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Pu J, Zhang Y, Zhong D, Chen Q. Detection and genetic characterization of circulating canine parvovirus from stray dogs in Shanghai, China. Virology 2024; 595:110041. [PMID: 38555807 DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2024.110041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024]
Abstract
Canine parvovirus (CPV) is the main cause of viral diarrhea in dogs. CPV became a global disease in 1978 and was endemic all over the world. CPV-2 was the first strain to be identified, but with genetic mutations, new genotypes such as CPV-2a/2b/2c/new-2a/new-2b have emerged. In this study, 128 fecal samples of stray dogs suspected of CPV-2 infection were collected from January to March 2021 in Shanghai, China. All samples were screened by PCR and further analyzed by VP2 gene. The positive rate of CPV-2 was 9.4% (12/128), of which 6 CPV-2 isolates were successfully isolated. Phylogenetic tree analysis showed that 4 isolates were CPV-2c genotype and 2 were new-CPV-2b genotype. VP-2 is a key protein that determines the antigenic properties, host range and receptor binding of cpv-2. The results of VP2 amino acid sequence analysis in this study showed that the CPV-2c isolated strain was the same as the previous strains reported in China, including F267Y, Y324I, Q370R and A5G mutations in addition to the typical N426E mutations. Similarly, in addition to the conventional N426D, S297A, F267Y and Y324I mutations, the new CPV-2b isolate also had a new mutation of T440A. This study further confirmed the prevalence of CPV-2c and new-CPV-2b in Shanghai, and also found a new mutation site of new-CPV-2c, which provided a theoretical basis for further enriching the epidemiological data of CPV-2 in Shanghai, as well as the development of vaccines and the prevention and control of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junyi Pu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, PR China; SNLG Precision Medtech (Shanghai) Ltd, Shanghai, 201100, PR China
| | - Yan Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, PR China
| | - Dengke Zhong
- Shanghai Vocational and Technical College of Agriculture and Forestry, Shanghai, 201600, PR China.
| | - Qiusheng Chen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, PR China.
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2
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Bertolazzi S, Paz FR, da Silveira VP, Prusch F, Agnes I, Santana WDO, Ikuta N, Streck AF, Lunge VR. Canine Parvovirus 2 in Free-Living Wild Mammals from Southern Brazil. J Wildl Dis 2023; 59:500-503. [PMID: 37270203 DOI: 10.7589/jwd-d-22-00125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Pathogens from domestic canines represent a significant and constant threat to wildlife. This study looked for four common canine pathogens, Babesia vogeli, Ehrlichia canis, Leishmania infantum, and canine parvovirus 2 (CPV-2) in mammals from the Pampa Biome, southern Brazil. Animals killed by vehicular trauma on a road traversing this biome were evaluated over a 1-yr period. Tissues collected from 31 wild mammals and six dogs were further analyzed by specific real-time PCR assays for each pathogen. Babesia vogeli and L. infantum were not detected in any investigated animal. Ehrlichia canis was detected in one dog and CPV-2 in nine animals: four dogs, three white-eared opossums (Didelphis albiventris), one pampas fox (Lycalopex gymnocercus), and one brown rat (Rattus norvegicus). These results demonstrate the occurrence of important carnivore pathogens (E. canis and CPV-2) in domestic dogs and wild mammals from the Pampa Biome in southern Brazil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina Bertolazzi
- Instituto de Biotecnologia, Universidade de Caxias do Sul (UCS), Rua Francisco Getúlio Vargas 1130, 95070-560, Caxias do Sul, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Francini Rosa Paz
- Laboratório de Diagnóstico Molecular, Universidade Luterana do Brasil (ULBRA), Av. Farroupilha 8001, 92425-900, Canoas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Vinícius Proença da Silveira
- Laboratório de Diagnóstico Molecular, Universidade Luterana do Brasil (ULBRA), Av. Farroupilha 8001, 92425-900, Canoas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Fabiane Prusch
- Instituto de Biotecnologia, Universidade de Caxias do Sul (UCS), Rua Francisco Getúlio Vargas 1130, 95070-560, Caxias do Sul, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Isadora Agnes
- Laboratório de Diagnóstico Molecular, Universidade Luterana do Brasil (ULBRA), Av. Farroupilha 8001, 92425-900, Canoas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Weslei de Oliveira Santana
- Instituto de Biotecnologia, Universidade de Caxias do Sul (UCS), Rua Francisco Getúlio Vargas 1130, 95070-560, Caxias do Sul, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Nilo Ikuta
- Simbios Biotecnologia, Rua Caí 541, 94940-030, Cachoeirinha, RS, Brazil
| | - André Felipe Streck
- Instituto de Biotecnologia, Universidade de Caxias do Sul (UCS), Rua Francisco Getúlio Vargas 1130, 95070-560, Caxias do Sul, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Vagner Ricardo Lunge
- Instituto de Biotecnologia, Universidade de Caxias do Sul (UCS), Rua Francisco Getúlio Vargas 1130, 95070-560, Caxias do Sul, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
- Laboratório de Diagnóstico Molecular, Universidade Luterana do Brasil (ULBRA), Av. Farroupilha 8001, 92425-900, Canoas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
- Simbios Biotecnologia, Rua Caí 541, 94940-030, Cachoeirinha, RS, Brazil
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3
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de Oliveira Santana W, Silveira VP, Wolf JM, Kipper D, Echeverrigaray S, Canal CW, Truyen U, Lunge VR, Streck AF. Molecular phylogenetic assessment of the canine parvovirus 2 worldwide and analysis of the genetic diversity and temporal spreading in Brazil. INFECTION, GENETICS AND EVOLUTION : JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR EPIDEMIOLOGY AND EVOLUTIONARY GENETICS IN INFECTIOUS DISEASES 2022; 98:105225. [PMID: 35101636 DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2022.105225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2021] [Revised: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Canine parvovirus type 2 (CPV-2) is a relevant pathogen for dogs and causes a severe disease in carnivore species. CPV-2 reached pandemic proportions after the 1970s with the worldwide dissemination, generating antigenic and genetic variants (CPV-2a, CPV-2b, and CPV-2c) with different pathobiology in comparison with the original type CPV-2. The present study aimed to assess the current global CPV-2 molecular phylogeny and to analyze genetic diversity and temporal spreading of variants from Brazil. A total of 284 CPV-2 whole-genome sequences (WGS) and 684 VP2 complete genes (including 23 obtained in the present study) were compared to analyze phylogenetic relationships. Bayesian coalescent analysis estimated the time to the most recent common ancestor (tMRCA) and the population dynamics of the different CPV-2 lineages in the last decades. The WGS phylogenetic tree demonstrated two main clades disseminated worldwide today. The VP2 gene tree showed a total of four well-defined clades distributed in different geographic regions, including one with CPV-2 sequences exclusive from Brazil. These clades do not have a relationship with the previous classification into CPV-2a, CPV-2b, and CPV-2c, despite some having a predominance of one or more antigenic types. Temporal analysis demonstrated that the main CPV-2 clades evolved within a few years (from the 1980s to 1990s) in North America and they spread worldwide afterwards. Population dynamics analysis demonstrated that CPV-2 presented a major dissemination increase at the end of the 1980s / beginning of the 1990s followed by a period of stability and a second minor increase from 2000 to 2004.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weslei de Oliveira Santana
- Instituto de Biotecnologia, Universidade de Caxias do Sul (UCS), Caxias do Sul, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Vinicius Proença Silveira
- Laboratório de Diagnóstico Molecular, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Celular e Molecular aplicada à Saúde, Universidade Luterana do Brasil (ULBRA), Canoas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Jonas Michel Wolf
- Laboratório de Diagnóstico Molecular, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Celular e Molecular aplicada à Saúde, Universidade Luterana do Brasil (ULBRA), Canoas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Diéssy Kipper
- Instituto de Biotecnologia, Universidade de Caxias do Sul (UCS), Caxias do Sul, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Sergio Echeverrigaray
- Instituto de Biotecnologia, Universidade de Caxias do Sul (UCS), Caxias do Sul, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Cláudio Wageck Canal
- Laboratório de Virologia, Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Uwe Truyen
- Institut für Tierhygiene und Öffentliches Veterinärwesen, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Vagner Ricardo Lunge
- Laboratório de Diagnóstico Molecular, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Celular e Molecular aplicada à Saúde, Universidade Luterana do Brasil (ULBRA), Canoas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil; Simbios Biotecnologia, Cachoeirinha, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
| | - André Felipe Streck
- Instituto de Biotecnologia, Universidade de Caxias do Sul (UCS), Caxias do Sul, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
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Weber M, Mosena A, da Silva M, Canova R, de Lorenzo C, Olegário J, Budaszewski R, Baumbach L, Soares J, Sonne L, Varela A, Mayer F, de Oliveira L, Canal C. Virome of crab-eating (Cerdocyon thous) and pampas foxes (Lycalopex gymnocercus) from southern Brazil and Uruguay. INFECTION, GENETICS AND EVOLUTION : JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR EPIDEMIOLOGY AND EVOLUTIONARY GENETICS IN INFECTIOUS DISEASES 2020; 85:104421. [PMID: 32580027 PMCID: PMC7306396 DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2020.104421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2020] [Revised: 06/08/2020] [Accepted: 06/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Crab-eating (Cerdocyon thous) and Pampas foxes (Lycalopex gymnocercus) are wild canids distributed in South America. Domestic dogs (Canis lupus familiaris) and wild canids may share viral pathogens, including rabies virus (RABV), canine distemper virus (CDV), and canine parvovirus 2 (CPV-2). To characterize the virome of these wild canid species, the present work evaluated the spleen and mesenteric lymph node virome of 17 crab-eating and five Pampas foxes using high-throughput sequencing (HTS). Organ samples were pooled and sequenced using an Illumina MiSeq platform. Additional PCR analyses were performed to identify the frequencies and host origin for each virus detected by HTS. Sequences more closely related to the Paramyxoviridae, Parvoviridae and Anelloviridae families were detected, as well as circular Rep-encoding single-stranded (CRESS) DNA viruses. CDV was found only in crab-eating foxes, whereas CPV-2 was found in both canid species; both viruses were closely related to sequences reported in domestic dogs from southern Brazil. Moreover, the present work reported the detection of canine bocavirus (CBoV) strains that were genetically divergent from CBoV-1 and 2 lineages. Finally, we also characterized CRESS DNA viruses and anelloviruses with marked diversity. The results of this study contribute to the body of knowledge regarding wild canid viruses that can potentially be shared with domestic canids or other species.
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Affiliation(s)
- M.N. Weber
- Laboratório de Virologia, Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil,Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular, Instituto de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Feevale, Novo Hamburgo, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - A.C.S. Mosena
- Laboratório de Virologia, Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - M.S. da Silva
- Laboratório de Virologia, Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - R. Canova
- Laboratório de Virologia, Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - C. de Lorenzo
- Setor de Patologia Veterinária, Faculdade de Veterinária, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - J.C. Olegário
- Laboratório de Virologia, Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - R.F. Budaszewski
- Laboratório de Virologia, Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - L.F. Baumbach
- Laboratório de Virologia, Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - J.F. Soares
- Laboratório Protozoologia e Riquettsioses Vetoriais, Faculdade de Veterinária, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - L. Sonne
- Setor de Patologia Veterinária, Faculdade de Veterinária, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - A.P.M. Varela
- Laboratório de Biologia Molecular, Centro de Pesquisa em Saúde Animal, Instituto de Pesquisas Veterinárias Desidério Finamor (IPVDF), Secretaria da Agricultura, Pecuária eDesenvolvimento Rural do Rio Grande do Sul (SEAPDR-RS), Eldorado do Sul, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - F.Q. Mayer
- Laboratório de Biologia Molecular, Centro de Pesquisa em Saúde Animal, Instituto de Pesquisas Veterinárias Desidério Finamor (IPVDF), Secretaria da Agricultura, Pecuária eDesenvolvimento Rural do Rio Grande do Sul (SEAPDR-RS), Eldorado do Sul, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - L.G.S. de Oliveira
- Plataforma de Salud Animal, Instituto Nacional de Investigación Agropecuaria (INIA) Tacuarembó, Tacuarembó, Uruguay
| | - C.W. Canal
- Laboratório de Virologia, Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil,Corresponding author at: Av Bento Gonçalves 9090, Laboratório de Virologia, Faculdade de Veterinária, UFRGS, CEP 91540-000 Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
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Spera CG, Lavorente FLP, Lorenzetti E, de Calasans Marques G, de Almeida Freitas L, Martins MB, Teixeira CR, Alfieri AA, Alfieri AF. First detection of canine parvovirus 2b DNA in a crab-eating fox pup (Cerdocyon thous, Linnaeus, 1766). Braz J Microbiol 2020; 52:449-453. [PMID: 33095410 DOI: 10.1007/s42770-020-00389-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2020] [Accepted: 10/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The crab-eating fox (Cerdocyon thous) is a small wild mammal present in all Brazilian biomes and in some countries of South America. This study aimed to verify the involvement of viral infectious agents in the death of a wild crab-eating fox pup (Cerdocyon thous) in Brazil. The Center for Medicine and Research of Wild Animals of the Universidade Estadual Paulista received a free-living crab-eating fox aged approximately 21 days and apparently healthy. After 13 days, the animal presented anorexia, diarrhea, fever, prostration, and neurological signs progressing to death with an inconclusive diagnosis. In a retrospective study, tissue fragments stored at - 80 °C were used to identify nucleic acids from major canine viruses, such as canine parvovirus-2 (CPV-2), canine adenovirus A types 1 and 2, canid alphaherpesvirus 1, and canine distemper virus. The amplified product with the expected length for CPV-2 was obtained from the heart fragment. After performing nucleotide (nt) sequencing of the amplicon, it was possible to demonstrate that the crab-eating fox strain exhibited high (99.8%) nt identity with the CPV-2b prototype (CPV-39 strain). Additionally, deduced amino acid (aa) sequence analysis showed the GAT codon for the aa Asp (D) at position 426 of the CPV-2 viral protein VP2, which characterizes the subtype 2b. To the best of the authors' knowledge, this report describes the first detection of CPV-2b DNA in tissue fragments from a crab-eating fox.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Giuseppa Spera
- Laboratory of Animal Virology, Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Celso Garcia Cid Road, PR455 Km 380, P.O. Box 10011, Londrina, Paraná, 86057-970, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Louise Pereira Lavorente
- Laboratory of Animal Virology, Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Celso Garcia Cid Road, PR455 Km 380, P.O. Box 10011, Londrina, Paraná, 86057-970, Brazil
| | - Elis Lorenzetti
- Laboratory of Animal Virology, Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Celso Garcia Cid Road, PR455 Km 380, P.O. Box 10011, Londrina, Paraná, 86057-970, Brazil.,Multi-User Animal Health Laboratory, Molecular Biology Unit, Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Celso Garcia Cid Road, PR455 Km 380, P.O. Box 10011, Londrina, Paraná, 86057-970, Brazil.,Post Graduate Program in Animal Health and Production, Universidade Pitágoras Unopar, Arapongas, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Gustavo de Calasans Marques
- Center for Medicine and Research of Wild Animals, Veterinary Hospital, Universidade Estadual Paulista - Julio de Mesquita Filho, P.O. Box 560, Botucatu, São Paulo, 18618-000, Brazil
| | - Luana de Almeida Freitas
- Laboratory of Animal Virology, Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Celso Garcia Cid Road, PR455 Km 380, P.O. Box 10011, Londrina, Paraná, 86057-970, Brazil
| | - Maíra Bonamin Martins
- Animal Pathology, Veterinary Hospital, Universidade Estadual Paulista - Julio de Mesquita Filho, P.O. Box 560, Botucatu, São Paulo, 18618-000, Brazil
| | - Carlos Roberto Teixeira
- Center for Medicine and Research of Wild Animals, Veterinary Hospital, Universidade Estadual Paulista - Julio de Mesquita Filho, P.O. Box 560, Botucatu, São Paulo, 18618-000, Brazil
| | - Amauri Alcindo Alfieri
- Laboratory of Animal Virology, Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Celso Garcia Cid Road, PR455 Km 380, P.O. Box 10011, Londrina, Paraná, 86057-970, Brazil. .,Multi-User Animal Health Laboratory, Molecular Biology Unit, Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Celso Garcia Cid Road, PR455 Km 380, P.O. Box 10011, Londrina, Paraná, 86057-970, Brazil.
| | - Alice Fernandes Alfieri
- Laboratory of Animal Virology, Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Celso Garcia Cid Road, PR455 Km 380, P.O. Box 10011, Londrina, Paraná, 86057-970, Brazil.,Multi-User Animal Health Laboratory, Molecular Biology Unit, Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Celso Garcia Cid Road, PR455 Km 380, P.O. Box 10011, Londrina, Paraná, 86057-970, Brazil
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Castillo C, Neira V, Aniñir P, Grecco S, Pérez R, Panzera Y, Zegpi NA, Sandoval A, Sandoval D, Cofre S, Ortega R. First Molecular Identification of Canine Parvovirus Type 2 (CPV2) in Chile Reveals High Occurrence of CPV2c Antigenic Variant. Front Vet Sci 2020; 7:194. [PMID: 32432131 PMCID: PMC7216333 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2020.00194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2019] [Accepted: 03/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Canine parvovirus type 2 (CPV2) is one of the most important intestinal pathogens in dogs and puppies. CPV2 has been evolved into three genetic and antigenic variants (2a, 2b, and 2c), which are distributed worldwide. We reported the first study of genetic diversity of CPV2 in Chile. Sixty-five samples were collected from puppies presenting with severe gastroenteritis and different vaccination statuses. PCR, restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP), and partial sequencing of the coding region of the structural viral protein VP2 was performed. Thirty of a total of 65 samples tested positive by PCR out of which 19 were further classified as CPV2c and one as CPV2a using RFLP and Sanger sequencing. The phylogeny was in concordance with the RFLP analysis. This is the first report of the genetic characterization of CPV2 in Chile and reveals a high occurrence of CPV2c.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristobal Castillo
- Departamento de Patología y Medicina Preventiva, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad de Concepción, Chillán, Chile
| | - Victor Neira
- Departamento de Medicina Preventiva Animal, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias y Pecuarias, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Pamela Aniñir
- Departamento de Patología y Medicina Preventiva, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad de Concepción, Chillán, Chile
| | - Sofia Grecco
- Sección Genética Evolutiva, Departamento de Biología Animal, Instituto de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Ruben Pérez
- Sección Genética Evolutiva, Departamento de Biología Animal, Instituto de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Yanina Panzera
- Sección Genética Evolutiva, Departamento de Biología Animal, Instituto de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Nhur-Aischa Zegpi
- Departamento de Patología y Medicina Preventiva, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad de Concepción, Chillán, Chile
| | - Alberto Sandoval
- Departamento de Patología y Medicina Preventiva, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad de Concepción, Chillán, Chile
| | - Daniel Sandoval
- Departamento de Patología y Medicina Preventiva, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad de Concepción, Chillán, Chile
| | - Sergio Cofre
- Departamento de Ciencias Clínicas, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias Universidad de Concepción, Chillán, Chile
| | - Rene Ortega
- Departamento de Patología y Medicina Preventiva, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad de Concepción, Chillán, Chile
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Qi S, Zhao J, Guo D, Sun D. A Mini-Review on the Epidemiology of Canine Parvovirus in China. Front Vet Sci 2020; 7:5. [PMID: 32154272 PMCID: PMC7044151 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2020.00005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2019] [Accepted: 01/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Canine viral diarrhea is a severe disease in dogs worldwide. The role of canine parvovirus (CPV) in canine viral diarrhea is a common health problem in dogs, attracting major concern from veterinarians and dog owners across China. In this mini-review, we summarize the CPV epidemiology in China, including its origin, prevalence, coinfection, and the genetic evolution of the virus. The review reveals the correlation between CPV-2 infection and seasonality, a dog's age/gender/breed/vaccination; that CPV-2 is the main causative agent of canine diarrhea in Northeast China and that coinfection with other pathogens is a common occurrence; the predominant CPV epidemic strains were the new CPV-2a, and CPV-2c has shown significant growth trends since 2010. This mini-review will provide valuable information for CPV infections across China and other countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanshan Qi
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, China
| | - Jianjun Zhao
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, China
| | - Donghua Guo
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, China
| | - Dongbo Sun
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, China
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Gogone ICVP, de Barros FRO, Possatti F, Alfieri AA, Takiuchi E. Detection of canine parvovirus types 2b and 2c in canine faecal samples contaminating urban thoroughfares in Brazil. Can J Microbiol 2019; 66:138-143. [PMID: 31714839 DOI: 10.1139/cjm-2019-0137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Canine parvovirus type 2 (CPV-2) is a highly contagious virus that causes acute gastroenteritis in dogs all over the world. Because of its stability in the environment, CPV-2 can remain infective for a long time, especially if protected in organic matter. To demonstrate CPV-2's potential as an environmental hazard for nonimmunized susceptible hosts, we investigated 50 faecal samples collected from public areas in a municipality of Paraná state, Brazil. Seven samples tested positive for CPV by a PCR assay targeting the partial VP2 gene, with three strains being confirmed as CPV-2b variant and one as CPV-2c variant by sequence analysis. These findings were supported by phylogenetic analysis, and the species identity of faecal samples source was confirmed by canine mitochondrial DNA amplification and sequencing. Our results demonstrate the presence of CPV in canine faeces contaminating urban thoroughfares and reinforce the importance of environmental control to reduce the potential exposure risks to susceptible hosts.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Flavia Possatti
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, State University of Londrina, P.O. Box 6001, 86051-990, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Amauri Alcindo Alfieri
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, State University of Londrina, P.O. Box 6001, 86051-990, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Elisabete Takiuchi
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, Federal University of Paraná, 85950-000, Palotina, PR, Brazil
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Temuujin U, Tserendorj A, Fujiki J, Sakoda Y, Tseren-Ochir EO, Okamatsu M, Matsuno K, Sharav T, Horiuchi M, Umemura T, Chultemdorj T. The first isolation and identification of canine parvovirus (CPV) type 2c variants during 2016-2018 genetic surveillance of dogs in Mongolia. INFECTION GENETICS AND EVOLUTION 2019; 73:269-275. [PMID: 31078727 DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2019.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2019] [Revised: 04/05/2019] [Accepted: 05/07/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Canine parvovirus type 2 (CPV-2) causes a highly contagious and fatal disease, developing into acute hemorrhagic enteritis and myocarditis, in dogs. CPV-2 has evolved, generating antigenic variants CPV-2a/2b/2c that are globally distributed. However, investigating molecular characterization of CPV-2 among dog populations in Mongolia has been limited. Herein, 42 stool samples were collected from dogs with clinical signs of infection, and conventional PCR assays were employed to detect CPV-2 in 23. Our results indicated that during 2016-2018, the new CPV-2a and 2c subtypes were detected in 34.7% of the samples, and the new CPV-2b subtype was detected in 30.4% of samples. VP2 protein sequence analysis and next-generation sequencing of the complete viral genome confirmed these antigenic types. However, sequence analysis indicated new and unreported mutations, Pro580Thr, and Tyr584His in the CPV-2c subtype. From a PCR-positive sample, CPV-2c was successfully isolated, and we performed an immunofluorescence assay for antigen detection. Additionally, we performed genetic characterization and phylogenetic analysis to investigate genetic diversity among isolates from the region, resulting in high CPV-2 genetic diversity in the Mongolian dog population. Striking similarities were also observed between sequences of the strains isolated from Mongolia and China over a similar time span.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uyangaa Temuujin
- Department of Infectious Disease and Microbiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Mongolian University of Life Sciences, Ulaanbaatar, Zaisan 17024, Mongolia.
| | - Ariunaa Tserendorj
- Department of Infectious Disease and Microbiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Mongolian University of Life Sciences, Ulaanbaatar, Zaisan 17024, Mongolia
| | - Jumpei Fujiki
- Laboratory of Veterinary Biochemistry, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, Ebetsu, Hokkaido 069-8501, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Sakoda
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Hokkaido 060-0818, Japan
| | - Erdene-Ochir Tseren-Ochir
- Department of Infectious Disease and Microbiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Mongolian University of Life Sciences, Ulaanbaatar, Zaisan 17024, Mongolia
| | - Masatoshi Okamatsu
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Hokkaido 060-0818, Japan
| | - Keita Matsuno
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Hokkaido 060-0818, Japan
| | - Tumenjargal Sharav
- Department of Infectious Disease and Microbiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Mongolian University of Life Sciences, Ulaanbaatar, Zaisan 17024, Mongolia
| | - Motohiro Horiuchi
- Laboratory of Veterinary Hygiene, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Hokkaido 060-0818, Japan
| | - Takashi Umemura
- JICA Expert in School of Veterinary Medicine, Mongolian University of Life Sciences, Mongolia
| | - Tungalag Chultemdorj
- Department of Infectious Disease and Microbiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Mongolian University of Life Sciences, Ulaanbaatar, Zaisan 17024, Mongolia.
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10
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de Oliveira PSB, Cargnelutti JF, Masuda EK, Weiblen R, Flores EF. New variants of canine parvovirus in dogs in southern Brazil. Arch Virol 2019; 164:1361-1369. [PMID: 30859474 DOI: 10.1007/s00705-019-04198-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2018] [Accepted: 02/08/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Carnivore protoparvovirus 1 (canine parvovirus 2, CPV-2) has undergone a rapid evolution through mutations in the capsid protein VP2, giving rise to variants associated with unique clinicopathological and immunological features. VP2 is a major capsid protein involved in key steps of virus biology, including interactions with cellular receptors and with the immune system. This study analyzed the complete VP2 coding sequence of 38 CPV-2 isolates obtained from dogs with clinical parvovirosis in southern Brazil. Amplicons encompassing the whole VP2 coding region were subjected to nucleotide sequencing, and predicted amino acid sequences were analyzed to identify molecular markers of viral variants. Viral variants were classified as CPV-2a, -2b or -2c based on the presence of the amino acid Asn, Asp or Glu, respectively, at VP2 residue 426. Amino acid sequence analysis identified 20 CPV-2c and four CPV-2b isolates. Eleven viruses were identified as New CPV-2a, two as New CPV-2b, and one resembled the original CPV-2 and was designated CPV-2-like. In addition to the mutation at amino acid 426 of VP2, new 2a/2b variants containing a Ser297Ala mutation at residue 297 were identified. CPV-2-like samples contained some mutations that were also present in the original CPV-2 isolate, including as Leu, Thr, Ala and Asp at residues 87, 101, 300 and 305, respectively. The New CPV-2a isolates had three additional mutations (Phe267Tyr, Tyr324Ile and Thr440Ala) associated with selective pressure and development of disease in vaccinated dogs. The resemblance of the CPV-2-like isolate to CPV-2 suggests reemergence of CPV-2 and/or evolution from vaccine strains. Phylogenetic analysis grouped the variants with their respective reference strains, in general, according to amino acid changes. These results demonstrate the high VP2 diversity of CPV circulating in dogs in southern Brazil and indicate the emergence of new viral variants that differ markedly from the current vaccine strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Sebastian Britto de Oliveira
- Setor de Virologia, Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva, Centro de Ciências Rurais, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Av. Roraima, 1000, Prédio 63A, Santa Maria, RS, 97105-900, Brazil.,Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Av. Roraima, 1000, Prédio 97, Santa Maria, RS, 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Juliana Felipetto Cargnelutti
- Setor de Virologia, Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva, Centro de Ciências Rurais, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Av. Roraima, 1000, Prédio 63A, Santa Maria, RS, 97105-900, Brazil.,Laboratório de Bacteriologia, Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva, Centro de Ciências Rurais, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Av. Roraima, 1000, Prédio 44, Santa Maria, RS, 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Kenji Masuda
- Axys Análises Laboratório Veterinário e Consultoria, Rua Alberto Silva, 332, Porto Alegre, RS, 91370-000, Brazil
| | - Rudi Weiblen
- Setor de Virologia, Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva, Centro de Ciências Rurais, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Av. Roraima, 1000, Prédio 63A, Santa Maria, RS, 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Furtado Flores
- Setor de Virologia, Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva, Centro de Ciências Rurais, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Av. Roraima, 1000, Prédio 63A, Santa Maria, RS, 97105-900, Brazil.
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11
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Jaune FW, Taques IIGG, Dos Santos Costa J, Araújo JP, Catroxo MHB, Nakazato L, de Aguiar DM. Isolation and genome characterization of canine parvovirus type 2c in Brazil. Braz J Microbiol 2018; 50:329-333. [PMID: 30637630 DOI: 10.1007/s42770-018-0036-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2018] [Accepted: 10/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
This study focused on the isolation and characterization of parvovirus in an infected dog in midwestern Brazil. Non-enveloped icosahedral parvovirus-like particles were isolated in CRFK cells and were allocated to a clade comprised of strains of CPV-2c, based on genome analysis. This is the first isolate of CPV-2c genomically characterized in Brazil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felipe Wolf Jaune
- Postgraduate Program in Veterinary Science, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine (FAVET), Federal University of Mato Grosso (UFMT), Cuiabá, MT, Brazil
| | - Isis Indaiara Gonçalves Granjeiro Taques
- Postgraduate Program in Veterinary Science, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine (FAVET), Federal University of Mato Grosso (UFMT), Cuiabá, MT, Brazil.,Laboratory of Virology and Rickettsiosis, Veterinary Hospital (HOVET), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine (FAVET), Federal University of Mato Grosso (UFMT), Cuiabá, MT, Brazil
| | - Jackeliny Dos Santos Costa
- Postgraduate Program in Veterinary Science, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine (FAVET), Federal University of Mato Grosso (UFMT), Cuiabá, MT, Brazil.,Laboratory of Virology and Rickettsiosis, Veterinary Hospital (HOVET), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine (FAVET), Federal University of Mato Grosso (UFMT), Cuiabá, MT, Brazil
| | - João Pessoa Araújo
- Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostics, Institute of Biotechnology (IBTEC), São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, SP, Brazil
| | - Márcia H B Catroxo
- Laboratory of Electron Microscopy, Biological Institute (IB), São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Luciano Nakazato
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Veterinary Hospital (HOVET), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine (FAVET), Federal University of Mato Grosso (UFMT), Cuiabá, MT, Brazil
| | - Daniel Moura de Aguiar
- Laboratory of Virology and Rickettsiosis, Veterinary Hospital (HOVET), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine (FAVET), Federal University of Mato Grosso (UFMT), Cuiabá, MT, Brazil. .,Laboratório de Virologia e Rickettsioses, Hospital Veterinário da Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, Av. Fernando Corrêa, 2367, Boa Esperança, Cuiabá, MT, 78060-900, Brazil.
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12
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Kapiya J, Nalubamba KS, Kaimoyo E, Changula K, Chidumayo N, Saasa N, Simuunza MC, Takada A, Mweene AS, Chitanga S, Simulundu E. First genetic detection and characterization of canine parvovirus from diarrheic dogs in Zambia. Arch Virol 2018; 164:303-307. [PMID: 30311077 DOI: 10.1007/s00705-018-4068-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2018] [Accepted: 09/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Although canine parvovirus (CPV) causes severe gastroenteritis in dogs globally, information on the molecular epidemiology of the virus is lacking in many African countries. Here, 32 fecal samples collected from diarrheic dogs in Zambia were tested for CPV infection using molecular assays. CPV was detected in 23 samples (71.9%). Genetic characterization revealed the predominance of CPV-2c (91.3%). This finding differs from previous reports in Africa, which indicated that CPV-2a and CPV-2b were most prevalent. Phylogenetically, most Zambian CPVs formed a distinct cluster. This is the first report on the molecular characterization of CPV in Zambia.
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Affiliation(s)
- James Kapiya
- Department of Disease Control, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zambia, PO Box 32379, 10101, Lusaka, Zambia
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Natural Sciences, University of Zambia, 10101, Lusaka, Zambia
| | - King S Nalubamba
- Department of Clinical Studies, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zambia, 10101, Lusaka, Zambia
| | - Evans Kaimoyo
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Natural Sciences, University of Zambia, 10101, Lusaka, Zambia
| | - Katendi Changula
- Department of Paraclinical Studies, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zambia, 10101, Lusaka, Zambia
| | - Nozyechi Chidumayo
- Department of Clinical Studies, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zambia, 10101, Lusaka, Zambia
| | - Ngonda Saasa
- Department of Disease Control, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zambia, PO Box 32379, 10101, Lusaka, Zambia
| | - Martin C Simuunza
- Department of Disease Control, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zambia, PO Box 32379, 10101, Lusaka, Zambia
| | - Ayato Takada
- Department of Disease Control, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zambia, PO Box 32379, 10101, Lusaka, Zambia
- Division of Global Epidemiology, Hokkaido University Research Center for Zoonosis Control, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Aaron S Mweene
- Department of Disease Control, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zambia, PO Box 32379, 10101, Lusaka, Zambia
- Africa Center of Excellence for Infectious Diseases of Humans and Animals, 10101, Lusaka, Zambia
| | - Simbarashe Chitanga
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Health Sciences, University of Zambia, 10101, Lusaka, Zambia
| | - Edgar Simulundu
- Department of Disease Control, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zambia, PO Box 32379, 10101, Lusaka, Zambia.
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13
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Characterization of dog serum virome from Northeastern Brazil. Virology 2018; 525:192-199. [PMID: 30292963 DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2018.09.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2018] [Revised: 09/26/2018] [Accepted: 09/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Domestic dogs share habitats with human, a fact that makes them a potential source of zoonotic viruses. Moreover, knowledge regarding possible bloodborne pathogens is important due to the increasing application of blood transfusion in dogs. In the present study, we evaluated the serum virome of 520 dogs using throughput sequencing (HTS). The serum samples were pooled and sequenced using an Illumina MiSeq platform. Our unbiased method identified prevalent canine pathogens as canine protoparvovirus 1 (canine parvovirus 2), undersearched agents as canine bocaparvovirus 1 (minute virus of canines) and canine circovirus, circular viruses closely related to viruses recently found in human samples, and new parvovirus and anelloviruses. The dog virome described in the present work furthers the knowledge concerning the viral population in domestic animals. The present data includes information regarding viral agents that are potentially transmitted through blood transfusion among dogs.
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14
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Hoang M, Wu HY, Lien YX, Chiou MT, Lin CN. A SimpleProbe ® real-time PCR assay for differentiating the canine parvovirus type 2 genotype. J Clin Lab Anal 2018; 33:e22654. [PMID: 30168193 PMCID: PMC6430354 DOI: 10.1002/jcla.22654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2018] [Revised: 07/28/2018] [Accepted: 07/28/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Canine parvovirus type 2 (CPV‐2) causes an important canine viral disease worldwide. CPV‐2 belongs to the Protoparvovirus genus in the family Parvoviridae. An amino acid change at position 426 of the VP2 protein differentiate types of CPV‐2, designated as CPV‐2a (Asn), CPV‐2b (Asp), and CPV‐2c (Glu). In this study, we compared CPV‐2 genotyping results obtained by SimpleProbe® real‐time PCR and DNA sequencing analysis to identify the accuracy and sensitivity of these methods. Methods One hundred rectal swabs were collected from CPV‐2 naturally infected dogs from 2015 to 2017 at the Animal Disease Diagnostic Center, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology. CPV‐2 genotyping was performed by SimpleProbe® real‐time PCR and DNA sequencing to compare results. Results CPV‐2a (n = 23), 2b (n = 6) and 2c (n = 71) genotyping results obtained by both techniques were identical with specificity of 100% for SimpleProbe® assay. In the SimpleProbe® assay, amplifying the DNAs prepared from the clinical specimens showed three distinct melting curve peaks. CPV‐2b had the highest melting peak of 57.8°C (CI 95%: 57.7‐58.5°C) followed by CPV‐2c with a slightly lower melting peak of 52.3°C (CI 95%: 52.2‐53.2°C) and CPV‐2a with the lowest peak of 50.2°C (CI 95%: 50.1‐50.5°C). Conclusion This study developed a novel method for genotyping CPV‐2 strains using the SimpleProbe® real‐time PCR assay. This assay is a reliable and sensitive tool for differentiating between the CPV‐2a, 2b and 2c and this technique can be used for molecular CPV‐2 epidemiology studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minh Hoang
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung, Taiwan.,Department of Anatomy and Histology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Vietnam National University of Agriculture, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Hung-Yi Wu
- Graduate Institute of Veterinary Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, National Chung-Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Ying-Xiu Lien
- Animal Disease Diagnostic Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Tang Chiou
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung, Taiwan.,Animal Disease Diagnostic Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung, Taiwan.,Research Center for Animal Biologics, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung, Taiwan
| | - Chao-Nan Lin
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung, Taiwan.,Animal Disease Diagnostic Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung, Taiwan
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15
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Grecco S, Iraola G, Decaro N, Alfieri A, Alfieri A, Gallo Calderón M, da Silva AP, Name D, Aldaz J, Calleros L, Marandino A, Tomás G, Maya L, Francia L, Panzera Y, Pérez R. Inter- and intracontinental migrations and local differentiation have shaped the contemporary epidemiological landscape of canine parvovirus in South America. Virus Evol 2018; 4:vey011. [PMID: 29657837 PMCID: PMC5892152 DOI: 10.1093/ve/vey011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Canine parvovirus (CPV) is a fast-evolving single-stranded DNA virus that causes one of the most significant infectious diseases of dogs. Although the virus dispersed over long distances in the past, current populations are considered to be spatially confined and with only a few instances of migration between specific localities. It is unclear whether these dynamics occur in South America where global studies have not been performed. The aim of this study is to analyze the patterns of genetic variability in South American CPV populations and explore their evolutionary relationships with global strains. Genomic sequences of sixty-three strains from South America and Europe were generated and analyzed using a phylodynamic approach. All the obtained strains belong to the CPV-2a lineage and associate with global strains in four monophyletic groups or clades. European and South American strains from all the countries here analyzed are representative of a widely distributed clade (Eur-I) that emerged in Southern Europe during 1990–98 to later spread to South America in the early 2000s. The emergence and spread of the Eur-I clade were correlated with a significant rise in the CPV effective population size in Europe and South America. The Asia-I clade includes strains from Asia and Uruguay. This clade originated in Asia during the late 1980s and evolved locally before spreading to South America during 2009–10. The third clade (Eur-II) comprises strains from Italy, Brazil, and Ecuador. This clade appears in South America as a consequence of an early introduction from Italy to Ecuador in the middle 1980s and has experienced extensive local genetic differentiation. Some strains from Argentina, Uruguay, and Brazil constitute an exclusive South American clade (SA-I) that emerged in Argentina in the 1990s. These results indicate that the current epidemiological scenario is a consequence of inter- and intracontinental migrations of strains with different geographic and temporal origins that set the conditions for competition and local differentiation of CPV populations. The coexistence and interaction of highly divergent strains are the main responsible for the drastic epidemiological changes observed in South America in the last two decades. This highlights the threat of invasion from external sources and the importance of whole-genome resolution to robustly infer the origin and spread of new CPV variants. From a taxonomic standpoint, the findings herein show that the classification system that uses a single amino acid to identify variants (2a, 2b, and 2c) within the CPV-2a lineage does not reflect phylogenetic relationships and is not suitable to analyze CPV evolution. In this regard, the identification of clades or sublineages within circulating CPV strains is the first step towards a genetic and evolutionary classification of the virus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofía Grecco
- Sección Genética Evolutiva, Departamento de Biología Animal, Instituto de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de la República, Iguá 4225, 11400 Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Gregorio Iraola
- Sección Genética Evolutiva, Departamento de Biología Animal, Instituto de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de la República, Iguá 4225, 11400 Montevideo, Uruguay.,Unidad de Bioinformática, Institut Pasteur Montevideo, Mataojo 2020, 11400 Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Nicola Decaro
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Bari, Strada Provinciale per Casamassima Km 3, 70010 Valenzano, Bari, Italy
| | - Alice Alfieri
- Laboratory of Animal Virology, Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, PO Box 6001, Rodovia Celso Garcia Cid, PR 445 Km 380, Londrina, Paraná 86051-990, Brazil
| | - Amauri Alfieri
- Laboratory of Animal Virology, Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, PO Box 6001, Rodovia Celso Garcia Cid, PR 445 Km 380, Londrina, Paraná 86051-990, Brazil
| | - Marina Gallo Calderón
- Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología Dr. Cesar Milstein, CONICET, Saladillo 2468, C1440FFX Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Ana Paula da Silva
- Laboratory of Animal Virology, Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, PO Box 6001, Rodovia Celso Garcia Cid, PR 445 Km 380, Londrina, Paraná 86051-990, Brazil
| | - Daniela Name
- Sección Genética Evolutiva, Departamento de Biología Animal, Instituto de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de la República, Iguá 4225, 11400 Montevideo, Uruguay.,Laboratory of Animal Virology, Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, PO Box 6001, Rodovia Celso Garcia Cid, PR 445 Km 380, Londrina, Paraná 86051-990, Brazil
| | - Jaime Aldaz
- Escuela de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Universidad Estatal de Bolívar, Av. Ernesto Che Guevara s/n. Guaranda, Ecuador
| | - Lucía Calleros
- Sección Genética Evolutiva, Departamento de Biología Animal, Instituto de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de la República, Iguá 4225, 11400 Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Ana Marandino
- Sección Genética Evolutiva, Departamento de Biología Animal, Instituto de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de la República, Iguá 4225, 11400 Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Gonzalo Tomás
- Sección Genética Evolutiva, Departamento de Biología Animal, Instituto de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de la República, Iguá 4225, 11400 Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Leticia Maya
- Sección Genética Evolutiva, Departamento de Biología Animal, Instituto de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de la República, Iguá 4225, 11400 Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Lourdes Francia
- Sección Genética Evolutiva, Departamento de Biología Animal, Instituto de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de la República, Iguá 4225, 11400 Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Yanina Panzera
- Sección Genética Evolutiva, Departamento de Biología Animal, Instituto de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de la República, Iguá 4225, 11400 Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Ruben Pérez
- Sección Genética Evolutiva, Departamento de Biología Animal, Instituto de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de la República, Iguá 4225, 11400 Montevideo, Uruguay
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16
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Identification of enteric viruses circulating in a dog population with low vaccine coverage. Braz J Microbiol 2018; 49:790-794. [PMID: 29588198 PMCID: PMC6175709 DOI: 10.1016/j.bjm.2018.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2017] [Revised: 02/05/2018] [Accepted: 02/14/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Although the use of vaccines has controlled enteric diseases in dogs in many developed countries, vaccine coverage is still under optimal situation in Brazil. There is a large population of nonimmunized dogs and few studies about the identification of the viruses associated with diarrhea. To address this situation, stool samples from 325 dogs were analyzed by polymerase chain reaction for the detection of common enteric viruses such as Canine adenovirus (CAdV), Canine coronavirus (CCoV), Canine distemper virus (CDV), Canine rotavirus (CRV) and Carnivorous protoparvovirus 1 (canine parvovirus 2; CPV-2). At least one of these species was detected in 56.6% (184/325) of the samples. The viruses detected most frequently in either diarrheic or nondiarrheic dog feces were CPV-2 (54.3% of the positive samples), CDV (45.1%) and CCoV (30.4%), followed by CRV (8.2%) and CAdV (4.9%). Only one agent was detected in the majority of the positive samples (63%), but co-infections were present in 37% of the positive samples and mainly included CDV and CPV-2. The data presented herein can improve the clinical knowledge in regions with low vaccine coverage and highlight the need to improve the methods used to control these infectious diseases in domestic dogs.
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17
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Pereira GQ, Gomes LA, Santos IS, Alfieri AF, Weese JS, Costa MC. Fecal microbiota transplantation in puppies with canine parvovirus infection. J Vet Intern Med 2018; 32:707-711. [PMID: 29460302 PMCID: PMC5867004 DOI: 10.1111/jvim.15072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2017] [Revised: 12/21/2017] [Accepted: 01/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diarrhea associated with parvovirus infection is common in dogs. Supportive care is the mainstay of treatment, but recovery may be prolonged and mortality rate can be high. Modification of the intestinal bacterial microbiota has been promising in human and veterinary medicine as an adjunctive treatment of various enteric diseases. OBJECTIVES To investigate the safety and efficacy of fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) on the clinical recovery of puppies with acute hemorrhagic diarrhea syndrome. ANIMALS Sixty-six puppies with parvovirus infection were evaluated at 2 veterinary hospitals. METHODS Randomized clinical trial. Puppies were randomly distributed into 2 groups: standard treatment (STD) and standard treatment + FMT (STD + FMT). The STD puppies (n = 33) received only treatment with IV fluids and antimicrobials and the STD + FMT puppies (n = 33) received FMT in addition to standard treatment. For FMT, 10 g of feces from a healthy dog diluted in 10 mL of saline were administered rectally 6-12 hours post-admission. RESULTS Among survivors, treatment with FMT was associated with faster resolution of diarrhea (P < .001) and shorter hospitalization time (P = .001; median, 3 days in STD + FMT; median, 6 days in STD) compared to standard treatment. Mortality in STD was 36.4% (12/33) as compared to 21.2% (7/33) in puppies treated with FMT, but there was no statistical difference between groups (P = .174). Polymerase chain reaction indicated that all animals carried canine parvovirus, strain CPV-2b. CONCLUSIONS Fecal microbiota transplantation in parvovirus-infected puppies was associated with faster resolution of diarrhea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giorgio Q. Pereira
- Department of Clinical StudiesUniversidade Estadual de LondrinaLondrinaParanáBrazil
| | - Lucas A. Gomes
- Department of Clinical StudiesUniversidade Estadual de LondrinaLondrinaParanáBrazil
| | - Iago S. Santos
- Department of Clinical StudiesUniversidade Estadual de LondrinaLondrinaParanáBrazil
| | - Alice F. Alfieri
- Department of Preventive Veterinary MedicineUniversidade Estadual de LondrinaLondrinaParanáBrazil
| | - J. S. Weese
- Department of Clinical Studies, Ontario Veterinary CollegeUniversity of GuelphGuelph, OntarioCanada
| | - Marcio C. Costa
- Departement of Veterinary Biomedicine, Faculté de Médecine VétérinaireUniversité de MontréalSaint‐HyacintheQuebecCanada
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Quino Quispe R, Luna Espinoza L, Rímac Beltrán R, Rosadio Alcántara R, Maturrano Hernández L. Canine parvovirus types 2a and 2c detection from dogs with suspected parvoviral enteritis in Peru. Virusdisease 2018; 29:109-112. [PMID: 29607368 DOI: 10.1007/s13337-018-0425-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2017] [Accepted: 01/13/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Canine parvovirus type 2 (CPV-2) has been reported worldwide as the main agent related to acute hemorrhagic enteritis of high morbidity and variable mortality in puppies. The detection and characterization of this virus is essential to understand the etiology of the disease and to develop control measures. To characterize the virus circulating in Peruvian dogs and to provide new insights into the local diversity of CPV-2, rectal swabs from 39 puppies with clinical symptoms and with no history of previous vaccinations were analyzed. Total DNA was extracted by fast boiling method, and PCR and sequencing were performed using specific primers that amplify a 1316 bp fragment corresponding to the VP2 gene of CPV-2. CPV-2 was detected in 62% of the analyzed samples. The sequencing of PCR product was possible in 9 samples, which were identified as type 2a (4 samples) and type 2c (5 samples). A phylogenetic analysis of both variants circulating in Peruvian dogs showed similarities to Equatorian and Uruguayan strains. This work constitutes the first report about genetic characterization of CPV-2 in Peru.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raquel Quino Quispe
- Biology and Molecular Genetics Laboratory, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Av. Circunvalación s/n cuadra 28 San Borja, Lima, Peru
| | - Luis Luna Espinoza
- Biology and Molecular Genetics Laboratory, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Av. Circunvalación s/n cuadra 28 San Borja, Lima, Peru
| | - Rocío Rímac Beltrán
- Biology and Molecular Genetics Laboratory, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Av. Circunvalación s/n cuadra 28 San Borja, Lima, Peru
| | - Raúl Rosadio Alcántara
- Biology and Molecular Genetics Laboratory, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Av. Circunvalación s/n cuadra 28 San Borja, Lima, Peru
| | - Lenin Maturrano Hernández
- Biology and Molecular Genetics Laboratory, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Av. Circunvalación s/n cuadra 28 San Borja, Lima, Peru
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Oliveira PSD, Cargnelutti JF, Masuda EK, Fighera RA, Kommers GD, Silva MCD, Weiblen R, Flores EF. Epidemiological, clinical and pathological features of canine parvovirus 2c infection in dogs from southern Brazil. PESQUISA VETERINARIA BRASILEIRA 2018. [DOI: 10.1590/1678-5150-pvb-5122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT: Canine parvovirus type 2c (CPV-2c) emerged in Europe in the early 2000’s and rapidly spread out worldwide. Clinical and molecular data have demonstrated its circulation in Brazilian dogs, yet detailed descriptions of cases are still lacking. This article describes the epidemiological, clinical and pathological features of 24 cases of CPV-2c-associated disease in dogs submitted to veterinary clinics and laboratory diagnosis in southern Brazil (2014-2016). Most affected dogs presented signs/lesions suggestive of parvovirus enteritis: diarrhea, vomiting, hyperemia and hemorrhage of the serous membrane of the small intestine, diffuse segmental granulation, atrophy of the villi, necrosis and fusion of crypts, squamous metaplasia and epithelial syncytia. A number of cases presented features divergent from the classical presentations, including a wide variation in the color of feces (reddish and/or yellowish, light-brownish, orange-brown and brownish), involvement of adults (4/24) and vaccinated dogs (12/24), extensive involvement of the small intestine (8/20) and the presence of pulmonary edema (7/24) and convulsions (3/24). Feces and intestinal fragments submitted to PCR for the CPV-2 VP2 gene and to virus isolation in cell culture yielded positive results in 100% and 58.3% (14/24) of the cases, respectively. Nucleotide sequencing revealed a high nucleotide identity in VP2 (99.4 to 100%) and a consistent mutation at amino acid 426 (asparagine to glutamic acid), considered a signature of CPV-2c. These results confirm the involvement of CPV-2c in the described cases and demonstrate the importance of CPV-2c infection among Brazilian dogs, calling attention of veterinarians to correctly diagnose the disease, mainly considering the frequent atypical presentations.
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Clark NJ, Seddon JM, Kyaw-Tanner M, Al-Alawneh J, Harper G, McDonagh P, Meers J. Emergence of canine parvovirus subtype 2b (CPV-2b) infections in Australian dogs. INFECTION GENETICS AND EVOLUTION 2017; 58:50-55. [PMID: 29253672 DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2017.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2017] [Revised: 12/13/2017] [Accepted: 12/14/2017] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Tracing the temporal dynamics of pathogens is crucial for developing strategies to detect and limit disease emergence. Canine parvovirus (CPV-2) is an enteric virus causing morbidity and mortality in dogs around the globe. Previous work in Australia reported that the majority of cases were associated with the CPV-2a subtype, an unexpected finding since CPV-2a was rapidly replaced by another subtype (CPV-2b) in many countries. Using a nine-year dataset of CPV-2 infections from 396 dogs sampled across Australia, we assessed the population dynamics and molecular epidemiology of circulating CPV-2 subtypes. Bayesian phylogenetic Skygrid models and logistic regressions were used to trace the temporal dynamics of CPV-2 infections in dogs sampled from 2007 to 2016. Phylogenetic models indicated that CPV-2a likely emerged in Australia between 1973 and 1988, while CPV-2b likely emerged between 1985 and 1998. Sequences from both subtypes were found in dogs across continental Australia and Tasmania, with no apparent effect of climate variability on subtype occurrence. Both variant subtypes exhibited a classical disease emergence pattern of relatively high rates of evolution during early emergence followed by subsequent decreases in evolutionary rates over time. However, the CPV-2b subtype maintained higher mutation rates than CPV-2a and continued to expand, resulting in an increase in the probability that dogs will carry this subtype over time. Ongoing monitoring programs that provide molecular epidemiology surveillance will be necessary to detect emergence of new variants and make informed recommendations to develop reliable detection and vaccine methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas J Clark
- School of Veterinary Science, University of Queensland, Gatton, Queensland 4343, Australia.
| | - Jennifer M Seddon
- School of Veterinary Science, University of Queensland, Gatton, Queensland 4343, Australia
| | - Myat Kyaw-Tanner
- School of Veterinary Science, University of Queensland, Gatton, Queensland 4343, Australia
| | - John Al-Alawneh
- School of Veterinary Science, University of Queensland, Gatton, Queensland 4343, Australia
| | - Gavin Harper
- Boehringer Ingelheim Pty Limited, North Ryde, NSW 2113, Australia
| | - Phillip McDonagh
- Boehringer Ingelheim Pty Limited, North Ryde, NSW 2113, Australia
| | - Joanne Meers
- School of Veterinary Science, University of Queensland, Gatton, Queensland 4343, Australia
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Molecular characterization of canine parvovirus and canine enteric coronavirus in diarrheic dogs on the island of St. Kitts: First report from the Caribbean region. Virus Res 2017; 240:154-160. [PMID: 28847699 PMCID: PMC7114545 DOI: 10.1016/j.virusres.2017.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2017] [Revised: 07/10/2017] [Accepted: 08/21/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Although canine parvovirus (CPV) and canine enteric coronavirus (CCoV) are important enteric pathogens of dogs and have been studied extensively in different parts of the world, there are no reports on these viruses from the Caribbean region. During 2015–2016, a total of 104 diarrheic fecal samples were collected from puppies and adult dogs, with or without hemorrhagic gastroenteritis, on the Caribbean island of St. Kitts (KNA). By PCR, 25 (24%, n = 104) samples tested positive for CPV. Based on analysis of the complete deduced VP2 amino acid sequences, 20 of the KNA CPV strains were assigned to new CPV-2a (also designated as CPV-2a-297A). On the other hand, the VP2 genes of the remaining 5 strains were partially characterized, or could not be sequenced. New CPV-2a was the predominant CPV variant in St. Kitts, contrasting the molecular epidemiology of CPV variants reported in most studies from nearby North and South American countries. By RT-PCR, CCoVs were detected in 5 samples (4.8%, n = 104). Based on analysis of partial M-protein gene, the KNA CCoV strains were assigned to CCoV-I genotype, and were closely related to CCoV-I strains from Brazil. To our knowledge, this is the first report on detection and genetic diversity of CPV and CCoV in dogs from the Caribbean region, and underscores the importance of similar studies in the other Caribbean islands.
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22
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Silva ROS, Dorella FA, Figueiredo HCP, Costa ÉA, Pelicia V, Ribeiro BLD, Ribeiro MG, Paes AC, Megid J, Lobato FCF. Clostridium perfringens and C. difficile in parvovirus-positive dogs. Anaerobe 2017; 48:66-69. [PMID: 28733230 PMCID: PMC7110995 DOI: 10.1016/j.anaerobe.2017.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2017] [Revised: 07/14/2017] [Accepted: 07/17/2017] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate Clostridium difficile and Clostridium perfringens in 82 diarrheic dogs positive for canine parvovirus type 2 (CPV). Enterotoxigenic C. perfringens type A was isolated from three (3.6%) dogs. One (1.2%) strain was also positive for NetE- and NetF-encoding genes, which are commonly associated with diarrhea in dogs. Toxigenic C. difficile was isolated from one animal (1.2%), which was also positive for A/B toxins. The present study identified C. difficile and C. perfringens infection in CPV-positive dogs. Further studies are necessary to clarify if clostridial infections may predispose or potentiate CPV-infection in dogs or vice versa. The co-infection of canine parvovirus (CPV) and toxigenic clostridia is still poorly understood. 82 CPV-positive dogs were tested for C. perfringens netF+ and C. difficile infection (CDI). C. perfringens type A positive for NetF-encoding gene (netF) was recovered from an adult dog (1.2%). C. difficile was isolated from ten 12.2% (10/82) dogs, but in only one CDI was confirmed. To our knowledge, this is the first study that report C. perfringen netF positive in CPV-positive dogs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo Otávio Silveira Silva
- Veterinary School, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Av. Antônio Carlos, 6627, Belo Horizonte, MG, CEP 31.270-901, Brazil.
| | - Fernanda Alves Dorella
- Veterinary School, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Av. Antônio Carlos, 6627, Belo Horizonte, MG, CEP 31.270-901, Brazil
| | - Henrique Cesar Pereira Figueiredo
- Veterinary School, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Av. Antônio Carlos, 6627, Belo Horizonte, MG, CEP 31.270-901, Brazil
| | - Érica Azevedo Costa
- Veterinary School, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Av. Antônio Carlos, 6627, Belo Horizonte, MG, CEP 31.270-901, Brazil
| | - Vanessa Pelicia
- UNESP-São Paulo State University, Department of Veterinary Hygiene and Public Health, Botucatu, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Marcio Garcia Ribeiro
- UNESP-São Paulo State University, Department of Veterinary Hygiene and Public Health, Botucatu, SP, Brazil
| | - Antonio Carlos Paes
- UNESP-São Paulo State University, Department of Veterinary Hygiene and Public Health, Botucatu, SP, Brazil
| | - Jane Megid
- UNESP-São Paulo State University, Department of Veterinary Hygiene and Public Health, Botucatu, SP, Brazil
| | - Francisco Carlos Faria Lobato
- Veterinary School, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Av. Antônio Carlos, 6627, Belo Horizonte, MG, CEP 31.270-901, Brazil
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Monteiro K, Allendorf SD, Vicente AF, Appolinário CM, Peres MG, Cortez A, Heinemann MB, Megid J. Viral type characterization and clinical aspects of canine parvovirus in naturally infected dogs in São Paulo State, Brazil. PESQUISA VETERINARIA BRASILEIRA 2016. [DOI: 10.1590/s0100-736x2016001200007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT: Since the first isolation of canine parvovirus type 2 (CPV-2) in late 70’s new virus types as CPV-2a and CPV-2b have been emerged and becoming prevalent in natural canine population and more recently, a third subtype was identified , CPV-2c. The main purpose of this study was to detect and characterize canine parvovirus currently present in Central-West region of São Paulo state, in Brazil. Fecal samples were collected of vaccinated and non-vaccinated dogs, clinically suspected of having CPV infection brought to the Infectious Diseases Service, Veterinary Hospital of FMVZ-UNESP. All samples (n=30) were screening for canine parvovirus through hemagglutination test and those resulting as positive (n=20) were submitted to PCR and the products were subsequently sequenced for subtype characterization. Results were tested for association with age, hematological values, viral hemagglutination titers in the feces, vaccination status and survival. Leukopenia was found in all animals, death occurred in 30% of unvaccinated dogs and in 42% of vaccinated ones. In a total of 20 positive sequenced samples, 18 were classified as CPV-2b, one as CPV-2c, and one as CPV-2a, being CPV2a and CPV2c detected in unvaccinated puppies. Compared to the reference samples amino acid change at position 426 in those circling virus was identified. The study results demonstrate the predominance of CPV-2b and the presence of CPV-2a and CPV-2c in naturally infected, vaccinated and unvaccinated dogs in in São Paulo region.
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Chiang SY, Wu HY, Chiou MT, Chang MC, Lin CN. Identification of a novel canine parvovirus type 2c in Taiwan. Virol J 2016; 13:160. [PMID: 27663840 PMCID: PMC5035481 DOI: 10.1186/s12985-016-0620-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2016] [Accepted: 09/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Taiwan has been considered free from canine parvovirus type 2c (CPV-2c) based on the last report of canine parvovirus type 2 (CPV-2) surveillance. However, since January 2015, the first report of CPV-2c in a puppy has occurred in Taiwan. There is currently limited information about the CPV-2c variant in Taiwan. In the present study, we characterized the previously unidentified CPV-2c variant and investigated the distribution of CPV-2 variants in Taiwan. Methods During January 2014 to April 2016, fecal or rectal swab samples from 99 dogs with suspected CPV-2 infection in Taiwan were collected. Eighty-eight were identified as being either CPV-2a, −2b or -2c variants positive by real-time PCR and sequence analysis. Results Sequence analysis of the 88 isolates confirmed CPV-2c as the dominant variant (54.6 %), followed by CPV-2b (26.1 %) and CPV-2a (19.3 %). Phylogenetic analysis demonstrated that the recent CPV-2c variants are similar to the Chinese CPV-2c strain but can be considered as novel Asian CPV-2c isolates. Conclusion The present study provides evidence for the existence of a novel CPV-2c variant in Taiwan. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12985-016-0620-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Yun Chiang
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung, Taiwan
| | - Hung-Yi Wu
- Graduate Institute of Veterinary Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, National Chung-Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Tang Chiou
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung, Taiwan.,Animal Disease Diagnostic Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung, Taiwan
| | - Min-Chen Chang
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung, Taiwan
| | - Chao-Nan Lin
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung, Taiwan. .,Animal Disease Diagnostic Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung, Taiwan.
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Sharma S, Dhar P, Thakur A, Sharma V, Sharma M. First detection of canine parvovirus type 2b from diarrheic dogs in Himachal Pradesh. Vet World 2016; 9:964-969. [PMID: 27733797 PMCID: PMC5057035 DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2016.964-969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2016] [Accepted: 08/05/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: The present study was conducted to detect the presence of canine parvovirus (CPV) among diarrheic dogs in Himachal Pradesh and to identify the most prevalent antigenic variant of CPV based on molecular typing and sequence analysis of VP2 gene. Materials and Methods: A total of 102 fecal samples were collected from clinical cases of diarrhea or hemorrhagic gastroenteritis from CPV vaccinated or non-vaccinated dogs. Samples were tested using CPV-specific polymerase chain reaction (PCR) targeting VP2 gene, multiplex PCR for detection of CPV-2a and CPV-2b antigenic variants, and a PCR for the detection of CPV-2c. CPV-2b isolate was cultured on Madin-Darby canine kidney (MDCK) cell lines and sequenced using VP2 structural protein gene. Multiple alignment and phylogenetic analysis was done using ClustalW and MEGA6 and inferred using the Neighbor-Joining method. Results: No sample was found positive for the original CPV strain usually present in the vaccine. However, about 50% (52 out of 102) of the samples were found to be positive with CPV-2ab PCR assay that detects newer variants of CPV circulating in the field. In addition, multiplex PCR assay that identifies both CPV-2ab and CPV-2b revealed that CPV-2b was the major antigenic variant present in the affected dogs. A PCR positive isolate of CPV-2b was adapted to grow in MDCK cells and produced characteristic cytopathic effect after 5th passage. Multiple sequence alignment of VP2 structural gene of CPV-2b isolate (Accession number HG004610) used in the study was found to be similar to other sequenced isolates in NCBI sequence database and showed 98-99% homology. Conclusion: This study reports the first detection of CPV-2b in dogs with hemorrhagic gastroenteritis in Himachal Pradesh and absence of other antigenic types of CPV. Further, CPV-specific PCR assay can be used for rapid confirmation of circulating virus strains under field conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shalini Sharma
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology, Dr. G. C. Negi College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Chaudhary Sarwan Kumar Himachal Pradesh Krishi Vishvavidyalaya, Palampur - 176 062, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Prasenjit Dhar
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology, Dr. G. C. Negi College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Chaudhary Sarwan Kumar Himachal Pradesh Krishi Vishvavidyalaya, Palampur - 176 062, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Aneesh Thakur
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology, Dr. G. C. Negi College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Chaudhary Sarwan Kumar Himachal Pradesh Krishi Vishvavidyalaya, Palampur - 176 062, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Vivek Sharma
- Department of Microbiology, College of Basic Sciences, Chaudhary Sarwan Kumar Himachal Pradesh Krishi Vishvavidyalaya, Palampur - 176 062, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Mandeep Sharma
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology, Dr. G. C. Negi College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Chaudhary Sarwan Kumar Himachal Pradesh Krishi Vishvavidyalaya, Palampur - 176 062, Himachal Pradesh, India
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Miranda C, Thompson G. Canine parvovirus: the worldwide occurrence of antigenic variants. J Gen Virol 2016; 97:2043-2057. [PMID: 27389721 DOI: 10.1099/jgv.0.000540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 131] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
The most important enteric virus infecting canids is canine parvovirus type 2 (CPV-2). CPV is the aetiologic agent of a contagious disease, mainly characterized by clinical gastroenteritis signs in younger dogs. CPV-2 emerged as a new virus in the late 1970s, which could infect domestic dogs, and became distributed in the global dog population within 2 years. A few years later, the virus's original type was replaced by a new genetic and antigenic variant, called CPV-2a. Around 1984 and 2000, virus variants with the single change to Asp or Glu in the VP2 residue 426 were detected (sometimes termed CPV-2b and -2c). The genetic and antigenic changes in the variants have also been correlated with changes in their host range; in particular, in the ability to replicate in cats and also host range differences in canine and other tissue culture cells. CPV-2 variants have been circulating among wild carnivores and have been well-documented in several countries around the world. Here, we have reviewed and summarized the current information about the worldwide distribution and evolution of CPV-2 variants since they emerged, as well as the host ranges they are associated with.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla Miranda
- Department of Veterinary Clinics, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas de Abel Salazar (ICBAS), Universidade do Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.,Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos (CIBIO), InBio, Laboratório Associado, Universidade do Porto, 4485-661 Vairão, Portugal
| | - Gertrude Thompson
- Department of Veterinary Clinics, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas de Abel Salazar (ICBAS), Universidade do Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.,Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos (CIBIO), InBio, Laboratório Associado, Universidade do Porto, 4485-661 Vairão, Portugal
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Molecular epidemiology of canine parvovirus in Morocco. INFECTION GENETICS AND EVOLUTION 2016; 41:201-206. [PMID: 27083072 DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2016.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2015] [Revised: 04/02/2016] [Accepted: 04/06/2016] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Since it first emergence in the mid-1970's, canine parvovirus 2 (CPV-2) has evolved giving rise to new antigenic variants termed CPV-2a, CPV-2b and CPV-2c, which have completely replaced the original strain and had been variously distributed worldwide. In Africa limited data are available on epidemiological prevalence of these new types. Hence, the aim of the present study was to determine circulating variants in Morocco. Through TaqMan-based real-time PCR assay, 91 samples, collected from symptomatic dogs originating from various cities between 2011 and 2015, were diagnosed. Positive specimens were characterised by means of minor groove binder (MGB) probe PCR. The results showed that all samples but one (98.9%) were CPV positive, of which 1 (1.1%) was characterised as CPV-2a, 43 (47.7%) as CPV-2b and 39 (43.3%) as CPV-2c. Interestingly, a co-infection with CPV-2b and CPV-2c was detected in 4 (4.4%) samples and 3 (3.3%) samples were not characterised. Sequencing of the full VP2 gene revealed these 3 uncharacterised strains as CPV-2c, displaying a change G4068A responsible for the replacement of aspartic acid with asparagine at residue 427, impacting the MGB probe binding. In this work we provide a better understanding of the current status of prevailing CPV strains in northern Africa.
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Pedroza-Roldán C, Páez-Magallan V, Charles-Niño C, Elizondo-Quiroga D, De Cervantes-Mireles RL, López-Amezcua MA. Genotyping of Canine parvovirus in western Mexico. J Vet Diagn Invest 2015; 27:107-11. [PMID: 25525144 DOI: 10.1177/1040638714559969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Canine parvovirus (CPV) is one of the most common infectious agents related to high morbidity rates in dogs. In addition, the virus is associated with severe gastroenteritis, diarrhea, and vomiting, resulting in high death rates, especially in puppies and nonvaccinated dogs. To date, there are 3 variants of the virus (CPV-2a, CPV-2b, and CPV-2c) circulating worldwide. In Mexico, reports describing the viral variants circulating in dog populations are lacking. In response to this deficiency, a total of 41 fecal samples of suspected dogs were collected from October 2013 through April 2014 in the Veterinary Hospital of the University of Guadalajara in western Mexico. From these, 24 samples resulted positive by polymerase chain reaction, and the viral variant was determined by restriction fragment length polymorphism. Five positive diagnosed samples were selected for partial sequencing of the vp2 gene and codon analysis. The results demonstrated that the current dominant viral variant in Mexico is CPV-2c. The current study describes the genotyping of CPV strains, providing valuable evidence of the dominant frequency of this virus in a dog population from western Mexico.
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Affiliation(s)
- César Pedroza-Roldán
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University Center for Biological and Agricultural Sciences (CUCBA), University of Guadalajara, Zapopan, Jalisco, Mexico (Pedroza-Roldán, Páez-Magallan, De Cervantes-Mireles, López-Amezcua)Department of Microbiology and Pathology, University Center for Health Sciences (CUCS), University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico (Charles-Niño)Medical and Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Unit, Center for Research and Applied Technology in Jalisco (CIATEJ)Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico (Elizondo-Quiroga)
| | - Varinia Páez-Magallan
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University Center for Biological and Agricultural Sciences (CUCBA), University of Guadalajara, Zapopan, Jalisco, Mexico (Pedroza-Roldán, Páez-Magallan, De Cervantes-Mireles, López-Amezcua)Department of Microbiology and Pathology, University Center for Health Sciences (CUCS), University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico (Charles-Niño)Medical and Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Unit, Center for Research and Applied Technology in Jalisco (CIATEJ)Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico (Elizondo-Quiroga)
| | - Claudia Charles-Niño
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University Center for Biological and Agricultural Sciences (CUCBA), University of Guadalajara, Zapopan, Jalisco, Mexico (Pedroza-Roldán, Páez-Magallan, De Cervantes-Mireles, López-Amezcua)Department of Microbiology and Pathology, University Center for Health Sciences (CUCS), University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico (Charles-Niño)Medical and Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Unit, Center for Research and Applied Technology in Jalisco (CIATEJ)Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico (Elizondo-Quiroga)
| | - Darwin Elizondo-Quiroga
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University Center for Biological and Agricultural Sciences (CUCBA), University of Guadalajara, Zapopan, Jalisco, Mexico (Pedroza-Roldán, Páez-Magallan, De Cervantes-Mireles, López-Amezcua)Department of Microbiology and Pathology, University Center for Health Sciences (CUCS), University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico (Charles-Niño)Medical and Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Unit, Center for Research and Applied Technology in Jalisco (CIATEJ)Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico (Elizondo-Quiroga)
| | - Raúl Leonel De Cervantes-Mireles
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University Center for Biological and Agricultural Sciences (CUCBA), University of Guadalajara, Zapopan, Jalisco, Mexico (Pedroza-Roldán, Páez-Magallan, De Cervantes-Mireles, López-Amezcua)Department of Microbiology and Pathology, University Center for Health Sciences (CUCS), University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico (Charles-Niño)Medical and Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Unit, Center for Research and Applied Technology in Jalisco (CIATEJ)Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico (Elizondo-Quiroga)
| | - Mario Alberto López-Amezcua
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University Center for Biological and Agricultural Sciences (CUCBA), University of Guadalajara, Zapopan, Jalisco, Mexico (Pedroza-Roldán, Páez-Magallan, De Cervantes-Mireles, López-Amezcua)Department of Microbiology and Pathology, University Center for Health Sciences (CUCS), University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico (Charles-Niño)Medical and Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Unit, Center for Research and Applied Technology in Jalisco (CIATEJ)Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico (Elizondo-Quiroga)
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Geng Y, Guo D, Li C, Wang E, Wei S, Wang Z, Yao S, Zhao X, Su M, Wang X, Wang J, Wu R, Feng L, Sun D. Co-Circulation of the Rare CPV-2c with Unique Gln370Arg Substitution, New CPV-2b with Unique Thr440Ala Substitution, and New CPV-2a with High Prevalence and Variation in Heilongjiang Province, Northeast China. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0137288. [PMID: 26348721 PMCID: PMC4562665 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0137288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2015] [Accepted: 08/16/2015] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
To trace evolution of canine parvovirus-2 (CPV-2), a total of 201 stool samples were collected from dogs with diarrhea in Heilongjiang province of northeast China from May 2014 to April 2015. The presence of CPV-2 in the samples was determined by PCR amplification of the VP2 gene (568 bp) of CPV-2. The results revealed that 95 samples (47.26%) were positive for CPV-2, and they showed 98.8%–100% nucleotide identity and 97.6%–100% amino acid identity. Of 95 CPV-2-positive samples, types new2a (Ser297Ala), new2b (Ser297Ala), and 2c accounted for 64.21%, 21.05%, and 14.74%, respectively. The positive rate of CPV-2 and the distribution of the new2a, new2b and 2c types exhibited differences among regions, seasons, and ages. Immunized dogs accounted for 48.42% of 95 CPV-2-positive samples. Coinfections with canine coronavirus, canine kobuvirus, and canine bocavirus were identified. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that the identified new2a, new2b, and CPV-2c strains in our study exhibited a close relationship with most of the CPV-2 strains from China; type new2a strains exhibited high variability, forming three subgroups; type new2b and CPV-2c strains formed one group with reference strains from China. Of 95 CPV-2 strains, Tyr324Ile and Thr440Ala substitutions accounted for 100% and 64.21%, respectively; all type new2b strains exhibited the Thr440Ala substitution, while the unique Gln370Arg substitution was found in all type 2c strains. Recombination analysis using entire VP2 gene indicated possible recombination events between the identified CPV-2 strains and reference strains from China. Our data revealed the co-circulation of new CPV-2a, new CPV-2b, and rare CPV-2c, as well as potential recombination events among Chinese CPV-2 strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yufei Geng
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, No. 2 Xinyang Road, Sartu District, Daqing 163319, P. R. China
| | - Donghua Guo
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, No. 2 Xinyang Road, Sartu District, Daqing 163319, P. R. China
| | - Chunqiu Li
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, No. 2 Xinyang Road, Sartu District, Daqing 163319, P. R. China
| | - Enyu Wang
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, No. 2 Xinyang Road, Sartu District, Daqing 163319, P. R. China
| | - Shan Wei
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, No. 2 Xinyang Road, Sartu District, Daqing 163319, P. R. China
| | - Zhihui Wang
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, No. 2 Xinyang Road, Sartu District, Daqing 163319, P. R. China
| | - Shuang Yao
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, No. 2 Xinyang Road, Sartu District, Daqing 163319, P. R. China
| | - Xiwen Zhao
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, No. 2 Xinyang Road, Sartu District, Daqing 163319, P. R. China
| | - Mingjun Su
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, No. 2 Xinyang Road, Sartu District, Daqing 163319, P. R. China
| | - Xinyu Wang
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, No. 2 Xinyang Road, Sartu District, Daqing 163319, P. R. China
| | - Jianfa Wang
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, No. 2 Xinyang Road, Sartu District, Daqing 163319, P. R. China
| | - Rui Wu
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, No. 2 Xinyang Road, Sartu District, Daqing 163319, P. R. China
| | - Li Feng
- National Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No. 427 Maduan Street, Nangang District, Harbin 150001, P. R. China
| | - Dongbo Sun
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, No. 2 Xinyang Road, Sartu District, Daqing 163319, P. R. China
- * E-mail:
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Zhao H, Wang J, Jiang Y, Cheng Y, Lin P, Zhu H, Han G, Yi L, Zhang S, Guo L, Cheng S. Typing of Canine Parvovirus Strains Circulating in North-East China. Transbound Emerg Dis 2015; 64:495-503. [DOI: 10.1111/tbed.12390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- H. Zhao
- State Key Laboratory for Molecular Biology of Special Economic Animals; Institute of Special Animal and Plant Sciences; Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences; Changchun China
| | - J. Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Molecular Biology of Special Economic Animals; Institute of Special Animal and Plant Sciences; Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences; Changchun China
| | - Y. Jiang
- Northeast Agricultural University; Harbin China
| | - Y. Cheng
- State Key Laboratory for Molecular Biology of Special Economic Animals; Institute of Special Animal and Plant Sciences; Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences; Changchun China
| | - P. Lin
- State Key Laboratory for Molecular Biology of Special Economic Animals; Institute of Special Animal and Plant Sciences; Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences; Changchun China
| | - H. Zhu
- State Key Laboratory for Molecular Biology of Special Economic Animals; Institute of Special Animal and Plant Sciences; Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences; Changchun China
| | - G. Han
- Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute; Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences; Lanzhou China
| | - L. Yi
- State Key Laboratory for Molecular Biology of Special Economic Animals; Institute of Special Animal and Plant Sciences; Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences; Changchun China
| | - S. Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Molecular Biology of Special Economic Animals; Institute of Special Animal and Plant Sciences; Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences; Changchun China
| | - L. Guo
- State Key Laboratory for Molecular Biology of Special Economic Animals; Institute of Special Animal and Plant Sciences; Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences; Changchun China
| | - S. Cheng
- State Key Laboratory for Molecular Biology of Special Economic Animals; Institute of Special Animal and Plant Sciences; Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences; Changchun China
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Influence of clinical and laboratory variables on faecal antigen ELISA results in dogs with canine parvovirus infection. Vet J 2015; 204:304-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2015.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2014] [Revised: 03/05/2015] [Accepted: 03/07/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Kantere MC, Athanasiou LV, Spyrou V, Kyriakis CS, Kontos V, Chatzopoulos DC, Tsokana CN, Billinis C. Diagnostic performance of a rapid in-clinic test for the detection of Canine Parvovirus under different storage conditions and vaccination status. J Virol Methods 2015; 215-216:52-5. [PMID: 25707551 PMCID: PMC7119840 DOI: 10.1016/j.jviromet.2015.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2014] [Revised: 01/18/2015] [Accepted: 02/02/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Quick laboratory confirmation of parvoenteritis is important to start treatment. In-clinic tests are quick and simple in use. A positive rapid test result almost certainly indicates the presence of the virus. Vaccination status and storage condition affects the results of the in-clinic test.
Canine parvovirus (CPV) is one of the most common causes of acute haemorrhagic enteritis in young dogs, while clinical diagnosis is often indecisive. The aim of our study was to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of an in-clinic rapid test in the detection of CPV infection in dogs. To this end, we compared the Rapid Diagnostic Kit of Canine Parvovirus, Coronavirus and Rotavirus antigen (Quicking®) to PCR, which is considered as the most reliable diagnostic method. A total of 78 duplicated faecal samples were collected from diarrhoeic dogs. Vaccination history within a month prior to the onset of diarrhoea was reported for 12 of the sampled dogs. The rapid diagnostic test was performed in 23 of the faecal samples directly, while the rest were placed into a sterile cotton tipped swab suitable for collection and transportation of viruses (Sigma Σ-VCM®) and stored at −20 °C. The sensitivity of the Quicking rapid diagnostic test compared to PCR in the total number of samples, in samples from non-vaccinated dogs and in samples tested directly after collection were 22.22% (95% CI: 13.27–33.57%), 26.67% (95% CI: 16.08–39.66%) and 76.47% (95% CI: 50.10–93.04%) respectively, while the specificity of the test was 100% in any case. In conclusion, negative results do not exclude parvoenteritis from the differential diagnosis, especially in dogs with early vaccination history, but a positive result almost certainly indicates CPV infection. An improved sensitivity may be expected when the test is performed immediately.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria C Kantere
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Thessaly, Greece
| | - Labrini V Athanasiou
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Thessaly, Greece.
| | - Vassiliki Spyrou
- Department of Animal Production, Technological and Educational Institute, Larissa, Greece
| | - Constantinos S Kyriakis
- Department of Infectious Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Vassilios Kontos
- Department of Veterinary Public Health, National School of Public Health, Athens, Greece
| | - Dimitrios C Chatzopoulos
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Thessaly, Greece
| | - Constantina N Tsokana
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Thessaly, Greece
| | - Charalambos Billinis
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Thessaly, Greece
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Mittal M, Chakravarti S, Mohapatra J, Chug P, Dubey R, Upmanuyu V, Narwal P, Kumar A, Churamani C, Kanwar N. Molecular typing of canine parvovirus strains circulating from 2008 to 2012 in an organized kennel in India reveals the possibility of vaccination failure. INFECTION GENETICS AND EVOLUTION 2014; 23:1-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2014.01.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2013] [Revised: 01/05/2014] [Accepted: 01/07/2014] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Lin CN, Chien CH, Chiou MT, Chueh LL, Hung MY, Hsu HS. Genetic characterization of type 2a canine parvoviruses from Taiwan reveals the emergence of an Ile324 mutation in VP2. Virol J 2014; 11:39. [PMID: 24568207 PMCID: PMC3944821 DOI: 10.1186/1743-422x-11-39] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2013] [Accepted: 02/19/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Canine parvovirus 2 (CPV 2) is a major infectious cause of mortality in puppies. The characteristic symptom of CPV 2 disease is intestinal hemorrhage with severe bloody diarrhea. Soon after CPV was first recognized in the late 1970s, the original virus, CPV 2, was replaced in the canine population by strains carrying minor antigenic variants (termed 2a, 2b, and 2c) of the VP2 gene that could be distinguished using monoclonal antibodies and molecular analyses. Here, we provide an updated molecular characterization of the CPV 2 circulating in Taiwan. Methods In this study, 28 isolates of CPV 2 from 144 dogs with suspected CPV infection were obtained from northern, central, and southern Taiwan from 2008 to 2012 and screened by PCR. The 28 isolates were sequenced, and a phylogenetic analysis of the VP2 gene was performed. Results Of the 28 Taiwanese CPV 2 isolates, 15 were identified as new CPV 2a, and 13 were identified as new CPV 2b. Compared to the reference CPV 2a, all 15 of the CPV 2a sequences collected in this study contain an Ile324 mutation caused by a TAT to ATT mutation at nucleotides 970–972 of the VP2 gene. Conclusion Our VP2 sequence data revealed that both types are currently prevalent CPV 2 field strains circulating in Taiwan, and a unique Ile324 VP2 mutation was found in our Taiwanese CPV 2a isolates and recent Asian isolates. CPV 2c was not observed in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao-Nan Lin
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung, Taiwan.
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Zhao Y, Lin Y, Zeng X, Lu C, Hou J. Genotyping and pathobiologic characterization of canine parvovirus circulating in Nanjing, China. Virol J 2013; 10:272. [PMID: 23988202 PMCID: PMC3844316 DOI: 10.1186/1743-422x-10-272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2013] [Accepted: 08/28/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Canine parvovirus (CPV) is an important pathogen that causes acute enteric disease in dogs. It has mutated and spread throughout the world in dog populations. We provide an update on the molecular characterization of CPV that circulated in Nanjing, a provincial capital in China between 2009 and 2012. RESULTS Seventy rectal swab samples were collected from the dogs diagnosed with CPV infection in 8 animal hospitals of Nanjing. Sequence analysis of VP2 genes of 31 samples revealed that 29 viral strains belonged to CPV-2a subtype, while other two strains were classified into CPV-2b. To investigate the pathogenicity of the prevalent virus, we isolated CPV-2a and performed the animal experiment. Nine beagles were inoculated with 105.86 of 50% tissue culture infectious doses (TCID50) of the virus. All the experimentally infected beagles exhibited mild to moderate mucoid or watery diarrhea on day 4 post-infection (p.i.). On day 9 p.i., characteristic histopathological lesions were clearly observed in multiple organs of infected dogs, including liver, spleen, kidney, brain and all segments of the small and large intestines, while viral DNA and antigen staining could be detected in the sampled tissues. It is notable that canine parvovirus was isolated in one from two brain samples processed. CONCLUSION Our results indicated that CPV-2a is the predominant subtype in Nanjing of China. And this virus caused extensive lesions in a variety of tissues, including the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanbing Zhao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yan Lin
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xujian Zeng
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Chengping Lu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jiafa Hou
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
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Fischer CDB, Ikuta N, Canal CW, Makiejczuk A, Allgayer MDC, Cardoso CH, Lehmann FK, Fonseca ASK, Lunge VR. Detection and differentiation of field and vaccine strains of canine distemper virus using reverse transcription followed by nested real time PCR (RT-nqPCR) and RFLP analysis. J Virol Methods 2013; 194:39-45. [PMID: 23942341 PMCID: PMC7113657 DOI: 10.1016/j.jviromet.2013.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2013] [Revised: 08/01/2013] [Accepted: 08/02/2013] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Canine distemper virus (CDV) is the cause of a severe and highly contagious disease in dogs. Practical diagnosis of canine distemper based on clinical signs and laboratory tests are required to confirm CDV infection. The present study aimed to develop a molecular assay to detect and differentiate field and vaccine CDV strains. Reverse transcription followed by nested real time polymerase chain reaction (RT-nqPCR) was developed, which exhibited analytical specificity (all the samples from healthy dogs and other canine infectious agents were not incorrectly detected) and sensitivity (all replicates of a vaccine strain were positive up to the 3125-fold dilution - 10(0.7) TCID50). RT-nqPCR was validated for CDV detection on different clinical samples (blood, urine, rectal and conjunctival swabs) of 103 animals suspected to have distemper. A total of 53 animals were found to be positive based on RT-nqPCR in at least one clinical sample. Blood resulted in more positive samples (50 out of 53, 94.3%), followed by urine (44/53, 83.0%), rectal (38/53, 71%) and conjunctival (27/53, 50.9%) swabs. A commercial immunochromatography (IC) assay had detected CDV in only 30 conjunctival samples of these positive dogs. Nucleoprotein (NC) gene sequencing of 25 samples demonstrated that 23 of them were closer to other Brazilian field strains and the remaining two to vaccine strains. A single nucleotide sequences difference, which creates an Msp I restriction enzyme digestion, was used to differentiate between field and vaccine CDV strains by restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis. The complete assay was more sensitive than was IC for the detection of CDV. Blood was the more frequently positive specimen and the addition of a restriction enzyme step allowed the differentiation of vaccine and Brazilian field strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristine Dossin Bastos Fischer
- Laboratório de Diagnóstico Molecular, Universidade Luterana do Brasil, Av. Farroupilha, 8001, 92425-900, Canoas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
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Aldaz J, García-Díaz J, Calleros L, Sosa K, Iraola G, Marandino A, Hernández M, Panzera Y, Pérez R. High local genetic diversity of canine parvovirus from Ecuador. Vet Microbiol 2013; 166:214-9. [PMID: 23850438 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2013.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2013] [Revised: 06/01/2013] [Accepted: 06/10/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Canine parvovirus (CPV) comprises three antigenic variants (2a, 2b, and 2c) that are distributed globally with different frequencies and levels of genetic variability. CPVs from central Ecuador were herein analyzed to characterize the strains and to provide new insights into local viral diversity, evolution, and pathogenicity. Variant prevalence was analyzed by PCR and partial sequencing for 53 CPV-positive samples collected during 2011 and 2012. The full-length VP2 gene was sequenced in 24 selected strains and a maximum-likelihood phylogenetic tree was constructed using both Ecuadorian and worldwide strains. Ecuadorian CPVs have a remarkable genetic diversity that includes the circulation of all three variants and the existence of different evolutionary groups or lineages. CPV-2c was the most prevalent variant (54.7%), confirming the spread of this variant in America. Ecuadorian CPV-2c strains clustered in two lineages, which represent the first evidence of polyphyletic CPV-2c circulating in South America. CPV-2a strains constituted 41.5% of the samples and clustered in a single lineage. The two detected CPV-2b strains (3.8%) were clearly polyphyletic and appeared related to Ecuadorian CPV-2a or foreign CPV-2b strains. Besides the substitution at residue 426 that is used to identify the variants, two amino acid changes occurred in Ecuadorian strains: Val139Iso and Thr440Ser. Ser(440) occurred in a biologically relevant domain of VP2 and is here described for the first time in CPV. The associations of Ecuadorian CPV-2c and CPV-2a with clinical symptoms indicate that dull mentation, hemorrhagic gastroenteritis and hypothermia occurred more frequently in infection with CPV-2c than with CPV-2a.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaime Aldaz
- Escuela de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Universidad Estatal de Bolívar, Ecuador
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Fontana DS, Rocha PRD, Cruz RA, Lopes LL, Melo AL, Silveira MM, Aguiar DM, Pescador CA. A phylogenetic study of canine parvovirus type 2c in midwestern Brazil. PESQUISA VETERINARIA BRASILEIRA 2013. [DOI: 10.1590/s0100-736x2013000200013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Since the late 1970s, canine parvovirus type 2 (CPV-2) has emerged as a causative agent of fatal severe acute hemorrhagic enteritis in dogs. To date, three antigenic types of CPV-2 were described worldwide (CPV-2a/b/c). This study was conducted to determine the variants of CPV-2 circulating in dogs from the Cuiabá Municipality in Midwestern Brazil. Out of 50 fecal samples, collected between 2009 and 2011, 27 tested positive for CPV-2. A 583 bp fragment of the VP2 gene was amplified by PCR, 13 representative samples were analyzed further by DNA sequencing. All strains were characterized as CPV-2c, displayed a low genetic variability although observed several amino acid substitution. These findings indicated that CPV-2c has been circulating in dogs from the Cuiabá Municipality in Midwestern Brazil.
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Maya L, Calleros L, Francia L, Hernández M, Iraola G, Panzera Y, Sosa K, Pérez R. Phylodynamics analysis of canine parvovirus in Uruguay: evidence of two successive invasions by different variants. Arch Virol 2013; 158:1133-41. [DOI: 10.1007/s00705-012-1591-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2012] [Accepted: 11/24/2012] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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