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Fang H, Wang M, Wei P, Liu Q, Su Y, Liu H, Chen Y, Su Z, He W. Molecular probes for super-resolution imaging of drug dynamics. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2024; 210:115330. [PMID: 38735627 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2024.115330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Revised: 04/09/2024] [Accepted: 05/05/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024]
Abstract
Super-resolution molecular probes (SRMPs) are essential tools for visualizing drug dynamics within cells, transcending the resolution limits of conventional microscopy. In this review, we provide an overview of the principles and design strategies of SRMPs, emphasizing their role in accurately tracking drug molecules. By illuminating the intricate processes of drug distribution, diffusion, uptake, and metabolism at a subcellular and molecular level, SRMPs offer crucial insights into therapeutic interventions. Additionally, we explore the practical applications of super-resolution imaging in disease treatment, highlighting the significance of SRMPs in advancing our understanding of drug action. Finally, we discuss future perspectives, envisioning potential advancements and innovations in this field. Overall, this review serves to inform and practitioners about the utility of SRMPs in driving innovation and progress in pharmacology, providing valuable insights for drug development and optimization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongbao Fang
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Biomedical Functional Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China; State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Mengmeng Wang
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Biomedical Functional Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China; College of Life Science and Chemistry, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Biological Functional Molecules, Jiangsu Second Normal University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210013, China
| | - Pengfan Wei
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Biomedical Functional Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Qian Liu
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Biomedical Functional Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Yan Su
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Biomedical Functional Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Hongke Liu
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Biomedical Functional Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Yuncong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China; Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210008, PR China.
| | - Zhi Su
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Biomedical Functional Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Weijiang He
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
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2
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Li J, Li X, Chen F, Li W, Chen J, Zhang B. Studying the Alzheimer's disease continuum using EEG and fMRI in single-modality and multi-modality settings. Rev Neurosci 2024; 35:373-386. [PMID: 38157429 DOI: 10.1515/revneuro-2023-0098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a biological, clinical continuum that covers the preclinical, prodromal, and clinical phases of the disease. Early diagnosis and identification of the stages of Alzheimer's disease (AD) are crucial in clinical practice. Ideally, biomarkers should reflect the underlying process (pathological or otherwise), be reproducible and non-invasive, and allow repeated measurements over time. However, the currently known biomarkers for AD are not suitable for differentiating the stages and predicting the trajectory of disease progression. Some objective parameters extracted using electroencephalography (EEG) and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) are widely applied to diagnose the stages of the AD continuum. While electroencephalography (EEG) has a high temporal resolution, fMRI has a high spatial resolution. Combined EEG and fMRI (EEG-fMRI) can overcome single-modality drawbacks and obtain multi-dimensional information simultaneously, and it can help explore the hemodynamic changes associated with the neural oscillations that occur during information processing. This technique has been used in the cognitive field in recent years. This review focuses on the different techniques available for studying the AD continuum, including EEG and fMRI in single-modality and multi-modality settings, and the possible future directions of AD diagnosis using EEG-fMRI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Li
- Department of Radiology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210008, China
- Institute of Medical Imaging and Artificial Intelligence, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210008, China
- Medical Imaging Center, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210008, China
| | - Xin Li
- Department of Radiology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210008, China
- Institute of Medical Imaging and Artificial Intelligence, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210008, China
- Medical Imaging Center, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210008, China
| | - Futao Chen
- Department of Radiology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210008, China
- Institute of Medical Imaging and Artificial Intelligence, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210008, China
- Medical Imaging Center, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210008, China
| | - Weiping Li
- Department of Radiology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210008, China
- Institute of Medical Imaging and Artificial Intelligence, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210008, China
- Medical Imaging Center, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210008, China
| | - Jiu Chen
- Department of Radiology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210008, China
- Institute of Medical Imaging and Artificial Intelligence, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210008, China
- Medical Imaging Center, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210008, China
| | - Bing Zhang
- Department of Radiology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210008, China
- Institute of Medical Imaging and Artificial Intelligence, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210008, China
- Medical Imaging Center, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210008, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210008, China
- Institute of Brain Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210008, China
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3
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Chang HI, Huang CW, Huang SH, Hsu SW, Lin KJ, Ho TY, Wu HC, Chang CC. Distinct biological property of tau in tau-first cognitive proteinopathy: Evidence by longitudinal clinical neuroimaging profiles and compared with late-onset Alzheimer disease. Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 2024. [PMID: 38864501 DOI: 10.1111/pcn.13680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tau-first cognitive proteinopathy (TCP) denotes a clinical phenotype of Alzheimer disease (AD) showing Florzolotau(18F) positron emission tomography (PET) positivity but a negative amyloid status. AIM We explored the biological property of tau using longitudinal cognitive and neuroimaging data in TCP and compared with late-onset AD (LOAD). METHOD We enrolled 56 patients with LOAD, 34 patients with TCP, and 26 cognitive unimpaired controls. All of the participants had historical data of 2 to 4 three-dimensional T1 images and 2 to 6 annual cognitive evaluations over a follow-up period of 7 years. Tau topography was measured using Florzolotau(18F) PET. In the LOAD and TCP groups, we constructed tau or gray matter clusters covarying with the cognitive measurements. We used mediator analysis to explore the regional tau load as predictor, gray matter partitions as mediators, and significant cognitive test scores as outcomes. Longitudinal cognitive decline and cortical thickness degeneration pattern were analyzed using a linear mixed-effects model. RESULTS The TCP group had longitudinal declines in nonexecutive domains. The deterministic factor predicting the short-term memory score in TCP was the hippocampal volume and not directly via the medial and lateral temporal tau load. These features formed the conceptual differences with LOAD. DISCUSSION The biological properties of tau and the longitudinal cognitive-imaging trajectory support the conceptual distinction between TCP and LOAD. TCP represents one specific entity featuring salient short-term memory impairment, declines in nonexecutive domains, a slower gray matter degenerative pattern, and a restricted impact of tau.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsin-I Chang
- Department of Neurology, Cognition and Aging Center, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Institute for Translational Research in Biomedicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Wei Huang
- Department of Neurology, Cognition and Aging Center, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Institute for Translational Research in Biomedicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Hua Huang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Wei Hsu
- Department of Radiology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Kun-Ju Lin
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Lin-Kou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Tsung-Ying Ho
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Lin-Kou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Hsiu-Chuan Wu
- Department of Neurology, Lin-Kou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chiung-Chih Chang
- Department of Neurology, Cognition and Aging Center, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Institute for Translational Research in Biomedicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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4
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Nitrini R. What is "biological Alzheimer's disease"? Dement Neuropsychol 2024; 18:e2024E001. [PMID: 38863570 PMCID: PMC11165693 DOI: 10.1590/1980-5764-dn-2024-e001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo Nitrini
- Universidade de São Paulo, Faculdade de Medicina, São Paulo SP, Brazil
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5
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Zhang W, Smith N, Zhou Y, McGee CM, Bartoli M, Fu S, Chen J, Domena JB, Joji A, Burr H, Lv G, Cilingir EK, Bedendo S, Claure ML, Tagliaferro A, Eliezer D, Veliz EA, Zhang F, Wang C, Leblanc RM. Carbon dots as dual inhibitors of tau and amyloid-beta aggregation for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease. Acta Biomater 2024:S1742-7061(24)00306-4. [PMID: 38849023 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2024.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2024] [Revised: 05/27/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common form of senile dementia, presenting a significant challenge for the development of effective treatments. AD is characterized by extracellular amyloid plaques and intraneuronal neurofibrillary tangles. Therefore, targeting both hallmarks through inhibition of amyloid beta (Aβ) and tau aggregation presents a promising approach for drug development. Carbon dots (CD), with their high biocompatibility, minimal cytotoxicity, and blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeability, have emerged as promising drug nanocarriers. Congo red, an azo dye, has gathered significant attention for inhibiting amyloid-beta and tau aggregation. However, Congo red's inability to cross the BBB limits its potential to be used as a drug candidate for central nervous system (CNS) diseases. Furthermore, current studies only focus on using Congo red to target single disease hallmarks, without investigating dual inhibition capabilities. In this study, we synthesized Congo red-derived CD (CRCD) by using Congo red and citric acid as precursors, resulting in three variants, CRCD1, CRCD2 and CRCD3, based on different mass ratios of precursors. CRCD2 and CRCD3 exhibited sustained low cytotoxicity, and CRCD3 demonstrated the ability to traverse the BBB in a zebrafish model. Moreover, thioflavin T (ThT) aggregation assays and AFM imaging revealed CRCD as potent inhibitors against both tau and Aβ aggregation. Notably, CRCD1 emerged as the most robust inhibitor, displaying IC50 values of 0.2 ± 0.1 and 2.1 ± 0.5 µg/mL against tau and Aβ aggregation, respectively. Our findings underscore the dual inhibitory role of CRCD against tau and Aβ aggregation, showcasing effective BBB penetration and positioning CRCD as potential nanodrugs and nanocarriers for the CNS. Hence, CRCD-based compounds represent a promising candidate in the realm of multi-functional AD therapeutics, offering an innovative formulation component for future developments in this area. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: This article reports Congo red-derived carbon dots (CRCD) as dual inhibitors of tau and amyloid-beta (Aβ) aggregation for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease (AD). The CRCD are biocompatible and show strong fluorescence, high stability, the ability to cross the blood-brain barrier, and the function of addressing two major pathological features of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL 33146, USA
| | - Nathan Smith
- Department of Biological Sciences, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, NY 12180, USA
| | - Yiqun Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL 33146, USA; Department of Biological Sciences, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199, USA
| | - Caitlin M McGee
- Department of Chemistry, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL 33146, USA
| | - Mattia Bartoli
- Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, Italy; Center for Sustainable Future Technologies (CSFT), Istituto Italiano di Technologia (IIT), Via Livorno 60, 10144 Turin, Italy
| | - Shiwei Fu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL 33146, USA
| | - Jiuyan Chen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL 33146, USA
| | - Justin B Domena
- Department of Chemistry, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL 33146, USA
| | - Annu Joji
- Department of Chemistry, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL 33146, USA
| | - Hannah Burr
- Department of Biological Sciences, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, NY 12180, USA
| | - Guohua Lv
- Department of Biochemistry, Weill Cornell Medicine, 1300 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Emel K Cilingir
- Department of Chemistry, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL 33146, USA
| | - Susanna Bedendo
- Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, Italy
| | - Matteo L Claure
- Department of Chemistry, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL 33146, USA
| | | | - David Eliezer
- Department of Biochemistry, Weill Cornell Medicine, 1300 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Eduardo A Veliz
- Department of Natural Sciences, Miami Dade Collage, Miami, FL 33132, USA
| | - Fuwu Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL 33146, USA
| | - Chunyu Wang
- Department of Biological Sciences, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, NY 12180, USA.
| | - Roger M Leblanc
- Department of Chemistry, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL 33146, USA.
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Dombrowski W, Mims A, Kremer I, Cano Desandes P, Rodrigo-Herrero S, Epps F, Snow T, Gutierrez M, Nasta A, Epperly MB, Manaloto K, Hansen JC. Dementia Ideal Care: Ecosystem Map of Best Practices and Care Pathways Enhanced by Technology and Community. J Alzheimers Dis 2024:JAD231491. [PMID: 38848182 DOI: 10.3233/jad-231491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2024]
Abstract
Background Globally, much work has been done by nonprofit, private, and academic groups to develop best practices for the care of people living with dementia (PLWD), including Alzheimer's disease. However, these best practices reside in disparate repositories and tend to focus on one phase of the patient journey or one relevant group. Objective To fill this gap, we developed a Dementia Ideal Care Map that everyone in the dementia ecosystem can use as an actionable tool for awareness, policy development, funding, research, training, service delivery, and technology design. The intended audience includes (and not limited to) policymakers, academia, industry, technology developers, health system leaders, clinicians, social service providers, patient advocates, PLWD, their families, and communities at large. Methods A search was conducted for published dementia care best practices and quality measures, which were then summarized in a visual diagram. The draft diagram was analyzed to identify barriers to ideal care. Then, additional processes, services, technologies, and quality measures to overcome those challenges were brainstormed. Feedback was then obtained from experts. Results The Dementia Ideal Care Map summarizes the ecosystem of over 200 best practices, nearly 100 technology enablers, other infrastructure, and enhanced care pathways in one comprehensive diagram. It includes psychosocial interventions, care partner support, community-based organizations; awareness, risk reduction; initial detection, diagnosis, ongoing medical care; governments, payers, health systems, businesses, data, research, and training. Conclusions Dementia Ideal Care Map is a practical tool for planning and coordinating dementia care. This visualized ecosystem approach can be applied to other conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Dombrowski
- CATALAIZE, Chicago, IL, USA
- USC Leonard Davis School of Gerontology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Adrienne Mims
- Rainmakers Strategic Solutions, Atlanta, GA, USA
- National Committee for Quality Assurance (NCQA), Washington, DC, USA
- NAPA Advisory Council, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Ian Kremer
- Leaders Engaged on Alzheimer's Disease (LEAD Coalition), Washington, DC, USA
| | - Pedro Cano Desandes
- Parc Taulí Hospital Universitari, Institut d'Investigació i Innovació Parc Taulí (I3PT-CERCA), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Sabadell, Spain
| | - Silvia Rodrigo-Herrero
- Memory Unit, Department of Neurology, Juan Ramon Jimenez University Hospital, Huelva, Spain
| | - Fayron Epps
- School of Nursing, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Teepa Snow
- Positive Approach, LLC, Efland, NC, USA
- Snow Approach, Inc., Hillsborough, NC, USA
| | | | - Anil Nasta
- Roche Diagnostics Corporation, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | | | - Katrina Manaloto
- Neurotech Collider Lab, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
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7
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Wyman-Chick KA, Chaudhury P, Bayram E, Abdelnour C, Matar E, Chiu SY, Ferreira D, Hamilton CA, Donaghy PC, Rodriguez-Porcel F, Toledo JB, Habich A, Barrett MJ, Patel B, Jaramillo-Jimenez A, Scott GD, Kane JPM. Differentiating Prodromal Dementia with Lewy Bodies from Prodromal Alzheimer's Disease: A Pragmatic Review for Clinicians. Neurol Ther 2024; 13:885-906. [PMID: 38720013 PMCID: PMC11136939 DOI: 10.1007/s40120-024-00620-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
This pragmatic review synthesises the current understanding of prodromal dementia with Lewy bodies (pDLB) and prodromal Alzheimer's disease (pAD), including clinical presentations, neuropsychological profiles, neuropsychiatric symptoms, biomarkers, and indications for disease management. The core clinical features of dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB)-parkinsonism, complex visual hallucinations, cognitive fluctuations, and REM sleep behaviour disorder are common prodromal symptoms. Supportive clinical features of pDLB include severe neuroleptic sensitivity, as well as autonomic and neuropsychiatric symptoms. The neuropsychological profile in mild cognitive impairment attributable to Lewy body pathology (MCI-LB) tends to include impairment in visuospatial skills and executive functioning, distinguishing it from MCI due to AD, which typically presents with impairment in memory. pDLB may present with cognitive impairment, psychiatric symptoms, and/or recurrent episodes of delirium, indicating that it is not necessarily synonymous with MCI-LB. Imaging, fluid and other biomarkers may play a crucial role in differentiating pDLB from pAD. The current MCI-LB criteria recognise low dopamine transporter uptake using positron emission tomography or single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT), loss of REM atonia on polysomnography, and sympathetic cardiac denervation using meta-iodobenzylguanidine SPECT as indicative biomarkers with slowing of dominant frequency on EEG among others as supportive biomarkers. This review also highlights the emergence of fluid and skin-based biomarkers. There is little research evidence for the treatment of pDLB, but pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatments for DLB may be discussed with patients. Non-pharmacological interventions such as diet, exercise, and cognitive stimulation may provide benefit, while evaluation and management of contributing factors like medications and sleep disturbances are vital. There is a need to expand research across diverse patient populations to address existing disparities in clinical trial participation. In conclusion, an early and accurate diagnosis of pDLB or pAD presents an opportunity for tailored interventions, improved healthcare outcomes, and enhanced quality of life for patients and care partners.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathryn A Wyman-Chick
- Struthers Parkinson's Center and Center for Memory and Aging, Department of Neurology, HealthPartners/Park Nicollet, Bloomington, USA.
| | - Parichita Chaudhury
- Cleo Roberts Memory and Movement Center, Banner Sun Health Research Institute, Sun City, USA
| | - Ece Bayram
- Parkinson and Other Movement Disorders Center, University of California San Diego, San Diego, USA
| | - Carla Abdelnour
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, USA
| | - Elie Matar
- Central Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Shannon Y Chiu
- Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic Arizona, Phoenix, USA
| | - Daniel Ferreira
- Division of Clinical Geriatrics, Center for Alzheimer Research, Karolinska Institute, Solna, Sweden
- Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic Rochester, Rochester, USA
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Fernando Pessoa Canarias, Las Palmas, Spain
| | - Calum A Hamilton
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK
| | - Paul C Donaghy
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK
| | | | - Jon B Toledo
- Nantz National Alzheimer Center, Stanley Appel Department of Neurology, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, USA
| | - Annegret Habich
- Division of Clinical Geriatrics, Center for Alzheimer Research, Karolinska Institute, Solna, Sweden
- University Hospital of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Matthew J Barrett
- Department of Neurology, Parkinson's and Movement Disorders Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, USA
| | - Bhavana Patel
- Department of Neurology, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, USA
- Norman Fixel Institute for Neurologic Diseases, University of Florida, Gainesville, USA
| | - Alberto Jaramillo-Jimenez
- Centre for Age-Related Medicine, Stavanger University Hospital, Stavanger, Norway
- School of Medicine, Grupo de Neurociencias de Antioquia, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Gregory D Scott
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Services, VA Portland Medical Center, Portland, USA
| | - Joseph P M Kane
- Centre for Public Health, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
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8
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Ly MT, Adler J, Ton Loy AF, Edmonds EC, Bondi MW, Delano-Wood L. Comparing neuropsychological, typical, and ADNI criteria for the diagnosis of mild cognitive impairment in Vietnam-era veterans. J Int Neuropsychol Soc 2024; 30:439-447. [PMID: 38263745 DOI: 10.1017/s135561772301144x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Neuropsychological criteria for mild cognitive impairment (MCI) more accurately predict progression to Alzheimer's disease (AD) and are more strongly associated with AD biomarkers and neuroimaging profiles than ADNI criteria. However, research to date has been conducted in relatively healthy samples with few comorbidities. Given that history of traumatic brain injury (TBI) and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) are risk factors for AD and common in Veterans, we compared neuropsychological, typical (Petersen/Winblad), and ADNI criteria for MCI in Vietnam-era Veterans with histories of TBI or PTSD. METHOD 267 Veterans (mean age = 69.8) from the DOD-ADNI study were evaluated for MCI using neuropsychological, typical, and ADNI criteria. Linear regressions adjusting for age and education assessed associations between MCI status and AD biomarker levels (cerebrospinal fluid [CSF] p-tau181, t-tau, and Aβ42) by diagnostic criteria. Logistic regressions adjusting for age and education assessed the effects of TBI severity and PTSD symptom severity simultaneously on MCI classification by each criteria. RESULTS Agreement between criteria was poor. Neuropsychological criteria identified more Veterans with MCI than typical or ADNI criteria, and were associated with higher CSF p-tau181 and t-tau. Typical and ADNI criteria were not associated with CSF biomarkers. PTSD symptom severity predicted MCI diagnosis by neuropsychological and ADNI criteria. History of moderate/severe TBI predicted MCI by typical and ADNI criteria. CONCLUSIONS MCI diagnosis using sensitive neuropsychological criteria is more strongly associated with AD biomarkers than conventional diagnostic methods. MCI diagnostics in Veterans would benefit from incorporation of comprehensive neuropsychological methods and consideration of the impact of PTSD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica T Ly
- Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego Health, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Jennifer Adler
- Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego Health, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Adan F Ton Loy
- Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Emily C Edmonds
- Banner Alzheimer's Institute, Tucson, AZ, USA
- Departments of Neurology and Psychology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Mark W Bondi
- Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego Health, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Lisa Delano-Wood
- Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego Health, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Center for Stress and Mental Health, VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA, USA
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9
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Antonioni A, Raho EM, Di Lorenzo F. Is blood pTau a reliable indicator of the CSF status? A narrative review. Neurol Sci 2024; 45:2471-2487. [PMID: 38129590 DOI: 10.1007/s10072-023-07258-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 12/03/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The identification of biomarkers for the early diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a crucial goal of the current research. Blood biomarkers are less invasive, easier to obtain and achievable by a cheaper means than those on cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and significantly more economic than functional neuroimaging investigations; thus, a great interest is focused on blood isoforms of the phosphorylated Tau protein (pTau), indicators of ongoing tau pathology (i.e. neurofibrillary tangles, NFTs, an AD neuropathological hallmark) in the central nervous system (CNS). However, current data often highlight discordant results about the ability of blood pTau to predict CSF status. OBJECTIVE We aim to synthesise the studies that compared pTau levels on CSF and blood to assess their correlation in AD continuum. METHODS We performed a narrative literature review using, first, MEDLINE (via PubMed) by means of MeSH terms, and then, we expanded the reults by means of Scopus and Web of Sciences to be as inclusive as possible. Finally, we added work following an expert opinion. Only papers presenting original data on pTau values on both blood and CSF were included. RESULTS The 33 included studies show an extreme heterogeneity in terms of pTau isoform (pTau181, 217 and 231), laboratory methods, diagnostic criteria and choice of comparison groups. Most studies evaluated plasma pTau181, while data on other isoforms and serum are scarcer. DISCUSSION Most papers identify a correlation between CSF and blood measurements. Furthermore, even when not specified, it is often possible to show an increase in blood pTau values as AD-related damage progresses in the AD continuum and higher values in AD than in other neurodegenerative diseases. Notably, plasma pTau231 seems the first biomarker to look for in the earliest and pre-clinical stages, quickly followed by pTau217 and, finally, by pTau181. CONCLUSIONS Our results encourage the use of blood pTau for the early identification of patients with AD continuum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annibale Antonioni
- Unit of Clinical Neurology, Neurosciences and Rehabilitation Department, University of Ferrara, 44121, Ferrara, Italy
- Doctoral Program in Translational Neurosciences and Neurotechnologies, University of Ferrara, 44121, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Emanuela Maria Raho
- Unit of Clinical Neurology, Neurosciences and Rehabilitation Department, University of Ferrara, 44121, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Francesco Di Lorenzo
- Non Invasive Brain Stimulation Unit, Istituto Di Ricovero E Cura a Carattere Scientifico Santa Lucia, 00179, Rome, Italy.
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10
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Ramognino V, Fovet T, Horn M, Lebouvier T, Amad A. Catatonia in patients with dementia: A descriptive study of clinical profiles and treatment response. Asian J Psychiatr 2024; 96:104033. [PMID: 38564875 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajp.2024.104033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2024] [Revised: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 03/24/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Catatonia is a highly prevalent syndrome in patients presenting with major neurocognitive disorders (dementia). In this study, we aim to provide a comprehensive description of the clinical and therapeutic aspects of catatonia in patients with dementia. METHOD This descriptive study, conducted between September 2015 and June 2022, collected data from 25 patients diagnosed with dementia, out of 143 patients treated for catatonia in our specialized psychiatry department. We collected sociodemographic, clinical and treatment data for each patient. RESULTS Dementia patients constituted 17% of the catatonic cases. Predominantly female, the cohort had a mean age of 65. Diagnoses included Alzheimer's (4 patients, 17%) and Parkinson's (1 patient, 4%) diseases, Lewy body dementia (5 patients, 21%), vascular dementia (4 patients, 17%) and frontotemporal lobar degeneration (10 patients, 41%). The mean Bush-Francis Catatonia Rating Scale score upon admission was 20/69. Overall, complete remission of catatonia was achieved in 75% of patients (n=18), with only 13% (n=3) responding to lorazepam alone, while others required additional interventions such as electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) and/or amantadine. Vascular dementia was predominantly observed in cases resistant to treatment. CONCLUSION The findings indicate a frequent co-occurrence of catatonia and dementia, highlighting treatability yet suggesting a potential for resistance to lorazepam, which varies by dementia diagnosis. Investigating the mechanisms underlying this resistance and the variability in treatment response is crucial for developing more precise therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanina Ramognino
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U1172 - LilNCog - Lille Neuroscience & Cognition, Lille F-59000, France; EPSM des Flandres Bailleul, France
| | - Thomas Fovet
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U1172 - LilNCog - Lille Neuroscience & Cognition, Lille F-59000, France
| | - Mathilde Horn
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U1172 - LilNCog - Lille Neuroscience & Cognition, Lille F-59000, France
| | - Thibaud Lebouvier
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, Lille Neuroscience & Cognition, CNRMAJ, LiCEND, DistAlz, Lille 59000, France
| | - Ali Amad
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U1172 - LilNCog - Lille Neuroscience & Cognition, Lille F-59000, France.
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11
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Chen W, Zhang T, Zhang H. Genes related to neurotransmitter receptors as potential biomarkers for Alzheimer's disease. Neurosci Lett 2024; 832:137816. [PMID: 38729598 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2024.137816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2024] [Revised: 04/25/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a leading cause of dementia and is rapidly emerging as one of the costliest and most burdensome diseases. Neurotransmitter receptors play a vital role in many neuronal processes, primarily regulating signal inhibition within the brain to facilitate cell communication. OBJECTIVES Our research aims to identify potential biomarkers associated with AD and how these biomarkers impact immune infiltration. METHODS We extracted mRNA expression data from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. Weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) and differential expression analysis were employed to identify hub genes as biomarkers in AD. The Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG), Gene Ontology (GO), and Gene Set Variation Analysis (GSVA) were used for functional enrichment. Furthermore, we examined 22 immune cell types infiltration using "CIBERSORT". RESULTS In this study, we identified 70 neurotransmitter receptor genes showing differential expression in AD: 22 were up-regulated, and 48 were down-regulated. Functional analyses indicated these genes were involved in essential biochemical pathways, including G protein-coupled receptors, neurotransmitter receptor activity, and ion channel interactions. WGCNA generated three co-expression modules, with one demonstrating the strongest association with AD. Five key NRGs (HTR3C, HTR3E, ADRA2A, HTR3A, and ADRA1D) were identified using a combination of differential genes. These genes have better diagnostic value by ROC analysis. Immune infiltration analysis showed that these genes were closely associated with the levels of resting mast cells, activated natural killer (NK) cells, and plasma cells in AD compared to controls. CONCLUSION Our study identified five NRGs (ADRA1D, ADRA2A, HTR3A, HTR3C, and HTR3E) with significant associations with AD. These findings may offer promising sights for further studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Chen
- Neurosurgery Department of Xi'an People's Hospital (Xi'an Fourth Hospital), Shaanxi 710100, China
| | - Taoyuan Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Xijing Hospital, Xi' an 710032, China
| | - Hui Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Xijing Hospital, Xi' an 710032, China.
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12
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Zukowski LA, Brinkerhoff SA, Levin I, Herter TM, Hetrick L, Lockhart SN, Miller ME, Laurienti PJ, Kritchevsky SB, Hugenschmidt CE. Amyloid-β Deposition Predicts Grocery Shopping Performance in Older Adults Without Cognitive Impairment. J Alzheimers Dis 2024:JAD231108. [PMID: 38820016 DOI: 10.3233/jad-231108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2024]
Abstract
Background A screening tool sensitive to Alzheimer's disease (AD) risk factors, such as amyloid-β (Aβ) deposition, and subtle cognitive changes, best elicited by complex everyday tasks, is needed. Objective To determine if grocery shopping performance could differentiate older adults at elevated risk of developing AD (OAer), older adults at low risk of developing AD (OAlr), and young adults (YA), and if amount of Aβ deposition could predict grocery shopping performance in older adults (OA). Methods Twenty-one OAer (78±5 years), 33 OAlr (78±5 years), and 28 YA (31±3 years) performed four grocery shopping trials, with the best and worst performances analyzed. Measures included trial time, number of correct items, number of grocery note fixations, and number of fixations and percentage of time fixating on the correct shelving unit, correct brand, and correct shelf. Linear mixed effects models compared measures by performance rank (best, worst) and group (OAer, OAlr, YA), and estimated the effect of Aβ deposition on measures in OA. Results Relative to their best performance, OAer and OAlr exhibited more correct shelving unit fixations and correct brand fixations during their worst performance, while YA did not. Within OA's worst performance, greater Aβ deposition was associated with a smaller percentage of time fixating on the correct shelving unit, correct shelf, and correct brand. Within OA, greater Aβ deposition was associated with more grocery note fixations. Conclusions OA with elevated Aβ deposition may exhibit subtle working memory impairments and less efficient visual search strategies while performing a cognitively demanding everyday task.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa A Zukowski
- Department of Physical Therapy, High Point University, High Point, NC, USA
| | - Sarah A Brinkerhoff
- Department of Neurology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Ilana Levin
- Department of Physical Therapy, High Point University, High Point, NC, USA
| | - Troy M Herter
- Department of Exercise Science, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - Lena Hetrick
- Department of Neuroscience, High Point University, High Point, NC, USA
| | - Samuel N Lockhart
- Sticht Center for Healthy Aging and Alzheimer's Prevention, Department of Internal Medicine, Section on Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Michael E Miller
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Paul J Laurienti
- Department of Radiology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Stephen B Kritchevsky
- Sticht Center for Healthy Aging and Alzheimer's Prevention, Department of Internal Medicine, Section on Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Christina E Hugenschmidt
- Sticht Center for Healthy Aging and Alzheimer's Prevention, Department of Internal Medicine, Section on Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
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13
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Chu H, Huang C, Guan Y, Xie F, Chen M, Guo Q. The associations between nutritional status and physical frailty and Alzheimer's disease plasma biomarkers in older cognitively unimpaired adults with positive of amyloid-β PET. Clin Nutr 2024; 43:1647-1656. [PMID: 38810424 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2024.05.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Revised: 05/06/2024] [Accepted: 05/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS It has been revealed good nutritional status and no physical frailty, which are modifiable lifestyle factors, are linked to less cognitive decline and a lower risk of Alzheimer's disease (AD). We aimed to investigate the associations between nutritional status and physical frailty and plasma AD biomarkers, especially the Tau-associated biomarkers in older cognitively unimpaired (CU) adults with higher β-amyloid (Aβ) burden. METHODS The nutritional status and physical frailty were assessed via Mini-Nutritional Assessment Short-Form (MNA-SF) and Fried frailty index. The participants underwent the examination of plasma AD biomarkers and 18F-florbetapir PET scan as well as 18F-MK6240 PET in the validation cohort. Correlation and multiple linear regression analyses were used to investigate the associations between nutritional status and frailty and AD biomarkers. RESULTS Two cohorts were included in our study. A total of 129 participants with Aβ-PET positive were enrolled in the development cohort. Multiple linear regression analysis showed MNA-SF scores, normal nutritional status, Fried frailty index scores, frailty and some domains of frailty including weight loss, maximal grip strength and exhaustion were associated with plasma p-Tau-181. Furthermore, weight loss, Fried frailty index scores and frailty were associated with higher Aβ-PET standard uptake value ratio. We further performed subgroup analyses stratified by age, sex and apolipoprotein E ε4 genotype to investigate the beneficial characteristics of nutrition and frailty in the special subgroups. Validation cohort contained 38 Aβ-PET positive participants. MNA-SF scores, normal nutritional status, Fried frailty index scores and frailty were associated with Tau burden evaluated by 18F-MK6240 PET Braak-like stages. CONCLUSIONS Our data indicates that normal nutritional status and no physical frailty may be associated with expected trend of plasma AD biomarkers, especially less Tau pathology in older CU adults with Aβ deposition. Adjusting to these characteristics of nutrition and physical frailty may help reduce the risk of AD development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heling Chu
- Department of Gerontology, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Chuyi Huang
- Health Management Center, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yihui Guan
- PET Center, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Fang Xie
- PET Center, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Meirong Chen
- Department of Neurorehabilitation High Dependency Unit, Jiangwan Hospital, Shanghai, China.
| | - Qihao Guo
- Department of Gerontology, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
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14
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Chiabotti PS, Rouaud O, Allali G. Reader Response: Eligibility for Anti-Amyloid Treatment in a Population-Based Study of Cognitive Aging. Neurology 2024; 102:e209375. [PMID: 38648577 DOI: 10.1212/wnl.0000000000209375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/25/2024] Open
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15
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Wang X, Shi Z, Qiu Y, Sun D, Zhou H. Peripheral GFAP and NfL as early biomarkers for dementia: longitudinal insights from the UK Biobank. BMC Med 2024; 22:192. [PMID: 38735950 PMCID: PMC11089788 DOI: 10.1186/s12916-024-03418-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Peripheral glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and neurofilament light chain (NfL) are sensitive markers of neuroinflammation and neuronal damage. Previous studies with highly selected participants have shown that peripheral GFAP and NfL levels are elevated in the pre-clinical phase of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and dementia. However, the predictive value of GFAP and NfL for dementia requires more evidence from population-based cohorts. METHODS This was a prospective cohort study to evaluate UK Biobank participants enrolled from 2006 to 2010 using plasma GFAP and NfL measurements measured by Olink Target Platform and prospectively followed up for dementia diagnosis. Primary outcome was the risk of clinical diagnosed dementia. Secondary outcomes were cognition. Linear regression was used to assess the associations between peripheral GFAP and NfL with cognition. Cox proportional hazard models with cross-validations were used to estimate associations between elevated GFAP and NfL with risk of dementia. All models were adjusted for covariates. RESULTS A subsample of 48,542 participants in the UK Biobank with peripheral GFAP and NfL measurements were evaluated. With an average follow-up of 13.18 ± 2.42 years, 1312 new all-cause dementia cases were identified. Peripheral GFAP and NfL increased up to 15 years before dementia diagnosis was made. After strictly adjusting for confounders, increment in NfL was found to be associated with decreased numeric memory and prolonged reaction time. A greater annualized rate of change in GFAP was significantly associated with faster global cognitive decline. Elevation of GFAP (hazard ratio (HR) ranges from 2.25 to 3.15) and NfL (HR ranges from 1.98 to 4.23) increased the risk for several types of dementia. GFAP and NfL significantly improved the predictive values for dementia using previous models (area under the curve (AUC) ranges from 0.80 to 0.89, C-index ranges from 0.86 to 0.91). The AD genetic risk score and number of APOE*E4 alleles strongly correlated with GFAP and NfL levels. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that peripheral GFAP and NfL are potential biomarkers for the early diagnosis of dementia. In addition, anti-inflammatory therapies in the initial stages of dementia may have potential benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofei Wang
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No.28 Dianxin Nan Street, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Ziyan Shi
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No.28 Dianxin Nan Street, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Yuhan Qiu
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No.28 Dianxin Nan Street, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Dongren Sun
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No.28 Dianxin Nan Street, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Hongyu Zhou
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No.28 Dianxin Nan Street, Chengdu, 610041, China.
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Honig LS, Sabbagh MN, van Dyck CH, Sperling RA, Hersch S, Matta A, Giorgi L, Gee M, Kanekiyo M, Li D, Purcell D, Dhadda S, Irizarry M, Kramer L. Updated safety results from phase 3 lecanemab study in early Alzheimer's disease. Alzheimers Res Ther 2024; 16:105. [PMID: 38730496 PMCID: PMC11084061 DOI: 10.1186/s13195-024-01441-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/31/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alzheimer disease (AD) is a major health problem of aging, with tremendous burden on healthcare systems, patients, and families globally. Lecanemab, an FDA-approved amyloid beta (Aβ)-directed antibody indicated for the treatment of early AD, binds with high affinity to soluble Aβ protofibrils, which have been shown to be more toxic to neurons than monomers or insoluble fibrils. Lecanemab has been shown to be well tolerated in multiple clinical trials, although risks include an increased rate of amyloid-related imaging abnormalities (ARIA) and infusion reactions relative to placebo. METHODS Clarity AD was an 18-month treatment (Core study), multicenter, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group study with open-label extension (OLE) in participants with early AD. Eligible participants were randomized 1:1 across 2 treatment groups (placebo and lecanemab 10 mg/kg biweekly). Safety evaluations included monitoring of vital signs, physical examinations, adverse events, clinical laboratory parameters, and 12-lead electrocardiograms. ARIA occurrence was monitored throughout the study by magnetic resonance imaging, read both locally and centrally. RESULTS Overall, 1795 participants from Core and 1612 participants with at least one dose of lecanemab (Core + OLE) were included. Lecanemab was generally well-tolerated in Clarity AD, with no deaths related to lecanemab in the Core study. There were 9 deaths during the OLE, with 4 deemed possibly related to study treatment. Of the 24 deaths in Core + OLE, 3 were due to intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH): 1 placebo in the Core due to ICH, and 2 lecanemab in OLE with concurrent ICH (1 on tissue plasminogen activator and 1 on anticoagulant therapy). In the Core + OLE, the most common adverse events in the lecanemab group (> 10%) were infusion-related reactions (24.5%), ARIA with hemosiderin deposits (ARIA-H) microhemorrhages (16.0%), COVID-19 (14.7%), ARIA with edema (ARIA-E; 13.6%), and headache (10.3%). ARIA-E and ARIA-H were largely radiographically mild-to-moderate. ARIA-E generally occurred within 3-6 months of treatment, was more common in ApoE e4 carriers (16.8%) and most common in ApoE ε4 homozygous participants (34.5%). CONCLUSIONS Lecanemab was generally well-tolerated, with the most common adverse events being infusion-related reactions, ARIA-H, ARIA-E. Clinicians, participants, and caregivers should understand the incidence, monitoring, and management of these events for optimal patient care. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov numbers: Clarity AD NCT03887455).
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Affiliation(s)
- Lawrence S Honig
- Columbia University Irving Medical Center, NYS Center of Excellence for Alzheimer's Disease, Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, Gertrude H. Sergievsky Center (PH19), & Department of Neurology, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians & Surgeons, 630 West 168th Street (P&S UNIT 16), New York, NY, 10032-3795, USA.
| | | | | | - Reisa A Sperling
- Brigham and Women's Hospital, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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Elman JA, Schork NJ, Rangan AV. Exploring the genetic heterogeneity of Alzheimer's disease: Evidence for genetic subtypes. MEDRXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR HEALTH SCIENCES 2024:2023.05.02.23289347. [PMID: 37205553 PMCID: PMC10187457 DOI: 10.1101/2023.05.02.23289347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Background Alzheimer's disease (AD) exhibits considerable phenotypic heterogeneity, suggesting the potential existence of subtypes. AD is under substantial genetic influence, thus identifying systematic variation in genetic risk may provide insights into disease origins. Objective We investigated genetic heterogeneity in AD risk through a multi-step analysis. Methods We performed principal component analysis (PCA) on AD-associated variants in the UK Biobank (AD cases=2,739, controls=5,478) to assess structured genetic heterogeneity. Subsequently, a biclustering algorithm searched for distinct disease-specific genetic signatures among subsets of cases. Replication tests were conducted using the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) dataset (AD cases=500, controls=470). We categorized a separate set of ADNI individuals with mild cognitive impairment (MCI; n=399) into genetic subtypes and examined cognitive, amyloid, and tau trajectories. Results PCA revealed three distinct clusters ("constellations") driven primarily by different correlation patterns in a region of strong LD surrounding the MAPT locus. Constellations contained a mixture of cases and controls, reflecting disease-relevant but not disease-specific structure. We found two disease-specific biclusters among AD cases. Pathway analysis linked bicluster-associated variants to neuron morphogenesis and outgrowth. Disease-relevant and disease-specific structure replicated in ADNI, and bicluster 2 exhibited increased CSF p-tau and cognitive decline over time. Conclusions This study unveils a hierarchical structure of AD genetic risk. Disease-relevant constellations may represent haplotype structure that does not increase risk directly but may alter the relative importance of other genetic risk factors. Biclusters may represent distinct AD genetic subtypes. This structure is replicable and relates to differential pathological accumulation and cognitive decline over time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeremy A. Elman
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Center for Behavior Genetics of Aging, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Nicholas J. Schork
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- The Translational Genomics Research Institute, Quantitative Medicine and Systems Biology, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - Aaditya V. Rangan
- Department of Mathematics, New York University, New York, New York, USA
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Chen HM, Li KY, Li TL, Wong GHY, Kwong YL, Ng RCL, Burrow MF, McGrath C, Chen H. Association of dietary inflammation with tooth loss and cognitive decline in older adults from cross-sectional data: The moderated role of albumin. J Dent 2024; 144:104967. [PMID: 38554801 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2024.104967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2023] [Revised: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 03/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Growing evidence suggests a potential connection between tooth loss and cognitive function in recent years. Increasing studies have focused on their inter-relationship, however, the underlying mechanism has yet to be fully elucidated. Few studies have considered the role of dietary inflammation and serum albumin in the association between tooth loss and cognitive function. Therefore, the aim of this study was to explore the role of dietary inflammation and serum albumin in the association between tooth loss and cognitive impairment. METHODS A sample of 1,009 US adults from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) provided data on oral condition, cognitive function, dietary intake, and serum tests. The association between tooth loss (exposure variable) and cognitive function (outcome variable) was assessed by linear regression. Furthermore, a moderated mediation model was established to examine the influence of dietary inflammation on the association between tooth loss and cognitive tests, and the visualization of the moderating effect of serum albumin concentration was displayed through the Johnson-Neyman curve. RESULTS Participants with impaired dentition had worse cognitive function and a higher Dietary Inflammation Index (DII). DII was highly correlated with Immediate Recall Test (IR), Animal Fluency Test (AFT), and Digit Symbol Substitution Test (DSST), which mediated 16.46 %, 14.41 % and 11.28 % of the effect between tooth loss and cognitive functions. Additionally, the relationship between DII and DSST was moderated by serum albumin concentration. CONCLUSION Tooth loss was associated with cognitive function which was affected by pro-inflammatory dietary patterns and serum albumin level. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE This study presents evidence for dentists that dietary pattern change due to tooth loss plays a role in cognitive deterioration, which can also be moderated by serum albumin level. Therefore, the preservation of natural teeth is important for cognitive function, especially in an immunocompromised population with decreased serum albumin concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Min Chen
- Division of Restorative Dental Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, 34 Hospital Road, Sai Ying Pun, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China
| | - Kar Yan Li
- Clinical Research Centre, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, 34 Hospital Road, Sai Ying Pun, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China
| | - Tian Le Li
- Division of Restorative Dental Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, 34 Hospital Road, Sai Ying Pun, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China
| | - Gloria Hoi Yan Wong
- Department of Social Work and Social Administration, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China
| | - Yee Lan Kwong
- Department of Chinese and Bilingual Studies, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Research Institute for Smart Ageing, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China
| | - Roy Chun-Laam Ng
- Division of Neuroscience, Faculty of Biology, Medicine & Health, University of Manchester, AV Hill Building, Oxford Road, Manchester, England, United Kingdom
| | - Michael Francis Burrow
- Division of Restorative Dental Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, 34 Hospital Road, Sai Ying Pun, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China
| | - Colman McGrath
- Division of Applied Oral Sciences & Community Dental Care, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, 34 Hospital Road, Sai Ying Pun, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China
| | - Hui Chen
- Division of Restorative Dental Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, 34 Hospital Road, Sai Ying Pun, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.
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Mukherjee A, Biswas S, Roy I. Immunotherapy: An emerging treatment option for neurodegenerative diseases. Drug Discov Today 2024; 29:103974. [PMID: 38555032 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2024.103974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Revised: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024]
Abstract
Accumulation of misfolded proteins and protein aggregates leading to degeneration of neurons is a hallmark of several neurodegenerative diseases. Therapy mostly relies on symptomatic relief. Immunotherapy offers a promising approach for the development of disease-modifying routes. Such strategies have shown remarkable results in oncology, and this promise is increasingly being realized for neurodegenerative diseases in advanced preclinical and clinical studies. This review highlights cases of passive and active immunotherapies in Parkinson's and Alzheimer's diseases. The reasons for success and failure, wherever available, and strategies to cross the blood-brain barrier, are discussed. The need for conditional modulation of the immune response is also reflected on.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhiyanta Mukherjee
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Sector 67, S.A.S. Nagar, Punjab 160062, India
| | - Soumojit Biswas
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Sector 67, S.A.S. Nagar, Punjab 160062, India
| | - Ipsita Roy
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Sector 67, S.A.S. Nagar, Punjab 160062, India.
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20
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Wang J, Shi L, Zhu X, Tang Q, Wu M, Li B, Liu W, Jin Y. Entropy-driven catalysis-based lateral flow assay for sensitive detection of Alzheimer 's-associated MicroRNA. Talanta 2024; 271:125656. [PMID: 38224658 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2024.125656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2023] [Revised: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 01/17/2024]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a degenerative disease of the brain worldwide. Currently, there is no effective cure. But accurate and early diagnosis of AD is critical to the development of patient care and future treatments. MiRNA-16 has been considered as an effective diagnostic biomarker for AD because of its regulatory effect on key proteins of AD. Herein, a colorimetric lateral flow assay (LFA) was developed for sensitive detection of miRNA-16 based on entropy-driven catalysis (EDC) amplification strategy. MiRNA-16 triggered EDC and released more linker DNAs (LDNA) of sandwich structure. Thus, AuNPs were enriched at the T-line to enhance the colorimetric signal and improve the sensitivity of visual assay. It showed good specificity and sensitivity for detecting miRNA-16 with a detection limit of 1.01 pM. The practical detection of miRNA-16 in human serum obtained satisfactory result. Significantly, EDC achieved signal amplification in homogeneous solution without enzyme and DNA labeling, leading to a cheap and easy detection of miRNA-16. Therefore, it provided a portable and rapid assay for AD-related nucleic acid, which holds a potential for point-of-care testing (POCT) of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Wang
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science of Shaanxi Province, Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, China.
| | - Lu Shi
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science of Shaanxi Province, Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, China
| | - Xinyu Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science of Shaanxi Province, Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, China
| | - Qiaorong Tang
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science of Shaanxi Province, Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, China
| | - Mengmeng Wu
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science of Shaanxi Province, Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, China
| | - Baoxin Li
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science of Shaanxi Province, Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, China
| | - Wei Liu
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science of Shaanxi Province, Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, China
| | - Yan Jin
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science of Shaanxi Province, Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, China.
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21
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Garcia DL, Gollan TH. Language switching and speaking a nondominant language challenge executive control: Preliminary data for novel behavioral markers of Alzheimer's risk in Spanish-English bilinguals. Neuropsychology 2024; 38:322-336. [PMID: 38330361 PMCID: PMC11035100 DOI: 10.1037/neu0000943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/10/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The present study explored psycholinguistic analysis of spoken responses produced in a structured interview and cued linguistic and nonlinguistic task switching as possible novel markers of Alzheimer's disease (AD) risk in Spanish-English bilinguals. METHOD Nineteen Spanish-English bilinguals completed an Oral Proficiency Interview (OPI) in both languages, cued-switching tasks, and a battery of traditional neuropsychological tests (in a separate testing session). All were cognitively healthy at the time of testing, but eight decliners were later diagnosed with AD (on average 4.5 years after testing; SD = 2.3), while 11 controls remained cognitively healthy. RESULTS Past studies showed picture naming was more sensitive to AD in the dominant than in the nondominant language, but we found the opposite for a composite measure of spoken utterances produced in the OPI that included revisions, repetitions, and filled pauses (RRFPs), which were especially sensitive to AD risk in the nondominant language. Errors produced on language switch trials best discriminated decliners from controls (in receiver operating characteristic curves), and though the nonlinguistic switching task was also sensitive to AD risk, it elicited more errors overall and was also negatively affected by increased age and low education level. CONCLUSIONS Speaking a nondominant language and errors in cued language switching provided sensitive and specific markers of pending cognitive decline and AD risk in bilinguals. These measures may reflect early decline in executive control abilities that are needed to plan and monitor the production of connected speech and to manage competition for selection between languages. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).
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Affiliation(s)
- Dalia L. Garcia
- Joint Doctoral Program in Language and Communicative Disorders, San Diego State University/University of California, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Tamar H. Gollan
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego
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22
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Marcolini S, Mondragón JD, Dominguez-Vega ZT, De Deyn PP, Maurits NM. Clinical variables contributing to the identification of biologically defined subgroups within cognitively unimpaired and mild cognitive impairment individuals. Eur J Neurol 2024; 31:e16235. [PMID: 38411289 DOI: 10.1111/ene.16235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Revised: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A lack of consensus exists in linking demographic, behavioral, and cognitive characteristics to biological stages of dementia, defined by the ATN (amyloid, tau, neurodegeneration) classification incorporating amyloid, tau, and neuronal injury biomarkers. METHODS Using a random forest classifier we investigated whether 27 demographic, behavioral, and cognitive characteristics allowed distinction between ATN-defined groups with the same cognitive profile. This was done separately for three cognitively unimpaired (CU) (112 A-T-N-; 46 A+T+N+/-; 65 A-T+/-N+/-) and three mild cognitive impairment (MCI) (128 A-T-N-; 223 A+T+N+/-; 94 A-T+/-N+/-) subgroups. RESULTS Classification-balanced accuracy reached 39% for the CU and 52% for the MCI subgroups. Logical Delayed Recall (explaining 16% of the variance), followed by the Alzheimer's Disease Assessment Scale 13 (14%) and Everyday Cognition Informant (10%), were the most relevant characteristics for classification of the MCI subgroups. Race and ethnicity, marital status, and Everyday Cognition Patient were not relevant (0%). CONCLUSIONS The demographic, behavioral, and cognitive measures used in our model were not informative in differentiating ATN-defined CU profiles. Measures of delayed memory, general cognition, and activities of daily living were the most informative in differentiating ATN-defined MCI profiles; however, these measures alone were not sufficient to reach high classification performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofia Marcolini
- University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Neurology, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Jaime D Mondragón
- University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Neurology, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Zeus T Dominguez-Vega
- University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Neurology, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Peter P De Deyn
- University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Neurology, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
- Laboratory of Neurochemistry and Behavior, Experimental Neurobiology Unit, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Natasha M Maurits
- University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Neurology, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
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23
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Ling Y, Hu L, Chen J, Zhao M, Dai X. The mechanism of mitochondrial metabolic gene PMAIP1 involved in Alzheimer's disease process based on bioinformatics analysis and experimental validation. Clinics (Sao Paulo) 2024; 79:100373. [PMID: 38692009 PMCID: PMC11070595 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinsp.2024.100373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Revised: 03/14/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study explored novel biomarkers that can affect the diagnosis and treatment in Alzheimer's Disease (AD) related to mitochondrial metabolism. METHODS The authors obtained the brain tissue datasets for AD from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) and downloaded the mitochondrial metabolism-related genes set from MitoCarta 3.0 for analysis. Differentially Expressed Genes (DEGs) were screened using the "limma" R package, and the biological functions and pathways were investigated by Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analyses. The LASSO algorithm was used to identify the candidate center genes and validated in the GSE97760 dataset. PMAIP1 with the highest diagnostic value was selected and its effect on the occurrence of AD by biological experiments. RESULTS A sum of 364 DEGs and 50 hub genes were ascertained. GO and KEGG enrichment analysis demonstrated that DEGs were preponderantly associated with cell metabolism and apoptosis. Five genes most associated with AD as candidate central genes by LASSO algorithm analysis. Then, the expression level and specificity of candidate central genes were verified by GSE97760 dataset, which confirmed that PMAIP1 had a high diagnostic value. Finally, the regulatory effects of PMAIP1 on apoptosis and mitochondrial function were detected by siRNA, flow cytometry and Western blot. siRNA-PMAIP1 can alleviate mitochondrial dysfunction and inhibit cell apoptosis. CONCLUSION This study identified biomarkers related to mitochondrial metabolism in AD and provided a theoretical basis for the diagnosis of AD. PMAIP1 was a potential candidate gene that may affect mitochondrial function in Hippocampal neuronal cells, and its mechanism deserves further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingchun Ling
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shaoxing Seventh People's Hospital, Shaoxing, Zhejiang, China
| | - Lingmin Hu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shaoxing Seventh People's Hospital, Shaoxing, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jie Chen
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shaoxing Seventh People's Hospital, Shaoxing, Zhejiang, China
| | - Mingyong Zhao
- Department of Geriatrics, Shaoxing Seventh People's Hospital, Shaoxing, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xinyang Dai
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shaoxing Seventh People's Hospital, Shaoxing, Zhejiang, China.
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24
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Lopez E, Etxebarria-Elezgarai J, García-Sebastián M, Altuna M, Ecay-Torres M, Estanga A, Tainta M, López C, Martínez-Lage P, Amigo JM, Seifert A. Unlocking Preclinical Alzheimer's: A Multi-Year Label-Free In Vitro Raman Spectroscopy Study Empowered by Chemometrics. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4737. [PMID: 38731955 PMCID: PMC11084676 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25094737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2024] [Revised: 04/23/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder, the early detection of which is crucial for timely intervention and enrollment in clinical trials. However, the preclinical diagnosis of Alzheimer's encounters difficulties with gold-standard methods. The current definitive diagnosis of Alzheimer's still relies on expensive instrumentation and post-mortem histological examinations. Here, we explore label-free Raman spectroscopy with machine learning as an alternative to preclinical Alzheimer's diagnosis. A special feature of this study is the inclusion of patient samples from different cohorts, sampled and measured in different years. To develop reliable classification models, partial least squares discriminant analysis in combination with variable selection methods identified discriminative molecules, including nucleic acids, amino acids, proteins, and carbohydrates such as taurine/hypotaurine and guanine, when applied to Raman spectra taken from dried samples of cerebrospinal fluid. The robustness of the model is remarkable, as the discriminative molecules could be identified in different cohorts and years. A unified model notably classifies preclinical Alzheimer's, which is particularly surprising because of Raman spectroscopy's high sensitivity regarding different measurement conditions. The presented results demonstrate the capability of Raman spectroscopy to detect preclinical Alzheimer's disease for the first time and offer invaluable opportunities for future clinical applications and diagnostic methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eneko Lopez
- CIC nanoGUNE BRTA, 20018 San Sebasián, Spain; (E.L.); (J.E.-E.)
- Department of Physics, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), 20018 San Sebastián, Spain
| | | | - Maite García-Sebastián
- Center for Research and Advanced Therapies, CITA-Alzhéimer Foundation, 20009 San Sebastián, Spain; (M.G.-S.); (M.A.); (M.E.-T.); (A.E.); (M.T.); (C.L.); (P.M.-L.)
| | - Miren Altuna
- Center for Research and Advanced Therapies, CITA-Alzhéimer Foundation, 20009 San Sebastián, Spain; (M.G.-S.); (M.A.); (M.E.-T.); (A.E.); (M.T.); (C.L.); (P.M.-L.)
| | - Mirian Ecay-Torres
- Center for Research and Advanced Therapies, CITA-Alzhéimer Foundation, 20009 San Sebastián, Spain; (M.G.-S.); (M.A.); (M.E.-T.); (A.E.); (M.T.); (C.L.); (P.M.-L.)
| | - Ainara Estanga
- Center for Research and Advanced Therapies, CITA-Alzhéimer Foundation, 20009 San Sebastián, Spain; (M.G.-S.); (M.A.); (M.E.-T.); (A.E.); (M.T.); (C.L.); (P.M.-L.)
| | - Mikel Tainta
- Center for Research and Advanced Therapies, CITA-Alzhéimer Foundation, 20009 San Sebastián, Spain; (M.G.-S.); (M.A.); (M.E.-T.); (A.E.); (M.T.); (C.L.); (P.M.-L.)
| | - Carolina López
- Center for Research and Advanced Therapies, CITA-Alzhéimer Foundation, 20009 San Sebastián, Spain; (M.G.-S.); (M.A.); (M.E.-T.); (A.E.); (M.T.); (C.L.); (P.M.-L.)
| | - Pablo Martínez-Lage
- Center for Research and Advanced Therapies, CITA-Alzhéimer Foundation, 20009 San Sebastián, Spain; (M.G.-S.); (M.A.); (M.E.-T.); (A.E.); (M.T.); (C.L.); (P.M.-L.)
| | - Jose Manuel Amigo
- IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, 48009 Bilbao, Spain
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country, 48940 Leioa, Spain
| | - Andreas Seifert
- CIC nanoGUNE BRTA, 20018 San Sebasián, Spain; (E.L.); (J.E.-E.)
- IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, 48009 Bilbao, Spain
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25
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Affinito G, Salerno V, Di Gennaro M, Scafa L, Russo A, Fumo MG, Giordana R, Falco F, Della Pia F, Di Cecca A, Migliaccio M, Ilardi CR, Criscuolo C, Spisto M, Triassi M, Brescia Morra V, Palladino R, Salvatore E, Moccia M. Incidence and Prevalence of Dementia: A 2015-2020 Population-Based Study in the Campania Region of Italy. Neuroepidemiology 2024:1-12. [PMID: 38657587 DOI: 10.1159/000539031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aims of this study were to provide population-based estimates of prevalence and incidence of any dementia and Alzheimer's dementia (AD) in the Campania region (South Italy) and to validate towards a clinical registry. METHODS This was a population-based study, using routinely collected healthcare data of individuals living in the Campania region (South Italy) from 2015 to 2020. We included individuals aged ≥65 years alive at the prevalence day (January 1, 2021) who had at least one administrative record for dementia and/or AD from 2015 to 2020. Age-and sex-standardised prevalence rates were calculated using direct standardisation method (European population in 2020 as the reference population). To estimate the incidence, we tested three possible algorithms, which differed for the duration of the time interval between study baseline (January 1, 2015) and index date (first record for dementia and/or AD in administrative databases). We employed a clinical database for the validation of our algorithms towards neuropsychological test results. RESULTS Among individuals aged over 65 years, 80,392 had dementia, of which 35,748 had AD. The age- and sex-standardised prevalence rates per 1,000 individuals for any dementia and AD were 77.64 (95% confidence interval [CI] = 77.57; 77.68) and 34.05 (95% CI = 34.01; 34.09), respectively. There were 82.10 incident cases of any dementia per 100,000 per year (0.79 sensitivity and 0.62 specificity) and 59.89 incident cases of AD per 100,000 per year (0.80 sensitivity and 0.59 specificity). The capture-recapture method showed a very low number of undetected cases (1.7% for any dementia and 3.0% for AD). Our algorithms showed acceptable performance with the area under the curve ranging from 0.59 to 0.72 and a double likelihood ratio of correctly identifying individuals above and below mini-mental status examination (MMSE) standard cut-offs (24 and 26). CONCLUSIONS Prevalence and incidence of any dementia and AD in the Campania region (South Italy) from 2015 to 2020 are in line with previous estimates from other countries. Our algorithm, integrating administrative and clinical data, holds potential for assessing dementia's epidemiological burden, identifying risk factors, planning healthcare access, and developing prevention strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppina Affinito
- Department of Public Health, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy,
| | - Vito Salerno
- Regional Healthcare Society (So.Re.Sa), Naples, Italy
| | - Massimo Di Gennaro
- Innovation and Data Analytics, Regional Healthcare Society (So.Re.Sa), Naples, Italy
| | - Luca Scafa
- Regional Healthcare Society (So.Re.Sa), Naples, Italy
| | | | | | | | - Fabrizia Falco
- Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive Science and Odontostomatology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Flavio Della Pia
- Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive Science and Odontostomatology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | | | | | | | - Chiara Criscuolo
- Neurology Unit, Policlinico Federico II University Hospital, Naples, Italy
| | - Myriam Spisto
- Department of Psychology, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Caserta, Italy
| | - Maria Triassi
- Department of Public Health, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Brescia Morra
- Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive Science and Odontostomatology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
- Multiple Sclerosis Unit, Policlinico Federico II University Hospital, Naples, Italy
| | - Raffaele Palladino
- Department of Public Health, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
- Department of Primary Care and Public Health, Imperial College, London, UK
| | - Elena Salvatore
- Cognitive Impairment and Neurorehabilitation Unit, Policlinico Federico II University Hospital, Naples, Italy
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Marcello Moccia
- Neurology Unit, Policlinico Federico II University Hospital, Naples, Italy
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
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26
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Macoir J, Tremblay P, Beaudoin S, Parent M, Hudon C. Impaired lexical access for unique entities in individuals with subjective cognitive decline. APPLIED NEUROPSYCHOLOGY. ADULT 2024:1-11. [PMID: 38648449 DOI: 10.1080/23279095.2024.2344636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
Subjective cognitive decline (SCD) may serve as an early indicator of Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, accurately quantifying cognitive impairment in SCD is challenging, mainly because existing assessment tools lack sensitivity. This study examined how tasks specifically designed to assess knowledge of famous people, could potentially aid in identifying cognitive impairment in SCD. A total of 60 adults with SCD and 60 healthy controls (HCs) aged 50 to 82 years performed a famous people verbal fluency task and a famous people naming task. In the famous people fluency task, the results showed that the individuals with SCD produced significantly fewer famous names in the total time allowed than the HCs, and this difference was also found in the first and the second time interval. In the famous people naming task, the performance of the SCD group was significantly lower than that of the HC group only in the more recent period of fame. Overall, these results suggest that retrieving the names of famous people was more difficult for people with SCD than for people without cognitive complaints. They also suggest that famous people verbal fluency and naming tasks could be useful in detecting cognitive decline at the preclinical stage of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joël Macoir
- Faculté de Médecine, École des Sciences de la Réadaptation, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
- Centre de Recherche CERVO-Brain Research Centre, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Pascale Tremblay
- Faculté de Médecine, École des Sciences de la Réadaptation, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
- Centre de Recherche CERVO-Brain Research Centre, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Stéphanie Beaudoin
- Faculté de Médecine, École des Sciences de la Réadaptation, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Mathias Parent
- Faculté de Médecine, École des Sciences de la Réadaptation, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Carol Hudon
- Centre de Recherche CERVO-Brain Research Centre, Québec, QC, Canada
- Faculté des Sciences Sociales, École de Psychologie, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
- Centre de Recherche VITAM, Québec, QC, Canada
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27
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Yu X, Sun X, Wei M, Deng S, Zhang Q, Guo T, Shao K, Zhang M, Jiang J, Han Y. Innovative Multivariable Model Combining MRI Radiomics and Plasma Indexes Predicts Alzheimer's Disease Conversion: Evidence from a 2-Cohort Longitudinal Study. RESEARCH (WASHINGTON, D.C.) 2024; 7:0354. [PMID: 38711474 PMCID: PMC11070845 DOI: 10.34133/research.0354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
To explore the complementary relationship between magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) radiomic and plasma biomarkers in the early diagnosis and conversion prediction of Alzheimer's disease (AD), our study aims to develop an innovative multivariable prediction model that integrates those two for predicting conversion results in AD. This longitudinal multicentric cohort study included 2 independent cohorts: the Sino Longitudinal Study on Cognitive Decline (SILCODE) project and the Alzheimer Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI). We collected comprehensive assessments, MRI, plasma samples, and amyloid positron emission tomography data. A multivariable logistic regression analysis was applied to combine plasma and MRI radiomics biomarkers and generate a new composite indicator. The optimal model's performance and generalizability were assessed across populations in 2 cross-racial cohorts. A total of 897 subjects were included, including 635 from the SILCODE cohort (mean [SD] age, 64.93 [6.78] years; 343 [63%] female) and 262 from the ADNI cohort (mean [SD] age, 73.96 [7.06] years; 140 [53%] female). The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of the optimal model was 0.9414 and 0.8979 in the training and validation dataset, respectively. A calibration analysis displayed excellent consistency between the prognosis and actual observation. The findings of the present study provide a valuable diagnostic tool for identifying at-risk individuals for AD and highlight the pivotal role of the radiomic biomarker. Importantly, built upon data-driven analyses commonly seen in previous radiomics studies, our research delves into AD pathology to further elucidate the underlying reasons behind the robust predictive performance of the MRI radiomic predictor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianfeng Yu
- Department of Neurology,
Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Xiaoming Sun
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, School of Life Science,
Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Min Wei
- Department of Neurology,
Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Shuqing Deng
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen 518132, China
| | - Qi Zhang
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, School of Life Science,
Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Tengfei Guo
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen 518132, China
| | - Kai Shao
- Department of Neurology,
Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, China
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Mingkai Zhang
- Department of Neurology,
Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Jiehui Jiang
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, School of Life Science,
Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Ying Han
- Department of Neurology,
Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, China
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen 518132, China
- Center of Alzheimer’s Disease,
Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing 100069, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Beijing 100053, China
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28
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Moschopoulos CD, Stanitsa E, Protopapas K, Kavatha D, Papageorgiou SG, Antoniadou A, Papadopoulos A. Multimodal Approach to Neurocognitive Function in People Living with HIV in the cART Era: A Comprehensive Review. Life (Basel) 2024; 14:508. [PMID: 38672778 PMCID: PMC11050956 DOI: 10.3390/life14040508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2024] [Revised: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 04/13/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Combination antiretroviral treatment (cART) has revolutionized the management of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and has markedly improved the disease burden and life expectancy of people living with HIV. HIV enters the central nervous system (CNS) early in the course of infection, establishes latency, and produces a pro-inflammatory milieu that may affect cognitive functions, even in the cART era. Whereas severe forms of neurocognitive impairment (NCI) such as HIV-associated dementia have declined over the last decades, milder forms have become more prevalent, are commonly multifactorial, and are associated with comorbidity burdens, mental health, cART neurotoxicity, and ageing. Since 2007, the Frascati criteria have been used to characterize and classify HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND) into three stages, namely asymptomatic neurocognitive impairment (ANI), mild neurocognitive disorder (MND), and HIV-associated dementia (HAD). These criteria are based on a comprehensive neuropsychological assessment that presupposes the availability of validated, demographically adjusted, and normative population data. Novel neuroimaging modalities and biomarkers have been proposed in order to complement NCI assessments, elucidate neuropathogenic mechanisms, and support HIV-associated NCI diagnosis, monitoring, and prognosis. By integrating neuropsychological assessments with biomarkers and neuroimaging into a holistic care approach, clinicians can enhance diagnostic accuracy, prognosis, and patient outcomes. This review interrogates the value of these modes of assessment and proposes a unified approach to NCI diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charalampos D. Moschopoulos
- 4th Department of Internal Medicine, Medical School of Athens, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Attikon University Hospital, 12462 Athens, Greece; (K.P.); (D.K.); (A.A.); (A.P.)
| | - Evangelia Stanitsa
- 1st Department of Neurology, Medical School of Athens, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Eginition Hospital, 11528 Athens, Greece; (E.S.); (S.G.P.)
| | - Konstantinos Protopapas
- 4th Department of Internal Medicine, Medical School of Athens, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Attikon University Hospital, 12462 Athens, Greece; (K.P.); (D.K.); (A.A.); (A.P.)
| | - Dimitra Kavatha
- 4th Department of Internal Medicine, Medical School of Athens, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Attikon University Hospital, 12462 Athens, Greece; (K.P.); (D.K.); (A.A.); (A.P.)
| | - Sokratis G. Papageorgiou
- 1st Department of Neurology, Medical School of Athens, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Eginition Hospital, 11528 Athens, Greece; (E.S.); (S.G.P.)
| | - Anastasia Antoniadou
- 4th Department of Internal Medicine, Medical School of Athens, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Attikon University Hospital, 12462 Athens, Greece; (K.P.); (D.K.); (A.A.); (A.P.)
| | - Antonios Papadopoulos
- 4th Department of Internal Medicine, Medical School of Athens, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Attikon University Hospital, 12462 Athens, Greece; (K.P.); (D.K.); (A.A.); (A.P.)
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Villain N, Michalon R. What is Alzheimer's disease? An analysis of nosological perspectives from the 20th and 21st centuries. Eur J Neurol 2024:e16302. [PMID: 38618742 DOI: 10.1111/ene.16302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2024] [Revised: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent US proposals suggest defining Alzheimer's disease (AD) based on β-amyloidosis alone. This sparked debates that echoed historical ones about the significance of brain lesions and clinical phenotype. METHODS This review covers debates on AD nosology through three key periods: AD's discovery in German-speaking countries in the early 20th century, its redefinition in Anglo-Saxon countries in the 1960s-1980s, and current debates on the biological or clinicobiological definitions of AD. Key players' opinions are focused on. RESULTS At the beginning of the 20th century, AD was defined as a clinicopathological entity. Debates arose around the pathological anchor, which included extended neurofibrillary tangles versus neuritic plaques (Alzheimer vs. Fischer) and its association with senile dementia (Kraepelin). In the 1960s-1980s, the debate shifted towards whether AD could be diagnosed using qualitative or quantitative neuropathological features and whether it was a unique process (Terry and Katzman) or had subtypes (Roth). The current definition proposed by the US Alzheimer's Association is based purely on biological β-amyloid abnormalities and represents a double break: from the historical clinicopathological definition of AD and from the historical emphasis on tau or combined tau and β-amyloid high levels of pathology. Conversely, the clinicobiological proposal of the International Working Group remains aligned with historical concepts of AD. CONCLUSIONS This historical perspective illustrates the unresolved questions surrounding AD pathogenesis, role of lesions, and the clinical phenotype, especially for sporadic cases. The intense nosological debates throughout the history of AD also illustrate the diversity of theoretical frameworks for defining disease in medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Villain
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM U1127, CNRS 7225, Institut du Cerveau-ICM, Paris, France
- Department of Neurology, Institute of Memory and Alzheimer's Disease, AP-HP Sorbonne Université, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Robin Michalon
- École des Hautes Etudes en Sciences Sociales, Paris, France
- CAK-CRHST - Centre Alexandre Koyré - Centre de Recherche en Histoire des Sciences et des Techniques, Paris, France
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Agnello L, Gambino CM, Ciaccio AM, Masucci A, Vassallo R, Tamburello M, Scazzone C, Lo Sasso B, Ciaccio M. Molecular Biomarkers of Neurodegenerative Disorders: A Practical Guide to Their Appropriate Use and Interpretation in Clinical Practice. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4323. [PMID: 38673907 PMCID: PMC11049959 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25084323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2024] [Revised: 04/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Neurodegenerative disorders (NDs) represent a group of different diseases characterized by the progressive degeneration and death of the nervous system's cells. The diagnosis is challenging, especially in the early stages, due to no specific clinical signs and symptoms. In this context, laboratory medicine could support clinicians in detecting and differentiating NDs. Indeed, biomarkers could indicate the pathological mechanisms underpinning NDs. The ideal biofluid for detecting the biomarkers of NDs is cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), which has limitations, hampering its widespread use in clinical practice. However, intensive efforts are underway to introduce high-sensitivity analytical methods to detect ND biomarkers in alternative nonivasive biofluid, such as blood or saliva. This study presents an overview of the ND molecular biomarkers currently used in clinical practice. For some diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease or multiple sclerosis, biomarkers are well established and recommended by guidelines. However, for most NDs, intensive research is ongoing to identify reliable and specific biomarkers, and no consensus has yet been achieved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luisa Agnello
- Institute of Clinical Biochemistry, Clinical Molecular Medicine, and Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Diagnostics, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (L.A.); (C.M.G.); (A.M.); (R.V.); (M.T.); (C.S.); (B.L.S.)
| | - Caterina Maria Gambino
- Institute of Clinical Biochemistry, Clinical Molecular Medicine, and Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Diagnostics, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (L.A.); (C.M.G.); (A.M.); (R.V.); (M.T.); (C.S.); (B.L.S.)
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital “P. Giaccone”, 90127 Palermo, Italy
| | - Anna Maria Ciaccio
- Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties “G. D’Alessandro”, Department of Health Promotion, Maternal and Infant Care, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy;
| | - Anna Masucci
- Institute of Clinical Biochemistry, Clinical Molecular Medicine, and Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Diagnostics, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (L.A.); (C.M.G.); (A.M.); (R.V.); (M.T.); (C.S.); (B.L.S.)
| | - Roberta Vassallo
- Institute of Clinical Biochemistry, Clinical Molecular Medicine, and Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Diagnostics, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (L.A.); (C.M.G.); (A.M.); (R.V.); (M.T.); (C.S.); (B.L.S.)
| | - Martina Tamburello
- Institute of Clinical Biochemistry, Clinical Molecular Medicine, and Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Diagnostics, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (L.A.); (C.M.G.); (A.M.); (R.V.); (M.T.); (C.S.); (B.L.S.)
| | - Concetta Scazzone
- Institute of Clinical Biochemistry, Clinical Molecular Medicine, and Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Diagnostics, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (L.A.); (C.M.G.); (A.M.); (R.V.); (M.T.); (C.S.); (B.L.S.)
| | - Bruna Lo Sasso
- Institute of Clinical Biochemistry, Clinical Molecular Medicine, and Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Diagnostics, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (L.A.); (C.M.G.); (A.M.); (R.V.); (M.T.); (C.S.); (B.L.S.)
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital “P. Giaccone”, 90127 Palermo, Italy
| | - Marcello Ciaccio
- Institute of Clinical Biochemistry, Clinical Molecular Medicine, and Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Diagnostics, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (L.A.); (C.M.G.); (A.M.); (R.V.); (M.T.); (C.S.); (B.L.S.)
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital “P. Giaccone”, 90127 Palermo, Italy
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31
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Huszár Z, Engh MA, Pavlekovics M, Sato T, Steenkamp Y, Hanseeuw B, Terebessy T, Molnár Z, Hegyi P, Csukly G. Risk of conversion to mild cognitive impairment or dementia among subjects with amyloid and tau pathology: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Alzheimers Res Ther 2024; 16:81. [PMID: 38610055 PMCID: PMC11015617 DOI: 10.1186/s13195-024-01455-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Measurement of beta-amyloid (Aβ) and phosphorylated tau (p-tau) levels offers the potential for early detection of neurocognitive impairment. Still, the probability of developing a clinical syndrome in the presence of these protein changes (A+ and T+) remains unclear. By performing a systematic review and meta-analysis, we investigated the risk of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) or dementia in the non-demented population with A+ and A- alone and in combination with T+ and T- as confirmed by PET or cerebrospinal fluid examination. METHODS A systematic search of prospective and retrospective studies investigating the association of Aβ and p-tau with cognitive decline was performed in three databases (MEDLINE via PubMed, EMBASE, and CENTRAL) on January 9, 2024. The risk of bias was assessed using the Cochrane QUIPS tool. Odds ratios (OR) and Hazard Ratios (HR) were pooled using a random-effects model. The effect of neurodegeneration was not studied due to its non-specific nature. RESULTS A total of 18,162 records were found, and at the end of the selection process, data from 36 cohorts were pooled (n= 7,793). Compared to the unexposed group, the odds ratio (OR) for conversion to dementia in A+ MCI patients was 5.18 [95% CI 3.93; 6.81]. In A+ CU subjects, the OR for conversion to MCI or dementia was 5.79 [95% CI 2.88; 11.64]. Cerebrospinal fluid Aβ42 or Aβ42/40 analysis and amyloid PET imaging showed consistent results. The OR for conversion in A+T+ MCI subjects (11.60 [95% CI 7.96; 16.91]) was significantly higher than in A+T- subjects (2.73 [95% CI 1.65; 4.52]). The OR for A-T+ MCI subjects was non-significant (1.47 [95% CI 0.55; 3.92]). CU subjects with A+T+ status had a significantly higher OR for conversion (13.46 [95% CI 3.69; 49.11]) than A+T- subjects (2.04 [95% CI 0.70; 5.97]). Meta-regression showed that the ORs for Aβ exposure decreased with age in MCI. (beta = -0.04 [95% CI -0.03 to -0.083]). CONCLUSIONS Identifying Aβ-positive individuals, irrespective of the measurement technique employed (CSF or PET), enables the detection of the most at-risk population before disease onset, or at least at a mild stage. The inclusion of tau status in addition to Aβ, especially in A+T+ cases, further refines the risk assessment. Notably, the higher odds ratio associated with Aβ decreases with age. TRIAL REGISTRATION The study was registered in PROSPERO (ID: CRD42021288100).
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Affiliation(s)
- Zsolt Huszár
- Centre for Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, Üllői út 26, Budapest, 1085, Hungary
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Semmelweis University, Balassa utca 6, Budapest, 1083, Hungary
| | - Marie Anne Engh
- Centre for Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, Üllői út 26, Budapest, 1085, Hungary
| | - Márk Pavlekovics
- Centre for Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, Üllői út 26, Budapest, 1085, Hungary
- Department of Neurology, Jahn Ferenc Teaching Hospital, Köves utca 1, Budapest, 1204, Hungary
| | - Tomoya Sato
- Centre for Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, Üllői út 26, Budapest, 1085, Hungary
| | - Yalea Steenkamp
- Centre for Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, Üllői út 26, Budapest, 1085, Hungary
| | - Bernard Hanseeuw
- Department of Neurology and Institute of Neuroscience, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, 1200, Belgium
- Department of Radiology, Gordon Center for Medical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02155, USA
| | - Tamás Terebessy
- Centre for Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, Üllői út 26, Budapest, 1085, Hungary
| | - Zsolt Molnár
- Centre for Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, Üllői út 26, Budapest, 1085, Hungary
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Therapy, Semmelweis University, Üllői út 78/A, Budapest, Hungary
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Therapy, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 49 Przybyszewskiego St, Poznan, Poland
| | - Péter Hegyi
- Centre for Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, Üllői út 26, Budapest, 1085, Hungary
- Institute for Translational Medicine, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, 7624, Hungary
- Institute of Pancreatic Diseases, Semmelweis University, Tömő 25-29, Budapest, 1083, Hungary
- Translational Pancreatology Research Group, Interdisciplinary Centre of Excellence for Research Development and Innovation University of Szeged, Budapesti 9, Szeged, 6728, Hungary
| | - Gábor Csukly
- Centre for Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, Üllői út 26, Budapest, 1085, Hungary.
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Semmelweis University, Balassa utca 6, Budapest, 1083, Hungary.
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Shue F, White LJ, Hendrix R, Ulrich J, Henson RL, Knight W, Martens YA, Wang N, Roy B, Starling SC, Ren Y, Xiong C, Asmann YW, Syrjanen JA, Vassilaki M, Mielke MM, Timsina J, Sung YJ, Cruchaga C, Holtzman DM, Bu G, Petersen RC, Heckman MG, Kanekiyo T. CSF biomarkers of immune activation and Alzheimer's disease for predicting cognitive impairment risk in the elderly. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2024; 10:eadk3674. [PMID: 38569027 PMCID: PMC10990276 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adk3674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
The immune system substantially influences age-related cognitive decline and Alzheimer's disease (AD) progression, affected by genetic and environmental factors. In a Mayo Clinic Study of Aging cohort, we examined how risk factors like APOE genotype, age, and sex affect inflammatory molecules and AD biomarkers in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). Among cognitively unimpaired individuals over 65 (N = 298), we measured 365 CSF inflammatory molecules, finding age, sex, and diabetes status predominantly influencing their levels. We observed age-related correlations with AD biomarkers such as total tau, phosphorylated tau-181, neurofilament light chain (NfL), and YKL40. APOE4 was associated with lower Aβ42 and higher SNAP25 in CSF. We explored baseline variables predicting cognitive decline risk, finding age, CSF Aβ42, NfL, and REG4 to be independently correlated. Subjects with older age, lower Aβ42, higher NfL, and higher REG4 at baseline had increased cognitive impairment risk during follow-up. This suggests that assessing CSF inflammatory molecules and AD biomarkers could predict cognitive impairment risk in the elderly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francis Shue
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA
| | - Launia J. White
- Division of Clinical Trials and Biostatistics, Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA
| | - Rachel Hendrix
- Department of Neurology, Hope Center for Neurological Disorders, Knight Alzheimer’s Disease Research Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Jason Ulrich
- Department of Neurology, Hope Center for Neurological Disorders, Knight Alzheimer’s Disease Research Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Rachel L. Henson
- Department of Neurology, Hope Center for Neurological Disorders, Knight Alzheimer’s Disease Research Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - William Knight
- Department of Neurology, Hope Center for Neurological Disorders, Knight Alzheimer’s Disease Research Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Yuka A. Martens
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA
| | - Ni Wang
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA
| | - Bhaskar Roy
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA
| | | | - Yingxue Ren
- Division of Clinical Trials and Biostatistics, Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA
| | - Chengjie Xiong
- Division of Biostatistics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 93110, USA
| | - Yan W. Asmann
- Division of Clinical Trials and Biostatistics, Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA
| | - Jeremy A. Syrjanen
- Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, Mayo Clinic, Rochester MN 55905, USA
| | - Maria Vassilaki
- Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, Mayo Clinic, Rochester MN 55905, USA
| | - Michelle M. Mielke
- Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, Mayo Clinic, Rochester MN 55905, USA
| | - Jigyasha Timsina
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 93110, USA
| | - Yun Ju Sung
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 93110, USA
| | - Carlos Cruchaga
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 93110, USA
| | - David M. Holtzman
- Department of Neurology, Hope Center for Neurological Disorders, Knight Alzheimer’s Disease Research Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Guojun Bu
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA
| | | | - Michael G. Heckman
- Division of Clinical Trials and Biostatistics, Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA
| | - Takahisa Kanekiyo
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA
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Corriveau-Lecavalier N, Barnard LR, Botha H, Graff-Radford J, Ramanan VK, Lee J, Dicks E, Rademakers R, Boeve BF, Machulda MM, Fields JA, Dickson DW, Graff-Radford N, Knopman DS, Lowe VJ, Petersen RC, Jack CR, Jones DT. Uncovering the distinct macro-scale anatomy of dysexecutive and behavioural degenerative diseases. Brain 2024; 147:1483-1496. [PMID: 37831661 PMCID: PMC10994526 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awad356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Revised: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
There is a longstanding ambiguity regarding the clinical diagnosis of dementia syndromes predominantly targeting executive functions versus behaviour and personality. This is due to an incomplete understanding of the macro-scale anatomy underlying these symptomatologies, a partial overlap in clinical features and the fact that both phenotypes can emerge from the same pathology and vice versa. We collected data from a patient cohort of which 52 had dysexecutive Alzheimer's disease, 30 had behavioural variant frontotemporal dementia (bvFTD), seven met clinical criteria for bvFTD but had Alzheimer's disease pathology (behavioural Alzheimer's disease) and 28 had amnestic Alzheimer's disease. We first assessed group-wise differences in clinical and cognitive features and patterns of fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) PET hypometabolism. We then performed a spectral decomposition of covariance between FDG-PET images to yield latent patterns of relative hypometabolism unbiased by diagnostic classification, which are referred to as 'eigenbrains'. These eigenbrains were subsequently linked to clinical and cognitive data and meta-analytic topics from a large external database of neuroimaging studies reflecting a wide range of mental functions. Finally, we performed a data-driven exploratory linear discriminant analysis to perform eigenbrain-based multiclass diagnostic predictions. Dysexecutive Alzheimer's disease and bvFTD patients were the youngest at symptom onset, followed by behavioural Alzheimer's disease, then amnestic Alzheimer's disease. Dysexecutive Alzheimer's disease patients had worse cognitive performance on nearly all cognitive domains compared with other groups, except verbal fluency which was equally impaired in dysexecutive Alzheimer's disease and bvFTD. Hypometabolism was observed in heteromodal cortices in dysexecutive Alzheimer's disease, temporo-parietal areas in amnestic Alzheimer's disease and frontotemporal areas in bvFTD and behavioural Alzheimer's disease. The unbiased spectral decomposition analysis revealed that relative hypometabolism in heteromodal cortices was associated with worse dysexecutive symptomatology and a lower likelihood of presenting with behaviour/personality problems, whereas relative hypometabolism in frontotemporal areas was associated with a higher likelihood of presenting with behaviour/personality problems but did not correlate with most cognitive measures. The linear discriminant analysis yielded an accuracy of 82.1% in predicting diagnostic category and did not misclassify any dysexecutive Alzheimer's disease patient for behavioural Alzheimer's disease and vice versa. Our results strongly suggest a double dissociation in that distinct macro-scale underpinnings underlie predominant dysexecutive versus personality/behavioural symptomatology in dementia syndromes. This has important implications for the implementation of criteria to diagnose and distinguish these diseases and supports the use of data-driven techniques to inform the classification of neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Hugo Botha
- Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | | | - Vijay K Ramanan
- Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Jeyeon Lee
- Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Ellen Dicks
- Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Rosa Rademakers
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA
- Center for Molecular Neurology, Antwerp University, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Bradley F Boeve
- Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Mary M Machulda
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Julie A Fields
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Dennis W Dickson
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA
| | | | - David S Knopman
- Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Val J Lowe
- Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | | | - Clifford R Jack
- Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - David T Jones
- Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
- Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
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Yang Y, Chen W, Lin Z, Wu Y, Li Y, Xia X. Panax notoginseng saponins prevent dementia and oxidative stress in brains of SAMP8 mice by enhancing mitophagy. BMC Complement Med Ther 2024; 24:144. [PMID: 38575939 PMCID: PMC10993618 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-024-04403-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mitochondrial dysfunction is one of the distinctive features of neurons in patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD). Intraneuronal autophagosomes selectively phagocytose and degrade the damaged mitochondria, mitigating neuronal damage in AD. Panax notoginseng saponins (PNS) can effectively reduce oxidative stress and mitochondrial damage in the brain of animals with AD, but their exact mechanism of action is unknown. METHODS Senescence-accelerated mouse prone 8 (SAMP8) mice with age-related AD were treated with PNS for 8 weeks. The effects of PNS on learning and memory abilities, cerebral oxidative stress status, and hippocampus ultrastructure of mice were observed. Moreover, changes of the PTEN-induced putative kinase 1 (PINK1)-Parkin, which regulates ubiquitin-dependent mitophagy, and the recruit of downstream autophagy receptors were investigated. RESULTS PNS attenuated cognitive dysfunction in SAMP8 mice in the Morris water maze test. PNS also enhanced glutathione peroxidase and superoxide dismutase activities, and increased glutathione levels by 25.92% and 45.55% while inhibiting 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine by 27.74% and the malondialdehyde production by 34.02% in the brains of SAMP8 mice. Our observation revealed the promotion of mitophagy, which was accompanied by an increase in microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 (LC3) mRNA and 70.00% increase of LC3-II/I protein ratio in the brain tissues of PNS-treated mice. PNS treatment increased Parkin mRNA and protein expression by 62.80% and 43.80%, while increasing the mRNA transcription and protein expression of mitophagic receptors such as optineurin, and nuclear dot protein 52. CONCLUSION PNS enhanced the PINK1/Parkin pathway and facilitated mitophagy in the hippocampus, thereby preventing cerebral oxidative stress in SAMP8 mice. This may be a mechanism contributing to the cognition-improvement effect of PNS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingying Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, 530200, China
| | - Wenya Chen
- Key Laboratory of TCM Neuro-metabolism and Immunopharmacology of Guangxi Education Department, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, 530200, China
| | - Zhenmei Lin
- School of Pharmacy, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, 530200, China
| | - Yijing Wu
- School of Pharmacy, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, 530200, China
| | - Yuqing Li
- School of Public Health and Management, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, 530200, China.
| | - Xing Xia
- Key Laboratory of TCM Neuro-metabolism and Immunopharmacology of Guangxi Education Department, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, 530200, China.
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35
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Dei Cas A, Micheli MM, Aldigeri R, Gardini S, Ferrari-Pellegrini F, Perini M, Messa G, Antonini M, Spigoni V, Cinquegrani G, Vazzana A, Moretti V, Caffarra P, Bonadonna RC. Long-acting exenatide does not prevent cognitive decline in mild cognitive impairment: a proof-of-concept clinical trial. J Endocrinol Invest 2024:10.1007/s40618-024-02320-7. [PMID: 38565814 DOI: 10.1007/s40618-024-02320-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE According to preclinical evidence, GLP-1 receptor may be an actionable target in neurodegenerative disorders, including Alzheimer's disease (AD). Previous clinical trials of GLP-1 receptor agonists were conducted in patients with early AD, yielding mixed results. The aim was to assess in a proof-of-concept study whether slow-release exenatide, a long-acting GLP-1 agonist, can benefit the cognitive performance of people with mild cognitive impairment (MCI). METHODS Thirty-two (16 females) patients were randomized to either slow-release exenatide (n = 17; 2 mg s.c. once a week) or no treatment (n = 15) for 32 weeks. The primary endpoint was the change in ADAS-Cog11 cognitive test score at 32 weeks vs baseline. Secondary endpoints herein reported included additional cognitive tests and plasma readouts of GLP-1 receptor engagement. Statistical analysis was conducted by intention to treat. RESULTS No significant between-group effects of exenatide on ADAS-Cog11 score (p = 0.17) were detected. A gender interaction with treatment was observed (p = 0.04), due to worsening of the ADAS-Cog11 score in women randomized to exenatide (p = 0.018), after correction for age, scholar level, dysglycemia, and ADAS-Cog score baseline value. Fasting plasma glucose (p = 0.02) and body weight (p = 0.03) decreased in patients randomized to exenatide. CONCLUSION In patients with MCI, a 32-week trial with slow-release exenatide had no beneficial effect on cognitive performance. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER NCT03881371, registered on 21 July, 2016.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Dei Cas
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Via Gramsci 14, 43126, Parma, Italy.
- Division of Nutritional and Metabolic Sciences, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Parma, Via Gramsci 14, 43126, Parma, Italy.
| | - M M Micheli
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Parma, Via Gramsci 14, 43126, Parma, Italy
| | - R Aldigeri
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Via Gramsci 14, 43126, Parma, Italy
| | - S Gardini
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Via Gramsci 14, 43126, Parma, Italy
| | - F Ferrari-Pellegrini
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Via Gramsci 14, 43126, Parma, Italy
| | - M Perini
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Via Gramsci 14, 43126, Parma, Italy
| | - G Messa
- Center for Cognitive Disorders, AUSL Parma, Via Verona 36, Parma, Italy
| | - M Antonini
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Parma, Via Gramsci 14, 43126, Parma, Italy
| | - V Spigoni
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Via Gramsci 14, 43126, Parma, Italy
| | - G Cinquegrani
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Via Gramsci 14, 43126, Parma, Italy
| | - A Vazzana
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Parma, Via Gramsci 14, 43126, Parma, Italy
| | - V Moretti
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Parma, Via Gramsci 14, 43126, Parma, Italy
| | - P Caffarra
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Section of Neuroscience, University of Parma, Via Gramsci 14, 43126, Parma, Italy
| | - R C Bonadonna
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Via Gramsci 14, 43126, Parma, Italy
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Parma, Via Gramsci 14, 43126, Parma, Italy
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Ferrari-Souza JP, Brum WS, Hauschild LA, Da Ros LU, Ferreira PCL, Bellaver B, Leffa DT, Bieger A, Tissot C, Lussier FZ, De Bastiani MA, Povala G, Benedet AL, Therriault J, Wang YT, Ashton NJ, Zetterberg H, Blennow K, Martins SO, Souza DO, Rosa-Neto P, Karikari TK, Pascoal TA, Zimmer ER. Vascular risk burden is a key player in the early progression of Alzheimer's disease. Neurobiol Aging 2024; 136:88-98. [PMID: 38335912 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2023.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
Understanding whether vascular risk factors (VRFs) synergistically potentiate Alzheimer's disease (AD) progression is important in the context of emerging treatments for preclinical AD. In a group of 503 cognitively unimpaired individuals, we tested whether VRF burden interacts with AD pathophysiology to accelerate neurodegeneration and cognitive decline. Baseline VRF burden was calculated considering medical data and AD pathophysiology was assessed based on cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) amyloid-β1-42 (Aβ1-42) and tau phosphorylated at threonine 181 (p-tau181). Neurodegeneration was assessed with plasma neurofilament light (NfL) and global cognition with the modified version of the Preclinical Alzheimer's Cognitive Composite. The mean (SD) age of participants was 72.9 (6.1) years, and 220 (43.7%) were men. Linear mixed-effects models revealed that an elevated VRF burden synergistically interacted with AD pathophysiology to drive longitudinal plasma NfL increase and cognitive decline. Additionally, VRF burden was not associated with CSF Aβ1-42 or p-tau181 changes over time. Our results suggest that VRF burden and AD pathophysiology are independent processes; however, they synergistically lead to neurodegeneration and cognitive deterioration. In preclinical stages, the combination of therapies targeting VRFs and AD pathophysiology might potentiate treatment outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- João Pedro Ferrari-Souza
- Graduate Program in Biological Sciences: Biochemistry, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Wagner S Brum
- Graduate Program in Biological Sciences: Biochemistry, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, The Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Mölndal, Sweden; Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Lucas A Hauschild
- Graduate Program in Biological Sciences: Biochemistry, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Lucas U Da Ros
- Graduate Program in Biological Sciences: Biochemistry, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Pâmela C L Ferreira
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Bruna Bellaver
- Graduate Program in Biological Sciences: Biochemistry, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Douglas T Leffa
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Andrei Bieger
- Graduate Program in Biological Sciences: Biochemistry, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Cécile Tissot
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; Translational Neuroimaging Laboratory, McGill Centre for Studies in Aging, Alzheimer's Disease Research Unit, Douglas Research Institute, Le Centre intégré universitaire de santé et de services sociaux (CIUSSS) de l'Ouest-de-l'Île-de-Montréal; Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Psychiatry and Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Firoza Z Lussier
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; Translational Neuroimaging Laboratory, McGill Centre for Studies in Aging, Alzheimer's Disease Research Unit, Douglas Research Institute, Le Centre intégré universitaire de santé et de services sociaux (CIUSSS) de l'Ouest-de-l'Île-de-Montréal; Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Psychiatry and Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Marco Antônio De Bastiani
- Graduate Program in Biological Sciences: Biochemistry, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Guilherme Povala
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Andréa L Benedet
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, The Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Mölndal, Sweden; Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden; Translational Neuroimaging Laboratory, McGill Centre for Studies in Aging, Alzheimer's Disease Research Unit, Douglas Research Institute, Le Centre intégré universitaire de santé et de services sociaux (CIUSSS) de l'Ouest-de-l'Île-de-Montréal; Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Psychiatry and Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Joseph Therriault
- Translational Neuroimaging Laboratory, McGill Centre for Studies in Aging, Alzheimer's Disease Research Unit, Douglas Research Institute, Le Centre intégré universitaire de santé et de services sociaux (CIUSSS) de l'Ouest-de-l'Île-de-Montréal; Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Psychiatry and Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Yi-Ting Wang
- Translational Neuroimaging Laboratory, McGill Centre for Studies in Aging, Alzheimer's Disease Research Unit, Douglas Research Institute, Le Centre intégré universitaire de santé et de services sociaux (CIUSSS) de l'Ouest-de-l'Île-de-Montréal; Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Psychiatry and Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Nicholas J Ashton
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, The Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Mölndal, Sweden; Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden; Centre for Age-Related Medicine, Stavanger University Hospital, Stavanger, Norway; Department of Old Age Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Henrik Zetterberg
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, The Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Mölndal, Sweden; Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden; Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, UK; UK Dementia Research Institute at UCL, London, UK; Hong Kong Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Hong Kong, China; UW Department of Medicine, School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Kaj Blennow
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, The Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Mölndal, Sweden; Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Sheila O Martins
- Department of Neurology, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Diogo O Souza
- Graduate Program in Biological Sciences: Biochemistry, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Pedro Rosa-Neto
- Translational Neuroimaging Laboratory, McGill Centre for Studies in Aging, Alzheimer's Disease Research Unit, Douglas Research Institute, Le Centre intégré universitaire de santé et de services sociaux (CIUSSS) de l'Ouest-de-l'Île-de-Montréal; Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Psychiatry and Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Thomas K Karikari
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, The Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Mölndal, Sweden; Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Tharick A Pascoal
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Eduardo R Zimmer
- Graduate Program in Biological Sciences: Biochemistry, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Department of Pharmacology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Graduate Program in Biological Sciences: Pharmacology and Therapeuctis, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
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Mai Y, Cao Z, Zhao L, Yu Q, Xu J, Liu W, Liu B, Tang J, Luo Y, Liao W, Fang W, Ruan Y, Lei M, Mok VCT, Shi L, Liu J. The role of visual rating and automated brain volumetry in early detection and differential diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease. CNS Neurosci Ther 2024; 30:e14492. [PMID: 37864441 PMCID: PMC11017425 DOI: 10.1111/cns.14492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Revised: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Medial temporal lobe atrophy (MTA) is a diagnostic marker for mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and Alzheimer's disease (AD), but the accuracy of quantitative MTA (QMTA) in diagnosing early AD is unclear. This study aimed to investigate the accuracy of QMTA and its related components (inferior lateral ventricle [ILV] and hippocampus) with MTA in the early diagnosis of MCI and AD. METHODS This study included four groups: normal (NC), MCI stable (MCIs), MCI converted to AD (MCIs), and mild AD (M-AD) groups. Magnetic resonance image analysis software was used to quantify the hippocampus, ILV, and QMTA. MTA was rated by two experienced neurologists. Receiver operating characteristic area under the curve (AUC) analysis was performed to compare their capability in differentiating AD from NC and MCI, and optimal thresholds were determined using the Youden index. RESULTS QMTA distinguished M-AD from NC and MCI with higher diagnostic accuracy than MTA, hippocampus, and ILV (AUCNC = 0.976, AUCMCI = 0.836, AUCMCIs = 0.894, AUCMCIc = 0.730). The diagnostic accuracy of QMTA was superior to that of MTA, the hippocampus, and ILV in differentiating MCI from AD. The diagnostic accuracy of QMTA was found to remain the best across age, sex, and pathological subgroups analyzed. The sensitivity (92.45%) and specificity (90.64%) were higher in this study when a cutoff value of 0.635 was chosen for QMTA. CONCLUSIONS QMTA may be a better choice than the MTA scale or the associated quantitative components alone in identifying AD patients and MCI individuals with higher progression risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingren Mai
- Department of NeurologyThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Zhiyu Cao
- Department of Neurology, Sun Yat‐sen Memorial HospitalSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Lei Zhao
- BrainNow Research InstituteShenzhenChina
| | - Qun Yu
- Department of Neurology, Sun Yat‐sen Memorial HospitalSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Jiaxin Xu
- Department of Neurology, Sun Yat‐sen Memorial HospitalSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Wenyan Liu
- BrainNow Research InstituteShenzhenChina
| | - Bowen Liu
- Department of Statistics, College of Liberal Art and SciencesUniversity of Illinois Urbana‐ChampaignUrbanaIllinoisUSA
| | - Jingyi Tang
- Department of Neurology, Sun Yat‐sen Memorial HospitalSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Yishan Luo
- BrainNow Research InstituteShenzhenChina
| | - Wang Liao
- Department of NeurologyThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Wenli Fang
- Department of Neurology, Sun Yat‐sen Memorial HospitalSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Yuting Ruan
- Department of RehabilitationThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Ming Lei
- Department of Neurology, Sun Yat‐sen Memorial HospitalSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Vincent C. T. Mok
- BrainNow Research InstituteShenzhenChina
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Gerald Choa Neuroscience Centre, Lui Che Woo Institute of Innovative MedicineThe Chinese University of Hong KongHong Kong, SARChina
| | - Lin Shi
- BrainNow Research InstituteShenzhenChina
- Department of Imaging and Interventional RadiologyThe Chinese University of Hong KongHong Kong, SARChina
| | - Jun Liu
- Department of NeurologyThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
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Ahmadi M, Javaheri D, Khajavi M, Danesh K, Hur J. A deeply supervised adaptable neural network for diagnosis and classification of Alzheimer's severity using multitask feature extraction. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0297996. [PMID: 38530836 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0297996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease is the most prevalent form of dementia, which is a gradual condition that begins with mild memory loss and progresses to difficulties communicating and responding to the environment. Recent advancements in neuroimaging techniques have resulted in large-scale multimodal neuroimaging data, leading to an increased interest in using deep learning for the early diagnosis and automated classification of Alzheimer's disease. This study uses machine learning (ML) methods to determine the severity level of Alzheimer's disease using MRI images, where the dataset consists of four levels of severity. A hybrid of 12 feature extraction methods is used to diagnose Alzheimer's disease severity, and six traditional machine learning methods are applied, including decision tree, K-nearest neighbor, linear discrimination analysis, Naïve Bayes, support vector machine, and ensemble learning methods. During training, optimization is performed to obtain the best solution for each classifier. Additionally, a CNN model is trained using a machine learning system algorithm to identify specific patterns. The accuracy of the Naïve Bayes, Support Vector Machines, K-nearest neighbor, Linear discrimination classifier, Decision tree, Ensembled learning, and presented CNN architecture are 67.5%, 72.3%, 74.5%, 65.6%, 62.4%, 73.8% and, 95.3%, respectively. Based on the results, the presented CNN approach outperforms other traditional machine learning methods to find Alzheimer severity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohsen Ahmadi
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL, United States of America
| | - Danial Javaheri
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Matin Khajavi
- Foster School of Businesses, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Kasra Danesh
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL, United States of America
| | - Junbeom Hur
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Monzio Compagnoni G, Appollonio I, Ferrarese C. The role of 123-I-MIBG cardiac scintigraphy in the differential diagnosis between dementia with Lewy bodies and Alzheimer's disease. Neurol Sci 2024:10.1007/s10072-024-07476-x. [PMID: 38517586 DOI: 10.1007/s10072-024-07476-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/24/2024]
Abstract
Although detailed diagnostic guidelines are available, differentiating dementia with Lewy bodies from Alzheimer's disease is often difficult. 123-I-MIBG cardiac scintigraphy is one of the tools which have been proposed for the diagnostic procedure. The present review is aimed at evaluating the available literature about this topic. Studies assessing the use of this technique to differentiate between the two diseases have been examined and reported. Overall, despite a certain study-to-study variability, the available literature suggests that 123-I-MIBG cardiac scintigraphy is an effective tool in differentiating between the two diseases, with high sensitivity and specificity values. Although the large-scale application of this technique is limited by possible interactions with specific medications and comorbidities, the reported studies are supportive for the usefulness of this technique in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ildebrando Appollonio
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy
- Neurology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS San Gerardo Dei Tintori, Monza, Italy
- Milan Center for Neuroscience (NeuroMI), University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - Carlo Ferrarese
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy
- Neurology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS San Gerardo Dei Tintori, Monza, Italy
- Milan Center for Neuroscience (NeuroMI), University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy
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Zhang M, Wang Y, Jiang J, Jiang Y, Song D. The Role of Catecholamines in the Pathogenesis of Diseases and the Modified Electrodes for Electrochemical Detection of Catecholamines: A Review. Crit Rev Anal Chem 2024:1-22. [PMID: 38462811 DOI: 10.1080/10408347.2024.2324460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
Catecholamines (CAs), which include adrenaline, noradrenaline, and dopamine, are neurotransmitters and hormones that critically regulate the cardiovascular system, metabolism, and stress response in the human body. The abnormal levels of these molecules can lead to the development of various diseases, including pheochromocytoma and paragangliomas, Alzheimer's disease, and Takotsubo cardiomyopathy. Due to their low cost, high sensitivity, flexible detection strategies, ease of integration, and miniaturization, electrochemical techniques have been extensively employed in the detection of CAs, surpassing traditional analytical methods. Electrochemical detection of CAs in real samples is challenging due to the tendency of poisoning electrode. Chemically modified electrodes have been widely used to solve the problems of poor sensitivity and selectivity faced by bare electrodes. There are a few articles that provide an overview of electrochemical detection and efficient enrichment of CAs, but there is a dearth of updates on the role of CAs in the pathogenesis of diseases. Additionally, there is still a lack of systematic synthesis with a focus on modified electrodes for electrochemical detection. Thus, this review provides a summary of the recent clinical pathogenesis of CAs and the modified electrodes for electrochemical detection of CAs published between 2017 and 2022. Moreover, challenges and future perspectives are also highlighted. This work is expected to provide useful guidance to researchers entering this interdisciplinary field, promoting further development of CAs pathogenesis, and developing more novel chemically modified electrodes for the detection of CAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Zhang
- School of Marine Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology (Weihai), Weihai, Shandong, China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Yimeng Wang
- Elite Engineer School, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Jie Jiang
- School of Marine Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology (Weihai), Weihai, Shandong, China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Yanxiao Jiang
- School of Marine Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology (Weihai), Weihai, Shandong, China
| | - Daqian Song
- College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
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Rippee-Brooks MD, Wu W, Dong J, Pappolla M, Fang X, Bao X. Viral Infections, Are They a Trigger and Risk Factor of Alzheimer's Disease? Pathogens 2024; 13:240. [PMID: 38535583 PMCID: PMC10974111 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens13030240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Revised: 03/02/2024] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's Disease (AD), a progressive and debilitating condition, is reported to be the most common type of dementia, with at least 55 million people believed to be currently affected. Many causation hypotheses of AD exist, yet the intriguing link between viral infection and its possible contribution to the known etiology of AD has become an attractive focal point of research for the field and a challenging study task. In this review, we will explore the historical perspective and milestones that led the field to investigate the viral connection to AD. Specifically, several viruses such as Herpes Simplex Virus 1 (HSV-1), Zika virus (ZIKV), and severe cute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), along with several others mentioned, include the various viruses presently considered within the field. We delve into the strong evidence implicating these viruses in the development of AD such as the lytic replication and axonal transport of HSV-1, the various mechanisms of ZIKV neurotropism through the human protein Musashi-1 (MSI1), and the spread of SARS-CoV-2 through the transfer of the virus through the BBB endothelial cells to glial cells and then to neurons via transsynaptic transfer. We will also explore beyond these mere associations by carefully analyzing the potential mechanisms by which these viruses may contribute to AD pathology. This includes but is not limited to direct neuronal infections, the dysregulation of immune responses, and the impact on protein processing (Aβ42 and hyperphosphorylated tau). Controversies and challenges of the virus-AD relationship emerge as we tease out these potential mechanisms. Looking forward, we emphasize future directions, such as distinct questions and proposed experimentations to explore, that the field should take to tackle the remaining unanswered questions and the glaring research gaps that persist. Overall, this review aims to provide a comprehensive survey of the past, present, and future of the potential link between viral infections and their association with AD development while encouraging further discussion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meagan D. Rippee-Brooks
- Microbiology and Immunology Graduate Program, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77550, USA
| | - Wenzhe Wu
- Department of Pediatrics, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77550, USA
| | - Jianli Dong
- Department of Pathology, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77550, USA
| | - Miguel Pappolla
- Department of Neurology and Mitchell Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77550, USA
| | - Xiang Fang
- Department of Neurology and Mitchell Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77550, USA
| | - Xiaoyong Bao
- Microbiology and Immunology Graduate Program, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77550, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77550, USA
- The Institute of Translational Sciences, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77550, USA
- The Institute for Human Infections and Immunity, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77550, USA
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Nihashi T, Sakurai K, Kato T, Kimura Y, Ito K, Nakamura A, Terasawa T. Blood levels of glial fibrillary acidic protein for predicting clinical progression to Alzheimer's disease in adults without dementia: a systematic review and meta-analysis protocol. Diagn Progn Res 2024; 8:4. [PMID: 38439065 PMCID: PMC10913586 DOI: 10.1186/s41512-024-00167-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 03/06/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is urgent clinical need to identify reliable prognostic biomarkers that predict the progression of dementia symptoms in individuals with early-phase Alzheimer's disease (AD) especially given the research on and predicted applications of amyloid-beta (Aβ)-directed immunotherapies to remove Aβ from the brain. Cross-sectional studies have reported higher levels of cerebrospinal fluid and blood glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) in individuals with AD-associated dementia than in cognitively unimpaired individuals. Further, recent longitudinal studies have assessed the prognostic potential of baseline blood GFAP levels as a predictor of future cognitive decline in cognitively unimpaired individuals and in those with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) due to AD. In this systematic review and meta-analysis, we propose analyzing longitudinal studies on blood GFAP levels to predict future cognitive decline. METHODS This study will include prospective and retrospective cohort studies that assessed blood GFAP levels as a prognostic factor and any prediction models that incorporated blood GFAP levels in cognitively unimpaired individuals or those with MCI. The primary outcome will be conversion to MCI or AD in cognitively unimpaired individuals or conversion to AD in individuals with MCI. Articles from PubMed and Embase will be extracted up to December 31, 2023, without language restrictions. An independent dual screening of abstracts and potentially eligible full-text reports will be conducted. Data will be dual-extracted using the CHeck list for critical appraisal, data extraction for systematic Reviews of prediction Modeling Studies (CHARMS)-prognostic factor, and CHARMS checklists, and we will dual-rate the risk of bias and applicability using the Quality In Prognosis Studies and Prediction Study Risk-of-Bias Assessment tools. We will qualitatively synthesize the study data, participants, index biomarkers, predictive model characteristics, and clinical outcomes. If appropriate, random-effects meta-analyses will be performed to obtain summary estimates. Finally, we will assess the body of evidence using the Grading of Recommendation, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation Approach. DISCUSSION This systematic review and meta-analysis will comprehensively evaluate and synthesize existing evidence on blood GFAP levels for prognosticating presymptomatic individuals and those with MCI to help advance risk-stratified treatment strategies for early-phase AD. TRIAL REGISTRATION PROSPERO CRD42023481200.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Nihashi
- Department of Radiology, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, 7-430 Morioka-Cho, Obu, Aichi, 474-8511, Japan
- Department of Biomarker Research, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, 7-430 Morioka-cho, Obu, Aichi, 474-8511, Japan
| | - Keita Sakurai
- Department of Radiology, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, 7-430 Morioka-Cho, Obu, Aichi, 474-8511, Japan
| | - Takashi Kato
- Department of Radiology, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, 7-430 Morioka-Cho, Obu, Aichi, 474-8511, Japan
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Neuroimaging, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, 7-430 Morioka-Cho, Obu, Aichi, 474-8511, Japan
| | - Yasuyuki Kimura
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Neuroimaging, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, 7-430 Morioka-Cho, Obu, Aichi, 474-8511, Japan
| | - Kengo Ito
- National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, 7-430 Morioka-Cho, Obu, Aichi, 474-8511, Japan
| | - Akinori Nakamura
- Department of Biomarker Research, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, 7-430 Morioka-cho, Obu, Aichi, 474-8511, Japan
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Neuroimaging, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, 7-430 Morioka-Cho, Obu, Aichi, 474-8511, Japan
| | - Teruhiko Terasawa
- Section of General Internal Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine and General Internal Medicine, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, 1-98 Dengakugakubo, Kutsukake-Cho, Toyoake, Aichi, 470-1192, Japan.
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Garone C, De Giorgio F, Carli S. Mitochondrial metabolism in neural stem cells and implications for neurodevelopmental and neurodegenerative diseases. J Transl Med 2024; 22:238. [PMID: 38438847 PMCID: PMC10910780 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-024-05041-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2023] [Accepted: 02/25/2024] [Indexed: 03/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria are cytoplasmic organelles having a fundamental role in the regulation of neural stem cell (NSC) fate during neural development and maintenance.During embryonic and adult neurogenesis, NSCs undergo a metabolic switch from glycolytic to oxidative phosphorylation with a rise in mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) content, changes in mitochondria shape and size, and a physiological augmentation of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species which together drive NSCs to proliferate and differentiate. Genetic and epigenetic modifications of proteins involved in cellular differentiation (Mechanistic Target of Rapamycin), proliferation (Wingless-type), and hypoxia (Mitogen-activated protein kinase)-and all connected by the common key regulatory factor Hypoxia Inducible Factor-1A-are deemed to be responsible for the metabolic shift and, consequently, NSC fate in physiological and pathological conditions.Both primary mitochondrial dysfunction due to mutations in nuclear DNA or mtDNA or secondary mitochondrial dysfunction in oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) metabolism, mitochondrial dynamics, and organelle interplay pathways can contribute to the development of neurodevelopmental or progressive neurodegenerative disorders.This review analyses the physiology and pathology of neural development starting from the available in vitro and in vivo models and highlights the current knowledge concerning key mitochondrial pathways involved in this process.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Garone
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.
- IRCCS Istituto Delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna, UO Neuropsichiatria Dell'età Pediatrica, Bologna, Italy.
| | - F De Giorgio
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - S Carli
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
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Arioz BI, Cotuk A, Yaka EC, Genc S. Proximity extension assay-based proteomics studies in neurodegenerative disorders and multiple sclerosis. Eur J Neurosci 2024; 59:1348-1358. [PMID: 38105531 DOI: 10.1111/ejn.16226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Revised: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases impact the structure and operation of the nervous system, causing progressive and irreparable harm. Efforts for distinguishing neurodegenerative diseases in their early stages are continuing. Despite several biomarkers being identified, there is always search for more accurate and abundant ones. Additionally, it can be difficult to pinpoint the precise neurodegenerative disorder affecting a patient as the symptoms of these conditions frequently overlap. Numerous studies have shown that pathological changes occur years before clinical signs appear. Therefore, it is crucial to discover blood-based biomarkers for neurodegenerative diseases for easier and earlier diagnosis. Proximity extension assay is a unique proteomics method that uses antibodies linked to oligonucleotides for quantifying proteins with real-time PCR. Proximity extension assay can identify even low-quantity proteins using a small volume of specimens with increased sensitivity compared to conventional methods. In this article, we reviewed the employment of proximity extension assay technology to detect biomarkers or protein profiles for several neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Burak I Arioz
- Izmir Biomedicine and Genome Center, Izmir, Turkey
- Izmir Biomedicine and Genome Institute, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Aysen Cotuk
- Izmir Biomedicine and Genome Center, Izmir, Turkey
- Izmir Biomedicine and Genome Institute, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Emiş Cansu Yaka
- Health Sciences University, Izmir Tepecik Education and Research Hospital, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Sermin Genc
- Izmir Biomedicine and Genome Center, Izmir, Turkey
- Izmir Biomedicine and Genome Institute, Izmir, Turkey
- Department of Neuroscience, Institute of Health Sciences, Dokuz Eylul University, Izmir, Turkey
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Kwok AJ, Lu J, Huang J, Ip BY, Mok VCT, Lai HM, Ko H. High-resolution omics of vascular ageing and inflammatory pathways in neurodegeneration. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2024; 155:30-49. [PMID: 37380595 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2023.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/30/2023]
Abstract
High-resolution omics, particularly single-cell and spatial transcriptomic profiling, are rapidly enhancing our comprehension of the normal molecular diversity of gliovascular cells, as well as their age-related changes that contribute to neurodegeneration. With more omic profiling studies being conducted, it is becoming increasingly essential to synthesise valuable information from the rapidly accumulating findings. In this review, we present an overview of the molecular features of neurovascular and glial cells that have been recently discovered through omic profiling, with a focus on those that have potentially significant functional implications and/or show cross-species differences between human and mouse, and that are linked to vascular deficits and inflammatory pathways in ageing and neurodegenerative disorders. Additionally, we highlight the translational applications of omic profiling, and discuss omic-based strategies to accelerate biomarker discovery and facilitate disease course-modifying therapeutics development for neurodegenerative conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew J Kwok
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China; Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China; Margaret K. L. Cheung Research Centre for Management of Parkinsonism, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China; Lau Tat-chuen Research Centre of Brain Degenerative Diseases in Chinese, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China; Gerald Choa Neuroscience Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.
| | - Jianning Lu
- Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China; Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China; Gerald Choa Neuroscience Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Junzhe Huang
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China; Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China; Margaret K. L. Cheung Research Centre for Management of Parkinsonism, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China; Lau Tat-chuen Research Centre of Brain Degenerative Diseases in Chinese, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China; Gerald Choa Neuroscience Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Bonaventure Y Ip
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China; Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China; Margaret K. L. Cheung Research Centre for Management of Parkinsonism, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China; Lau Tat-chuen Research Centre of Brain Degenerative Diseases in Chinese, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China; Gerald Choa Neuroscience Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Vincent C T Mok
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China; Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China; Margaret K. L. Cheung Research Centre for Management of Parkinsonism, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China; Lau Tat-chuen Research Centre of Brain Degenerative Diseases in Chinese, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China; Gerald Choa Neuroscience Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Hei Ming Lai
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China; Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China; Margaret K. L. Cheung Research Centre for Management of Parkinsonism, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China; Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China; Gerald Choa Neuroscience Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.
| | - Ho Ko
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China; Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China; Margaret K. L. Cheung Research Centre for Management of Parkinsonism, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China; Lau Tat-chuen Research Centre of Brain Degenerative Diseases in Chinese, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China; Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China; Gerald Choa Neuroscience Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.
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Li QM, Han HH, Zang DD, Zha XQ, Zhou A, Zhang FY, Luo JP. Rapid Discovery of Aβ 42 Fibril Disintegrators from Ganoderma lucidum via Ligand Fishing and Their Neuroprotective Effects on Alzheimer's Disease. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024; 72:4127-4141. [PMID: 38362879 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c08664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
An amyloid-β (Aβ) fibril is a vital pathogenic factor of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Aβ fibril disintegrators possess great potential to be developed into novel anti-AD agents. Here, a ligand fishing method was employed to rapidly discover Aβ42 fibril disintegrators from Ganoderma lucidum using Aβ42 fibril-immobilized magnetic beads, which led to the isolation of six Aβ42 fibril disintegrators including ganodermanontriol, ganoderic acid DM, ganoderiol F, ganoderol B, ganodermenonol, and ergosterol. Neuroprotective evaluation in vitro exhibited that these Aβ42 fibril disintegrators could significantly mitigate Aβ42-induced neurotoxicity. Among these six disintegrators, ergosterol and ganoderic acid DM with stronger protecting activity were further selected to evaluate their neuroprotective effect on AD in vivo. Results showed that ergosterol and ganoderic acid DM could significantly alleviate Aβ42-induced cognitive dysfunction and hippocampus neuron loss in vivo. Moreover, ergosterol and ganoderic acid DM could significantly inhibit Aβ42-induced neuron apoptosis and Nrf2-mediated neuron oxidative stress in vitro and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang-Ming Li
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Key Laboratory for Agricultural Products Processing of Anhui Province, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui-Hui Han
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Key Laboratory for Agricultural Products Processing of Anhui Province, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, People's Republic of China
| | - Dan-Dan Zang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, People's Republic of China
| | - Xue-Qiang Zha
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Key Laboratory for Agricultural Products Processing of Anhui Province, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, People's Republic of China
| | - An Zhou
- Scientific Research & Experiment Center, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230038, People's Republic of China
- Functional Activity and Resource Utilization on Edible and Medicinal Fungi Joint Laboratory of Anhui Province, Lu'an 237300, People's Republic of China
| | - Feng-Yun Zhang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian-Ping Luo
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Key Laboratory for Agricultural Products Processing of Anhui Province, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, People's Republic of China
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Garcia MJ, Leadley R, Ross J, Bozeat S, Redhead G, Hansson O, Iwatsubo T, Villain N, Cummings J. Prognostic and Predictive Factors in Early Alzheimer's Disease: A Systematic Review. J Alzheimers Dis Rep 2024; 8:203-240. [PMID: 38405341 PMCID: PMC10894607 DOI: 10.3233/adr-230045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/24/2023] [Indexed: 02/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Alzheimer's disease (AD) causes progressive decline of cognition and function. There is a lack of systematic literature reviews on prognostic and predictive factors in its early clinical stages (eAD), i.e., mild cognitive impairment due to AD and mild AD dementia. Objective To identify prognostic factors affecting eAD progression and predictive factors for treatment efficacy and safety of approved and/or under late-stage development disease-modifying treatments. Methods Databases were searched (August 2022) for studies reporting prognostic factors associated with eAD progression and predictive factors for treatment response. The Quality in Prognostic Factor Studies tool or the Cochrane risk of bias tool were used to assess risk of bias. Two reviewers independently screened the records. A single reviewer performed data extraction and quality assessment. A second performed a 20% check. Content experts reviewed and interpreted the data collected. Results Sixty-one studies were included. Self-reporting, diagnosis definition, and missing data led to high risk of bias. Population size ranged from 110 to 11,451. Analyses found data indicating that older age was and depression may be associated with progression. Greater baseline cognitive impairment was associated with progression. APOE4 may be a prognostic factor, a predictive factor for treatment efficacy and predicts an adverse response (ARIA). Elevated biomarkers (CSF/plasma p-tau, CSF t-tau, and plasma neurofilament light) were associated with disease progression. Conclusions Age was the strongest risk factor for progression. Biomarkers were associated with progression, supporting their use in trial selection and aiding diagnosis. Baseline cognitive impairment was a prognostic factor. APOE4 predicted ARIA, aligning with emerging evidence and relevant to treatment initiation/monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Regina Leadley
- Mtech Access Ltd, IT Centre, Innovation Way, Heslington, York, UK
| | - Janine Ross
- Mtech Access Ltd, IT Centre, Innovation Way, Heslington, York, UK
| | | | | | - Oskar Hansson
- Clinical Memory Research Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Faculty of Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
- Memory Clinic, Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden
| | | | - Nicolas Villain
- AP-HP Sorbonne Université, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Department of Neurology, Institute of Memory and Alzheimer’s Disease, Paris, France
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM U1127, CNRS 7225, Institut du Cerveau –ICM, Paris, France
| | - Jeffrey Cummings
- Chambers-Grundy Center for TransformativeNeuroscience, Department of Brain Health, School of IntegratedHealth Sciences, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV, USA
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De Leiris N, Perret P, Lombardi C, Gözel B, Chierici S, Millet P, Debiossat M, Bacot S, Tournier BB, Chames P, Lenormand JL, Ghezzi C, Fagret D, Moulin M. A single-domain antibody for the detection of pathological Tau protein in the early stages of oligomerization. J Transl Med 2024; 22:163. [PMID: 38365700 PMCID: PMC10870657 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-024-04987-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/18/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Soluble oligomeric forms of Tau protein have emerged as crucial players in the propagation of Tau pathology in Alzheimer's disease (AD). Our objective is to introduce a single-domain antibody (sdAb) named 2C5 as a novel radiotracer for the efficient detection and longitudinal monitoring of oligomeric Tau species in the human brain. METHODS The development and production of 2C5 involved llama immunization with the largest human Tau isoform oligomers of different maturation states. Subsequently, 2C5 underwent comprehensive in vitro characterization for affinity and specificity via Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay and immunohistochemistry on human brain slices. Technetium-99m was employed to radiolabel 2C5, followed by its administration to healthy mice for biodistribution analysis. RESULTS 2C5 exhibited robust binding affinity towards Tau oligomers (Kd = 6.280 nM ± 0.557) and to Tau fibers (Kd = 5.024 nM ± 0.453), with relatively weaker binding observed for native Tau protein (Kd = 1791 nM ± 8.714) and amyloid peptide (Kd > 10,000 nM). Remarkably, this SdAb facilitated immuno-histological labeling of pathological forms of Tau in neurons and neuritic plaques, yielding a high-contrast outcome in AD patients, closely mirroring the performance of reference antibodies AT8 and T22. Furthermore, 2C5 SdAb was successfully radiolabeled with 99mTc, preserving stability for up to 6 h post-radiolabeling (radiochemical purity > 93%). However, following intravenous injection into healthy mice, the predominant uptake occurred in kidneys, amounting to 115.32 ± 3.67, 97.70 ± 43.14 and 168.20 ± 34.52% of injected dose per gram (% ID/g) at 5, 10 and 45 min respectively. Conversely, brain uptake remained minimal at all measured time points, registering at 0.17 ± 0.03, 0.12 ± 0.07 and 0.02 ± 0.01% ID/g at 5, 10 and 45 min post-injection respectively. CONCLUSION 2C5 demonstrates excellent affinity and specificity for pathological Tau oligomers, particularly in their early stages of oligomerization. However, the current limitation of insufficient blood-brain barrier penetration necessitates further modifications before considering its application in nuclear medicine imaging for humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas De Leiris
- University Grenoble Alpes, Clinique Universitaire de Médecine Nucléaire, INSERM, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Grenoble Alpes, LRB, CS 10217, 38043, Grenoble CEDEX 9, France.
| | - Pascale Perret
- University Grenoble Alpes, INSERM, LRB, 38000, Grenoble, France
| | | | - Bülent Gözel
- University Grenoble Alpes, INSERM, LRB, 38000, Grenoble, France
| | - Sabine Chierici
- University Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, DCM, 38000, Grenoble, France
| | - Philippe Millet
- Division of Adult Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland
| | | | - Sandrine Bacot
- University Grenoble Alpes, INSERM, LRB, 38000, Grenoble, France
| | - Benjamin B Tournier
- Division of Adult Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Patrick Chames
- Aix Marseille University, CNRS, INSERM, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, CRCM, Marseille, France
| | | | | | - Daniel Fagret
- University Grenoble Alpes, INSERM, LRB, 38000, Grenoble, France
| | - Marcelle Moulin
- University Grenoble Alpes, INSERM, LRB, 38000, Grenoble, France
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Chen Y, Zhang M, Yang C, Gao M, Yan Y, Deng C, Sun N. Designed Directional Growth of Ti-Metal-Organic Frameworks for Decoding Alzheimer's Disease-Specific Exosome Metabolites. Anal Chem 2024; 96:2727-2736. [PMID: 38300748 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.3c05868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
Exosomes, a growing focus for liquid biopsies, contain diverse molecular cargos. In particular, exosome metabolites with valuable information have exhibited great potential for improving the efficiency of liquid biopsies for addressing complex medical conditions. In this work, we design the directional growth of Ti-metal-organic frameworks on polar-functionalized magnetic particles. This design facilitates the rapid synergistic capture of exosomes with the assistance of an external magnetic field and additionally synergistically enhances the ionization of their metabolites during mass spectrometry detection. Benefiting from this dual synergistic effect, we identified three high-performance exosome metabolites through the differential comparison of a large number of serum samples from individuals with Alzheimer's disease (AD) and normal cognition. Notably, the accuracy of AD identification ranges from 93.18 to 100% using a single exosome metabolite and reaches a flawless 100% with three metabolites. These findings emphasize the transformative potential of this work to enhance the precision and reliability of AD diagnosis, ushering in a new era of improved diagnostic accuracy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yijie Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Zhongshan Hospital, Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Man Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Zhongshan Hospital, Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Chenyu Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Zhongshan Hospital, Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Mingxia Gao
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Zhongshan Hospital, Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yinghua Yan
- School of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Chunhui Deng
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Zhongshan Hospital, Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China
| | - Nianrong Sun
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Zhongshan Hospital, Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
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Chen C, Wagn K, Hou X. Characterizing amyloid protein conformation with a multi-resonant metasurface based biosensor in the infrared window. OPTICS EXPRESS 2024; 32:5287-5300. [PMID: 38439260 DOI: 10.1364/oe.514894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/06/2024]
Abstract
Misfolding of amyloid protein will cause neurodegeneration and trigger conformational disease. The lack of an effective detection approach is a brake on unveiling the mechanism of protein misfolding. We theoretically proposed a novel metasurface-based biosensor for characterizing the protein's conformation. The coupling complementary split ring resonator (cSRR) was engineered to manipulate incident waves in the near-infrared (NIR) and mid-infrared (MIR) windows at the same sensing surface. The cSRRs had the advantages of intensifying the electric field and sharpening the resonance profile, resulting in a highly qualified biosensing performance. In the NIR window, the biolayer's refractive index and thickness change were detected by the dual-wavelength, which resolved into an optogeometrical parameter of the amyloid biolayer. In the MIR window, the resonant wave specifically triggered the rotation-vibration transition of amyloid protein molecules with different conformations, which was shown as the unique Amide I and II bands in the fingerprint spectrum. Thus, our proposed biosensor presented sensitive detection of biolayer and specific identification of constituent molecules. It is helpful to interpret the protein's misfolding behavior on the molecular level by associating the biolayer's structure and the constituent molecule's conformational change.
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