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Zhu L, Huang L, Le A, Wang TJ, Zhang J, Chen X, Wang J, Wang J, Jiang C. Interactions between the Autonomic Nervous System and the Immune System after Stroke. Compr Physiol 2022; 12:3665-3704. [PMID: 35766834 DOI: 10.1002/cphy.c210047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Acute stroke is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Stroke-induced immune-inflammatory response occurs in the perilesion areas and the periphery. Although stroke-induced immunosuppression may alleviate brain injury, it hinders brain repair as the immune-inflammatory response plays a bidirectional role after acute stroke. Furthermore, suppression of the systemic immune-inflammatory response increases the risk of life-threatening systemic bacterial infections after acute stroke. Therefore, it is essential to explore the mechanisms that underlie the stroke-induced immune-inflammatory response. Autonomic nervous system (ANS) activation is critical for regulating the local and systemic immune-inflammatory responses and may influence the prognosis of acute stroke. We review the changes in the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems and their influence on the immune-inflammatory response after stroke. Importantly, this article summarizes the mechanisms on how ANS regulates the immune-inflammatory response through neurotransmitters and their receptors in immunocytes and immune organs after stroke. To facilitate translational research, we also discuss the promising therapeutic approaches modulating the activation of the ANS or the immune-inflammatory response to promote neurologic recovery after stroke. © 2022 American Physiological Society. Compr Physiol 12:3665-3704, 2022.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Zhu
- Department of Neurology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, PR China
| | - Leo Huang
- Department of Psychology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Anh Le
- Washington University in St. Louis, Saint Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Tom J Wang
- Winston Churchill High School, Potomac, Maryland, USA
| | - Jiewen Zhang
- Department of Neurology, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, PR China
| | - Xuemei Chen
- Department of Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, PR China
| | - Junmin Wang
- Department of Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, PR China
| | - Jian Wang
- Department of Neurology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, PR China.,Department of Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, PR China
| | - Chao Jiang
- Department of Neurology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, PR China
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da Silva SB, Feitosa SGD, de L Alves SM, Santos RCA, Dos Anjos JV, Araújo AV. A Concise and Useful Guide to Understand How Alpha1 Adrenoceptor Antagonists Work. Mini Rev Med Chem 2022; 22:2383-2405. [PMID: 35507746 DOI: 10.2174/1389557522666220504141949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2022] [Revised: 02/23/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Adrenoceptors are the receptors for the catecholamines, adrenaline and noradrenaline. They are divided in α (α1 and α2) and β (β1, β2 and β3). α1-Adrenoceptors are subdivided in α1A, α1B and α1D. Most tissues express mixtures of α1-adrenoceptors subtypes, which appear to coexist in different densities and ratios, and in most cases their responses are probably due to the activation of more than one type. The three subtypes of α1-adrenoceptors are G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCR), specifically coupled to Gq/11. Additionally, the activation of these receptors may activate other signaling pathways or different components of these pathways, which leads to a great variety of possible cellular effects. The first clinically used α1 antagonist was Prazosin, for Systemic Arterial Hypertension (SAH). It was followed by its congeners, Terazosin and Doxazosin. Nowadays, there are many classes of α-adrenergic antagonists with different selectivity profiles. In addition to SAH, the α1-adrenoceptors are used for the treatment of Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH) and urolithiasis. This antagonism may be part of the mechanism of action of tricyclic antidepressants. Moreover, the activation of these receptors may lead to adverse effects such as orthostatic hypotension, similar to what happens with the antidepressants and with some antipsychotic. Structure-activity relationships can explain, in part, how antagonists work and how selective they can be for each one of the subtypes. However, it is necessary to develop new molecules which antagonize the α1-adrenoceptors or make chemical modifications in these molecules to improve the selectivity, pharmacokinetic profile and/or reduce the adverse effects of known drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sidiane B da Silva
- Laboratório de Nutrição, Atividade Física e Plasticidade Fenotípica - Centro Acadêmico de Vitória - Universidade Federal de Pernambuco. R. Alto do Reservatório, s/n Bela Vista - Vitória de Santo Antão, PE, 50608-680, Brazil
| | - Sidney G D Feitosa
- Departamento de Química Fundamental - Universidade Federal de Pernambuco. Av. Jornalista Aníbal Fernandes, s/n, Cidade Universitária - Recife, PE, 50740-560, Brazil
| | - Silvia M de L Alves
- Laboratório de Nutrição, Atividade Física e Plasticidade Fenotípica - Centro Acadêmico de Vitória - Universidade Federal de Pernambuco. R. Alto do Reservatório, s/n Bela Vista - Vitória de Santo Antão, PE, 50608-680, Brazil
| | - Ruth C A Santos
- Laboratório de Nutrição, Atividade Física e Plasticidade Fenotípica - Centro Acadêmico de Vitória - Universidade Federal de Pernambuco. R. Alto do Reservatório, s/n Bela Vista - Vitória de Santo Antão, PE, 50608-680, Brazil
| | - Janaína V Dos Anjos
- Departamento de Química Fundamental - Universidade Federal de Pernambuco. Av. Jornalista Aníbal Fernandes, s/n, Cidade Universitária - Recife, PE, 50740-560, Brazil
| | - Alice V Araújo
- Núcleo de Saúde Pública, Centro Acadêmico de Vitória - Universidade Federal de Pernambuco R. Alto do Reservatório, s/n Bela Vista - Vitória de Santo Antão, PE, 50608-680, Brazil
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Wang C, Zhang Y, Xing D, Zhang R. PROTACs technology for targeting non-oncoproteins: Advances and perspectives. Bioorg Chem 2021; 114:105109. [PMID: 34175722 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2021.105109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2021] [Revised: 06/10/2021] [Accepted: 06/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Proteolysis targeting chimeras (PROTACs) have been developed to be an effective technology for targeted protein degradation. Each PROTAC contains three key components: a protein-of-interest (POI) ligand, an E3 ligase ligand, and a linker. These bifunctional molecules can hijack the intracellular inherent ubiquitin-proteasome system to degrade different POIs. With several advantages over other therapeutic strategies, PROTACs have set off a new upsurge of drug discovery in recent years. PRTOACs have been extensively explored worldwide and have excelled not only in cancer diseases but also in cardiovascular diseases, fatty liver disease, immune diseases, neurodegenerative diseases, and viral infections. In this review, we aim to summarize the rapid progress from 2010 to 2021 in PROTACs targeting various non-oncoproteins and elucidate the advantages of PROTACs technology. Finally, the potential challenges of this dynamic field are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Wang
- The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Cancer Institute, Qingdao 266071, Shandong, China.
| | - Yujing Zhang
- The Affiliated Cardiovascular Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, Shandong, China.
| | - Dongming Xing
- The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Cancer Institute, Qingdao 266071, Shandong, China; School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Renshuai Zhang
- The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Cancer Institute, Qingdao 266071, Shandong, China.
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Qin X, Li W, Yang X, Ma Z, Liang D, Luo X, Chen X, Hu S, Du L, Chai L, Li M. Photoinduced Electron Transfer-Based Fluorescent Agonists for α 1-Adrenergic Receptors Imaging. Anal Chem 2021; 93:6034-6042. [PMID: 33830731 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.0c03841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The novel fluorescent agonists were discovered herein for α1-adrenergic receptors (α1-ARs) based on photoinduced electron transfer (PeT) off-on switch by conjugating the fluorophore 7-(diethylamino)coumarin-3-carboxylic acid with phenylephrine. After careful evaluation, these probes exhibited efficient binding affinity with α1-ARs and could be applied to selectively imaging α1-ARs or successfully tracing the dynamic process of α1-AR internalization in living cells. Meanwhile, a bioluminescence resonance energy transfer binding assay with these new probes has been well-established and applied. Therefore, these PeT-based on-off agonists may serve as powerful tools for the α1-AR-associated study during drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojun Qin
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (MOE), School of Pharmacy, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P. R. China.,School of Pharmacy, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P. R. China
| | - Wenhua Li
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (MOE), School of Pharmacy, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P. R. China
| | - Xingye Yang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (MOE), School of Pharmacy, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P. R. China
| | - Zhao Ma
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (MOE), School of Pharmacy, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P. R. China.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, UC Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California-Davis, Sacramento, California 95817, United States
| | - Dong Liang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (MOE), School of Pharmacy, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P. R. China
| | - Xiongfeng Luo
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (MOE), School of Pharmacy, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P. R. China
| | - Xinxin Chen
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (MOE), School of Pharmacy, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P. R. China
| | - Shilong Hu
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (MOE), School of Pharmacy, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P. R. China
| | - Lupei Du
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (MOE), School of Pharmacy, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P. R. China
| | - Lijuan Chai
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P. R. China
| | - Minyong Li
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (MOE), School of Pharmacy, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P. R. China
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Srour AM, Dawood DH, Saleh DO. Synthesis, 3D-pharmacophore modelling and 2D-QSAR study of new pyridine-3-carbonitriles as vasorelaxant active agents. NEW J CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d0nj06319c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
A new set of pyridine-3-carbonitriles (3a–v) conjugated with various five-membered ring systems at pyridinyl C-6 were designed and synthesized as vasorelaxant active agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aladdin M. Srour
- Department of Therapeutic Chemistry
- National Research Centre
- Dokki
- Egypt
| | - Dina H. Dawood
- Chemistry of Natural and Microbial Products Department
- Pharmaceutical and Drug Industries Research Division
- National Research Centre
- Dokki
- Egypt
| | - Dalia O. Saleh
- Pharmacology Department
- National Research Centre
- Dokki
- Egypt
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Ma Z, Du L, Li M. Discovery of the Environment-Sensitive Near-Infrared (NIR) Fluorogenic Ligand for α 1-Adrenergic Receptors Imaging In Vivo. Methods Mol Biol 2021; 2274:181-192. [PMID: 34050472 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-1258-3_16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
Fluorescent ligands have emerged as powerful tools for noninvasive research of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), since they could provide the invaluable information regarding GPCRs' structure and function in vitro. However, the in vivo applications of thus tools are hampered owing to their short-wavelength spectra and lack of fluorogenic switch. Here, we describe the experimental details of discovery of the environment-sensitive near-infrared (NIR) fluorogenic ligand for in vivo imaging of α1-adrenergic receptor (α1-AR).
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhao Ma
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Natural Products (MOE), School of Pharmacy, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, UC Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California Davis, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | - Lupei Du
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Natural Products (MOE), School of Pharmacy, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Minyong Li
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Natural Products (MOE), School of Pharmacy, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China.
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7
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Li Z, Lin Y, Song H, Qin X, Yu Z, Zhang Z, Dong G, Li X, Shi X, Du L, Zhao W, Li M. First small-molecule PROTACs for G protein-coupled receptors: inducing α 1A-adrenergic receptor degradation. Acta Pharm Sin B 2020; 10:1669-1679. [PMID: 33088687 PMCID: PMC7563999 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2020.01.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2019] [Revised: 11/18/2019] [Accepted: 12/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Proteolysis targeting chimeras (PROTACs) are dual-functional hybrid molecules that can selectively recruit an E3 ubiquitin ligase to a target protein to direct the protein into the ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS), thereby selectively reducing the target protein level by the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway. Nowadays, small-molecule PROTACs are gaining popularity as tools to degrade pathogenic protein. Herein, we present the first small-molecule PROTACs that can induce the α1A-adrenergic receptor (α1A-AR) degradation, which is also the first small-molecule PROTACs for G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) to our knowledge. These degradation inducers were developed through conjugation of known α1-adrenergic receptors (α1-ARs) inhibitor prazosin and cereblon (CRBN) ligand pomalidomide through the different linkers. The representative compound 9c is proved to inhibit the proliferation of PC-3 cells and result in tumor growth regression, which highlighted the potential of our study as a new therapeutic strategy for prostate cancer.
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Key Words
- BPH, benign prostatic hyperplasia
- CRBN, cereblon
- DCM, dichloromethane
- DMF, dimethylformamide
- DMSO, dimethylsulfoxide
- Degradation
- GPCR, G-protein-coupled receptor
- HPLC, high-performance liquid chromatography
- LUTS, lower urinary tract symptoms
- PROTACs, proteolysis targeting chimeras
- Prostate cancer
- Small-molecule PROTACs
- TEA, triethylamine
- THF, tetrahydrofuran
- Ubiquitylation
- hPCE, human prostate cancer epithelial
- α1-ARs, α1-adrenergic receptors
- α1A-AR, α1A-adrenergic receptor
- α1A-Adrenergic receptor
- α1B-AR, α1B-adrenergic receptor
- α1D-AR, α1D-adrenergic receptor
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenzhen Li
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (MOE), School of Pharmacy, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Yuxing Lin
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (MOE), School of Pharmacy, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Hui Song
- Department of Immunology, Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity of Shandong Province, School of Basic Medical Science, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Xiaojun Qin
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (MOE), School of Pharmacy, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Zhongxia Yu
- Department of Immunology, Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity of Shandong Province, School of Basic Medical Science, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Zheng Zhang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (MOE), School of Pharmacy, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Gaopan Dong
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (MOE), School of Pharmacy, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Xiang Li
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (MOE), School of Pharmacy, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Xiaodong Shi
- Department of Chemistry, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33620, USA
| | - Lupei Du
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (MOE), School of Pharmacy, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Wei Zhao
- Department of Immunology, Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity of Shandong Province, School of Basic Medical Science, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Minyong Li
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (MOE), School of Pharmacy, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
- Corresponding author. Tel./fax: +86 531 88382076.
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Qin X, Ma Z, Yang X, Hu S, Chen X, Liang D, Lin Y, Shi X, Du L, Li M. Discovery of Environment-Sensitive Fluorescent Agonists for α1-Adrenergic Receptors. Anal Chem 2019; 91:12173-12180. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.9b01059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojun Qin
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (MOE), School of Pharmacy, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Zhao Ma
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (MOE), School of Pharmacy, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, UC Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, Sacramento, California 95817, United States
| | - Xingye Yang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (MOE), School of Pharmacy, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Shilong Hu
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (MOE), School of Pharmacy, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Xinxin Chen
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (MOE), School of Pharmacy, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Dong Liang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (MOE), School of Pharmacy, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Yuxing Lin
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (MOE), School of Pharmacy, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Xiaodong Shi
- Department of Chemistry, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida 33620, United States
| | - Lupei Du
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (MOE), School of Pharmacy, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Minyong Li
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (MOE), School of Pharmacy, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
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Odagaki Y, Kinoshita M, Ota T. Functional activation of Gα q/11 protein via α 1 -adrenoceptor in rat cerebral cortical membranes. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol 2019; 46:567-574. [PMID: 30869808 DOI: 10.1111/1440-1681.13084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2019] [Revised: 02/21/2019] [Accepted: 03/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Although it is recognized that α1 -adrenoceptors are coupled to diverse intracellular signalling pathways, its primary transduction mechanisms are evoked by activating phospholipase C in the cell membrane through Gαq/11 , resulting in production of inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate and diacylglycerol. However, there have been few studies that indicate directly the involvement of Gαq/11 proteins in this signalling pathway in the central nervous system. In the current study, we tried to pharmacologically characterize (-)-adrenaline-stimulated [35 S]GTPγS binding to Gαq/11 in rat brain membranes. Functional activation of Gαq/11 coupled to α1 -adrenoceptor was investigated by using [35 S]GTPγS binding/immunoprecipitation assay in the membranes prepared from rat cerebral cortex, hippocampus, and striatum. The specific [35 S]GTPγS binding to Gαq/11 was stimulated by (-)-adrenaline in a concentration-dependent and saturable manner in rat cerebral cortical membranes. In hippocampal or striatal membranes, the stimulatory effects of (-)-adrenaline were scarce. The effect of (-)-adrenaline was potently inhibited by prazosin, a potent and selective α1 -adrenoceptor antagonist, but not by yohimbine, a selective α2 -adrenoceptor antagonist. The response was mimicked by cirazoline, but not by R(-)-phenylephrine. Although oxymetazoline also stimulated the specific [35 S]GTPγS binding to Gαq/11 as an apparent "super-agonist", detailed pharmacological characterization revealed that its agonistic properties in this experimental system were derived from off-target effects on 5-HT2A receptors, but not via α1 -adrenoceptors. In conclusion, functional coupling of α1 -adrenoceptors to Gαq/11 proteins are detectable in rat brain membranes by means of [35 S]GTPγS binding/immunoprecipitation assay. It is necessary to interpret the experimental data with caution when oxymetazoline is included as an agonist at α1 -adrenoceptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuji Odagaki
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Saitama Medical University, Moroyama-machi, Iruma-gun, Saitama 350-0495, Japan
| | - Masakazu Kinoshita
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Saitama Medical University, Moroyama-machi, Iruma-gun, Saitama 350-0495, Japan
| | - Toshio Ota
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Saitama Medical University, Moroyama-machi, Iruma-gun, Saitama 350-0495, Japan
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Pacini ESA, Castilho ACS, Hebeler-Barbosa F, Pupo AS, Kiguti LRA. Contraction of Rat Cauda Epididymis Smooth Muscle to α1-Adrenoceptor Activation Is Mediated by α1A-Adrenoceptors. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2018; 366:21-28. [PMID: 29685886 DOI: 10.1124/jpet.117.246710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2017] [Accepted: 04/16/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The cauda epididymis (CE), the site of sperm storage until the ejaculation, is densely innervated by the sympathetic nervous system. Contraction of CE smooth muscle via α1-adrenoceptors (α1-ARs) plays a key role during the seminal emission phase of ejaculation and α1-AR antagonism has been suggested as a nonhormonal and reversible male contraceptive target. Since the α1-AR subtype mediating contraction of rat CE is not known, this study investigates the expression and role of α1-AR subtypes on the proximal and distal rat CE duct contraction to norepinephrine in vitro. Alpha1a, α1b, and α1d transcripts were detected by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction in proximal and distal CE segments and α1a and α1d were shown to predominate over α1b The inhibition of [3H]prazosin specific binding to intact CE segments from proximal and distal CE by RS 100329 and 5-methylurapidil (α1A-selective) and BMY 7378 (α1D-selective) showed that α1A- and α1D-ARs are expressed at similar densities. Norepinephrine-induced contractions of CE were competitively antagonized with high affinity by RS 100329 (pKB ≈ 9.50) and 5-methylurapidil (pKB ≈ 9.0) and with low affinity by BMY 7378 (pKB ≈ 7.0) and the α1B-selective L-765,314 (pA2 < 7.0), suggesting contractions are mediated by α1A-ARs. The clinically used α1A/D-ARs antagonist tamsulosin potently (pA2 ≈ 10.0) inhibited the norepinephrine-induced CE contractions. Altogether, our results show that α1A- and α1D-ARs are expressed in the CE duct and α1A-AR is the main subtype mediating contraction to norepinephrine. Our results highlight the importance of α1A-AR in the peripheral control of ejaculation and strengthen the α1A-AR as a target for a nonhormonal approach to male contraception.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enio S A Pacini
- Department of Pharmacology, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Anthony C S Castilho
- Department of Pharmacology, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Flavia Hebeler-Barbosa
- Department of Pharmacology, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - André S Pupo
- Department of Pharmacology, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Luiz R A Kiguti
- Department of Pharmacology, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
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Abstract
Background. Phenylephrine (PE) is a α-adrenergic agent commonly administered by perfusion and anesthesia. It is important to identify the effect of PE, especially on cardiac function. This study was intended to show the effects of PE on cardiac function in the murine model via pressure-volume loops. Methods. Six C57BL/6J twelve-week-old female mice were studied prior to and following PE administration at 50 μg/kg IV. In vivo pressure-volume loops were recorded at both time points. Results. There was an expected increase in maximum arterial pressure by 30% (p < 0.001) and end-systolic pressure by 34% (p < 0.001). However, there was a decrease in cardiac output by 30% (p = 0.0006), ejection fraction by 36% (p = 0.0003) and stroke volume by 25% (p < 0.004). Conclusions. This study demonstrates that PE has an effect on cardiac function beyond increasing vascular resistance. The data suggest the negative effects of PE on cardiac function may be related to stimulation of cardiac α-adrenergic receptors. Perfusion (2007) 22, 289—292.
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Ma Z, Lin Y, Cheng Y, Wu W, Cai R, Chen S, Shi B, Han B, Shi X, Zhou Y, Du L, Li M. Discovery of the First Environment-Sensitive Near-Infrared (NIR) Fluorogenic Ligand for α1-Adrenergic Receptors Imaging in Vivo. J Med Chem 2016; 59:2151-62. [PMID: 26821136 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.5b01843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhao Ma
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Key Laboratory of
Chemical Biology (MOE), School of Pharmacy, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Yuxing Lin
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Key Laboratory of
Chemical Biology (MOE), School of Pharmacy, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Yanna Cheng
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Wenxiao Wu
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Key Laboratory of
Chemical Biology (MOE), School of Pharmacy, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Rong Cai
- C. Eugene Bennett Department of Chemistry, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia 26506, United States
| | - Shouzhen Chen
- Department
of Urology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Benkang Shi
- Department
of Urology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Bo Han
- Department
of Pathology, School of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Xiaodong Shi
- C. Eugene Bennett Department of Chemistry, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia 26506, United States
| | - Yubin Zhou
- Center for Translational Cancer Research, Institute of Biosciences & Technology, Texas A&M University Health Science Center, Houston, Texas 77030, United States
| | - Lupei Du
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Key Laboratory of
Chemical Biology (MOE), School of Pharmacy, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Minyong Li
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Key Laboratory of
Chemical Biology (MOE), School of Pharmacy, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
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Pytka K, Podkowa K, Rapacz A, Podkowa A, Żmudzka E, Olczyk A, Sapa J, Filipek B. The role of serotonergic, adrenergic and dopaminergic receptors in antidepressant-like effect. Pharmacol Rep 2015; 68:263-74. [PMID: 26922526 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharep.2015.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2015] [Revised: 07/29/2015] [Accepted: 08/12/2015] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Depression is a serious global illness, becoming more and more common in developed countries. Because of specific symptoms it is considered as a leading cause of disability all over the world with a high death factor due to suicides. There are many antidepressants used in the therapy, but still more than 30% of patients do not respond to the treatment. The heterogeneous nature of the illness and its complex, unclear aetiology may be responsible for these difficulties. Next to the main monoaminergic hypothesis of depression there are also many other approaches connected with the pathophysiology of the disease, including hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis dysregulation, dopaminergic, cholinergic, glutamatergic or GABA-ergic neurotransmission. Nevertheless, it can be unambiguously stated that serotonergic, noradrenergic and dopaminergic systems are precisely connected with pathogenesis of depression, and should be therefore considered as valuable targets in patients' treatment. Bearing that in mind, this review presents the role of serotonergic, adrenergic and dopaminergic receptors in antidepressant-like effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karolina Pytka
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland.
| | - Karolina Podkowa
- Department of Neurobiology, Institute of Pharmacology Polish Academy of Sciences, Kraków, Poland
| | - Anna Rapacz
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland
| | - Adrian Podkowa
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland
| | - Elżbieta Żmudzka
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland
| | - Adrian Olczyk
- Institute of Automatic Control, Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
| | - Jacek Sapa
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland
| | - Barbara Filipek
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland
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Hsiang CY, Lin LJ, Kao ST, Lo HY, Chou ST, Ho TY. Glycyrrhizin, silymarin, and ursodeoxycholic acid regulate a common hepatoprotective pathway in HepG2 cells. Phytomedicine 2015; 22:768-777. [PMID: 26141764 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2015.05.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2014] [Revised: 05/18/2015] [Accepted: 05/19/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Glycyrrhizin, silymarin, and ursodeoxycholic acid are widely used hepatoprotectants for the treatment of liver disorders, such as hepatitis C virus infection, primary biliary cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma. PURPOSE The gene expression profiles of HepG2 cells responsive to glycyrrhizin, silymarin, and ursodeoxycholic acid were analyzed in this study. METHODS HepG2 cells were treated with 25 µM hepatoprotectants for 24 h. Gene expression profiles of hepatoprotectants-treated cells were analyzed by oligonucleotide microarray in triplicates. Nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) activities were assessed by luciferase assay. RESULTS Among a total of 30,968 genes, 252 genes were commonly regulated by glycyrrhizin, silymarin, and ursodeoxycholic acid. These compounds affected the expression of genes relevant various biological pathways, such as neurotransmission, and glucose and lipid metabolism. Genes involved in hepatocarcinogenesis, apoptosis, and anti-oxidative pathways were differentially regulated by all compounds. Moreover, interaction networks showed that NF-κB might play a central role in the regulation of gene expression. Further analysis revealed that these hepatoprotectants inhibited NF-κB activities in a dose-dependent manner. CONCLUSION Our data suggested that glycyrrhizin, silymarin, and ursodeoxycholic acid regulated the expression of genes relevant to apoptosis and oxidative stress in HepG2 cells. Moreover, the regulation by these hepatoprotectants might be relevant to the suppression of NF-κB activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chien-Yun Hsiang
- Department of Microbiology, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
| | - Li-Jen Lin
- School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
| | - Shung-Te Kao
- School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Yi Lo
- Graduate Institute of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
| | - Shun-Ting Chou
- Graduate Institute of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
| | - Tin-Yun Ho
- Graduate Institute of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan; Department of Health and Nutrition Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung 41354, Taiwan.
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Bhardwaj SK, Tse YC, Ryan R, Wong TP, Srivastava LK. Impaired adrenergic-mediated plasticity of prefrontal cortical glutamate synapses in rats with developmental disruption of the ventral hippocampus. Neuropsychopharmacology 2014; 39:2963-73. [PMID: 24917197 DOI: 10.1038/npp.2014.142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2014] [Revised: 06/03/2014] [Accepted: 06/05/2014] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Neonatal ventral hippocampus (nVH) lesion in rats is a useful model to study developmental origins of adult cognitive deficits and certain features of schizophrenia. nVH lesion-induced reorganization of excitatory and inhibitory neurotransmissions within prefrontal cortical (PFC) circuits is widely believed to be responsible for many of the behavioral abnormalities in these animals. Here we provide evidence that development of an aberrant medial PFC (mPFC) α-1 adrenergic receptor (α-1AR) function following neonatal lesion markedly affects glutamatergic synaptic plasticity within PFC microcircuits and contributes to PFC-related behavior abnormalities. Using whole-cell patch-clamp recording, we report that norepinephrine-induced α-1AR-dependent long-term depression (LTD) in a subset of cortico-cortical glutamatergic inputs is strikingly diminished in mPFC slices from nVH-lesioned rats. The LTD impairment occurs in conjunction with completely blunted α-1AR signaling through extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2. These α-1AR abnormalities have functional significance in a mPFC-related function, that is, extinction of conditioned fear memory. Post-pubertal animals with nVH lesion show significant resistance to extinction of fear by repeated presentations of the conditioned tone stimulus. mPFC infusion of an α-1AR antagonist (benoxathian) or LTD blocking peptide (Tat-GluR23Y) impaired fear extinction in sham controls, but had no significant effect in the lesioned animals. The data suggest that impaired α-1 adrenergic regulation of cortical glutamatergic synaptic plasticity may be an important mechanism in cognitive dysfunctions reported in neurodevelopmental psychiatric disorders.
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Liu TT, Ding TL, Ma Y, Wei W. Selective α1B- and α1D-adrenoceptor antagonists suppress noradrenaline-induced activation, proliferation and ECM secretion of rat hepatic stellate cells in vitro. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2014; 35:1385-92. [PMID: 25283507 DOI: 10.1038/aps.2014.84] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2014] [Accepted: 07/07/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM To explore the effects of noradrenaline (NA) on hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) in vitro and to determine the adrenoceptor (AR) subtypes and underlying mechanisms. METHODS The distribution and expressions of α1A-, α1B-, and α1D-ARs in HSC-T6 cells were analyzed using immunocytochemistry and RT-PCR. Cell proliferation was evaluated with MTT assay. The expression of HSC activation factors [transforming factor-β1 (TGF-β1) and α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA)], extracellular matrix (ECM) secretion factors [tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 (TIMP-1) and collagen-Ι (ColΙ)] and PKC-PI3K-AKT signaling components (PKC, PI3K, and AKT) in the cells were detected by Western blotting and RT-PCR. RESULTS Both α1B- and α1D-AR were expressed in the membrane of HSC-T6 cells, whereas α1A-AR was not detected. Treatment of the cells with NA concentration-dependently increased cell proliferation (EC50=277 nmol/L), which was suppressed by the α1B-AR antagonist CEC or by the α1D-AR antagonist BMY7378. Furthermore, NA (0.001, 0.1, and 10 μmol/L) concentration-dependently increased the expression of TGF-β1, α-SMA, TIMP-1 and ColΙ, PKC and PI3K, and phosphorylation of AKT in HSC-T6 cells, which were suppressed by CEC or BMY7378, or by pertussis toxin (PT), RO-32-0432 (PKC antagonist), LY294002 (PI3K antagonist) or GSK690693 (AKT antagonist). CONCLUSION NA promotes HSC-T6 cell activation, proliferation and secretion of ECM in vitro via activation of Gα-coupled α1B-AR and α1D-AR and the PKC-PI3K-AKT signaling pathway.
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Liao MH, Liu SS, Peng IC, Tsai FJ, Huang HH. The stimulatory effects of alpha1-adrenergic receptors on TGF-beta1, IGF-1 and hyaluronan production in human skin fibroblasts. Cell Tissue Res 2014; 357:681-93. [PMID: 24844469 DOI: 10.1007/s00441-014-1893-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2013] [Accepted: 04/10/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Skin fibroblasts modulate tissue repair, wound healing and immunological responses. Adrenergic receptors (ARs) mediate important physiological functions, such as endocrine, metabolic and neuronal activity. In this study, the expression α1A-ARs in human skin fibroblasts is examined and verified. Regulatory effects of α1-agonist cirazoline on cell migration and the production of transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1), insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1), hyaluronan (HA), fibronectin and procollagen type I carboxy-terminal peptide (PIP) by human skin fibroblasts are assessed and validated. α1A-AR mRNA and protein were found in human skin fibroblasts WS1. Exposure of cirazoline doubled skin fibroblast migration and the increase in cell migration was attenuated by α1-antagonist prazosin. TGF-β1 mRNA and production were enhanced after exposure to cirazoline and IGF-1 production was also increased after treatment with cirazoline. Exposure to cirazoline also enhanced HA and PIP production. The increases in TGF-β1, IGF-1, HA and PIP production were partially abolished in fibroblasts transfected with α1A-AR short interfering RNAs, indicating that α1A-ARs are involved in the cirazoline-induced increases in TGF-β1, IGF-1, HA and PIP production. Thus, α1A-ARs are stably expressed and stimulate cell migration and TGF-β1, IGF-1, HA and PIP production in human skin fibroblasts. Moreover, TGF-β1, IGF-1, HA and PIP production and the cell migration of human skin fibroblasts are possibly modulated by natural catecholamines produced by the endocrine system or sympathetic innervation, which could directly or indirectly participate in cytokine secretion, fibroblast migration and matrix production of wound healing in the skin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Huei Liao
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung, Taiwan
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Ulu N, Henning RH, Guner S, Zoto T, Duman-Dalkilic B, Duin M, Gurdal H. Intracellular Transactivation of Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor by α1A-Adrenoceptor Is Mediated by Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinase Independently of Activation of Extracellular Signal Regulated Kinases 1/2 and Serine-Threonine Kinases in Chinese Hamster Ovary Cells. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2013; 347:47-56. [DOI: 10.1124/jpet.113.206243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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Palea S, Maiga A, Guilloteau V, Rekik M, Guérard M, Rouget C, Rischmann P, Botto H, Camparo P, Lluel P, Gilles N. Effects of ρ-Da1a a peptidic α(1) (A) -adrenoceptor antagonist in human isolated prostatic adenoma and anaesthetized rats. Br J Pharmacol 2013; 168:618-31. [PMID: 23005263 DOI: 10.1111/j.1476-5381.2012.02231.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2012] [Revised: 07/09/2012] [Accepted: 08/08/2012] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE ρ-Da1a, a 65 amino-acid peptide, has subnanomolar affinity and high selectivity for the human α(1) (A) -adrenoceptor subtype. The purpose of this study was to characterize the pharmacological effects of ρ-Da1a on prostatic function, both in vivo and in vitro. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH ρ-Da1a was tested as an antagonist of adrenaline-induced effects on COS cells transfected with the human α(1) (A) -adrenoceptor as well as on human isolated prostatic adenoma obtained from patients suffering from benign prostatic hyperplasia. Moreover, we compared the effects of ρ-Da1a and tamsulosin on phenylephrine (PHE)-induced increases in intra-urethral (IUP) and arterial pressures (AP) in anaesthetized rats, following i.v. or p.o. administration. KEY RESULTS On COS cells expressing human α(1) (A) -adrenoceptors and on human prostatic strips, ρ-Da1a inhibited adrenaline- and noradrenaline-induced effects. In anaesthetized rats, ρ-Da1a and tamsulosin administered i.v. 30 min before PHE significantly antagonized the effects of PHE on IUP. The pK(B) values for tamsulosin and ρ-Da1a for this effect were similar. With regards to AP, ρ-Da1a only reduced the effect of PHE on AP at the lowest dose tested (10 μg·kg(-1) ), whereas tamsulosin significantly reduced PHE effects at doses between 10 and 150 μg·kg(-1) . CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS ρ-Da1a exhibited a relevant effect on IUP and a small effect on AP. In contrast, tamsulosin antagonized the effects of PHE on both IUP and AP. We conclude that ρ-Da1a is more uroselective than tamsulosin. ρ-Da1a is the most selective peptidic antagonist for α(1A) -adenoceptors identified to date and could be a new treatment for various urological diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Palea
- UROsphere, Faculté des Sciences Pharmaceutiques, Toulouse, France.
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Ngo T, Nicholas TJ, Chen J, Finch AM, Griffith R. 5-HT1A receptor pharmacophores to screen for off-target activity of α1-adrenoceptor antagonists. J Comput Aided Mol Des 2013; 27:305-19. [PMID: 23625023 DOI: 10.1007/s10822-013-9647-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2013] [Accepted: 04/13/2013] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The α1-adrenoceptors (α1-ARs), in particular the α1A-AR subtype, are current therapeutic targets of choice for the treatment of urogenital conditions, such as benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). Due to the similarity between the transmembrane domains of the α1-AR subtypes, and the serotonin receptor subtype 1A (5-HT1A-R), currently used α1-AR subtype-selective drugs to treat BPH display considerable off-target affinity for the 5-HT1A-R, leading to side effects. We describe the construction and validation of pharmacophores for 5-HT1A-R agonists and antagonists. Through the structural diversity of the training sets used in their development, these pharmacophores define the properties of a compound needed to bind to 5-HT1A receptors. Using these and previously published pharmacophores in virtual screening and profiling, we have identified unique chemical compounds (hits) that fit the requirements to bind to our target, the α1A-AR, selectively over the off-target, the 5-HT1A-R. Selected hits have been obtained and their affinities for α1A-AR, α1B-AR and 5-HT1A-R determined in radioligand binding assays, using membrane preparations which contain human receptors expressed individually. Three of the tested hits demonstrate statistically significant selectivity for α1A-AR over 5-HT1A-R. All seven tested hits bind to α1A-AR, with two compounds displaying K i values below 1 μM, and a further two K i values of around 10 μM. The insights and knowledge gained through the development of the new 5-HT1A-R pharmacophores will greatly aid in the design and synthesis of derivatives of our lead compound, and allow the generation of more efficacious and selective ligands.
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Lee HN, Lee KS, Lee SY, Shim BS, Lee YS, Hong JH, Lim BH, Lee HM. Effects of Doxazosin on Alpha 1-Adrenergic Receptors in Prostates with Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia. Low Urin Tract Symptoms 2012; 5:82-9. [PMID: 26663375 DOI: 10.1111/j.1757-5672.2012.00168.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The present study aimed to evaluate changes in mRNA and protein expression levels of α1-AR before and after doxazosin treatment. METHODS This 12-month, prospective study included males aged 50 or older who had lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) (International Prostate Symptom Score [IPSS] ≥ 8) with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). All patients underwent transrectal ultrasound-guided prostate biopsy before and after doxazosin 4 mg medication for 12 months. The mRNA and protein expression of prostate α1-AR were analyzed using real-time quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain and Western blotting, respectively, before and after treatment. The clinical efficacy of doxazosin was evaluated according to changes in prostate volume, serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA) level, IPSS, quality of life (QoL) index, maximum flow rate, parameters in a voiding diary, and a Patient's Perception of Bladder Condition (PPBC) questionnaire. RESULTS Twenty patients aged 50-72 (median age 66) with LUTS secondary to BPH completed this study. Administering doxazosin for 12 months significantly increased α1-AR protein expression in the prostate. α1-AR mRNA expression did not change significantly after doxazosin administration. IPSS, QoL index, and PPBC scores significantly improved after 12 months of doxazosin treatment. Maximal flow rate, postvoid residual urine volume (PVR), prostate volume and the parameters from the voiding diary did not change significantly after 12 months. The change of IPSS total score and LUTS were maintained until 12 months after starting treatment with doxazosin. CONCLUSION Doxazosin treatment was able to increase α1-AR protein expression in the prostate. Despite increased α1-AR expression, doxazosin provides sustained, significant relief of LUTS for up to one year without a decrease in efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ha Na Lee
- Department of Urology, Ewha Womans University Medical Center Seoul Seonam Hospital, Seoul, KoreaDepartment of Urology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, KoreaDepartment of Urology, Myongji Hospital, Kwandong University College of Medicine, Goyang, KoreaDepartment of Urology, Ewha Womans University School of Medicine, Seoul, KoreaDepartment of Urology, Samsungchangwon Hospital, Masan, KoreaDepartment of Urology, Dankook University College of Medicine, Cheonan, Korea
| | - Kyu-Sung Lee
- Department of Urology, Ewha Womans University Medical Center Seoul Seonam Hospital, Seoul, KoreaDepartment of Urology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, KoreaDepartment of Urology, Myongji Hospital, Kwandong University College of Medicine, Goyang, KoreaDepartment of Urology, Ewha Womans University School of Medicine, Seoul, KoreaDepartment of Urology, Samsungchangwon Hospital, Masan, KoreaDepartment of Urology, Dankook University College of Medicine, Cheonan, Korea
| | - Seo Yeon Lee
- Department of Urology, Ewha Womans University Medical Center Seoul Seonam Hospital, Seoul, KoreaDepartment of Urology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, KoreaDepartment of Urology, Myongji Hospital, Kwandong University College of Medicine, Goyang, KoreaDepartment of Urology, Ewha Womans University School of Medicine, Seoul, KoreaDepartment of Urology, Samsungchangwon Hospital, Masan, KoreaDepartment of Urology, Dankook University College of Medicine, Cheonan, Korea
| | - Bong Suk Shim
- Department of Urology, Ewha Womans University Medical Center Seoul Seonam Hospital, Seoul, KoreaDepartment of Urology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, KoreaDepartment of Urology, Myongji Hospital, Kwandong University College of Medicine, Goyang, KoreaDepartment of Urology, Ewha Womans University School of Medicine, Seoul, KoreaDepartment of Urology, Samsungchangwon Hospital, Masan, KoreaDepartment of Urology, Dankook University College of Medicine, Cheonan, Korea
| | - Young-Suk Lee
- Department of Urology, Ewha Womans University Medical Center Seoul Seonam Hospital, Seoul, KoreaDepartment of Urology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, KoreaDepartment of Urology, Myongji Hospital, Kwandong University College of Medicine, Goyang, KoreaDepartment of Urology, Ewha Womans University School of Medicine, Seoul, KoreaDepartment of Urology, Samsungchangwon Hospital, Masan, KoreaDepartment of Urology, Dankook University College of Medicine, Cheonan, Korea
| | - Jeong Hee Hong
- Department of Urology, Ewha Womans University Medical Center Seoul Seonam Hospital, Seoul, KoreaDepartment of Urology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, KoreaDepartment of Urology, Myongji Hospital, Kwandong University College of Medicine, Goyang, KoreaDepartment of Urology, Ewha Womans University School of Medicine, Seoul, KoreaDepartment of Urology, Samsungchangwon Hospital, Masan, KoreaDepartment of Urology, Dankook University College of Medicine, Cheonan, Korea
| | - Bong Hee Lim
- Department of Urology, Ewha Womans University Medical Center Seoul Seonam Hospital, Seoul, KoreaDepartment of Urology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, KoreaDepartment of Urology, Myongji Hospital, Kwandong University College of Medicine, Goyang, KoreaDepartment of Urology, Ewha Womans University School of Medicine, Seoul, KoreaDepartment of Urology, Samsungchangwon Hospital, Masan, KoreaDepartment of Urology, Dankook University College of Medicine, Cheonan, Korea
| | - Hyun Moo Lee
- Department of Urology, Ewha Womans University Medical Center Seoul Seonam Hospital, Seoul, KoreaDepartment of Urology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, KoreaDepartment of Urology, Myongji Hospital, Kwandong University College of Medicine, Goyang, KoreaDepartment of Urology, Ewha Womans University School of Medicine, Seoul, KoreaDepartment of Urology, Samsungchangwon Hospital, Masan, KoreaDepartment of Urology, Dankook University College of Medicine, Cheonan, Korea
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Liu F, He K, Yang X, Xu N, Liang Z, Xu M, Zhao X, Han Q, Zhang Y. α1A-adrenergic receptor induces activation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 through endocytic pathway. PLoS One 2011; 6:e21520. [PMID: 21738688 PMCID: PMC3125289 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0021520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2011] [Accepted: 05/30/2011] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) activate mitogen-activated protein kinases through a number of distinct pathways in cells. Increasing evidence has suggested that endosomal signaling has an important role in receptor signal transduction. Here we investigated the involvement of endocytosis in α1A-adrenergic receptor (α1A-AR)-induced activation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2). Agonist-mediated endocytic traffic of α1A-AR was assessed by real-time imaging of living, stably transfected human embryonic kidney 293A cells (HEK-293A). α1A-AR was internalized dynamically in cells with agonist stimulation, and actin filaments regulated the initial trafficking of α1A-AR. α1A-AR-induced activation of ERK1/2 but not p38 MAPK was sensitive to disruption of endocytosis, as demonstrated by 4°C chilling, dynamin mutation and treatment with cytochalasin D (actin depolymerizing agent). Activation of protein kinase C (PKC) and C-Raf by α1A-AR was not affected by 4°C chilling or cytochalasin D treatment. U73122 (a phospholipase C [PLC] inhibitor) and Ro 31–8220 (a PKC inhibitor) inhibited α1B-AR- but not α1A-AR-induced ERK1/2 activation. These data suggest that the endocytic pathway is involved in α1A-AR-induced ERK1/2 activation, which is independent of Gq/PLC/PKC signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Liu
- Institute of Vascular Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, and Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Sciences, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Kangmin He
- Institute of Vascular Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, and Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Sciences, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Xinxing Yang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species, Department of Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Biodynamic Optical Imaging Center, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Ning Xu
- Institute of Vascular Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, and Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Sciences, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Zhangyi Liang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species, Department of Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Biodynamic Optical Imaging Center, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Ming Xu
- Institute of Vascular Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, and Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Sciences, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Xinsheng Zhao
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species, Department of Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Biodynamic Optical Imaging Center, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Qide Han
- Institute of Vascular Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, and Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Sciences, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Youyi Zhang
- Institute of Vascular Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, and Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Sciences, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
- * E-mail:
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Lee JH, Bahk JH, Park SH, Huh J. The diabetes-induced functional and distributional changes of the alpha 1-adrenoceptor of the abdominal aorta and distal mesenteric artery from streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Korean J Anesthesiol 2011; 60:272-81. [PMID: 21602978 PMCID: PMC3092963 DOI: 10.4097/kjae.2011.60.4.272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2010] [Revised: 11/16/2010] [Accepted: 11/16/2010] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of diabetes on the function and distribution of vascular α1-adrenoceptors in the abdominal aorta and distal mesenteric artery from streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats at the level of the α1-adrenoceptor subtypes. Methods Diabetes was induced by a single intravenous injection of STZ (60 mg/kg) in 8 week-old male Sprague-Dawley rats (n = 11). Age-matched normal rats (n = 14) were used as a control group. Four weeks after STZ injection, the tilting-induced change of the mean arterial pressure was recorded. The α1-adrenoceptor subtypes mediating the contractions of the distal mesenteric artery and abdominal aorta were investigated using the agonist phenylephrine and subtype-selective antagonists that included prazocin, 5-methylurapidil and BMY 7378. The expressions of the α1-adrenoceptor subtypes of each artery were examined by immunofluorescence staining using the subtype selective antibodies. Results The recovery of the mean arterial pressure was delayed after positional change in the diabetic rats. Compared with that of the normal rats, the contractile response to phenylephrine was increased in the abdominal aortas and it was decreased in the distal mesenteric arteries in the diabetic rats. In addition, compared with the normal rats, the fluorescent intensity of all the α1-adrenoceptor subtypes was increased in the abdominal aortas and it was decreased in the mesenteric arteries of the diabetic rats. Conclusions Diabetes increased the contractility of the abdominal aorta in response to phenylephrine, yet diabetes decreased that of the mesenteric arteries in the STZ-induced diabetic rats. Those results are mainly based on the overall change of the α1-adrenoceptor, and not on the change of the specific α1-adrenoceptor subtypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jong-Hwan Lee
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Ciolek J, Maïga A, Marcon E, Servent D, Gilles N. Pharmacological characterization of zinc and copper interaction with the human alpha(1A)-adrenoceptor. Eur J Pharmacol 2011; 655:1-8. [PMID: 21262225 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2010.12.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2010] [Revised: 11/22/2010] [Accepted: 12/15/2010] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Metal ions have a major role in human health, and interact with many classes of receptors including the G-protein coupled receptors. In the peripheral system, zinc mainly accumulates in the soft prostate organ and, with copper, influences prostate disease progression, from normal to hypertrophic or cancerous states. The development of these pathologies may be influenced by the α(1A)-adrenoceptor, the principal regulator of prostate tonicity. There is currently no information on possible interactions between metals and the α(1A)-adrenoceptor. We therefore studied the effects of several mono- and divalent ions on this receptor subtype using binding and functional experiments performed on expressed cloned human α(1A)-adrenoceptor. Regardless of the counter anion used, Zn(2+) and Cu(2+) interact with α(1A)-adrenoceptor with apparent affinities in the low micromolar range. In addition, using specific binding experiments, we established that these ions acted as negative allosteric ligands on prazosin/α(1A)-adrenoceptor interaction, but in a different manner from the allosteric modulator 5-(N-ethyl-N-isopropyl)-amiloride, suggesting distinct mode of interaction. In addition, the presence of Cu(2+) weakly decreased epinephrine affinity, whereas the addition of Zn(2+) shifted to the left the epinephrine binding curve, revealing a positive allosteric effect but only on half of the binding site. Finally, cell-based functional experiments demonstrated that Zn(2+) and Cu(2+) antagonized epinephrine activation in an insurmountable manner, by reducing agonist efficacy without any shift in the epinephrine activation curves. This study shows the interactions between metal ions and the α(1A)-adrenoceptor with affinities compatible with physiological concentrations and suggests that zinc and copper may have a biological role in prostate function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justyna Ciolek
- CEA Saclay, iBiTec-S, SIMOPRO, 91191 Gif sur Yvette, France
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25
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Hou X, Ren J, Wang S, He L. Establishment of a High Expression of α1A Adrenergic Receptor Cell Membrane Chromatography-RPLC Method for Screening Target Components from Radix Caulophylli. Chromatographia 2010. [DOI: 10.1365/s10337-010-1723-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Wang L, Ren J, Sun M, Wang S. A combined cell membrane chromatography and online HPLC/MS method for screening compounds from Radix Caulophylli acting on the human α1A-adrenoceptor. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2010; 51:1032-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2009.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2009] [Revised: 11/05/2009] [Accepted: 11/07/2009] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Ziolkowski N, Grover AK. Functional linkage as a direction for studies in oxidative stress: α-adrenergic receptorsThis review is one of a selection of papers published in a Special Issue on Oxidative Stress in Health and Disease. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2010; 88:220-32. [PMID: 20393587 DOI: 10.1139/y10-013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
The α-adrenergic receptors (adrenoceptors) are activated by the endogenous agonists epinephrine and norepinephrine. They are G protein-coupled receptors that may be broadly classified into α1 (subclasses α1A, α1B, α1D) and α2 (subclasses α2A, α2B, α2C). The α1-adrenoceptors act by binding to Gαq subunits of the G proteins, causing activation of phospholipase C (PLC). PLC converts phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate into inositol trisphosphate (IP3) and diacylglycerol (DAG), which have downstream effects on cytosolic Ca2+ concentration. The α2-adrenoceptors bind to Gαi thus inhibiting adenylyl cyclase and decreasing cAMP levels. DAG alters protein kinase C activity and cAMP activates protein kinase A. The downstream pathways of the two receptors may also interact. Activation of α1- and α2-adrenoceptors in vascular smooth muscle results in vasoconstriction. However, the densities of individual receptor subclasses vary between vessel beds or between vessels of various sizes within the same bed. In vasculature, the densities of adrenoceptor subclasses differ between conduit arteries and arterioles. These differences, along with differences in coupling mechanisms, allow for fine regulation of arterial blood flow. This diversity is enhanced by interactions resulting from homo- and heterodimer formation of the receptors, metabolic pathways, and kinases. Reactive oxygen species generated in pathologies may alter α1- and α2-adrenoceptor cascades, change vascular contractility, or cause remodeling of blood vessels. This review emphasizes the need for understanding the functional linkage between α-adrenoceptor subtypes, coupling, cross talk, and oxidative stress in cardiovascular pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Ziolkowski
- Departments of Medicine and Biology, McMaster University, 1200 Main Street West, Hamilton, ON L8N 3Z5, Canada
| | - Ashok K. Grover
- Departments of Medicine and Biology, McMaster University, 1200 Main Street West, Hamilton, ON L8N 3Z5, Canada
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Quinton L, Girard E, Maiga A, Rekik M, Lluel P, Masuyer G, Larregola M, Marquer C, Ciolek J, Magnin T, Wagner R, Molgó J, Thai R, Fruchart-Gaillard C, Mourier G, Chamot-Rooke J, Ménez A, Palea S, Servent D, Gilles N. Isolation and pharmacological characterization of AdTx1, a natural peptide displaying specific insurmountable antagonism of the alpha1A-adrenoceptor. Br J Pharmacol 2009; 159:316-25. [PMID: 20015090 DOI: 10.1111/j.1476-5381.2009.00532.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Venoms are a rich source of ligands for ion channels, but very little is known about their capacity to modulate G-protein coupled receptor (GPCR) activity. We developed a strategy to identify novel toxins targeting GPCRs. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH We studied the interactions of mamba venom fractions with alpha(1)-adrenoceptors in binding experiments with (3)H-prazosin. The active peptide (AdTx1) was sequenced by Edman degradation and mass spectrometry fragmentation. Its synthetic homologue was pharmacologically characterized by binding experiments using cloned receptors and by functional experiments on rabbit isolated prostatic smooth muscle. KEY RESULTS AdTx1, a 65 amino-acid peptide stabilized by four disulphide bridges, belongs to the three-finger-fold peptide family. It has subnanomolar affinity (K(i)= 0.35 nM) and high specificity for the human alpha(1A)-adrenoceptor subtype. We showed high selectivity and affinity (K(d)= 0.6 nM) of radio-labelled AdTx1 in direct binding experiments and revealed a slow association constant (k(on)= 6 x 10(6).M(-1).min(-1)) with an unusually stable alpha(1A)-adrenoceptor/AdTx1 complex (t(1/2diss)= 3.6 h). AdTx1 displayed potent insurmountable antagonism of phenylephrine's actions in vitro (rabbit isolated prostatic muscle) at concentrations of 10 to 100 nM. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS AdTx1 is the most specific and selective peptide inhibitor for the alpha(1A)-adrenoceptor identified to date. It displays insurmountable antagonism, acting as a potent relaxant of smooth muscle. Its peptidic nature can be exploited to develop new tools, as a radio-labelled-AdTx1 or a fluoro-labelled-AdTx1. Identification of AdTx1 thus offers new perspectives for developing new drugs for treating benign prostatic hyperplasia.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Quinton
- Laboratoire des Mécanismes Réactionnels, Ecole Polytechnique, Palaiseau, France
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Dellabella M, Milanese G, Sigala S, d’Anzeo G, Arrighi N, Bodei S, Muzzonigro G. The role of the prostatic stroma in chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome. Inflamm Res 2009; 58:829-36. [DOI: 10.1007/s00011-009-0086-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2009] [Revised: 08/17/2009] [Accepted: 08/19/2009] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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Schraml E, Fuchs R, Kotzbeck P, Grillari J, Schauenstein K. Acute adrenergic stress inhibits proliferation of murine hematopoietic progenitor cells via p38/MAPK signaling. Stem Cells Dev 2009; 18:215-27. [PMID: 18444787 DOI: 10.1089/scd.2008.0072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute adrenergic stress is a cause of hematopoietic failure that accompanies severe injury. Although the communication between neuronal and immune system is well documented and catecholamines are known as important regulators of homeostasis, the molecular mechanisms of hematopoietic failure are not well understood. To study the influence of adrenergic stress on hematopoietic progenitor cells (HPCs), which recently have been found to express adrenergic receptors, Lin(-),Sca(+), cells were isolated and treated with alpha- and beta-adrenergic agonists in vitro. Indeed, this stimulation resulted in significantly decreased colony formation capacity using granulocyte/macrophage colony-forming unit assays. This decline was dependent on the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and activation of the p38/mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway, since the addition of antioxidants or a p38 inhibitor restored CFU formation. DNA damage by adrenergically induced ROS, however, does not seem to account for the reduction of colonies. Thus, catecholamine/p38/MAPK is identified as a key signal transduction pathway in HPCs besides those dependent on Wnt, Notch, and sonic hedgehog. Furthermore, a well-known target of p38 signaling, p16 is transcriptionally activated after adrenergic stimulation, suggesting that cell cycle arrest might importantly contribute to hematopoietic failure and immune dysfunctions after severe injury. Since increased levels of catecholamines are also observed in other conditions, such as during aging which is linked with decline of immune functions, adrenergic stress might as well contribute to the lowered immune defence in the elderly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabeth Schraml
- Institute of Pathophysiology and Immunology, Center of Molecular Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria.
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Kojima Y, Sasaki S, Hayashi Y, Tsujimoto G, Kohri K. Subtypes of alpha1-adrenoceptors in BPH: future prospects for personalized medicine. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC. 2009;6:44-53. [PMID: 19132005 DOI: 10.1038/ncpuro1276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2008] [Accepted: 11/14/2008] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The alpha(1)-adrenoceptors (alpha(1)-ARs) are involved in regulation of prostatic smooth muscle tone, and are a critical mediator of lower urinary tract symptoms and pathophysiology in benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). As a result, alpha(1)-AR antagonists are now used as first-line medical treatment for BPH. Three alpha(1)-AR subtypes (alpha(1a)-AR, alpha(1b)-AR, alpha(1d)-AR) have been identified on the basis of results of pharmacological and molecular cloning studies; however, the precise physiological role of individual alpha(1)-AR subtypes remains elusive. The expression levels of alpha(1)-AR subtypes in the prostate differ between patients, and individual differences in the genetic background of patients with BPH might be associated with variation in responses to subtype-selective alpha(1)-AR antagonists. In addition, single nucleotide polymorphism and microarray-based gene expression profiling studies might provide an opportunity to identify markers that predict clinical response and therapeutic tolerance to alpha(1)-AR antagonists. Further genomic studies will refine our knowledge of the functions of alpha(1)-AR subtypes, lead to new strategies for the clinical management of BPH and, perhaps, enable personalized treatment of BPH in the future.
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Meisner JG, Reid AR, Sawynok J. Adrenergic regulation of P2X3 and TRPV1 receptors: differential effects of spared nerve injury. Neurosci Lett 2008; 444:172-5. [PMID: 18722504 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2008.08.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2008] [Revised: 08/11/2008] [Accepted: 08/12/2008] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Local application of alphabetaMeATP (ligand for P2X3 receptors) and capsaicin (ligand for TRPV1 receptors) to the rat hindpaw produces pain behaviors (flinching) which are enhanced by noradrenaline (NA). In this study, we have examined the effect of nerve injury on adrenergic regulation of P2X3 and TRPV1 receptors by administering alphabetaMeATP and capsaicin, alone and in combination with NA, into the lateral and medial hindpaw in the spared nerve injury (SNI) model; this allows for an exploration of the role of injured and uninjured afferents in their effects on nociceptive signaling using a behavioral model. Following lateral hindpaw injections (sural sensory field), effects of NA and alphabetaMeATP, both alone and in combination, were increased following SNI, but no such effects were seen following medial hindpaw injections (saphenous sensory field). Following lateral hindpaw injections, the effect of capsaicin alone was unaltered following SNI, but the effect of NA/capsaicin was reduced; this latter effect was not seen following medial hindpaw injections. At the lateral site, prazosin (alpha1-adrenergic receptor antagonist) inhibited the effect of NA/alphabetaMeATP following SNI, but neither prazosin nor GF109203X (protein kinase C inhibitor) inhibited the effect of NA/capsaicin following SNI. These results demonstrate: (a) an enhanced adrenergic regulation of P2X3 receptor activity at lateral sites following SNI where signaling afferents are directly influenced by injured neurons; (b) differential effects on adrenergic regulation of TRPV1 receptors under the same conditions; (c) lack of such changes when agents are administered into medial sites following SNI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason G Meisner
- Department of Pharmacology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada B3H 1X5
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Abstract
The first demonstration of how biochemical changes in neurons in specific parts of the brain direct a complete mammalian behavior derived from the effects of estrogens in hypothalamic neurons that facilitate lordosis behavior, the primary reproductive behavior of female quadrupeds (Pfaff. Estrogens and Brain Function. 1980; Pfaff. Drive: Neurobiological and Molecular Mechanisms of Sexual Motivation. 1999). Sex behaviors depend on sexual arousal that in turn depends on a primitive function: generalized CNS arousal (Pfaff. Brain Arousal and Information Theory. 2006). Here we summarize one of the ways in which a generalized arousal transmitter, norepinephrine, can influence the electrical excitability of ventromedial hypothalamic cells in a way that will foster female sex behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- A W Lee
- Laboratory of Neurobiology and Behavior, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10021, USA
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34
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Schnee PM, Shah N, Bergheim M, Poindexter BJ, Buja LM, Gemmato C, Radovancevic B, Letsou GV, Frazier OH, Bick RJ. Location and density of alpha- and beta-adrenoreceptor sub-types in myocardium after mechanical left ventricular unloading. J Heart Lung Transplant 2008; 27:710-7. [PMID: 18582798 DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2008.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2007] [Revised: 02/13/2008] [Accepted: 03/27/2008] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND We hypothesized that not all subtypes of alpha- and beta-adrenoreceptors undergo similar upregulation and redistribution in human myocardium after mechanical unloading with an assist device. METHODS We obtained core biopsy samples of the left ventricle in 19 patients before and after removal of a Jarvik or Thoratec left ventricular assist device (LVAD) to study the effect of mechanical unloading on the distribution of alpha- and beta-adrenoreceptors. Fresh, embedded tissue sections were incubated with receptor blockers and antibodies before the fluorescent labeling of receptors. Images were obtained by fluorescence deconvolution microscopy, and composite tissue renditions were made from the stacked images. Multiple adrenoreceptor subtypes were studied. RESULTS We saw a reversal of myocyte hypertrophy in all patients, but the upregulation of receptors was not seen in all post-LVAD tissue samples. Furthermore, we noted receptor relocalization from an initial punctate/clumped pattern to a normal homogeneous distribution in many patients. Significant differences were seen in the distribution of beta(2)- and alpha(1)-receptors and in alpha(1A) subtypes. CONCLUSIONS In this study we show not only the expected reversal of myocyte hypertrophy and the increase in adrenoreceptors after ventricular unloading, but also the relocalization of specific receptor subtypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pippa M Schnee
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgical Research, Texas Heart Institute, St Luke's Episcopal Hospital, Houston, Texas, USA
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Kerchove CM, Luna MSA, Zablith MB, Lazari MFM, Smaili SS, Yamanouye N. Alpha1-adrenoceptors trigger the snake venom production cycle in secretory cells by activating phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate hydrolysis and ERK signaling pathway. Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol 2008; 150:431-7. [PMID: 18555716 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2008.04.607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2008] [Revised: 04/30/2008] [Accepted: 04/30/2008] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Loss of venom from the venom gland after biting or manual extraction leads to morphological changes in venom secreting cells and the start of a cycle of production of new venom. We have previously shown that stimulation of both alpha- and beta-adrenoceptors in the secretory cells of the venom gland is essential for the onset of the venom production cycle in Bothrops jararaca. We investigated the signaling pathway by which the alpha-adrenoceptor initiates the venom production cycle. Our results show that the alpha(1)-adrenoceptor subtype is present in venom gland of the snake. In quiescent cells, stimulation of alpha(1)-adrenoceptor with phenylephrine increased the total inositol phosphate concentration, and this effect was blocked by the phospholipase C inhibitor U73122. Phenylephrine mobilized Ca(2+) from thapsigargin-sensitive stores and increased protein kinase C activity. In addition, alpha(1)-adrenoceptor stimulation increased the activity of ERK 1/2, partially via protein kinase C. Using RT-PCR approach we obtained a partial sequence of a snake alpha(1)-adrenoceptor (260 bp) with higher identity with alpha(1D) and alpha(1B)-adrenoceptors from different species. These results suggest that alpha(1)-adrenoceptors in the venom secreting cells are probably coupled to a G(q) protein and trigger the venom production cycle by activating the phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate and ERK signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Celine M Kerchove
- Laboratório de Farmacologia, Instituto Butantan, Av. Vital Brazil, 1500, 05503-900, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
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Huang K, Shi Y, Tang W, Tang R, Guo S, Xu Y, Meng J, Li X, Feng G, He L. No association found between the promoter variants of ADRA1A and schizophrenia in the Chinese population. J Psychiatr Res 2008; 42:384-8. [PMID: 17408692 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2007.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2006] [Revised: 01/10/2007] [Accepted: 02/01/2007] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Schizophrenia is a chronic psychiatry disorder with a strong genetic component. A recent association study of alpha(1A)-adrenoceptor gene (ADRA1A) involving an isolated Spanish population, focusing on the promoter region of the ADRA1A, genotyped eight single SNPs at the promoter region of ADRA1A and found that two SNPs, -563G/A and -9625G/A, were associated with schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorders. We were interested in the two positive sites reported and selected five variants among the promoter region of ADRA1A, namely -563G/A, -9625G/A, -2760C/A, -4155G/C and a new substitution we detected between -508bp and -530bp upstream of the translation initiation site. Our sample consisted of 480 schizophrenia and 480 control subjects. All recruits were Han Chinese in Shanghai origin. However, neither individual SNP nor any haplotype was associated with schizophrenia in our study. These results suggest that the variants among the promoter of ADRA1A gene are unlikely to play a major role in the susceptibility to schizophrenia in the Chinese population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Huang
- Bio-X Life Science Research Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 1954 Huashan Road, Shanghai 200030, PR China
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Yang H, Zhang Y, Liu Z, Chen P, Ma K, Zhou C. Mouse embryonic stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes express functional adrenoceptors. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2008; 368:887-92. [PMID: 18279663 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2008.02.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2008] [Accepted: 02/03/2008] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
The cardiogenic capacity of embryonic stem (ES) cells has been well-investigated. However, little is known about the development of adrenoceptor (AR) systems during the process of ES cell differentiation, which are critically important in cardiac physiology and pharmacology. In this present study, we investigated the expression profile of adrenoceptor subtypes, beta-adrenergic modulation of muscarinic receptors and adrenoceptor-related signaling in cardiomyocytes derived from ES cells (ESCMs). Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction revealed that undifferentiated mouse ES cells expressed alpha(1A)-, alpha(1B)-, alpha(1D)- and beta(2)-AR mRNA. However, beta(1)-AR was only expressed after vitamin C induction. The expressions of alpha(1A)-, alpha(1D)- and beta(1)-ARs increased significantly while alpha(1B)- and beta(2)-ARs showed no significant change during the differentiation process. Furthermore, we detected the expression of tyrosine hydroxylase. Both alpha(1)-AR and beta-AR could activate extracellular responsive kinase in ESCMs. Isoprenaline could inhibit the expression of M(2) muscarinic receptor protein. CGP20712A, a beta(1)-AR antagonist, up-regulated the expression of M(2) muscarinic receptor while ICI118551, a beta(2)-AR antagonist, showed no effect. These results indicated that functional adrenoceptors and tyrosine hydroxylase, a critical enzyme in catecholamine biosynthesis, were differentially expressed in ESCMs. Adrenoceptor-related signaling pathways and beta-adrenergic modulation of muscarinic receptors were established during differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongtao Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100083, China
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Long KM, Kirby R. An update on cardiovascular adrenergic receptor physiology and potential pharmacological applications in veterinary critical care. J Vet Emerg Crit Care (San Antonio) 2008. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1476-4431.2007.00266.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Phillips TJ, Kamens HM, Wheeler JM. Behavioral genetic contributions to the study of addiction-related amphetamine effects. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2007; 32:707-59. [PMID: 18207241 PMCID: PMC2360482 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2007.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2007] [Revised: 09/28/2007] [Accepted: 10/28/2007] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Amphetamines, including methamphetamine, pose a significant cost to society due to significant numbers of amphetamine-abusing individuals who suffer major health-related consequences. In addition, methamphetamine use is associated with heightened rates of violent and property-related crimes. The current paper reviews the existing literature addressing genetic differences in mice that impact behavioral responses thought to be relevant to the abuse of amphetamine and amphetamine-like drugs. Summarized are studies that used inbred strains, selected lines, single-gene knockouts and transgenics, and quantitative trait locus (QTL) mapping populations. Acute sensitivity, neuroadaptive responses, rewarding and conditioned effects are among those reviewed. Some gene mapping work has been accomplished, and although no amphetamine-related complex trait genes have been definitively identified, translational work leading from results in the mouse to studies performed in humans is beginning to emerge. The majority of genetic investigations have utilized single-gene knockout mice and have concentrated on dopamine- and glutamate-related genes. Genes that code for cell support and signaling molecules are also well-represented. There is a large behavioral genetic literature on responsiveness to amphetamines, but a considerably smaller literature focused on genes that influence the development and acceleration of amphetamine use, withdrawal, relapse, and behavioral toxicity. Also missing are genetic investigations into the effects of amphetamines on social behaviors. This information might help to identify at-risk individuals and in the future to develop treatments that take advantage of individualized genetic information.
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Li M, Xia L. Rational Design, Synthesis, Biologic Evaluation, and Structure–activity Relationship Studies of Novel 1-Indanone α1-Adrenoceptor Antagonists. Chem Biol Drug Des 2007; 70:461-4. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1747-0285.2007.00581.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Kojima Y, Sasaki S, Shinoura H, Hayase M, Kubota Y, Hayashi Y, Tsujimoto G, Kohri K. Change of expression levels of alpha1-adrenoceptor subtypes by administration of alpha1d-adrenoceptor-subtype-selective antagonist naftopidil in benign prostate hyperplasia patients. Prostate 2007; 67:1285-92. [PMID: 17626248 DOI: 10.1002/pros.20624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We examined whether the change of alpha(1)-adrenoceptor (alpha(1)-AR) subtype expression levels in the prostate occurred by administration of the alpha(1d)-AR-subtype-selective antagonist naftopidil to benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH) patients, and discussed the possible alternation of its effectiveness by the chronic administration of alpha(1)-AR antagonists. METHODS Fifteen patients with untreated BPH aged 58-76 (mean age, 68.2 +/- 7.4 years) underwent prostate biopsy from the transition zone before and after 50 mg naftopidil administration daily for 12 weeks. Taqman quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction was performed using these biopsy specimens to estimate the expression level of each alpha(1)-AR subtype. Comparison was made of the expression level of alpha(1)-AR subtypes before and after naftopidil administration. We also examined the correlation between the change of alpha(1)-AR subtype expression levels and the short-term efficacy of naftopidil. RESULTS Naftopidil administration for 12 weeks down-regulated the expression of alpha(1a)-AR and alpha(1b)-AR mRNA and up-regulated the expression of alpha(1d)-AR mRNA without a change in the total alpha(1)-AR mRNA expression level. There was no correlation between the change of alpha(1)-AR subtype expression levels and the short-term efficacy of naftopidil for BPH patients. CONCLUSION The change of alpha(1d)-AR expression level may be regarded as a compensatory adaptation to chronic alpha(1d)-AR antagonist naftopidil administration. This may mean that long-term use of the same alpha(1)-AR antagonist for BPH patients induces therapeutic tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshiyuki Kojima
- Department of Nephro-Urology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan.
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Kamikihara SY, Mueller A, Lima V, Akinaga J, Nojimoto FD, Castilho A, Buratini J, Pupo AS. alpha1-Adrenoceptors in proximal segments of tail arteries from control and reserpinised rats. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol 2007; 376:117-26. [PMID: 17676312 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-007-0176-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2007] [Accepted: 06/28/2007] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
It has been recently shown that the supersensitivity of distal segments of the rat tail artery to phenylephrine after chemical sympathectomy with reserpine results from the appearance of alpha(1D)-adrenoceptors. It is known that both alpha(1A)- and alpha(1D)-adrenoceptors are involved in the contractions of proximal portions of the rat tail artery. Therefore, this study investigated whether sympathectomy with reserpine would induce supersensitivity in proximal segments of the rat tail artery, a tissue in which alpha(1D)-adrenoceptors are already functional. Proximal segments of tail arteries from reserpinised rats were three- to sixfold more sensitive to phenylephrine and methoxamine than were arteries from control rats (n = 6-2; p < 0.05). The imidazolines N-[5-(4,5-Dihydro-1H-imidazol-2-yl)-2-hydroxy-5,6,7,8-tetrahydronaphthalen-1-yl]methanesulfonamide hydrobromide (A-61603) and oxymetazoline, which activate selectively alpha(1A)-adrenoceptors, were equipotent in tail arteries from control and reserpinised rats (n = 4-2; p < 0.05), whereas buspirone, which activates selectively alpha(1D)-adrenoceptor, was approximately 4-fold more potent in tail arteries from reserpinised rats (n = 4-6; p < 0.05). Prazosin (nonselective) and 5-methylurapidil (alpha(1A)-selective), were competitive antagonists of contractions induced by phenylephrine and were equipotent in tail arteries from control and reserpinised rats (n = 4-6). The selective alpha(1D)-adrenoceptor antagonist 8-[2-[4-(2-methoxyphenyl)-1-piperazinyl]ethyl]-8-azaspiro[4.5]decane-7,9-dione dihydrochloride (BMY-7378) presented similar complex antagonism in tail arteries from control and reserpinised rats, with Schild slopes much lower than 1.0 (p < 0.05, n = 4-6). Semiquantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) revealed that mRNA encoding alpha(1A)-and alpha(1B)-adrenoceptors are similarly distributed in tail arteries from control and reserpinised rats, whereas mRNA for alpha(1D)-adrenoceptors is twice more abundant in the tail artery from reserpinised rats. In conclusion, the supersensitivity induced by reserpine is related only to alpha(1D)-adrenoceptors, even in tissues where this receptor subtype is already present and functional. Only the use of subtype-selective alpha(1)-adrenoceptor agonists detected the increased alpha(1D)-adrenoceptor component after reserpinisation, as the antagonists behaved similarly in tail arteries from control and reserpinised rats.
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MESH Headings
- Adrenergic alpha-1 Receptor Agonists
- Adrenergic alpha-1 Receptor Antagonists
- Animals
- Arteries/drug effects
- Arteries/innervation
- Arteries/metabolism
- Buspirone/pharmacology
- Gene Expression
- Imidazoles/pharmacology
- In Vitro Techniques
- Male
- Methoxamine/pharmacology
- Muscle Contraction/drug effects
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/drug effects
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/metabolism
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/physiology
- Oxymetazoline/pharmacology
- Phenylephrine/pharmacology
- Piperazines/pharmacology
- Prazosin/pharmacology
- RNA, Messenger/biosynthesis
- Rats
- Rats, Wistar
- Receptors, Adrenergic, alpha-1/biosynthesis
- Reserpine/pharmacology
- Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
- Sympathectomy
- Tail/blood supply
- Tetrahydronaphthalenes/pharmacology
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Affiliation(s)
- Susana Y Kamikihara
- Department of Pharmacology, Instituto de Biociências, UNESP, Botucatu, SP 18618-000, Brazil
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Meisner JG, Waldron JB, Sawynok J. Alpha1-adrenergic receptors augment P2X3 receptor-mediated nociceptive responses in the uninjured state. J Pain 2007; 8:556-62. [PMID: 17512257 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpain.2007.02.434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2006] [Revised: 01/19/2007] [Accepted: 02/25/2007] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED In the present study, the adrenergic receptor (AR) subtype mediating adrenergic augmentation of P2X(3) receptor-mediated nociceptive responses on sensory nerve endings was examined by using selective AR receptor agonists and antagonists in Sprague Dawley rats in the uninjured state. Local administration of alphabeta-methyleneATP (ligand for P2X3/P2X2/3 receptors) into the plantar hind paw produced few pain behaviors when given alone in this strain of rats; combination with adrenaline (alpha1- and alpha2-AR agonist) and phenylephrine (alpha1-AR agonist) but not clonidine or UK 14,304 (alpha2-AR agonists) increased flinching behaviors. Flinching produced by noradrenaline (NA)/alphabeta-methyleneATP was suppressed by low doses of prazosin (alpha1-AR antagonist), and this reduction was selective compared with yohimbine (alpha2-AR antagonist). Prazosin also reduced flinching produced by phenylephrine/alphabeta-methyleneATP. Using thermal threshold determinations, adrenaline and phenylephrine but not clonidine or UK 14,304, mimicked the action of NA in augmenting reductions in thermal thresholds produced by alphabeta-methyleneATP. Terazosin (another alpha1-AR antagonist) inhibited hyperalgesia produced by NA/alphabeta-methyleneATP. These results provide evidence for alpha1-AR involvement in adrenergic augmentation of P2X3/P2X2/3 receptor-mediated responses on sensory nerve endings in the uninjured state in Sprague Dawley rats. PERSPECTIVE This study indicates the alpha1-adrenergic receptor subtype mediates adrenergic augmentation of the activation of sensory nerves by purinergic P2X3 receptors (respond to ATP) in the periphery. Observations are potentially relevant to chronic pain conditions in which sympathetic nerves influence sensory nerves.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason G Meisner
- Department of Pharmacology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
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Michelotti GA, Brinkley DM, Morris DP, Smith MP, Louie RJ, Schwinn DA. Epigenetic regulation of human alpha1d-adrenergic receptor gene expression: a role for DNA methylation in Sp1-dependent regulation. FASEB J 2007; 21:1979-93. [PMID: 17384146 PMCID: PMC2279228 DOI: 10.1096/fj.06-7118com] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
A growing body of evidence implicates alpha1-adrenergic receptors (alpha1ARs) as potent regulators of growth pathways. The three alpha1AR subtypes (alpha1aAR, alpha1bAR, alpha1dAR) display highly restricted tissue expression that undergoes subtype switching with many pathological stimuli, the mechanistic basis of which remains unknown. To gain insight into transcriptional pathways governing cell-specific regulation of the human alpha1dAR subtype, we cloned and characterized the alpha1dAR promoter region in two human cellular models that display disparate levels of endogenous alpha1dAR expression (SK-N-MC and DU145). Results reveal that alpha1dAR basal expression is regulated by Sp1-dependent binding of two promoter-proximal GC boxes, the mutation of which attenuates alpha1dAR promoter activity 10-fold. Mechanistically, chromatin immunoprecipitation data demonstrate that Sp1 binding correlates with expression of the endogenous gene in vivo, correlating highly with alpha1dAR promoter methylation-dependent silencing of both episomally expressed reporter constructs and the endogenous gene. Further, analysis of methylation status of proximal GC boxes using sodium bisulfite sequencing reveals differential methylation of proximal GC boxes in the two cell lines examined. Together, the data support a mechanism of methylation-dependent disruption of Sp1 binding in a cell-specific manner resulting in repression of basal alpha1dAR expression.
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MESH Headings
- Azacitidine/analogs & derivatives
- Azacitidine/pharmacology
- Base Sequence
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Chromatin/chemistry
- DNA (Cytosine-5-)-Methyltransferases/antagonists & inhibitors
- DNA Methylation
- Decitabine
- Gene Expression Regulation
- Gene Silencing
- Humans
- Immunoprecipitation
- Molecular Sequence Data
- Mutagenesis, Site-Directed
- Promoter Regions, Genetic/genetics
- Protein Binding
- RNA, Messenger/biosynthesis
- Receptors, Adrenergic, alpha-1/biosynthesis
- Receptors, Adrenergic, alpha-1/genetics
- Recombinant Fusion Proteins/biosynthesis
- Recombinant Fusion Proteins/genetics
- Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
- Sequence Analysis, DNA
- Sp1 Transcription Factor/metabolism
- Sulfites/pharmacology
- Transcription, Genetic
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Affiliation(s)
- Gregory A Michelotti
- Department of Pharmacology/Cancer Biology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA.
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Korkmaz B, Ozveren E, Buharalioglu CK, Tunctan B. Extracellular Signal-Regulated Kinase (ERK1/2) Contributes to Endotoxin-Induced Hyporeactivity via Nitric Oxide and Prostacyclin Production in Rat Aorta. Pharmacology 2006; 78:123-8. [PMID: 17008773 DOI: 10.1159/000095962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2006] [Accepted: 08/17/2006] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
This study was conducted to determine if mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) such as extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK1/2) contribute to endotoxin-induced vascular hyporeactivity via nitric oxide (NO) and/or prostacyclin (PGI(2)) production in the rat isolated thoracic aorta. Incubation of endothelium-intact rings with endotoxin (100 microg/ml) for 4 h decreased the E(max) value and increased the EC(50) value of norepinephrine. The endotoxin-induced increase in the EC(50) value of norepinephrine was decreased by phenylene-1,3-bis[ethane-2-isothiourea] dihydrobromide (1,3-PBIT), a selective inducible NO synthase inhibitor, and U0126, a selective inhibitor of ERK1/2 phosphorylation by MAPK kinase. The endotoxin-induced decrease in the E(max) value of norepinephrine was reversed by 1,3-PBIT and further decreased by U0126. 1,3-PBIT and U0126 decreased the endotoxin-induced increase in the tissue nitrite and 6-keto-PGF(1)(alpha) levels. These data suggest that events related to the activation of ERK1/2 contribute to the endotoxin-induced hyporeactivity by increasing NO and PGI(2) production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Belma Korkmaz
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mersin University, Mersin, Turkey
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Sancho-Bru P, Bataller R, Colmenero J, Gasull X, Moreno M, Arroyo V, Brenner DA, Ginès P. Norepinephrine induces calcium spikes and proinflammatory actions in human hepatic stellate cells. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2006; 291:G877-84. [PMID: 16782692 DOI: 10.1152/ajpgi.00537.2005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Catecholamines participate in the pathogenesis of portal hypertension and liver fibrosis through alpha1-adrenoceptors. However, the underlying cellular and molecular mechanisms are largely unknown. Here, we investigated the effects of norepinephrine (NE) on human hepatic stellate cells (HSC), which exert vasoactive, inflammatory, and fibrogenic actions in the injured liver. Adrenoceptor expression was assessed in human HSC by RT-PCR and immunocytochemistry. Intracellular Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]i) was studied in fura-2-loaded cells. Cell contraction was studied by assessing wrinkle formation and myosin light chain II (MLC II) phosphorylation. Cell proliferation and collagen-alpha1(I) expression were assessed by [3H]thymidine incorporation and quantitative PCR, respectively. NF-kappaB activation was assessed by luciferase reporter gene and p65 nuclear translocation. Chemokine secretion was assessed by ELISA. Normal human livers expressed alpha(1A)-adrenoceptors, which were markedly upregulated in livers with advanced fibrosis. Activated human HSC expressed alpha(1A)-adrenoceptors. NE induced multiple rapid [Ca2+]i oscillations (Ca2+ spikes). Prazosin (alpha1-blocker) completely prevented NE-induced Ca2+ spikes, whereas propranolol (nonspecific beta-blocker) partially attenuated this effect. NE caused phosphorylation of MLC II and cell contraction. In contrast, NE did not affect cell proliferation or collagen-alpha1(I) expression. Importantly, NE stimulated the secretion of inflammatory chemokines (RANTES and interleukin-8) in a dose-dependent manner. Prazosin blocked NE-induced chemokine secretion. NE stimulated NF-kappaB activation. BAY 11-7082, a specific NF-kappaB inhibitor, blocked NE-induced chemokine secretion. We conclude that NE stimulates NF-kappaB and induces cell contraction and proinflammatory effects in human HSC. Catecholamines may participate in the pathogenesis of portal hypertension and liver fibrosis by targeting HSC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pau Sancho-Bru
- Liver Unit, Institut Clínic de Malalties Digestives i Metabòliques, Hospital Clínic, Villarroel 170, Barcelona, Spain
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Milligan G, Pediani JD, Canals M, Lopez-Gimenez JF. Oligomeric structure of the alpha1b-adrenoceptor: comparisons with rhodopsin. Vision Res 2006; 46:4434-41. [PMID: 17005232 DOI: 10.1016/j.visres.2006.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2006] [Revised: 08/07/2006] [Accepted: 08/08/2006] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The structural basis of the quaternary organization of rhodopsin has recently been explored and modeled. Because information obtained from studying rhodopsin has frequently been directly applicable to other G protein-coupled receptors we wished to ascertain if dimeric and/or oligomeric forms of the alpha(1b)-adrenoceptor could be observed and if so whether rhodopsin might provide insights into the quaternary structure of this receptor. Co-immunoprecipitation and both conventional and time-resolved fluorescence resonance energy transfer studies demonstrated quaternary structure of the alpha(1b)-adrenoceptor and, in concert with the reconstitution of fragments of this receptor, provided information on the molecular basis of these interactions. Development of three color fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) allowed the imaging of alpha(1b)-adrenoceptor oligomers in single living cells. Mutation of hydrophobic residues in transmembrane domains I and IV of the receptor resulted in marked reduction in three color FRET suggesting an alteration in oligomeric organization and potential similarities with rhodopsin. The mutated alpha(1b)-adrenoceptor was unable to reach the cell surface, did not become terminally N-glycosylated and was unable to signal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Graeme Milligan
- Molecular Pharmacology Group, Division of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biomedical and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, Scotland, UK.
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Gu D, Ge D, Snieder H, He J, Chen S, Huang J, Li B, Chen R, Qiang B. Association of alpha1A adrenergic receptor gene variants on chromosome 8p21 with human stage 2 hypertension. J Hypertens 2006; 24:1049-56. [PMID: 16685204 DOI: 10.1097/01.hjh.0000226194.21311.2f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE AND DESIGN We previously reported a significant linkage between human chromosome 8p22 with essential hypertension and systolic blood pressure levels. On the basis of this, we used an efficient age, sex and area-matched case-control scheme to test the association of the polymorphisms in the human alpha1A adrenergic receptor (ADRA1A) gene, located on chromosome 8p21-p11.2, with essential hypertension in a northern Han Chinese population. METHODS Seven polymorphisms were identified by direct sequencing of genomic DNA derived from 48 randomly recruited hypertensive and 48 healthy subjects. They were also examined for association with essential hypertension in 480 stage 2 hypertensive individuals and their individually matched controls. RESULTS We observed significantly higher frequencies of the 347Arg allele and 2547G alleles in the cases compared with their controls (P = 0.04 and 0.007, respectively). McNemar's test revealed that carriers of 2547G alleles were at a greater risk of essential hypertension with an odds ratio of 3.00 [95% confidence interval (CI) 1.23-8.35]. We then performed a conditional logistic regression to adjust the effects of conventional risk factors, revealing an odds ratio of 2.84 for carriers of the 2547G allele (95% CI 1.15-6.99). With the haplotypic probabilities estimated using PHASE software, we performed haplotype trend regression analysis, showing a significant association between haplotype 7 and essential hypertension (P = 0.02), after adjustment for conventional risk factors. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that the genetic variations in the ADRA1A gene are significantly associated with essential hypertension, and may play an important role in the development of essential hypertension in this Chinese population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongfeng Gu
- Division of Population Genetics and Prevention, Cardiovascular Institute and Fu Wai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
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Abstract
The biological effects of catecholamines in mammalian pigment cells are poorly understood, but in poikilothermic vertebrates they regulate the translocation of pigment granules. We have previously demonstrated in SK-Mel 23-human melanoma cells the presence of low affinity alpha(1)-adrenoceptors, which mediate a decrease in cell proliferation and increase in tyrosinase activity, with no change of tyrosinase expression. In this report, we investigated the signalling pathways involved in these responses. Calcium mobilization in response to phenylephrine (PHE), an alpha(1)-adrenergic agonist, was investigated by confocal microscopy, and no change of fluorescence during the treatment was observed, suggesting that calcium is not involved in the signalling pathway activated by alpha(1)-adrenoceptors in SK-Mel 23 cells. cAMP levels, determined by enzyme-immunoassay, were significantly increased by PHE (10(-5)-10(-4)M), that could be blocked by the alpha(1)-adrenergic antagonist benoxathian (10(-5)-10(-4)M). Several biological assays were then performed with PHE, for 72 h, in the absence or presence of various signalling pathway inhibitors, in an attempt to determine the intracellular messengers involved in the responses of proliferation and tyrosinase activity. Our results suggest the participation of p38 and ERKs in PHE-induced decrease of proliferation, and possibly also of cAMP and protein kinase A. Regarding PHE-induced increase of tyrosinase activity, it is suggested that the following signalling components are involved: cAMP/PKA, PKC, PI3K, p38 and ERKs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Cristina Scarparo
- Departamento de Fisiologia, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, Brasil
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Kojima Y, Sasaki S, Shinoura H, Hayashi Y, Tsujimoto G, Kohri K. Quantification of alpha1-adrenoceptor subtypes by real-time RT-PCR and correlation with age and prostate volume in benign prostatic hyperplasia patients. Prostate 2006; 66:761-7. [PMID: 16425183 DOI: 10.1002/pros.20399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We used a real-time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) method for quantification of each alpha(1)-adrenoceptor (alpha(1)-AR) subtype expression level, and examined whether age and prostate volume influence human prostate alpha(1)-AR subtype expression. METHODS Enrolled in our study were 75 men with lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) secondary to untreated benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). Real-time RT-PCR was performed using prostate biopsy specimens to quantify the expression level of each alpha(1)-AR subtype. RESULTS The median expression level (interquartile range) was 1.24 (0.66-2.32), 0.16 (0.10-0.33), and 1.11 (0.75-2.27) x 1,000 copies/beta-actin for alpha(1a)-, alpha(1b)-, and alpha(1d)-AR mRNA, respectively. The expression levels differed with the individual. The expression levels of alpha(1a)-AR, alpha(1d)-AR, and total alpha(1)-AR mRNA showed a significant positive correlation with patient age, but did not correlate with prostate volume. CONCLUSION The difference in the expression of the alpha(1)-AR subtype with the patient may be the cause of the difference in the effectiveness of several subtype-selective alpha(1)-AR antagonists from patient to patient. The increase of alpha(1)-AR mRNA expression level with age could be an important factor in the pathogenesis of clinically significant BPH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshiyuki Kojima
- Department of Nephro-Urology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan.
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