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Pasha A, Tondo A, Favre C, Calvani M. Inside the Biology of the β3-Adrenoceptor. Biomolecules 2024; 14:159. [PMID: 38397396 PMCID: PMC10887351 DOI: 10.3390/biom14020159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2023] [Revised: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 01/27/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Since the first discovery in 1989, the β3-adrenoceptor (β3-AR) has gained great attention because it showed the ability to regulate many physiologic and metabolic activities, such as thermogenesis and lipolysis in brown and white adipose tissue, respectively (BAT, WAT), negative inotropic effects in cardiomyocytes, and relaxation of the blood vessels and the urinary bladder. The β3-AR has been suggested as a potential target for cancer treatment, both in adult and pediatric tumors, since under hypoxia its upregulation in the tumor microenvironment (TME) regulates stromal cell differentiation, tumor growth and metastases, signifying that its agonism/antagonism could be useful for clinical benefits. Promising results in cancer research have proposed the β3-AR being targeted for the treatment of many conditions, with some drugs, at present, undergoing phase II and III clinical trials. In this review, we report the scientific journey followed by the research from the β3-Ars' discovery, with focus on the β3-Ars' role in cancer initiation and progression that elects it an intriguing target for novel antineoplastic approaches. The overview highlights the great potential of the β3-AR, both in physiologic and pathologic conditions, with the intention to display the possible benefits of β3-AR modulation in cancer reality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amada Pasha
- Department of Pediatric Hematology–Oncology, Meyer Children’s Hospital IRCCS, 50139 Florence, Italy; (A.P.); (A.T.); (C.F.)
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence, 50139 Florence, Italy
| | - Annalisa Tondo
- Department of Pediatric Hematology–Oncology, Meyer Children’s Hospital IRCCS, 50139 Florence, Italy; (A.P.); (A.T.); (C.F.)
| | - Claudio Favre
- Department of Pediatric Hematology–Oncology, Meyer Children’s Hospital IRCCS, 50139 Florence, Italy; (A.P.); (A.T.); (C.F.)
| | - Maura Calvani
- Department of Pediatric Hematology–Oncology, Meyer Children’s Hospital IRCCS, 50139 Florence, Italy; (A.P.); (A.T.); (C.F.)
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2
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Gunata M, Parlakpinar H. Experimental heart failure models in small animals. Heart Fail Rev 2023; 28:533-554. [PMID: 36504404 DOI: 10.1007/s10741-022-10286-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Heart failure (HF) is one of the most critical health and economic burdens worldwide, and its prevalence is continuously increasing. HF is a disease that occurs due to a pathological change arising from the function or structure of the heart tissue and usually progresses. Numerous experimental HF models have been created to elucidate the pathophysiological mechanisms that cause HF. An understanding of the pathophysiology of HF is essential for the development of novel efficient therapies. During the past few decades, animal models have provided new insights into the complex pathogenesis of HF. Success in the pathophysiology and treatment of HF has been achieved by using animal models of HF. The development of new in vivo models is critical for evaluating treatments such as gene therapy, mechanical devices, and new surgical approaches. However, each animal model has advantages and limitations, and none of these models is suitable for studying all aspects of HF. Therefore, the researchers have to choose an appropriate experimental model that will fully reflect HF. Despite some limitations, these animal models provided a significant advance in the etiology and pathogenesis of HF. Also, experimental HF models have led to the development of new treatments. In this review, we discussed widely used experimental HF models that continue to provide critical information for HF patients and facilitate the development of new treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehmet Gunata
- Department of Medical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Inonu University, Malatya, 44280, Türkiye
| | - Hakan Parlakpinar
- Department of Medical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Inonu University, Malatya, 44280, Türkiye.
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3
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Jiang J, Ni L, Zhang X, Gokulnath P, Vulugundam G, Li G, Wang H, Xiao J. Moderate-Intensity Exercise Maintains Redox Homeostasis for Cardiovascular Health. Adv Biol (Weinh) 2023; 7:e2200204. [PMID: 36683183 DOI: 10.1002/adbi.202200204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Revised: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
It is well known that exercise is beneficial for cardiovascular health. Oxidative stress is the common pathological basis of many cardiovascular diseases. The overproduction of free radicals, both reactive oxygen species and reactive nitrogen species, can lead to redox imbalance and exacerbate oxidative damage to the cardiovascular system. Maintaining redox homeostasis and enhancing anti-oxidative capacity are critical mechanisms by which exercise protects against cardiovascular diseases. Moderate-intensity exercise is an effective means to maintain cardiovascular redox homeostasis. Moderate-intensity exercise reduces the risk of cardiovascular disease by improving mitochondrial function and anti-oxidative capacity. It also attenuates adverse cardiac remodeling and enhances cardiac function. This paper reviews the primary mechanisms of moderate-intensity exercise-mediated redox homeostasis in the cardiovascular system. Exploring the role of exercise-mediated redox homeostasis in the cardiovascular system is of great significance to the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jizong Jiang
- Cardiac Regeneration and Ageing Lab, Institute of Geriatrics (Shanghai University), Affiliated Nantong Hospital of Shanghai University (The Sixth People's Hospital of Nantong), School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Nantong, 226011, China.,Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Organ Repair, School of Life Science, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
| | - Lingyan Ni
- Cardiac Regeneration and Ageing Lab, Institute of Geriatrics (Shanghai University), Affiliated Nantong Hospital of Shanghai University (The Sixth People's Hospital of Nantong), School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Nantong, 226011, China.,Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Organ Repair, School of Life Science, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
| | - Xinxin Zhang
- Cardiac Regeneration and Ageing Lab, Institute of Geriatrics (Shanghai University), Affiliated Nantong Hospital of Shanghai University (The Sixth People's Hospital of Nantong), School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Nantong, 226011, China.,Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Organ Repair, School of Life Science, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
| | - Priyanka Gokulnath
- Cardiovascular Division, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | | | - Guoping Li
- Cardiovascular Division, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Hongyun Wang
- Cardiac Regeneration and Ageing Lab, Institute of Geriatrics (Shanghai University), Affiliated Nantong Hospital of Shanghai University (The Sixth People's Hospital of Nantong), School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Nantong, 226011, China.,Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Organ Repair, School of Life Science, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
| | - Junjie Xiao
- Cardiac Regeneration and Ageing Lab, Institute of Geriatrics (Shanghai University), Affiliated Nantong Hospital of Shanghai University (The Sixth People's Hospital of Nantong), School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Nantong, 226011, China.,Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Organ Repair, School of Life Science, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
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4
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Morfino P, Aimo A, Castiglione V, Gálvez-Montón C, Emdin M, Bayes-Genis A. Treatment of cardiac fibrosis: from neuro-hormonal inhibitors to CAR-T cell therapy. Heart Fail Rev 2023; 28:555-569. [PMID: 36221014 PMCID: PMC9553301 DOI: 10.1007/s10741-022-10279-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Cardiac fibrosis is characterized by the deposition of extracellular matrix proteins in the spaces between cardiomyocytes following both acute and chronic tissue damage events, resulting in the remodeling and stiffening of heart tissue. Fibrosis plays an important role in the pathogenesis of many cardiovascular disorders, including heart failure and myocardial infarction. Several studies have identified fibroblasts, which are induced to differentiate into myofibroblasts in response to various types of damage, as the most important cell types involved in the fibrotic process. Some drugs, such as inhibitors of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, have been shown to be effective in reducing cardiac fibrosis. There are currently no drugs with primarily anti-fibrotic action approved for clinical use, as well as the evidence of a clinical efficacy of these drugs is extremely limited, despite the numerous encouraging results from experimental studies. A new approach is represented by the use of CAR-T cells engineered in vivo using lipid nanoparticles containing mRNA coding for a receptor directed against the FAP protein, expressed by cardiac myofibroblasts. This strategy has proved to be safe and effective in reducing myocardial fibrosis and improving cardiac function in mouse models of cardiac fibrosis. Clinical studies are required to test this novel approach in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paolo Morfino
- Interdisciplinary Center for Health Sciences, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Pisa, Italy
| | - Alberto Aimo
- Interdisciplinary Center for Health Sciences, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Pisa, Italy.
- Cardiology Division, Fondazione Toscana Gabriele Monasterio, Pisa, Italy.
| | - Vincenzo Castiglione
- Interdisciplinary Center for Health Sciences, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Pisa, Italy
| | - Carolina Gálvez-Montón
- Institut del Cor, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias I Pujol, Badalona, Spain
- CIBERCV, Carlos III Institute of Health, Madrid, Spain
| | - Michele Emdin
- Interdisciplinary Center for Health Sciences, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Pisa, Italy
- Cardiology Division, Fondazione Toscana Gabriele Monasterio, Pisa, Italy
| | - Antoni Bayes-Genis
- Institut del Cor, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias I Pujol, Badalona, Spain
- CIBERCV, Carlos III Institute of Health, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
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5
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Pun-García A, Clemente-Moragón A, Villena-Gutierrez R, Gómez M, Sanz-Rosa D, Díaz-Guerra A, Prados B, Medina JP, Montó F, Ivorra MD, Márquez-López C, Cannavo A, Bernal JA, Koch WJ, Fuster V, de la Pompa JL, Oliver E, Ibanez B. Beta-3 adrenergic receptor overexpression reverses aortic stenosis-induced heart failure and restores balanced mitochondrial dynamics. Basic Res Cardiol 2022; 117:62. [PMID: 36445563 PMCID: PMC9708808 DOI: 10.1007/s00395-022-00966-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Revised: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Aortic stenosis (AS) is associated with left ventricular (LV) hypertrophy and heart failure (HF). There is a lack of therapies able to prevent/revert AS-induced HF. Beta3 adrenergic receptor (β3AR) signaling is beneficial in several forms of HF. Here, we studied the potential beneficial effect of β3AR overexpression on AS-induced HF. Selective β3AR stimulation had a positive inotropic effect. Transgenic mice constitutively overexpressing human β3AR in the heart (c-hβ3tg) were protected from the development of HF in response to induced AS, and against cardiomyocyte mitochondrial dysfunction (fragmented mitochondria with remodeled cristae and metabolic reprogramming featuring altered substrate use). Similar beneficial effects were observed in wild-type mice inoculated with adeno-associated virus (AAV9) inducing cardiac-specific overexpression of human β3AR before AS induction. Moreover, AAV9-hβ3AR injection into wild-type mice at late disease stages, when cardiac hypertrophy and metabolic reprogramming are already advanced, reversed the HF phenotype and restored balanced mitochondrial dynamics, demonstrating the potential of gene-therapy-mediated β3AR overexpression in AS. Mice with cardiac specific ablation of Yme1l (cYKO), characterized by fragmented mitochondria, showed an increased mortality upon AS challenge. AAV9-hβ3AR injection in these mice before AS induction reverted the fragmented mitochondria phenotype and rescued them from death. In conclusion, our results step out that β3AR overexpression might have translational potential as a therapeutic strategy in AS-induced HF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrés Pun-García
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz University Hospital, Melchor Fernandez Almagro, 3, 28029, Madrid, Spain
- CIBERCV, Madrid, Spain
| | - Agustín Clemente-Moragón
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz University Hospital, Melchor Fernandez Almagro, 3, 28029, Madrid, Spain
- CIBERCV, Madrid, Spain
| | - Rocio Villena-Gutierrez
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz University Hospital, Melchor Fernandez Almagro, 3, 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - Monica Gómez
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz University Hospital, Melchor Fernandez Almagro, 3, 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - David Sanz-Rosa
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz University Hospital, Melchor Fernandez Almagro, 3, 28029, Madrid, Spain
- CIBERCV, Madrid, Spain
- Universidad Europea de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Anabel Díaz-Guerra
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz University Hospital, Melchor Fernandez Almagro, 3, 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - Belén Prados
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz University Hospital, Melchor Fernandez Almagro, 3, 28029, Madrid, Spain
- CIBERCV, Madrid, Spain
- Intercellular Signalling in Cardiovascular Development and Disease Laboratory, CNIC, Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan Pablo Medina
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz University Hospital, Melchor Fernandez Almagro, 3, 28029, Madrid, Spain
- Cardiology Department, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
| | - Fermí Montó
- Departamento de Farmacología, Facultad de Farmacia, ERI BIOTECMED, Universitat de València, Burjassot, Spain
| | - Maria Dolores Ivorra
- Departamento de Farmacología, Facultad de Farmacia, ERI BIOTECMED, Universitat de València, Burjassot, Spain
| | - Cristina Márquez-López
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz University Hospital, Melchor Fernandez Almagro, 3, 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - Alessandro Cannavo
- Center for Translational Medicine and Department of Pharmacology, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, Federico II University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Juan A Bernal
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz University Hospital, Melchor Fernandez Almagro, 3, 28029, Madrid, Spain
- CIBERCV, Madrid, Spain
| | - Walter J Koch
- Center for Translational Medicine and Department of Pharmacology, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Valentin Fuster
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz University Hospital, Melchor Fernandez Almagro, 3, 28029, Madrid, Spain
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - José Luis de la Pompa
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz University Hospital, Melchor Fernandez Almagro, 3, 28029, Madrid, Spain
- CIBERCV, Madrid, Spain
- Intercellular Signalling in Cardiovascular Development and Disease Laboratory, CNIC, Madrid, Spain
| | - Eduardo Oliver
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz University Hospital, Melchor Fernandez Almagro, 3, 28029, Madrid, Spain
- CIBERCV, Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas Margarita Salas (CIB), CSIC, Madrid, Spain
| | - Borja Ibanez
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz University Hospital, Melchor Fernandez Almagro, 3, 28029, Madrid, Spain.
- CIBERCV, Madrid, Spain.
- Cardiology Department, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain.
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6
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Mitophagy: A Potential Target for Pressure Overload-Induced Cardiac Remodelling. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:2849985. [PMID: 36204518 PMCID: PMC9532135 DOI: 10.1155/2022/2849985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2021] [Revised: 07/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The pathological mechanisms underlying cardiac remodelling and cardiac dysfunction caused by pressure overload are poorly understood. Mitochondrial damage and functional dysfunction, including mitochondrial bioenergetic disorder, oxidative stress, and mtDNA damage, contribute to heart injury caused by pressure overload. Mitophagy, an important regulator of mitochondrial homeostasis and function, is triggered by mitochondrial damage and participates in the pathological process of cardiovascular diseases. Recent studies indicate that mitophagy plays a critical role in the pressure overload model, but evidence on the causal relationship between mitophagy abnormality and pressure overload-induced heart injury is inconclusive. This review summarises the mechanism, role, and regulation of mitophagy in the pressure overload model. It also pays special attention to active compounds that may regulate mitophagy in pressure overload, which provide clues for possible clinical applications.
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Gul R, Alsalman N, Alfadda AA. Inhibition of eNOS Partially Blunts the Beneficial Effects of Nebivolol on Angiotensin II-Induced Signaling in H9c2 Cardiomyoblasts. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2022; 44:2139-2152. [PMID: 35678673 PMCID: PMC9164031 DOI: 10.3390/cimb44050144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2022] [Revised: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
We have recently illustrated that nebivolol can inhibit angiotensin II (Ang II)-mediated signaling in cardiomyoblasts; however, to date, the detailed mechanism for the beneficial effects of nebivolol has not been studied. Here, we investigated whether the inhibition of NO bioavailability by blocking eNOS (endothelial nitric oxide synthase) using L-NG-nitroarginine methyl ester (L-NAME) would attenuate nebivolol-mediated favorable effects on Ang II-evoked signaling in H9c2 cardiomyoblasts. Our data reveal that the nebivolol-mediated antagonistic effects on Ang II-induced oxidative stress were retreated by concurrent pretreatment with L-NAME and nebivolol. Similarly, the expressions of pro-inflammatory markers TNF-α and iNOS stimulated by Ang II were not decreased with the combination of nebivolol plus L-NAME. In contrast, the nebivolol-induced reduction in the Ang II-triggered mTORC1 pathway and the mRNA levels of hypertrophic markers ANP, BNP, and β-MHC were not reversed with the addition of L-NAME to nebivolol. In compliance with these data, the inhibition of eNOS by L-N⁵-(1-Iminoethyl) ornithine (LNIO) and its upstream regulator AMP-activated kinase (AMPK) with compound C in the presence of nebivolol showed effects similar to those of the L-NAME plus nebivolol combination on Ang II-mediated signaling. Pretreatment with either compound C plus nebivolol or LNIO plus nebivolol showed similar effects to those of the L-NAME plus nebivolol combination on Ang II-mediated signaling. In conclusion, our data indicate that the rise in NO bioavailability caused by nebivolol via the stimulation of AMPK/eNOS signaling is key for its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties but not for its antihypertrophic response upon Ang II stimulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rukhsana Gul
- Obesity Research Center, College of Medicine, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2925, Riyadh 11461, Saudi Arabia; (N.A.); (A.A.A.)
| | - Nouf Alsalman
- Obesity Research Center, College of Medicine, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2925, Riyadh 11461, Saudi Arabia; (N.A.); (A.A.A.)
| | - Assim A. Alfadda
- Obesity Research Center, College of Medicine, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2925, Riyadh 11461, Saudi Arabia; (N.A.); (A.A.A.)
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2925, Riyadh 11461, Saudi Arabia
- Strategic Center for Diabetes Research, College of Medicine, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2925, Riyadh 11461, Saudi Arabia
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8
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Travers JG, Tharp CA, Rubino M, McKinsey TA. Therapeutic targets for cardiac fibrosis: from old school to next-gen. J Clin Invest 2022; 132:148554. [PMID: 35229727 PMCID: PMC8884906 DOI: 10.1172/jci148554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases remain the leading cause of death worldwide, with pathological fibrotic remodeling mediated by activated cardiac myofibroblasts representing a unifying theme across etiologies. Despite the profound contributions of myocardial fibrosis to cardiac dysfunction and heart failure, there currently exist limited clinical interventions that effectively target the cardiac fibroblast and its role in fibrotic tissue deposition. Exploration of novel strategies designed to mitigate or reverse myofibroblast activation and cardiac fibrosis will likely yield powerful therapeutic approaches for the treatment of multiple diseases of the heart, including heart failure with preserved or reduced ejection fraction, acute coronary syndrome, and cardiovascular disease linked to type 2 diabetes. In this Review, we provide an overview of classical regulators of cardiac fibrosis and highlight emerging, next-generation epigenetic regulatory targets that have the potential to revolutionize treatment of the expanding cardiovascular disease patient population.
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Milano S, Carmosino M, Gerbino A, Saponara I, Lapi D, Dal Monte M, Bagnoli P, Svelto M, Procino G. Activation of the Thiazide-Sensitive Sodium-Chloride Cotransporter by Beta3-Adrenoreceptor in the Distal Convoluted Tubule. Front Physiol 2021; 12:695824. [PMID: 34483955 PMCID: PMC8414899 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.695824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Accepted: 07/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
We previously showed that the beta-3 adrenergic receptor (BAR3) is expressed in most segments of the nephron where its agonism promotes a potent antidiuretic effect. We localized BAR3 in distal convoluted tubule (DCT) cells expressing the thiazide-sensitive sodium-chloride cotransporter (NCC). Aim of this study is to investigate the possible functional role of BAR3 on NCC modulation in DCT cells. Here, we found that, in mice, the knockout of BAR3 was paralleled by a significant attenuation of NCC phosphorylation, paralleled by reduced expression and activation of STE-20/SPS1-related proline-alanine-rich kinase (SPAK) and WNKs the main kinases involved in NCC activation. Conversely, in BAR1/2 knockout mice, we found reduced NCC abundance with no changes in the phosphorylation state of NCC. Moreover, selective BAR3 agonism promotes both SPAK and NCC activation in wild-type mouse kidney slices. In conclusion, our findings suggest a novel role for BAR3 in the regulation of NCC in DCT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serena Milano
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Biopharmaceutics, University of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Monica Carmosino
- Department of Sciences, University of Basilicata, Potenza, Italy
| | - Andrea Gerbino
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Biopharmaceutics, University of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Ilenia Saponara
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Biopharmaceutics, University of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Dominga Lapi
- Department of Biology, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | | | - Paola Bagnoli
- Department of Biology, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Maria Svelto
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Biopharmaceutics, University of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Procino
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Biopharmaceutics, University of Bari, Bari, Italy
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10
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Perez DM. Targeting Adrenergic Receptors in Metabolic Therapies for Heart Failure. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:5783. [PMID: 34071350 PMCID: PMC8198887 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22115783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2021] [Revised: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 05/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The heart has a reduced capacity to generate sufficient energy when failing, resulting in an energy-starved condition with diminished functions. Studies have identified numerous changes in metabolic pathways in the failing heart that result in reduced oxidation of both glucose and fatty acid substrates, defects in mitochondrial functions and oxidative phosphorylation, and inefficient substrate utilization for the ATP that is produced. Recent early-phase clinical studies indicate that inhibitors of fatty acid oxidation and antioxidants that target the mitochondria may improve heart function during failure by increasing compensatory glucose oxidation. Adrenergic receptors (α1 and β) are a key sympathetic nervous system regulator that controls cardiac function. β-AR blockers are an established treatment for heart failure and α1A-AR agonists have potential therapeutic benefit. Besides regulating inotropy and chronotropy, α1- and β-adrenergic receptors also regulate metabolic functions in the heart that underlie many cardiac benefits. This review will highlight recent studies that describe how adrenergic receptor-mediated metabolic pathways may be able to restore cardiac energetics to non-failing levels that may offer promising therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dianne M Perez
- The Lerner Research Institute, The Cleveland Clinic Foundation, 9500 Euclid Ave, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
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11
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Kamiya M, Asai K, Maejima Y, Shirakabe A, Murai K, Noma S, Komiyama H, Sato N, Mizuno K, Shimizu W. β 3-Adrenergic Receptor Agonist Prevents Diastolic Dysfunction in an Angiotensin II-Induced Cardiomyopathy Mouse Model. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2020; 376:473-481. [PMID: 33318077 DOI: 10.1124/jpet.120.000140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2020] [Accepted: 11/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
β3-Adrenergic receptor expression is enhanced in the failing heart, but its functional effects are unclear. We tested the hypothesis that a β3-agonist improves left ventricular (LV) performance in heart failure. We examined the chronic effects of a β3-agonist in the angiotensin II (Ang II)-induced cardiomyopathy mouse model. C57BL/6J mice were treated with Ang II alone or Ang II + BRL 37344 (β3-agonist, BRL) for 4 weeks. Systolic blood pressure in conscious mice was significantly elevated in Ang II and Ang II + BRL mice compared with control mice. Heart rate was not different among the three groups. Systolic performance parameters that were measured by echocardiography and an LV catheter were similar among the groups. LV end-diastolic pressure and end-diastolic pressure-volume relationships were higher in Ang II mice compared with control mice. However, the increase in these parameters was prevented in Ang II + BRL mice, which suggested improvement in myocardial stiffness by BRL. Pathologic analysis showed that LV hypertrophy was induced in Ang II mice and failed to be prevented by BRL. However, increased collagen I/III synthesis, cardiac fibrosis, and lung congestion observed in Ang II mice were inhibited by BRL treatment. The cardioprotective benefits of BRL were associated with downregulation of transforming growth factor-β1 expression and phosphorylated-Smad2/3. Chronic infusion of a β3-agonist has a beneficial effect on LV diastolic function independent of blood pressure in the Ang II-induced cardiomyopathy mouse model. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: Chronic infusion of a β3-adrenergic receptor agonist attenuates cardiac fibrosis and improves diastolic dysfunction independently of blood pressure in an angiotensin II-induced hypertensive mouse model. This drug might be an effective treatment of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masataka Kamiya
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan (M.K., K.M., S.N., H.K., N.S., W.S.); Intensive Care Unit, Nippon Medical School Chiba-Hokusou Hospital, Chiba, Japan (K.A., A.S.); and Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan (Y.M.); Mitsukoshi Health and Welfare Foundation, Tokyo, Japan (K.M.)
| | - Kuniya Asai
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan (M.K., K.M., S.N., H.K., N.S., W.S.); Intensive Care Unit, Nippon Medical School Chiba-Hokusou Hospital, Chiba, Japan (K.A., A.S.); and Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan (Y.M.); Mitsukoshi Health and Welfare Foundation, Tokyo, Japan (K.M.)
| | - Yasuhiro Maejima
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan (M.K., K.M., S.N., H.K., N.S., W.S.); Intensive Care Unit, Nippon Medical School Chiba-Hokusou Hospital, Chiba, Japan (K.A., A.S.); and Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan (Y.M.); Mitsukoshi Health and Welfare Foundation, Tokyo, Japan (K.M.)
| | - Akihiro Shirakabe
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan (M.K., K.M., S.N., H.K., N.S., W.S.); Intensive Care Unit, Nippon Medical School Chiba-Hokusou Hospital, Chiba, Japan (K.A., A.S.); and Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan (Y.M.); Mitsukoshi Health and Welfare Foundation, Tokyo, Japan (K.M.)
| | - Koji Murai
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan (M.K., K.M., S.N., H.K., N.S., W.S.); Intensive Care Unit, Nippon Medical School Chiba-Hokusou Hospital, Chiba, Japan (K.A., A.S.); and Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan (Y.M.); Mitsukoshi Health and Welfare Foundation, Tokyo, Japan (K.M.)
| | - Satsuki Noma
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan (M.K., K.M., S.N., H.K., N.S., W.S.); Intensive Care Unit, Nippon Medical School Chiba-Hokusou Hospital, Chiba, Japan (K.A., A.S.); and Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan (Y.M.); Mitsukoshi Health and Welfare Foundation, Tokyo, Japan (K.M.)
| | - Hidenori Komiyama
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan (M.K., K.M., S.N., H.K., N.S., W.S.); Intensive Care Unit, Nippon Medical School Chiba-Hokusou Hospital, Chiba, Japan (K.A., A.S.); and Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan (Y.M.); Mitsukoshi Health and Welfare Foundation, Tokyo, Japan (K.M.)
| | - Naoki Sato
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan (M.K., K.M., S.N., H.K., N.S., W.S.); Intensive Care Unit, Nippon Medical School Chiba-Hokusou Hospital, Chiba, Japan (K.A., A.S.); and Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan (Y.M.); Mitsukoshi Health and Welfare Foundation, Tokyo, Japan (K.M.)
| | - Kyoichi Mizuno
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan (M.K., K.M., S.N., H.K., N.S., W.S.); Intensive Care Unit, Nippon Medical School Chiba-Hokusou Hospital, Chiba, Japan (K.A., A.S.); and Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan (Y.M.); Mitsukoshi Health and Welfare Foundation, Tokyo, Japan (K.M.)
| | - Wataru Shimizu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan (M.K., K.M., S.N., H.K., N.S., W.S.); Intensive Care Unit, Nippon Medical School Chiba-Hokusou Hospital, Chiba, Japan (K.A., A.S.); and Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan (Y.M.); Mitsukoshi Health and Welfare Foundation, Tokyo, Japan (K.M.)
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12
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Guan X, Guan X, Lu C, Shang B, Zhao Y, Meng Y, Zhang Z. Nebivolol combined with tetrahydrobiopterin affects diastolic function in spontaneously hypertensive rats via the nitric oxide/cyclic guanosine monophosphate signalling pathway. BMC Pharmacol Toxicol 2020; 21:84. [PMID: 33267901 PMCID: PMC7709331 DOI: 10.1186/s40360-020-00460-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2020] [Accepted: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hypertension is the the primary cause of diastolic heart failure. Oxidative stress plays an important role in cardiac diastolic dysfunction caused by hypertension. The occurrence of oxidative stress is related to the level of nitric oxide (NO) in the body. Tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4) is an essential cofactor for NO synthesis. Nebivolol can reduce myocardial oxidative stress and increase NO activity. Therefore, we investigated the effects of monotherapy or combination therapy of different doses of BH4 and nebivolol on cardiac diastolic function in spontaneously hypertensive rats, and preliminarily expounded the related mechanisms. METHODS Left ventricular function was evaluated by non-invasive echocardiographic assessment and invasive right carotid artery catheterization methods. ELISA was used to measure myocardial 3-nitrotyrosine content, NO production, and cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) concentration in the myocardium; quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) was used to determine endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS), phospholamban and sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPase 2a (SERCA2a) mRNA expression levels; Western blot was used to detect the protein expression levels of eNOS and eNOS dimers in myocardial tissue, and immunohistochemical detection of cGMP expression in the myocardium was performed. RESULTS Studies have shown that compared with those in the control group, NO generation and the expression level of myocardial eNOS mRNA, eNOS expression of dimers, phospholamban, SERCA2a and cGMP increased significantly after the combined intervention of BH4 and nebivolol, while the expression of 3-nitrotyrosine was significantly decreased. CONCLUSIONS The combined treatment group had a synergistic effect on reducing myocardial oxidative stress, increasing eNOS content, and increasing NO production, and had a more obvious protective effect on diastolic dysfunction through the nitric oxide/cyclic guanosine monophosphate (NO/cGMP) pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoli Guan
- General Medicine Department, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Xiaoying Guan
- Pathology Department, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Changhong Lu
- General Medicine Department, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Bo Shang
- General Medicine Department, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Yuan Zhao
- General Medicine Department, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Ying Meng
- General Medicine Department, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Zhengyi Zhang
- General Medicine Department, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu, China.
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13
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Michel LYM, Farah C, Balligand JL. The Beta3 Adrenergic Receptor in Healthy and Pathological Cardiovascular Tissues. Cells 2020; 9:cells9122584. [PMID: 33276630 PMCID: PMC7761574 DOI: 10.3390/cells9122584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2020] [Revised: 11/27/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The third isotype of beta-adrenoreceptors (β3-AR) has recently come (back) into focus after the observation of its expression in white and beige human adipocytes and its implication in metabolic regulation. This coincides with the recent development and marketing of agonists at the human receptor with superior specificity. Twenty years ago, however, we and others described the expression of β3-AR in human myocardium and its regulation of contractility and cardiac remodeling. Subsequent work from many laboratories has since expanded the characterization of β3-AR involvement in many aspects of cardiovascular physio(patho)logy, justifying the present effort to update current paradigms under the light of the most recent evidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauriane Y. M. Michel
- Pole of Pharmacology and Therapeutics (FATH), Institut de Recherche Experimentale et Clinique (IREC), Université Catholique de Louvain, B1.57.04, 57 Avenue Hippocrate, 1200 Brussels, Belgium; (L.Y.M.M.); (C.F.)
| | - Charlotte Farah
- Pole of Pharmacology and Therapeutics (FATH), Institut de Recherche Experimentale et Clinique (IREC), Université Catholique de Louvain, B1.57.04, 57 Avenue Hippocrate, 1200 Brussels, Belgium; (L.Y.M.M.); (C.F.)
| | - Jean-Luc Balligand
- Pole of Pharmacology and Therapeutics (FATH), Institut de Recherche Experimentale et Clinique (IREC), Université Catholique de Louvain, B1.57.04, 57 Avenue Hippocrate, 1200 Brussels, Belgium; (L.Y.M.M.); (C.F.)
- Department of Medicine, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Université Catholique de Louvain, 10 Avenue Hippocrate, 1200 Brussels, Belgium
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +32-27645262
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14
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Gambardella J, Khondkar W, Morelli MB, Wang X, Santulli G, Trimarco V. Arginine and Endothelial Function. Biomedicines 2020; 8:biomedicines8080277. [PMID: 32781796 PMCID: PMC7460461 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines8080277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Revised: 08/04/2020] [Accepted: 08/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Arginine (L-arginine), is an amino acid involved in a number of biological processes, including the biosynthesis of proteins, host immune response, urea cycle, and nitric oxide production. In this systematic review, we focus on the functional role of arginine in the regulation of endothelial function and vascular tone. Both clinical and preclinical studies are examined, analyzing the effects of arginine supplementation in hypertension, ischemic heart disease, aging, peripheral artery disease, and diabetes mellitus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Gambardella
- Department of Medicine (Division of Cardiology), Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Albert Einstein College of Medicine—Montefiore University Hospital, New York City, NY 10461, USA; (J.G.); (W.K.); (M.B.M.); (X.W.)
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Fleischer Institute for Diabetes and Metabolism, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York City, NY 10461, USA
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, “Federico II” University, 80131 Naples, Italy
- International Translational Research and Medical Education (ITME), 80100 Naples, Italy
| | - Wafiq Khondkar
- Department of Medicine (Division of Cardiology), Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Albert Einstein College of Medicine—Montefiore University Hospital, New York City, NY 10461, USA; (J.G.); (W.K.); (M.B.M.); (X.W.)
| | - Marco Bruno Morelli
- Department of Medicine (Division of Cardiology), Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Albert Einstein College of Medicine—Montefiore University Hospital, New York City, NY 10461, USA; (J.G.); (W.K.); (M.B.M.); (X.W.)
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Fleischer Institute for Diabetes and Metabolism, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York City, NY 10461, USA
| | - Xujun Wang
- Department of Medicine (Division of Cardiology), Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Albert Einstein College of Medicine—Montefiore University Hospital, New York City, NY 10461, USA; (J.G.); (W.K.); (M.B.M.); (X.W.)
| | - Gaetano Santulli
- Department of Medicine (Division of Cardiology), Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Albert Einstein College of Medicine—Montefiore University Hospital, New York City, NY 10461, USA; (J.G.); (W.K.); (M.B.M.); (X.W.)
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Fleischer Institute for Diabetes and Metabolism, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York City, NY 10461, USA
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, “Federico II” University, 80131 Naples, Italy
- International Translational Research and Medical Education (ITME), 80100 Naples, Italy
- Correspondence:
| | - Valentina Trimarco
- Department of Neuroscience, “Federico II” University, 80131 Naples, Italy;
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15
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Zhang JK, Miao J, Chen ZQ, Duan SZ, Zhang X, Ji WJ, Niu JM, Yuan F, Zhou X, Li YM, Zhang Z. β3-Adrenergic Activation Improves Maternal and Offspring Perinatal Outcomes in Diet-Induced Prepregnancy Obesity in Mice. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2019; 27:1482-1493. [PMID: 31328894 DOI: 10.1002/oby.22561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2019] [Accepted: 05/20/2019] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Prepregnancy obesity is an epidemic disorder that seriously threatens both maternal and offspring health. This study investigated the effects of β3-adrenergic receptor (β3-AR) activation on the perinatal outcomes in a diet-induced prepregnancy obese (PPO) murine model. METHODS Four-week-old female C57BL/6 mice were fed high-fat diet or chow diet for 16 weeks to yield PPO mice and chow-fed (CF) lean mice, respectively. After successful mating with CF males, the PPO and CF mice were both randomly divided into vehicle control- or CL316,243 (a highly selective β3-AR agonist)-treated groups. On gestational day 7, subcutaneous infusion of CL316,243 or saline vehicle (1 mg/kg/d) was provided using osmotic pumps. The perinatal outcomes, adipose tissue morphology, and metabolic and inflammatory markers were examined. RESULTS Chronic β3-AR agonist infusion induced brown adipose tissue activation and white adipose tissue browning and countered obesity-induced alterations in lipid profiles, insulin resistance, and systemic and local inflammatory states. Moreover, β3-AR activation was associated with improved placental perfusion and offspring outcomes. CONCLUSIONS Our results provide proof-of-principle evidence that pharmacological β3-AR activation may be of therapeutic potential in preventing prepregnancy-obesity-associated adverse maternal and offspring perinatal outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Kai Zhang
- Logistics University of the Chinese People's Armed Police Force, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Target Organ Injury, Characteristic Medical Center of the Chinese People's Armed Police Forces, Tianjin, China
| | - Jun Miao
- Logistics University of the Chinese People's Armed Police Force, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Target Organ Injury, Characteristic Medical Center of the Chinese People's Armed Police Forces, Tianjin, China
| | - Zu-Qin Chen
- Logistics University of the Chinese People's Armed Police Force, Tianjin, China
- Department of MRI, Characteristic Medical Center of the Chinese People's Armed Police Forces, Tianjin, China
| | - Si-Zhang Duan
- Logistics University of the Chinese People's Armed Police Force, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Target Organ Injury, Characteristic Medical Center of the Chinese People's Armed Police Forces, Tianjin, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Target Organ Injury, Characteristic Medical Center of the Chinese People's Armed Police Forces, Tianjin, China
| | - Wen-Jie Ji
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Target Organ Injury, Characteristic Medical Center of the Chinese People's Armed Police Forces, Tianjin, China
| | - Jian-Min Niu
- Shenzhen Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Fei Yuan
- Department of MRI, Characteristic Medical Center of the Chinese People's Armed Police Forces, Tianjin, China
| | - Xin Zhou
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Target Organ Injury, Characteristic Medical Center of the Chinese People's Armed Police Forces, Tianjin, China
- Department of Cardiology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Yu-Ming Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Target Organ Injury, Characteristic Medical Center of the Chinese People's Armed Police Forces, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhuoli Zhang
- Department of Radiology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
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16
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Beta-3 adrenoceptors: A potential therapeutic target for heart disease. Eur J Pharmacol 2019; 858:172468. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2019.172468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2019] [Revised: 06/12/2019] [Accepted: 06/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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17
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Zhang Z, Lu C, Meng Y, Wang Q, Guan X, Yu J. Effects of Tetrahydrobiopterin Combined with Nebivolol on Cardiac Diastolic Function in SHRs. Biol Pharm Bull 2019; 42:1102-1111. [PMID: 30867344 DOI: 10.1248/bpb.b18-00691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the effects of combined use of tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4) and nebivolol on cardiac diastolic dysfunction in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs). Twelve-week-old male SHRs were treated with BH4, nebivolol, or a combination of both. Left ventricle function was evaluated, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production (including dihydroethidium (DHE) and 3-nitrotyrosine (3-NT)), nitric oxide synthase (NOS) activity and the level of NO in myocardial tissue were determined. The expression levels of endothelial NOS (eNOS), phospholamban (PLN), sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ ATPase (SERCA2a), β3-adrenoceptor, cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP), and protein kinase G (PKG) were assayed. Treatment with BH4, nebivolol, or both reversed the noninvasive indexes of diastolic function, including E/E' and E'/A', and the invasive indexes, including time constant of isovolumic left ventricle (LV) relaxation (tau), -dP/dtmin, -dP/dtmin/LV systolic pressure (LVSP), and LV end-diastolic pressure (LVEDP) in SHRs. mRNA and protein expression levels of eNOS dimer, phosphorylated PLN, SERCA2a, cGMP, and PKG in the myocardium of treated SHRs were significantly up-regulated compared with those in control rats (p < 0.05 or p < 0.01). The expression levels of 3-NT and DHE were reduced in all treated groups (p < 0.05 or p < 0.01). Notably, combined use of BH4 and nebivolol had better cardioprotective effects than monotherapies. BH4 or nebivolol has a protective effect on diastolic dysfunction in SHRs, and BH4 combined with nebivolol may exert a synergistically cardioprotective effect through activation of β3-adrenoceptor and the NO/cGMP/PKG signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengyi Zhang
- Cardiac Hospital, Lanzhou University Second Hospital
| | - Changhong Lu
- Cardiac Hospital, Lanzhou University Second Hospital
| | - Ying Meng
- Cardiac Hospital, Lanzhou University Second Hospital
| | | | - Xiaoli Guan
- Cardiac Hospital, Lanzhou University Second Hospital
| | - Jing Yu
- Cardiac Hospital, Lanzhou University Second Hospital
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18
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Jovanovic P, Spasojevic N, Puskas N, Stefanovic B, Dronjak S. Oxytocin modulates the expression of norepinephrine transporter, β 3-adrenoceptors and muscarinic M 2 receptors in the hearts of socially isolated rats. Peptides 2019; 111:132-141. [PMID: 29969648 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2018.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2018] [Revised: 06/25/2018] [Accepted: 06/26/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Social stress produces behavioral alterations, and autonomic and cardiac dysfunction in animals. In addition to the well-known roles of oxytocin on birth and maternal bonding, recent evidence shows that this neuropeptide possesses cardio-protective properties. However less is known about its role in the regulation of the autonomic nervous system. The direct influence of oxytocin on the cardiac catecholamine synthesizing enzyme, transport beta-adrenoceptors and muscarinic receptors in animals exposed to chronic social isolation stress has not yet been studied. In this study, we examined the influence of peripheral chronic oxytocin treatment on anxiety-related behavior, the morphology and content of epinephrine and norepinephrine, mRNA and protein levels of tyrosine hydroxylase (TH), norepinephrine transporter (NET) and receptors <beta> 3 (β3-AR) and muscarinic 2 (M2 MR) in the right and left cardiac atrium and ventricle of chronically socially isolated male rats. Our results show that oxytocin treatment exhibits an anxiolytic effect, decreases the heart/body weight ratio and prevents the hypertrophy of cardiomyocytes in the wall of the left ventricle of stressed rats. Epinephrine and TH protein levels were unchanged after prolonged oxytocin treatment. Peripheral oxytocin administration led to the enhancement of gene expression of β3-AR in both atria, NET protein in the left ventricle and gene expression of M2 MR in the right atrium and the left ventricle of chronically socially isolated rats. The study provides evidence that oxytocin treatment in chronically socially isolated animals enhances norepinephrine uptake and expression of cardio-inhibitory receptors in cardiac tissues, which could have a beneficial effect on the cardiovascular system under the increased activity of the sympathoneural system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Predrag Jovanovic
- Department of Molecular Biology and Endocrinology, Institute of Nuclear Sciences "Vinca", University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Natasa Spasojevic
- Department of Molecular Biology and Endocrinology, Institute of Nuclear Sciences "Vinca", University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Nela Puskas
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Histology and Embryology "Aleksandar Đ. Kostić", University of Belgrade, Višegradska, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Bojana Stefanovic
- Department of Molecular Biology and Endocrinology, Institute of Nuclear Sciences "Vinca", University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Sladjana Dronjak
- Department of Molecular Biology and Endocrinology, Institute of Nuclear Sciences "Vinca", University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia.
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19
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Alteration of β-Adrenoceptor Signaling in Left Ventricle of Acute Phase Takotsubo Syndrome: a Human Study. Sci Rep 2018; 8:12731. [PMID: 30143703 PMCID: PMC6109068 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-31034-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2017] [Accepted: 08/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Accumulating evidence indicates alteration of the β-adrenoceptor (AR), such as desensitization and subtype switching of its coupling G protein, plays a role in the protection against catecholamine toxicity in heart failure. However, in human takotsubo syndrome (TTS), which is associated with a surge of circulating catecholamine in the acute phase, there is no histologic evidence of β-AR alteration. The purpose of this study was to investigate the involvement of alteration of β-AR signaling in the mechanism of TTS development. Left ventricular (LV) biopsied samples from 26 patients with TTS, 19 with normal LV function, and 26 with dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) were studied. G protein-coupled receptor kinase 2 (GRK2) and β-arrestin2, which initiate the alteration of β-AR signaling, were more abundantly expressed in the myocardium in acute-phase TTS than in those of DCM and normal control as indicated by immunohistochemistry. The percentage of cardiomyocytes that showed positive membrane staining for GRK2 and β-arrestin2 was also significantly higher in acute-phase TTS. Sequential biopsies in the recovery-phase for two patients with TTS revealed that membrane expression of GRK2 and β-arrestin2 faded over time. This study provided the first histologic evidence of the involvement of alteration of β-ARs in the development of TTS.
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20
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Wu QQ, Xiao Y, Duan MX, Yuan Y, Jiang XH, Yang Z, Liao HH, Deng W, Tang QZ. Aucubin protects against pressure overload-induced cardiac remodelling via the β 3 -adrenoceptor-neuronal NOS cascades. Br J Pharmacol 2018; 175:1548-1566. [PMID: 29447430 DOI: 10.1111/bph.14164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2017] [Revised: 01/21/2018] [Accepted: 01/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Aucubin, the predominant component of Eucommia ulmoides Oliv., has been shown to have profound effects on oxidative stress. As oxidative stress has previously been demonstrated to contribute to acute and chronic myocardial injury, we tested the effects of aucubin on cardiac remodelling and heart failure. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH Initially, H9c2 cardiomyocytes and neonatal rat cardiomyocytes pretreated with aucubin (1, 3, 10, 25 and 50 μM) were challenged with phenylephrine. Secondly, the transverse aorta was constricted in C57/B6 and neuronal NOS (nNOS)-knockout mice, then aucubin (1 or 5 mg·kg-1 body weight day-1 ) was injected i.p. for 25 days. Hypertrophy was evaluated by assessing morphological changes, echocardiographic parameters, histological analyses and hypertrophic markers. Oxidative stress was evaluated by examining ROS generation, oxidase activity and NO generation. NOS expression was determined by Western blotting. KEY RESULTS Aucubin effectively suppressed cardiac remodelling; in mice, aucubin substantially inhibited pressure overload-induced cardiac hypertrophy, fibrosis and inflammation, whereas knocking out nNOS abolished these cardioprotective effects of aucubin. Blocking or knocking down the β3 -adrenoceptor abolished the protective effects of aucubin in vitro. Furthermore, aucubin enhanced the protective effects of a β3 -adrenoceptor agonist in vitro by increasing cellular cAMP levels, whereas treatment with an adenylate cyclase (AC) inhibitor abolished the cardioprotective effects of aucubin. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS Aucubin suppresses oxidative stress during cardiac remodelling by increasing the expression of nNOS in a process that requires activation of the β3 -adrenoceptor/AC/cAMP pathway. These findings suggest that aucubin could have potential as a treatment for cardiac remodelling and heart failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing-Qing Wu
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yang Xiao
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, China
| | - Ming-Xia Duan
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yuan Yuan
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiao-Han Jiang
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zheng Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, China
| | - Hai-Han Liao
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, China
| | - Wei Deng
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, China
| | - Qi-Zhu Tang
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, China
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21
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Yang N, Shi XL, Zhang BL, Rong J, Zhang TN, Xu W, Liu CF. The Trend of β3-Adrenergic Receptor in the Development of Septic Myocardial Depression: A Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Rat Septic Shock Model. Cardiology 2018; 139:234-244. [PMID: 29566368 DOI: 10.1159/000487126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2017] [Accepted: 01/18/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Septic shock with low cardiac output is very common in children. However, the mechanism underlying myocardial depression is unclear. The role of β3-AR in the development of myocardial depression in sepsis is unknown. In the present study, we generated an adolescent rat model of hypodynamic septic shock induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Neonatal cardiomyocytes were also treated with LPS to mimic myocardial depression in sepsis, which was confirmed via an in vivo left ventricular hemodynamic study, and measurements of contractility and the Ca2+ transient in isolated adolescent and neonatal cardiomyocytes. After 16 h of LPS treatment, cultured neonatal cardiomyocytes showed a diminished Ca2+ transient amplitude associated with an increase in the β3-AR level. With the addition of a β3-AR agonist, the Ca2+ transient in LPS-treated neonatal rat cardiomyocytes gradually decreased over time; such a change was absent in cells treated with nitric oxide synthase (NOS) inhibitors prior to treatment with a β3-AR agonist. In adolescent rats with septic myocardial depression, cardiac function declined as indicated by decreased MAP, dP/dtmax, and dP/dtmix for 6 h after LPS injection; however, the β3-AR level first increased 2 h after LPS treatment and then decreased 6 h after LPS treatment in the absence of exogenous catecholamines. The results indicate that, in vitro, at the cellular level β3-AR may be involved in the development of myocardial depression (Ca2+ transient depression) in sepsis through NOS signaling pathways; however, in vivo, a complicated mechanism for modulating β3-AR may exist.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ni Yang
- Department of Pediatrics, PICU, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xiao-Lu Shi
- Experimental Research Center, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Bing-Lun Zhang
- Department of Pediatrics, PICU, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Jian Rong
- Department of Pediatrics, PICU, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Tie-Ning Zhang
- Department of Pediatrics, PICU, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Wei Xu
- Department of Pediatrics, PICU, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Chun-Feng Liu
- Department of Pediatrics, PICU, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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Wang B, Xu M, Li W, Li X, Zheng Q, Niu X. Aerobic exercise protects against pressure overload-induced cardiac dysfunction and hypertrophy via β3-AR-nNOS-NO activation. PLoS One 2017. [PMID: 28622359 PMCID: PMC5473571 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0179648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Aerobic exercise confers sustainable protection against cardiac hypertrophy and heart failure (HF). Nitric oxide synthase (NOS) and nitric oxide (NO) are known to play an important role in exercise-mediated cardioprotection, but the mechanism of NOS/NO stimulation during exercise remains unclear. The aim of this study is to determine the role of β3-adrenergic receptors (β3-ARs), NOS activation, and NO metabolites (nitrite and nitrosothiols) in the sustained cardioprotective effects of aerobic exercise. An HF model was constructed by transverse aortic constriction (TAC). Animals were treated with either moderate aerobic exercise by swimming for 9 weeks and/or the β3-AR-specific inhibitor SR59230A at 0.1 mg/kg/hour one day after TAC operation. Myocardial fibrosis, myocyte size, plasma catecholamine (CA) level, cardiac function and geometry were assessed using Masson’s trichrome staining, FITC-labeled wheat germ agglutinin staining, enzyme-linked immuno sorbent assay (ELISA) and echocardiography, respectively. Western blot analysis was performed to elucidate the expression of target proteins. The concentration of myocardial NO production was evaluated using the nitrate reductase method. Myocardial oxidative stress was assessed by detecting the concentration of myocardial super oxidative dismutase (SOD), malonyldialdehyde (MDA), and reactive oxygen species (ROS). Aerobic exercise training improved dilated left ventricular function and partially attenuated the degree of cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis in TAC mice. Moreover, the increased expression of β3-AR, activation of neuronal NOS (nNOS), and production of NO were detected after aerobic exercise training in TAC mice. However, selective inhibition of β3-AR by SR59230A abolished the upregulation and activation of nNOS induced NO production. Furthermore, aerobic exercise training decreased the myocardial ROS and MDA contents and increased myocardial levels of SOD; both effects were partially attenuated by SR59230A. Our study suggested that aerobic exercise training could improve cardiac systolic function and alleviate LV chamber dilation, cardiac fibrosis and hypertrophy in HF mice. The mechanism responsible for the protective effects of aerobic exercise is associated with the activation of the β3-AR-nNOS-NO pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Ming Xu
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenju Li
- Department of Cardiology, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Xiaoli Li
- Department of Cardiology, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Qiangsun Zheng
- Department of Cardiology, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
- Department of Cardiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
- * E-mail: (XN); (QZ)
| | - Xiaolin Niu
- Department of Cardiology, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
- * E-mail: (XN); (QZ)
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23
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Barr LA, Lambert JP, Shimizu Y, Barouch LA, Naqvi N, Calvert JW. Exercise training provides cardioprotection by activating and coupling endothelial nitric oxide synthase via a β 3-adrenergic receptor-AMP-activated protein kinase signaling pathway. Med Gas Res 2017; 7:1-8. [PMID: 28480026 PMCID: PMC5402342 DOI: 10.4103/2045-9912.202904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Exercise training confers sustainable protection against ischemia/reperfusion injury. However, the mechanism by which this process occurs is not fully understood. Previously, it was shown that β3-adrenergic receptors (β3-ARs) play a critical role in regulating the activation of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) in response to exercise and play a critical role in exercise-mediated cardioprotection. Intriguingly, a deficiency in β3-ARs led to increased myocardial injury following exercise training. The purpose of the current study was to determine mechanisms by which β3-ARs are linked to eNOS activation and to determine the mechanism responsible for the exacerbated ischemia/reperfusion injury displayed by β3-AR deficient (β3-AR KO) mice after exercise training. Wild-type (n = 37) and β3-AR KO (n = 40) mice were subjected to voluntary wheel running for 4 weeks. Western blot analysis revealed that neither protein kinase B nor protein kinase A linked β3-ARs to eNOS following exercise training. However, analysis revealed a role for AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK). Specifically, exercise training increased the phosphorylation of AMPK in the hearts of wild-type mice, but failed to do so in the hearts of β3-AR KO mice. Additional studies revealed that exercise training rendered eNOS less coupled and increased NOS-dependent superoxide levels in β3-AR KO mice. Finally, supplementing β3-AR KO mice with the eNOS coupler, tetrahydrobiopterin, during the final week of exercise training reduced myocardial infarction. These findings provide important information that exercise training protects the heart in the setting of myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury by activating and coupling eNOS via the stimulation of a β3-AR-AMPK signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Larry A Barr
- Department of Surgery, Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Carlyle Fraser Heart Center, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Jonathan P Lambert
- Department of Surgery, Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Carlyle Fraser Heart Center, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Yuuki Shimizu
- Department of Surgery, Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Carlyle Fraser Heart Center, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Lili A Barouch
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Nawazish Naqvi
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - John W Calvert
- Department of Surgery, Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Carlyle Fraser Heart Center, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
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Dulce RA, Kulandavelu S, Schulman IH, Fritsch J, Hare JM. Nitric Oxide Regulation of Cardiovascular Physiology and Pathophysiology. Nitric Oxide 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-804273-1.00024-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
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Abstract
Isolated systolic hypertension is a major health burden that is expanding with the aging of our population. There is evidence that central arterial stiffness contributes to the rise in systolic blood pressure (SBP); at the same time, central arterial stiffening is accelerated in patients with increased SBP. This bidirectional relationship created a controversy in the field on whether arterial stiffness leads to hypertension or vice versa. Given the profound interdependency of arterial stiffness and blood pressure, this question seems intrinsically challenging, or probably naïve. The aorta's function of dampening the pulsatile flow generated by the left ventricle is optimal within a physiological range of distending pressure that secures the required distal flow, keeps the aorta in an optimal mechanical conformation, and minimizes cardiac work. This homeostasis is disturbed by age-associated, minute alterations in aortic hemodynamic and mechanical properties that induce short- and long-term alterations in each other. Hence, it is impossible to detect an "initial insult" at an epidemiological level. Earlier manifestations of these alterations are observed in young adulthood with a sharp decline in aortic strain and distensibility accompanied by an increase in diastolic blood pressure. Subsequently, aortic mechanical reserve is exhausted, and aortic remodeling with wall stiffening and dilatation ensue. These two phenomena affect pulse pressure in opposite directions and different magnitudes. With early remodeling, there is an increase in pulse pressure, due to the dominance of arterial wall stiffness, which in turn accelerates aortic wall stiffness and dilation. With advanced remodeling, which appears to be greater in men, the effect of diameter becomes more pronounced and partially offsets the effect of wall stiffness leading to plateauing in pulse pressure in men and slower increase in pulse pressure (PP) than that of wall stiffness in women. The complex nature of the hemodynamic changes with aging makes the "one-size-fits-all" approach suboptimal and urges for therapies that address the vascular profile that underlies a given blood pressure, rather than the blood pressure values themselves.
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Karimi Galougahi K, Liu CC, Garcia A, Fry NA, Hamilton EJ, Figtree GA, Rasmussen HH. β3-Adrenoceptor activation relieves oxidative inhibition of the cardiac Na+-K+ pump in hyperglycemia induced by insulin receptor blockade. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2015; 309:C286-95. [PMID: 26063704 PMCID: PMC4556897 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00071.2015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2015] [Accepted: 06/09/2015] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Dysregulated nitric oxide (NO)- and superoxide (O2 (·-))-dependent signaling contributes to the pathobiology of diabetes-induced cardiovascular complications. We examined if stimulation of β3-adrenergic receptors (β3-ARs), coupled to endothelial NO synthase (eNOS) activation, relieves oxidative inhibition of eNOS and the Na(+)-K(+) pump induced by hyperglycemia. Hyperglycemia was established in male New Zealand White rabbits by infusion of the insulin receptor antagonist S961 for 7 days. Hyperglycemia increased tissue and blood indexes of oxidative stress. It induced glutathionylation of the Na(+)-K(+) pump β1-subunit in cardiac myocytes, an oxidative modification causing pump inhibition, and reduced the electrogenic pump current in voltage-clamped myocytes. Hyperglycemia also increased glutathionylation of eNOS, which causes its uncoupling, and increased coimmunoprecipitation of cytosolic p47(phox) and membranous p22(phox) NADPH oxidase subunits, consistent with NADPH oxidase activation. Blocking translocation of p47(phox) to p22(phox) with the gp91ds-tat peptide in cardiac myocytes ex vivo abolished the hyperglycemia-induced increase in glutathionylation of the Na(+)-K(+) pump β1-subunit and decrease in pump current. In vivo treatment with the β3-AR agonist CL316243 for 3 days eliminated the increase in indexes of oxidative stress, decreased coimmunoprecipitation of p22(phox) with p47(phox), abolished the hyperglycemia-induced increase in glutathionylation of eNOS and the Na(+)-K(+) pump β1-subunit, and abolished the decrease in pump current. CL316243 also increased coimmunoprecipitation of glutaredoxin-1 with the Na(+)-K(+) pump β1-subunit, which may reflect facilitation of deglutathionylation. In vivo β3-AR activation relieves oxidative inhibition of key cardiac myocyte proteins in hyperglycemia and may be effective in targeting the deleterious cardiac effects of diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keyvan Karimi Galougahi
- North Shore Heart Research Group, Kolling Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia; and Department of Cardiology, Royal North Shore Hospital, Sydney, Australia
| | - Chia-Chi Liu
- North Shore Heart Research Group, Kolling Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia; and
| | - Alvaro Garcia
- North Shore Heart Research Group, Kolling Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia; and
| | - Natasha A Fry
- North Shore Heart Research Group, Kolling Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia; and
| | - Elisha J Hamilton
- North Shore Heart Research Group, Kolling Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia; and
| | - Gemma A Figtree
- North Shore Heart Research Group, Kolling Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia; and Department of Cardiology, Royal North Shore Hospital, Sydney, Australia
| | - Helge H Rasmussen
- North Shore Heart Research Group, Kolling Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia; and Department of Cardiology, Royal North Shore Hospital, Sydney, Australia
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27
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Abstract
It is well established that cardiac remodeling plays a pivotal role in the development of heart failure, a leading cause of death worldwide. Meanwhile, sympathetic hyperactivity is an important factor in inducing cardiac remodeling. Therefore, an in-depth understanding of beta-adrenoceptor signaling pathways would help to find better ways to reverse the adverse remodeling. Here, we reviewed five pathways, namely mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling, Gs-AC-cAMP signaling, Ca(2+)-calcineurin-NFAT/CaMKII-HDACs signaling, PI3K signaling and beta-3 adrenergic signaling, in cardiac remodeling. Furthermore, we constructed a cardiac-remodeling-specific regulatory network including miRNA, transcription factors and target genes within the five pathways. Both experimental and clinical studies have documented beneficial effects of beta blockers in cardiac remodeling; nevertheless, different blockers show different extent of therapeutic effect. Exploration of the underlying mechanisms could help developing more effective drugs. Current evidence of treatment effect of beta blockers in remodeling was also reviewed based upon information from experimental data and clinical trials. We further discussed the mechanism of how beta blockers work and why some beta blockers are more potent than others in treating cardiac remodeling within the framework of cardiac remodeling network.
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28
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Imbrogno S, Gattuso A, Mazza R, Angelone T, Cerra MC. β3 -AR and the vertebrate heart: a comparative view. Acta Physiol (Oxf) 2015; 214:158-75. [PMID: 25809182 DOI: 10.1111/apha.12493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2014] [Revised: 11/04/2014] [Accepted: 03/16/2015] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Recent cardiovascular research showed that, together with β1- and β2-adrenergic receptors (ARs), β3-ARs contribute to the catecholamine (CA)-dependent control of the heart. β3-ARs structure, function and ligands were investigated in mammals because of their applicative potential in human cardiovascular diseases. Only recently, the concept of a β3-AR-dependent cardiac modulation was extended to non-mammalian vertebrates, although information is still scarce and fragmentary. β3-ARs were structurally described in fish, showing a closer relationship to mammalian β1-AR than β2-AR. Functional β3-ARs are present in the cardiac tissue of teleosts and amphibians. As in mammals, activation of these receptors elicits a negative modulation of the inotropic performance through the involvement of the endothelium endocardium (EE), Gi/0 proteins and the nitric oxide (NO) signalling. This review aims to comparatively analyse data from literature on β3-ARs in mammals, with those on teleosts and amphibians. The purpose is to highlight aspects of uniformity and diversity of β3-ARs structure, ligands activity, function and signalling cascades throughout vertebrates. This may provide new perspectives aimed to clarify the biological relevance of β3-ARs in the context of the nervous and humoral control of the heart and its functional plasticity.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. Imbrogno
- Department of Biology, Ecology and Earth Sciences; University of Calabria; Arcavacata di Rende Italy
| | - A. Gattuso
- Department of Biology, Ecology and Earth Sciences; University of Calabria; Arcavacata di Rende Italy
| | - R. Mazza
- Department of Biology, Ecology and Earth Sciences; University of Calabria; Arcavacata di Rende Italy
| | - T. Angelone
- Department of Biology, Ecology and Earth Sciences; University of Calabria; Arcavacata di Rende Italy
- National Institute of Cardiovascular Research; Bologna Italy
| | - M. C. Cerra
- Department of Biology, Ecology and Earth Sciences; University of Calabria; Arcavacata di Rende Italy
- National Institute of Cardiovascular Research; Bologna Italy
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29
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Edwardson DW, Narendrula R, Chewchuk S, Mispel-Beyer K, Mapletoft JPJ, Parissenti AM. Role of Drug Metabolism in the Cytotoxicity and Clinical Efficacy of Anthracyclines. Curr Drug Metab 2015; 16:412-26. [PMID: 26321196 PMCID: PMC5398089 DOI: 10.2174/1389200216888150915112039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2015] [Revised: 07/31/2015] [Accepted: 08/10/2015] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Many clinical studies involving anti-tumor agents neglect to consider how these agents are metabolized within the host and whether the creation of specific metabolites alters drug therapeutic properties or toxic side effects. However, this is not the case for the anthracycline class of chemotherapy drugs. This review describes the various enzymes involved in the one electron (semi-quinone) or two electron (hydroxylation) reduction of anthracyclines, or in their reductive deglycosidation into deoxyaglycones. The effects of these reductions on drug antitumor efficacy and toxic side effects are also discussed. Current evidence suggests that the one electron reduction of anthracyclines augments both their tumor toxicity and their toxicity towards the host, in particular their cardiotoxicity. In contrast, the two electron reduction (hydroxylation) of anthracyclines strongly reduces their ability to kill tumor cells, while augmenting cardiotoxicity through their accumulation within cardiomyocytes and their direct effects on excitation/contraction coupling within the myocytes. The reductive deglycosidation of anthracyclines appears to inactivate the drug and only occurs under rare, anaerobic conditions. This knowledge has resulted in the identification of important new approaches to improve the therapeutic index of anthracyclines, in particular by inhibiting their cardiotoxicity. The true utility of these approaches in the management of cancer patients undergoing anthracycline-based chemotherapy remains unclear, although one such agent (the iron chelator dexrazoxane) has recently been approved for clinical use.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Amadeo M Parissenti
- Dept. of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Laurentian University, 935 Ramsey Lake Road, Sudbury, ON P3E 2C6, Canada.
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Laukova M, Tillinger A, Novakova M, Krizanova O, Kvetnansky R, Myslivecek J. Repeated immobilization stress increases expression of β3 -adrenoceptor in the left ventricle and atrium of the rat heart. Stress Health 2014; 30:301-9. [PMID: 23878066 DOI: 10.1002/smi.2515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2012] [Revised: 05/24/2013] [Accepted: 06/21/2013] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Stress is a contributor of many cardiovascular diseases. Positive inotropic and chronotropic effects of catecholamines are regulated via β-adrenergic receptors (ARs). Many reports exist concerning changes of cardiac β1 - and β2 -ARs in stress, but only a few deal with modulation of cardiac β3 -AR. Our aim was to analyze the expression and binding sites of β1 -, β2 - and β3 -ARs and adenylyl cyclase activity in the left ventricle, and β3 -AR expression and binding in the left atrium of rats exposed to acute and chronic immobilization stress (IMO). The concentration of noradrenaline in the ventricle decreased, while adrenaline increased, especially after repeated IMO. The mRNA and protein levels, and binding sites of β3 -subtype significantly rose following chronic IMO, while all parameters for β2 -AR dropped after single and repeated exposure. Similarly, the mRNA levels and binding sites for β3 -subtype increased in the left atrium as a consequence of chronic IMO. The rise in β3 -subtypes and a drop in β2 -subtypes resulted in inhibition of adenylyl cyclase activity within the left ventricle. Taken together, among other factors, up-regulation of β3 -AR could represent an adaptation mechanism, which might be related to altered physiological function of the left ventricle and atrium during prolonged emotional stress and might serve cardioprotective function during catecholamine overload.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcela Laukova
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, USA; Institute of Experimental Endocrinology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia
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Siu KL, Lotz C, Ping P, Cai H. Netrin-1 abrogates ischemia/reperfusion-induced cardiac mitochondrial dysfunction via nitric oxide-dependent attenuation of NOX4 activation and recoupling of NOS. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2014; 78:174-85. [PMID: 25066694 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2014.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2014] [Revised: 07/06/2014] [Accepted: 07/07/2014] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Despite an established role of mitochondrial dysfunction in cardiac ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury, the upstream activators have remained incompletely defined. We have recently identified an innovative role of exogenously applied netrin-1 in cardioprotection, which is mediated by increased nitric oxide (NO) bioavailability. Here, we tested the hypothesis that this "pharmacological" treatment of netrin-1 preserves mitochondrial function via novel mechanisms that are NO dependent. Freshly isolated C57BL6 mouse hearts were perfused using a Langendorff system, and subjected to a 20min global ischemia/60min reperfusion, in the presence or absence of netrin-1. I/R induced marked increases in infarct size, total superoxide and hydrogen peroxide production, activity and protein abundance of NADPH oxidase (NOX) isoform 4 (NOX4), as well as impaired mitochondrial integrity and function, all of which were attenuated by netrin-1. This protective effect of netrin-1 is attributed to cGMP, a downstream effector of NO. The protein levels of NOX1 and NOX2 were however unaffected, and infarct size from NOX1 and NOX2 knockouts was not different from wild type animals. Scavenging of NO with PTIO reversed inhibitory effects of netrin-1 on NOX4, while NO donor attenuated NOX4 protein abundance. In vivo NOX4 RNAi, or sepiapterin perfusion, resulted in recoupling of NOS, decreased infarct size, and blockade of dysfunctional mitochondrial swelling and mitochondrial superoxide production. These data demonstrate that netrin-1 induces cardioprotection through inhibition of NOX4 activity, which leads to recoupling of NOS, augmented NO bioavailability, reduction in oxidative stress, and ultimately preservation of mitochondrial function. The NO-dependent NOX4 inhibition connects with our previously established pathway of DCC/ERK1/2/eNOS/NO/DCC feed-forward mechanism, to maintain NOS in the coupling state to attenuate oxidative stress to preserve mitochondrial function. These findings may promote development of novel therapeutics for cardiac I/R injury. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled "Mitochondria: From Basic Mitochondrial Biology to Cardiovascular Disease".
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Affiliation(s)
- Kin Lung Siu
- Divisions of Molecular Medicine and Cardiology, Department of Anesthesiology, Cardiovascular Research Laboratories, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Divisions of Molecular Medicine and Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Research Laboratories, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Christopher Lotz
- Department of Physiology, Cardiovascular Research Laboratories, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Peipei Ping
- Department of Physiology, Cardiovascular Research Laboratories, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Hua Cai
- Divisions of Molecular Medicine and Cardiology, Department of Anesthesiology, Cardiovascular Research Laboratories, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Divisions of Molecular Medicine and Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Research Laboratories, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
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32
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Niu X, Zhao L, Li X, Xue Y, Wang B, Lv Z, Chen J, Sun D, Zheng Q. β3-Adrenoreceptor stimulation protects against myocardial infarction injury via eNOS and nNOS activation. PLoS One 2014; 9:e98713. [PMID: 24911015 PMCID: PMC4049583 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0098713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2013] [Accepted: 05/07/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
β3-adrenergic receptor (AR) and the downstream signaling, nitric oxide synthase (NOS) isoforms, have been emerged as novel modulators of heart function and even potential therapeutic targets for cardiovascular diseases. However, it is not known whether β3-AR plays cardioprotective effects against myocardial infarction (MI) injury. Therefore, the present study was designed to determine the effects of β3-AR on MI injury and to elucidate the underlying mechanism. MI model was constructed by left anterior descending (LAD) artery ligation. Animals were administrated with β3-AR agonist BRL37344 (BRL) or β3-AR inhibitor SR59230A (SR) respectively at 0.1 mg/kg/hour one day after MI operation. The scar area, cardiac function and the apoptosis of myocardial were assessed by Masson's trichrome stain, echocardiography and TUNEL assay respectively. Western blot analysis was performed to elucidate the expressions of target proteins. β3-AR activation with BRL administration significantly attenuated fibrosis and decreased scar area after MI. Moreover, BRL also preserved heart function, and reduced the apoptosis of cardiomyocyte induced by MI. Furthermore, BRL treatment altered the phosphorylation status of endothelial NOS (eNOS) and increased the expression of neuronal NOS (nNOS). These results suggested that β3-AR stimulation has a substantial effect on recovery of heart function. In addition, the activations of both eNOS and nNOS may be associated with the cardiac protective effects of β3-AR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolin Niu
- Department of Cardiology, Tangdu Hospital, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Lianyou Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, Tangdu Hospital, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xue Li
- Department of Cardiology, Tangdu Hospital, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yusheng Xue
- Department of Cardiology, Tangdu Hospital, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Bin Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Tangdu Hospital, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Zongqiang Lv
- Cadet Brigade of Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jianghong Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Tangdu Hospital, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Dongdong Sun
- Department of Cardiology, Xijing Hospital, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
- * E-mail: (QZ); (DS)
| | - Qiangsun Zheng
- Department of Cardiology, Tangdu Hospital, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
- * E-mail: (QZ); (DS)
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33
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Chen T, Cai MX, Li YY, He ZX, Shi XC, Song W, Wang YH, Xi Y, Kang YM, Tian ZJ. Aerobic exercise inhibits sympathetic nerve sprouting and restores β-adrenergic receptor balance in rats with myocardial infarction. PLoS One 2014; 9:e97810. [PMID: 24842290 PMCID: PMC4026473 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0097810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2014] [Accepted: 04/24/2014] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Cardiac sympathetic nerve sprouting and the dysregulation of β-adrenergic receptor (β-AR) play a critical role in the deterioration of cardiac function after myocardial infarction (MI). Growing evidence indicates that exercise provides protection against MI. The aims of this study were to investigate whether aerobic exercise following MI could inhibit sympathetic nerve sprouting and restore the balance of β3-AR/β1-AR. Methods Male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into three groups: sham-operated control group (SC), MI group (MI), and MI with aerobic exercise group (ME). The rats in ME group were assigned to 8 weeks of exercise protocol (16 m/min, 50 min/d, 5 d/wk). The expression of nerve growth factor (NGF), the sympathetic nerve marker-tyrosine hydroxylase (TH), the nerve sprouting marker-growth associated protein 43 (GAP43), and β1- and β2-AR expression in the peri-infarct area of the left ventricle (LV) were measured by Western blot and immunohistochemistry, while β3-AR expression was determined by Western blot and immunofluorescence. Endothelial nitric oxide synthase (NOS2), phospho-NOS2 (p-NOS2), and neuronal nitric oxide synthase (NOS1) were measured by Western blot. Results MI increased LV end-diastolic pressure (LVEDP), and decreased LV systolic pressure (LVSP). Compared with the MI group, aerobic exercise significantly decreased LVEDP and increased LVSP. The protein expression of TH, GAP43 and NGF was significantly increased after MI, which was normalized by exercise. Compared with the SC group, the ratios of β2-AR/β1-AR and β3-AR/β1-AR were elevated in the MI group, and the protein expression of β3-AR and NOS1 increased after MI. Compared with the MI group, the ratios of β2-AR/β1-AR and β3-AR/β1-AR were normalized in the ME group, while the protein expression of β3-AR and NOS1 significantly increased, and NOS2 was activated by exercise. Conclusions Aerobic exercise inhibits cardiac sympathetic nerve sprouting, restores β3-AR/β1-AR balance and increases β3-AR expression through the activation of NOS2 and NOS1 after myocardial infarction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Chen
- Institute of Sports and Exercise Biology, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, P. R. China
- Department of Sports and Exercise, Tibet University for Nationalities, Xian yang, Shaanxi, P. R. China
| | - Meng-Xin Cai
- Institute of Sports and Exercise Biology, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, P. R. China
| | - You-You Li
- Department of Physiology and Department of Cardiology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, P. R. China
| | - Zhi-Xiong He
- Institute of Sports and Exercise Biology, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, P. R. China
| | - Xiu-Chao Shi
- Institute of Sports and Exercise Biology, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, P. R. China
| | - Wei Song
- Institute of Sports and Exercise Biology, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, P. R. China
| | - You-Hua Wang
- Institute of Sports and Exercise Biology, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, P. R. China
| | - Yue Xi
- Institute of Sports and Exercise Biology, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, P. R. China
| | - Yu-Ming Kang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Xi’an Jiaotong University Cardiovascular Research Center, Xi’an Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Xi’an, Shaanxi, P. R. China
| | - Zhen-Jun Tian
- Institute of Sports and Exercise Biology, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, P. R. China
- * E-mail:
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Sasaki H, Nagayama T, Blanton RM, Seo K, Zhang M, Zhu G, Lee DI, Bedja D, Hsu S, Tsukamoto O, Takashima S, Kitakaze M, Mendelsohn ME, Karas RH, Kass DA, Takimoto E. PDE5 inhibitor efficacy is estrogen dependent in female heart disease. J Clin Invest 2014; 124:2464-71. [PMID: 24837433 DOI: 10.1172/jci70731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2013] [Accepted: 03/06/2014] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Inhibition of cGMP-specific phosphodiesterase 5 (PDE5) ameliorates pathological cardiac remodeling and has been gaining attention as a potential therapy for heart failure. Despite promising results in males, the efficacy of the PDE5 inhibitor sildenafil in female cardiac pathologies has not been determined and might be affected by estrogen levels, given the hormone's involvement in cGMP synthesis. Here, we determined that the heart-protective effect of sildenafil in female mice depends on the presence of estrogen via a mechanism that involves myocyte eNOS-dependent cGMP synthesis and the cGMP-dependent protein kinase Iα (PKGIα). Sildenafil treatment failed to exert antiremodeling properties in female pathological hearts from Gαq-overexpressing or pressure-overloaded mice after ovary removal; however, estrogen replacement restored the effectiveness of sildenafil in these animals. In females, sildenafil-elicited myocardial PKG activity required estrogen, which stimulated tonic cardiomyocyte cGMP synthesis via an eNOS/soluble guanylate cyclase pathway. In contrast, eNOS activation, cGMP synthesis, and sildenafil efficacy were not estrogen dependent in male hearts. Estrogen and sildenafil had no impact on pressure-overloaded hearts from animals expressing dysfunctional PKGIα, indicating that PKGIα mediates antiremodeling effects. These results support the importance of sex differences in the use of PDE5 inhibitors for treating heart disease and the critical role of estrogen status when these agents are used in females.
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Qin F, Siwik DA, Pimentel DR, Morgan RJ, Biolo A, Tu VH, Kang YJ, Cohen RA, Colucci WS. Cytosolic H2O2 mediates hypertrophy, apoptosis, and decreased SERCA activity in mice with chronic hemodynamic overload. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2014; 306:H1453-63. [PMID: 24633550 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00084.2014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative stress in the myocardium plays an important role in the pathophysiology of hemodynamic overload. The mechanism by which reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the cardiac myocyte mediate myocardial failure in hemodynamic overload is not known. Accordingly, our goals were to test whether myocyte-specific overexpression of peroxisomal catalase (pCAT) that localizes in the sarcoplasm protects mice from hemodynamic overload-induced failure and prevents oxidation and inhibition of sarco(endo)plasmic reticulum Ca(2+)-ATPase (SERCA), an important sarcoplasmic protein. Chronic hemodynamic overload was caused by ascending aortic constriction (AAC) for 12 wk in mice with myocyte-specific transgenic expression of pCAT. AAC caused left ventricular hypertrophy and failure associated with a generalized increase in myocardial oxidative stress and specific oxidative modifications of SERCA at cysteine 674 and tyrosine 294/5. pCAT overexpression ameliorated myocardial hypertrophy and apoptosis, decreased pathological remodeling, and prevented the progression to heart failure. Likewise, pCAT prevented oxidative modifications of SERCA and increased SERCA activity without changing SERCA expression. Thus cardiac myocyte-restricted expression of pCAT effectively ameliorated the structural and functional consequences of chronic hemodynamic overload and increased SERCA activity via a post-translational mechanism, most likely by decreasing inhibitory oxidative modifications. In pressure overload-induced heart failure cardiac myocyte cytosolic ROS play a pivotal role in mediating key pathophysiologic events including hypertrophy, apoptosis, and decreased SERCA activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fuzhong Qin
- From the Cardiovascular Medicine Section, Department of Medicine, and the Myocardial and Vascular Biology Units, Boston University Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Deborah A Siwik
- From the Cardiovascular Medicine Section, Department of Medicine, and the Myocardial and Vascular Biology Units, Boston University Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - David R Pimentel
- From the Cardiovascular Medicine Section, Department of Medicine, and the Myocardial and Vascular Biology Units, Boston University Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Robert J Morgan
- From the Cardiovascular Medicine Section, Department of Medicine, and the Myocardial and Vascular Biology Units, Boston University Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Andreia Biolo
- From the Cardiovascular Medicine Section, Department of Medicine, and the Myocardial and Vascular Biology Units, Boston University Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Vivian H Tu
- From the Cardiovascular Medicine Section, Department of Medicine, and the Myocardial and Vascular Biology Units, Boston University Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Y James Kang
- From the Cardiovascular Medicine Section, Department of Medicine, and the Myocardial and Vascular Biology Units, Boston University Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Richard A Cohen
- From the Cardiovascular Medicine Section, Department of Medicine, and the Myocardial and Vascular Biology Units, Boston University Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Wilson S Colucci
- From the Cardiovascular Medicine Section, Department of Medicine, and the Myocardial and Vascular Biology Units, Boston University Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts
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Zhao Z, Wang H, Jessup JA, Lindsey SH, Chappell MC, Groban L. Role of estrogen in diastolic dysfunction. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2014; 306:H628-40. [PMID: 24414072 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00859.2013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 141] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The prevalence of left ventricular diastolic dysfunction (LVDD) sharply increases in women after menopause and may lead to heart failure. While evidence suggests that estrogens protect the premenopausal heart from hypertension and ventricular remodeling, the specific mechanisms involved remain elusive. Moreover, whether there is a protective role of estrogens against cardiovascular disease, and specifically LVDD, continues to be controversial. Clinical and basic science have implicated activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS), linked to the loss of ovarian estrogens, in the pathogenesis of postmenopausal diastolic dysfunction. As a consequence of increased tissue ANG II and low estrogen, a maladaptive nitric oxide synthase (NOS) system produces ROS that contribute to female sex-specific hypertensive heart disease. Recent insights from rodent models that mimic the cardiac phenotype of an estrogen-insufficient or -deficient woman (e.g., premature ovarian failure or postmenopausal), including the ovariectomized congenic mRen2.Lewis female rat, provide evidence showing that estrogen modulates the tissue RAAS and NOS system and related intracellular signaling pathways, in part via the membrane G protein-coupled receptor 30 (GPR30; also called G protein-coupled estrogen receptor 1). Complementing the cardiovascular research in this field, the echocardiographic correlates of LVDD as well as inherent limitations to its use in preclinical rodent studies will be briefly presented. Understanding the roles of estrogen and GPR30, their interactions with the local RAAS and NOS system, and the relationship of each of these to LVDD is necessary to identify new therapeutic targets and alternative treatments for diastolic heart failure that achieve the cardiovascular benefits of estrogen replacement without its side effects and contraindications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuo Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, Jinan Central Hospital, Affiliated with Shandong University, Jinan, China
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Belge C, Hammond J, Dubois-Deruy E, Manoury B, Hamelet J, Beauloye C, Markl A, Pouleur AC, Bertrand L, Esfahani H, Jnaoui K, Götz KR, Nikolaev VO, Vanderper A, Herijgers P, Lobysheva I, Iaccarino G, Hilfiker-Kleiner D, Tavernier G, Langin D, Dessy C, Balligand JL. Enhanced expression of β3-adrenoceptors in cardiac myocytes attenuates neurohormone-induced hypertrophic remodeling through nitric oxide synthase. Circulation 2013; 129:451-62. [PMID: 24190960 DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.113.004940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND β1-2-adrenergic receptors (AR) are key regulators of cardiac contractility and remodeling in response to catecholamines. β3-AR expression is enhanced in diseased human myocardium, but its impact on remodeling is unknown. METHODS AND RESULTS Mice with cardiac myocyte-specific expression of human β3-AR (β3-TG) and wild-type (WT) littermates were used to compare myocardial remodeling in response to isoproterenol (Iso) or Angiotensin II (Ang II). β3-TG and WT had similar morphometric and hemodynamic parameters at baseline. β3-AR colocalized with caveolin-3, endothelial nitric oxide synthase (NOS) and neuronal NOS in adult transgenic myocytes, which constitutively produced more cyclic GMP, detected with a new transgenic FRET sensor. Iso and Ang II produced hypertrophy and fibrosis in WT mice, but not in β3-TG mice, which also had less re-expression of fetal genes and transforming growth factor β1. Protection from Iso-induced hypertrophy was reversed by nonspecific NOS inhibition at low dose Iso, and by preferential neuronal NOS inhibition at high-dose Iso. Adenoviral overexpression of β3-AR in isolated cardiac myocytes also increased NO production and attenuated hypertrophy to Iso and phenylephrine. Hypertrophy was restored on NOS or protein kinase G inhibition. Mechanistically, β3-AR overexpression inhibited phenylephrine-induced nuclear factor of activated T-cell activation. CONCLUSIONS Cardiac-specific overexpression of β3-AR does not affect cardiac morphology at baseline but inhibits the hypertrophic response to neurohormonal stimulation in vivo and in vitro, through a NOS-mediated mechanism. Activation of the cardiac β3-AR pathway may provide future therapeutic avenues for the modulation of hypertrophic remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catharina Belge
- Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (IREC), Pole of Pharmacology and Therapeutics (FATH), Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium (C.B., J. Hammond, E.D.-D., B.M., J. Hamelet, A.M., H.E., K.J., I.L., C.D., J.-L.B.); Pole of Cardiovascular Pathology and Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium (C.B., A.-C.P., L.B.); the Division of Cardiology and Pneumology, University of Goettingen, Goettingen, Germany (K.R.G., V.O.N.); the Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Belgium (A.V., P.H.); the Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Salerno and RCCS "Multimedica," Milano, Italy (G.I.); Molecular Cardiology, Medizinische Hochschule Hannover, Germany (D.H.-K.); and Université Paul Sabatier, Inserm UMR 1048 - I2MC, Hôpitaux de Toulouse, France (G.T., D.L.)
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Wang J, Li M, Ma X, Bai K, Wang L, Yan Z, Lv T, Zhao Z, Zhao R, Liu H. Autoantibodies against the β3-adrenoceptor protect from cardiac dysfunction in a rat model of pressure overload. PLoS One 2013; 8:e78207. [PMID: 24147120 PMCID: PMC3795652 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0078207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2012] [Accepted: 09/17/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
β3-adrenoceptors (β3-ARs) mediate a negative inotropic effect in human ventricular cardiomyocytes, which is opposite to that of β1- and β2-ARs. It has been previously demonstrated that autoantibodies against the β1/β2-AR exist in the sera of some patients with heart failure (HF) and these autoantibodies display agonist-like effects. Our aim in this study was to observe whether autoantibodies against the β3-AR (β3-AR Abs) exist in the sera of patients with HF and to assess the effects of β3-AR Abs on rat model of pressure overload cardiomyopthy. In the present study, the level of β3-AR Abs in the sera of HF patients was screened by ELISA. β3-AR Abs from HF patients were administrated to male adult rats with abdominal aortic banding (AAB), and the cardiac function was measured by echocardiographic examination and hemodynamic studies. The biological effects of this autoantibody on cardiomyocytes were evaluated using a motion-edge detection system, intracellular calcium transient assay, and patch clamp techniques. Compared to healthy subjects, the frequency of occurrence and titer of β3-AR Abs in the sera of HF patients were greatly increased, and β3-AR Abs could prevent LV dilation and improve the cardiac function of rats with AAB. β3-AR Abs exhibited negative chronotropic and inotropic effects and were accompanied by a decreased intracellular Ca2+ transient and membrane L-type Ca2+ current in cardiomyocytes. Our results demonstrated the existence of β3-AR Abs in the sera of patients with HF and found that this autoantibody could alleviate the cardiac dysfunction induced by pressure-overload in AAB rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Wang
- Department of Physiology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, P. R. China
| | - Meixia Li
- State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Science, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Xiurui Ma
- Shanxi Cardiovascular Diseases Hospital, Taiyuan, Shanxi, P. R. China
| | - Kehua Bai
- Department of Physiology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, P. R. China
| | - Li Wang
- Department of Physiology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, P. R. China
| | - Zi Yan
- Department of Physiology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, P. R. China
| | - Tingting Lv
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Capital Medical University, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Zhiqing Zhao
- Department of Physiology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, P. R. China
- Department of Basic Biomedical Sciences, Mercer University School of Medicine, Savannah, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Rongrui Zhao
- Department of Physiology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, P. R. China
| | - Huirong Liu
- Department of Physiology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, P. R. China
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Capital Medical University, Beijing, P. R. China
- * E-mail:
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Gomes AC, Falcão-Pires I, Pires AL, Brás-Silva C, Leite-Moreira AF. Rodent models of heart failure: an updated review. Heart Fail Rev 2013; 18:219-49. [PMID: 22446984 DOI: 10.1007/s10741-012-9305-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Heart failure (HF) is one of the major health and economic burdens worldwide, and its prevalence is continuously increasing. The study of HF requires reliable animal models to study the chronic changes and pharmacologic interventions in myocardial structure and function and to follow its progression toward HF. Indeed, during the past 40 years, basic and translational scientists have used small animal models to understand the pathophysiology of HF and find more efficient ways of preventing and managing patients suffering from congestive HF (CHF). Each species and each animal model has advantages and disadvantages, and the choice of one model over another should take them into account for a good experimental design. The aim of this review is to describe and highlight the advantages and drawbacks of some commonly used HF rodents models, including both non-genetically and genetically engineered models, with a specific subchapter concerning diastolic HF models.
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Affiliation(s)
- A C Gomes
- Department of Physiology and Cardiothoracic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Alameda Professor Hernâni Monteiro, 4200-319, Porto, Portugal
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Watts VL, Sepulveda FM, Cingolani OH, Ho AS, Niu X, Kim R, Miller KL, Vandegaer K, Bedja D, Gabrielson KL, Rameau G, O'Rourke B, Kass DA, Barouch LA. Anti-hypertrophic and anti-oxidant effect of beta3-adrenergic stimulation in myocytes requires differential neuronal NOS phosphorylation. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2013; 62:8-17. [PMID: 23643588 PMCID: PMC4041152 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2013.04.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2012] [Revised: 04/23/2013] [Accepted: 04/25/2013] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE Stimulation of β3-adrenoreceptors (β3-AR) blunts contractility and improves chronic left ventricular function in hypertrophied and failing hearts in a neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) dependent manner. nNOS can be regulated by post-translational modification of stimulatory phosphorylation residue Ser1412 and inhibitory residue Ser847. However, the role of phosphorylation of these residues in cardiomyocytes and β3-AR protective signaling has yet to be explored. OBJECTIVE We tested the hypothesis that β3-AR regulation of myocyte stress requires changes in nNOS activation mediated by differential nNOS phosphorylation. METHODS AND RESULTS Endothelin (ET-1) or norepinephrine induced hypertrophy in rat neonatal ventricular cardiomyocytes (NRVMs) was accompanied by increased β3-AR gene expression. Co-administration of the β3-AR agonist BRL-37433 (BRL) reduced cell size and reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, while augmenting NOS activity. BRL-dependent augmentation of NOS activity and ROS suppression due to NE were blocked by inhibiting nNOS (L-VNIO). BRL augmented nNOS phosphorylation at Ser1412 and dephosphorylation at Ser847. Cells expressing constitutively dephosphorylated Ser1412A or phosphorylated Ser847D nNOS mutants displayed reduced nNOS activity and a lack of BRL modulation. BRL also failed to depress ROS from NE in cells with nNOS-Ser847D. Inhibiting Akt decreased BRL-induced nNOS-Ser1412 phosphorylation and NOS activation, whereas Gi/o blockade blocked BRL-regulation of both post-translational modifications, preventing enhancement of NOS activity and ROS reduction. BRL resulted in near complete dephosphorylation of Ser847 and a moderate rise in Ser1412 phosphorylation in mouse myocardium exposed to chronic pressure-overload. CONCLUSION β3-AR regulates myocardial NOS activity and ROS via activation of nNOS involving reciprocal changes in phosphorylation at two regulatory sites. These data identify a novel and potent anti-oxidant and anti-hypertrophic pathway due to nNOS post-translational modification that is coupled to β3-AR receptor stimulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vabren L. Watts
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Fernando M. Sepulveda
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Science and Technology, Antillean Adventist University, Mayaguez, Puerto Rico
| | - Oscar H. Cingolani
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Alice S. Ho
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Xiaolin Niu
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Cardiology, Tangdu Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, PR China
| | - Rosa Kim
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Karen L. Miller
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Koenraad Vandegaer
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Djahida Bedja
- Department of Comparative Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Kathleen L. Gabrielson
- Department of Comparative Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Gerald Rameau
- Department of Biology, Morgan State University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Brian O'Rourke
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - David A. Kass
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Lili A. Barouch
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
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Diurnal variation in excitation-contraction coupling is lost in the adult spontaneously hypertensive rat heart. J Hypertens 2013; 31:1214-23. [DOI: 10.1097/hjh.0b013e328360ae4b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
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Dedkova EN, Seidlmayer LK, Blatter LA. Mitochondria-mediated cardioprotection by trimetazidine in rabbit heart failure. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2013; 59:41-54. [PMID: 23388837 PMCID: PMC3670593 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2013.01.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2012] [Revised: 01/07/2013] [Accepted: 01/28/2013] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Trimetazidine (TMZ) is used successfully for treatment of ischemic cardiomyopathy, however its therapeutic potential in heart failure (HF) remains to be established. While the cardioprotective action of TMZ has been linked to inhibition of free fatty acid oxidation (FAO) via 3-ketoacyl CoA thiolase (3-KAT), additional mechanisms have been suggested. The aim of this study was to evaluate systematically the effects of TMZ on calcium signaling and mitochondrial function in a rabbit model of non-ischemic HF and to determine the cellular mechanisms of the cardioprotective action of TMZ. TMZ protected HF ventricular myocytes from cytosolic Ca(2+) overload and subsequent hypercontracture, induced by electrical and ß-adrenergic (isoproterenol) stimulation. This effect was mediated by the ability of TMZ to protect HF myocytes against mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP) opening via attenuation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation by the mitochondrial electron transport chain (ETC) and uncoupled mitochondrial nitric oxide synthase (mtNOS). The majority of ROS generated by the ETC in HF arose from enhanced complex II-mediated electron leak. TMZ inhibited the elevated electron leak at the level of mitochondrial ETC complex II and improved impaired activity of mitochondrial complex I, thereby restoring redox balance and mitochondrial membrane potential in HF. While TMZ decreased FAO by ~15%, the 3-KAT inhibitor 4-bromotiglic acid did not provide protection against palmitic acid-induced mPTP opening, indicating that TMZ effects were 3-KAT independent. Thus, the beneficial effect of TMZ in rabbit HF was not linked to FAO inhibition, but rather associated with reduced complex II- and uncoupled mtNOS-mediated oxidative stress and decreased propensity for mPTP opening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena N Dedkova
- Department of Molecular Biophysics and Physiology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA.
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Ozakca I, Arioglu-Inan E, Esfahani H, Altan VM, Balligand JL, Kayki-Mutlu G, Ozcelikay AT. Nebivolol prevents desensitization of β-adrenoceptor signaling and induction of cardiac hypertrophy in response to isoprenaline beyond β1-adrenoceptor blockage. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2013; 304:H1267-76. [DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00352.2012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The importance of chronic stimulation of β-adrenoceptors in the development of cardiac dysfunction is the rationale for the use of β-blockers in the treatment of heart failure. Nebivolol is a third-generation β-blocker, which has further properties including stimulation of endothelial nitric oxide synthase and/or β3-adrenoceptors. The aim of this study was to investigate whether nebivolol has additional effects on β-adrenoceptor-mediated functional responses along with morphologic and molecular determinants of cardiac hypertrophy compared with those of metoprolol, a selective β1-adrenoceptor blocker. Rats infused by isoprenaline (100 μg·kg−1·day−1, 14 days) were randomized into three groups according to the treatment with metoprolol (30 mg·kg−1·day−1), nebivolol (10 mg·kg−1·day−1), or placebo for 13 days starting on day 1 after implantation of minipump. Both metoprolol and nebivolol caused a similar reduction on heart rate. Nebivolol mediated a significant improvement on cardiac mass, coronary flow, mRNA expression levels of sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ ATPase (SERCA2a) and atrial natriuretic peptide and phospholamban (PLN)/SERCA2a and phospho-PLN/PLN ratio compared with metoprolol and placebo. Nebivolol prevented the detrimental effects of isoprenaline infusion on isoprenaline (68% of control at 30 μM), BRL37344 (63% of control at 0.1 μM), and forskolin (64% of control at 1 μM) responses compared with metoprolol (isoprenaline, 34% of control; BRL37344, no response; forskolin, 26% of control) and placebo (isoprenaline, 33% of control; BRL37344, 28% of control; forskolin, 12% of control). Both β-blockers improved the changes in mRNA expressions of β1- and β3-adrenoceptors. Our results suggest that nebivolol partially protects the responsiveness of β-adrenoceptor signaling and the development of cardiac hypertrophy independent of its β1-adrenoceptor blocking effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isil Ozakca
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey; and
| | - Ebru Arioglu-Inan
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey; and
| | - Hrag Esfahani
- Pole of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, FATH/IREC, Universite Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - V. Melih Altan
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey; and
| | - Jean-Luc Balligand
- Pole of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, FATH/IREC, Universite Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Gizem Kayki-Mutlu
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey; and
| | - A. Tanju Ozcelikay
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey; and
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Beta blockers, nitric oxide, and cardiovascular disease. Curr Opin Pharmacol 2013; 13:265-73. [DOI: 10.1016/j.coph.2012.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2012] [Revised: 11/23/2012] [Accepted: 12/16/2012] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Beneficial cardiac effects of caloric restriction are lost with age in a murine model of obesity. J Cardiovasc Transl Res 2013; 6:436-45. [PMID: 23456569 DOI: 10.1007/s12265-013-9453-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2012] [Accepted: 02/04/2013] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Obesity is associated with increased diastolic stiffness and myocardial steatosis and dysfunction. The impact of aging on the protective effects of caloric restriction (CR) is not clear. We studied 2-month (younger) and 6-7-month (older)-old ob/ob mice and age-matched C57BL/6J controls (WT). Ob/ob mice were assigned to diet ad libitum or CR for 4 weeks. We performed echocardiograms, myocardial triglyceride assays, Oil Red O staining, and measured free fatty acids, superoxide, NOS activity, ceramide levels, and Western blots. In younger mice, CR restored diastolic function, reversed myocardial steatosis, and upregulated Akt phosphorylation. None of these changes was observed in the older mice; however, CR decreased oxidative stress and normalized NOS activity in these animals. Interestingly, myocardial steatosis was not associated with increased ceramide, but CR altered the composition of ceramides. In this model of obesity, aging attenuates the benefits of CR on myocardial structure and function.
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Pires AL, Pinho M, Alves BS, Pinho S, Sena C, Seica RM, Leite-Moreira AF. Reverse myocardial effects of intermedin in pressure-overloaded hearts: role of endothelial nitric oxide synthase activity. J Physiol 2013; 591:677-87. [PMID: 23165766 PMCID: PMC3577549 DOI: 10.1113/jphysiol.2012.240812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2012] [Accepted: 11/14/2012] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Intermedin (IMD) is a cardiac peptide synthesized in a prepro form, which undergoes a series of proteolytic cleavages and amidations to yield the active forms of 47 (IMD(1-47)) and 40 amino acids (IMD(8-47)). There are several lines of evidence of increased IMD expression in rat models of cardiac pathologies, including congestive heart failure and ischaemia; however, its myocardial effects upon cardiac disease remain unexplored. With this in mind, we investigated the direct effects of increasing concentrations of IMD(1-47) (10(-10) to10(-6) m) on contraction and relaxation of left ventricular (LV) papillary muscles from two rat models of chronic pressure overload, one induced by transverse aortic constriction (TAC), the other by nitric oxide (NO) deficiency due to chronic NO synthase inhibition (NG-nitro-l-arginine, l-NAME), and respective controls (Sham and Ctrl). In TAC and l-NAME rats, exogenous administration of IMD(1-47) elicited concentration-dependent positive inotropic and lusitropic effects. By contrast, in Sham and Ctrl rats, IMD(1-47) induced a negative inotropic response without a significant effect on relaxation. Both TAC and l-NAME rats presented LV hypertrophy, elevated LV systolic pressures, preserved systolic function and elevated peroxynitrite levels. In the normal myocardium (Ctrl and Sham), IMD(1-47) induced a 3-fold increase of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) phosphorylation at Ser(1177), indicating enhanced eNOS activity. In TAC and l-NAME rats, eNOS phosphorylation was increased at baseline, and its response to IMD(1-47) was blunted. In addition, the distinct myocardial response to IMD(1-47) was accompanied by distinct subcellular mechanisms. While in Sham rats the addition of IMD(1-47) induced the phosphorylation of cardiac troponin I due to NO/cGMP activation, in TAC rats IMD(1-47) induced phospholamban phosphorylation possibly associated with cAMP/protein kinase A activation. Therefore, we demonstrated for the first time a reversed myocardial response to IMD(1-47) neurohumoral stimulation due to impairment of eNOS activation in TAC and l-NAME rats. These results not only reveal the distinct myocardial effects and subcellular mechanisms for IMD(1-47) in normal and hypertrophic hearts, but also highlight the potential pathophysiological relevance of cardiac endothelial dysfunction in neurohumoral myocardial action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Luísa Pires
- Department of Physiology and Cardiothoracic Surgery, Cardiovascular R&D Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Portugal
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Total beta-adrenoceptor knockout slows conduction and reduces inducible arrhythmias in the mouse heart. PLoS One 2012; 7:e49203. [PMID: 23133676 PMCID: PMC3486811 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0049203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2012] [Accepted: 10/05/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Beta-adrenoceptors (β-AR) play an important role in the neurohumoral regulation of cardiac function. Three β-AR subtypes (β(1), β(2), β(3)) have been described so far. Total deficiency of these adrenoceptors (TKO) results in cardiac hypotrophy and negative inotropy. TKO represents a unique mouse model mimicking total unselective medical β-blocker therapy in men. Electrophysiological characteristics of TKO have not yet been investigated in an animal model. METHODS In vivo electrophysiological studies using right heart catheterisation were performed in 10 TKO mice and 10 129SV wild type control mice (WT) at the age of 15 weeks. Standard surface ECG, intracardiac and electrophysiological parameters, and arrhythmia inducibility were analyzed. RESULTS The surface ECG of TKO mice revealed a reduced heart rate (359.2±20.9 bpm vs. 461.1±33.3 bpm; p<0.001), prolonged P wave (17.5±3.0 ms vs. 15.1±1.2 ms; p = 0.019) and PQ time (40.8±2.4 ms vs. 37.3±3.0 ms; p = 0.013) compared to WT. Intracardiac ECG showed a significantly prolonged infra-Hisian conductance (HV-interval: 12.9±1.4 ms vs. 6.8±1.0 ms; p<0.001). Functional testing showed prolonged atrial and ventricular refractory periods in TKO (40.5±15.5 ms vs. 21.3±5.8 ms; p = 0.004; and 41.0±9.7 ms vs. 28.3±6.6 ms; p = 0.004, respectively). In TKO both the probability of induction of atrial fibrillation (12% vs. 24%; p<0.001) and of ventricular tachycardias (0% vs. 26%; p<0.001) were significantly reduced. CONCLUSION TKO results in significant prolongations of cardiac conduction times and refractory periods. This was accompanied by a highly significant reduction of atrial and ventricular arrhythmias. Our finding confirms the importance of β-AR in arrhythmogenesis and the potential role of unspecific beta-receptor-blockade as therapeutic target.
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Zhang Y, Tocchetti CG, Krieg T, Moens AL. Oxidative and nitrosative stress in the maintenance of myocardial function. Free Radic Biol Med 2012; 53:1531-40. [PMID: 22819981 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2012.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2011] [Revised: 06/12/2012] [Accepted: 07/11/2012] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are generated by several different cellular sources, and their accumulation within the myocardium is widely considered to cause harmful oxidative stress. On the other hand, their role as second messengers has gradually emerged. The equilibrium of the nitroso/redox balance between reactive nitrogen species and ROS is crucial for the health of cardiomyocytes. This review provides a comprehensive overview of sources of oxidative stress in cardiac myocytes and describes the role of the nitroso/redox balance in cardiac pathophysiology. Although the exact mechanism of ROS production by nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidases (Nox's) is not completely understood, Nox2 and Nox4 have particularly important roles within the myocardium. Increasing evidence suggests that Nox2 produces superoxide and Nox4 generates only hydrogen peroxide. We also discuss the key role of nitric oxide synthases (NOSs) in the maintenance of the nitroso/redox balance: uncoupled endothelial NOS has been suggested to shift from nitric oxide to ROS production, contributing to increased oxidative stress within the myocardium. Furthermore, we highlight the importance of sequentially targeting and/or regulating the specific sources of oxidative and nitrosative stress to prevent and/or reverse myocardial dysfunction. Inhibition of NADPH oxidase-dependent ROS is considered to be a potential strategy for treatment of cardiomyopathy. Neither in vivo nor clinical data are available for NADPH oxidase inhibitors. Specifically targeting the mitochondria with the antioxidant MitoQ would be a very promising translation approach, because it could prevent mitochondrial permeability transition pore opening when ROS are produced during heart reperfusion. Enhancing NO signaling could also be a promising therapeutic approach against myocardial dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yixuan Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Maastricht University Medical Center, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, 6202 AZ Maastricht, The Netherlands
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Niu X, Watts VL, Cingolani OH, Sivakumaran V, Leyton-Mange JS, Ellis CL, Miller KL, Vandegaer K, Bedja D, Gabrielson KL, Paolocci N, Kass DA, Barouch LA. Cardioprotective effect of beta-3 adrenergic receptor agonism: role of neuronal nitric oxide synthase. J Am Coll Cardiol 2012; 59:1979-87. [PMID: 22624839 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2011.12.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2011] [Revised: 11/07/2011] [Accepted: 12/01/2011] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to determine whether activation of β3-adrenergic receptor (AR) and downstream signaling of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) isoforms protects the heart from failure and hypertrophy induced by pressure overload. BACKGROUND β3-AR and its downstream signaling pathways are recognized as novel modulators of heart function. Unlike β1- and β2-ARs, β3-ARs are stimulated at high catecholamine concentrations and induce negative inotropic effects, serving as a "brake" to protect the heart from catecholamine overstimulation. METHODS C57BL/6J and neuronal NOS (nNOS) knockout mice were assigned to receive transverse aortic constriction (TAC), BRL37344 (β3 agonist, BRL 0.1 mg/kg/h), or both. RESULTS Three weeks of BRL treatment in wild-type mice attenuated left ventricular dilation and systolic dysfunction, and partially reduced cardiac hypertrophy induced by TAC. This effect was associated with increased nitric oxide production and superoxide suppression. TAC decreased endothelial NOS (eNOS) dimerization, indicating eNOS uncoupling, which was not reversed by BRL treatment. However, nNOS protein expression was up-regulated 2-fold by BRL, and the suppressive effect of BRL on superoxide generation was abrogated by acute nNOS inhibition. Furthermore, BRL cardioprotective effects were actually detrimental in nNOS(-/-) mice. CONCLUSIONS These results are the first to show in vivo cardioprotective effects of β3-AR-specific agonism in pressure overload hypertrophy and heart failure, and support nNOS as the primary downstream NOS isoform in maintaining NO and reactive oxygen species balance in the failing heart.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolin Niu
- Department of Cardiology, Tangdu Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xinsi Road, Xi'an, China. [corrected]
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Octavia Y, Tocchetti CG, Gabrielson KL, Janssens S, Crijns HJ, Moens AL. Doxorubicin-induced cardiomyopathy: From molecular mechanisms to therapeutic strategies. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2012; 52:1213-25. [DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2012.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 779] [Impact Index Per Article: 64.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2011] [Revised: 02/15/2012] [Accepted: 03/13/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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