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Hou J, Chen L, Han B, Li Y, Yu L, Wang L, Tao S, Liu W. Distribution characteristics and risk assessment of neonicotinoid insecticides in planting soils of mainland China. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 902:166000. [PMID: 37541504 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.166000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Revised: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/06/2023]
Abstract
Neonicotinoid insecticides (NEOs) are generally used in crop production. Their widespread use on agricultural soil has raised concerns regarding their health and ecological risks. Previous studies have reported the contamination of the farmland soils with NEOs from the coastal provinces of China. Information about NEOs at the national scale as well as the residues of their metabolites are relatively unknown. In this study, 391 soil samples were collected from 31 provinces in nine agricultural regions across mainland China, and the concentrations of ten parent NEOs and three metabolites were determined. At least one NEO was detected in all soil samples, with the sum of the NEOs (ΣNEOs) ranging from 0.04 to 702 μg/kg. The most common parent NEO and metabolite are imidacloprid and imidacloprid-urea, respectively. The concentrations of NEOs in coastal regions at the same latitude were higher than those in inland regions. The NEOs were further compared in the soils of seven types of monocrops and three types of multiple crops (multicrops) (i.e., two types of crops were produced in succession or simultaneously within the decade of this study). The results showed that the highest NEO residues were found in soils planted with vegetables (VE), fruits (FR), and cotton (CO) monocrops and VE & FR multicrops. Differences in NEO concentrations were observed between soils planted with monocrops and multicrops. For example, VE & FR > VE > vegetables and grains (VE & GR) > GR. Moreover, the health risks posed by NEOs in agricultural soils in China are extremely low, and the ecological risks require urgent attention. Particularly, individual NEOs in > 45% of agricultural soils in mainland China may have sublethal effects on two non-target species (HQnon-target > 0.01).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Hou
- Key Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Liyuan Chen
- Key Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Bingjun Han
- Key Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Yujun Li
- Key Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Lu Yu
- Key Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Lixi Wang
- Key Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Shu Tao
- Key Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Wenxin Liu
- Key Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.
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Mahas JW, Steury TD, Huseth AS, Jacobson AL. Imidacloprid-resistant Aphis gossypii populations are more common in cotton-dominated landscapes. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2023; 79:1040-1047. [PMID: 36327354 DOI: 10.1002/ps.7274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2022] [Revised: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Widespread reports of reduced efficacy of imidacloprid for managing cotton aphids (Aphis gossypii Glover) in cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) prompted an investigation to characterize the susceptibility of 43 populations over a 2-year period. The susceptibility of A. gossypii populations to imidacloprid was examined by calculating LC50 values. Further analyses related resistance assay results to a gradient of cotton production intensity. RESULTS Concentration-mortality bioassays documencted populations that were 4.26-607.16 times more resistant than the susceptible laboratory population. There was a significant positive relationship between LC50 values and percentage of cotton within 2.5- and 5-km buffers surrounding collection sites. No significant relationship was detected between LC50 values and the percentage of alternative crop and noncrop hosts. CONCLUSION Variable and high levels of resistance were detected in A. gossypii populations, and this variation was positively associated with cotton production intensity. Cotton is a host that may receive multiple applications of neonicotinoids (via seed treatment and foliar sprays) annually for seedling and mid-season pests. Rotating modes of action and limiting insecticide use should be implemented to delay the evolution of insecticide resistance in A. gossypii populations. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- John W Mahas
- Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, USA
| | - Todd D Steury
- School of Forestry and Wildlife Sciences, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, USA
| | - Anders S Huseth
- Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - Alana L Jacobson
- Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, USA
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3
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Krob JL, Stewart SD, Brown SA, Kerns D, Graham SH, Perkins C, Huseth AS, Kennedy GG, Reisig DD, Taylor SV, Towles TB, Kerns DL, Thrash BC, Lorenz GM, Bateman NR, Cook DR, Crow WD, Gore J, Catchot AL, Musser FR, Catchot B. Standardized Field Trials in Cotton and Bioassays to Evaluate Resistance of Tobacco Thrips (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) to Insecticides in the Southern United States. JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY 2022; 115:1693-1702. [PMID: 36099406 PMCID: PMC9554785 DOI: 10.1093/jee/toac136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Foliar-applied insecticide treatments may be necessary to manage thrips in cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) under severe infestations or when at-planting insecticide seed treatments do not provide satisfactory protection. The most common foliar-applied insecticide is acephate. Field observations in Tennessee suggest that the performance of acephate has declined. Thus, the first objective was to perform leaf-dip bioassays to assess if tobacco thrips, Frankliniella fusca (Hinds) (Thysanoptera: Thripidae), in cotton production regions have evolved resistance to foliar-applied insecticides. A second objective was to assess the performance of commonly applied foliar insecticides for managing thrips in standardized field trials in Arkansas, Tennessee, Mississippi, and Texas. For both objectives, several insecticides were evaluated including acephate, dicrotophos, dimethoate, lambda-cyhalothrin, imidacloprid, and spinetoram. Field trials and bioassays were completed from 2018 to 2021. Dose-response bioassays with acephate were performed on tobacco thrips field populations and a susceptible laboratory population. Bioassay results suggest that tobacco thrips have developed resistance to acephate and other organophosphate insecticides; however, this resistance seems to be most severe in Arkansas, Tennessee, and the Delta region of Mississippi. Resistance to other classes of insecticides were perhaps even more evident in these bioassays. The performance of these insecticides in field trials was variable, with tobacco thrips only showing consistent signs of resistance to lambda-cyhalothrin. However, it is evident that many populations of tobacco thrips are resistant to multiple classes of insecticides. Further research is needed to determine heritability and resistance mechanism(s).
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Scott D Stewart
- Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, The University of Tennessee, 605 Airways Boulevard, Jackson, TN 38301, USA
| | - Sebe A Brown
- Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, The University of Tennessee, 605 Airways Boulevard, Jackson, TN 38301, USA
| | - Dawson Kerns
- Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, USA
| | - Scott H Graham
- Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA
| | - Clay Perkins
- Research and Development Crop Protection Specialist at Helena Agri-Enterprises, LLC, Memphis, TN 38120, USA
| | - Anders S Huseth
- Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA
| | - George G Kennedy
- Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA
| | - Dominic D Reisig
- Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, North Carolina State University, Vernon G. James Research and Extension Center, Plymouth, NC 27962, USA
| | - Sally V Taylor
- Department of Entomology, Virginia Tech Tidewater Agricultural Research and Extension Center, Suffolk, VA 23437, USA
| | - Tyler B Towles
- Macon Ridge Research Station, Louisiana State University, 212A Macon Ridge Road, Winnsboro, LA 71295, USA
| | - David L Kerns
- Department of Entomology, Texas A&M University, 2475 TAMU, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Benjamin C Thrash
- Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, University of Arkansas, 2001 Highway 70 E., Lonoke, AR 72086, USA
| | - Gus M Lorenz
- Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, University of Arkansas, 2001 Highway 70 E., Lonoke, AR 72086, USA
| | - Nick R Bateman
- Department of Entomology, The University of Arkansas, Rice Research and Extension Center, Stuttgart, AR 72160, USA
| | - Don R Cook
- Delta REC, Mississippi State University, P.O. Box 197, Stoneville, MS 38776, USA
| | - Whitney D Crow
- Delta REC, Mississippi State University, P.O. Box 197, Stoneville, MS 38776, USA
| | - Jeffrey Gore
- Delta REC, Mississippi State University, P.O. Box 197, Stoneville, MS 38776, USA
| | - Angus L Catchot
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, Entomology, and Plant Pathology, Mississippi State University, P.O. Box 9775, Mississippi State, MS 39762, USA
| | - Fred R Musser
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, Entomology, and Plant Pathology, Mississippi State University, P.O. Box 9775, Mississippi State, MS 39762, USA
| | - Beverly Catchot
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, Entomology, and Plant Pathology, Mississippi State University, P.O. Box 9775, Mississippi State, MS 39762, USA
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Rowen EK, Pearsons KA, Smith RG, Wickings K, Tooker JF. Early-season plant cover supports more effective pest control than insecticide applications. ECOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS : A PUBLICATION OF THE ECOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA 2022; 32:e2598. [PMID: 35343024 DOI: 10.1002/eap.2598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Revised: 11/23/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Growing evidence suggests that conservation agricultural practices, like no-till and cover crops, help protect annual crops from insect pests by supporting populations of resident arthropod predators. While adoption of conservation practices is growing, most field crop producers are also using more insecticides, including neonicotinoid seed coatings, as insurance against early-season insect pests. This tactic may disrupt benefits associated with conservation practices by reducing arthropods that contribute to biological control. We investigated the interaction between preventive pest management (PPM) and the conservation practice of cover cropping. We also investigated an alternative pest management approach, integrated pest management (IPM), which responds to insect pest risk, rather than using insecticides prophylactically. In a 3-year corn (Zea mays mays L.)-soy (Glycine max L.) rotation, we measured the response of invertebrate pests and predators to PPM and IPM with and without a cover crop. Using any insecticide provided some small reduction to plant damage in soy, but no yield benefit. In corn, vegetative cover early in the season was key to reducing pest density and damage, likely by increasing the abundance of arthropod predators. Further, PPM in year 1 decreased predation compared to a no-pest-management control. Contrary to our expectation, the IPM strategy, which required just one insecticide application, was more disruptive to the predator community than PPM, likely because the applied pyrethroid was more acutely toxic to a wider range of arthropods than neonicotinoids. Promoting early-season cover was more effective at reducing pest density and damage than either intervention-based strategy. Our results suggest that the best pest management outcomes may occur when biological control is encouraged by planting cover crops and avoiding broad-spectrum insecticides as much as possible. As part of a conservation-based approach to farming, cover crops can promote natural-enemy populations that can help provide biological effective control of insect pest populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth K Rowen
- Department of Entomology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Kirsten A Pearsons
- Department of Entomology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Richard G Smith
- Department of Natural Resources and the Environment, University of New Hampshire, Durham, New Hampshire, USA
| | - Kyle Wickings
- Department of Entomology, Cornell University, Cornell AgriTech, Geneva, New York, USA
| | - John F Tooker
- Department of Entomology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA
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Yuanyuan Z, Zhixing R, Hao Y, Yu L. A novel multi-criteria framework for optimizing ecotoxicological effects and human health risks of neonicotinoid insecticides: Characterization, assessment and regulation strategies. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 432:128712. [PMID: 35316637 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.128712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2022] [Revised: 03/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The rapid increase of neonicotinoid insecticides (NNIs) leads to the resistance to target organisms and risks to non-target organisms in the ecosystem. Thus, we designed a multi-criteria framework for resistance to target organisms, exposure risks to non-target organisms under spraying and soil or seed treatment scenarios, and ruled out the NNIs on the priority control lists. The resistance and cross-resistance, as well as the toxicity (i.e., acute, chronic, and combined toxicities) were characterized and evaluated. Results showed that the cross-resistance between two NNIs (i.e., CLO and FLU) was 1.8 times higher than their single resistance. A medium to extra-high toxicity level of NNIs was found in non-target organisms. Regulation strategies for NNIs resistance and toxicity were also proposed. The best synergist blocking and control scheme for resistance and toxicity was screened out when three main synergists (i.e., TPP: DEM: PBO) with the ratio of 1:1:1. Four NNIs (i.e., NPM, IMI, ACE, TMX) used in grain crops and six NNIs (i.e., NPM, IMI, ACE, TMX, CLO, THI) used in vegetable crops were determined as the ruled-out pesticides on the priority control lists. This study highlights the adverse effects of NNIs on the ecosystem and human health which should not be overlooked.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhao Yuanyuan
- MOE Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Systems Optimization, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China.
| | - Ren Zhixing
- College of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China.
| | - Yang Hao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Systems Optimization, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China.
| | - Li Yu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Systems Optimization, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China.
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Kortbeek RWJ, Galland MD, Muras A, van der Kloet FM, André B, Heilijgers M, van Hijum SAFT, Haring MA, Schuurink RC, Bleeker PM. Natural variation in wild tomato trichomes; selecting metabolites that contribute to insect resistance using a random forest approach. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2021; 21:315. [PMID: 34215189 PMCID: PMC8252294 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-021-03070-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2021] [Accepted: 05/20/2021] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Plant-produced specialised metabolites are a powerful part of a plant's first line of defence against herbivorous insects, bacteria and fungi. Wild ancestors of present-day cultivated tomato produce a plethora of acylsugars in their type-I/IV trichomes and volatiles in their type-VI trichomes that have a potential role in plant resistance against insects. However, metabolic profiles are often complex mixtures making identification of the functionally interesting metabolites challenging. Here, we aimed to identify specialised metabolites from a wide range of wild tomato genotypes that could explain resistance to vector insects whitefly (Bemisia tabaci) and Western flower thrips (Frankliniella occidentalis). We evaluated plant resistance, determined trichome density and obtained metabolite profiles of the glandular trichomes by LC-MS (acylsugars) and GC-MS (volatiles). Using a customised Random Forest learning algorithm, we determined the contribution of specific specialised metabolites to the resistance phenotypes observed. RESULTS The selected wild tomato accessions showed different levels of resistance to both whiteflies and thrips. Accessions resistant to one insect can be susceptible to another. Glandular trichome density is not necessarily a good predictor for plant resistance although the density of type-I/IV trichomes, related to the production of acylsugars, appears to correlate with whitefly resistance. For type VI-trichomes, however, it seems resistance is determined by the specific content of the glands. There is a strong qualitative and quantitative variation in the metabolite profiles between different accessions, even when they are from the same species. Out of 76 acylsugars found, the random forest algorithm linked two acylsugars (S3:15 and S3:21) to whitefly resistance, but none to thrips resistance. Out of 86 volatiles detected, the sesquiterpene α-humulene was linked to whitefly susceptible accessions instead. The algorithm did not link any specific metabolite to resistance against thrips, but monoterpenes α-phellandrene, α-terpinene and β-phellandrene/D-limonene were significantly associated with susceptible tomato accessions. CONCLUSIONS Whiteflies and thrips are distinctly targeted by certain specialised metabolites found in wild tomatoes. The machine learning approach presented helped to identify features with efficacy toward the insect species studied. These acylsugar metabolites can be targets for breeding efforts towards the selection of insect-resistant cultivars.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruy W J Kortbeek
- Green Life Science Research Cluster, Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, University of Amsterdam, 1098 XH, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Marc D Galland
- Green Life Science Research Cluster, Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, University of Amsterdam, 1098 XH, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Aleksandra Muras
- Green Life Science Research Cluster, Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, University of Amsterdam, 1098 XH, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Frans M van der Kloet
- Data Analysis Group, Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, University of Amsterdam, 1098 XH, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Bart André
- Enza Zaden Research & Development B.V, Haling 1E, 1602 DB, Enkhuizen, The Netherlands
| | - Maurice Heilijgers
- Green Life Science Research Cluster, Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, University of Amsterdam, 1098 XH, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Sacha A F T van Hijum
- Radboud University Medical Center, Bacterial Genomics Group, Geert Grooteplein Zuid 26-28, 6525 GA, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Michel A Haring
- Green Life Science Research Cluster, Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, University of Amsterdam, 1098 XH, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Robert C Schuurink
- Green Life Science Research Cluster, Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, University of Amsterdam, 1098 XH, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Petra M Bleeker
- Green Life Science Research Cluster, Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, University of Amsterdam, 1098 XH, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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Overton K, Hoffmann AA, Reynolds OL, Umina PA. Toxicity of Insecticides and Miticides to Natural Enemies in Australian Grains: A Review. INSECTS 2021; 12:insects12020187. [PMID: 33671702 PMCID: PMC7927080 DOI: 10.3390/insects12020187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2021] [Revised: 02/16/2021] [Accepted: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Continued prophylactic chemical control to reduce pest populations in Australian grain farming systems has limited the effectiveness of biological control via natural enemies in crops within an integrated pest management (IPM) framework. While a variety of data is available to infer potential non-target effects of chemicals on arthropod natural enemies, much of it may be irrelevant or difficult to access. Here, we synthesise the literature relevant to Australian grain crops and highlight current knowledge gaps for potential future investment. A range of testing methodologies have been utilised, often deviating from standardised International Organization for Biological Control (IOBC) protocols. Consistent with findings from over 30 years ago, research has continued to occur predominantly at laboratory scales and on natural enemy families that are easily reared or commercially available. There is a paucity of data for many generalist predators, in particular for spiders, hoverflies, and rove and carabid beetles. Furthermore, very few studies have tested the effects of seed treatments on natural enemies, presenting a significant gap given the widespread global use of neonicotinoid seed treatments. There is a need to validate results obtained under laboratory conditions at industry-relevant scales and also prioritise testing on several key natural enemy species we have identified, which should assist with the adoption of IPM practices and decrease the reliance on broad-spectrum chemicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathy Overton
- Cesar Australia, 293 Royal Parade, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia; (O.L.R.); (P.A.U.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Ary A. Hoffmann
- Pest and Environmental Adaptation Research Group, School of BioSciences, Bio21 Institute, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia;
| | - Olivia L. Reynolds
- Cesar Australia, 293 Royal Parade, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia; (O.L.R.); (P.A.U.)
| | - Paul A. Umina
- Cesar Australia, 293 Royal Parade, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia; (O.L.R.); (P.A.U.)
- Pest and Environmental Adaptation Research Group, School of BioSciences, Bio21 Institute, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia;
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8
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Characterization of fungal flora associated with sternorrhyncha insects of cotton plants. Biologia (Bratisl) 2021. [DOI: 10.2478/s11756-020-00549-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Chappell TM, Ward RV, DePolt KT, Roberts PM, Greene JK, Kennedy GG. Cotton thrips infestation predictor: a practical tool for predicting tobacco thrips (Frankliniella fusca) infestation of cotton seedlings in the south-eastern United States. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2020; 76:4018-4028. [PMID: 32520443 DOI: 10.1002/ps.5954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2020] [Revised: 05/29/2020] [Accepted: 06/10/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Thrips (order Thysanoptera) infestations of cotton seedlings result in plant injury, increasing the detrimental consequences of other challenges to production agriculture, such as abiotic stress or infestation by other pests. Using Frankliniella fusca as a thrips species of focus, we empirically developed a composite model of thrips phenology and cotton seedling susceptibility to predict site-specific infestation risk so that monitoring and other resources can be allocated efficiently, to optimize the timing of thrips control measures to maximize effectiveness, and to inform stakeholders about the dynamics of thrips infestation and cotton seedling injury at a time when thrips are evolving resistance to commonly-used pesticides. RESULTS A mixture distribution model of thrips infestation potential, fit to data describing F. fusca adult dispersal in time, proved best for predicting infestations of F. fusca on cotton seedlings. Thrips generations occurring each year as a function of weather are represented as a probability distribution. A model of cotton seedling growth was also developed to predict susceptibility as a function of weather. Combining these two models resulted in a model of seedling injury, which was validated and developed for implementation as a software tool. CONCLUSIONS Experimental validation of the implemented model demonstrated the utility of its output in predicting infestation risk. Successful implementation and use of the software tool derived from this model was enabled by close cooperation with university extension personnel, agricultural consultants, and growers, underscoring the importance of stakeholder and expert input to the success of applied analytical research. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas M Chappell
- Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Rebecca V Ward
- State Climate Office of North Carolina, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - Kelley T DePolt
- State Climate Office of North Carolina, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | | | - Jeremy K Greene
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Clemson University, Blackville, SC, USA
| | - George G Kennedy
- Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
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10
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Dorman SJ, Gross AD, Musser FR, Catchot BD, Smith RH, Reisig DD, Reay-Jones FP, Greene JK, Roberts PM, Taylor SV. Resistance monitoring to four insecticides and mechanisms of resistance in Lygus lineolaris Palisot de Beauvois (Hemiptera: Miridae) populations of southeastern USA cotton. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2020; 76:3935-3944. [PMID: 32506787 DOI: 10.1002/ps.5940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2020] [Revised: 05/28/2020] [Accepted: 06/07/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Economically damaging infestations of the tarnished plant bug, Lygus lineolaris (Palisot de Beauvois), have become more frequent in Virginia and North Carolina cotton since 2013 and 2010, respectively. Foliar insecticide use has increased dramatically in response. Efficacy data (LC50 ) are needed to evaluate L. lineolaris susceptibility and resistance levels (RR50 ) to commonly used and recommended insecticides for managing this pest in the southeastern USA. RESULTS Elevated resistance levels to acephate and bifenthrin were measured in L. lineolaris populations collected from wild and cultivated hosts in Virginia, North Carolina and northern Alabama when compared to a susceptible laboratory population. High levels of bifenthrin resistance were observed in 2018 and 2019. Mixed-function oxidase and esterase (EST) inhibitors, piperonyl butoxide and S,S,S-Tributyl phosphotrithioate, respectively, had a synergistic effect on bifenthrin with resistant populations of L. lineolaris. Bifenthrin-resistant L. lineolaris populations expressed elevated levels of cytochrome P450 (CYP450 ) monooxygenase and general EST activity. Results suggest that insecticide resistance is present in some locations and that CYP450 and EST activity in L. lineolaris contribute to pyrethroid resistance in the southeastern USA. CONCLUSIONS Results can serve as a baseline for continued monitoring of L. lineolaris insecticide resistance and inform insecticide resistance management strategies that help southeastern USA cotton producers to minimize inputs and slow resistance development. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seth J Dorman
- Department of Entomology, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Tidewater Agricultural Research and Extension Center, Suffolk, VA, USA
| | - Aaron D Gross
- Department of Entomology, Molecular Physiology and Toxicology Laboratory, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, USA
| | - Fred R Musser
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, Entomology, and Plant Pathology, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS, USA
| | - Beverly D Catchot
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, Entomology, and Plant Pathology, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS, USA
| | - Ronald H Smith
- Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, USA
| | - Dominic D Reisig
- Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, North Carolina State University, Vernon James Research and Extension Center, Plymouth, NC, USA
| | - Francis Pf Reay-Jones
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Clemson University, Pee Dee Research and Education Center, Florence, SC, USA
| | - Jeremy K Greene
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Clemson University, Edisto Research and Education Center, Blackville, SC, USA
| | | | - Sally V Taylor
- Department of Entomology, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Tidewater Agricultural Research and Extension Center, Suffolk, VA, USA
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11
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Huseth AS, D’Ambrosio DA, Kennedy GG. Understanding the potential impact of continued seed treatment use for resistance management in Cry51Aa2.834_16 Bt cotton against Frankliniella fusca. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0239910. [PMID: 33002075 PMCID: PMC7529216 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0239910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Accepted: 09/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Transgenic cotton expressing Cry51Aa2.834_16 Bt toxin (hereafter referred to as MON 88702) has the potential to be an important tool for pest management due to its unique activity against tobacco thrips, Frankliniella fusca. Unlike other Bt toxins targeting lepidopteran cotton pests, MON 88702 does not cause direct mortality but has an antixenotic effect that suppresses F. fusca oviposition. Previous work has shown neonicotinoid seed treated (NST) crops have similar behavioral effects on thrips. This study used non-choice and common garden experiments to examine how the presence of MON 88702 cotton and soybean (another F. fusca host) with and without NSTs might alter F. fusca infestation distributions. In a no-choice environment, significant larval establishment differences were observed, with untreated soybean plants becoming most heavily infested. In choice experiments, plants expressing MON 88702 or were neonicotinoid treated had significantly lower larval establishment. Larval density decreased as dispersal distance increased, suggesting reproductive decisions were negatively related to distance from the release point. Understanding how F. fusca responds to MON 88702 in an environment where adults can choose among multiple host plants will provide valuable context for projections regarding design of MON 88702 resistance refuges. Reduced larval establishment on NST cotton and soybean suggests that area-wide use of NSTs could reduce the number of susceptible F. fusca generated in unstructured crop refuges for MON 88702. These results also suggest that although the presence of NST MON 88702 could suppress reproduction and resistance selection, over time this benefit could erode resulting in increased larval establishment on NST cotton and soybean due to increased frequency of neonicotinoid resistant F. fusca populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anders S. Huseth
- Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Damon A. D’Ambrosio
- Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - George G. Kennedy
- Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, United States of America
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Huseth AS, D Ambrosio DA, Yorke BT, Head GP, Kennedy GG. Novel mechanism of thrips suppression by Cry51Aa2.834_16 Bt toxin expressed in cotton. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2020; 76:1492-1499. [PMID: 31659844 DOI: 10.1002/ps.5664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2019] [Revised: 10/22/2019] [Accepted: 10/23/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Genetically engineered (GE) crops that express insecticidal traits have improved the sustainability of insect pest management worldwide, but many important pest orders are not controlled by commercially available toxins. Development of the first transgenic thysanopteran- and hemipteran-active Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) Cry51Aa2.834_16 toxin expressed in MON 88702 cotton will significantly expand the diversity of pests controlled in the crop. Here, we examined MON 88702 cotton activity against two thrips species within the same genera, Frankliniella fusca and Frankliniella occidentalis. We used a multi-component cotton tissue assay approach to understand effects on adult longevity, fecundity, and larval development. RESULTS We found that in no-choice assays, cotton plants expressing MON 88702 suppress oviposition, when compared to a non-Bt cotton. MON 88702 did not kill a large proportion of F. fusca larvae or adults but killed most F. occidentalis larvae. Time series experiments with F. occidentalis larvae documented significant developmental lags for MON 88702 exposed individuals. We also found that female thrips preferred to oviposit on non-Bt cotton when provided a choice. CONCLUSION Together these results describe the activity of MON 88702 against thrips. They document clear differences in toxin performance between different thrips species and throughout the insects' life cycle. Most importantly, we show that MON 88702 was associated with reduced oviposition via behavioral avoidance to the toxin. This is a novel mechanism of action for pest control for a Bt crop plant. Together, these results provide a basis to describe the mechanism of population control for MON 88702 cotton. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anders S Huseth
- Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - Damon A D Ambrosio
- Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | | | | | - George G Kennedy
- Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
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Jones AG, Hoover K, Pearsons K, Tooker JF, Felton GW. Potential Impacts of Translocation of Neonicotinoid Insecticides to Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum (Malvales: Malvaceae)) Extrafloral Nectar on Parasitoids. ENVIRONMENTAL ENTOMOLOGY 2020; 49:159-168. [PMID: 31880775 DOI: 10.1093/ee/nvz157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Neonicotinoid seed treatments are frequently used in cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L. [Malvales: Malvaceae]) production to provide protection against early-season herbivory. However, there is little known about how these applications affect extrafloral nectar (EFN), an important food resource for arthropod natural enemies. Using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays, we found that neonicotinoids were translocated to the EFN of clothianidin- and imidacloprid-treated, greenhouse-grown cotton plants at concentrations of 77.3 ± 17.3 and 122.6 ± 11.5 ppb, respectively. We did not find differences in the quantity of EFN produced by neonicotinoid-treated cotton plants compared to untreated controls, either constitutively or after mechanical damage. Metabolomic analysis of sugars and amino acids from treated and untreated plants did not detect differences in overall composition of EFN. In bioassays, female Cotesia marginiventris (Cresson) (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) parasitoid wasps that fed on EFN from untreated, clothianidin-treated, or imidacloprid-treated plants demonstrated no difference in mortality or parasitization success. We also conducted acute toxicity assays for C. marginiventris fed on honey spiked with clothianidin and imidacloprid and established LC50 values for male and female wasps. Although LC50 values were substantially higher than neonicotinoid concentrations detected in EFN, caution should be used when translating these results to the field where other stressors could alter the effects of neonicotinoids. Moreover, there are a wide range of possible sublethal impacts of neonicotinoids, none of which were explored here. Our results suggest that EFN is a potential route of exposure of neonicotinoids to beneficial insects and that further field-based studies are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asher G Jones
- Department of Entomology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA
| | - Kelli Hoover
- Department of Entomology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA
| | - Kirsten Pearsons
- Department of Entomology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA
| | - John F Tooker
- Department of Entomology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA
| | - Gary W Felton
- Department of Entomology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA
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Douglas MR, Sponsler DB, Lonsdorf EV, Grozinger CM. County-level analysis reveals a rapidly shifting landscape of insecticide hazard to honey bees (Apis mellifera) on US farmland. Sci Rep 2020; 10:797. [PMID: 31964921 PMCID: PMC6972851 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-57225-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2019] [Accepted: 12/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Each year, millions of kilograms of insecticides are applied to crops in the US. While insecticide use supports food, fuel, and fiber production, it can also threaten non-target organisms, a concern underscored by mounting evidence of widespread decline of pollinator populations. Here, we integrate several public datasets to generate county-level annual estimates of total 'bee toxic load' (honey bee lethal doses) for insecticides applied in the US between 1997-2012, calculated separately for oral and contact toxicity. To explore the underlying components of the observed changes, we divide bee toxic load into extent (area treated) and intensity (application rate x potency). We show that while contact-based bee toxic load remained relatively steady, oral-based bee toxic load increased roughly 9-fold, with reductions in application rate outweighed by disproportionate increases in potency (toxicity/kg) and extent. This pattern varied markedly by region, with the greatest increase seen in Heartland (121-fold increase), likely driven by use of neonicotinoid seed treatments in corn and soybean. In this "potency paradox", farmland in the central US has become more hazardous to bees despite lower volumes of insecticides applied, raising concerns about insect conservation and highlighting the importance of integrative approaches to pesticide use monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margaret R Douglas
- Department of Environmental Studies & Environmental Science, Dickinson College, Carlisle, PA, 17013, USA.
| | - Douglas B Sponsler
- Department of Entomology, Center for Pollinator Research, Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, 16802, PA, USA
| | - Eric V Lonsdorf
- Institute on the Environment, University of Minnesota, St Paul, MN, 55108, USA
| | - Christina M Grozinger
- Department of Entomology, Center for Pollinator Research, Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, 16802, PA, USA
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Deaver NR, Hesse C, Kuske CR, Porras-Alfaro A. Presence and distribution of insect-associated and entomopathogenic fungi in a temperate pine forest soil: An integrated approach. Fungal Biol 2019; 123:864-874. [PMID: 31733729 DOI: 10.1016/j.funbio.2019.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2019] [Revised: 09/11/2019] [Accepted: 09/14/2019] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
For decades entomopathogenic fungi have garnered interest as possible alternatives to chemical pesticides. However, their ecology outside of agroecosystems demands further study. We assessed the diversity and abundance of entomopathogenic and insect-associated fungi at a loblolly pine forest in North Carolina, USA using culture-dependent and next-generation sequencing libraries. Fungi were isolated using Galleriamellonella larvae, as well as from soil dilutions plated on a selective medium. Isolates were identified using Sanger sequencing of the ITS and LSU rRNA gene regions, and represented 36 OTUs including Metarhizium, Lecanicillium, and Paecilomyces. Additionally, we assessed the chitinolytic potential of isolates and found widespread, variable ability to degrade chitin within and between genera. Phylogenetic analyses resolved several isolates to genus, with some forming clades with other insect-associated taxa, as well as with fungi associated with plant tissues. Saprophytes were widely distributed in soil, while entomopathogens were less abundant and present primarily in the top two cm of the soil. The similarity between culture-dependent and next-generation sequencing results demonstrates that both methods can be used concurrently in this system to study the ecology of entomopathogenic fungi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noland R Deaver
- Biological Sciences Department, Western Illinois University, 1 University Circle, Macomb, 61455 IL, USA
| | - Cedar Hesse
- Bioscience Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, 87545 NM, USA; United States Department of Agriculture, 3420 NW Orchard Ave, Corvallis, 97330 OR, USA
| | - Cheryl R Kuske
- Bioscience Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, 87545 NM, USA
| | - Andrea Porras-Alfaro
- Biological Sciences Department, Western Illinois University, 1 University Circle, Macomb, 61455 IL, USA.
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Cheng X, Wang Y, Li W, Li Q, Luo P, Ye Q. Nonstereoselective foliar absorption and translocation of cycloxaprid, a novel chiral neonicotinoid, in Chinese cabbage. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2019; 252:1593-1598. [PMID: 31279977 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2019.06.122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2019] [Revised: 06/28/2019] [Accepted: 06/28/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Exploring traditional neonicotinoid pesticides substitutes has become one of the global scientific attentions because of their hazardous environmental impacts. Cycloxaprid (CYC) is considered to be a promising candidate alternative. But the environmental behaviors and fate of CYC in different planting system remain poorly understood. The accumulation of 14C-labeled CYC stereoisomers within different parts of Chinese cabbage (Brassica chinensis L.) was investigated, with a particular focus on the foliar absorption, translocation and stereoselectivity of CYC, during a laboratory trial. In general, the stereoisomers 14C-5R,8S-CYC and 14C-5S,8R-CYC, their metabolites, as well as the breakdown and reaction products can be transferred in both acropetal and basipetal directions. Most of the two stereoisomers absorbed by plants remained in the treated leaves, whereas a small amount was distributed to the roots. The amount of 14C in the stalks varied among the experimental time points. At 192 h after treatment (HAT), the detected radioactivity of both 14C-5R,8S-CYC and 14C-5S,8R-CYC in the leaves above the treated leaf (LATL) was higher than that in the leaves below the treated leaf (LBTL). However, the stereoisomers of CYC underwent nonstereoselective absorption and translocation in this trial. This information implies that racemic CYC and its metabolites should be a main research focus. Thus, the obtained results provide implications for a more accurate prediction about the risk assessment of CYC, which will be helpful for guiding its rational use as well as securing the ecological environment safety and human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Cheng
- Institute of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China.
| | - Yichen Wang
- Hangzhou Botanical Garden, Hangzhou 310013, PR China.
| | - Wei Li
- Institute of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China.
| | - Qinkan Li
- Institute of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China.
| | - Peiwen Luo
- Institute of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China.
| | - Qingfu Ye
- Institute of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China.
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Chappell TM, Huseth AS, Kennedy GG. Stability of neonicotinoid sensitivity in Frankliniella fusca populations found in agroecosystems of the southeastern USA. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2019; 75:1539-1545. [PMID: 30610765 DOI: 10.1002/ps.5319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2018] [Revised: 11/26/2018] [Accepted: 12/27/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Insecticide resistance arises at a given location in response to selection acting on novel genotypes or standing variation, or allelic migration. Fitness costs of resistance may slow resistance evolution or result in reversion to susceptibility, but consistent and geographically widespread use of insecticides may provide sufficient selection to offset the fitness costs of resistance. Understanding this relationship is important to the success of insecticide resistance management. We report the existence of fitness costs of neonicotinoid resistance in field-collected populations of the tobacco thrips (Frankliniella fusca), which increasingly challenge upland cotton production in the southeastern USA. RESULTS Populations (14 of 15 in 2015; 4 of 5 in 2016) investigated showed a loss of resistance to imidacloprid after multiple generations without exposure to the insecticide. Populations studied in 2016 were each split into two colonies, and one of each pair was repeatedly exposed to imidacloprid. In three of the four populations that lost resistance, imidacloprid-exposed colonies lost resistance significantly more slowly than did corresponding unexposed colonies. CONCLUSION For imidacloprid resistance to be broadly increasing in the landscapes of the southeastern USA despite fitness costs of resistance, selection for resistance must be sufficient to overcome the costs. Findings encourage investigation into why costs are overcome in this system, potentially including geographic extent of neonicotinoid use or prevalence of low-dose exposure. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas M Chappell
- Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Anders S Huseth
- Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - George G Kennedy
- Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
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Taillebois E, Cartereau A, Jones AK, Thany SH. Neonicotinoid insecticides mode of action on insect nicotinic acetylcholine receptors using binding studies. PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2018; 151:59-66. [PMID: 30704714 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2018.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2017] [Revised: 04/14/2018] [Accepted: 04/17/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) are the main target of neonicotinoid insecticides, which are widely used in crop protection against insect pests. Electrophysiological and molecular approaches have demonstrated the presence of several nAChR subtypes with different affinities for neonicotinoid insecticides. However, the precise mode of action of neonicotinoids on insect nAChRs remains to be elucidated. Radioligand binding studies with [3H]-α-bungarotoxin and [3H]-imidacloprid have proved instructive in understanding ligand binding interactions between insect nAChRs and neonicotinoid insecticides. The precise binding site interactions have been established using membranes from whole body and specific tissues. In this review, we discuss findings concerning the number of nAChR binding sites against neonicotinoid insecticides from radioligand binding studies on native tissues. We summarize the data available in the literature and compare the binding properties of the most commonly used neonicotinoid insecticides in several insect species. Finally, we demonstrate that neonicotinoid-nAChR binding sites are also linked to biological samples used and insect species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emiliane Taillebois
- Université François Rabelais de Tours, Laboratoire Nutrition, Croissance et Cancer, INSERM 1069, 37032 Tours, France
| | - Alison Cartereau
- Université d'Orléans, LBLGC USC INRA 1328, 1 rue de Chartres, 45067 Orléans, France
| | - Andrew K Jones
- Department of Biological and Medical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Oxford Brookes University, Oxford OX3 0BP, UK
| | - Steeve H Thany
- Université d'Orléans, LBLGC USC INRA 1328, 1 rue de Chartres, 45067 Orléans, France.
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D'Ambrosio DA, Huseth AS, Kennedy GG. Temporal efficacy of neonicotinoid seed treatments against Frankliniella fusca on cotton. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2018; 74:2110-2115. [PMID: 29536656 DOI: 10.1002/ps.4907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2018] [Revised: 02/26/2018] [Accepted: 03/06/2018] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Reports of neonicotinoid seed treatment (NST) failure against Frankliniella fusca in the mid-south and southeastern USA led to the discovery of widespread resistance in these insect populations. Previous studies of NSTs in other crops have shown the concentration of the insecticide to change over time, which could reduce its efficacy. To understand this temporal effect in cotton with F. fusca, our study examined how plant age alters the effects of NSTs (imidacloprid, imidacloprid + thiodicarb and thiamethoxam) by examining larval establishment at multiple seedling ages during the period of cotton seedling susceptibility to this insect. Additionally, we used F. fusca populations with differing neonicotinoid sensitivity levels to understand how resistance impacts this changing efficacy. RESULTS Greenhouse studies showed that larval numbers were significantly greater on older NST-grown cotton seedlings. The population with elevated neonicotinoid resistance had a more rapid increase in larval number on thiamethoxam-treated plants over time. CONCLUSION NSTs reduce the number of F. fusca larvae on younger seedlings, but this effect declines as seedlings age. The duration of efficacy is shorter against neonicotinoid-resistant populations. Neonicotinoid resistance in cotton-infesting F. fusca populations may be accelerated by this time-dependent decrease in efficacy, which likely encourages low-dose exposure to these insecticides. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damon A D'Ambrosio
- Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - Anders S Huseth
- Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - George G Kennedy
- Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
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