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Saleh NKM, Mohamed AEHA, Moussa MH, Assal Y, Lasheen NN. Garlic oil improves small intestinal motility in experimentally induced type II diabetes mellitus in female Wistar rats. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0301621. [PMID: 38630691 PMCID: PMC11023395 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0301621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus adversely affects the contractile ability of the small intestine. However, there is a paucity of studies investigating the impact of garlic oil on small intestinal motility. This study aimed to evaluate the potential beneficial effects of garlic oil on type 2 diabetes mellitus in rats. Thirty-six adult female Wistar rats (n = 36) were divided into four groups: control, non-diabetic rats supplemented with garlic oil, diabetic rats, and diabetic rats treated with garlic oil. The rats were anesthetized using pentobarbitone (40 mg/kg BW); various motility parameters and oxidative markers were determined in small intestinal segments. Measurements were taken for naso-anal length, waist circumference, fasting blood glucose level (FBG), and plasma insulin level. Compared to the control group, the diabetic rats exhibited a reduction in the average force of contraction and motility index in all small intestinal segments. Furthermore, the rats exhibited a reduction in the average duration of muscle contraction only in the jejunum. The rats also exhibited hyperglycemia, insulin resistance, significant oxidative stress, and obesity. This was proven by changes in motility parameters, fasting blood glucose levels, HOMA-IR values, intestinal MDA levels, and waist circumference. The non-diabetic rats supplemented with garlic oil also exhibited a decrease in the average force of contraction and motility index in all small intestinal segments, despite having consistently higher Lee index and waist circumference values. However, the diabetic rats treated with garlic oil demonstrated improved small intestinal motility in nearly all small intestinal segments and a reduction in oxidative stress. In conclusion, rats with diabetes mellitus experienced a decrease in small intestinal motility, which is primarily driven by oxidative stress. Normal rats administered with garlic oil supplements exhibited similar effects. In contrast, garlic oil treatment in diabetic rats led to enhanced small intestinal motility and a notable anti-hyperglycemic effect, which can be attributed to the potent antioxidant properties of garlic oil.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Yasmin Assal
- Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Noha N. Lasheen
- Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
- Faculty of Medicine, Galala University, Suez, Egypt
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Rahbarghazi A, Alamdari KA, Rahbarghazi R, Salehi-Pourmehr H. Co-administration of exercise training and melatonin on the function of diabetic heart tissue: a systematic review and meta-analysis of rodent models. Diabetol Metab Syndr 2023; 15:67. [PMID: 37005639 PMCID: PMC10067225 DOI: 10.1186/s13098-023-01045-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/04/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Diabetes mellitus (DM), a hyperglycemic condition, occurs due to the failure of insulin secretion and resistance. This study investigated the combined effects of exercise training and melatonin (Mel) on the function of heart tissue in diabetic rodent models. METHODS A systematic search was conducted in Embase, ProQuest, Cochrane library, Clinicaltrial.gov, WHO, Google Scholar, PubMed, Ovid, Scopus, Web of Science, Ongoing Trials Registers, and Conference Proceedings in July 2022 with no limit of date or language. All trials associated with the effect of Mel and exercise in diabetic rodent models were included. Of the 962 relevant publications, 58 studies met our inclusion criteria as follows; Mel and type 1 DM (16 studies), Mel and type 2 DM (6 studies), exercise and type 1 DM (24 studies), and exercise and type 2 DM (12 studies). Meta-analysis of the data was done using the Mantel Haenszel method. RESULTS In most of these studies, antioxidant status and oxidative stress, inflammatory response, apoptosis rate, lipid profiles, and glucose levels were monitored in diabetic heart tissue. According to our findings, both Mel and exercise can improve antioxidant capacity by activating antioxidant enzymes compared to the control diabetic groups (p < 0.05). The levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines, especially TNF-α were reduced in diabetic rodents after being treated with Mel and exercise. Apoptotic changes were diminished in diabetic rodents subjected to the Mel regime and exercise in which p53 levels and the activity of Caspases reached near normal levels (p < 0.05). Based on the data, both Mel and exercise can change the lipid profile in diabetic rodents, especially rats, and close it to near-to-control levels. CONCLUSION These data showed that exercise and Mel can reduce the harmful effects of diabetic conditions on the heart through the regulation of lipid profile, antioxidant capacity, apoptosis, and inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Afshin Rahbarghazi
- Department of Physical Education and Sports Sciences, Faculty of Educational Science and Psychology, University of Mohaghegh Ardabil, Daneshgah Street, Ardabil, 56199-11367 Iran
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Imam Reza St., Golgasht St, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | - Reza Rahbarghazi
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Imam Reza St., Golgasht St, Tabriz, Iran
- Tuberculosis and Lung Disease Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Department of Applied Cell Sciences, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Hanieh Salehi-Pourmehr
- Research Center for Evidence-Based Medicine, Iranian EBM Centre: A Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) Center of Excellence, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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Ertik O, Sener G, Yanardag R. The effect of melatonin on glycoprotein levels and oxidative liver injury in experimental diabetes. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2023; 37:e23268. [PMID: 36527249 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.23268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Revised: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
In this present study, the duration of melatonin (Mel) administered to diabetic rats was prolonged so as to examine its effects on the biochemical liver parameters of diabetic rats. In the experiment, Male Sprague Dawley rats were divided randomly into five groups; the control, diabetic + Mel, diabetic, diabetic + insulin, and diabetic + Mel + insulin. Diabetes mellitus was induced by administration of a single dose of streptozotocin (60 mg/kg) intraperitoneally and rats were given vehicle as a solvent for Mel every day for 12 weeks. In the diabetic + Mel group, diabetic rats were administered Mel (10 mg/kg/day) for 12 weeks to treat diabetes. The diabetic + insulin group were diabetic rats given insulin (6 U/kg) subcutaneously for 12 weeks. The diabetic + Mel + insulin rats received insulin and Mel at the same dose and time. At the end of the experiment, the animals were decapitated and liver tissues were taken. The protective effect of Mel on liver tissue of diabetic rats was investigated, total antioxidant status, total oxidant status, reactive oxygen species, oxidative stress index, adenosine deaminase, xanthine oxidase, paraoxonase 1, sodium/potassium ATPase, myeloperoxidase, γ-glutamyl transferase, sorbitol dehydrogenase, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, homocysteine, nitric oxide, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, and glycoprotein levels were determined in liver tissues. Treatment with Mel and/or insulin has been found to have a protective effect on biochemical parameters. The results showed that administration of Mel to diabetic rats prevented the distortion of the studied biochemical parameters of liver tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Onur Ertik
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Goksel Sener
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Fenerbahce University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Refiye Yanardag
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey
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Ahmed OM, Abdel Fattah AA, Abdul-Hamid M, Abdel-Aziz AM, Sakr HI, Damanhory AA, Abdel-Kawi SH, Ghaboura N, Awad MMY. Antidiabetic and Liver Histological and Ultrastructural Effects of Cynara scolymus Leaf and Flower Head Hydroethanolic Extracts in Nicotinamide/Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE : ECAM 2023; 2023:4223026. [PMID: 37163198 PMCID: PMC10164244 DOI: 10.1155/2023/4223026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Revised: 02/25/2023] [Accepted: 04/01/2023] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
This study aims to investigate the effect of hydroethanolic extracts of Cynara scolymus (C. scolymus) leaf (CLHE) and C. scolymus flower (CFHE) on the hepatic histopathological lesions and functional biochemical changes induced by type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The rat model of T2DM was induced by intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (STZ) in a dose of 60 mg/kg for 15 minutes following nicotinamide (NA) (60 mg/kg). The rats were allocated into four groups: group 1 (negative control), group 2 (diabetic control), group 3 (diabetic rats supplemented with 100 mg/kg/day CLHE), and group 4 (diabetic rats supplemented with 100 mg/kg/day CFHE). Treatment with CLHE and CFHE, for the study duration of 28 days, significantly improved the deteriorated hepatic glycogen content, glycogen phosphorylase, glucose-6-phosphatase activities, serum fructosamine levels, lipid profile, aspartate transaminase activities, and alanine transaminase activities as well as serum insulin and C-peptide levels. The elevated liver lipid peroxidation and the decreased activities of superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase were significantly alleviated. The elevated expression of the proinflammatory cytokine tumor necrosis factor-α in the liver of diabetic rats was significantly reduced by treatments with CLHE and CFHE. NA/STZ-induced T2DM exhibited hepatic histopathological changes in the form of disordered hepatocytes, cytoplasm dissolution, and mononuclear leukocytic infiltration. The electron microscopic ultrastructure study revealed damaged mitochondria with ill-defined cristae and fragmentation of the rough endoplasmic reticulum. Treatments with CLHE and CFHE remarkably amended these histopathological and EM ultrastructural changes. In conclusion, both CLHE and CFHE may have antidiabetic and improvement effects on the liver function and structural integrity, which may be mediated, at least in part, via suppression of inflammation and oxidative stress and enhancement of the antioxidant defence system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Osama M. Ahmed
- Physiology Division, Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, P.O. 62521, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - Asmaa A. Abdel Fattah
- Cell Biology, Histology and Genetics Division, Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, P.O. 62521, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - Manal Abdul-Hamid
- Cell Biology, Histology and Genetics Division, Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, P.O. 62521, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - Ayman M. Abdel-Aziz
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Fayoum University, Fayoum 63514, Egypt
| | - Hader I. Sakr
- Department of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
- Department of Medical Physiology, Medicine Program, Batterjee Medical College, Jeddah 21442, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed A. Damanhory
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
- Department of Biochemistry, Medicine Program, Batterjee Medical College, Jeddah 21442, Saudi Arabia
| | - Samraa H. Abdel-Kawi
- Department of Medical Histology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - Nehmat Ghaboura
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Pharmacy Program, Batterjee Medical College, P.O. Box 6231, Jeddah 21442, Saudi Arabia
| | - Moaaz M. Y. Awad
- Department of Anatomy, Medicine Program, Batterjee Medical College, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Anatomy, Damietta Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Damietta, Egypt
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Awan AM, Majeed W, Muhammad F, Faisal MN. Acacia jacquemontii ethyl acetate extract reduces hyperglycemia and pro-inflammatory markers while increasing endogenous antioxidant potential in alloxan-induced diabetic rats. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:52605-52617. [PMID: 35262888 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-19493-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2021] [Accepted: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Acacia jacquemontii possess has numerous traditional therapeutic uses. The rationale of this study was to investigate the role of Acacia jacquemontii ethyl acetate extract (AJEAE) in the downregulation of hyperglycemia. The current study was performed in two parts, in vitro, through characterization (high-performance liquid chromatography), estimation of total phenolic content, total flavonoid content, antioxidant (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazylassay), and α-amylase inhibitory activities of the studied extract, and in vivo using Wistar rats in which animals were divided into five groups NC, DC, GL, AJEAE 250 mg/kg, and AJEAE 500 mg/kg. The effects of AJEAE on fasting plasma glucose, plasma insulin, HOMA-IR, oral glucose tolerance test, glycated hemoglobin (HBA1c), lipid profile, inflammatory cytokines (Interleukin-6, tumor necrosis factor-alpha), and oxidative stress markers (lipid peroxidation, nitic oxide, superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase) were evaluated. Our findings confirmed the presence of quercetin, kaempferol, gallic acid, vanillic acid, syringic acid, M-coumaric acid, sinapic acid, chlorogenic acid, cinnamic acid, and ferulic acid in AJEAE. Total flavonoid and phenolic contents in AJEAE were 83.83 mg GAE/g and 77.06 mg QE/g, respectively. Significant inhibition of DPPH (69.470%/1 mg/ml) and α-amylase (71.8%/1 mg/ml) activities were exhibited by AJEAE. Alloxan-injected rats showed marked hyperglycemia and hypoinsulinemia, and increased inflammatory marker levels as compared to normal control (p < 0.001). Additionally, raised levels of triglyceride (139.7 ± 2.771), total cholesterol (198.7 ± 1.856), very low-density lipoprotein (33.43 ± 0.2728), low-density lipoprotein (155.5 ± 2.754), lipid peroxidation, and nitric oxide (p < 0.001) and decreased levels of high-density lipoprotein (17.20 ± 0.1732), superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase were observed in diabetic rats (p < 0.001). AJEAE significantly (p < 0.05) improved the aforementioned parameters and the protective efficacy was comparable to glibenclamide. Histopathological findings also evidenced the anti-hyperglycemic properties of AJEAE through regeneration of pancreatic β cells. Conclusively, our findings demonstrated the antihyperglycemic, antihyperlipidemic, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and pancreatic beta β cell regenerative properties of AJEAE against alloxan-induced diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ambreen Mehmood Awan
- Institute of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Wafa Majeed
- Institute of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan.
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan.
| | - Faqir Muhammad
- Institute of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Naeem Faisal
- Institute of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
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Abstract
AIM To find the association between purine metabolites and diabetic complications in rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS Alloxan was administered to induce diabetes in rats. After 30 days, the levels of uric acid, inosine, xanthine, hypoxanthine and AMP were assessed in both plasma and liver tissues using HPLC technique. RESULTS A significant increase in xanthine, hypoxanthine, AMP levels (p < .001 and t-value 2.78) and inosine in plasma and liver tissues (p < .05 and t-value 2.11) with a concomitant increase in uric acid levels (p < .001 and t-value 2.80) was observed in diabetic group. CONCLUSION Purine metabolites like uric acid and other intermediate products of purine metabolism are increased in diabetes. These results can be used in addition or separately in evaluating the progression of diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yogaraje Gowda C Varadaiah
- Department of Research and Development, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Chennai, India
- Department of Biochemistry, Bangalore Medical College and Research Institute, Bengaluru, India
| | - Senthilkumar Sivanesan
- Department of Research and Development, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Chennai, India
| | - Shivananda B Nayak
- Department of Preclinical Sciences, Faculty of Medical Sciences, The University of the West Indies, Trinidad, Trinidad and Tobago
- Department of Biochemistry, Department of Research and Development, Subbaiah Institute of Medical Sciences, Shivamogga, India
| | - Kashinath R Thirumalarao
- Department of Biochemistry, Department of Research and Development, Subbaiah Institute of Medical Sciences, Shivamogga, India
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Luo Q, Cai Y, Zhao Q, Jiang Y, Tian L, Liu Y, Liu WJ. Renal Protective Effects of Melatonin in Animal Models of Diabetes Mellitus-Related Kidney Damage: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. J Diabetes Res 2022; 2022:3770417. [PMID: 35746917 PMCID: PMC9213184 DOI: 10.1155/2022/3770417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetic nephropathy (DN)-chronic kidney damage caused by hyperglycemia-eventually develops into end-stage renal disease (ESRD). Melatonin is a powerful antioxidant that has a wide range of biological activities. Potentially helpful effects of melatonin on diabetic kidney disease have been found in several studies. However, its protective mechanisms are not clear and remain to be explored. In this review (CRD42021285429), we conducted a meta-analysis to estimate the effects and relevant mechanisms of melatonin for diminishing renal injuries in diabetes mellitus models. The Cochrane Library, PubMed, and EMBASE databases up to September 2021 were used. Random- or fixed-effects models were used for calculating the standardized mean difference (SMD) or 90% confidence interval (CI). The risk of bias was estimated using the SYRCLE's RoB tool. Statistical analysis was conducted with RevMan. A total of 15 studies including 224 animals were included in the analysis. The experimental group showed a remarkable decrease in serum creatinine (P = 0.002), blood urea nitrogen (P = 0.02), and urinary albumin excretion rate (UAER) (P < 0.00001) compared with the control group, while the oxidative stress index improved. The experimental group also showed a remarkable increase in superoxide dismutase (P = 0.21), glutathione (P < 0.0001), and catalase (P = 0.04) and a remarkable decrease in MDA (P < 0.00001) content compared with the control group. We concluded that melatonin plays a role in renal protection in diabetic animals by inhibiting oxidative stress. Moreover, it should be noted that fasting blood glucose was reduced in the experimental group compared with the control group. The kidney and body weights of the animals were not decreased in the diabetic animal model compared with the control group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Luo
- Dongzhimen Hospital Affiliated to Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100700, China
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Internal Medicine of Ministry of Education and Beijing, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Yuzi Cai
- Dongzhimen Hospital Affiliated to Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100700, China
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Internal Medicine of Ministry of Education and Beijing, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Qihan Zhao
- Dongzhimen Hospital Affiliated to Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100700, China
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Internal Medicine of Ministry of Education and Beijing, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Yuhua Jiang
- Dongzhimen Hospital Affiliated to Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100700, China
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Internal Medicine of Ministry of Education and Beijing, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Lei Tian
- Dongzhimen Hospital Affiliated to Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100700, China
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Internal Medicine of Ministry of Education and Beijing, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Yuning Liu
- Dongzhimen Hospital Affiliated to Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100700, China
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Internal Medicine of Ministry of Education and Beijing, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Wei Jing Liu
- Dongzhimen Hospital Affiliated to Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100700, China
- Zhanjiang Key Laboratory of Prevention and Management of Chronic Kidney Disease, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524001, China
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Alanazi IS, Emam M, Elsabagh M, Alkahtani S, Abdel-Daim MM. The protective effects of 18β-glycyrrhetinic acid against acrylamide-induced cellular damage in diabetic rats. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:58322-58330. [PMID: 34117542 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-14742-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2020] [Accepted: 06/01/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
This study was aimed at elucidating the protective effects of 18β-glycyrrhetinic acid (18βGA) against acrylamide (Acr)-induced cellular damage in diabetic rats. Rats were randomly assigned into eight groups (n = 8) following 12 h of fasting: control group, a single dose of 50 mg/kg streptozotocin (STZ) intraperitoneally (diabetic group), 50 mg/kg 18βGA orally after 2 weeks from STZ injection (18βGA group), 20 mg/kg Acr after 1month from STZ injection (Acr group), STZ plus Acr (STZ-Acr group), STZ plus 18βGA (STZ-18βGA group), Acr plus 18βGA (Acr-18βGA group), or STZ plus Acr plus 18βGA (STZ-Acr-18βGA group). Administration of 18βGA alone increased GSH, GSH-PX, SOD, and CAT in both liver and kidneys. While STZ injection was associated with diabetic and oxidative stress changes as indicated by the higher serum glucose, cholesterol, creatinine, IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, and antioxidant enzyme activities, together with increased lipid peroxides and decreased antioxidant biomarkers in the liver and kidneys. Similarly, the co-administration of STZ and Acr was associated with similar, more augmented effects, compared to STZ alone. The administration of 18βGA normalized STZ and Acr-induced elevations in oxidative defense variables in the liver and kidney tissues and blood biomarkers. Thus, our study demonstrated that the damaging effects of Acr were more exaggerated in diabetic rats. Furthermore, it showed the ability of 18βGA to inhibit reactive oxygen species generation and restore the antioxidant defenses in diabetic rats with Acr-induced liver and kidney cytotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ibtesam S Alanazi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Hafr Al Batin, Hafr Al Batin, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed Emam
- Department of Nutrition and Veterinary Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, El Beheira, Damanhour, Egypt
| | - Mabrouk Elsabagh
- Department of Nutrition and Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafr El-sheikh University, Kafr El-Sheikh, 33516, Egypt
| | - Saad Alkahtani
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed M Abdel-Daim
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia.
- Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, 41522, Egypt.
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Lotfi F, Ziamajidi N, Abbasalipourkabir R, Goodarzi MT, Asl SS. Impacts of garlic extract on testicular oxidative stress and sperm characteristics in type 1 and 2 diabetic rats: An experimental study. Int J Reprod Biomed 2021; 19:929-942. [PMID: 34805733 PMCID: PMC8595912 DOI: 10.18502/ijrm.v19i10.9825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2020] [Revised: 11/28/2020] [Accepted: 02/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hyperglycemia damages various tissues such as the testes through oxidative stress and inflammation, which can eventually lead to infertility. OBJECTIVE Garlic extract effects on the testicular tissue of diabetic rats were investigated. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this experimental study, 36 male Wistar rats (8-wk old, weighing 230-300 gr) were randomly divided into 6 groups (n = 6/each) including; C: control rats, G: received 0.4 gr of garlic extract/100 gr body weight, D1: Streptozotocin-induced-diabetic rats or type 1, D1+G: D1 rats that were treated with garlic, D2: Streptozotocin + nicotinamide-induced-diabetic rats or type 2, D2+G: D2 rats treated with garlic. At the end of the study, serum testosterone was assayed by ELISA. Also, sperm quality and quantity were evaluated. For determination of oxidative stress status, total antioxidant capacity, total oxidative status, lipid peroxidation, and thiol groups were assayed in the testis tissues of the rats by colorimetric methods. Also, inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) gene expression and the protein level of interleukin-1 β (IL-1 β ) were determined by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, respectively. RESULTS In diabetic rats, glucose, total oxidative status and lipid peroxidation, iNOS gene expression, and IL-1 β were higher than in non-diabetic rats, whereas testosterone, total antioxidant capacity and thiol groups, and sperm quality were significantly lower compared with control rats. These alterations were normalized by garlic intervention. CONCLUSION In diabetic rats, garlic was associated with reduced glucose, oxidative stress, IL-1 β , and iNOS gene expression and increased testosterone and sperm quality. So, the results suggest that garlic can reduce the severity of damage in testicular tissues of diabetic rats through its hypoglycemic, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Lotfi
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Nasrin Ziamajidi
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Roghayeh Abbasalipourkabir
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Mohammad Taghi Goodarzi
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
- Department of Biochemistry, Shahrood Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shahrood, Iran
| | - Sara Soleimani Asl
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
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Son Y, Lee H, Son SY, Lee CH, Kim SY, Lim Y. Ameliorative Effect of Annona muricata (Graviola) Extract on Hyperglycemia Induced Hepatic Damage in Type 2 Diabetic Mice. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10101546. [PMID: 34679681 PMCID: PMC8532999 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10101546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Revised: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Annona muricata (AM) is evergreen plant of the Annonaceae family and known to have anticancer and antidiabetic effects. However, anti-diabetic mechanisms of AM extracts (AME) associated with hepatic glucose regulation and lipid metabolism remain unclear. In this study, we investigated the protective effect of AME extracted on hepatic damage in diabetic mice. Diabetes was induced by a high-fat diet with two-times streptozotocin (STZ) injection (60 mg/kg BW) in C57BL/6 male mice. The diabetic mice were daily administered with AME (50 or 100 mg/kg BW) by gavage for 9 weeks. Biomarkers related to energy metabolism and insulin signaling were examined to identify the effect of AME on hyperglycemia induced hepatic damage. AME supplementation reduced levels of FBG, HbA1c, HOMA-IR and hepatic lipid profiles as well as enhanced insulin signaling by increased the protein levels of IRS-1 accompanied GLUT2 in diabetic mice. Especially low dose of AME showed the beneficial effect of reducing oxidative stress (4-HNE, protein carbonyls, Nrf2, NQO1) and improved hepatic morphology demonstrated by lipid droplets along with upregulation of lipophagy (pAMPK, p-mTOR/mTOR, LC3-2/LC3-1) in diabetic mice. Moreover, AME supplementation ameliorated hepatic lipid metabolism (FAS, SREBP1c, C/EBPα, PPARγ, CPT1A, PPARα) and energy metabolism (pAMPK, PGC1α) in diabetic mice. Taken together, this study suggested that AME could be helpful to prevent hepatic abnormality by regulation of insulin signaling associated with energy metabolism and autophagy in diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiseul Son
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyung Hee-Daero, Seoul 02447, Korea; (Y.S.); (H.L.)
| | - Heaji Lee
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyung Hee-Daero, Seoul 02447, Korea; (Y.S.); (H.L.)
| | - Su-Young Son
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea; (S.-Y.S.); (C.-H.L.)
| | - Choong-Hwan Lee
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea; (S.-Y.S.); (C.-H.L.)
| | - Sun-Yeou Kim
- Gachon Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, Gachon University, #191, Hambakmoero, Incheon 21936, Korea;
| | - Yunsook Lim
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyung Hee-Daero, Seoul 02447, Korea; (Y.S.); (H.L.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-2-961-0262; Fax: +82-2-961-0260
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12
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Pandit J, Sultana Y, Aqil M. Chitosan coated nanoparticles for efficient delivery of bevacizumab in the posterior ocular tissues via subconjunctival administration. Carbohydr Polym 2021; 267:118217. [PMID: 34119171 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2021.118217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Revised: 05/11/2021] [Accepted: 05/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
In several ocular diseases, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) level has been found to be unregulated. Bevacizumab, an anti-VEGF drug, is the most commonly used off level drug for diabetic retinopathy (DR). The present study was to evaluate the chitosan-coated poly (lactide-co-glycolic acid) nanoparticles (CS-PLGA NPs) for sustained and effective delivery of bevacizumab to posterior ocular tissues. The penetration of NP through sclera was studied by confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). For pharmacokinetic study, bevacizumab loaded NPs were administered into the rat eye through subconjunctival injection (SCJ) and pharmacokinetic parameters were compared to drug solution. CLSM and pharmacokinetic study showed better penetration of formulation and higher concentration of bevacizumab in posterior ocular tissues. In retinopathy model, CS-PLGA NPs by SCJ route showed more reduction of VEGF level in retina than the topical and intravitreal administration of formulation. Thus, CS-coated PLGA NPs can be potentially useful as carriers to target retina.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jayamanti Pandit
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Education & Research, Jamia Hamdard, Hamdard Nagar, New Delhi, India
| | - Yasmin Sultana
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Education & Research, Jamia Hamdard, Hamdard Nagar, New Delhi, India.
| | - Mohd Aqil
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Education & Research, Jamia Hamdard, Hamdard Nagar, New Delhi, India
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13
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Ajayi AM, Adedapo ADA, Badaki VB, Oyagbemi AA, Adedapo AA. Chrysophyllum albidum fruit ethanol extract ameliorates hyperglycaemia and elevated blood pressure in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats through modulation of oxidative stress, NF-κB and PPAR-γ. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 141:111879. [PMID: 34225016 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.111879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Revised: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress and inflammation arising from hyperglycaemia have been identified as important targets in mitigating hyperglycaemia-induced organ dysfunction in diabetics. Chrysophyllum albidum fruit is commonly consumed as fruit snacks because of its beneficial effects in diabetes management. This study aim to evaluate the protective mechanisms of Chrysophyllum albidum fruit extract (CAFE) in streptozotocin-induced rats involving attenuation of oxidative stress, nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma (PPAR-γ). CAFE was investigated for in vitro antioxidant and alpha amylase inhibitory activity. Male Wistar rats were made diabetic by single intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (60 mg/kg). The rats were then treated with CAFE (100 and 200 mg/kg) and pioglitazone (10 mg/kg) for two weeks. Fasting blood sugar (FBS), blood pressure parameters, lipid profile, oxidative stress parameters, NF-κB and PPAR-γ were determined. The extract showed antioxidant and alpha amylase inhibitory activities. CAFE significantly reduced STZ-induced hyperglycaemia after 7 and 14 days of treatment. CAFE also reduced STZ-induced elevation of diastolic blood pressure and mean arterial pressure and as well reduced atherogenic index in diabetic rats. It significantly decreased lipid peroxidation but increased the enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant markers in the plasma, liver, kidney and pancreas. The immunohistochemical analysis revealed that CAFE significantly decreased hepatic and renal tissues NF-κB while increasing PPAR-γ gene expressions. The results of this study collectively showed the protective effect of Chrysophyllum albidum fruit extract in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats via modulation of oxidative stress and NF-κB/ PPAR-γ expressions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abayomi M Ajayi
- Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria.
| | - Aduragbenro D A Adedapo
- Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria.
| | - Victoria B Badaki
- Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria.
| | | | - Adeolu A Adedapo
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria.
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14
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Veisi S, Sarkheil M, Johari SA, Safari O. Dietary supplementation with melatonin: influence on growth performance, oxidative stress status, and amelioration of silver nanoparticles-induced toxicity in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). Trop Anim Health Prod 2021; 53:314. [PMID: 33970357 DOI: 10.1007/s11250-021-02760-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2020] [Accepted: 05/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Excessive use of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) due to antibacterial properties can raise concerns about their release into environment and potential toxicity in aquatic organisms. Melatonin has several physiological functions especially antioxidant potential against oxidative stress. The current study was conducted to investigate the potential effects of two doses of dietary melatonin on growth performance, plasma biochemistry, and liver enzyme activity in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) juveniles. We also investigated the potential ameliorative effect of melatonin in AgNPs-induced biochemical alterations in tilapia fish. The results showed that melatonin-supplemented diets had no significant effect on growth performance of fish (P>0.05). The liver GPx activity increased in fish fed melatonin-supplemented diets (P<0.05), but the SOD activity showed no significant difference in comparison with the control (P>0.05). The administration of melatonin-supplemented diets reduced the activity of liver MDA compared to the control (P<0.05). Feeding fish with high melatonin-supplemented diet (200 mg kg-1 of diet) decreased the plasma glucose, total protein, and AST levels (P<0.05). The liver GPx and SOD activities were higher in high melatonin-treated fish exposed to AgNPs than the control group (P<0.05). Dietary melatonin decreased the liver MDA activity in AgNPs-exposed fish. The plasma glucose, AST, and ALT levels in melatonin-treated fish exposed to AgNPs decreased compared to the untreated exposed fish (P<0.05). Melatonin-treated fish exposed to 0.05 and 0.5 mg L-1 of AgNPs had lower plasma LDH level than the control group (P<0.05). The results showed that consumption of melatonin-supplemented diets could modulate some of the biochemical indices of plasma and liver in Nile tilapia. The findings also indicated the ameliorative effect of dietary melatonin on AgNPs-induced toxicity in Nile tilapia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shakila Veisi
- Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Kurdistan, Sanandaj, Kurdistan, Iran
| | - Mehrdad Sarkheil
- Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Natural Resources and Environment, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, P.B, Mashhad, 91773-1363, Iran.
| | - Seyed Ali Johari
- Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Kurdistan, Sanandaj, Kurdistan, Iran
| | - Omid Safari
- Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Natural Resources and Environment, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, P.B, Mashhad, 91773-1363, Iran
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15
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Rahbarghazi A, Siahkouhian M, Rahbarghazi R, Ahmadi M, Bolboli L, Mahdipour M, Haghighi L, Hassanpour M, Sokouti Nasimi F, Keyhanmanesh R. Melatonin and prolonged physical activity attenuated the detrimental effects of diabetic condition on murine cardiac tissue. Tissue Cell 2021; 69:101486. [PMID: 33453677 DOI: 10.1016/j.tice.2021.101486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2020] [Revised: 01/04/2021] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
In this study, the combined effects of four-week swimming training and melatonin were examined on the oxidative response, inflammation, apoptosis, and angiogenesis capacity of cardiac tissue in the mouse model of diabetes. The mice were randomly allocated into five groups (n = 10 per group) as follows: Control; Diabetic group; Diabetic + Melatonin group; Diabetic + Exercise group; and Diabetic + Exercise + Melatonin group. 50 mg/kg streptozotocin was intraperitoneally administrated. In melatonin-treated groups, melatonin was injected intraperitoneally at 3 mg/kg body weight for four weeks and twice weekly. Swimming exercises were performed for four weeks. We measured cardiac superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase enzymes, malondialdehyde, and total antioxidant capacity. The expression of tumor necrosis factor-α, Caspase‑3, Sirtuin1, and Connexin-43 was measured using real-time PCR analysis. The vascular density was analyzed by immunohistochemistry using CD31 and α-smooth muscle actin antibodies. The combination of melatonin and exercise elevated cardiac superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase coincided with the reduction of malondialdehyde and increase of total antioxidant capacity as compared to the diabetic mice (p < 0.05). In Diabetic + Exercise + Melatonin mice, tumor necrosis factor-α, Caspase‑3 was significantly down-regulated compared to the Diabetic group (p < 0.05). Melatonin and exercise suppressed the expression of Connexin-43 and Sirtuin1 in diabetic mice in comparison with the control mice (p < 0.05). H & E staining showed necrosis and focal hyperemia reduction in the Diabetic + Exercise + Melatonin group compared to the Diabetic group. Data showed a decrease of CD31+ and α-smooth muscle actin+ vessels in the Diabetic group as compared to the normal samples (p < 0.05). The number of CD31+ vessels, but not α-smooth muscle actin+ type, increased in the Diabetic + Exercise + Melatonin group compared to the Diabetic mice. These data demonstrated that exercise along with melatonin administration could diminish the detrimental effects of diabetes on cardiac tissue via using different mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Afshin Rahbarghazi
- Department of Physical Education and Sports Sciences, Faculty of Educational Science and Psychology, University of Mohaghegh Ardabil, Ardabil, Iran; Tuberculosis and Lung Disease Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Marefat Siahkouhian
- Department of Physical Education and Sports Sciences, Faculty of Educational Science and Psychology, University of Mohaghegh Ardabil, Ardabil, Iran.
| | - Reza Rahbarghazi
- Tuberculosis and Lung Disease Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Mahdi Ahmadi
- Tuberculosis and Lung Disease Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Lotfali Bolboli
- Department of Physical Education and Sports Sciences, Faculty of Educational Science and Psychology, University of Mohaghegh Ardabil, Ardabil, Iran
| | - Mahdi Mahdipour
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Leila Haghighi
- Department of Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehdi Hassanpour
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | - Rana Keyhanmanesh
- Tuberculosis and Lung Disease Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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16
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Abdulwahab DA, El-Missiry MA, Shabana S, Othman AI, Amer ME. Melatonin protects the heart and pancreas by improving glucose homeostasis, oxidative stress, inflammation and apoptosis in T2DM-induced rats. Heliyon 2021; 7:e06474. [PMID: 33748504 PMCID: PMC7970364 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e06474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2020] [Revised: 12/11/2020] [Accepted: 03/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiomyopathy and pancreatic injury are health issues associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and are characterized by elevated oxidative stress, inflammation and apoptosis. Melatonin (MLT) is a hormone with multifunctional antioxidant activity. The protective effects of MLT on the heart and pancreas during the early development of diabetic cardiomyopathy and pancreatic injury were investigated in male Wistar rats with T2DM. MLT (10 mg/kg) was administered daily by gavage for 15 days after diabetic induction. Treatment of diabetic rats with MLT significantly normalized the levels of serum glucose, HbA1-c, and the lipid profile and improved the insulin levels and insulin resistance compared with diabetic rats, affirming its antidiabetic effect. MLT significantly prevented the development of oxidative stress and sustained the levels of glutathione and glutathione peroxidase activity in the heart and pancreas of diabetic animals, indicating its antioxidant capacity. Additionally, MLT prevented the increase in proinflammatory cytokines and expression of Bax, caspase-3 and P53. Furthermore, MLT enhanced the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 and antiapoptotic protein Bcl-2. MLT controlled the levels of troponin T and creatine kinase-MB and lactate dehydrogenase activity, indicating its anti-inflammatory and antiapoptotic effects. Histological examinations confirmed the protective effects of MLT on T2DM-induced injury in the myocardium, pancreas and islets of Langerhans. In conclusion, the protective effects of melatonin on the heart and pancreas during the early development of T2DM are attributed to its antihyperglycemic, antilipidemic and antioxidant influences as well as its remarkable anti-inflammatory and antiapoptotic properties.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Sameh Shabana
- Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Azza I. Othman
- Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Maggie E. Amer
- Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
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17
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Dehdashtian E, Pourhanifeh MH, Hemati K, Mehrzadi S, Hosseinzadeh A. Therapeutic application of nutraceuticals in diabetic nephropathy: Current evidence and future implications. Diabetes Metab Res Rev 2020; 36:e3336. [PMID: 32415805 DOI: 10.1002/dmrr.3336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2019] [Revised: 05/06/2020] [Accepted: 05/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a common metabolic disease which may cause several complications, such as diabetic nephropathy (DN). The routine medical treatments used for DM are not effective enough and have many undesirable side effects. Moreover, the global increased prevalence of DM makes researchers try to explore potential complementary or alternative treatments. Nutraceuticals, as natural products with pharmaceutical agents, have a wide range of therapeutic properties in various pathologic conditions such as DN. However, the exact underlying mechanisms have not been fully understood. The purpose of this review is to summarize recent findings on the effect of nutraceuticals on DN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ehsan Dehdashtian
- School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hossein Pourhanifeh
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Karim Hemati
- Department of Anesthesiology, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Saeed Mehrzadi
- Razi Drug Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Azam Hosseinzadeh
- Razi Drug Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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18
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Piragine E, Calderone V. Pharmacological modulation of the hydrogen sulfide (H 2 S) system by dietary H 2 S-donors: A novel promising strategy in the prevention and treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Phytother Res 2020; 35:1817-1846. [PMID: 33118671 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.6923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Revised: 09/15/2020] [Accepted: 10/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) represents the most common age-related metabolic disorder, and its management is becoming both a health and economic issue worldwide. Moreover, chronic hyperglycemia represents one of the main risk factors for cardiovascular complications. In the last years, the emerging evidence about the role of the endogenous gasotransmitter hydrogen sulfide (H2 S) in the pathogenesis and progression of T2DM led to increasing interest in the pharmacological modulation of endogenous "H2 S-system". Indeed, H2 S directly contributes to the homeostatic maintenance of blood glucose levels; moreover, it improves impaired angiogenesis and endothelial dysfunction under hyperglycemic conditions. Moreover, H2 S promotes significant antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antiapoptotic effects, thus preventing hyperglycemia-induced vascular damage, diabetic nephropathy, and cardiomyopathy. Therefore, H2 S-releasing molecules represent a promising strategy in both clinical management of T2DM and prevention of macro- and micro-vascular complications associated to hyperglycemia. Recently, growing attention has been focused on dietary organosulfur compounds. Among them, garlic polysulfides and isothiocyanates deriving from Brassicaceae have been recognized as H2 S-donors of great pharmacological and nutraceutical interest. Therefore, a better understanding of the therapeutic potential of naturally occurring H2 S-donors may pave the way to a more rational use of these nutraceuticals in the modulation of H2 S homeostasis in T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Vincenzo Calderone
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy.,Interdepartmental Research Center Nutrafood "Nutraceuticals and Food for Health", University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy.,Interdepartmental Research Centre of Ageing Biology and Pathology, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
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19
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Venditti A, Bianco A. Sulfur-containing Secondary Metabolites as Neuroprotective Agents. Curr Med Chem 2020; 27:4421-4436. [PMID: 30207214 DOI: 10.2174/0929867325666180912105036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2017] [Revised: 08/03/2018] [Accepted: 08/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Sulfur-containing secondary metabolites are a relatively small group of substances of plant origin. The present review is focused on their neuroprotective properties. The results obtained in a series of in vitro and in vivo studies are reported. Among glucosinolates, the wide class of compounds in the sulfur-containing metabolites, glucoraphanin, sulforaphane and isothiocyanates proved to be the more studied in this context and showed interesting properties as modulators of several systems involved in the pathogenesis of neurologic diseases such as oxidative stress, inflammation and apoptosis. Allium sativum L. (garlic) is widely known for its sulfur-containing components endowed with health-promoting activities and its medicinal properties are known from ancient times. In recent studies, garlic components proved active in neuroprotection due to the direct and indirect antioxidant properties, modulation of apoptosis mediators and inhibiting the formation of amyloid protein. Dihydroasparagusic acid, the first dimercaptanic compound isolated from a natural source, effectively inhibited inflammatory and oxidative processes that are important factors for the etiopathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases, not only for its antioxidant and radical scavenging properties but also because it may down-regulate the expression of several microglial-derived inflammatory mediators. Serofendic acid represents a rare case of sulfur-containing animal-derived secondary metabolite isolated from fetal calf serum extract. It proved effective in the suppression of ROS generation and in the expression of several inflammatory and apoptosis mediators and showed a cytotrophic property in astrocytes, promoting the stellation process. Lastly, the properties of hydrogen sulfide were also reported since in recent times it has been recognized as a signaling molecule and as a mediator in regulating neuron death or survival. It may be produced endogenously from cysteine but may also be released by sulfur-containing secondary metabolites, mainly from those present in garlic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Venditti
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Universita di Roma "La Sapienza", Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185, Rome, Italy
| | - Armandodoriano Bianco
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Universita di Roma "La Sapienza", Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185, Rome, Italy
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20
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Mohebbati R, Abbasnezhad A, Havakhah S, Mousavi M. The Effect of Nigella Sativa on Renal Oxidative Injury in Diabetic Rats. SAUDI JOURNAL OF KIDNEY DISEASES AND TRANSPLANTATION 2020; 31:775-786. [PMID: 32801238 DOI: 10.4103/1319-2442.292311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress plays a key role in the evolution of diabetes complications. The current study looked into the potential effects of the hydroalcoholic extract of Nigella sativa on the oxidative injury of the rat kidneys in diabetic animals. The animals were placed into five study groups in a random manner as follows: (1) control, (2) diabetic, (3 and 4) treatment with two doses of N. sativa extract (200 and 400 mg/kg), and (5) treatment with metformin (300 mg/kg). The time course of administration was six weeks. The malondialdehyde (MD A) and total thiol groups, as well as the superoxide dismutase and catalase activities, were also assessed in the renal tissue and lipid profile in serum. In the diabetic groups, the level of MDA significantly increased (P < 0.01) and antioxidant levels decreased compared to the control (P < 0.05). In treated rats with N. sativa, the antioxidant status of renal tissue was improved (P < 0.05 to P < 0.001). The lipid profile also improved in the rats treated with the extract (P < 0.001). Our findings suggest that long-term administration of N. sativa in diabetic rats induced by streptozotocin can improve the status of the oxidative stress in kidney tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reza Mohebbati
- Neurogenic Inflammation Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Abbasali Abbasnezhad
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Gonabad University of Medical Sciences, Gonabad, Iran
| | - Shahrzad Havakhah
- Addiction and Behavioral Sciences Research Center, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, Iran
| | - Mojtaba Mousavi
- Department of Neuroscience, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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21
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Afsar B, Elsurer Afsar R, Sag AA, Kanbay A, Korkmaz H, Cipolla-Neto J, Covic A, Ortiz A, Kanbay M. Sweet dreams: therapeutic insights, targeting imaging and physiologic evidence linking sleep, melatonin and diabetic nephropathy. Clin Kidney J 2020; 13:522-530. [PMID: 32905249 PMCID: PMC7467577 DOI: 10.1093/ckj/sfz198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2019] [Accepted: 12/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Melatonin is the main biochronologic molecular mediator of circadian rhythm and sleep. It is also a powerful antioxidant and has roles in other physiologic pathways. Melatonin deficiency is associated with metabolic derangements including glucose and cholesterol dysregulation, hypertension, disordered sleep and even cancer, likely due to altered immunity. Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a key microvascular complication of both type 1 and 2 diabetes. DN is the end result of a complex combination of metabolic, haemodynamic, oxidative and inflammatory factors. Interestingly, these same factors have been linked to melatonin deficiency. This report will collate in a clinician-oriented fashion the mechanistic link between melatonin deficiency and factors contributing to DN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baris Afsar
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Suleyman Demirel University School of Medicine, Isparta, Turkey
| | - Rengin Elsurer Afsar
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Suleyman Demirel University School of Medicine, Isparta, Turkey
| | - Alan A Sag
- Division of Vascular and Interventional Radiology, Department of Radiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Asiye Kanbay
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Istanbul Medeniyet University School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Hakan Korkmaz
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Suleyman Demirel University School of Medicine, Isparta, Turkey
| | - José Cipolla-Neto
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Adrian Covic
- Dialysis Unit, School of Medicine, IIS-Fundacion Jimenez Diaz, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Alberto Ortiz
- Nephrology Clinic, Dialysis and Renal Transplant Center, ‘C.I. PARHON’ University Hospital and ‘Grigore T. Popa’ University of Medicine, Iasi, Romania
| | - Mehmet Kanbay
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Koç University School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
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22
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Promsan S, Lungkaphin A. The roles of melatonin on kidney injury in obese and diabetic conditions. Biofactors 2020; 46:531-549. [PMID: 32449276 DOI: 10.1002/biof.1637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2020] [Accepted: 04/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Obesity is a common and complex health problem worldwide and can induce the development of Type 2 diabetes. Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a complication occurring as a result of obesity and diabetic conditions that lead to an increased mortality rate. There are several mechanisms and pathways contributing to kidney injury in obese and diabetic conditions. The expansion of adipocytes triggers proinflammatory cytokines release into blood circulation and bind with the receptors at the cell membranes of renal tissues leading to kidney injury. Obesity-mediated inflammation, oxidative stress, apoptosis, and mitochondrial dysfunction are the important causes and progression of CKD. Melatonin (N-acetyl-5-methoxytryptamine) is a neuronal hormone that is synthesized by the pineal gland and plays an essential role in regulating several physiological functions in the human body. Moreover, melatonin has pleiotropic effects such as antioxidant, anti-inflammation, antiapoptosis. In this review, the relationship between obesity, diabetic condition, and kidney injury and the renoprotective effect of melatonin in obese and diabetic conditions from in vitro and in vivo studies have been summarized and discussed.
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MESH Headings
- Adipocytes/drug effects
- Adipocytes/metabolism
- Adipocytes/pathology
- Adipose Tissue/drug effects
- Adipose Tissue/metabolism
- Adipose Tissue/pathology
- Animals
- Anti-Inflammatory Agents/metabolism
- Anti-Inflammatory Agents/pharmacology
- Antioxidants/metabolism
- Antioxidants/pharmacology
- Apoptosis/drug effects
- Cytokines/metabolism
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/drug therapy
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/genetics
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/metabolism
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/pathology
- Epithelial Cells/drug effects
- Epithelial Cells/metabolism
- Epithelial Cells/pathology
- Humans
- Kidney/drug effects
- Kidney/metabolism
- Kidney/pathology
- Melatonin/metabolism
- Melatonin/pharmacology
- Obesity/drug therapy
- Obesity/genetics
- Obesity/metabolism
- Obesity/pathology
- Oxidative Stress/drug effects
- Protective Agents/metabolism
- Protective Agents/pharmacology
- Receptors, Cytokine/genetics
- Receptors, Cytokine/metabolism
- Renal Insufficiency, Chronic/genetics
- Renal Insufficiency, Chronic/metabolism
- Renal Insufficiency, Chronic/pathology
- Renal Insufficiency, Chronic/prevention & control
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Affiliation(s)
- Sasivimon Promsan
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Anusorn Lungkaphin
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
- Center for Research and Development of Natural Products for Health, Chiang Mai University Chiang Mai, Thailand
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Melatonin regulates the expression of inflammatory cytokines, VEGF and apoptosis in diabetic retinopathy in rats. Chem Biol Interact 2020; 327:109183. [PMID: 32554039 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2020.109183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2020] [Revised: 05/23/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The present study analyzed whether melatonin could mediate the expression of VEGF, IL-6 and TNF-α, as well as the apoptotic index in rats with diabetic retinopathy. Fifty Wistar albino rats were divided into the following groups: GC: rats without induction of diabetes by streptozotocin; GD: rats induced to diabetes by streptozotocin and treated with placebo; GDM: rats induced to diabetes by streptozotocin and after confirmation treated with melatonin at a dose of 10 mg/kg for 20 days; GDMS: rats induced to diabetes by streptozotocin and treated simultaneously with melatonin at a dosage of 10 mg/kg for 20 days; GDI: rats induced to diabetes by streptozotocin and after confirmation treated with insulin for 20 days. Diabetes was induced by intraperitoneal injections of streptozotocin (60 mg/kg), and insulin (5 U/day) was administered subcutaneously. For apoptosis TUNEL was used, while for the analysis of VEGF, IL-6 and TNF-α. The results showed that the groups that were treated with melatonin decreased the expression of cytokines and VEGF, in addition to apoptosis. Thus, it is concluded that melatonin can regulate the expression of these factors by improving the condition of the retina in diabetic retinopathy.
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Utilizing Melatonin to Alleviate Side Effects of Chemotherapy: A Potentially Good Partner for Treating Cancer with Ageing. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2020; 2020:6841581. [PMID: 32566095 PMCID: PMC7260648 DOI: 10.1155/2020/6841581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2019] [Revised: 05/14/2019] [Accepted: 05/27/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Persistent senescence seems to exert detrimental effects fostering ageing and age-related disorders, such as cancer. Chemotherapy is one of the most valuable treatments for cancer, but its clinical application is limited due to adverse side effects. Melatonin is a potent antioxidant and antiageing molecule, is nontoxic, and enhances the efficacy and reduces the side effects of chemotherapy. In this review, we first summarize the mitochondrial protective role of melatonin in the context of chemotherapeutic drug-induced toxicity. Thereafter, we tabulate the protective actions of melatonin against ageing and the harmful roles induced by chemotherapy and chemotherapeutic agents, including anthracyclines, alkylating agents, platinum, antimetabolites, mitotic inhibitors, and molecular-targeted agents. Finally, we discuss several novel directions for future research in this area. The information compiled in this review will provide a comprehensive reference for the protective activities of melatonin in the context of chemotherapy drug-induced toxicity and will contribute to the design of future studies and increase the potential of melatonin as a therapeutic agent.
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Naderi R, Pourheydar B, Ghiasi R, Shafiei F. Modulatory effect of tropisetron in the liver of streptozotocin-induced diabetes in rats: biochemical and histological evidence. Horm Mol Biol Clin Investig 2020; 41:hmbci-2020-0002. [PMID: 32364517 DOI: 10.1515/hmbci-2020-0002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2020] [Accepted: 04/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Objectives There is an association between diabetes and liver disorders. Oxidative stress plays a crucial role in the pathology of hepatic abnormalities in diabetes. In this study, the effect of Tropisetron on the oxidative damage and histological alterations in the liver of type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM) were evaluated. Methods Thiry-five male Wistar rats were randomly divided into five experimental groups (n = 7): control (C), tropisetron (T), diabetes (D), diabetes + tropisetron (D + T) and diabetes + glibenclamide (D + G). A single injection of streptozotocin (STZ, 50 mg/kg; i.p) was used to induce diabetes. Tropisetron (3 mg/kg; i.p), as a 5-HT3 receptor antagonist and glibenclamide (1 mg/kg; i.p), as a positive control were given once daily for 2 weeks. Finally, animals were euthanized and liver samples were obtained for histopathological examination and biochemical measurements including malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) levels. Results There is a significant increase in MDA (p < 0.001) level and a significant decrease (p < 0.001) in SOD and GPx contents in diabetic animals. Tropisetron attenuated MDA levels (p < 0.001) and enhanced SOD (p < 0.05) and GPx (p < 0.01) activities accompanied by histopathological improvement in the diabetes liver. Similar results were achieved in the rats treated with the standard drug, namely: glibenclamide. Conclusions Our findings indicate that tropisetron mitigates liver damage in the diabetes rats in part by attenuation of oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roya Naderi
- Nephrology and Kidney Transplant Research Center, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Islamic Republic of Iran.,Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Bagher Pourheydar
- Neurophysiology Research Center, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Islamic Republic of Iran.,Department of Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Rafigheh Ghiasi
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Islamic Republic of Iran.,Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Fardin Shafiei
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Islamic Republic of Iran
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The Effect of Hydro-Alcoholic Extract of Pumpkin Seeds on Estrogen Levels and Kidney Markers in Adult Female Rats. IRANIAN RED CRESCENT MEDICAL JOURNAL 2020. [DOI: 10.5812/ircmj.98864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Pourhanifeh MH, Hosseinzadeh A, Dehdashtian E, Hemati K, Mehrzadi S. Melatonin: new insights on its therapeutic properties in diabetic complications. Diabetol Metab Syndr 2020; 12:30. [PMID: 32280378 PMCID: PMC7140344 DOI: 10.1186/s13098-020-00537-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2020] [Accepted: 03/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetes and diabetic complications are considered as leading causes of both morbidity and mortality in the world. Unfortunately, routine medical treatments used for affected patients possess undesirable side effects, including kidney and liver damages as well as gastrointestinal adverse reactions. Therefore, exploring the novel therapeutic strategies for diabetic patients is a crucial issue. It has been recently shown that melatonin, as main product of the pineal gland, despite its various pharmacological features including anticancer, anti-aging, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects, exerts anti-diabetic properties through regulating various cellular mechanisms. The aim of the present review is to describe potential roles of melatonin in the treatment of diabetes and its complications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Azam Hosseinzadeh
- Razi Drug Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ehsan Dehdashtian
- School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Karim Hemati
- Department of Anesthesiology, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Saeed Mehrzadi
- Razi Drug Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Xie Y, Zhang Y, Su X. Antidiabetic and Hypolipidemic Effects of 5,7-Dimethoxyflavone in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats. Med Sci Monit 2019; 25:9893-9901. [PMID: 31869828 PMCID: PMC6939444 DOI: 10.12659/msm.918794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The flavones are considered as competent antidiabetic molecules due to their strong antioxidant activities and higher in vivo stability. The present study evaluated the antidiabetic and hypolipidemic effects of 5,7-dimethoxyflavone in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rat models. Material/Methods The antidiabetic potential of 5,7-dimethoxyflavone was evaluated in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. The serum levels of triglyceride, total cholesterol, and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol were measured using the Randox assay kit. Histopathological examination was carried out by hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining. Results Oral administration of 5,7-dimethoxyflavone significantly reduced STZ-induced enhancement in blood sugar and glycosylated hemoglobin, as well as significant increases in C-peptide, insulin, hemoglobin, and total protein content (p<0.05). Additionally, treatment with 5,7-dimethoxyflavone resulted in a remarkable increase in non-enzymic antioxidants. Administration of 5,7-dimethoxyflavone had a hypolipidemic effect by significantly reducing levels of serum triglycerides, total cholesterol, and low-density lipoproteins. The histopathological examination of rat pancreases revealed the beneficial effect of 5,7-dimethoxyflavone and protection of β cell integrity in STZ-induced diabetic rats. Conclusions These findings reflect the antidiabetic and hypolipidemic effects of 5,7-dimethoxyflavone, suggesting that 5,7-dimethoxyflavone may be a promising compound for use in development of new antidiabetic drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongli Xie
- Department of Endocrinology, Jiangxi Pingxiang People's Hospital, Pingxiang, Jiangxi, China (mainland)
| | - Yawei Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, Jiangxi Pingxiang People's Hospital, Pingxiang, Jiangxi, China (mainland)
| | - Xiaoqing Su
- Department of Endocrinology, Jiangxi Pingxiang People's Hospital, Pingxiang, Jiangxi, China (mainland)
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Khorsand M, Akmali M, Akhzari M. Efficacy of melatonin in restoring the antioxidant status in the lens of diabetic rats induced by streptozotocin. J Diabetes Metab Disord 2019; 18:543-549. [PMID: 31890680 DOI: 10.1007/s40200-019-00445-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2018] [Accepted: 09/23/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Background Melatonin is a well-known free radical scavenger. The present study aimed to investigate the effects of melatonin treatment on the antioxidant status in the lenticular tissue of streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats. Methods Thirty-four male rats were randomly divided into four groups as follows: healthy control rats (group 1, n = 10); diabetic control rats (group 2, n = 10); melatonin-treated (5 mg/kg·day) diabetic rats (group 3, n = 10) and melatonin-treated (5 mg/kg·day) healthy rats (group 4, n = 4). Diabetes was induced by injection of streptozotocin (50 mg/kg, ip). Following 8-weeks of melatonin treatment, all rats were killed and the blood plasma and their lenses were stored at -70 °C for antioxidant enzyme activities assay and biochemical determination. Results The plasma glucose and lens malondialdehyde (MDA) increased significantly in the rats of group 2 as compared to the group 1. Also, a significant decrease in the levels of catalase (CAT) and glutathione reductase (GR) activities in the lenses and plasma reduced glutathione (GSH) was found. However, the levels of lenticular MDA (not significant) and the plasma glucose significantly decreased in the rats of group 3 compared to the group 2. Besides, the levels of CAT, GR in the rats lens and plasma GSH increased significantly. Conclusion Diabetes mellitus induced hyperglycemia and oxidative stress, whereas melatonin decreased the blood glucose levels and lipid peroxidation and increased the activities of antioxidant enzymes in diabetic rat lenses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marjan Khorsand
- 1Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Fars-shiraz-meshkinfam St.-paramedical school-Department of laboratory sciences, Yazd, Iran
- 2Department of Biochemistry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Medical School, P.O box: 71345 1167, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Masoumeh Akmali
- 2Department of Biochemistry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Medical School, P.O box: 71345 1167, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Morteza Akhzari
- 2Department of Biochemistry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Medical School, P.O box: 71345 1167, Shiraz, Iran
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Singhal T, Mujeeb M, Ahad A, Aqil M, Rahman SO, Najmi AK, Siddiqui WA. Preparation, optimization and biological evaluation of gymnemic acid loaded niosomes against streptozotocin-nicotinamide induced diabetic-nephropathy in Wistar rats. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2019.101328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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Espino J, Rodríguez AB, Pariente JA. Melatonin and Oxidative Stress in the Diabetic State: Clinical Implications and Potential Therapeutic Applications. Curr Med Chem 2019; 26:4178-4190. [PMID: 29637854 DOI: 10.2174/0929867325666180410094149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2016] [Revised: 12/07/2017] [Accepted: 12/07/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
All living organisms exhibit circadian rhythms, which govern the majority of biological functions, including metabolic processes. Misalignment of these circadian rhythms increases the risk of developing metabolic diseases. Thus, disruption of the circadian system has been proven to affect the onset of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). In this context, the pineal indoleamine melatonin is a signaling molecule able to entrain circadian rhythms. There is mounting evidence that suggests a link between disturbances in melatonin production and impaired insulin, glucose, lipid metabolism, and antioxidant capacity. Besides, several genetic association studies have causally associated various single nucleotide polymorphysms (SNPs) of the human MT2 receptor with increased risk of developing T2DM. Taken together, these data suggest that endogenous as well as exogenous melatonin may influence diabetes and associated metabolic disturbances not only by regulating insulin secretion but also by providing protection against reactive oxygen species (ROS) since pancreatic β-cells are very susceptible to oxidative stress due to their low antioxidant capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier Espino
- Department of Physiology (Neuroimmunophysiology and Chrononutrition Research Group), Faculty of Science, University of Extremadura, Badajoz, Spain
| | - Ana B Rodríguez
- Department of Physiology (Neuroimmunophysiology and Chrononutrition Research Group), Faculty of Science, University of Extremadura, Badajoz, Spain
| | - José A Pariente
- Department of Physiology (Neuroimmunophysiology and Chrononutrition Research Group), Faculty of Science, University of Extremadura, Badajoz, Spain
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Protein Isolate from Parkia biglobosa Seeds Improves Dyslipidaemia and Cardiac Oxidative Stress in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats. Antioxidants (Basel) 2019; 8:antiox8100481. [PMID: 31614841 PMCID: PMC6826478 DOI: 10.3390/antiox8100481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2019] [Revised: 09/05/2019] [Accepted: 09/17/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Reports from previous studies now provide evidence that dyslipidaemia and oxidative stress play crucial roles in the pathogenesis and progression of diabetes and its related complications. This research is aimed to investigate the potential effects of protein isolate from Parkia biglobosa seeds (PBPI) in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats by measuring blood glucose levels, changes in lipid metabolism and biomarkers of oxidative stress. Diabetic rats were treated orally with graded doses of PBPI, 200 mg/kg bw and 400 mg/kg bw, and 5 U/kg, intraperitoneal (i.p.) of insulin once daily for 28 days with the fasting blood glucose (FBG) monitored weekly. The effect of PBPI on the serum lipid profile was measured while the extent of lipid peroxidation (LPO), as well as antioxidant parameters (superoxide dismutase; SOD, catalase; CAT, glutathione-S-transferase; GST and total glutathione; total GSH), was determined in the cardiac homogenates of diabetic rats. At the tested doses, treatment with PBPI was significantly effective in lowering FBG, serum triglyceride, cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c) and very low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (VLDL-c), while concurrently increasing high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c). PBPI also significantly decreased the elevations witnessed in LPO levels and restored the biomarkers of oxidative stress in the cardiac homogenate of experimental rats. The results from this study demonstrate that PBPI could improve dyslipidaemia and cardiac oxidative stress in the experimental diabetic animal model possibly by reducing and effectively scavenging reactive oxygen species (ROS) production as well as by increasing antioxidant capacity in combating oxidative stress. Therefore, it can be concluded that PBPI could be explored in the development of a potent cardioprotective supplement or adjuvant therapy towards the management of diabetes and its related complications.
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Faran SA, Asghar S, Khalid SH, Khan IU, Asif M, Khalid I, Gohar UF, Hussain T. Hepatoprotective and Renoprotective Properties of Lovastatin-Loaded Ginger and Garlic Oil Nanoemulsomes: Insights into Serum Biological Parameters. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2019; 55:E579. [PMID: 31505863 PMCID: PMC6780118 DOI: 10.3390/medicina55090579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2019] [Revised: 08/29/2019] [Accepted: 09/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Dyslipidemia is gaining much attention among healthcare professionals because of its high association with the malfunctioning of a number of normal physiological and metabolic processes in the body. Obesity is directly interconnected with dyslipidemia and is said to be a denouement of hyperlipidemia and, if left untreated, may lead to intense damage to organs that are directly involved in fat metabolism. The objective of this study was to investigate the synergistic antiobesity and anti-hyperlipidemic activities along with hepato- and renoprotective potential of nanoemulsomes (NES) of lovastatin (LTN)-loaded ginger (GR) and garlic (GL) oils. Materials and Methods: LTN nanoemulsomes co-encapsulated with GR oil and GL oil were prepared by a thin hydration technique. Eight-week-old male Wistar rats weighing 200-250 g were induced with hyperlipidemia via a high-fat diet (HFD) comprising 40% beef tallow. Body weight, serum biochemical lipid parameters, and those for liver and kidney functions, serum TC, LDL-C, vLDL-C, HDL-C, TG, atherogenic index (AI), ALT, AFT, ALP, γ-GT, total protein (TP), serum albumin and globulin ratio (A/G), serum creatinine, blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and blood urea, and histopathology of hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) stained liver and kidney sections of all aforementioned groups were examined in the treated animals. Results: Nanoemulsomes of LTN-loaded GR and GL oils provided synergistic effects with LTN, exerted better ameliorative actions in reducing serum TC, LDL-C, vLDL-C, triglycerides, and AI, and improved serum HDL-C levels. Serum ALT, AST, ALP, and γ-GT levels were in the normal range for nanoemulsome groups. H&E stained liver and kidney sections of these animals confirmed better hepatoprotective and renoprotective effects than LTN alone. Serum biochemical parameters for renal functions also claimed to be in the moderate range for nanoemulsome-treated groups. Conclusion: This study demonstrated that nanoemulsomes of LTN-loaded GR and GL oils synergistically provided better antihyperlipidemic, hepatoprotective, and renoprotective effects as compared to LTN alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syed Ali Faran
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Sajid Asghar
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan.
| | - Syed Haroon Khalid
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Ikram Ullah Khan
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Asif
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Ikrima Khalid
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Umar Farooq Gohar
- Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Government College University Lahore, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
| | - Tanveer Hussain
- Faculty of Engineering and Technology, National Textile University, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan.
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Salehi M, Mesgarani A, Karimipour S, Pasha SZ, Kashi Z, Abedian S, Mousazadeh M, Molania T. Comparison of Salivary Cortisol Level in Type 2 Diabetic Patients and Pre-Diabetics with Healthy People. Open Access Maced J Med Sci 2019; 7:2321-2327. [PMID: 31592281 PMCID: PMC6765085 DOI: 10.3889/oamjms.2019.340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2019] [Revised: 05/05/2019] [Accepted: 05/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Cortisol is one of the important enzymes of saliva. Control of this hormone is an effective way to adjust the glucose level in diabetic patients. AIM: The aim of this research is to compare the salivary cortisol level in type 2 diabetic patients and pre-diabetics with healthy people. METHODS: In this case-control study (2018), the unstimulated salivary samples were collected from 44 patients with type 2 diabetes, 44 pre-diabetic people (case group), and 44 healthy subjects (control group), matched for age and gender. The samples were transferred to the laboratory, and salivary cortisol level was measured using ELISA. Data were analysed using SPSS 22 and Chi 2 tests. RESULTS: The mean salivary cortisol level in type 2 diabetic patients was 3.14 ± 1.17, in pre-diabetic cases was 1.83 ± 0.68, and in healthy controls was 0.86 ± 0.43 (P < 0.001). The mean DMFT in type 2 diabetic patients was 19.6 ± 6.5, in the pre-diabetic group was 13.43 ± 4.5, and in healthy controls was 9.38 ± 3.72 (P < 0.001). CONCLUSION: With regards to the results, salivary cortisol level in type 2 diabetic patients is more than pre-diabetic people, and in pre-diabetic people is more than healthy people. Also, there was a significant relation between salivary cortisol level and DMFT index.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maedeh Salehi
- Department of Oral Medicine, Faculty of Dentistry, Mazandaran University of Medical Science, Sari, Iran
| | - Abbas Mesgarani
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Soosan Karimipour
- Faculty of Dentistry, Mazandaran University of Medical Science, Sari, Iran
| | - Shaghayegh Zahed Pasha
- Department of Oral Medicine, Faculty of Dentistry, Mazandaran University of Medical Science, Sari, Iran
| | - Zahra Kashi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Diabetes Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Science, Sari, Iran
| | - Saeed Abedian
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Immunogenetics Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Mahmoud Mousazadeh
- Health Sciences Research Center, Addiction Institute, Mazandaran University of Medical Science, Sari, Iran
| | - Tahereh Molania
- Department of Oral Medicine, Faculty of Dentistry, Mazandaran University of Medical Science, Sari, Iran
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Ben Lamine J, Boujbiha MA, Dahane S, Cherifa AB, Khlifi A, Chahdoura H, Yakoubi MT, Ferchichi S, El Ayeb N, Achour L. α-Amylase and α-glucosidase inhibitor effects and pancreatic response to diabetes mellitus on Wistar rats of Ephedra alata areal part decoction with immunohistochemical analyses. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 26:9739-9754. [PMID: 30729433 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-04339-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2018] [Accepted: 01/22/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Ephedra alata, known as a medicinal plant in China, was used in this study as aqueous extract from aerial parts, for diabetes mellitus treatment. This study was carried out on two parts, in vitro, we tested the effect of the studied extract on the inhibition of α-glucosidase and α-amylase activities, and in vivo on Wistar male rats receiving alloxan intraperitoneally at a rate of 125 mg/kg. Extract (100, 200, and 300 mg/kg of body weight) was administrated for 28 days by oral gavage. Blood glucose, amylase, lipase, and lipid profile level were determined. Oxidative stress was evaluated by enzymatic activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and by estimation of lipid peroxidation and protein carbonyl (PC) level. Histopathological changes in pancreas were investigated under photonic microscopy using immunohistochemical procedure. Our findings showed that aqueous extract inhibited in vitro both α-glucosidase and α-amylase activities and its use in vivo at 300 mg/kg of body weight restored pancreas weight and weight gain, ameliorated significantly (p ˂ 0.05) biochemical parameters; it prevented the increase in lipid and protein oxidation and the decrease in enzymatic and non-enzymatic defense system. Histological study of treated animals showed a comparable healed regeneration of beta cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jihene Ben Lamine
- Institut Supérieur de Biotechnologie de Monastir, Laboratoire de Recherche : Bioressources, Biologie Intégrative & Valorisation, Université de Monastir, LR14ES06, BP 74, 5000, Monastir, Tunisia.
- Faculté des Sciences de Tunis, Université de Tunis El Manar, 2092, Tunis, Tunisia.
| | - Mouhamed Ali Boujbiha
- Institut Supérieur de Biotechnologie de Monastir, Laboratoire de Recherche : Bioressources, Biologie Intégrative & Valorisation, Université de Monastir, LR14ES06, BP 74, 5000, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Sabra Dahane
- Institut Supérieur de Biotechnologie de Monastir, Laboratoire de Recherche : Bioressources, Biologie Intégrative & Valorisation, Université de Monastir, LR14ES06, BP 74, 5000, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Amal Ben Cherifa
- Institut Supérieur de Biotechnologie de Monastir, Laboratoire de Recherche : Bioressources, Biologie Intégrative & Valorisation, Université de Monastir, LR14ES06, BP 74, 5000, Monastir, Tunisia
- Faculté des Sciences de Gabes, Université de Gabes, Gabes, Tunisia
| | - Aida Khlifi
- Institut Supérieur de Biotechnologie de Monastir, Laboratoire de Recherche : Bioressources, Biologie Intégrative & Valorisation, Université de Monastir, LR14ES06, BP 74, 5000, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Hassiba Chahdoura
- Institut Supérieur de Biotechnologie de Monastir, Laboratoire de Recherche : Bioressources, Biologie Intégrative & Valorisation, Université de Monastir, LR14ES06, BP 74, 5000, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Mouhamed Taher Yakoubi
- Laboratoire d'anatomie et pathologie, Centre Hôpital Universitaire Farhat Hached, Sousse, Tunisia
| | - Salima Ferchichi
- Laboratoire de biochimie, Centre Hôpital Universitaire Farhat Hached, Sousse, Tunisia
| | - Nacer El Ayeb
- Institut Supérieur de Biotechnologie de Monastir, Laboratoire de Recherche : Bioressources, Biologie Intégrative & Valorisation, Université de Monastir, LR14ES06, BP 74, 5000, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Lotfi Achour
- Institut Supérieur de Biotechnologie de Monastir, Laboratoire de Recherche : Bioressources, Biologie Intégrative & Valorisation, Université de Monastir, LR14ES06, BP 74, 5000, Monastir, Tunisia
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Bhattacharya S, Maji U, Khan GA, Das R, Sinha AK, Ghosh C, Maiti S. Antidiabetic role of a novel protein from garlic via NO in expression of Glut-4/insulin in liver of alloxan induced diabetic mice. Biomed Pharmacother 2019; 111:1302-1314. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2019.01.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2018] [Revised: 01/02/2019] [Accepted: 01/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
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Shabani E, Sayemiri K, Mohammadpour M. The effect of garlic on lipid profile and glucose parameters in diabetic patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Prim Care Diabetes 2019; 13:28-42. [PMID: 30049636 DOI: 10.1016/j.pcd.2018.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2018] [Revised: 06/13/2018] [Accepted: 07/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Several studies have been published about the effect of garlic on lipid profile and blood glucose in diabetic patients. Which, the results mostly contradict with each other. This study aimed to investigate the effect of garlic on lipid profile and serum glucose levels in diabetic patients using a systematic review and meta-analysis. METHODS This study was a systematic review and meta-analysis of articles published between 1988 and 2016. For this purpose, two independent researchers searched SID medical information databases including MagIran, Irandoc, Medlib, Iran Medex, Science Direct, Scopus, Google and PubMed using keywords. Data were analyzed using STATA software. RESULTS After the initial search, 23,000 articles were found, of which 33 had the required criteria for the meta-analysis. In the present study, the total sample under review was 1273 individuals, with a mean of 39 samples per study. Overall, the garlic was more influential than placebo in reducing the levels of lipid parameters including triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (TC), high density lipoprotein (HDL), low density lipoprotein (LDL), and fasting blood sugar (FBS) and HbA1C. In the meta-analysis, the concentration of serum TC, LDL, TG, and HDL in the group receiving garlic compared with the placebo showed a significant decreased for 16.87mg/dl (95% CI, -21.01, -12.73) (P=0.001), 9.65mg/dl (95% CI, -15.07, -4.23) (P=0.001), 12.44mg/dl (95% CI, -18.19, -6.69) (P=0.001), and increased for 3.19mg/dl (95% CI, 1.85, 4.53) (P=0.001), respectively. Also, the concentration of serum FBS and HbA1C serum showed a significant decreased for 10.90mg/dl (95% CI, -16.40, -5.40) (P=0.001) and 0.60mg/dl (95% CI, -0.98, -0.22) (P=0.001), respectively. CONCLUSION Garlic can reduce lipid profile as well as glucose parameters and be therapeutically effective in patients suffering from cardiovascular diseases and diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ehsan Shabani
- MSc. Epidemiology Student Research Committee, Faculty of Health, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran.
| | - Korosh Sayemiri
- Psychosocial Injuries Research Centre, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran
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Oluba OM, Adebiyi FD, Dada AA, Ajayi AA, Adebisi KE, Josiah SJ, Odutuga AA. Effects of Talinum triangulare leaf flavonoid extract on streptozotocin-induced hyperglycemia and associated complications in rats. Food Sci Nutr 2019; 7:385-394. [PMID: 30847115 PMCID: PMC6392853 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2018] [Revised: 07/11/2018] [Accepted: 07/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Talinum triangulare leaf flavonoid extract (TTFE) was evaluated for its effects on streptozotocin-hyperglycemia and associated complications especially as it relates to dyslipidemia, lipid peroxidation, and renal dysfunction in rats. Two normoglycemic rat groups designated: control (administered distilled water) and control + TTFE (administered 10 mg/kg b.w. TTFE) and two streptozotocin-induced (STZ) diabetic rat groups designated: STZ-control (administered distilled water) and STZ + TTFE (administered 10 mg/kg TTFE). The treatment was given orally once daily for 21 consecutive days. Body weight and insulin concentration showed significant improvement while blood glucose, uric acid, creatinine, and total bilirubin concentrations were significantly reduced in diabetic rats administered TTFE compared to diabetic untreated rats. Furthermore, triglycerides, total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, and malondialdehyde concentrations were significantly lowered in diabetic rats administered TTFE compared with diabetic untreated rats. Key enzymes involved in carbohydrate breakdown and cholesterol synthesis, α-amylase and 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA (HMG-CoA) reductase, respectively, were significantly inhibited in TTFE-treated diabetic rats compared to diabetic control. Results presented in this study suggest that administration of TTFE for 21 days normalized STZ-induced hyperglycemia and its associated dyslipidemia by a mechanism involving inhibition of α-amylase and HMG-CoA reductase activities, respectively, in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olarewaju M. Oluba
- Food Safety and Toxicology Research UnitEnvironment and Technology Research ClusterDepartment of Biological SciencesCollege of Science and EngineeringLandmark UniversityOmu AranKwara StateNigeria
| | - Feyikemi D. Adebiyi
- Department of Chemical SciencesJoseph Ayo Babalola UniversityIkeji ArakejiOsun StateNigeria
| | - Ajibola A. Dada
- Department of Chemical SciencesJoseph Ayo Babalola UniversityIkeji ArakejiOsun StateNigeria
| | - Adeyinka A. Ajayi
- Department of Chemical SciencesJoseph Ayo Babalola UniversityIkeji ArakejiOsun StateNigeria
| | - Kayode E. Adebisi
- Biochemistry UnitDepartment of Bioscience and BiotechnologyCollege of Pure and Applied SciencesKwara State UniversityIlorinKwara StateNigeria
| | - Sunday J. Josiah
- Department of BiochemistryCollege of Basic Medical SciencesIgbinedion UniversityOkadaEdo StateNigeria
| | - Adewale A. Odutuga
- Department of Chemical SciencesJoseph Ayo Babalola UniversityIkeji ArakejiOsun StateNigeria
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Zare E, Alirezaei A, Bakhtiyari M, Mansouri A. Evaluating the effect of garlic extract on serum inflammatory markers of peritoneal dialysis patients: a randomized double-blind clinical trial study. BMC Nephrol 2019; 20:26. [PMID: 30683061 PMCID: PMC6347806 DOI: 10.1186/s12882-019-1204-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2018] [Accepted: 01/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Garlic can be considered as a useful natural herb in inhibition of inflammation. The aim of this study was to assess the effectiveness of garlic extract in lowering inflammatory markers in peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients. METHODS In this parallel-designed double blind randomized clinical trial, 42 PD patients at the Shafa dialysis center, Tehran in 2017 were included. The primary outcome in this study was systemic inflammation which was evaluated by measuring the concentrations of IL-6 and CRP and ESR in serum. RESULTS Baseline versus after-intervention median (IQR) of IL-6 (pg/ml), CRP (mg/L) and mean ± SD of ESR (mm) in garlic and placebo groups was 2.2 (0.8, 6.4) versus 0.7 (0.6, 1.2) (p < 0.001) and 2.0 (0.8, 2.1) versus 0.6 (0.6, 0.8) (p = 0.002), 13.0 (5.0, 14.0) versus 2.0 (1.0, 9.0) (p < 0.001) and 7.0 (2.0, 10.0) versus 6.0 (3.7, 7.5) (p = 0.547) and 35.4 ± 21.7 versus 50.7 ± 28.5 (p = 0.021) and 46.0 ± 26.0 versus 45.3 ± 22.3 (p = 0.797). Median (IQR) of Percentage Before-After change in CRP was - 71.4%(- 85.7, - 42.9%) and - 20.0%(- 30.0, 114.3%) in garlic and placebo group respectively. The Mann-Whitney U test indicated this difference is statistically significant (p < 0.001). CONCLUSION The results imply that administrating 400 mg of standardized garlic extract twice a day for 8 weeks resulted in a significant reduction in IL-6, CRP and ESR. Since inflammatory state can be a serious life threatening condition in PD patients, we suggest prescribing this safe and well-tolerated natural substance to attenuate the inflammatory state in these patients. However, assessment of these effects in a larger randomized trial is strongly recommended (IRCTID: IRCT2017072535305N1, 2017-10-16).
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Affiliation(s)
- Elham Zare
- Department of Internal Medicine, ShahidBeheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amirhesam Alirezaei
- Clinical Research Developement Center at ShahidModarres Hospital, Department of Nephrology, ShahidBeheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahmood Bakhtiyari
- Non-communicable Diseases research center, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
- Department of Community Medicine, School of Medicine, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
| | - Asieh Mansouri
- Hypertension Research Center, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
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Saleh A, Anwar MM, Zayed AE, Ezz Eldeen MES, Afifi G, Alnashiri HM, Gomaa AMS, Abd-Elkareem M, Abou-Elhamd AS, Shaheen ES, Mohamed GA, Hetta HF, Kotb AM. Impact of Ginkgo biloba extract and magnetized water on the survival rate and functional capabilities of pancreatic β-cells in type 2 diabetic rat model. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes 2019; 12:1339-1347. [PMID: 31496771 PMCID: PMC6689767 DOI: 10.2147/dmso.s209856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2019] [Accepted: 07/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a widely distributed disease that affects large population worldwide. This study aimed to verify the role of Ginkgo biloba (GB) extract and magnetized water (MW) on the survival rate and functional capabilities of pancreatic β-cells in type 2 diabetic rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS T2D was induced by feeding the rats on a high-fat diet (20% fat, 45% carbohydrate, 22% protein) for eight weeks followed by intra-peritoneal injection of a single low dose of streptozotocin (25mg/Kg). Forty rats were randomly assigned to four groups (n=10 rats) as follows: non treated control and three diabetic groups. One diabetic group served as a positive control (diabetic), while the other two groups were orally administered with water extract of GB leaves (0.11 g/kg/day) and MW (600 gauss) for four weeks, respectively. RESULTS The β-cell mass and insulin expression in these cells increased markedly after both treatments, particularly in GB treated group. In addition, the immune-expression of the two antioxidant enzymes; glutathione and superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD2) in the pancreatic tissue demonstrated a down-regulation in GB and MW treated groups as compared with the diabetic group. CONCLUSION A four-week treatment of GB and MW protected pancreatic β-cell cells and improved their insulin expression and antioxidant status in type 2 diabetic rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Saleh
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Jazan University, Jazan, KSA
- Exploratory Center of Science and Technology
, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mamdouh M Anwar
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Jazan, KSA
- Medical Physiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Ahmed E Zayed
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Jazan University, Jazan, KSA
- Department of Anatomy and Histology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Assiut University, Egypt
| | - Manal El Sayed Ezz Eldeen
- Endocrine Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Gamal Afifi
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Jazan University, Jazan, KSA
- National Institute for Laser Enhanced Sciences, Cairo University
, Giza, Egypt
| | | | - Asmaa MS Gomaa
- Medical Physiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud Abd-Elkareem
- Department of Anatomy and Histology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Assiut University, Egypt
| | - Alaa Sayed Abou-Elhamd
- Department of Anatomy and Histology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Assiut University, Egypt
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Ghada A Mohamed
- Endocrine Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Helal F Hetta
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
- Correspondence: Helal F HettaDepartment of Internal Medicine, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, 231 Albert B. Sabin Way, PO Box 670595, OH45267-0595, USAEmail
| | - Ahmed M Kotb
- Department of Anatomy and Histology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Assiut University, Egypt
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Tunçdemir M, Büyükçolpan Mirzataş E, Uzun H. Renoprotective potential of quercetin in experimental diabetic nephropathy: assesing antiapoptotic and antioxidant effects. ARCHIVES OF CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE 2018. [DOI: 10.25000/acem.452530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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Sujithra K, Srinivasan S, Indumathi D, Vinothkumar V. Allyl methyl sulfide, a garlic active component mitigates hyperglycemia by restoration of circulatory antioxidant status and attenuating glycoprotein components in streptozotocin-induced experimental rats. Toxicol Mech Methods 2018; 29:165-176. [DOI: 10.1080/15376516.2018.1534297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kathiroli Sujithra
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Annamalai University, Annamalainagar, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Subramani Srinivasan
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Annamalai University, Annamalainagar, Tamilnadu, India
- Postgraduate and Research Department of Biochemistry, Government Arts College For Women, Krishnagiri, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Dhananjayan Indumathi
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Annamalai University, Annamalainagar, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Veerasamy Vinothkumar
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Annamalai University, Annamalainagar, Tamilnadu, India
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Gurel-Gokmen B, Ipekci H, Oktay S, Alev B, Ustundag UV, Ak E, Akakın D, Sener G, Emekli-Alturfan E, Yarat A, Tunali-Akbay T. Melatonin improves hyperglycemia induced damages in rat brain. Diabetes Metab Res Rev 2018; 34:e3060. [PMID: 30098300 DOI: 10.1002/dmrr.3060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2018] [Revised: 06/14/2018] [Accepted: 07/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetes mellitus is an endocrine disorder which is characterized by the development of resistance to the cellular activity of insulin or inadequate insulin production. It leads to hyperglycemia, prolonged inflammation, and oxidative stress. Oxidative stress is assumed to play an important role in the development of diabetic complications. Melatonin is the hormone that interacts with insulin in diabetes. Therefore, in this study, the effects of melatonin treatment with or without insulin were examined in diabetic rat brain. METHODS Rats were divided into five groups as control, diabetes, diabetes + insulin, diabetes + melatonin, and diabetes + melatonin + insulin. Experimental diabetes was induced by streptozotocin (60 mg/kg, i.p.). Twelve weeks after diabetes induction, rats were decapitated. Malondialdehyde, glutathione, sialic acid and nitric oxide levels, superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione-S-transferase, myeloperoxidase, and tissue factor activities were determined in brain tissue. RESULTS Melatonin alone showed its antioxidant effect by increasing brain glutathione level, superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione-S-transferase activities and decreasing malondialdehyde level in experimental diabetes. Although insulin did not have a significant effect on glutathione and glutathione-S-transferase, its effects on lipid peroxidation, superoxide dismutase, and catalase were similar to melatonin; insulin also decreased myolopeoxidase activity and increased tissue factor activity. Combined melatonin and insulin treatment mimicked the effects of insulin. CONCLUSION Addition of melatonin to the insulin treatment did not change the effects of insulin, but the detailed role of melatonin alone in the treatment of diabetes merits further experimental and clinical investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Begum Gurel-Gokmen
- Basic Medical Sciences, Biochemistry, Marmara University, Faculty of Dentistry, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Hazal Ipekci
- Basic Medical Sciences, Biochemistry, Marmara University, Faculty of Dentistry, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Sehkar Oktay
- Basic Medical Sciences, Biochemistry, Marmara University, Faculty of Dentistry, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Burcın Alev
- Basic Medical Sciences, Biochemistry, Marmara University, Faculty of Dentistry, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Unsal Velı Ustundag
- Basic Medical Sciences, Biochemistry, Marmara University, Faculty of Dentistry, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Esın Ak
- Basic Medical Sciences, Histology and Embryology, Marmara University, Faculty of Dentistry, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Dılek Akakın
- Basic Medical Sciences, Histology and Embryology, Marmara University, Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Goksel Sener
- Pharmacology, Marmara University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ebru Emekli-Alturfan
- Basic Medical Sciences, Biochemistry, Marmara University, Faculty of Dentistry, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Aysen Yarat
- Basic Medical Sciences, Biochemistry, Marmara University, Faculty of Dentistry, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Tugba Tunali-Akbay
- Basic Medical Sciences, Biochemistry, Marmara University, Faculty of Dentistry, Istanbul, Turkey
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Tahmoores S, Mokhtar M, Vally A. The effects of Alhagi maurorum on the liver properties and histological changes in diabetic rats. GAZZETTA MEDICA ITALIANA ARCHIVIO PER LE SCIENZE MEDICHE 2018. [DOI: 10.23736/s0393-3660.17.03626-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Hadjzadeh M, Alikhani V, Hosseinian S, Zarei B, Keshavarzi Z. THE EFFECT OF MELATONIN AGAINST GASTRIC OXIDATIVE STRESS AND DYSLIPIDEMIA IN STREPTOZOTOCIN-INDUCED DIABETIC RATS. ACTA ENDOCRINOLOGICA (BUCHAREST, ROMANIA : 2005) 2018; 14:453-458. [PMID: 31149296 PMCID: PMC6516406 DOI: 10.4183/aeb.2018.453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to evaluate the possible protective effects of MT against gastric oxidative stress and dyslipidemia in streptozotocin (STZ) - induced diabetic rats. METHODS Forty male Wistar rats were randomly divided into five groups: control, diabetic, MT 5 mg/kg+ STZ, MT 10 mg/kg+ STZ and MT 20 mg/kg+ STZ. STZ (60 mg/kg) was intraperitoneally (ip) injected as a single dose for diabetes induction. One week after STZ administration, MT was injected daily as ip for 14 days. The levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), total thiol and glutathione, as well as superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase activities were measured in gastric tissue. Serum concentrations of triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (TC), high density lipoprotein (HDL) and low density lipoprotein (LDL) were also determined. RESULTS Serum glucose significantly increased in diabetic group compared to control group. STZ induced a significant decrease in gastric tissue levels of total thiol, glutathione, catalase and SOD activities and a significant increase in MDA concentration. In diabetic rats, serum TG, LDL and TC were significantly higher and HDL was significantly lower than in the control group. Treatment of diabetic rats with MT caused a significant increase in gastric total thiol content and glutathione concentration as well as SOD and catalase activities. Gastric MDA concentration and serum LDL, TG and TC were significantly lower in MT-treated groups when compared with diabetic group. CONCLUSION These data suggested that MT has a therapeutic effect on gastric oxidative damage and dyslipidemia induced by diabetes that possibly may be due to its antioxidant effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- M.A.R. Hadjzadeh
- Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Department of physiology, Bojnurd, Iran
- Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences Research Center, Division of Neurocognitive Sciences, Bojnurd, Iran
| | - V. Alikhani
- Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Department of physiology, Bojnurd, Iran
| | - S. Hosseinian
- Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Department of physiology, Bojnurd, Iran
- Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Neurogenic Inflammation Research Center, Mashhad, Bojnurd, Iran
| | - B. Zarei
- Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Department of physiology, Bojnurd, Iran
| | - Z. Keshavarzi
- Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Natural Products and Medicinal Plants Research Center, Bojnurd, Iran
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Roohbakhsh A, Shamsizadeh A, Hayes A, Reiter RJ, Karimi G. Melatonin as an endogenous regulator of diseases: The role of autophagy. Pharmacol Res 2018; 133:265-276. [DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2018.01.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2017] [Revised: 12/17/2017] [Accepted: 01/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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Protective Effect of Ginkgo biloba and Magnetized Water on Nephropathy in Induced Type 2 Diabetes in Rat. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2018; 2018:1785614. [PMID: 29991974 PMCID: PMC6016160 DOI: 10.1155/2018/1785614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2018] [Revised: 04/22/2018] [Accepted: 05/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
We aimed in our current study to explore the protective effect of Ginkgo biloba (GB) and magnetized water (MW) against nephrotoxicity associating induced type 2 diabetes mellitus in rat. Here, we induced diabetes by feeding our lab rats on a high fat-containing diet (4 weeks) and after that injecting them with streptozotocin (STZ). We randomly divided forty rats into four different groups: nontreated control (Ctrl), nontreated diabetic (Diabetic), Diabetic+GB (4-week treatment), and Diabetic+MW (4-week treatment). After the experiment was finished, serum and kidney tissue samples were gathered. Blood levels of glucose, triglycerides, cholesterol, creatinine, and urea were markedly elevated in the diabetic group than in the control group. In all animals treated with GB and MW, the levels of urea, creatinine, and glucose were significantly reduced (all P < 0.01). GB and MW attenuated glomerular and tubular injury as well as the histological score. Furthermore, they normalized the contents of glutathione reductase and SOD2. In summary, our data showed that GB and MW treatment protected type 2 diabetic rat kidneys from nephrotoxic damages by reducing the hyperlipidemia, uremia, oxidative stress, and renal dysfunction.
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Hemmati AA, Alboghobeish S, Ahangarpour A. Effects of cinnamic acid on memory deficits and brain oxidative stress in streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice. THE KOREAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY & PHARMACOLOGY : OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSIOLOGICAL SOCIETY AND THE KOREAN SOCIETY OF PHARMACOLOGY 2018; 22:257-267. [PMID: 29719448 PMCID: PMC5928339 DOI: 10.4196/kjpp.2018.22.3.257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2017] [Revised: 07/18/2017] [Accepted: 10/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The present study aimed to evaluate the cinnamic acid effect on memory impairment, oxidative stress, and cholinergic dysfunction in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic model in mice. In this experimental study, 48 male Naval Medical Research Institute (NMRI) mice (30–35 g) were chosen and were randomly divided into six groups: control, cinnamic acid (20 mg/kg day, i.p. ), diabetic, and cinnamic acid-treated diabetic (10, 20 and 40 mg/kg day, i.p. ). Memory was impaired by administering an intraperitoneal STZ injection of 50 mg/kg. Cinnamic acid was injected for 40 days starting from the 21st day after confirming STZ-induced dementia to observe its therapeutic effect. Memory function was assessed using cross-arm maze, morris water maze and passive avoidance test. After the administration, biochemical parameters of oxidative stress and cholinergic function were estimated in the brain. Present data indicated that inducing STZ caused significant memory impairment, whereas administration of cinnamic acid caused significant and dose-dependent memory improvement. Assessment of brain homogenates indicated cholinergic dysfunction, increase in lipid peroxidation and reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, and decrease in glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase (CAT) activities in the diabetic group compared to the control animals, whereas cinnamic acid administration ameliorated these indices in the diabetic mice. The present study demonstrated that cinnamic acid improves memory by reducing the oxidative stress and cholinergic dysfunction in the brain of diabetic mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Asghar Hemmati
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz 61357-15794, Iran
| | - Soheila Alboghobeish
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Student Research Committee of Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz 61357-15794, Iran
| | - Akram Ahangarpour
- Health Research Institute, Diabetes Research Center, Department of Physiology, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz 61357-15794, Iran
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Liang D, Gao F, Ni Z, Lin L, Deng Q, Tang Y, Wang X, Luo X, Xia H. Melatonin Improves Heat Tolerance in Kiwifruit Seedlings through Promoting Antioxidant Enzymatic Activity and Glutathione S-Transferase Transcription. Molecules 2018; 23:E584. [PMID: 29509672 PMCID: PMC6017150 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23030584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2018] [Revised: 02/28/2018] [Accepted: 03/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Evidence exists to suggest that melatonin (MT) is important to abiotic stress tolerance in plants. Here, we investigated whether exogenous MT reduces heat damage on biological parameters and gene expression in kiwifruit (Actinidia deliciosa) seedlings. Pretreatment with MT alleviates heat-induced oxidative harm through reducing H₂O₂ content and increasing proline content. Moreover, MT application raised ascorbic acid (AsA) levels and the activity of antioxidant enzymes, including superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and peroxidase (POD). We also observed elevation in the activity of enzymes related to the AsA-GSH cycle, such as ascorbate peroxidase (APX), monodehydroascorbate reductase (MDHAR), dehydroascorbate reductase (DHAR), and glutathione reductase (GR). Furthermore, MT application increased the expression of 28/31 glutathione S-transferase (GST) genes, reducing oxidative stress. These results clearly indicate that in kiwifruit, MT exerts a protective effect against heat-related damage through regulating antioxidant pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Liang
- College of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China.
- Institute of Pomology and Olericulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China.
| | - Fan Gao
- College of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China.
| | - Zhiyou Ni
- College of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China.
| | - Lijin Lin
- College of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China.
- Institute of Pomology and Olericulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China.
| | - Qunxian Deng
- College of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China.
| | - Yi Tang
- College of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China.
- Institute of Pomology and Olericulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China.
| | - Xun Wang
- College of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China.
- Institute of Pomology and Olericulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China.
| | - Xian Luo
- College of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China.
| | - Hui Xia
- College of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China.
- Institute of Pomology and Olericulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China.
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Peng Y, Hu K. Effect of garlic on rats with chronic intermittent hypoxia combined with diabetes mellitus. Mol Med Rep 2018; 17:6174-6184. [PMID: 29436658 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2018.8568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2017] [Accepted: 11/23/2017] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Yinglan Peng
- Division of Respiratory Disease, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, P.R. China
| | - Ke Hu
- Division of Respiratory Disease, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, P.R. China
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