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Cho H, Jo M, Oh H, Lee Y, Park Y. Synergistic antidepressant-like effect of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and probiotics through the brain-gut axis in rats exposed to chronic mild stress. J Nutr Biochem 2023; 116:109326. [PMID: 36963732 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2023.109326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Revised: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/26/2023]
Abstract
N-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) and probiotics have antidepressant-like effects, but the underlying mechanisms are unclear. We hypothesized that n-3 PUFA combined with live and dead probiotics synergistically improves depression by modulating the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis and serotonergic pathways through the brain-gut axis. Rats were randomly divided into seven groups (n = 8/group): non-chronic mild stress (CMS) with n-6 PUFA, CMS with n-3 PUFA, n-6 PUFA, live probiotics, dead probiotics, n-3 PUFA and live probiotics, and n-3 PUFA and dead probiotics. Diets of n-6 and n-3 PUFA and oral supplementation of live and dead probiotics were provided for 12 weeks, and CMS was performed for the last 5 weeks. N-3 PUFA and probiotics improved depressive behaviors and modulated the brain and gut HPA axis by synergistically increasing glucocorticoid receptor expression and decreasing corticotropin-releasing factor expression and blood levels of adrenocorticotropic hormone and corticosterone. N-3 PUFA and probiotics upregulated the brain serotonergic pathway through serotonin levels and expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor, phosphorylated cAMP response binding protein, and 5-hydroxytryptamine 1A receptor while downregulating the gut serotonergic pathway. Furthermore, n-3 PUFA and probiotics increased the abundance of Ruminococcaceae, brain and gut short chain fatty acid levels, and occludin expression while decreasing the expression of tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-1β, and prostaglandin E2 and blood lipopolysaccharides levels. There was no significant difference between the live and dead probiotics. In conclusion, n-3 PUFA and probiotics had synergistic antidepressant-like effects on the HPA axis and serotonergic pathways of the brain and gut through the brain-gut axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyunji Cho
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Korea
| | - Miyea Jo
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Korea
| | - Haemin Oh
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Korea
| | - Yunjung Lee
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Korea
| | - Yongsoon Park
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Korea.
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2
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Choi JE, Borkowski K, Newman JW, Park Y. N-3 PUFA improved post-menopausal depression induced by maternal separation and chronic mild stress through serotonergic pathway in rats-effect associated with lipid mediators. J Nutr Biochem 2021; 91:108599. [PMID: 33548474 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2021.108599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2020] [Revised: 11/26/2020] [Accepted: 12/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Early life maternal separation (MS) increases the vulnerability to depression in rats with chronic mild stress (CMS). N-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) improved depressive behaviors in rats with acute stress; however, their effects on rats with MS+CMS were not apparent. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the hypothesis that lifetime n-3 PUFA supplementation improves post-menopausal depression through the serotonergic and glutamatergic pathways while modulating n-3 PUFA-derived metabolites. Female rats were fed diets of either 0% n-3 PUFA during lifetime or 1% energy n-3 PUFA during pre-weaning, post-weaning, or lifetime periods. Rats were allocated to non-MS or MS groups and underwent CMS after ovariectomy. N-3 PUFA increased brain n-3 PUFA-derived endocannabinoid/oxylipin levels, and reversed depressive behaviors. N-3 PUFA decreased blood levels of adrenocorticotropic hormone and corticosterone, and brain expressions of corticotropin-releasing factor and miRNA-218, which increased the expression of the glucocorticoid receptor. N-3 PUFA decreased the expression of tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin (IL)-6, IL-1β, and prostaglandin E2, while increased the expression of miRNA-155. N-3 PUFA also increased brainstem serotonin levels and hippocampal expression of the serotonin-1A receptor, cAMP response element-binding protein (CREB), phospho-CREB, and brain-derived neurotrophic factor. However, n-3 PUFA did not affect brain expression of α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazole propionate receptor subtype 1, N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor subtype 2B, or miRNA-132. Moreover, n-3 PUFA exposure during lifetime caused greater effects than pre- and post-weaning periods. The present study suggested that n-3 PUFA improved depressive behaviors through serotonergic pathway while modulating the metabolites of n-3 PUFA in post-menopausal depressed rats with chronic stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeong-Eun Choi
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Hanyang University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Kamil Borkowski
- UC Davis Genome Center, University of California - Davis, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - John W Newman
- UC Davis Genome Center, University of California - Davis, Davis, California 95616, USA; Department of Nutrition, University of California - Davis, Davis, California 95616, USA; Western Human Nutrition Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, Davis, California, USA
| | - Yongsoon Park
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Hanyang University, Seoul, South Korea.
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3
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Delcourte S, Etievant A, Haddjeri N. Role of central serotonin and noradrenaline interactions in the antidepressants' action: Electrophysiological and neurochemical evidence. PROGRESS IN BRAIN RESEARCH 2021; 259:7-81. [PMID: 33541681 DOI: 10.1016/bs.pbr.2021.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The development of antidepressant drugs, in the last 6 decades, has been associated with theories based on a deficiency of serotonin (5-HT) and/or noradrenaline (NA) systems. Although the pathophysiology of major depression (MD) is not fully understood, numerous investigations have suggested that treatments with various classes of antidepressant drugs may lead to an enhanced 5-HT and/or adapted NA neurotransmissions. In this review, particular morpho-physiological aspects of these systems are first considered. Second, principal features of central 5-HT/NA interactions are examined. In this regard, the effects of the acute and sustained antidepressant administrations on these systems are discussed. Finally, future directions including novel therapeutic strategies are proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Delcourte
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Inserm, Stem Cell and Brain Research Institute U1208, Bron, France
| | - Adeline Etievant
- Integrative and Clinical Neurosciences EA481, University of Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Besançon, France
| | - Nasser Haddjeri
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Inserm, Stem Cell and Brain Research Institute U1208, Bron, France.
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4
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Choi JE, Kim EY, Park Y. N-3 PUFA improved pup separation-induced postpartum depression via serotonergic pathway regulated by miRNA. J Nutr Biochem 2020; 84:108417. [PMID: 32629237 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2020.108417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2019] [Revised: 01/31/2020] [Accepted: 05/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Stress and ovarian hormone fluctuation are risk factors for postpartum depression (PPD). Previous studies suggested antidepressant-like effects of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), but their effect on dam animal with additional stress were not clear. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the hypothesis that n-3 PUFA improved PPD through the serotonergic and glutamatergic pathways by modulating miRNA. Rats were fed n-3 PUFA or control diet from gestation, with pup separation (PS) on postpartum days 2-14 and non-PS controls. N-3 PUFA reversed PS-induced depressive behaviors, including increased immobility, latencies to contact first pup and retrieve all pups, and decreased sucrose preference. N-3 PUFA also modulated the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis by decreasing circulating levels of adrenocorticotropic hormone and corticosterone and expression of hypothalamic corticotrophin releasing factor and hippocampal miRNA-218 but increasing the hippocampal expression of glucocorticoid receptor. N-3 PUFA inhibited neuroinflammation by decreasing circulating levels of prostaglandin E2 and hippocampal expression of tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-6, and miRNA-155. In addition, n-3 PUFA up-regulated the serotonergic pathway by increasing circulating levels of serotonin and hippocampal expression of serotonin-1A receptor, cAMP response element binding protein (CREB), pCREB, brain-derived neurotrophic factor, and miRNA-182 but did not affect the glutamatergic pathway according to the hippocampal expression of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor-2B. The present study suggested that n-3 PUFA improved PPD through the serotonergic pathway by modifying the HPA axis, neuroinflammation, and related miRNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeong-Eun Choi
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimni-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Young Kim
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimni-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Yongsoon Park
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimni-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea.
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Ago Y, Hasebe S, Hiramatsu N, Hashimoto H, Takuma K, Matsuda T. Psychopharmacology of combined activation of the serotonin 1A and σ 1 receptors. Eur J Pharmacol 2017; 809:172-177. [PMID: 28529139 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2017.05.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2017] [Revised: 05/09/2017] [Accepted: 05/17/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
The selective serotonin (5-HT) reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) are generally used for the treatment of major depressive disorders, and the 5-HT1A and σ1 receptors are considered to be targets for treatment of psychiatric disorders. Some SSRIs such as fluvoxamine have agonistic activity towards for the σ1 receptor, but it is not known whether the effect on the receptor plays a key role in the pharmacological effects. We have recently demonstrated that fluvoxamine shows an anti-anhedonic effect in picrotoxin-induced model of anxiety/depression, while the SSRI paroxetine, which have little affinity for the σ1 receptor, does not. We also suggest that the anti-anhedonic effect of fluvoxamine is mediated by combined activation of the 5-HT1A and σ1 receptors and it is associated with activation of prefrontal dopaminergic system. In these studies, picrotoxin-treated mice and adrenalectomized/castrated mice were used as decreased GABAA receptor function and neurosteroid-deficient models, respectively. These findings suggest that the functional interaction between the 5-HT1A and σ1 receptors activates prefrontal dopaminergic system under the conditions of decreased brain GABAA receptor function and the neurochemical effect is linked to the behavioral effect. This review summarizes the pharmacological role of the 5-HT1A and σ1 receptors, focusing on the functional interaction between these receptors, and the role of prefrontal dopaminergic system in depressive-like behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yukio Ago
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuropharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, 1-6 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Shigeru Hasebe
- Department of Pharmacology, Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka University, 1-8 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Naoki Hiramatsu
- Laboratory of Medicinal Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, 1-6 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Hashimoto
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuropharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, 1-6 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan; United Graduate School of Child Development, Osaka University, Kanazawa University, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Chiba University and University of Fukui, 2-2 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan; Division of Bioscience, Institute for Datability Science, Osaka University, 1-1 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Takuma
- Department of Pharmacology, Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka University, 1-8 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan; United Graduate School of Child Development, Osaka University, Kanazawa University, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Chiba University and University of Fukui, 2-2 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Toshio Matsuda
- Laboratory of Medicinal Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, 1-6 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.
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Jiang DG, Jin SL, Li GY, Li QQ, Li ZR, Ma HX, Zhuo CJ, Jiang RH, Ye MJ. Serotonin regulates brain-derived neurotrophic factor expression in select brain regions during acute psychological stress. Neural Regen Res 2016; 11:1471-1479. [PMID: 27857753 PMCID: PMC5090852 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.191222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous studies suggest that serotonin (5-HT) might interact with brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) during the stress response. However, the relationship between 5-HT and BDNF expression under purely psychological stress is unclear. In this study, one hour before psychological stress exposure, the 5-HT1A receptor agonist 8-OH-DPAT or antagonist MDL73005, or the 5-HT2A receptor agonist DOI or antagonist ketanserin were administered to rats exposed to psychological stress. Immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization revealed that after psychological stress, with the exception of the ventral tegmental area, BDNF protein and mRNA expression levels were higher in the 5-HT1A and the 5-HT2A receptor agonist groups compared with the solvent control no-stress or psychological stress group in the CA1 and CA3 of the hippocampus, prefrontal cortex, central amygdaloid nucleus, dorsomedial hypothalamic nucleus, dentate gyrus, shell of the nucleus accumbens and the midbrain periaqueductal gray. There was no significant difference between the two agonist groups. In contrast, after stress exposure, BDNF protein and mRNA expression levels were lower in the 5-HT1A and 5-HT2A receptor antagonist groups than in the solvent control non-stress group, with the exception of the ventral tegmental area. Our findings suggest that 5-HT regulates BDNF expression in a rat model of acute psychological stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- De-guo Jiang
- Department of Psychiatry, Wenzhou 7 People's Hospital, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Shi-li Jin
- Department of Psychiatry, Second Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong Province, China
| | - Gong-ying Li
- Department of Psychiatry, Second Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong Province, China
- Department of Psychiatry, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong Province, China
| | - Qing-qing Li
- Department of Psychiatry, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong Province, China
| | - Zhi-ruo Li
- Department of Psychiatry, Second Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong Province, China
| | - Hong-xia Ma
- Department of Psychiatry, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong Province, China
| | - Chuan-jun Zhuo
- Department of Psychiatry, Wenzhou 7 People's Hospital, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
- Department of Psychiatry, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong Province, China
- Department of Psychiatry, Tianjin Anding Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Rong-huan Jiang
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Department of Psychological Medicine, Chinese PLA Medical School, Beijing, China
| | - Min-jie Ye
- The Affiliated Kangning Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
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7
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Stiedl O, Pappa E, Konradsson-Geuken Å, Ögren SO. The role of the serotonin receptor subtypes 5-HT1A and 5-HT7 and its interaction in emotional learning and memory. Front Pharmacol 2015; 6:162. [PMID: 26300776 PMCID: PMC4528280 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2015.00162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2015] [Accepted: 07/20/2015] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Serotonin [5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT)] is a multifunctional neurotransmitter innervating cortical and limbic areas involved in cognition and emotional regulation. Dysregulation of serotonergic transmission is associated with emotional and cognitive deficits in psychiatric patients and animal models. Drugs targeting the 5-HT system are widely used to treat mood disorders and anxiety-like behaviors. Among the fourteen 5-HT receptor (5-HTR) subtypes, the 5-HT1AR and 5-HT7R are associated with the development of anxiety, depression and cognitive function linked to mechanisms of emotional learning and memory. In rodents fear conditioning and passive avoidance (PA) are associative learning paradigms to study emotional memory. This review assesses the role of 5-HT1AR and 5-HT7R as well as their interplay at the molecular, neurochemical and behavioral level. Activation of postsynaptic 5-HT1ARs impairs emotional memory through attenuation of neuronal activity, whereas presynaptic 5-HT1AR activation reduces 5-HT release and exerts pro-cognitive effects on PA retention. Antagonism of the 5-HT1AR facilitates memory retention possibly via 5-HT7R activation and evidence is provided that 5HT7R can facilitate emotional memory upon reduced 5-HT1AR transmission. These findings highlight the differential role of these 5-HTRs in cognitive/emotional domains of behavior. Moreover, the results indicate that tonic and phasic 5-HT release can exert different and potentially opposing effects on emotional memory, depending on the states of 5-HT1ARs and 5-HT7Rs and their interaction. Consequently, individual differences due to genetic and/or epigenetic mechanisms play an essential role for the responsiveness to drug treatment, e.g., by SSRIs which increase intrasynaptic 5-HT levels thereby activating multiple pre- and postsynaptic 5-HTR subtypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oliver Stiedl
- Department of Functional Genomics, Behavioral Neuroscience Group, Center for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research, Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam - VU University Amsterdam Amsterdam, Netherlands ; Department of Molecular and Cellular Neurobiology, Behavioral Neuroscience Group, Center for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research, Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam -VU University Amsterdam Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Elpiniki Pappa
- Department of Functional Genomics, Behavioral Neuroscience Group, Center for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research, Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam - VU University Amsterdam Amsterdam, Netherlands ; Department of Molecular and Cellular Neurobiology, Behavioral Neuroscience Group, Center for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research, Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam -VU University Amsterdam Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | | | - Sven Ove Ögren
- Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet Stockholm, Sweden
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8
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Able JA, Liu Y, Jandacek R, Rider T, Tso P, McNamara RK. Omega-3 fatty acid deficient male rats exhibit abnormal behavioral activation in the forced swim test following chronic fluoxetine treatment: association with altered 5-HT1A and alpha2A adrenergic receptor expression. J Psychiatr Res 2014; 50:42-50. [PMID: 24360505 PMCID: PMC3904789 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2013.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2013] [Revised: 11/01/2013] [Accepted: 11/20/2013] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Omega-3 fatty acid deficiency during development leads to enduing alterations in central monoamine neurotransmission in rat brain. Here we investigated the effects of omega-3 fatty acid deficiency on behavioral and neurochemical responses to chronic fluoxetine (FLX) treatment. Male rats were fed diets with (CON, n = 34) or without (DEF, n = 30) the omega-3 fatty acid precursor alpha-linolenic acid (ALA) during peri-adolescent development (P21-P90). A subset of CON (n = 14) and DEF (n = 12) rats were administered FLX (10 mg/kg/d) through their drinking water for 30 d beginning on P60. The forced swimming test (FST) was initiated on P90, and regional brain mRNA markers of serotonin and noradrenaline neurotransmission were determined. Dietary ALA depletion led to significant reductions in frontal cortex docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, 22:6n-3) composition in DEF (-26%, p = 0.0001) and DEF + FLX (-32%, p = 0.0001) rats. Plasma FLX and norfluoxetine concentrations did not different between FLX-treated DEF and CON rats. During the 15-min FST pretest, DEF + FLX rats exhibited significantly greater climbing behavior compared with CON + FLX rats. During the 5-min test trial, FLX treatment reduced immobility and increased swimming in CON and DEF rats, and only DEF + FLX rats exhibited significant elevations in climbing behavior. DEF + FLX rats exhibited greater midbrain, and lower frontal cortex, 5-HT1A mRNA expression compared with all groups including CON + FLX rats. DEF + FLX rats also exhibited greater midbrain alpha2A adrenergic receptor mRNA expression which was positively correlated with climbing behavior in the FST. These preclinical data demonstrate that low omega-3 fatty acid status leads to abnormal behavioral and neurochemical responses to chronic FLX treatment in male rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica A. Able
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45267
| | - Yanhong Liu
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45267
| | - Ronald Jandacek
- Department of Pathology, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati OH 45237
| | - Therese Rider
- Department of Pathology, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati OH 45237
| | - Patrick Tso
- Department of Pathology, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati OH 45237
| | - Robert K. McNamara
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45267,Corresponding author: Robert K. McNamara, Ph.D. Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience University of Cincinnati College of Medicine 260 Stetson Street Cincinnati, OH 45219-0516 PH: 513-558-5601 FAX: 513-558-4805
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9
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Nguyen HT, Guiard BP, Bacq A, David DJ, David I, Quesseveur G, Gautron S, Sanchez C, Gardier AM. Blockade of the high-affinity noradrenaline transporter (NET) by the selective 5-HT reuptake inhibitor escitalopram: an in vivo microdialysis study in mice. Br J Pharmacol 2014; 168:103-16. [PMID: 22233336 DOI: 10.1111/j.1476-5381.2012.01850.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Escitalopram, the S(+)-enantiomer of citalopram is the most selective 5-HT reuptake inhibitor approved. Although all 5-HT selective reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) increase extracellular levels of 5-HT ([5-HT](ext)). some also enhance, to a lesser extent, extracellular levels of noradrenaline ([NA](ext)). However, the mechanisms by which SSRIs activate noradrenergic transmission in the brain remain to be determined. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH This study examined the effects of escitalopram, on both [5-HT](ext) and [NA](ext) in the frontal cortex (FCx) of freely moving wild-type (WT) and mutant mice lacking the 5-HT transporter (SERT(-/-)) by using intracerebral microdialysis. We explored the possibilities that escitalopram enhances [NA](ext), either by a direct mechanism involving the inhibition of the low- or high-affinity noradrenaline transporters, or by an indirect mechanism promoted by [5-HT](ext) elevation. The forced swim test (FST) was used to investigate whether enhancing cortical [5-HT](ext) and/or [NA](ext) affected the antidepressant-like activity of escitalopram. KEY RESULTS In WT mice, a single systemic administration of escitalopram produced a significant increase in cortical [5-HT](ext) and [NA](ext). As expected, escitalopram failed to increase cortical [5-HT](ext) in SERT(-/-) mice, whereas its neurochemical effects on [NA](ext) persisted in these mutants. In WT mice subjected to the FST, escitalopram increased swimming parameters without affecting climbing behaviour. Finally, escitalopram, at relevant concentrations, failed to inhibit cortical noradrenaline and 5-HT uptake mediated by low-affinity monoamine transporters. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS These experiments suggest that escitalopram enhances, although moderately, cortical [NA](ext) in vivo by a direct mechanism involving the inhibition of the high-affinity noradrenaline transporter (NET).
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai T Nguyen
- Laboratoire de Neuropharmacologie, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Paris-Sud XI, Châtenay-Malabry, France
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10
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Alkam T, Kim HC, Mamiya T, Yamada K, Hiramatsu M, Nabeshima T. Evaluation of cognitive behaviors in young offspring of C57BL/6J mice after gestational nicotine exposure during different time-windows. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2013; 230:451-63. [PMID: 23793357 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-013-3175-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2012] [Accepted: 06/03/2013] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Gestational nicotine exposure is associated with cognitive abnormalities in young offspring. However, practical strategies for prevention or treatment of impaired cognitive behaviors of offspring are not available due to the lack of systematic investigation of underlying mechanism. Therefore, this study aimed at examining the effects of gestational and/or perinatal nicotine exposure (GPNE) on cognitive behaviors in offspring of C57BL/6J mice to provide systematic behavioral data. Pregnant mice were exposed to nicotine via sweetened drinking water during six time-windows, including gestational day 0 to day 13 (G0-G13), G14-postnatal day 0 (P0), G0-P0, G14-P7, G0-P7, and P0-P7. During P42-P56 days, both male and female offspring were given a battery of behavioral tests. Depending on the time of exposure, GPNE impaired working memory, object-based attention, and prepulse inhibition in male and female offspring to different extents. Nicotine exposure during G14-P0 also decreased norepinephrine turnover in the prefrontal cortex on P28 and P56. Overall results indicate that nicotine exposure during any time-windows of development impairs cognitive behaviors in offspring, and suggest that certain time-windows, e.g., G14-P0, should be selected for further studies on the underlying neurochemical or molecular mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tursun Alkam
- Research Project on the Risk of Chemical Substances, Food Hygiene Association, The Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare, Tokyo, 100-8916, Japan
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11
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Li X, Frye MA, Shelton RC. Review of pharmacological treatment in mood disorders and future directions for drug development. Neuropsychopharmacology 2012; 37:77-101. [PMID: 21900884 PMCID: PMC3238080 DOI: 10.1038/npp.2011.198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2011] [Revised: 08/06/2011] [Accepted: 08/06/2011] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
After a series of serendipitous discoveries of pharmacological treatments for mania and depression several decades ago, relatively little progress has been made for novel hypothesis-driven drug development in mood disorders. Multifactorial etiologies of, and lack of a full understanding of, the core neurobiology of these conditions clearly have contributed to these development challenges. There are, however, relatively novel targets that have raised opportunities for progress in the field, such as glutamate and cholinergic receptor modulators, circadian regulators, and enzyme inhibitors, for alternative treatment. This review will discuss these promising new treatments in mood disorders, the underlying mechanisms of action, and critical issues of their clinical application. For these new treatments to be successful in clinical practice, it is also important to design innovative clinical trials that identify the specific actions of new drugs, and, ideally, to develop biomarkers for monitoring individualized treatment response. It is predicted that future drug development will identify new agents targeting the molecular mechanisms involved in the pathophysiology of mood disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohua Li
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA.
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12
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Hache G, Coudore F, Gardier AM, Guiard BP. Monoaminergic Antidepressants in the Relief of Pain: Potential Therapeutic Utility of Triple Reuptake Inhibitors (TRIs). Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2011. [PMCID: PMC4053958 DOI: 10.3390/ph4020285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Over 75% of depressed patients suffer from painful symptoms predicting a greater severity and a less favorable outcome of depression. Imaging, anatomical and functional studies have demonstrated the existence of common brain structures, neuronal pathways and neurotransmitters in depression and pain. In particular, the ascending serotonergic and noradrenergic pathways originating from the raphe nuclei and the locus coeruleus; respectively, send projections to the limbic system. Such pathways control many of the psychological functions that are disturbed in depression and in the perception of pain. On the other hand, the descending pathways, from monoaminergic nuclei to the spinal cord, are specifically implicated in the inhibition of nociception providing rationale for the use of serotonin (5-HT) and/or norepinephrine (NE) reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs, NRIs, SNRIs), in the relief of pain. Compelling evidence suggests that dopamine (DA) is also involved in the pathophysiology and treatment of depression. Indeed, recent insights have demonstrated a central role for DA in analgesia through an action at both the spinal and suprasinal levels including brain regions such as the periaqueductal grey (PAG), the thalamus, the basal ganglia and the limbic system. In this context, dopaminergic antidepressants (i.e., containing dopaminergic activity), such as bupropion, nomifensine and more recently triple reuptake inhibitors (TRIs), might represent new promising therapeutic tools in the treatment of painful symptoms with depression. Nevertheless, whether the addition of the dopaminergic component produces more robust effects than single- or dual-acting agents, has yet to be demonstrated. This article reviews the main pathways regulating pain transmission in relation with the monoaminergic systems. It then focuses on the current knowledge regarding the in vivo pharmacological properties and mechanism of action of monoaminergic antidepressants including SSRIs, NRIs, SNRIs and TRIs. Finally, a synthesis of the preclinical studies supporting the efficacy of these antidepressants in analgesia is also addressed in order to highlight the relative contribution of 5-HT, NE and DA to nociception.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guillaume Hache
- Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: ; Tel.: 011-331-46-83-53-61
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Abstract
There is growing evidence to show that atypical antipsychotic quetiapine might exert an anxiolytic effect in patients. Nevertheless, the mechanism underlying this effect has not yet been fully explored. Like other anxiolytic drugs, quetiapine exhibits partial agonistic activity toward serotonergic 1A (5HT1A) receptors. The involvement of the serotonin system in anxiety, particularly of 5HT1A receptors, has been widely documented. In this study we have investigated whether different doses of quetiapine (5, 10, and 30 mg/kg, oral gavage) administered to C57BL6/N mice could produce an anxiolytic effect in the Vogel conflict test, a classical model of anxiety, and whether or not the selective 5HT1A antagonist WAY100635 (0.1 mg/kg, subcutaneously) might prevent such an effect. Our results show that 10 mg/kg quetiapine exhibits an anxiolytic effect, that is, at least in part, 5HT1A-mediated, because it is completely eliminated by WAY100635.
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Kehr J, Hu XJ, Yoshitake T, Wang FH, Osborne P, Stenfors C, Ogren SO. The selective 5-HT(1A) receptor antagonist NAD-299 increases acetylcholine release but not extracellular glutamate levels in the frontal cortex and hippocampus of awake rat. Eur Neuropsychopharmacol 2010; 20:487-500. [PMID: 20413275 DOI: 10.1016/j.euroneuro.2010.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2009] [Revised: 02/12/2010] [Accepted: 03/13/2010] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The effects of the HT(1A) receptor antagonist NAD-299 on extracellular acetylcholine (ACh) and glutamate (Glu) levels in the frontal cortex (FC) and ventral hippocampus (HPC) of the awake rats were investigated by the use of in vivo microdialysis. Systemic administration of NAD-299 (0.3; 1 and 3micromol/kg s.c.) caused a dose-dependent increase in ACh levels in FC and HPC (peak value of 209% and 221%, respectively) and this effect was comparable to that induced by donepezil (2.63micromol/kg s.c.). Moreover, the ACh levels in the FC increased even after repeated (14days) treatment with NAD-299 and when NAD-299 was injected locally into the nucleus basalis magnocellularis or perfused through the microdialysis probe implanted in the cortex. In contrast, NAD-299 failed to alter the extracellular levels of glutamate after systemic (3micromol/kg s.c.) or local (100microM) administration. The present data support the hypothesis that cholinergic transmission in cortico-limbic regions can be enhanced via blockade of postsynaptic 5-HT(1A) receptors, which may underlie the proposed cognitive enhancing properties of NAD-299 in models characterized by cholinergic deficit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Kehr
- Department of Neuroscience, Retzius väg 8, Karolinska Institutet, SE-171 77 Stockholm, Sweden.
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15
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Haenisch B, Bilkei-Gorzo A, Caron MG, Bönisch H. Knockout of the norepinephrine transporter and pharmacologically diverse antidepressants prevent behavioral and brain neurotrophin alterations in two chronic stress models of depression. J Neurochem 2009; 111:403-16. [PMID: 19694905 DOI: 10.1111/j.1471-4159.2009.06345.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Diverse factors such as changes in neurotrophins and brain plasticity have been proposed to be involved in the actions of antidepressant drugs (ADs). However, in mouse models of depression based on chronic stress, it is still unclear whether simultaneous changes in behavior and neurotrophin expression occur and whether these changes can be corrected or prevented comparably by chronic administration of ADs or genetic manipulations that produce antidepressant-like effects such as the knockout of the norepinephrine transporter (NET) gene. Here we show that chronic restraint or social defeat stress induce comparable effects on behavior and changes in the expression of neurotrophins in depression-related brain regions. Chronic stress caused down-regulation of BDNF, nerve growth factor, and neurotrophin-3 in hippocampus and cerebral cortex and up-regulation of these targets in striatal regions. In wild-type mice, these effects could be prevented by concomitant chronic administration of five pharmacologically diverse ADs. In contrast, NET knock out (NETKO) mice were resistant to stress-induced depressive-like changes in behavior and brain neurotrophin expression. Thus, the resistance of the NETKO mice to the stress-induced depression-associated behaviors and biochemical changes highlight the importance of noradrenergic pathways in the maintenance of mood. In addition, these mice represent a useful model to study depression-resistant behaviors, and they might help to provide deeper insights into the identification of downstream targets involved in the mechanisms of antidepressants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Britta Haenisch
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany.
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16
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Huang M, Li Z, Dai J, Shahid M, Wong EHF, Meltzer HY. Asenapine increases dopamine, norepinephrine, and acetylcholine efflux in the rat medial prefrontal cortex and hippocampus. Neuropsychopharmacology 2008; 33:2934-45. [PMID: 18418367 DOI: 10.1038/npp.2008.20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Atypical antipsychotic drugs, which are more potent direct acting antagonists of brain serotonin (5-HT)(2A) than dopamine (DA) D(2) receptors, preferentially enhance DA and acetylcholine (ACh) efflux in the rat medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) and hippocampus (HIP), compared with the nucleus accumbens (NAc). These effects may contribute to their ability, albeit limited, to improve cognitive function and negative symptoms in patients with schizophrenia. Asenapine (ASE), a new multireceptor antagonist currently in development for the treatment of schizophrenia and bipolar disorder, has complex serotonergic properties based upon relatively high affinity for multiple serotonin (5-HT) receptors, particularly 5-HT(2A) and 5-HT(2C) receptors. In the current study, the effects of ASE on DA, norepinephrine (NE), 5-HT, ACh, glutamate, and gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) efflux in rat mPFC, HIP, and NAc were investigated with microdialysis in awake, freely moving rats. ASE at 0.05, 0.1, and 0.5 mg/kg (s.c.), but not 0.01 mg/kg, significantly increased DA efflux in the mPFC and HIP. Only the 0.5 mg/kg dose enhanced DA efflux in the NAc. ASE, at 0.1 and 0.5 mg/kg, significantly increased ACh efflux in the mPFC, but only the 0.5 mg/kg dose of ASE increased HIP ACh efflux. ASE did not increase ACh efflux in the NAc at any of the doses tested. The effect of ASE (0.1 mg/kg) on DA and ACh efflux was blocked by pretreatment with WAY100635, a 5-HT(1A) antagonist/D(4) agonist, suggesting involvement of indirect 5-HT(1A) agonism in both the actions. ASE, at 0.1 mg/kg, increased NE, but not 5-HT, efflux in the mPFC and HIP. ASE, at 0.1 mg/kg (s.c.), had no effect on glutamate and GABA efflux in either the mPFC or NAc. These findings indicate that ASE is similar to clozapine and other atypical antipsychotic drugs in preferentially increasing the efflux of DA, NE, and ACh in the mPFC and HIP compared with the NAC, and suggests that, like these agents, it may also improve cognitive function and negative symptoms in patients with schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei Huang
- Department of Psychiatry, Division of Psychopharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
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Millan MJ, Dekeyne A. Discriminative stimulus properties of the selective norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor, reboxetine, in rats: a characterization with alpha/beta-adrenoceptor subtype selective ligands, antidepressants, and antagonists at neuropeptide receptors. Int J Neuropsychopharmacol 2007; 10:579-93. [PMID: 17076935 DOI: 10.1017/s1461145706007309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Although little information is available concerning discriminative stimulus (DS) properties of antidepressants, rats can be trained to recognize the selective norepinephrine (NE) reuptake inhibitor, reboxetine (2.5 mg/kg i.p.). By analogy to reboxetine (effective dose50, 1.1), 'full' (80%) substitution dose50 was obtained with the NE reuptake inhibitors, nisoxetine (4.9), nomifensine (0.5) and BW1555,U88 (1.0). Full substitution was also attained with the NE/serotonin (5-HT) reuptake inhibitors, S33005 (0.3), venlafaxine (4.8) and duloxetine (26.8), and the tricyclics, imipramine (2.5) and clomipramine (2.9). In contrast, the 5-HT reuptake inhibitors, citalopram, sertraline and paroxetine (all >2.5), and the 5-HT reuptake inhibitors/5-HT2 receptor antagonists, nefazodone and trazodone (both >10.0), did not substitute for reboxetine. The 'atypical' antidepressants, mirtazapine (>10.0) and mianserin (>2.5), similarly failed to substitute. DS properties of reboxetine were dose-dependently blocked by the alpha1-adrenoceptor (AR) antagonists, prazosin (inhibitory dose50, 0.3) and WB4101 (0.5), but resistant to the alpha2-AR antagonists, atipamezole (>0.63), idazoxan (>2.5) and RX821,002 (>0.08), and to the beta1-AR and beta2-AR antagonists, betaxolol (>2.5) and ICI118,551 (>10.0). Interestingly, the neurokinin-1 receptor antagonist, GR205,171, stereospecifically substituted for reboxetine (1.1) compared to its less active isomer, GR226,206 (>10.0). The corticotrophin-releasing factor-1 antagonists, DMP695 (>40), CP154,526 (>10.0) and SN003 (>40.0), and the melanin-concentrating hormone-1 antagonist, SNAP-7941 (>40.0), failed to substitute for reboxetine. In conclusion, DS properties of reboxetine are mimicked by antidepressants recognizing NE transporters, and require functionally intact alpha1-ARs for their expression. The neurokinin-1 antagonist, GR205,171, mimics the interoceptive properties of reboxetine, possibly reflecting its elevation of extracellular levels of NE in corticolimbic structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark J Millan
- Institut de Recherches Servier, Centre de Recherches de Croissy, Psychopharmacology Department, Croissy-sur-Seine, Paris, France.
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19
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Starr KR, Price GW, Watson JM, Atkinson PJ, Arban R, Melotto S, Dawson LA, Hagan JJ, Upton N, Duxon MS. SB-649915-B, a novel 5-HT1A/B autoreceptor antagonist and serotonin reuptake inhibitor, is anxiolytic and displays fast onset activity in the rat high light social interaction test. Neuropsychopharmacology 2007; 32:2163-72. [PMID: 17356576 DOI: 10.1038/sj.npp.1301341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Preclinically, the combination of an SSRI and 5-HT autoreceptor antagonist has been shown to reduce the time to onset of anxiolytic activity compared to an SSRI alone. In accordance with this, clinical data suggest the coadministration of an SSRI and (+/-) pindolol can decrease the time to onset of anxiolytic/antidepressant activity. Thus, the dual-acting novel SSRI and 5-HT(1A/B) receptor antagonist, SB-649915-B, has been assessed in acute and chronic preclinical models of anxiolysis. SB-649915-B (0.1-1.0 mg/kg, i.p.) significantly reduced ultrasonic vocalization in male rat pups separated from their mothers (ED(50) of 0.17 mg/kg). In the marmoset human threat test SB-649915-B (3.0 and 10 mg/kg, s.c.) significantly reduced the number of postures with no effect on locomotion. In the rat high light social interaction (SI), SB-649915-B (1.0-7.5 mg/kg, t.i.d.) and paroxetine (3.0 mg/kg, once daily) were orally administered for 4, 7, and 21 days. Ex vivo inhibition of [(3)H]5-HT uptake was also measured following SI. SB-649915-B and paroxetine had no effect on SI after 4 days. In contrast to paroxetine, SB-649915-B (1.0 and 3.0 mg/kg, p.o., t.i.d.) significantly (p<0.05) increased SI time with no effect on locomotion, indicative of an anxiolytic-like profile on day 7. Anxiolysis was maintained after chronic (21 days) administration by which time paroxetine also increased SI significantly. 5-HT uptake was inhibited by SB-649915-B at all time points to a similar magnitude as that seen with paroxetine. In conclusion, SB-649915-B is acutely anxiolytic and reduces the latency to onset of anxiolytic behavior compared to paroxetine in the SI model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathryn R Starr
- Schizophrenia and Bipolar Research, Psychiatry Centre of Excellence in Drug Discovery, GlaxoSmithKline, New Frontiers Science Park, Essex CM19 5AW, UK
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20
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O'Leary OF, Bechtholt AJ, Crowley JJ, Hill TE, Page ME, Lucki I. Depletion of serotonin and catecholamines block the acute behavioral response to different classes of antidepressant drugs in the mouse tail suspension test. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2007; 192:357-71. [PMID: 17318507 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-007-0728-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 133] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2006] [Accepted: 01/26/2007] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE Few studies have investigated whether the behavioral effects elicited by different types of antidepressant drugs are mediated by either serotonin (5-HT) or the catecholamines norepinephrine (NE) and dopamine (DA). OBJECTIVES By depleting 5-HT, or NE and DA, the present study investigated the contributions of these monoamines to the acute behavioral effects of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs; fluoxetine and citalopram) and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (NRIs; desipramine and reboxetine) in the mouse tail suspension test (TST). RESULTS Depletion of 5-HT tissue content by para-chlorophenylalanine (PCPA), an inhibitor of tryptophan hydroxylase, completely blocked reductions of immobility by the SSRIs in the TST. In contrast, PCPA did not alter the behavioral effects of the NRIs. Inhibition of catecholamine synthesis by alpha-methyl-para-tyrosine (AMPT) reduced brain NE and DA tissue content, whereas disruption of vesicular storage with reserpine decreased brain NE, DA and 5-HT tissue content. However, neither treatment completely prevented responses to desipramine, fluoxetine, or citalopram in the TST. Depleting both newly synthesized and vesicular components of NE and DA transmission with a combination of reserpine and AMPT completely prevented the behavioral effects of desipramine, reboxetine, and fluoxetine and attenuated those of citalopram. Although PCPA did not alter baseline immobility, AMPT and reserpine increased baseline values in the TST. CONCLUSIONS These studies demonstrated that endogenous 5-HT synthesis mediates the behavioral effects of SSRIs, but not NRIs, in the TST. In contrast, disruption of the behavioral effects of NRI and SSRI antidepressants required disruption of both catecholamine synthesis and vesicular storage and release mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivia F O'Leary
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
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21
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Kim JH, Kim SY, Lee SY, Jang CG. Antidepressant-like effects of Albizzia julibrissin in mice: Involvement of the 5-HT1A receptor system. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 2007; 87:41-7. [PMID: 17477962 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbb.2007.03.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2006] [Revised: 03/10/2007] [Accepted: 03/30/2007] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The present study was undertaken to investigate the antidepressant-like effects of the methylene chloride fraction of Albizzia julibrissin (MCAJ) using a tail suspension test in mice. MCAJ was orally administered at 50, 100, or 200 mg/kg to mice, 1 h before the tail suspension test. Acute treatment with MCAJ at 200 mg/kg significantly reduced the immobility time compared with the control group, and thus showed an antidepressant-like effect. This effect was comparable to that of imipramine at 10 mg/kg. This antidepressant-like effect was reversed by treatment with WAY-100635 (a 5-HT1A receptor antagonist) or pindolol (a 5-HT1A/1B receptor antagonist). However, the antidepressant effect of MCAJ was not effected by treatment with GR55562 (a 5-HT1B receptor antagonist) or ketanserin (a 5-HT2A receptor antagonist). Therefore, our findings suggest that MCAJ exerts its antidepressant-like effect via the 5-HT1A receptor system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Hyun Kim
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 440-746, Republic of Korea
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22
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Müller CP, Carey RJ, Huston JP, De Souza Silva MA. Serotonin and psychostimulant addiction: Focus on 5-HT1A-receptors. Prog Neurobiol 2007; 81:133-78. [PMID: 17316955 DOI: 10.1016/j.pneurobio.2007.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 232] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2006] [Revised: 12/04/2006] [Accepted: 01/03/2007] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Serotonin(1A)-receptors (5-HT(1A)-Rs) are important components of the 5-HT system in the brain. As somatodendritic autoreceptors they control the activity of 5-HT neurons, and, as postsynaptic receptors, the activity in terminal areas. Cocaine (COC), amphetamine (AMPH), methamphetamine (METH) and 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine ("Ecstasy", MDMA) are psychostimulant drugs that can lead to addiction-related behavior in humans and in animals. At the neurochemical level, these psychostimulant drugs interact with monoamine transporters and increase extracellular 5-HT, dopamine and noradrenalin activity in the brain. The increase in 5-HT, which, in addition to dopamine, is a core mechanism of action for drug addiction, hyperactivates 5-HT(1A)-Rs. Here, we first review the role of the various 5-HT(1A)-R populations in spontaneous behavior to provide a background to elucidate the contribution of the 5-HT(1A)-Rs to the organization of psychostimulant-induced addiction behavior. The progress achieved in this field shows the fundamental contribution of brain 5-HT(1A)-Rs to virtually all behaviors associated with psychostimulant addiction. Importantly, the contribution of pre- and postsynaptic 5-HT(1A)-Rs can be dissociated and frequently act in opposite directions. We conclude that 5-HT(1A)-autoreceptors mainly facilitate psychostimulant addiction-related behaviors by a limitation of the 5-HT response in terminal areas. Postsynaptic 5-HT(1A)-Rs, in contrast, predominantly inhibit the expression of various addiction-related behaviors directly. In addition, they may also influence the local 5-HT response by feedback mechanisms. The reviewed findings do not only show a crucial role of 5-HT(1A)-Rs in the control of brain 5-HT activity and spontaneous behavior, but also their complex role in the regulation of the psychostimulant-induced 5-HT response and subsequent addiction-related behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian P Müller
- Institute of Physiological Psychology I, University of Düsseldorf, Universitätsstr. 1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany.
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Watson JM, Dawson LA. Characterization of the potent 5-HT(1A/B) receptor antagonist and serotonin reuptake inhibitor SB-649915: preclinical evidence for hastened onset of antidepressant/anxiolytic efficacy. CNS DRUG REVIEWS 2007; 13:206-23. [PMID: 17627673 PMCID: PMC6726354 DOI: 10.1111/j.1527-3458.2007.00012.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
An increase in brain serotonin (5-HT) levels is thought to be a key mechanism of action responsible for generating antidepressant efficacy. It has been proven that selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors are effective antidepressants, but the delay to therapeutic onset of these agents is thought to be due to the time required for 5-HT1A, and possibly 5-HT1B, autoreceptors to desensitize. Therefore, an agent incorporating 5-HT reuptake inhibition coupled with 5-HT1A and/or 5-HT1B autoreceptor antagonism may provide a fast-acting clinical agent. The current studies review the profile of SB-649915 (6-[(1-{2-[(2-methylquinolin-5-yl)oxy]ethyl}piperidin-4-yl)methyl]-2H-1,4-benzoxazin-3(4H)-one), a novel compound with high affinity for human (h) 5-HT1A and 5-HT1B receptors (pKi values of 8.6 and 8.0, respectively) as well as the (h) 5-HT transporter (SERT) (pKi value of 9.3). SB-649915 behaved as an antagonist at both 5-HT1A and 5-HT1B receptors in vitro and in vivo, reversing 5-HT, (+)8-hydroxy-2-(di-n-propylamino) tetralin (8-OH-DPAT) and SKF99101-induced functional/behavioral responses. Furthermore, it inhibited [3H]5-HT reuptake in rat cortical synaptosomes, in vitro and ex vivo. In electrophysiological studies SB-649915 had no effect on rat dorsal raphe neuronal cell firing per se, but reversed 8-OH-DPAT-induced inhibition of firing both in vitro and in vivo. In addition, in a microdialysis study, it produced an acute increase in extracellular 5-HT in forebrain structures of the rat. Finally, SB-649915 demonstrated acute anxiolytic activity in both rodent and non-human primate and reduced the latency to onset of anxiolytic behavior, compared to paroxetine, in the rat social interaction paradigm. In summary, SB-649915 is a novel, potent 5-HT1A/1B autoreceptor antagonist, and 5-HT reuptake inhibitor. This particular pharmacological profile provides a novel mechanism that could offer fast-acting antidepressant activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeannette M Watson
- Psychiatry Centre of Excellence for Drug Discovery, GlaxoSmithKline, New Frontiers Science Park, Harlow, Essex, UK.
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Harasawa T, Ago Y, Itoh S, Baba A, Matsuda T. Role of serotonin type 1A receptors in fluvoxamine-induced inhibition of marble-burying behavior in mice. Behav Pharmacol 2006; 17:637-40. [PMID: 17021397 DOI: 10.1097/01.fbp.0000236266.34182.1c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
This study examined the roles of presynaptic and postsynaptic serotonin type 1A receptors in fluvoxamine-induced inhibition of marble-burying behavior in mice. The effect of fluvoxamine was attenuated by the serotonin type 1A receptor antagonist WAY100635 at 1 mg/kg, while it was enhanced by the antagonist at 0.1 mg/kg. Fluvoxamine (30 mg/kg) and WAY100635 (0.1 and 1 mg/kg) did not affect spontaneous locomotor activity. These results suggest that the effect of fluvoxamine is mediated by postsynaptic serotonin type 1A receptors and it is enhanced by an inhibition of presynaptic serotonin type 1A receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshiya Harasawa
- Laboratory of Medicinal Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
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25
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Huang M, Ichiwaka J, Li Z, Dai J, Meltzer HY. Augmentation by citalopram of risperidone-induced monoamine release in rat prefrontal cortex. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2006; 185:274-81. [PMID: 16521036 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-005-0206-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2005] [Accepted: 09/18/2005] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE A typical antipsychotics (APDs), e.g. olanzapine and risperidone, have been reported to be effective adjunctive treatment for depression if selective serotonin (5-HT) reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) alone are ineffective. OBJECTIVES AND METHODS We utilized microdialysis in awake, freely moving rats to study the effect of risperidone in combination with citalopram, an SSRI, on extracellular 5-HT, dopamine (DA), and norepinephrine (NE) efflux in rat medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC). RESULTS Risperidone (1.0 mg/kg, s.c.), given alone, significantly increased 5-HT, DA, and NE concentrations in the mPFC. Citalopram (10 mg/kg, s.c.), by itself, produced a significant increase in 5-HT levels only. The combination of risperidone and citalopram produced significantly greater increases in efflux of both DA and NE than risperidone alone. However, the effect of this combination on extracellular 5-HT concentrations was not significantly different than that of citalopram alone. The augmentation of DA and NE efflux induced by risperidone plus citalopram could be partially blocked by the selective 5-HT1A antagonist, WAY 100635 (0.2 mg/kg, s.c.). CONCLUSIONS The results suggest that the ability of atypical APDs to augment the therapeutic efficacy of SSRIs in major depression and treatment-resistant depression may be due, at least in part, to potentiation of SSRI-induced increases in cortical DA and NE. The contributions of 5-HT1A receptor stimulation and 5-HT2A and alpha2 adrenergic receptor antagonism to this augmentation are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei Huang
- Division of Psychopharmacology, Departments of Psychiatry and Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
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26
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Blardi P, de Lalla A, Auteri A, Iapichino S, Dell'Erba A, Castrogiovanni P. Plasma catecholamine levels after fluoxetine treatment in depressive patients. Neuropsychobiology 2005; 51:72-6. [PMID: 15741747 DOI: 10.1159/000084163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2005] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
It is known that selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, widely used as antidepressive drugs, act by inhibiting the cell reuptake of serotonin, but their effect on the catecholaminergic system is not yet completely understood. In this study, we investigated plasma concentrations of norepinephrine, epinephrine and dopamine after acute and chronic administration of fluoxetine in depressive patients. Twelve patients affected by major depression received a single oral dose of fluoxetine in the morning, 5 mg in the first 5 days, 10 mg from the 6th to the 10th day and 20 mg from the 11th to the 40th day. Twelve healthy subjects received a placebo under identical testing procedures. Blood samples were collected at baseline and 7, 10 and 24 h after drug administration on the 1st day of fluoxetine administration at a dose of 5 mg, and on the 1st and the 30th day of fluoxetine administration at a dose of 20 mg (days 11 and 40 of treatment, respectively). We found that plasma norepinephrine, epinephrine and dopamine levels significantly increased after acute and chronic treatment (p < 0.001), reaching the highest concentrations on the last day. No significant changes of these parameters were observed in control patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrizia Blardi
- Center of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Clinical Medicine and Immunological Sciences, University of Siena, Siena, Italy.
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Ago Y, Nakamura S, Baba A, Matsuda T. Sulpiride in combination with fluvoxamine increases in vivo dopamine release selectively in rat prefrontal cortex. Neuropsychopharmacology 2005; 30:43-51. [PMID: 15383832 DOI: 10.1038/sj.npp.1300567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Coadministration of atypical antipsychotics and selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) enhances the release of monoamines such as dopamine (DA), norepinephrine (NE), and serotonin (5-HT) in the prefrontal cortex. To clarify the role of DA-D2/3 receptors in the combination effect, we examined the effects of coadministration of the selective DA-D2/3 antagonist sulpiride and the SSRI fluvoxamine on amine neurotransmitter release in rat prefrontal cortex. Sulpiride (10 mg/kg, i.p.) and fluvoxamine (10 mg/kg, i.p.) alone did not affect extracellular DA levels, while their coadministration caused a significant increase in DA levels. Sulpiride alone did not affect extracellular levels of 5-HT and NE in the prefrontal cortex, while fluvoxamine alone caused a marked increase in 5-HT levels and a slight increase in NE levels. Sulpiride did not affect the fluvoxamine-induced increases in extracellular levels of 5-HT and NE. The DA-D2/3 antagonist haloperidol (0.1 mg/kg) in combination with fluvoxamine also caused a selective increase in extracellular DA levels in the cortex. Coadministration of sulpiride and fluvoxamine did not affect extracellular DA levels in the striatum. Combination of systemic sulpiride and local fluvoxamine did not increase the DA levels, but that of systemic fluvoxamine with local sulpiride increased. The combination effect in increasing prefrontal DA levels was antagonized systemically, but not locally, by the 5-HT1A antagonist WAY100635 at a low dose. These findings suggest that the combination of prefrontal DA-D2/3 receptor blockade and 5-HT1A receptor activation in regions other than the cortex plays an important role in sulpiride and fluvoxamine-induced increase in prefrontal DA release.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yukio Ago
- Laboratory of Medicinal Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
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Ago Y, Koyama Y, Baba A, Matsuda T. Regulation by 5-HT1A receptors of the in vivo release of 5-HT and DA in mouse frontal cortex. Neuropharmacology 2003; 45:1050-6. [PMID: 14614948 DOI: 10.1016/s0028-3908(03)00304-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
This study examines the effects of serotonin (5-HT)1A receptor ligands on the in vivo release of 5-HT and dopamine (DA) in the prefrontal cortex of mice. Oral MKC-242 and 8-OH-DPAT, selective 5-HT1A receptor agonists, decreased cortical 5-HT release at low and high doses, while the receptor agonists increased cortical DA release only at a high dose. Local application of the selective 5-HT1A receptor antagonist, WAY100635, via a dialysis probe, antagonized oral MKC-242-induced increase in cortical DA release, but did not affect the decrease in cortical 5-HT release. Local application of 8-OH-DPAT at 100 and 300 nM via a dialysis probe increased cortical DA release, but did not affect cortical 5-HT release. The effects of oral MKC-242 and 8-OH-DPAT on 5-HT release were blocked by low and high doses of WAY100635, while blocking the agonist-induced increase in DA release required a high dose of WAY100635. These results suggest that 5-HT release and DA release in the frontal cortex of mice are regulated by pre- and postsynaptic 5-HT1A receptors, respectively, and that the presynaptic 5-HT1A receptor-mediated response is more sensitive to inhibition by WAY100635 than the postsynaptic 5-HT1A receptor-mediated response in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yukio Ago
- Laboratory of Medicinal Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, 1-6 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
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David DJP, Bourin M, Jego G, Przybylski C, Jolliet P, Gardier AM. Effects of acute treatment with paroxetine, citalopram and venlafaxine in vivo on noradrenaline and serotonin outflow: a microdialysis study in Swiss mice. Br J Pharmacol 2003; 140:1128-36. [PMID: 14530210 PMCID: PMC1574124 DOI: 10.1038/sj.bjp.0705538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
1. This study investigated whether a single administration of a range of doses (1, 4 and 8 mg kg-1, i.p.) of paroxetine, citalopram or venlafaxine may simultaneously increase extracellular levels of 5-HT ([5-HT]ext) and noradrenaline ([NA]ext) by using in vivo microdialysis in the frontal cortex (FCx) of awake, freely moving Swiss mice. 2. In vivo, paroxetine induced similar increases in cortical [5-HT]ext at the three doses tested, and induced a statistically significant increase in cortical [NA]ext at 4 and 8 mg x kg-1. Citalopram increased neither [5-HT]ext nor [NA]ext at the lowest dose, but increased both neurotransmitter levels at 4 and 8 mg x kg-1. At these doses, citalopram induced greater increases in cortical [5-HT]ext than in [NA]ext. Venlafaxine increased [5-HT]ext and [NA]ext to about 400 and 140% of the respective basal values at 8 mg kg-1. 3. Citalopram and paroxetine have the highest potency to increase cortical [5-HT]ext and [NA]ext, respectively. In addition, the rank of order of efficacy of these antidepressant drugs to increase [5-HT]ext in vivo in the FCx of mice was as follows: venlafaxine>citalopram>paroxetine, while the efficacy to increase cortical [NA]ext in mice of paroxetine and citalopram is similar, and greater than that of venlafaxine. 4. In conclusion, extracellular levels of cortical [NA]ext increase with the highest doses of the very selective SSRI citalopram, as well as with the very potent SSRI paroxetine. Surprisingly, the SNRI venlafaxine increased cortical [5-HT]ext to a greater extent rather than [NA]ext in the range of doses studied in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- D J P David
- EA 3544, Lab. Neuropharmacologie, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Paris-Sud, Châtenay-Malabry 92296, France
- EA 3256 Neurobiologie de l'anxiété et de la dépression, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Nantes, Nantes 44035, France
| | - M Bourin
- EA 3256 Neurobiologie de l'anxiété et de la dépression, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Nantes, Nantes 44035, France
| | - G Jego
- EA 3544, Lab. Neuropharmacologie, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Paris-Sud, Châtenay-Malabry 92296, France
| | - C Przybylski
- EA 3544, Lab. Neuropharmacologie, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Paris-Sud, Châtenay-Malabry 92296, France
| | - P Jolliet
- EA 3256 Neurobiologie de l'anxiété et de la dépression, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Nantes, Nantes 44035, France
| | - A M Gardier
- EA 3544, Lab. Neuropharmacologie, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Paris-Sud, Châtenay-Malabry 92296, France
- Author for correspondence:
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Arrue A, Ruiz-Ortega JA, Ugedo L, Giralt MT. Short-term effects of 3,4-methylenedioximethamphetamine on noradrenergic activity in locus coeruleus and hippocampus of the rat. Neurosci Lett 2003; 337:123-6. [PMID: 12536039 DOI: 10.1016/s0304-3940(02)01252-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
This study was undertaken to investigate the effects of the administration of 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) on the locus coeruleus firing rate, on the sensitivity of the alpha(2)-adrenoceptors which regulate neuronal activity and on the in vivo tyrosine hydroxylase activity in hippocampus. The basal firing rate was not modified by either a single dose or repeated doses of MDMA, although the latter produced a shift to the right in the dose-response curve for clonidine-induced inhibition of the firing rate (ED(50) increased by 59%) and a reduction in tyrosine hydroxylase activity (20%) in the hippocampus. However, 8 days after the final dose alpha(2)-adrenoceptor sensitivity and tyrosine hydroxylase activity had returned to control values. Our results show a desensitization of alpha(2)-adrenoceptors in locus coeruleus and the existence of short-term changes in the noradrenergic system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aurora Arrue
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine and Odontology, University of the Basque Country, 48940-Leioa, Vizcaya, Spain
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Yoshitake T, Fujino K, Kehr J, Ishida J, Nohta H, Yamaguchi M. Simultaneous determination of norepinephrine, serotonin, and 5-hydroxyindole-3-acetic acid in microdialysis samples from rat brain by microbore column liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection following derivatization with benzylamine. Anal Biochem 2003; 312:125-33. [PMID: 12531196 DOI: 10.1016/s0003-2697(02)00435-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A microbore column liquid chromatographic method for the simultaneous determination of norepinephrine (NE), serotonin (5-HT), and 5-hydroxyindole-3-acetic acid (5HIAA) in microdialysis samples from rat brain is described. The method is based on precolumn derivatization of NE, 5HT, and 5HIAA with benzylamine in the presence of potassium hexacyanoferrate(III) resulting in the corresponding highly fluorescent and stable benzoxazole derivatives. A 15-microl sample was mixed with 15 microl derivatization reagent solution containing 0.3M 3-cyclohexylaminopropanesulfonic acid buffer (pH 12.0), 0.5M benzylamine, 10mM potassium hexacyanoferrate(III), and methanol (1/1/1/12, v/v/v/v). The derivatization was carried out at 50 degrees C for 20 min. The benzylamine derivatives of NE, 5HT, and 5HIAA were separated on a reversed-phase column (100 x 1.0mm i.d., packed with C18 silica, 5 microm) within 30 min. The mobile phase consisted of 15 mM acetate buffer (pH 5.0) and acetonitrile (31%, v/v); the flow rate was 50 microl/min. The detection limits (signal-to-noise ratio of 3) for NE, 5HT, and 5HIAA in the injection volume of 20 microl were 90, 210, and 260 amol, respectively. Microdialysis samples were collected in 7.5-min intervals from the probes implanted in the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex of awake rats. The basal levels of NE, 5HT, and 5HIAA in the dialysates from the hippocampus were 4.2+/-0.5, 4.9+/-0.6, and 934.1 +/- 63.4 fmol/20 microl, and those from the prefrontal cortex were 6.0+/-1.2,5.51.3, and 669.1 +/- 96.0 fmol/20 microl (mean +/- SE, n=25), respectively. The NE and 5HT levels were altered by perfusion of high-potassium or low-calcium solution and following antidepressant drugs imipramine and desipramine. It is concluded that the new fluorescence derivatization method in combination with microbore column liquid chromatography allows the simultaneous determination of NE, 5HT, and 5HIAA in the microdialysis samples at higher sensitivity, providing easier maintenance in routine use than that achieved by high-performance liquid chromatographic methods with electrochemical detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Yoshitake
- Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, S-171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
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Sakaue M, Ago Y, Sowa C, Koyama Y, Baba A, Matsuda T. The 5-HT1A receptor agonist MKC-242 increases the exploratory activity of mice in the elevated plus-maze. Eur J Pharmacol 2003; 458:141-4. [PMID: 12498918 DOI: 10.1016/s0014-2999(02)02786-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The effect of (S)-5-[3-[(1,4-benzodioxan-2-ylmethyl)amino]propoxy]-1,3-benzodioxole HCl (MKC-242), a 5-HT(1A) receptor agonist, on mouse behavior was examined in the elevated plus-maze. MKC-242 significantly increased the percentage of open-arm entries and the percentage of open-arm time, indices of anxiety reduction, while it did not increase the enclosed-arm entries and time spent in enclosed arms. The effect of MKC-242 was antagonized by a low dose of the 5-HT(1A) receptor antagonist N-[2-[4-(2-methoxyphenyl)-1-piperazinyl]ethyl]-N-(2-pyridinyl)cyclohexanecarboxamide which alone did not affect the behavior. These findings suggest that MKC-242 increases the exploratory activity of mice in the elevated plus-maze via activation of 5-HT(1A) receptors, probably the presynaptic autoreceptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masaki Sakaue
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuropharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, 1-6 Yamada-oka, Suita, 565-0871, Osaka, Japan
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Ago Y, Sakaue M, Baba A, Matsuda T. Selective reduction by isolation rearing of 5-HT1A receptor-mediated dopamine release in vivo in the frontal cortex of mice. J Neurochem 2002; 83:353-9. [PMID: 12423245 DOI: 10.1046/j.1471-4159.2002.01128.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Serotonin (5-HT)1A receptors modulate in vivo release of brain monoaminergic neurotransmitters which may be involved in isolation-induced aggressive behavior. The present study examined the effect of isolation rearing on the 5-HT1A receptor-mediated modulation of dopamine (DA), 5-HT and noradrenaline (NA) release in the frontal cortex of mice. The selective 5-HT1A receptor agonist (S)-5-[-[(1,4-benzodioxan-2-ylmethyl)amino]propoxy]-1,3-benzodioxole HCl (MKC-242) increased the release of DA and NA and decreased the release of 5-HT in the frontal cortex of mice. The effect of MKC-242 on DA release was significantly less in isolation-reared mice than in group-reared mice, while effects of the drug on NA and 5-HT release did not differ between both groups. The effect of the other 5-HT1A receptor agonist 8-hydroxy-2-(di-n-propylamino)tetralin on cortical DA release was also less in isolation-reared mice than in group-reared mice, and that of the drug on cortical 5-HT release did not differ between both groups. In contrast to MKC-242-induced DA release, amphetamine-induced increase in cortical DA release in vivo was greater in isolation-reared mice. The present findings suggest that isolation rearing enhances the activity of cortical dopaminergic neurons and reduces selectively the 5-HT1A receptor-mediated release of DA in the cortex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Ago
- Laboratory of Medicinal Pharmacology, and Laboratory of Molecular Neuropharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
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Papp M, Nalepa I, Antkiewicz-Michaluk L, Sánchez C. Behavioural and biochemical studies of citalopram and WAY 100635 in rat chronic mild stress model. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 2002; 72:465-74. [PMID: 11900821 DOI: 10.1016/s0091-3057(01)00778-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Reversal of chronic mild stress (CMS)-induced decrease of sucrose consumption has been studied in rats after 2, 7, 14, and 35 days treatment with imipramine, citalopram (both 10 mg/kg per day, i.p.), WAY 100635 (0.2 mg/kg sc, b.i.d.), and citalopram plus WAY 100635. Bmax, Kd, and functional status [cyclic AMP (cAMP) generation] of beta1-adrenoceptors were assessed in cortical tissue at the same time points. Citalopram reversed CMS-induced reduction of sucrose intake at an earlier time point than imipramine. WAY 100635 was not effective and did not potentiate the effect of citalopram. CMS produced increase of Bmax. Imipramine decreased Bmax in controls (Days 2, 7, 14, and 35) and normalised Bmax in stressed animals (Day 35). Citalopram, WAY 100635, and the combination increased Bmax in stressed animals and controls (Days 14 and 35). Inconsistent changes of Kd values and of cAMP responses to noradrenaline (NA) stimulation were observed. Thus stress- and drug-induced effects on beta1-adrenoceptors do not appear to be a common biochemical marker of antidepressant-like activity in the CMS model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariusz Papp
- Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, 31-343 Cracow, Poland
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Hajós-Korcsok E, Sharp T. Electrical stimulation of the dorsal and median raphe nuclei increases extracellular noradrenaline in rat hippocampus: Evidence for a 5-HT-independent mechanism. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 2002; 71:807-13. [PMID: 11888571 DOI: 10.1016/s0091-3057(01)00718-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Recent studies have used raphe stimulation combined with in vivo measurements of extracellular dopamine to investigate interactions between the 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) and dopamine systems. Here we have tested whether the same approach can be used to investigate interactions between the 5-HT and noradrenaline systems. Electrical stimulation of the dorsal raphe nucleus (DRN) or median raphe nucleus (MRN) was performed in anaesthetised rats implanted with microdialysis probes in the hippocampus and locus coeruleus (LC). DRN stimulation (3, 5 and 10 Hz) evoked a frequency-dependent increase in extracellular noradrenaline in the hippocampus. MRN stimulation had a similar effect. Both DRN and MRN stimulations enhanced extracellular 5-HT levels in the LC and previous studies have demonstrated that extracellular 5-HT also increases in the hippocampus. However, the increase in hippocampal noradrenaline evoked by DRN stimulation was not altered by 5-HT neuronal lesions, which reduced 5-HT metabolite levels by 90%. In conclusion, electrical stimulation of the midbrain raphe increases extracellular noradrenaline in the hippocampus, however, experiments in 5-HT-lesioned animals suggest that this response is not mediated by 5-HT. Although raphe stimulation may be useful to investigate interactions between 5-HT and dopamine, our data indicate that the same approach may not be feasible for 5-HT and noradrenaline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Hajós-Korcsok
- University Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Radcliffe Infirmary, Woodstock Road, OX2 6HE, Oxford, UK.
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Hajós-Korcsok E, McTavish SF, Sharp T. Effect of a selective 5-hydroxytryptamine reuptake inhibitor on brain extracellular noradrenaline: microdialysis studies using paroxetine. Eur J Pharmacol 2000; 407:101-7. [PMID: 11050296 DOI: 10.1016/s0014-2999(00)00723-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The clinical efficacy of selective serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT) reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) is normally attributed to their ability to increase brain 5-HT function although recent preclinical findings indicate that their selectivity for 5-HT over noradrenaline may be less evident in vivo. The present study investigated the effects of the SSRI, paroxetine, on extracellular levels of noradrenaline. Microdialysis was carried out in the hippocampus of the awake rat. In rats treated twice daily for 14 days with paroxetine (5 mg/kg s.c.), dialysate levels of noradrenaline showed a maintained two-fold increase compared to saline-injected controls. Paroxetine (5 mg/kg s.c.) administered once daily for 14 days did not cause a sustained increase in noradrenaline but levels showed a moderate (+58%) increase in response to a paroxetine challenge. Acute injection of paroxetine (5 mg/kg s.c.) did not elevate noradrenaline levels. Paroxetine (5 mg/kg s.c.) elevated dialysate 5-HT after both acute and repeated (twice daily for 14 days) treatment. The paroxetine-induced increase in noradrenaline (and 5-HT) was positively correlated with plasma concentrations of the drug, which were around the therapeutic range. In comparison to paroxetine, desipramine (10 mg/kg s.c.) caused a four-fold increase in dialysate noradrenaline (but did not change 5-HT) following repeated (once daily for 14 days) treatment and a two-fold increase at for acute treatment. In summary, despite its selectivity as a 5-HT reuptake inhibitor, paroxetine increased extracellular levels of noradrenaline in rat hippocampus following repeated administration. We discuss the possibility that a facilitation of noradrenaline function might be involved in the antidepressant effect of paroxetine, and possibly other SSRIs.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Hajós-Korcsok
- University Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Radcliffe Infirmary, Woodstock Road, OX2 6HE, Oxford, UK
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Lejeune F, Millan MJ. Pindolol excites dopaminergic and adrenergic neurons, and inhibits serotonergic neurons, by activation of 5-HT1A receptors. Eur J Neurosci 2000; 12:3265-75. [PMID: 10998110 DOI: 10.1046/j.1460-9568.2000.00222.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Pindolol accelerates the clinical actions of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) in man, and modulates extracellular levels of monoamines in corticolimbic structures in rats. Herein, we examined its influence upon electrical activity of serotonergic, dopaminergic and adrenergic perikarya in the dorsal raphe nucleus (DRN), ventral tegmental area (VTA) and locus coeruleus (LC) of anaesthetized rats. In analogy to the serotonin1A (5-HT1A) agonist, 8-OH-DPAT (-100%), pindolol dose-dependently (0.063- 1.0 mg/kg) decreased (-70%) the firing rate of serotonergic neurons. The inhibitory action of pindolol was abolished by the selective 5-HT1A antagonist, WAY-100,635 (0.031 mg/kg). In contrast, 8-OH-DPAT (+26%) and pindolol (0.25-4.0 mg/kg, +60%) dose-dependently increased the firing rate of dopaminergic cells. Of 57 neurons recorded (pindolol, 2.0 mg/kg), 36 (63%) were excited, 11 (19%) were unaffected and 10 (18%) were inhibited. This variable influence could be attributed to regularly firing neurons in the parabrachial subdivision, inasmuch as all neurons in the paranigral subnucleus were excited. The facilitation of firing by pindolol was accompanied by an increase in burst firing throughout the VTA. Both the increases in burst firing and in firing rate were reversed by WAY-100,635 (0.031 mg/kg). Finally, the electrical activity of adrenergic neurons was dose-dependently enhanced by 8-OH-DPAT and pindolol (+99% and +83%, respectively). WAY-100,635 reversed this excitation and, itself, inhibited the activity of adrenergic neurons. In conclusion, via engagement of 5-HT1A receptors, pindolol inhibits serotonergic, and activates dopaminergic and adrenergic, neurons in anaesthetized rats. Such actions may contribute to its influence upon mood, both alone and in association with antidepressant agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Lejeune
- Institut de Recherches Servier, Centre de Recherches de Croissy, Department of Psychopharmacology, 125 Chemin de Ronde, 78290 Croissy-sur-Seine, Paris, France
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Hatanaka K, Yatsugi S, Yamaguchi T. Effect of acute treatment with YM992 on extracellular norepinephrine levels in the rat frontal cortex. Eur J Pharmacol 2000; 395:31-6. [PMID: 10781670 DOI: 10.1016/s0014-2999(00)00173-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The effects of acute treatment with (S)-2-[[(7-fluoroindan-4-yl)oxy]methyl]morpholine monohydrochloride (YM992), venlafaxine, fluoxetine and citalopram on extracellular norepinephrine levels were examined in the rat frontal cortex by in vivo microdialysis. YM992 (3, 10, 30 mg/kg, i.p.) dose-dependently increased extracellular norepinephrine levels (3-fold at 10 mg/kg, 5. 5-fold at 30 mg/kg). While venlafaxine and 30 mg/kg fluoxetine also produced significant increases in norepinephrine levels, 30 mg/kg citalopram had no effect. The combined administration of MDL100,907 (a selective 5-HT(2A) receptor antagonist) and citalopram did significantly increase norepinephrine levels compared with either saline or citalopram treatment. Therefore, a synergistic effect due to 5-HT reuptake inhibition and 5-HT(2A) receptor antagonism of YM992 may partly contribute to the increase of extracellular norepinephrine levels. YM992 enhances the neurotransmission of not only 5-HT system but also norepinephrine, and as such may have a preclinical profile different from that of a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Hatanaka
- Neuroscience Research, Pharmacology Laboratories, Institute for Drug Discovery Research, Yamanouchi Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd., 21 Miyukigaoka, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan.
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Sakaue M, Somboonthum P, Nishihara B, Koyama Y, Hashimoto H, Baba A, Matsuda T. Postsynaptic 5-hydroxytryptamine(1A) receptor activation increases in vivo dopamine release in rat prefrontal cortex. Br J Pharmacol 2000; 129:1028-34. [PMID: 10696105 PMCID: PMC1571922 DOI: 10.1038/sj.bjp.0703139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
5-Hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) plays a role in the regulation of 3, 4-dihydroxyphenylethylamine (dopamine) neurons in the brain, but the precise mechanism of regulation by 5-HT(1A) receptors of dopamine release has not been defined. The present study describes the effect of 5-¿3-[[(2S)-1,4-benzodioxan-2ylmethyl]amino]propoxy¿-1, 3-benzodioxole HCl (MKC-242), a highly potent and selective 5-HT(1A) receptor agonist, on dopamine release in the prefrontal cortex using microdialysis in the freely moving rat. Subcutaneous injection of MKC-242 (0.3 - 1.0 mg kg(-1)) increased extracellular levels of dopamine in the prefrontal cortex. The effect of MKC-242 in the prefrontal cortex was antagonized by pretreatment with the selective 5-HT(1A) receptor antagonist, N-[2-[4-(2-methoxyphenyl)-1-piperazinyl]ethyl]-N-(2-pyridinyl)cyclohe xanecarboxamide (WAY100635; 1 mg kg(-1), i.p.). Local application of WAY100635 (10 microM) via a microdialysis probe antagonized the effect of systemic MKC-242 in an increasing dopamine release, and locally infused 8-hydroxy-2-(di-n-propylamino)tetralin (10 microM) increased dopamine release in the prefrontal cortex. MKC-242 increased cortical dopamine release in the rats pretreated with 5, 7-dihydroxytryptamine (150 microgram, i.c.v.) that caused an almost complete reduction in cortical 5-HT content. The effect of MKC-242 to increase dopamine release was also observed in the hippocampus, but not in the striatum or nucleus accumbens. Fluoxetine, a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor, increased dopamine release in the prefrontal cortex, but not in the nucleus accumbens, while buspirone, a 5-HT(1A) receptor agonist, increased dopamine release in both brain regions. The present results indicate that activation of postsynaptic 5-HT(1A) receptors increases dopamine release in a brain region-specific manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Sakaue
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuropharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, 1-6 Yamado-oka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871 Japan
| | - P Somboonthum
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuropharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, 1-6 Yamado-oka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871 Japan
| | - B Nishihara
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuropharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, 1-6 Yamado-oka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871 Japan
| | - Y Koyama
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuropharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, 1-6 Yamado-oka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871 Japan
| | - H Hashimoto
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuropharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, 1-6 Yamado-oka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871 Japan
| | - A Baba
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuropharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, 1-6 Yamado-oka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871 Japan
| | - T Matsuda
- Laboratory of Medicinal Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, 1-6 Yamado-oka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871 Japan
- Author for correspondence:
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40
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Hajós-Korcsok E, Sharp T. Effect of 5-HT(1A) receptor ligands on Fos-like immunoreactivity in rat brain: evidence for activation of noradrenergic transmission. Synapse 1999; 34:145-53. [PMID: 10502313 DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1098-2396(199911)34:2<145::aid-syn7>3.0.co;2-d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
This study investigated the effects of 8-OH-DPAT and various other 5-HT(1A) receptor agonists on brain noradrenergic transmission using Fos-like immunoreactivity (Fos-LI) as a marker of neural activation. Administration of 8-OH-DPAT (0.1 and 1 mg/kg) induced a marked and dose-related increase in the number of cells positive for Fos-LI in the locus coeruleus (LC), the main source of noradrenergic projections to the forebrain. This effect was also induced by the non-selective, partial 5-HT(1A) receptor agonist buspirone (10 mg/kg). The effect of both 8-OH-DPAT (0.1 mg/kg) and buspirone (10 mg/kg) on Fos-LI in the LC was blocked by pretreatment with the selective 5-HT(1A) receptor antagonist WAY 100635 (1 mg/kg). The active S(-)-enantiomer of the partial 5-HT(1A) receptor agonist (+/-)-MDL 75005EF (1 mg/kg) also induced the expression of Fos-LI in the LC, whereas the inactive R(+)-enantiomer of (+/-)-MDL 73005EF at the same dose did not. In addition to the LC, 8-OH-DPAT (0.1 mg/kg) also induced a marked increase in Fos-LI in various forebrain areas including the medial prefrontal cortex (infralimbic and cingulate cortical areas). More detailed analysis of the Fos response to 8-OH-DPAT in the medial prefrontal cortex revealed that the effect was attenuated by pretreatment with a combination of the beta(1)- and beta(2)-adrenoceptor antagonists ICI 118551 (4 mg/kg) and metoprolol (4 mg/kg), but not the alpha(1)-adrenoceptor antagonist prazosin (5 mg/kg). Taken together, the present findings provide immunocytochemical evidence that 5-HT(1A) receptor agonists activate noradrenergic neurones in the LC and that this leads to increased noradrenergic transmission at postsynaptic sites in the forebrain (specifically medial prefrontal cortex).
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Affiliation(s)
- E Hajós-Korcsok
- University Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Radcliffe Infirmary, Oxford, UK
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Abstract
It is now nearly 5 years since the last of the currently recognised 5-HT receptors was identified in terms of its cDNA sequence. Over this period, much effort has been directed towards understanding the function attributable to individual 5-HT receptors in the brain. This has been helped, in part, by the synthesis of a number of compounds that selectively interact with individual 5-HT receptor subtypes--although some 5-HT receptors still lack any selective ligands (e.g. 5-ht1E, 5-ht5A and 5-ht5B receptors). The present review provides background information for each 5-HT receptor subtype and subsequently reviews in more detail the functional responses attributed to each receptor in the brain. Clearly this latter area has moved forward in recent years and this progression is likely to continue given the level of interest associated with the actions of 5-HT. This interest is stimulated by the belief that pharmacological manipulation of the central 5-HT system will have therapeutic potential. In support of which, a number of 5-HT receptor ligands are currently utilised, or are in clinical development, to reduce the symptoms of CNS dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- N M Barnes
- Department of Pharmacology, The Medical School, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, UK.
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