1
|
Zhang A, Lu J, Feng S, Yu H, Yu T, Zhao S, Chen K, Huang Z, Xu J, Qu JY, Wen Z. Fli1 acts in parallel with Pu.1 to control macrophage and neutrophil fate in zebrafish. J Genet Genomics 2024; 51:359-362. [PMID: 37944856 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgg.2023.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Revised: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/04/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ao Zhang
- Division of Life Science, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jingao Lu
- Division of Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China
| | - Shachuan Feng
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, School of Life Science, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
| | - Huapeng Yu
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, School of Life Science, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
| | - Tao Yu
- Biomedical Research Institute, Shenzhen Peking University-Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Medical Center, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518036, China
| | - Shizheng Zhao
- Biomedical Research Institute, Shenzhen Peking University-Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Medical Center, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518036, China
| | - Kemin Chen
- Division of Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China
| | - Zhibin Huang
- Division of Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China
| | - Jin Xu
- Division of Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China
| | - Jianan Y Qu
- Department of Electronic and Computer Engineering, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Zilong Wen
- Division of Life Science, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China; Department of Immunology and Microbiology, School of Life Science, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China; Greater Bay Biomedical Innocenter, Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518067, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Shao KM, Shao WH. Transcription Factors in the Pathogenesis of Lupus Nephritis and Their Targeted Therapy. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1084. [PMID: 38256157 PMCID: PMC10816397 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25021084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Revised: 01/07/2024] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a prototype inflammatory autoimmune disease, characterized by breakdown of immunotolerance to self-antigens. Renal involvement, known as lupus nephritis (LN), is one of the leading causes of morbidity and a significant contributor to mortality in SLE. Despite current pathophysiological advances, further studies are needed to fully understand complex mechanisms underlying the development and progression of LN. Transcription factors (TFs) are proteins that regulate the expression of genes and play a crucial role in the development and progression of LN. The mechanisms of TF promoting or inhibiting gene expression are complex, and studies have just begun to reveal the pathological roles of TFs in LN. Understanding TFs in the pathogenesis of LN can provide valuable insights into this disease's mechanisms and potentially lead to the development of targeted therapies for its management. This review will focus on recent findings on TFs in the pathogenesis of LN and newly developed TF-targeted therapy in renal inflammation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kasey M. Shao
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA
| | - Wen-Hai Shao
- Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Payne S, Neal A, De Val S. Transcription factors regulating vasculogenesis and angiogenesis. Dev Dyn 2024; 253:28-58. [PMID: 36795082 PMCID: PMC10952167 DOI: 10.1002/dvdy.575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Revised: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Transcription factors (TFs) play a crucial role in regulating the dynamic and precise patterns of gene expression required for the initial specification of endothelial cells (ECs), and during endothelial growth and differentiation. While sharing many core features, ECs can be highly heterogeneous. Differential gene expression between ECs is essential to pattern the hierarchical vascular network into arteries, veins and capillaries, to drive angiogenic growth of new vessels, and to direct specialization in response to local signals. Unlike many other cell types, ECs have no single master regulator, instead relying on differing combinations of a necessarily limited repertoire of TFs to achieve tight spatial and temporal activation and repression of gene expression. Here, we will discuss the cohort of TFs known to be involved in directing gene expression during different stages of mammalian vasculogenesis and angiogenesis, with a primary focus on development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sophie Payne
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and GeneticsInstitute of Developmental and Regenerative Medicine, University of OxfordOxfordUK
| | - Alice Neal
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and GeneticsInstitute of Developmental and Regenerative Medicine, University of OxfordOxfordUK
| | - Sarah De Val
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and GeneticsInstitute of Developmental and Regenerative Medicine, University of OxfordOxfordUK
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Ray S, Hewitt K. Sticky, Adaptable, and Many-sided: SAM protein versatility in normal and pathological hematopoietic states. Bioessays 2023; 45:e2300022. [PMID: 37318311 PMCID: PMC10527593 DOI: 10.1002/bies.202300022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Revised: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
With decades of research seeking to generalize sterile alpha motif (SAM) biology, many outstanding questions remain regarding this multi-tool protein module. Recent data from structural and molecular/cell biology has begun to reveal new SAM modes of action in cell signaling cascades and biomolecular condensation. SAM-dependent mechanisms underlie blood-related (hematologic) diseases, including myelodysplastic syndromes and leukemias, prompting our focus on hematopoiesis for this review. With the increasing coverage of SAM-dependent interactomes, a hypothesis emerges that SAM interaction partners and binding affinities work to fine tune cell signaling cascades in developmental and disease contexts, including hematopoiesis and hematologic disease. This review discusses what is known and remains unknown about the standard mechanisms and neoplastic properties of SAM domains and what the future might hold for developing SAM-targeted therapies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Suhita Ray
- Department of Genetics, Cell Biology and Anatomy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, United States
| | - Kyle Hewitt
- Department of Genetics, Cell Biology and Anatomy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, United States
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Zerella JR, Homan CC, Arts P, Brown AL, Scott HS, Hahn CN. Transcription factor genetics and biology in predisposition to bone marrow failure and hematological malignancy. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1183318. [PMID: 37377909 PMCID: PMC10291195 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1183318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Transcription factors (TFs) play a critical role as key mediators of a multitude of developmental pathways, with highly regulated and tightly organized networks crucial for determining both the timing and pattern of tissue development. TFs can act as master regulators of both primitive and definitive hematopoiesis, tightly controlling the behavior of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs). These networks control the functional regulation of HSPCs including self-renewal, proliferation, and differentiation dynamics, which are essential to normal hematopoiesis. Defining the key players and dynamics of these hematopoietic transcriptional networks is essential to understanding both normal hematopoiesis and how genetic aberrations in TFs and their networks can predispose to hematopoietic disease including bone marrow failure (BMF) and hematological malignancy (HM). Despite their multifaceted and complex involvement in hematological development, advances in genetic screening along with elegant multi-omics and model system studies are shedding light on how hematopoietic TFs interact and network to achieve normal cell fates and their role in disease etiology. This review focuses on TFs which predispose to BMF and HM, identifies potential novel candidate predisposing TF genes, and examines putative biological mechanisms leading to these phenotypes. A better understanding of the genetics and molecular biology of hematopoietic TFs, as well as identifying novel genes and genetic variants predisposing to BMF and HM, will accelerate the development of preventative strategies, improve clinical management and counseling, and help define targeted treatments for these diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiarna R. Zerella
- Adelaide Medical School, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
- Centre for Cancer Biology, SA Pathology and University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Claire C. Homan
- Centre for Cancer Biology, SA Pathology and University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Pathology, SA Pathology, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Peer Arts
- Centre for Cancer Biology, SA Pathology and University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Pathology, SA Pathology, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Anna L. Brown
- Adelaide Medical School, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
- Centre for Cancer Biology, SA Pathology and University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Pathology, SA Pathology, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Hamish S. Scott
- Adelaide Medical School, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
- Centre for Cancer Biology, SA Pathology and University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Pathology, SA Pathology, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Christopher N. Hahn
- Adelaide Medical School, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
- Centre for Cancer Biology, SA Pathology and University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Pathology, SA Pathology, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Li T, Conroy KL, Kim AM, Halmai J, Gao K, Moreno E, Wang A, Passerini AG, Nolta JA, Zhou P. Role of MEF2C in the Endothelial Cells Derived from Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells. Stem Cells 2023; 41:341-353. [PMID: 36639926 PMCID: PMC10128960 DOI: 10.1093/stmcls/sxad005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Accepted: 01/08/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) not only provide an abundant source of vascular cells for potential therapeutic applications in vascular disease but also constitute an excellent model for understanding the mechanisms that regulate the differentiation and the functionality of vascular cells. Here, we reported that myocyte enhancer factor 2C (MEF2C) transcription factor, but not any other members of the MEF2 family, was robustly upregulated during the differentiation of vascular progenitors and endothelial cells (ECs) from hiPSCs. Vascular endothelial growth factors (VEGF) strongly induced MEF2C expression in endothelial lineage cells. The specific upregulation of MEF2C during the commitment of endothelial lineage was dependent on the extracellular signal regulated kinase (ERK). Moreover, knockdown of MEF2C with shRNA in hiPSCs did not affect the differentiation of ECs from these hiPSCs, but greatly reduced the migration and tube formation capacity of the hiPSC-derived ECs. Through a chromatin immunoprecipitation-sequencing, genome-wide RNA-sequencing, quantitative RT-PCR, and immunostaining analyses of the hiPSC-derived endothelial lineage cells with MEF2C inhibition or knockdown compared to control hiPSC-derived ECs, we identified TNF-related apoptosis inducing ligand (TRAIL) and transmembrane protein 100 (TMEM100) as novel targets of MEF2C. This study demonstrates an important role for MEF2C in regulating human EC functions and highlights MEF2C and its downstream effectors as potential targets to treat vascular malfunction-associated diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tao Li
- School of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, People’s Republic of China
- Stem Cell Program and Department of Internal Medicine, University of California Davis Medical Center, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | - Kelsey L Conroy
- Stem Cell Program and Department of Internal Medicine, University of California Davis Medical Center, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | - Amy M Kim
- Stem Cell Program and Department of Internal Medicine, University of California Davis Medical Center, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | - Julian Halmai
- Stem Cell Program and Department of Internal Medicine, University of California Davis Medical Center, Sacramento, CA, USA
- Department of Neurology, University of California Davis School of Medicine, Sacramento, CA, USA
- University of California Davis Gene Therapy Center, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | - Kewa Gao
- Department of Surgery, University of California Davis, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | - Emily Moreno
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Aijun Wang
- Department of Surgery, University of California Davis, Sacramento, CA, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Anthony G Passerini
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Jan A Nolta
- Stem Cell Program and Department of Internal Medicine, University of California Davis Medical Center, Sacramento, CA, USA
- University of California Davis Gene Therapy Center, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | - Ping Zhou
- Stem Cell Program and Department of Internal Medicine, University of California Davis Medical Center, Sacramento, CA, USA
- University of California Davis Gene Therapy Center, Sacramento, CA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Zhang S, Wang J, Pei Y, Han J, Xiong X, Yan Y, Zhang J, Liu Y, Su F, Xu J, Wu Q. Diagnostic Value of Chromosomal Microarray Analysis for Fetal Congenital Heart Defects with Different Cardiac Phenotypes and Extracardiac Abnormalities. Diagnostics (Basel) 2023; 13:diagnostics13081493. [PMID: 37189594 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics13081493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Revised: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: The objective of this study was to investigate the diagnostic value of chromosomal microarray analysis (CMA) for congenital heart defects (CHDs) with different cardiac phenotypes and extracardiac abnormalities (ECAs) and to explore the pathogenic genetic factors of CHDs. (2) Methods: We collected fetuses diagnosed with CHDs by echocardiography at our hospital from January 2012 to December 2021. We analyzed the CMA results of 427 fetuses with CHDs. We then categorized the CHD into different groups according to two dimensions: different cardiac phenotypes and whether it was combined with ECAs. The correlation between the numerical chromosomal abnormalities (NCAs) and copy number variations (CNVs) with CHDs was analyzed. Statistical analyses, including Chi-square tests and t-tests, were performed on the data using IBM SPSS and GraphPad Prism. (3) Results: In general, CHDs with ECAs increased the detection rate for CA, especially the conotruncal defects. CHD combined with the thoracic and abdominal walls and skeletal, thymic and multiple ECAs, were more likely to exhibit CA. Among the CHD phenotypes, VSD and AVSD were associated with NCA, while DORV may be associated with NCA. The cardiac phenotypes associated with pCNVs were IAA (type A and B), RAA, TAPVC, CoA and TOF. In addition, IAA, B, RAA, PS, CoA and TOF were also associated with 22q11.2DS. The length distribution of the CNV was not significantly different between each CHD phenotype. We detected twelve CNV syndromes, of which six syndromes may be related to CHDs. The pregnancy outcome in this study suggests that termination of pregnancy with fetal VSD and vascular abnormality is more dependent on genetic diagnosis, whereas the outcome in other phenotypes of CHDs may be associated with other additional factors. (4) Conclusions: CMA examination for CHDs is still necessary. We should identify the existence of fetal ECAs and specific cardiac phenotypes, which are helpful for genetic counseling and prenatal diagnosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Simin Zhang
- Department of Ultrasound, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100026, China
- Beijing Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Beijing 100026, China
| | - Jingjing Wang
- Department of Ultrasound, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100026, China
- Beijing Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Beijing 100026, China
| | - Yan Pei
- Beijing Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Beijing 100026, China
- Department of Obstetric, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100026, China
| | - Jijing Han
- Department of Ultrasound, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100026, China
- Beijing Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Beijing 100026, China
| | - Xiaowei Xiong
- Department of Ultrasound, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100026, China
- Beijing Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Beijing 100026, China
| | - Yani Yan
- Department of Obstetric, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100032, China
| | - Juan Zhang
- Department of Ultrasound, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100026, China
- Beijing Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Beijing 100026, China
| | - Yan Liu
- Beijing Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Beijing 100026, China
- Prenatal Diagnosis Center, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100026, China
| | - Fangfei Su
- Department of Ultrasound, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100032, China
| | - Jinyu Xu
- Department of Ultrasound, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100026, China
| | - Qingqing Wu
- Department of Ultrasound, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100026, China
- Beijing Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Beijing 100026, China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Chen W, Liu Y, Kang S, Lv X, Fu W, Zhang J, Song C. LINC00092 Modulates Oxidative Stress and Glycolysis of Breast Cancer Cells via Pyruvate Carboxylase-Mediated AKT/mTOR Pathway. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:5215748. [PMID: 35799892 PMCID: PMC9256459 DOI: 10.1155/2022/5215748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Revised: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Background The discovery of noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) offers new options for cancer-targeted therapy. This study is aimed at exploring the regulatory function of LINC00092 on breast cancer (BC) oxidative stress and glycolysis, along with internal mechanism concerning pyruvate carboxylase (PC). Methods Bioinformatics analysis was used to explore LINC00092 (or friend leukemia virus integration 1 (FLI1)) expression on BC progression, as well as oxidative stress and glycolysis in BC. After LINC00092 overexpression or silence, BC cell viability, proliferation, migration, invasion, oxidative stress, glycolysis, and AKT/mTOR pathway were detected. Following 2-DG, SC79, or MK2206 treatment, effects of LINC00092 on BC cells were measured. Moreover, regulatory activity of LINC00092 in PC expression was analyzed. Whether PC participated in the modulation of LINC00092 on BC cell functions was explored. Results LINC00092 was lowly expressed in BC and negatively related to BC progression. FLI1 bound to LINC00092 promoter to positively modulate LINC00092. LINC00092 overexpression inhibited BC cell proliferation, migration, invasion, oxidative stress, glycolysis, and AKT/mTOR pathway and likewise suppressed BC growth in vivo. Silence of LINC00092 had opposite influences. 2-DG partially reversed the LINC00092 silence-resulted increase of BC cell proliferation. SC79 alleviated the function of LINC00092 overexpression on BC cell functions. MK2206 had the contrary influence of SC79. Besides, LINC00092 bound to PC to modulate ubiquitination degradation of PC protein. PC took part in the influences of LINC00092 on BC cell functions. Conclusions LINC0092 modulates oxidative stress and glycolysis of BC cells via the PC-mediated AKT/mTOR pathway, which is possibly a target for BC diagnosis and therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Chen
- Department of Breast Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian Province 350001, China
- Department of General Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian Province 350001, China
| | - Yushan Liu
- Department of Breast Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian Province 350001, China
- Department of General Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian Province 350001, China
| | - Shaohong Kang
- Department of Breast Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian Province 350001, China
- Department of General Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian Province 350001, China
| | - Xinying Lv
- Department of Breast Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian Province 350001, China
- Department of General Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian Province 350001, China
| | - Wenfen Fu
- Department of Breast Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian Province 350001, China
- Department of General Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian Province 350001, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Department of Breast Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian Province 350001, China
- Department of General Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian Province 350001, China
- Breast Cancer Institute, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province 350001, China
| | - Chuangui Song
- Department of Breast Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian Province 350001, China
- Department of General Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian Province 350001, China
- Breast Cancer Institute, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province 350001, China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Lemma RB, Fleischer T, Martinsen E, Ledsaak M, Kristensen V, Eskeland R, Gabrielsen OS, Mathelier A. Pioneer transcription factors are associated with the modulation of DNA methylation patterns across cancers. Epigenetics Chromatin 2022; 15:13. [PMID: 35440061 PMCID: PMC9016969 DOI: 10.1186/s13072-022-00444-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Methylation of cytosines on DNA is a prominent modification associated with gene expression regulation. Aberrant DNA methylation patterns have recurrently been linked to dysregulation of the regulatory program in cancer cells. To shed light on the underlying molecular mechanism driving this process, we hypothesised that aberrant methylation patterns could be controlled by the binding of specific transcription factors (TFs) across cancer types. By combining DNA methylation arrays and gene expression data with TF binding sites (TFBSs), we explored the interplay between TF binding and DNA methylation in 19 cancer types. We performed emQTL (expression–methylation quantitative trait loci) analyses independently in each cancer type and identified 13 TFs whose expression levels are correlated with local DNA methylation patterns around their binding sites in at least 2 cancer types. The 13 TFs are mainly associated with local demethylation and are enriched for pioneer function, suggesting a specific role for these TFs in modulating chromatin structure and transcription in cancer patients. Furthermore, we confirmed that de novo methylation is precluded across cancers at CpGs lying in genomic regions enriched for TF binding signatures associated with SP1, CTCF, NRF1, GABPA, KLF9, and/or YY1. The modulation of DNA methylation associated with TF binding was observed at cis-regulatory regions controlling immune- and cancer-associated pathways, corroborating that the emQTL signals were derived from both cancer and tumor-infiltrating cells. As a case example, we experimentally confirmed that FOXA1 knock-down is associated with higher methylation in regions bound by FOXA1 in breast cancer MCF-7 cells. Finally, we reported physical interactions between FOXA1 with TET1 and TET2 both in an in vitro setup and in vivo at physiological levels in MCF-7 cells, adding further support for FOXA1 attracting TET1 and TET2 to induce local demethylation in cancer cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Roza Berhanu Lemma
- Centre for Molecular Medicine Norway (NCMM), Nordic EMBL Partnership, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Thomas Fleischer
- Department of Cancer Genetics, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Emily Martinsen
- Centre for Molecular Medicine Norway (NCMM), Nordic EMBL Partnership, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.,Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Department of Molecular Medicine, and Centre for Cancer Cell Reprogramming, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Marit Ledsaak
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Department of Molecular Medicine, and Centre for Cancer Cell Reprogramming, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Vessela Kristensen
- Department of Medical Genetics, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.,Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ragnhild Eskeland
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Department of Molecular Medicine, and Centre for Cancer Cell Reprogramming, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | | | - Anthony Mathelier
- Centre for Molecular Medicine Norway (NCMM), Nordic EMBL Partnership, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway. .,Department of Medical Genetics, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Ben-David Y, Gajendran B, Sample KM, Zacksenhaus E. Current insights into the role of Fli-1 in hematopoiesis and malignant transformation. Cell Mol Life Sci 2022; 79:163. [PMID: 35412146 PMCID: PMC11072361 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-022-04160-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Revised: 01/05/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Fli-1, a member of the ETS family of transcription factors, was discovered in 1991 through retroviral insertional mutagenesis as a driver of mouse erythroleukemias. In the past 30 years, nearly 2000 papers have defined its biology and impact on normal development and cancer. In the hematopoietic system, Fli-1 controls self-renewal of stem cells and their differentiation into diverse mature blood cells. Fli-1 also controls endothelial survival and vasculogenesis, and high and low levels of Fli-1 are implicated in the auto-immune diseases systemic lupus erythematosus and systemic sclerosis, respectively. In addition, aberrant Fli-1 expression is observed in, and is essential for, the growth of multiple hematological malignancies and solid cancers. Here, we review the historical context and latest research on Fli-1, focusing on its role in hematopoiesis, immune response, and malignant transformation. The importance of identifying Fli-1 modulators (both agonists and antagonists) and their potential clinical applications is discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yaacov Ben-David
- State Key Laboratory for Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Province Science City, High Tech Zone, Baiyun District, Guiyang, 550014, Guizhou Province, People's Republic of China.
- The Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province, Chinese Academic of Sciences, Guiyang, 550014, Guizhou Province, People's Republic of China.
| | - Babu Gajendran
- State Key Laboratory for Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Province Science City, High Tech Zone, Baiyun District, Guiyang, 550014, Guizhou Province, People's Republic of China
- The Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province, Chinese Academic of Sciences, Guiyang, 550014, Guizhou Province, People's Republic of China
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, Guizhou Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Klarke M Sample
- State Key Laboratory for Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Province Science City, High Tech Zone, Baiyun District, Guiyang, 550014, Guizhou Province, People's Republic of China
- The Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province, Chinese Academic of Sciences, Guiyang, 550014, Guizhou Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Eldad Zacksenhaus
- Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Toronto General Research Institute, Max Bell Research Centre, University Health Network, 101 College Street, Toronto, ON, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Li P, Wu Y, Hamlett ED, Goodwin AJ, Halushka PV, Carroll SL, Liu M, Fan H. Suppression of Fli-1 protects against pericyte loss and cognitive deficits in Alzheimer's disease. Mol Ther 2022; 30:1451-1464. [PMID: 35038582 PMCID: PMC9077320 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2022.01.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Revised: 12/11/2021] [Accepted: 01/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Brain pericytes regulate cerebral blood flow, maintain the integrity of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and facilitate the removal of amyloid β (Aβ) which is critical to healthy brain activity. Pericyte loss has been observed in brains from patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) and animal models. Our previous data demonstrated that friend leukemia virus integration 1 (Fli-1), an ETS transcription factor, governs pericyte viability in murine sepsis; however, the role of Fli-1 and its impact on pericyte loss in AD remains unknown. Here, we demonstrated that Fli-1 expression was up-regulated in postmortem brains from a cohort of human AD donors and in 5xFAD mice, which corresponded with a decreased pericyte number, elevated inflammatory mediators, and increased Aβ accumulation as compared to cognitively normal individuals and WT mice. Antisense oligonucleotide Fli-1 Gapmer administrated via intrahippocampal injection decelerated pericyte loss, decreased inflammatory response, ameliorated cognitive deficits, improved BBB dysfunction, and reduced Aβ deposition in 5xFAD mice. Fli-1 Gapmer-mediated inhibition of Fli-1 protected against Aβ accumulation-induced human brain pericyte apoptosis in vitro. Overall, these studies indicate that Fli-1 contributes to pericyte loss, inflammatory response, Aβ deposition, vascular dysfunction and cognitive decline, and suggest that inhibition of Fli-1 may represent novel therapeutic strategies for AD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pengfei Li
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, 29425
| | - Yan Wu
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, 29425
| | - Eric D Hamlett
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, 29425
| | - Andrew J Goodwin
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Allergy, and Sleep Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, 29425
| | - Perry V Halushka
- Department of Medicine and Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, 29425; Department of Pharmacology and, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, 29425
| | - Steven L Carroll
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, 29425
| | - Meng Liu
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, 29425
| | - Hongkuan Fan
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, 29425.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Lacey J, Webster SJ, Heath PR, Hill CJ, Nicholson-Goult L, Wagner BE, Khan AO, Morgan NV, Makris M, Daly ME. Sorting nexin 24 is required for α-granule biogenesis and cargo delivery in megakaryocytes. Haematologica 2022; 107:1902-1913. [PMID: 35021601 PMCID: PMC9335091 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2021.279636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Germline defects affecting the DNA-binding domain of the transcription factor FLI1 are associated with a bleeding disorder that is characterized by the presence of large, fused α-granules in platelets. We investigated whether the genes showing abnormal expression in FLI1-deficient platelets could be involved in platelet α-granule biogenesis by undertaking transcriptome analysis of control platelets and platelets harboring a DNA-binding variant of FLI1. Our analysis identified 2,276 transcripts that were differentially expressed in FLI1-deficient platelets. Functional annotation clustering of the coding transcripts revealed significant enrichment for gene annotations relating to protein transport, and identified Sorting nexin 24 (SNX24) as a candidate for further investigation. Using an induced pluripotent stem cell-derived megakaryocyte model, SNX24 expression was found to be increased during the early stages of megakaryocyte differentiation and downregulated during proplatelet formation, indicating tight regulatory control during megakaryopoiesis. CRISPR-Cas9 mediated knockout (KO) of SNX24 led to decreased expression of immature megakaryocyte markers, CD41 and CD61, and increased expression of the mature megakaryocyte marker CD42b (P=0.0001), without affecting megakaryocyte polyploidisation, or proplatelet formation. Electron microscopic analysis revealed an increase in empty membrane-bound organelles in SNX24 KO megakaryocytes, a reduction in α-granules and an absence of immature and mature multivesicular bodies, consistent with a defect in the intermediate stage of α-granule maturation. Co-localization studies showed that SNX24 associates with each compartment of α-granule maturation. Reduced expression of CD62P and VWF was observed in SNX24 KO megakaryocytes. We conclude that SNX24 is required for α-granule biogenesis and intracellular trafficking of α-granule cargo within megakaryocytes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joanne Lacey
- Department of Infection, Immunity and Cardiovascular Disease, University of Sheffield, Sheffield
| | - Simon J. Webster
- Department of Infection, Immunity and Cardiovascular Disease, University of Sheffield, Sheffield
| | - Paul R. Heath
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN), Department of Neuroscience, University of Sheffield, Sheffield
| | - Chris J. Hill
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, University of Sheffield, Sheffield
| | | | - Bart E. Wagner
- Histopathology Department, Royal Hallamshire Hospital, Sheffield
| | - Abdullah O. Khan
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Neil V. Morgan
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Michael Makris
- Department of Infection, Immunity and Cardiovascular Disease, University of Sheffield, Sheffield
| | - Martina E. Daly
- Department of Infection, Immunity and Cardiovascular Disease, University of Sheffield, Sheffield,Martina E. Daly
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Wu M, Chen Q, Li J, Xu Y, Lian J, Liu Y, Meng P, Zhang Y. Gfi1aa/Lsd1 Facilitates Hemangioblast Differentiation Into Primitive Erythrocytes by Targeting etv2 and sox7 in Zebrafish. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 9:786426. [PMID: 35096818 PMCID: PMC8790037 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.786426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The first wave of hematopoiesis is the primitive hematopoiesis, which produces embryonic erythroid and myeloid cells. Primitive erythrocytes are thought to be generated from bipotent hemangioblasts, but the molecular basis remains unclear. Transcriptional repressors Gfi1aa and Gfi1b have been shown to cooperatively promote primitive erythrocytes differentiation from hemangioblasts in zebrafish. However, the mechanism of these repressors during the primitive wave is largely unknown. Herein, by functional analysis of zebrafish gfi1aa smu10 , gfi1b smu11 , gfi1ab smu12 single, double, and triple mutants, we found that Gfi1aa not only plays a predominant role in primitive erythropoiesis but also synergizes with Gfi1ab. To screen Gfi1aa downstream targets, we performed RNA-seq and ChIP-seq analysis and found two endothelial transcription factors, etv2 and sox7, to be repressed by Gfi1aa. Genetic analysis demonstrated Gfi1aa to promote hemangioblast differentiation into primitive erythrocytes by inhibiting both etv2 and sox7 in an Lsd1-dependent manner. Moreover, the H3K4me1 level of etv2 and sox7 were increased in gfi1aa mutant. Taken together, these results suggest that Gfi1aa/Lsd1-dependent etv2/sox7 downregulation is critical for hemangioblast differentiation during primitive hematopoiesis by inhibition of endothelial specification. The different and redundant roles for Gfi1(s), as well as their genetic and epigenetic regulation during primitive hematopoiesis, help us to better know the molecular basis of the primitive hematopoiesis and sheds light on the understanding the Gfi1(s) related pathogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mei Wu
- Division of Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China,Department of Developmental Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qi Chen
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Neuronal Structural Biology, Biomedical Research Institute, Shenzhen Peking University-The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Medical Center, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jing Li
- Division of Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yue Xu
- Division of Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Junwei Lian
- Division of Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yongxiang Liu
- Department of Developmental Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ping Meng
- Department of Developmental Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yiyue Zhang
- Division of Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China,*Correspondence: Yiyue Zhang,
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Boeckelmann D, Glonnegger H, Sandrock-Lang K, Zieger B. Pathogenic Aspects of Inherited Platelet Disorders. Hamostaseologie 2021; 41:460-468. [PMID: 34942659 DOI: 10.1055/a-1665-6249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Inherited platelet disorders (IPDs) constitute a large heterogeneous group of rare bleeding disorders. These are classified into: (1) quantitative defects, (2) qualitative disorders, or (3) altered platelet production rate disorders or increased platelet turnover. Classically, IPD diagnostic is based on clinical phenotype characterization, comprehensive laboratory analyses (platelet function analysis), and, in former times, candidate gene sequencing. Today, molecular genetic analysis is performed using next-generation sequencing, mostly by targeting enrichment of a gene panel or by whole-exome sequencing. Still, the biochemical and molecular genetic characterization of patients with congenital thrombocytopathias/thrombocytopenia is essential, since postoperative or posttraumatic bleeding often occurs due to undiagnosed platelet defects. Depending upon the kind of surgery or trauma, this bleeding may be life-threatening, e.g., after tonsillectomy or in brain surgery. Undiagnosed platelet defects may lead to additional surgery, hysterectomy, pulmonary bleeding, and even resuscitation. In addition, these increased bleeding symptoms can lead to wound healing problems. Only specialized laboratories can perform the special platelet function analyses (aggregometry, flow cytometry, or immunofluorescent microscopy of the platelets); therefore, many IPDs are still undetected.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Doris Boeckelmann
- Division of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Hannah Glonnegger
- Division of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Kirstin Sandrock-Lang
- Division of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Barbara Zieger
- Division of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Wang M, Wang J, Zhang X, Yuan R. The complex landscape of haematopoietic lineage commitments is encoded in the coarse-grained endogenous network. ROYAL SOCIETY OPEN SCIENCE 2021; 8:211289. [PMID: 34737882 PMCID: PMC8564612 DOI: 10.1098/rsos.211289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Haematopoietic lineage commitments are presented by a canonical roadmap in which haematopoietic stem cells or multipotent progenitors (MPPs) bifurcate into progenitors of more restricted lineages and ultimately mature to terminally differentiated cells. Although transcription factors playing significant roles in cell-fate commitments have been extensively studied, integrating such knowledge into the dynamic models to understand the underlying biological mechanism remains challenging. The hypothesis and modelling approach of the endogenous network has been developed previously and tested in various biological processes and is used in the present study of haematopoietic lineage commitments. The endogenous network is constructed based on the key transcription factors and their interactions that determine haematopoietic cell-fate decisions at each lineage branchpoint. We demonstrate that the process of haematopoietic lineage commitments can be reproduced from the landscape which orchestrates robust states of network dynamics and their transitions. Furthermore, some non-trivial characteristics are unveiled in the dynamical model. Our model also predicted previously under-represented regulatory interactions and heterogeneous MPP states by which distinct differentiation routes are intermediated. Moreover, network perturbations resulting in state transitions indicate the effects of ectopic gene expression on cellular reprogrammes. This study provides a predictive model to integrate experimental data and uncover the possible regulatory mechanism of haematopoietic lineage commitments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mengyao Wang
- School of Life Science, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, People's Republic of China
- Shanghai Center for Quantitative Life Sciences and Physics Department, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, People's Republic of China
| | - Junqiang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Systems Biomedicine, Shanghai Center for Systems Biomedicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, People's Republic of China
| | - Xingxing Zhang
- Shanghai Center for Quantitative Life Sciences and Physics Department, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, People's Republic of China
| | - Ruoshi Yuan
- California Institute for Quantitative Biosciences (QB3), University of California, Berkeley, CA 94706, USA
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Ferdous A, Singh S, Luo Y, Abedin MJ, Jiang N, Perry CE, Evers BM, Gillette TG, Kyba M, Trojanowska M, Hill JA. Fli1 Promotes Vascular Morphogenesis by Regulating Endothelial Potential of Multipotent Myogenic Progenitors. Circ Res 2021; 129:949-964. [PMID: 34544261 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.121.318986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
[Figure: see text].
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anwarul Ferdous
- Departments of Internal Medicine (Cardiology) (A.F., S.S., Y.L., M.J.A., N.J., C.E.P., T.G.G., J.A.H.), University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas
| | - Sarvjeet Singh
- Departments of Internal Medicine (Cardiology) (A.F., S.S., Y.L., M.J.A., N.J., C.E.P., T.G.G., J.A.H.), University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas
| | - Yuxuan Luo
- Departments of Internal Medicine (Cardiology) (A.F., S.S., Y.L., M.J.A., N.J., C.E.P., T.G.G., J.A.H.), University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas
| | - Md J Abedin
- Departments of Internal Medicine (Cardiology) (A.F., S.S., Y.L., M.J.A., N.J., C.E.P., T.G.G., J.A.H.), University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas
| | - Nan Jiang
- Departments of Internal Medicine (Cardiology) (A.F., S.S., Y.L., M.J.A., N.J., C.E.P., T.G.G., J.A.H.), University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas
| | - Cameron E Perry
- Departments of Internal Medicine (Cardiology) (A.F., S.S., Y.L., M.J.A., N.J., C.E.P., T.G.G., J.A.H.), University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas
| | - Bret M Evers
- Pathology (B.M.E.), University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas
| | - Thomas G Gillette
- Departments of Internal Medicine (Cardiology) (A.F., S.S., Y.L., M.J.A., N.J., C.E.P., T.G.G., J.A.H.), University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas
| | - Michael Kyba
- Department of Pediatrics (M.K.), University of Minnesota, Minneapolis.,Lillehei Heart Institute (M.K.), University of Minnesota, Minneapolis
| | - Maria Trojanowska
- Section of Rheumatology, School of Medicine, Boston University, MA (M.T.)
| | - Joseph A Hill
- Departments of Internal Medicine (Cardiology) (A.F., S.S., Y.L., M.J.A., N.J., C.E.P., T.G.G., J.A.H.), University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas.,Molecular Biology (J.A.H.), University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Konopka T, Vestito L, Smedley D. Dimensional reduction of phenotypes from 53 000 mouse models reveals a diverse landscape of gene function. BIOINFORMATICS ADVANCES 2021; 1:vbab026. [PMID: 34870209 PMCID: PMC8633315 DOI: 10.1093/bioadv/vbab026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2021] [Revised: 09/09/2021] [Accepted: 10/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Animal models have long been used to study gene function and the impact of genetic mutations on phenotype. Through the research efforts of thousands of research groups, systematic curation of published literature and high-throughput phenotyping screens, the collective body of knowledge for the mouse now covers the majority of protein-coding genes. We here collected data for over 53 000 mouse models with mutations in over 15 000 genomic markers and characterized by more than 254 000 annotations using more than 9000 distinct ontology terms. We investigated dimensional reduction and embedding techniques as means to facilitate access to this diverse and high-dimensional information. Our analyses provide the first visual maps of the landscape of mouse phenotypic diversity. We also summarize some of the difficulties in producing and interpreting embeddings of sparse phenotypic data. In particular, we show that data preprocessing, filtering and encoding have as much impact on the final embeddings as the process of dimensional reduction. Nonetheless, techniques developed in the context of dimensional reduction create opportunities for explorative analysis of this large pool of public data, including for searching for mouse models suited to study human diseases. AVAILABILITY AND IMPLEMENTATION Source code for analysis scripts is available on GitHub at https://github.com/tkonopka/mouse-embeddings. The data underlying this article are available in Zenodo at https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4916171. CONTACT t.konopka@qmul.ac.uk. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics Advances online.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tomasz Konopka
- William Harvey Research Institute, Queen Mary University of London, EC1M 6BQ London, UK,To whom correspondence should be addressed.
| | - Letizia Vestito
- William Harvey Research Institute, Queen Mary University of London, EC1M 6BQ London, UK,Ear Institute, University College London, WC1X 8EE London, UK,Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, WC1N 1EH London, UK
| | - Damian Smedley
- William Harvey Research Institute, Queen Mary University of London, EC1M 6BQ London, UK
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Collins J, Astle WJ, Megy K, Mumford AD, Vuckovic D. Advances in understanding the pathogenesis of hereditary macrothrombocytopenia. Br J Haematol 2021; 195:25-45. [PMID: 33783834 DOI: 10.1111/bjh.17409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2020] [Accepted: 02/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Low platelet count, or thrombocytopenia, is a common haematological abnormality, with a wide differential diagnosis, which may represent a clinically significant underlying pathology. Macrothrombocytopenia, the presence of large platelets in combination with thrombocytopenia, can be acquired or hereditary and indicative of a complex disorder. In this review, we discuss the interpretation of platelet count and volume measured by automated haematology analysers and highlight some important technical considerations relevant to the analysis of blood samples with macrothrombocytopenia. We review how large cohorts, such as the UK Biobank and INTERVAL studies, have enabled an accurate description of the distribution and co-variation of platelet parameters in adult populations. We discuss how genome-wide association studies have identified hundreds of genetic associations with platelet count and mean platelet volume, which in aggregate can explain large fractions of phenotypic variance, consistent with a complex genetic architecture and polygenic inheritance. Finally, we describe the large genetic diagnostic and discovery programmes, which, simultaneously to genome-wide association studies, have expanded the repertoire of genes and variants associated with extreme platelet phenotypes. These have advanced our understanding of the pathogenesis of hereditary macrothrombocytopenia and support a future clinical diagnostic strategy that utilises genotype alongside clinical and laboratory phenotype data.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Janine Collins
- Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, UK
- National Health Service Blood and Transplant, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, UK
- Department of Haematology, Barts Health NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - William J Astle
- National Health Service Blood and Transplant, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, UK
- MRC Biostatistics Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Institute of Public Health, Forvie Site, Robinson Way, Cambridge, UK
| | - Karyn Megy
- Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, UK
- National Health Service Blood and Transplant, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, UK
- NIHR BioResource, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, UK
| | - Andrew D Mumford
- School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Dragana Vuckovic
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Human Genetics, Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, UK
- National Institute for Health Research Blood and Transplant Research Unit (NIHR BTRU) in Donor Health and Genomics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Immune Deficiency in Jacobsen Syndrome: Molecular and Phenotypic Characterization. Genes (Basel) 2021; 12:genes12081197. [PMID: 34440371 PMCID: PMC8394748 DOI: 10.3390/genes12081197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2021] [Revised: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 07/30/2021] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Jacobsen syndrome or JBS (OMIM #147791) is a contiguous gene syndrome caused by a deletion affecting the terminal q region of chromosome 11. The phenotype of patients with JBS is a specific syndromic phenotype predominately associated with hematological alterations. Complete and partial JBS are differentiated depending on which functional and causal genes are haploinsufficient in the patient. We describe the case of a 6-year-old Bulgarian boy in which it was possible to identify all of the major signs and symptoms listed by the Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (OMIM) catalog using the Human Phenotype Ontology (HPO). Extensive blood and marrow tests revealed the existence of thrombocytopenia and leucopenia, specifically due to low levels of T and B cells and low levels of IgM. Genetic analysis using whole-genome single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs)/copy number variations (CNVs) microarray hybridization confirmed that the patient had the deletion arr[hg19]11q24.3q25(128,137,532–134,938,470)x1 in heterozygosis. This alteration was considered causal of partial JBS because the essential BSX and NRGN genes were not included, though 30 of the 96 HPO identifiers associated with this OMIM were identified in the patient. The deletion of the FLI-1, ETS1, JAM3 and THYN1 genes was considered to be directly associated with the immunodeficiency exhibited by the patient. Although immunodeficiency is widely accepted as a major sign of JBS, only constipation, bone marrow hypocellularity and recurrent respiratory infections have been included in the HPO as terms used to refer to the immunological defects in JBS. Exhaustive functional analysis and individual monitoring are required and should be mandatory for these patients.
Collapse
|
20
|
Han F, Pang S, Sun Z, Cui Y, Yan B. Genetic Variants and Functional Analyses of the ATG16L1 Gene Promoter in Acute Myocardial Infarction. Front Genet 2021; 12:591954. [PMID: 34220924 PMCID: PMC8248370 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.591954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2020] [Accepted: 04/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Acute myocardial infarction (AMI), a common complex disease caused by an interaction between genetic and environmental factors, is a serious type of coronary artery disease and is also a leading cause of death worldwide. Autophagy-related 16-like 1 (ATG16L1) is a key regulatory factor of autophagy and plays an important role in induced autophagy. In the cardiovascular system, autophagy is essential to preserve the homeostasis and function of the heart and blood vessels. No studies have hitherto examined the association between AMI and ATG16L1 gene promoter. Methods We conducted a case-control study, using polymerase chain reaction and sequencing techniques, dual luciferase reporter assay, and electrophoretic mobility shift assay, to analyze genetic and functional variation in the ATG16L1 gene promoter between AMI and controls. A variety of statistical analyses were used to analyze the allele and genotype frequencies and the relationship between single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and AMI. Results In all, 10 SNPs and two DNA-sequence variants (DSVs) were identified in 688 subjects, and three ATG16L1 gene promoter mutations [g.233250693 T > C (rs185213911), g.233250946 G > A (rs568956599), g.233251133 C > G (rs1301744254)] that were identified in AMI patients significantly altered the transcriptional activity of ATG16L1 gene promoter in HEH2, HEK-293, and H9c2 cells (P < 0.05). Further electrophoretic mobility shift assays indicated that the SNPs affected the binding of transcription factors (P < 0.01). Conclusion ATG16L1 gene promoter mutations in AMI patients may affect the binding of transcription factors and change the transcriptional activity of the ATG16L1 gene, changing the level of autophagy and contributing to the occurrence and development of AMI as rare and low-frequency risk factors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Falan Han
- Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Shuchao Pang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cardiac Disease Diagnosis and Treatment, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
| | - Zhaoqing Sun
- Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Yinghua Cui
- Division of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
| | - Bo Yan
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cardiac Disease Diagnosis and Treatment, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining Medical University, Jining, China.,The Center for Molecular Genetics of Cardiovascular Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining Medical University, Jining, China.,Shandong Provincial Sino-US Cooperation Research Center for Translational Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Wang C, Sample KM, Gajendran B, Kapranov P, Liu W, Hu A, Zacksenhaus E, Li Y, Hao X, Ben-David Y. FLI1 Induces Megakaryopoiesis Gene Expression Through WAS/WIP-Dependent and Independent Mechanisms; Implications for Wiskott-Aldrich Syndrome. Front Immunol 2021; 12:607836. [PMID: 33717090 PMCID: PMC7953068 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.607836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2020] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Wiskott–Aldrich Syndrome, WAS/WAVE, is a rare, X-linked immune-deficiency disease caused by mutations in the WAS gene, which together with its homolog, N-WASP, regulates actin cytoskeleton remodeling and cell motility. WAS patients suffer from microthrombocytopenia, characterized by a diminished number and size of platelets, though the underlying mechanism is not fully understood. Here, we identified FLI1 as a direct transcriptional regulator of WAS and its binding partner WIP. Depletion of either WAS or WIP in human erythroleukemic cells accelerated cell proliferation, suggesting tumor suppressor function of both genes in leukemia. Depletion of WAS/WIP also led to a significant reduction in the percentage of CD41 and CD61 positive cells, which mark committed megakaryocytes. RNAseq analysis revealed common changes in megakaryocytic gene expression following FLI1 or WASP knockdown. However, in contrast to FLI1, WASP depletion did not alter expression of late-stage platelet-inducing genes. N-WASP was not regulated by FLI1, yet its silencing also reduced the percentage of CD41+ and CD61+ megakaryocytes. Moreover, combined knockdown of WASP and N-WASP further suppressed megakaryocyte differentiation, indicating a major cooperation of these related genes in controlling megakaryocytic cell fate. However, unlike WASP/WIP, N-WASP loss suppressed leukemic cell proliferation. WASP, WIP and N-WASP depletion led to induction of FLI1 expression, mediated by GATA1, and this may mitigate the severity of platelet deficiency in WAS patients. Together, these results uncover a crucial role for FLI1 in megakaryocyte differentiation, implicating this transcription factor in regulating microthrombocytopenia associated with Wiskott–Aldrich syndrome.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chunlin Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China.,The Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province and Chinese Academic of Sciences, Guiyang, China
| | - Klarke M Sample
- The National Health Commission's Key Laboratory of Immunological Pulmonary Disease, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
| | - Babu Gajendran
- State Key Laboratory for Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China.,The Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province and Chinese Academic of Sciences, Guiyang, China
| | - Philipp Kapranov
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Genomics, Huaqiao University, Xiamen, China
| | - Wuling Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China.,The Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province and Chinese Academic of Sciences, Guiyang, China
| | - Anling Hu
- State Key Laboratory for Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China.,The Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province and Chinese Academic of Sciences, Guiyang, China
| | - Eldad Zacksenhaus
- Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Division of Advanced Diagnostics, Toronto General Research Institute-University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Yanmei Li
- State Key Laboratory for Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China.,The Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province and Chinese Academic of Sciences, Guiyang, China
| | - Xiaojiang Hao
- State Key Laboratory for Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China.,The Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province and Chinese Academic of Sciences, Guiyang, China
| | - Yaacov Ben-David
- State Key Laboratory for Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China.,The Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province and Chinese Academic of Sciences, Guiyang, China
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
The genome-wide impact of trisomy 21 on DNA methylation and its implications for hematopoiesis. Nat Commun 2021; 12:821. [PMID: 33547282 PMCID: PMC7865055 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-21064-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2020] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Down syndrome is associated with genome-wide perturbation of gene expression, which may be mediated by epigenetic changes. We perform an epigenome-wide association study on neonatal bloodspots comparing 196 newborns with Down syndrome and 439 newborns without Down syndrome, adjusting for cell-type heterogeneity, which identifies 652 epigenome-wide significant CpGs (P < 7.67 × 10−8) and 1,052 differentially methylated regions. Differential methylation at promoter/enhancer regions correlates with gene expression changes in Down syndrome versus non-Down syndrome fetal liver hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells (P < 0.0001). The top two differentially methylated regions overlap RUNX1 and FLI1, both important regulators of megakaryopoiesis and hematopoietic development, with significant hypermethylation at promoter regions of these two genes. Excluding Down syndrome newborns harboring preleukemic GATA1 mutations (N = 30), identified by targeted sequencing, has minimal impact on the epigenome-wide association study results. Down syndrome has profound, genome-wide effects on DNA methylation in hematopoietic cells in early life, which may contribute to the high frequency of hematological problems, including leukemia, in children with Down syndrome. Down syndrome has a high co-morbidity with immune and hematopoietic disorders. Here, the authors perform an epigenome-wide association study in newborns with and without Down syndrome to find differential methylation across the genome, including in hematopoietic regulators RUNX1 and FLI1.
Collapse
|
23
|
Kwon N, Thompson EN, Mayday MY, Scanlon V, Lu YC, Krause DS. Current understanding of human megakaryocytic-erythroid progenitors and their fate determinants. Curr Opin Hematol 2021; 28:28-35. [PMID: 33186151 PMCID: PMC7737300 DOI: 10.1097/moh.0000000000000625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW This review focuses on our current understanding of fate decisions in bipotent megakaryocyte-erythroid progenitors (MEPs). Although extensive research has been carried out over decades, our understanding of how MEP commit to the erythroid versus megakaryocyte fate remains unclear. RECENT FINDINGS We discuss the isolation of primary human MEP, and focus on gene expression patterns, epigenetics, transcription factors and extrinsic factors that have been implicated in MEP fate determination. We conclude with an overview of the open debates in the field of MEP biology. SUMMARY Understanding MEP fate is important because defects in megakaryocyte and erythrocyte development lead to disease states such as anaemia, thrombocytopenia and leukaemia. MEP also represent a model system for studying fundamental principles underlying cell fate decisions of bipotent and pluripotent progenitors, such that discoveries in MEP are broadly applicable to stem/progenitor cell biology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nayoung Kwon
- Department of Cell Biology, Yale School of Medicine, 333 Cedar Street, New Haven, CT
- Yale Stem Cell Center, Yale School of Medicine, 333 Cedar Street, New Haven, CT
| | - Evrett N. Thompson
- Department of Cell Biology, Yale School of Medicine, 333 Cedar Street, New Haven, CT
- Yale Stem Cell Center, Yale School of Medicine, 333 Cedar Street, New Haven, CT
| | - Madeline Y. Mayday
- Yale Stem Cell Center, Yale School of Medicine, 333 Cedar Street, New Haven, CT
- Department of Pathology, Yale School of Medicine, 333 Cedar Street, New Haven, CT
| | - Vanessa Scanlon
- Yale Stem Cell Center, Yale School of Medicine, 333 Cedar Street, New Haven, CT
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, 333 Cedar Street, New Haven, CT
| | - Yi-Chien Lu
- Yale Stem Cell Center, Yale School of Medicine, 333 Cedar Street, New Haven, CT
- Department of Pathology, Yale School of Medicine, 333 Cedar Street, New Haven, CT
| | - Diane S. Krause
- Department of Cell Biology, Yale School of Medicine, 333 Cedar Street, New Haven, CT
- Yale Stem Cell Center, Yale School of Medicine, 333 Cedar Street, New Haven, CT
- Department of Pathology, Yale School of Medicine, 333 Cedar Street, New Haven, CT
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, 333 Cedar Street, New Haven, CT
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Yang J, Luan J, Shen Y, Chen B. Developments in the production of platelets from stem cells (Review). Mol Med Rep 2020; 23:7. [PMID: 33179095 PMCID: PMC7673345 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2020.11645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Platelets are small pieces of cytoplasm that have become detached from the cytoplasm of mature megakaryocytes (MKs) in the bone marrow. Platelets modulate vascular system integrity and serve important role, particularly in hemostasis. With the rapid development of clinical medicine, the demand for platelet transfusion as a life‑saving intervention increases continuously. Stem cell technology appears to be highly promising for transfusion medicine, and the generation of platelets from stem cells would be of great value in the clinical setting. Furthermore, several studies have been undertaken to investigate the potential of producing platelets from stem cells. Initial success has been achieved in terms of the yields and function of platelets generated from stem cells. However, the requirements of clinical practice remain unmet. The aim of the present review was to focus on several sources of stem cells and factors that induce MK differentiation. Updated information on current research into the genetic regulation of megakaryocytopoiesis and platelet generation was summarized. Additionally, advanced strategies of platelet generation were reviewed and the progress made in this field was discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jie Yang
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, School of Medicine, Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, P.R. China
| | - Jianfeng Luan
- Jinling Hospital Department of Blood Transfusion, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210002, P.R. China
| | - Yanfei Shen
- Medical School, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, P.R. China
| | - Baoan Chen
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, School of Medicine, Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Karampini E, Bierings R, Voorberg J. Orchestration of Primary Hemostasis by Platelet and Endothelial Lysosome-Related Organelles. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2020; 40:1441-1453. [PMID: 32375545 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.120.314245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Megakaryocyte-derived platelets and endothelial cells store their hemostatic cargo in α- and δ-granules and Weibel-Palade bodies, respectively. These storage granules belong to the lysosome-related organelles (LROs), a heterogeneous group of organelles that are rapidly released following agonist-induced triggering of intracellular signaling pathways. Following vascular injury, endothelial Weibel-Palade bodies release their content into the vascular lumen and promote the formation of long VWF (von Willebrand factor) strings that form an adhesive platform for platelets. Binding to VWF strings as well as exposed subendothelial collagen activates platelets resulting in the release of α- and δ-granules, which are crucial events in formation of a primary hemostatic plug. Biogenesis and secretion of these LROs are pivotal for the maintenance of proper hemostasis. Several bleeding disorders have been linked to abnormal generation of LROs in megakaryocytes and endothelial cells. Recent reviews have emphasized common pathways in the biogenesis and biological properties of LROs, focusing mainly on melanosomes. Despite many similarities, LROs in platelet and endothelial cells clearly possess distinct properties that allow them to provide a highly coordinated and synergistic contribution to primary hemostasis by sequentially releasing hemostatic cargo. In this brief review, we discuss in depth the known regulators of α- and δ-granules in megakaryocytes/platelets and Weibel-Palade bodies in endothelial cells, starting from transcription factors that have been associated with granule formation to protein complexes that promote granule maturation. In addition, we provide a detailed view on the interplay between platelet and endothelial LROs in controlling hemostasis as well as their dysfunction in LRO related bleeding disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ellie Karampini
- From the Department of Molecular and Cellular Hemostasis, Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory (E.K., R.B., J.V.), Amsterdam University Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Ruben Bierings
- From the Department of Molecular and Cellular Hemostasis, Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory (E.K., R.B., J.V.), Amsterdam University Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, the Netherlands.,Hematology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands (R.B.)
| | - Jan Voorberg
- From the Department of Molecular and Cellular Hemostasis, Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory (E.K., R.B., J.V.), Amsterdam University Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, the Netherlands.,Experimental Vascular Medicine (J.V.), Amsterdam University Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Lin KH, Chiang JC, Ho YH, Yao CL, Lee H. Lysophosphatidic Acid and Hematopoiesis: From Microenvironmental Effects to Intracellular Signaling. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21062015. [PMID: 32188052 PMCID: PMC7139687 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21062015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2020] [Revised: 03/13/2020] [Accepted: 03/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Vertebrate hematopoiesis is a complex physiological process that is tightly regulated by intracellular signaling and extracellular microenvironment. In recent decades, breakthroughs in lineage-tracing technologies and lipidomics have revealed the existence of numerous lipid molecules in hematopoietic microenvironment. Lysophosphatidic acid (LPA), a bioactive phospholipid molecule, is one of the identified lipids that participates in hematopoiesis. LPA exhibits various physiological functions through activation of G-protein-coupled receptors. The functions of these LPARs have been widely studied in stem cells, while the roles of LPARs in hematopoietic stem cells have rarely been examined. Nonetheless, mounting evidence supports the importance of the LPA-LPAR axis in hematopoiesis. In this article, we have reviewed regulation of hematopoiesis in general and focused on the microenvironmental and intracellular effects of the LPA in hematopoiesis. Discoveries in these areas may be beneficial to our understanding of blood-related disorders, especially in the context of prevention and therapy for anemia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kuan-Hung Lin
- Department of Life Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan; (K.-H.L.); (J.-C.C.)
| | - Jui-Chung Chiang
- Department of Life Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan; (K.-H.L.); (J.-C.C.)
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Ya-Hsuan Ho
- Wellcome Trust-Medical Research Council Cambridge Stem Cell Institute and Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0AW, UK;
| | - Chao-Ling Yao
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Yuan Ze University, Taoyuan 32003, Taiwan;
| | - Hsinyu Lee
- Department of Life Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan; (K.-H.L.); (J.-C.C.)
- Department of Electrical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
- Angiogenesis Research Center, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
- Research Center for Developmental Biology and Regenerative Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
- Center for Biotechnology, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +8862-3366-2499; Fax: +8862-2363-6837
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Lalani SR. Other genomic disorders and congenital heart disease. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL GENETICS PART C-SEMINARS IN MEDICAL GENETICS 2020; 184:107-115. [DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.c.31762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2019] [Accepted: 12/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Seema R. Lalani
- Department of Molecular and Human GeneticsBaylor College of Medicine Houston Texas
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Abstract
Mammal megakaryocytes (MK) undergo polyploidization during their differentiation. This process leads to a marked increase in the MK size and of their cytoplasm. Contrary to division by classical mitosis, ploidization allows an economical manner to produce platelets as they arise from the fragmentation of the MK cytoplasm. The platelet production in vivo correlates to the entire MK cytoplasm mass that depends both upon the number of MKs and their size. Polyploidization occurs by several rounds of DNA replication with at the end of each round an aborted mitosis at late phase of cytokinesis. As there is also a defect in karyokinesis, MKs are giant cells with a single polylobulated nucleus with a 2xN ploidy. However, polyploidization per se does not increase platelet production because it requires a parallel development of MK organelles such as mitochondria, granules and the demarcation membrane system. MK polyploidization is regulated by extrinsic factors, more particularly by thrombopoietin (TPO), which during a platelet stress increases first polyploidization before enhancing the MK number and by transcription factors such as RUNX1, GATA1, and FLI1 that regulate MK differentiation explaining why polyploidization and cytoplasmic maturation are intermingled. MK polyploidization is ontogenically regulated and is markedly altered in malignant myeloid disorders such as acute megakaryoblastic leukemia and myeloproliferative disorders as well as in hereditary thrombocytopenia, more particularly those involving transcription factors or signaling pathways. In addition, MKs arising from progenitors in vitro have a much lower ploidy in vitro than in vivo leading to a low yield of platelet production in vitro. Thus, it is tempting to find approaches to increase MK polyploidization in vitro. However, these approaches require molecules that are able to simultaneously increase MK polyploidization and to induce terminal differentiation. Here, we will focus on the regulation by extrinsic and intrinsic factors of MK polyploidization during development and pathological conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- William Vainchenker
- UMR 1170, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Univ. Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Equipe Labellisée Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer , Villejuif, France
| | - Hana Raslova
- UMR 1170, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Univ. Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Equipe Labellisée Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer , Villejuif, France
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Falconi G, Fabiani E, Criscuolo M, Fianchi L, Finelli C, Cerqui E, Pelosi E, Screnci M, Gurnari C, Zangrilli I, Postorino M, Laurenti L, Piciocchi A, Testa U, Lo-Coco F, Voso MT. Transcription factors implicated in late megakaryopoiesis as markers of outcome after azacitidine and allogeneic stem cell transplantation in myelodysplastic syndrome. Leuk Res 2019; 84:106191. [DOI: 10.1016/j.leukres.2019.106191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2019] [Revised: 06/25/2019] [Accepted: 07/14/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
|
30
|
Krystel-Whittemore M, Taylor MS, Rivera M, Lennerz JK, Le LP, Dias-Santagata D, Iafrate AJ, Deshpande V, Chebib I, Nielsen GP, Wu CL, Nardi V. Novel and established EWSR1 gene fusions and associations identified by next-generation sequencing and fluorescence in-situ hybridization. Hum Pathol 2019; 93:65-73. [PMID: 31430493 DOI: 10.1016/j.humpath.2019.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2019] [Revised: 08/06/2019] [Accepted: 08/07/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
EWSR1 is a 'promiscuous' gene that can fuse with many different partner genes in phenotypically identical tumors or partner with the same genes in morphologically and behaviorally different neoplasms. Our study set out to examine the EWSR1 fusions identified at our institution over a 3-year period, using various methods, their association with specific entities and possible detection of novel partners and associations. Sixty-three consecutive cases investigated for EWSR1 gene fusions between 2015 and 2018 at our institution were included in this study. Fusions were identified by either break-apart fluorescence in-situ hybridization (FISH), our clinical RNA-based assay for fusion transcript detection or both. Twenty-eight cases were concurrently tested by FISH and NGS, 24 were tested by FISH alone and 11 by NGS alone. Of the 28 cases with dual testing, 24 were positive by both assays for an EWSR1 gene fusion, 3 cases were discordant with a positive FISH assay and a negative NGS assay, and 1 case was discordant with a negative FISH assay but a positive NGS assay. Three novel fusions were identified: a complex rearrangement involving three genes (EWSR1/RBFOX2/ERG) in Ewing sarcoma, a EWSR1/TCF7L2 fusion in a colon adenocarcinoma, and a EWSR1/TFEB fusion in a translocation-associated renal cell carcinoma. Both colonic adenocarcinoma and renal cell carcinoma had not been previously associated with EWSR1 rearrangements to our knowledge. In a subset of cases, detection of a specific partner had an impact on the histological diagnosis and patient management. In our experience, the use of a targeted NGS-based fusion assay is superior to EWSR1 break-apart FISH for the detection of known and novel EWSR1 rearrangements and fusion partners, particularly given the emerging understanding that distinct fusion partners result in different diseases with distinct prognostic and therapeutic implications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Melissa Krystel-Whittemore
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Department of Pathology, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Martin S Taylor
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Department of Pathology, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Miguel Rivera
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Department of Pathology, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Jochen K Lennerz
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Department of Pathology, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Long P Le
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Department of Pathology, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Dora Dias-Santagata
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Department of Pathology, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Anthony John Iafrate
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Department of Pathology, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Vikram Deshpande
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Department of Pathology, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Ivan Chebib
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Department of Pathology, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Gunnlaugur Petur Nielsen
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Department of Pathology, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Chin-Lee Wu
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Department of Pathology, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Valentina Nardi
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Department of Pathology, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02114, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Shared roles for Scl and Lyl1 in murine platelet production and function. Blood 2019; 134:826-835. [PMID: 31300405 DOI: 10.1182/blood.2019896175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2019] [Accepted: 07/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The stem cell leukemia (Scl or Tal1) protein forms part of a multimeric transcription factor complex required for normal megakaryopoiesis. However, unlike other members of this complex such as Gata1, Fli1, and Runx1, mutations of Scl have not been observed as a cause of inherited thrombocytopenia. We postulated that functional redundancy with its closely related family member, lymphoblastic leukemia 1 (Lyl1) might explain this observation. To determine whether Lyl1 can substitute for Scl in megakaryopoiesis, we examined the platelet phenotype of mice lacking 1 or both factors in megakaryocytes. Conditional Scl knockout (KO) mice crossed with transgenic mice expressing Cre recombinase under the control of the mouse platelet factor 4 (Pf4) promoter generated megakaryocytes with markedly reduced but not absent Scl These Pf4Sclc-KO mice had mild thrombocytopenia and subtle defects in platelet aggregation. However, Pf4Sclc-KO mice generated on an Lyl1-null background (double knockout [DKO] mice) had severe macrothrombocytopenia, abnormal megakaryocyte morphology, defective pro-platelet formation, and markedly impaired platelet aggregation. DKO megakaryocytes, but not single-knockout megakaryocytes, had reduced expression of Gata1, Fli1, Nfe2, and many other genes that cause inherited thrombocytopenia. These gene expression changes were significantly associated with shared Scl and Lyl1 E-box binding sites that were also enriched for Gata1, Ets, and Runx1 motifs. Thus, Scl and Lyl1 share functional roles in platelet production by regulating expression of partner proteins including Gata1. We propose that this functional redundancy provides one explanation for the absence of Scl and Lyl1 mutations in inherited thrombocytopenia.
Collapse
|
32
|
Noetzli LJ, French SL, Machlus KR. New Insights Into the Differentiation of Megakaryocytes From Hematopoietic Progenitors. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2019; 39:1288-1300. [PMID: 31043076 PMCID: PMC6594866 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.119.312129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 140] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2019] [Accepted: 04/22/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Megakaryocytes are hematopoietic cells, which are responsible for the production of blood platelets. The traditional view of megakaryopoiesis describes the cellular journey from hematopoietic stem cells, through a hierarchical series of progenitor cells, ultimately to a mature megakaryocyte. Once mature, the megakaryocyte then undergoes a terminal maturation process involving multiple rounds of endomitosis and cytoplasmic restructuring to allow platelet formation. However, recent studies have begun to redefine this hierarchy and shed new light on alternative routes by which hematopoietic stem cells are differentiated into megakaryocytes. In particular, the origin of megakaryocytes, including the existence and hierarchy of megakaryocyte progenitors, has been redefined, as new studies are suggesting that hematopoietic stem cells originate as megakaryocyte-primed and can bypass traditional lineage checkpoints. Overall, it is becoming evident that megakaryopoiesis does not only occur as a stepwise process, but is dynamic and adaptive to biological needs. In this review, we will reexamine the canonical dogmas of megakaryopoiesis and provide an updated framework for interpreting the roles of traditional pathways in the context of new megakaryocyte biology. Visual Overview- An online visual overview is available for this article.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Leila J Noetzli
- Division of Hematology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Shauna L French
- Division of Hematology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Kellie R Machlus
- Division of Hematology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Del Portillo A, Komissarova EV, Bokhari A, Hills C, de Gonzalez AK, Kongkarnka S, Remotti HE, Sepulveda JL, Sepulveda AR. Downregulation of Friend Leukemia Integration 1 ( FLI1) follows the stepwise progression to gastric adenocarcinoma. Oncotarget 2019; 10:3852-3864. [PMID: 31231464 PMCID: PMC6570468 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.26974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2018] [Accepted: 04/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastric adenocarcinoma (GC) is a leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. The transcription factor gene Friend Leukemia Integration 1 (FLI1) is methylated and downregulated in human GC tissues. Using human GC samples, we determined which cells downregulate FLI1, when FLI1 downregulation occurs, if FLI1 downregulation correlates with clinical-pathologic characteristics, and whether FLI1 plays a role in invasion and/or proliferation of cultured cells. We analyzed stomach tissues from 98 patients [8 normal mucosa, 8 intestinal metaplasia (IM), 7 dysplasia, 91 GC] by immunohistochemistry for FLI1. Epithelial cells from normal, IM, and low-grade dysplasia (LGD) showed strong nuclear FLI1 staining. GC epithelial cells showed significantly less nuclear FLI1 staining as compared to normal epithelium, IM and LGD (P=1.2×10-5, P=1.4×10-6 and P=0.006, respectively). FLI1 expression did not correlate with tumor stage or differentiation, but was associated with patient survival, depending on tumor differentiation. We tested the functional role of FLI1 by assaying proliferation and invasion in cultured GC cells. Lentiviral-transduced FLI1 overexpression in GC AGS cells inhibited invasion by 73.5% (P = 0.001) and proliferation by 31.5% (P = 0.002), as compared to controls. Our results support a combined role for FLI1 as a suppressor of invasiveness and proliferation in gastric adenocarcinoma, specifically in the transition from pre-cancer lesions and dysplasia to invasive adenocarcinoma, and suggest that FLI1 may be a prognostic biomarker of survival in gastric cancers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Armando Del Portillo
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Elena V Komissarova
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Aqiba Bokhari
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Caitlin Hills
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Anne Koehne de Gonzalez
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Sarawut Kongkarnka
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Helen E Remotti
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jorge L Sepulveda
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Antonia R Sepulveda
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Conrad S, Demurger F, Moradkhani K, Pichon O, Le Caignec C, Pascal C, Thomas C, Bayart S, Perlat A, Dubourg C, Jaillard S, Nizon M. 11q24.2q24.3 microdeletion in two families presenting features of Jacobsen syndrome, without intellectual disability: Role of FLI1, ETS1, and SENCR long noncoding RNA. Am J Med Genet A 2019; 179:993-1000. [PMID: 30888095 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.61113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2018] [Revised: 01/27/2019] [Accepted: 02/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
This report presents two families with interstitial 11q24.2q24.3 deletion, associated with malformations, hematologic features, and typical facial dysmorphism, observed in Jacobsen syndrome (JS), except for intellectual disability (ID). The smallest 700 Kb deletion contains only two genes: FLI1 and ETS1, and a long noncoding RNA, SENCR, narrowing the minimal critical region for some features of JS. Consistent with recent literature, it adds supplemental data to confirm the crucial role of FLI1 and ETS1 in JS, namely FLI1 in thrombocytopenia and ETS1 in cardiopathy and immune deficiency. It also supports that combined ETS1 and FLI1 haploinsufficiency explains dysmorphic features, notably ears, and nose anomalies. Moreover, it raises the possibility that SENCR, a long noncoding RNA, could be responsible for limb defects, because of its early role in endothelial cell commitment and function. Considering ID and autism spectrum disorder, which are some of the main features of JS, a participation of ETS1, FLI1, or SENCR cannot be excluded. But, considering the normal neurodevelopment of our patients, their role would be either minor or with an important variability in penetrance. Furthermore, according to literature, ARHGAP32 and KIRREL3 seem to be the strongest candidate genes in the 11q24 region for other Jacobsen patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Cédric Le Caignec
- Service de Génétique Médicale, CHU Nantes, France.,INSERM, CNRS, UNIV Nantes, l'Institut du Thorax, Nantes, France
| | - Cécile Pascal
- Service de Cardiologie pédiatrique et fœtale, Hôpital privé du Confluent, Nantes, France
| | | | - Sophie Bayart
- Centre de traitement des maladies hémorragiques, CHU Rennes, France
| | - Antoinette Perlat
- Service de Médecine Interne-Immunologie Clinique, CHU de Rennes, France
| | - Christèle Dubourg
- Service de Génétique Moléculaire et Génomique, CHU Rennes, France.,Univ Rennes, CNRS, IGDR (Institut de génétique et développement de Rennes), UMR 6290, Rennes, France
| | - Sylvie Jaillard
- CHU Rennes, Service de Cytogénétique et Biologie Cellulaire, F-35033, Rennes, France.,INSERM U1085-IRSET, Université de Rennes 1, Rennes, France
| | - Mathilde Nizon
- Service de Génétique Médicale, CHU Nantes, France.,INSERM, CNRS, UNIV Nantes, l'Institut du Thorax, Nantes, France
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Dasgupta K, Jeong J. Developmental biology of the meninges. Genesis 2019; 57:e23288. [PMID: 30801905 DOI: 10.1002/dvg.23288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2018] [Revised: 02/20/2019] [Accepted: 02/21/2019] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
The meninges are membranous layers surrounding the central nervous system. In the head, the meninges lie between the brain and the skull, and interact closely with both during development. The cranial meninges originate from a mesenchymal sheath on the surface of the developing brain, called primary meninx, and undergo differentiation into three layers with distinct histological characteristics: the dura mater, the arachnoid mater, and the pia mater. While genetic regulation of meningeal development is still poorly understood, mouse mutants and other models with meningeal defects have demonstrated the importance of the meninges to normal development of the calvaria and the brain. For the calvaria, the interactions with the meninges are necessary for the progression of calvarial osteogenesis during early development. In later stages, the meninges control the patterning of the skull and the fate of the sutures. For the brain, the meninges regulate diverse processes including cell survival, cell migration, generation of neurons from progenitors, and vascularization. Also, the meninges serve as a stem cell niche for the brain in the postnatal life. Given these important roles of the meninges, further investigation into the molecular mechanisms underlying meningeal development can provide novel insights into the coordinated development of the head.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Krishnakali Dasgupta
- New York University College of Dentistry, Department of Basic Science and Craniofacial Biology, New York, New York
| | - Juhee Jeong
- New York University College of Dentistry, Department of Basic Science and Craniofacial Biology, New York, New York
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Zhang J, Zhuang R, Zhang X, Hu W, Cheng K, Jiang D, Shen S, Zhang Y, Ding Y, Zhang Y. CD226 is involved in megakaryocyte activation and early-stage differentiation. Mol Immunol 2019; 107:123-131. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2019.01.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2018] [Accepted: 01/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
|
37
|
Cattaneo M. Inherited Disorders of Platelet Function. Platelets 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-813456-6.00048-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
|
38
|
|
39
|
Chen N, Zhao G, Yan X, Lv Z, Yin H, Zhang S, Song W, Li X, Li L, Du Z, Jia L, Zhou L, Li W, Hoffman AR, Hu JF, Cui J. A novel FLI1 exonic circular RNA promotes metastasis in breast cancer by coordinately regulating TET1 and DNMT1. Genome Biol 2018; 19:218. [PMID: 30537986 PMCID: PMC6290540 DOI: 10.1186/s13059-018-1594-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 266] [Impact Index Per Article: 44.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2018] [Accepted: 11/23/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Friend leukemia virus integration 1 (FLI1), an ETS transcription factor family member, acts as an oncogenic driver in hematological malignancies and promotes tumor growth in solid tumors. However, little is known about the mechanisms underlying the activation of this proto-oncogene in tumors. Results Immunohistochemical staining showed that FLI1 is aberrantly overexpressed in advanced stage and metastatic breast cancers. Using a CRISPR Cas9-guided immunoprecipitation assay, we identify a circular RNA in the FLI1 promoter chromatin complex, consisting of FLI1 exons 4-2-3, referred to as FECR1.Overexpression of FECR1 enhances invasiveness of MDA-MB231 breast cancer cells. Notably, FECR1 utilizes a positive feedback mechanism to activate FLI1 by inducing DNA hypomethylation in CpG islands of the promoter. FECR1 binds to the FLI1 promoter in cis and recruits TET1, a demethylase that is actively involved in DNA demethylation. FECR1 also binds to and downregulates in trans DNMT1, a methyltransferase that is essential for the maintenance of DNA methylation. Conclusions These data suggest that FECR1 circular RNA acts as an upstream regulator to control breast cancer tumor growth by coordinating the regulation of DNA methylating and demethylating enzymes. Thus, FLI1 drives tumor metastasis not only through the canonical oncoprotein pathway, but also by using epigenetic mechanisms mediated by its exonic circular RNA. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13059-018-1594-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Naifei Chen
- Stem Cell and Cancer Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, 71 Xinmin Street, Changchun, 133021, Jilin, China
| | - Gang Zhao
- Department of Breast Cancer Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, 71 Xinmin Street, Changchun, 133021, Jilin, China
| | - Xu Yan
- Stem Cell and Cancer Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, 71 Xinmin Street, Changchun, 133021, Jilin, China
| | - Zheng Lv
- Stem Cell and Cancer Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, 71 Xinmin Street, Changchun, 133021, Jilin, China
| | - Hongmei Yin
- Department of General Internal Medicine, The First Hospital of Jilin University, 71 Xinmin Street, Changchun, 133021, Jilin, China
| | - Shilin Zhang
- Stem Cell and Cancer Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, 71 Xinmin Street, Changchun, 133021, Jilin, China.,Stanford University Medical School, Palo Alto Veterans Institute for Research, Palo Alto, CA, 94304, USA
| | - Wei Song
- Stem Cell and Cancer Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, 71 Xinmin Street, Changchun, 133021, Jilin, China
| | - Xueli Li
- Stem Cell and Cancer Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, 71 Xinmin Street, Changchun, 133021, Jilin, China.,Stanford University Medical School, Palo Alto Veterans Institute for Research, Palo Alto, CA, 94304, USA
| | - Lingyu Li
- Stem Cell and Cancer Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, 71 Xinmin Street, Changchun, 133021, Jilin, China
| | - Zhonghua Du
- Stem Cell and Cancer Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, 71 Xinmin Street, Changchun, 133021, Jilin, China
| | - Lin Jia
- Stem Cell and Cancer Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, 71 Xinmin Street, Changchun, 133021, Jilin, China.,Stanford University Medical School, Palo Alto Veterans Institute for Research, Palo Alto, CA, 94304, USA
| | - Lei Zhou
- Stem Cell and Cancer Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, 71 Xinmin Street, Changchun, 133021, Jilin, China
| | - Wei Li
- Stem Cell and Cancer Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, 71 Xinmin Street, Changchun, 133021, Jilin, China
| | - Andrew R Hoffman
- Stanford University Medical School, Palo Alto Veterans Institute for Research, Palo Alto, CA, 94304, USA
| | - Ji-Fan Hu
- Stem Cell and Cancer Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, 71 Xinmin Street, Changchun, 133021, Jilin, China. .,Stanford University Medical School, Palo Alto Veterans Institute for Research, Palo Alto, CA, 94304, USA.
| | - Jiuwei Cui
- Stem Cell and Cancer Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, 71 Xinmin Street, Changchun, 133021, Jilin, China.
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Nagai N, Ohguchi H, Nakaki R, Matsumura Y, Kanki Y, Sakai J, Aburatani H, Minami T. Downregulation of ERG and FLI1 expression in endothelial cells triggers endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition. PLoS Genet 2018; 14:e1007826. [PMID: 30500808 PMCID: PMC6291168 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1007826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2018] [Revised: 12/12/2018] [Accepted: 11/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Endothelial cell (EC) plasticity in pathological settings has recently been recognized as a driver of disease progression. Endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EndMT), in which ECs acquire mesenchymal properties, has been described for a wide range of pathologies, including cancer. However, the mechanism regulating EndMT in the tumor microenvironment and the contribution of EndMT in tumor progression are not fully understood. Here, we found that combined knockdown of two ETS family transcription factors, ERG and FLI1, induces EndMT coupled with dynamic epigenetic changes in ECs. Genome-wide analyses revealed that ERG and FLI1 are critical transcriptional activators for EC-specific genes, among which microRNA-126 partially contributes to blocking the induction of EndMT. Moreover, we demonstrated that ERG and FLI1 expression is downregulated in ECs within tumors by soluble factors enriched in the tumor microenvironment. These data provide new insight into the mechanism of EndMT, functions of ERG and FLI1 in ECs, and EC behavior in pathological conditions. Differentiated cells possess unique characteristics to maintain vital activities. However, cells occasionally show abnormal behavior in pathological settings due to dysregulated gene expression. Endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EndMT) is a phenomenon in which endothelial cells lose their characteristics and acquire mesenchymal-like properties. Although EndMT is observed in various diseases including cancer, and augments fibrosis and vascular defects, the mechanism of EndMT induction is not fully understood. Here, we show that EndMT is triggered via reduced expression of ERG and FLI1, which have recently been recognized as pivotal transcription factors in endothelial cells (ECs). Mechanistically, ERG and FLI1 activate EC-specific genes and repress mesenchymal-like genes via epigenetic regulation to prevent EndMT. Furthermore, we demonstrate that microRNA-126, which is specifically expressed in ECs, is the key downstream target of ERG/FLI1 for regulating EndMT. Finally, we show that ERG and FLI1 expression is decreased in ECs within tumors, suggesting that EndMT is induced in the tumor microenvironment. Collectively, these findings indicate that loss of ERG and FLI1 leads to the aberrant behavior of ECs in pathological conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nao Nagai
- Division of Molecular and Vascular Biology, IRDA, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroto Ohguchi
- Division of Disease Epigenetics, IRDA, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Ryo Nakaki
- Division of Genome Sciences, RCAST, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Matsumura
- Division of Metabolic Medicine, RCAST, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yasuharu Kanki
- Isotope Science Center, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Juro Sakai
- Division of Metabolic Medicine, RCAST, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Aburatani
- Division of Genome Sciences, RCAST, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takashi Minami
- Division of Molecular and Vascular Biology, IRDA, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Song J, Yuan C, Yang J, Liu T, Yao Y, Xiao X, Gajendran B, Xu D, Li Y, Wang C, Liu W, Wen M, Spaner D, Filmus J, Zacksenhaus E, Zhang Y, Hao X, Ben‐David Y. Novel flavagline‐like compounds with potent Fli‐1 inhibitory activity suppress diverse types of leukemia. FEBS J 2018; 285:4631-4645. [DOI: 10.1111/febs.14690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2018] [Revised: 10/15/2018] [Accepted: 10/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jialei Song
- The Laboratory of Cell Biochemistry and Topogenic Regulation College of Bioengineering and Faculty of Sciences Chongqing University China
- State Key Laboratory for Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants Guizhou Medical University Guiyang China
- The Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province and Chinese Academic of Sciences Guiyang China
| | - Chunmao Yuan
- State Key Laboratory for Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants Guizhou Medical University Guiyang China
- The Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province and Chinese Academic of Sciences Guiyang China
| | - Jue Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants Guizhou Medical University Guiyang China
- The Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province and Chinese Academic of Sciences Guiyang China
| | - Tangjingjun Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants Guizhou Medical University Guiyang China
- The Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province and Chinese Academic of Sciences Guiyang China
| | - Yao Yao
- State Key Laboratory for Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants Guizhou Medical University Guiyang China
- The Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province and Chinese Academic of Sciences Guiyang China
| | - Xiao Xiao
- State Key Laboratory for Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants Guizhou Medical University Guiyang China
- The Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province and Chinese Academic of Sciences Guiyang China
| | - Babu Gajendran
- State Key Laboratory for Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants Guizhou Medical University Guiyang China
- The Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province and Chinese Academic of Sciences Guiyang China
| | - Dahai Xu
- Department of Anatomy Norman Bethune College of Medicine Jilin University Changchun China
| | - You‐Jun Li
- Department of Anatomy Norman Bethune College of Medicine Jilin University Changchun China
| | - Chunlin Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants Guizhou Medical University Guiyang China
- The Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province and Chinese Academic of Sciences Guiyang China
| | - Wuling Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants Guizhou Medical University Guiyang China
- The Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province and Chinese Academic of Sciences Guiyang China
| | - Min Wen
- State Key Laboratory for Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants Guizhou Medical University Guiyang China
- The Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province and Chinese Academic of Sciences Guiyang China
| | - David Spaner
- Biology Platform Sunnybrook Research Institute Toronto Canada
| | - Jorge Filmus
- Biology Platform Sunnybrook Research Institute Toronto Canada
| | - Eldad Zacksenhaus
- Department of Medicine University of Toronto Canada
- Division of Advanced Diagnostics Toronto General Research Institute University Health Network Toronto Canada
| | - Yiguo Zhang
- The Laboratory of Cell Biochemistry and Topogenic Regulation College of Bioengineering and Faculty of Sciences Chongqing University China
| | - Xiaojiang Hao
- State Key Laboratory for Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants Guizhou Medical University Guiyang China
- The Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province and Chinese Academic of Sciences Guiyang China
| | - Yaacov Ben‐David
- State Key Laboratory for Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants Guizhou Medical University Guiyang China
- The Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province and Chinese Academic of Sciences Guiyang China
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Li L, Li W, Chen N, Zhao H, Xu G, Zhao Y, Pan X, Zhang X, Zhou L, Yu D, Li A, Hu JF, Cui J. FLI1 Exonic Circular RNAs as a Novel Oncogenic Driver to Promote Tumor Metastasis in Small Cell Lung Cancer. Clin Cancer Res 2018; 25:1302-1317. [PMID: 30429198 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-18-1447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2018] [Revised: 09/28/2018] [Accepted: 11/09/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The aberrantly upregulated Friend leukemia virus integration 1 (FLI1) is closely correlated with the malignant phenotype of small cell lung cancer (SCLC). It is interesting to note that the CRISPR gene knockout by Cas9 gRNAs that target the FLI1 coding region and the posttranscriptional knockdown by shRNAs that target the 3' region of FLI1 mRNA yielded distinct antimetastasis effects in SCLC cells. This study attempts to examine if FLI1 exonic circular RNAs (FECR) function as a new malignant driver that determines the metastatic phenotype in SCLC. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN The clinical relevance of FECRs was examined in 56 primary SCLC tissues and 50 non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) tissues. The prognostic value of FECRs was examined by measuring serum exosomal FECRs in a longitudinal cohort of patients with SCLC. The oncogenic activity of FECRs was investigated in both SCLC cell lines and animal xenograft studies. Finally, we explored the molecular mechanisms underlying these noncoding RNAs as a malignant driver. RESULTS Therapeutic comparison of CRISPR Cas9 knockout and shRNA knockdown of FLI1 identified FECRs as a new noncanonical malignant driver in SCLC. Using RNA FISH and quantitative PCR, we found that FECR1 (exons 4-2-3) and FECR2 (exons 5-2-3-4) were aberrantly upregulated in SCLC tissues (P < 0.0001), and was positively associated with lymph node metastasis (P < 0.01). Notably, serum exosomal FECR1 was associated with poor survival (P = 0.038) and clinical response to chemotherapy. Silencing of FECRs significantly inhibited the migration in two highly aggressive SCLC cell lines and reduced tumor metastasis in vivo. Mechanistically, we uncovered that FECRs sequestered and subsequently inactivated tumor suppressor miR584-3p, leading to the activation of the Rho Associated Coiled-Coil Containing Protein Kinase 1 gene (ROCK1). CONCLUSIONS This study identifies FLI1 exonic circular RNAs as a new oncogenic driver that promotes tumor metastasis through the miR584-ROCK1 pathway. Importantly, serum exosomal FECR1 may serve as a promising biomarker to track disease progression of SCLC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lingyu Li
- Cancer Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Wei Li
- Cancer Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Naifei Chen
- Cancer Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.,Stanford University Medical School, Palo Alto Veterans Institute for Research, Palo Alto, California
| | - Haixin Zhao
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, National Center of Biomedical Analysis, Beijing, China
| | - Guang Xu
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, National Center of Biomedical Analysis, Beijing, China
| | - Yijing Zhao
- Cancer Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.,Stanford University Medical School, Palo Alto Veterans Institute for Research, Palo Alto, California
| | - Xin Pan
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, National Center of Biomedical Analysis, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoying Zhang
- Cancer Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Lei Zhou
- Cancer Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Dehai Yu
- Cancer Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Ailing Li
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, National Center of Biomedical Analysis, Beijing, China.
| | - Ji-Fan Hu
- Cancer Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China. .,Stanford University Medical School, Palo Alto Veterans Institute for Research, Palo Alto, California
| | - Jiuwei Cui
- Cancer Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Wang Q, Cao L, Sheng G, Shen H, Ling J, Xie J, Ma Z, Yin J, Wang Z, Yu Z, Chen S, Zhao Y, Ruan C, Xia L, Jiang M. Application of High-Throughput Sequencing in the Diagnosis of Inherited Thrombocytopenia. Clin Appl Thromb Hemost 2018; 24:94S-103S. [PMID: 30103613 PMCID: PMC6714838 DOI: 10.1177/1076029618790696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Inherited thrombocytopenia is a group of hereditary diseases with a reduction in platelet
count as the main clinical manifestation. Clinically, there is an urgent need for a
convenient and rapid diagnosis method. We introduced a high-throughput, next-generation
sequencing (NGS) platform into the routine diagnosis of patients with unexplained
thrombocytopenia and analyzed the gene sequencing results to evaluate the value of NGS
technology in the screening and diagnosis of inherited thrombocytopenia. From a cohort of
112 patients with thrombocytopenia, we screened 43 patients with hereditary features. For
the blood samples of these 43 patients, a gene sequencing platform for hemorrhagic and
thrombotic diseases comprising 89 genes was used to perform gene detection using NGS
technology. When we combined the screening results with clinical features and other
findings, 15 (34.9%) of 43patients were diagnosed with inherited thrombocytopenia. In
addition, 19 pathogenic variants, including 8 previously unreported variants, were
identified in these patients. Through the use of this detection platform, we expect to
establish a more effective diagnostic approach to such disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qi Wang
- Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, Key Laboratory of Thrombosis and Hemostasis of Ministry of Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Lijuan Cao
- Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, Key Laboratory of Thrombosis and Hemostasis of Ministry of Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Guangying Sheng
- Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, Key Laboratory of Thrombosis and Hemostasis of Ministry of Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Hongjie Shen
- Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, Key Laboratory of Thrombosis and Hemostasis of Ministry of Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Jing Ling
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Jundan Xie
- Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, Key Laboratory of Thrombosis and Hemostasis of Ministry of Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Zhenni Ma
- Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, Key Laboratory of Thrombosis and Hemostasis of Ministry of Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Jie Yin
- Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, Key Laboratory of Thrombosis and Hemostasis of Ministry of Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Zhaoyue Wang
- Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, Key Laboratory of Thrombosis and Hemostasis of Ministry of Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Ziqiang Yu
- Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, Key Laboratory of Thrombosis and Hemostasis of Ministry of Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Suning Chen
- Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, Key Laboratory of Thrombosis and Hemostasis of Ministry of Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Yiming Zhao
- Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, Key Laboratory of Thrombosis and Hemostasis of Ministry of Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Changgeng Ruan
- Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, Key Laboratory of Thrombosis and Hemostasis of Ministry of Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Lijun Xia
- Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, Key Laboratory of Thrombosis and Hemostasis of Ministry of Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Soochow University, Suzhou, China.,Cardiovascular Biology Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Miao Jiang
- Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, Key Laboratory of Thrombosis and Hemostasis of Ministry of Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Duan F, Huang R, Zhang F, Zhu Y, Wang L, Chen X, Bai L, Guo W, Chang SCN, Hu X, Na J. Biphasic modulation of insulin signaling enables highly efficient hematopoietic differentiation from human pluripotent stem cells. Stem Cell Res Ther 2018; 9:205. [PMID: 30053898 PMCID: PMC6062919 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-018-0934-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2018] [Revised: 06/15/2018] [Accepted: 06/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Hematopoietic lineage cells derived from human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) hold great promise for the treatment of hematological diseases and providing sufficient cells for immune therapy. However, a simple, cost-effective method to generate large quantities of hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells (HSPCs) is not yet available. Methods We established a monolayer, chemically defined culture system to induce hematopoietic differentiation from hPSCs in 8 days. Results We found that insulin-free medium allowed hPSCs to leave pluripotency promptly and preferably enter the vascular lineage. Addition of insulin during the later stage of differentiation was essential for the efficient induction of hemogenic endothelium and the emergence of large numbers of CD34+CD43+ HSPCs, while no insulin condition preferably permits endothelial differentiation. Global transcriptome profiling revealed that HSPCs differentiated using our protocol were similar to embryoid body-derived HSPCs. HSPCs obtained from our differentiation system formed robust erythroid, granulocyte and monocyte/macrophage colonies in CFU assay, and can be induced to generate functional macrophages with robust phagocytic ability. Conclusion Our results demonstrated that proper manipulation of insulin-mTOR signaling can greatly facilitate HSPC formation. This finding can be further exploited to formulate cost-effective differentiation medium to generate large quantities of cells of desired blood lineages for regenerative medicine. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13287-018-0934-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fuyu Duan
- Center for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Rujin Huang
- Center for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Fengzhi Zhang
- Center for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Yonglin Zhu
- Center for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Lin Wang
- Center for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Xia Chen
- Center for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Lufeng Bai
- Center for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Wei Guo
- Center for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China.,Zhejiang University International Campus, Haining, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Sophia Chia-Ning Chang
- School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China.,School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Xiaoyu Hu
- Institute of Immunology and School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Jie Na
- Center for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China.
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Ghosh K, Bhattacharya M, Chowdhury R, Mishra K, Ghosh M. Inherited Macrothrombocytopenia: Correlating Morphology, Epidemiology, Molecular Pathology and Clinical Features. Indian J Hematol Blood Transfus 2018; 34:387-397. [PMID: 30127546 PMCID: PMC6081320 DOI: 10.1007/s12288-018-0950-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2017] [Accepted: 03/14/2018] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Inherited macrothrombocytopenia is increasingly being recognized as a relatively common condition. This descriptive review aims at focusing on the different areas of advancement that have taken place with this condition with particular reference to India. A pubmed search of articles between January 1990 and October 2017 with the key words-macrothrombocytopenia, asymptomatic macrothrombocytopenia, macrothrombocytopenia India, syndromic macrothrombocytopenia, molecular pathology, megakaryopoiesis and platelet formation were searched. The shortlisted articles were then read. Review articles provided additional references and the articles thus obtained were also read. Special interest and research conducted by the authors provided further sources of information. A total of 487 articles were found of which 68 articles were related to our subject of review. Review articles were read and additional articles from the reference quoted. Forty-four percent of nonsyndromic Inherited macrothrombocytopenia showed mutations of MYH9, GP1BB, GP1Ba, GPIX, ABCG5 and 8, ACTN, FLI, TUBB and RUNX1 frequently in heterozygous state. All types of inheritance pattern namely autosomal dominant, recessive and sex linked patterns have been described. Syndromic causes of this phenomenon are well known and have been described. Many asymptomatic patients do have mild or moderate bleeding history. Clinical algorithms to differentiate chronic ITP associated macrothrombocytopenia from inherited variety have been explored. Inherited macrothrombocytopenia is an emerging area of interest in platelet biology with its implication in diagnosis, prognosis, genetic counseling, management and in transfusion medicine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kanjaksha Ghosh
- Surat Raktadan Kendra and Research Centre, Udhna Magdalla Road, Near Chosath Joganio Mataji Temple, Surat, 395002 India
| | - Maitreyee Bhattacharya
- Institute of Haematology and Transfusion Medicine, Medical College, Kolkata, 12 College Street, Kolkata, 700078 India
| | - Ranjini Chowdhury
- Institute of Haematology and Transfusion Medicine, Medical College, Kolkata, 12 College Street, Kolkata, 700078 India
| | - Kanchan Mishra
- Surat Raktadan Kendra and Research Centre, Udhna Magdalla Road, Near Chosath Joganio Mataji Temple, Surat, 395002 India
| | - Malay Ghosh
- P-78 Green View, Garia-P.O., Kolkata, 700084 India
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Puvabanditsin S, Chen CW, Botwinick M, Hussein K, Mariduena J, Mehta R. Ventriculomegaly and cerebellar hypoplasia in a neonate with interstitial 11q 24 deletion in Jacobsen syndrome region. Clin Case Rep 2018; 6:1268-1275. [PMID: 29988670 PMCID: PMC6028426 DOI: 10.1002/ccr3.1560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2018] [Revised: 03/12/2018] [Accepted: 04/03/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Jacobsen syndrome (JS) is a rare contiguous gene disorder caused by partial deletion of the distal part of the long arm of chromosome 11 ranging in size from 7 to 20 Mb. We report a term male neonate with an interstitial deletion of about 12.3 megabase (Mb) of chromosome 11q24.1qter. Our case is the first reported newborn patient with 11q24 deletion.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Surasak Puvabanditsin
- Department of PediatricsRutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical SchoolNew BrunswickNew Jersey
| | - Charlotte Wang Chen
- Department of PediatricsRutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical SchoolNew BrunswickNew Jersey
| | - Marissa Botwinick
- Department of PediatricsRutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical SchoolNew BrunswickNew Jersey
| | - Karen Hussein
- Department of PediatricsRutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical SchoolNew BrunswickNew Jersey
| | - Joseph Mariduena
- Department of PediatricsRutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical SchoolNew BrunswickNew Jersey
| | - Rajeev Mehta
- Department of PediatricsRutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical SchoolNew BrunswickNew Jersey
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Abstract
Mucocutaneous bleeding symptoms and/or persistent thrombocytopenia occur in individuals with congenital disorders of platelet function and number. Apart from bleeding, these disorders are often associated with additional hematologic and clinical manifestations, including auditory, immunologic, and oncologic disease. Autosomal recessive, dominant, and X-linked inheritance patterns have been demonstrated. Precise delineation of the molecular cause of the platelet disorder can aid the pediatrician in the detection and prevention of specific disorder-associated manifestations and guide appropriate treatment and anticipatory care for the patient and family.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ruchika Sharma
- BloodCenter of Wisconsin, Medical College of Wisconsin, 8733 Watertown Plank Road, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA
| | | | - Shawn M Jobe
- Blood Center of Wisconsin, Blood Research Institute, Medical College of Wisconsin, 8733 Watertown Plank Road, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Li L, Song W, Yan X, Li A, Zhang X, Li W, Wen X, Zhou L, Yu D, Hu JF, Cui J. Friend leukemia virus integration 1 promotes tumorigenesis of small cell lung cancer cells by activating the miR-17-92 pathway. Oncotarget 2018; 8:41975-41987. [PMID: 28410216 PMCID: PMC5522042 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.16715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2017] [Accepted: 03/20/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is regarded as the most devastative type of human lung malignancies. The rapid and disseminated growth pattern remains the primary cause of poor clinical prognosis in patients with SCLC. However, the molecular factors that drive rapid progression of SCLC remain unclear. Friend leukemia virus integration 1 (FLI1), an Ets transcription factor family member, has been previously reported to act as a major driver of hematological malignancies. In this study, we explored the potential role of FLI1 in SCLC. Using immunohistochemical staining, we found that FLI1 was significantly upregulated in SCLC tissues, compared to that in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and normal lung tissues (p < 0.01). The expression score of FLI1 oncoprotein was associated with the extensive stage of SCLC and the overexpressed Ki67. Knockdown of FLI1 with small interfering RNA (siRNA) or short hairpin RNA (shRNA) promoted apoptosis and induced repression of cell proliferation, tumor colony formation and in vivo tumorigenicity in highly aggressive SCLC cell lines. Importantly, we discovered that FLI1 promoted tumorigenesis by activating the miR-17-92 cluster family. This study uncovers FLI1 as an important driving factor that promotes tumor growth in SCLC through the miR-17-92 pathway. FLI1 may serve as an attractive target for therapeutic intervention of SCLC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lingyu Li
- Cancer Center, The First Bethune Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Wei Song
- Cancer Center, The First Bethune Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xu Yan
- Cancer Center, The First Bethune Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Ailing Li
- Stanford University Medical School, Palo Alto Veterans Institute for Research, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Xiaoying Zhang
- Cancer Center, The First Bethune Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Wei Li
- Cancer Center, The First Bethune Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xue Wen
- Cancer Center, The First Bethune Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Lei Zhou
- Cancer Center, The First Bethune Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Dehai Yu
- Cancer Center, The First Bethune Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Ji-Fan Hu
- Cancer Center, The First Bethune Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.,Stanford University Medical School, Palo Alto Veterans Institute for Research, Palo Alto, USA
| | - Jiuwei Cui
- Cancer Center, The First Bethune Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
|
50
|
Ichimiya Y, Wada Y, Kunishima S, Tsukamoto K, Kosaki R, Sago H, Ishiguro A, Ito Y. 11q23 deletion syndrome (Jacobsen syndrome) with severe bleeding: a case report. J Med Case Rep 2018; 12:3. [PMID: 29307309 PMCID: PMC5757304 DOI: 10.1186/s13256-017-1535-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2017] [Accepted: 11/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND 11q23 deletion syndrome, also known as Jacobsen syndrome, is characterized by growth retardation, psychomotor retardation, facial dysmorphism, multiple congenital abnormalities, and thrombocytopenia. In 11q23 deletion syndrome, it is often difficult to anticipate the severity of bleeding. We report a neonatal case of 11q23 deletion syndrome with bleeding that was more severe than predicted by the platelet count. CASE PRESENTATION We report a case of 11q23 deletion syndrome in an Asian male newborn with severe bleeding just after birth. The diagnosis of 11q23 deletion syndrome was made prenatally by amniocentesis. An array comparative genomic hybridization analysis revealed a deletion of the 13.0 Mb regions ranging from 11q24.1 to the q terminus encoding FLI1. Our patient was delivered by cesarean section and exhibited skull deformities, facial asymmetry, low-set ears, inguinal hernia, flat feet, and crowded toes. He had a low platelet count (45,000/μL) and a coagulation abnormality with a prothrombin time-international normalized ratio of 1.92 and an activated partial thromboplastin time of 158.6 seconds. Bleeding at the site of a peripheral vessel puncture was more severe than expected with thrombocytopenia. The peripheral blood featured two different sizes of platelets containing large α-granules. As a result, he required eight platelet transfusions and two fresh frozen plasma transfusions within 13 days of birth. Massive bleeding was avoided, and cerebral magnetic resonance imaging indicated the occurrence of only petechial hemorrhage. CONCLUSIONS Our patient with 11q deletion including FLI1 avoided massive bleeding and serious sequelae because of careful management after prenatal diagnosis. We suggest that prenatal diagnosis and vigilant perinatal care including a cesarean section are warranted for patients with 11q23 deletion syndrome.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuko Ichimiya
- Division of Neonatology, Center of Maternal-Fetal, Neonatal and Reproductive Medicine, National Center for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi, Fukuoka, 812-8582 Japan
| | - Yuka Wada
- Division of Neonatology, Center of Maternal-Fetal, Neonatal and Reproductive Medicine, National Center for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shinji Kunishima
- Department of Advanced Diagnosis, Clinical Research Center, National Hospital Organization Nagoya Medical Center, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Keiko Tsukamoto
- Division of Neonatology, Center of Maternal-Fetal, Neonatal and Reproductive Medicine, National Center for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Rika Kosaki
- Division of Medical Genetics, National Center for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Haruhiko Sago
- Center of Maternal-Fetal, Neonatal and Reproductive Medicine, National Center for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Akira Ishiguro
- Division of Hematology, National Center for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yushi Ito
- Division of Neonatology, Center of Maternal-Fetal, Neonatal and Reproductive Medicine, National Center for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan
| |
Collapse
|