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Martínez-Campa C, Álvarez-García V, Alonso-González C, González A, Cos S. Melatonin and Its Role in the Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition (EMT) in Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:956. [PMID: 38473317 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16050956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Revised: 02/13/2024] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
The epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a cell-biological program that occurs during the progression of several physiological processes and that can also take place during pathological situations such as carcinogenesis. The EMT program consists of the sequential activation of a number of intracellular signaling pathways aimed at driving epithelial cells toward the acquisition of a series of intermediate phenotypic states arrayed along the epithelial-mesenchymal axis. These phenotypic features include changes in the motility, conformation, polarity and functionality of cancer cells, ultimately leading cells to stemness, increased invasiveness, chemo- and radioresistance and the formation of cancer metastasis. Amongst the different existing types of the EMT, type 3 is directly involved in carcinogenesis. A type 3 EMT occurs in neoplastic cells that have previously acquired genetic and epigenetic alterations, specifically affecting genes involved in promoting clonal outgrowth and invasion. Markers such as E-cadherin; N-cadherin; vimentin; and transcription factors (TFs) like Twist, Snail and ZEB are considered key molecules in the transition. The EMT process is also regulated by microRNA expression. Many miRNAs have been reported to repress EMT-TFs. Thus, Snail 1 is repressed by miR-29, miR-30a and miR-34a; miR-200b downregulates Slug; and ZEB1 and ZEB2 are repressed by miR-200 and miR-205, respectively. Occasionally, some microRNA target genes act downstream of the EMT master TFs; thus, Twist1 upregulates the levels of miR-10b. Melatonin is an endogenously produced hormone released mainly by the pineal gland. It is widely accepted that melatonin exerts oncostatic actions in a large variety of tumors, inhibiting the initiation, progression and invasion phases of tumorigenesis. The molecular mechanisms underlying these inhibitory actions are complex and involve a great number of processes. In this review, we will focus our attention on the ability of melatonin to regulate some key EMT-related markers, transcription factors and micro-RNAs, summarizing the multiple ways by which this hormone can regulate the EMT. Since melatonin has no known toxic side effects and is also known to help overcome drug resistance, it is a good candidate to be considered as an adjuvant drug to conventional cancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Martínez-Campa
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Cantabria and Instituto de Investigación Valdecilla (IDIVAL), 39011 Santander, Spain
| | - Virginia Álvarez-García
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Cantabria and Instituto de Investigación Valdecilla (IDIVAL), 39011 Santander, Spain
| | - Carolina Alonso-González
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Cantabria and Instituto de Investigación Valdecilla (IDIVAL), 39011 Santander, Spain
| | - Alicia González
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Cantabria and Instituto de Investigación Valdecilla (IDIVAL), 39011 Santander, Spain
| | - Samuel Cos
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Cantabria and Instituto de Investigación Valdecilla (IDIVAL), 39011 Santander, Spain
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Effects of Melatonin Supplementation on Sleep Quality in Breast Cancer Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Healthcare (Basel) 2023; 11:healthcare11050675. [PMID: 36900679 PMCID: PMC10001052 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare11050675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Revised: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Evidence on the effectiveness of melatonin in breast cancer patients suffering from sleep disturbances is contradictory, and there have been no meta-analyses on its use in humans with breast cancer. This study investigated the melatonin supplementation effectiveness in alleviating sleep disturbances in breast cancer patients. We searched Embase, PubMed, MEDLINE, CINAHL, Cochrane Library, Google Scholar, and Clinical trial.org databases for relevant reports by following PRISMA guidelines and collected clinical experimental studies of melatonin supplementation in breast cancer patients. Breast cancer for the population, melatonin supplementation for intervention, including sleep indicator, cancer treatment-related symptoms for outcomes, and clinical trial for humans were the searched keywords. Among the 1917 identified records, duplicates and irrelevant articles were excluded. Among the 48 full-text articles assessed, 10 studies met the criteria for inclusion in a systematic review, and five studies had sleep-related indicators and were included in the meta-analysis after quality assessment. The estimated average effect size (Hedges' g) was -0.79 (p < 0.001) in a random-effects model, thus indicating that melatonin supplementation had a moderate effect in ameliorating sleep quality in breast cancer patients. Pooled data from studies on melatonin supplementation indicate that melatonin administration may alleviate sleep problems related to treatments in breast cancer patients.
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Thabet NM, Abdel-Rafei MK, Askar MA, Abdelmohsen SA, Ahmed OM, Elbakry MM. Nanocomposite zinc oxide@ γ-linolenic acid-canagliflozin-fucoxanthin and/or γ-radiation perturbs key metabolic effectors and suppresses the proliferation of breast cancer cells in vitro. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2023.104161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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Abstract
The pineal gland is a interface between light-dark cycle and shows neuro-endocrine functions. Melatonin is the primary hormone of pineal gland, secreted at night. The night-time melatonin peak regulates the physiological functions at dark. Melatonin has several unique features as it synchronises internal rhythm with daily and seasonal variations, regulates circadian rhythm and sleep-wake cycle. Physiologically melatonin involves in detoxification of free radicals, immune functions, neuro-protection, oncostatic effects, cardiovascular functions, reproduction, and foetal development. The precise functions of melatonin are exhibited by specific receptors. In relation to pathophysiology, impaired melatonin secretion promotes sleep disorder, cancer progression, type-2 diabetes, and neurodegenerative diseases. Several reports have highlighted the therapeutic benefits of melatonin specially related to cancer protection, sleep disorder, psychiatric disorders, and jet lag problems. This review will touch the most of the area of melatonin-oriented health impacts and its therapeutic aspects.
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Targhazeh N, Reiter RJ, Rahimi M, Qujeq D, Yousefi T, Shahavi MH, Mir SM. Oncostatic activities of melatonin: Roles in cell cycle, apoptosis, and autophagy [Biochimie 200 (2022) 44-59]. Biochimie 2022; 200:44-59. [PMID: 35618158 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2022.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Revised: 05/14/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Niloufar Targhazeh
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Russel J Reiter
- Department of Cell Systems and Anatomy, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Mahdi Rahimi
- Lodz University of Technology, Institute of Polymer and Dye Technology, Stefanowskiego 16, 90-537, Lodz, Poland; International Center for Research on Innovative Biobased Materials (ICRI-BioM)-International Research Agenda, Lodz University of Technology, Lodz, Poland
| | - Durdi Qujeq
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran; Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Tooba Yousefi
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hassan Shahavi
- Department of Nanotechnology, Faculty of Engineering Modern Technologies, Amol University of Special Modern Technologies, Amol, Iran
| | - Seyed Mostafa Mir
- Metabolic Disorders Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran; Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran.
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Abstract
Melatonin, the major secretory product of the pineal gland, not only regulates circadian rhythms, mood, and sleep but also has actions in neoplastic processes which are being intensively investigated. Melatonin is a promising molecule which considered a differentiating agent in some cancer cells at both physiological and pharmacological concentrations. It can also reduce invasive and metastatic status through receptors MT1 and MT2 cytosolic binding sites, including calmodulin and quinone reductase II enzyme, and nuclear receptors related to orphan members of the superfamily RZR/ROR. Melatonin exerts oncostatic functions in numerous human malignancies. An increasing number of studies report that melatonin reduces the invasiveness of several human cancers such as prostate cancer, breast cancer, liver cancer, oral cancer, lung cancer, ovarian cancer, etc. Moreover, melatonin's oncostatic activities are exerted through different biological processes including antiproliferative actions, stimulation of anti-cancer immunity, modulation of the cell cycle, apoptosis, autophagy, the modulation of oncogene expression, and via antiangiogenic effects. This review focuses on the oncostatic activities of melatonin that targeted cell cycle control, with special attention to its modulatory effects on the key regulators of the cell cycle, apoptosis, and telomerase activity.
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Li L, Gang X, Wang J, Gong X. Role of melatonin in respiratory diseases (Review). Exp Ther Med 2022; 23:271. [PMID: 35251337 PMCID: PMC8892605 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2022.11197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Lijie Li
- Department of Chinese Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, Jilin 130021, P.R. China
| | - Xiaochao Gang
- Department of Acupuncture and Tuina, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, Jilin 130021, P.R. China
| | - Jiajia Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, Affiliated Hospital of Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, Jilin 130021, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoyan Gong
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, Jilin 130021, P.R. China
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Melatonin as a Smart Protector of Pregnancy in Dairy Cows. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11020292. [PMID: 35204175 PMCID: PMC8868556 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11020292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Revised: 01/23/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
The experimental objective was to examine the role of melatonin and its pathways in the maintenance of pregnancy in lactating dairy cows. Blood samples were collected at days 0, 16 and 32 after timed AI from cows (n = 200) in order to consider plasma melatonin concentrations and to conduct AOPP (advanced oxidation products of proteins) and TBARS (thiobarbituric acid reactive substances) tests. Luminal endometrial cells were collected at day 16 using a Cytobrush in all cows to determine mRNA expressions of melatonin receptor 1 (MT1), mouse double minute 2 (MDM2), MDM2 binding protein (MTBP), BCL2-associated X, apoptosis Regulator (BAX), p53 upregulated modulator of apoptosis (PUMA, gene symbol BBC3), mucin 1 (MUC1) and leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF). Plasma concentrations of melatonin were significantly greater in pregnant cows diagnosed pregnant at day 16 who sustained pregnancy to day 32 compared to nonpregnant cows at day 16, or pregnant at day 16 and who lost embryos by days 32. Concentrations of AOPP and TBARS were greater in nonpregnant cows at day 16 or pregnant at day 16 and who lost embryos by days 32 compared to those diagnosed pregnant at day 16 and who sustained pregnancy to day 32. In pregnant cows, endometrial mRNA expressions of MDM2, MTBP, MTR1 and LIF were higher compared to pregnant–embryo-loss cows (p < 0.05). In contrast, mRNA expressions of BBC3 and MUC1 were greater at day 16 in pregnant–embryo-loss cows compared to pregnant cows (p < 0.05). In conclusion, melatonin status is a modulator of embryo well-being and maintenance of pregnancy in lactating dairy cows.
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Loh D, Reiter RJ. Melatonin: Regulation of Prion Protein Phase Separation in Cancer Multidrug Resistance. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27030705. [PMID: 35163973 PMCID: PMC8839844 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27030705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Revised: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The unique ability to adapt and thrive in inhospitable, stressful tumor microenvironments (TME) also renders cancer cells resistant to traditional chemotherapeutic treatments and/or novel pharmaceuticals. Cancer cells exhibit extensive metabolic alterations involving hypoxia, accelerated glycolysis, oxidative stress, and increased extracellular ATP that may activate ancient, conserved prion adaptive response strategies that exacerbate multidrug resistance (MDR) by exploiting cellular stress to increase cancer metastatic potential and stemness, balance proliferation and differentiation, and amplify resistance to apoptosis. The regulation of prions in MDR is further complicated by important, putative physiological functions of ligand-binding and signal transduction. Melatonin is capable of both enhancing physiological functions and inhibiting oncogenic properties of prion proteins. Through regulation of phase separation of the prion N-terminal domain which targets and interacts with lipid rafts, melatonin may prevent conformational changes that can result in aggregation and/or conversion to pathological, infectious isoforms. As a cancer therapy adjuvant, melatonin could modulate TME oxidative stress levels and hypoxia, reverse pH gradient changes, reduce lipid peroxidation, and protect lipid raft compositions to suppress prion-mediated, non-Mendelian, heritable, but often reversible epigenetic adaptations that facilitate cancer heterogeneity, stemness, metastasis, and drug resistance. This review examines some of the mechanisms that may balance physiological and pathological effects of prions and prion-like proteins achieved through the synergistic use of melatonin to ameliorate MDR, which remains a challenge in cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Doris Loh
- Independent Researcher, Marble Falls, TX 78654, USA
- Correspondence: (D.L.); (R.J.R.)
| | - Russel J. Reiter
- Department of Cellular and Structural Biology, UT Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
- Correspondence: (D.L.); (R.J.R.)
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Loh D, Reiter RJ. Melatonin: Regulation of Biomolecular Condensates in Neurodegenerative Disorders. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:1483. [PMID: 34573116 PMCID: PMC8465482 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10091483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Revised: 09/10/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Biomolecular condensates are membraneless organelles (MLOs) that form dynamic, chemically distinct subcellular compartments organizing macromolecules such as proteins, RNA, and DNA in unicellular prokaryotic bacteria and complex eukaryotic cells. Separated from surrounding environments, MLOs in the nucleoplasm, cytoplasm, and mitochondria assemble by liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS) into transient, non-static, liquid-like droplets that regulate essential molecular functions. LLPS is primarily controlled by post-translational modifications (PTMs) that fine-tune the balance between attractive and repulsive charge states and/or binding motifs of proteins. Aberrant phase separation due to dysregulated membrane lipid rafts and/or PTMs, as well as the absence of adequate hydrotropic small molecules such as ATP, or the presence of specific RNA proteins can cause pathological protein aggregation in neurodegenerative disorders. Melatonin may exert a dominant influence over phase separation in biomolecular condensates by optimizing membrane and MLO interdependent reactions through stabilizing lipid raft domains, reducing line tension, and maintaining negative membrane curvature and fluidity. As a potent antioxidant, melatonin protects cardiolipin and other membrane lipids from peroxidation cascades, supporting protein trafficking, signaling, ion channel activities, and ATPase functionality during condensate coacervation or dissolution. Melatonin may even control condensate LLPS through PTM and balance mRNA- and RNA-binding protein composition by regulating N6-methyladenosine (m6A) modifications. There is currently a lack of pharmaceuticals targeting neurodegenerative disorders via the regulation of phase separation. The potential of melatonin in the modulation of biomolecular condensate in the attenuation of aberrant condensate aggregation in neurodegenerative disorders is discussed in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Doris Loh
- Independent Researcher, Marble Falls, TX 78654, USA
| | - Russel J. Reiter
- Department of Cellular and Structural Biology, UT Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
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Petronek MS, Stolwijk JM, Murray SD, Steinbach EJ, Zakharia Y, Buettner GR, Spitz DR, Allen BG. Utilization of redox modulating small molecules that selectively act as pro-oxidants in cancer cells to open a therapeutic window for improving cancer therapy. Redox Biol 2021; 42:101864. [PMID: 33485837 PMCID: PMC8113052 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2021.101864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2020] [Revised: 01/08/2021] [Accepted: 01/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
There is a rapidly growing body of literature supporting the notion that differential oxidative metabolism in cancer versus normal cells represents a metabolic frailty that can be exploited to open a therapeutic window into cancer therapy. These cancer cell-specific metabolic frailties may be amenable to manipulation with non-toxic small molecule redox active compounds traditionally thought to be antioxidants. In this review we describe the potential mechanisms and clinical applicability in cancer therapy of four small molecule redox active agents: melatonin, vitamin E, selenium, and vitamin C. Each has shown the potential to have pro-oxidant effects in cancer cells while retaining antioxidant activity in normal cells. This dichotomy can be exploited to improve responses to radiation and chemotherapy by opening a therapeutic window based on a testable biochemical rationale amenable to confirmation with biomarker studies during clinical trials. Thus, the unique pro-oxidant/antioxidant properties of melatonin, vitamin E, selenium, and vitamin C have the potential to act as effective adjuvants to traditional cancer therapies, thereby improving cancer patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- M S Petronek
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - J M Stolwijk
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - S D Murray
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - E J Steinbach
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Y Zakharia
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - G R Buettner
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - D R Spitz
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - B G Allen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA.
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Gurunathan S, Qasim M, Kang MH, Kim JH. Role and Therapeutic Potential of Melatonin in Various Type of Cancers. Onco Targets Ther 2021; 14:2019-2052. [PMID: 33776451 PMCID: PMC7987311 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s298512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2020] [Accepted: 03/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer is a large group of diseases and the second leading cause of death worldwide. Lung, prostate, colorectal, stomach, and liver cancers are the most common types of cancer in men, whereas breast, colorectal, lung, cervical, and thyroid cancers are the most common among women. Presently, various treatment strategies, including surgical resection combined with chemotherapy, radiotherapy, nanotherapy, and immunotherapy, have been used as conventional treatments for patients with cancer. However, the clinical outcomes of advanced-stage disease remain relatively unfavorable owing to the emergence of chemoresistance, toxicity, and other undesired detrimental side effects. Therefore, new therapies to overcome these limitations are indispensable. Recently, there has been considerable evidence from experimental and clinical studies suggesting that melatonin can be used to prevent and treat cancer. Studies have confirmed that melatonin mitigates the pathogenesis of cancer by directly affecting carcinogenesis and indirectly disrupting the circadian cycle. Melatonin (MLT) is nontoxic and exhibits a range of beneficial effects against cancer via apoptotic, antiangiogenic, antiproliferative, and metastasis-inhibitory pathways. The combination of melatonin with conventional drugs improves the drug sensitivity of cancers, including solid and liquid tumors. In this manuscript, we will comprehensively review some of the cellular, animal, and human studies from the literature that provide evidence that melatonin has oncostatic and anticancer properties. Further, this comprehensive review compiles the available experimental and clinical data analyzing the history, epidemiology, risk factors, therapeutic effect, clinical significance, of melatonin alone or in combination with chemotherapeutic agents or radiotherapy, as well as the underlying molecular mechanisms of its anticancer effect against lung, breast, prostate, colorectal, skin, liver, cervical, and ovarian cancers. Nonetheless, in the interest of readership clarity and ease of reading, we have discussed the overall mechanism of the anticancer activity of melatonin against different types of cancer. We have ended this report with general conclusions and future perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sangiliyandi Gurunathan
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029, Korea
| | - Muhammad Qasim
- Center of Bioengineering and Nanomedicine, Department of Food Science, University of Otago, Dunedin, 9054, New Zealand
| | - Min-Hee Kang
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029, Korea
| | - Jin-Hoi Kim
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029, Korea
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Ma L, Liu Q, Tian M, Tian X, Gao L. Mechanisms of melatonin in anti-aging and its regulation effects in radiation-induced premature senescence. RADIATION MEDICINE AND PROTECTION 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.radmp.2021.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
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Rajabi A, Saber A, Pourmahdi M, Emami A, Ravanbakhsh R, Khodavirdipour A, Khodaei M, Akbarzadeh M, Abdolahi S, Hosseinpourfeizi MA, Safaralizadeh R. Anti-Cancer Effect of Melatonin via Downregulation of Delta-like Ligand 4 in Estrogen-Responsive Breast Cancer Cells. Recent Pat Anticancer Drug Discov 2020; 15:329-340. [PMID: 32990541 DOI: 10.2174/1574892815666200929145236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2020] [Revised: 08/12/2020] [Accepted: 08/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Notch signaling pathway has a key role in angiogenesis and Delta - Like Ligand 4 (DLL4) is one of the main ligands of Notch involved in cell proliferation in sprouting vessels. OBJECTIVE In this study, we aimed to evaluate the expression of DLL4 in primary breast tumors and to examine the effect of melatonin on DLL4 expression in vitro. METHODS Eighty-five breast tumor and paired adjacent non-tumor tissue samples were collected. Apoptosis assay was performed on breast cancer cells to evaluate melatonin effects. Western blot and quantitative RT-PCR were used to measure DLL4 expression. Then, we investigated the effect of melatonin on the expression of DLL4 in four breast cancer cell lines at RNA and protein levels. We also performed a probabilistic neural network analysis to study genes closely associated with DLL4 expression. RESULTS Our results showed a significantly higher expression of DLL4 in tumor tissues compared to non-tumor tissues (P = 0.027). Melatonin treatment substantially attenuated DLL4 expression in BT474 and MCF-7 cells, but not in SK-BR-3 and MDA-MB-231 cells. Also, melatonin induced apoptosis in all four cell lines. Network analysis revealed a set of 15 genes that had close association and interaction with DLL4. DLL4 was overexpressed in breast cancer tissues as compared to the non-tumor tissues. CONCLUSION It can be concluded that melatonin treatment attenuated DLL4 expression only in estrogen- responsive breast cancer cells and is able to induce apoptosis in breast cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Rajabi
- Department of Animal Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Ali Saber
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Mahsa Pourmahdi
- Department of Animal Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Ali Emami
- Department of Animal Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Reyhaneh Ravanbakhsh
- Department of Aquatic Biotechnology, Artemia and Aquaculture Research Institute, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
| | - Amir Khodavirdipour
- Department of Animal Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mehran Khodaei
- Department of Animal Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Molood Akbarzadeh
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Azerbaijan Shahid Madani University, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Sepehr Abdolahi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Azerbaijan Shahid Madani University, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | - Reza Safaralizadeh
- Department of Animal Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
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Moloudizargari M, Moradkhani F, Hekmatirad S, Fallah M, Asghari MH, Reiter RJ. Therapeutic targets of cancer drugs: Modulation by melatonin. Life Sci 2020; 267:118934. [PMID: 33385405 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.118934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2020] [Revised: 11/27/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The biological functions of melatonin range beyond the regulation of the circadian rhythm. With regard to cancer, melatonin's potential to suppress cancer initiation, progression, angiogenesis and metastasis as well as sensitizing malignant cells to conventional chemo- and radiotherapy are among its most interesting effects. The targets at which melatonin initiates its anti-cancer effects are in common with those of a majority of existing anti-cancer agents, giving rise to the notion that this molecule is a pleiotropic agent sharing many features with other antineoplastic drugs in terms of their mechanisms of action. Among these common mechanisms of action are the regulation of several major intracellular pathways including mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) and protein kinase B (AKT/PKB) signaling. The important mediators affected by melatonin include cyclins, nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB), heat shock proteins (HSPs) and c-Myc, all of which can serve as potential targets for cancer drugs. Melatonin also exerts some of its anti-cancer effects via inducing epigenetic modifications, DNA damage and mitochondrial disruption in malignant cells. The regulation of these mediators by melatonin mitigates tumor growth and invasiveness via modulating their downstream responsive genes, housekeeping enzymes, telomerase reverse transcriptase, apoptotic gene expression, angiogenic factors and structural proteins involved in metastasis. Increasing our knowledge on how melatonin affects its target sites will help find ways of exploiting the beneficial effects of this ubiquitously-acting molecule in cancer therapy. Acknowledging this, here we reviewed the most studied target pathways attributed to the anti-cancer effects of melatonin, highlighting their therapeutic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milad Moloudizargari
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Moradkhani
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shirin Hekmatirad
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medicine, Student Research Committee, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Marjan Fallah
- Medicinal Plant Research Centre, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ayatollah Amoli Branch, Islamic Azad University, Amol, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hossein Asghari
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medicine, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran.
| | - Russel J Reiter
- Department of Cell Systems and Anatomy, Long School of Medicine, UT Health, San Antonio, TX, USA.
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Cyst Reduction by Melatonin in a Novel Drosophila Model of Polycystic Kidney Disease. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25225477. [PMID: 33238462 PMCID: PMC7700119 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25225477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2020] [Revised: 11/15/2020] [Accepted: 11/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) causes progressive cystic degeneration of the renal tubules, the nephrons, eventually severely compromising kidney function. ADPKD is incurable, with half of the patients eventually needing renal replacement. Treatments for ADPKD patients are limited and new effective therapeutics are needed. Melatonin, a central metabolic regulator conserved across all life kingdoms, exhibits oncostatic and oncoprotective activity and no detected toxicity. Here, we used the Bicaudal C (BicC) Drosophila model of polycystic kidney disease to test the cyst-reducing potential of melatonin. Significant cyst reduction was found in the renal (Malpighian) tubules upon melatonin administration and suggest mechanistic sophistication. Similar to vertebrate PKD, the BicC fly PKD model responds to the antiproliferative drugs rapamycin and mimics of the second mitochondria-derived activator of caspases (Smac). Melatonin appears to be a new cyst-reducing molecule with attractive properties as a potential candidate for PKD treatment.
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ÖZTÜRK G, AKBULUT KG, GÜNEY Ş. Melatonin, aging, and COVID-19: Could melatonin be beneficial for COVID-19 treatment in the elderly? Turk J Med Sci 2020; 50:1504-1512. [PMID: 32777902 PMCID: PMC7605095 DOI: 10.3906/sag-2005-356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2020] [Accepted: 08/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this review is to summarize current studies on the relationship between melatonin and aging. Nowadays, age-related diseases come into prominence, and identifying age-related changes and developing proper therapeutic approaches are counted as some of the major issues regarding community health. Melatonin is the main hormone of the pineal gland. Melatonin is known to influence many biological processes in the body, including circadian rhythms, the immune system, and neuroendocrine and cardiovascular functions.Melatoninrhythms also reflect the biological process of aging. Aging is an extremely complex and multifactorial process. Melatonin levels decline considerably with aging and its decline is associated with several age-related diseases. Aging is closely associated with oxidative damage and mitochondrial dysfunction. Free radical reactions initiated by the mitochondria constitute the inherent aging process. Melatonin plays a pivotal role in preventing age-related oxidative stress. Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) fatality rates increase with chronic diseases and age, where melatonin levels decrease. For this reason, melatonin supplementation in elderly could be beneficial in COVID-19 treatment. Therefore, studies on the usage of melatonin in COVID-19 treatment are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Güler ÖZTÜRK
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, İstanbul Medeniyet University, İstanbulTurkey
| | | | - Şevin GÜNEY
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Gazi University, AnkaraTurkey
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Costanzi E, Simioni C, Conti I, Laface I, Varano G, Brenna C, Neri LM. Two neuroendocrine G protein-coupled receptor molecules, somatostatin and melatonin: Physiology of signal transduction and therapeutic perspectives. J Cell Physiol 2020; 236:2505-2518. [PMID: 32989768 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.30062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2020] [Revised: 09/04/2020] [Accepted: 09/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Recent studies have shown that G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), the largest signal-conveying receptor family, are targets for mutations occurring frequently in different cancer types. GPCR alterations associated with cancer development represent significant challenges for the discovery and the advancement of targeted therapeutics. Among the different molecules that can activate GPCRs, we focused on two molecules that exert their biological actions regulating many typical features of tumorigenesis such as cellular proliferation, survival, and invasion: somatostatin and melatonin. The modulation of signaling pathways, that involves these two molecules, opens an interesting scenario for cancer therapy, with the opportunity to act at different molecular levels. Therefore, the aim of this review is the analysis of the biological activity and the therapeutic potential of somatostatin and melatonin, displaying a high affinity for GPCRs, that interfere with cancer development and maintenance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Costanzi
- Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Carolina Simioni
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy.,Laboratory for Technologies of Advanced Therapies (LTTA)-Electron Microscopy Center, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Ilaria Conti
- Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Ilaria Laface
- Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Gabriele Varano
- Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Cinzia Brenna
- Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Luca M Neri
- Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy.,Laboratory for Technologies of Advanced Therapies (LTTA)-Electron Microscopy Center, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
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Maroufi NF, Ashouri N, Mortezania Z, Ashoori Z, Vahedian V, Amirzadeh-Iranaq MT, Fattahi A, Kazemzadeh H, Bizzarri M, Akbarzadeh M, Nejabati HR, Faridvand Y, Rashidi MR, Nouri M. The potential therapeutic effects of melatonin on breast cancer: An invasion and metastasis inhibitor. Pathol Res Pract 2020; 216:153226. [PMID: 32987338 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2020.153226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2020] [Revised: 08/30/2020] [Accepted: 09/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most common cancer among women and its metastasis which generally observed at the last stage is the major cause of breast cancer-related death. Therefore, the agents that have the potential to prevent metastatic and invasive nature of breast cancer can open up new therapeutic strategies. Melatonin, a major hormone of pineal gland, is a powerful anti-cancer agent. There are growing evidence regarding the protective effect of melatonin against cancer invasion and metastasis. The anti-metastatic feature of melatonin accompanies with suppression of tumor proliferation, induction of tumor apoptosis, regulation of the cell cycle, modulating angiogenesis, impediment of invasion, and induction of cancer cells sensitivity to the chemotherapy agents. More recently, anti-metastatic effect of melatonin through affecting cancer stem cells and vascular mimicry has been identified. Thus, the aim of this review is to discuss the potential therapeutic effect of melatonin on breast cancer via modulating the cells invasion and metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nazila Fathi Maroufi
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Iran; Department of Biochemistry and Clinical Laboratories, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Nima Ashouri
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Cellular and Molecular Biology, University of Shiraz, Iran
| | | | - Zahra Ashoori
- Department of Medical, Faculty of Medical, University of Shahid Beheshti, Iran
| | - Vahid Vahedian
- Department of Experimental Biomedicine, Dr. Vahid Vahedian Medical Diagnostic Laboratory Gorgan, Iran; Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Islamic Azad University (IAU), Sari, Iran
| | | | - Amir Fattahi
- Department of Reproductive Biology, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Hamid Kazemzadeh
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Hakim Sabzevari University, Iran
| | - Mariano Bizzarri
- University La Sapienza, Department of Experimental Medicine, System Biology Group, Rome, Italy
| | - Maryam Akbarzadeh
- Department of Biochemistry, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Hamid Reza Nejabati
- Department of Biochemistry and Clinical Laboratories, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Yousef Faridvand
- Department of Biochemistry and Clinical Laboratories, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mohammad-Reza Rashidi
- Stem Cell And Regenerative Medicine Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Mohammad Nouri
- Stem Cell And Regenerative Medicine Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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20
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Samanta S. Melatonin: an endogenous miraculous indolamine, fights against cancer progression. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2020; 146:1893-1922. [PMID: 32583237 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-020-03292-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2020] [Accepted: 06/12/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Melatonin is an amphipathic indolamine molecule ubiquitously present in all organisms ranging from cyanobacteria to humans. The pineal gland is the site of melatonin synthesis and secretion under the influence of the retinohypothalamic tract. Some extrapineal tissues (skin, lens, gastrointestinal tract, testis, ovary, lymphocytes, and astrocytes) also enable to produce melatonin. Physiologically, melatonin regulates various functions like circadian rhythm, sleep-wake cycle, gonadal activity, redox homeostasis, neuroprotection, immune-modulation, and anticancer effects in the body. Inappropriate melatonin secretion advances the aging process, tumorigenesis, visceral adiposity, etc. METHODS: For the preparation of this review, I had reviewed the literature on the multidimensional activities of melatonin from the NCBI website database PubMed, Springer Nature, Science Direct (Elsevier), Wiley Online ResearchGate, and Google Scholar databases to search relevant articles. Specifically, I focused on the roles and mechanisms of action of melatonin in cancer prevention. RESULTS The actions of melatonin are primarily mediated by G-protein coupled MT1 and MT2 receptors; however, several intracellular protein and nuclear receptors can modulate the activity. Normal levels of the melatonin protect the cells from adverse effects including carcinogenesis. Therapeutically, melatonin has chronomedicinal value; it also shows a remarkable anticancer property. The oncostatic action of melatonin is multidimensional, associated with the advancement of apoptosis, the arrest of the cell cycle, inhibition of metastasis, and antioxidant activity. CONCLUSION The present review has emphasized the mechanism of the anti-neoplastic activity of melatonin that increases the possibilities of the new approaches in cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saptadip Samanta
- Department Physiology, Midnapore College, Paschim Medinipur, Midnapore, West Bengal, 721101, India.
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21
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Melatonin-Induced Cytoskeleton Reorganization Leads to Inhibition of Melanoma Cancer Cell Proliferation. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21020548. [PMID: 31952224 PMCID: PMC7014391 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21020548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2019] [Revised: 01/12/2020] [Accepted: 01/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuroindole melatonin, a hormone synthesized during the night mainly-but not exclusively-by the pineal gland of all vertebrates, functions as an adapting signal to the light-dark cycle. Its antioxidant, neuroprotective, anti-inflammatory, and antitumor properties are all well-known and widely reported. Melanoma is one of the most common carcinomas among developed countries and a type of tumor particularly difficult to fight back in medium/advanced stages. In contrast to other types of cancer, influence of melatonin on melanoma has been scarcely investigated. Thus, we have chosen the murine melanoma model B16-F10 cell line to study antiproliferative and antitumoral actions of melatonin. For this purpose, we combined both, cell culture and in vivo models. Melatonin reduced either, growth rate or migration of B16-F10 cells. Furthermore, melanin synthesis was altered by melatonin, promoting its synthesis. Melatonin also induced a G2/M cell cycle arrest and altered the cytoskeletal organization. To corroborate these results, we tested the effect of melatonin in the in vivo model of B16-F10 cell injection in the tail vein, which causes numerous lung metastases. Two different strategies of melatonin administration were used, namely, in drinking water, or daily intraperitoneal injection. However, contrary to what occurred in cell culture, no differences were observed between control and melatonin treated groups. Results obtained led us to conclude that melatonin exerts an antiproliferative and anti-migrating effect on this melanoma model by interfering with the cytoskeleton organization, but this pharmacological effect cannot be translated in vivo as the indole did not prevent metastasis in the murine model, suggesting that further insights into the effects of the indole in melanoma cells should be approached to understand this apparent paradox.
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22
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Bhattacharya S, Patel KK, Dehari D, Agrawal AK, Singh S. Melatonin and its ubiquitous anticancer effects. Mol Cell Biochem 2019; 462:133-155. [DOI: 10.1007/s11010-019-03617-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2019] [Accepted: 08/17/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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24
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Martínez PN, Menéndez ST, Villaronga MDLÁ, Ubelaker DH, García-Pedrero JM, C Zapico S. "The big sleep: Elucidating the sequence of events in the first hours of death to determine the postmortem interval". Sci Justice 2019; 59:418-424. [PMID: 31256813 DOI: 10.1016/j.scijus.2019.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2018] [Revised: 02/24/2019] [Accepted: 03/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Recent developments on postmortem interval estimation (PMI) take an advantage of the autolysis process, pointing out to the analysis of the expression of apoptosis and autophagy genes towards this purpose. Oxidative stress plays a role in this signaling as a regulatory mechanism and/or as a consequence of cell death. Additionally, melatonin has been implicated on apoptosis and autophagy signaling, making melatonin a suitable target for PMI determination. The aim of this study was to investigate the early PMI through the analysis of the expression of autophagy genes as well as oxidative stress and melatonin receptor. Our results demonstrated a rapidly increased on the expression of autophagy genes according to the expected sequence of events, then a marked decrease in this expression, matched with the switch to the apoptosis signaling. These results revealed potential candidates to analyze the PMI in the first hours of death, helping to estimate the time-since-death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Núñez Martínez
- Departamento de Biología Funcional (Área de Fisiología), Facultad de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Oviedo, Spain
| | - Sofía T Menéndez
- Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias, Instituto Universitario de Oncología del Principado de Asturias, Oviedo, Spain; CIBER de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain
| | - María de Los Ángeles Villaronga
- Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias, Instituto Universitario de Oncología del Principado de Asturias, Oviedo, Spain; CIBER de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Douglas H Ubelaker
- Anthropology Department, NMNH, Smithsonian Institution, MRC 112, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Juana M García-Pedrero
- Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias, Instituto Universitario de Oncología del Principado de Asturias, Oviedo, Spain; CIBER de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Sara C Zapico
- Anthropology Department, NMNH, Smithsonian Institution, MRC 112, Washington, DC, USA; Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, International Forensic Research Institute, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA.
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25
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Pourhanifeh MH, Sharifi M, Reiter RJ, Davoodabadi A, Asemi Z. Melatonin and non-small cell lung cancer: new insights into signaling pathways. Cancer Cell Int 2019; 19:131. [PMID: 31123430 PMCID: PMC6521447 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-019-0853-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2019] [Accepted: 05/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is a type of malignancy with progressive metastasis having poor prognosis and lowered survival resulting from late diagnosis. The therapeutic approaches for the treatment of this incurable cancer are chemo- and radiotherapy. Since current treatments are insufficient and because of drug-induced undesirable side effects and toxicities, alternate treatments are necessary and critical. The role of melatonin, produced in and released from the pineal gland, has been documented as a potential therapy for NSCLC. Melatonin prevents tumor metastasis via inducing apoptosis processes and restraining the autonomous cell proliferation. Moreover, melatonin inhibits the progression of tumors due to its oncostatic, pro-oxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. As a result, the combined treatment with melatonin and chemotherapy may have a synergistic effect, as with some other tumors, leading to a prolonged survival and improved quality of life in patients with NSCLC. This review summarizes the available data, based on the molecular mechanisms and related signaling pathways, to show how melatonin and its supplementation function in NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Hossein Pourhanifeh
- 1Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Mehran Sharifi
- 2Department of Hematology and Oncology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Russel J Reiter
- 3Department of Cellular and Structural Biology, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX USA
| | - Abdoulhossein Davoodabadi
- 4Departments of General Surgery Trauma Research Center, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Zatollah Asemi
- 1Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
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26
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Yuan X, Zhu C, Wang M, Mo F, Du W, Ma X. Night Shift Work Increases the Risks of Multiple Primary Cancers in Women: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of 61 Articles. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2019; 27:25-40. [PMID: 29311165 DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-17-0221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2017] [Revised: 07/27/2017] [Accepted: 10/11/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
A growing number of studies have examined associations between night shift work and the risks of common cancers among women, with varying conclusions. We did a meta-analysis to identify whether long-term night shift work increased the risks of common cancers in women. We enrolled 61 articles involving 114,628 cases and 3,909,152 participants from Europe, North America, Asia, and Australia. Risk estimates were performed with a random-effect model or a fixed-effect model. Subgroup analyses and meta-regression analyses about breast cancer were conducted to explore possible sources of heterogeneity. In addition, we carried out a dose-response analysis to quantitatively estimate the accumulative effect of night shift work on the risk of breast cancer. A positive relationship was revealed between long-term night shift work and the risks of breast [OR = 1.316; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.196-1.448], digestive system (OR = 1.177; 95% CI, 1.065-1.301), and skin cancer (OR = 1.408; 95% CI, 1.024-1.934). For every 5 years of night shift work, the risk of breast cancer in women was increased by 3.3% (OR = 1.033; 95% CI, 1.012-1.056). Concerning the group of nurses, long-term night shift work presented potential carcinogenic effect in breast cancer (OR = 1.577; 95% CI, 1.235-2.014), digestive system cancer (OR = 1.350; 95% CI, 1.030-1.770), and lung cancer (OR = 1.280; 95% CI, 1.070-1.531). This systematic review confirmed the positive association between night shift work and the risks of several common cancers in women. We identified that cancer risk of women increased with accumulating years of night shift work, which might help establish and implement effective measures to protect female night shifters. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev; 27(1); 25-40. ©2018 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xia Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, P.R. China
| | - Chenjing Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, P.R. China
| | - Manni Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, P.R. China
| | - Fei Mo
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, P.R. China
| | - Wei Du
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, P.R. China
| | - Xuelei Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, P.R. China.
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Yau A, Haque M. Shiftwork Association with Cardiovascular Diseases and Cancers Among Healthcare Workers: A Literature Review. Medeni Med J 2019; 34:387-395. [PMID: 32821466 PMCID: PMC7433719 DOI: 10.5222/mmj.2019.54775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2019] [Accepted: 09/13/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The round-the-clock demands of healthcare services, coupled with the shortage of healthcare providers in many parts of the world, have made shiftwork widespread among healthcare workers. Understanding how to mitigate unfavourable effects of shiftwork on well-being is essential to improve health promotion, to prevent disease prevention, and to increase quality of life. This comprehensive review aims to present evidence linking shiftwork with cardiovascular diseases and cancers among healthcare workers. Several studies have demonstrated evidence indicating the relationship between long-term exposure to shiftwork tempo and a higher risk of cardiovascular diseases. Health workers are increasingly witnesing unfavourable effects of shiftwork on their health state. Shiftwork disturbs circadian rhythm and cardiopulmonary processes, leading to adverse health outcomes. Increasing prevalence of shiftwork in healthcare industries due to population expansion and public health threat of cancers call for investigation towards a better understanding of the underlying mechanism of shiftwork-induced diseases. The shift work period has been considered in different studies using various criteria, resulting in inconsistent definition of measurement criteria leading to misclassification of the study population. There is a need for a more considerable and holistic effort towards standardization of shiftwork definition and conduct an assessment to establish a more conveniently appliacable framework for intervention strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adamu Yau
- Naresuan University, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Phitsanulok, Thailand Texas A&M University, School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Texas, USA.,Bayero University, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Kano, Nigeria
| | - Mainul Haque
- Universiti Pertahanan Nasional Malaysia, Faculty of Medicine and Defence Health, Department of Pharmacology, Kem Perdana Sungai Besi, 57000 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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From Implantation to Birth: Insight into Molecular Melatonin Functions. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19092802. [PMID: 30227688 PMCID: PMC6164374 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19092802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2018] [Revised: 09/10/2018] [Accepted: 09/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Melatonin is a lipophilic hormone synthesized and secreted mainly in the pineal gland, acting as a neuroendocrine transducer of photoperiodic information during the night. In addition to this activity, melatonin has shown an antioxidant function and a key role as regulator of physiological processes related to human reproduction. Melatonin is involved in the normal outcome of pregnancy, beginning with the oocyte quality, continuing with embryo implantation, and finishing with fetal development and parturition. Melatonin has been shown to act directly on several reproductive events, including folliculogenesis, oocyte maturation, and corpus luteum (CL) formation. The molecular mechanism of action has been investigated through several studies which provide solid evidence on the connections between maternal melatonin secretion and embryonic and fetal development. Melatonin administration, reducing oxidative stress and directly acting on its membrane receptors, melatonin thyroid hormone receptors (MT1 and MT2), displays effects on the earliest phases of pregnancy and during the whole gestational period. In addition, considering the reported positive effects on the outcomes of compromised pregnancies, melatonin supplementation should be considered as an important tool for supporting fetal development, opening new opportunities for the management of several reproductive and gestational pathologies.
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29
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Skobowiat C, Brożyna AA, Janjetovic Z, Saowanee J, Oak AS, Kim TK, Panich U, Reiter RJ, Slominski AT. Melatonin and its derivatives counteract the ultraviolet B radiation-induced damage in human and porcine skin ex vivo. J Pineal Res 2018; 65:e12501. [PMID: 29702749 PMCID: PMC6105533 DOI: 10.1111/jpi.12501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2018] [Accepted: 03/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Melatonin and its derivatives (N1 -acetyl-N2 -formyl-5-methoxykynurenine [AFMK] and N-acetyl serotonin [NAS]) have broad-spectrum protective effects against photocarcinogenesis, including both direct and indirect antioxidative actions, regulation of apoptosis and DNA damage repair; these data were primarily derived from in vitro models. This study evaluates possible beneficial effects of melatonin and its active derivatives against ultraviolet B (UVB)-induced harm to human and porcine skin ex vivo and to cultured HaCaT cells. The topical application of melatonin, AFMK, or NAS protected epidermal cells against UVB-induced 8-OHdG formation and apoptosis with a further increase in p53ser15 expression, especially after application of melatonin or AFMK but not after NAS use. The photoprotective action was observed in pre- and post-UVB treatment in both human and porcine models. Melatonin along with its derivatives upregulated also the expression of antioxidative enzymes after UVB radiation of HaCaT cells. The exogenous application of melatonin or its derivatives represents a potent and promising tool for preventing UVB-induced oxidative stress and DNA damage. This protection results in improved genomic, cellular, and tissue integrity against UVB-induced carcinogenesis, especially when applied prior to UV exposure. In addition, our ex vivo experiments provide fundamental justification for further testing the clinical utility of melatonin and metabolites as protectors again UVB in human subjects. Our ex vivo data constitute the bridge between vitro to vivo translation and thus justifies the pursue for further clinical utility of melatonin in maintaining skin homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cezary Skobowiat
- Department of Pharmacodynamics and Molecular Pharmacology, Faculty
of Pharmacy, Collegium Medicum, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun,
Poland
- Department of Dermatology, Comprehensive Cancer Center Cancer
Chemoprevention Program, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL,
USA
| | - Anna A. Brożyna
- Department of Tumor Pathology and Pathomorphology, Oncology Centre -
Prof. Franciszek Łukaszczyk Memorial Hospital, Bydgoszcz, Poland
- Department of Tumor Pathology and Pathomorphology, Faculty of Health
Sciences, Nicolaus Copernicus University Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Bydgoszcz, Poland
- Department of Dermatology, Comprehensive Cancer Center Cancer
Chemoprevention Program, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL,
USA
| | - Zorica Janjetovic
- Department of Dermatology, Comprehensive Cancer Center Cancer
Chemoprevention Program, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL,
USA
| | - Jeayeng Saowanee
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital,
Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Allen S.W. Oak
- Department of Dermatology, Comprehensive Cancer Center Cancer
Chemoprevention Program, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL,
USA
| | - Tae-Kang Kim
- Department of Dermatology, Comprehensive Cancer Center Cancer
Chemoprevention Program, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL,
USA
| | - Uraiwan Panich
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital,
Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Russel J. Reiter
- Department of Cellular and Structural Biology, UT Health, San
Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Andrzej T. Slominski
- Department of Dermatology, Comprehensive Cancer Center Cancer
Chemoprevention Program, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL,
USA
- Laboratory Service of the VA Medical Center, Birmingham, AL,
USA
- Corresponding author: Andrzej T. Slominski MD, PhD;
Department of Dermatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1720 2nd Avenue
S. VH 476C, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA; Phone: 205.934.5245; Fax: 205.934.5766;
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Li Y, Li S, Zhou Y, Meng X, Zhang JJ, Xu DP, Li HB. Melatonin for the prevention and treatment of cancer. Oncotarget 2018; 8:39896-39921. [PMID: 28415828 PMCID: PMC5503661 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.16379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 230] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2017] [Accepted: 03/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The epidemiological studies have indicated a possible oncostatic property of melatonin on different types of tumors. Besides, experimental studies have documented that melatonin could exert growth inhibition on some human tumor cells in vitro and in animal models. The underlying mechanisms include antioxidant activity, modulation of melatonin receptors MT1 and MT2, stimulation of apoptosis, regulation of pro-survival signaling and tumor metabolism, inhibition on angiogenesis, metastasis, and induction of epigenetic alteration. Melatonin could also be utilized as adjuvant of cancer therapies, through reinforcing the therapeutic effects and reducing the side effects of chemotherapies or radiation. Melatonin could be an excellent candidate for the prevention and treatment of several cancers, such as breast cancer, prostate cancer, gastric cancer and colorectal cancer. This review summarized the anticancer efficacy of melatonin, based on the results of epidemiological,experimental and clinical studies, and special attention was paid to the mechanisms of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Sha Li
- School of Chinese Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yue Zhou
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiao Meng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiao-Jiao Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dong-Ping Xu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hua-Bin Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China.,South China Sea Bioresource Exploitation and Utilization Collaborative Innovation Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
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31
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Griffin F, Marignol L. Therapeutic potential of melatonin for breast cancer radiation therapy patients. Int J Radiat Biol 2018. [PMID: 29521142 DOI: 10.1080/09553002.2018.1446227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Melatonin is an endogenous hormone primarily known for its action on the circadian rhythms. But pre-clinical studies are reporting both its radioprotective and radiosensitizing properties, possibly mediated through an interaction between melatonin and the regulation of estrogens. Melatonin pre-treatment prior to ionizing radiation was associated with a decrease in cell proliferation and an increase in p53 mRNA expression, leading to an increase in the radiosensitivity of breast cancer cells. At the same time, a decrease in radiation-induced side effects was described in breast cancer patients and in rodent models. This review examines the potential for melatonin to improve the therapeutic outcomes of breast radiation therapy, specifically estrogen receptor positive patients. Evidence suggests that melatonin may offer a novel, non-toxic and cheap adjuvant therapy to improve the existing treatment modalities. But further research is required in the clinical setting before a clear understanding of its therapeutic benefits is determined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fiona Griffin
- a Applied Radiation Therapy Trinity, Discipline of Radiation therapy , Trinity College Dublin , Dublin , Ireland
| | - Laure Marignol
- a Applied Radiation Therapy Trinity, Discipline of Radiation therapy , Trinity College Dublin , Dublin , Ireland
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32
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Alonso-González C, Menéndez-Menéndez J, González-González A, González A, Cos S, Martínez-Campa C. Melatonin enhances the apoptotic effects and modulates the changes in gene expression induced by docetaxel in MCF‑7 human breast cancer cells. Int J Oncol 2018; 52:560-570. [PMID: 29207126 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2017.4213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2017] [Accepted: 11/15/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Results from clinical trials and multiple in vivo and in vitro studies point to melatonin as a promising adjuvant molecule with many beneficial effects when concomitantly administered with chemotherapy. Melatonin palliates side‑effects and enhances the efficacy of chemotherapeutic agents. However, the mechanisms through which melatonin regulates molecular changes induced by chemotherapeutic agents remain largely unknown. In this study, we demonstrated that melatonin enhanced the anti-proliferative and apoptotic responses to low doses of docetaxel in breast cancer cells. Importantly, these effects were more potent when melatonin was added prior to docetaxel. Treatment with 1 µM docetaxel (equivalent to the therapeutic dosage) induced changes in gene expression profiles and melatonin modulated these changes. Specifically, docetaxel downregulated TP53, cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1A (CDKN1A) and cadherin 13 (CDH13), and upregulated mucin 1 (MUC1), GATA binding protein 3 (GATA3) and c-MYC, whereas melatonin counteracted these effects. Melatonin further stimulated the expression of the pro-apoptotic BAD and BAX genes, and enhanced the inhibition of the anti-apoptotic gene BCL-2 induced by docetaxel. The findings of this study suggest that melatonin is a molecule with potential for use as an adjuvant in cancer chemotherapy, which may have implications for designing clinical trials using chemotherapeutic drugs in combination with melatonin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Alonso-González
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Cantabria and Valdecilla Research Institute (IDIVAL), ES-39011 Santander, Spain
| | - Javier Menéndez-Menéndez
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Cantabria and Valdecilla Research Institute (IDIVAL), ES-39011 Santander, Spain
| | - Alicia González-González
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Cantabria and Valdecilla Research Institute (IDIVAL), ES-39011 Santander, Spain
| | - Alicia González
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Cantabria and Valdecilla Research Institute (IDIVAL), ES-39011 Santander, Spain
| | - Samuel Cos
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Cantabria and Valdecilla Research Institute (IDIVAL), ES-39011 Santander, Spain
| | - Carlos Martínez-Campa
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Cantabria and Valdecilla Research Institute (IDIVAL), ES-39011 Santander, Spain
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Mori F, Ferraiuolo M, Santoro R, Sacconi A, Goeman F, Pallocca M, Pulito C, Korita E, Fanciulli M, Muti P, Blandino G, Strano S. Multitargeting activity of miR-24 inhibits long-term melatonin anticancer effects. Oncotarget 2018; 7:20532-48. [PMID: 26967561 PMCID: PMC4991473 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.7978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2015] [Accepted: 02/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
We have previously shown that melatonin exerts tumor suppressor activities by inducing the p38-p53 axis. This occurred within a few hours while no data are available on how melatonin pathway can be sustained on the long term. Here we show that miR-24, which has been demonstrated to target genes involved in the DNA repair process, targets p38, p53, PML and H2AX simultaneously. We show that long-term treatment with melatonin can decrease miR-24 levels post-transcriptionally, which pairs with a long-wave regulation of genes involved in cell proliferation, DNA damage, RNA metabolism and cell shape and transformation. Moreover, we show that melatonin can inhibit cell proliferation and migration, at least in part, by downregulating miR-24. Furthermore, we propose the involvement of hnRNP A1, which is downregulated by melatonin and involved in miRNA processing, in the regulation of miR-24 levels by melatonin. We conclude showing that miR-24 is upregulated in colon, breast and head and neck datasets and its levels negatively correlate with overall survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica Mori
- Molecular Chemoprevention Unit, Molecular Medicine Area, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144 Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Ferraiuolo
- Molecular Chemoprevention Unit, Molecular Medicine Area, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144 Rome, Italy.,Translational Oncogenomics Unit, Molecular Medicine Area, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144 Rome, Italy
| | - Raffaela Santoro
- Molecular Chemoprevention Unit, Molecular Medicine Area, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144 Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Sacconi
- Translational Oncogenomics Unit, Molecular Medicine Area, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144 Rome, Italy
| | - Frauke Goeman
- Translational Oncogenomics Unit, Molecular Medicine Area, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144 Rome, Italy
| | - Matteo Pallocca
- Department of Research, Advanced Diagnostics and Technological Innovation, Translational Research Area, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144 Rome, Italy
| | - Claudio Pulito
- Molecular Chemoprevention Unit, Molecular Medicine Area, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144 Rome, Italy
| | - Etleva Korita
- Molecular Chemoprevention Unit, Molecular Medicine Area, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144 Rome, Italy
| | - Maurizio Fanciulli
- Department of Research, Advanced Diagnostics and Technological Innovation, Translational Research Area, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144 Rome, Italy
| | - Paola Muti
- Department of Oncology, Juravinski Cancer Center-McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8V 5C2, Ontario, Canada
| | - Giovanni Blandino
- Translational Oncogenomics Unit, Molecular Medicine Area, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144 Rome, Italy.,Department of Oncology, Juravinski Cancer Center-McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8V 5C2, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sabrina Strano
- Molecular Chemoprevention Unit, Molecular Medicine Area, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144 Rome, Italy.,Department of Oncology, Juravinski Cancer Center-McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8V 5C2, Ontario, Canada
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Menéndez-Menéndez J, Martínez-Campa C. Melatonin: An Anti-Tumor Agent in Hormone-Dependent Cancers. Int J Endocrinol 2018; 2018:3271948. [PMID: 30386380 PMCID: PMC6189685 DOI: 10.1155/2018/3271948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2018] [Revised: 07/30/2018] [Accepted: 08/12/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Melatonin (N-acetyl-5-methoxytryptamine) is a hormone synthesized and secreted by the pineal gland mainly during the night, since light exposure suppresses its production. Initially, an implication of this indoleamine in malignant disease was described in endocrine-responsive breast cancer. Data from several clinical trials and multiple experimental studies performed both in vivo and in vitro have documented that the pineal hormone inhibits endocrine-dependent mammary tumors by interfering with the estrogen signaling-mediated transcription, therefore behaving as a selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM). Additionally, melatonin regulates the production of estradiol through the control of the enzymes involved in its synthesis, acting as a selective estrogen enzyme modulator (SEEM). Many more mechanisms have been proposed during the past few years, including signaling triggered after activation of the membrane melatonin receptors MT-1 and MT-2, or else intracellular actions targeting molecules such as calmodulin, or binding intranuclear receptors. Similar results have been obtained in prostate (regulation of enzymes involved in androgen synthesis and modulation of androgen receptor levels and activity) and ovary cancer. Thus, tumor metabolism, gene expression, or epigenetic modifications are modulated, cell growth is impaired and angiogenesis and metastasis are inhibited. In the last decade, many more reports have demonstrated that melatonin is a promising adjuvant molecule with many potential beneficial consequences when included in chemotherapy or radiotherapy protocols designed to treat endocrine-responsive tumors. Therefore, in this state-of-the-art review, we aim to compile the knowledge about the oncostatic actions of the indoleamine in hormone-dependent tumors, and the latest findings concerning melatonin actions when administered in combination with radio- or chemotherapy in breast, prostate, and ovary cancers. As melatonin has no toxicity, it may be well deserve to be considered as an endogenously generated agent helpful in cancer prevention and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier Menéndez-Menéndez
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Cantabria and Instituto de Investigación Valdecilla (IDIVAL), 39011 Santander, Spain
| | - Carlos Martínez-Campa
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Cantabria and Instituto de Investigación Valdecilla (IDIVAL), 39011 Santander, Spain
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35
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Samuelsson LB, Bovbjerg DH, Roecklein KA, Hall MH. Sleep and circadian disruption and incident breast cancer risk: An evidence-based and theoretical review. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2017; 84:35-48. [PMID: 29032088 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2017.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2017] [Revised: 09/26/2017] [Accepted: 10/11/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Opportunities for restorative sleep and optimal sleep-wake schedules are becoming luxuries in industrialized cultures, yet accumulating research has revealed multiple adverse health effects of disruptions in sleep and circadian rhythms, including increased risk of breast cancer. The literature on breast cancer risk has focused largely on adverse effects of night shift work and exposure to light at night (LAN), without considering potential effects of associated sleep disruptions. As it stands, studies on breast cancer risk have not considered the impact of both sleep and circadian disruption, and the possible interaction of the two through bidirectional pathways, on breast cancer risk in the population at large. We review and synthesize this literature, including: 1) studies of circadian disruption and incident breast cancer; 2) evidence for bidirectional interactions between sleep and circadian systems; 3) studies of sleep and incident breast cancer; and 4) potential mechanistic pathways by which interrelated sleep and circadian disruption may contribute to the etiology of breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura B Samuelsson
- Department of Psychology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Dana H Bovbjerg
- Department of Psychology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States; Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States; Department of Behavioral & Community Health Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States; Biobehavioral Oncology Program, University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Kathryn A Roecklein
- Department of Psychology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States; Center for the Neural Basis of Cognition, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Martica H Hall
- Department of Psychology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States; Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States.
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36
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Zhang L, Zhang Z, Wang F, Tian X, Ji P, Liu G. Effects of melatonin administration on embryo implantation and offspring growth in mice under different schedules of photoperiodic exposure. Reprod Biol Endocrinol 2017; 15:78. [PMID: 28969693 PMCID: PMC5625829 DOI: 10.1186/s12958-017-0297-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2017] [Accepted: 09/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Embryo implantation is crucial for animal reproduction. Unsuccessful embryo implantation leads to pregnancy failure, especially in human-assisted conception. Environmental factors have a profound impact on embryo implantation. Because people are being exposed to more light at night, the influence of long-term light exposure on embryo implantation should be explored. METHODS The effects of long photoperiodic exposure and melatonin on embryo implantation and offspring growth were examined. Long photoperiodic exposure (18:6 h light:dark) was selected to resemble light pollution. Melatonin (10-2, 10-3, 10-4, 10-5 M) was added to the drinking water of mice starting at Day 1 (vaginal plugs) until delivery. RESULTS Melatonin treatment (10-4,10-5 M) significantly increased litter sizes compared to untreated controls (12.9 ± 0.40 and 12.2 ± 1.01 vs. 11.5 ± 0.43; P < 0.05). The most effective concentration of melatonin (10-4 M) was selected for further investigation. No remarkable differences were found between melatonin-treated mice and controls in terms of the pups' birth weights, weaning survival rates, and weaning weights. Long photoperiodic exposure significantly reduced the number of implantation sites in treated mice compared to controls (light/dark, 12/12 h), and melatonin rescued this negative effect. Mechanistic studies revealed that melatonin enhanced the serum 17β-estradiol (E2) levels in the pregnant mice and upregulated the expression of the receptors MT1 and MT2 and p53 in uterine tissue. All of these factors may contribute to the beneficial effects of melatonin on embryo implantation in mice. CONCLUSION Melatonin treatment was associated with beneficial effects in pregnant mice, especially those subjected to long photoperiodic exposure. This was achieved by enhanced embryo implantation. At the molecular level, melatonin administration probably increases the E2 level during pregnancy and upregulates p53 expression by activating MT1/2 in the uterus. All of the changes may improve the microenvironment of the uterus and, thus, the outcomes of pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Zhang
- 0000 0004 0530 8290grid.22935.3fState Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding of the Ministry of Agriculture, National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193 China
- 0000 0004 1937 2197grid.169077.ePresent Address: Department of Animal Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907 USA
| | - Zhenzhen Zhang
- 0000 0004 0530 8290grid.22935.3fState Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding of the Ministry of Agriculture, National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193 China
| | - Feng Wang
- 0000 0004 0530 8290grid.22935.3fState Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding of the Ministry of Agriculture, National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193 China
| | - Xiuzhi Tian
- 0000 0004 0530 8290grid.22935.3fState Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding of the Ministry of Agriculture, National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193 China
| | - Pengyun Ji
- 0000 0004 0530 8290grid.22935.3fState Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding of the Ministry of Agriculture, National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193 China
| | - Guoshi Liu
- 0000 0004 0530 8290grid.22935.3fState Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding of the Ministry of Agriculture, National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193 China
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37
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Yeh CM, Su SC, Lin CW, Yang WE, Chien MH, Reiter RJ, Yang SF. Melatonin as a potential inhibitory agent in head and neck cancer. Oncotarget 2017; 8:90545-90556. [PMID: 29163852 PMCID: PMC5685773 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.20079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2017] [Accepted: 07/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Melatonin is a molecule secreted by the pineal gland; it is an important regulator of sleep and circadian rhythms. Through multiple interrelated mechanisms, melatonin exhibits various inhibitory properties at different stages of tumor progression. Many studies have explored the oncostatic effects of melatonin on hormone-dependent tumors. In this review, we highlight recent advances in understanding the effects of melatonin on the development of head and neck cancers, including molecular mechanisms identified through experimental and clinical observations. Because melatonin exerts a wide range of effects, melatonin may influence many mechanisms that influence the development of cancer. These include cell proliferation, apoptosis, angiogenesis, extracellular matrix remodeling through matrix metalloproteinases, and genetic polymorphism. Thus, the evidence discussed in this article will serve as a basis for basic and clinical research to promote the use of melatonin for understanding and controlling the development of head and neck cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chia-Ming Yeh
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Chi Su
- Whole-Genome Research Core Laboratory of Human Diseases, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung, Taiwan
| | - Chiao-Wen Lin
- Institute of Oral Sciences, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Department of Dentistry, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Wei-En Yang
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Department of Medical Research, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Hsien Chien
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Russel J Reiter
- Department of Cellular and Structural Biology, The University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Shun-Fa Yang
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Department of Medical Research, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
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38
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Majidinia M, Sadeghpour A, Mehrzadi S, Reiter RJ, Khatami N, Yousefi B. Melatonin: A pleiotropic molecule that modulates DNA damage response and repair pathways. J Pineal Res 2017; 63. [PMID: 28439991 DOI: 10.1111/jpi.12416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2017] [Accepted: 04/20/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
DNA repair is responsible for maintaining the integrity of the genome. Perturbations in the DNA repair pathways have been identified in several human cancers. Thus, compounds targeting DNA damage response (DDR) hold great promise in cancer therapy. A great deal of effort, in pursuit of new anticancer drugs, has been devoted to understanding the basic mechanisms and functions of the cellular DNA repair machinery. Melatonin, a widely produced indoleamine in all organisms, is associated with a reduced risk of cancer and has multiple regulatory roles on the different aspects of the DDR and DNA repair. Herein, we have mainly discussed how defective components in different DNA repair machineries, including homologous recombination (HR), nonhomologous end-joining (NHEJ), base excision repair (BER), nucleotide excision repair (NER), and finally DNA mismatch repair (MMR), can contribute to the risk of cancer. Melatonin biosynthesis, mode of action, and antioxidant effects are reviewed along with the means by which the indoleamine regulates DDR at the transduction, mediation, and functional levels. Finally, we summarize recent studies that illustrate how melatonin can be combined with DNA-damaging agents to improve their efficacy in cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Majidinia
- Solid Tumor Research Center, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Alireza Sadeghpour
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, School of Medicine and Shohada Educational Hospital, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Saeed Mehrzadi
- Health Promotion Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Russel J Reiter
- Department of Cellular and Structural Biology, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Nasrin Khatami
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Students Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Bahman Yousefi
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Molecular Targeting Therapy Research Group, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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AA-NAT, MT1 and MT2 Correlates with Cancer Stem-Like Cell Markers in Colorectal Cancer: Study of the Influence of Stage and p53 Status of Tumors. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18061251. [PMID: 28604612 PMCID: PMC5486074 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18061251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2017] [Revised: 06/05/2017] [Accepted: 06/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The characterization of colon cancer stem cells (CSCs) may help to develop novel diagnostic and therapeutic procedures. p53 loss increases the pool of CSCs in colorectal cancer (CRC). Recent reports suggest that the oncostatic effects of melatonin could be related to its ability to kill CSCs. Although there are no data linking the loss of p53 function and melatonin synthesis or signaling in cancer, melatonin does activate the p53 tumor-suppressor pathway in this disease. In this work, we analyze whether the expression of melatonin synthesis and signaling genes are related to the expression of CSC markers and the implication of p53 status in samples from patients with CRC. Arylalkylamine N-acetyltransferase (AA-NAT), MT1, and MT2 expression decreased in tumor samples versus normal mucosa samples in mutated p53 (mtp53) tumors versus those with wild-type p53 (wtp53). Further, AA-NAT and MT2 expression were lower in advanced stages of the disease in wtp53 tumors. On the contrary, CD44 and CD66c expression was higher in tumor versus normal mucosa in wtp53 tumors. Additionally, CD44 expression was higher in advanced stages of the disease regardless of the p53 status. Patients with CD44highCD66chigh and wtp53 tumors in advanced stages showed low expression of AA-NAT and MT2 in wtp53 tumors. These results could indicate a possible interaction of these pathways in CRC.
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40
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Melatonin and Fertoprotective Adjuvants: Prevention against Premature Ovarian Failure during Chemotherapy. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18061221. [PMID: 28590419 PMCID: PMC5486044 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18061221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2017] [Revised: 06/02/2017] [Accepted: 06/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Premature ovarian failure is one of the side effects of chemotherapy in pre-menopausal cancer patients. Preservation of fertility has become increasingly important in improving the quality of life of completely recovered cancer patients. Among the possible strategies for preserving fertility such as ovarian tissue cryopreservation, co-treatment with a pharmacological adjuvant is highly effective and poses less of a burden on the human body. Melatonin is generally produced in various tissues and acts as a universally acting antioxidant in cells. Melatonin is now more widely used in various biological processes including treating insomnia and an adjuvant during chemotherapy. In this review, we summarize the information indicating that melatonin may be useful for reducing and preventing premature ovarian failure in chemotherapy-treated female patients. We also mention that many adjuvants other than melatonin are developed and used to inhibit chemotherapy-induced infertility. This information will give us novel insights on the clinical use of melatonin and other agents as fertoprotective adjuvants for female cancer patients.
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41
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Melatonin and its metabolites protect human melanocytes against UVB-induced damage: Involvement of NRF2-mediated pathways. Sci Rep 2017; 7:1274. [PMID: 28455491 PMCID: PMC5430855 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-01305-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2016] [Accepted: 03/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Ultraviolet light (UV) is an inducer of reactive oxygen species (ROS) as well as 6-4-photoproducts and cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers (CPD) in the skin, which further cause damage to the skin cells. Irradiation of cultured human melanocytes with UVB stimulated ROS production, which was reduced in cells treated with melatonin or its metabolites: 6-hydroxymelatonin (6-OHM), N1-acetyl-N2-formyl-5-methoxykynuramine (AFMK), N-acetylserotonin (NAS), and 5-methoxytryptamine (5-MT). Melatonin and its derivatives also stimulated the expression of NRF2 (nuclear factor erythroid 2 [NF-E2]-related factor 2) and its target enzymes and proteins that play an important role in cell protection from different damaging factors including UVB. Silencing of NRF2 using siRNA diminished the protective effects of melatonin, while the membrane melatonin receptors (MT1 or MT2) did not change the activities of either melatonin or its derivatives. Melatonin and its metabolites enhanced the DNA repair in melanocytes exposed to UVB and stimulated expression of p53 phosphorylated at Ser-15. In conclusion, melatonin and its metabolites protect melanocytes from UVB-induced DNA damage and oxidative stress through activation of NRF2-dependent pathways; these actions are independent of an effect on the classic membrane melatonin receptors. Thus, melatonin and its derivatives can serve as excellent protectors of melanocytes against UVB-induced pathology.
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Martínez-Campa C, Menéndez-Menéndez J, Alonso-González C, González A, Álvarez-García V, Cos S. What is known about melatonin, chemotherapy and altered gene expression in breast cancer. Oncol Lett 2017; 13:2003-2014. [PMID: 28454355 PMCID: PMC5403278 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2017.5712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2016] [Accepted: 11/17/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Melatonin, synthesized in and released from the pineal gland, has been demonstrated by multiple in vivo and in vitro studies to have an oncostatic role in hormone-dependent tumors. Furthermore, several clinical trials point to melatonin as a promising adjuvant molecule to be considered for cancer treatment. In the past few years, evidence of a broader spectrum of action of melatonin as an antitumor agent has arisen; thus, melatonin appears to also have therapeutic effects in several types of hormone-independent cancer, including ovarian, leukemic, pancreatic, gastric and non-small cell lung carcinoma. In the present study, the latest findings regarding melatonin molecular actions when concomitantly administered with either radiotherapy or chemotherapy in cancer were reviewed, with a particular focus on hormone-dependent breast cancer. Finally, the present study discusses which direction should be followed in the next years to definitely clarify whether or not melatonin administration could protect against non-desirable effects (such as altered gene expression and post-translational protein modifications) caused by chemotherapy or radiotherapy treatments. As treatments move towards personalized medicine, comparative gene expression profiling with and without melatonin may be a powerful tool to better understand the antitumor effects of melatonin, the pineal gland hormone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Martínez-Campa
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Cantabria and Research Institute Valdecilla, 39011 Santander, Spain
- Correspondence to: Dr Carlos Martínez-Campa, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Cantabria and Research Institute Valdecilla, Av. Cardenal Herrera Oria s/n, 39011 Santander, Spain, E-mail:
| | - Javier Menéndez-Menéndez
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Cantabria and Research Institute Valdecilla, 39011 Santander, Spain
| | - Carolina Alonso-González
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Cantabria and Research Institute Valdecilla, 39011 Santander, Spain
| | - Alicia González
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Cantabria and Research Institute Valdecilla, 39011 Santander, Spain
| | - Virginia Álvarez-García
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Biophysics and Bioengineering, School of Engineering and Physical Sciences, Heriot Watt University, EH14 4AS Edinburgh, UK
| | - Samuel Cos
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Cantabria and Research Institute Valdecilla, 39011 Santander, Spain
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Ferreira CS, Carvalho KC, Maganhin CC, Paiotti APR, Oshima CTF, Simões MJ, Baracat EC, Soares JM. Does melatonin influence the apoptosis in rat uterus of animals exposed to continuous light? Apoptosis 2016; 21:155-62. [PMID: 26542995 DOI: 10.1007/s10495-015-1195-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Melatonin has been described as a protective agent against cell death and oxidative stress in different tissues, including in the reproductive system. However, the information on the action of this hormone in rat uterine apoptosis is low. Our objective was to evaluate the effects of melatonin on mechanisms of cell death in uterus of rats exposed to continuous light stress. Twenty adult Wistar rats were divided into two groups: GContr (vehicle control) and GExp which were treated with melatonin (0.4 mg/mL), both were exposed to continuous light for 90 days. The uterus was removed and processed for quantitative real time PCR (qRT-PCR), using PCR-array plates of the apoptosis pathway; for immunohistochemistry and TUNEL. The results of qRT-PCR of GEXP group showed up-regulation of 13 and 7, pro-apoptotic and anti-apoptotic genes, respectively, compared to GContr group. No difference in pro-apoptotic proteins (Bax, Fas and Faslg) expression was observed by immunohistochemistry, although the number of TUNEL-positive cells was lower in the group treated with melatonin compared to the group not treated with this hormone. Our data suggest that melatonin influences the mechanism and decreases the apoptosis in uterus of rats exposed to continuous light.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cecília S Ferreira
- Departamento de Ginecologia, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Avenida Doutor Arnaldo, 455. Sala 2113. Cerqueira César, CEP: 01246-923, São Paulo, Brazil. .,Laboratory of Structural and Molecular Gynecology (LIM-58), Disciplina de Ginecologia - Departmento de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Kátia C Carvalho
- Laboratory of Structural and Molecular Gynecology (LIM-58), Disciplina de Ginecologia - Departmento de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Carla C Maganhin
- Laboratory of Structural and Molecular Gynecology (LIM-58), Disciplina de Ginecologia - Departmento de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ana P R Paiotti
- Laboratory of Pathology Molecular, Departamento de Patologia, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Celina T F Oshima
- Laboratory of Pathology Molecular, Departamento de Patologia, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Manuel J Simões
- Departamento de Morfologia e Genética, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Edmund C Baracat
- Laboratory of Structural and Molecular Gynecology (LIM-58), Disciplina de Ginecologia - Departmento de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - José M Soares
- Laboratory of Structural and Molecular Gynecology (LIM-58), Disciplina de Ginecologia - Departmento de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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Sanchez-Barcelo EJ, Mediavilla MD, Vriend J, Reiter RJ. Constitutive photomorphogenesis protein 1 (COP1) and COP9 signalosome, evolutionarily conserved photomorphogenic proteins as possible targets of melatonin. J Pineal Res 2016; 61:41-51. [PMID: 27121162 DOI: 10.1111/jpi.12340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2016] [Accepted: 04/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The ubiquitin proteasome system has been proposed as a possible mechanism involved in the multiple actions of melatonin. COP1 (constitutive photomorphogenesis protein 1), a RING finger-type ubiquitin E3 ligase formerly identified in Arabidopsis, is a central switch for the transition from plant growth underground in darkness (etiolation) to growth under light exposure (photomorphogenesis). In darkness, COP1 binds to photomorphogenic transcription factors driving its degradation via the 26S proteasome; blue light, detected by cryptochromes, and red and far-red light detected by phytochromes, negatively regulate COP1. Homologues of plant COP1 containing all the structural features present in Arabidopsis as well as E3 ubiquitin ligase activity have been identified in mice and humans. Substrates for mammalian (m) COP1 include p53, AP-1 and c-Jun, p27(Kip1) , ETV1, MVP, 14-3-3σ, C/EBPα, MTA1, PEA3, ACC, TORC2 and FOXO1. This mCOP1 target suggests functions related to tumorigenesis, gluconeogenesis, and lipid metabolism. The role of mCOP1 in tumorigenesis (either as a tumor promoter or tumor suppressor), as well as in glucose metabolism (inhibition of gluconeogenesis) and lipid metabolism (inhibition of fatty acid synthesis), has been previously demonstrated. COP1, along with numerous other ubiquitin ligases, is regulated by the COP9 signalosome; this protein complex is associated with the oxidative stress sensor Keap1 and the deubiquitinase USP15. The objective of this review was to provide new information on the possible role of COP1 and COP9 as melatonin targets. The hypothesis is based on common functional aspects of melatonin and COP1 and COP9, including their dependence on light, regulation of the metabolism, and their control of tumor growth.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Maria D Mediavilla
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Cantabria, Santander, Spain
| | - Jerry Vriend
- Department of Human Anatomy and Cell Science, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Russel J Reiter
- Department of Cellular and Structural Biology, UT Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX, USA
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Song G, Yoon KA, Chi H, Roh J, Kim JH. Decreased concentration of serum melatonin in nighttime compared with daytime female medical technologists in South Korea. Chronobiol Int 2016; 33:1305-1310. [PMID: 27385051 DOI: 10.1080/07420528.2016.1199562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Working during the night can disrupt the normal circadian rhythm by altering the melatonin level. A low level of melatonin is associated with an increased risk of cancer, possibly by decreasing the expression of tumor-suppressor genes, such as p53. To determine whether nighttime work is associated with melatonin level in serum as well as the expression of related genetic markers, we enrolled 100 female nighttime medical technologists employed at a hospital in South Korea. Melatonin concentration and melatonin receptor 1 (MT1) expression were significantly lower in nighttime than in daytime workers (1.84 pg/mL versus 4.04 pg/mL; 1.16 versus 1.61, respectively). However, p53 expression showed no difference between the groups. In summary, nighttime work could be an important risk factor for circadian disruption, but not a direct risk factor for cancer in medical technologists in South Korea.
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Affiliation(s)
- GiSeon Song
- a Seegene Medical Foundation , Seoul , Korea.,c Samkwang Medical Laboratories , Seoul , Korea
| | - Kyong-Ah Yoon
- b College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University , Seoul , Korea
| | | | - Jaehoon Roh
- d The Institute for Occupational Health , Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health , Seoul , Korea.,e The Institute for Occupational Health , Yonsei University College of Medicine , Seoul , Korea.,f Graduate School of Public Health , Yonsei University College of Medicine , Seoul , Korea
| | - Jin-Hee Kim
- g Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, College of Health Science , Cheongju University , Cheongju , Korea
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Chuffa LGA, Alves MS, Martinez M, Camargo ICC, Pinheiro PFF, Domeniconi RF, Júnior LAL, Martinez FE. Apoptosis is triggered by melatonin in an in vivo model of ovarian carcinoma. Endocr Relat Cancer 2016; 23:65-76. [PMID: 26555801 DOI: 10.1530/erc-15-0463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/09/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Apoptosis plays an important role in the treatment of cancer, and targeting apoptosis-related molecules in ovarian cancer (OC) is of great therapeutic value. Melatonin (Mel) is an indoleamine displaying several anti-cancer properties and has been reported to modulate apoptosis signaling in multiple tumor subtypes. We investigated OC and the role of Mel therapy on the pro-apoptotic (p53, BAX, caspase-3, and cleaved caspase-3) and anti-apoptotic (Bcl-2 and survivin) proteins in an ethanol (EtOH)-preferring rat model. To induce OC, the left ovary was injected directly with a single dose of 100 μg 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene dissolved in 10 μl of sesame oil under the bursa. Right ovaries were used as sham-surgery controls. After developing OC, half of the animals received i.p. injections of Mel (200 μg/100 g BW per day) for 60 days. Body weight gain, EtOH consumption, and energy intake were unaffected by the treatments. Interestingly, absolute and relative OC masses showed a significant reduction after Mel therapy, regardless of EtOH consumption. To accomplish OC-related apoptosis, we first observed that p53, BAX, caspase-3, and cleaved caspase-3 were downregulated in OC tissue while Bcl-2 and survivin were overexpressed. Notably, Mel therapy and EtOH intake promoted apoptosis along with the upregulation of p53, BAX, and cleaved caspase-3. Fragmentation of DNA observed by TUNEL-positive nuclei was also enhanced following Mel treatment. In addition, Bcl-2 was downregulated by the EtOH intake and lower survivin levels were observed after Mel therapy. Taken together, these results suggest that Mel induce apoptosis in OC cells of EtOH-preferring animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luiz Gustavo A Chuffa
- Department of AnatomyInstitute of Biosciences of Botucatu, UNESP - Universidade Estadual Paulista, PO Box 18618-970, Rubião Júnior, s/n, Botucatu, São Paulo 510, BrazilDepartment of Morphology and PathologyUFSCar - Universidade Federal de São Carlos, São Carlos, São Paulo 13565-905, BrazilDepartment of Biological SciencesFaculty of Sciences and Letters, UNESP - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Assis, São Paulo 19806-900, Brazil
| | - Michelly S Alves
- Department of AnatomyInstitute of Biosciences of Botucatu, UNESP - Universidade Estadual Paulista, PO Box 18618-970, Rubião Júnior, s/n, Botucatu, São Paulo 510, BrazilDepartment of Morphology and PathologyUFSCar - Universidade Federal de São Carlos, São Carlos, São Paulo 13565-905, BrazilDepartment of Biological SciencesFaculty of Sciences and Letters, UNESP - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Assis, São Paulo 19806-900, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Martinez
- Department of AnatomyInstitute of Biosciences of Botucatu, UNESP - Universidade Estadual Paulista, PO Box 18618-970, Rubião Júnior, s/n, Botucatu, São Paulo 510, BrazilDepartment of Morphology and PathologyUFSCar - Universidade Federal de São Carlos, São Carlos, São Paulo 13565-905, BrazilDepartment of Biological SciencesFaculty of Sciences and Letters, UNESP - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Assis, São Paulo 19806-900, Brazil
| | - Isabel Cristina C Camargo
- Department of AnatomyInstitute of Biosciences of Botucatu, UNESP - Universidade Estadual Paulista, PO Box 18618-970, Rubião Júnior, s/n, Botucatu, São Paulo 510, BrazilDepartment of Morphology and PathologyUFSCar - Universidade Federal de São Carlos, São Carlos, São Paulo 13565-905, BrazilDepartment of Biological SciencesFaculty of Sciences and Letters, UNESP - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Assis, São Paulo 19806-900, Brazil
| | - Patricia F F Pinheiro
- Department of AnatomyInstitute of Biosciences of Botucatu, UNESP - Universidade Estadual Paulista, PO Box 18618-970, Rubião Júnior, s/n, Botucatu, São Paulo 510, BrazilDepartment of Morphology and PathologyUFSCar - Universidade Federal de São Carlos, São Carlos, São Paulo 13565-905, BrazilDepartment of Biological SciencesFaculty of Sciences and Letters, UNESP - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Assis, São Paulo 19806-900, Brazil
| | - Raquel F Domeniconi
- Department of AnatomyInstitute of Biosciences of Botucatu, UNESP - Universidade Estadual Paulista, PO Box 18618-970, Rubião Júnior, s/n, Botucatu, São Paulo 510, BrazilDepartment of Morphology and PathologyUFSCar - Universidade Federal de São Carlos, São Carlos, São Paulo 13565-905, BrazilDepartment of Biological SciencesFaculty of Sciences and Letters, UNESP - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Assis, São Paulo 19806-900, Brazil
| | - Luiz Antonio L Júnior
- Department of AnatomyInstitute of Biosciences of Botucatu, UNESP - Universidade Estadual Paulista, PO Box 18618-970, Rubião Júnior, s/n, Botucatu, São Paulo 510, BrazilDepartment of Morphology and PathologyUFSCar - Universidade Federal de São Carlos, São Carlos, São Paulo 13565-905, BrazilDepartment of Biological SciencesFaculty of Sciences and Letters, UNESP - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Assis, São Paulo 19806-900, Brazil
| | - Francisco Eduardo Martinez
- Department of AnatomyInstitute of Biosciences of Botucatu, UNESP - Universidade Estadual Paulista, PO Box 18618-970, Rubião Júnior, s/n, Botucatu, São Paulo 510, BrazilDepartment of Morphology and PathologyUFSCar - Universidade Federal de São Carlos, São Carlos, São Paulo 13565-905, BrazilDepartment of Biological SciencesFaculty of Sciences and Letters, UNESP - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Assis, São Paulo 19806-900, Brazil
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Alonso-González C, González A, Martínez-Campa C, Menéndez-Menéndez J, Gómez-Arozamena J, García-Vidal A, Cos S. Melatonin enhancement of the radiosensitivity of human breast cancer cells is associated with the modulation of proteins involved in estrogen biosynthesis. Cancer Lett 2016; 370:145-52. [PMID: 26497762 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2015.10.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2015] [Revised: 10/14/2015] [Accepted: 10/15/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Enhancing the radiosensitivity of cancer cells is one of the most important tasks in clinical radiobiology. Endocrine therapy and radiotherapy are two cancer treatment modalities which are often given together in patients with locally-advanced breast cancer and positive hormone-receptor status. Oncostatic actions of melatonin are relevant on estrogen-dependent mammary tumors. In the present study, we wanted to evaluate the effects of the combination of ionizing radiation and melatonin on proteins involved in estrogen biosynthesis in breast cancer cells. We demonstrated a role of melatonin in mediating the sensitization of human breast cancer cells to the ionizing radiation by decreasing around 50% the activity and expression of proteins involved in the synthesis of estrogens in these cells. Thus, melatonin pretreatment before radiation reduces the amount of active estrogens at cancer cell level. Melatonin 1 nM induced a 2-fold change in p53 expression as compared to radiation alone. The regulatory action of melatonin on p53 could be a link between melatonin and its modulatory action on the sensitivity of breast cancer cells to ionizing radiation. These findings may have implications for designing clinical trials using melatonin and radiotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Alonso-González
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Cantabria and Instituto de Investigación Valdecilla (IDIVAL), Spain
| | - Alicia González
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Cantabria and Instituto de Investigación Valdecilla (IDIVAL), Spain
| | - Carlos Martínez-Campa
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Cantabria and Instituto de Investigación Valdecilla (IDIVAL), Spain
| | - Javier Menéndez-Menéndez
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Cantabria and Instituto de Investigación Valdecilla (IDIVAL), Spain
| | - José Gómez-Arozamena
- Department of Medical Physics, School of Medicine, University of Cantabria, 39011 Santander, Spain
| | - Angela García-Vidal
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Cantabria and Instituto de Investigación Valdecilla (IDIVAL), Spain
| | - Samuel Cos
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Cantabria and Instituto de Investigación Valdecilla (IDIVAL), Spain.
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Vriend J, Reiter RJ. Breast cancer cells: Modulation by melatonin and the ubiquitin-proteasome system--a review. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2015; 417:1-9. [PMID: 26363225 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2015.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2015] [Accepted: 09/01/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Melatonin inhibits human breast cancer cells stimulated with estrogen. This antiproliferative action depends on the presence of the estrogen receptor alpha (ERα) in the human MCF-7 cell line and is strictly dose-dependent. Since researchers concerned with melatonin and breast cancer have not considered the relevance of the ubiquitin-proteasome system to this research in this review we do so. The fact that the first breast cancer susceptibility gene to be identified, Brca1, functions as a ubiquitin ligase indicates that the ubiquitin-proteasome system has a role in regulating susceptibility to breast cancer. While mutations of this gene increase the incidence of breast cancer, the wild type gene suppresses estrogen-dependent transcriptional events relying on the estrogen receptor ERα. Three other ubiquitin ligases, SCF(Skp2), E6AP and APC, interact directly with ERα at the ERE and AP-1 promoters of ERα target genes. Melatonin, like proteasome inhibitors, decreases estrogen-induced gene transcription. Indeed, it has been reported that melatonin specifically inhibits estrogen-induced transcription mediated by ERα at the ERE and AP1 gene promoters. Herein, we present a model in which the inhibitory action of melatonin on MCF-7 cells is mediated, directly or indirectly, by the ubiquitin-proteasome system. In this model ERα, apoptotic proteins, and cell cycle proteins, all influenced by melatonin, are substrates of key ubiquitin ligases including SCF(Skp2), E6AP, and SCF(B-TrCP). Since dysfunction of the ubiquitin-proteasome system is a risk factor for breast cancer, this model provides a context in which to test the clinical potential, and limitations, of melatonin and proteasome inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jerry Vriend
- Department of Human Anatomy and Cell Science, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada.
| | - Russel J Reiter
- Department of Cellular and Structural Biology, UT Health Science Center San Antonio, TX, USA
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Benabu JC, Stoll F, Gonzalez M, Mathelin C. [Night work, shift work: Breast cancer risk factor?]. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015; 43:791-9. [PMID: 26597486 DOI: 10.1016/j.gyobfe.2015.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2015] [Accepted: 10/08/2015] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this review was to determine the link between night/shift work and breast cancer. METHODS The analysed articles were taken from the PUBMED database between 1996 and 2015. The keywords used were "breast cancer risk", "night work" and "shift work". In total, 25 articles were selected. RESULTS Night/shift workers are more at risk to develop a breast cancer (relative risk (RR) between 1.09; 95% CI: 1.02-1.20 and 1.48; 95% CI: 1.36-1.61 in the meta-analyses). However, this risk is not found by some cohort and case-control studies. The circadian rhythm disruption, responsible of disorderliness of melatonin secretion, could be one of the mechanisms involved in the increase of that risk. Hormonal status of night/shift workers, their geographic origin, their lifestyle and their vitamin D deficiency appear as other mechanisms potentially responsible for increased risk of cancer in this professional population. Moreover, a dose-effect connection may exist, with an increase of the risk with the number of years of night/shift work. CONCLUSION Night/shift work is associated with a moderate increased risk of breast cancer, especially among women who worked over 20 years. Recommendations concerning the breast monitoring in this population could be diffused. The benefit of melatonin supplementation remains to be assessed.
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Affiliation(s)
- J-C Benabu
- Pôle de gynécologie-obstétrique, CHRU de Strasbourg, avenue Molière, 67200 Strasbourg cedex, France.
| | - F Stoll
- Pôle de gynécologie-obstétrique, CHRU de Strasbourg, avenue Molière, 67200 Strasbourg cedex, France
| | - M Gonzalez
- Service de pathologie professionnelle et médecine du travail, CHRU de Strasbourg, 67092 Strasbourg cedex, France
| | - C Mathelin
- Unité de sénologie, CHRU de Strasbourg, avenue Molière, 67200 Strasbourg cedex, France
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Molecular aspects of melatonin (MLT)-mediated therapeutic effects. Life Sci 2015; 135:147-57. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2015.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2015] [Revised: 06/15/2015] [Accepted: 06/23/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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