1
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Ahn Y, Park JH. Novel Potential Therapeutic Targets in Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease from the Perspective of Cell Polarity and Fibrosis. Biomol Ther (Seoul) 2024; 32:291-300. [PMID: 38589290 PMCID: PMC11063481 DOI: 10.4062/biomolther.2023.207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Revised: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 04/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD), a congenital genetic disorder, is a notable contributor to the prevalence of chronic kidney disease worldwide. Despite the absence of a complete cure, ongoing research aims for early diagnosis and treatment. Although agents such as tolvaptan and mTOR inhibitors have been utilized, their effectiveness in managing the disease during its initial phase has certain limitations. This review aimed to explore new targets for the early diagnosis and treatment of ADPKD, considering ongoing developments. We particularly focus on cell polarity, which is a key factor that influences the process and pace of cyst formation. In addition, we aimed to identify agents or treatments that can prevent or impede the progression of renal fibrosis, ultimately slowing its trajectory toward end-stage renal disease. Recent advances in slowing ADPKD progression have been examined, and potential therapeutic approaches targeting multiple pathways have been introduced. This comprehensive review discusses innovative strategies to address the challenges of ADPKD and provides valuable insights into potential avenues for its prevention and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yejin Ahn
- Department of Biological Sciences, Sookmyung Women’s University, Seoul, 04310, 04310, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Hoon Park
- Department of Biological Sciences, Sookmyung Women’s University, Seoul, 04310, 04310, Republic of Korea
- Research Institute of Women’s Health, Sookmyung Women’s University, Seoul, 04310, Republic of Korea
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2
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Yan H, Zhang Y, Lin X, Huang J, Zhang F, Chen C, Ren H, Zheng S, Yang J, Hui S. Resveratrol improves diabetic kidney disease by modulating the gut microbiota-short chain fatty acids axis in db/db mice. Int J Food Sci Nutr 2024; 75:264-276. [PMID: 38238900 DOI: 10.1080/09637486.2024.2303041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/09/2024]
Abstract
Diabetic kidney disease is associated with the dysbiosis of the gut microbiota and its metabolites. db/db mice were fed chow diet with or without 0.4% resveratrol for 12 weeks, after which the gut microbiota, faecal short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), and renal fibrosis were analysed. Resveratrol ameliorated the progression of diabetic kidney disease and alleviated tubulointerstitial fibrosis. Further studies showed that gut microbiota dysbiosis was modulated by resveratrol, characterised by the expansion of SCFAs-producing bacteria Faecalibaculum and Lactobacillus, which increased the concentrations of SCFAs (especially acetic acid) in the faeces. Moreover, microbiota transplantation experiments found that alteration of the gut microbiota contributed to the prevention of diabetic kidney disease. Acetate treatment ameliorated proteinuria, glomerulosclerosis and tubulointerstitial fibrosis in db/db mice. Overall, resveratrol improved the progression of diabetic kidney disease by suppressing tubulointerstitial fibrosis, which may be involved, at least in part, in the regulation of the gut microbiota-SCFAs axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongjia Yan
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Research Center for Metabolic and Cardiovascular Diseases, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiaoqian Lin
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Research Center for Metabolic and Cardiovascular Diseases, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Juan Huang
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Research Center for Metabolic and Cardiovascular Diseases, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Fuwei Zhang
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Research Center for Metabolic and Cardiovascular Diseases, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Caiyu Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Daping Hospital, The Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Hongmei Ren
- Department of Cardiology, Daping Hospital, The Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Shuo Zheng
- Department of Cardiology, Daping Hospital, The Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Jian Yang
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Research Center for Metabolic and Cardiovascular Diseases, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Suocheng Hui
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
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3
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Achanta LB, Thomas DS, Housley GD, Rae CD. AMP-activated protein kinase activators have compound and concentration-specific effects on brain metabolism. J Neurochem 2024; 168:677-692. [PMID: 36977628 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.15815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2023] [Revised: 03/18/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023]
Abstract
AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is a key sensor of energy balance playing important roles in the balancing of anabolic and catabolic activities. The high energy demands of the brain and its limited capacity to store energy indicate that AMPK may play a significant role in brain metabolism. Here, we activated AMPK in guinea pig cortical tissue slices, both directly with A769662 and PF 06409577 and indirectly with AICAR and metformin. We studied the resultant metabolism of [1-13C]glucose and [1,2-13C]acetate using NMR spectroscopy. We found distinct activator concentration-dependent effects on metabolism, which ranged from decreased metabolic pool sizes at EC50 activator concentrations with no expected stimulation in glycolytic flux to increased aerobic glycolysis and decreased pyruvate metabolism with certain activators. Further, activation with direct versus indirect activators produced distinct metabolic outcomes at both low (EC50) and higher (EC50 × 10) concentrations. Specific direct activation of β1-containing AMPK isoforms with PF 06409577 resulted in increased Krebs cycle activity, restoring pyruvate metabolism while A769662 increased lactate and alanine production, as well as labelling of citrate and glutamine. These results reveal a complex metabolic response to AMPK activators in brain beyond increased aerobic glycolysis and indicate that further research is warranted into their concentration- and mechanism-dependent impact.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lavanya B Achanta
- Neuroscience Research Australia, Barker St, Randwick, New South Wales, 2031, Australia
- Translational Neuroscience Facility, School of Biomedical Sciences, UNSW, Sydney, New South Wales, 2052, Australia
| | - Donald S Thomas
- Mark Wainwright Analytical Centre, UNSW, Sydney, New South Wales, 2052, Australia
| | - Gary D Housley
- Translational Neuroscience Facility, School of Biomedical Sciences, UNSW, Sydney, New South Wales, 2052, Australia
| | - Caroline D Rae
- Neuroscience Research Australia, Barker St, Randwick, New South Wales, 2031, Australia
- School of Psychology, UNSW, Sydney, New South Wales, 2052, Australia
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4
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Li XL, Tei R, Uematsu M, Baskin JM. Ultralow Background Membrane Editors for Spatiotemporal Control of Phosphatidic Acid Metabolism and Signaling. ACS CENTRAL SCIENCE 2024; 10:543-554. [PMID: 38559292 PMCID: PMC10979500 DOI: 10.1021/acscentsci.3c01105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Revised: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Phosphatidic acid (PA) is a multifunctional lipid with important metabolic and signaling functions, and efforts to dissect its pleiotropy demand strategies for perturbing its levels with spatiotemporal precision. Previous membrane editing approaches for generating local PA pools used light-mediated induced proximity to recruit a PA-synthesizing enzyme, phospholipase D (PLD), from the cytosol to the target organelle membrane. Whereas these optogenetic PLDs exhibited high activity, their residual activity in the dark led to undesired chronic lipid production. Here, we report ultralow background membrane editors for PA wherein light directly controls PLD catalytic activity, as opposed to localization and access to substrates, exploiting a light-oxygen-voltage (LOV) domain-based conformational photoswitch inserted into the PLD sequence and enabling their stable and nonperturbative targeting to multiple organelle membranes. By coupling organelle-targeted LOVPLD activation to lipidomics analysis, we discovered different rates of metabolism for PA and its downstream products depending on the subcellular location of PA production. We also elucidated signaling roles for PA pools on different membranes in conferring local activation of AMP-activated protein kinase signaling. This work illustrates how membrane editors featuring acute, optogenetic conformational switches can provide new insights into organelle-selective lipid metabolic and signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang-Ling Li
- Weill
Institute for Cell and Molecular Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
- Department
of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell
University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Reika Tei
- Weill
Institute for Cell and Molecular Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
- Department
of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell
University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Masaaki Uematsu
- Weill
Institute for Cell and Molecular Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
- Department
of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell
University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Jeremy M. Baskin
- Weill
Institute for Cell and Molecular Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
- Department
of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell
University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
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5
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Shaw SJ, Goff DA, Boralsky LA, Singh R, Sweeny DJ, Park G, Sun TQ, Jenkins Y, Markovtsov V, Issakani SD, Payan DG, Hitoshi Y. Optimization of Pharmacokinetic and In Vitro Safety Profile of a Series of Pyridine Diamide Indirect AMPK Activators. J Med Chem 2023; 66:17086-17104. [PMID: 38079537 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.3c01983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2023]
Abstract
A set of focused analogues have been generated around a lead indirect adenosine monophosphate-activated kinase (AMPK) activator to improve the rat clearance of the molecule. Analogues were focused on inhibiting amide hydrolysis by the strategic placement of substituents that increased the steric environment about the secondary amide bond between 4-aminopiperidine and pyridine-5-carboxylic acid. It was found that placing substituents at position 3 of the piperidine ring and position 4 of the pyridine could all improve clearance without significantly impacting on-target potency. Notably, trans-3-fluoropiperidine 32 reduced rat clearance from above liver blood flow to 19 mL/min/kg and improved the hERG profile by attenuating the basicity of the piperidine moiety. Oral dosing of 32 activated AMPK in mouse liver and after 2 weeks of dosing improved glucose handling in a db/db mouse model of Type II diabetes as well as lowering fasted glucose and insulin levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon J Shaw
- Rigel Pharmaceuticals, Inc., 611 Gateway Boulevard, Suite 900, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Dane A Goff
- Rigel Pharmaceuticals, Inc., 611 Gateway Boulevard, Suite 900, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Luke A Boralsky
- Rigel Pharmaceuticals, Inc., 611 Gateway Boulevard, Suite 900, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Rajinder Singh
- Rigel Pharmaceuticals, Inc., 611 Gateway Boulevard, Suite 900, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - David J Sweeny
- Rigel Pharmaceuticals, Inc., 611 Gateway Boulevard, Suite 900, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Gary Park
- Rigel Pharmaceuticals, Inc., 611 Gateway Boulevard, Suite 900, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Tian-Qiang Sun
- Rigel Pharmaceuticals, Inc., 611 Gateway Boulevard, Suite 900, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Yonchu Jenkins
- Rigel Pharmaceuticals, Inc., 611 Gateway Boulevard, Suite 900, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Vadim Markovtsov
- Rigel Pharmaceuticals, Inc., 611 Gateway Boulevard, Suite 900, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Sarkiz D Issakani
- Rigel Pharmaceuticals, Inc., 611 Gateway Boulevard, Suite 900, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Donald G Payan
- Rigel Pharmaceuticals, Inc., 611 Gateway Boulevard, Suite 900, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Yasumichi Hitoshi
- Rigel Pharmaceuticals, Inc., 611 Gateway Boulevard, Suite 900, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
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6
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Zhu Q, Li G, Ma L, Chen B, Zhang D, Gao J, Deng S, Chen Y. Virgin Camellia Seed Oil Improves Glycolipid Metabolism in the Kidney of High Fat-Fed Rats through AMPK-SREBP Pathway. Nutrients 2023; 15:4888. [PMID: 38068746 PMCID: PMC10708295 DOI: 10.3390/nu15234888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Revised: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Camellia seed oil (CO) is used as edible oil in southern China because of its excellent fatty acid composition and abundant bioactive compounds. Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is one of the most common chronic degenerative diseases in China, and active compounds in vegetable oil, like virgin olive oil, have been demonstrated to be efficacious in the management of CKD. In this study, virgin CO was refined using a standard process. The refining had minimal impact on the fatty acid composition, but significantly reduced the presence of bioactive compounds like polyphenols in CO. Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats fed with high fat diet (Group G) were treated with either virgin (Group Z) or refined CO (Group R). The oral administration of CO alleviated lipid accumulation and decreased body and kidney weight gain. Furthermore, treatment with virgin CO increased the renal ATP content. The renal expression levels of AMPK and key enzymes involved in fatty acid oxidation (CPT-1 and ACOX1) and glycolysis (HK, PFK, PK and GAPDH) were up-regulated in Group Z, thereby enhancing the ATP production. Virgin CO treatment downregulated the expression level of SREBP2 and its downstream target genes, such as ACC, FAS, and HMGCR, which reduced lipid synthesis. These findings indicate that virgin CO improves glycolipid metabolism and restores energy homeostasis in the kidneys of rats fed with a high-fat diet by modulating the AMPK-SREBP-signaling pathway, suggesting the potential of active compounds in virgin CO for managing the renal failure associated with glycolipid dysmetabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinhe Zhu
- National Engineering Research Center of Oiltea Camellia, State Key Laboratory of Utilization of Woody Oil Resource, Hunan Academy of Forestry, Shao Shan South Road, No. 658, Changsha 410004, China; (Q.Z.); (G.L.); (L.M.); (D.Z.)
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Economic Crops Genetic Improvement and Integrated Utilization, School of Life and Health Sciences, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan 411201, China
| | - Guihui Li
- National Engineering Research Center of Oiltea Camellia, State Key Laboratory of Utilization of Woody Oil Resource, Hunan Academy of Forestry, Shao Shan South Road, No. 658, Changsha 410004, China; (Q.Z.); (G.L.); (L.M.); (D.Z.)
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Economic Crops Genetic Improvement and Integrated Utilization, School of Life and Health Sciences, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan 411201, China
| | - Li Ma
- National Engineering Research Center of Oiltea Camellia, State Key Laboratory of Utilization of Woody Oil Resource, Hunan Academy of Forestry, Shao Shan South Road, No. 658, Changsha 410004, China; (Q.Z.); (G.L.); (L.M.); (D.Z.)
| | - Bolin Chen
- Co-Innovation Center for the Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Dawei Zhang
- National Engineering Research Center of Oiltea Camellia, State Key Laboratory of Utilization of Woody Oil Resource, Hunan Academy of Forestry, Shao Shan South Road, No. 658, Changsha 410004, China; (Q.Z.); (G.L.); (L.M.); (D.Z.)
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Economic Crops Genetic Improvement and Integrated Utilization, School of Life and Health Sciences, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan 411201, China
| | - Jing Gao
- National Engineering Research Center of Oiltea Camellia, State Key Laboratory of Utilization of Woody Oil Resource, Hunan Academy of Forestry, Shao Shan South Road, No. 658, Changsha 410004, China; (Q.Z.); (G.L.); (L.M.); (D.Z.)
| | - Senwen Deng
- National Engineering Research Center of Oiltea Camellia, State Key Laboratory of Utilization of Woody Oil Resource, Hunan Academy of Forestry, Shao Shan South Road, No. 658, Changsha 410004, China; (Q.Z.); (G.L.); (L.M.); (D.Z.)
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Economic Crops Genetic Improvement and Integrated Utilization, School of Life and Health Sciences, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan 411201, China
| | - Yongzhong Chen
- National Engineering Research Center of Oiltea Camellia, State Key Laboratory of Utilization of Woody Oil Resource, Hunan Academy of Forestry, Shao Shan South Road, No. 658, Changsha 410004, China; (Q.Z.); (G.L.); (L.M.); (D.Z.)
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7
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Day EA, Townsend LK, Rehal S, Batchuluun B, Wang D, Morrow MR, Lu R, Lundenberg L, Lu JH, Desjardins EM, Smith TK, Raphenya AR, McArthur AG, Fullerton MD, Steinberg GR. Macrophage AMPK β1 activation by PF-06409577 reduces the inflammatory response, cholesterol synthesis, and atherosclerosis in mice. iScience 2023; 26:108269. [PMID: 38026185 PMCID: PMC10654588 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.108269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Revised: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease is characterized by both chronic low-grade inflammation and dyslipidemia. The AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) inhibits cholesterol synthesis and dampens inflammation but whether pharmacological activation reduces atherosclerosis is equivocal. In the current study, we found that the orally bioavailable and highly selective activator of AMPKβ1 complexes, PF-06409577, reduced atherosclerosis in two mouse models in a myeloid-derived AMPKβ1 dependent manner, suggesting a critical role for macrophages. In bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs), PF-06409577 dose dependently activated AMPK as indicated by increased phosphorylation of downstream substrates ULK1 and acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC), which are important for autophagy and fatty acid oxidation/de novo lipogenesis, respectively. Treatment of BMDMs with PF-06409577 suppressed fatty acid and cholesterol synthesis and transcripts related to the inflammatory response while increasing transcripts important for autophagy through AMPKβ1. These data indicate that pharmacologically targeting macrophage AMPKβ1 may be a promising strategy for reducing atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily A. Day
- Centre for Metabolism, Obesity and Diabetes Research, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, ON, Canada
| | - Logan K. Townsend
- Centre for Metabolism, Obesity and Diabetes Research, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, ON, Canada
| | - Sonia Rehal
- Centre for Metabolism, Obesity and Diabetes Research, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, ON, Canada
| | - Battsetseg Batchuluun
- Centre for Metabolism, Obesity and Diabetes Research, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, ON, Canada
| | - Dongdong Wang
- Centre for Metabolism, Obesity and Diabetes Research, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, ON, Canada
| | - Marisa R. Morrow
- Centre for Metabolism, Obesity and Diabetes Research, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, ON, Canada
| | - Rachel Lu
- Centre for Metabolism, Obesity and Diabetes Research, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, ON, Canada
| | - Lucie Lundenberg
- Centre for Metabolism, Obesity and Diabetes Research, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, ON, Canada
| | - Jessie H. Lu
- Centre for Metabolism, Obesity and Diabetes Research, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, ON, Canada
| | - Eric M. Desjardins
- Centre for Metabolism, Obesity and Diabetes Research, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, ON, Canada
| | - Tyler K.T. Smith
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Centre for Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, Ottawa Institute of Systems Biology, Centre for Catalysis Research and Innovation, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Amogelang R. Raphenya
- Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Andrew G. McArthur
- Centre for Metabolism, Obesity and Diabetes Research, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Morgan D. Fullerton
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Centre for Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, Ottawa Institute of Systems Biology, Centre for Catalysis Research and Innovation, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Gregory R. Steinberg
- Centre for Metabolism, Obesity and Diabetes Research, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, ON, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
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8
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Li XL, Tei R, Uematsu M, Baskin JM. Ultralow background membrane editors for spatiotemporal control of lipid metabolism and signaling. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.08.31.555787. [PMID: 37693485 PMCID: PMC10491157 DOI: 10.1101/2023.08.31.555787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
Abstract
Phosphatidic acid (PA) is a multifunctional lipid with important metabolic and signaling functions, and efforts to dissect its pleiotropy demand strategies for perturbing its levels with spatiotemporal precision. Previous membrane editing approaches for generating local PA pools used light-mediated induced proximity to recruit a PA-synthesizing enzyme, phospholipase D (PLD), from the cytosol to the target organelle membrane. Whereas these optogenetic PLDs exhibited high activity, their residual activity in the dark led to undesired chronic lipid production. Here, we report ultralow background membrane editors for PA wherein light directly controls PLD catalytic activity, as opposed to localization and access to substrates, exploiting a LOV domain-based conformational photoswitch inserted into the PLD sequence and enabling their stable and non-perturbative targeting to multiple organelle membranes. By coupling organelle-targeted LOVPLD activation to lipidomics analysis, we discovered different rates of metabolism for PA and its downstream products depending on the subcellular location of PA production. We also elucidated signaling roles for PA pools on different membranes in conferring local activation of AMP-activated protein kinase signaling. This work illustrates how membrane editors featuring acute, optogenetic conformational switches can provide new insights into organelle-selective lipid metabolic and signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang-Ling Li
- Weill Institute for Cell and Molecular Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - Reika Tei
- Weill Institute for Cell and Molecular Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - Masaaki Uematsu
- Weill Institute for Cell and Molecular Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - Jeremy M. Baskin
- Weill Institute for Cell and Molecular Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
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9
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Wu S, Xiao Z, Wei J, Zhang L, Cao Y, Chen Z, Li Q, Hu G. Imidazo[1,2-a]pyridine Derivatives as AMPK Activators: Synthesis, Structure-Activity Relationships, and Regulation of Reactive Oxygen Species in Renal Fibroblasts. ChemMedChem 2023; 18:e202200696. [PMID: 36750404 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.202200696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Revised: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
Adenosine 5'-monophosphate activated protein kinase (AMPK) has emerged as a promising target for the discovery of drugs to treat diabetic nephropathy (DN). Herein, a series of imidazo[1,2-a]pyridines were designed and synthesized. Among them, the active compound (EC50 =11.0 nM) showed good enzyme activation and molecular docking results showed hydrogen bonding interactions with the key amino acids Asn111 and Lys29 in the active site. Meanwhile, further cellular level experiments revealed that it could reduce reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels in NRK-49F cells induced by high glucose, and Western Blot experiments also demonstrate that it can increase the levels of p-AMPK and p-ACC and decrease the levels of TGF-β1. The results of this study extend the structural types of AMPK activators and provide novel lead compounds for the subsequent development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siming Wu
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, 410013 Hunan, P.R. China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Organ Fibrosis, Changsha, 410013 Hunan, P.R. China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Diagnostic and Therapeutic Drug Research for Chronic Diseases, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, P.R. China
| | - Zhihong Xiao
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, 410013 Hunan, P.R. China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Organ Fibrosis, Changsha, 410013 Hunan, P.R. China
| | - Junling Wei
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, 410013 Hunan, P.R. China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Organ Fibrosis, Changsha, 410013 Hunan, P.R. China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, 410013 Hunan, P.R. China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Diagnostic and Therapeutic Drug Research for Chronic Diseases, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, P.R. China
| | - Yuanyuan Cao
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, 410013 Hunan, P.R. China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Organ Fibrosis, Changsha, 410013 Hunan, P.R. China
| | - Zhuo Chen
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, 410013 Hunan, P.R. China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Organ Fibrosis, Changsha, 410013 Hunan, P.R. China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Diagnostic and Therapeutic Drug Research for Chronic Diseases, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, P.R. China
| | - Qianbin Li
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, 410013 Hunan, P.R. China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Organ Fibrosis, Changsha, 410013 Hunan, P.R. China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Diagnostic and Therapeutic Drug Research for Chronic Diseases, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, P.R. China
| | - Gaoyun Hu
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, 410013 Hunan, P.R. China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Organ Fibrosis, Changsha, 410013 Hunan, P.R. China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Diagnostic and Therapeutic Drug Research for Chronic Diseases, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, P.R. China
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10
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He S, Lim GE. The Application of High-Throughput Approaches in Identifying Novel Therapeutic Targets and Agents to Treat Diabetes. Adv Biol (Weinh) 2023; 7:e2200151. [PMID: 36398493 DOI: 10.1002/adbi.202200151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Revised: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
During the past decades, unprecedented progress in technologies has revolutionized traditional research methodologies. Among these, advances in high-throughput drug screening approaches have permitted the rapid identification of potential therapeutic agents from drug libraries that contain thousands or millions of molecules. Moreover, high-throughput-based therapeutic target discovery strategies can comprehensively interrogate relationships between biomolecules (e.g., gene, RNA, and protein) and diseases and significantly increase the authors' knowledge of disease mechanisms. Diabetes is a chronic disease primarily characterized by the incapacity of the body to maintain normoglycemia. The prevalence of diabetes in modern society has become a severe public health issue that threatens the well-being of millions of patients. Although a number of pharmacological treatments are available, there is no permanent cure for diabetes, and discovering novel therapeutic targets and agents continues to be an urgent need. The present review discusses the technical details of high-throughput screening approaches in drug discovery, followed by introducing the applications of such approaches to diabetes research. This review aims to provide an example of the applicability of high-throughput technologies in facilitating different aspects of disease research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siyi He
- Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Pavillon Roger-Gaudry, 2900 Edouard Montpetit Blvd, Montreal, Québec, H3T 1J4, Canada.,Cardiometabolic Axis, Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), 900 rue St Denis, Montreal, Québec, H2X 0A9, Canada
| | - Gareth E Lim
- Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Pavillon Roger-Gaudry, 2900 Edouard Montpetit Blvd, Montreal, Québec, H3T 1J4, Canada.,Cardiometabolic Axis, Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), 900 rue St Denis, Montreal, Québec, H2X 0A9, Canada
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11
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Teng M, Young DW, Tan Z. The Pursuit of Enzyme Activation: A Snapshot of the Gold Rush. J Med Chem 2022; 65:14289-14304. [PMID: 36265019 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.2c01291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A range of enzymes drive human physiology, and their activities are tightly regulated through numerous signaling pathways. Depending on the context, these pathways may activate or inhibit an enzyme as a way to ensure proper execution of cellular functions. From a drug discovery and development perspective, pharmacological inhibition of enzymes has been a focus of interest, as many diseases are associated with the upregulation of enzyme function. On the other hand, however, pharmacological activation of enzymes such as kinases and phosphatases has been of increasing interest. In this review, we discuss seven case studies that highlight pharmacological activation strategy, describe the binding modes and pharmacology of the activators, and comment on how this on-demand activation strategy complements the commonly pursued inhibition strategy, thus jointly enabling bidirectional modulation of specific target of interest. Going forward, we expect activators to play important roles as chemical probes and drug leads.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingxing Teng
- Department of Pathology & Immunology, and Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, United States
| | - Damian W Young
- Department of Pathology & Immunology, and Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, United States
| | - Zhi Tan
- Department of Pathology & Immunology, and Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, United States
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12
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Yan Y, Li M, Lin J, Ji Y, Wang K, Yan D, Shen Y, Wang W, Huang Z, Jiang H, Sun H, Qi L. Adenosine monophosphate activated protein kinase contributes to skeletal muscle health through the control of mitochondrial function. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:947387. [PMID: 36339617 PMCID: PMC9632297 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.947387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Skeletal muscle is one of the largest organs in the body and the largest protein repository. Mitochondria are the main energy-producing organelles in cells and play an important role in skeletal muscle health and function. They participate in several biological processes related to skeletal muscle metabolism, growth, and regeneration. Adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is a metabolic sensor and regulator of systemic energy balance. AMPK is involved in the control of energy metabolism by regulating many downstream targets. In this review, we propose that AMPK directly controls several facets of mitochondrial function, which in turn controls skeletal muscle metabolism and health. This review is divided into four parts. First, we summarize the properties of AMPK signal transduction and its upstream activators. Second, we discuss the role of mitochondria in myogenesis, muscle atrophy, regeneration post-injury of skeletal muscle cells. Third, we elaborate the effects of AMPK on mitochondrial biogenesis, fusion, fission and mitochondrial autophagy, and discuss how AMPK regulates the metabolism of skeletal muscle by regulating mitochondrial function. Finally, we discuss the effects of AMPK activators on muscle disease status. This review thus represents a foundation for understanding this biological process of mitochondrial dynamics regulated by AMPK in the metabolism of skeletal muscle. A better understanding of the role of AMPK on mitochondrial dynamic is essential to improve mitochondrial function, and hence promote skeletal muscle health and function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Yan
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Tissue Engineering Technology Products, Jiangsu Clinical Medicine Center of Tissue Engineering and Nerve Injury Repair, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Ming Li
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Binhai County People’s Hospital Affiliated to Kangda College of Nanjing Medical University, Yancheng, China
| | - Jie Lin
- Department of Infectious Disease, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Yanan Ji
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Tissue Engineering Technology Products, Jiangsu Clinical Medicine Center of Tissue Engineering and Nerve Injury Repair, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Kexin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Tissue Engineering Technology Products, Jiangsu Clinical Medicine Center of Tissue Engineering and Nerve Injury Repair, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Dajun Yan
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Yuntian Shen
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Tissue Engineering Technology Products, Jiangsu Clinical Medicine Center of Tissue Engineering and Nerve Injury Repair, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Zhongwei Huang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Haiyan Jiang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
- *Correspondence: Haiyan Jiang, ; Hualin Sun, ; Lei Qi,
| | - Hualin Sun
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Tissue Engineering Technology Products, Jiangsu Clinical Medicine Center of Tissue Engineering and Nerve Injury Repair, Nantong University, Nantong, China
- *Correspondence: Haiyan Jiang, ; Hualin Sun, ; Lei Qi,
| | - Lei Qi
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
- *Correspondence: Haiyan Jiang, ; Hualin Sun, ; Lei Qi,
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13
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Kopietz F, Degerman E, Göransson O. AMPKβ isoform expression patterns in various adipocyte models and in relation to body mass index. Front Physiol 2022; 13:928964. [PMID: 35991175 PMCID: PMC9386264 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.928964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) activation is considered a useful strategy for the treatment of type 2 diabetes (T2D). It is unclear whether the expression and/or activity of AMPK in adipocytes is dysregulated in obesity. Also, the expression/activity pattern of AMPKβ isoforms, which are targets for AMPK activators, in adipocytes remains elusive. In this study we show that the two AMPKβ isoforms make roughly equal contributions to AMPK activity in primary human and mouse adipocytes, whereas in cultured 3T3-L1 adipocytes of mouse origin and in primary rat adipocytes, β1-associated activity clearly dominates. Additionally, we found that obesity is not associated with changes in AMPK subunit expression or kinase activity in adipocytes isolated from subcutaneous adipose tissue from individuals with various BMI.
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14
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Shaw SJ, Goff DA, Carroll DC, Singh R, Sweeny DJ, Park G, Jenkins Y, Markovtsov V, Sun TQ, Issakani SD, Hitoshi Donald G. Payan Y. Structure Activity Relationships Leading to the Identification of the Indirect Activator of AMPK, R419. Bioorg Med Chem 2022; 71:116951. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2022.116951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2022] [Revised: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
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15
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Kirchweger B, Wasilewicz A, Fischhuber K, Tahir A, Chen Y, Heiss EH, Langer T, Kirchmair J, Rollinger JM. In Silico and In Vitro Approach to Assess Direct Allosteric AMPK Activators from Nature. PLANTA MEDICA 2022; 88:794-804. [PMID: 35915889 DOI: 10.1055/a-1797-3030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The 5'-adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is an important metabolic regulator. Its allosteric drug and metabolite binding (ADaM) site was identified as an attractive target for direct AMPK activation and holds promise as a novel mechanism for the treatment of metabolic diseases. With the exception of lusianthridin and salicylic acid, no natural product (NP) is reported so far to directly target the ADaM site. For the streamlined assessment of direct AMPK activators from the pool of NPs, an integrated workflow using in silico and in vitro methods was applied. Virtual screening combining a 3D shape-based approach and docking identified 21 NPs and NP-like molecules that could potentially activate AMPK. The compounds were purchased and tested in an in vitro AMPK α 1 β 1 γ 1 kinase assay. Two NP-like virtual hits were identified, which, at 30 µM concentration, caused a 1.65-fold (± 0.24) and a 1.58-fold (± 0.17) activation of AMPK, respectively. Intriguingly, using two different evaluation methods, we could not confirm the bioactivity of the supposed AMPK activator lusianthridin, which rebuts earlier reports.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Kirchweger
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Vienna Doctoral School of Pharmaceutical, Nutritional and Sport Sciences (PhaNuSpo), University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Andreas Wasilewicz
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Vienna Doctoral School of Pharmaceutical, Nutritional and Sport Sciences (PhaNuSpo), University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Katrin Fischhuber
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Ammar Tahir
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Ya Chen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Elke H Heiss
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Thierry Langer
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Johannes Kirchmair
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Judith M Rollinger
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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16
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Su L, Yuan H, Zhang H, Wang R, Fu K, Yin L, Ren Y, Liu H, Fang Q, Wang J, Guo D. PF-06409577 inhibits renal cyst progression by concurrently inhibiting the mTOR pathway and CFTR channel activity. FEBS Open Bio 2022; 12:1761-1770. [PMID: 35748097 PMCID: PMC9527591 DOI: 10.1002/2211-5463.13459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Revised: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Renal cyst development and expansion in autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) involves over-proliferation of cyst-lining epithelial cells and excessive cystic fluid secretion. While metformin effectively inhibits renal cyst growth in mouse models of ADPKD it exhibits low potency, and thus an adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) activator with higher potency is required. Herein, we adopted a drug repurposing strategy to explore the potential of PF-06409577, an AMPK activator for diabetic nephropathy, in cellular, ex vivo and in vivo models of ADPKD. Our results demonstrated that PF-06409577 effectively down-regulated mammalian target of rapamycin pathway-mediated proliferation of cyst-lining epithelial cells and reduced cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator-regulated cystic fluid secretion. Overall, our data suggest that PF-06409577 holds therapeutic potential for ADPKD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Limin Su
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical PharmacyXuzhou Medical UniversityChina
| | - Haoxing Yuan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical PharmacyXuzhou Medical UniversityChina
| | - Haoran Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical PharmacyXuzhou Medical UniversityChina
| | - Ruoqi Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical PharmacyXuzhou Medical UniversityChina
| | - Kequan Fu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical PharmacyXuzhou Medical UniversityChina
| | - Long Yin
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical PharmacyXuzhou Medical UniversityChina
| | - Ying Ren
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical PharmacyXuzhou Medical UniversityChina
| | - Hongli Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical PharmacyXuzhou Medical UniversityChina
| | - Qian Fang
- Department of UrologyThe Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical UniversityChina
| | - Junqi Wang
- Department of UrologyThe Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical UniversityChina
| | - Dong Guo
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical PharmacyXuzhou Medical UniversityChina
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17
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Hua L, Zhang Q, Zhu X, Wang R, You Q, Wang L. Beyond Proteolysis-Targeting Chimeric Molecules: Designing Heterobifunctional Molecules Based on Functional Effectors. J Med Chem 2022; 65:8091-8112. [PMID: 35686733 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.2c00316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, with the successful development of proteolysis-targeting chimeric molecules (PROTACs), the potential of heterobifunctional molecules to contribute to reenvisioning drug design, especially small-molecule drugs, has been increasingly recognized. Inspired by PROTACs, diverse heterobifunctional molecules have been reported to simultaneously bind two or more molecules and bring them into proximity to interaction, such as ribonuclease-recruiting, autophagy-recruiting, lysosome-recruiting, kinase-recruiting, phosphatase-recruiting, glycosyltransferase-recruiting, and acetyltransferase-recruiting chimeras. On the basis of the heterobifunctional principle, more opportunities for advancing drug design by linking potential effectors to a protein of interest (POI) have emerged. Herein, we introduce heterobifunctional molecules other than PROTACs, summarize the limitations of existing molecules, list the main challenges, and propose perspectives for future research directions, providing insight into alternative design strategies based on substrate-proximity-based targeting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liwen Hua
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, P. R. China.,Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, P. R.China
| | - Qiuyue Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, P. R. China.,Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, P. R.China
| | - Xinyue Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, P. R. China.,Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, P. R.China
| | - Ruoning Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, P. R. China
| | - Qidong You
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, P. R. China.,Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, P. R.China
| | - Lei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, P. R. China.,Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, P. R.China
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18
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Zhao G, Yang L, Zhong W, Hu Y, Tan Y, Ren Z, Ban Q, Yang CS, Wang Y, Wang Z. Polydatin, A Glycoside of Resveratrol, Is Better Than Resveratrol in Alleviating Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Mice Fed a High-Fructose Diet. Front Nutr 2022; 9:857879. [PMID: 35651514 PMCID: PMC9149290 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.857879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Resveratrol (RES) is considered to be an activator of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) with many reported health benefits. Polydatin (POD) is a natural precursor and glycosylated form of RES. The glycoside structure of POD alters the bioactivity. Overnutrition-stimulated reactive oxygen species (ROS) promote the AMPK suppression and metabolic dysregulation. The present work compared the effects of POD and RES in ameliorating energy homeostasis imbalance in mice fed a high-fructose diet and elucidated the underlying mechanisms of action. Our results showed that POD elevated the fecal levels of valeric acid and caproic acid via modification of gut microbiota, while RES did not significantly influence the levels of fecal short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs). Both POD and RES markedly decreased the oxidative stress and activated the AMPK signaling pathways in the liver. POD and RES exerted a similar effect in alleviating glucose dysmetabolism, but POD was more effective in ameliorating lipid dysmetabolism than RES. Furthermore, valeric acid and caproic acid alone can activate the AMPK and ameliorate hypercholesterolemia, and enhance the effects of POD on improving lipid metabolism in mice. Overall, for the first time, we demonstrated that POD administration elevated the fecal levels of valeric acid and caproic acid by modifying gut microbiota, thus promoting AMPK activation may be the underlying mechanism that POD is superior to RES in alleviating the lipid dysmetabolism. Our results suggest that POD may be an alternative for RES as an AMPK activator.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangshan Zhao
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Center of Topical Precise Drug Delivery System, School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Cell Biology, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,School of Food Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China.,Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Bioengineering Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Biotechnology Drug and Engineering Technology Research Center, Guangzhou, China.,Guangzhou Jinan Biomedicine Research and Development Center Co., Ltd., Guangzhou, China
| | - Lian Yang
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Center of Topical Precise Drug Delivery System, School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wenshen Zhong
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Center of Topical Precise Drug Delivery System, School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuze Hu
- Department of Cell Biology, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yu Tan
- Department of Cell Biology, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhe Ren
- Department of Cell Biology, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Biotechnology Drug and Engineering Technology Research Center, Guangzhou, China.,Guangzhou Jinan Biomedicine Research and Development Center Co., Ltd., Guangzhou, China
| | - Qiuyan Ban
- College of Horticulture, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Chung S Yang
- Department of Chemical Biology, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ, United States
| | - Yifei Wang
- Department of Cell Biology, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Biotechnology Drug and Engineering Technology Research Center, Guangzhou, China.,Guangzhou Jinan Biomedicine Research and Development Center Co., Ltd., Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhiping Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Center of Topical Precise Drug Delivery System, School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
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19
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Nguyen-Tu MS, Harris J, Martinez-Sanchez A, Chabosseau P, Hu M, Georgiadou E, Pollard A, Otero P, Lopez-Noriega L, Leclerc I, Sakamoto K, Schmoll D, Smith DM, Carling D, Rutter GA. Opposing effects on regulated insulin secretion of acute vs chronic stimulation of AMP-activated protein kinase. Diabetologia 2022; 65:997-1011. [PMID: 35294578 PMCID: PMC9076735 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-022-05673-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS Although targeted in extrapancreatic tissues by several drugs used to treat type 2 diabetes, the role of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) in the control of insulin secretion is still debatable. Previous studies have used pharmacological activators of limited selectivity and specificity, and none has examined in primary pancreatic beta cells the actions of the latest generation of highly potent and specific activators that act via the allosteric drug and metabolite (ADaM) site. METHODS AMPK was activated acutely in islets isolated from C57BL6/J mice, and in an EndoC-βH3 cell line, using three structurally distinct ADaM site activators (991, PF-06409577 and RA089), with varying selectivity for β1- vs β2-containing complexes. Mouse lines expressing a gain-of-function mutation in the γ1 AMPK subunit (D316a) were generated to examine the effects of chronic AMPK stimulation in the whole body, or selectively in the beta cell. RESULTS Acute (1.5 h) treatment of wild-type mouse islets with 991, PF-06409577 or RA089 robustly stimulated insulin secretion at high glucose concentrations (p<0.01, p<0.05 and p<0.001, respectively), despite a lowering of glucose-induced intracellular free Ca2+ dynamics in response to 991 (AUC, p<0.05) and to RA089 at the highest dose (25 μmol/l) at 5.59 min (p<0.05). Although abolished in the absence of AMPK, the effects of 991 were observed in the absence of the upstream kinase, liver kinase B1, further implicating 'amplifying' pathways. In marked contrast, chronic activation of AMPK, either globally or selectively in the beta cell, achieved using a gain-of-function mutant, impaired insulin release in vivo (p<0.05 at 15 min following i.p. injection of 3 mmol/l glucose) and in vitro (p<0.01 following incubation of islets with 17 mmol/l glucose), and lowered glucose tolerance (p<0.001). CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION AMPK activation exerts complex, time-dependent effects on insulin secretion. These observations should inform the design and future clinical use of AMPK modulators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie-Sophie Nguyen-Tu
- Section of Cell Biology and Functional Genomics, Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Joseph Harris
- Section of Cell Biology and Functional Genomics, Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Aida Martinez-Sanchez
- Section of Cell Biology and Functional Genomics, Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Pauline Chabosseau
- Section of Cell Biology and Functional Genomics, Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Ming Hu
- Section of Cell Biology and Functional Genomics, Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Eleni Georgiadou
- Section of Cell Biology and Functional Genomics, Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Alice Pollard
- MRC- London Institute of Medical Sciences, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Structure Biophysics and Fragments, Discovery Sciences, AstraZeneca R&D, Cambridge, UK
| | - Pablo Otero
- Section of Cell Biology and Functional Genomics, Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Livia Lopez-Noriega
- Section of Cell Biology and Functional Genomics, Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Isabelle Leclerc
- Section of Cell Biology and Functional Genomics, Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Kei Sakamoto
- Novo Nordisk Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Dieter Schmoll
- Sanofi-Aventis Deutschland GmbH, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - David M Smith
- Emerging Innovations Unit, Discovery Sciences, AstraZeneca R&D , Cambridge, UK
| | - David Carling
- MRC- London Institute of Medical Sciences, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Guy A Rutter
- Section of Cell Biology and Functional Genomics, Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, London, UK.
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Republic of Singapore.
- CR-CHUM, University of Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada.
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20
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Guo Y, Jiang X, Chang Q, Xiao Z, Chen Z, Jiang D, Hu G, Li Q. Novel pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridine derivatives: Synthesis, structure-activity relationship studies, and regulation of the AMPK/70S6K pathway. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 2022; 355:e2100465. [PMID: 35415908 DOI: 10.1002/ardp.202100465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2021] [Revised: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
A series of novel pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridine derivatives were designed, synthesized, and biologically evaluated for anti-lung cancer activity. Structure-activity relationship and AutoGPA models were constructed based on the in vitro antiproliferative potency of the compounds against a human lung adenocarcinoma cell line (A549). Compound 9d exhibits improved potency for A549 cell growth inhibition (3.06 ± 0.05 μM) compared with A-769662 (45.29 ± 2.14 μM). Compound 9d can elevate the phosphorylation levels of adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and its substrate acetyl-CoA carboxylase and reduce the level of phosphorylated ribosomal S6 kinase (p-70S6K) at 1 μM, which is comparable to the activity of A-769662 at 20 μM. 9d induced G2/M cell cycle arrest, which was rescued when co-incubated with "Compound C," a potent AMPK inhibitor. Taken together, compound 9d showed potential anti-lung cancer activity via inducing cell cycle arrest by regulation of the AMPK/70S6K pathway in A549 cells, which could provide a new lead for the discovery of anti-lung cancer agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yating Guo
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xiaoding Jiang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Qi Chang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Zhihong Xiao
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Zhuo Chen
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Dejian Jiang
- Hunan Key Laboratory for Pharmacodynamics and Safety Evaluation of New Drugs, Hunan Center for Safety Evaluation and Research of Drugs, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Gaoyun Hu
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Qianbin Li
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
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21
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Liou JW, Mani H, Yen JH. Viral Hepatitis, Cholesterol Metabolism, and Cholesterol-Lowering Natural Compounds. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23073897. [PMID: 35409259 PMCID: PMC8999150 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23073897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2022] [Revised: 03/27/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatitis is defined as inflammation of the liver; it can be acute or chronic. In chronic cases, the prolonged inflammation gradually damages the liver, resulting in liver fibrosis, cirrhosis, and sometimes liver failure or cancer. Hepatitis is often caused by viral infections. The most common causes of viral hepatitis are the five hepatitis viruses—hepatitis A virus (HAV), hepatitis B virus (HBV), hepatitis C virus (HCV), hepatitis D virus (HDV), and hepatitis E virus (HEV). While HAV and HEV rarely (or do not) cause chronic hepatitis, a considerable proportion of acute hepatitis cases caused by HBV (sometimes co-infected with HDV) and HCV infections become chronic. Thus, many medical researchers have focused on the treatment of HBV and HCV. It has been documented that host lipid metabolism, particularly cholesterol metabolism, is required for the hepatitis viral infection and life cycle. Thus, manipulating host cholesterol metabolism-related genes and proteins is a strategy used in fighting the viral infections. Efforts have been made to evaluate the efficacy of cholesterol-lowering drugs, particularly 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase inhibitors, in the treatment of hepatitis viral infections; promising results have been obtained. This review provides information on the relationships between hepatitis viruses and host cholesterol metabolism/homeostasis, as well as the discovery/development of cholesterol-lowering natural phytochemicals that could potentially be applied in the treatment of viral hepatitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Je-Wen Liou
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien 97004, Taiwan;
- Institute of Medical Sciences, Tzu Chi University, Hualien 97004, Taiwan;
| | - Hemalatha Mani
- Institute of Medical Sciences, Tzu Chi University, Hualien 97004, Taiwan;
| | - Jui-Hung Yen
- Institute of Medical Sciences, Tzu Chi University, Hualien 97004, Taiwan;
- Department of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, Tzu Chi University, Hualien 97004, Taiwan
- Correspondence: or ; Tel.: +886-3-856-5301 (ext. 2683)
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22
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Arabi T, Shafqat A, Sabbah BN, Fawzy NA, Shah H, Abdulkader H, Razak A, Sabbah AN, Arabi Z. Obesity-related kidney disease: Beyond hypertension and insulin-resistance. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:1095211. [PMID: 36726470 PMCID: PMC9884830 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.1095211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) causes considerable morbidity, mortality, and health expenditures worldwide. Obesity is a significant risk factor for CKD development, partially explained by the high prevalence of diabetes mellitus and hypertension in obese patients. However, adipocytes also possess potent endocrine functions, secreting a myriad of cytokines and adipokines that contribute to insulin resistance and induce a chronic low-grade inflammatory state thereby damaging the kidney. CKD development itself is associated with various metabolic alterations that exacerbate adipose tissue dysfunction and insulin resistance. This adipose-renal axis is a major focus of current research, given the rising incidence of CKD and obesity. Cellular senescence is a biologic hallmark of aging, and age is another significant risk factor for obesity and CKD. An elevated senescent cell burden in adipose tissue predicts renal dysfunction in animal models, and senotherapies may alleviate these phenotypes. In this review, we discuss the direct mechanisms by which adipose tissue contributes to CKD development, emphasizing the potential clinical importance of such pathways in augmenting the care of CKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tarek Arabi
- College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- *Correspondence: Tarek Arabi,
| | - Areez Shafqat
- College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | | | | | - Hassan Shah
- College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Adhil Razak
- College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Ziad Arabi
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- College of Medicine, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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23
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Uppulapu SK, Alam MJ, Kumar S, Banerjee SK. Indazole and its Derivatives in Cardiovascular Diseases: Overview, Current Scenario, and Future Perspectives. Curr Top Med Chem 2022; 22:1177-1188. [PMID: 34906057 PMCID: PMC10782885 DOI: 10.2174/1568026621666211214151534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Revised: 11/12/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Indazoles are a class of heterocyclic compounds with a bicyclic ring structure composed of a pyrazole ring and a benzene ring. Indazole-containing compounds with various functional groups have important pharmacological activities and can be used as structural motifs in designing novel drug molecules. Some of the indazole-containing molecules are approved by FDA and are already in the market. However, very few drugs with indazole rings have been developed against cardiovascular diseases. This review aims to summarize the structural and pharmacological functions of indazole derivatives which have shown efficacy against cardiovascular pathologies in experimental settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shravan Kumar Uppulapu
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Guwahati 781101, India
| | - Md. Jahangir Alam
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Guwahati 781101, India
| | - Santosh Kumar
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
| | - Sanjay Kumar Banerjee
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Guwahati 781101, India
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24
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Samir Z. Zard
- Laboratoire de Synthèse Organique CNRS UMR 7652 Ecole Polytechnique FR-91128 Palaiseau France
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25
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Wang LL, Du Y, Li SM, Cheng F, Zhang NN, Chen R, Cui X, Yang SG, Fan LL, Wang JT, Guo B, Wu HS, Zhang JQ, Tang L. Design, synthesis and evaluation of tetrahydrocarbazole derivatives as potential hypoglycemic agents. Bioorg Chem 2021; 115:105172. [PMID: 34303898 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2021.105172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2021] [Revised: 07/08/2021] [Accepted: 07/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Two series of tetrahydrocarbazole derivatives have been designed and synthesized based on ZG02, a promising candidate developed in our previous studies. The newly prepared compounds were screened for glucose consumption activity in HepG2 cell lines. Aza-tetrahydrocarbazole compound 12b showed the most potent hypoglycemic activity with a 45% increase in glucose consumption when compared to the solvent control, which had approximately 1.2-fold higher activity than the positive control compounds (metformin and ZG02). An investigation of the potential mechanism indicated that 12b may exhibit hypoglycemic activity via activation of the AMPK pathway. Metabolic stability assays revealed that 12b showed good stability profiles in both artificial gastrointestinal fluids and blood plasma from SD rats. An oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) was performed and the results further confirmed that 12b was a potent hypoglycemic agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Li Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants & College of Pharmacy, Guizhou Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Chemical Drug R&D, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, China; School of Medicine and Health Management, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Yao Du
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants & College of Pharmacy, Guizhou Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Chemical Drug R&D, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, China
| | - Shu-Min Li
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants & College of Pharmacy, Guizhou Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Chemical Drug R&D, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, China
| | - Fei Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants & College of Pharmacy, Guizhou Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Chemical Drug R&D, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, China
| | - Na-Na Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants & College of Pharmacy, Guizhou Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Chemical Drug R&D, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, China
| | - Rui Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants & College of Pharmacy, Guizhou Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Chemical Drug R&D, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, China; School of Medicine and Health Management, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Xing Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants & College of Pharmacy, Guizhou Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Chemical Drug R&D, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, China; School of Medicine and Health Management, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Sheng-Gang Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants & College of Pharmacy, Guizhou Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Chemical Drug R&D, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, China
| | - Ling-Ling Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants & College of Pharmacy, Guizhou Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Chemical Drug R&D, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, China
| | - Jian-Ta Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants & College of Pharmacy, Guizhou Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Chemical Drug R&D, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, China
| | - Bing Guo
- Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis and Drug Research on Common Chronic Diseases, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Hao-Shu Wu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Ji-Quan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants & College of Pharmacy, Guizhou Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Chemical Drug R&D, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, China.
| | - Lei Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants & College of Pharmacy, Guizhou Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Chemical Drug R&D, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, China.
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26
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Zhu YR, Zhang XY, Wu QP, Yu CJ, Liu YY, Zhang YQ. PF-06409577 Activates AMPK Signaling and Inhibits Osteosarcoma Cell Growth. Front Oncol 2021; 11:659181. [PMID: 34336655 PMCID: PMC8316637 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.659181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma (OS) is a common primary bone malignancy. We here investigated the potential activity of PF-06409577, a novel, potent, and direct activator of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), against human OS cells. In established (U2OS, MG-63, and SaOs-2 lines) and primary human OS cells, PF-06409577 inhibited cell viability and proliferation, while inducing cell apoptosis and cell cycle arrest. PF-06409577 induced AMPK activation, mTORC1 inhibition, autophagy induction, and downregulation of multiple receptor tyrosine kinase inOS cells. AMPK inactivation by AMPKα1 shRNA, CRISPR/Cas9 knockout, or dominant negative mutation (T172A) was able to abolish PF-06409577-induced activity in OS cells. In vivo, PF-06409577 oral administration at well-tolerated doses potently inhibited growth of U2OS cells and primary human OS cells in severe combined immunodeficient mice. AMPK activation, mTORC1 inhibition, autophagy induction, as well as RTK degradation and apoptosis activation were detected in PF-06409577-treated xenografts. In conclusion, activation of AMPK by PF-06409577 inhibits OS cell growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Rong Zhu
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Jiangyin Hospital of Medical College of Southeast University, Jiangyin, China
| | - Xiang-Yang Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Qiu-Ping Wu
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Jiangyin Hospital of Medical College of Southeast University, Jiangyin, China
| | - Cheng-Jian Yu
- Department of Emergency, 900 Hospital of The Joint Logistics Team, Dongfang Hospital, Xiamen University, Fuzong Clinical College of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yuan-Yuan Liu
- Clinical Research & Lab Center, Affiliated Kunshan Hospital of Jiangsu University, Kunshan, China
| | - Yun-Qing Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Jiangyin Hospital of Medical College of Southeast University, Jiangyin, China
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27
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Artificial intelligence guided discovery of a barrier-protective therapy in inflammatory bowel disease. Nat Commun 2021; 12:4246. [PMID: 34253728 PMCID: PMC8275683 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-24470-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2020] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Modeling human diseases as networks simplify complex multi-cellular processes, helps understand patterns in noisy data that humans cannot find, and thereby improves precision in prediction. Using Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) as an example, here we outline an unbiased AI-assisted approach for target identification and validation. A network was built in which clusters of genes are connected by directed edges that highlight asymmetric Boolean relationships. Using machine-learning, a path of continuum states was pinpointed, which most effectively predicted disease outcome. This path was enriched in gene-clusters that maintain the integrity of the gut epithelial barrier. We exploit this insight to prioritize one target, choose appropriate pre-clinical murine models for target validation and design patient-derived organoid models. Potential for treatment efficacy is confirmed in patient-derived organoids using multivariate analyses. This AI-assisted approach identifies a first-in-class gut barrier-protective agent in IBD and predicted Phase-III success of candidate agents. Traditional drug discovery process use differential, Bayesian and other network based approaches. We developed a Boolean approach for building disease maps and prioritizing pre-clinical models to discover a first-in-class therapy to restore and protect the leaky gut barrier in inflammatory bowel disease.
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28
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Liu R, Zhang Y, Yao X, Wu Q, Wei M, Yan Z. ε-Viniferin, a promising natural oligostilbene, ameliorates hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia by activating AMPK in vivo. Food Funct 2021; 11:10084-10093. [PMID: 33140813 DOI: 10.1039/d0fo01932a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
ε-Viniferin (VNF), a naturally occurring oligostilbene (a resveratrol dimer), is mainly found in grapes and red wines. However, unlike resveratrol, the biological activity of VNF has not been widely studied. This study was conducted to investigate the beneficial effects of VNF on hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia and further to reveal the underlying mechanism. The ameliorative effects of VNF in high-fat-diet and streptozotocin-induced type 2 diabetic rats were assessed physiologically, biochemically and histologically after oral administration of VNF (30 mg kg-1 and 60 mg kg-1) for 8 weeks. Western blotting and immunohistochemistry experiments were performed to determine the effects of VNF on the AMPK phosphorylation levels in the livers of diabetic rats. Molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulation were further performed to study the molecular-level interaction between VNF and AMPK. Meanwhile, the protective effects of VNF on the liver and kidney were also evaluated. The results showed that the VNF treatment caused a significant decrease in the concentrations of fasting blood glucose (FBG), total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), and low density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C), and improved the glucose tolerance of diabetic rats. In addition, the liver and kidney damage indices such as alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransaminase (AST), creatinine (CR), and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) were also lowered and improved. Moreover, VNF could increase the AMPK activation and attenuate histopathological changes in the liver of diabetic rats. The molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulation results revealed for the first time that VNF bound to the hinge region between the α- and β-units of AMPK and interacted with the active site of AMPK. In conclusion, VNF can effectively improve hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia and exhibit protective effects on the liver and kidney functions. The underlying mechanism of VNF in hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia may be related to the activation of AMPK in vivo. Our findings indicate that VNF is a potentially useful natural agent for the treatment of metabolic diseases, especially type 2 diabetes and hyperlipidemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruijuan Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, PR China.
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29
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Zhu Y, Zhao J, Luo L, Gao Y, Bao H, Li P, Zhang H. Research progress of indole compounds with potential antidiabetic activity. Eur J Med Chem 2021; 223:113665. [PMID: 34192642 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2021.113665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Revised: 06/19/2021] [Accepted: 06/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
New types of antidiabetic agents are continually needed with diabetes becoming the epidemic in the world. Indole alkaloids play an important role in natural products owing to their variable structures and versatile biological activities like anticonvulsant, anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic, antimicrobial, and anticancer activities, which are a promising source of novel antidiabetic drugs discovery. The synthesized indole derivatives possess similar properties to natural indole alkaloids. In the last two decades, more and more indole derivatives have been designed and synthesized for searching their bioactivities. This present review describes comprehensive structures of indole compounds with the potential antidiabetic activity including natural indole alkaloids and the synthetic indole derivatives based on the structure classification, summarizes their approaches isolated from natural sources or by synthetic methods, and discusses the antidiabetic effects and the mechanisms of action. Furthermore, this review also provides briefly synthetic procedures of some important indole derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqian Zhu
- School of Pharmacy, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Jinran Zhao
- School of Pharmacy, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Longbiao Luo
- School of Pharmacy, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Yang Gao
- School of Pharmacy, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - He Bao
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710004, China
| | - Pengfei Li
- Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
| | - Hailong Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, China.
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30
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van der Vaart JI, Boon MR, Houtkooper RH. The Role of AMPK Signaling in Brown Adipose Tissue Activation. Cells 2021; 10:cells10051122. [PMID: 34066631 PMCID: PMC8148517 DOI: 10.3390/cells10051122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Revised: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 05/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity is becoming a pandemic, and its prevalence is still increasing. Considering that obesity increases the risk of developing cardiometabolic diseases, research efforts are focusing on new ways to combat obesity. Brown adipose tissue (BAT) has emerged as a possible target to achieve this for its functional role in energy expenditure by means of increasing thermogenesis. An important metabolic sensor and regulator of whole-body energy balance is AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), and its role in energy metabolism is evident. This review highlights the mechanisms of BAT activation and investigates how AMPK can be used as a target for BAT activation. We review compounds and other factors that are able to activate AMPK and further discuss the therapeutic use of AMPK in BAT activation. Extensive research shows that AMPK can be activated by a number of different kinases, such as LKB1, CaMKK, but also small molecules, hormones, and metabolic stresses. AMPK is able to activate BAT by inducing adipogenesis, maintaining mitochondrial homeostasis and inducing browning in white adipose tissue. We conclude that, despite encouraging results, many uncertainties should be clarified before AMPK can be posed as a target for anti-obesity treatment via BAT activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jamie I. van der Vaart
- Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Amsterdam Gastroenterology, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands;
| | - Mariëtte R. Boon
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 ZA Leiden, The Netherlands
- Leiden University Medical Center, Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, 2333 ZA Leiden, The Netherlands
- Correspondence: (M.R.B.); (R.H.H.)
| | - Riekelt H. Houtkooper
- Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Amsterdam Gastroenterology, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands;
- Correspondence: (M.R.B.); (R.H.H.)
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31
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Li QP, Dou YX, Huang ZW, Chen HB, Li YC, Chen JN, Liu YH, Huang XQ, Zeng HF, Yang XB, Su ZR, Xie JH. Therapeutic effect of oxyberberine on obese non-alcoholic fatty liver disease rats. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 85:153550. [PMID: 33831691 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2021.153550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2020] [Revised: 02/06/2021] [Accepted: 03/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Berberine (BBR) has been widely used to treat non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). The metabolites of BBR were believed to contribute significantly to its pharmacological effects. Oxyberberine (OBB), a gut microbiota-mediated oxidative metabolite of BBR, has been firstly identified in our recent work. PURPOSE Here, we aimed to comparatively investigate the anti-NAFLD properties of OBB and BBR. METHODS The anti-NAFLD effect was evaluated in high-fat diet-induced obese NAFLD rats with biochemical/ELISA tests and histological staining. The related gene and protein expressions were detected by qRT-PCR and Western blotting respectively. Molecular docking and dynamic simulation were also performed to provide further insight. RESULTS Results indicated OBB remarkably and dose-dependently attenuated the clinical manifestations of NAFLD, which (100 mg/kg) achieved similar therapeutic effect to metformin (300 mg/kg) and was superior to BBR of the same dose. OBB significantly inhibited aberrant phosphorylation of IRS-1 and up-regulated the downstream protein expression and phosphorylation (PI3K, p-Akt/Akt and p-GSK-3β/GSK-3β) to improve hepatic insulin signal transduction. Meanwhile, OBB treatment remarkably alleviated inflammation via down-regulating the mRNA expression of MCP-1, Cd68, Nos2, Cd11c, while enhancing Arg1 mRNA expression in white adipose tissue. Moreover, OBB exhibited closer affinity with AMPK in silicon and superior hyperphosphorylation of AMPK in vivo, leading to increased ACC mRNA expression in liver and UCP-1 protein expression in adipose tissue. CONCLUSION Taken together, compared with BBR, OBB was more capable of maintaining lipid homeostasis between liver and WAT via attenuating hepatic insulin pathway and adipocyte inflammation, which was associated with its property of superior AMPK activator.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiao-Ping Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Yao-Xing Dou
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Zi-Wei Huang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510405, PR China
| | - Han-Bin Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, SAR, PR China
| | - Yu-Cui Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Jian-Nan Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Yu-Hong Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Xiao-Qi Huang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Hui-Fang Zeng
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510405, PR China
| | - Xiao-Bo Yang
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510120, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510120, PR China
| | - Zi-Ren Su
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, PR China.
| | - Jian-Hui Xie
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510120, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510120, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Research on Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome, Guangzhou 510120, PR China.
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Lu Q, Shu Y, Wang L, Li G, Zhang S, Gu W, Sun Y, Hua W, Huang L, Chen F, Tang L. The protective effect of Veronica ciliata Fisch. Extracts on relieving oxidative stress-induced liver injury via activating AMPK/p62/Nrf2 pathway. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 270:113775. [PMID: 33406386 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2021.113775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2020] [Revised: 12/26/2020] [Accepted: 12/30/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Veronica ciliata Fisch. existed in various Tibetan medicine prescriptions, which was recorded to treat liver diseases in the Tibetan medicine roll of Chinese materia medica. HYPOTHESIS/PURPOSE The current study aimed to examine the effect of active constituents from V.ciliata relieving oxidative stress-mediated liver injury and clarify the underlying mechanism. MATERIALS AND METHODS tert-Butyl hydroperoxide (BHP) induced liver injury in mice model was established to evaluate the hepatoprotective effect of ethyl acetate extract of V. ciliata (EAFVC). Serum and liver indicators, as well as the histopathological change of liver were examined. Next, the constituents of EAFVC were separated and characterized by high-speed countercurrent chromatography (HSCCC) and Ultra performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometer (UPLC-MS), respectively. Based on the above, the antioxidant activity of EAFVC and two fractions was evaluated using 2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2, 2'-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoli- ne-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) free radical scavenging assays. The hepatoprotective activity of EAFVC and its fractions/compounds attenuating ethanol-induced hepatocyte damage in BRL-3A cells was evaluated using the MTT method. The effect of the fraction and compounds with the strongest protective activity on ethanol-induced cytotoxicity, reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation, and glutathione (GSH) depletion was investigated. mRNA expression of nuclear factor-E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and nuclear factor of κB (NF-κB), as well as their downstream target genes, was determined by RT-qPCR. Finally, the potential mechanism of fraction 1 and luteolin on the AMPK/p62/Nrf2 signal pathway was studied using western blotting. RESULTS Firstly, EAFVC could relieve liver impairment induced by t-BHP in mice. Next, fraction 1 enriched with polyphenolic compounds and luteolin derived from EAFVC were screened to yield the highest hepatoprotective activity against ethanol-induced hepatocyte damage. Further study demonstrated that fraction 1 and luteolin relieved BRL-3A cells damage by decreasing the aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine transaminase (ALT) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activities, ROS accumulation, as well as the depletion of GSH. Also, we determined that fraction 1 and luteolin suppressed inflammation and apoptosis of BRL-3A cells. The mechanistic studies indicated that fraction 1 could attenuate oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis by activating AMPK phosphorylation, which promotes autophagy associated protein expression (LC3-B, Beclin1 and p62) as well as promote phosphorylation of p62 -dependent autophagic degradation of Keap1, to induce Nrf2 dissociation from Keap1 and translocate to nuclear. Nrf2 in the nuclear activate cytoprotective related genes to exert hepatoprotective function. Finally, we found that luteolin activated the protein expression of p-AMPK, p-p62, p62, Nrf2, and its downstream target genes. CONCLUSIONS This study clarified that fraction 1 enriched phenolic compounds could attenuate ethanol-induced liver injury in BRL-3A cells via activating AMPK/p62/Nrf2 pathway. Luteolin could serve as the major bioactive component in the therapeutic effect of fraction 1. These active constituents in V. ciliata could be used as the potential drugs targeted activation of AMPK or p62 for relieving oxidative stress-mediated liver disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuxia Lu
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resources and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Energy Plant Bio-Oil Production and Application, Chengdu, China; College of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yueyue Shu
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resources and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Energy Plant Bio-Oil Production and Application, Chengdu, China
| | - Li Wang
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resources and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Energy Plant Bio-Oil Production and Application, Chengdu, China
| | - Guoxiu Li
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resources and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Energy Plant Bio-Oil Production and Application, Chengdu, China
| | - Shiyan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resources and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Energy Plant Bio-Oil Production and Application, Chengdu, China
| | - Wanqin Gu
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resources and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Energy Plant Bio-Oil Production and Application, Chengdu, China
| | - Yiran Sun
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resources and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Energy Plant Bio-Oil Production and Application, Chengdu, China
| | - Wan Hua
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resources and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Energy Plant Bio-Oil Production and Application, Chengdu, China
| | - Lei Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Functions & Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550014, China
| | - Fang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resources and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Energy Plant Bio-Oil Production and Application, Chengdu, China
| | - Lin Tang
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resources and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Energy Plant Bio-Oil Production and Application, Chengdu, China.
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Devi TJ, Singh TP, Singh RR, Sharma KG, Singh OM. Synthesis of Tri-indolylmethane Derivatives Using a Deep Eutectic Solvent. RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY 2021. [DOI: 10.1134/s1070428021020172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Xiao Z, Peng Y, Zheng B, Chang Q, Guo Y, Chen Z, Li Q, Hu G. Design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of 1,2,4-oxadiazole-containing pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridinones as a new series of AMPKɑ1β1γ1 activators. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 2021; 354:e2000458. [PMID: 33683726 DOI: 10.1002/ardp.202000458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2020] [Revised: 02/05/2021] [Accepted: 02/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) plays a key role in maintaining whole-body homeostasis and has been regarded as a therapeutic target for the treatment of diabetic nephropathy (DN). Herein, a series of 1,2,4-oxadiazole-containing pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridinone derivatives is reported as AMPKɑ1β1γ1 activators. The in vitro biological assay demonstrated that compounds 12k (EC50 [AMPKα1γ1β1] = 180 nM) and 13q (EC50 [AMPKα1γ1β1] = 2 nM) displayed significant enzyme activation. Mechanism studies indicated that both compounds reduced the levels of reactive oxygen species in a rat kidney fibroblast cell line (NRK-49F) stimulated by transforming growth factor-β and induced early apoptosis of NRK-49F cells at 10 μM. Molecular docking studies suggested that 13q exhibited critical hydrogen-bond interactions with the critical amino acid residues Lys29, Lys31, Asn111, and Asp88 at the binding site of the AMPK protein. These results enrich the structure pool of AMPK activators and provide novel lead compounds for the subsequent development of compounds with a promising therapeutic potential against DN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhihong Xiao
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yajun Peng
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Bifeng Zheng
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Qi Chang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yating Guo
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Zhuo Chen
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Qianbin Li
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Gaoyun Hu
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
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Foley TL, Burchett W, Chen Q, Flanagan ME, Kapinos B, Li X, Montgomery JI, Ratnayake AS, Zhu H, Peakman MC. Selecting Approaches for Hit Identification and Increasing Options by Building the Efficient Discovery of Actionable Chemical Matter from DNA-Encoded Libraries. SLAS DISCOVERY 2021; 26:263-280. [PMID: 33412987 DOI: 10.1177/2472555220979589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Over the past 20 years, the toolbox for discovering small-molecule therapeutic starting points has expanded considerably. Pharmaceutical researchers can now choose from technologies that, in addition to traditional high-throughput knowledge-based and diversity screening, now include the screening of fragment and fragment-like libraries, affinity selection mass spectrometry, and selection against DNA-encoded libraries (DELs). Each of these techniques has its own unique combination of advantages and limitations that makes them more, or less, suitable for different target classes or discovery objectives, such as desired mechanism of action. Layered on top of this are the constraints of the drug-hunters themselves, including budgets, timelines, and available platform capacity; each of these can play a part in dictating the hit identification strategy for a discovery program. In this article, we discuss some of the factors that we use to govern our building of a hit identification roadmap for a program and describe the increasing role that DELs are playing in our discovery strategy. Furthermore, we share our learning during our initial exploration of DEL and highlight the approaches we have evolved to maximize the value returned from DEL selections. Topics addressed include the optimization of library design and production, reagent validation, data analysis, and hit confirmation. We describe how our thinking in these areas has led us to build a DEL platform that has begun to deliver tractable matter to our global discovery portfolio.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Qiuxia Chen
- Lead Generation Unit, HitGen Inc., Chengdu, Shuangliu District, China
| | | | | | - Xianyang Li
- Lead Generation Unit, HitGen Inc., Chengdu, Shuangliu District, China
| | | | | | - Hongyao Zhu
- Simulation and Modelling Sciences, Pfizer Inc., Groton, CT, USA
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Alghamdi F, Alshuweishi Y, Salt IP. Regulation of nutrient uptake by AMP-activated protein kinase. Cell Signal 2020; 76:109807. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2020.109807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2020] [Revised: 10/05/2020] [Accepted: 10/06/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Li F, Li Y, Li Q, Shi X. Eriobotrya japonica leaf triterpenoid acids ameliorate metabolic syndrome in C57BL/6J mice fed with high-fat diet. Biomed Pharmacother 2020; 132:110866. [PMID: 33113426 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2020.110866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2020] [Revised: 10/07/2020] [Accepted: 10/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND It has been demonstrated in some studies that triterpenoid acid extract fromEriobotrya japonica leaf is beneficial to prevent hyperlipidemia or insulin resistance. However, the effect of triterpenoid acids in Eriobotrya japonica leaf on a series of typical symptoms of metabolic syndrome (MetS) has been rarely studied systematically. Therefore, the present study aims to systematically evaluate the effect of Eriobotrya japonica leaf triterpenoid acids (ELTA) on MetS and explore its potential mechanism. METHODS ELTA (HPLC purity 95.2 %) was prepared and administered orally (200 mg/kg) to C57BL/6 J mice fed with a high-fat diet (HFD) for 12 weeks. Pioglitazone (30 mg/kg) was used as a positive control drug. Food intake, body weight, total lipid in feces, lipid profiles, inflammatory factors in serum, hepatic glutathione, and lipid peroxide were measured. Oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) and insulin tolerance test (ITT) were performed to evaluate insulin sensitivity. RT-qPCR and molecular docking were performed to explore the potential mechanism. RESULTS ELTA administration reduced body weight gain, relative liver weight, and relative visceral adipose weight. The levels of serum total cholesterol, triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, hepatic total cholesterol, and hepatic triglycerides were also reduced. ELTA reduced the area under curve (AUC) of blood glucose curves in OGTT and ITT. Relative mRNA level analysis of genes related to MetS showed that ELTA can effectively increase the transcriptional levels of Nrf2, HO-1, PPAR-γ, GluT2, GK, FXR, while effectively decrease those of PTP1B, p65, TNF-α, IL-6, SREBP, 11βHSD-1. Molecular docking showed that the ligands in ELTA can bind to 11βHSD-1, GK, PPAR-γ, and JNK, the important targets involved in MetS. CONCLUSIONS ELTA can effectively alleviate visceral central obesity, insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, oxidative stress, and inflammation of HFD-induced MetS in C57BL/6 J mice. This is possibly achieved by acting on 11βHSD-1, GK, PPAR-γ, and JNK.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Li
- College of Biological Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350116, PR China; Institute of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350116, PR China; Fujian Key Lab of Medical Instrument and Pharmaceutical Technology, Fuzhou University. Fuzhou, Fujian, 350108, China.
| | - Yijia Li
- College of Biological Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350116, PR China; Institute of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350116, PR China
| | - Qingxian Li
- College of Biological Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350116, PR China; Institute of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350116, PR China
| | - Xianai Shi
- College of Biological Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350116, PR China; Institute of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350116, PR China; Fujian Key Lab of Medical Instrument and Pharmaceutical Technology, Fuzhou University. Fuzhou, Fujian, 350108, China.
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Ayinde KS, Olaoba OT, Ibrahim B, Lei D, Lu Q, Yin X, Adelusi TI. AMPK allostery: A therapeutic target for the management/treatment of diabetic nephropathy. Life Sci 2020; 261:118455. [PMID: 32956662 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.118455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2020] [Revised: 09/08/2020] [Accepted: 09/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a chronic complication of diabetes mellitus (DM) with approximately 30-40% of patients with DM developing nephropathy, and it is the leading cause of end-stage renal diseases and diabetic morbidity. The pathogenesis of DN is primarily associated with irregularities in the metabolism of glucose and lipid leading to hyperglycemia-induced oxidative stress, which has been a major target together with blood pressure regulation in the control of DN progression. However, the regulation of 5' adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK), a highly conserved protein kinase for maintaining energy balance and cellular growth and repair has been implicated in the development of DM and its complications. Therefore, targeting AMPK pathway has been explored as a therapeutic strategy for the treatment of diabetes and its complication, although most of the mechanisms have not been fully elucidated. In this review, we discuss the structure of AMPK relevant to understanding its allosteric regulation and its role in the pathogenesis and progression of DN. We also identify therapeutic agents that modulate AMPK and its downstream targets with their specific mechanisms of action in the treatment of DN.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Olamide Tosin Olaoba
- Laboratory of Functional and Structural Biochemistry, Federal University of Sao Carlos, Sao Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Boyenle Ibrahim
- Computational Biology/Drug Discovery Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, Nigeria
| | - Du Lei
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, China
| | - Qian Lu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, China
| | - Xiaoxing Yin
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, China
| | - Temitope Isaac Adelusi
- Computational Biology/Drug Discovery Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, Nigeria; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, China.
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Pinkosky SL, Scott JW, Desjardins EM, Smith BK, Day EA, Ford RJ, Langendorf CG, Ling NXY, Nero TL, Loh K, Galic S, Hoque A, Smiles WJ, Ngoei KRW, Parker MW, Yan Y, Melcher K, Kemp BE, Oakhill JS, Steinberg GR. Long-chain fatty acyl-CoA esters regulate metabolism via allosteric control of AMPK β1 isoforms. Nat Metab 2020; 2:873-881. [PMID: 32719536 PMCID: PMC7502547 DOI: 10.1038/s42255-020-0245-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2020] [Accepted: 06/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Long-chain fatty acids (LCFAs) play important roles in cellular energy metabolism, acting as both an important energy source and signalling molecules1. LCFA-CoA esters promote their own oxidation by acting as allosteric inhibitors of acetyl-CoA carboxylase, which reduces the production of malonyl-CoA and relieves inhibition of carnitine palmitoyl-transferase 1, thereby promoting LCFA-CoA transport into the mitochondria for β-oxidation2-6. Here we report a new level of regulation wherein LCFA-CoA esters per se allosterically activate AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) β1-containing isoforms to increase fatty acid oxidation through phosphorylation of acetyl-CoA carboxylase. Activation of AMPK by LCFA-CoA esters requires the allosteric drug and metabolite site formed between the α-subunit kinase domain and the β-subunit. β1 subunit mutations that inhibit AMPK activation by the small-molecule activator A769662, which binds to the allosteric drug and metabolite site, also inhibit activation by LCFA-CoAs. Thus, LCFA-CoA metabolites act as direct endogenous AMPK β1-selective activators and promote LCFA oxidation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen L Pinkosky
- Centre for Metabolism, Obesity and Diabetes Research and the Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - John W Scott
- Protein Chemistry & Metabolism, St Vincent's Institute of Medical Research, School of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Fitzroy, Victoria, Australia
- Mary MacKillop Institute for Health Research, Australian Catholic University, Fitzroy, Victoria, Australia
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Eric M Desjardins
- Centre for Metabolism, Obesity and Diabetes Research and the Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Brennan K Smith
- Centre for Metabolism, Obesity and Diabetes Research and the Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Emily A Day
- Centre for Metabolism, Obesity and Diabetes Research and the Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Rebecca J Ford
- Centre for Metabolism, Obesity and Diabetes Research and the Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Christopher G Langendorf
- Protein Chemistry & Metabolism, St Vincent's Institute of Medical Research, School of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Fitzroy, Victoria, Australia
| | - Naomi X Y Ling
- Metabolic Signalling Laboratory, St Vincent's Institute of Medical Research, School of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Fitzroy, Victoria, Australia
| | - Tracy L Nero
- ACRF Rational Drug Discovery Centre, St. Vincent's Institute of Medical Research, School of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Fitzroy, Victoria, Australia
- Structural Biology and Computational Design Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Kim Loh
- Protein Chemistry & Metabolism, St Vincent's Institute of Medical Research, School of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Fitzroy, Victoria, Australia
| | - Sandra Galic
- Protein Chemistry & Metabolism, St Vincent's Institute of Medical Research, School of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Fitzroy, Victoria, Australia
| | - Ashfaqul Hoque
- Metabolic Signalling Laboratory, St Vincent's Institute of Medical Research, School of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Fitzroy, Victoria, Australia
| | - William J Smiles
- Metabolic Signalling Laboratory, St Vincent's Institute of Medical Research, School of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Fitzroy, Victoria, Australia
| | - Kevin R W Ngoei
- Protein Chemistry & Metabolism, St Vincent's Institute of Medical Research, School of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Fitzroy, Victoria, Australia
| | - Michael W Parker
- ACRF Rational Drug Discovery Centre, St. Vincent's Institute of Medical Research, School of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Fitzroy, Victoria, Australia
- Structural Biology and Computational Design Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Yan Yan
- Center for Cancer and Cell Biology, Structural Biology Program, Van Andel Research Institute, Grand Rapids, MI, USA
| | - Karsten Melcher
- Center for Cancer and Cell Biology, Structural Biology Program, Van Andel Research Institute, Grand Rapids, MI, USA
| | - Bruce E Kemp
- Protein Chemistry & Metabolism, St Vincent's Institute of Medical Research, School of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Fitzroy, Victoria, Australia
- Mary MacKillop Institute for Health Research, Australian Catholic University, Fitzroy, Victoria, Australia
| | - Jonathan S Oakhill
- Mary MacKillop Institute for Health Research, Australian Catholic University, Fitzroy, Victoria, Australia.
- Metabolic Signalling Laboratory, St Vincent's Institute of Medical Research, School of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Fitzroy, Victoria, Australia.
| | - Gregory R Steinberg
- Centre for Metabolism, Obesity and Diabetes Research and the Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.
- Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.
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Siriwardena SU, Munkanatta Godage DNP, Shoba VM, Lai S, Shi M, Wu P, Chaudhary SK, Schreiber SL, Choudhary A. Phosphorylation-Inducing Chimeric Small Molecules. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:14052-14057. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c05537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sachini U. Siriwardena
- Chemical Biology and Therapeutics Science, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, United States
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Dhanushka N. P. Munkanatta Godage
- Chemical Biology and Therapeutics Science, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, United States
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Veronika M. Shoba
- Chemical Biology and Therapeutics Science, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, United States
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Sophia Lai
- Chemical Biology and Therapeutics Science, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, United States
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, 12 Oxford Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
| | - Mengchao Shi
- Chemical Biology and Therapeutics Science, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, United States
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
- Divisions of Renal Medicine and Engineering, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Peng Wu
- Chemical Biology and Therapeutics Science, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, United States
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
- Divisions of Renal Medicine and Engineering, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Santosh K. Chaudhary
- Chemical Biology and Therapeutics Science, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, United States
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Stuart L. Schreiber
- Chemical Biology and Therapeutics Science, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, United States
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, 12 Oxford Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
| | - Amit Choudhary
- Chemical Biology and Therapeutics Science, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, United States
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
- Divisions of Renal Medicine and Engineering, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
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Sun G, You Y, Li H, Cheng Y, Qian M, Zhou X, Yuan H, Xu QL, Dai L, Wang P, Cheng K, Wen X, Chen C. Discovery of AdipoRon analogues as novel AMPK activators without inhibiting mitochondrial complex I. Eur J Med Chem 2020; 200:112466. [PMID: 32512485 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2020.112466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2020] [Revised: 05/12/2020] [Accepted: 05/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Activation of AMPK emerges as a potential therapeutic approach to metabolic diseases. AdipoRon is claimed to be an adiponectin receptor agonist that activates AMPK through adiponectin receptor 1 (AdipoR1). However, AdipoRon also exhibits moderate inhibition of mitochondrial complex I, leading to increased risk of lactic acidosis. In order to find novel AdipoRon analogues that activate AMPK without inhibition of complex I, 27 analogues of AdipoRon were designed, synthesized and biologically evaluated. As results, benzyloxy arylamide B10 was identified as a potent AMPK activator without inhibition of complex I. B10 dose-dependently improved glucose tolerance in normal mice, and significantly lowered fasting blood glucose level and ameliorated insulin resistance in db/db diabetic mice. More importantly, unlike the pan-AMPK activator MK-8722, B10 did not cause cardiac hypertrophy, probably owing to its selective activation of AMPK in the muscle tissue but not in the heart tissue. Together, B10 represents a novel class of AMPK activators with promising therapeutic potential against metabolic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geng Sun
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Discovery for Metabolic Disease, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Yanping You
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Discovery for Metabolic Disease, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Haobin Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Discovery for Metabolic Disease, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Yalong Cheng
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Discovery for Metabolic Disease, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Ming Qian
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Discovery for Metabolic Disease, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Xinyu Zhou
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Discovery for Metabolic Disease, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Haoliang Yuan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Discovery for Metabolic Disease, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Qing-Long Xu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Discovery for Metabolic Disease, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Liang Dai
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Discovery for Metabolic Disease, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Pengfei Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Discovery for Metabolic Disease, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Keguang Cheng
- State Key Laboratory for the Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, School of Chemistry and Pharmacy of Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, 541004, China
| | - Xiaoan Wen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Discovery for Metabolic Disease, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China.
| | - Caiping Chen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Discovery for Metabolic Disease, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China.
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Santana R, Zuluaga R, Gañán P, Arrasate S, Onieva Caracuel E, González-Díaz H. PTML Model of ChEMBL Compounds Assays for Vitamin Derivatives. ACS COMBINATORIAL SCIENCE 2020; 22:129-141. [PMID: 32011854 DOI: 10.1021/acscombsci.9b00166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Determining the biological activity of vitamin derivatives is needed given that organic synthesis of analogs of vitamins is an active field of interest for medicinal chemistry, pharmaceuticals, and food additives. Accordingly, scientists from different disciplines perform preclinical assays (nij) with a considerable combination of assay conditions (cj). Indeed, the ChEMBL platform contains a database that includes results from 36 220 different biological activity bioassays of 21 240 different vitamins and vitamin derivatives. These assays present are heterogeneous in terms of assay combinations of cj. They are focused on >500 different biological activity parameters (c0), >340 different targets (c1), >6200 types of cell (c2), >120 organisms of assay (c3), and >60 assay strains (c4). It includes a total of >1850 niacin assays, >1580 tretinoin assays, >1580 retinol assays, 857 ascorbic acid assays, etc. Given the complexity of this combinatorial data in terms of being assimilated by researchers, we propose to build a model by combining perturbation theory (PT) and machine learning (ML). Through this study, we propose a PTML (PT + ML) combinatorial model for ChEMBL results on biological activity of vitamins and vitamins derivatives. The linear discriminant analysis (LDA) model presented the following results for training subset a: specificity (%) = 90.38, sensitivity (%) = 87.51, and accuracy (%) = 89.89. The model showed the following results for the external validation subset: specificity (%) = 90.58, sensitivity (%) = 87.72, and accuracy (%) = 90.09. Different types of linear and nonlinear PTML models, such as logistic regression (LR), classification tree (CT), näive Bayes (NB), and random Forest (RF), were applied to contrast the capacity of prediction. The PTML-LDA model predicts with more accuracy by applying combinatorial descriptors. In addition, a PCA experiment with chemical structure descriptors allowed us to characterize the high structural diversity of the chemical space studied. In any case, PTML models using chemical structure descriptors do not improve the performance of the PTML-LDA model based on ALOGP and PSA. We can conclude that the three variable PTML-LDA model is a simplified and adaptable tool for the prediction, for different experiment combinations, the biological activity of derivative vitamins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo Santana
- DeustoTech-Fundación Deusto, Avda. Universidades, 24, 48007 Bilbao, Spain
- Grupo de Investigación sobre Nuevos Materiales, Universidad Pontificia Bolivariana UPB, 050031, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Robin Zuluaga
- Facultad de Ingeniería Agroindustrial, Universidad Pontificia Bolivariana UPB, 050031, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Piedad Gañán
- Facultad de Ingeniería Química, Universidad Pontificia Bolivariana UPB, 050031, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Sonia Arrasate
- Department of Organic Chemistry II, University of Basque Country UPV/EHU, 48940, Leioa, Spain
| | | | - Humbert González-Díaz
- Department of Organic Chemistry II, University of Basque Country UPV/EHU, 48940, Leioa, Spain
- IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, 48011, Bilbao, Spain
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Zheng B, Peng Y, Wu W, Ma J, Zhang Y, Guo Y, Sun S, Chen Z, Li Q, Hu G. Synthesis and structure-activity relationships of pyrazolo-[3,4-b]pyridine derivatives as adenosine 5'-monophosphate-activated protein kinase activators. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 2020; 352:e1900066. [PMID: 31373047 DOI: 10.1002/ardp.201900066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2019] [Revised: 04/22/2019] [Accepted: 05/01/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
A series of pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridine derivatives were designed, synthesized, and evaluated for their activation activity toward adenosine 5'-monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK). According to the enzyme activity, the pyrazole N-H exposure and para substitution on the diphenyl group were proved to be essential for the activation potency. Compound 17f showed equal activation compared with A-769662. In the molecular modeling study, compound 17f exhibited important hydrogen bond interaction with Lys29, Asp88, and Arg83. 3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assays on the NRK-49F cell line showed that potent enzyme activators could effectively inhibit cell proliferation, especially for 17f (EC50 [AMPKα1γ1β1] = 0.42 μM, efficacy = 79%; IC50 [NRK-49F cell line] = 0.78 μM). These results might provide new insights to explore novel AMPK activators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bifeng Zheng
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yajun Peng
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Weihong Wu
- Department of Pharmacy, Shandong Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Junlong Ma
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yuzhao Zhang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yu Guo
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Shengjie Sun
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Zhuo Chen
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Qianbin Li
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Gaoyun Hu
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
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Romero FA, Jones CT, Xu Y, Fenaux M, Halcomb RL. The Race to Bash NASH: Emerging Targets and Drug Development in a Complex Liver Disease. J Med Chem 2020; 63:5031-5073. [PMID: 31930920 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.9b01701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is a severe form of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) characterized by liver steatosis, inflammation, and hepatocellular damage. NASH is a serious condition that can progress to cirrhosis, liver failure, and hepatocellular carcinoma. The association of NASH with obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and dyslipidemia has led to an emerging picture of NASH as the liver manifestation of metabolic syndrome. Although diet and exercise can dramatically improve NASH outcomes, significant lifestyle changes can be challenging to sustain. Pharmaceutical therapies could be an important addition to care, but currently none are approved for NASH. Here, we review the most promising targets for NASH treatment, along with the most advanced therapeutics in development. These include targets involved in metabolism (e.g., sugar, lipid, and cholesterol metabolism), inflammation, and fibrosis. Ultimately, combination therapies addressing multiple aspects of NASH pathogenesis are expected to provide benefit for patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Anthony Romero
- Terns Pharmaceuticals, 1065 E. Hillsdale Blvd., Suite 100, Foster City, California 94404, United States
| | - Christopher T Jones
- Terns Pharmaceuticals, 1065 E. Hillsdale Blvd., Suite 100, Foster City, California 94404, United States
| | - Yingzi Xu
- Terns Pharmaceuticals, 1065 E. Hillsdale Blvd., Suite 100, Foster City, California 94404, United States
| | - Martijn Fenaux
- Terns Pharmaceuticals, 1065 E. Hillsdale Blvd., Suite 100, Foster City, California 94404, United States
| | - Randall L Halcomb
- Terns Pharmaceuticals, 1065 E. Hillsdale Blvd., Suite 100, Foster City, California 94404, United States
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Madhavi Y, Gaikwad N, Yerra VG, Kalvala AK, Nanduri S, Kumar A. Targeting AMPK in Diabetes and Diabetic Complications: Energy Homeostasis, Autophagy and Mitochondrial Health. Curr Med Chem 2019; 26:5207-5229. [DOI: 10.2174/0929867325666180406120051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2017] [Revised: 02/16/2018] [Accepted: 03/27/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Adenosine 5′-monophosphate activated protein kinase (AMPK) is a key enzymatic protein involved
in linking the energy sensing to the metabolic manipulation. It is a serine/threonine kinase activated
by several upstream kinases. AMPK is a heterotrimeric protein complex regulated by AMP, ADP, and
ATP allosterically. AMPK is ubiquitously expressed in various tissues of the living system such as heart,
kidney, liver, brain and skeletal muscles. Thus malfunctioning of AMPK is expected to harbor several
human pathologies especially diseases associated with metabolic and mitochondrial dysfunction. AMPK
activators including synthetic derivatives and several natural products that have been found to show therapeutic
relief in several animal models of disease. AMP, 5-Aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide riboside (AICA
riboside) and A769662 are important activators of AMPK which have potential therapeutic importance
in diabetes and diabetic complications. AMPK modulation has shown beneficial effects against
diabetes, cardiovascular complications and diabetic neuropathy. The major impact of AMPK modulation
ensures healthy functioning of mitochondria and energy homeostasis in addition to maintaining a strict
check on inflammatory processes, autophagy and apoptosis. Structural studies on AMP and AICAR suggest
that the free amino group is imperative for AMPK stimulation. A769662, a non-nucleoside
thienopyridone compound which resulted from the lead optimization studies on A-592107 and several
other related compound is reported to exhibit a promising effect on diabetes and its complications through
activation of AMPK. Subsequent to the discovery of A769662, several thienopyridones,
hydroxybiphenyls pyrrolopyridones have been reported as AMPK modulators. The review will explore
the structure-function relationships of these analogues and the prospect of targeting AMPK in diabetes
and diabetic complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y.V. Madhavi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Process Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER) Hyderabad, Balanagar, Telangana, India
| | - Nikhil Gaikwad
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Process Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER) Hyderabad, Balanagar, Telangana, India
| | - Veera Ganesh Yerra
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER) Hyderabad, Balanagar, Telangana, India
| | - Anil Kumar Kalvala
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER) Hyderabad, Balanagar, Telangana, India
| | - Srinivas Nanduri
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Process Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER) Hyderabad, Balanagar, Telangana, India
| | - Ashutosh Kumar
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER) Hyderabad, Balanagar, Telangana, India
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Wang JT, Peng JG, Zhang JQ, Wang ZX, Zhang Y, Zhou XR, Miao J, Tang L. Novel berberine-based derivatives with potent hypoglycemic activity. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2019; 29:126709. [PMID: 31629632 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2019.126709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2019] [Revised: 08/30/2019] [Accepted: 09/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Four series of berberine derivatives were designed and synthesized. All the synthetic compounds were screened for in vitro glucose consumption activity in HepG2 cell lines. The results showed that most of the tested compounds exhibited potent hypoglycemic activity, and the most potent compound 20b exhibited its potency by 3.23-fold of berberine, 1.39-fold of metformin and 1.20-fold of rosiglitazone, respectively. Western blot assay indicated these novel berberine-based derivatives executed their glucose-decreasing activity via the activation of AMPK pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Ta Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, School of Pharmacy, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, China; School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, China; Guizhou Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Chemical Drug R&D, Guiyang 550004, China
| | - Jin-Gang Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, School of Pharmacy, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, China
| | - Ji-Quan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, School of Pharmacy, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, China; Guizhou Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Chemical Drug R&D, Guiyang 550004, China
| | - Zhong-Xiao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, School of Pharmacy, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, School of Pharmacy, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, China; Guizhou Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Chemical Drug R&D, Guiyang 550004, China
| | - Xun-Rong Zhou
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Chinese Traditional Medicine University, Guiyang 550001, China
| | - Jing Miao
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, School of Pharmacy, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, China
| | - Lei Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, School of Pharmacy, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, China; Guizhou Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Chemical Drug R&D, Guiyang 550004, China.
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47
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Janeček Š, Mareček F, MacGregor EA, Svensson B. Starch-binding domains as CBM families-history, occurrence, structure, function and evolution. Biotechnol Adv 2019; 37:107451. [PMID: 31536775 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2019.107451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2019] [Revised: 08/01/2019] [Accepted: 09/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
The term "starch-binding domain" (SBD) has been applied to a domain within an amylolytic enzyme that gave the enzyme the ability to bind onto raw, i.e. thermally untreated, granular starch. An SBD is a special case of a carbohydrate-binding domain, which in general, is a structurally and functionally independent protein module exhibiting no enzymatic activity but possessing potential to target the catalytic domain to the carbohydrate substrate to accommodate it and process it at the active site. As so-called families, SBDs together with other carbohydrate-binding modules (CBMs) have become an integral part of the CAZy database (http://www.cazy.org/). The first two well-described SBDs, i.e. the C-terminal Aspergillus-type and the N-terminal Rhizopus-type have been assigned the families CBM20 and CBM21, respectively. Currently, among the 85 established CBM families in CAZy, fifteen can be considered as families having SBD functional characteristics: CBM20, 21, 25, 26, 34, 41, 45, 48, 53, 58, 68, 69, 74, 82 and 83. All known SBDs, with the exception of the extra long CBM74, were recognized as a module consisting of approximately 100 residues, adopting a β-sandwich fold and possessing at least one carbohydrate-binding site. The present review aims to deliver and describe: (i) the SBD identification in different amylolytic and related enzymes (e.g., CAZy GH families) as well as in other relevant enzymes and proteins (e.g., laforin, the β-subunit of AMPK, and others); (ii) information on the position in the polypeptide chain and the number of SBD copies and their CBM family affiliation (if appropriate); (iii) structure/function studies of SBDs with a special focus on solved tertiary structures, in particular, as complexes with α-glucan ligands; and (iv) the evolutionary relationships of SBDs in a tree common to all SBD CBM families (except for the extra long CBM74). Finally, some special cases and novel potential SBDs are also introduced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Štefan Janeček
- Laboratory of Protein Evolution, Institute of Molecular Biology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská cesta 21, SK-84551 Bratislava, Slovakia; Department of Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of SS. Cyril and Methodius, Nám. J. Herdu 2, SK-91701 Trnava, Slovakia.
| | - Filip Mareček
- Laboratory of Protein Evolution, Institute of Molecular Biology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská cesta 21, SK-84551 Bratislava, Slovakia; Department of Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of SS. Cyril and Methodius, Nám. J. Herdu 2, SK-91701 Trnava, Slovakia
| | - E Ann MacGregor
- 2 Nicklaus Green, Livingston EH54 8RX, West Lothian, United Kingdom
| | - Birte Svensson
- Enzyme and Protein Chemistry, Department of Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Technical University of Denmark, Søltofts Plads, Building 224, DK-2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
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48
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Francini F, Schinella GR, Ríos JL. Activation of AMPK by Medicinal Plants and Natural Products: Its Role in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Mini Rev Med Chem 2019; 19:880-901. [PMID: 30484403 DOI: 10.2174/1389557519666181128120726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2018] [Revised: 07/04/2018] [Accepted: 11/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Type-2 Diabetes (T2D) is a metabolic disease characterized by permanent hyperglycemia, whose development can be prevented or delayed by using therapeutic agents and implementing lifestyle changes. Some therapeutic alternatives include regulation of glycemia through modulation of different mediators and enzymes, such as AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), a highly relevant cellular energy sensor for metabolic homeostasis regulation, with particular relevance in the modulation of liver and muscle insulin sensitivity. This makes it a potential therapeutic target for antidiabetic drugs. In fact, some of them are standard drugs used for treatment of T2D, such as biguanides and thiazolidindiones. In this review, we compile the principal natural products that are activators of AMPK and their effect on glucose metabolism, which could make them candidates as future antidiabetic agents. Phenolics such as flavonoids and resveratrol, alkaloids such as berberine, and some saponins are potential natural activators of AMPK with a potential future as antidiabetic drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flavio Francini
- Centro de Endocrinologia Experimental y Aplicada, (CONICET-CCT La Plata-UNLP FCM, CEAS CICPBA), Argentina
| | - Guillermo R Schinella
- Cátedra de Farmacología Básica, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Argentina.,Comisión de Investigaciones Científicas de la Provincia de Buenos Aires, La Plata, Argentina
| | - José-Luis Ríos
- Departament de Farmacologia, Facultat de Farmacia, Universitat de Valencia, Valencia, Spain
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49
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Li X, Xie W, Wang X, Huang Z, Bian X, Wang K, Sun Q. Chemical conversion of nicotinamide into type I positive allosteric modulator of α7 nAChRs. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2019; 29:1928-1933. [PMID: 31153804 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2019.05.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2019] [Revised: 05/08/2019] [Accepted: 05/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Structural modifications of nicotinamide, a form of vitamin B3, gave rise to a series of compounds (8aa-8ce) that exhibit activities as type I positive allosteric modulators (PAMs) of human α7 nAChR expressed in Xenopus oocytes in two-electrode voltage clamp assay. The compound 8ai was a potent and efficacious PAM with an EC50 = 3.34 ± 1.13 μM and the maximum activation effect of α7 current over 1474 ± 246% in the presence of acetylcholine (100 μM). It is highly specific to α7 nAChR over other subtypes of nAChR and 5-HT3A receptors. The structure-activity relationship analysis identified a key skeleton of nicotinamide nucleus critical for biological activity. Taken together, the 8ai as a type I PAM of α7 nAChR may be beneficial for improvement of cognitive deficit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Wenjun Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China; Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Xintong Wang
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Zongze Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Xiling Bian
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - KeWei Wang
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China; Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266021, China.
| | - Qi Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China.
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50
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Chen RR, Yung MMH, Xuan Y, Zhan S, Leung LL, Liang RR, Leung THY, Yang H, Xu D, Sharma R, Chan KKL, Ngu SF, Ngan HYS, Chan DW. Targeting of lipid metabolism with a metabolic inhibitor cocktail eradicates peritoneal metastases in ovarian cancer cells. Commun Biol 2019; 2:281. [PMID: 31372520 PMCID: PMC6668395 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-019-0508-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2018] [Accepted: 06/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer is an intra-abdominal tumor in which the presence of ascites facilitates metastatic dissemination, and associated with poor prognosis. However, the significance of metabolic alterations in ovarian cancer cells in the ascites microenvironment remains unclear. Here we show ovarian cancer cells exhibited increased aggressiveness in ascites microenvironment via reprogramming of lipid metabolism. High lipid metabolic activities are found in ovarian cancer cells when cultured in the ascites microenvironment, indicating a metabolic shift from aerobic glycolysis to β-oxidation and lipogenesis. The reduced AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) activity due to the feedback effect of high energy production led to the activation of its downstream signaling, which in turn, enhanced the cancer growth. The combined treatment of low toxic AMPK activators, the transforming growth factor beta-activated kinase 1 (TAK1) and fatty acid synthase (FASN) inhibitors synergistically impair oncogenic augmentation of ovarian cancer. Collectively, targeting lipid metabolism signaling axis impede ovarian cancer peritoneal metastases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rain R. Chen
- The University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Institute of Research and Innovation (HKU-SIRI), Shenzhen, P. R. China
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, P. R. China
| | - Mingo M. H. Yung
- The University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Institute of Research and Innovation (HKU-SIRI), Shenzhen, P. R. China
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, P. R. China
| | - Yang Xuan
- The University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Institute of Research and Innovation (HKU-SIRI), Shenzhen, P. R. China
| | - Shijie Zhan
- The University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Institute of Research and Innovation (HKU-SIRI), Shenzhen, P. R. China
| | - Leanne L. Leung
- The University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Institute of Research and Innovation (HKU-SIRI), Shenzhen, P. R. China
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, P. R. China
| | - Rachel R. Liang
- The University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Institute of Research and Innovation (HKU-SIRI), Shenzhen, P. R. China
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, P. R. China
| | - Thomas H. Y. Leung
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, P. R. China
| | - Huijuan Yang
- Department of Gynecological Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032 P.R. China
| | - Dakang Xu
- Faculty of Medical Laboratory Science, Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200030 P.R. China
| | - Rakesh Sharma
- Proteomics & Metabolomics Core Facility, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, P. R. China
| | - Karen K. L. Chan
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, P. R. China
| | - Siew-Fei Ngu
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, P. R. China
| | - Hextan Y. S. Ngan
- The University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Institute of Research and Innovation (HKU-SIRI), Shenzhen, P. R. China
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, P. R. China
| | - David W. Chan
- The University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Institute of Research and Innovation (HKU-SIRI), Shenzhen, P. R. China
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, P. R. China
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