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Su S, Long P, Zhang Q, Wen M, Han Z, Zhou F, Ke J, Wan X, Ho CT, Zhang L. Chemical, sensory and biological variations of black tea under different drying temperatures. Food Chem 2024; 446:138827. [PMID: 38402772 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.138827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Revised: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
As the final processing step, drying temperature between 90 and 140 ℃ is usually applied to terminate enzymatic activities and improve sensory characteristics of black tea. Liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS) based non-targeted and targeted metabolomics analyses combined in vitro biological assays were adopted to investigate the chemical and biological variations after drying. Fifty-nine differentially expressed metabolites including several hydroxycinnamic acid derivatives and pyroglutamic acid-glucose Amadori rearrangement products (ARPs) were identified, the latter of which was correspondingly accumulated with increasing temperature. The levels of theaflavins (TFs), thearubigins (TRs), monosaccharides and free amino acids gradually decreased with increasing temperature. Furthermore, the bioassays of black tea showed that drying under 110 ℃ provided the highest antioxidant capacities, but the inhibitory effects on α-glucosidase and α-amylase were decreasing along with increasing drying temperature. These results are valuable for optimizing drying process to obtain superior sensory properties and preserve bioactivities of black tea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengxiao Su
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Piaopiao Long
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Qing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Mingchun Wen
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Zisheng Han
- Department of Food Science, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA
| | - Feng Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Jiaping Ke
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Xiaochun Wan
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Chi-Tang Ho
- Department of Food Science, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA
| | - Liang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China.
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2
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Li JJ, Wang XX, Li YM, Li N, Zhu HT, Eshbakova KA, Zhang YJ. Phenolic constituents with potent α-glucosidase inhibitory and cytotoxic activities from Rumex nepalensis var. remotiflorus. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2024; 223:114122. [PMID: 38710376 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2024.114122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Revised: 04/30/2024] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
Quantitative analysis of Rumex nepalensis var. remotiflorus revealed that its roots contain rich anthraquinones, which has emodin, chrysophanol, and physcion contents of up to 0.30, 0.67, and 0.98 mg/g, respectively. Further phytochemical study led to the isolation and purification of seven undescribed phenolic constituents, including one flavan derivative with a 13-membered ring, polygorumin A (1), two dianthrone glucosides, polygonumnolides F and G (2, 3), two diphenylmethanones, rumepalens A and B (4, 5), and a pair of epimeric oxanthrone C-glucosides, rumejaposides K and L (6a, 6b) from the roots of R. nepalensis var. remotiflorus. Furthermore, 1 undescribed natural product, 1-β-D-glucoside-6'-[(2E)-3-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-2-propenoate]-3-hydroxy-5-methylphenyl (19), and 21 known phenolic compounds were obtained from the aforementioned plant for the first time. Their structures were elucidated through extensive spectroscopic data analysis. Notably, compounds 1, 4-5, and 7-9 exhibited inhibitory activity on α-glucosidase with IC50 values ranging from 1.61 ± 0.17 to 32.41 ± 0.87 μM. In addition, the isolated dianthrone, chrysophanol bianthrone (14), showed obvious cytotoxicity against four human cancer cell lines (HL-60, SMMC-7721, A-549, and MDA-MB-231) with IC50 values ranging from 3.81 ± 0.17 to 35.15 ± 2.24 μM. In silico target prediction and molecular docking studies demonstrated that the mechanism of the anticancer activity of 14 may be related to the interaction with protein kinase CK2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Juan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, China; University of Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Xin-Xin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, China; Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Yuan-Meng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, China; Key Laboratory of State Forestry and Grassland Administration on Highly-Efficient Utilization of Forestry Biomass Resources in Southwest China, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, 650224, China
| | - Na Li
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, China
| | - Hong-Tao Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, China
| | - Komila Alibekovna Eshbakova
- S. Yu. Yunusov Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, 100170, Uzbekistan
| | - Ying-Jun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, China.
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Weldetsadik ET, Li N, Li J, Shang J, Zhu H, Zhang Y. Undescribed Cyclohexene and Benzofuran Alkenyl Derivatives from Choerospondias axillaris, a Potential Hypoglycemic Fruit. Foods 2024; 13:1495. [PMID: 38790795 PMCID: PMC11119685 DOI: 10.3390/foods13101495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2024] [Revised: 05/07/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
The fruit of Choerospondias axillaris (Anacardiaceae), known as south wild jujube in China, has been consumed widely in several regions of the world to produce fruit pastille and leathers, juice, jam, and candy. A comprehensive chemical study on the fresh fruits led to the isolation and identification of 18 compounds, including 7 new (1-7) and 11 known (8-18) comprised of 5 alkenyl (cyclohexenols and cyclohexenones) derivatives (1-5), 3 benzofuran derivatives (6-8), 6 flavonoids (9-14) and 4 lignans (15-18). Their structures were elucidated by extensive spectroscopic analysis. The known lignans 15-18 were isolated from the genus Choerospondias for the first time. Most of the isolates exhibited significant inhibitory activity on α-glucosidase with IC50 values from 2.26 ± 0.06 to 43.9 ± 0.96 μM. Molecular docking experiments strongly supported the potent α-glucosidase inhibitory activity. The results indicated that C. axillaris fruits could be an excellent source of functional foods that acquire potential hypoglycemic bioactive components.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ermias Tamiru Weldetsadik
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources of West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China; (E.T.W.); (N.L.); (J.L.); (J.S.); (H.Z.)
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Na Li
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources of West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China; (E.T.W.); (N.L.); (J.L.); (J.S.); (H.Z.)
| | - Jingjuan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources of West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China; (E.T.W.); (N.L.); (J.L.); (J.S.); (H.Z.)
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jiahuan Shang
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources of West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China; (E.T.W.); (N.L.); (J.L.); (J.S.); (H.Z.)
| | - Hongtao Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources of West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China; (E.T.W.); (N.L.); (J.L.); (J.S.); (H.Z.)
| | - Yingjun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources of West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China; (E.T.W.); (N.L.); (J.L.); (J.S.); (H.Z.)
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China
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Chen CH, Yang Y, Ke JP, Yang Z, Li JY, Zhang YX, Liu G, Liu Z, Yao G, Bao GH. Novel Flavonol Alkaloids in Green Tea: Synthesis, Detection, and Anti-Alzheimer's Disease Effect in a Transgenic Caenorhabditis elegans CL4176 Model. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024; 72:3695-3706. [PMID: 38324412 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c06608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
Novel N-ethy-2-pyrrolidinone-substituted flavonols, myricetin alkaloids A-C (1-3), quercetin alkaloids A-C (4a, 4b, and 5), and kaempferol alkaloids A and B (6 and 7), were prepared from thermal reaction products of myricetin, quercetin, kaempferol─l-theanine, respectively. We used HPLC-ESI-HRMS/MS to detect 1-7 in 14 cultivars of green tea and found that they were all present in "Shuchazao," "Longjing 43", "Fudingdabai", and "Zhongcha 108" green teas. The structures of 1-4 and 6 were determined by extensive 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopies. These flavonol alkaloids along with their skeletal flavonols were assessed for anti-Alzheimer's disease effect based on molecular docking, acetylcholinesterase inhibition, and the transgenic Caenorhabditis elegans CL4176 model. Compound 7 strongly binds to the protein amyloid β (Aβ1-42) through hydrogen bonds (BE: -9.5 kcal/mol, Ki: 114.3 nM). Compound 3 (100 μM) is the strongest one in significantly extending the mean lifespan (13.4 ± 0.5 d, 43.0% promotion), delaying the Aβ1-42-induced paralysis (PT50: 40.7 ± 1.9 h, 17.1% promotion), enhancing the locomotion (140.0% promotion at 48 h), and alleviating glutamic acid (Glu)-induced neurotoxicity (153.5% promotion at 48 h) of CL4176 worms (p < 0.0001).
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen-Hui Chen
- Natural Products Laboratory, International Joint Laboratory of Tea Chemistry and Healthy Effects, State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, School of Tea and Food Science & Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, Anhui, China
| | - Yi Yang
- Natural Products Laboratory, International Joint Laboratory of Tea Chemistry and Healthy Effects, State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, School of Tea and Food Science & Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, Anhui, China
| | - Jia-Ping Ke
- Natural Products Laboratory, International Joint Laboratory of Tea Chemistry and Healthy Effects, State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, School of Tea and Food Science & Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, Anhui, China
| | - Zi Yang
- Natural Products Laboratory, International Joint Laboratory of Tea Chemistry and Healthy Effects, State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, School of Tea and Food Science & Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, Anhui, China
| | - Jia-Yi Li
- Natural Products Laboratory, International Joint Laboratory of Tea Chemistry and Healthy Effects, State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, School of Tea and Food Science & Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, Anhui, China
| | - Yu-Xing Zhang
- Natural Products Laboratory, International Joint Laboratory of Tea Chemistry and Healthy Effects, State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, School of Tea and Food Science & Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, Anhui, China
| | - Guangjin Liu
- Natural Products Laboratory, International Joint Laboratory of Tea Chemistry and Healthy Effects, State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, School of Tea and Food Science & Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, Anhui, China
| | - Zhijun Liu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Resource Evaluation, School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Guangmin Yao
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Resource Evaluation, School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Guan-Hu Bao
- Natural Products Laboratory, International Joint Laboratory of Tea Chemistry and Healthy Effects, State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, School of Tea and Food Science & Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, Anhui, China
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5
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Cuc NT, Dung DT, Bang NA, Yen DTH, Huy Hoang N, Kiem PV, Tai BH. Glycoside constituents of Camellia amplexicaulis and their α-glucosidase inhibitory activity. Nat Prod Res 2024; 38:759-767. [PMID: 37005002 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2023.2196724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 04/04/2023]
Abstract
Four new glycosides, named amplexicosides A-D (1-4), and five known compounds: benzyl 2-[β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→6)-β-D-glucopyranosyloxy]-benzoate (5), benzyl 2-neohesperidosyloxy-6-hydroxybenzoate (6), chrysandroside A (7), chrysandroside B (8) and camelliquercetiside C (9) were isolated from the branches and leaves of Camellia amplexicaulis (Pit.) Cohen-Stuart. Their structures were elucidated using HR-ESI-MS and 1D- and 2D-NMR spectra and compared to reported NMR data. All of the isolated compounds were screened in an α-glucosidase assay. Compounds 4, 8, and 9 significantly inhibited α-glucosidase with respective IC50 values of 254.9 ± 4.2, 304.8 ± 11.9 and 228.1 ± 16.4 μM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nguyen Thi Cuc
- Institute of Marine Biochemistry, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST), Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Duong Thi Dung
- Institute of Marine Biochemistry, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST), Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Ngo Anh Bang
- Institute of Marine Biochemistry, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST), Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Duong Thi Hai Yen
- Institute of Marine Biochemistry, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST), Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Nguyen Huy Hoang
- Institute of Marine Biochemistry, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST), Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Phan Van Kiem
- Institute of Marine Biochemistry, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST), Hanoi, Vietnam
- Graduate University of Science and Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST), Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Bui Huu Tai
- Institute of Marine Biochemistry, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST), Hanoi, Vietnam
- Graduate University of Science and Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST), Hanoi, Vietnam
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Lam TP, Tran NVN, Pham LHD, Lai NVT, Dang BTN, Truong NLN, Nguyen-Vo SK, Hoang TL, Mai TT, Tran TD. Flavonoids as dual-target inhibitors against α-glucosidase and α-amylase: a systematic review of in vitro studies. NATURAL PRODUCTS AND BIOPROSPECTING 2024; 14:4. [PMID: 38185713 PMCID: PMC10772047 DOI: 10.1007/s13659-023-00424-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024]
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus remains a major global health issue, and great attention is directed at natural therapeutics. This systematic review aimed to assess the potential of flavonoids as antidiabetic agents by investigating their inhibitory effects on α-glucosidase and α-amylase, two key enzymes involved in starch digestion. Six scientific databases (PubMed, Virtual Health Library, EMBASE, SCOPUS, Web of Science, and WHO Global Index Medicus) were searched until August 21, 2022, for in vitro studies reporting IC50 values of purified flavonoids on α-amylase and α-glucosidase, along with corresponding data for acarbose as a positive control. A total of 339 eligible articles were analyzed, resulting in the retrieval of 1643 flavonoid structures. These structures were rigorously standardized and curated, yielding 974 unique compounds, among which 177 flavonoids exhibited inhibition of both α-glucosidase and α-amylase are presented. Quality assessment utilizing a modified CONSORT checklist and structure-activity relationship (SAR) analysis were performed, revealing crucial features for the simultaneous inhibition of flavonoids against both enzymes. Moreover, the review also addressed several limitations in the current research landscape and proposed potential solutions. The curated datasets are available online at https://github.com/MedChemUMP/FDIGA .
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Affiliation(s)
- Thua-Phong Lam
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, 700000, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Uppsala University, 75105, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Ngoc-Vi Nguyen Tran
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, 700000, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Uppsala University, 75105, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Long-Hung Dinh Pham
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, 700000, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, London, W12 0BZ, UK
| | - Nghia Vo-Trong Lai
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, 700000, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Bao-Tran Ngoc Dang
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, 700000, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Ngoc-Lam Nguyen Truong
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, 700000, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Song-Ky Nguyen-Vo
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, 700000, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Thuy-Linh Hoang
- California Northstate University College of Pharmacy, California, 95757, USA
| | - Tan Thanh Mai
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, 700000, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.
| | - Thanh-Dao Tran
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, 700000, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.
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Murray AP, Biscussi B, Cavallaro V, Donozo M, Rodriguez SA. Naturally Occurring Cholinesterase Inhibitors from Plants, Fungi, Algae, and Animals: A Review of the Most Effective Inhibitors Reported in 2012-2022. Curr Neuropharmacol 2024; 22:1621-1649. [PMID: 37357520 DOI: 10.2174/1570159x21666230623105929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Revised: 02/11/2023] [Accepted: 02/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Since the development of the "cholinergic hypothesis" as an important therapeutic approach in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease (AD), the scientific community has made a remarkable effort to discover new and effective molecules with the ability to inhibit the enzyme acetylcholinesterase (AChE). The natural function of this enzyme is to catalyze the hydrolysis of the neurotransmitter acetylcholine in the brain. Thus, its inhibition increases the levels of this neurochemical and improves the cholinergic functions in patients with AD alleviating the symptoms of this neurological disorder. In recent years, attention has also been focused on the role of another enzyme, butyrylcholinesterase (BChE), mainly in the advanced stages of AD, transforming this enzyme into another target of interest in the search for new anticholinesterase agents. Over the past decades, Nature has proven to be a rich source of bioactive compounds relevant to the discovery of new molecules with potential applications in AD therapy. Bioprospecting of new cholinesterase inhibitors among natural products has led to the discovery of an important number of new AChE and BChE inhibitors that became potential lead compounds for the development of anti-AD drugs. This review summarizes a total of 260 active compounds from 142 studies which correspond to the most relevant (IC50 ≤ 15 μM) research work published during 2012-2022 on plant-derived anticholinesterase compounds, as well as several potent inhibitors obtained from other sources like fungi, algae, and animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Paula Murray
- INQUISUR-CONICET, Departamento de Química, Universidad Nacional del Sur, Bahía Blanca, Argentina
| | - Brunella Biscussi
- INQUISUR-CONICET, Departamento de Química, Universidad Nacional del Sur, Bahía Blanca, Argentina
| | - Valeria Cavallaro
- INQUISUR-CONICET, Departamento de Química, Universidad Nacional del Sur, Bahía Blanca, Argentina
| | - Martina Donozo
- INQUISUR-CONICET, Departamento de Química, Universidad Nacional del Sur, Bahía Blanca, Argentina
| | - Silvana A Rodriguez
- INQUISUR-CONICET, Departamento de Química, Universidad Nacional del Sur, Bahía Blanca, Argentina
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Chen H, Zhang WJ, Kong JB, Liu Y, Zhi YL, Cao YG, Du K, Xue GM, Li M, Zhao ZZ, Sun YJ, Feng WS, Xie ZS. Structurally Diverse Phenolic Amides from the Fruits of Lycium barbarum with Potent α-Glucosidase, Dipeptidyl Peptidase-4 Inhibitory, and PPAR-γ Agonistic Activities. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023; 71:11080-11093. [PMID: 37462007 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c01669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/27/2023]
Abstract
A total of nine new phenolic amides (1-9), including four pairs of enantiomeric mixtures (3-5 and 8), along with ten known analogues (10-19) were identified from the fruits of Lycium barbarum using bioassay-guided chromatographic fractionation. Their structures were elucidated by comprehensive spectroscopic and spectrometric analyses, chiral HPLC analyses, and quantum NMR, and electronic circular dichroism calculations. Compounds 5-7 are the first example of feruloyl tyramine dimers fused through a cyclobutane ring. The activity results indicated that compounds 1, 11, and 13-17 exhibited remarkable inhibition against α-glucosidase with IC50 of 1.11-33.53 μM, 5-150 times stronger than acarbose (IC50 = 169.78 μM). Meanwhile, compounds 4a, 4b, 5a, 5b, 13, and 14 exerted moderate agonistic activities for peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR-γ), with EC50 values of 10.09-44.26 μM. Especially,compound 14 also presented inhibitory activity on dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPPIV), with an IC50 value of 47.13 μM. Furthermore, the banding manner of compounds 14 and 17 with the active site of α-glucosidase, DPPIV, and PPAR-γ was explored by employing molecular docking analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, P. R. China
- Co-Construction Collaborative Innovation Center for Chinese Medicine and Respiratory Diseases by Henan & Education Ministry of P. R. China, Zhengzhou 450046, P. R. China
| | - Wen-Jing Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, P. R. China
| | - Jiang-Bo Kong
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, P. R. China
| | - Yun Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, P. R. China
| | - Yan-Le Zhi
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, P. R. China
| | - Yan-Gang Cao
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, P. R. China
| | - Kun Du
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, P. R. China
| | - Gui-Min Xue
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, P. R. China
| | - Meng Li
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, P. R. China
| | - Zhen-Zhu Zhao
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, P. R. China
| | - Yan-Jun Sun
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, P. R. China
- Co-Construction Collaborative Innovation Center for Chinese Medicine and Respiratory Diseases by Henan & Education Ministry of P. R. China, Zhengzhou 450046, P. R. China
| | - Wei-Sheng Feng
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, P. R. China
- Co-Construction Collaborative Innovation Center for Chinese Medicine and Respiratory Diseases by Henan & Education Ministry of P. R. China, Zhengzhou 450046, P. R. China
| | - Zhi-Shen Xie
- Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, P. R. China
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9
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Chen CH, Yu JY, Yang Z, Ke JP, Qi Y, Yang Y, Gao B, Yao G, Bao GH. Novel methylated flavoalkaloids from Echa 1 green tea inhibit fat accumulation and enhance stress resistance in Caenorhabditis elegans. Food Chem 2023; 413:135643. [PMID: 36773353 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.135643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2022] [Revised: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
Abstract
Methylation is a common structural modification of catechins in tea, which can improve the bioavailability of catechins. Flavoalkaloids are catechin derivatives with a nitrogen containing five-membered ring at the C-6 or C-8 position. Here we isolated three new methylated flavoalkaloids from Echa 1 green tea (Camellia sinensis cv. Echa 1) and synthesized another four new methylated flavoalkaloids. The structures of the new ester-type methylated catechins (etmc)-pyrrolidinone A-G (1-7) were elucidated by various spectroscopic techniques, including nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), optical rotation, infrared, UV-vis, experimental and calculated circular dichroism (CD) spectra, and high-resolution mass. Among them, 6 and 7 showed the strongest α-glucosidase inhibitory activity and significantly lowered lipid content of Caenorhabditis elegans with 73.50 and 67.39% inhibition rate, respectively. Meanwhile, 6 and 7 also exhibited strong antioxidant activity in vitro and stress resistance to heat, oxidative stress, and UV irradiation in nematodes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen-Hui Chen
- Natural Products Laboratory, International Joint Laboratory of Tea Chemistry and Healthy Effects, State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China.
| | - Jing-Ya Yu
- Natural Products Laboratory, International Joint Laboratory of Tea Chemistry and Healthy Effects, State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China.
| | - Zi Yang
- Natural Products Laboratory, International Joint Laboratory of Tea Chemistry and Healthy Effects, State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China.
| | - Jia-Ping Ke
- Natural Products Laboratory, International Joint Laboratory of Tea Chemistry and Healthy Effects, State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China.
| | - Yan Qi
- Natural Products Laboratory, International Joint Laboratory of Tea Chemistry and Healthy Effects, State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China.
| | - Yi Yang
- Natural Products Laboratory, International Joint Laboratory of Tea Chemistry and Healthy Effects, State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China.
| | - Biao Gao
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Resource Evaluation, School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China.
| | - Guangmin Yao
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Resource Evaluation, School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China.
| | - Guan-Hu Bao
- Natural Products Laboratory, International Joint Laboratory of Tea Chemistry and Healthy Effects, State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China.
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10
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Chen M, Li N, Zhu HT, Zhang M, Duan ZH, Wang D, Yang CR, Zhang YJ. New Hydrolyzable Tannin with Potent Antioxidant and α-Glucosidase Inhibitory Activity from Black Tea Produced from Camellia taliensis. Foods 2023; 12:2512. [PMID: 37444250 DOI: 10.3390/foods12132512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Revised: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/25/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Camellia taliensis (W. W. Smith) Melchior, belonging to the genus Camellia sect. Thea., is mainly distributed from northern Myanmar to western and southwestern Yunnan province of China, and its leaves have been used to make various teas by the locals of its growing regions. The chemical constituents of C. taliensis are significantly related to those of cultivated tea plants, C. sinensis and C. sinensis var. assamica. The HPLC-ESI-MS analysis of black tea prepared from the leaves of C. taliensis showed a rich existence of polyphenols. Further comprehensive chemical study led to the separation and recognition of 32 compounds (1-32), including one new hydrolyzable tannin, 1-O-galloyl-4,6-tetrahydroxydibenzofurandicarboxyl-β-D-glucopyranose (1), and one new natural product (24). The known compounds referred to seven hydrolyzable tannins (2-8), 10 flavonols and glycosides (9-18), and 14 simple phenolics (19-32). Their structures were elucidated by comprehensive spectroscopic analyses. Among them, 20 compounds (2, 3, 6, 7, 8, 15, 17, 18, 20-22, 24-32) were isolated from black tea for the first time. Most isolates displayed obvious antioxidant activities on DPPH and ABTS+ assays, and the hydrolyzable tannins 1, 3-5, 7, and 8 exhibited stronger inhibitory activities on α-glycosidase than quercetin and acarbose (IC50 = 5.75 and 223.30 μM, respectively), with IC50 values ranging from 0.67 to 2.01 μM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Na Li
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China
| | - Hong-Tao Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China
| | - Man Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China
| | | | - Dong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China
| | - Chong-Ren Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China
| | - Ying-Jun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China
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11
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Qin Y, Xu H, Chen Y, Lei J, Sun J, Zhao Y, Lian W, Zhang M. Metabolomics-Based Analyses of Dynamic Changes in Flavonoid Profiles in the Black Mulberry Winemaking Process. Foods 2023; 12:foods12112221. [PMID: 37297465 DOI: 10.3390/foods12112221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Revised: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
To overcome the fruit's perishability, mulberry wine has been developed as a method of preservation. However, dynamic changes in metabolites during mulberry wine fermentation have not been reported yet. In the present investigation, UHPLC-QE-MS/MS coupled with multivariate statistical analyses was employed to scrutinize the metabolic profiles, particularly the flavonoid profiles, throughout the process of vinification. In general, the major differential metabolites encompassed organic heterocyclic compounds, amino acids, phenylpropanoids, aromatic compounds, and carbohydrates. The contents of total sugar and alcohol play a primary role that drove the composition of amino acids, polyphenol, aromatic compound, and organic acid metabolites based on the Mantel test. Importantly, among the flavonoids, abundant in mulberry fruit, luteolin, luteolin-7-O-glucoside, (-)-epiafzelechin, eriodictyol, kaempferol, and quercetin were identified as the differential metabolic markers during blackberry wine fermentation and ripening. Flavonoid, flavone and flavonol biosynthesis were also identified to be the major metabolic pathways of flavonoids in 96 metabolic pathways. These results will provide new information on the dynamic changes in flavonoid profiles during black mulberry winemaking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanan Qin
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Biological Resources and Genetic Engineering, College of Life Science & Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, China
| | - Haotian Xu
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Biological Resources and Genetic Engineering, College of Life Science & Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, China
| | - Ya Chen
- Turpan Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Turpan 838000, China
| | - Jing Lei
- Turpan Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Turpan 838000, China
| | - Jingshuai Sun
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Biological Resources and Genetic Engineering, College of Life Science & Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, China
| | - Yan Zhao
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Biological Resources and Genetic Engineering, College of Life Science & Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, China
| | - Weijia Lian
- Turpan Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Turpan 838000, China
| | - Minwei Zhang
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Biological Resources and Genetic Engineering, College of Life Science & Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, China
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12
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Ou-Yang T, Zhang Y, Luo HZ, Liu Y, Ma SC. Novel compounds discovery approach based on UPLC-QTOF-MS/MS chemical profile reveals birch bark extract anti-inflammatory, -oxidative, and -proliferative effects. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 306:116148. [PMID: 36634723 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.116148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Revised: 12/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Betula pendula subsp. Mandshurica (Regel) Ashburner & McAll. Cortex (birch bark) is a globally traditional medicine for treating multiple inflammatory diseases. Its records are included in the Compendium of Materia Medica and other ancient medical literatures. However, uncovering its chemical profile and exploring novel biologically active compounds from birch bark remains a significant challenge. AIM OF THE STUDY To uncover the anti-inflammatory, -oxidative, and -proliferative mechanisms and potentially effective compounds of birch bark extract by combing chemical profiling, isolation, identification, together with in vivo, in vitro, and silico evaluation. MATERIALS AND METHODS Ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled to quadrupole time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-QTOF-MS/MS) was used to obtain the chemical profile of birch bark extract. The new compounds were obtained via column chromatography and analyzed using X-ray diffraction and electronic circular dichroism for absolute configuration confirmation. The zebrafish caudal fin inflammation-induced model, qPCR, and Western blot analysis were used to explore the effects and underlying mechanisms of birch bark extract. In vitro cytotoxicity assays and kinases screening conducted to gain preliminary insight into the anti-proliferative effects of birch bark extract and its isolated compounds. In addition, in-silico molecular docking was performed to investigate the putative mechanism. RESULTS UPLC-QTOF-MS/MS chemical profiles revealed 105 compounds in birch bark extract, with 80 of these were first reported in B. pendula subsp. Mandshurica cortex. We selected five compounds speculated as novel and isolated three ones (one triterpenoid derivative and two lupine series triterpenoids) for further analysis. Birch bark extract exerted antioxidative and anti-inflammatory effects on zebrafish, as shown by the downregulated reactive oxygen species levels and COX-2α, IL-1β, and TNF-α expression, which occurred through NF-ĸB signaling pathway activation. The in vitro anti-proliferative effects of birch bark extract and compound 44 were also unveiled. Moreover, the putative anti-tumor mechanism of compound 44 was revealed using kinase screening and in-silico molecular docking. CONCLUSIONS This study provided a predictable chemical profile and demonstrated the pharmacological effects of birch bark extract, elucidated the mechanism of this traditional Chinese medicine and suggested it as a novel anti-cancer candidate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Ou-Yang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 102488, PR China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Jiangxi Qingfeng Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, 341000, PR China
| | - Heng-Zhen Luo
- Jiangxi Qingfeng Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, 341000, PR China
| | - Yue Liu
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 102488, PR China.
| | - Shuang-Cheng Ma
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 102488, PR China; Institute for Control of Chinese Traditional Medicine and Ethnic Medicine, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing, 100050, PR China.
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13
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Li H, Yang J, Wang M, Ma X, Peng X. Studies on the inhibition of α-glucosidase by biflavonoids and their interaction mechanisms. Food Chem 2023; 420:136113. [PMID: 37054519 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.136113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2023] [Revised: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 04/15/2023]
Abstract
Biflavonoids are a kind of polyphenol compounds with numerous biological functions. However, the potential inhibitory activities of biflavonoids on α-glucosidase are yet unknown. Here, the inhibitory effects of two biflavonoids (amentoflavone and hinokiflavone) on α-glucosidase and their interaction mechanisms were explored using multispectral approaches and molecular docking. The results showed that the inhibitory activities of biflavonoids were much better compared with monoflavonoid (apigenin) and acarbose, and the order of inhibition ability was hinokiflavone > amentoflavone > apigenin > acarbose. These flavonoids were noncompetitive inhibitors of α-glucosidase and showed synergistic inhibition effects with acarbose. Additionally, they could statically quench the intrinsic fluorescence of α-glucosidase, and form the non-covalent complexes with enzyme primarily through hydrogen bonds and van der Waals forces. The binding of flavonoids changed the conformational structure of α-glucosidase, therefore impairing the enzyme activity. The findings suggested that biflavonoids could be considered as potential hypoglycemic functional foods in diabetes therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Li
- School of Life Sciences, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, PR China
| | - Jichen Yang
- School of Life Sciences, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, PR China
| | - Mengfan Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, PR China.
| | - Xiangzhao Ma
- School of Life Sciences, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, PR China
| | - Xin Peng
- School of Life Sciences, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, PR China; Key Laboratory of Tropical Medicinal Resource Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Hainan Normal University, Haikou, Hainan 571158, PR China; State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, PR China.
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14
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Jiang Z, Zhou F, Huo H, Han Z, Qin C, Ho CT, Zhang L, Wan X. Formation Mechanism of Di- N-ethyl-2-pyrrolidinone-Substituted Epigallocatechin Gallate during High-Temperature Roasting of Tea. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023; 71:2975-2989. [PMID: 36734013 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c07071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Four di-N-ethyl-2-pyrrolidinone-substituted epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) and two di-N-ethyl-2-pyrrolidinone-substituted gallocatechin gallate (GCG) flavan-3-ols (di-EPSFs) were prepared by the thermal simulation reaction. The effects of reaction temperature and time, initial reactant ratios, and pH values on the content of di-EPSFs were studied. The formation of six di-EPSFs was most favored when the initial reactant ratio of EGCG and theanine was 1:2 and heated under 130 °C at pH 10 for 120 min. The contents of di-EPSF1, di-EPSF2, and di-EPSF5 in large-leaf yellow tea (LYT) increased with the increase of roasting degree. Through quantitative analysis, it was found that EGCG would interact with the Strecker degradation products of theanine to form EPSFs, which further combined with the Strecker degradation products of theanine to form di-EPSFs. This study further improved the understanding of the transformation pathways of EGCG and theanine during tea processing and contributed to exploring the flavor characteristics and health benefits of di-EPSFs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zongde Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, People's Republic of China
- International Joint Laboratory on Tea Chemistry and Health Effects of Ministry of Education, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, People's Republic of China
| | - Feng Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, People's Republic of China
- International Joint Laboratory on Tea Chemistry and Health Effects of Ministry of Education, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, People's Republic of China
| | - Huixia Huo
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, People's Republic of China
| | - Zisheng Han
- Department of Food Science, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08901, United States
| | - Chunyin Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, People's Republic of China
- International Joint Laboratory on Tea Chemistry and Health Effects of Ministry of Education, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, People's Republic of China
| | - Chi-Tang Ho
- International Joint Laboratory on Tea Chemistry and Health Effects of Ministry of Education, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, People's Republic of China
- Department of Food Science, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08901, United States
| | - Liang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, People's Republic of China
- International Joint Laboratory on Tea Chemistry and Health Effects of Ministry of Education, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaochun Wan
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, People's Republic of China
- International Joint Laboratory on Tea Chemistry and Health Effects of Ministry of Education, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, People's Republic of China
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15
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Li N, Chen M, Zhu HT, Zhang M, Wang D, Yang CR, Zhang YJ. Theaflavoids A-C, new flavan-3-ols with potent α-glucosidase inhibitory activity from Yunnan black tea 'Jin-Ya'. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2022.113918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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16
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Tuzimski T, Petruczynik A. Determination of Anti-Alzheimer's Disease Activity of Selected Plant Ingredients. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27103222. [PMID: 35630702 PMCID: PMC9147832 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27103222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 05/13/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases, among which one of the more common is Alzheimer’s disease, are the one of the biggest global public health challenges facing our generation because of the increasing elderly population in most countries. With the growing burden of these diseases, it is essential to discover and develop new treatment options capable of preventing and treating them. Neurodegenerative diseases, among which one of the most common is Alzheimer’s disease, are a multifactorial disease and therefore demand multiple therapeutic approaches. One of the most important therapeutic strategies is controlling the level of acetylcholine—a neurotransmitter in cholinergic synapses—by blocking the degradation of acetylcholine using acetylcholinesterase inhibitors such as tacrine, galantamine, donepezil and rivastigmine. However, these drugs can cause some adverse side effects, such as hepatotoxicity and gastrointestinal disorder. Thus, the search for new, more effective drugs is very important. In the last few years, different active constituents from plants have been tested as potential drugs in neurodegenerative disease therapy. The availability, lower price and less toxic effects of herbal medicines compared with synthetic agents make them a simple and excellent choice in the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases. The empirical approach to discovering new drugs from the systematic screening of plant extracts or plant-derived compounds is still an important strategy when it comes to finding new biologically active substances. The aim of this review is to identify new, safe and effective compounds that are potential candidates for further in vivo and clinical tests from which more effective drugs for the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease could be selected. We reviewed the methods used to determine anti-Alzheimer’s disease activity. Here, we have discussed the relevance of plant-derived compounds with in vitro activity. Various plants and phytochemical compounds have shown different activity that could be beneficial in the treatment of Alzheimer’s disorders. Most often, medicinal plants and their active components have been investigated as acetylcholinesterase and/or butyrylcholinesterase activity inhibitors, modifiers of β-amyloid processing and antioxidant agents. This study also aims to highlight species with assessed efficacy, usable plant parts and the most active plant components in order to identify species and compounds of interest for further study. Future research directions are suggested and recommendations made to expand the use of medicinal plants, their formulations and plant-derived active compounds to prevent, mitigate and treat Alzheimer’s disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomasz Tuzimski
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Medical University of Lublin, Chodźki 4a, 20-093 Lublin, Poland
- Correspondence: (T.T.); (A.P.)
| | - Anna Petruczynik
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Medical University of Lublin, Chodźki 4a, 20-093 Lublin, Poland
- Correspondence: (T.T.); (A.P.)
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17
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Li S, Zhang L, Wan X, Zhan J, Ho CT. Focusing on the recent progress of tea polyphenol chemistry and perspectives. FOOD SCIENCE AND HUMAN WELLNESS 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fshw.2021.12.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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18
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Jiang Z, Zhang H, Han Z, Zhai X, Qin C, Wen M, Lai G, Ho CT, Zhang L, Wan X. Study on In Vitro Preparation and Taste Properties of N-Ethyl-2-Pyrrolidinone-Substituted Flavan-3-Ols. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2022; 70:3832-3841. [PMID: 35289174 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c00798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
N-ethyl-2-pyrrolidinone-substituted flavan-3-ols (EPSFs) were prepared by an in vitro model reaction, and the taste thresholds of EPSFs and their dose-over-threshold factors in large-leaf yellow tea (LYT) were investigated. The effects of initial reactant ratios, reaction temperatures and time, pH values, and water addition on the yield of EPSFs were explored. The contents of EPSFs during roasting were determined by liquid chromatography quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (LC-Q-TOF-MS). When the initial ratio of (-)-epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) to theanine was 1:2 and roasted under 120 °C for 120 min, the contents of EPSFs were the highest. The bitterness and astringency thresholds of four EPSF isomers were measured by the half-tongue method, of which EPSF2 and EPSF3 had higher thresholds than EGCG. In LYT, four EPSFs had lower bitterness and astringency dose-over-threshold factors than EGCG. This study suggested that the reduction of bitterness and astringency of tea after roasting may be mainly due to the formation of EPSFs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zongde Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
- International Joint Laboratory on Tea Chemistry and Health Effects of Ministry of Education, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Hui Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
- International Joint Laboratory on Tea Chemistry and Health Effects of Ministry of Education, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Zisheng Han
- Department of Food Science, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08901-8554, United States
| | - Xiaoting Zhai
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
- International Joint Laboratory on Tea Chemistry and Health Effects of Ministry of Education, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Chunyin Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
- International Joint Laboratory on Tea Chemistry and Health Effects of Ministry of Education, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Mingchun Wen
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
- International Joint Laboratory on Tea Chemistry and Health Effects of Ministry of Education, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Guoping Lai
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
- International Joint Laboratory on Tea Chemistry and Health Effects of Ministry of Education, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Chi-Tang Ho
- International Joint Laboratory on Tea Chemistry and Health Effects of Ministry of Education, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
- Department of Food Science, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08901-8554, United States
| | - Liang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
- International Joint Laboratory on Tea Chemistry and Health Effects of Ministry of Education, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Xiaochun Wan
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
- International Joint Laboratory on Tea Chemistry and Health Effects of Ministry of Education, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
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19
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Luo Y, Jian Y, Liu Y, Jiang S, Muhammad D, Wang W. Flavanols from Nature: A Phytochemistry and Biological Activity Review. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27030719. [PMID: 35163984 PMCID: PMC8838462 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27030719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2021] [Revised: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Flavanols, a common class of secondary plant metabolites, exhibit several beneficial health properties by acting as antioxidant, anticarcinogen, cardioprotective, anti-microbial, anti-viral, and neuroprotective agents. Furthermore, some flavanols are considered functional ingredients in dairy products. Based on their structural features and health-promoting functions, flavanols have gained the attention of pharmacologists and botanists worldwide. This review collects and summarizes 121 flavanols comprising four categories: flavan-3-ols, flavan-4-ols, isoflavan-4-ols, and flavan-3,4-ols. The research of the various structural features and pharmacological activities of flavanols and their derivatives aims to lay the groundwork for subsequent research and expect to provide mentality and inspiration for the research. The current study provides a starting point for further research and development.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yuqing Jian
- Correspondence: (Y.J.); (W.W.); Tel.: +86-150-8486-8970 (Y.J.); +86-136-5743-8606 (W.W.)
| | | | | | | | - Wei Wang
- Correspondence: (Y.J.); (W.W.); Tel.: +86-150-8486-8970 (Y.J.); +86-136-5743-8606 (W.W.)
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20
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Hou ZW, Chen CH, Ke JP, Zhang YY, Qi Y, Liu SY, Yang Z, Ning JM, Bao GH. α-Glucosidase Inhibitory Activities and the Interaction Mechanism of Novel Spiro-Flavoalkaloids from YingDe Green Tea. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2022; 70:136-148. [PMID: 34964344 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.1c06106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Flavoalkaloids are a unique class of compounds in tea, most of which have an N-ethyl-2-pyrrolidinone moiety substituted at the A ring of a catechin skeleton. 1-Ethyl-5-hydroxy-pyrrolidone, a decomposed product of theanine, was supposed to be the key intermediate to form tea flavoalkaloids. However, we have also detected another possible theanine intermediate, 1-ethyl-5-oxopyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid, and speculated if there are related conjugated catechins. Herein, four novel spiro-flavoalkaloids with a spiro-γ-lactone structural moiety were isolated from Yingde green tea (Camellia sinensis var. assamica) in our continuing exploration of new chemical constituents from tea. The structures of the new compounds, spiro-flavoalkaloids A-D (1-4), were further elucidated by extensive nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy together with the calculated 13C NMR, IR, UV-vis, high-resolution mass, optical rotation, experimental, and calculated circular dichroism spectra. We also provided an alternative pathway to produce these novel spiro-flavoalkaloids. Additionally, their α-glucosidase inhibitory activities were determined with IC50 values of 3.34 (1), 5.47 (2), 22.50 (3), and 15.38 (4) μM. Docking results revealed that compounds 1 and 2 mainly interacted with residues ASP-215, ARG-442, ASP-352, GLU-411, HIS-280, ARG-315, and ASN-415 of α-glucosidase through hydrogen bonds. The fluorescence intensity of α-glucosidase could be quenched by compounds 1 and 2 in a static style.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Wei Hou
- Natural Products Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui Province 230036, China
| | - Chen-Hui Chen
- Natural Products Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui Province 230036, China
| | - Jia-Ping Ke
- Natural Products Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui Province 230036, China
| | - Yuan-Yuan Zhang
- Natural Products Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui Province 230036, China
| | - Yan Qi
- Natural Products Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui Province 230036, China
| | - Shi-Yu Liu
- Natural Products Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui Province 230036, China
| | - Zi Yang
- Natural Products Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui Province 230036, China
| | - Jing-Ming Ning
- Natural Products Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui Province 230036, China
| | - Guan-Hu Bao
- Natural Products Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui Province 230036, China
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21
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Peng J, Dai W, Lu M, Yan Y, Zhang Y, Chen D, Wu W, Gao J, Dong M, Lin Z. New insights into the influences of baking and storage on the nonvolatile compounds in oolong tea: A nontargeted and targeted metabolomics study. Food Chem 2021; 375:131872. [PMID: 34953237 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.131872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Revised: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
A nontargeted and targeted metabolomics method was applied to comprehensively investigate the influences of baking and storage on chemical constituents in fresh-, strong-, and aged-scent types of Foshou oolong teas. The contents of N-ethyl-2-pyrrolidone-substituted flavanols (EPSFs), flavone C-glycosides, gallic acid, and most lipids increased after baking and storage, while the contents of cis-flavanols, alkaloids, flavonol O-glycosides, and most amino acids decreased. Degradation, epimerization, and interaction with theanine were main pathways for the decrease in cis-flavanols. Approximately 20.7%, 12.8%, and 11.6% of epigallocatechin gallate were degraded, epimerized, and interacted with theanine after baking, respectively; 22.5% and 8.71% of epigallocatechin gallate were degraded and interacted with theanine after 10-year storage, respectively. Simulated reactions confirmed that the increases in EPSFs and apigenin C-glycosides were caused by interactions between theanine and flavanols and between apigenin aglycone and glucose, respectively. This study offers novel insights into chemical changes during baking and storage of oolong tea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiakun Peng
- Key Laboratory of Tea Biology and Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, Tea Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310008, China; Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Weidong Dai
- Key Laboratory of Tea Biology and Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, Tea Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310008, China.
| | - Meiling Lu
- Agilent Technologies (China) Limited, Beijing 100102, China
| | - Yongquan Yan
- Yongchun County Agricultural and Rural Bureau, Quanzhou, Fujian 362600, China
| | - Yue Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Tea Biology and Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, Tea Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310008, China
| | - Dan Chen
- Key Laboratory of Tea Biology and Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, Tea Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310008, China
| | - Wenliang Wu
- Key Laboratory of Tea Biology and Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, Tea Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310008, China
| | - Jianjian Gao
- Key Laboratory of Tea Biology and Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, Tea Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310008, China; Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Minghua Dong
- Yongchun County Agricultural and Rural Bureau, Quanzhou, Fujian 362600, China
| | - Zhi Lin
- Key Laboratory of Tea Biology and Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, Tea Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310008, China.
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22
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Shi J, Yang G, You Q, Sun S, Chen R, Lin Z, Simal-Gandara J, Lv H. Updates on the chemistry, processing characteristics, and utilization of tea flavonoids in last two decades (2001-2021). Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2021:1-28. [PMID: 34898343 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2021.2007353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Tea flavonoids are widely recognized as critical flavor contributors and crucial health-promoting bioactive compounds, and have long been the focus of research worldwide in food science. The aim of this review paper is to summarize the major progress in tea flavonoid chemistry, their dynamics of constituents and concentrations during tea processing as well as storage, and their health functions studied between 2001 and 2021. Moreover, the utilization of tea flavonoids in the human body has also been discussed for a detailed understanding of their uptake, metabolism, and interaction with the gut microbiota. Many novel tea flavonoids have been identified, including novel A- and B-ring substituted flavan-3-ol derivatives, condensed and oxidized flavan-3-ol derivatives, and glycosylated and methylated flavonoids, and are found to be closely associated with the characteristic color, flavor, and health benefits of tea. Flavoalkaloids exist widely in various teas, particularly 8-C N-ethyl-2-pyrrolidinone-substituted flavan-3-ols. Tea flavonoids behave significantly difference in constituents and concentrations depending on tea cultivars, plantation conditions, multiple stresses, the tea-specified manufacturing steps, and even the long-term storage period. Tea flavonoids exhibit multiple health-promoting effects, particularly their anti-inflammatory in alleviating metabolic syndromes. Interaction of tea flavonoids with the gut microbiota plays vital roles in their health function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiang Shi
- Key Laboratory of Tea Biology and Resource Utilization of Ministry of Agriculture, Tea Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Gaozhong Yang
- Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Qiushuang You
- Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Shili Sun
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Resources Innovation and Utilization, Tea Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ruohong Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Resources Innovation and Utilization, Tea Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhi Lin
- Key Laboratory of Tea Biology and Resource Utilization of Ministry of Agriculture, Tea Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jesus Simal-Gandara
- Department of Analytical Chemistry and Food Science, Faculty of Food Science, Universidade de Vigo, Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Ourense, Spain
| | - Haipeng Lv
- Key Laboratory of Tea Biology and Resource Utilization of Ministry of Agriculture, Tea Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
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23
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Liu SY, Zhang YY, Chu GX, Bao GH. N-ethyl-2-pyrrolidinone substitution enhances binding affinity between tea flavoalkaloids and human serum albumin: Greatly influenced by esterization. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2021; 262:120097. [PMID: 34182296 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2021.120097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2021] [Revised: 06/04/2021] [Accepted: 06/17/2021] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Formation of catechins-human serum albumin (HSA) complex contributes to stably transporting catechins and regulating their bioavailability. Recently, a new class of catechins namely flavoalkaloids have been reported from tea. The unique structural modification with an N-ethyl-2-pyrrolidinone ring at catechins from these flavoalkaloids has raised our interest in their HSA binding affinity. Thus, we investigated the interaction between HSA and flavoalkaloids by molecular docking, UV-Vis spectroscopy (UV), fluorescence quenching approaches, and surface plasmon resonance (SPR). Thermodynamic parameters suggest that electrostatic forces contribute greatly to the interaction. The binding ability is affected by different ester group (galloyl or cinnamoyl) at 3-OH, N-ethyl-2-pyrrolidinone substituted position (C-6 or C-8), C-2, C-3 and C-5''' configurations, and hydroxyl group numbers at B ring, among which the 3-O-cinnamoyl substitution and 5'''-R configuration present the strongest contributions. UV showed slight changes in the conformation and microenvironment of HSA during the binding process. The quenching and binding constants suggest that the quenching is a static type. The small KD values (1-20 μM) detected by SPR confirmed the strong binding affinities between HSA and flavoalkaloids. Present study will help us to understand the interaction mechanism between flavoalkaloids and HSA, shedding light on structural modification of common catechins to enhance the stability, bioavailability and bioactivities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi-Yu Liu
- Natural Products Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yuan-Yuan Zhang
- Natural Products Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, People's Republic of China.
| | - Gang-Xiu Chu
- Natural Products Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, People's Republic of China.
| | - Guan-Hu Bao
- Natural Products Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, People's Republic of China.
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24
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Jiang Z, Han Z, Qin C, Lai G, Wen M, Ho CT, Zhang L, Wan X. Model Studies on the Reaction Products Formed at Roasting Temperatures from either Catechin or Tea Powder in the Presence of Glucose. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2021; 69:11417-11426. [PMID: 34519500 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.1c03771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
During tea processing, roasting significantly affects the transformation pathway of catechins. When (-)-epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) and glucose were roasted at different pH values, the degree of degradation and isomerization of EGCG was the lowest at pH 7 and the highest at pH 8. Thirty-five products were found in the model reaction of EGCG and glucose under high temperatures, of which four EGCG-glucose adducts were identified by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). In addition, catechins, gallic acid, and theanine in tea with added glucose were significantly reduced during roasting. The contents of four EGCG-glucose adducts were increased significantly at 150 °C after 30 min and dropped gradually after 60 min. Therefore, based on the present study, EGCG could form crosslinks with glucose under high temperatures in a short time, which provides insight for tea processing and synthesis of catechin-sugar adducts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zongde Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural University, 130 Changjiang West Road, Hefei, Anhui 230036, China
- International Joint Laboratory on Tea Chemistry and Health Effects of Ministry of Education, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Zisheng Han
- Department of Food Science, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08901, United States
| | - Chunyin Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural University, 130 Changjiang West Road, Hefei, Anhui 230036, China
- International Joint Laboratory on Tea Chemistry and Health Effects of Ministry of Education, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Guoping Lai
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural University, 130 Changjiang West Road, Hefei, Anhui 230036, China
- International Joint Laboratory on Tea Chemistry and Health Effects of Ministry of Education, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Mingchun Wen
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural University, 130 Changjiang West Road, Hefei, Anhui 230036, China
- International Joint Laboratory on Tea Chemistry and Health Effects of Ministry of Education, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Chi-Tang Ho
- International Joint Laboratory on Tea Chemistry and Health Effects of Ministry of Education, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
- Department of Food Science, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08901, United States
| | - Liang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural University, 130 Changjiang West Road, Hefei, Anhui 230036, China
- International Joint Laboratory on Tea Chemistry and Health Effects of Ministry of Education, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Xiaochun Wan
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural University, 130 Changjiang West Road, Hefei, Anhui 230036, China
- International Joint Laboratory on Tea Chemistry and Health Effects of Ministry of Education, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
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25
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Shi QQ, Lu SY, Peng XR, Zhou L, Qiu MH. Hydroxynitrile Glucosides: Bioactive Constituent Recovery from the Oil Residue of Prinsepia utilis. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2021; 69:2438-2443. [PMID: 33591736 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.0c07514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The seed oil of Prinsepia utilis is extensively used as an edible oil by the nationalities of Naxi, Tibetan, and Mosuo in China, which is particularly good for beauty care and has a health protection function. A large amount of industrial waste is thrown away during the production process of seed oil. Therefore, to recover bioactive compounds from the oil residue of P. utilis is environmentally friendly and economically important. For this purpose, the chemical constituents of the P. utilis oil residue were investigated in our research, and five new compounds, prinsepicyanosides F-I (1-4) and prinamoside A (5), together with 16 known compounds (6-21) were isolated. The structures of the new compounds (1-5) were unambiguously confirmed by extensive spectroscopic techniques. Preliminary in vitro pharmacological studies showed that the hydroxynitrile glucosides (3, 9, and 10) exhibited weak α-glucosidase inhibitory activity. To a certain extent, our research provides some evidence for the pharmacological function of γ-hydroxynitrile glucosides and proposes new ideas for recycling of the oil residue of P. utilis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang-Qiang Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan 650201, People's Republic of China
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan 650201, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuang-Yang Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan 650201, People's Republic of China
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan 650201, People's Republic of China
| | - Xing-Rong Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan 650201, People's Republic of China
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan 650201, People's Republic of China
| | - Lin Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan 650201, People's Republic of China
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan 650201, People's Republic of China
| | - Ming-Hua Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan 650201, People's Republic of China
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan 650201, People's Republic of China
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26
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Zhou XL, Li SB, Yan MQ, Luo Q, Wang LS, Shen LL, Liao ML, Lu CH, Liu XY, Liang CQ. Bioactive dammarane triterpenoid saponins from the leaves of Cyclocarya paliurus. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2021; 183:112618. [PMID: 33352359 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2020.112618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2020] [Revised: 12/02/2020] [Accepted: 12/04/2020] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Thirteen undescribed dammarane triterpenoid saponins (cypaliurusides A-M), including eleven seco-dammarane type triterpenoids, were isolated from Cyclocarya paliurus. Each of these compounds has the unique feature of having a monosaccharide attached to C-11, rather than C-12, compared to the same type of saponins found in this plant. The structures of them were determined by comprehensive analysis of 1D, 2D NMR and HRESIMS data. Cypaliuruside J showed significant α-glucosidase inhibitory effect with IC50 value of 2.22 ± 0.13 μM. In addition, Cypaliurusides F and K exhibited modest cytotoxic activities against selected human cancer cell lines in vitro, with IC50 values ranging from 4.61 ± 0.13 to 15.23 ± 3.88 μM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xian-Li Zhou
- College of Biotechnology, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, 541199, People's Republic of China
| | - Shan-Bin Li
- College of Biotechnology, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, 541199, People's Republic of China
| | - Meng-Qi Yan
- College of Pharmacy, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, 541199, People's Republic of China
| | - Qin Luo
- Science Experiment Center, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, 541199, People's Republic of China
| | - Li-Sheng Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, 541199, People's Republic of China.
| | - Ling-Li Shen
- College of Pharmacy, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, 541199, People's Republic of China
| | - Mei-Lian Liao
- College of Pharmacy, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, 541199, People's Republic of China
| | - Cai-Hua Lu
- College of Pharmacy, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, 541199, People's Republic of China
| | - Xia-Yan Liu
- College of Pharmacy, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, 541199, People's Republic of China
| | - Cheng-Qin Liang
- College of Pharmacy, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, 541199, People's Republic of China.
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