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Fernandes JB, Contreras SM, da Silva Spinola M, Batista GR, Bresciani E, Caneppele TMF. Do bioactive materials show greater retention rates in restoring permanent teeth than non-bioactive materials? A systematic review and network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Clin Oral Investig 2023; 28:44. [PMID: 38153565 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-023-05414-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/29/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To answer the following research question: does the clinical evaluation of restorations on permanent teeth with bioactive materials show greater retention rates than those with non-bioactive materials? MATERIALS AND METHODS A search strategy was used in the following databases: MEDLINE via PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, LILACS, BBO, Embase, The Cochrane Library, and OpenGrey. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs), with a minimum of 2-year follow-up and evaluating at least one bioactive material in permanent teeth were included. Risk of bias was detected according to the Cochrane Collaboration tool for assessing the risk of bias (RoB 2.0), and network meta-analysis was performed using a random-effects Bayesian-mixed treatment comparison model. RESULTS Twenty-seven studies were included. The success of the restorations was assessed using modified USPHS system in 24 studies and the FDI criteria in 3 studies. Network meta-analysis revealed three networks based on restoration preparations. Resin composites were ranked with higher SUCRA values, indicating a greater likelihood of being the preferred treatment for class I, II, and III restorations. In class V, resin-modified glass ionomer cement was ranked with the highest value. CONCLUSION Bioactive restorative materials showed similar good clinical performance in terms of retention similarly to conventional resin composites. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE The findings must be interpreted with caution because many RCT on restorative materials aim to verify the equivalence of new materials over the gold standard material rather than their superiority. The present systematic review also suggests that new RCT with longer follow-up periods are necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliana Benace Fernandes
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, São Paulo State University - UNESP, Avenida Engenheiro Francisco José Longo, 777, São José Dos Campos, Brazil
| | - Sheila Mondragón Contreras
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, São Paulo State University - UNESP, Avenida Engenheiro Francisco José Longo, 777, São José Dos Campos, Brazil
| | | | - Graziela Ribeiro Batista
- A.T. Still University, Missouri School of Dentistry, 500 W Jefferson St, Kirksville, Missouri, USA
| | - Eduardo Bresciani
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, São Paulo State University - UNESP, Avenida Engenheiro Francisco José Longo, 777, São José Dos Campos, Brazil
| | - Taciana Marco Ferraz Caneppele
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, São Paulo State University - UNESP, Avenida Engenheiro Francisco José Longo, 777, São José Dos Campos, Brazil.
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Comparative Evaluation of Bond Strength and Microleakage of Three Ion-Releasing Restorative Materials at Various pH Levels. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/app12136796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was a comparison of the micro-tensile bond strength (μTBS) to dentin and microleakage of in vitro class V restorations of three different ion-releasing restorative materials under various pH conditions: giomer, a resin-modified glass ionomer (RMGI), and a new alkasite material. A μTBS test was performed using a universal testing machine, immediately and after storage at different pH (4, 7, and 10) buffer solutions (n = 15) over 24 h, and the failure mode was analyzed. For microleakage analysis, class V restorations were performed on extracted premolars, which were sectioned and stored in pH 4-, 7-, and 10-buffered fluorescent 0.02% rhodamine B dye. The specimens were observed under a confocal laser scanning microscope (CLSM) and scored using the acquired images. There were no significant differences in the μTBS according to the type of material (p = 0.518). The giomer showed a decreased bond strength under the pH 4 condition compared with the immediately tested or pH 7-stored specimens (p ≤ 0.043). In the microleakage analysis, the class V restoration with giomer showed a higher microleakage than RMGI or alkasite (p = 0.001). For RMGI and alkasite, the specimens stored at pH 4 showed a significantly lower microleakage than those stored at pH 7 (p = 0.028). RMGI and alkasite can be adopted as restorative materials in generalized or localized low-pH conditions.
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Impact of head and neck radiotherapy on the longevity of dental adhesive restorations: A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Prosthet Dent 2021; 128:886-896. [DOI: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2021.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2019] [Revised: 02/02/2021] [Accepted: 02/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Ali S, Sangi L, Kumar N, Kumar B, Khurshid Z, Zafar MS. Evaluating antibacterial and surface mechanical properties of chitosan modified dental resin composites. Technol Health Care 2021; 28:165-173. [PMID: 31594266 DOI: 10.3233/thc-181568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The antibacterial properties are beneficial and desired for dental restorative composite materials. The incorporation of various antimicrobial agents into resin composites may compromise their physical and mechanical properties hence limiting their applications. OBJECTIVE The aim of the current study is to evaluate the antibacterial activity and the hardness of microhybrid and flowable resin based composites (RBCs) modified using novel antimicrobial agent chitosan (CS). METHODS The antibacterial activity of microhybrid and flowable RBCs modified with 0, 0.25, 0.5 and 1% w/w chitosan (CS) against Actinomyces viscous bacteria was explored using agar diffusion test and direct contact methods. The hardness of control and experimental RBCs was determined by Vickers hardness (VH) tester. RESULTS The results revealed that control and experimental flowable and microhybrid RBCs did not demonstrate growth inhibition zone in the lawn growth of Actinomyces viscous. The direct contact test revealed that colony forming unit (CFU) count of Actinomyces viscous was comparable among the experimental and control materials. The flowable RBCs containing 1% CS had significantly higher VH compared to control and other experimental flowable RBC groups. The microhybrid RBCs consisting of 0.50% CS exhibited significantly higher VH compared to experimental microhybrid RBC group containing 1% CS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahid Ali
- Department of Science of Dental Materials, Bibi Aseefa Dental College, Shaheed Mohtarma Benazir Bhutto Medical University, Larkana, Pakistan
| | - Laila Sangi
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Institute of Dentistry, Liaquat University of Medical and Health Sciences, Jamshoro, Pakistan
| | - Naresh Kumar
- Department of Science of Dental Materials, Dow International Dental College, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Bharat Kumar
- Department of Prosthodontics, Dow International Dental College, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Zohaib Khurshid
- Department of Prosthodontics and Dental Biomaterials, College of Dentistry, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad S Zafar
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, College of Dentistry, Taibah University, Madinah Al Munawwarah, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Dental Material, RIPHAH International University, Islamabad, Pakistan
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Swift E, Feiz A, Sajedi M, Jafari N. Evaluation of microleakage in Class II composite restorations: Bonded-base and bulk-fill techniques. Dent Res J (Isfahan) 2021. [DOI: 10.4103/1735-3327.328757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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Luddin N, Moheet I, Rahman I, Masudi S, Kannan T, Abd Ghani NR. Microleakage evaluation of novel nano-hydroxyapatite-silica glass ionomer cement. J Int Oral Health 2019. [DOI: 10.4103/jioh.jioh_132_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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Luong E, Shayegan A. Assessment of microleakage of class V restored by resin composite and resin-modified glass ionomer and pit and fissure resin-based sealants following Er:YAG laser conditioning and acid etching: in vitro study. Clin Cosmet Investig Dent 2018; 10:83-92. [PMID: 29881311 PMCID: PMC5985794 DOI: 10.2147/ccide.s153989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim The aim of this study was to make a comparison between microleakage of conventionally restored class V cavities using acid etchant and the ones conditioned by erbium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet (Er:YAG) laser, and also to assess and compare the effectiveness of enamel surface treatments of occlusal pits and fissures by acid etching and conditioned by Er:YAG laser-etch. Materials and methods Seventy-two extracted third molars were used in this study. The samples were divided into two major groups: class V cavities and pit and fissure sealants. Each subgroup was divided into conventional acid etching, Er:YAG laser conditioning and conventional acid etching, and combination with Er:YAG laser conditioning (n=12). The teeth were placed in 2% methylene blue dye solution, were sectioned, and were evaluated according to the dye penetration criteria. Two samples per subgroup were chosen for scanning electron microscopic (SEM) analysis. Results There was a significant difference between occlusal and cervical margin groups. Laser conventional composite cementum group showed more microleakage values compared to other groups. There was no significant difference between occlusal margin groups. However, there was a significant difference between cervical margin groups in terms of microleakage. In sealant groups, there was a significant difference between laser and conventional with/without laser treatment groups in terms of microleakage. Conclusion Based on the results reported in this study, it can be concluded that the application of the Er:YAG laser beneath the resin composite, the resin-modified glass ionomers (GIs), and the fissure sealant placement may be an alternative enamel and dentin etching method to acid etching.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilie Luong
- Department of Children and Adult Operative Dentistry, César de Paepe Hospital, Free University of Brussels, Bruxelles, Belgium
| | - Amir Shayegan
- Department of Children and Adult Operative Dentistry, Children's Hospital of Queen Fabiola, Free University of Brussels, Bruxelles, Belgium
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Sharafeddin F, Feizi N. Evaluation of the effect of adding micro-hydroxyapatite and nano-hydroxyapatite on the microleakage of conventional and resin-modified Glass-ionomer Cl V restorations. J Clin Exp Dent 2017; 9:e242-e248. [PMID: 28210443 PMCID: PMC5303325 DOI: 10.4317/jced.53216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2016] [Accepted: 07/18/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Pulpal reaction to restorative materials depends on marginal microleakage, which is a dynamic phenomenon that allows bacteria and fluids to traverse across the tooth-restoration interface. Glass-ionomer cement (GIC) exhibits low microleakage due to direct bonding to tooth structures. Hydroxyapatite (HAP) based on the similarity with tooth structure may decrease the microleakage. The aim of this in vitro study was to evaluate marginal microleakage of a mixture of conventional and resin-modified glass-ionomer (RMGI) with micro- and nano-HAP. Material and Methods In this in vitro study, 30 non-carious extracted human third molar teeth were used. Standard Cl V cavities were prepared on the buccal and lingual surfaces. The cavities were restored in six experimental groups as follows: group 1, conventional glass-ionomer cement (CGIC); group 2, CGIC with micro-HAP; group 3, CGIC with nano-HAP; group 4, RMGI; group 5, RMGI with micro-HAP; group 6, RMGI with nano-HAP. The restorations were finished and polished. The teeth were coated with nail polish, sealed with sticky wax, thermocycled and placed in a solution of 2% basic fuchsine for 24 hours. The teeth were sectioned and microleakage was measured. Kruskal-Wallis, Man-Whitney and Wilcoxon tests were used for data analysis (P<0.05). Results The data analysis revealed significantly lower microleakage in groups 5 and 6 at both occlusal and gingival margins. Also in these two groups the gingival microleakage was significantly lower than occlusal margin (P=0.009 and P=0.001 respectively), but in groups 1(CGIC) and 3(CGIC+ nano-HAP) and 4(RMGI) the microleakage of occlusal margin were significantly lower than that of gingival margin (P=0.001, P=0.007 and P=0.001 respectively). Conclusions Mixing RMGI with nano-HAP and micro-HAP resulted in lower microleakage. Key words:Glass-ionomer, micro-hydroxyapatite, microleakage, nano-hydroxyapatite.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farahnaz Sharafeddin
- Professor, Department of Operative Dentistry, Biomaterial Research Center, School of Dentistry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Negar Feizi
- Postgraduate Student, Department of Operative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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Siddiqui F, Karkare S. Sealing Ability of Nano-ionomer in Primary Teeth: An ex vivoStudy. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2016; 9:209-213. [PMID: 27843251 PMCID: PMC5086007 DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10005-1365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2016] [Accepted: 03/21/2016] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Microleakage is an important consideration in primary dentition because the floor of the cavity preparation may be close to the pulp. The added insult to the pulp caused by seepage of irritants around the restoration and through the thin dentin may produce irreversible pulp damage. Aim The objective of this study was to evaluate and compare the sealing ability of three light cured (LC) resin-modified glass-ionomer cements (RMGICs) in primary anterior teeth. Materials and methods Class V cavity was prepared on the labial surface of extracted primary anterior teeth which were then grouped and restored with Ketac N100, Fuji II LC, or Vitremer. Dye penetration test with methylene blue stain was used to record the microleakage. Depth of dye penetration was recorded in millimeters at the incisal and gingival margin using computer software. Results The depth of dye penetration at the incisal margin in the three groups was comparable, but at the gingival margin, Vitremer showed the least dye penetration, followed by Fuji II LC, and Ketac N100. The depth of dye penetration at the gingival margin was higher than the incisal margins in all the three groups. Conclusion Among the three RMGICs, Vitremer can be considered as the material of choice for restoring class V cavities in primary anterior teeth. Periodic recall and recare is necessary when any of the three materials are used in clinical practice. How to cite this article Siddiqui F, Karkare S. Sealing Ability of Nano-ionomer in Primary Teeth: An ex vivo Study. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2016;9(3):209-213.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fawaz Siddiqui
- Lecturer, Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Dr. D. Y. Patil Dental College & Hospital, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Swati Karkare
- Professor, Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, MGV’s KBH Dental College and Hospital, Nashik, Maharashtra, India
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Bollu IP, Hari A, Thumu J, Velagula LD, Bolla N, Varri S, Kasaraneni S, Nalli SVM. Comparative Evaluation of Microleakage Between Nano-Ionomer, Giomer and Resin Modified Glass Ionomer Cement in Class V Cavities- CLSM Study. J Clin Diagn Res 2016; 10:ZC66-70. [PMID: 27437363 DOI: 10.7860/jcdr/2016/18730.7798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2016] [Accepted: 04/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Marginal integrity of adhesive restorative materials provides better sealing ability for enamel and dentin and plays an important role in success of restoration in Class V cavities. Restorative material with good marginal adaptation improves the longevity of restorations. AIM Aim of this study was to evaluate microleakage in Class V cavities which were restored with Resin Modified Glass Ionomer Cement (RMGIC), Giomer and Nano-Ionomer. MATERIALS AND METHODS This in-vitro study was performed on 60 human maxillary and mandibular premolars which were extracted for orthodontic reasons. A standard wedge shaped defect was prepared on the buccal surfaces of teeth with the gingival margin placed near Cemento Enamel Junction (CEJ). Teeth were divided into three groups of 20 each and restored with RMGIC, Giomer and Nano-Ionomer and were subjected to thermocycling. Teeth were then immersed in 0.5% Rhodamine B dye for 48 hours. They were sectioned longitudinally from the middle of cavity into mesial and distal parts. The sections were observed under Confocal Laser Scanning Microscope (CLSM) to evaluate microleakage. Depth of dye penetration was measured in millimeters. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS The data was analysed using the Kruskal Wallis test. Pair wise comparison was done with Mann Whitney U Test. A p-value<0.05 is taken as statistically significant. RESULTS Nano-Ionomer showed less microleakage which was statistically significant when compared to Giomer (p=0.0050). Statistically no significant difference was found between Nano Ionomer and RMGIC (p=0.3550). There was statistically significant difference between RMGIC and Giomer (p=0.0450). CONCLUSION Nano-Ionomer and RMGIC showed significantly less leakage and better adaptation than Giomer and there was no statistically significant difference between Nano-Ionomer and RMGIC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Indira Priyadarshini Bollu
- Senior Lecturer, Department of Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics, St. Joseph Dental College & Hospital , Eluru, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Archana Hari
- Senior Lecturer, Department of Periodontics, St. Joseph Dental College & Hospital , Eluru, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Jayaprakash Thumu
- Professor and Head of Department, Department of Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics, St. Joseph Dental College & Hospital , Eluru, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Lakshmi Deepa Velagula
- Reader, Department of Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics, Lenora Institute of Dental Sciences , Rajahmundry, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Nagesh Bolla
- Professor and Head of Department, Department of Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics, Sibar Institute of Dental Sciences , Guntur, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Sujana Varri
- Professor, Department of Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics, Sibar Institute of Dental Sciences , Guntur, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Srikanth Kasaraneni
- Consultant, Oral & Maxillofacial Surgeon, Global Multispecialty Dental Care , Eluru, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Siva Venkata Malathi Nalli
- Senior Lecturer, Department of Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics, St. Joseph Dental College & Hospital , Eluru, Andhra Pradesh, India
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Kimyai S, Pournaghi-Azar F, Daneshpooy M, Abed Kahnamoii M, Davoodi F. Effect of two prophylaxis methods on marginal gap of Cl Vresin-modified glass-ionomer restorations. J Dent Res Dent Clin Dent Prospects 2016; 10:23-9. [PMID: 27092211 PMCID: PMC4831607 DOI: 10.15171/joddd.2016.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2014] [Accepted: 11/14/2015] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background. This study evaluated the effect of two prophylaxis techniques on the marginal gap of CI V resin-modified glass-ionomer restorations. Methods. Standard Cl V cavities were prepared on the buccal surfaces of 48 sound bovine mandibular incisors in this in vitro study. After restoration of the cavities with GC Fuji II LC resin-modified glass-ionomer, the samples were randomly assigned to 3 groups of 16. In group 1, the prophylactic procedures were carried out with rubber cup and pumice powder and in group 2 with air-powder polishing device (APD). In group 3 (control), the samples did not undergo any prophylactic procedures. Then the marginal gaps were measured. Two-way ANOVA was used to compare marginal gaps at the occlusal and gingival margins between the groups. Post hoc Tukey test was used for two-by-two comparisons. Statistical significance was set at P < 0.05. Results. There were significant differences in the means of marginal gaps in terms of prophylactic techniques (P < 0.001), with significantly larger marginal gaps in the APD group compared to the pumice and rubber cup group, which in turn exhibited significantly larger marginal gaps compared to the control group (P < 0.0005). In addition, the means of marginal gaps were significant in terms of the margin type (P < 0.001), with significantly larger gaps at gingival margins compared to the occlusal margins (P < 0.0005). Conclusion. The prophylactic techniques used in this study had a negative effect on the marginal gaps of Cl V resin-modified glass-ionomer restorations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soodabeh Kimyai
- Dental and Periodontal Research Center, Faculty of Dentistry, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Professor, Department of Operative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Pournaghi-Azar
- Assistant Professor, Department of Operative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mehdi Daneshpooy
- Assistant Professor, Department of Operative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mehdi Abed Kahnamoii
- Associate Professor, Department of Operative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Farnaz Davoodi
- Post-graduate student, Department of Operative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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Louwakul P, Lertchirakarn V. Response of Inflamed Pulps of Rat Molars after Capping with Pulp-capping Material Containing Fluocinolone Acetonide. J Endod 2015; 41:508-12. [DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2014.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2014] [Revised: 11/01/2014] [Accepted: 12/10/2014] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Hussein TA, Bakar WZW, Ghani ZA, Mohamad D. The assessment of surface roughness and microleakage of eroded tooth-colored dental restorative materials. J Conserv Dent 2014; 17:531-5. [PMID: 25506139 PMCID: PMC4252925 DOI: 10.4103/0972-0707.144585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2014] [Revised: 05/22/2014] [Accepted: 10/04/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives: To investigate the effect of acidic solution on surface roughness and microleakage of tooth-colored restorative materials. Materials and Methods: A 160 box-shaped cavities were prepared on the buccal surfaces of 160 human molars, and assigned to four groups: Group A restored with Ketac™ Molar Easymix, Group B with Fuji II™ LC, Group C with Ketac™ N100, and Group D with Filtek™ Z250, and subdivided into study and control groups (n = 20). Study groups were immersed in lemon juice (pH = 2.79) for 24 h, whilst controlgroups in deionized distilled water. All samples were immersed in 2% methylene blue dye, sectioned into two equal halves for surface roughness, and microleakage tests. Data were analyzed using Mann–Whitney and Kruskal–Wallis tests at P < 0.05. Results: There was a significant difference in surface roughness of Ketac™ Molar, Fuji II™ LC, and Ketac™ N100. No significant difference was found in microleakage of Ketac™ Molar and Fuji II™ LC; however, there were significant differences in the gingival margin of Ketac™ N100, and the occlusal margin of Filtek™ Z250. Conclusions: All glass ionomer cements were eroded after exposure to the acidic drink. Filtek™ Z250 and Ketac™ Molar Easymix showed more microleakage. All materials showed more microleakage at the gingival margins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thulfiqar Ali Hussein
- Conservative Unit, School of Dental Sciences, Health Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 16150 Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Wan Zaripah Wan Bakar
- Conservative Unit, School of Dental Sciences, Health Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 16150 Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Zuryati Ab Ghani
- Prosthodontic Unit, School of Dental Sciences, Health Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 16150 Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Dasmawati Mohamad
- Biomaterial Unit, School of Dental Sciences, Health Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 16150 Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
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Eronat N, Yilmaz E, Kara N, Ak AT. Comparative evaluation of microleakage of nano-filled resin-modified glass ionomer: An in vitro study. Eur J Dent 2014; 8:450-455. [PMID: 25512723 PMCID: PMC4253098 DOI: 10.4103/1305-7456.143615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: This in vitro study evaluated the microleakage of a nano-filled resin-modified glass ionomer and a high viscosity glass-ionomer restorations in class V cavities. Materials and Methods: Thirty-two class V cavities prepared on the buccal and lingual surfaces of 16 sound, third molar teeth were randomly assigned into two groups and restored by one of the glass ionomer material; Group A: A high viscosity (Ketac Molar, 3M ESPE) Group B: A nano-filled resin-modified (Ketac N100, 3M ESPE) glass ionomer. One clinician prepared all the cavities. The materials were used according to the manufacturers’ recommendations. The restored teeth were then stored in distilled water at 37°C for 24 h, thermocycled at 5-55°C for 1000 cycles. The specimens were immersed in aqueous solution of Indian ink dye for 48 h at room temperature. They were embedded in resin polyester and sectioned longitudinally in a buccolingual direction. Microleakage was assessed according to the depth of dye penetration along the restoration. The extent of dye penetration at the occlusal and gingival margins was assessed using a stereo microscope. Randomly selected samples from each group were prepared for scanning electron microscope evaluation. The data were statistically analyzed with Friedman and Wilcoxon signed ranks tests. Results: There were statistically significant differences between the microleakage scores of the two groups for both occlusal and gingival scores (P = 0.001). Occlusal and gingival scores for high viscosity glass ionomer (P = 0.024) and nanoionomer (P = 0.021) using Wilcoxon signed ranks tests showed statistically significant differences. High viscosity glass ionomer showed significantly less microleakage compared to the nano-filled resin-modified glass-ionomer (RMGIs) at occlusal margin (P = 0.001). No significant differences were found between the groups at gingival margin (P = 0.0317). Conclusion: Within the limitations of this in vitro study, nano-filled RMGIs restorations did not perform better than high viscosity glass ionomer in class V cavities in terms of microleakage assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nesrin Eronat
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dental, Ege University, Izmir, Turkiye
| | - Emir Yilmaz
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dental, Ege University, Izmir, Turkiye
| | - Nazan Kara
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dental, Ege University, Izmir, Turkiye
| | - Asli Topaloglu Ak
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dental, Ege University, Izmir, Turkiye
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Composition-structure-property relationships for non-classical ionomer cements formulated with zinc-boron germanium-based glasses. J Biomater Appl 2014; 29:1203-17. [DOI: 10.1177/0885328214557906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Non-classical ionomer glasses like those based on zinc-boron-germanium glasses are of special interest in a variety of medical applications owning to their unique combination of properties and potential therapeutic efficacy. These features may be of particular benefit with respect to the utilization of glass ionomer cements for minimally invasive dental applications such as the atruamatic restorative treatment, but also for expanded clinical applications in orthopedics and oral-maxillofacial surgery. A unique system of zinc-boron-germanium-based glasses (10 compositions in total) has been designed using a Design of Mixtures methodology. In the first instance, ionomer glasses were examined via differential thermal analysis, X-ray diffraction, and 11B MAS NMR spectroscopy to establish fundamental composition – structure-property relationships for the unique system. Secondly, cements were synthesized based on each glass and handling characteristics (working time, Wt, and setting time, St) and compression strength were quantified to facilitate the development of both experimental and mathematical composition-structure-property relationships for the new ionomer cements. The novel glass ionomer cements were found to provide Wt, St, and compression strength in the range of 48–132 s, 206–602 s, and 16–36 MPa, respectively, depending on the ZnO/GeO2 mol fraction of the glass phase. A lower ZnO mol fraction in the glass phase provides higher glass transition temperature, higher N4 rate, and in combination with careful modulation of GeO2 mol fraction in the glass phase provides a unique approach to extending the Wt and St of glass ionomer cement without compromising (in fact enhancing) compression strength. The data presented in this work provide valuable information for the formulation of alternative glass ionomer cements for applications within and beyond the dental clinic, especially where conventional approaches to modulating working time and strength exhibit co-dependencies (i.e. the enhancement of one property comes at the expense of the other) and therefore limit development strategies.
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Morresi AL, D'Amario M, Capogreco M, Gatto R, Marzo G, D'Arcangelo C, Monaco A. Thermal cycling for restorative materials: Does a standardized protocol exist in laboratory testing? A literature review. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2014; 29:295-308. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2013.09.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2013] [Revised: 09/15/2013] [Accepted: 09/21/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Chen JW, Fletcher B, Roggenkamp CL. Experimental initial partial polymerization method for Fuji II placement evaluated for microleakage with/without Fuji Coat. Oper Dent 2013; 38:528-38. [PMID: 23391035 DOI: 10.2341/12-336-l] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE This laboratory study evaluated an experimental 1-second initial partial polymerization (IPP) technique using Fuji II LC vs the manufacturer's standard placement (control), both with and without Fuji Coat, relative to microleakage. METHODS Class V restorative preparations were placed on the buccal and lingual aspects of 30 permanent, caries-free and restoration-free, third molar teeth. Fuji II LC restorations were placed either following manufacturer-specified guidelines or IPP for 1 second prior to contouring and full light curing. Half of the restorations were placed using the IPP experimental technique and half of the teeth were finished using Fuji Coat LC. Following thermocycling, specimens were sectioned and dye penetration was measured. SPSS 16 was used for statistical analysis (p<0.05). RESULTS Mean microleakage results: experimental/varnish (0.08 ± 0.15 mm), control/varnish (0.17 ± 0.35 mm), experimental/nonvarnish (0.33 ± 0.33 mm), and control/nonvarnish (0.58 ± 0.47 mm). Univariate analysis of variance demonstrated significantly less microleakage for the experimental technique (p<0.001), use of finishing varnish (p<0.001), and the combination of experimental/varnish (p=0.013). CONCLUSIONS The initial partial polymerization technique of Fuji II LC placement significantly reduces microleakage. Fuji Coat LC results in further diminished microleakage.
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Rekha CV, Varma B, Jayanthi. Comparative evaluation of tensile bond strength and microleakage of conventional glass ionomer cement, resin modified glass ionomer cement and compomer: An in vitro study. Contemp Clin Dent 2013; 3:282-7. [PMID: 23293482 PMCID: PMC3532789 DOI: 10.4103/0976-237x.103619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM The purpose of this study was to evaluate and compare the tensile bond strength and microleakage of Fuji IX GP, Fuji II LC, and compoglass and to compare bond strength with degree of microleakage exhibited by the same materials. MATERIALS AND METHODS Occlusal surfaces of 96 noncarious primary teeth were ground perpendicular to long axis of the tooth. Preparations were distributed into three groups consisting of Fuji IX GP, Fuji II LC and Compoglass. Specimens were tested for tensile bond strength by mounting them on Instron Universal Testing Machine. Ninety-six primary molars were treated with Fuji IX GP, Fuji II LC, and compoglass on box-only prepared proximal surface. Samples were thermocycled, stained with dye, sectioned, and scored for microleakage under stereomicroscope. ANOVA and Bonferrani correction test were done for comparisons. Pearson Chi-square test and regression analysis were done to assess the association between the parameters. RESULTS Compoglass showed highest tensile strength and Fuji II LC showed least microleakage. There was a significant difference between the three groups in tensile strength and microleakage levels. The correlation between tensile strength and microleakage level in each group showed that there was a significant negative correlation only in Group 3. CONCLUSION Fuji II LC and compoglass can be advocated in primary teeth because of their superior physical properties when compared with Fuji IX GP.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Vishnu Rekha
- Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Sree Balaji Dental College and Hospital, Chennai, India
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Singla R, Bogra P, Singal B. Comparative evaluation of traditional and self-priming hydrophilic resin. J Conserv Dent 2012; 15:233-6. [PMID: 22876008 PMCID: PMC3410331 DOI: 10.4103/0972-0707.97944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2011] [Revised: 11/14/2011] [Accepted: 03/28/2012] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The purpose of this study was to compare the microleakage of traditional composite (Charisma/Gluma Comfort Bond) and self-priming resin (Embrace Wetbond). Materials and Methods: Standardized Class V cavities partly in enamel and cementum were prepared in 20 extracted human premolars. Teeth were divided into two groups. Group 1 was restored with Charisma/Gluma Comfort Bond and Group 2 with Embrace Wetbond. The specimens were stored in distilled water at room temperature for 24 h and then subjected to 200 thermocycles at 5°C and 55°C with a 1 min dwell time. After thermocycling teeth were immersed in a 0.2% solution of methylene blue dye for 24 h. Teeth were sectioned vertically approximately midway through the facial and lingual surfaces using a diamond saw blade. Microleakage was evaluated at enamel and cementum surfaces using 10 × stereomicroscope. The statistical analysis was performed using Wilcoxon signed-rank test. Results: Wetbond showed less microleakage at occlusal and gingival margins as compared with Charisma/Gluma Comfort Bond and the results were statistically significant (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Class V cavities restored with Embrace Wetbond with fewer steps and fewer materials offers greater protection against microleakage at the tooth restorative interface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruchi Singla
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Dr. H.S.J. Institute of Dental Sciences and Hospital, Chandigarh, India
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Yadav G, Rehani U, Rana V. A Comparative Evaluation of Marginal Leakage of Different Restorative Materials in Deciduous Molars: An in vitro Study. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2012; 5:101-7. [PMID: 25206147 PMCID: PMC4148735 DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10005-1145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2011] [Accepted: 12/20/2011] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Context: Microleakage around dental restorative materials is a major problem in clinical dentistry. Inspite of many new restorative materials available in the market very few actually bond to the tooth surface. Aims: The aims of this study were: (1) To evaluate and compare the marginal leakage of newer restorative materials viz colored compomer, ormocer, giomer and RMGIC in class I restoration of deciduous molars. (2) To compare the microleakage scores between the groups of: Colored compomer and ormocer, giomer and RMGIC, ormocer with giomer and RMGIC, giomer with RMGIC. Materials and methods: A total of 40 primary molars were randomly divided into four groups of 10 each. Class I cavities were prepared and the cavities were restored with colored compomer (Group A), Ormocer (Group B), Giomer (Group C) and RMGIC (Group D). The teeth were thermocycled and subjected to 0.5% basic fuchsin dye penetration followed by sectioning. The cut sections were evaluated under a stereomicroscope and the data was subjected to statistical analysis. Statistical analysis used: Mann-Whitney U test and Student t-test. Results: No significant difference was observed when colored compomer was compared to ormocer, giomer and RMGIC. Ormocer showed significantly lower microleakage when compared to giomer. However, no significant difference was observed when ormocer was compared to RMGIC. No significant difference between giomer and RMGIC was found. Conclusion: Ormocer has proven to be an excellent restorative material as it showed least microleakage followed by colored compomer, giomer and RMGIC in increasing order. How to cite this article: Yadav G, Rehani U, Rana V. A Comparative Evaluation of Marginal Leakage of Different Restorative Materials in Deciduous Molars: An in vitro Study . Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2012;5(2):101-107.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gunjan Yadav
- Senior Lecturer, Department of Pedodontics, Sardar Patel Post Graduate Institute of Dental and Medical Sciences, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India, e-mail:
| | - Usha Rehani
- Ex-Professor and Head, Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Subharti Dental College, Meerut, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Vivek Rana
- Associate Professor, Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Subharti Dental College, Meerut, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Srivastava B, Bhatia HP, Chaudhary V, Aggarwal A, Kumar Singh A, Gupta N. Comparative Evaluation of Oral Candida albicans Carriage in Children with and without Dental Caries: A Microbiological in vivo Study. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2012; 5:108-12. [PMID: 25206148 PMCID: PMC4148750 DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10005-1146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2011] [Accepted: 12/28/2011] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM The aim of this study was to examine the presence of Candida albicans in extensive carious lesions before and after treatment of the carious lesions and to evaluate the carriage of Candida albicans in children with and without caries. MATERIALS AND METHODS The study was conducted on 60 childrens who were divided into two groups: Experimental group (group 1) and controlled group (group 2). Each group was further divided into 3 subgroups according to the dentition as: Group A (Deciduous), group B (Mixed) and group C (Permanent). Swab samples for mycological studies were collected from the dorsum of the tongue, vestibular sulcus and peak of the palatal vault. All samples were cultured directly on SDA plate (Sabouraud's dextrose agar). Number of Candida colonies was determined by counting colony forming unit on SDA plates. Further identification of Candida albicans was done by germ-tube test and corn-meal agar. RESULT Overall prevalence of Candida albicans carriage was significantly higher and mean value of Candida albicans CFU (colony forming unit) was remarkably higher in group 1 (experimental group) as compare to group 2 (control group). Significant reduction in the frequency and mean value of Candida albicans CFU/plate was seen in children after treatment of carious lesions. CONCLUSION This study supports the active role of Candida species in dental caries. Hence, Candida albicans may play an important role as a risk factor for dental caries. It was also seen that the oral environment stabilization procedures were able to reduce Candida albicans counts. Thus, these procedures can be considered efficient in the reduction of caries risk. How to cite this article: Srivastava B, Bhatia HP, Chaudhary V, Aggarwal A, Singh AK, Gupta N. Comparative Evaluation of Oral Candida albicans Carriage in Children with and without Dental Caries: A Microbiological in vivo Study. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2012;5(2):108-112.
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Affiliation(s)
- Binita Srivastava
- Professor and Head, Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry Santosh Dental College and Hospital, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Hind Pal Bhatia
- Professor, Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry Santosh Dental College and Hospital, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh India
| | - Visuja Chaudhary
- Postgraduate Student, Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Santosh Dental College and Hospital, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India, e-mail:
| | - Archana Aggarwal
- Additional Professor, Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Santosh Dental College and Hospital, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Ashish Kumar Singh
- Reader, Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics Sardar Patel Post Graduate Institute of Dental Sciences, Lucknow Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Nidhi Gupta
- Senior Lecturer, Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry Santosh Dental College and Hospital, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Trehan M, Agarwal S, Sharma S. Applicability of Bolton's Analysis: A Study on Jaipur Population. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2012; 5:113-7. [PMID: 25206149 PMCID: PMC4148737 DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10005-1147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2011] [Accepted: 01/24/2012] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
This study was undertaken to compare the Bolton's anterior and overall ratios among males and females in Jaipur population. One hundred study models (50 males and 50 females) of orthodontic patients were randomly selected from the Department of Orthodontics, Mahatma Gandhi Dental College, Jaipur. The normative data for the mesiodistal widths of males and females were established and the anterior and overall ratios were obtained for both males and females. It was observed that were no significant differences in both the ratios in males and females. Hence, both the ratios were obtained for the sample as a whole. These ratios were found to be similar to the Boltons standard with no significant differences. Therefore, it can be concluded that Boltons standards can be applied to this population irrespective of sex or ethnic background. How to cite this article: Trehan M, Agarwal S, Sharma S. Applicability of Bolton's Analysis: A Study on Jaipur Population. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2012;5(2):113-117.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mridula Trehan
- Professor and Head, Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Mahatma Gandhi Dental College and Hospital, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India, e-mail:
| | - Sonahita Agarwal
- Senior Lecturer, Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Mahatma Gandhi Dental College and Hospital, Jaipur Rajasthan, India
| | - Sunil Sharma
- Principal, Professor and Head, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Mahatma Gandhi Dental College and Hospital, Jaipur Rajasthan, India
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Singla T, Pandit IK, Srivastava N, Gugnani N, Gupta M. An evaluation of microleakage of various glass ionomer based restorative materials in deciduous and permanent teeth: An in vitro study. Saudi Dent J 2011; 24:35-42. [PMID: 23960526 DOI: 10.1016/j.sdentj.2011.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2011] [Revised: 08/19/2011] [Accepted: 10/22/2011] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM To evaluate the microleakage of recently available glass ionomer based restorative materials (GC Fuji IX GP, GC Fuji VII, and Dyract) and compare their microleakage with the previously existing glass ionomer restorative materials (GC Fuji II LC) in primary and permanent teeth. METHOD One hundred and fifty (75 + 75) non-carious deciduous and permanent teeth were restored with glass ionomer based restorative materials after making class I cavities. Samples were subjected to thermocycling after storing in distilled water for 24 h. Two coats of nail polish were applied 1 mm short of restorative margins and samples sectioned buccolingually after storing in methylene blue dye for 24 h. Microleakage was assessed using stereomicroscope. RESULT Significant differences (P < 0.05) were found when inter group comparisons were done. Except when GC Fuji VII (Group III) was compared with GC Fuji II LC (Group II) and Dyract (Group IV), non-significant differences (P > 0.05) were observed. It was found that there was no statistically significant difference when the means of microleakage of primary teeth were compared with those of permanent teeth. CONCLUSIONS GC Fuji IX GP showed maximum microleakage and GC Fuji VII showed least microleakage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teena Singla
- Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, SGRD Dental College, Amritsar, India
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Vicente A, Ortiz AJ, Parra PL, Calvo JL, Chiva F. Microleakage in class V composite and compomer restorations following exposure to a colutory prescribed for the treatment of xerostomy. Odontology 2011; 99:49-54. [DOI: 10.1007/s10266-010-0149-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2010] [Accepted: 06/26/2010] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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C Maganur PD, Prabhakar AR, S S, Namineni S. Evaluation of Microleakage of RMGIC and Flowable Composite Immersed in Soft Drink and Fresh Fruit Juice: An in vitro Study. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2010; 3:153-61. [PMID: 27616837 PMCID: PMC4993821 DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10005-1071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2010] [Accepted: 08/26/2010] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim : The objective of the study was to evaluate and compare the effect of a soft drink and a fresh fruit juice on the microleakage of flowable composite and resin modified glass lonomer cement (RMGIC). Methods and materials : 70 non-carious human premolars were collected and stored in saline until further use. Class-V cavities were prepared and restored with RMGIC on the buccal surface and flowable composite on the lingual surface for evaluating microleakage. The experimental groups (Group I and II ) comprised of 60 teeth, while the remaining 10 formed the control group (Group III―Water). The experimental groups were further divided into 2 groups (Group I―Cola drink and Group II―Fresh orange fruit juice) of 30 teeth each. Each group was then further divided into 3 subgroups (Short, Medium and Long-immersion) containing 10 teeth as shown in flow chart. Immersion regime was followed according to Maupome G et al and microleakage was evaluated by using Rhodamine B dye and examined under stereomicroscope. Results : Microleakage data obtained was statistically analyzed by Chi-square test. The teeth showed statistically significant microleakage as the immersion regime increased. Interpretation and Conclusion : Low pH soft drink caused highly significant microleakage at the tooth and restorative material interface in medium and high immersion regimes signifying that the leakage pattern was directly proportional to the number of immersions. Thus, the study conclusively proves that the ‘sipping habit’ associated with commonly available low pH beverages is detrimental to the longevity of restorations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prabha Devi C Maganur
- Ex-Postgraduate Student, Department of Pedodontics, Bapuji Dental College, Davangere, Karnataka, India
| | - A R Prabhakar
- Professor and Head, Department of Pedodontics, Bapuji Dental College, Davangere, Karnataka, India
| | - Sugandhan S
- Professor, Department of Pedodontics, Bapuji Dental College, Davangere, Karnataka, India
| | - Srinivas Namineni
- Professor, Department of Pedodontics, Bapuji Dental College, Davangere, Karnataka, India
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Fagundes TC, Toledano M, Navarro MFL, Osorio R. Resistance to degradation of resin-modified glass-ionomer cements dentine bonds. J Dent 2009; 37:342-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2009.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2008] [Revised: 12/29/2008] [Accepted: 01/06/2009] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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Delmé KI, Deman PJ, De Bruyne MA, De Moor RJG. Microleakage of Four Different Restorative Glass Ionomer Formulations in Class V Cavities: Er:YAG Laser versus Conventional Preparation. Photomed Laser Surg 2008; 26:541-9. [DOI: 10.1089/pho.2007.2227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Katleen I.M. Delmé
- Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontology, Ghent Dental Laser Center, Dental School, Ghent University, Gent, Belgium
| | - Peter J. Deman
- Dentist in private practice, Sint-Pieters-Leeuw, Belgium
| | - Mieke A.A. De Bruyne
- Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontology, Ghent Dental Laser Center, Dental School, Ghent University, Gent, Belgium
| | - Roeland J. G. De Moor
- Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontology, Ghent Dental Laser Center, Dental School, Ghent University, Gent, Belgium
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Clinical evaluation of a polyacid-modified resin composite (Dyract) in class V carious lesions: 5-year results. Clin Oral Investig 2007; 12:157-63. [PMID: 17968599 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-007-0156-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2007] [Accepted: 10/08/2007] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
This study evaluated the 5-year clinical performance of polyacid-modified resin composite, Dyract (DeTrey/Dentsply, Konstanz, Germany), restorations in class V carious lesions. Ninety-two class V carious lesions in 28 patients were restored with Dyract. Restorations were clinically evaluated at baseline, 1-, 2-, 3-, 4-, and 5-year recalls and were evaluated according to the modified Ryge criteria by two experienced calibrated examiners in regard to color match, marginal discoloration, wear or loss of anatomical form, caries, marginal adaptation, and surface texture. The retention rate after 5 years compared to baseline in class V carious restorations was 84%, with only 12 restorations failing. Color change and marginal discoloration in restorations were found to be statistically significant (p = 0.0238 and p < 0.0001, respectively) at the end of the 5 years, but did not require replacement of any of the restorations. The results of this study revealed that at the end of 5 years, Dyract exhibited a clinically acceptable success rate but had significant color changes and marginal discoloration in class V carious lesions.
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Deliperi S, Bardwell DN, Wegley C. Restoration interface microleakage using one total-etch and three self-etch adhesives. Oper Dent 2007; 32:179-84. [PMID: 17427828 DOI: 10.2341/06-54] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
This study evaluated the efficacy of a total-etch and three self-etch adhesives in reducing microleakage after three months water storage and thermocycling. Thirty freshly extracted caries-free human premolars and molars were used. Class V standardized preparations were performed on the facial and lingual surfaces, with the gingival margin placed 1 mm below the CEJ. The teeth were randomly divided into four groups; Group I: Xeno III one-step self-etch adhesive (Dentsply/Caulk), Group II: Prime & Bond NT total-etch adhesive (Dentsply/Caulk), Group III: i-Bond one-step self-etch adhesive (Heraeus Kulzer) and Group IV: Clearfil SE Bond two-step self-etch adhesive (Kuraray Medical). The teeth were restored using 2 mm increments of shade A2 resin composite (Esthet-X, Dentsply/Caulk). Each layer was cured using the Spectrum 800 curing light (Dentsply/Caulk) for 20 seconds at 600mW/cm2. The teeth were stored in distilled water for 90 days. Samples were thermocycled 500x between 5 degrees C and 55 degrees C with a dwell time of 30 seconds, then placed in a 0.5% methylene blue dye solution for 24 hours at 37 degrees C. Samples were sectioned longitudinally and evaluated for microleakage at the occlusal and gingival margins under a stereomicroscope at 20x magnification. Dye penetration was scored: 0 = no penetration; 1 = partial dye penetration along the occlusal or gingival wall; 2 = dye penetration along the occlusal or gingival wall; 3 = dye penetration to and along the axial wall. A Mann-Whitney test was used to demonstrate significantly more dye penetration in Group III than in the other groups at both the occlusal and gingival scores (p < 0.0001). When comparing the occlusal and gingival scores for each group, the Wilcoxon Rank test showed no significant difference in dye penetration for Xeno III (p > 0.05), Prime & Bond NT (p = 0.059) and I Bond (p = 0.083), and Clearfil SE Bond yielded more dye penetration at the occlusal than at the gingival wall (p = 0.001).
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Affiliation(s)
- S Deliperi
- Tufts University School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, USA.
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Dewaele M, Asmussen E, Devaux J, Leloup G. Class II restorations: influence of a liner with rubbery qualities on the occurrence and size of cervical gaps. Eur J Oral Sci 2007; 114:535-41. [PMID: 17184237 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0722.2006.00407.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the ability of new rubbery liners, used as a cervical increment, to relieve contraction stress and thereby reduce the formation of cervical gaps in class II composite restorations. The investigated liners were made of polyester-acrylate (PE(1), PE(2) or PE(3)) or silicone-acrylate (S), mixed with UDMA, without (A, B, C, D) or with HEMA (AH, BH, CH, DH). A silanized filler was added to the mixture, DH, to give composites with 20, 40, 60, and 70% (w/w) of filler (DHF20, DHF40, DHF60, DHF70, respectively). The presence and width of cervical gaps were determined using a light microscope. Statistical analysis showed that six of the 12 rubbery liners (AH-DH, DHF20-DHF40) significantly decreased gap formation in comparison with the control group. In addition, the polymerization shrinkage, flow, and strain capacity of these liners were measured and the influence of these factors on gap formation was examined. Two- and three-dimensional regression analyses showed significantly negative linear correlations between gap formation and strain capacity, and between gap formation and flow, and a significantly positive linear correlation between gap formation and shrinkage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magali Dewaele
- Laboratory of Chemistry and Physics of High Polymers, Université Catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium.
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Deliperi S, Bardwell DN, Wegley C, Congiu MD. In Vitro Evaluation of Giomers Microleakage After Exposure to 33% Hydrogen Peroxide: Self-etch vs Total-etch Adhesives. Oper Dent 2006; 31:227-32. [PMID: 16827026 DOI: 10.2341/05-16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Clinical Relevance
Microleakage of a total-etch adhesive system was not influenced by the application of hydrogen peroxide; conversely, enamel dye penetration significantly increased for a self-etching primer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone Deliperi
- Tufts University School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, USA.
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Abstract
Dental practitioners are exposed to an increasing number of dental materials, which claim the benefits of fluoride release. The purpose of this paper is to critically review the literature of these materials. Glass ionomers, resin modified glass ionomers, compomers, resin composites, fissure sealants and amalgam are discussed. It is clear that a long-term measurable release of fluoride can be observed from certain restorative materials, in vitro, particularly glass ionomer cement, resin modified glass ionomer cement, fluoridated cements, fluoridated dental amalgam and certain fissure sealants. In general, the rate of fluoride release is not constant but exhibits a relatively rapid initial rate, which decreases with time. However, the fluoride release profiles may be dependent on specific formulation and on experimental design and sampling methods. These materials may feature greater longevity, a reduced incidence of marginal failure, an elevated concentration of fluoride in contingent plaque, together with an antibacterial action when compared with non-fluoride releasing materials. In addition, fluoride-releasing materials may perform better in caries inhibition in artificial caries model studies than non-fluoridated materials. While any, or all, of these anti-cariogenic effects may be associated with fluoride release, a direct relationship between fluoride release profiles and such effects has not been determined in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- F M Burke
- Dept. of Preventive Dentistry, University College, Cork, Ireland.
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Abuabara A, Santos AJSD, Aguiar FHB, Lovadino JR. Evaluation of microleakage in human, bovine and swine enamels. Braz Oral Res 2004; 18:312-6. [PMID: 16089262 DOI: 10.1590/s1806-83242004000400007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The suitability of bovine and swine teeth has been evaluated when they are used as substitutes for extracted human teeth in varied researches. This study evaluated in vitro the marginal microleakage in human, bovine and swine enamel. Cubic cavities (2 x 2 x 2 mm³) were prepared in enamel blocks from human, swine and bovine teeth. The cavities were filled with composite resin and conventional glass-ionomer cement. All the samples were thermocycled for 1,000 cycles (5 ± 2°C - 55 ± 2°C) and immersed in 2% methylene blue solution for 12 hours. The microleakage was quantified by a spectrophotometric technique. The results were statistically analyzed using ANOVA and Tukey's test. The glass-ionomer cement presented significantly higher leakage means (µg/ml ± SD) than the composite resin for all substrates (0.0695 ± 0.01313 vs. 0.0471 ± 0.0163, p < 0.01). No significant differences were found between bovine and swine enamel (0.0668 ± 0.0246 vs. 0.0674 ± 0.0286); however, both presented statistically higher leakage means than human enamel (0.0407 ± 0.0195, p < 0.01). It was concluded that the microleakage pattern was affected by substrates, and that bovine and swine substrates allow higher marginal leakage than human substrates. The results indicate there should be precaution in the substitution of human substrate in laboratory studies of microleakage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allan Abuabara
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry of Piracicaba, State University of Campinas
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Mujdeci A, Gokay O. The effect of airborne-particle abrasion on the shear bond strength of four restorative materials to enamel and dentin. J Prosthet Dent 2004; 92:245-9. [PMID: 15343159 DOI: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2004.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
STATEMENT OF PROBLEM The role of airborne-particle abrasion on the bond strength of restorative materials to enamel and dentin is controversial. PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of airborne-particle abrasion on the shear bond strengths of 4 restorative materials to enamel and dentin. MATERIAL AND METHODS One hundred twelve extracted human maxillary anterior teeth were divided into 2 groups of 56 teeth each. In the first group flat enamel surfaces were prepared, and in the second flat dentin surfaces were prepared. Half the teeth in each group (n=28) were airborne-particle abraded. The remaining 28 teeth in each group were prepared with silicone carbide paper (control). Specimens in both groups were divided into 4 subgroups (n=7). A composite, a compomer, a resin-modified glass ionomer cement, and a conventional glass ionomer cement were applied to enamel and dentin surfaces (3 mm diameter and 4 mm height). After 24 hours of storage in water, specimens were subjected to shear forces in a universal testing machine at a crosshead speed of 0.5 mm/min until fracture. Shear bond strength data (MPa) were analyzed with 3-way ANOVA and Tukey HSD tests (alpha=.05). RESULTS Airborne-particle-abraded specimens showed significantly higher shear bond strengths than control specimens. The 2-way interaction between tooth structure and restorative materials was significant. CONCLUSION The use of airborne-particle abrasion increased the shear bond strength of restorative materials tested to enamel and dentin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arzu Mujdeci
- Faculty of Dentistry, University of Ankara, Turkey.
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Cenci MS, Piva E, Potrich F, Formolo E, Demarco FF, Powers JM. Microleakage in bonded amalgam restorations using different adhesive materials. Braz Dent J 2004; 15:13-8. [PMID: 15322639 DOI: 10.1590/s0103-64402004000100003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to verify the ability of different adhesive materials to prevent microleakage in bonded amalgam restorations. Standard cavities were prepared in both buccal and lingual surfaces of 35 bovine incisors. The gingival wall was located in cementum/dentin and the occlusal wall in enamel. Teeth (n=35) were divided into 5 groups, according to material employed (one glass-ionomer cement, two resin cements, one adhesive system, and Copalex varnish as a control). Following restoration, the teeth were submitted to thermal cycling. The teeth were subsequently immersed in methylene blue dye and sectioned to allow assessment of microleakage. Non-parametric statistical analysis indicated that all materials demonstrated less leakage than the control group (p<0.01). No leakage was found using the resin-modified glass-ionomer cement, which was significantly different from the other adhesive materials (p<0.05). Leakage in enamel was lower than in cementum/dentin margins. It was concluded that bonded amalgam was an effective technique, since all materials prevented microleakage in enamel and cementum/dentin, when compared to the control group, except Panavia in cementum/dentin margins.
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Kramer PF, Pires LAG, Tovo MF, Kersting TC, Guerra S. Grau de infiltração marginal de duas técnicas restauradoras com cimento de ionômero de vidro em molares decíduos: estudo comparativo " in vitro. J Appl Oral Sci 2003; 11:114-9. [DOI: 10.1590/s1678-77572003000200006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2002] [Accepted: 03/13/2003] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
A técnica do condicionamento ácido e o desenvolvimento e aprimoramento de novos materiais restauradores com características adesivas têm levado a mudanças importantes nas concepções e nos princípios da dentística operatória e restauradora. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a microinfiltração marginal em cavidades proximais de molares decíduos restaurados com cimento de ionômero de vidro modificado por resina (Vitremer, 3M) comparando duas diferentes técnicas: a técnica convencional (conforme recomendações do fabricante) e a técnica de hibridização (ácido fosfórico-37% e sistema adesivo Scotchbond Multi-Uso, 3M ). Foram utilizados 20 molares decíduos hígidos, onde foram preparadas cavidades proximais. A amostra foi dividida aleatoriamente em 2 grupos. No grupo 1 foi utilizado a técnica convencional e no grupo 2 a técnica com condicionamento ácido e aplicação de sistema adesivo. Os dentes foram submetidos ao processo de ciclagem térmica, impermeabilizados, mantendo uma área de 2mm² na margem cervical da restauração e imersos em solução de azul de metileno a 0,5%, por 72 horas. A seguir, foram seccionados e avaliados por um único examinador, que estabeleceu o grau de microinfiltração. Os dados obtidos revelaram que as duas técnicas utilizadas apresentaram microinfiltração marginal em diferentes graus, e que não houve diferença estatisticamente significante entre elas.
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Toledano M, Osorio R, Osorio E, Fuentes V, Prati C, Garcia-Godoy F. Sorption and solubility of resin-based restorative dental materials. J Dent 2003; 31:43-50. [PMID: 12615019 DOI: 10.1016/s0300-5712(02)00083-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To measure the water sorption and solubility of different resin-based restorative dental materials. METHODS Eight commercial restorative materials were selected: two resin composites (Z100 and Prodigy), four polyacid-modified resin composites (Compoglass, Compoglass F, Dyract and Dyract AP), and two light-cured glass ionomers (Vitremer and Fuji II LC). Five disc specimens were prepared of each material, following the manufacturer's instructions, and were grounded wet with silicon carbide paper. Water sorption and solubility of the different materials were calculated by means of weighting the samples before and after water immersion and desiccation. Data were analyzed by one-way ANOVA and Student-Newman-Keuls tests (P<0.05). RESULTS Compoglass and Compoglass F showed the lowest values of water sorption and solubility, while Vitremer and Fuji II LC displayed the highest values. Solubility values of Prodigy, Z100, Dyract and Dyract AP did not show significant differences among them, while their water sorption values attained some differences and were lower for Prodigy followed by Dyract and Z100. CONCLUSIONS The attained water sorption and solubility values are mainly influenced by the generic type of material and variations occurring between materials of the same type may result from differences in resin matrix compositions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Toledano
- Department of Dental Materials, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.
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Lopes GC, Franke M, Maia HP. Effect of finishing time and techniques on marginal sealing ability of two composite restorative materials. J Prosthet Dent 2002. [DOI: 10.1067/mpr.2002.127416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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39
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Chuang SF, Jin YT, Tsai PF, Wong TY. Effect of various surface protections on the margin microleakage of resin-modified glass ionomer cements. J Prosthet Dent 2001; 86:309-14. [PMID: 11552169 DOI: 10.1067/mpr.2001.116133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
STATEMENT OF PROBLEM Because conventional glass ionomer cements are moisture sensitive, a surface coating is recommended during the initial setting stage. It is unknown whether resin-modified glass ionomer cements also need surface protection. PURPOSE This study investigated the effect of various surface protections on microleakage with Class V resin-modified glass ionomer restorations. MATERIAL AND METHODS Forty extracted molars with buccal and lingual Class V cavity preparations were restored with a resin-modified glass ionomer (Fuji II LC). The occlusal margin of each restoration was on enamel and the cervical margin on dentin. After immediate finishing and polishing, the teeth were divided into 4 groups according to the following surface protection treatments: group I, unprotected; group II, Fuji varnish; group III, resin adhesive; and group IV, acid etching and resin adhesive. After these procedures, all teeth were stored in isotonic saline for 24 hours, thermocycled 1500 times at 5 degrees C to 60 degrees C, and soaked in dye solution for 24 hours. The teeth then were longitudinally sectioned and observed under a stereomicroscope. The degree of dye penetration was recorded and analyzed with the Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney tests (P<.05) RESULTS None of the 4 groups demonstrated complete margin sealing at either the occlusal or cervical margins. Groups II and III displayed the least microleakage at cervical margins; a significant difference existed between groups I and III (P=.034). Compared with the other 3 groups, group IV showed significantly greater microleakage at the cervical margins. CONCLUSION Although resin-modified glass ionomers can be finished immediately, they remain moisture sensitive. Within the limitations of this study, the results suggest that resin adhesive should be used as a surface protection to reduce margin microleakage of resin-modified glass ionomer restorations.
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Affiliation(s)
- S F Chuang
- Department of Operative Dentistry, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Tainan City, Taiwan.
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40
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Wilder AD, Swift EJ, May KN, Thompson JY, McDougal RA. Effect of finishing technique on the microleakage and surface texture of resin-modified glass ionomer restorative materials. J Dent 2000; 28:367-73. [PMID: 10785304 DOI: 10.1016/s0300-5712(99)00075-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of wet and dry finishing/polishing procedures on the microleakage and surface texture of resin-modified glass ionomer (RMGI) restorative materials. MATERIALS AND METHODS Class V cavity preparations were made at the cemento-enamel junction (CEJ) on the buccal and lingual surface of 30 extracted human molars. The teeth were restored in three groups of 10 (20 preparations in each group) using Fuji II LC and Vitremer, both RMGIs, and Fuji II, a capsulated conventional glass ionomer cement (control). One restoration per tooth was finished/polished with copious applications of water and the other was finished/polished without water. All restorations were finished/polished using a sequence of four abrasive disks. Finishing/polishing was initiated according to manufacturers' instructions-immediately after light-curing Fuji II LC and Vitremer, and 15min after placement for Fuji II. The specimens were thermocycled and subjected to a silver nitrate leakage test. Each tooth was sectioned buccolingually and examined with an optical microscope at 40x to determine the extent of microleakage at enamel and dentin margins. The data were subjected to a non-parametric statistical analysis. To evaluate surface roughness after polishing, three disks each of Vitremer and Fuji II LC were fabricated in Teflon molds. One disk of each material was not finished/polished (control). The others were finished/polished using Sof-Lex abrasive disks. One specimen of each material was kept wet during all finishing/polishing procedures, while the other was kept dry. Atomic force microscopy was used to determine the average roughness (R(a)) of the specimens. RESULTS For each material, microleakage at the enamel margin was very slight. Leakage of the conventional glass ionomer Fuji II was severe at dentin margins. Statistical analysis indicated that both Vitremer and Fuji II LC had significantly less leakage than Fuji II, and that Vitremer had significantly less leakage than Fuji II LC (p<0.05). Leakage at enamel margins was significantly less than at dentin margins. Differences related to wet and dry polishing were not statistically significant. Profilometry data indicated that polished specimens were rougher than those cured against a Mylar strip. Wet polishing created greater surface roughness than dry polishing. CONCLUSIONS RMGIs rather than conventional glass ionomers should be used in Class V cavity sites to allow immediate finishing and to reduce the incidence of microleakage. Dry finishing of RMGIs with abrasive disks is recommended because it produces a smoother surface and does not contribute to microleakage. However, wet finishing of conventional glass ionomers is still recommended to avoid desiccation.
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Affiliation(s)
- A D Wilder
- Department of Operative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina, 307A Brauer Hall, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7450, USA.
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