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Zhao M, Zheng Z, Peng S, Xu Y, Zhang J, Liu J, Pan W, Yin Z, Xu S, Wei C, Wang M, Wan J, Qin J. Epidermal Growth Factor-Like Repeats and Discoidin I-Like Domains 3 Deficiency Attenuates Dilated Cardiomyopathy by Inhibiting Ubiquitin Specific Peptidase 10 Dependent Smad4 Deubiquitination. J Am Heart Assoc 2024; 13:e031283. [PMID: 38456416 PMCID: PMC11010021 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.123.031283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) is the leading cause of heart failure with a poor prognosis. Recent studies suggest that endothelial to mesenchymal transition (EndMT) may be involved in the pathogenesis and cardiac remodeling during DCM development. EDIL3 (epidermal growth factor-like repeats and discoidin I-like domains 3) is an extracellular matrix glycoprotein that has been reported to promote EndMT in various diseases. However, the roles of EDIL3 in DCM still remain unclear. METHODS AND RESULTS A mouse model of DCM and human umbilical vein endothelial cells were used to explore the roles and mechanisms of EDIL3 in DCM. The results indicated that EndMT and EDIL3 were activated in DCM mice. EDIL3 deficiency attenuated cardiac dysfunction and remodeling in DCM mice. EDIL3 knockdown alleviated EndMT by inhibiting USP10 (ubiquitin specific peptidase 10) dependent Smad4 deubiquitination in vivo and in vitro. Recombinant human EDIL3 promoted EndMT via reinforcing deubiquitination of Smad4 in human umbilical vein endothelial cells treated with IL-1β (interleukin 1β) and TGF-β (transforming growth factor beta). Inhibiting USP10 abolished EndMT exacerbated by EDIL3. In addition, recombinant EDIL3 also aggravates doxorubicin-induced EndMT by promoting Smad4 deubiquitination in HUVECs. CONCLUSIONS Taken together, these results indicate that EDIL3 deficiency attenuated EndMT by inhibiting USP10 dependent Smad4 deubiquitination in DCM mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengmeng Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Department of GeriatricsZhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan UniversityWuhanChina
- Cardiovascular Research InstituteWuhan UniversityWuhanChina
- Hubei Key Laboratory of CardiologyWuhanChina
| | - Zihui Zheng
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Department of GeriatricsZhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan UniversityWuhanChina
- Cardiovascular Research InstituteWuhan UniversityWuhanChina
- Hubei Key Laboratory of CardiologyWuhanChina
| | - Shanshan Peng
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Department of GeriatricsZhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan UniversityWuhanChina
- Cardiovascular Research InstituteWuhan UniversityWuhanChina
- Hubei Key Laboratory of CardiologyWuhanChina
| | - Yao Xu
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Department of GeriatricsZhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan UniversityWuhanChina
- Cardiovascular Research InstituteWuhan UniversityWuhanChina
- Hubei Key Laboratory of CardiologyWuhanChina
| | - Jishou Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Department of GeriatricsZhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan UniversityWuhanChina
- Cardiovascular Research InstituteWuhan UniversityWuhanChina
- Hubei Key Laboratory of CardiologyWuhanChina
| | - Jianfang Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Department of GeriatricsZhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan UniversityWuhanChina
- Cardiovascular Research InstituteWuhan UniversityWuhanChina
- Hubei Key Laboratory of CardiologyWuhanChina
| | - Wei Pan
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Department of GeriatricsZhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan UniversityWuhanChina
- Cardiovascular Research InstituteWuhan UniversityWuhanChina
- Hubei Key Laboratory of CardiologyWuhanChina
| | - Zheng Yin
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Department of GeriatricsZhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan UniversityWuhanChina
- Cardiovascular Research InstituteWuhan UniversityWuhanChina
- Hubei Key Laboratory of CardiologyWuhanChina
| | - Shuwan Xu
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Department of GeriatricsZhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan UniversityWuhanChina
- Cardiovascular Research InstituteWuhan UniversityWuhanChina
- Hubei Key Laboratory of CardiologyWuhanChina
| | - Cheng Wei
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Department of GeriatricsZhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan UniversityWuhanChina
- Cardiovascular Research InstituteWuhan UniversityWuhanChina
- Hubei Key Laboratory of CardiologyWuhanChina
| | - Menglong Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Department of GeriatricsZhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan UniversityWuhanChina
- Cardiovascular Research InstituteWuhan UniversityWuhanChina
- Hubei Key Laboratory of CardiologyWuhanChina
| | - Jun Wan
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Department of GeriatricsZhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan UniversityWuhanChina
- Cardiovascular Research InstituteWuhan UniversityWuhanChina
- Hubei Key Laboratory of CardiologyWuhanChina
| | - Juan‐Juan Qin
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Department of GeriatricsZhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan UniversityWuhanChina
- Center for Healthy AgingWuhan University School of NursingWuhanChina
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Jia X, Shao W, Tian S. Berberine alleviates myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury by inhibiting inflammatory response and oxidative stress: the key function of miR-26b-5p-mediated PTGS2/MAPK signal transduction. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2022; 60:652-663. [PMID: 35311466 PMCID: PMC8967400 DOI: 10.1080/13880209.2022.2048029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Revised: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Berberine has myocardial protective effects. OBJECTIVES The protective effects of berberine on heart ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury were explored. MATERIALS AND METHODS Human cardiomyocytes were divided into control group, oxygen-glucose deprivation/re-oxygen (OGD/R) (2 h OGD with 24 h reoxygenation) group, OGD/R + low group (5 μM berberine for 24 h) and OGD/R + high group (10 μM berberine for 24 h). Twenty-four Wistar rats were divided into sham group, I/R group (45 min occlusion with 2 h reperfusion), I/R + berberine group (50 mg/kg berberine 1 h before I/R surgery) and I/R + berberine + antagomir (intraperitoneally injected with miR-26b-5p antagomir). MicroRNA profile, effects of berberine on I/R or OGD/R-induced injuries, and the role of miR-26b-5p in the function of berberine were explored. RESULTS OGD/R treatment suppressed viability (0.41 ± 0.05 vs. 0.87 ± 0.13, p< 0.05), while induced apoptosis (6.6 ± 1.0% vs. 26.3 ± 4.8%, p< 0.05) in cardiomyocytes, which was restored by berberine (viability: 0.64 ± 0.01 for 5 μM and 0.72 ± 0.01 for 10 μM, p< 0.05; apoptosis: 10.9 ± 2.2 for 5 μM and 7.9 ± 1.3 for 10 μM). Berberine induced miR-26b-5p and inhibited PTGS2/MAPK pathway. MiR-26b-5p inhibition counteracted the protective function of berberine. In rats, berberine (50 mg/kg) improved heart histological structure and suppressed inflammatory response, which was impaired by miR-26b-5p inhibition. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS Berberine exerted anti-I/R function in heart by inducing miR-26b-5p and suppressing the PTGS2/MAPK pathway. These data promote the application of berberine as an anti-I/R agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojing Jia
- Department of Pharmacy, The First People’s Hospital of Lianyungang, Lianyungang, China
| | - Wei Shao
- Department of Pharmacy, Pingyi County Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Linyi, China
| | - Suqing Tian
- Department of Pharmacy, Jining Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jining, China
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Insight into the Pro-inflammatory and Profibrotic Role of Macrophage in Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 2021; 76:276-285. [PMID: 32501838 DOI: 10.1097/fjc.0000000000000858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The prevalence of heart failure (HF) with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is higher than that of HF with reduced/midrange ejection fraction (HFrEF/HFmrEF). However, no evidence-based guidelines for managing HFpEF have been generated. The current body of knowledge indicates that fibrosis and inflammation are important components of the cardiac remodeling process in HFpEF. In addition, macrophages potentially play an important role in pro-inflammatory and profibrotic processes in HFpEF patients, whereas HFpEF comorbidities could be a driving force for systemic microvascular inflammation and endothelial dysfunction. Under such circumstances, macrophages reportedly contribute to inflammation and fibrosis through 3 phases namely, inflammation, repair, and resolution. Signal transduction pathway-targeted therapies using animal experiments have generated important discoveries and breakthroughs for understanding the underlying mechanisms of HFpEF. However, only a handful of studies have reported promising results using human trials. Further investigations are therefore needed to elucidate the exact mechanisms underlying HFpEF and immune-pathogenesis of cardiac fibrosis.
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Meagher PB, Lee XA, Lee J, Visram A, Friedberg MK, Connelly KA. Cardiac Fibrosis: Key Role of Integrins in Cardiac Homeostasis and Remodeling. Cells 2021; 10:cells10040770. [PMID: 33807373 PMCID: PMC8066890 DOI: 10.3390/cells10040770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2021] [Revised: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiac fibrosis is a common finding that is associated with the progression of heart failure (HF) and impacts all chambers of the heart. Despite intense research, the treatment of HF has primarily focused upon strategies to prevent cardiomyocyte remodeling, and there are no targeted antifibrotic strategies available to reverse cardiac fibrosis. Cardiac fibrosis is defined as an accumulation of extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins which stiffen the myocardium resulting in the deterioration cardiac function. This occurs in response to a wide range of mechanical and biochemical signals. Integrins are transmembrane cell adhesion receptors, that integrate signaling between cardiac fibroblasts and cardiomyocytes with the ECM by the communication of mechanical stress signals. Integrins play an important role in the development of pathological ECM deposition. This review will discuss the role of integrins in mechano-transduced cardiac fibrosis in response to disease throughout the myocardium. This review will also demonstrate the important role of integrins as both initiators of the fibrotic response, and modulators of fibrosis through their effect on cardiac fibroblast physiology across the various heart chambers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick B. Meagher
- Keenan Research Centre, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael’s Hospital, Toronto, ON M5B 1W8, Canada; (P.B.M.); (X.A.L.); (J.L.); (A.V.)
- Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada;
| | - Xavier Alexander Lee
- Keenan Research Centre, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael’s Hospital, Toronto, ON M5B 1W8, Canada; (P.B.M.); (X.A.L.); (J.L.); (A.V.)
- Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada;
| | - Joseph Lee
- Keenan Research Centre, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael’s Hospital, Toronto, ON M5B 1W8, Canada; (P.B.M.); (X.A.L.); (J.L.); (A.V.)
- Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada;
| | - Aylin Visram
- Keenan Research Centre, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael’s Hospital, Toronto, ON M5B 1W8, Canada; (P.B.M.); (X.A.L.); (J.L.); (A.V.)
- Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada;
| | - Mark K. Friedberg
- Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada;
- Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada
- Labatt Family Heart Center and Department of Paediatrics, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 1X8, Canada
| | - Kim A. Connelly
- Keenan Research Centre, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael’s Hospital, Toronto, ON M5B 1W8, Canada; (P.B.M.); (X.A.L.); (J.L.); (A.V.)
- Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada;
- Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +141-686-45201
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Ristori E, Cicaloni V, Salvini L, Tinti L, Tinti C, Simons M, Corti F, Donnini S, Ziche M. Amyloid-β Precursor Protein APP Down-Regulation Alters Actin Cytoskeleton-Interacting Proteins in Endothelial Cells. Cells 2020; 9:cells9112506. [PMID: 33228083 PMCID: PMC7699411 DOI: 10.3390/cells9112506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2020] [Revised: 11/13/2020] [Accepted: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The amyloid-β precursor protein (APP) is a ubiquitous membrane protein often associated with Alzheimer's disease (AD) and cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA). Despite its role in the development of the pathogenesis, APP exerts several physiological roles that have been mainly investigated in neuronal tissue. To date, the role of APP in vasculature and endothelial cells has not been fully elucidated. In this study, we used molecular and proteomic approaches to identify and investigate major cellular targets of APP down-regulation in endothelial cells. We found that APP is necessary for endothelial cells proliferation, migration and adhesion. The loss of APP alters focal adhesion stability and cell-cell junctions' expression. Moreover, APP is necessary to mediate endothelial response to the VEGF-A growth factor. Finally, we document that APP propagates exogenous stimuli and mediates cellular response in endothelial cells by modulating the Scr/FAK signaling pathway. Thus, the intact expression and processing of APP is required for normal endothelial function. The identification of molecular mechanisms responsible for vasoprotective properties of endothelial APP may have an impact on clinical efforts to preserve and protect healthy vasculature in patients at risk of the development of cerebrovascular disease and dementia including AD and CAA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma Ristori
- Department of Life Science, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy;
- Toscana Life Sciences Foundation, 53100 Siena, Italy; (V.C.); (L.S.); (L.T.); (C.T.)
| | - Vittoria Cicaloni
- Toscana Life Sciences Foundation, 53100 Siena, Italy; (V.C.); (L.S.); (L.T.); (C.T.)
| | - Laura Salvini
- Toscana Life Sciences Foundation, 53100 Siena, Italy; (V.C.); (L.S.); (L.T.); (C.T.)
| | - Laura Tinti
- Toscana Life Sciences Foundation, 53100 Siena, Italy; (V.C.); (L.S.); (L.T.); (C.T.)
| | - Cristina Tinti
- Toscana Life Sciences Foundation, 53100 Siena, Italy; (V.C.); (L.S.); (L.T.); (C.T.)
| | - Michael Simons
- Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, 300 George Street, New Haven, CT 06511, USA; (M.S.); (F.C.)
- Departments of Medicine (Cardiology) and Cell Biology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06511, USA
| | - Federico Corti
- Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, 300 George Street, New Haven, CT 06511, USA; (M.S.); (F.C.)
| | - Sandra Donnini
- Department of Life Science, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy;
- Toscana Life Sciences Foundation, 53100 Siena, Italy; (V.C.); (L.S.); (L.T.); (C.T.)
- Correspondence: (S.D.); (M.Z.); Tel.: +39-0577-235382 (S.D.)
| | - Marina Ziche
- Toscana Life Sciences Foundation, 53100 Siena, Italy; (V.C.); (L.S.); (L.T.); (C.T.)
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neurosciences, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy
- Correspondence: (S.D.); (M.Z.); Tel.: +39-0577-235382 (S.D.)
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Xiao B, Mao J, Sun B, Zhang W, Wang Y, Wang P, Ruan Z, Xi W, Li H, Zhou J, Lu Y, Ding Q, Wang X, Liu J, Yan J, Luo C, Shi X, Yang R, Xi X. Integrin β3 Deficiency Results in Hypertriglyceridemia via Disrupting LPL (Lipoprotein Lipase) Secretion. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2020; 40:1296-1310. [PMID: 32237906 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.119.313191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Integrin β3 is implicated in numerous biological processes such as its relevance to blood triglyceride, yet whether β3 deficiency affects this metabolic process remains unknown. Approach and Results: We showed that the Chinese patients with β3-deficient Glanzmann thrombasthenia had a 2-fold higher serum triglyceride level together with a lower serum LPL (lipoprotein lipase) level than those with an αIIb deficiency or healthy subjects. The β3 knockout mice recapitulated these phenotypic features. The elevated plasma triglyceride level was due to impaired LPL-mediated triglyceride clearance caused by a disrupted LPL secretion. Further analysis revealed that β3 directly bound LPL via a juxtamembrane TIH (threonine isoleucine histidine)720-722 motif in its cytoplasmic domain and functioned as an adaptor protein by interacting with LPL and PKD (protein kinase D) to form the PKD/β3/LPL complex that is required for β3-mediated LPL secretion. Furthermore, the impaired triglyceride clearance in β3 knockout mice could be corrected by adeno-associated virus serotype 9 (AAV9)-mediated delivery of wild-type but not TIH720-722-mutated β3 genes. CONCLUSIONS This study reveals a hypertriglyceridemia in both β3-deficient Chinese patients and mice and provides novel insights into the molecular mechanisms of the significant roles of β3 in LPL secretion and triglyceride metabolism, drawing attention to the metabolic consequences in patients with β3-deficient Glanzmann thrombasthenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Xiao
- From the State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Shanghai Institute of Hematology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine and School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, China (B.X., X.X.)
| | - Jianhua Mao
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Shanghai Institute of Hematology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China (J.M., W.Z., Y.W., P.W., Z.R., X.X.)
| | - Boyang Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Hematological Disorders, Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China (B.S., H.L., R.Y.)
| | - Wei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Shanghai Institute of Hematology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China (J.M., W.Z., Y.W., P.W., Z.R., X.X.)
| | - Yun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Shanghai Institute of Hematology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China (J.M., W.Z., Y.W., P.W., Z.R., X.X.)
| | - Pengran Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Shanghai Institute of Hematology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China (J.M., W.Z., Y.W., P.W., Z.R., X.X.)
| | - Zheng Ruan
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Shanghai Institute of Hematology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China (J.M., W.Z., Y.W., P.W., Z.R., X.X.)
| | - Wenda Xi
- Shanghai Institute of Hypertension, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, China (W.X.)
| | - Huiyuan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Hematological Disorders, Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China (B.S., H.L., R.Y.)
| | - Jingyi Zhou
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, China (J.Z., Y.L., Q.D., X.W.)
| | - Yide Lu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, China (J.Z., Y.L., Q.D., X.W.)
| | - Qiulan Ding
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, China (J.Z., Y.L., Q.D., X.W.)
| | - Xuefeng Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, China (J.Z., Y.L., Q.D., X.W.)
| | - Jingqiu Liu
- Drug Discovery and Design Center, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China (J.L., C.L.)
| | - Jinsong Yan
- Department of Hematology, Liaoning Key Laboratory of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation and Translational Medicine, Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, China (J.Y.)
| | - Cheng Luo
- Drug Discovery and Design Center, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China (J.L., C.L.)
| | - Xiaofeng Shi
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China (X.S.)
| | - Renchi Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Hematological Disorders, Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China (B.S., H.L., R.Y.)
| | - Xiaodong Xi
- From the State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Shanghai Institute of Hematology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine and School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, China (B.X., X.X.).,State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Shanghai Institute of Hematology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China (J.M., W.Z., Y.W., P.W., Z.R., X.X.)
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Wei L, Zhou Q, Tian H, Su Y, Fu GH, Sun T. Integrin β3 promotes cardiomyocyte proliferation and attenuates hypoxia-induced apoptosis via regulating the PTEN/Akt/mTOR and ERK1/2 pathways. Int J Biol Sci 2020; 16:644-654. [PMID: 32025212 PMCID: PMC6990915 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.39414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2019] [Accepted: 12/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: Integrin β3 is one of the main integrin heterodimer receptors on the surface of cardiac myocytes. Our previous studies showed that hypoxia induces apoptosis and increases integrin β3 expression in cardiomyocytes. However, the exact mechanism by which integrin β3 protects against apoptosis remains unclear. Hence, the present investigation aimed to explore the mechanism of integrin β3 in cardiomyocyte proliferation and hypoxia-induced cardiomyocyte apoptosis. Methods: Stable cells and in vivo acute and chronic heart failure rat models were generated to reveal the essential role of integrin β3 in cardiomyocyte proliferation and apoptosis. Western blotting and immunohistochemistry were employed to detect the expression of integrin β3 in the stable cells and rat cardiac tissue. Flow cytometer was used to investigate the role of integrin β3 in hypoxia-induced cardiomyocyte apoptosis. Confocal microscopy was used to detect the localization of integrin β3 and integrin αv in cardiomyocytes. Results: A cobaltous chloride-induced hypoxic microenvironment stimulated cardiomyocyte apoptosis and increased integrin β3 expression in H9C2 cells, AC16 cells, and cardiac tissue from acute and chronic heart failure rats. The overexpression of integrin β3 promoted cardiomyocyte proliferation, whereas silencing integrin β3 expression resulted in decreased cell proliferation in vitro. Furthermore, knocking down integrin β3 expression using shRNA or the integrin β3 inhibitor cilengitide exacerbated cobaltous chloride-induced cardiomyocyte apoptosis, whereas overexpression of integrin β3 weakened cobaltous chloride-induced cardiomyocytes apoptosis. We found that integrin β3 promoted cardiomyocytes proliferation through the regulation of the PTEN/Akt/mTOR and ERK1/2 signaling pathways. In addition, we found that knockdown of integrin αv or integrin β1 weakened the effect of integrin β3 in cardiomyocyte proliferation. Conclusion: Our findings revealed the molecular mechanism of the role of integrin β3 in cardiomyocyte proliferation and hypoxia-induced cardiomyocyte apoptosis, providing new insights into the mechanisms underlying myocardial protection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijiang Wei
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine. Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Qingqing Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 20032, China
| | - Hua Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 20032, China
| | - Yifan Su
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine. Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Guo-Hui Fu
- Pathology Center, Shanghai General Hospital/Faculty of Basic Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, No.280, South Chong-Qing Road, Shanghai 200025, People's Republic of China
| | - Ting Sun
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine. Shanghai, 200025, China
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Yu B, Zhao Y, Zhang H, Xie D, Nie W, Shi K. Inhibition of microRNA-143-3p attenuates myocardial hypertrophy by inhibiting inflammatory response. Cell Biol Int 2018; 42:1584-1593. [PMID: 30203887 DOI: 10.1002/cbin.11053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2018] [Accepted: 09/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
MicroRNA-143-3p (miR-143-3p) is involved in the initiation of inflammatory response and the progression of cardiovascular diseases. Myocardial hypertrophy is a common symptom in numerous cardiovascular diseases. In the current study, we attempted to demonstrate the role of miR-143-3p in the development of myocardial hypertrophy by focusing on its association with inflammation. Myocardial hypertrophy was induced by transverse aortic constriction (TAC) method in vivo and by H2 O2 administration in vitro. The expression status of miR-143-3p and downstream effectors were detected in animal heart tissues and H9c2 cells. Furthermore, the effect of miR-143-3p inhibition on H2 O2 -induced changes in ERK5/PPARδ/NF-κB axis was assessed. TAC induced oxidative stress and inflammation in rat heart tissues, which was associated with the increased expressions of miR-143-3p and p-ERK5. However, the up-regulated expression of miR-143-3p had no effect on the expression of ERK5, which was a direct target of miR-143-3p. The results of in vitro assays showed that H2 O2 administration increased the levels of miR-143-3p and p-EKR5 and induced the activation of NF-κB pathway. After the inhibition of miR-143-3p, the activation of EKR5 and NF-κB pathway was suppressed, whereas the expression of PPARδ was up-regulated. The current study demonstrated that miR-143-3p is crucial to the initiation of inflammatory response induced by myocardial hypertrophy. The activation of ERK5 following miR-143-3p up-regulation appears to be a complementary response to induce the subsequent anti-inflammatory signaling transduction, which needed further exploration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Yu
- Department of Cardiology, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory for Genetic Diagnosis of Cardiovascular Disease, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, 126 Xiantai Avenue, Changchun, 130033, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanan Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory for Genetic Diagnosis of Cardiovascular Disease, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, 126 Xiantai Avenue, Changchun, 130033, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongli Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory for Genetic Diagnosis of Cardiovascular Disease, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, 126 Xiantai Avenue, Changchun, 130033, People's Republic of China
| | - Di Xie
- Department of Cardiology, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory for Genetic Diagnosis of Cardiovascular Disease, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, 126 Xiantai Avenue, Changchun, 130033, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Nie
- Department of Cardiology, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory for Genetic Diagnosis of Cardiovascular Disease, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, 126 Xiantai Avenue, Changchun, 130033, People's Republic of China
| | - Kaiyao Shi
- Department of Cardiology, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory for Genetic Diagnosis of Cardiovascular Disease, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, 126 Xiantai Avenue, Changchun, 130033, People's Republic of China
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9
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Nurden AT. Should studies on Glanzmann thrombasthenia not be telling us more about cardiovascular disease and other major illnesses? Blood Rev 2017; 31:287-299. [PMID: 28395882 DOI: 10.1016/j.blre.2017.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2017] [Accepted: 03/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Glanzmann thrombasthenia (GT) is a rare inherited bleeding disorder caused by loss of αIIbβ3 integrin function in platelets. Most genetic variants of β3 also affect the widely expressed αvβ3 integrin. With brief mention of mouse models, I now look at the consequences of disease-causing ITGA2B and ITGB3 mutations on the non-hemostatic functions of platelets and other cells. Reports of arterial thrombosis in GT patients are rare, but other aspects of cardiovascular disease do occur including deep vein thrombosis and congenital heart defects. Thrombophilic and other risk factors for thrombosis and lessons from heterozygotes and variant forms of GT are discussed. Assessed for GT patients are reports of leukemia and cancer, loss of fertility, bone pathology, inflammation and wound repair, infections, kidney disease, autism and respiratory disease. This survey shows an urgent need for a concerted international effort to better determine how loss of αIIbβ3 and αvβ3 influences health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alan T Nurden
- Institut de Rhythmologie et de Modélisation Cardiaque, Plateforme Technologique d'Innovation Biomédicale, Hôpital Xavier Arnozan, Pessac, France.
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10
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Protective effects of Astragalus polysaccharides against endothelial dysfunction in hypertrophic rats induced by isoproterenol. Int Immunopharmacol 2016; 38:306-12. [DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2016.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2016] [Revised: 05/22/2016] [Accepted: 06/17/2016] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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11
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Balasubramanian S, Pleasant DL, Kasiganesan H, Quinones L, Zhang Y, Sundararaj KP, Roche S, O’Connor R, Bradshaw AD, Kuppuswamy D. Dasatinib Attenuates Pressure Overload Induced Cardiac Fibrosis in a Murine Transverse Aortic Constriction Model. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0140273. [PMID: 26458186 PMCID: PMC4601773 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0140273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2015] [Accepted: 09/23/2015] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Reactive cardiac fibrosis resulting from chronic pressure overload (PO) compromises ventricular function and contributes to congestive heart failure. We explored whether nonreceptor tyrosine kinases (NTKs) play a key role in fibrosis by activating cardiac fibroblasts (CFb), and could potentially serve as a target to reduce PO-induced cardiac fibrosis. Our studies were carried out in PO mouse myocardium induced by transverse aortic constriction (TAC). Administration of a tyrosine kinase inhibitor, dasatinib, via an intraperitoneally implanted mini-osmotic pump at 0.44 mg/kg/day reduced PO-induced accumulation of extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins and improved left ventricular geometry and function. Furthermore, dasatinib treatment inhibited NTK activation (primarily Pyk2 and Fak) and reduced the level of FSP1 positive cells in the PO myocardium. In vitro studies using cultured mouse CFb showed that dasatinib treatment at 50 nM reduced: (i) extracellular accumulation of both collagen and fibronectin, (ii) both basal and PDGF-stimulated activation of Pyk2, (iii) nuclear accumulation of Ki67, SKP2 and histone-H2B and (iv) PDGF-stimulated CFb proliferation and migration. However, dasatinib did not affect cardiomyocyte morphologies in either the ventricular tissue after in vivo administration or in isolated cells after in vitro treatment. Mass spectrometric quantification of dasatinib in cultured cells indicated that the uptake of dasatinib by CFb was greater that that taken up by cardiomyocytes. Dasatinib treatment primarily suppressed PDGF but not insulin-stimulated signaling (Erk versus Akt activation) in both CFb and cardiomyocytes. These data indicate that dasatinib treatment at lower doses than that used in chemotherapy has the capacity to reduce hypertrophy-associated fibrosis and improve ventricular function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sundaravadivel Balasubramanian
- Cardiology Division of the Department of Medicine, Gazes Cardiac Research Institute, 114 Doughty Street, Charleston, South Carolina, United States of America
| | - Dorea L. Pleasant
- Cardiology Division of the Department of Medicine, Gazes Cardiac Research Institute, 114 Doughty Street, Charleston, South Carolina, United States of America
| | - Harinath Kasiganesan
- Cardiology Division of the Department of Medicine, Gazes Cardiac Research Institute, 114 Doughty Street, Charleston, South Carolina, United States of America
| | - Lakeya Quinones
- Cardiology Division of the Department of Medicine, Gazes Cardiac Research Institute, 114 Doughty Street, Charleston, South Carolina, United States of America
| | - Yuhua Zhang
- Cardiology Division of the Department of Medicine, Gazes Cardiac Research Institute, 114 Doughty Street, Charleston, South Carolina, United States of America
| | - Kamala P. Sundararaj
- Cardiology Division of the Department of Medicine, Gazes Cardiac Research Institute, 114 Doughty Street, Charleston, South Carolina, United States of America
| | | | | | - Amy D. Bradshaw
- Cardiology Division of the Department of Medicine, Gazes Cardiac Research Institute, 114 Doughty Street, Charleston, South Carolina, United States of America
| | - Dhandapani Kuppuswamy
- Cardiology Division of the Department of Medicine, Gazes Cardiac Research Institute, 114 Doughty Street, Charleston, South Carolina, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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12
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Dostal D, Glaser S, Baudino TA. Cardiac Fibroblast Physiology and Pathology. Compr Physiol 2015; 5:887-909. [DOI: 10.1002/cphy.c140053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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13
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Winograd-Katz SE, Fässler R, Geiger B, Legate KR. The integrin adhesome: from genes and proteins to human disease. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 2014; 15:273-88. [PMID: 24651544 DOI: 10.1038/nrm3769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 429] [Impact Index Per Article: 42.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The adhesive interactions of cells with their environment through the integrin family of transmembrane receptors have key roles in regulating multiple aspects of cellular physiology, including cell proliferation, viability, differentiation and migration. Consequently, failure to establish functional cell adhesions, and thus the assembly of associated cytoplasmic scaffolding and signalling networks, can have severe pathological effects. The roles of specific constituents of integrin-mediated adhesions, which are collectively known as the 'integrin adhesome', in diverse pathological states are becoming clear. Indeed, the prominence of mutations in specific adhesome molecules in various human diseases is now appreciated, and experimental as well as in silico approaches provide insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying these pathological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabina E Winograd-Katz
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Reinhard Fässler
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, 82152 Martinsried, Germany
| | - Benjamin Geiger
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Kyle R Legate
- 1] Department of Molecular Medicine, Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, 82152 Martinsried, Germany. [2] Center for Nanosciences, Department of Applied Physics, Ludwig-Maximilians University, 80799 Munich, Germany
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14
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Li W, Chen L, He W, Li W, Qu X, Liang B, Gao Q, Feng C, Jia X, Lv Y, Zhang S, Li X. Prioritizing disease candidate proteins in cardiomyopathy-specific protein-protein interaction networks based on "guilt by association" analysis. PLoS One 2013; 8:e71191. [PMID: 23940716 PMCID: PMC3733802 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0071191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2013] [Accepted: 06/28/2013] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The cardiomyopathies are a group of heart muscle diseases which can be inherited (familial). Identifying potential disease-related proteins is important to understand mechanisms of cardiomyopathies. Experimental identification of cardiomyophthies is costly and labour-intensive. In contrast, bioinformatics approach has a competitive advantage over experimental method. Based on “guilt by association” analysis, we prioritized candidate proteins involving in human cardiomyopathies. We first built weighted human cardiomyopathy-specific protein-protein interaction networks for three subtypes of cardiomyopathies using the known disease proteins from Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man as seeds. We then developed a method in prioritizing disease candidate proteins to rank candidate proteins in the network based on “guilt by association” analysis. It was found that most candidate proteins with high scores shared disease-related pathways with disease seed proteins. These top ranked candidate proteins were related with the corresponding disease subtypes, and were potential disease-related proteins. Cross-validation and comparison with other methods indicated that our approach could be used for the identification of potentially novel disease proteins, which may provide insights into cardiomyopathy-related mechanisms in a more comprehensive and integrated way.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wan Li
- College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Lina Chen
- College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
- * E-mail: (LC); (XL)
| | - Weiming He
- Institute of Opto-electronics, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Weiguo Li
- College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Xiaoli Qu
- College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Binhua Liang
- National Microbiology Laboratory, Public Health Agency of Canada, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Qianping Gao
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Chenchen Feng
- College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Xu Jia
- College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Yana Lv
- College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Siya Zhang
- College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Xia Li
- College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
- * E-mail: (LC); (XL)
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15
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Balasubramanian S, Quinones L, Kasiganesan H, Zhang Y, Pleasant DL, Sundararaj KP, Zile MR, Bradshaw AD, Kuppuswamy D. β3 integrin in cardiac fibroblast is critical for extracellular matrix accumulation during pressure overload hypertrophy in mouse. PLoS One 2012; 7:e45076. [PMID: 22984613 PMCID: PMC3440340 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0045076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2011] [Accepted: 08/16/2012] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The adhesion receptor β3 integrin regulates diverse cellular functions in various tissues. As β3 integrin has been implicated in extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling, we sought to explore the role of β3 integrin in cardiac fibrosis by using wild type (WT) and β3 integrin null (β3-/-) mice for in vivo pressure overload (PO) and in vitro primary cardiac fibroblast phenotypic studies. Compared to WT mice, β3-/- mice upon pressure overload hypertrophy for 4 wk by transverse aortic constriction (TAC) showed a substantially reduced accumulation of interstitial fibronectin and collagen. Moreover, pressure overloaded LV from β3-/- mice exhibited reduced levels of both fibroblast proliferation and fibroblast-specific protein-1 (FSP1) expression in early time points of PO. To test if the observed impairment of ECM accumulation in β3-/- mice was due to compromised cardiac fibroblast function, we analyzed primary cardiac fibroblasts from WT and β3-/- mice for adhesion to ECM proteins, cell spreading, proliferation, and migration in response to platelet derived growth factor-BB (PDGF, a growth factor known to promote fibrosis) stimulation. Our results showed that β3-/- cardiac fibroblasts exhibited a significant reduction in cell-matrix adhesion, cell spreading, proliferation and migration. In addition, the activation of PDGF receptor associated tyrosine kinase and non-receptor tyrosine kinase Pyk2, upon PDGF stimulation were impaired in β3-/- cells. Adenoviral expression of a dominant negative form of Pyk2 (Y402F) resulted in reduced accumulation of fibronectin. These results indicate that β3 integrin-mediated Pyk2 signaling in cardiac fibroblasts plays a critical role in PO-induced cardiac fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sundaravadivel Balasubramanian
- Cardiology Division, Department of Medicine, Gazes Cardiac Research Institute, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, United States of America
| | - Lakeya Quinones
- Cardiology Division, Department of Medicine, Gazes Cardiac Research Institute, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, United States of America
| | - Harinath Kasiganesan
- Cardiology Division, Department of Medicine, Gazes Cardiac Research Institute, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, United States of America
| | - Yuhua Zhang
- Cardiology Division, Department of Medicine, Gazes Cardiac Research Institute, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, United States of America
| | - Dorea L. Pleasant
- Cardiology Division, Department of Medicine, Gazes Cardiac Research Institute, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, United States of America
| | - Kamala P. Sundararaj
- Cardiology Division, Department of Medicine, Gazes Cardiac Research Institute, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, United States of America
| | - Michael R. Zile
- Cardiology Division, Department of Medicine, Gazes Cardiac Research Institute, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, United States of America
- Ralph H. Johnson Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Charleston, South Carolina, United States of America
| | - Amy D. Bradshaw
- Cardiology Division, Department of Medicine, Gazes Cardiac Research Institute, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, United States of America
- Ralph H. Johnson Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Charleston, South Carolina, United States of America
| | - Dhandapani Kuppuswamy
- Cardiology Division, Department of Medicine, Gazes Cardiac Research Institute, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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16
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Floyd CN, Ferro A. The platelet fibrinogen receptor: from megakaryocyte to the mortuary. JRSM Cardiovasc Dis 2012; 1:10.1258_cvd.2012.012007. [PMID: 24175064 PMCID: PMC3738324 DOI: 10.1258/cvd.2012.012007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Platelets are integral to normal haemostatic function and act to control vascular haemorrhage with the formation of a stable clot. The fibrinogen receptor (glycoprotein IIb/IIIa [GPIIb/IIIa]) is the most abundant platelet integrin and, by binding fibrinogen, facilitates irreversible binding of platelets to the exposed extracellular matrix and enables the cross-linking of adjacent platelets. The vital role of GPIIb/IIIa requires tight control of both its synthesis and function. After transcription from distinct domains on chromosome 17, the two subunits of the heterodimer are carefully directed through organelles with intricate regulatory steps designed to prevent the cellular expression of a dysfunctional receptor. Similarly, exquisite control of platelet activation via bidirectional signalling acts to limit the inappropriate and excessive formation of platelet-mediated thrombus. However, the enormous diversity of genetic mutations in the fibrinogen receptor has resulted in a number of allelic variants becoming established. The Pro33 polymorphism in GPIIIa is associated with increased cardiovascular risk due to a pathological persistence of outside-in signalling once fibrinogen has dissociated from the receptor. The polymorphism has also been associated with the phenomenon of aspirin resistance, although larger epidemiological studies are required to establish this conclusively. A failure of appropriate receptor function due to a diverse range of mutations in both structural and signalling domains, results in the bleeding diathesis Glanzmann's thrombasthaenia. GPIIb/IIIa inhibitors were the first rationally designed anti-platelet drugs and have proven to be a successful therapeutic option in high-risk primary coronary intervention. As our understanding of bidirectional signalling improves, more subtle and directed therapeutic strategies may be developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher N Floyd
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Cardiovascular Division, King's College London , London SE1 9NH , UK
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17
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Glanzmann thrombasthenia: a review of ITGA2B and ITGB3 defects with emphasis on variants, phenotypic variability, and mouse models. Blood 2011; 118:5996-6005. [PMID: 21917754 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2011-07-365635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 159] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Characterized by mucocutaneous bleeding arising from a lack of platelet aggregation to physiologic stimuli, Glanzmann thrombasthenia (GT) is the archetype-inherited disorder of platelets. Transmitted by autosomal recessive inheritance, platelets in GT have quantitative or qualitative deficiencies of the fibrinogen receptor, αIIbβ3, an integrin coded by the ITGA2B and ITGB3 genes. Despite advances in our understanding of the disease, extensive phenotypic variability with respect to severity and intensity of bleeding remains poorly understood. Importantly, genetic defects of ITGB3 also potentially affect other tissues, for β3 has a wide tissue distribution when present as αvβ3 (the vitronectin receptor). We now look at the repertoire of ITGA2B and ITGB3 gene defects, reexamine the relationship between phenotype and genotype, and review integrin structure in the many variant forms. Evidence for modifications in platelet production is assessed, as is the multifactorial etiology of the clinical expression of the disease. Reports of cardiovascular disease and deep vein thrombosis, cancer, brain disease, bone disorders, and pregnancy defects in GT are discussed in the context of the results obtained for mouse models where nonhemostatic defects of β3-deficiency or nonfunction are being increasingly described.
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18
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Jung S, Silvius D, Nolan KA, Borchert GL, Millet YH, Phang JM, Gunn TM. Developmental cardiac hypertrophy in a mouse model of prolidase deficiency. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011; 91:204-17. [DOI: 10.1002/bdra.20789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2010] [Revised: 01/11/2011] [Accepted: 01/13/2011] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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19
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Verma SK, Lal H, Golden HB, Gerilechaogetu F, Smith M, Guleria RS, Foster DM, Lu G, Dostal DE. Rac1 and RhoA differentially regulate angiotensinogen gene expression in stretched cardiac fibroblasts. Cardiovasc Res 2010; 90:88-96. [PMID: 21131638 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvq385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS Angiotensin II (Ang II) stimulates cardiac remodelling and fibrosis in the mechanically overloaded myocardium. Although Rho GTPases regulate several cellular processes, including myocardial remodelling, involvement in mediating mechanical stretch-induced regulation of angiotensinogen (Ao), the precursor to Ang II, remains to be determined. We, therefore, examined the role and associated signalling mechanisms of Rho GTPases (Rac1 and RhoA) in regulation of Ao gene expression in a stretch model of neonatal rat cardiac fibroblasts (CFs). METHODS AND RESULTS CFs were plated on deformable stretch membranes. Equiaxial mechanical stretch caused significant activation of both Rac1 and RhoA within 2-5 min. Rac1 activity returned to control levels after 4 h, whereas RhoA remained at a high level of activity until the end of the stretch period (24 h). Mechanical stretch initially caused a moderate decrease in Ao gene expression, but was significantly increased at 8-24 h. RhoA had a major role in mediating both the stretch-induced inhibition of Ao at 4 h and the subsequent upregulation of Ao expression at 24 h. β₁ integrin receptor blockade by Tac β₁ expression impaired acute (2 and 15 min) stretch-induced Rac1 activation, but increased RhoA activity. Molecular experiments revealed that Ao gene expression was inhibited by Rac1 through both JNK-dependent and independent mechanisms, and stimulated by RhoA through a p38-dependent mechanism. CONCLUSION These results indicate that stretch-induced activation of Rac1 and RhoA differentially regulates Ao gene expression by modulating p38 and JNK activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suresh K Verma
- Feinberg Cardiovascular Research Institute, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
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20
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Balasubramanian S, Mani SK, Kasiganesan H, Baicu CC, Kuppuswamy D. Hypertrophic stimulation increases beta-actin dynamics in adult feline cardiomyocytes. PLoS One 2010; 5:e11470. [PMID: 20635003 PMCID: PMC2902504 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0011470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2009] [Accepted: 06/15/2010] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The myocardium responds to hemodynamic stress through cellular growth and organ hypertrophy. The impact of cytoskeletal elements on this process, however, is not fully understood. While α-actin in cardiomyocytes governs muscle contraction in combination with the myosin motor, the exact role of β-actin has not been established. We hypothesized that in adult cardiomyocytes, as in non-myocytes, β-actin can facilitate cytoskeletal rearrangement within cytoskeletal structures such as Z-discs. Using a feline right ventricular pressure overload (RVPO) model, we measured the level and distribution of β-actin in normal and pressure overloaded myocardium. Resulting data demonstrated enriched levels of β-actin and enhanced translocation to the Triton-insoluble cytoskeletal and membrane skeletal complexes. In addition, RVPO in vivo and in vitro hypertrophic stimulation with endothelin (ET) or insulin in isolated adult cardiomyocytes enhanced the content of polymerized fraction (F-actin) of β-actin. To determine the localization and dynamics of β-actin, we adenovirally expressed GFP-tagged β-actin in isolated adult cardiomyocytes. The ectopically expressed β-actin-GFP localized to the Z-discs, costameres, and cell termini. Fluorescence recovery after photobleaching (FRAP) measurements of β-actin dynamics revealed that β-actin at the Z-discs is constantly being exchanged with β-actin from cytoplasmic pools and that this exchange is faster upon hypertrophic stimulation with ET or insulin. In addition, in electrically stimulated isolated adult cardiomyocytes, while β-actin overexpression improved cardiomyocyte contractility, immunoneutralization of β-actin resulted in a reduced contractility suggesting that β-actin could be important for the contractile function of adult cardiomyocytes. These studies demonstrate the presence and dynamics of β-actin in the adult cardiomyocyte and reinforce its usefulness in measuring cardiac cytoskeletal rearrangement during hypertrophic stimulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sundaravadivel Balasubramanian
- Cardiology Division, Department of Medicine, Gazes Cardiac Research Institute, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, United States of America.
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21
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Peng X, Pentassuglia L, Sawyer DB. Emerging anticancer therapeutic targets and the cardiovascular system: is there cause for concern? Circ Res 2010; 106:1022-34. [PMID: 20360265 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.109.211276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
The race for a cure to cancer continues, fueled by unprecedented discoveries of fundamental biology underlying carcinogenesis and tumorigenesis. The expansion of the target list and tools to approach them is moving the oncology community extraordinarily rapidly to clinical trials, bringing new hope for cancer patients. This effort is also propelling biological discoveries in cardiovascular research, because many of the targets being explored in cancer play fundamental roles in the heart and vasculature. The combined efforts of cardiovascular and cancer biologists, along with clinical investigators in these fields, will be needed to understand how to safely exploit these efforts. Here, we discuss a few of the many research foci in oncology where we believe such collaboration will be particularly important.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuyang Peng
- Cardiovascular Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, PRB 359B Pierce Ave., Nashville, TN 37232, USA.
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Shewchuk LJ, Bryan S, Ulanova M, Khaper N. Integrin β3 prevents apoptosis of HL-1 cardiomyocytes under conditions of oxidative stressThis article is one of a selection of papers published in a Special Issue on Oxidative Stress in Health and Disease. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2010; 88:324-30. [DOI: 10.1139/y09-131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Integrin receptors are essential in the regulation of vital cardiac functions, and impaired integrin activity has been associated with cardiac remodeling. Oxidative stress is known to be involved in apoptosis and cardiac remodeling and thus may profoundly influence cardiac function via integrin modulation. The aim of this study was to determine the expression pattern and functional role of integrins in HL-1 cardiomyocytes under conditions of oxidative stress. Gene expression was studied by end-point and real-time PCR; surface protein expression was studied by flow cytometry; integrin knockdown was accomplished by siRNA gene silencing; and apoptosis was studied by annexin V staining and active caspase-3/7 using flow cytometry. Among the various subunits under study (αv, α5, α6, and β1, β3, β4, and β5), the expression of β3 integrin was significantly increased at both the mRNA and protein levels in cardiomyocytes exposed to 100 µmol/L hydrogen peroxide for 3 h. Gene silencing of β3 integrin by using siRNA resulted in a 2-fold increase in cardiomyocyte apoptosis upon treatment with hydrogen peroxide. This increase in apoptosis, as measured by annexin V staining, correlated with an increase in active caspase-3/7. Integrin β3 plays a vital role in preventing cardiomyocyte apoptosis under conditions of oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lee J. Shewchuk
- Medical Sciences Division, Northern Ontario School of Medicine, Lakehead University, 955 Oliver Road, Thunder Bay, ON P7B 5E1, Canada
- Department of Biology, Lakehead University, Thunder Bay, ON P7B 5E1, Canada
| | - Sean Bryan
- Medical Sciences Division, Northern Ontario School of Medicine, Lakehead University, 955 Oliver Road, Thunder Bay, ON P7B 5E1, Canada
- Department of Biology, Lakehead University, Thunder Bay, ON P7B 5E1, Canada
| | - Marina Ulanova
- Medical Sciences Division, Northern Ontario School of Medicine, Lakehead University, 955 Oliver Road, Thunder Bay, ON P7B 5E1, Canada
- Department of Biology, Lakehead University, Thunder Bay, ON P7B 5E1, Canada
| | - Neelam Khaper
- Medical Sciences Division, Northern Ontario School of Medicine, Lakehead University, 955 Oliver Road, Thunder Bay, ON P7B 5E1, Canada
- Department of Biology, Lakehead University, Thunder Bay, ON P7B 5E1, Canada
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Reed RK, Lidén Å, Rubin K. Edema and fluid dynamics in connective tissue remodelling. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2010; 48:518-23. [DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2009.06.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2009] [Revised: 06/12/2009] [Accepted: 06/30/2009] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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24
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Black LD, Meyers JD, Weinbaum JS, Shvelidze YA, Tranquillo RT. Cell-induced alignment augments twitch force in fibrin gel-based engineered myocardium via gap junction modification. Tissue Eng Part A 2009; 15:3099-108. [PMID: 19338433 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2008.0502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
A high-potential therapy for repairing the heart post-myocardial infarction is the implantation of tissue-engineered myocardium. While several groups have developed constructs that mimic the aligned structure of the native myocardium, to date no one has investigated the particular functional benefits conferred by alignment. In this study we created myocardial constructs in both aligned and isotropic configurations by entrapping neonatal rat cardiac cells in fibrin gel. Constructs were cultured statically for 2 weeks, and then characterized. Histological staining showed spread cells that express typical cardiac cell markers in both configurations. Isotropic constructs had higher final cell and collagen densities, but lower passive mechanical properties than aligned constructs. Twitch force associated with electrical pacing, however, was 181% higher in aligned constructs, and this improvement was greater than what would be expected from merely aligning the cells in the isotropic constructs in the force measurement direction. Our hypothesis was that this was due to improved gap junction formation/function facilitated by cell alignment, and further analyses of the twitch force data, as well as Western blot results of connexin 43 expression and phosphorylation state, support this hypothesis. Regardless of the specific mechanism, the results presented in this study underscore the importance of recapitulating the anisotropy of the native tissue in engineered myocardium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren D Black
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA
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Svendsen OS, Lidén A, Rubin K, Reed RK. Lowered albumin extravasation rate in heart but not in other organs in beta3-integrin-deficient mice. Acta Physiol (Oxf) 2009; 197:305-11. [PMID: 19645751 DOI: 10.1111/j.1748-1716.2009.02025.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
AIM The vascular protein permeability is dependent on the integrity of the vascular wall. The heart capillaries in male mice lacking beta3 integrins have an immature phenotype. Previously, we have demonstrated a role for alphavbeta3 integrins in control of interstitial fluid pressure (Pif) and thereby in the fluid flux during inflammation. We wanted to explore a possible role for alphavbeta3 integrins in controlling capillary protein permeability during control situation and inflammation. METHODS We performed double-tracer and microdialysis experiments on beta3-integrin-deficient mice and wild type control mice. We also measured blood pressure and heart rate in the two mice strains. RESULTS We found reduced albumin extravasation (during 25 min) in the heart capillaries (0.053 +/- 0.003 vs. 0.087 +/- 0.009 mL g(-1) dw, P < 0.05), and an increased cardiac mass/body weight (5.3 x 10(-3) +/- 0.3 x 10(-3) vs. 3.8 x 10(-3) +/- 0.1 x 10(-3), P < 0.01) in the beta3-integrin-deficient mice (n = 6) compared with the controls (n = 6). Heart rate and blood pressure were the same in mice with and without beta3-integrins. No difference in permeability was found in other tissues studied, or under local inflammation. CONCLUSION These results show a function for the alphavbeta3 integrin in the regulation of protein permeability, selective for the heart capillaries.
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Affiliation(s)
- O S Svendsen
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Bergen, Norway.
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Morgan EA, Schneider JG, Baroni TE, Uluçkan O, Heller E, Hurchla MA, Deng H, Floyd D, Berdy A, Prior JL, Piwnica-Worms D, Teitelbaum SL, Ross FP, Weilbaecher KN. Dissection of platelet and myeloid cell defects by conditional targeting of the beta3-integrin subunit. FASEB J 2009; 24:1117-27. [PMID: 19933310 DOI: 10.1096/fj.09-138420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this work was to determine platelet and myeloid cell-specific requirements for beta3-containing integrins in hemostasis, bone resorption, and tumor growth. LoxP-flanked mice were generated to study the conditional deletion of beta3-integrin in platelets [knockout in platelets (KOP)] and myeloid cells [knockout in myeloid (KOM)]. Using the beta3KOP and beta3KOM strains of mice, we studied the role of beta3-integrin in hemostasis, bone resorption, and subcutaneous tumor growth. Tissue-specific deletion of platelet beta3-integrins in beta3KOP mice did not affect bone mass but resulted in a severe bleeding phenotype. No growth difference of tumor xenografts or in neoangiogenesis were found in beta3KOP mice, in contrast to the defects observed in germline beta3(-/-) mice. Conditional deletion of myeloid beta3-integrins in beta3KOM mice resulted in osteopetrosis but had no effect on hemostasis or mortality. Tumor growth in beta3KOM mice was increased and accompanied by decreased macrophage infiltration, without increase in blood vessel number. Platelet beta3-integrin deficiency was sufficient to disrupt hemostasis but had no effect on bone mass or tumor growth. Myeloid-specific beta3-integrin deletion was sufficient to perturb bone mass and enhance tumor growth due to reduced macrophage infiltration in the tumors. These results suggest that beta3-integrins have cell-specific roles in complex biological processes.-Morgan, E. A., Schneider, J. G., Baroni, T. E., Uluçkan, O., Heller, E., Hurchla, M. A., Deng, H., Floyd, D., Berdy, A., Prior, J. L., Piwnica-Worms, D., Teitelbaum, S. L., Ross, F. P., Weilbaecher, K. N. Dissection of platelet and myeloid cell defects by conditional targeting of the beta3-integrin subunit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth A Morgan
- Department of Medicine, Mallinkrodt Institute of Radiology, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
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27
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Patsenker E, Popov Y, Stickel F, Schneider V, Ledermann M, Sägesser H, Niedobitek G, Goodman SL, Schuppan D. Pharmacological inhibition of integrin alphavbeta3 aggravates experimental liver fibrosis and suppresses hepatic angiogenesis. Hepatology 2009; 50:1501-11. [PMID: 19725105 PMCID: PMC2779730 DOI: 10.1002/hep.23144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 137] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED The vitronectin receptor integrin alphavbeta3 promotes angiogenesis by mediating migration and proliferation of endothelial cells, but also drives fibrogenic activation of hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) in vitro. Expecting antifibrotic synergism, we studied the effect of alphavbeta3 inhibition in two in vivo models of liver fibrogenesis. Liver fibrosis was induced in rats by way of bile duct ligation (BDL) for 6 weeks or thioacetamide (TAA) injections for 12 weeks. A specific alphavbeta3 (alphavbeta5) inhibitor (Cilengitide) was given intraperitoneally twice daily at 15 mg/kg during BDL or after TAA administration. Liver collagen was determined as hydroxyproline, and gene expression was quantified by way of quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Liver angiogenesis, macrophage infiltration, and hypoxia were assessed by way of CD31, CD68 and hypoxia-inducible factor-1alpha immunostaining. Cilengitide decreased overall vessel formation. This was significant in portal areas of BDL and septal areas of TAA fibrotic rats and was associated with a significant increase of liver collagen by 31% (BDL) and 27% (TAA), and up-regulation of profibrogenic genes and matrix metalloproteinase-13. Treatment increased gamma glutamyl transpeptidase in both models, while other serum markers remained unchanged. alphavbeta3 inhibition resulted in mild liver hypoxia, as evidenced by up-regulation of hypoxia-inducible genes. Liver infiltration by macrophages/Kupffer cells was not affected, although increases in tumor necrosis factor alpha, interleukin-18, and cyclooxygenase-2 messenger RNA indicated modest macrophage activation. CONCLUSION Specific inhibition of integrin alphavbeta3 (alphavbeta5) in vivo decreased angiogenesis but worsened biliary (BDL) and septal (TAA) fibrosis, despite its antifibrogenic effect on HSCs in vitro. Angiogenesis inhibitors should be used with caution in patients with hepatic fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- E. Patsenker
- Department of Medicine I, University of Erlangen-Nuernberg, Germany, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology and Visceral Research, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Y. Popov
- Department of Medicine I, University of Erlangen-Nuernberg, Germany, Division of Gastroenterology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston MA, USA
| | - F. Stickel
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology and Visceral Research, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - V. Schneider
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology and Visceral Research, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - M. Ledermann
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology and Visceral Research, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - H. Sägesser
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology and Visceral Research, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - G. Niedobitek
- Department of Medicine I, University of Erlangen-Nuernberg, Germany
| | - S. L. Goodman
- Therapeutic area oncology Research, Merck KG, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - D. Schuppan
- Department of Medicine I, University of Erlangen-Nuernberg, Germany, Division of Gastroenterology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston MA, USA
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Di Felice V, De Luca A, Colorito ML, Montalbano A, Ardizzone NM, Macaluso F, Gammazza AM, Cappello F, Zummo G. Cardiac stem cell research: an elephant in the room? Anat Rec (Hoboken) 2009; 292:449-54. [PMID: 19248173 DOI: 10.1002/ar.20858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Heart disease is the leading cause of death in the industrialized world, and stem cell therapy seems to be a promising treatment for injured cardiac tissue. To reach this goal, the scientific community needs to find a good source of stem cells that can be used to obtain new myocardium in a very period range of time. Since there are many ethical and technical problems with using embryonic stem cells as a source of cells with cardiogenic potential, many laboratories have attempted to isolate potential cardiac stem cells from several tissues. The best candidates seem to be cardiac "progenitor" and/or "stem" cells, which can be isolated from subendocardial biopsies from the same patient or from embryonic and/or fetal myocardium. Regardless of the technique used to isolate and characterize these cells, it appears that the different cells isolated from adult myocardium to date are all phenotypic variations of a unique cell type that expresses several markers, such as c-Kit, CD34, MDR-1, Sca-1, CD45, nestin, or Isl-1, in various combinations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Di Felice
- Human Anatomy Section, Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Palermo, Via del Vespro 129, Palermo, Italy.
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29
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MyD88-dependent nuclear factor-κB activation is involved in fibrinogen-induced hypertrophic response of cardiomyocytes. J Hypertens 2009; 27:1084-93. [DOI: 10.1097/hjh.0b013e3283293c93] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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30
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Johnston RK, Balasubramanian S, Kasiganesan H, Baicu CF, Zile MR, Kuppuswamy D. Beta3 integrin-mediated ubiquitination activates survival signaling during myocardial hypertrophy. FASEB J 2009; 23:2759-71. [PMID: 19364763 DOI: 10.1096/fj.08-127480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Identifying the molecular mechanisms activated in compensatory hypertrophy and absent during decompensation will provide molecular targets for prevention of heart failure. We have previously shown enhanced ubiquitination (Ub) during the early growth period of pressure overload (PO) hypertrophy near intercalated discs of cardiomyocytes, where integrins are important for mechanotransduction. In this study, we tested the role of integrins upstream of Ub, whether enhanced Ub contributes to survival signaling in early PO, and if loss of this mechanism could lead to decreased ventricular function. The study used a beta(3) integrin (-/-) mouse and a wild-type mouse as a control for in vivo PO by transverse aortic constriction (TAC) and for cultured cardiomyocytes in vitro, stimulated with the integrin-activating peptide RGD. We demonstrate beta(3) integrin mediates transient Ub of targeted proteins during PO hypertrophy, which is necessary for cardiomyocyte survival and to maintain ventricular function. Prosurvival signaling proceeds by initiation of NF-kappaB transcription of the E3 ligase, cIAP1. In PO beta(3)(-/-) mice, absence of this mechanism correlates with increased TUNEL staining and decreased ventricular mass and function by 4 wk. This is the first study to show that a beta(3) integrin/Ub/NF-kappaB pathway contributes to compensatory hypertrophic growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca K Johnston
- Cardiology Division of the Department of Medicine, Gazes Cardiac Research Institute, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina 29425-2221, USA
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31
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Uremic cardiac hypertrophy is reversed by rapamycin but not by lowering of blood pressure. Kidney Int 2009; 75:800-8. [PMID: 19165175 DOI: 10.1038/ki.2008.690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease is often complicated by uremic cardiomyopathy that consists of left ventricular hypertrophy and interstitial fibrosis. It is thought that hypertension and volume overload are major causes of this disease, but here we sought to identify additional mechanisms using a mouse model of chronic renal insufficiency. Mice with a remnant kidney developed an elevated blood urea nitrogen by 1 week, as expected, and showed progressive cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis at 4 and 8 weeks even though their blood pressures were not elevated nor did they show signs of volume overload. Cardiac extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) was activated in the uremic animals at 8 weeks. There was also an increased phosphorylation of S6 kinase, which is often mediated by activation of the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR). To test the involvement of this pathway, we treated these uremic mice with rapamycin and found that it reduced cardiac hypertrophy. Reduction of blood pressure, however, by hydralazine had no effect. These studies suggest that uremic cardiomyopathy is mediated by activation of a pathway that involves the mTOR pathway.
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32
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Mikelis C, Sfaelou E, Koutsioumpa M, Kieffer N, Papadimitriou E. Integrin alpha(v)beta(3) is a pleiotrophin receptor required for pleiotrophin-induced endothelial cell migration through receptor protein tyrosine phosphatase beta/zeta. FASEB J 2009; 23:1459-69. [PMID: 19141530 DOI: 10.1096/fj.08-117564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
We have previously shown that the angiogenic growth factor pleiotrophin (PTN) induces migration of endothelial cells through binding to its receptor protein tyrosine phosphatase beta/zeta (RPTPbeta/zeta). In this study, we show that a monoclonal antibody against alpha(nu)beta(3) but not alpha(5)beta(1) integrin abolished PTN-induced human endothelial cell migration in a concentration-dependent manner. Integrin alpha(nu)beta(3) was found to directly interact with PTN in an RGD-independent manner, whereas a synthetic peptide corresponding to the specificity loop of the beta(3) integrin extracellular domain ((177)CYDMKTTC(184)) inhibited PTN-alpha(nu)beta(3) interaction and totally abolished PTN-induced endothelial cell migration. Interestingly, alpha(nu)beta(3) was also found to directly interact with RPTPbeta/zeta, and PTN-induced Y773 phosphorylation of beta(3) integrin was dependent on both RPTPbeta/zeta and the downstream c-src kinase activation. Midkine was found to interact with RPTPbeta/zeta, but not with alpha(nu)beta(3), and caused a small but statistically significant decrease in cell migration. In the same line, PTN decreased migration of different glioma cell lines that express RPTPbeta/zeta but do not express alpha(nu)beta(3), while it stimulated migration of U87MG cells that express alpha(nu)beta(3) on their cell membrane. Overexpression or down-regulation of beta(3) stimulated or abolished, respectively, the effect of PTN on cell migration. Collectively, these data suggest that alpha(nu)beta(3) is a key molecule that determines the stimulatory or inhibitory effect of PTN on cell migration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Constantinos Mikelis
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacy, University of Patras, GR 26504, Greece
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Kühn B, del Monte F, Hajjar RJ, Chang YS, Lebeche D, Arab S, Keating MT. Periostin induces proliferation of differentiated cardiomyocytes and promotes cardiac repair. Nat Med 2007; 13:962-9. [PMID: 17632525 DOI: 10.1038/nm1619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 489] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2007] [Accepted: 06/13/2007] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Adult mammalian hearts respond to injury with scar formation and not with cardiomyocyte proliferation, the cellular basis of regeneration. Although cardiogenic progenitor cells may maintain myocardial turnover, they do not give rise to a robust regenerative response. Here we show that extracellular periostin induced reentry of differentiated mammalian cardiomyocytes into the cell cycle. Periostin stimulated mononucleated cardiomyocytes to go through the full mitotic cell cycle. Periostin activated alphaV, beta1, beta3 and beta5 integrins located in the cardiomyocyte cell membrane. Activation of phosphatidylinositol-3-OH kinase was required for periostin-induced reentry of cardiomyocytes into the cell cycle and was sufficient for cell-cycle reentry in the absence of periostin. After myocardial infarction, periostin-induced cardiomyocyte cell-cycle reentry and mitosis were associated with improved ventricular remodeling and myocardial function, reduced fibrosis and infarct size, and increased angiogenesis. Thus, periostin and the pathway that it regulates may provide a target for innovative strategies to treat heart failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernhard Kühn
- Department of Cardiology, Children's Hospital Boston, 300 Longwood Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA.
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Abstract
All vascular biological processes are influenced to some degree by integrins expressed on endothelial cells, vascular smooth muscle cells, fibroblasts, platelets, or other circulating cells. In particular, angiogenesis requires cells to process signals from their microenvironment and respond by altering their cell-cell and cell-matrix adhesion, events which allow migration and vascular remodeling over the period of days to weeks. On the other hand, endothelial cells can respond to a permeability stimulus and alter their junctional adhesion molecules or vesicular transport machinery within seconds or minutes. This chapter will discuss the current understanding of how integrins participate in these processes, and explore the in vitro and in vivo models available to study the role of integrin function during angiogenesis and vascular leak.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara M Weis
- Moores UCSD Cancer Center, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
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