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Mesfin FM, Manohar K, Shelley WC, Brokaw JP, Liu J, Ma M, Markel TA. Stem cells as a therapeutic avenue for active and long-term complications of Necrotizing Enterocolitis. Semin Pediatr Surg 2023; 32:151311. [PMID: 37276782 PMCID: PMC10330659 DOI: 10.1016/j.sempedsurg.2023.151311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is a devastating neonatal intestinal disease associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Although decades of research have been dedicated to understanding the pathogenesis of NEC and developing therapies, it remains the leading cause of death among neonatal gastrointestinal diseases. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have garnered significant interest recently as potential therapeutic agents for the treatment of NEC. They have been shown to rescue intestinal injury and reduce the incidence and severity of NEC in various preclinical animal studies. MSCs and MSC-derived organoids and tissue engineered small intestine (TESI) have shown potential for the treatment of long-term sequela of NEC such as short bowel syndrome, neurodevelopmental delay, and chronic lung disease. Although the advances made in the use of MSCs are promising, further research is needed prior to the widespread use of these cells for the treatment of NEC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fikir M Mesfin
- Department of Surgery, Section of Pediatric Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Krishna Manohar
- Department of Surgery, Section of Pediatric Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - W Christopher Shelley
- Department of Surgery, Section of Pediatric Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - John P Brokaw
- Department of Surgery, Section of Pediatric Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Jianyun Liu
- Department of Surgery, Section of Pediatric Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Minglin Ma
- Department of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Troy A Markel
- Department of Surgery, Section of Pediatric Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA; Riley Hospital for Children at Indiana University Health, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
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Moradi-Gharibvand N, Hashemibeni B. The Effect of Stem Cells and Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor on Cancer Angiogenesis. Adv Biomed Res 2023; 12:124. [PMID: 37434939 PMCID: PMC10331557 DOI: 10.4103/abr.abr_378_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2021] [Revised: 04/17/2022] [Accepted: 04/24/2022] [Indexed: 07/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The formation of new vessels from pre-existing vessels is known as angiogenesis. The process is controlled by stimuli and inhibitors. Angiogenesis starts as a result of the unbalance of these factors, where balance has a tendency toward the stimulus. One of the most important factors promoting angiogenesis is the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). In addition to being involved in vascular regeneration in normal tissues, VEGF also takes part in tumor tissue angiogenesis. These factors affect endothelial cells (ECs) directly as well as differentiate tumor cells from endothelial cells and play an active role in tumor tissue angiogenesis. Angiogenesis partakes in the growth and proliferation of tumor tissue. Because anti-angiogenic treatment is favorable in existing cancer therapies, the potential benefits should be considered. One of these new therapies is cell therapy using mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). Research on MSCs remains controversial because much of the earlier research on MSCs has shown their effectiveness, but more recent research has identified harmful effects of these cells. This article reviews the role of stem cells and their secretions in the angiogenesis of tumor tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nahid Moradi-Gharibvand
- Abadan University of Medical Sciences, Abadan, Iran
- Department of Anatomical Sciences and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Batool Hashemibeni
- Department of Anatomical Sciences and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
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Mesfin FM, Manohar K, Hunter CE, Shelley WC, Brokaw JP, Liu J, Ma M, Markel TA. Stem cell derived therapies to preserve and repair the developing intestine. Semin Perinatol 2023; 47:151727. [PMID: 36964032 PMCID: PMC10133028 DOI: 10.1016/j.semperi.2023.151727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/26/2023]
Abstract
Stem cell research and the use of stem cells in therapy have seen tremendous growth in the last two decades. Neonatal intestinal disorders such as necrotizing enterocolitis, Hirschsprung disease, and gastroschisis have high morbidity and mortality and limited treatment options with varying success rates. Stem cells have been used in several pre-clinical studies to address various neonatal disorders with promising results. Stem cell and patient population selection, timing of therapy, as well as safety and quality control are some of the challenges that must be addressed prior to the widespread clinical application of stem cells. Further research and technological advances such as the use of cell delivery technology can address these challenges and allow for continued progress towards clinical translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fikir M Mesfin
- Department of Surgery, Section of Pediatric Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN
| | - Krishna Manohar
- Department of Surgery, Section of Pediatric Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN
| | - Chelsea E Hunter
- Department of Surgery, Section of Pediatric Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN
| | - W Christopher Shelley
- Department of Surgery, Section of Pediatric Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN
| | - John P Brokaw
- Department of Surgery, Section of Pediatric Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN
| | - Jianyun Liu
- Department of Surgery, Section of Pediatric Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN
| | - Minglin Ma
- Department of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY
| | - Troy A Markel
- Department of Surgery, Section of Pediatric Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN; Riley Hospital for Children at Indiana University Health, Indianapolis, IN.
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Volkova MV, Boyarintsev VV, Trofimenko AV, Kovaleva EV, Othman AA, Melerzanov AV, Filkov GI, Rybalkin SP, Durymanov MO. Local injection of bone-marrow derived mesenchymal stromal cells alters a molecular expression profile of a contact frostbite injury wound and improves healing in a rat model. Burns 2023; 49:432-443. [PMID: 35610075 DOI: 10.1016/j.burns.2022.04.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Revised: 03/18/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Frostbite is a traumatic injury of the tissues upon low temperature environment exposure, which is characterized by direct cell injury due to freezing-thawing followed by development of an acute inflammatory process. Severe frostbite can lead to necrosis of soft tissues and loss of a limb. Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) have a unique ability to modulate pathogenic immune response by secretion of paracrine factors, which suppress inflammation and mediate more efficient tissue regeneration. It should be noted that potential of stem cell therapy for frostbite injury treatment has not been investigated so far. Here, we evaluated a healing capacity of bone-marrow derived MSCs for the treatment of contact frostbite injury wound in a rat model. METHODS Cold-contact injury in a Wistar rat model was induced by 1-minute tight application of the cooled probe (-196 ⁰C) to the skin surface of the left hip. Rat bone marrow MSCs were phenotypically characterized and used for local injections into non-damaged tissues surrounding the wound of animals from the experimental group. The second group of rats was treated in the same manner with 1 mL of isotonic sodium chloride solution. Analysis of cytokine and growth factor expression profile in сold-contact injury wounds was performed on days 5, 9, and 16 using immunoblotting and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Animal recovery in MSC-treated and vehicle-treated groups was evaluated by several criteria including body weight recording, determination of eschar desquamation and re-epithelialization terms, assessment of wound closure kinetics, and histological scoring of the wounds on day 23. RESULTS It turned out that a single subcutaneous administration of MSCs around the wound site resulted in elevated expression of pro-survival and pro-angiogenic VEGF-A and PDGF and 3-5-fold decrease in pro-inflammatory IL-1β as compared with the frostbite wound treated with a vehicle. Moreover, treatment with MSCs caused accelerated wound re-epithelialization (p < 0.05) as well as a better histological score of the MSC-treated wounds. CONCLUSIONS Thus, our data suggested that the use of MSCs is a promising therapeutic strategy for the treatment of cold-induced injury wounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina V Volkova
- Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology (National Research University), Institutsky per. 9, Dolgoprudny, Moscow Region 141701, Russia
| | - Valery V Boyarintsev
- Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology (National Research University), Institutsky per. 9, Dolgoprudny, Moscow Region 141701, Russia
| | - Alexander V Trofimenko
- Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology (National Research University), Institutsky per. 9, Dolgoprudny, Moscow Region 141701, Russia
| | - Elena V Kovaleva
- Research Center of Toxicology and Hygienic Regulation of Biopreparations, NRC Institute of Immunology FMBA of Russia, Ul. Lenina 102A, Dashkovka, Serpukhov district, Moscow Region 142253, Russia
| | - Aya Al Othman
- Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology (National Research University), Institutsky per. 9, Dolgoprudny, Moscow Region 141701, Russia
| | - Alexander V Melerzanov
- Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology (National Research University), Institutsky per. 9, Dolgoprudny, Moscow Region 141701, Russia
| | - Gleb I Filkov
- Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology (National Research University), Institutsky per. 9, Dolgoprudny, Moscow Region 141701, Russia
| | - Sergey P Rybalkin
- Research Center of Toxicology and Hygienic Regulation of Biopreparations, NRC Institute of Immunology FMBA of Russia, Ul. Lenina 102A, Dashkovka, Serpukhov district, Moscow Region 142253, Russia
| | - Mikhail O Durymanov
- Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology (National Research University), Institutsky per. 9, Dolgoprudny, Moscow Region 141701, Russia.
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Manohar K, Mesfin FM, Liu J, Shelley WC, Brokaw JP, Markel TA. Gut-Brain cross talk: The pathogenesis of neurodevelopmental impairment in necrotizing enterocolitis. Front Pediatr 2023; 11:1104682. [PMID: 36873645 PMCID: PMC9975605 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2023.1104682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is a devastating condition of multi-factorial origin that affects the intestine of premature infants and results in high morbidity and mortality. Infants that survive contend with several long-term sequelae including neurodevelopmental impairment (NDI)-which encompasses cognitive and psychosocial deficits as well as motor, vision, and hearing impairment. Alterations in the gut-brain axis (GBA) homeostasis have been implicated in the pathogenesis of NEC and the development of NDI. The crosstalk along the GBA suggests that microbial dysbiosis and subsequent bowel injury can initiate systemic inflammation which is followed by pathogenic signaling cascades with multiple pathways that ultimately lead to the brain. These signals reach the brain and activate an inflammatory cascade in the brain resulting in white matter injury, impaired myelination, delayed head growth, and eventual downstream NDI. The purpose of this review is to summarize the NDI seen in NEC, discuss what is known about the GBA, explore the relationship between the GBA and perinatal brain injury in the setting of NEC, and finally, highlight the existing research into possible therapies to help prevent these deleterious outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krishna Manohar
- Department of Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine (IUSM), Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Fikir M Mesfin
- Department of Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine (IUSM), Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Jianyun Liu
- Department of Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine (IUSM), Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - W Christopher Shelley
- Department of Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine (IUSM), Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - John P Brokaw
- Department of Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine (IUSM), Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Troy A Markel
- Department of Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine (IUSM), Indianapolis, IN, United States.,Riley Hospital for Children, Indiana University Health, Indianapolis, IN, United States
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Tian Y, Fang J, Zeng F, Chen Y, Pei Y, Gu F, Ding C, Niu G, Gu B. The role of hypoxic mesenchymal stem cells in tumor immunity. Int Immunopharmacol 2022; 112:109172. [PMID: 36087506 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2022.109172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Revised: 08/06/2022] [Accepted: 08/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The emerging evidence has shown that mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) not only exert a significant role in the occurrence and development of tumors, but also have immunosuppressive potential in tumor immunity. Hypoxia is a sign of solid tumors, but how functions of hypoxic MSCs alter in the tumor microenvironment (TME) remains less well and comprehensively described. Herein, we mostly describe and investigate recent advances in our comprehension of the emerging effects of different tissue derived MSCs in hypoxia condition on tumor progression and development, as well as bidirectional influence between hypoxic MSCs and immune cells of the TME. Furthermore, we also discuss the potential drug-resistant and therapeutic role of hypoxic MSCs. It can be envisaged that novel and profound insights into the functionality of hypoxic MSCs and the underlying mechanisms in tumor and tumor immunity will promote the meaningful and promising treatment strategies against tumor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiqing Tian
- Xuzhou Central Hospital, Xuzhou Clinical School of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Jian Fang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, 218 Jixi Road, Hefei 230022, Anhui, PR China
| | - Fanpeng Zeng
- Xuzhou Central Hospital, Xuzhou Clinical School of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Yongqiang Chen
- Xuzhou Central Hospital, Xuzhou Clinical School of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Yunfeng Pei
- Xuzhou Central Hospital, Xuzhou Clinical School of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Feng Gu
- Xuzhou Central Hospital, Xuzhou Clinical School of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Chen Ding
- Xuzhou Central Hospital, Xuzhou Clinical School of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, PR China.
| | - Guoping Niu
- Xuzhou Central Hospital, Xuzhou Clinical School of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, PR China.
| | - Bing Gu
- Laboratory Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510000, PR China.
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Zhou L, Zhu H, Bai X, Huang J, Chen Y, Wen J, Li X, Wu B, Tan Y, Tian M, Ren J, Li M, Yang Q. Potential mechanisms and therapeutic targets of mesenchymal stem cell transplantation for ischemic stroke. Stem Cell Res Ther 2022; 13:195. [PMID: 35551643 PMCID: PMC9096773 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-022-02876-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2021] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Ischemic stroke is one of the major causes of death and disability in the world. Currently, most patients cannot choose intravenous thrombolysis or intravascular mechanical thrombectomy because of narrow therapeutic windows and severe complications. Stem cell transplantation is an emerging treatment and has been studied in various central nervous system diseases. Animal and clinical studies showed that transplantation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) could alleviate neurological deficits and bring hope for ischemic stroke treatment. This article reviewed biological characteristics, safety, feasibility and efficacy of MSCs therapy, potential therapeutic targets of MSCs, and production process of Good Manufacturing Practices-grade MSCs, to explore the potential therapeutic targets of MSCs in the process of production and use and provide new therapeutic directions for ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Zhou
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, 1 Youyi Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Huimin Zhu
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, 1 Youyi Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Xue Bai
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, 1 Youyi Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400016, China.,Department of Neurology, The First People's Hospital of Neijiang, Sichuan, 64100, China
| | - Jiagui Huang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, 1 Youyi Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Yue Chen
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, 1 Youyi Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Jun Wen
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, 1 Youyi Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Xuemei Li
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, 1 Youyi Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Bowen Wu
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, 1 Youyi Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Yongjun Tan
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, 1 Youyi Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Mingfen Tian
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, 1 Youyi Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Jiangxia Ren
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, 1 Youyi Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Mengxia Li
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, 1 Youyi Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Qin Yang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, 1 Youyi Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400016, China.
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Li X, Liu B, Yang J, Li G, Wen H, Zhang M, Li J, He F. DNA methylation in promoter region of immune related genes STAT3 and VEGFA and biochemical parameters change in muscle of Japanese flounder under acute hypoxia. DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2022; 129:104295. [PMID: 34662685 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2021.104295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2021] [Revised: 10/09/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Acute hypoxic stress can lead to immune response in fish, but the molecular mechanism of muscle immunity in fish under acute hypoxia are still unclear. In this study, we carried out the effect of signal transducer and activator of transcription3(STAT3) and vascular endothelial growth factor A(VEGFA) on muscle immune responses of Japanese flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus) during acute hypoxic stimulation (1.65 ± 0.28mg/L O2; 3h, 6h, 12h, 24h) and reoxygenation (7.30 ± 0.40mg/L O2; R12h, R24h, R48h). In situ hybridization (ISH) showed that STAT3 and VEGFA RNA were co-located in the skeletal muscle of Japanese flounder. Japanese flounder was seriously affected by hypoxia for 3h and 6h. The expression of STAT3 and VEGFA increased significantly. The methylation levels of STAT3 5'UTR region and VEGFA promoter region were significantly lower than those in normoxia group, which was negatively correlated with the expression levels of STAT3 and VEGFA. The enzyme activities (LDH, ALT, AST, ALP) changed significantly. In addition, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) detected a positive correlation between serum VEGFA concentration and muscle VEGFA mRNA. The current study have shown that Japanese flounder responded to acute hypoxic stress at multiple metabolic levels by changing DNA methylation status and activating transcription factors such as HIF-1α, Nrf2 and STAT3. It is significant for the scientific development of aquaculture through analyzing the effects of hypoxia on biological immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohui Li
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ocean University of China, Ministry of Education, Qingdao, 266003, PR China
| | - Binghua Liu
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ocean University of China, Ministry of Education, Qingdao, 266003, PR China
| | - Jun Yang
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ocean University of China, Ministry of Education, Qingdao, 266003, PR China
| | - Guangling Li
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ocean University of China, Ministry of Education, Qingdao, 266003, PR China
| | - Haishen Wen
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ocean University of China, Ministry of Education, Qingdao, 266003, PR China
| | - Meizhao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ocean University of China, Ministry of Education, Qingdao, 266003, PR China
| | - Jifang Li
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ocean University of China, Ministry of Education, Qingdao, 266003, PR China
| | - Feng He
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ocean University of China, Ministry of Education, Qingdao, 266003, PR China.
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Scott SR, March KL, Wang IW, Singh K, Liu J, Turrentine M, Sen CK, Wang M. Bone marrow- or adipose-mesenchymal stromal cell secretome preserves myocardial transcriptome profile and ameliorates cardiac damage following ex vivo cold storage. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2022; 164:1-12. [PMID: 34774548 PMCID: PMC8860861 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2021.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2021] [Revised: 10/24/2021] [Accepted: 11/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Heart transplantation, a life-saving approach for patients with end-stage heart disease, is limited by shortage of donor organs. While prolonged storage provides more organs, it increases the extent of ischemia. Therefore, we seek to understand molecular mechanisms underlying pathophysiological changes of donor hearts during prolonged storage. Additionally, considering mesenchymal stromal cell (MSC)-derived paracrine protection, we aim to test if MSC secretome preserves myocardial transcriptome profile and whether MSC secretome from a certain source provides the optimal protection in donor hearts during cold storage. METHODS AND RESULTS Isolated mouse hearts were divided into: no cold storage (control), 6 h cold storage (6 h-I), 6 h-I + conditioned media from bone marrow MSCs (BM-MSC CM), and 6 h-I + adipose-MSC CM (Ad-MSC CM). Deep RNA sequencing analysis revealed that compared to control, 6 h-I led to 266 differentially expressed genes, many of which were implicated in modulating mitochondrial performance, oxidative stress response, myocardial function, and apoptosis. BM-MSC CM and Ad-MSC CM restored these gene expression towards control. They also improved 6 h-I-induced myocardial functional depression, reduced inflammatory cytokine production, decreased apoptosis, and reduced myocardial H2O2. However, neither MSC-exosomes nor exosome-depleted CM recapitulated MSC CM-ameliorated apoptosis and CM-improved mitochondrial preservation during cold ischemia. Knockdown of Per2 by specific siRNA abolished MSC CM-mediated these protective effects in cardiomyocytes following 6 h cold storage. CONCLUSIONS Our results demonstrated that using MSC secretome (BM-MSCs and Ad-MSCs) during prolonged cold storage confers preservation of the normal transcriptional "fingerprint", and reduces donor heart damage. MSC-released soluble factors and exosomes may synergistically act for donor heart protection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susan R Scott
- Department of Surgery, IU School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, U.S.A
| | - Keith L March
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, IU School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, U.S.A,Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Center for Regenerative Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, U.S.A
| | - I-wen Wang
- Department of Surgery, IU School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, U.S.A,Methodist Hospital, IU Health, IU School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, U.S.A
| | - Kanhaiya Singh
- Department of Surgery, IU School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, U.S.A,Indiana Center for Regenerative Medicine and Engineering, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, U.S.A
| | - Jianyun Liu
- Department of Surgery, IU School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, U.S.A
| | - Mark Turrentine
- Department of Surgery, IU School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, U.S.A
| | - Chandan K Sen
- Department of Surgery, IU School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, U.S.A,Indiana Center for Regenerative Medicine and Engineering, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, U.S.A
| | - Meijing Wang
- Department of Surgery, IU School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
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Yan S, Ye P, Aleem MT, Chen X, Xie N, Zhang Y. Mesenchymal Stem Cells Overexpressing ACE2 Favorably Ameliorate LPS-Induced Inflammatory Injury in Mammary Epithelial Cells. Front Immunol 2022; 12:796744. [PMID: 35095873 PMCID: PMC8795506 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.796744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are capable of homing injury sites to exert anti-inflammatory as well as anti-damage effects and can be used as a vehicle for gene therapy. Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) plays an important role in numerous inflammatory diseases, but fewer studies have been reported in animal mastitis. We hypothesized that MSCs overexpressing ACE2 is more effective in ameliorating lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammatory injury in mammary epithelial cells compared to MSCs alone. The results showed that MSC-ACE2 inhibited the LPS induction by upregulation of TNF-α, IL-Iβ, IL-6, and iNOS mRNA expression levels in EpH4-Ev cells compared with MSCs. Furthermore, results showed that both MSC and MSC-ACE2 were significantly activated IL-10/STAT3/SOCS3 signaling pathway as well as inhibited TLR4/NF-κB and MAPK signaling pathways, but MSC-ACE2 had more significant effects. Meanwhile, MSC-ACE2 promoted the expression of proliferation-associated proteins and inhibited the expression of the apoptosis-associated proteins in EpH4-Ev cells. In addition, MSC and MSC-ACE2 reversed the LPS-induced downregulation expression levels of the tight junction proteins in mammary epithelial cells, indicating that both MSC as well as MSC-ACE2 could promote blood-milk barrier repair, and MSC-ACE2 was more effective. These results suggested that MSCs overexpressing ACE2 were more anti-inflammatory as well as anti-injurious action into LPS-induced inflammatory injury in the EpH4-Ev cells. Thus, MSCs overexpressing ACE2 is expected to serve as a potential strategy for mastitis treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuping Yan
- Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology and Biochemistry, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Pingsheng Ye
- Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology and Biochemistry, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Muhammad Tahir Aleem
- Ministry of Education (MOE) Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xi Chen
- Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology and Biochemistry, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Nana Xie
- Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology and Biochemistry, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yuanshu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology and Biochemistry, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
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11
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Jiao D, Wang J, Yu W, Zhang K, Zhang N, Cao L, Jiang X, Bai Y. Biocompatible reduced graphene oxide stimulated BMSCs induce acceleration of bone remodeling and orthodontic tooth movement through promotion on osteoclastogenesis and angiogenesis. Bioact Mater 2022; 15:409-425. [PMID: 35386350 PMCID: PMC8958387 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2022.01.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Revised: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
We has synthesized the biocompatible gelatin reduced graphene oxide (GOG) in previous research, and in this study we would further evaluate its effects on bone remodeling in the aspects of osteoclastogenesis and angiogenesis so as to verify its impact on accelerating orthodontic tooth movement. The mouse orthodontic tooth movement (OTM) model tests in vivo showed that the tooth movement was accelerated in the GOG local injection group with more osteoclastic bone resorption and neovascularization compared with the PBS injection group. The analysis on the degradation of GOG in bone marrow stromal stem cells (BMSCs) illustrated its good biocompatibility in vitro and the accumulation of GOG in spleen after local injection of GOG around the teeth in OTM model in vivo also didn't influence the survival and life of animals. The co-culture of BMSCs with hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) or human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) in transwell chamber systems were constructed to test the effects of GOG stimulated BMSCs on osteoclastogenesis and angiogenesis in vitro. With the GOG stimulated BMSCs co-culture in upper chamber of transwell, the HSCs in lower chamber manifested the enhanced osteoclastogenesis. Meanwhile, the co-culture of GOG stimulated BMSCs with HUVECs showed a promotive effect on the angiogenic ability of HUVECs. The mechanism analysis on the biofunctions of the GOG stimulated BMSCs illustrated the important regulatory effects of PERK pathway on osteoclastogenesis and angiogenesis. All the results showed the biosecurity of GOG and the biological functions of GOG stimulated BMSCs in accelerating bone remodeling and tooth movement. Here we observed the phenomenon of tooth movement acceleration induced by GOG in vivo. We hypothesized the pivotal role of BMSCs in the tooth movement acceleration induced by GOG. The effects of the GOG stimulated BMSCs on the osteoclastogenesis and angiogenesis were investigated in vitro. The potential mechanism of the GOG stimulated BMSCs were also analyzed in vitro and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Delong Jiao
- Institute of Dental Research, Beijing Stomatological Hospital & School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Orthodontics, Beijing Stomatological Hospital & School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Wenting Yu
- Department of Orthodontics, Beijing Stomatological Hospital & School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Ke Zhang
- Department of Orthodontics, Beijing Stomatological Hospital & School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Ning Zhang
- Department of Orthodontics, Beijing Stomatological Hospital & School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Lingyan Cao
- Department of Prosthodontics, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine; College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University; National Center for Stomatology; National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology; Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Advanced Dental Technology and Materials, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Xinquan Jiang
- Department of Prosthodontics, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine; College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University; National Center for Stomatology; National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology; Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Advanced Dental Technology and Materials, Shanghai, 200011, China
- Corresponding author.
| | - Yuxing Bai
- Department of Orthodontics, Beijing Stomatological Hospital & School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100050, China
- Corresponding author.
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Xiao H, Wu D, Yang T, Fu W, Yang L, Hu C, Wan H, Hu X, Zhang C, Wu T. Extracellular vesicles derived from HBMSCs improved myocardial infarction through inhibiting zinc finger antisense 1 and activating Akt/Nrf2/HO-1 pathway. Bioengineered 2022; 13:905-916. [PMID: 34974805 PMCID: PMC8805844 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2021.2014389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Revised: 11/29/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Myocardial infarction (MI) is believed to be one of the most common cardiovascular diseases, and it is seriously threatening the health of people in the world. The extracellular vesicles (EVs) isolated from mesenchymal stem cells and zinc finger antisense 1 (ZFAS1) have been believed to be involved in the regulation of MI, but the mechanism has not been fully clarified. Left anterior descending artery ligation was used to establish MI animal model, hypoxia treatment was applied to establish MI cell model. CCK8, transwell, and wound healing methods were applied to measure cell proliferation, invasion, and migration. Overexpression of ZFAS1 was established via transfecting pcDNA-ZFAS1. Overexpression of ZFAS1 significantly reversed the influence of EVs on cell migration, invasion, and apoptosis. Similar effect of EVs and ZFAS1 on morphological changes of MI rat heart tissues were also observed. The activation of Akt/Nrf2/HO-1 pathway by EVs was remarkably suppressed by pcDNA-ZFAS1. Inhibitor of Akt/Nrf2/HO-1 pathway remarkably reversed the impact of EVs on the cell viability. EVs might improve MI through inhibiting ZFAS1 and promoting Akt/Nrf2/HO-1 pathway. This study might provide a new thought for the prevention and treatment of MI damage through regulating ZFAS1 or Akt/Nrf2/HO-1 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiling Xiao
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Dan Wu
- Department of medical technology, Jiangxi Health Vocational College, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Tao Yang
- Department of Emergency, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Wei Fu
- Department of Emergency, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Lu Yang
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Chenkai Hu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Hongbing Wan
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Xiaomin Hu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Chenjie Zhang
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Tao Wu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
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13
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Chen L, Zhang RY, Xie J, Yang JY, Fang KH, Hong CX, Yang RB, Bsoul N, Yang L. STAT3 activation by catalpol promotes osteogenesis-angiogenesis coupling, thus accelerating osteoporotic bone repair. Stem Cell Res Ther 2021; 12:108. [PMID: 33541442 PMCID: PMC7863540 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-021-02178-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2020] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bone fracture repair has gained a lot of attention due to the high incidence of delayed union or even nonunion especially in osteoporotic patients, resulting in a dreadful impact on the quality of life. However, current therapies involve the costly expense and hence become unaffordable strategies for fracture recovery. Herein, developing new strategies for better bone repair is essential and urgent. Catalpol treatment has been reported to attenuate bone loss and promote bone formation. However, the mechanisms underlying its effects remain unraveled. METHODS Rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) were isolated from rat femurs. BMSC osteogenic ability was assessed using ALP and ARS staining, immunofluorescence, and western blot analysis. BMSC-mediated angiogenic potentials were determined using the western blot analysis, ELISA testing, scratch wound assay, transwell migration assay, and tube formation assay. To investigate the molecular mechanism, the lentivirus transfection was used. Ovariectomized and sham-operated rats with calvaria defect were analyzed using micro-CT, H&E staining, Masson's trichrome staining, microfil perfusion, sequential fluorescent labeling, and immunohistochemistry assessment after administrated with/without catalpol. RESULTS Our results manifested that catalpol enhanced BMSC osteoblastic differentiation and promoted BMSC-mediated angiogenesis in vitro. More importantly, this was conducted via the JAK2/STAT3 pathway, as knockdown of STAT3 partially abolished beneficial effects in BMSCs. Besides, catalpol administration facilitated bone regeneration as well as vessel formation in an OVX-induced osteoporosis calvarial defect rat model. CONCLUSIONS The data above showed that catalpol could promote osteogenic ability of BMSC and BMSC-dependent angiogenesis through activation of the JAK2/STAT3 axis, suggesting it may be an ideal therapeutic agent for clinical medication of osteoporotic bone fracture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Chen
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, China.,Key Laboratory of Orthopaedics of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou, 325000, China
| | - Ri-Yan Zhang
- School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, China
| | - Jun Xie
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, China.,Key Laboratory of Orthopaedics of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou, 325000, China
| | - Jia-Yi Yang
- Department of Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325027, China
| | - Kang-Hao Fang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, China.,Key Laboratory of Orthopaedics of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou, 325000, China
| | - Chen-Xuan Hong
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, China.,Key Laboratory of Orthopaedics of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou, 325000, China
| | - Rong-Bo Yang
- Medical College, Zhejiang Jiaxing College, Jiaxing, 314000, China
| | - Najeeb Bsoul
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, China
| | - Lei Yang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, China. .,Key Laboratory of Orthopaedics of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou, 325000, China.
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14
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Ellis BW, Traktuev DO, Merfeld-Clauss S, Can UI, Wang M, Bergeron R, Zorlutuna P, March KL. Adipose stem cell secretome markedly improves rodent heart and human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocyte recovery from cardioplegic transport solution exposure. STEM CELLS (DAYTON, OHIO) 2020; 39:170-182. [PMID: 33159685 DOI: 10.1002/stem.3296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2020] [Accepted: 10/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Heart transplantation is a life-saving therapy for end-stage organ failure. Organ deterioration during transportation limits storage to 4 hours, limiting hearts available. Approaches ameliorating organ damage could increase the number of hearts acceptable for transplantation. Prior studies show that adipose-derived stem/stromal cell secretome (ASC-S) rescues tissues from postischemic damage in vivo. This study tested whether ASC-S preserved the function of mouse hearts and human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (iCM) exposed to organ transportation and transplantation conditions. Hearts were subjected to cold University of Wisconsin (UW) cardioplegic solution ± ASC-S for 6 hours followed by analysis using the Langendorff technique. In parallel, the effects of ASC-S on the recovery of iCM from UW solution were examined when provided either during or after cold cardioplegia. Exposure of hearts and iCM to UW deteriorated contractile activity and caused cell apoptosis, worsening in iCM as a function of exposure time; these were ameliorated by augmenting with ASC-S. Silencing of superoxide dismutase 3 and catalase expression prior to secretome generation compromised the ASC-S cardiomyocyte-protective effects. In this study, a novel in vitro iCM model was developed to complement a rodent heart model in assessing efficacy of approaches to improve cardiac preservation. ASC-S displays strong cardioprotective activity on iCM either with or following cold cardioplegia. This effect is associated with ASC-S-mediated cellular clearance of reactive oxygen species. The effect of ASC-S on the temporal recovery of iCM function supports the possibility of lengthening heart storage by augmenting cardioplegic transport solution with ASC-S, expanding the pool of hearts for transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bradley W Ellis
- Bioengineering Graduate Program, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana, USA
| | - Dmitry O Traktuev
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine and Center for Regenerative Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA.,Malcom Randall Veterans' Affairs Medical Center, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Stephanie Merfeld-Clauss
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine and Center for Regenerative Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA.,Malcom Randall Veterans' Affairs Medical Center, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Uryan Isik Can
- Department of Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana, USA
| | - Meijing Wang
- The Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Ray Bergeron
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine and Center for Regenerative Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Pinar Zorlutuna
- Bioengineering Graduate Program, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana, USA.,Department of Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana, USA
| | - Keith L March
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine and Center for Regenerative Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA.,Malcom Randall Veterans' Affairs Medical Center, Gainesville, Florida, USA
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15
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Abstract
The 2019 Necrotizing Enterocolitis (NEC) Symposium expanded upon the NEC Society's goals of bringing stakeholders together to discuss cutting-edge science, potential therapeutics and preventative measures, as well as the patient-family perspectives of NEC. The Symposium facilitated discussions and shared knowledge with the overarching goal of creating "A World Without NEC." To accomplish this goal, new research to advance the state of the science is necessary. Over the last decade, several established investigators have significantly improved our understanding of the pathophysiology of NEC and they have paved the way for the next generation of clinician-scientists funded to perform NEC research. This article will serve to highlight the contributions of these young clinician-scientists that seek to elucidate how immune, microbial and nervous system dysregulation contributes to the pathophysiology of NEC.
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16
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Li Z, Zhang N, Zhu L, Nan J, Shen J, Wang Z, Lin Y. Growth hormone-releasing hormone promotes therapeutic effects of peripheral blood endothelial progenitor cells in ischemic repair. J Endocrinol Invest 2020; 43:315-328. [PMID: 31506908 DOI: 10.1007/s40618-019-01109-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2019] [Accepted: 08/30/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE In peripheral artery disease, blockage of the blood supply to the limbs leads to blood flow attenuation and tissue ischemia. We investigated whether growth hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH) could enhance the biological functions and therapeutic effects of endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) derived from adult human peripheral blood (PB). METHODS EPCs were isolated from human PB (PB-EPCs) and cord blood and expanded in vitro. PB-EPCs incubated with or without GHRH were evaluated for proliferation, migration, and angiogenesis capacity and apoptosis rates under oxidative stress conditions. Activation of STAT3 and Akt pathways was evaluated using Western blot. A hind-limb ischemia (HLI) mouse model was used to study the efficacy of GHRH in improving EPC therapy in vivo. RESULTS GHRH enhanced the proliferation, migration, and angiogenesis capacity of PB-EPCs and reduced apoptosis under H2O2 stimulation. These beneficial effects were GHRH receptor-dependent and were paralleled by increased phosphorylation of STAT3 and Akt. Transplantation of GHRH-preconditioned EPCs into HLI model mice enhanced blood flow recovery by increasing vascular formation density and enhanced tissue regeneration at the lesion site. CONCLUSION Our studies demonstrate a novel role for GHRH in dramatically improving therapeutic angiogenesis in HLI by enhancing the biological functions of EPCs. These findings support additional studies to explore the full potential of GHRH in augmenting cell therapy for the management of ischemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z Li
- Research Institute of Experimental Neurobiology, Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - N Zhang
- Research Institute of Experimental Neurobiology, Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - L Zhu
- Provincial Key Cardiovascular Research Laboratory, Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310009, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - J Nan
- Provincial Key Cardiovascular Research Laboratory, Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310009, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - J Shen
- Provincial Key Cardiovascular Research Laboratory, Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310009, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Z Wang
- Wenzhou Municipal Key Cardiovascular Research Laboratory, Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Y Lin
- Wenzhou Municipal Key Cardiovascular Research Laboratory, Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China.
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17
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Pinho AG, Cibrão JR, Silva NA, Monteiro S, Salgado AJ. Cell Secretome: Basic Insights and Therapeutic Opportunities for CNS Disorders. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2020; 13:E31. [PMID: 32093352 PMCID: PMC7169381 DOI: 10.3390/ph13020031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2020] [Accepted: 02/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Transplantation of stem cells, in particular mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), stands as a promising therapy for trauma, stroke or neurodegenerative conditions such as spinal cord or traumatic brain injuries (SCI or TBI), ischemic stroke (IS), or Parkinson's disease (PD). Over the last few years, cell transplantation-based approaches have started to focus on the use of cell byproducts, with a strong emphasis on cell secretome. Having this in mind, the present review discusses the current state of the art of secretome-based therapy applications in different central nervous system (CNS) pathologies. For this purpose, the following topics are discussed: (1) What are the main cell secretome sources, composition, and associated collection techniques; (2) Possible differences of the therapeutic potential of the protein and vesicular fraction of the secretome; and (3) Impact of the cell secretome on CNS-related problems such as SCI, TBI, IS, and PD. With this, we aim to clarify some of the main questions that currently exist in the field of secretome-based therapies and consequently gain new knowledge that may help in the clinical application of secretome in CNS disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreia G. Pinho
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal; (A.G.P.); (J.R.C.); (N.A.S.); (S.M.)
- ICVS/3B’s PT Government Associate Laboratory, 4710-057 Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Jorge R. Cibrão
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal; (A.G.P.); (J.R.C.); (N.A.S.); (S.M.)
- ICVS/3B’s PT Government Associate Laboratory, 4710-057 Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Nuno A. Silva
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal; (A.G.P.); (J.R.C.); (N.A.S.); (S.M.)
- ICVS/3B’s PT Government Associate Laboratory, 4710-057 Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Susana Monteiro
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal; (A.G.P.); (J.R.C.); (N.A.S.); (S.M.)
- ICVS/3B’s PT Government Associate Laboratory, 4710-057 Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - António J. Salgado
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal; (A.G.P.); (J.R.C.); (N.A.S.); (S.M.)
- ICVS/3B’s PT Government Associate Laboratory, 4710-057 Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
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18
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Yu X, Wan Q, Ye X, Cheng Y, Pathak JL, Li Z. Cellular hypoxia promotes osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells and bone defect healing via STAT3 signaling. Cell Mol Biol Lett 2019; 24:64. [PMID: 31827540 PMCID: PMC6889321 DOI: 10.1186/s11658-019-0191-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2019] [Accepted: 11/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Hypoxia in the vicinity of bone defects triggers the osteogenic differentiation of precursor cells and promotes healing. The activation of STAT3 signaling in mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) has similarly been reported to mediate bone regeneration. However, the interaction between hypoxia and STAT3 signaling in the osteogenic differentiation of precursor cells during bone defect healing is still unknown. Methods In this study, we assessed the impact of different durations of CoCl2-induced cellular hypoxia on the osteogenic differentiation of MSCs. Role of STAT3 signaling on hypoxia induced osteogenic differentiation was analyzed both in vitro and in vivo. The interaction between cellular hypoxia and STAT3 signaling in vivo was investigated in a mouse femoral bone defect model. Results The peak osteogenic differentiation and expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) occurred after 3 days of hypoxia. Inhibiting STAT3 reversed this effect. Hypoxia enhanced the expression of hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha (HIF-1α) and STAT3 phosphorylation in MSCs. Histology and μ-CT results showed that CoCl2 treatment enhanced bone defect healing. Inhibiting STAT3 reduced this effect. Immunohistochemistry results showed that CoCl2 treatment enhanced Hif-1α, ALP and pSTAT3 expression in cells present in the bone defect area and that inhibiting STAT3 reduced this effect. Conclusions The in vitro study revealed that the duration of hypoxia is crucial for osteogenic differentiation of precursor cells. The results from both the in vitro and in vivo studies show the role of STAT3 signaling in hypoxia-induced osteogenic differentiation of precursor cells and bone defect healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Yu
- 1The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) and Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine, Ministry of Education, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, 237 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, 430079 China.,2Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Trauma and Plastic Surgery, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, 237 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, 430079 China.,3Department of Stomatology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022 China
| | - Qilong Wan
- 2Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Trauma and Plastic Surgery, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, 237 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, 430079 China
| | - Xiaoling Ye
- 1The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) and Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine, Ministry of Education, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, 237 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, 430079 China
| | - Yuet Cheng
- 1The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) and Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine, Ministry of Education, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, 237 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, 430079 China
| | - Janak L Pathak
- 4Key Laboratory of Oral Medicine, Guangzhou Institute of Oral Disease, Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510140 China
| | - Zubing Li
- 1The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) and Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine, Ministry of Education, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, 237 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, 430079 China.,2Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Trauma and Plastic Surgery, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, 237 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, 430079 China
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19
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Enhancing the Wound Healing Effect of Conditioned Medium Collected from Mesenchymal Stem Cells with High Passage Number Using Bioreducible Nanoparticles. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20194835. [PMID: 31569434 PMCID: PMC6801963 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20194835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2019] [Revised: 09/18/2019] [Accepted: 09/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Injecting human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) at wound sites is known to have a therapeutic effect; however, hMSCs have several limitations, such as low viability and poor engraftment after injection, as well as a potential risk of oncogenesis. The use of a conditioned medium (CM) was suggested as an alternative method for treating various wounds instead of direct hMSC administration. In addition to not having the adverse effects associated with hMSCs, a CM can be easily mass produced and can be stored for long-term, thereby making it useful for clinical applications. In general, a CM is collected from hMSCs with low passage number; whereas, the hMSCs with high passage number are usually discarded because of their low therapeutic efficacy as a result of reduced angiogenic factor secretion. Herein, we used a CM collected from high passage number (passage 12, P12) hMSCs treated with gold-iron nanoparticles (AuFe NPs). Our AuFe NPs were designed to release the iron ion intracellularly via endocytosis. Endosomes with low pH can dissolve iron from AuFe NPs, and thus, the intracellularly released iron ions up-regulate the hypoxia-inducible factor 1α and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression. Through this mechanism, AuFe NPs improve the amount of VEGF expression from P12 hMSCs so that it is comparable to the amount of VEGF expression from low passage number (passage 6, P6), without treatment. Furthermore, we injected the CM retrieved from P12 MSCs treated with AuFe NPs in the mouse skin wound model (AuFe P12 group). AuFe P12 group revealed significantly enhanced angiogenesis in the mouse skin wound model compared to the high passage hMSC CM-injected group. Moreover, the result from the AuFe P12 group was similar to that of the low passage hMSC CM-injected group. Both the AuFe P12 group and low passage hMSC CM-injected group presented significantly enhanced re-epithelization, angiogenesis, and tissue remodeling compared to the high passage hMSC CM-injected group. This study reveals a new strategy for tissue regeneration based on CM injection without considering the high cell passage count.
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20
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Mahmoud M, Abu-Shahba N, Azmy O, El-Badri N. Impact of Diabetes Mellitus on Human Mesenchymal Stromal Cell Biology and Functionality: Implications for Autologous Transplantation. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2019; 15:194-217. [DOI: 10.1007/s12015-018-9869-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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21
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Patel S, Athirasala A, Menezes PP, Ashwanikumar N, Zou T, Sahay G, Bertassoni LE. Messenger RNA Delivery for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine Applications. Tissue Eng Part A 2019; 25:91-112. [PMID: 29661055 PMCID: PMC6352544 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2017.0444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2017] [Accepted: 04/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The ability to control cellular processes and precisely direct cellular reprogramming has revolutionized regenerative medicine. Recent advances in in vitro transcribed (IVT) mRNA technology with chemical modifications have led to development of methods that control spatiotemporal gene expression. Additionally, there is a current thrust toward the development of safe, integration-free approaches to gene therapy for translational purposes. In this review, we describe strategies of synthetic IVT mRNA modifications and nonviral technologies for intracellular delivery. We provide insights into the current tissue engineering approaches that use a hydrogel scaffold with genetic material. Furthermore, we discuss the transformative potential of novel mRNA formulations that when embedded in hydrogels can trigger controlled genetic manipulation to regenerate tissues and organs in vitro and in vivo. The role of mRNA delivery in vascularization, cytoprotection, and Cas9-mediated xenotransplantation is additionally highlighted. Harmonizing mRNA delivery vehicle interactions with polymeric scaffolds can be used to present genetic cues that lead to precise command over cellular reprogramming, differentiation, and secretome activity of stem cells-an ultimate goal for tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siddharth Patel
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Collaborative Life Science Building, Oregon State University, Portland, Oregon
| | - Avathamsa Athirasala
- Division of Biomaterials and Biomechanics, Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon
| | - Paula P. Menezes
- Division of Biomaterials and Biomechanics, Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon
- Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, Department of Pharmacy, Federal University of Sergipe, Aracaju, Sergipe, Brazil
| | - N. Ashwanikumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Collaborative Life Science Building, Oregon State University, Portland, Oregon
| | - Ting Zou
- Division of Biomaterials and Biomechanics, Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon
- Endodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China
| | - Gaurav Sahay
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Collaborative Life Science Building, Oregon State University, Portland, Oregon
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Collaborative Life Science Building, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon
| | - Luiz E. Bertassoni
- Division of Biomaterials and Biomechanics, Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Collaborative Life Science Building, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon
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Störmann P, Kupsch J, Kontradowitz K, Leiblein M, Verboket R, Seebach C, Marzi I, Henrich D, Nau C. Cultivation of EPC and co-cultivation with MSC on β-TCP granules in vitro is feasible without fibronectin coating but influenced by scaffolds' design. Eur J Trauma Emerg Surg 2018. [PMID: 29523894 DOI: 10.1007/s00068-018-0935-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Meanwhile, the osteoconductive properties of frequently used synthetic bone grafts can be improved by the use of osteoinductive cells and growth factors. Nevertheless, the cultivation of endothelial progenitor cells (EPC) seems to be difficult and requires a pre-conditioning of the scaffolds with fibronectin. Additionally, the influence of the scaffolds' design on cell cultivation is not fully elucidated. METHODS As scaffold, a commercially available β-tricalcium phosphate was used. 5 × 105 EPC, or 5 × 105 MSC or a combination of each 2.5 × 105 cells was seeded onto the granules. We investigated seeding efficiency, cell morphology, cell metabolism, adherence, apoptosis and gene expression of EPC and MSC in this in vitro study on days 2, 6 and 10. RESULTS Total number of adherent cells was higher on the β-TCP without fibronectin coating. The number of cells in all approaches significantly declined when a solid β-TCP was used. Metabolic activity of MSC was comparable throughout the scaffolds and increased until day 10. Additionally, the amount of supernatants VEGF was higher for MSC than for EPC. DISCUSSION Our results demonstrate that a coating of the scaffold for successful cultivation of EPC in vitro is not necessary. Furthermore, our study showed that structural differences of the scaffolds significantly influenced cell adherence and metabolic activity. Thereby, the influence on EPC seems to be higher than on MSC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philipp Störmann
- Department of Trauma, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, Hospital of the Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University Frankfurt am Main, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590, Frankfurt, Germany.
| | - Juliane Kupsch
- Department of Trauma, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, Hospital of the Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University Frankfurt am Main, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Kerstin Kontradowitz
- Department of Trauma, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, Hospital of the Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University Frankfurt am Main, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Maximilian Leiblein
- Department of Trauma, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, Hospital of the Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University Frankfurt am Main, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - René Verboket
- Department of Trauma, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, Hospital of the Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University Frankfurt am Main, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Caroline Seebach
- Department of Trauma, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, Hospital of the Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University Frankfurt am Main, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Ingo Marzi
- Department of Trauma, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, Hospital of the Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University Frankfurt am Main, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Dirk Henrich
- Department of Trauma, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, Hospital of the Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University Frankfurt am Main, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Christoph Nau
- Department of Trauma, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, Hospital of the Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University Frankfurt am Main, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590, Frankfurt, Germany
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Yu T, Xu YY, Zhang YY, Li KY, Shao Y, Liu G. Plumbagin suppresses the human large cell lung cancer cell lines by inhibiting IL-6/STAT3 signaling in vitro. Int Immunopharmacol 2018; 55:290-296. [DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2017.12.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2017] [Revised: 12/14/2017] [Accepted: 12/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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Peng BY, Dubey NK, Mishra VK, Tsai FC, Dubey R, Deng WP, Wei HJ. Addressing Stem Cell Therapeutic Approaches in Pathobiology of Diabetes and Its Complications. J Diabetes Res 2018; 2018:7806435. [PMID: 30046616 PMCID: PMC6036791 DOI: 10.1155/2018/7806435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2018] [Revised: 04/19/2018] [Accepted: 05/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
High morbidity and mortality of diabetes mellitus (DM) throughout the human population is a serious threat which needs to be addressed cautiously. Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) are most prevalent forms. Disruption in insulin regulation and resistance leads to increased formation and accumulation of advanced end products (AGEs), which further enhance oxidative and nitrosative stress leading to microvascular (retinopathy, neuropathy, and nephropathy) and macrovascular complications. These complications affect the normal function of organ and tissues and may cause life-threatening disorders, if hyperglycemia persists and improperly controlled. Current and traditional treatment procedures are only focused on to regulate the insulin level and do not cure the diabetic complications. Pancreatic transplantation seemed a viable alternative; however, it is limited due to lack of donors. Cell-based therapy such as stem cells is considered as a promising therapeutic agent against DM and diabetic complications owing to their multilineage differentiation and regeneration potential. Previous studies have demonstrated the various impacts of both pluripotent and multipotent stem cells on DM and its micro- and macrovascular complications. Therefore, this review summarizes the potential of stem cells to treat DM and its related complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bou-Yue Peng
- School of Dentistry, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei City 110, Taiwan
- Department of Dentistry, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei City 110, Taiwan
| | - Navneet Kumar Dubey
- Ceramics and Biomaterials Research Group, Advanced Institute of Materials Science, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
- Faculty of Applied Sciences, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Viraj Krishna Mishra
- Applied Biotech Engineering Centre (ABEC), Department of Biotechnology, Ambala College of Engineering and Applied Research, Ambala, India
| | - Feng-Chou Tsai
- Department of Stem Cell Research, Cosmetic Clinic Group, Taipei City 110, Taiwan
| | - Rajni Dubey
- Graduate Institute of Food Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei City 106, Taiwan
| | - Win-Ping Deng
- School of Dentistry, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei City 110, Taiwan
- Stem Cell Research Center, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Basic Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City 242, Taiwan
| | - Hong-Jian Wei
- Stem Cell Research Center, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- School of Dental Technology, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei City 110, Taiwan
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25
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Shi Q, Gao J, Jiang Y, Sun B, Lu W, Su M, Xu Y, Yang X, Zhang Y. Differentiation of human umbilical cord Wharton's jelly-derived mesenchymal stem cells into endometrial cells. Stem Cell Res Ther 2017; 8:246. [PMID: 29096715 PMCID: PMC5667478 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-017-0700-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2017] [Revised: 10/12/2017] [Accepted: 10/16/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Wharton's jelly-derived mesenchymal stem cells (WJ-MSCs) are a novel and promising strategy for tissue engineering because of their ability to differentiate into many cell types. We characterized the differentiation of WJ-MSCs into endometrial epithelial cell (EEC)-like and endometrial stromal cell (ESC)-like cells and assessed the effect of 17β-estradiol and 8-Br-cAMP on the differentiation system. METHODS WJ-MSCs were treated in two ways to differentiate into EEC-like and ESC-like cells respectively: cocultured with ESCs in control/differentiation medium (17β-estradiol, growth factors); and cultured in control/differentiation medium (8-Br-cAMP alone or 8-Br-cAMP plus 17β-estrogen and growth factors). Three signaling pathway inhibitors (SB203580, PD98059, H89) were used to investigate the mechanism of WJ-MSC differentiation into ESC-like cells. Immunofluorescence, western blot and flow cytometry analyses were used to analyze expression of epithelial markers and stromal cell markers. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays were used to test the production of secretory proteins associated with the differentiation of ESC-like cells. RESULTS 17β-estradiol at 1 μM downregulated vimentin and CD13 and upregulated cytokeratin and CD9 proteins, promoting the differentiation of WJ-MSCs into EEC-like cells in the coculture system. 8-Br-cAMP at 0.5 mM upregulated vimentin and CD13 and downregulated CK and CD9, promoting the differentiation of WJ-MSCs into ESC-like cells. Prolactin (PRL) and insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 1 (IGFBP1) were upregulated and the protein kinase A (PKA) signaling pathway was activated, whereas extracellular signal-regulated (ERK)1/2 and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) were not affected. CONCLUSIONS 17β-estradiol at 1 μM is a good inducer for facilitating the differentiation of WJ-MSCs into EEC-like cells. 8-Br-cAMP plus estrogen and growth factors can induce the differentiation of WJ-MSCs into ESC-like cells. During the differentiation of WJ-MSCs into ESC-like cells, PRL and IGFBP1 were upregulated by the treatment and the PKA signaling pathway was activated, whereas ERK1/2 and p38 MAPK were not affected. These findings suggest a promising approach to the treatment of endometrial damage and other endometrial diseases and suggest new applications for WJ-MSCs in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Shi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, People's Republic of China
| | - JingWei Gao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Soochow, People's Republic of China
| | - Yao Jiang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Soochow, People's Republic of China
| | - Baolan Sun
- Department of Pediatrics, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Lu
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, People's Republic of China
| | - Min Su
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, People's Republic of China
| | - Yunzhao Xu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoqing Yang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, People's Republic of China. .,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University School of Medicine, 19 Xishi Road, Nantong, Jiangsu, 226006, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yuquan Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, People's Republic of China. .,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University School of Medicine, 19 Xishi Road, Nantong, Jiangsu, 226006, People's Republic of China.
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Apple DM, Kokovay E. Vascular niche contribution to age-associated neural stem cell dysfunction. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2017; 313:H896-H902. [PMID: 28801522 PMCID: PMC5792207 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00154.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2017] [Revised: 08/01/2017] [Accepted: 08/05/2017] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Neural stem cells (NSCs) persist throughout life in the dentate gyrus and the ventricular-subventricular zone, where they continuously provide new neurons and some glia. These cells are found in specialized niches that regulate quiescence, activation, differentiation, and cell fate choice. A key aspect of the regulatory niche is the vascular plexus, which modulates NSC behavior during tissue homeostasis and regeneration. During aging, NSCs become depleted and dysfunctional, resulting in reduced neurogenesis and poor brain repair. In this review, we discuss the emerging evidence that changes in the vascular niche both structurally and functionally contribute to reduced neurogenesis during aging and how this might contribute to reduced plasticity and repair in the aged brain.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Erzsebet Kokovay
- Department of Cell Systems and Anatomy, Barshop Institute for Aging and Longevity Studies, UT Health San Antonio, San Anontio, Texas
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Li Y, Zhang X, Cui L, Chen R, Zhang Y, Zhang C, Zhu X, He T, Shen Z, Dong L, Zhao J, Wen Y, Zheng X, Li P. Salvianolic acids enhance cerebral angiogenesis and neurological recovery by activating JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway after ischemic stroke in mice. J Neurochem 2017; 143:87-99. [PMID: 28771727 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.14140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2017] [Revised: 07/18/2017] [Accepted: 07/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yaoru Li
- Department of Neurology; Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University; Shijiazhuang Hebei China
| | - Xiangjian Zhang
- Department of Neurology; Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University; Shijiazhuang Hebei China
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Vascular Homeostasis and Hebei Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardio-cerebrovascular Disease; Shijiazhuang Hebei China
| | - Lili Cui
- Department of Neurology; Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University; Shijiazhuang Hebei China
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Vascular Homeostasis and Hebei Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardio-cerebrovascular Disease; Shijiazhuang Hebei China
| | - Rong Chen
- Department of Neurology; Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University; Shijiazhuang Hebei China
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Vascular Homeostasis and Hebei Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardio-cerebrovascular Disease; Shijiazhuang Hebei China
| | - Ye Zhang
- Department of Neurology; Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University; Shijiazhuang Hebei China
| | - Cong Zhang
- Department of Neurology; Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University; Shijiazhuang Hebei China
| | - Xingyuan Zhu
- Department of Neurology; Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University; Shijiazhuang Hebei China
| | - Tingting He
- Department of Neurology; Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University; Shijiazhuang Hebei China
| | - Zuyuan Shen
- Department of Neurology; Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University; Shijiazhuang Hebei China
| | - Lipeng Dong
- Department of Neurology; Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University; Shijiazhuang Hebei China
| | - Jingru Zhao
- Department of Neurology; Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University; Shijiazhuang Hebei China
| | - Ya Wen
- Department of Neurology; Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University; Shijiazhuang Hebei China
| | - Xiufen Zheng
- Department of Neurology; Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University; Shijiazhuang Hebei China
| | - Pan Li
- Department of Neurology; Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University; Shijiazhuang Hebei China
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Gao P, Niu N, Wei T, Tozawa H, Chen X, Zhang C, Zhang J, Wada Y, Kapron CM, Liu J. The roles of signal transducer and activator of transcription factor 3 in tumor angiogenesis. Oncotarget 2017; 8:69139-69161. [PMID: 28978186 PMCID: PMC5620326 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.19932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2017] [Accepted: 07/26/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Angiogenesis is the development of new blood vessels, which is required for tumor growth and metastasis. Signal transducer and activator of transcription factor 3 (STAT3) is a transcription factor that regulates a variety of cellular events including proliferation, differentiation and apoptosis. Previous studies revealed that activation of STAT3 promotes tumor angiogenesis. In this review, we described the activities of STAT3 signaling in different cell types involved in angiogenesis. Particularly, we elucidated the molecular mechanisms of STAT3-mediated gene regulation in angiogenic endothelial cells in response to external stimulations such as hypoxia and inflammation. The potential for STAT3 as a therapeutic target was also discussed. Overall, this review provides mechanistic insights for the roles of STAT3 signaling in tumor angiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Gao
- Medical Research Center, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Na Niu
- Department of Pediatrics, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Tianshu Wei
- Medical Research Center, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Hideto Tozawa
- The Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology, Isotope Science Center, The University of Tokyo, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Xiaocui Chen
- Medical Research Center, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Caiqing Zhang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Jiandong Zhang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Youichiro Wada
- The Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology, Isotope Science Center, The University of Tokyo, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Carolyn M Kapron
- Department of Biology, Trent University, Peterborough, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ju Liu
- Medical Research Center, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
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Zarychta-Wiśniewska W, Burdzinska A, Kulesza A, Gala K, Kaleta B, Zielniok K, Siennicka K, Sabat M, Paczek L. Bmp-12 activates tenogenic pathway in human adipose stem cells and affects their immunomodulatory and secretory properties. BMC Cell Biol 2017; 18:13. [PMID: 28214472 PMCID: PMC5316159 DOI: 10.1186/s12860-017-0129-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2016] [Accepted: 02/08/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cell-based therapy is a treatment method in tendon injuries. Bone morphogenic protein 12 (BMP-12) possesses tenogenic activity and was proposed as a differentiating factor for stem cells directed to transplantation. However, BMPs belong to pleiotropic TGF-β superfamily and have diverse effect on cells. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine if BMP-12 induces tenogenic differentiation of human adipose stem cells (hASCs) and how it affects other features of this population. RESULTS Human ASCs from 6 healthy donors were treated or not with BMP-12 (50 or 100 ng/ml, 7 days) and tested for gene expression (COLL1, SCX, MKH, DCN, TNC, RUNX2), protein expression (COLL1, COLL3, MKH), proliferation, migration, secretory activity, immunomodulatory properties and susceptibility to oxidative stress. RT-PCR revealed up-regulation of SCX, MKH and RUNX2 genes in BMP-12 treated cells (2.05, 2.65 and 1.87 fold in comparison to control, respectively, p < 0.05) and Western Blot revealed significant increase of COLL1 and MHK expression after BMP-12 treatment. Addition of BMP-12 significantly enhanced secretion of VEGF, IL-6, MMP-1 and MPP-8 by hASCs while had no effect on TGF-β, IL-10, EGF and MMP-13. Moreover, BMP-12 presence in medium attenuated inhibitory effect of hASCs on allo-activated lymphocytes proliferation. At the same time BMP-12 displayed no influence on hASCs proliferation, migration and susceptibility to oxidative stress. CONCLUSION BMP-12 activates tenogenic pathway in hASCs but also affects secretory activity and impairs immunomodulatory potential of this population that can influence the clinical outcome after cell transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weronika Zarychta-Wiśniewska
- Department of Immunology, Transplantology and Internal Medicine, Transplantation Institute, Medical University of Warsaw, Nowogrodzka str. 59, 02-006, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Anna Burdzinska
- Department of Immunology, Transplantology and Internal Medicine, Transplantation Institute, Medical University of Warsaw, Nowogrodzka str. 59, 02-006, Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Agnieszka Kulesza
- Department of Immunology, Transplantology and Internal Medicine, Transplantation Institute, Medical University of Warsaw, Nowogrodzka str. 59, 02-006, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Kamila Gala
- Department of Immunology, Transplantology and Internal Medicine, Transplantation Institute, Medical University of Warsaw, Nowogrodzka str. 59, 02-006, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Beata Kaleta
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Transplantation Institute, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Zielniok
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Siennicka
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Maria Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Marek Sabat
- Department of Immunology, Transplantology and Internal Medicine, Transplantation Institute, Medical University of Warsaw, Nowogrodzka str. 59, 02-006, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Leszek Paczek
- Department of Immunology, Transplantology and Internal Medicine, Transplantation Institute, Medical University of Warsaw, Nowogrodzka str. 59, 02-006, Warsaw, Poland.,Department of Bioinformatics, Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
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Ren M, Wang T, Huang L, Ye X, Xv Z, Ouyang C, Han Z. Role of VR1 in the differentiation of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells into cardiomyocytes associated with Wnt/β-catenin signaling. Cardiovasc Ther 2017; 34:482-488. [PMID: 27662603 DOI: 10.1111/1755-5922.12228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM Accumulating evidence showed that transient receptor potential channels play an important role in the regulation of cardiomyocyte differentiation. The vanilloid receptor 1 (VR1) is a member of the transient receptor channel super family and is expressed in cardiomyocytes. However, its function in cardiomyocytes remains unclear. METHODS Herein, the aim of this study was to investigate the functional role of VR1 in the cardiomyocyte differentiation of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) and to elucidate the potential molecular mechanisms. RESULTS Immunofluorescence assay showed that cardiomyocyte marker cardiac troponin T (cTnT) was found significantly elevated in differentiated BMSCs induced by 5-azacytidine compared with control. Similarly, VR1 expression was also found significantly increased in induced BMSCs differentiation. Additionally, we examined the role of VR1 in BMSC differentiation processes through VR1 siRNAs. We found that the expression of cardiomyocyte marker genes, such as alpha-myosin heavy chain (α-MHC), α-cardiac actin, and Nkx2.5 (cardiac-specific transcription factor), was significantly decreased when VR1 was silenced. Furthermore, we found that inhibition of VR1 expression is associated with downregulation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling. CONCLUSIONS To summarize, our data demonstrate important role of VR1 in BMSCs differentiation into cardiomyocytes in conjunction of Wnt/β-catenin signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingming Ren
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Tao Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Lei Huang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Xiaoqiang Ye
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Zhifeng Xv
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Chun Ouyang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Zhen Han
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, China
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Chen M, Lechner J, Zhao J, Toth L, Hogg R, Silvestri G, Kissenpfennig A, Chakravarthy U, Xu H. STAT3 Activation in Circulating Monocytes Contributes to Neovascular Age-Related Macular Degeneration. Curr Mol Med 2016; 16:412-23. [PMID: 27009107 PMCID: PMC4839497 DOI: 10.2174/1566524016666160324130031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2016] [Revised: 03/07/2016] [Accepted: 03/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
Infiltrating macrophages are critically involved in pathogenic angiogenesis such as neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD). Macrophages originate from circulating monocytes and three subtypes of monocyte exist in humans: classical (CD14+CD16-), non-classical (CD14-CD16+) and intermediate (CD14+CD16+) monocytes. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of circulating monocyte in neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD). Flow cytometry analysis showed that the intermediate monocytes from nAMD patients expressed higher levels of CX3CR1 and HLA-DR compared to those from controls. Monocytes from nAMD patients expressed higher levels of phosphorylated Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription 3 (pSTAT3), and produced higher amount of VEGF. In the mouse model of choroidal neovascularization (CNV), pSTAT3 expression was increased in the retina and RPE/choroid, and 49.24% of infiltrating macrophages express pSTAT3. Genetic deletion of the Suppressor of Cytokine Signalling 3 (SOCS3) in myeloid cells in the LysM-Cre+/-:SOCS3fl/fl mice resulted in spontaneous STAT3 activation and accelerated CNV formation. Inhibition of STAT3 activation using a small peptide LLL12 suppressed laser-induced CNV. Our results suggest that monocytes, in particular the intermediate subset of monocytes are activated in nAMD patients. STAT3 activation in circulating monocytes may contribute to the development of choroidal neovascularisation in AMD.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Chen
- Wellcome-Wolfson Institute of Experimental Medicine, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast, BT9 7BL, UK.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - H Xu
- Wellcome-Wolfson Institute of Experimental Medicine, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast, BT9 7BL, UK.
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Xu J, Wang B, Sun Y, Wu T, Liu Y, Zhang J, Lee WY, Pan X, Chai Y, Li G. Human fetal mesenchymal stem cell secretome enhances bone consolidation in distraction osteogenesis. Stem Cell Res Ther 2016; 7:134. [PMID: 27612565 PMCID: PMC5018171 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-016-0392-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2016] [Revised: 08/17/2016] [Accepted: 08/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Distraction osteogenesis (DO) is one of the most dramatic reconstructive techniques for inducing bone regeneration, but it involves an undesirably long period for bone consolidation. Developing innovative approaches to enhance bone consolidation is a burning need. Human fetal mesenchymal stem cells (hFMSCs) have been shown to express more primitive developmental genes than those of human adult mesenchymal stem cells (hAMSCs), which is a preferable source for cell therapy and tissue regeneration. In the present study, we investigated the immunogenicity of using the human mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) secretome on rat cells, the effects of secretome on osteogenic differentiation of rat bone marrow-derived MSCs (rBMSCs), and the potential application of hFMSC secretome in promoting bone consolidation in a rat DO model. METHODS Secretome was collected from MSC culture and was used to treat rBMSCs. Following secretome treatment, cell proliferation, alkaline phosphatase staining, Alizarin Red S staining, and mRNA expression of osteogenic differentiation-related genes (including ALP, Runx2, OCN, OPN, and Osx) in the rBMSCs were checked, as well as mixed rat peripheral blood lymphocyte reaction. hFMSC secretome was injected locally into the regenerates from the end of lengthening every 3 days in the rat DO model, until termination. The regenerates were subject to weekly x-rays, micro-computed tomography (μCT) and mechanical testing examination. The bone quality was assessed by histology and immunohistochemistry examinations. RESULTS Compared to the secretome from rBMSCs and hAMSCs, hFMSC secretome had the best osteogenic induction ability and low immunogenicity. hFMSC secretome with different doses showed no effect on cell viability. hFMSC secretome at the dose of 100 μg/μl could significantly increase the expression of alkaline phosphatase and all the osteogenic marker genes, as well as the amount of calcium deposits in the rBMSCs. Finally, the local application of hFMSC secretome in distraction regenerates in a rat DO model significantly improved bone consolidation according to the results of μCT, mechanical test, and histological and immunohistochemistry analysis. CONCLUSIONS The current study demonstrated that hFMSC secretome promotes osteogenesis of rBMSCs and bone consolidation during DO. hFMSC secretome may be a new therapeutic strategy to enhance bone consolidation in patients undergoing DO treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Xu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.,Department of Orthopaedics & Traumatology, Stem Cells and Regeneration Laboratory, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, Hong Kong, SAR, People's Republic of China
| | - Bin Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics & Traumatology, Stem Cells and Regeneration Laboratory, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, Hong Kong, SAR, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuxin Sun
- Department of Orthopaedics & Traumatology, Stem Cells and Regeneration Laboratory, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, Hong Kong, SAR, People's Republic of China
| | - Tianyi Wu
- Department of Orthopaedics & Traumatology, Stem Cells and Regeneration Laboratory, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, Hong Kong, SAR, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Orthopaedics & Traumatology, Stem Cells and Regeneration Laboratory, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, Hong Kong, SAR, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinfang Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics & Traumatology, Stem Cells and Regeneration Laboratory, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, Hong Kong, SAR, People's Republic of China.,The CUHK-ACC Space Medicine Centre, The Chinese University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China
| | - Wayne Yukwai Lee
- Department of Orthopaedics & Traumatology, Stem Cells and Regeneration Laboratory, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, Hong Kong, SAR, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaohua Pan
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Bao-An People's Hospital, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China
| | - Yimin Chai
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.
| | - Gang Li
- Department of Orthopaedics & Traumatology, Stem Cells and Regeneration Laboratory, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, Hong Kong, SAR, People's Republic of China. .,The CUHK-ACC Space Medicine Centre, The Chinese University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China. .,Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Bao-An People's Hospital, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China.
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Chen Y, Wang C, Huang Q, Wu D, Cao J, Xu X, Yang C, Li X. Caveolin-1 Plays an Important Role in the Differentiation of Bone Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells into Cardiomyocytes. Cardiology 2016; 136:40-48. [PMID: 27554796 DOI: 10.1159/000446869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2016] [Accepted: 05/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Accumulating evidence has demonstrated that bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) may transdifferentiate into cardiomyocytes, making BMSCs a promising source of cardiomyocytes for transplantation. However, little is known about the molecular mechanisms underlying myogenic conversion of BMSCs. METHODS This study was designed to investigate the functional role of caveolin-1 in the cardiomyocyte differentiation of BMSCs and to explore the potential underlying molecular mechanisms. RESULTS BMSC differentiation was induced by treatment with 10 μM 5-azacytidine, and immunofluorescence assay showed that the expression of cardiomyocyte marker cardiac troponin T (cTnT) was significantly increased compared with a control group. Meanwhile, an increased caveolin-1 expression was found during the 5-azacytidine-induced BMSC differentiation. Additionally, the role of caveolin-1 in the differentiation process was then studied by using caveolin-1 siRNAs. We found that silencing caveolin-1 during induction remarkably enhanced the expression of cardiomyocyte marker genes, including cTnT, Nkx2.5 (cardiac-specific transcription factor), α-cardiac actin and α-myosin heavy chain (α-MHC). Moreover, we observed that downregulation of caveolin-1 was accompanied by inhibition of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) phosphorylation. CONCLUSIONS Taken together, these findings demonstrate that caveolin-1 plays an important role in the differentiation of BMSCs into cardiomyocytes in conjunction with the STAT3 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Wuxi Second People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, China
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Jensen AR, Manning MM, Khaneki S, Drucker NA, Markel TA. Harvest tissue source does not alter the protective power of stromal cell therapy after intestinal ischemia and reperfusion injury. J Surg Res 2016; 204:361-370. [PMID: 27565072 DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2016.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2016] [Revised: 04/29/2016] [Accepted: 05/03/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Transplantation of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) may be a novel treatment for intestinal ischemia. The optimal stromal cell source that could yield maximal protection after injury, however, has not been identified. We hypothesized that (1) MSCs would increase survival and mesenteric perfusion, preserve intestinal histologic architecture, and limit inflammation after intestinal ischemia and reperfusion (I/R) injury, and (2) MSCs harvested from different sources of tissue would have equivalent protective properties to the intestine after I/R inury. METHODS Adult male mice were anesthetized, and a midline laparotomy was performed. The intestines were eviscerated, the small bowel mesenteric root was identified, and baseline intestinal perfusion was determined using laser Doppler imaging. Intestinal ischemia was established by temporarily occluding the superior mesenteric artery for 60 min with a noncrushing clamp. After ischemia, the clamp was removed and the intestines were allowed to recover. Before abdominal closure, 2 × 10(6) human umbilical cord-derived MSCs, bone marrow-derived MSCs, or keratinocytes in 250 μL of phosphate-buffered saline vehicle were injected into the peritoneum. Animals were allowed to recover for 12 or 24 h (perfusion, histology, and inflammatory studies) or 7 d (survival studies). Survival data was analyzed using the log-rank test. Perfusion was expressed as a percentage of the baseline, and 12- and 24-h data was analyzed using one-way analysis of variance and the Student t-test. Nonparametric data was compared using the Mann-Whitney U-test. A P value of <0.05 was considered statistically significant. RESULTS All MSCs increased 7-d survival after I/R injury and were superior to vehicle and keratinocytes (P < 0.05). All MSCs increased mesenteric perfusion more than vehicle at 12 and 24 h after injury (P < 0.05). All MSCs provided superior perfusion compared with keratinocytes at 24 h after injury (P < 0.05). Administration of each MSC line improved intestinal histology after I/R injury (P < 0.05). Multiple proinflammatory chemokines were downregulated after the application of MSCs, suggesting a decreased inflammatory response after MSC therapy. CONCLUSIONS Transplantation of MSCs after intestinal I/R injury, irrespective of a tissue source, significantly increases survival and mesenteric perfusion and at the same time limits intestinal damage and inflammation. Further studies are needed to identify the mechanism that these cells use to promote improved outcomes after injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda R Jensen
- Department of Surgery, Section of Pediatric Surgery, Indianapolis, Indiana; Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Morenci M Manning
- Department of Surgery, Section of Pediatric Surgery, Indianapolis, Indiana; Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Sina Khaneki
- Department of Surgery, Section of Pediatric Surgery, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Natalie A Drucker
- Department of Surgery, Section of Pediatric Surgery, Indianapolis, Indiana; Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Troy A Markel
- Department of Surgery, Section of Pediatric Surgery, Indianapolis, Indiana; Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana; Riley Hospital for Children at Indiana University Health, Indianapolis, Indiana.
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Ho MSH, Mei SHJ, Stewart DJ. The Immunomodulatory and Therapeutic Effects of Mesenchymal Stromal Cells for Acute Lung Injury and Sepsis. J Cell Physiol 2015; 230:2606-17. [PMID: 25913273 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.25028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2015] [Accepted: 04/21/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
It is increasingly recognized that immunomodulation represents an important mechanism underlying the benefits of many stem cell therapies, rather than the classical paradigm of transdifferentiation and cell replacement. In the former paradigm, the beneficial effects of cell therapy result from paracrine mechanism(s) and/or cell-cell interaction as opposed to direct engraftment and repair of diseased tissue and/or dysfunctional organs. Depending on the cell type used, components of the secretome, including microRNA (miRNA) and extracellular vesicles, may be able to either activate or suppress the immune system even without direct immune cell contact. Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs), also referred to as mesenchymal stem cells, are found not only in the bone marrow, but also in a wide variety of organs and tissues. In addition to any direct stem cell activities, MSCs were the first stem cells recognized to modulate immune response, and therefore they will be the focus of this review. Specifically, MSCs appear to be able to effectively attenuate acute and protracted inflammation via interactions with components of both innate and adaptive immune systems. To date, this capacity has been exploited in a large number of preclinical studies and MSC immunomodulatory therapy has been attempted with various degrees of success in a relatively large number of clinical trials. Here, we will explore the various mechanism employed by MSCs to effect immunosuppression as well as review the current status of its use to treat excessive inflammation in the context of acute lung injury (ALI) and sepsis in both preclinical and clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirabelle S H Ho
- Sinclair Centre for Regenerative Medicine, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario.,Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario
| | - Shirley H J Mei
- Sinclair Centre for Regenerative Medicine, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario
| | - Duncan J Stewart
- Sinclair Centre for Regenerative Medicine, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario.,Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario
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Damous LL, Nakamuta JS, Carvalho AETSD, Carvalho KC, Soares JM, Simões MDJ, Krieger JE, Baracat EC. Does adipose tissue-derived stem cell therapy improve graft quality in freshly grafted ovaries? Reprod Biol Endocrinol 2015; 13:108. [PMID: 26394676 PMCID: PMC4580300 DOI: 10.1186/s12958-015-0104-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2015] [Accepted: 09/11/2015] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A major concern in ovarian transplants is substantial follicle loss during the initial period of hypoxia. Adipose tissue-derived stem cells (ASCs) have been employed to improve angiogenesis when injected into ischemic tissue. This study evaluated the safety and efficacy of adipose tissue-derived stem cells (ASCs) therapy in the freshly grafted ovaries 30 days after injection. METHODS Rat ASCs (rASCs) obtained from transgenic rats expressing green fluorescent protein (GFP)-(5 × 10(4) cells/ovary) were injected in topic (intact) or freshly grafted ovaries of 30 twelve-week-old adult female Wistar rats. The whole ovary was grafted in the retroperitoneum without vascular anastomosis, immediately after oophorectomy. Vaginal smears were performed daily to assess the resumption of the estrous cycle. Estradiol levels, grafts morphology and follicular viability and density were analyzed. Immunohistochemistry assays were conducted to identify and quantify rASC-GFP(+), VEGF tissue expression, apoptosis (cleaved caspase-3 and TUNEL), and cell proliferation (Ki-67). Quantitative gene expression (qPCR) for VEGF-A, Bcl2, EGF and TGF-β1 was evaluated using RT-PCR and a double labeling immunofluorescence assay for GFP and Von Willebrand Factor (VWF) was performed. RESULTS Grafted ovaries treated with rASC-GFP(+) exhibited earlier resumption of the estrous phase (p < 0.05), increased VEGF-A expression (11-fold in grafted ovaries and 5-fold in topic ovaries vs. control) and an increased number of blood vessels (p < 0.05) in ovarian tissue without leading to apoptosis or cellular proliferation (p > 0.05). Estradiol levels were similar among groups (p > 0.05). rASC-GFP(+) were observed in similar quantities in the topic and grafted ovaries (p > 0.05), and double-labeling for GFP and vWF was observed in both injected groups. CONCLUSION rASC therapy in autologous freshly ovarian grafts could be feasible and safe, induces earlier resumption of the estrous phase and enhances blood vessels in rats. This pilot study may be useful in the future for new researches on frozen-thawed ovarian tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luciana L Damous
- Laboratório de Ginecologia Estrutural e Molecular (LIM-58), Disciplina de Ginecologia, Departamento de Obstetrícia e Ginecologia, Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, Dr Arnaldo av 455, 2nd floor, room 2113, Pacaembu, 01246-903, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Juliana S Nakamuta
- Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Cardiology, Heart Institute (Incor), Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, Dr Enéas de Carvalho Aguiar Av 44, 10th floor, Cerqueira Cesar, 05403-000, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Ana E T Saturi de Carvalho
- Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Cardiology, Heart Institute (Incor), Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, Dr Enéas de Carvalho Aguiar Av 44, 10th floor, Cerqueira Cesar, 05403-000, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Katia Candido Carvalho
- Laboratório de Ginecologia Estrutural e Molecular (LIM-58), Disciplina de Ginecologia, Departamento de Obstetrícia e Ginecologia, Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, Dr Arnaldo av 455, 2nd floor, room 2113, Pacaembu, 01246-903, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - José Maria Soares
- Laboratório de Ginecologia Estrutural e Molecular (LIM-58), Disciplina de Ginecologia, Departamento de Obstetrícia e Ginecologia, Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, Dr Arnaldo av 455, 2nd floor, room 2113, Pacaembu, 01246-903, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Manuel de Jesus Simões
- Department of Morphology and Genetics, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), Botucatu St 740. Ed. Lemos Torres, 2nd floor, Vila Clementino, 04023-009, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - José Eduardo Krieger
- Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Cardiology, Heart Institute (Incor), Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, Dr Enéas de Carvalho Aguiar Av 44, 10th floor, Cerqueira Cesar, 05403-000, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Edmund Chada Baracat
- Laboratório de Ginecologia Estrutural e Molecular (LIM-58), Disciplina de Ginecologia, Departamento de Obstetrícia e Ginecologia, Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, Dr Arnaldo av 455, 2nd floor, room 2113, Pacaembu, 01246-903, São Paulo, Brazil.
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Liao XH, Wang N, Zhao DW, Zheng DL, Zheng L, Xing WJ, Ma WJ, Bao LY, Dong J, Zhang TC. STAT3 Protein Regulates Vascular Smooth Muscle Cell Phenotypic Switch by Interaction with Myocardin. J Biol Chem 2015; 290:19641-52. [PMID: 26100622 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m114.630111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2014] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The JAK-STAT3 signaling pathway is one of the critical pathways regulating cell proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis. Myocardin is regarded as a key mediator for the change of smooth muscle phenotypes. However, the relationship between STAT3 and myocardin in the vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) phenotypic switch has not been investigated. The goal of this study was to investigate the molecular mechanism by which STAT3 affects the myocardin-regulated VSMC phenotypic switch. Data presented in this study demonstrated that STAT3 was rapidly up-regulated after stimulation with VEGF. Inhibition of the STAT3 activation process impaired VSMC proliferation and enhanced the expression of VSMC contractile genes by increasing serum-response factor binding to the CArG-containing regions of VSMC-specific contractile genes. In contrast, the interaction between serum-response factor and its co-activator myocardin was reduced by overexpression of STAT3. In addition, treated VEGF inhibited the transcription activity of myocardin, and overexpression of STAT3 inhibited myocardin-induced up-regulation of VSMC contractile phenotype-specific genes. Although myocardin and STAT3 are negatively correlated, interestingly, both of them can enhance the expression of VEGF, suggesting a feedback loop to regulate the VSMC phenotypic switch. Taken together, these results indicate that the JAK-STAT3 signaling pathway plays a key role in controlling the phenotypic switch of VSMCs through the interactions between STAT3 and myocardin by various coordinated gene regulation pathways and feedback loops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing-Hua Liao
- From the Institute of Biology and Medicine, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430000 and the Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology, Ministry of Education, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Nan Wang
- the Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology, Ministry of Education, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Dong-Wei Zhao
- the Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology, Ministry of Education, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - De-Liang Zheng
- the Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology, Ministry of Education, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Li Zheng
- the Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology, Ministry of Education, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Wen-Jing Xing
- the Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology, Ministry of Education, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Wen-Jian Ma
- the Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology, Ministry of Education, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Le-Yuan Bao
- From the Institute of Biology and Medicine, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430000 and
| | - Jian Dong
- From the Institute of Biology and Medicine, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430000 and
| | - Tong-Cun Zhang
- From the Institute of Biology and Medicine, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430000 and the Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology, Ministry of Education, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
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Cook LM, Shay G, Araujo A, Aruajo A, Lynch CC. Integrating new discoveries into the "vicious cycle" paradigm of prostate to bone metastases. Cancer Metastasis Rev 2015; 33:511-25. [PMID: 24414228 DOI: 10.1007/s10555-014-9494-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
In prostate to bone metastases, the "vicious cycle" paradigm has been traditionally used to illustrate how metastases manipulate the bone forming osteoblasts and resorbing osteoclasts in order to yield factors that facilitate growth and establishment. However, recent advances have illustrated that the cycle is far more complex than this simple interpretation. In this review, we will discuss the role of exosomes and hematopoietic/mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSC) that facilitate the establishment and activation of prostate metastases and how cells including myeloid-derived suppressor cells, macrophages, T cells, and nerve cells contribute to the momentum of the vicious cycle. The increased complexity of the tumor-bone microenvironment requires a system level approach. The evolution of computational models to interrogate the tumor-bone microenvironment is also discussed, and the application of this integrated approach should allow for the development of effective therapies to treat and cure prostate to bone metastases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leah M Cook
- Department of Tumor Biology, Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, 12902 Magnolia Dr., SRB-3, Tampa, FL, 33612, USA
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Fan Y, Wang L, Liu C, Zhu H, Zhou L, Wang Y, Wu X, Li Q. Local renin-angiotensin system regulates hypoxia-induced vascular endothelial growth factor synthesis in mesenchymal stem cells. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL PATHOLOGY 2015; 8:2505-2514. [PMID: 26045756 PMCID: PMC4440065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2014] [Accepted: 02/20/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The use of mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) transplantation for ischemic heart disease has been reported for several years. The main mechanisms responsible for the efficacy of this technique include the differentiation of MSCs into cardiomyocytes and endothelial cells, as well as paracrine effects. However, the differentiation rates of MSCs are very low, and the differentiated cells are not mature. In addition, MSCs undergo massive cell death within a few days after transplantation to the ischemic myocardium. Paracrine effects may thus play a major role in MSCs transplantation. Angiotensin II (Ang II) is known to be produced locally in the ischemic myocardium, but the effects of hypoxia on the local renin-angiotensin system (RAS) in MSCs, and the role of the RAS in hypoxia-induced vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) secretion remain unknown. In this study, we demonstrated that hypoxia stimulated the local RAS in MSCs, while pretreatment with the Ang II type 1 (AT1) receptor antagonist losartan reduced hypoxia-induced hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF-1α) and VEGF production. The ERK1/2 inhibitor U0126 and the Akt inhibitor LY294002 also inhibited hypoxia-induced HIF-1α and VEGF production. Overall, these results indicate that the local RAS in MSCs regulates hypoxia-induced VEGF production through ERK1/2, Akt and HIF-1α pathways via the AT1 receptor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Fan
- Department of Pharmacology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardiovascular Disease Translational Medicine, Nanjing Medical University Nanjing, P.R.China
| | - Lulu Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardiovascular Disease Translational Medicine, Nanjing Medical University Nanjing, P.R.China
| | - Chao Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardiovascular Disease Translational Medicine, Nanjing Medical University Nanjing, P.R.China
| | - Hongyi Zhu
- Department of Pharmacology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardiovascular Disease Translational Medicine, Nanjing Medical University Nanjing, P.R.China
| | - Lu Zhou
- Department of Pharmacology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardiovascular Disease Translational Medicine, Nanjing Medical University Nanjing, P.R.China
| | - Yu Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardiovascular Disease Translational Medicine, Nanjing Medical University Nanjing, P.R.China
| | - Xiaowei Wu
- Department of Pharmacology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardiovascular Disease Translational Medicine, Nanjing Medical University Nanjing, P.R.China
| | - Qingping Li
- Department of Pharmacology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardiovascular Disease Translational Medicine, Nanjing Medical University Nanjing, P.R.China
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Lu K, Fang XS, Feng LL, Jiang YJ, Zhou XX, Liu X, Li PP, Chen N, Ding M, Wang N, Zhang J, Wang X. The STAT3 inhibitor WP1066 reverses the resistance of chronic lymphocytic leukemia cells to histone deacetylase inhibitors induced by interleukin-6. Cancer Lett 2015; 359:250-8. [PMID: 25636517 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2015.01.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2014] [Revised: 01/14/2015] [Accepted: 01/17/2015] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Interleukin-6 (IL-6) is a pleiotropic cytokine produced by a variety of cell types, including fibroblasts, endothelial cells, lymphocytes, and bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs). Levels of IL-6 are increased in serum of CLL patients and correlated with adverse clinical features and short survival. In our study, we observed that IL-6 induced the resistance of CLL cells to pan-histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors vorinostat (SAHA) and panobinostat (LBH589). Furthermore, low concentrations of SAHA and LBH589 enhanced the activation of the signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) signaling pathway induced by IL-6 in CLL cells. All of these effects were blocked by the STAT3-selective inhibitor, WP1066. Meanwhile, WP1066 decreased the expressions of Mcl-1 and Bcl-xL protein induced by IL-6 with or without low concentrations of HDAC inhibitors. Co-culture of CLL cells with BMSCs could also facilitate the activation of STAT3 and protected CLL cells from apoptosis when treated with HDAC inhibitors, and this cytoprotection was reversed by WP1066. The present study indicated that IL-6 or co-culture with BMSCs prevented HDAC inhibitor-induced apoptosis of CLL cells. This prevention was mediated by activation of the STAT3 signaling pathway. Moreover, WP1066 reversed the resistance of CLL cells to SAHA and LBH589 induced by either IL-6 or co-culture with BMSCs. Our findings suggest that targeting the STAT3 pathway may be a novel way to improve the efficacy of the HDAC inhibitor in CLL patients by overcoming antiapoptotic signaling of the microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kang Lu
- Department of Hematology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China
| | - Xiao-sheng Fang
- Department of Hematology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China
| | - Li-li Feng
- Department of Hematology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China
| | - Yu-jie Jiang
- Department of Hematology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China
| | - Xiang-xiang Zhou
- Department of Hematology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China
| | - Xin Liu
- Department of Hematology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China
| | - Pei-pei Li
- Department of Hematology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China
| | - Na Chen
- Department of Hematology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China
| | - Mei Ding
- Department of Hematology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China
| | - Na Wang
- Department of Hematology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Central Laboratory, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China
| | - Xin Wang
- Department of Hematology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China; Institute of Diagnostics, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China.
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Ali A, Akhter MA, Haneef K, Khan I, Naeem N, Habib R, Kabir N, Salim A. Dinitrophenol modulates gene expression levels of angiogenic, cell survival and cardiomyogenic factors in bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells. Gene 2015; 555:448-57. [PMID: 25445267 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2014.10.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2014] [Revised: 08/29/2014] [Accepted: 10/26/2014] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Anwar Ali
- Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi-75270, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Aleem Akhter
- Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi-75270, Pakistan
| | - Kanwal Haneef
- Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi-75270, Pakistan
| | - Irfan Khan
- Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi-75270, Pakistan
| | - Nadia Naeem
- Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi-75270, Pakistan
| | - Rakhshinda Habib
- Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi-75270, Pakistan
| | - Nurul Kabir
- Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi-75270, Pakistan
| | - Asmat Salim
- Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi-75270, Pakistan.
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Kyurkchiev D, Bochev I, Ivanova-Todorova E, Mourdjeva M, Oreshkova T, Belemezova K, Kyurkchiev S. Secretion of immunoregulatory cytokines by mesenchymal stem cells. World J Stem Cells 2014; 6:552-570. [PMID: 25426252 PMCID: PMC4178255 DOI: 10.4252/wjsc.v6.i5.552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 427] [Impact Index Per Article: 42.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2014] [Revised: 08/20/2014] [Accepted: 09/10/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
According to the minimal criteria of the International Society of Cellular Therapy, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are a population of undifferentiated cells defined by their ability to adhere to plastic surfaces when cultured under standard conditions, express a certain panel of phenotypic markers and can differentiate into osteogenic, chondrogenic and adipogenic lineages when cultured in specific inducing media. In parallel with their major role as undifferentiated cell reserves, MSCs have immunomodulatory functions which are exerted by direct cell-to-cell contacts, secretion of cytokines and/or by a combination of both mechanisms. There are no convincing data about a principal difference in the profile of cytokines secreted by MSCs isolated from different tissue sources, although some papers report some quantitative but not qualitative differences in cytokine secretion. The present review focuses on the basic cytokines secreted by MSCs as described in the literature by which the MSCs exert immunodulatory effects. It should be pointed out that MSCs themselves are objects of cytokine regulation. Hypothetical mechanisms by which the MSCs exert their immunoregulatory effects are also discussed in this review. These mechanisms may either influence the target immune cells directly or indirectly by affecting the activities of predominantly dendritic cells. Chemokines are also discussed as participants in this process by recruiting cells of the immune systems and thus making them targets of immunosuppression. This review aims to present and discuss the published data and the personal experience of the authors regarding cytokines secreted by MSCs and their effects on the cells of the immune system.
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43
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Accelerated orthodontic tooth movement: Molecular mechanisms. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2014; 146:620-32. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ajodo.2014.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2014] [Revised: 07/01/2014] [Accepted: 07/01/2014] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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Yu H, Chen P, Yang Z, Luo W, Pi M, Wu Y, Wang L. Electro-acupuncture at Conception and Governor vessels and transplantation of umbilical cord blood-derived mesenchymal stem cells for treating cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury. Neural Regen Res 2014; 9:84-91. [PMID: 25206747 PMCID: PMC4146313 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.125334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/25/2013] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cell transplantation is a novel means of treating cerebral ischemia/reperfusion, and can promote angiogenesis and neurological functional recovery. Acupuncture at Conception and Governor vessels also has positive effects as a treatment for cerebral ischemia/reperfusion. Therefore, we hypothesized that electro-acupuncture at Conception and Governor vessels plus mesenchymal stem cell transplantation may have better therapeutic effects on the promotion of angiogenesis and recovery of neurological function than either treatment alone. In the present study, human umbilical cord blood-derived mesenchymal stem cells were isolated, cultured, identified and intracranially transplanted into the striatum and subcortex of rats at 24 hours following cerebral ischemia/reperfusion. Subsequently, rats were electro-acupunctured at Conception and Governor vessels at 24 hours after transplantation. Modified neurological severity scores and immunohistochemistry findings revealed that the combined interventions of electro-acupuncture and mesenchymal stem cell transplantation clearly improved neurological impairment and up-regulated vascular endothelial growth factor expression around the ischemic focus. The combined intervention provided a better outcome than mesenchymal stem cell transplantation alone. These findings demonstrate that electro-acupuncture at Conception and Governor vessels and mesenchymal stem cell transplantation have synergetic effects on promoting neurological function recovery and angiogenesis in rats after cerebral ischemia/reperfusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haibo Yu
- Affiliated Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Pengdian Chen
- Affiliated Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Zhuoxin Yang
- Affiliated Shenzhen Maternity & Child Healthcare Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Wenshu Luo
- Affiliated Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Min Pi
- Affiliated Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Yonggang Wu
- Affiliated Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Ling Wang
- Affiliated Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, China
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MDSCs mediate angiogenesis and predispose canine mammary tumor cells for metastasis via IL-28/IL-28RA (IFN-λ) signaling. PLoS One 2014; 9:e103249. [PMID: 25075523 PMCID: PMC4116234 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0103249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2014] [Accepted: 06/26/2014] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) function in immunosuppression and tumor development by induction of angiogenesis in a STAT3-dependent manner. Knowledge of MDSC biology is mainly limited to mice studies, and more clinical investigations using spontaneous tumor models are required. Here we performed in vitro experiments and clinical data analysis obtained from canine patients. METHODS Using microarrays we examined changes in gene expression in canine mammary cancer cells due to their co-culture with MDSCs. Further, using Real-time rt-PCR, Western blot, IHC, siRNA, angiogenesis assay and migration/invasion tests we examined a role of the most important signaling pathway. RESULTS In dogs with mammary cancer, the number of circulating MDSCs increases with tumor clinical stage. Microarray analysis revealed that MDSCs had significantly altered molecular pathways in tumor cells in vitro. Particularly important was the detected increased activation of IL-28/IL-28RA (IFN-λ) signaling. The highest expression of IL-28 was observed in stage III/IV mammary tumor-bearing dogs. IL-28 secreted by MDSCs stimulates STAT3 in tumor cells, which results in increased expression of angiogenic factors and subsequent induction of angiogenesis by endothelial cells, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and increased migration of tumor cells in vitro. Knockdown of IL-28RA decreased angiogenesis, tumor cell invasion and migration. CONCLUSIONS We showed for the first time that MDSCs secrete IL-28 (IFN-λ), which promotes angiogenesis, EMT, invasion and migration of tumor cells. Thus, IL-28 may constitute an interesting target for further therapies. Moreover, the similarity in circulating MDSC levels at various tumor clinical stages between canine and human patients indicates canines as a good model for clinical trials of drugs targeting MDSCs.
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Liu J, Wang H, Wang Y, Yin Y, Du Z, Liu Z, Yang J, Hu S, Wang C, Chen Y. The stem cell adjuvant with Exendin-4 repairs the heart after myocardial infarction via STAT3 activation. J Cell Mol Med 2014; 18:1381-91. [PMID: 24779911 PMCID: PMC4124022 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.12272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2013] [Accepted: 01/30/2014] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The poor survival of cells in ischaemic myocardium is a major obstacle for stem cell therapy. Exendin-4 holds the potential of cardioprotective effect based on its pleiotropic activity. This study investigated whether Exendin-4 in conjunction with adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) could improve the stem cell survival and contribute to myocardial repairs after infarction. Myocardial infarction (MI) was induced by the left anterior descending artery ligation in adult male Sprague-Dawley rats. ADSCs carrying double-fusion reporter gene [firefly luciferase and monomeric red fluorescent protein (fluc-mRFP)] were quickly injected into border zone of MI in rats treated with or without Exendin-4. Exendin-4 enhanced the survival of transplanted ADSCs, as demonstrated by the longitudinal in vivo bioluminescence imaging. Moreover, ADSCs adjuvant with Exendin-4 decreased oxidative stress, apoptosis and fibrosis. They also improved myocardial viability and cardiac function and increased the differentiation rates of ADSCs into cardiomyocytes and vascular smooth muscle cells in vivo. Then, ADSCs were exposed to hydrogen peroxide/serum deprivation (H2O2/SD) to mimic the ischaemic environment in vitro. Results showed that Exendin-4 decreased the apoptosis and enhanced the paracrine effect of ADSCs. In addition, Exendin-4 activated signal transducers and activators of transcription 3 (STAT3) through the phosphorylation of Akt and ERK1/2. Furthermore, Exendin-4 increased the anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2, but decreased the pro-apoptotic protein Bax of ADSCs. In conclusion, Exendin-4 could improve the survival and therapeutic efficacy of transplanted ADSCs through STAT3 activation via the phosphorylation of Akt and ERK1/2. This study suggests the potential application of Exendin-4 for stem cell–based heart regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianfeng Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Medical School of Chinese PLA, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China; Department of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Tissue Engineering Research Center, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
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El Refaey M, Zhong Q, Hill WD, Shi XM, Hamrick MW, Bailey L, Johnson M, Xu J, Bollag WB, Chutkan N, Isales CM. Aromatic amino acid activation of signaling pathways in bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells depends on oxygen tension. PLoS One 2014; 9:e91108. [PMID: 24727733 PMCID: PMC3984069 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0091108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2013] [Accepted: 02/07/2014] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
The physiologic oxygen pressures inside the bone marrow environment are much lower than what is present in the peripheral circulation, ranging from 1-7%, compared to values as high as 10-13% in the arteries, lungs and liver. Thus, experiments done with bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMMSCs) using standard culture conditions may not accurately reflect the true hypoxic bone marrow microenvironment. However, since aging is associated with an increased generation of reactive oxygen species, experiments done under 21%O2 conditions may actually more closely resemble that of the aging bone marrow environment. Aromatic amino acids are known to be natural anti-oxidants. We have previously reported that aromatic amino acids are potent agonists for stimulating increases in intracellular calcium and phospho-c-Raf and in promoting BMMSC differentiation down the osteogenic pathway. Our previous experiments were performed under normoxic conditions. Thus, we next decided to compare a normoxic (21% O2) vs. a hypoxic environment (3% O2) alone or after treatment with aromatic amino acids. Reverse-phase protein arrays showed that 3% O2 itself up-regulated proliferative pathways. Aromatic amino acids had no additional effect on signaling pathways under these conditions. However, under 21%O2 conditions, aromatic amino acids could now significantly increase these proliferative pathways over this "normoxic" baseline. Pharmacologic studies are consistent with the aromatic amino acids activating the extracellular calcium-sensing receptor. The effects of aromatic amino acids on BMMSC function in the 21% O2 environment is consistent with a potential role for these amino acids in an aging environment as functional anti oxidants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mona El Refaey
- Institute for Regenerative and Reparative Medicine, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Qing Zhong
- Institute for Regenerative and Reparative Medicine, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, Georgia, United States of America
- Department of Medicine, Medical College of Georgia, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - William D. Hill
- Institute for Regenerative and Reparative Medicine, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, Georgia, United States of America
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Medical College of Georgia, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, Georgia, United States of America
- Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Medical College of Georgia, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Xing-Ming Shi
- Institute for Regenerative and Reparative Medicine, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, Georgia, United States of America
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Medical College of Georgia, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, Georgia, United States of America
- Department of Pathology, Medical College of Georgia, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Mark W. Hamrick
- Institute for Regenerative and Reparative Medicine, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, Georgia, United States of America
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Medical College of Georgia, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, Georgia, United States of America
- Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Medical College of Georgia, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Lakiea Bailey
- Institute for Regenerative and Reparative Medicine, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Maribeth Johnson
- Department of Biostatistics, Medical College of Georgia, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Jianrui Xu
- Institute for Regenerative and Reparative Medicine, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, Georgia, United States of America
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Medical College of Georgia, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Wendy B. Bollag
- Institute for Regenerative and Reparative Medicine, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, Georgia, United States of America
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Georgia, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, Georgia, United States of America
- Charlie Norwood VA Medical Center, Augusta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Norman Chutkan
- Institute for Regenerative and Reparative Medicine, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, Georgia, United States of America
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Medical College of Georgia, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Carlos M. Isales
- Institute for Regenerative and Reparative Medicine, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, Georgia, United States of America
- Department of Medicine, Medical College of Georgia, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, Georgia, United States of America
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Medical College of Georgia, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, Georgia, United States of America
- Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Medical College of Georgia, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, Georgia, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Conditioned medium enhances the fusion capability of rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells and cardiomyocytes. Mol Biol Rep 2014; 41:3099-112. [PMID: 24469729 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-014-3170-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2013] [Accepted: 01/16/2014] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Qu B, Liu BR, DU YJ, Chen J, Cheng YQ, Xu W, Wang XH. Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway may regulate the expression of angiogenic growth factors in hepatocellular carcinoma. Oncol Lett 2014; 7:1175-1178. [PMID: 24944688 PMCID: PMC3961220 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2014.1828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2013] [Accepted: 12/17/2013] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway plays a key role during hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) genesis and development. The present study aimed to investigate the effects of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway on the expression of angiogenic growth factors involved in HCC. The HCC HepG2 cell line was transfected with small interfering RNA (siRNA) against β-catenin. After 72 and 96 h, protein was extracted and the expression levels of β-catenin, matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2, MMP-9, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-A, VEGF-C and basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) were detected by western blot analysis. β-catenin protein expression was inhibited at both time points. Notably, MMP-2, MMP-9, VEGF-A, VEGF-C and bFGF protein expression levels decreased at 72 h and then increased at 96 h after transfection. Our results demonstrated that in HCC cells, the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway may regulate the protein expression of the angiogenic factors, MMP-2, MMP-9, VEGF-A, VEGF-C and bFGF. These proteins were downstream of β-catenin signaling and were also regulated by other factors. In conclusion, the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway may contribute to the regulation of HCC angiogenesis, infiltration and metastasis through regulating the expression of these angiogenic factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Qu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150086, P.R. China
| | - Bing-Rong Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150086, P.R. China
| | - Ya-Ju DU
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150086, P.R. China
| | - Jing Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150086, P.R. China
| | - Yan-Qiu Cheng
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150086, P.R. China
| | - Wei Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150086, P.R. China
| | - Xin-Hong Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150086, P.R. China
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Aydın A, Duruksu G, Erman G, Subaşı C, Aksoy A, Unal ZS, Karaöz E. Neurogenic differentiation capacity of subacromial bursal tissue-derived stem cells. J Orthop Res 2014; 32:151-8. [PMID: 24115219 DOI: 10.1002/jor.22484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2013] [Accepted: 08/14/2013] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
In this study, analysis and comprehensive comparison of neurogenic differentiation capacity of human bursal tissue-derived-stem cells (hBT-SCs) was aimed with human bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells (hBM-MSCs). hBT-SCs was isolated from subacromial bursa tissue (n = 3) by collagen type-II digestion. The expression of stem cell markers, differentiation capacity and telomerase activity were determined for both cell lines. The expression levels of neurogenic cell markers were compared consecutively. With respect to the surface marker profile, both cells display similar pluripotency phenotypes. Both cells successfully differentiated into osteo- and adipogenic cell lines. The immune staining of mesenchymal, stem cell and neurogenic markers gave positive reaction. The gene expression level for Tubb3, Nestin, Gfap, Map2, Nf-h, and Nf-l was higher in hBT-SCs than hBM-MSCs. The high level of neurotrophic factors, like Tenascin C, NGF, BDNF, VEGF, and CNTF might indicate their regeneration and maintenance capacity in damaged neural tissue. Besides they are alternative source for human mesenchymal stem cells, hBT-SCs assess the possibility to use in clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adem Aydın
- Department of Orthopedics, Seka Hospital, 41050, Kocaeli, Turkey
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