. Accordingly, the pooled prevalence estimate of CCPP was 25.7% (95% CI:20.9,31.0). The inverse variance square (I(2)) that explains the variation in effect size attributed to reports true heterogeneity was 95.7%.The sub-group analysis was also computed for assumed predictors including, age, sex, type of study population, production systems and regional states. Among these predictors, study population type revealed statistically significant difference (P<0.05). Accordingly, the prevalence estimate for samples collected at abattoir was 39.2%, while that of samples collected at field level was 22.4%. In the final model, type of study population fitted the multivariable meta-regression model accounting for 22.87% of the explainable proportion of heterogeneity among the presumed predictors. Evidence on isolation and confirmation of Mycoplasma capricolum subspp. capripneumonie in the country was obtained from five regional states. In conclusion, it is recommended to further investigate facilities related with transportation and collection premises along with potential role of sheep in the epidemiology of CCPP. Finally, the review emphasizes the need for monitoring the ongoing CCPP control intervention and introduces amendments based on the findings. Besides more surveys are needed in some of the regions where no or few valid data was available.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kassahun Asmare
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Hawassa University, P.O. Box 005, Hawassa, Ethiopia.
| | - Takele Abayneh
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Agriculture, Addis Ababa University, P.O. Box 34, Debre Zeit, Ethiopia
| | - Solomon Mekuria
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Hawassa University, P.O. Box 005, Hawassa, Ethiopia
| | - Gelagay Ayelet
- National Veterinary Institute, P.O. Box 19, Debre Zeit, Ethiopia
| | - Berhanu Sibhat
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Haramaya University, P.O. Box 138, Dire Dawa, Ethiopia
| | - Eystein Skjerve
- Norwegian University of life Sciences, P.O. Box 8146 Dep., N-0033 Oslo, Norway
| | - Barbara Szonyi
- International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI), P.O. Box 5689, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Barbara Wieland
- International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI), P.O. Box 5689, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
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Settypalli TBK, Lamien CE, Spergser J, Lelenta M, Wade A, Gelaye E, Loitsch A, Minoungou G, Thiaucourt F, Diallo A. One-Step Multiplex RT-qPCR Assay for the Detection of Peste des petits ruminants virus, Capripoxvirus, Pasteurella multocida and Mycoplasma capricolum subspecies (ssp.) capripneumoniae. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0153688. [PMID: 27123588 PMCID: PMC4849753 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0153688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2015] [Accepted: 04/03/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Respiratory infections, although showing common clinical symptoms like pneumonia, are caused by bacterial, viral or parasitic agents. These are often reported in sheep and goats populations and cause huge economic losses to the animal owners in developing countries. Detection of these diseases is routinely done using ELISA or microbiological methods which are being reinforced or replaced by molecular based detection methods including multiplex assays, where detection of different pathogens is carried out in a single reaction. In the present study, a one-step multiplex RT-qPCR assay was developed for simultaneous detection of Capripoxvirus (CaPV), Peste de petits ruminants virus (PPRV), Pasteurella multocida (PM) and Mycoplasma capricolum ssp. capripneumonia (Mccp) in pathological samples collected from small ruminants with respiratory disease symptoms. The test performed efficiently without any cross-amplification. The multiplex PCR efficiency was 98.31%, 95.48%, 102.77% and 91.46% whereas the singleplex efficiency was 93.43%, 98.82%, 102.55% and 92.0% for CaPV, PPRV, PM and Mccp, respectively. The correlation coefficient was greater than 0.99 for all the targets in both multiplex and singleplex. Based on cycle threshold values, intra and inter assay variability, ranged between the limits of 2%-4%, except for lower concentrations of Mccp. The detection limits at 95% confidence interval (CI) were 12, 163, 13 and 23 copies/reaction for CaPV, PPRV, PM and Mccp, respectively. The multiplex assay was able to detect CaPVs from all genotypes, PPRV from the four lineages, PM and Mccp without amplifying the other subspecies of mycoplasmas. The discriminating power of the assay was proven by accurate detection of the targeted pathogen (s) by screening 58 viral and bacterial isolates representing all four targeted pathogens. Furthermore, by screening 81 pathological samples collected from small ruminants showing respiratory disease symptoms, CaPV was detected in 17 samples, PPRV in 45, and PM in six samples. In addition, three samples showed a co-infection of PPRV and PM. Overall, the one-step multiplex RT-qPCR assay developed will be a valuable tool for rapid detection of individual and co-infections of the targeted pathogens with high specificity and sensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tirumala Bharani Kumar Settypalli
- Animal Production and Health Laboratory (APHL), Joint FAO/IAEA Division of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, Department of Nuclear Sciences and Applications, International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA), Vienna, Austria
- * E-mail:
| | - Charles Euloge Lamien
- Animal Production and Health Laboratory (APHL), Joint FAO/IAEA Division of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, Department of Nuclear Sciences and Applications, International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA), Vienna, Austria
| | - Joachim Spergser
- Institute of Microbiology, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria
| | - Mamadou Lelenta
- Animal Production and Health Laboratory (APHL), Joint FAO/IAEA Division of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, Department of Nuclear Sciences and Applications, International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA), Vienna, Austria
| | - Abel Wade
- Laboratoire National Vétérinaire (LANAVET), Annex Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Esayas Gelaye
- Animal Production and Health Laboratory (APHL), Joint FAO/IAEA Division of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, Department of Nuclear Sciences and Applications, International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA), Vienna, Austria
- Research and Diagnostic Laboratories, National Veterinary Institute, Debre Zeit, Ethiopia
| | - Angelika Loitsch
- Institute for Veterinary Disease Control, Austrian Agency for Health and Food Safety, Mödling, Austria
| | | | - Francois Thiaucourt
- Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (CIRAD), UMR CMAEE, Montpellier, France
| | - Adama Diallo
- Animal Production and Health Laboratory (APHL), Joint FAO/IAEA Division of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, Department of Nuclear Sciences and Applications, International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA), Vienna, Austria
- Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (CIRAD), UMR CMAEE, Montpellier, France
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Field-Applicable Recombinase Polymerase Amplification Assay for Rapid Detection of Mycoplasma capricolum subsp. capripneumoniae. J Clin Microbiol 2015; 53:2810-5. [PMID: 26085615 PMCID: PMC4540935 DOI: 10.1128/jcm.00623-15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2015] [Accepted: 06/05/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Contagious caprine pleuropneumonia (CCPP) is a highly contagious disease caused by Mycoplasma capricolum subsp. capripneumoniae that affects goats in Africa and Asia. Current available methods for the diagnosis of Mycoplasma infection, including cultivation, serological assays, and PCR, are time-consuming and require fully equipped stationary laboratories, which make them incompatible with testing in the resource-poor settings that are most relevant to this disease. We report a rapid, specific, and sensitive assay employing isothermal DNA amplification using recombinase polymerase amplification (RPA) for the detection of M. capricolum subsp. capripneumoniae. We developed the assay using a specific target sequence in M. capricolum subsp. capripneumoniae, as found in the genome sequence of the field strain ILRI181 and the type strain F38 and that was further evidenced in 10 field strains from different geographical regions. Detection limits corresponding to 5 × 103 and 5 × 104 cells/ml were obtained using genomic DNA and bacterial culture from M. capricolum subsp. capripneumoniae strain ILRI181, while no amplification was obtained from 71 related Mycoplasma isolates or from the Acholeplasma or the Pasteurella isolates, demonstrating a high degree of specificity. The assay produces a fluorescent signal within 15 to 20 min and worked well using pleural fluid obtained directly from CCPP-positive animals without prior DNA extraction. We demonstrate that the diagnosis of CCPP can be achieved, with a short sample preparation time and a simple read-out device that can be powered by a car battery, in <45 min in a simulated field setting.
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Yu Z, Wang T, Sun H, Xia Z, Zhang K, Chu D, Xu Y, Xin Y, Xu W, Cheng K, Zheng X, Huang G, Zhao Y, Yang S, Gao Y, Xia X. Contagious caprine pleuropneumonia in endangered Tibetan antelope, China, 2012. Emerg Infect Dis 2014; 19:2051-3. [PMID: 24274020 PMCID: PMC3840868 DOI: 10.3201/eid1912.130067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
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Peyraud A, Poumarat F, Tardy F, Manso-Silván L, Hamroev K, Tilloev T, Amirbekov M, Tounkara K, Bodjo C, Wesonga H, Nkando IG, Jenberie S, Yami M, Cardinale E, Meenowa D, Jaumally MR, Yaqub T, Shabbir MZ, Mukhtar N, Halimi M, Ziay GM, Schauwers W, Noori H, Rajabi AM, Ostrowski S, Thiaucourt F. An international collaborative study to determine the prevalence of contagious caprine pleuropneumonia by monoclonal antibody-based cELISA. BMC Vet Res 2014; 10:48. [PMID: 24565080 PMCID: PMC3938968 DOI: 10.1186/1746-6148-10-48] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2013] [Accepted: 02/14/2014] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Few serological tests are available for detecting antibodies against Mycoplasma capricolum subsp. capripneumoniae, the causal agent of contagious caprine pleuropneumonia (CCPP). The complement fixation test, the test prescribed for international trade purposes, uses a crude antigen that cross-reacts with all the other mycoplasma species of the “mycoides cluster” frequently infecting goat herds. The lack of a more specific test has been a real obstacle to the evaluation of the prevalence and economic impact of CCPP worldwide. A new competitive ELISA kit for CCPP, based on a previous blocking ELISA, was formatted at CIRAD and used to evaluate the prevalence of CCPP in some regions of Kenya, Ethiopia, Mauritius, Tajikistan and Pakistan in an international collaborative study. Results The strict specificity of the test was confirmed in CCPP-free goat herds exposed to other mycoplasma species of the “mycoides cluster”. Prevalence studies were performed across the enzootic range of the disease in Africa and Asia. Seroprevalence was estimated at 14.6% in the Afar region of Ethiopia, whereas all the herds presented for CCPP vaccination in Kenya tested positive (individual seroprevalence varied from 6 to 90% within each herd). In Mauritius, where CCPP emerged in 2009, nine of 62 herds tested positive. In Central Asia, where the disease was confirmed only recently, no positive animals were detected in the Wakhan District of Afghanistan or across the border in neighboring areas of Tajikistan, whereas seroprevalence varied between 2.7% and 44.2% in the other districts investigated and in northern Pakistan. The test was also used to monitor seroconversion in vaccinated animals. Conclusions This newly formatted CCPP cELISA kit has retained the high specificity of the original kit. It can therefore be used to evaluate the prevalence of CCPP in countries or regions without vaccination programs. It could also be used to monitor the efficacy of vaccination campaigns as high-quality vaccines induce high rates of seroconversion.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - François Thiaucourt
- Centre de coopération internationale en recherche agronomique pour le développement (CIRAD) UMR CMAEE, Montpellier F-34398, France.
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Righter DJ, Rurangirwa FR, Call DR, McElwain TF. Development of a bead-based multiplex PCR assay for the simultaneous detection of multiple Mycoplasma species. Vet Microbiol 2011; 153:246-56. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2011.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2011] [Revised: 05/26/2011] [Accepted: 06/07/2011] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Nicholas R, Churchward C. Contagious Caprine Pleuropneumonia: New Aspects of an Old Disease. Transbound Emerg Dis 2011; 59:189-96. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1865-1682.2011.01262.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Srivastava AK, Meenowa D, Barden G, Salguero FJ, Churchward C, Nicholas RAJ. Contagious caprine pleuropneumonia in Mauritius. Vet Rec 2010; 167:304-5. [DOI: 10.1136/vr.c3816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - D. Meenowa
- Division of Veterinary Services; Reduit Mauritius
| | - G. Barden
- Veterinary Laboratories Agency - Weybridge; New Haw Addlestone Surrey KT15 3NB
| | - F. J. Salguero
- Veterinary Laboratories Agency - Weybridge; New Haw Addlestone Surrey KT15 3NB
| | - C. Churchward
- Veterinary Laboratories Agency - Weybridge; New Haw Addlestone Surrey KT15 3NB
| | - R. A. J. Nicholas
- Veterinary Laboratories Agency - Weybridge; New Haw Addlestone Surrey KT15 3NB
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Chazel M, Tardy F, Le Grand D, Calavas D, Poumarat F. Mycoplasmoses of ruminants in France: recent data from the national surveillance network. BMC Vet Res 2010; 6:32. [PMID: 20525406 PMCID: PMC2892444 DOI: 10.1186/1746-6148-6-32] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2010] [Accepted: 06/07/2010] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Ruminant mycoplasmoses are important diseases worldwide and several are listed by the World Organization for Animal Health to be of major economic significance. In France the distribution of mycoplasmal species isolated from clinical samples collected from diseased animals upon veterinary request, is monitored by a network known as VIGIMYC (for VIGIlance to MYCoplasmoses of ruminants). The veterinary diagnostic laboratories collaborating with VIGIMYC are responsible for isolating the mycoplasmas while identification of the isolates is centralized by the French Food Safety Agency (AFSSA) in Lyon. The VIGIMYC framework can also be used for specific surveys and one example, on the prevalence of M. bovis in bovine respiratory diseases, is presented here. Results Between 2003 and 2008, 34 laboratories were involved in the network and 1904 mycoplasma isolates, originating from the main ruminant-breeding areas, were identified. For cattle, the high prevalence of M. bovis in bronchopneumonia, notably in young animals, was confirmed by VIGIMYC and an associated specific survey, whereas the non-emergence of species such as M. alkalescens and M. canis was also demonstrated. The etiological agent of bovine contagious pleuropneumonia was never isolated. The principal mycoplasmosis in goats was contagious agalactia with M. mycoides subsp. capri as main agent. Ovine mycoplasmoses, most of which were associated with pneumonia in lambs, were infrequently reported. One exception was ovine contagious agalactia (due to M. agalactiae) that has recently re-emerged in the Pyrénées where it had been endemic for years and was also reported in Corsica, which was previously considered free. Conclusions Although VIGIMYC is a passive network and somewhat biased as regards sample collection and processing, it has provided, in this study, an overview of the main mycoplasmoses of ruminants in France. The French epidemiological situation is compared to those existing elsewhere in the world.
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Affiliation(s)
- Myriam Chazel
- UMR Ruminant mycoplasmoses AFSSA-Lyon, 31 avenue Tony Garnier 69364 Lyon cedex 07, France
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Awan MA, Abbas F, Yasinzai M, Nicholas RAJ, Babar S, Ayling RD, Attique MA, Ahmed Z, Wadood A, Khan FA. First report on the molecular prevalence of Mycoplasma capricolum subspecies capripneumoniae (Mccp) in goats the cause of contagious caprine pleuropneumonia (CCPP) in Balochistan province of Pakistan. Mol Biol Rep 2009; 37:3401-6. [DOI: 10.1007/s11033-009-9929-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2009] [Accepted: 11/16/2009] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Lorenzon S, Manso-Silván L, Thiaucourt F. Specific real-time PCR assays for the detection and quantification of Mycoplasma mycoides subsp. mycoides SC and Mycoplasma capricolum subsp. capripneumoniae. Mol Cell Probes 2008; 22:324-8. [PMID: 18678244 DOI: 10.1016/j.mcp.2008.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2008] [Revised: 06/30/2008] [Accepted: 07/09/2008] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Contagious bovine pleuropneumonia and contagious caprine pleuropneumonia are two severe respiratory infections of ruminants due to infection by Mycoplasma mycoides subsp. mycoides SC (MmmSC) and Mycoplasma capricolum subsp. capripneumoniae (Mccp), respectively. They are included in the OIE list of notifiable diseases. Here we describe the development of rapid, sensitive, and specific real-time PCR assays for the detection and quantification of MmmSC and Mccp DNA. MmmSC PCR primers were designed after whole genome comparisons between the published sequence of MmmSC strain type PG1(T) and the sequence of an M. mycoides subsp. mycoides large colony strain. For Mccp, previously published conventional PCR primers were applied. SYBR green was used as a detection agent for both assays. The assays specifically detected the targeted species in both cultures and clinical samples, and no cross-amplifications were obtained from either heterologous mycoplasma strain cultures or European field samples. The sensitivity of these new assays was estimated at 3-80 colony forming units per reaction and 4-80fg of DNA, representing a 2-3log increase in sensitivity compared to established conventional PCR tests. These new real-time PCR assays will be invaluable for application in various fields such as direct detection in diagnostic laboratories.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie Lorenzon
- CIRAD-INRA-Bios, UMR15 "control of exotic and emerging animal diseases", TA A-15/G Campus International de Baillarguet, 34398 Montpellier cedex 5, France
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Balikci E, Kizil O, Karapinar T, Karahan M, Ozdemir H, Dabak M. Efficacy of marbofloxacin for naturally occurring contagious caprine pleuropneumonia. Small Rumin Res 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.smallrumres.2008.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Maigre L, Citti C, Marenda M, Poumarat F, Tardy F. Suppression-subtractive hybridization as a strategy to identify taxon-specific sequences within the Mycoplasma mycoides Cluster: design and validation of an M. capricolum subsp. capricolum-specific PCR assay. J Clin Microbiol 2008; 46:1307-16. [PMID: 18234866 PMCID: PMC2292954 DOI: 10.1128/jcm.01617-07] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2007] [Revised: 09/20/2007] [Accepted: 01/21/2008] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The phylogenetically related Mycoplasma capricolum subsp. capricolum and M. mycoides subsp. mycoides biotype Large Colony are two small-ruminant pathogens involved in contagious agalactia. Their respective contributions to clinical outbreaks are not well documented, because they are difficult to differentiate with the current diagnostic techniques. In order to identify DNA sequences specific to one taxon or the other, a suppression-subtractive hybridization approach was developed. DNA fragments resulting from the reciprocal subtraction of the type strains were used as probes on a panel of M. capricolum subsp. capricolum and M. mycoides subsp. mycoides biotype Large Colony strains to assess their intrataxon specificity. Due to a high intrataxon polymorphism and important cross-reactions between taxa, a single DNA fragment was shown to be specific for M. capricolum subsp. capricolum and to be present in all M. capricolum subsp. capricolum field isolates tested in this study. A PCR assay targeting the corresponding gene (simpA51) was designed that resulted in a 560-bp amplification only in M. capricolum subsp. capricolum and in M. capricolum subsp. capripneumoniae (the etiological agent of contagious caprine pleuropneumonia). simpA51 was further improved to generate a multiplex PCR (multA51) that allows the differentiation of M. capricolum subsp. capripneumoniae from M. capricolum subsp. capricolum. Both the simpA51 and multA51 assays accurately identify M. capricolum subsp. capricolum among other mycoplasmas, including all members of the M. mycoides cluster. simpA51 and multA51 PCRs are proposed as sensitive and robust tools for the specific identification of M. capricolum subsp. capricolum and M. capricolum subsp. capripneumoniae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laure Maigre
- AFSSA-Lyon, 31 avenue Tony Garnier, 69364 Lyon, Cedex 07, France
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Characterisation of Mycoplasma capricolum P60 surface lipoprotein and its evaluation in a recombinant ELISA. Vet Microbiol 2007; 128:81-9. [PMID: 17981406 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2007.09.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2007] [Revised: 09/19/2007] [Accepted: 09/26/2007] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
This paper reports the identification and characterisation of a 60kDa surface protein antigen (P60) of Mycoplasma capricolum subspecies capricolum (Mcc), and describes its diagnostic application. Genomic localization and presence in P60 of conserved functional domains suggested a structural and functional relationship with the immunodominant antigen P48 of Mycoplasma agalactiae, a basic membrane protein. A rP60-ELISA was developed, and it resulted in a high specificity for Mcc infections after evaluation with 125 goat sera. The comparison with an existent ELISA based on whole Mcc cell lysates showed that the two assays have comparable sensitivities, but the rP60-ELISA has the significant advantage of a greater specificity. Results indicate that P60 is a potential marker of Mcc infection, especially useful in areas where the presence of M. capricolum subspecies capripenumoniae is also reported.
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Woubit S, Manso-Silván L, Lorenzon S, Gaurivaud P, Poumarat F, Pellet MP, Singh VP, Thiaucourt F. A PCR for the detection of mycoplasmas belonging to the Mycoplasma mycoides cluster: application to the diagnosis of contagious agalactia. Mol Cell Probes 2007; 21:391-9. [PMID: 17606362 DOI: 10.1016/j.mcp.2007.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2006] [Revised: 05/14/2007] [Accepted: 05/18/2007] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Contagious agalactia is a mycoplasmal infection caused by Mycoplasma agalactiae, Mycoplasma mycoides subsp. mycoides LC, M. mycoides subsp. capri, Mycoplasma capricolum subsp. capricolum and Mycoplasma putrefaciens. Identification of the causative organisms is usually performed by isolation and classical biochemical and serological tests, though this is a lengthy and cumbersome process for mycoplasmas. Specific PCR assays have been developed for the identification of Mycoplasma agalactiae and M. putrefaciens. For members of the M. mycoides cluster existing PCR tests are based on the amplification of highly conserved genes coding for ribosomal proteins, hence a possibility of cross-reactions. The gene glk, coding for a glucokinase, that is found in this cluster is very distantly related to any other bacterial glucokinase described so far. It was therefore chosen as target to design a new PCR test. The validation was performed independently in three laboratories in France and India using over 100 mycoplasma strains of various geographical origins. All strains belonging to the M. mycoides cluster were detected by amplification of the expected PCR product (428 bp) while no amplification was obtained from M. agalactiae strains. Our results demonstrate the universality of this PCR in spite of the great heterogeneity found within this cluster. This new tool may be of great help for the implementation of control measures directed towards contagious agalactia.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Woubit
- CIRAD UPR 15 Contrôle des maladies animales exotiques et émergentes, TA A-15/G Campus International de Baillarguet, 34398 Montpellier Cedex 5, France
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Arif A, Schulz J, Thiaucourt F, Taha A, Hammer S. CONTAGIOUS CAPRINE PLEUROPNEUMONIA OUTBREAK IN CAPTIVE WILD UNGULATES AT AL WABRA WILDLIFE PRESERVATION, STATE OF QATAR. J Zoo Wildl Med 2007; 38:93-6. [PMID: 17469281 DOI: 10.1638/05-097.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Contagious caprine pleuropneumonia (CCPP) caused by Mycoplasma capricolum subsp. capripneumoniae is a highly contagious and serious respiratory disease of domestic goats, characterized by coughing, severe respiratory distress, and high mortality rates. The lesions at necropsy are mainly a fibrinous pleuropneumonia with increased straw-colored pleural fluid. An outbreak of CCPP in wild goat (Capra aegagrus), Nubian ibex (Capra ibex nubiana), Laristan mouflon (Ovis orientalis laristanica), and gerenuk (Litocranius walleri) occurred at Al Wabra Wildlife Preservation in the State of Qatar. The disease was suspected because of the clinical symptoms and the necropsy findings and was confirmed by the isolation and identification of the causative organism. This new finding indicates that CCPP should be considered a potential threat to wildlife and the conservation of endangered ruminant species, especially in the Middle East, where it is enzootic because of its presence in chronic carriers. Susceptible imported animals should be quarantined and vaccinated. The preferred samples for diagnosis are the pleural fluid, which contains high numbers of Mycoplasma, and sections of hepatized lung, preferably at the interface of normal and diseased tissues. Samples must be shipped to diagnostic laboratories rapidly, and appropriate cool conditions must be maintained during shipping.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdi Arif
- Al Wabra Wildlife Preservation, Doha, Qatar
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