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Sun H, Barboza-Ramos I, Wang X, Schanze KS. Phosphonium-Substituted Conjugated Polyelectrolytes Display Efficient Visible-Light-Induced Antibacterial Activity. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024. [PMID: 38265208 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c16335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2024]
Abstract
We report the light-activated antibacterial activity of a new class of phosphonium (R-PMe3+)-substituted conjugated polyelectrolytes (CPEs). These polyelectrolytes feature a poly(phenylene ethynylene) (PPE) conjugated backbone substituted with side groups with the structure -O-(CH2)nPMe3+, where n = 3 or 6. The length of the side groups has an effect on the hydrophobic character of the CPEs and their propensity to interact with bacterial membranes. In a separate study, these phosphonium-substituted PPE CPEs were demonstrated to photosensitize singlet oxygen (1O2) and reactive oxygen species, a key factor for the photoinduced inactivation of bacteria. In this study, in vitro antibacterial assays against Gram-negative Escherichia coli and Gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus were performed by employing the series of polyelectrolytes under both dark and illumination conditions. In general, the phosphonium-substituted CPEs displayed profound light-activated biocidal activity, with >99% colony forming unit (CFU) reduction after 15 min of light exposure (16 mW cm-2) at a ≤20 μM CPE concentration. Strong biocidal activity was also observed in the dark for a CPE concentration of 20 μM against S. aureus; however, higher concentrations (200 μM) were needed to enable dark inactivation of E. coli. The dark activity is ascribed to bacterial membrane disruption by the CPEs, supported by a correlation of dark biocidal activity with the chain length of the side groups. The light-activated biocidal activity is associated with the ability of the CPEs to sensitize ROS, which is cytotoxic to the microorganisms. Serial dilution bacterial plating experiments revealed that the series of CPEs was able to induce a >5-log kill versus E. coli with 15 min of exposure to a blue LED source (16 mW cm-2).
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Sun
- Department of Chemistry, University of Texas, San Antonio, 1 UTSA Circle, San Antonio, Texas 78249, United States
| | - Isaí Barboza-Ramos
- Department of Chemistry, University of Texas, San Antonio, 1 UTSA Circle, San Antonio, Texas 78249, United States
| | - Xiaodan Wang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Texas, San Antonio, 1 UTSA Circle, San Antonio, Texas 78249, United States
| | - Kirk S Schanze
- Department of Chemistry, University of Texas, San Antonio, 1 UTSA Circle, San Antonio, Texas 78249, United States
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2
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Liu C, Hu X, Zhou X, Ma Y, Leung PHM, Xin JH, Fei B. Guanidine-containing double-network silks with enhanced tensile and antibacterial property. Int J Biol Macromol 2023:125470. [PMID: 37336382 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.125470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Revised: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/21/2023]
Abstract
The bacterial infection of surgical wounds results in prolonged hospitalization and even death of patients, calling for antibacterial function in modern suture products. To tackle this challenge, cationic guanidine-containing copolymer was synthesized, exhibiting antibacterial potency over 5 log reduction against both Gram-positive S. aureus and Gram-negative E. coli. Furthermore, we developed a double-network silk suture by integrating a guanidine-containing copolymer network into the silk fibroin network. This suture exhibited biocidal activity against S. aureus and E. coli, and superior strength compared to the commercial product in both dry and wet conditions. These results may bring general benefits to public health and medical equipment sustainability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Liu
- School of Fashion and Textiles, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong
| | - Xin Hu
- School of Fashion and Textiles, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong
| | - Xiang Zhou
- Department of Science, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Yan Ma
- Jinzhou Central Hospital, Jinzhou, China
| | - Polly H M Leung
- Department of Health Technology and Informatics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong
| | - John H Xin
- School of Fashion and Textiles, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong
| | - Bin Fei
- School of Fashion and Textiles, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong.
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3
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Chountoulesi M, Selianitis D, Pispas S, Pippa N. Recent Advances on PEO-PCL Block and Graft Copolymers as Nanocarriers for Drug Delivery Applications. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:2298. [PMID: 36984177 PMCID: PMC10056975 DOI: 10.3390/ma16062298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Revised: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Poly(ethylene oxide)-poly(ε-caprolactone) (PEO-PCL) is a family of block (or graft) copolymers with several biomedical applications. These types of copolymers are well-known for their good biocompatibility and biodegradability properties, being ideal for biomedical applications and for the formation of a variety of nanosystems intended for controlled drug release. The aim of this review is to present the applications and the properties of different nanocarriers derived from PEO-PCL block and graft copolymers. Micelles, polymeric nanoparticles, drug conjugates, nanocapsules, and hybrid polymer-lipid nanoparticles, such as hybrid liposomes, are the main categories of PEO-PCL based nanocarriers loaded with different active ingredients. The advantages and the limitations in preclinical studies are also discussed in depth. PEO-PCL based nanocarriers could be the next generation of delivery systems with fast clinical translation. Finally, current challenges and future perspectives of the PEO-PCL based nanocarriers are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Chountoulesi
- Section of Pharmaceutical Technology, Department of Pharmacy, School of Health Sciences, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimioupolis Zografou, 15771 Athens, Greece
| | - Dimitrios Selianitis
- Theoretical and Physical Chemistry Institute, National Hellenic Research Foundation, 48 Vassileos Constantinou Avenue, 11635 Athens, Greece
| | - Stergios Pispas
- Theoretical and Physical Chemistry Institute, National Hellenic Research Foundation, 48 Vassileos Constantinou Avenue, 11635 Athens, Greece
| | - Natassa Pippa
- Section of Pharmaceutical Technology, Department of Pharmacy, School of Health Sciences, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimioupolis Zografou, 15771 Athens, Greece
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4
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Manayia AH, Ilhami FB, Huang SY, Su TH, Huang CW, Chiu CW, Lee DJ, Lai JY, Cheng CC. Photoreactive Mercury-Containing Metallosupramolecular Nanoparticles with Tailorable Properties That Promote Enhanced Cellular Uptake for Effective Cancer Chemotherapy. Biomacromolecules 2023; 24:943-956. [PMID: 36645325 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.2c01369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
A new potential route to enhance the efficiency of supramolecular polymers for cancer chemotherapy was successfully demonstrated by employing a photosensitive metallosupramolecular polymer (Hg-BU-PPG) containing an oligomeric poly(propylene glycol) backbone and highly sensitive pH-responsive uracil-mercury-uracil (U-Hg-U) bridges. This route holds great promise as a multifunctional bioactive nano-object for development of more efficient and safer cancer chemotherapy. Owing to the formation of uracil photodimers induced by ultraviolet irradiation, Hg-BU-PPG can form a photo-cross-linked structure and spontaneously forms spherical nanoparticles in aqueous solution. The irradiated nanoparticles possess many unique characteristics, such as unique fluorescence behavior, highly sensitive pH-responsiveness, and intriguing phase transition behavior in aqueous solution as well as high structural stability and antihemolytic activity in biological media. More importantly, a series of cellular studies clearly confirmed that the U-Hg-U photo-cross-links in the irradiated nanoparticles substantially enhance their selective cellular uptake by cancer cells via macropinocytosis and the mercury-loaded nanoparticles subsequently induce higher levels of cytotoxicity in cancer cells (compared to non-irradiated nanoparticles), without harming normal cells. These results are mainly attributed to cancer cell microenvironment-triggered release of mercury ions from disassembled nanoparticles, which rapidly induce massive levels of apoptosis in cancer cells. Overall, the pH-sensitive U-Hg-U photo-cross-links within this newly discovered supramolecular system are an indispensable factor that offers a potential path to remarkably enhance the selective therapeutic effects of functional nanoparticles toward cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abere Habtamu Manayia
- Graduate Institute of Applied Science and Technology, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei10607, Taiwan
| | - Fasih Bintang Ilhami
- Graduate Institute of Applied Science and Technology, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei10607, Taiwan.,Department of Natural Science, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, Universitas Negeri Surabaya, Surabaya60231, Indonesia
| | - Sin-Yu Huang
- Graduate Institute of Applied Science and Technology, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei10607, Taiwan
| | - Ting-Hsuan Su
- Graduate Institute of Applied Science and Technology, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei10607, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Wei Huang
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung807618, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Wei Chiu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei10607, Taiwan
| | - Duu-Jong Lee
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei10617, Taiwan, Taiwan
| | - Juin-Yih Lai
- Graduate Institute of Applied Science and Technology, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei10607, Taiwan.,Advanced Membrane Materials Research Center, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei10607, Taiwan.,R&D Center for Membrane Technology, Chung Yuan Christian University, Chungli, Taoyuan32043, Taiwan.,Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Yuan Ze University, Chungli, Taoyuan32023, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Chia Cheng
- Graduate Institute of Applied Science and Technology, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei10607, Taiwan.,Advanced Membrane Materials Research Center, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei10607, Taiwan
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5
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Ngan VTT, Chiou PY, Ilhami FB, Bayle EA, Shieh YT, Chuang WT, Chen JK, Lai JY, Cheng CC. A CO 2-Responsive Imidazole-Functionalized Fluorescent Material Mediates Cancer Chemotherapy. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15020354. [PMID: 36839677 PMCID: PMC9959563 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15020354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2022] [Revised: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
We present a breakthrough in the synthesis and development of functional gas-responsive materials as highly potent anticancer agents suitable for applications in cancer treatment. Herein, we successfully synthesised a stimuli-responsive multifunctional material (I-R6G) consisting of a carbon dioxide (CO2)-sensitive imidazole moiety and spirolactam-containing conjugated rhodamine 6G (R6G) molecule. The resulting I-R6G is highly hydrophobic and non- or weakly fluorescent. Simple CO2 bubbling treatment induces hydrophobic I-R6G to completely dissolve in water and subsequently form self-assembled nanoparticles, which exhibit unique optical absorption and fluorescence behaviours in water and extremely low haemolytic ability against sheep red blood cells. Reversibility testing indicated that I-R6G undergoes reversible CO2/nitrogen (N2)-dependent stimulation in water, as its structural and physical properties can be reversibly and stably switched by alternating cycles of CO2 and N2 bubbling. Importantly, in vitro cellular assays clearly demonstrated that the CO2-protonated imidazole moiety promotes rapid internalisation of CO2-treated I-R6G into cancer cells, which subsequently induces massive levels of necrotic cell death. In contrast, CO2-treated I-R6G was not internalised and did not affect the viability of normal cells. Therefore, this newly created system may provide an innovative and efficient route to remarkably improve the selectivity, safety and efficacy of cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vo Thuy Thien Ngan
- Graduate Institute of Applied Science and Technology, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei 10607, Taiwan
| | - Po-Yen Chiou
- Graduate Institute of Applied Science and Technology, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei 10607, Taiwan
| | - Fasih Bintang Ilhami
- Graduate Institute of Applied Science and Technology, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei 10607, Taiwan
| | - Enyew Alemayehu Bayle
- Graduate Institute of Applied Science and Technology, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei 10607, Taiwan
| | - Yeong-Tarng Shieh
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, National University of Kaohsiung, Kaohsiung 81148, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Tsung Chuang
- National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center, Hsinchu 30076, Taiwan
| | - Jem-Kun Chen
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei 10607, Taiwan
| | - Juin-Yih Lai
- Graduate Institute of Applied Science and Technology, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei 10607, Taiwan
- Advanced Membrane Materials Research Center, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei 10607, Taiwan
- R & D Center for Membrane Technology, Chung Yuan Christian University, Chungli, Taoyuan 32023, Taiwan
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Yuan Ze University, Chungli, Taoyuan 32003, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Chia Cheng
- Graduate Institute of Applied Science and Technology, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei 10607, Taiwan
- Advanced Membrane Materials Research Center, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei 10607, Taiwan
- Correspondence:
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6
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Parfeniuk T, Kazakov I, Pomogaeva A, Lisovenko A, Lӧwe P, Dielmann F, Timoshkin A. Reactivity of oxo- and thiophosphonium Lewis acids towards acetonitrile and pyridine. Polyhedron 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2022.116138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
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7
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Ren R, Lim C, Li S, Wang Y, Song J, Lin TW, Muir BW, Hsu HY, Shen HH. Recent Advances in the Development of Lipid-, Metal-, Carbon-, and Polymer-Based Nanomaterials for Antibacterial Applications. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:nano12213855. [PMID: 36364631 PMCID: PMC9658259 DOI: 10.3390/nano12213855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Revised: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/28/2022] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Infections caused by multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria are becoming a serious threat to public health worldwide. With an ever-reducing pipeline of last-resort drugs further complicating the current dire situation arising due to antibiotic resistance, there has never been a greater urgency to attempt to discover potential new antibiotics. The use of nanotechnology, encompassing a broad range of organic and inorganic nanomaterials, offers promising solutions. Organic nanomaterials, including lipid-, polymer-, and carbon-based nanomaterials, have inherent antibacterial activity or can act as nanocarriers in delivering antibacterial agents. Nanocarriers, owing to the protection and enhanced bioavailability of the encapsulated drugs, have the ability to enable an increased concentration of a drug to be delivered to an infected site and reduce the associated toxicity elsewhere. On the other hand, inorganic metal-based nanomaterials exhibit multivalent antibacterial mechanisms that combat MDR bacteria effectively and reduce the occurrence of bacterial resistance. These nanomaterials have great potential for the prevention and treatment of MDR bacterial infection. Recent advances in the field of nanotechnology are enabling researchers to utilize nanomaterial building blocks in intriguing ways to create multi-functional nanocomposite materials. These nanocomposite materials, formed by lipid-, polymer-, carbon-, and metal-based nanomaterial building blocks, have opened a new avenue for researchers due to the unprecedented physiochemical properties and enhanced antibacterial activities being observed when compared to their mono-constituent parts. This review covers the latest advances of nanotechnologies used in the design and development of nano- and nanocomposite materials to fight MDR bacteria with different purposes. Our aim is to discuss and summarize these recently established nanomaterials and the respective nanocomposites, their current application, and challenges for use in applications treating MDR bacteria. In addition, we discuss the prospects for antimicrobial nanomaterials and look forward to further develop these materials, emphasizing their potential for clinical translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruohua Ren
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia
| | - Chiaxin Lim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia
- Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia
| | - Shiqi Li
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia
| | - Yajun Wang
- College of Chemistry & Materials Engineering, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Jiangning Song
- Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia
| | - Tsung-Wu Lin
- Department of Chemistry, Tunghai University, No.1727, Sec.4, Taiwan Boulevard, Xitun District, Taichung 40704, Taiwan
| | | | - Hsien-Yi Hsu
- School of Energy and Environment, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong 518057, China
| | - Hsin-Hui Shen
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia
- Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia
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8
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Zhen JB, Yi J, Ding HH, Yang KW. Self-Assembled Cationic Nanoparticles Combined with Curcumin against Multidrug-Resistant Bacteria. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:29909-29922. [PMID: 36061679 PMCID: PMC9434756 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c02855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The overuse of antibiotics exacerbates the development of antibiotic-resistant bacteria, threatening global public health, while most traditional antibiotics act on specific targets and sterilize through chemical modes. Therefore, it is a desperate need to design novel therapeutics or extraordinary strategies to overcome resistant bacteria. Herein, we report a positively charged nanocomposite PNs-Cur with a hydrodynamic diameter of 289.6 nm, which was fabricated by ring-opening polymerization of ε-caprolactone and Z-Lys-N-carboxyanhydrides (NCAs), and then natural curcumin was loaded onto the PCL core of PNs with a nanostructure through self-assembly, identified through UV-vis, and characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and dynamic light scattering (DLS). Especially, the self-assembly dynamics of PNs was simulated through molecular modeling to confirm the formation of a core-shell nanostructure. Biological assays revealed that PNs-Cur possessed broad-spectrum and efficient antibacterial activities against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, including drug-resistant clinical bacteria and fungus, with MIC values in the range of 8-32 μg/mL. Also, in vivo evaluation showed that PNs-Cur exhibited strong antibacterial activities in infected mice. Importantly, the nanocomposite did not indeed induce the emergence of drug-resistant bacterial strains even after 21 passages, especially showing low toxicity regardless of in vivo or in vitro. The study of the antibacterial mechanism indicated that PNs-Cur could indeed destruct membrane potential, change the membrane potential, and cause the leakage of the cytoplasm. Concurrently, the released curcumin further plays a bactericidal role, eventually leading to bacterial irreversible apoptosis. This unique bacterial mode that PNs-Cur possesses may be the reason why it is not easy to make the bacteria susceptible to easily produce drug resistance. Overall, the constructed PNs-Cur is a promising antibacterial material, which provides a novel strategy to develop efficient antibacterial materials and combat increasingly prevalent bacterial infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Bin Zhen
- Department
of Materials Engineering, Taiyuan Institute
of Technology, Taiyuan 030008, China
| | - Jiajia Yi
- School
of Materials Science and Engineering, North
University of China,Taiyuan 030051, China
| | - Huan Huan Ding
- Key
Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry
of Ministry of Education, the Chemical Biology Innovation Laboratory,
College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi’an 710127, P. R. China
| | - Ke-Wu Yang
- Key
Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry
of Ministry of Education, the Chemical Biology Innovation Laboratory,
College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi’an 710127, P. R. China
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9
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Chen X, Ding Y, Li Y, Li J, Sun L, Wei X, Wei J, Zhang K, Wang H, Pan L, He S, Li Y. Modification of polylactide by poly(ionic liquid)-b-polylactide copolymer and bio-based ionomers: Excellent toughness, transparency and antibacterial property. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 221:1512-1526. [PMID: 35998852 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.08.122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Polylactide (PLA) is one of the most attractive bioplastics as it can be produced from nontoxic renewable feedstock. However, its inherently poor toughness greatly limits its large-scale application. Cost-effectively toughening PLA without sacrificing its transparency remains a big challenge. We herein prepared an imidazolium-based poly(ionic liquid)-b-PLA copolymer (ILA) and ionomers as toughening agent for PLA through an integrative approach including continuous-monomer-feeding copolymerization, quaternization reaction, ion exchange and inter-ionomers blending. By blending PLA with the ILA and ionomers, we successfully obtained PLA materials with combined features including high toughness, good transparency and antibacterial properties. The effects of regulated ionomer composition and ILA compatibilizer on phase morphology, mechanical properties and transparency of the blends were systematically studied. The optimum formulation (PLA/E12/ILA 60/40/5) shows an impressive transmittance of 89-93 %, high impact strength of 45 kJ/m2 and elongation at break at 170 %, which are about 17 and 24 times that of pure PLA, respectively. More interestingly, the presence of imidazolium cation and anion groups endows the blends with attractive antibacterial properties. Ion exchange between ILA copolymer and the imidazolium-containing ionomeric system leads to a synergistic effect of compatibilization and efficient toughening, providing a new strategy for develop high performance PLA materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangjian Chen
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Composite and Functional Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350, China
| | - Yingli Ding
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Composite and Functional Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350, China
| | - Yang Li
- Advanced Materials Research Center, Petrochemical Research Institute, PetroChina Company Limited, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Jinshan Li
- Advanced Materials Research Center, Petrochemical Research Institute, PetroChina Company Limited, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Liming Sun
- Advanced Materials Research Center, Petrochemical Research Institute, PetroChina Company Limited, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Xiaohui Wei
- Advanced Materials Research Center, Petrochemical Research Institute, PetroChina Company Limited, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Jie Wei
- Advanced Materials Research Center, Petrochemical Research Institute, PetroChina Company Limited, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Kunyu Zhang
- Advanced Materials Research Center, Petrochemical Research Institute, PetroChina Company Limited, Beijing 102206, China.
| | - Hao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing and the Key Laboratory of Catalysis of CNPC, China University of Petroleum, Beijing 102249, China
| | - Li Pan
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Composite and Functional Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350, China.
| | - Shengbao He
- Advanced Materials Research Center, Petrochemical Research Institute, PetroChina Company Limited, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Yuesheng Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Composite and Functional Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350, China
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10
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Affiliation(s)
- Phuong Pham
- Centre for Advanced Macromolecular Design and Australian Centre for NanoMedicine School of Chemical Engineering The University of New South Wales Sydney NSW 2052 Australia
| | - Susan Oliver
- Centre for Advanced Macromolecular Design and Australian Centre for NanoMedicine School of Chemical Engineering The University of New South Wales Sydney NSW 2052 Australia
| | - Cyrille Boyer
- Centre for Advanced Macromolecular Design and Australian Centre for NanoMedicine School of Chemical Engineering The University of New South Wales Sydney NSW 2052 Australia
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11
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Wu CY, Melaku AZ, Ilhami FB, Chiu CW, Cheng CC. Conductive Supramolecular Polymer Nanocomposites with Tunable Properties to Manipulate Cell Growth and Functions. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23084332. [PMID: 35457150 PMCID: PMC9032009 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23084332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2022] [Revised: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Synthetic bioactive nanocomposites show great promise in biomedicine for use in tissue growth, wound healing and the potential for bioengineered skin substitutes. Hydrogen-bonded supramolecular polymers (3A-PCL) can be combined with graphite crystals to form graphite/3A-PCL composites with tunable physical properties. When used as a bioactive substrate for cell culture, graphite/3A-PCL composites have an extremely low cytotoxic activity on normal cells and a high structural stability in a medium with red blood cells. A series of in vitro studies demonstrated that the resulting composite substrates can efficiently interact with cell surfaces to promote the adhesion, migration, and proliferation of adherent cells, as well as rapid wound healing ability at the damaged cellular surface. Importantly, placing these substrates under an indirect current electric field at only 0.1 V leads to a marked acceleration in cell growth, a significant increase in total cell numbers, and a remarkable alteration in cell morphology. These results reveal a newly created system with great potential to provide an efficient route for the development of multifunctional bioactive substrates with unique electro-responsiveness to manipulate cell growth and functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-You Wu
- Graduate Institute of Applied Science and Technology, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei 10607, Taiwan; (C.-Y.W.); (A.Z.M.); (F.B.I.)
| | - Ashenafi Zeleke Melaku
- Graduate Institute of Applied Science and Technology, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei 10607, Taiwan; (C.-Y.W.); (A.Z.M.); (F.B.I.)
| | - Fasih Bintang Ilhami
- Graduate Institute of Applied Science and Technology, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei 10607, Taiwan; (C.-Y.W.); (A.Z.M.); (F.B.I.)
| | - Chih-Wei Chiu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei 10607, Taiwan;
| | - Chih-Chia Cheng
- Graduate Institute of Applied Science and Technology, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei 10607, Taiwan; (C.-Y.W.); (A.Z.M.); (F.B.I.)
- Advanced Membrane Materials Research Center, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei 10607, Taiwan
- Correspondence:
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12
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Chen Y, Huang Y, Jin Q. Polymeric nanoplatforms for the delivery of antibacterial agents. MACROMOL CHEM PHYS 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/macp.202100440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yongcheng Chen
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecule Synthesis and Functionalization of Ministry of Education Department of Polymer Science and Engineering Zhejiang University Hangzhou Zhejiang 310027 PR China
| | - Yue Huang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecule Synthesis and Functionalization of Ministry of Education Department of Polymer Science and Engineering Zhejiang University Hangzhou Zhejiang 310027 PR China
| | - Qiao Jin
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecule Synthesis and Functionalization of Ministry of Education Department of Polymer Science and Engineering Zhejiang University Hangzhou Zhejiang 310027 PR China
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13
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Si Z, Zheng W, Prananty D, Li J, Koh CH, Kang ET, Pethe K, Chan-Park MB. Polymers as advanced antibacterial and antibiofilm agents for direct and combination therapies. Chem Sci 2022; 13:345-364. [PMID: 35126968 PMCID: PMC8729810 DOI: 10.1039/d1sc05835e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The growing prevalence of antimicrobial drug resistance in pathogenic bacteria is a critical threat to global health. Conventional antibiotics still play a crucial role in treating bacterial infections, but the emergence and spread of antibiotic-resistant micro-organisms are rapidly eroding their usefulness. Cationic polymers, which target bacterial membranes, are thought to be the last frontier in antibacterial development. This class of molecules possesses several advantages including a low propensity for emergence of resistance and rapid bactericidal effect. This review surveys the structure-activity of advanced antimicrobial cationic polymers, including poly(α-amino acids), β-peptides, polycarbonates, star polymers and main-chain cationic polymers, with low toxicity and high selectivity to potentially become useful for real applications. Their uses as potentiating adjuvants to overcome bacterial membrane-related resistance mechanisms and as antibiofilm agents are also covered. The review is intended to provide valuable information for design and development of cationic polymers as antimicrobial and antibiofilm agents for translational applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhangyong Si
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University Singapore 637459 Singapore
| | - Wenbin Zheng
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University Singapore 637459 Singapore
| | - Dicky Prananty
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University Singapore 637459 Singapore
| | - Jianghua Li
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University Singapore 637459 Singapore
| | - Chong Hui Koh
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University Singapore 637459 Singapore
| | - En-Tang Kang
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore 4 Engineering Drive 4, Kent Ridge Singapore 117585 Singapore
| | - Kevin Pethe
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University Singapore 636921 Singapore
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University Singapore 637551 Singapore
| | - Mary B Chan-Park
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University Singapore 637459 Singapore
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University Singapore 636921 Singapore
- School of Physical & Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University Singapore 637371 Singapore
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14
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Nam SY, Lee J, Shin SS, Yoo HJ, Yun M, Kim S, Kim JH, Lee JH. Antibacterial and cytotoxic properties of star-shaped quaternary ammonium-functionalized polymers with different pendant groups. Polym Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2py00007e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The correlation between the structure and biological activity of polymers is critically important for rationally designing effective antibacterial polymers. Here, the antibacterial activity, cytotoxicity, and selectivity of structurally well-defined, star-shaped...
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15
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Parkin H, Garcia-Hernandez JD, Street STG, Hof R, Manners I. Uniform, Length-Tunable Antibacterial 1D Diblock Copolymer Nanofibers. Polym Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2py00262k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The rapid increase in antibiotic resistant strains of bacteria has led to an urgent need to develop new methods of treating bacterial infections. Antibacterial polymeric nanoparticles are of interest for...
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16
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Jung K, Corrigan N, Wong EHH, Boyer C. Bioactive Synthetic Polymers. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2022; 34:e2105063. [PMID: 34611948 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202105063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Revised: 08/13/2021] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Synthetic polymers are omnipresent in society as textiles and packaging materials, in construction and medicine, among many other important applications. Alternatively, natural polymers play a crucial role in sustaining life and allowing organisms to adapt to their environments by performing key biological functions such as molecular recognition and transmission of genetic information. In general, the synthetic and natural polymer worlds are completely separated due to the inability for synthetic polymers to perform specific biological functions; in some cases, synthetic polymers cause uncontrolled and unwanted biological responses. However, owing to the advancement of synthetic polymerization techniques in recent years, new synthetic polymers have emerged that provide specific biological functions such as targeted molecular recognition of peptides, or present antiviral, anticancer, and antimicrobial activities. In this review, the emergence of this generation of bioactive synthetic polymers and their bioapplications are summarized. Finally, the future opportunities in this area are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenward Jung
- Cluster for Advanced Macromolecular Design (CAMD), Australian Centre for Nanomedicine (ACN), and School of Chemical Engineering, University of New South Wales (UNSW) Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Nathaniel Corrigan
- Cluster for Advanced Macromolecular Design (CAMD), Australian Centre for Nanomedicine (ACN), and School of Chemical Engineering, University of New South Wales (UNSW) Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Edgar H H Wong
- Cluster for Advanced Macromolecular Design (CAMD), Australian Centre for Nanomedicine (ACN), and School of Chemical Engineering, University of New South Wales (UNSW) Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Cyrille Boyer
- Cluster for Advanced Macromolecular Design (CAMD), Australian Centre for Nanomedicine (ACN), and School of Chemical Engineering, University of New South Wales (UNSW) Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
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17
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Ma J, Li K, Gu S. Selective strategies for antibacterial regulation of nanomaterials. RSC Adv 2022; 12:4852-4864. [PMID: 35425473 PMCID: PMC8981418 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra08996j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Recalcitrant bacterial infection, as a worldwide challenge, causes large problems for human health and is attracting great attention. The excessive antibiotic-dependent treatment of infections is prone to induce antibiotic resistance. A variety of unique nanomaterials provide an excellent toolkit for killing bacteria and preventing drug resistance. It is of great importance to summarize the design rules of nanomaterials for inhibiting the growth of pathogenic bacteria. We completed a review involving the strategies for regulating antibacterial nanomaterials. First, we discuss the antibacterial manipulation of nanomaterials, including the interaction between the nanomaterial and the bacteria, the damage of the bacterial structure, and the inactivation of biomolecules. Next, we identify six main factors for controlling the antibacterial activity of nanomaterials, including their element composition, size dimensions, surface charge, surface topography, shape selection and modification density. Every factor possesses a preferable standard for maximizing antibacterial activity, providing universal rules for antibacterial regulation of nanomaterials. We hope this comprehensive review will help researchers to precisely design and synthesize nanomaterials, developing intelligent antibacterial agents to address bacterial infections. This review builds universal design rules for the antibacterial regulation of nanomaterials.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinliang Ma
- College of Food and Bioengineering, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan 471023, China
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Kexin Li
- College of Food and Bioengineering, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan 471023, China
| | - Shaobin Gu
- College of Food and Bioengineering, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan 471023, China
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18
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Ma Y, Xu H, Sun B, Du S, Cui S, Zhang L, Ding N, Yang D. pH-Responsive Oxygen and Hydrogen Peroxide Self-Supplying Nanosystem for Photodynamic and Chemodynamic Therapy of Wound Infection. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:59720-59730. [PMID: 34889592 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c19681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The combination of photodynamic therapy (PDT) and chemodynamic therapy (CDT) has been continuously explored in the antibacterial aspect and has achieved more effective antibacterial effect than a single therapy. We design a pH-responsive O2 and H2O2 self-supplying zeolitic imidazolate framework-67 (ZIF-67) nanosystem for PDT/CDT of wound infection. Under the acidic inflammatory conditions, ZIF-67 can degrade to produce Co2+ and release CaO2 and graphene quantum dots (GQDs). The exposed CaO2 reacted with water to generate H2O2 and O2. The self-supplied O2 alleviates hypoxia at the site of inflammation and enhances external light-initiated GQD-mediated PDT, while H2O2 was catalyzed by endogenous Co2+ to produce hydroxyl radicals for Co2+-triggered CDT. In vitro and in vivo experiments confirm that CaO2/GQDs@ZIF-67 has a combined PDT/CDT effect. The antibacterial mechanism indicates that bacteria post-treated with CaO2/GQDs@ZIF-67 may be sterilized by reactive oxygen species-mediated oxidative stress and the leakage of bacterial contents. The experiments also find that CaO2/GQDs@ZIF-67 may activate the immune response and enhance the therapeutic effect by activating the cyclic GMP-AMP synthase-stimulator of interferon genes signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunsu Ma
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, China
| | - Huanghuang Xu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, China
- Suqian Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Suqian, Jiangsu 223800, China
| | - Bo Sun
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, China
| | - Silin Du
- Kangda College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 222000, China
| | - Shuai Cui
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, China
| | - Ning Ding
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, China
| | - Dongzhi Yang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, China
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19
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Babutan I, Lucaci AD, Botiz I. Antimicrobial Polymeric Structures Assembled on Surfaces. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:1552. [PMID: 34066135 PMCID: PMC8150949 DOI: 10.3390/polym13101552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2021] [Revised: 05/08/2021] [Accepted: 05/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Pathogenic microbes are the main cause of various undesired infections in living organisms, including humans. Most of these infections are favored in hospital environments where humans are being treated with antibiotics and where some microbes succeed in developing resistance to such drugs. As a consequence, our society is currently researching for alternative, yet more efficient antimicrobial solutions. Certain natural and synthetic polymers are versatile materials that have already proved themselves to be highly suitable for the development of the next-generation of antimicrobial systems that can efficiently prevent and kill microbes in various environments. Here, we discuss the latest developments of polymeric structures, exhibiting (reinforced) antimicrobial attributes that can be assembled on surfaces and coatings either from synthetic polymers displaying antiadhesive and/or antimicrobial properties or from blends and nanocomposites based on such polymers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iulia Babutan
- Interdisciplinary Research Institute on Bio-Nano-Sciences, Babeș-Bolyai University, 42 Treboniu Laurian Str., 400271 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
- Faculty of Physics, Babeș-Bolyai University, 1 M. Kogălniceanu Str., 400084 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Alexandra-Delia Lucaci
- George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science, and Technology of Târgu Mureș, 38 Gheorghe Marinescu Str., 540142 Târgu Mureș, Romania;
| | - Ioan Botiz
- Interdisciplinary Research Institute on Bio-Nano-Sciences, Babeș-Bolyai University, 42 Treboniu Laurian Str., 400271 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
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20
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Targeted polymer-based antibiotic delivery system: A promising option for treating bacterial infections via macromolecular approaches. Prog Polym Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2021.101389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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21
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Bi S, Kong M, Cheng X, Chen X. Temperature sensitive self-assembling hydroxybutyl chitosan nanoparticles with cationic enhancement effect for multi-functional applications. Carbohydr Polym 2021; 254:117199. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2020.117199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2020] [Revised: 09/14/2020] [Accepted: 10/06/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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22
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Zhang Y, Wang Y, Meng L, Huang Q, Zhu Y, Cui W, Cheng Y, Liu R. Targeted micelles with chemotherapeutics and gene drugs to inhibit the G1/S and G2/M mitotic cycle of prostate cancer. J Nanobiotechnology 2021; 19:17. [PMID: 33422073 PMCID: PMC7796562 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-020-00756-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2020] [Accepted: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chemotherapy and gene therapy are used in clinical practice for the treatment of castration-resistant prostate cancer. However, the poor efficiency of drug delivery and serious systemic side effects remain an obstacle to wider application of these drugs. Herein, we report newly designed PEO-PCL micelles that were self-assembled and modified by spermine ligand, DCL ligand and TAT peptide to carry docetaxel and anti-nucleostemin siRNA. RESULTS The particle size of the micelles was 42 nm, the zeta potential increased from - 12.8 to 15 mV after grafting with spermine, and the optimal N/P ratio was 25:1. Cellular MTT experiments suggested that introduction of the DCL ligand resulted in high toxicity toward PSMA-positive cells and that the TAT peptide enhanced the effect. The expression of nucleostemin was significantly suppressed in vitro and in vivo, and the tumour-inhibition experiment showed that the dual-drug delivery system suppressed CRPC tumour proliferation. CONCLUSIONS This targeted drug delivery system inhibited the G1/S and G2/M mitotic cycle via synergistic interaction of chemotherapeutics and gene drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiran Zhang
- Tianjin Institute of Urology & Department of Urology, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, 23 Pingjiang Road, Hexi District, Tianjin, 300211, People's Republic of China.,Department of Interventional Radiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, No. 600, Yishan Road, Shanghai, 200233, People's Republic of China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory for Prevention and Treatment of Bone and Joint Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Traumatology and Orthopaedics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin 2nd Road, Shanghai, 200025, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanming Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, College of Pharmacy, Nankai University College of Pharmacy, Nankai University, Haihe Education Park, 38 Tongyan Road, Tianjin, 300353, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Meng
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, College of Pharmacy, Nankai University College of Pharmacy, Nankai University, Haihe Education Park, 38 Tongyan Road, Tianjin, 300353, People's Republic of China
| | - Qingqing Huang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, College of Pharmacy, Nankai University College of Pharmacy, Nankai University, Haihe Education Park, 38 Tongyan Road, Tianjin, 300353, People's Republic of China
| | - Yueqi Zhu
- Department of Interventional Radiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, No. 600, Yishan Road, Shanghai, 200233, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenguo Cui
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Prevention and Treatment of Bone and Joint Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Traumatology and Orthopaedics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin 2nd Road, Shanghai, 200025, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yingsheng Cheng
- Department of Interventional Radiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, No. 600, Yishan Road, Shanghai, 200233, People's Republic of China.
| | - Ranlu Liu
- Tianjin Institute of Urology & Department of Urology, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, 23 Pingjiang Road, Hexi District, Tianjin, 300211, People's Republic of China.
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23
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Ding HH, Chigan JZ, Zhen JB, Liu L, Xu YS, Chen C, Yang KW. Cholesteroled polymer (Chol-b-Lys)-based nanoparticles (CL-NPs) confer antibacterial efficacy without resistance. NEW J CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1nj03944j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The nanoparticles CL-NPs assembled by polymer Chol-b-Lys confer antibacterial efficacy without resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan-Huan Ding
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi’an 710127, P. R. China
| | - Jia-Zhu Chigan
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi’an 710127, P. R. China
| | - Jian-Bin Zhen
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi’an 710127, P. R. China
| | - Lu Liu
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi’an 710127, P. R. China
| | - Yin-Sui Xu
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi’an 710127, P. R. China
| | - Cheng Chen
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi’an 710127, P. R. China
| | - Ke-Wu Yang
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi’an 710127, P. R. China
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24
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Pham P, Oliver S, Wong EHH, Boyer C. Effect of hydrophilic groups on the bioactivity of antimicrobial polymers. Polym Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1py01075a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Antimicrobial polymers have recently been investigated as potential treatments to combat multidrug-resistant pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phuong Pham
- Australian Centre for NanoMedicine and Cluster for Advanced Macromolecular Design (CAMD), School of Chemical Engineering, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Susan Oliver
- Australian Centre for NanoMedicine and Cluster for Advanced Macromolecular Design (CAMD), School of Chemical Engineering, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Edgar H. H. Wong
- Australian Centre for NanoMedicine and Cluster for Advanced Macromolecular Design (CAMD), School of Chemical Engineering, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Cyrille Boyer
- Australian Centre for NanoMedicine and Cluster for Advanced Macromolecular Design (CAMD), School of Chemical Engineering, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
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25
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Ding HH, Zhao MH, Zhai L, Zhen JB, Sun LY, Chigan JZ, Chen C, Li JQ, Gao H, Yang KW. A quinine-based quaternized polymer: a potent scaffold with bactericidal properties without resistance. Polym Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d0py01751e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A quinine-based quaternized polymer confers bactericidal efficacy by destroying the membrane structure of bacteria.
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26
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Sharma B, Clem CM, Diaz Perez A, Striegler S. Antimicrobial Activity of Microgels with an Immobilized Copper(II) Complex Linked to Cross-Linking and Composition. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2020; 3:7611-7619. [DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.0c00820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Babloo Sharma
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, 345 North Campus Drive, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, Arkansas 72701, United States
| | - Carlie M. Clem
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, 345 North Campus Drive, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, Arkansas 72701, United States
| | - Alda Diaz Perez
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, 345 North Campus Drive, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, Arkansas 72701, United States
| | - Susanne Striegler
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, 345 North Campus Drive, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, Arkansas 72701, United States
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27
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Phuong PT, Oliver S, He J, Wong EHH, Mathers RT, Boyer C. Effect of Hydrophobic Groups on Antimicrobial and Hemolytic Activity: Developing a Predictive Tool for Ternary Antimicrobial Polymers. Biomacromolecules 2020; 21:5241-5255. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.0c01320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Pham Thu Phuong
- Australian Centre for NanoMedicine, School of Chemical Engineering, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales 2052, Australia
| | - Susan Oliver
- Australian Centre for NanoMedicine, School of Chemical Engineering, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales 2052, Australia
| | - Junchen He
- Australian Centre for NanoMedicine, School of Chemical Engineering, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales 2052, Australia
| | - Edgar H. H. Wong
- Australian Centre for NanoMedicine, School of Chemical Engineering, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales 2052, Australia
| | - Robert T. Mathers
- Department of Chemistry, Penn State University, New Kensington, Pennsylvania 15068, United States
| | - Cyrille Boyer
- Australian Centre for NanoMedicine, School of Chemical Engineering, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales 2052, Australia
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28
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Koyasseril-Yehiya TM, García-Heredia A, Anson F, Rangadurai P, Siegrist MS, Thayumanavan S. Supramolecular antibiotics: a strategy for conversion of broad-spectrum to narrow-spectrum antibiotics for Staphylococcus aureus. NANOSCALE 2020; 12:20693-20698. [PMID: 33029599 PMCID: PMC7581559 DOI: 10.1039/d0nr04886k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
The propensity of broad-spectrum antibiotics to indiscriminately kill both pathogenic and beneficial bacteria has a profound impact on the spread of resistance across multiple bacterial species. Alternative approaches that narrow antibacterial specificity towards desired pathogenic bacterial population are of great interest. Here, we report an enzyme-responsive antibiotic-loaded nanoassembly strategy for narrow delivery of otherwise broad-spectrum antibiotics. We specifically target Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), an important blood pathogen that secretes PC1 β-lactamases. Our nanoassemblies selectively eradicate S. aureus grown in vitro with other bacteria, highlighting its potential capability in targeting the desired pathogenic bacterial population.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Alam García-Heredia
- Molecular and Cellular Biology Program, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, USA
| | - Francesca Anson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, USA.
| | - Poornima Rangadurai
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, USA.
| | - M Sloan Siegrist
- Molecular and Cellular Biology Program, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, USA and Department of Microbiology, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, USA. and Models to Medicine, Institute for Applied Life Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, USA
| | - S Thayumanavan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, USA. and Molecular and Cellular Biology Program, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, USA and Models to Medicine, Institute for Applied Life Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, USA and The Center for Bioactive Delivery, Institute for Applied Life Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, USA
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29
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Hajirahimkhan S, Chapple DE, Gholami G, Blacquiere JM, Xu CC, Ragogna PJ. "Lignophines": lignin-based tertiary phosphines with metal-scavenging ability. Chem Commun (Camb) 2020; 56:10357-10360. [PMID: 32760984 DOI: 10.1039/d0cc03636f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Methacrylated lignin was reacted with PH3(g) to prepare a phosphorus rich bio-based polymer containing PH/PH2 functional groups, which were converted to tertiary phosphine units via the phosphane-ene reaction. This represents a straightforward method for the upconversion of low-value biomass waste to useful inorganic polymer with potential utility in metal scavenging applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soheil Hajirahimkhan
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, The University of Western Ontario, London, N6A 3K7, Canada
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30
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Cheng CC, Yang XJ, Fan WL, Lee AW, Lai JY. Cytosine-Functionalized Supramolecular Polymer-Mediated Cellular Behavior and Wound Healing. Biomacromolecules 2020; 21:3857-3866. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.0c00938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Chih-Chia Cheng
- Graduate Institute of Applied Science and Technology, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei 10607, Taiwan
- Advanced Membrane Materials Research Center, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei 10607, Taiwan
| | - Xiu-Jing Yang
- Graduate Institute of Applied Science and Technology, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei 10607, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Lu Fan
- Graduate Institute of Applied Science and Technology, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei 10607, Taiwan
| | - Ai-Wei Lee
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
- Taipei Heart Institute, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| | - Juin-Yih Lai
- Graduate Institute of Applied Science and Technology, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei 10607, Taiwan
- Advanced Membrane Materials Research Center, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei 10607, Taiwan
- R&D Center for Membrane Technology, Chung Yuan Christian University, Chungli, Taoyuan 32043, Taiwan
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Ghosh R, Malhotra M, Sathe RR, Jayakannan M. Biodegradable Polymer Theranostic Fluorescent Nanoprobe for Direct Visualization and Quantitative Determination of Antimicrobial Activity. Biomacromolecules 2020; 21:2896-2912. [PMID: 32539360 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.0c00653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
We report a biodegradable fluorescent theranostic nanoprobe design strategy for simultaneous visualization and quantitative determination of antibacterial activity for the treatment of bacterial infections. Cationic-charged polycaprolactone (PCL) was tailor-made through ring-opening polymerization methodology, and it was self-assembled into well-defined tiny 5.0 ± 0.1 nm aqueous nanoparticles (NPs) having a zeta potential of +45 mV. Excellent bactericidal activity at 10.0 ng/mL concentration was accomplished in Gram-negative bacterium Escherichia coli (E. coli) while maintaining their nonhemolytic nature in mice red blood cells (RBC) and their nontoxic trend in wild-type mouse embryonic fibroblast cells with a selectivity index of >104. Electron microscopic studies are evident of the E. coli membrane disruption mechanism by the cationic NP with respect to their high selectivity for antibacterial activity. Anionic biomarker 8-hydroxy-pyrene-1,3,6-trisulfonic acid (HPTS) was loaded in the cationic PCL NP via electrostatic interaction to yield a new fluorescent theranostic nanoprobe to accomplish both therapeutics and diagnostics together in a single nanosystem. The theranostic NP was readily degradable by a bacteria-secreted lipase enzyme as well as by lysosomal esterase enzymes at the intracellular compartments in <12 h and support their suitability for biomedical application. In the absence of bactericidal activity, the theranostic nanoprobe functions exclusively as a biomarker to exhibit strong green-fluorescent signals in live E. coli. Once it became active, the theranostic probe induces membrane disruption on E. coli, which enabled the costaining of nuclei by red fluorescent propidium iodide. As a result, live and dead bacteria could be visualized via green and orange signals (merging of red+green), respectively, during the course of the antibacterial activity by the theranostic probe. This has enabled the development of a new image-based fluorescence assay to directly visualize and quantitatively estimate the real-time antibacterial activity. Time-dependent bactericidal activity was coupled with selective photoexcitation in a confocal microscope to demonstrate the proof-of-concept of the working principle of a theranostic probe in E. coli. This new theranostic nanoprobe creates a new platform for the simultaneous probing and treating of bacterial infections in a single nanodesign, which is very useful for a long-term impact in healthcare applications.
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Zhen JB, Kang PW, Zhao MH, Yang KW. Silver Nanoparticle Conjugated Star PCL-b-AMPs Copolymer as Nanocomposite Exhibits Efficient Antibacterial Properties. Bioconjug Chem 2019; 31:51-63. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.9b00739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Bin Zhen
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry of Ministry of Education, the Chemical Biology Innovation Laboratory, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi’an 710127, P. R. China
| | - Peng-Wei Kang
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry of Ministry of Education, the Chemical Biology Innovation Laboratory, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi’an 710127, P. R. China
| | - Mu-Han Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry of Ministry of Education, the Chemical Biology Innovation Laboratory, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi’an 710127, P. R. China
| | - Ke-Wu Yang
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry of Ministry of Education, the Chemical Biology Innovation Laboratory, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi’an 710127, P. R. China
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Three-Component Sequential Reactions for Polymeric Nanoparticles with Tailorable Core and Surface Functionalities. Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chempr.2019.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Guo LY, Yan SZ, Tao X, Yang Q, Li Q, Wang TS, Yu SQ, Chen SL. Evaluation of hypocrellin A-loaded lipase sensitive polymer micelles for intervening methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus Aureus antibiotic-resistant bacterial infection. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2019; 106:110230. [PMID: 31753349 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2019.110230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2019] [Revised: 09/18/2019] [Accepted: 09/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
There is an urgent need for new antibacterial strategies to overcome the emergence of antibiotic resistance. Antibacterial photodynamic therapy (APDT) may be an effective method to deliver photosensitizers for the treatment of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infections. Here, we report that the photosensitizer hypocrellin A (HA) loaded into lipase-sensitive methoxy poly (ethylene glycol)-block-poly(ε-caprolactone) (mPEG-PCL) micelles showed high anti-MRSA activity in vitro and in vivo by PDT. Once the micelles come into contact with bacteria that secrete lipase, the PCL is degraded to release HA. Our results showed that the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of mPEG-PCL/HA micelles after light irradiation were 0.69 and 1.38 mg/L (HA concentration), respectively. In the dark, the MIC and MBC of the micelles were 250 and 500 mg/L (HA concentration), respectively. The fluorescent stain results further demonstrated the photodynamic antibacterial activity of mPEG-PCL/HA micelles. The survival rate of mice subjected to experimental acute peritonitis increased to 86% after treated with the micelles. The polymeric micelles showed low hemolytic activity and biocompatibility, simultaneously preventing aggregation in vivo and enhancing the water solubility of HA. Thus, the photosensitizer HA loaded micelles could be used as APDT for infections caused by bacteria without antibiotic resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling-Yuan Guo
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Microbes and Functional Genomics, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Shu-Zhen Yan
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Microbes and Functional Genomics, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Xin Tao
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Microbes and Functional Genomics, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Qing Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 31003, China
| | - Qiang Li
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Microbes and Functional Genomics, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Tian-Shu Wang
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Microbes and Functional Genomics, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Shu-Qin Yu
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, China.
| | - Shuang-Lin Chen
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Microbes and Functional Genomics, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, China.
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Shi J, Wang M, Sun Z, Liu Y, Guo J, Mao H, Yan F. Aggregation-induced emission-based ionic liquids for bacterial killing, imaging, cell labeling, and bacterial detection in blood cells. Acta Biomater 2019; 97:247-259. [PMID: 31352110 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2019.07.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2019] [Revised: 07/14/2019] [Accepted: 07/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
A series of aggregation-induced emission (AIE)-based imidazolium-type ionic liquids (ILs) were designed and synthesized for bacterial killing and imaging, cell labeling, and bacterial detection in blood cells. The AIE-based ILs showed antibacterial activities against both Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. The carbon chain length of substitution at the N3 position of the imidazolium cations highly affects the antibacterial properties of ILs. Owing to their AIE characteristics, the ILs could selectively capture fluorescence image of dead bacteria while killing the bacteria. The fluorescence intensity varied with the concentration of bacteria, indicating that AIE-based ILs has potential as an antibacterial material and an efficient probe for bacterial viability assay. In addition, the synthesized AIE-based ILs exhibit relatively low cytotoxicity and hemolysis rate and therefore potential for cell labeling, as well as bacterial detection in blood cells. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Bacteria are ubiquitous, especially the pathogenic bacteria, which pose a serious threat to human health. There is an urgent need for materials with efficient antibacterial properties and biocompatibility and without causing drug resistance. In this work, we synthesized a series of aggregation-induced emission (AIE)-doped imidazolium type ionic liquids (ILs) with multifunction potential of bacterial killing and imaging, cell labeling, and detection of bacteria from blood cells. The synthesized AIE-based ILs can image dead bacteria at the same time of killing these bacteria, which can avoid the fluorescent dyeing process. Simultaneously, the fluorescent imaging of dead bacteria can be distinguished by the naked eye, and the fluorescence intensity from the AIE-based ILs varied with the concentration of bacteria. In addition, the AIE-based ILs exhibit relatively low cytotoxicity and hemolysis rate and therefore potential for cell labeling as well as detection of bacteria from red blood cell suspension.
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Ding X, Wang A, Tong W, Xu FJ. Biodegradable Antibacterial Polymeric Nanosystems: A New Hope to Cope with Multidrug-Resistant Bacteria. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2019; 15:e1900999. [PMID: 30957927 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201900999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2019] [Revised: 03/19/2019] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
The human society is faced with daunting threats from bacterial infections. Over decades, a variety of antibacterial polymeric nanosystems have exhibited great promise for the eradication of multidrug-resistant bacteria and persistent biofilms by enhancing bacterial recognition and binding capabilities. In this Review, the "state-of-the-art" biodegradable antibacterial polymeric nanosystems, which could respond to bacteria environments (e.g., acidity or bacterial enzymes) for controlled antibiotic release or multimodal antibacterial treatment, are summarized. The current antibacterial polymeric nanosystems can be categorized into antibiotic-containing and intrinsic antibacterial nanosystems. The antibiotic-containing polymeric nanosystems include antibiotic-encapsulated nanocarriers (e.g., polymeric micelles, vesicles, nanogels) and antibiotic-conjugated polymer nanosystems for the delivery of antibiotic drugs. On the other hand, the intrinsic antibacterial polymer nanosystems containing bactericidal moieties such as quaternary ammonium groups, phosphonium groups, polycations, antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), and their synthetic mimics, are also described. The biodegradability of the nanosystems can be rendered by the incorporation of labile chemical linkages, such as carbonate, ester, amide, and phosphoester bonds. The design and synthesis of the degradable polymeric building blocks and their fabrications into nanosystems are also explicated, together with their plausible action mechanisms and potential biomedical applications. The perspectives of the current research in this field are also described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaokang Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
- Key Lab of Biomedical Materials of Natural Macromolecules, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100029, China
- Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Anzhi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
- Key Lab of Biomedical Materials of Natural Macromolecules, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100029, China
- Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Wei Tong
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
- Key Lab of Biomedical Materials of Natural Macromolecules, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100029, China
- Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Fu-Jian Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
- Key Lab of Biomedical Materials of Natural Macromolecules, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100029, China
- Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
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Yang P, Pageni P, Rahman MA, Bam M, Zhu T, Chen YP, Nagarkatti M, Decho AW, Tang C. Gold Nanoparticles with Antibiotic-Metallopolymers toward Broad-Spectrum Antibacterial Effects. Adv Healthc Mater 2019; 8:e1800854. [PMID: 30480381 PMCID: PMC6426663 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201800854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2018] [Revised: 10/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Bacterial infection has evolved into one of the most dangerous global health crises. Designing potent antimicrobial agents that can combat drug-resistant bacteria is essential for treating bacterial infections. In this paper, a strategy to graft metallopolymer-antibiotic bioconjugates on gold nanoparticles is developed as an antibacterial agent to fight against different bacterial strains. Thus, these nanoparticle conjugates combine various components in one system to display enhanced bactericidal efficacy, in which small sized nanoparticles provide high surface area for bacteria to contact, cationic metallopolymers interact with the negatively charged bacterial membranes, and the β-lactam antibiotics' sterilzation capabilities are improved via evading intracellular enzymolysis by β-lactamase. This nanoparticle-based antibiotic-metallopolymer system exhibits an excellent broad-spectrum antibacterial effect, particularly for Gram-negative bacteria, due to the synergistic effect of multicomponents on the interaction with bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Parasmani Pageni
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, United States
| | - Md Anisur Rahman
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, United States
| | - Marpe Bam
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, United States
| | - Tianyu Zhu
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, University of South Carolina, School of Medicine, Columbia, South Carolina 29209, United States
| | - Yung Pin Chen
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, United States
| | - Mitzi Nagarkatti
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, United States
| | - Alan W. Decho
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, University of South Carolina, School of Medicine, Columbia, South Carolina 29209, United States
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, United States
| | - Chuanbing Tang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, United States
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Biocompatible graphene-based nanoagent with NIR and magnetism dual-responses for effective bacterial killing and removal. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2019; 173:266-275. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2018.09.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2018] [Revised: 09/18/2018] [Accepted: 09/28/2018] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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Zhen JB, Zhao MH, Ge Y, Liu Y, Xu LW, Chen C, Gong YK, Yang KW. Construction, mechanism, and antibacterial resistance insight into polypeptide-based nanoparticles. Biomater Sci 2019; 7:4142-4152. [DOI: 10.1039/c9bm01050e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Demonstration of the bactericidal mechanism of self-assembled nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Bin Zhen
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry of Ministry of Education
- Chemical Biology Innovation Laboratory
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science
- Northwest University
- Xi'an 710127
| | - Mu-Han Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry of Ministry of Education
- Chemical Biology Innovation Laboratory
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science
- Northwest University
- Xi'an 710127
| | - Ying Ge
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry of Ministry of Education
- Chemical Biology Innovation Laboratory
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science
- Northwest University
- Xi'an 710127
| | - Ya Liu
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry of Ministry of Education
- Chemical Biology Innovation Laboratory
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science
- Northwest University
- Xi'an 710127
| | - Li-Wei Xu
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry of Ministry of Education
- Chemical Biology Innovation Laboratory
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science
- Northwest University
- Xi'an 710127
| | - Cheng Chen
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry of Ministry of Education
- Chemical Biology Innovation Laboratory
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science
- Northwest University
- Xi'an 710127
| | - Yong-Kuan Gong
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry of Ministry of Education
- Chemical Biology Innovation Laboratory
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science
- Northwest University
- Xi'an 710127
| | - Ke-Wu Yang
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry of Ministry of Education
- Chemical Biology Innovation Laboratory
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science
- Northwest University
- Xi'an 710127
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Qian Y, Cui H, Shi R, Guo J, Wang B, Xu Y, Ding Y, Mao H, Yan F. Antimicrobial anionic polymers: the effect of cations. Eur Polym J 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2018.07.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Fatty acid conjugated pyridinium cationic amphiphiles as antibacterial agents and self-assembling nano carriers. Chem Phys Lipids 2018; 214:1-10. [PMID: 29730266 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphyslip.2018.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2018] [Revised: 05/02/2018] [Accepted: 05/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Most of the bacteria are on the verge of becoming resistant to available potential antibiotics. Novel approaches to combat these drug resistant bacteria are turning out to be crucial. This study aimed to synthesize novel fatty acid based cationic amphiphiles (FCA) that would serve as nano-drug carrier having intrinsic antibacterial activity. Three fatty acids oleic acid, linoleic acid and linolenic acid based cationic amphiphiles were synthesized and evaluated for antibacterial activity and cytotoxicity. The application in the delivery of vancomycin (VCM) was demonstrated using oleic based cationic amphiphilic (OCA). OCA was self-assembled in aqueous media to prepare VCM loaded OCA vesicles. The particle size, polydispersity index, zeta potential and entrapment efficiency were found to be 132.9 ± 2.5 nm, 0.167 ± 0.02, 18.9 ± 1.2 mV and 61.24 ± 1.8% respectively. The images from transmission electron microscopy (TEM) revealed that the vesicles were spherical and bilayered. The release of VCM from OCA vesicles was sustained throughout the studied period of 72 h. From in vitro studies, a significant antibacterial activity was observed for all three FCAs and it was found that, VCM loaded OCA vesicles displayed indifference and synergism against Gram positive methicillin susceptible and resistant staphylococcus aureus respectively (MRSA). In contrast to minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of VCM against Gram negative Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa), the synthesized FCAs were more potent against both the strains, further there was no synergism observed against either of the strains when VCM was encapsulated in OCA vesicles. The synergism against MRSA was further confirmed in in vivo studies using mouse infection model. These findings therefore suggest that, FCAs can make promising nano-carrier systems for the delivery of antibiotics to treat infections caused by multi drug resistant bacteria.
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Sunaga S, Kokado K, Sada K. Lipophilic polyelectrolyte gel derived from phosphonium borate can absorb a wide range of organic solvents. SOFT MATTER 2018; 14:581-585. [PMID: 29261210 DOI: 10.1039/c7sm01841j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Herein, we demonstrate a polyelectrolyte gel which can absorb a wide range of organic solvents from dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO, permittivity: ε = 47.0) to tetrahydrofuran (ε = 5.6). The gel consists of polystyrene chains with small amounts (∼5 mol%) of lipophilic electrolytes derived from triphenylphosphonium tetraaryl borate. The swelling ability of the polyelectrolyte gel was higher than that of the alkyl ammonium tetraaryl borate previously reported by us, and this is attributed to the higher compatibility with organic solvents, as well as the higher dissociating ability, of the triphenyl phosphonium salt. The role of the ionic moieties was additionally confirmed by post modification of the polyelectrolyte gel via a conventional Wittig reaction, resulting in a nonionic gel. Our findings introduced here will lead to a clear-cut molecular design for polyelectrolyte gels which absorb all solvents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sokuro Sunaga
- Graduate School of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, and Faculty of Science, Hokkaido, Japan.
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Lin W, Zhang X, Qian L, Yao N, Pan Y, Zhang L. Doxorubicin-Loaded Unimolecular Micelle-Stabilized Gold Nanoparticles as a Theranostic Nanoplatform for Tumor-Targeted Chemotherapy and Computed Tomography Imaging. Biomacromolecules 2017; 18:3869-3880. [PMID: 29032674 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.7b00810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Current research is mainly trending toward addressing the development of multifunctional nanocarriers that could precisely reach disease sites, release drugs in a controlled-manner, and act as an imaging agent for both diagnosis and targeted therapy. In this study, a pH-sensitive theranostic nanoplatform as a promising dual-functional nanovector for tumor therapy and computed tomography (CT) imaging was developed. The 21-arm star-like triblock polymer of β-cyclodextrin-{poly(ε-caprolactone)-poly(2-aminoethyl methacrylate)-poly[poly(ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate]}21 [β-CD-(PCL-PAEMA-PPEGMA)21] with stable unimolecular micelles formed in aqueous solution was first synthesized by combined ROP with ARGET ATRP techniques and then was used as a template for fabricating gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) with uniform sizes and excellent colloidal stability in situ followed by the encapsulation of doxorubicin (DOX) with maximum entrapment efficiency up to 60% to generate the final product β-CD-(PCL-PAEMA-PPEGMA)21/AuNPs/DOX. Furthermore, dissipative particle dynamics (DPD) simulations revealed further details of the formation process of unimolecular micelles and the morphologies and distributions of AuNPs and DOX. Almost 80% of DOX was released in 120 h in an acidic tumoral environment in an in vitro drug release experiment, and the experiments both in vitro and in vivo demonstrated the fact that β-CD-(PCL-PAEMA-PPEGMA)21/AuNPs/DOX exhibited similar antitumor efficacy to free DOX and effective CT imaging performance. Therefore, we believe this structurally stable unimolecular micelle-based nanoplatform synergistically integrated with anticancer drug delivery and CT imaging capabilities hold great promise for future cancer theranostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjing Lin
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology , Guangzhou 510640, P. R. China.,School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology , Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
| | - Xiaofang Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology , Guangzhou 510640, P. R. China
| | - Long Qian
- Department of Biology and Center for Genomics and Systems Biology, New York University , New York, New York 10003, United States
| | - Na Yao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology , Guangzhou 510640, P. R. China
| | - Ya Pan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology , Guangzhou 510640, P. R. China
| | - Lijuan Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology , Guangzhou 510640, P. R. China
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Lee JH, El-Fiqi A, Mandakhbayar N, Lee HH, Kim HW. Drug/ion co-delivery multi-functional nanocarrier to regenerate infected tissue defect. Biomaterials 2017; 142:62-76. [PMID: 28727999 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2017.07.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2017] [Revised: 07/06/2017] [Accepted: 07/09/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Regeneration of infected tissues is a globally challenging issue in medicine and dentistry. Common clinical therapies involving a complete removal of infected areas together with a treatment of antimicrobial drugs are often suboptimal. Biomaterials with anti-bacterial and pro-regenerative potential can offer a solution to this. Here we design a novel nanocarrier based on a mesoporous silicate-calcium glass by doping with Ag ions and simultaneously loading antimicrobial drugs onto mesopores. The nanocarriers could controllably release multiple ions (silver, calcium, and silicate) and drugs (tetracycline or chlorohexidine) to levels therapeutically relevant, and effectively internalize to human dental stem cells (∼90%) with excellent viability, ultimately stimulating odontogenic differentiation. The release of Ag ions had profound effects on most oral bacteria species through a membrane rupture, and the antibiotic delivery complemented the antibacterial functions by inhibiting protein synthesis. Of note, the nanocarriers easily anchored to bacteria membrane helping the delivery of molecules to an intra-bacterial space. When administered to an infected dentin-pulp defect in rats, the therapeutic nanocarriers effectively regenerated tissues following a complete bacterial killing. This novel concept of multiple-delivering ions and drug can be extensively applied to other infectious tissues that require relayed biological functions (anti-bacterial then pro-regenerative) for successful healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung-Hwan Lee
- Institute of Tissue Regeneration Engineering (ITREN), Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, South Korea; Department of Biomaterials Science, College of Dentistry, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, South Korea
| | - Ahmed El-Fiqi
- Institute of Tissue Regeneration Engineering (ITREN), Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, South Korea; Glass Research Department, National Research Center, Cairo 12622, Egypt; Department of Nanobiomedical Science and BK21 PLUS NBM Global Research Center for Regenerative Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, South Korea
| | - Nandin Mandakhbayar
- Institute of Tissue Regeneration Engineering (ITREN), Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, South Korea; Department of Nanobiomedical Science and BK21 PLUS NBM Global Research Center for Regenerative Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, South Korea
| | - Hae-Hyoung Lee
- Institute of Tissue Regeneration Engineering (ITREN), Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, South Korea; Department of Biomaterials Science, College of Dentistry, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, South Korea
| | - Hae-Won Kim
- Institute of Tissue Regeneration Engineering (ITREN), Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, South Korea; Department of Biomaterials Science, College of Dentistry, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, South Korea; Department of Nanobiomedical Science and BK21 PLUS NBM Global Research Center for Regenerative Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, South Korea.
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46
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Cuthbert TJ, Jadischke JJ, de Bruyn JR, Ragogna PJ, Gillies ER. Self-Healing Polyphosphonium Ionic Networks. Macromolecules 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.7b00955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tyler J. Cuthbert
- Department
of Chemistry and the Centre for Advanced Materials and
Biomaterials Research, ‡Department of Physics and Astronomy and the Centre
for Advanced Materials and Biomaterials Research, and §Department of Chemical and Biochemical
Engineering, The University of Western Ontario, 1151 Richmond St., London, Ontario, Canada N6A 3K7
| | - Josh J. Jadischke
- Department
of Chemistry and the Centre for Advanced Materials and
Biomaterials Research, ‡Department of Physics and Astronomy and the Centre
for Advanced Materials and Biomaterials Research, and §Department of Chemical and Biochemical
Engineering, The University of Western Ontario, 1151 Richmond St., London, Ontario, Canada N6A 3K7
| | - John R. de Bruyn
- Department
of Chemistry and the Centre for Advanced Materials and
Biomaterials Research, ‡Department of Physics and Astronomy and the Centre
for Advanced Materials and Biomaterials Research, and §Department of Chemical and Biochemical
Engineering, The University of Western Ontario, 1151 Richmond St., London, Ontario, Canada N6A 3K7
| | - Paul J. Ragogna
- Department
of Chemistry and the Centre for Advanced Materials and
Biomaterials Research, ‡Department of Physics and Astronomy and the Centre
for Advanced Materials and Biomaterials Research, and §Department of Chemical and Biochemical
Engineering, The University of Western Ontario, 1151 Richmond St., London, Ontario, Canada N6A 3K7
| | - Elizabeth R. Gillies
- Department
of Chemistry and the Centre for Advanced Materials and
Biomaterials Research, ‡Department of Physics and Astronomy and the Centre
for Advanced Materials and Biomaterials Research, and §Department of Chemical and Biochemical
Engineering, The University of Western Ontario, 1151 Richmond St., London, Ontario, Canada N6A 3K7
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Huang F, Gao Y, Zhang Y, Cheng T, Ou H, Yang L, Liu J, Shi L, Liu J. Silver-Decorated Polymeric Micelles Combined with Curcumin for Enhanced Antibacterial Activity. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2017; 9:16880-16889. [PMID: 28481077 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.7b03347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Because of the mounting prevalence of complicated infections induced by multidrug-resistant bacteria, it is imperative to develop innovative and efficient antibacterial agents. In this work, we design a novel polymeric micelle for simultaneous decorating of silver nanoparticles and encapsulating of curcumin as a combination strategy to improve the antibacterial efficiency. In the constructed combination system, silver nanoparticles were decorated in the micellar shell because of the in situ reduction of silver ions, which were absorbed by the poly(aspartic acid) (PAsp) chains in the shell. Meanwhile, natural curcumin was encapsulated into the poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) core of the micelle through hydrophobic interaction. This strategy could prevent aggregation of silver nanoparticles and improve the water solubility of curcumin at the same time, which showed enhanced antibacterial activity toward Gram-negative P.aeruginosa and Gram-positive S.aureus compared with sliver-decorated micelle and curcumin-loaded micelle alone, due to the cooperative antibacterial effects of the silver nanoparticles and curcumin. Furthermore, the achieved combinational micelles had good biocompatibility and low hemolytic activity. Thus, our study provides a new pathway in the rational design of combination strategy for efficiently preventing the ubiquitous bacterial infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Huang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Radiation Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College , Tianjin 300192, P. R. China
| | - Yang Gao
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Radiation Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College , Tianjin 300192, P. R. China
| | - Yumin Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Radiation Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College , Tianjin 300192, P. R. China
| | - Tangjian Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials, Ministry of Education, Institute of Polymer Chemistry, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Nankai University , Tianjin 300071, P. R. China
| | - Hanlin Ou
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials, Ministry of Education, Institute of Polymer Chemistry, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Nankai University , Tianjin 300071, P. R. China
| | - Lijun Yang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Radiation Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College , Tianjin 300192, P. R. China
| | - Jinjian Liu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Radiation Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College , Tianjin 300192, P. R. China
| | - Linqi Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials, Ministry of Education, Institute of Polymer Chemistry, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Nankai University , Tianjin 300071, P. R. China
| | - Jianfeng Liu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Radiation Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College , Tianjin 300192, P. R. China
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