1
|
Saunders MN, Rad LM, Williams LA, Landers JJ, Urie RR, Hocevar SE, Quiros M, Chiang MY, Angadi AR, Janczak KW, Bealer EJ, Crumley K, Benson OE, Griffin KV, Ross BC, Parkos CA, Nusrat A, Miller SD, Podojil JR, O'Konek JJ, Shea LD. Allergen-Encapsulating Nanoparticles Reprogram Pathogenic Allergen-Specific Th2 Cells to Suppress Food Allergy. Adv Healthc Mater 2024:e2400237. [PMID: 38691819 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202400237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2024] [Revised: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024]
Abstract
Food allergy is a prevalent, potentially deadly disease caused by inadvertent sensitization to benign food antigens. Pathogenic Th2 cells are a major driver for disease, and allergen-specific immunotherapies (AIT) aim to increase the allergen threshold required to elicit severe allergic symptoms. However, the majority of AIT approaches require lengthy treatments and convey transient disease suppression, likely due to insufficient targeting of pathogenic Th2 responses. Here, the ability of allergen-encapsulating nanoparticles to directly suppress pathogenic Th2 responses and reactivity is investigated in a mouse model of food allergy. NPs associate with pro-tolerogenic antigen presenting cells, provoking accumulation of antigen-specific, functionally suppressive regulatory T cells in the small intestine lamina propria. Two intravenous doses of allergen encapsulated in poly(lactide-co-glycolide) nanoparticles (NPs) significantly reduces oral food challenge (OFC)-induced anaphylaxis. Importantly, NP treatment alters the fates of pathogenic allergen-specific Th2 cells, reprogramming these cells toward CD25+FoxP3+ regulatory and CD73+FR4+ anergic phenotypes. NP-mediated reductions in the frequency of effector cells in the gut and mast cell degranulation following OFC are also demonstrated. These studies reveal mechanisms by which an allergen-encapsulating NP therapy and, more broadly, allergen-specific immunotherapies, can rapidly attenuate allergic responses by targeting pathogenic Th2 cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael N Saunders
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Laila M Rad
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Laura A Williams
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Jeffrey J Landers
- Mary H. Weiser Food Allergy Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Russell R Urie
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Sarah E Hocevar
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Miguel Quiros
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Ming-Yi Chiang
- Department of Microbiology-Immunology, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - Amogh R Angadi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Katarzyna W Janczak
- Mary H. Weiser Food Allergy Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Elizabeth J Bealer
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Kelly Crumley
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Olivia E Benson
- Mary H. Weiser Food Allergy Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Kate V Griffin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Brian C Ross
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Charles A Parkos
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Asma Nusrat
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Stephen D Miller
- Department of Microbiology-Immunology, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
- Center for Human Immunobiology, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
- Interdepartmental Immunobiology Center, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - Joseph R Podojil
- Department of Microbiology-Immunology, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
- Center for Human Immunobiology, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
- Cour Pharmaceuticals Development Company, Northbrook, IL, 60077, USA
| | - Jessica J O'Konek
- Mary H. Weiser Food Allergy Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Lonnie D Shea
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Wu J, Wang X, Wang Y, Xun Z, Li S. Application of PLGA in Tumor Immunotherapy. Polymers (Basel) 2024; 16:1253. [PMID: 38732722 PMCID: PMC11085488 DOI: 10.3390/polym16091253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2024] [Revised: 04/24/2024] [Accepted: 04/28/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Biodegradable polymers have been extensively researched in the field of biomedicine. Polylactic-co-glycolic acid (PLGA), a biodegradable polymer material, has been widely used in drug delivery systems and has shown great potential in various medical fields, including vaccines, tissue engineering such as bone regeneration and wound healing, and 3D printing. Cancer, a group of diseases with high mortality rates worldwide, has recently garnered significant attention in the field of immune therapy research. In recent years, there has been growing interest in the delivery function of PLGA in tumor immunotherapy. In tumor immunotherapy, PLGA can serve as a carrier to load antigens on its surface, thereby enhancing the immune system's ability to attack tumor cells. Additionally, PLGA can be used to formulate tumor vaccines and immunoadjuvants, thereby enhancing the efficacy of tumor immunotherapy. PLGA nanoparticles (NPs) can also enhance the effectiveness of tumor immunotherapy by regulating the activity and differentiation of immune cells, and by improving the expression and presentation of tumor antigens. Furthermore, due to the diverse physical properties and surface modifications of PLGA, it has a wider range of potential applications in tumor immunotherapy through the loading of various types of drugs or other innovative substances. We aim to highlight the recent advances and challenges of plga in the field of oncology therapy to stimulate further research and development of innovative PLGA-based approaches, and more effective and personalized cancer therapies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiashuai Wu
- Innovation Institute, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China; (J.W.); (X.W.)
| | - Xiaopeng Wang
- Innovation Institute, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China; (J.W.); (X.W.)
| | - Yunduan Wang
- School of Intelligent Medicine, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China;
| | - Zhe Xun
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Obesity and Glucose/Lipid Associated Metabolic Diseases, Health Science Institute, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China
| | - Shuo Li
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, School of Life Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Shkodina AD, Bardhan M, Chopra H, Anyagwa OE, Pinchuk VA, Hryn KV, Kryvchun AM, Boiko DI, Suresh V, Verma A, Delva MY. Pharmacological and Non-pharmacological Approaches for the Management of Neuropathic Pain in Multiple Sclerosis. CNS Drugs 2024; 38:205-224. [PMID: 38421578 DOI: 10.1007/s40263-024-01072-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis is a chronic inflammatory disease that affects the central nervous system and can cause various types of pain including ongoing extremity pain, Lhermitte's phenomenon, trigeminal neuralgia, and mixed pain. Neuropathic pain is a major concern for individuals with multiple sclerosis as it is directly linked to myelin damage in the central nervous system and the management of neuropathic pain in multiple sclerosis is challenging as the options available have limited efficacy and can cause unpleasant side effects. The literature search was conducted across two databases, PubMed, and Google Scholar. Eligible studies included clinical trials, observational studies, meta-analyses, systematic reviews, and narrative reviews. The objective of this article is to provide an overview of literature on pharmacological and non-pharmacological strategies employed in the management of neuropathic pain in multiple sclerosis. Pharmacological options include cannabinoids, muscle relaxants (tizanidine, baclofen, dantrolene), anticonvulsants (benzodiazepines, gabapentin, phenytoin, carbamazepine, lamotrigine), antidepressants (duloxetine, venlafaxine, tricyclic antidepressants), opioids (naltrexone), and botulinum toxin variants, which have evidence from various clinical trials. Non-pharmacological approaches for trigeminal neuralgia may include neurosurgical methods. Non-invasive methods, physical therapy, and psychotherapy (cognitive behavioral therapy, acceptance and commitment therapy and mindfulness-based stress reduction) may be recommended for patients with neuropathic pain in multiple sclerosis. The choice of treatment depends on the severity and type of pain as well as other factors, such as patient preferences and comorbidities. There is a pressing need for healthcare professionals and researchers to prioritize the development of better strategies for managing multiple sclerosis-induced neuropathic pain.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anastasiia D Shkodina
- Department of Neurological diseases, Poltava State Medical University, Poltava, Ukraine
| | - Mainak Bardhan
- Neuro Medical Oncology, Miami Cancer Institute, Baptist Health South Florida, 8900 N. Kendall Drive, Miami, FL, 33176, USA.
| | - Hitesh Chopra
- Department of Biosciences, Saveetha School of Engineering, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai, 602105, Tamil Nadu, India
| | | | - Viktoriia A Pinchuk
- Department of Neurological diseases, Poltava State Medical University, Poltava, Ukraine
| | - Kateryna V Hryn
- Department of Neurological diseases, Poltava State Medical University, Poltava, Ukraine
| | - Anzhelina M Kryvchun
- Department of Neurological diseases, Poltava State Medical University, Poltava, Ukraine
| | - Dmytro I Boiko
- Department of Psychiatry, Narcology and Medical Psychology, Poltava State Medical University, Poltava, Ukraine
| | - Vinay Suresh
- King George's Medical University, Lucknow, India
| | - Amogh Verma
- Rama Medical College Hospital and Research Centre, Hapur, India
| | - Mykhailo Yu Delva
- Department of Neurological diseases, Poltava State Medical University, Poltava, Ukraine
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Liu Q, Chen G, Liu X, Tao L, Fan Y, Xia T. Tolerogenic Nano-/Microparticle Vaccines for Immunotherapy. ACS NANO 2024. [PMID: 38323542 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c11647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2024]
Abstract
Autoimmune diseases, allergies, transplant rejections, generation of antidrug antibodies, and chronic inflammatory diseases have impacted a large group of people across the globe. Conventional treatments and therapies often use systemic or broad immunosuppression with serious efficacy and safety issues. Tolerogenic vaccines represent a concept that has been extended from their traditional immune-modulating function to induction of antigen-specific tolerance through the generation of regulatory T cells. Without impairing immune homeostasis, tolerogenic vaccines dampen inflammation and induce tolerogenic regulation. However, achieving the desired potency of tolerogenic vaccines as preventive and therapeutic modalities calls for precise manipulation of the immune microenvironment and control over the tolerogenic responses against the autoantigens, allergens, and/or alloantigens. Engineered nano-/microparticles possess desirable design features that can bolster targeted immune regulation and enhance the induction of antigen-specific tolerance. Thus, particle-based tolerogenic vaccines hold great promise in clinical translation for future treatment of aforementioned immune disorders. In this review, we highlight the main strategies to employ particles as exciting tolerogenic vaccines, with a focus on the particles' role in facilitating the induction of antigen-specific tolerance. We describe the particle design features that facilitate their usage and discuss the challenges and opportunities for designing next-generation particle-based tolerogenic vaccines with robust efficacy to promote antigen-specific tolerance for immunotherapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qi Liu
- School of Engineering Medicine, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Guoqiang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Biopharmaceutical Preparation and Delivery, Institute of Process Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Xingchi Liu
- School of Engineering Medicine, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Lu Tao
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Biopharmaceutical Preparation and Delivery, Institute of Process Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Yubo Fan
- School of Engineering Medicine, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Tian Xia
- California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
- Division of NanoMedicine, Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Truong N, Cottingham AL, Dharmaraj S, Shaw JR, Lasola JJM, Goodis CC, Fletcher S, Pearson RM. Multimodal nanoparticle-containing modified suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid polymer conjugates to mitigate immune dysfunction in severe inflammation. Bioeng Transl Med 2024; 9:e10611. [PMID: 38193117 PMCID: PMC10771562 DOI: 10.1002/btm2.10611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Revised: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/01/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Excessive immune activation and immunosuppression are opposing factors that contribute to the dysregulated innate and adaptive immune responses seen in severe inflammation and sepsis. Here, a novel analog of the histone deacetylase inhibitor (HDACi), suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid (SAHA-OH), was incorporated into immunomodulatory poly(lactic acid)-based nanoparticles (iNP-SAHA) by employing a prodrug approach through the covalent modification of poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) with SAHA-OH. iNP-SAHA formulation allowed for controlled incorporation and delivery of SAHA-OH from iNP-SAHA and treatment led to multimodal biological responses including significant reductions in proinflammatory cytokine secretions and gene expression, while increasing the survival of primary macrophages under lipopolysaccharide (LPS) challenge. Using a lethal LPS-induced endotoxemia mouse model of sepsis, iNP-SAHA administration improved the survival of mice in a dose-dependent manner and tended to improve survival at the lowest doses compared to iNP control. Further, iNP-SAHA reduced the levels of plasma proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines associated with sepsis more significantly than iNP and similarly improved inflammation-induced spleen and liver toxicity as iNP, supporting its potential polypharmacological activity. Collectively, iNP-SAHA offers a potential drug delivery approach to modulate the multifaceted inflammatory responses observed in diseases such as sepsis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nhu Truong
- Department of Pharmaceutical SciencesUniversity of Maryland School of PharmacyBaltimoreMarylandUSA
| | - Andrea L. Cottingham
- Department of Pharmaceutical SciencesUniversity of Maryland School of PharmacyBaltimoreMarylandUSA
| | - Shruti Dharmaraj
- Department of Pharmaceutical SciencesUniversity of Maryland School of PharmacyBaltimoreMarylandUSA
| | - Jacob R. Shaw
- Department of Microbiology and ImmunologyUniversity of Maryland School of MedicineBaltimoreMarylandUSA
| | | | - Christopher C. Goodis
- Department of Pharmaceutical SciencesUniversity of Maryland School of PharmacyBaltimoreMarylandUSA
| | - Steven Fletcher
- Department of Pharmaceutical SciencesUniversity of Maryland School of PharmacyBaltimoreMarylandUSA
| | - Ryan M. Pearson
- Department of Pharmaceutical SciencesUniversity of Maryland School of PharmacyBaltimoreMarylandUSA
- Department of Microbiology and ImmunologyUniversity of Maryland School of MedicineBaltimoreMarylandUSA
- Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer CenterUniversity of Maryland School of MedicineBaltimoreMarylandUSA
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Scotland BL, Shaw JR, Dharmaraj S, Caprio N, Cottingham AL, Joy Martín Lasola J, Sung JJ, Pearson RM. Cell and biomaterial delivery strategies to induce immune tolerance. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2023; 203:115141. [PMID: 37980950 PMCID: PMC10842132 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2023.115141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Revised: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/21/2023]
Abstract
The prevalence of immune-mediated disorders, including autoimmune conditions and allergies, is steadily increasing. However, current therapeutic approaches are often non-specific and do not address the underlying pathogenic condition, often resulting in impaired immunity and a state of generalized immunosuppression. The emergence of technologies capable of selectively inhibiting aberrant immune activation in a targeted, antigen (Ag)-specific manner by exploiting the body's intrinsic tolerance pathways, all without inducing adverse side effects, holds significant promise to enhance patient outcomes. In this review, we will describe the body's natural mechanisms of central and peripheral tolerance as well as innovative delivery strategies using cells and biomaterials targeting innate and adaptive immune cells to promote Ag-specific immune tolerance. Additionally, we will discuss the challenges and future opportunities that warrant consideration as we navigate the path toward clinical implementation of tolerogenic strategies to treat immune-mediated diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Brianna L Scotland
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Maryland School of Pharmacy, 20 N. Pine Street, Baltimore, MD 21201, United States
| | - Jacob R Shaw
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 685 W. Baltimore Street, Baltimore, MD 21201, United States
| | - Shruti Dharmaraj
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Maryland School of Pharmacy, 20 N. Pine Street, Baltimore, MD 21201, United States
| | - Nicholas Caprio
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Maryland School of Pharmacy, 20 N. Pine Street, Baltimore, MD 21201, United States
| | - Andrea L Cottingham
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Maryland School of Pharmacy, 20 N. Pine Street, Baltimore, MD 21201, United States
| | - Jackline Joy Martín Lasola
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 685 W. Baltimore Street, Baltimore, MD 21201, United States
| | - Junsik J Sung
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Maryland School of Pharmacy, 20 N. Pine Street, Baltimore, MD 21201, United States
| | - Ryan M Pearson
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Maryland School of Pharmacy, 20 N. Pine Street, Baltimore, MD 21201, United States; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 685 W. Baltimore Street, Baltimore, MD 21201, United States; Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 22 S. Greene Street, Baltimore, MD 21201, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Nguyen NH, Jarvi NL, Balu-Iyer SV. Immunogenicity of Therapeutic Biological Modalities - Lessons from Hemophilia A Therapies. J Pharm Sci 2023; 112:2347-2370. [PMID: 37220828 DOI: 10.1016/j.xphs.2023.05.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Revised: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
The introduction and development of biologics such as therapeutic proteins, gene-, and cell-based therapy have revolutionized the scope of treatment for many diseases. However, a significant portion of the patients develop unwanted immune reactions against these novel biological modalities, referred to as immunogenicity, and no longer benefit from the treatments. In the current review, using Hemophilia A (HA) therapy as an example, we will discuss the immunogenicity issue of multiple biological modalities. Currently, the number of therapeutic modalities that are approved or recently explored to treat HA, a hereditary bleeding disorder, is increasing rapidly. These include, but are not limited to, recombinant factor VIII proteins, PEGylated FVIII, FVIII Fc fusion protein, bispecific monoclonal antibodies, gene replacement therapy, gene editing therapy, and cell-based therapy. They offer the patients a broader range of more advanced and effective treatment options, yet immunogenicity remains the most critical complication in the management of this disorder. Recent advances in strategies to manage and mitigate immunogenicity will also be reviewed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nhan H Nguyen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA; Currently at Truvai Biosciences, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Nicole L Jarvi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Sathy V Balu-Iyer
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Zhang MH, Scotland BL, Jiao Y, Slaby EM, Truong N, Cottingham AL, Stephanie G, Szeto GL, Pearson RM. Lipid-Polymer Hybrid Nanoparticles Utilize B Cells and Dendritic Cells to Elicit Distinct Antigen-Specific CD4 + and CD8 + T Cell Responses. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2023:10.1021/acsabm.3c00229. [PMID: 37219857 PMCID: PMC10665545 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.3c00229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Antigen-presenting cells (APCs) are widely studied for treating immune-mediated diseases, and dendritic cells (DCs) are potent APCs that uptake and present antigens (Ags). However, DCs face several challenges that hinder their clinical translation due to their inability to control Ag dosing and low abundance in peripheral blood. B cells are a potential alternative to DCs, but their poor nonspecific Ag uptake capabilities compromise controllable priming of T cells. Here, we developed phospholipid-conjugated Ags (L-Ags) and lipid-polymer hybrid nanoparticles (L/P-Ag NPs) as delivery platforms to expand the range of accessible APCs for use in T cell priming. These delivery platforms were evaluated using DCs, CD40-activated B cells, and resting B cells to understand the impacts of various Ag delivery mechanisms for generation of Ag-specific T cell responses. L-Ag delivery (termed depoting) of MHC class I- and II-restricted Ags successfully loaded all APC types in a tunable manner and primed both Ag-specific CD8+ and CD4+ T cells, respectively. Incorporating L-Ags and polymer-conjugated Ags (P-Ag) into NPs can direct Ags to different uptake pathways to engineer the dynamics of presentation and shape T cell responses. DCs were capable of processing and presenting Ag delivered from both L- and P-Ag NPs, yet B cells could only utilize Ag delivered from L-Ag NPs, which led to differential cytokine secretion profiles in coculture studies. Altogether, we show that L-Ags and P-Ags can be rationally paired within a single NP to leverage distinct delivery mechanisms to access multiple Ag processing pathways in two APC types, offering a modular delivery platform for engineering Ag-specific immunotherapies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael H. Zhang
- Department of Chemical, Biochemical, and Environmental Engineering, University of Maryland Baltimore County, Baltimore, MD 21250
- Co-first authors
| | - Brianna L. Scotland
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Maryland School of Pharmacy, Baltimore, MD 21201
- Co-first authors
| | - Yun Jiao
- Department of Chemical, Biochemical, and Environmental Engineering, University of Maryland Baltimore County, Baltimore, MD 21250
| | - Emily M. Slaby
- Department of Chemical, Biochemical, and Environmental Engineering, University of Maryland Baltimore County, Baltimore, MD 21250
| | - Nhu Truong
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Maryland School of Pharmacy, Baltimore, MD 21201
| | - Andrea L. Cottingham
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Maryland School of Pharmacy, Baltimore, MD 21201
| | - Georgina Stephanie
- Department of Chemical, Biochemical, and Environmental Engineering, University of Maryland Baltimore County, Baltimore, MD 21250
| | - Gregory L. Szeto
- Department of Chemical, Biochemical, and Environmental Engineering, University of Maryland Baltimore County, Baltimore, MD 21250
- Allen Institute for Immunology, Seattle, WA 98109
| | - Ryan M. Pearson
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Maryland School of Pharmacy, Baltimore, MD 21201
- University of Maryland Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, MD 21201
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Moustakas AK, Nguyen H, James EA, Papadopoulos GK. Autoimmune susceptible HLA class II motifs facilitate the presentation of modified neoepitopes to potentially autoreactive T cells. Cell Immunol 2023; 390:104729. [PMID: 37301094 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellimm.2023.104729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA), multiple sclerosis (MS), type 1 diabetes (T1D), and celiac disease (CD), are strongly associated with susceptible HLA class II haplotypes. The peptide-binding pockets of these molecules are polymorphic, thus each HLA class II protein presents a distinct set of peptides to CD4+ T cells. Peptide diversity is increased through post-translational modifications, generating non-templated sequences that enhance HLA binding and/or T cell recognition. The high-risk HLA-DR alleles that confer susceptibility to RA are notable for their ability to accommodate citrulline, promoting responses to citrullinated self-antigens. Likewise, HLA-DQ alleles associated with T1D and CD favor the binding of deamidated peptides. In this review, we discuss structural features that promote modified self-epitope presentation, provide evidence supporting the relevance of T cell recognition of such antigens in disease processes, and make a case that interrupting the pathways that generate such epitopes and reprogramming neoepitope-specific T cells are key strategies for effective therapeutic intervention.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Antonis K Moustakas
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Ionian University, GR26100 Argostoli, Cephalonia, Greece
| | - Hai Nguyen
- Center for Translational Immunology, Benaroya Research Institute at Virginia Mason, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Eddie A James
- Center for Translational Immunology, Benaroya Research Institute at Virginia Mason, Seattle, WA, USA.
| | - George K Papadopoulos
- Laboratory of Biophysics, Biochemistry, Bioprocessing and Bioproducts, Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Technological Educational Institute of Epirus, GR47100 Arta, Greece
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Ackun-Farmmer MA, Jewell CM. Delivery route considerations for designing antigen-specific biomaterial strategies to combat autoimmunity. ADVANCED NANOBIOMED RESEARCH 2023; 3:2200135. [PMID: 36938103 PMCID: PMC10019031 DOI: 10.1002/anbr.202200135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Disease modifying drugs and biologics used to treat autoimmune diseases, although promising, are non-curative. As the field moves towards development of new approaches to treat autoimmune disease, antigen-specific therapies immunotherapies (ASITs) have emerged. Despite clinical approval of ASITs for allergies, clinical trials using soluble ASITs for autoimmunity have been largely unsuccessful. A major effort to address this shortcoming is the use of biomaterials to harness the features unique to specific delivery routes. This review focuses on biomaterials being developed for delivery route-specific strategies to induce antigen-specific responses in autoimmune diseases such as multiple sclerosis, type 1 diabetes, rheumatoid arthritis, and celiac disease. We first discuss the delivery strategies used in ongoing and completed clinical trials in autoimmune ASITs. Next, we highlight pre-clinical biomaterial approaches from the most recent 3 years in the context of these same delivery route considerations. Lastly, we provide discussion on the gaps remaining in biomaterials development and comment on the need to consider delivery routes in the process of designing biomaterials for ASITs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marian A Ackun-Farmmer
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, 20742, USA
| | - Christopher M Jewell
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, 20742, USA
- US Department of Veterans Affairs, VA Maryland Health Care System, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
- Robert E. Fischell Institute for Biomedical Devices, College Park, MD, 20742, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Maryland Medical School, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
- Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Cancer Center, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Li F, Li F, Urie R, Bealer E, Ruiz RO, Saito E, Turan A, Yolcu E, Shirwan H, Shea LD. Membrane-coated nanoparticles for direct recognition by T cells. Biotechnol Bioeng 2023; 120:767-777. [PMID: 36515455 DOI: 10.1002/bit.28304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Revised: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The direct modulation of T cell responses is an emerging therapeutic strategy with the potential to modulate undesired immune responses including, autoimmune disease, and allogeneic cells transplantation. We have previously demonstrated that poly(lactide-co-glycolide) particles were able to modulate T cell responses indirectly through antigen-presenting cells (APCs). In this report, we investigated the design of nanoparticles that can directly interact and modulate T cells by coating the membranes from APCs onto nanoparticles to form membrane-coated nanoparticles (MCNPs). Proteins within the membranes of the APCs, such as Major Histocompatibility Complex class II and co-stimulatory factors, were effectively transferred to the MCNP. Using alloreactive T cell models, MCNP derived from allogeneic dendritic cells were able to stimulate proliferation, which was not observed with membranes from syngeneic dendritic cells and influenced cytokine secretion. Furthermore, we investigated the engineering of the membranes either on the dendritic cells or postfabrication of MCNP. Engineered membranes could be to promote antigen-specific responses, to differentially activate T cells, or to directly induce apoptosis. Collectively, MCNPs represent a tunable platform that can directly interact with and modulate T cell responses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Feiran Li
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Fanghua Li
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Russell Urie
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Elizabeth Bealer
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Ramon Ocadiz Ruiz
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Eiji Saito
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Ali Turan
- Department of Child Health and Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, USA
| | - Esma Yolcu
- Department of Child Health and Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, USA
| | - Haval Shirwan
- Department of Child Health and Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, USA
| | - Lonnie D Shea
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Carey ST, Bridgeman C, Jewell CM. Biomaterial Strategies for Selective Immune Tolerance: Advances and Gaps. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2023; 10:e2205105. [PMID: 36638260 PMCID: PMC10015875 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202205105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2022] [Revised: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Autoimmunity and allergies affect a large number of people across the globe. Current approaches to these diseases target cell types and pathways that drive disease, but these approaches are not cures and cannot differentiate between healthy cells and disease-causing cells. New immunotherapies that induce potent and selective antigen-specific tolerance is a transformative goal of emerging treatments for autoimmunity and serious allergies. These approaches offer the potential of halting-or even reversing-disease, without immunosuppressive side effects. However, translating successful induction of tolerance to patients is unsuccessful. Biomaterials offer strategies to direct and maximize immunological mechanisms of tolerance through unique capabilities such as codelivery of small molecules or signaling molecules, controlling signal density in key immune tissues, and targeting. While a growing body of work in this area demonstrates success in preclinical animal models, these therapies are only recently being evaluated in human trials. This review will highlight the most recent advances in the use of materials to achieve antigen-specific tolerance and provide commentary on the current state of the clinical development of these technologies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sean T. Carey
- University of Maryland Fischell Department of BioengineeringUniversity of MarylandCollege ParkMD20742USA
| | - Christopher Bridgeman
- University of Maryland Fischell Department of BioengineeringUniversity of MarylandCollege ParkMD20742USA
| | - Christopher M. Jewell
- University of Maryland Fischell Department of BioengineeringUniversity of MarylandCollege ParkMD20742USA
- US Department of Veterans AffairsVA Maryland Health Care SystemBaltimoreMD21201USA
- Robert E. Fischell Institute for Biomedical DevicesCollege ParkMD20742USA
- Department of Microbiology and ImmunologyUniversity of Maryland Medical SchoolBaltimoreMD21201USA
- Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Cancer CenterBaltimoreMD21201USA
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Yu X, Mai Y, Wei Y, Yu N, Gao T, Yang J. Therapeutic potential of tolerance-based peptide vaccines in autoimmune diseases. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 116:109740. [PMID: 36696858 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.109740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2022] [Revised: 01/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Autoimmune diseases are caused by the dysfunction of the body's immune regulatory system, which leads to the recognition of self-antigens and the destruction of self-tissues and is mediated by immune cells such as T and B cells, and affects 5-10% of the population worldwide. Current treatments such as non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and glucocorticoids can only relieve symptoms of the disease and are accompanied by serious side effects that affect patient quality of life. The recent rise in antigen-specific therapies, especially vaccines carrying autoantigenic peptides, promises to change this disadvantage, where research has increased dramatically in the last decade. This therapy established specific immune tolerance by delivering peptide fragments containing disease-specific self-antigen epitopes to suppress excessive immune responses, thereby exerting a therapeutic effect, with high safety and specificity. This article presents the latest progress on the treatment of autoimmune diseases with autoantigen peptide vaccines. It includes the construction of peptide vaccine delivery system, the mechanism of inducing immune tolerance and its application.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xueting Yu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia, China
| | - Yaping Mai
- School of Science and Technology Centers, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia, China
| | - Yaya Wei
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia, China
| | - Na Yu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Preparation, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia, China
| | - Ting Gao
- Department of Pharmaceutical Preparation, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia, China.
| | - Jianhong Yang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia, China.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Casey LM, Decker JT, Podojil JR, Rad L, Hughes KR, Rose JA, Pearson RM, Miller SD, Shea LD. Nanoparticle dose and antigen loading attenuate antigen-specific T-cell responses. Biotechnol Bioeng 2023; 120:284-296. [PMID: 36221192 PMCID: PMC9999438 DOI: 10.1002/bit.28252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Revised: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 10/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Immune-mediated hypersensitivities such as autoimmunity, allergy, and allogeneic graft rejection are treated with therapeutics that suppress the immune system, and the lack of specificity is associated with significant side effects. The delivery of disease-relevant antigens (Ags) by carrier systems such as poly(lactide-co-glycolide) nanoparticles (PLG-Ag) and carbodiimide (ECDI)-fixed splenocytes (SP-Ag) has demonstrated Ag-specific tolerance induction in model systems of these diseases. Despite therapeutic outcomes by both platforms, tolerance is conferred with different efficacy. This investigation evaluated Ag loading and total particle dose of PLG-Ag on Ag presentation in a coculture system of dendritic cells (DCs) and Ag-restricted T cells, with SP-Ag employed as a control. CD25 expression was observed in nearly all T cells even at low concentrations of PLG-Ag, indicating efficient presentation of Ag by dendritic cells. However, the secretion of IL-2, Th1, and Th2 cytokines (IFNγ and IL-4, respectively) varied depending on PLG-Ag concentration and Ag loading. Concentration escalation of soluble Ag resulted in an increase in IL-2 and IFNγ and a decrease in IL-4. Treatment with PLG-Ag followed a similar trend but with lower levels of IL-2 and IFNγ secreted. Transcriptional Activity CEll ARrays (TRACER) were employed to measure the real-time transcription factor (TF) activity in Ag-presenting DCs. The kinetics and magnitude of TF activity was dependent on the Ag delivery method, concentration, and Ag loading. Ag positively regulated IRF1 activity and, as carriers, NPs and ECDI-treated SP negatively regulated this signaling. The effect of Ag loading and dose on tolerance induction were corroborated in vivo using the delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) and experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) mouse models where a threshold of 8 μg/mg Ag loading and 0.5 mg PLG-Ag dose were required for tolerance. Together, the effect of Ag loading and dosing on in vitro and in vivo immune regulation provide useful insights for translating Ag-carrier systems for the clinical treatment of immune disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liam M. Casey
- Department of Chemical EngineeringUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborMichiganUSA
| | - Joseph T. Decker
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborMichiganUSA
| | - Joseph R. Podojil
- Department of Microbiology‐Immunology, Feinberg School of MedicineNorthwestern UniversityChicagollinoisUSA
| | - Laila Rad
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborMichiganUSA
| | - Kevin R. Hughes
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborMichiganUSA
| | - Justin A. Rose
- Department of Chemical EngineeringUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborMichiganUSA
| | - Ryan M. Pearson
- Department of Pharmaceutical SciencesUniversity of Maryland School of PharmacyBaltimoreMarylandUSA
| | - Stephen D. Miller
- Department of Microbiology‐Immunology, Feinberg School of MedicineNorthwestern UniversityChicagollinoisUSA
- Department of Microbiology‐Immunology and the Interdepartmental Immunobiology Center, Feinberg School of MedicineNorthwestern UniversityChicagoIllinoisUSA
| | - Lonnie D. Shea
- Department of Chemical EngineeringUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborMichiganUSA
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborMichiganUSA
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Damavandi AR, Mirmosayyeb O, Ebrahimi N, Zalpoor H, khalilian P, Yahiazadeh S, Eskandari N, Rahdar A, Kumar PS, Pandey S. Advances in nanotechnology versus stem cell therapy for the theranostics of multiple sclerosis disease. APPLIED NANOSCIENCE 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s13204-022-02698-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
|
16
|
Raghani RM, Ma JA, Zhang Y, Orbach SM, Wang J, Zeinali M, Nagrath S, Kakade S, Xu Q, Podojil JR, Murthy T, Elhofy A, Jeruss JS, Shea LD. Myeloid cell reprogramming alleviates immunosuppression and promotes clearance of metastatic lesions. Front Oncol 2022; 12:1039993. [PMID: 36479083 PMCID: PMC9720131 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.1039993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Suppressive myeloid cells, including monocyte and neutrophil populations, play a vital role in the metastatic cascade and can inhibit the anti-tumor function of cytotoxic T-cells. Cargo-free polymeric nanoparticles (NPs) have been shown to modulate innate immune cell responses in multiple pathologies of aberrant inflammation. Here, we test the hypothesis that the intravenous administration of drug-free NPs in the 4T1 murine model of metastatic triple-negative breast cancer can reduce metastatic colonization of the lungs, the primary metastatic site, by targeting the pro-tumor immune cell mediators of metastatic progression. In vivo studies demonstrated that NP administration reprograms the immune milieu of the lungs and reduces pulmonary metastases. Single-cell RNA sequencing of the lungs revealed that intravenous NP administration alters myeloid cell phenotype and function, skewing populations toward inflammatory, anti-tumor phenotypes and away from pro-tumor phenotypes. Monocytes, neutrophils, and dendritic cells in the lungs of NP-treated mice upregulate gene pathways associated with IFN signaling, TNF signaling, and antigen presentation. In a T-cell deficient model, NP administration failed to abrogate pulmonary metastases, implicating the vital role of T-cells in the NP-mediated reduction of metastases. NPs delivered as an adjuvant therapy, following surgical resection of the primary tumor, led to clearance of established pulmonary metastases in all treated mice. Collectively, these results demonstrate that the in vivo administration of cargo-free NPs reprograms myeloid cell responses at the lungs and promotes the clearance of pulmonary metastases in a method of action dependent on functional T-cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ravi M. Raghani
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Jeffrey A. Ma
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Yining Zhang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Sophia M. Orbach
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Mina Zeinali
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Sunitha Nagrath
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Sandeep Kakade
- COUR Pharmaceuticals Development Co, Inc, Northbrook, IL, United States
| | - Qichen Xu
- COUR Pharmaceuticals Development Co, Inc, Northbrook, IL, United States
| | - Joseph R. Podojil
- COUR Pharmaceuticals Development Co, Inc, Northbrook, IL, United States
- Department of Microbiology-Immunology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Tushar Murthy
- COUR Pharmaceuticals Development Co, Inc, Northbrook, IL, United States
| | - Adam Elhofy
- COUR Pharmaceuticals Development Co, Inc, Northbrook, IL, United States
| | - Jacqueline S. Jeruss
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
- Department of Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Lonnie D. Shea
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
- *Correspondence: Lonnie D. Shea,
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Treatment with an antigen-specific dual microparticle system reverses advanced multiple sclerosis in mice. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2022; 119:e2205417119. [PMID: 36256820 PMCID: PMC9618088 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2205417119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Antigen-specific therapies hold promise for treating autoimmune diseases such as multiple sclerosis while avoiding the deleterious side effects of systemic immune suppression due to delivering the disease-specific antigen as part of the treatment. In this study, an antigen-specific dual-sized microparticle (dMP) treatment reversed hind limb paralysis when administered in mice with advanced experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). Treatment reduced central nervous system (CNS) immune cell infiltration, demyelination, and inflammatory cytokine levels. Mechanistic insights using single-cell RNA sequencing showed that treatment impacted the MHC II antigen presentation pathway in dendritic cells, macrophages, B cells, and microglia, not only in the draining lymph nodes but also strikingly in the spinal cord. CD74 and cathepsin S were among the common genes down-regulated in most antigen presenting cell (APC) clusters, with B cells also having numerous MHC II genes reduced. Efficacy of the treatment diminished when B cells were absent, suggesting their impact in this therapy, in concert with other immune populations. Activation and inflammation were reduced in both APCs and T cells. This promising antigen-specific therapeutic approach advantageously engaged essential components of both innate and adaptive autoimmune responses and capably reversed paralysis in advanced EAE without the use of a broad immunosuppressant.
Collapse
|
18
|
Triantafyllakou I, Clemente N, Khetavat RK, Dianzani U, Tselios T. Development of PLGA Nanoparticles with a Glycosylated Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein Epitope (MOG 35-55) against Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis (EAE). Mol Pharm 2022; 19:3795-3805. [PMID: 36098508 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.2c00277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is one of the most common neurodegenerative diseases in young adults, with early clinical symptoms seen in the central nervous system (CNS) myelin sheaths due to an attack caused by the patient's immune system. Activation of the immune system is mediated by the induction of an antigen-specific immune response involving the interaction of multiple T-cell types with antigen-presenting cells (APCs), such as dendritic cells (DCs). Antigen-specific therapeutic approaches focus on immune cells and autoantigens involved in the onset of disease symptoms, which are the main components of myelin proteins. The ability of such therapeutics to bind strongly to DCs could lead to immune system tolerance to the disease. Many modern approaches are based on peptide-based research, as, in recent years, they have been of particular interest in the development of new pharmaceuticals. The characteristics of peptides, such as short lifespan in the body and rapid hydrolysis, can be overcome by their entrapment in nanospheres, providing better pharmacokinetics and bioavailability. The present study describes the development of polymeric nanoparticles with encapsulated myelin peptide analogues involved in the development of MS, along with their biological evaluation as inhibitors of MS development and progression. In particular, particles of poly(lactic-co-glycolic) acid (PLGA) loaded with peptides based on mouse/rat (rMOG) epitope 35-55 of myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) conjugated with saccharide residues were developed. More specifically, the MOG35-55 peptide was conjugated with glucosamine to promote the interaction with mannose receptors (MRs) expressed by DCs. In addition, a study of slow release (dissolution) and quantification on both initially encapsulated peptide and daily release in saline in vitro was performed, followed by an evaluation of in vivo activity of the formulation on mouse experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), an animal model of MS, using both prophylactic and therapeutic protocols. Our results showed that the therapeutic protocol was effective in reducing EAE clinical scores and inflammation of the central nervous system and could be an alternative and promising approach against MS inducing tolerance against the disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Iro Triantafyllakou
- Department of Chemistry, University of Patras, 26504 Rion Patras, Greece.,Department of Health Sciences, University of Piemonte Orientale, 28100 Novara, Italy
| | - Nausicaa Clemente
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Piemonte Orientale, 28100 Novara, Italy
| | - Ravi Kumar Khetavat
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Piemonte Orientale, 28100 Novara, Italy
| | - Umberto Dianzani
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Piemonte Orientale, 28100 Novara, Italy
| | - Theodore Tselios
- Department of Chemistry, University of Patras, 26504 Rion Patras, Greece
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Zhang X, Dong Y, Liu D, Yang L, Xu J, Wang Q. Antigen-specific immunotherapies in type 1 diabetes. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2022; 73:127040. [PMID: 35868165 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2022.127040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Revised: 06/18/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is an autoimmune disease caused by the destruction of pancreatic beta cells, in which immune system disorder plays an important role. Finding a cure for T1DM and restoring beta cell function has been a long-standing goal. Research has shown that immune regulation with pancreatic islet auto-antigens may be the most specific and safe treatment for T1DM. Immunological intervention using diabetogenic auto-antigens as a target can help identify T1DM in high-risk individuals by early screening of autoantibodies (AAbs) before the loss of pancreatic islet function and thus achieve primary prevention of T1DM. However, induction of self-tolerance in patients with pre-diabetes can also slow down the attack of autoimmunity, and achieve secondary prevention. Antigen-based immune therapy opens up new avenues for the prevention and treatment of T1DM. The zinc transporter 8 (ZnT8) protein, presents in the serum of pre-diabetic and diabetic patients, is immunogenic and can cause T1D autoimmune responses. ZnT8 has become a potential target of humoral autoimmunity; it is of great significance for the early diagnosis of T1D. ZnT8-specific CD8+ T cells can be detected in most T1DM patients, and play a key role in the progression of T1D. As an immunotherapy target, it can improve the dysfunction of beta cells in T1DM and provide new ideas for the treatment of T1D. In this review, we summarize research surrounding antigen-specific immunotherapies (ASI) over the past 10 years and the ZnT8 antigen as an autoimmune target to induce self-tolerance for T1DM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xuejiao Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130000, China
| | - Ying Dong
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Jilin Cancer Hospital, Changchun 130000, China
| | - Dianyuan Liu
- Department of Endocrinology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130000, China
| | - Liu Yang
- Department of Endocrinology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130000, China
| | - Jiayi Xu
- School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun 130000, China
| | - Qing Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130000, China.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Benne N, Ter Braake D, Stoppelenburg AJ, Broere F. Nanoparticles for Inducing Antigen-Specific T Cell Tolerance in Autoimmune Diseases. Front Immunol 2022; 13:864403. [PMID: 35392079 PMCID: PMC8981588 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.864403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Autoimmune diseases affect many people worldwide. Current treatment modalities focus on the reduction of disease symptoms using anti-inflammatory drugs which can lead to side effects due to systemic immune suppression. Restoration of immune tolerance by down-regulating auto-reactive cells in an antigen-specific manner is currently the “holy grail” for the treatment of autoimmune diseases. A promising strategy is the use of nanoparticles that can deliver antigens to antigen-presenting cells which in turn can enhance antigen-specific regulatory T cells. In this review, we highlight some promising cell targets (e.g. liver sinusoidal endothelial cells and splenic marginal zone macrophages) for exploiting natural immune tolerance processes, and several strategies by which antigen-carrying nanoparticles can target these cells. We also discuss how nanoparticles carrying immunomodulators may be able to activate tolerance in other antigen-presenting cell types. Finally, we discuss some important aspects that must be taken into account when translating data from animal studies to patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Naomi Benne
- Department of Biomolecular Health Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Daniëlle Ter Braake
- Department of Biomolecular Health Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Arie Jan Stoppelenburg
- Department of Biomolecular Health Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands.,Department of Rheumatology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands.,Department of Clinical Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Femke Broere
- Department of Biomolecular Health Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands.,Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Mechanistic contributions of Kupffer cells and liver sinusoidal endothelial cells in nanoparticle-induced antigen-specific immune tolerance. Biomaterials 2022; 283:121457. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2022.121457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Revised: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
|
22
|
Rahiman N, Mohammadi M, Alavizadeh SH, Arabi L, Badiee A, Jaafari MR. Recent advancements in nanoparticle-mediated approaches for restoration of multiple sclerosis. J Control Release 2022; 343:620-644. [PMID: 35176392 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2022.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2021] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune disease with complicated immunopathology which necessitates considering multifactorial aspects for its management. Nano-sized pharmaceutical carriers named nanoparticles (NPs) can support impressive management of disease not only in early detection and prognosis level but also in a therapeutic manner. The most prominent initiator of MS is the domination of cellular immunity to humoral immunity and increment of inflammatory cytokines. The administration of several platforms of NPs for MS management holds great promise so far. The efforts for MS management through in vitro and in vivo (experimental animal models) evaluations, pave a new way to a highly efficient therapeutic means and aiding its translation to the clinic in the near future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Niloufar Rahiman
- Nanotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Department of Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Marzieh Mohammadi
- Department of pharmaceutics, School of pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Targeted Drug Delivery Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Seyedeh Hoda Alavizadeh
- Nanotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Department of Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Leila Arabi
- Nanotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Department of Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Ali Badiee
- Nanotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Department of Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mahmoud Reza Jaafari
- Nanotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Department of Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Hughes KR, Saunders MN, Landers JJ, Janczak KW, Turkistani H, Rad LM, Miller SD, Podojil JR, Shea LD, O'Konek JJ. Masked Delivery of Allergen in Nanoparticles Safely Attenuates Anaphylactic Response in Murine Models of Peanut Allergy. FRONTIERS IN ALLERGY 2022; 3:829605. [PMID: 35386645 PMCID: PMC8974743 DOI: 10.3389/falgy.2022.829605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 01/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Food allergy is a growing health concern worldwide. Current allergen-specific immunotherapy (AIT) approaches require frequent dosing over extended periods of time and may induce anaphylaxis due to allergen-effector cell interactions. A critical need remains to develop novel approaches that refine AIT for the treatment of food allergies. Previous studies show that poly(lactide-co-glycolide) (PLG) nanoscale particles (NP) effectively suppress Th1- and Th17-driven immune pathologies. However, their ability to suppress the distinct Th2-polarized immune responses driving food allergy are unknown. Herein, we describe the safety and efficacy of NPs containing encapsulated peanut allergen in desensitizing murine models of peanut allergy. Peanut extract encapsulation allowed for the safe intravenous delivery of allergen relative to non-encapsulated approaches. Application of 2–3 doses, without the need for dose escalation, was sufficient to achieve prophylactic and therapeutic efficacy, which correlated with suppression of Th2-mediated disease and reduced mast cell degranulation. Efficacy was associated with strong reductions in a broad panel of Th1, Th2, and Th17 cytokines. These results demonstrate the ability of PLG NPs to suppress allergen-specific immune responses to induce a more tolerogenic phenotype, conferring protection from intragastric allergen challenge. These promising studies represent a step forward in the development of improved immunotherapies for food allergy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kevin R. Hughes
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Michael N. Saunders
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
- Medical Scientist Training Program, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Jeffrey J. Landers
- Mary H. Weiser Food Allergy Center, Michigan Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Katarzyna W. Janczak
- Mary H. Weiser Food Allergy Center, Michigan Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Hamza Turkistani
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Laila M. Rad
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Stephen D. Miller
- Department of Microbiology-Immunology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States
- Department of Dermatology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Joseph R. Podojil
- Department of Microbiology-Immunology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States
- COUR Pharmaceuticals Development Co, Inc., Northbrook, IL, United States
| | - Lonnie D. Shea
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
- Department of Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
- Lonnie D. Shea
| | - Jessica J. O'Konek
- Mary H. Weiser Food Allergy Center, Michigan Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
- *Correspondence: Jessica J. O'Konek
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Wei Q, Su Y, Xin H, Zhang L, Ding J, Chen X. Immunologically Effective Biomaterials. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:56719-56724. [PMID: 34797622 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c14781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Immunoregulation represents a booming field of biomaterial design. The unique physical and chemical properties of biomaterials offer tremendous opportunities for development. Each of their parameters exerts immunogenic effects at the immune system, cellular, and molecular levels. Herein, the perspective summarizes the interaction of biomaterials with immune cells and the underlying mechanisms to control immunoregulation in a top-down manner, providing solid inspiration for biomedical applications of immunologically effective biomaterials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qi Wei
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 5625 Renmin Street, Changchun 130022, P. R. China
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, 126 Xiantai Street, Changchun 130033, P. R. China
| | - Yuanzhen Su
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 5625 Renmin Street, Changchun 130022, P. R. China
- School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, 96 Jinzhai Road, Hefei 230026, P. R. China
| | - Hua Xin
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, 126 Xiantai Street, Changchun 130033, P. R. China
| | - Lening Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, 126 Xiantai Street, Changchun 130033, P. R. China
| | - Jianxun Ding
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 5625 Renmin Street, Changchun 130022, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Fudan University, 220 Handan Road, Shanghai 200433, P. R. China
| | - Xuesi Chen
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 5625 Renmin Street, Changchun 130022, P. R. China
- School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, 96 Jinzhai Road, Hefei 230026, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Neef T, Ifergan I, Beddow S, Penaloza-MacMaster P, Haskins K, Shea LD, Podojil JR, Miller SD. Tolerance Induced by Antigen-Loaded PLG Nanoparticles Affects the Phenotype and Trafficking of Transgenic CD4 + and CD8 + T Cells. Cells 2021; 10:cells10123445. [PMID: 34943952 PMCID: PMC8699785 DOI: 10.3390/cells10123445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2021] [Revised: 11/27/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
We have shown that PLG nanoparticles loaded with peptide antigen can reduce disease in animal models of autoimmunity and in a phase 1/2a clinical trial in celiac patients. Clarifying the mechanisms by which antigen-loaded nanoparticles establish tolerance is key to further adapting them to clinical use. The mechanisms underlying tolerance induction include the expansion of antigen-specific CD4+ regulatory T cells and sequestration of autoreactive cells in the spleen. In this study, we employed nanoparticles loaded with two model peptides, GP33–41 (a CD8 T cell epitope derived from lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus) and OVA323–339 (a CD4 T cell epitope derived from ovalbumin), to modulate the CD8+ and CD4+ T cells from two transgenic mouse strains, P14 and DO11.10, respectively. Firstly, it was found that the injection of P14 mice with particles bearing the MHC I-restricted GP33–41 peptide resulted in the expansion of CD8+ T cells with a regulatory cell phenotype. This correlated with reduced CD4+ T cell viability in ex vivo co-cultures. Secondly, both nanoparticle types were able to sequester transgenic T cells in secondary lymphoid tissue. Flow cytometric analyses showed a reduction in the surface expression of chemokine receptors. Such an effect was more prominently observed in the CD4+ cells rather than the CD8+ cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tobias Neef
- Department of Microbiology-Immunology, School of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg, 303 E. Chicago Avenue, Chicago, IL 60611, USA; (T.N.); (I.I.); (S.B.); (P.P.-M.); (J.R.P.)
| | - Igal Ifergan
- Department of Microbiology-Immunology, School of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg, 303 E. Chicago Avenue, Chicago, IL 60611, USA; (T.N.); (I.I.); (S.B.); (P.P.-M.); (J.R.P.)
| | - Sara Beddow
- Department of Microbiology-Immunology, School of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg, 303 E. Chicago Avenue, Chicago, IL 60611, USA; (T.N.); (I.I.); (S.B.); (P.P.-M.); (J.R.P.)
| | - Pablo Penaloza-MacMaster
- Department of Microbiology-Immunology, School of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg, 303 E. Chicago Avenue, Chicago, IL 60611, USA; (T.N.); (I.I.); (S.B.); (P.P.-M.); (J.R.P.)
| | - Kathryn Haskins
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, School of Medicine, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO 80045, USA;
| | - Lonnie D. Shea
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA;
| | - Joseph R. Podojil
- Department of Microbiology-Immunology, School of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg, 303 E. Chicago Avenue, Chicago, IL 60611, USA; (T.N.); (I.I.); (S.B.); (P.P.-M.); (J.R.P.)
- Research & Development, Cour Pharmaceuticals Development Company, Northbrook, IL 60062, USA
| | - Stephen D. Miller
- Department of Microbiology-Immunology, School of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg, 303 E. Chicago Avenue, Chicago, IL 60611, USA; (T.N.); (I.I.); (S.B.); (P.P.-M.); (J.R.P.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-312-503-7674
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Dangkoub F, Sankian M, Tafaghodi M, Jaafari MR, Badiee A. The impact of nanocarriers in the induction of antigen-specific immunotolerance in autoimmune diseases. J Control Release 2021; 339:274-283. [PMID: 34600024 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2021.09.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Revised: 09/26/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Immunotolerance induction in an antigen-specific manner is the long-term goal of immunotherapy to treat autoimmune diseases. Nanocarriers (NCs) can be designed as a new generation of delivery systems to modulate the immune responses through targeted delivery of antigens and immunomodulators to antigen presenting cells (APCs). In this manuscript, several formulation factors in the preparation of NCs which affect their uptake using APCs and generation of tolerance have been reviewed. The physicochemical properties and composition of NCs have been shown to play essential roles in achieving the desired immunological outcome. Also, targeting of dendritic cells and macrophages as APCs and direct targeting of the autoreactive lymphocytes have been presented as two main ways for induction of antigen-specific tolerance by these tolerogenic nanocarriers (tNCs). These particles herald a promising approach to treat or even prevent unwanted immune reactions in humans specifically.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Faezeh Dangkoub
- Department of Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Nanotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mojtaba Sankian
- Immunology Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mohsen Tafaghodi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Nanotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mahmoud Reza Jaafari
- Department of Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Nanotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Ali Badiee
- Department of Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Nanotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Nanotechnology-based products for cancer immunotherapy. Mol Biol Rep 2021; 49:1389-1412. [PMID: 34716502 PMCID: PMC8555726 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-021-06876-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Abstract Currently, nanoscale materials and scaffolds carrying antitumor agents to the tumor target site are practical approaches for cancer treatment. Immunotherapy is a modern approach to cancer treatment in which the body’s immune system adjusts to deal with cancer cells. Immuno-engineering is a new branch of regenerative medicine-based therapies that uses engineering principles by using biological tools to stimulate the immune system. Therefore, this branch’s final aim is to regulate distribution, release, and simultaneous placement of several immune factors at the tumor site, so then upgrade the current treatment methods and subsequently improve the immune system’s handling. In this paper, recent research and prospects of nanotechnology-based cancer immunotherapy have been presented and discussed. Furthermore, different encouraging nanotechnology-based plans for targeting various innate and adaptive immune systems will also be discussed. Due to novel views in nanotechnology strategies, this field can address some biological obstacles, although studies are ongoing. Graphic abstract ![]()
Collapse
|
28
|
Nuzzo D, Picone P. Multiple Sclerosis: Focus on Extracellular and Artificial Vesicles, Nanoparticles as Potential Therapeutic Approaches. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:8866. [PMID: 34445572 PMCID: PMC8396338 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22168866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Revised: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune disease of the Central Nervous System, characterized by an inflammatory process leading to the destruction of myelin with neuronal death and neurodegeneration. In MS, lymphocytes cross the blood-brain barrier, creating inflammatory demyelinated plaques located primarily in the white matter. MS potential treatments involve various mechanisms of action on immune cells, immunosuppression, inhibition of the passage through the blood-brain barrier, and immunotolerance. Bio-nanotechnology represents a promising approach to improve the treatment of autoimmune diseases by its ability to affect the immune responses. The use of nanotechnology has been actively investigated for the development of new MS therapies. In this review, we summarize the results of the studies on natural and artificial vesicles and nanoparticles, and take a look to the future clinical perspectives for their application in the MS therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Domenico Nuzzo
- Istituto per la Ricerca e l’Innovazione Biomedica, CNR, via U. La Malfa 153, 90146 Palermo, Italy;
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche Chimiche e Farmaceutiche, Università di Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, 90128 Palermo, Italy
| | - Pasquale Picone
- Istituto per la Ricerca e l’Innovazione Biomedica, CNR, via U. La Malfa 153, 90146 Palermo, Italy;
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche Chimiche e Farmaceutiche, Università di Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, 90128 Palermo, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Shehu IA, Auwal NM, Musa MK, Mukhtar A, Yusuf MS, Yau AA, Muhammad M, Baba Dala Y, Sani SA, Ahmad MS, Islam M. Innovative Nanotechnology a Boon for Fight Against Pandemic COVID–19. FRONTIERS IN NANOTECHNOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.3389/fnano.2021.651308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
COVID – 19 is a contagious disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS-CoV2). The rate at which COVID – 19-virus spread from epidemic to pandemic within a short period is quite alarming. As of July 2020, the Dashboard of the World Health Organization (WHO) recorded over 15 million COVID – 19 cases across 213 countries, with mortality of over 620,000. The governments and healthcare agencies responsible for mitigating the virus's spread have adopted several strategies to end the pandemic. However, all hands were on deck to establish the standard treatment modalities of SARS-CoV-2 through inventing new drugs, vaccine candidates, or repurposing the existing medicines and robust diagnostic tools, in addition to other technological innovations. Therefore, nanotechnology’s employment would play a vital role in bringing multidisciplinary ways of developing affordable, reliable, and powerful tools for diagnosis, in addition to personal protection and effective medicines. Additionally, nanosensors' application would significantly aid the diagnoses of the COVID–19 even on asymptomatic patients, and thus would be an essential means for determining its prevalence. Likewise, nanoscale fibers can optimize personal equipment protection and allow their reusability for medical and economic benefits. Accordingly, the literature was intensively reviewed by searching for the combinations of the research keywords in the official scientific databases such as Science Direct, PubMed, and Google Scholar. Hence, this research highlighted the perspective contributions of nanotechnology in the war against the COVID-19 pandemic.
Collapse
|
30
|
Horwitz DA, Bickerton S, La Cava A. Strategies to Use Nanoparticles to Generate CD4 and CD8 Regulatory T Cells for the Treatment of SLE and Other Autoimmune Diseases. Front Immunol 2021; 12:681062. [PMID: 34211471 PMCID: PMC8239238 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.681062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Autoimmune diseases are disorders of immune regulation where the mechanisms responsible for self-tolerance break down and pathologic T cells overcome the protective effects of T regulatory cells (Tregs) that normally control them. The result can be the initiation of chronic inflammatory diseases. Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and other autoimmune diseases are generally treated with pharmacologic or biological agents that have broad suppressive effects. These agents can halt disease progression, yet rarely cure while carrying serious adverse side effects. Recently, nanoparticles have been engineered to correct homeostatic regulatory defects and regenerate therapeutic antigen-specific Tregs. Some approaches have used nanoparticles targeted to antigen presenting cells to switch their support from pathogenic T cells to protective Tregs. Others have used nanoparticles targeted directly to T cells for the induction and expansion of CD4+ and CD8+ Tregs. Some of these T cell targeted nanoparticles have been formulated to act as tolerogenic artificial antigen presenting cells. This article discusses the properties of these various nanoparticle formulations and the strategies to use them in the treatment of autoimmune diseases. The restoration and maintenance of Treg predominance over effector cells should promote long-term autoimmune disease remission and ultimately prevent them in susceptible individuals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- David A. Horwitz
- General Nanotherapeutics, LLC, Santa Monica, CA, United States
- Department of Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Sean Bickerton
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - Antonio La Cava
- Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Emerson AE, Slaby EM, Hiremath SC, Weaver JD. Biomaterial-based approaches to engineering immune tolerance. Biomater Sci 2021; 8:7014-7032. [PMID: 33179649 DOI: 10.1039/d0bm01171a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The development of biomaterial-based therapeutics to induce immune tolerance holds great promise for the treatment of autoimmune diseases, allergy, and graft rejection in transplantation. Historical approaches to treat these immunological challenges have primarily relied on systemic delivery of broadly-acting immunosuppressive agents that confer undesirable, off-target effects. The evolution and expansion of biomaterial platforms has proven to be a powerful tool in engineering immunotherapeutics and enabled a great diversity of novel and targeted approaches in engineering immune tolerance, with the potential to eliminate side effects associated with systemic, non-specific immunosuppressive approaches. In this review, we summarize the technological advances within three broad biomaterials-based strategies to engineering immune tolerance: nonspecific tolerogenic agent delivery, antigen-specific tolerogenic therapy, and the emergent area of tolerogenic cell therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amy E Emerson
- School of Biological and Health Systems Engineering, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
32
|
Zhang LX, Hu J, Jia YB, Liu RT, Cai T, Xu ZP. Two-dimensional layered double hydroxide nanoadjuvant: recent progress and future direction. NANOSCALE 2021; 13:7533-7549. [PMID: 33876812 DOI: 10.1039/d1nr00881a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Layered double hydroxide (LDH) is a 'sandwich'-like two-dimensional clay material that has been systematically investigated for biomedical application in the past two decades. LDH is an alum-similar adjuvant, which has a well-defined layered crystal structure and exhibits high adjuvanticity. The unique structure of LDH includes positively charged layers composed of divalent and trivalent cations and anion-exchangeable interlayer galleries. Among the many variants of LDH, MgAl-LDH (the cationic ions are Mg2+ and Al3+) has the highest affinity to antigens, bioadjuvants and drug molecules, and exhibits superior biosafety. Past research studies indicate that MgAl-LDH can simultaneously load antigens, bioadjuvants and molecular drugs to amplify the strength of immune responses, and induce broad-spectrum immune responses. Moreover, the size and dispersity of MgAl-LDH in biological environments can be well controlled to actively deliver antigens to the immune system, realizing the rapid induction and maintenance of durable immune responses. Furthermore, the functionalization of MgAl-LDH nanoadjuvants enables it to capture antigens in situ and induce personalized immune responses, thereby more effectively overcoming complex diseases. In this review, we comprehensively summarize the development and application of MgAl-LDH nanoparticles as a vaccine adjuvant, demonstrating that MgAl-LDH is the most potential adjuvant for clinical application.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ling-Xiao Zhang
- Hwa Mei Hospital, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Ningbo No. 2 Hospital), Ningbo 315010, China. and Ningbo Institute of Life and Health Industry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315010, China and Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia. and Institute of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Univeristy, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Jing Hu
- Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China and University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Ying-Bo Jia
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China and State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Rui-Tian Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Ting Cai
- Hwa Mei Hospital, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Ningbo No. 2 Hospital), Ningbo 315010, China. and Ningbo Institute of Life and Health Industry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315010, China
| | - Zhi Ping Xu
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Chai LX, Fan XX, Zuo YH, Zhang B, Nie GH, Xie N, Xie ZJ, Zhang H. Low-dimensional nanomaterials enabled autoimmune disease treatments: Recent advances, strategies, and future challenges. Coord Chem Rev 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2020.213697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
|
34
|
Oakes RS, Tostanoski LH, Kapnick SM, Froimchuk E, Black SK, Zeng X, Jewell CM. Exploiting Rational Assembly to Map Distinct Roles of Regulatory Cues during Autoimmune Therapy. ACS NANO 2021; 15:4305-4320. [PMID: 33645967 PMCID: PMC8116774 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.0c07440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Autoimmune diseases like multiple sclerosis (MS), type 1 diabetes, and lupus occur when the immune system attacks host tissue. Immunotherapies that promote selective tolerance without suppressing normal immune function are of tremendous interest. Here, nanotechnology was used for rational assembly of peptides and modulatory immune cues into immune complexes. Complexes containing self-peptides and regulatory nucleic acids reverse established paralysis in a preclinical MS model. Importantly, mice responding to immunotherapy maintain healthy, antigen-specific B and T cell responses during a foreign antigen challenge. A therapeutic library isolating specific components reveals that regulatory nucleic acids suppress inflammatory genes in innate immune cells, while disease-matched peptide sequences control specificity of tolerance. Distinct gene expression profiles in cells and animals are associated with the immune signals administered in particulate and soluble forms, highlighting the impact of biophysical presentation of signals. This work provides insight into the rational manipulation of immune signaling to drive tolerance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Robert S. Oakes
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, 3102 A. James Clark Hall, 8278 Paint Branch Drive, College Park, MD, 20742, USA
- United States Department of Veterans Affairs, VA Maryland Health Care System, 10 N Greene St, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
| | - Lisa H. Tostanoski
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, 3102 A. James Clark Hall, 8278 Paint Branch Drive, College Park, MD, 20742, USA
| | - Senta M. Kapnick
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, 3102 A. James Clark Hall, 8278 Paint Branch Drive, College Park, MD, 20742, USA
| | - Eugene Froimchuk
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, 3102 A. James Clark Hall, 8278 Paint Branch Drive, College Park, MD, 20742, USA
| | - Sheneil K. Black
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, 3102 A. James Clark Hall, 8278 Paint Branch Drive, College Park, MD, 20742, USA
| | - Xiangbin Zeng
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, 3102 A. James Clark Hall, 8278 Paint Branch Drive, College Park, MD, 20742, USA
| | - Christopher M. Jewell
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, 3102 A. James Clark Hall, 8278 Paint Branch Drive, College Park, MD, 20742, USA
- United States Department of Veterans Affairs, VA Maryland Health Care System, 10 N Greene St, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
- Robert E. Fischell Institute for Biomedical Devices, 5102 A. James Clark Hall, 8278 Paint Branch Drive, College Park, MD, 20742, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Maryland Medical School, 685 West Baltimore Street, HSF-I Suite 380, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
- Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, 22 S Greene St, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Guo D, Ji X, Luo J. Rational nanocarrier design towards clinical translation of cancer nanotherapy. Biomed Mater 2021; 16. [DOI: 10.1088/1748-605x/abe35a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2020] [Accepted: 02/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
|
36
|
Esrafili A, Wagner A, Inamdar S, Acharya AP. Covalent Organic Frameworks for Biomedical Applications. Adv Healthc Mater 2021; 10:e2002090. [PMID: 33475260 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202002090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2020] [Revised: 12/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Covalent organic frameworks (COFs) are porous organic polymeric materials that are composed of organic elements and linked together by the thermodynamically stable covalent bonds. The applications of COFs in energy sector and drug delivery are afforded because of the desirable properties of COFs, such as high stability, low density, large surface area, multidimensionality, porosity, and high-ordered crystalline structure expanded. In this review COFs are reviewed, from the perspective of different types of reported COFs, different methods for their synthesis, and their potential applications in the biomedical field. The main goal of this review is to introduce COFs as a biomaterial and to identify specific advantages of different types of COFs that can be exploited for specialized biomedical applications, such as immune engineering.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Arezoo Esrafili
- Chemical Engineering School for the Engineering of Matter, Transport, and Energy Arizona State University Tempe AZ 85281 USA
| | - Avery Wagner
- Chemical Engineering School for the Engineering of Matter, Transport, and Energy Arizona State University Tempe AZ 85281 USA
| | - Sahil Inamdar
- Chemical Engineering School for the Engineering of Matter, Transport, and Energy Arizona State University Tempe AZ 85281 USA
| | - Abhinav P. Acharya
- Chemical Engineering School for the Engineering of Matter, Transport, and Energy Arizona State University Tempe AZ 85281 USA
- Biological Design Graduate Program School for Biological and Health Systems Engineering Arizona State University Tempe AZ 85281 USA
- Materials Science and Engineering School for the Engineering of Matter Transport and Energy Arizona State University Tempe AZ 85281 USA
- Biodesign Center for Immunotherapy Vaccines and Virotherapy Arizona State University Tempe AZ 85281 USA
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Non-Genetically Encoded Epitopes Are Relevant Targets in Autoimmune Diabetes. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9020202. [PMID: 33671312 PMCID: PMC7922826 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9020202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2021] [Revised: 02/10/2021] [Accepted: 02/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Islet antigen reactive T cells play a key role in promoting beta cell destruction in type 1 diabetes (T1D). Self-reactive T cells are typically deleted through negative selection in the thymus or deviated to a regulatory phenotype. Nevertheless, those processes are imperfect such that even healthy individuals have a reservoir of potentially autoreactive T cells. What remains less clear is how tolerance is lost to insulin and other beta cell specific antigens. Islet autoantibodies, the best predictor of disease risk, are known to recognize classical antigens such as proinsulin, GAD65, IA-2, and ZnT8. These antibodies are thought to be supported by the expansion of autoreactive CD4+ T cells that recognize these same antigenic targets. However, recent studies have identified new classes of non-genetically encoded epitopes that may reflect crucial gaps in central and peripheral tolerance. Notably, some of these specificities, including epitopes from enzymatically post-translationally modified antigens and hybrid insulin peptides, are present at relatively high frequencies in the peripheral blood of patients with T1D. We conclude that CD4+ T cells that recognize non-genetically encoded epitopes are likely to make an important contribution to the progression of islet autoimmunity in T1D. We further propose that these classes of neo-epitopes should be considered as possible targets for strategies to induce antigen specific tolerance.
Collapse
|
38
|
Singh RK, Malosse C, Davies J, Malissen B, Kochba E, Levin Y, Birchall JC, Coulman SA, Mous J, McAteer MA, Dayan CM, Henri S, Wong FS. Using gold nanoparticles for enhanced intradermal delivery of poorly soluble auto-antigenic peptides. NANOMEDICINE : NANOTECHNOLOGY, BIOLOGY, AND MEDICINE 2021; 32:102321. [PMID: 33184020 DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2020.102321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2020] [Revised: 08/08/2020] [Accepted: 10/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Ultra-small 1-2 nm gold nanoparticles (NP) were conjugated with a poorly-soluble peptide auto-antigen, associated with type 1 diabetes, to modify the peptide pharmacokinetics, following its intradermal delivery. Peptide distribution was characterized, in vivo, after delivery using either conventional intradermal injection or a hollow microneedle device. The poorly-soluble peptide was effectively presented in distant lymph nodes (LN), spleen and draining LN when conjugated to the nanoparticles, whereas peptide alone was only presented in the draining LN. By contrast, nanoparticle conjugation to a highly-soluble peptide did not enhance in vivo distribution. Transfer of both free peptide and peptide-NPs from the skin to LN was reduced in mice lacking lymphoid homing receptor CCR7, suggesting that both are actively transported by migrating dendritic cells to LN. Collectively, these data demonstrate that intradermally administered ultra-small gold nanoparticles can widen the distribution of poorly-soluble auto-antigenic peptides to multiple lymphoid organs, thus enhancing their use as potential therapeutics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ravinder K Singh
- Division of Infection & Immunity, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Heath Park, Cardiff, UK
| | - Camille Malosse
- Centre d'Immunologie de Marseille-Luminy, Aix Marseille Université, Inserm, CNRS, Marseille, France
| | - Joanne Davies
- Division of Infection & Immunity, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Heath Park, Cardiff, UK
| | - Bernard Malissen
- Centre d'Immunologie de Marseille-Luminy, Aix Marseille Université, Inserm, CNRS, Marseille, France; Centre d'Immunophénomique, Aix Marseille Université, INSERM, CNRS, Marseille, France
| | | | - Yotam Levin
- NanoPass Technologies Ltd., Nes Ziona, Israel
| | - James C Birchall
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cardiff University, UK
| | - Sion A Coulman
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cardiff University, UK
| | - Jan Mous
- Midatech Pharma PLC, Cardiff, UK
| | | | - Colin M Dayan
- Division of Infection & Immunity, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Heath Park, Cardiff, UK.
| | - Sandrine Henri
- Centre d'Immunologie de Marseille-Luminy, Aix Marseille Université, Inserm, CNRS, Marseille, France
| | - F Susan Wong
- Division of Infection & Immunity, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Heath Park, Cardiff, UK
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Tajbakhsh A, Farahani N, Gheibihayat SM, Mirkhabbaz AM, Savardashtaki A, Hamblin MR, Mirzaei H. Autoantigen-specific immune tolerance in pathological and physiological cell death: Nanotechnology comes into view. Int Immunopharmacol 2020; 90:107177. [PMID: 33249046 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2020.107177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2020] [Revised: 10/26/2020] [Accepted: 11/02/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Apoptotic cells are tolerogenic and can present self-antigens in the absence of inflammation, to antigen-presenting cells by the process of efferocytosis, resulting in anergy and depletion of immune effector cells. This tolerance is essential to maintain immune homeostasis and prevent systemic autoimmune diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis and systemic lupus erythematosus. Consequently, effective efferocytosis can result in the induction of immune tolerance mediated via triggering modulatory lymphocytes and anti-inflammatory responses. Furthermore, several distinct soluble factors, receptors and pathways have been found to be involved in the efferocytosis, which are able to regulate immune tolerance by lessening antigen presentation, inhibition of T-cell proliferation and induction of regulatory T-cells. Some newly developed nanotechnology-based approaches can induce antigen-specific immunological tolerance without any systemic immunosuppression. These strategies have been explored to reverse autoimmune responses induced against various protein antigens in different diseases. In this review, we describe some nanotechnology-based approaches for the maintenance of self-tolerance using the apoptotic cell clearance process (efferocytosis) that may be able to induce immune tolerance and treat autoimmune diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amir Tajbakhsh
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Najmeh Farahani
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Sayed Mohammad Gheibihayat
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | | | - Amir Savardashtaki
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran; Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
| | - Michael R Hamblin
- Laser Research Centre, Faculty of Health Science, University of Johannesburg, Doornfontein, Johannesburg 2028, South Africa.
| | - Hamed Mirzaei
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, I.R., Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Tsai SJ, Black SK, Jewell CM. Leveraging the modularity of biomaterial carriers to tune immune responses. ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS 2020; 30:2004119. [PMID: 33692662 PMCID: PMC7939076 DOI: 10.1002/adfm.202004119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2020] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Biomaterial carriers offer modular features to control the delivery and presentation of vaccines and immunotherapies. This tunability is a distinct capability of biomaterials. Understanding how tunable material features impact immune responses is important to improve vaccine and immunotherapy design, as well as clinical translation. Here we discuss the modularity of biomaterial properties as a means of controlling encounters with immune signals across scales - tissue, cell, molecular, and time - and ultimately, to direct stimulation or regulation of immune function. We highlight these advances using illustrations from recent literature across infectious disease, cancer, and autoimmunity. As the immune engineering field matures, informed design criteria could support more rational biomaterial carriers for vaccination and immunotherapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shannon J Tsai
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, 8278 Paint Branch Drive, College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | - Sheneil K Black
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, 8278 Paint Branch Drive, College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | - Christopher M Jewell
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, 8278 Paint Branch Drive, College Park, MD 20742, USA; Robert E. Fischell Institute for Biomedical Devices, 8278 Paint Branch Drive, College Park, MD 20742, USA; United States Department of Veterans Affairs, VA Maryland Health Care System, 10. N Green Street, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; United States Department of Veterans Affairs, VA Maryland Health Care System, 10. N Green Street, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Cancer Center, 22 South Greene Street, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Zeng Y, Li Z, Zhu H, Gu Z, Zhang H, Luo K. Recent Advances in Nanomedicines for Multiple Sclerosis Therapy. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2020; 3:6571-6597. [PMID: 35019387 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.0c00953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yujun Zeng
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of Radiology, Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Zhiqian Li
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of Radiology, Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Hongyan Zhu
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of Radiology, Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Zhongwei Gu
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of Radiology, Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Hu Zhang
- Amgen Bioprocessing Centre, Keck Graduate Institute, Claremont, California 91711, United States
| | - Kui Luo
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of Radiology, Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Kwiatkowski AJ, Stewart JM, Cho JJ, Avram D, Keselowsky BG. Nano and Microparticle Emerging Strategies for Treatment of Autoimmune Diseases: Multiple Sclerosis and Type 1 Diabetes. Adv Healthc Mater 2020; 9:e2000164. [PMID: 32519501 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202000164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2020] [Revised: 03/12/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Autoimmune diseases affect 10% of the world's population, and 1 in 200 people worldwide suffer from either multiple sclerosis (MS) or type 1 diabetes (T1D). While the targeted organ systems are different, MS and T1D share similarities in terms of autoreactive immune cells playing a critical role in pathogenesis. Both diseases can be managed only symptomatically without curative remission, and treatment options are limited and non-specific. Most current therapies cause some degree of systemic immune suppression, leaving the patients susceptible to opportunistic infections and other complications. Thus, there is considerable interest in the development of immunotherapies not associated with generalized immune suppression for these diseases. This review presents current and preclinical strategies for MS and T1D treatment, emphasizing those aimed to modulate the immune response, including the most recent strategies for tolerance induction. A central focus is on the emerging approaches using nano- and microparticle platforms, their evolution as immunotherapeutic carriers, including those incorporating specific antigens to induce tolerance and reduce unwanted generalized immune suppression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alexander J Kwiatkowski
- J. Crayton Pruitt Family Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA
| | - Joshua M Stewart
- J. Crayton Pruitt Family Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA
| | - Jonathan J Cho
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA
| | - Dorina Avram
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA
- UF Health Cancer Center, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA
| | - Benjamin G Keselowsky
- J. Crayton Pruitt Family Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Recent Advances in Antigen-Specific Immunotherapies for the Treatment of Multiple Sclerosis. Brain Sci 2020; 10:brainsci10060333. [PMID: 32486045 PMCID: PMC7348736 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci10060333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2020] [Revised: 05/22/2020] [Accepted: 05/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune disease of the central nervous system and is considered to be the leading non-traumatic cause of neurological disability in young adults. Current treatments for MS comprise long-term immunosuppressant drugs and disease-modifying therapies (DMTs) designed to alter its progress with the enhanced risk of severe side effects. The Holy Grail for the treatment of MS is to specifically suppress the disease while at the same time allow the immune system to be functionally active against infectious diseases and malignancy. This could be achieved via the development of immunotherapies designed to specifically suppress immune responses to self-antigens (e.g., myelin antigens). The present study attempts to highlight the various antigen-specific immunotherapies developed so far for the treatment of multiple sclerosis (e.g., vaccination with myelin-derived peptides/proteins, plasmid DNA encoding myelin epitopes, tolerogenic dendritic cells pulsed with encephalitogenic epitopes of myelin proteins, attenuated autologous T cells specific for myelin antigens, T cell receptor peptides, carriers loaded/conjugated with myelin immunodominant peptides, etc), focusing on the outcome of their recent preclinical and clinical evaluation, and to shed light on the mechanisms involved in the immunopathogenesis and treatment of multiple sclerosis.
Collapse
|
44
|
Cano A, Sánchez-López E, Ettcheto M, López-Machado A, Espina M, Souto EB, Galindo R, Camins A, García ML, Turowski P. Current advances in the development of novel polymeric nanoparticles for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2020; 15:1239-1261. [PMID: 32370600 DOI: 10.2217/nnm-2019-0443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Effective intervention is essential to combat the coming epidemic of neurodegenerative (ND) diseases. Nanomedicine can overcome restrictions of CNS delivery imposed by the blood-brain barrier, and thus be instrumental in preclinical discovery and therapeutic intervention of ND diseases. Polymeric nanoparticles (PNPs) have shown great potential and versatility to encapsulate several compounds simultaneously in controlled drug-delivery systems and target them to the deepest brain regions. Here, we critically review recent advances in the development of drugs incorporated into PNPs and summarize the molecular changes and functional effects achieved in preclinical models of the most common ND disorders. We also briefly discuss the many challenges remaining to translate these findings and technological advances successfully to current clinical settings.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Cano
- Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Technology & Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy & Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Institute of Nanoscience & Nanotechnology (IN2UB), Barcelona, Spain.,Biomedical Research Networking Centre in Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain
| | - Elena Sánchez-López
- Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Technology & Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy & Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Institute of Nanoscience & Nanotechnology (IN2UB), Barcelona, Spain.,Biomedical Research Networking Centre in Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain
| | - Miren Ettcheto
- Biomedical Research Networking Centre in Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain.,Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology & Therapeutic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy & Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Unit of Biochemistry & Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine & Health Sciences, University of Rovira i Virgili, Reus (Tarragona), Spain
| | - Ana López-Machado
- Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Technology & Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy & Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Institute of Nanoscience & Nanotechnology (IN2UB), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marta Espina
- Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Technology & Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy & Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Institute of Nanoscience & Nanotechnology (IN2UB), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Eliana B Souto
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.,CEB, Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar 4710-057, Braga, Portugal
| | - Ruth Galindo
- Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Technology & Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy & Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Institute of Nanoscience & Nanotechnology (IN2UB), Barcelona, Spain.,Biomedical Research Networking Centre in Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain.,Unit of Synthesis & Biomedical Applications of Peptides, Department of Biomedical Chemistry, Institute for Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IQAC-CSIC), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Antonio Camins
- Biomedical Research Networking Centre in Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain.,Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology & Therapeutic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy & Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Maria Luisa García
- Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Technology & Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy & Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Institute of Nanoscience & Nanotechnology (IN2UB), Barcelona, Spain.,Biomedical Research Networking Centre in Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain
| | - Patric Turowski
- UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, University College of London, London, UK
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Freitag TL, Podojil JR, Pearson RM, Fokta FJ, Sahl C, Messing M, Andersson LC, Leskinen K, Saavalainen P, Hoover LI, Huang K, Phippard D, Maleki S, King NJ, Shea LD, Miller SD, Meri SK, Getts DR. Gliadin Nanoparticles Induce Immune Tolerance to Gliadin in Mouse Models of Celiac Disease. Gastroenterology 2020; 158:1667-1681.e12. [PMID: 32032584 PMCID: PMC7198359 DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2020.01.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2019] [Revised: 01/26/2020] [Accepted: 01/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Celiac disease could be treated, and potentially cured, by restoring T-cell tolerance to gliadin. We investigated the safety and efficacy of negatively charged 500-nm poly(lactide-co-glycolide) nanoparticles encapsulating gliadin protein (TIMP-GLIA) in 3 mouse models of celiac disease. Uptake of these nanoparticles by antigen-presenting cells was shown to induce immune tolerance in other animal models of autoimmune disease. METHODS We performed studies with C57BL/6; RAG1-/- (C57BL/6); and HLA-DQ8, huCD4 transgenic Ab0 NOD mice. Mice were given 1 or 2 tail-vein injections of TIMP-GLIA or control nanoparticles. Some mice were given intradermal injections of gliadin in complete Freund's adjuvant (immunization) or of soluble gliadin or ovalbumin (ear challenge). RAG-/- mice were given intraperitoneal injections of CD4+CD62L-CD44hi T cells from gliadin-immunized C57BL/6 mice and were fed with an AIN-76A-based diet containing wheat gluten (oral challenge) or without gluten. Spleen or lymph node cells were analyzed in proliferation and cytokine secretion assays or by flow cytometry, RNA sequencing, or real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Serum samples were analyzed by gliadin antibody enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and intestinal tissues were analyzed by histology. Human peripheral blood mononuclear cells, or immature dendritic cells derived from human peripheral blood mononuclear cells, were cultured in medium containing TIMP-GLIA, anti-CD3 antibody, or lipopolysaccharide (controls) and analyzed in proliferation and cytokine secretion assays or by flow cytometry. Whole blood or plasma from healthy volunteers was incubated with TIMP-GLIA, and hemolysis, platelet activation and aggregation, and complement activation or coagulation were analyzed. RESULTS TIMP-GLIA did not increase markers of maturation on cultured human dendritic cells or induce activation of T cells from patients with active or treated celiac disease. In the delayed-type hypersensitivity (model 1), the HLA-DQ8 transgenic (model 2), and the gliadin memory T-cell enteropathy (model 3) models of celiac disease, intravenous injections of TIMP-GLIA significantly decreased gliadin-specific T-cell proliferation (in models 1 and 2), inflammatory cytokine secretion (in models 1, 2, and 3), circulating gliadin-specific IgG/IgG2c (in models 1 and 2), ear swelling (in model 1), gluten-dependent enteropathy (in model 3), and body weight loss (in model 3). In model 1, the effects were shown to be dose dependent. Splenocytes from HLA-DQ8 transgenic mice given TIMP-GLIA nanoparticles, but not control nanoparticles, had increased levels of FOXP3 and gene expression signatures associated with tolerance induction. CONCLUSIONS In mice with gliadin sensitivity, injection of TIMP-GLIA nanoparticles induced unresponsiveness to gliadin and reduced markers of inflammation and enteropathy. This strategy might be developed for the treatment of celiac disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tobias L. Freitag
- Department of Bacteriology and Immunology, University of Helsinki, Finland;,Translational Immunology Research Program, University of Helsinki, Finland;,Corresponding author. Address Correspondence to: Tobias L. Freitag, MD, Translational Immunology Research Program, Department of Bacteriology and Immunology, Haartmaninkatu 3, Room B327, 00290 University of Helsinki, Finland,
| | - Joseph R. Podojil
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA;,Cour Pharmaceutical Development Company, Northbrook, IL, USA
| | - Ryan M. Pearson
- Cour Pharmaceutical Development Company, Northbrook, IL, USA,Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Frank J. Fokta
- Cour Pharmaceutical Development Company, Northbrook, IL, USA
| | - Cecilia Sahl
- Department of Bacteriology and Immunology, University of Helsinki, Finland
| | - Marcel Messing
- Department of Bacteriology and Immunology, University of Helsinki, Finland;,Translational Immunology Research Program, University of Helsinki, Finland
| | | | - Katarzyna Leskinen
- Translational Immunology Research Program, University of Helsinki, Finland
| | - Päivi Saavalainen
- Translational Immunology Research Program, University of Helsinki, Finland
| | | | | | | | - Sanaz Maleki
- Discipline of Pathology, School of Medical Sciences, Bosch Institute, Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Nicholas J.C. King
- Discipline of Pathology, School of Medical Sciences, Bosch Institute, Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Lonnie D. Shea
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Stephen D. Miller
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA;,Interdepartmental Immunobiology Center, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Seppo K. Meri
- Department of Bacteriology and Immunology, University of Helsinki, Finland;,Translational Immunology Research Program, University of Helsinki, Finland
| | - Daniel R. Getts
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA;,Cour Pharmaceutical Development Company, Northbrook, IL, USA,Discipline of Pathology, School of Medical Sciences, Bosch Institute, Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia;,Interdepartmental Immunobiology Center, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Li Y, Ayala-Orozco C, Rauta PR, Krishnan S. The application of nanotechnology in enhancing immunotherapy for cancer treatment: current effects and perspective. NANOSCALE 2019; 11:17157-17178. [PMID: 31531445 PMCID: PMC6778734 DOI: 10.1039/c9nr05371a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Cancer immunotherapy is emerging as a promising treatment modality that suppresses and eliminates tumors by re-activating and maintaining the tumor-immune cycle, and further enhancing the body's anti-tumor immune response. Despite the impressive therapeutic potential of immunotherapy approaches such as immune checkpoint inhibitors and tumor vaccines in pre-clinical and clinical applications, the effective response is limited by insufficient accumulation in tumor tissues and severe side-effects. Recent years have witnessed the rise of nanotechnology as a solution to improve these technical weaknesses due to its inherent biophysical properties and multifunctional modifying potential. In this review, we summarized and discussed the current status of nanoparticle-enhanced cancer immunotherapy strategies, including intensified delivery of tumor vaccines and immune adjuvants, immune checkpoint inhibitor vehicles, targeting capacity to tumor-draining lymph nodes and immune cells, triggered releasing and regulating specific tumor microenvironments, and adoptive cell therapy enhancement effects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yongjiang Li
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Center, and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China. and Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030, USA.
| | - Ciceron Ayala-Orozco
- Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030, USA.
| | - Pradipta Ranjan Rauta
- Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030, USA.
| | - Sunil Krishnan
- Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030, USA. and Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
A Brief Review about the Role of Nanomaterials, Mineral-Organic Nanoparticles, and Extra-Bone Calcification in Promoting Carcinogenesis and Tumor Progression. Biomedicines 2019; 7:biomedicines7030065. [PMID: 31466331 PMCID: PMC6783842 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines7030065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2019] [Revised: 08/04/2019] [Accepted: 08/21/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
People come in contact with a huge number of nanoparticles (NPs) throughout their lives, which can be of both natural and anthropogenic origin and are capable of entering the body through swallowing, skin penetration, or inhalation. In connection with the expanding use of nanomaterials in various industrial processes, the question of whether there is a need to study the potentially adverse effects of NPs on human health becomes increasingly important. Despite the fact that the nature and the extent of damage caused depends on the chemical and the physical characteristics of individual NPs, there are also general mechanisms related to their toxicity. These mechanisms include the ability of NPs to translocate to various organs through endocytosis, as well as their ability to stimulate the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), leading to oxidative stress, inflammation, genotoxicity, metabolic changes, and potentially carcinogenesis. In this review, we discuss the main characteristics of NPs and the effects they cause at both cellular and tissue levels. We also focus on possible mechanisms that underlie the relationship of NPs with carcinogenesis. We briefly summarize the main concepts related to the role of endogenous mineral organic NPs in the development of various human diseases and their participation in extra-bone calcification. Considering data from both our studies and those published in scientific literature, we propose the revision of some ideas concerning extra-bone calcification, since it may be one of the factors associated with the initiation of the mechanisms of immunological tolerance.
Collapse
|
48
|
Saito E, Kuo R, Kramer KR, Gohel N, Giles DA, Moore BB, Miller SD, Shea LD. Design of biodegradable nanoparticles to modulate phenotypes of antigen-presenting cells for antigen-specific treatment of autoimmune disease. Biomaterials 2019; 222:119432. [PMID: 31480002 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2019.119432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2019] [Revised: 07/18/2019] [Accepted: 08/14/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Current therapeutic options for autoimmune diseases, such as multiple sclerosis (MS), often require lifelong treatment with immunosuppressive drugs, yet strategies for antigen-specific immunomodulation are emerging. Biodegradable particles loaded with disease-specific antigen, either alone or with immunomodulators, have been reported to ameliorate disease. Herein, we hypothesized that the carrier could impact polarization of the immune cells that associate with particles and the subsequent disease progression. Single injection of three polymeric carriers, 50:50 poly (DL-lactide-co-glycolide) (PLG) with two molecular weights (Low, High) and poly (DL-lactide) (PLA), loaded with the disease-specific antigen, proteolipid protein (PLP139-151), were investigated for the ability to attenuate clinical scores in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), a mouse model of MS. At a low particle dose, mice treated with PLA-based particles had significantly lower clinical scores at the chronic stage of the disease over 200 days post immunization, while neither PLG-based particles nor OVA control particles reduced the clinical scores. Compared to PLG-based particles, PLA-based particles were largely associated with Kupffer cells and liver sinusoidal endothelial cells, which had a reduced co-stimulatory molecule expression that correlated with a reduction of CD4+ T-cell populations in the central nervous system. Delivery of PLA-based particles encapsulated with higher levels of PLP139-151 at a reduced dose were able to completely ameliorate EAE over 200 days along with inhibition of Th1 and Th17 polarization. Collectively, our study demonstrates that the carrier properties and antigen loading determine phenotypes of immune cells in the peripheral organs, influencing the amelioration of both acute and chronic stages of autoimmunity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eiji Saito
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Robert Kuo
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Kevin R Kramer
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Nishant Gohel
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - David A Giles
- Graduate Program in Immunology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48105, USA
| | - Bethany B Moore
- Department of Immunology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48105, USA
| | - Stephen D Miller
- Department of Microbiology-Immunology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA; Chemistry of Life Processes Institute (CLP), Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA; The Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center of Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA.
| | - Lonnie D Shea
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA; Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Liu J, Zhang R, Xu ZP. Nanoparticle-Based Nanomedicines to Promote Cancer Immunotherapy: Recent Advances and Future Directions. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2019; 15:e1900262. [PMID: 30908864 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201900262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2019] [Revised: 02/21/2019] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Cancer immunotherapy is a promising cancer terminator by directing the patient's own immune system in the fight against this challenging disorder. Despite the monumental therapeutic potential of several immunotherapy strategies in clinical applications, the efficacious responses of a wide range of immunotherapeutic agents are limited in virtue of their inadequate accumulation in the tumor tissue and fatal side effects. In the last decades, increasing evidences disclose that nanotechnology acts as an appealing solution to address these technical barriers via conferring rational physicochemical properties to nanomaterials. In this Review, an imperative emphasis will be drawn from the current understanding of the effect of a nanosystem's structure characteristics (e.g., size, shape, surface charge, elasticity) and its chemical modification on its transport and biodistribution behavior. Subsequently, rapid-moving advances of nanoparticle-based cancer immunotherapies are summarized from traditional vaccine strategies to recent novel approaches, including delivery of immunotherapeutics (such as whole cancer cell vaccines, immune checkpoint blockade, and immunogenic cell death) and engineered immune cells, to regulate tumor microenvironment and activate cellular immunity. The future prospects may involve in the rational combination of a few immunotherapies for more efficient cancer inhibition and elimination.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jianping Liu
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Run Zhang
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Zhi Ping Xu
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Intravascular innate immune cells reprogrammed via intravenous nanoparticles to promote functional recovery after spinal cord injury. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2019; 116:14947-14954. [PMID: 31285339 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1820276116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Traumatic primary spinal cord injury (SCI) results in paralysis below the level of injury and is associated with infiltration of hematogenous innate immune cells into the injured cord. Methylprednisolone has been applied to reduce inflammation following SCI, yet was discontinued due to an unfavorable risk-benefit ratio associated with off-target effects. In this study, i.v. administered poly(lactide-coglycolide) nanoparticles were internalized by circulating monocytes and neutrophils, reprogramming these cells based on their physicochemical properties and not by an active pharmaceutical ingredient, to exhibit altered biodistribution, gene expression, and function. Approximately 80% of nanoparticle-positive immune cells were observed within the injury, and, additionally, the overall accumulation of innate immune cells at the injury was reduced 4-fold, coinciding with down-regulated expression of proinflammatory factors and increased expression of antiinflammatory and proregenerative genes. Furthermore, nanoparticle administration induced macrophage polarization toward proregenerative phenotypes at the injury and markedly reduced both fibrotic and gliotic scarring 3-fold. Moreover, nanoparticle administration with the implanted multichannel bridge led to increased numbers of regenerating axons, increased myelination with about 40% of axons myelinated, and an enhanced locomotor function (score of 6 versus 3 for control group). These data demonstrate that nanoparticles provide a platform that limits acute inflammation and tissue destruction, at a favorable risk-benefit ratio, leading to a proregenerative microenvironment that supports regeneration and functional recovery. These particles may have applications to trauma and potentially other inflammatory diseases.
Collapse
|