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Wu X, Zhou L, Li Z, Rong K, Gao S, Chen Y, Zuo J, Tang W. Arylacryl amides: Design, synthesis and the protection against cisplatin-induced acute kidney injury via TLR4/STING/NF-κB pathway. Bioorg Chem 2024; 146:107303. [PMID: 38521012 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2024.107303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2024] [Revised: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/25/2024]
Abstract
Arylpropionic ester scaffold was found as anti-inflammatory agents for the treatment and prevention of acute kidney injury (AKI). To further study the structure-activity relationship (SAR) of this scaffold, a series of acryl amides were designed, synthesized, and evaluated their anti-inflammation. Of these, compound 9d displayed the protective effect on renal tubular epithelial cells to significantly enhance the survival rate through inhibiting NF-κB phosphorylation and promoting cell proliferation in cisplatin-induced HK2 cells. Furthermore, 9d can interact with TLR4 to inhibit TLR4/STING/NF-κB pathway in the RAW264.7 cell. In vivo AKI mice model, 9d significantly downregulated the level of serum creatinine (Scr), blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and the inflammatory factors (IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α) to improve kidney function. Morphological and KIM-1 analyses showed that 9d alleviated cisplatin-induced tubular damage. In a word, 9d was a promising lead compound for preventive and therapeutic of AKI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoming Wu
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Diseases, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Long Zhou
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Diseases, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Ziyun Li
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Diseases, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Kuanrong Rong
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Diseases, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Shan Gao
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Diseases, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Yun Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Diseases, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Jiawei Zuo
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230011, China.
| | - Wenjian Tang
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Diseases, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China.
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2
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Naini AA, Mayanti T, Maharani R, Harneti D, Nurlelasari, Farabi K, Fajriah S, Hilmayanti E, Kabayama K, Shimoyama A, Manabe Y, Fukase K, Jungsuttiwong S, Prescott TAK, Supratman U. Paraxylines A-G: Highly oxygenated preurianin-type limonoids with immunomodulatory TLR4 and cytotoxic activities from the stem bark of Dysoxylum parasiticum. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2024; 220:114009. [PMID: 38342289 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2024.114009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Revised: 01/28/2024] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/13/2024]
Abstract
Seven previously undescribed preurianin-type limonoids, namely paraxylines A-G, and three known analogs were isolated from stem bark of Dysoxylum parasiticum. The structures, including absolute configurations, were established through spectroscopic analyses, quantum chemical calculations using the density functional theory method, as well as the DP4+ algorithm. Paraxylines A-G were identified as the first preurianin-type with full substitution at C, D-rings, leading to the highly oxygenated seco-limonoids skeleton. The secreted alkaline phosphate assay against an engineered human and murine TLR4 of HEK-Blue cells was performed to evaluate the immune regulating effects. Among them, paraxyline B was found to be a remarkable TLR4 agonist whereas two analogs (toonapubesins A and B) were found to antagonise lipopolysaccharide stimulation of the TLR4 pathway. Paraxylines A and C-E acted either as agonists or antagonists depending on the origin of the TLR4 receptor (human or mouse). The effect of these selected compounds on the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-α, IL-1α, IL-1β, and IL-6 of the NF-κB signaling pathway were examined in macrophage cell lines, revealing dose-dependent effects. Additionally, paraxylines A, C, D, and G also presented modest cytotoxic activity against MCF-7 and HeLa cell lines with IC50 values ranging from 23.1 to 43.5 μM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Al Arofatus Naini
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor, 45363, Sumedang, West Java, Indonesia; Central Laboratory, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor, 45363, Sumedang, West Java, Indonesia
| | - Tri Mayanti
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor, 45363, Sumedang, West Java, Indonesia; Study Centre of Natural Product Chemistry and Synthesis, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor, 45363, Sumedang, West Java, Indonesia
| | - Rani Maharani
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor, 45363, Sumedang, West Java, Indonesia; Study Centre of Natural Product Chemistry and Synthesis, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor, 45363, Sumedang, West Java, Indonesia
| | - Desi Harneti
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor, 45363, Sumedang, West Java, Indonesia; Study Centre of Natural Product Chemistry and Synthesis, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor, 45363, Sumedang, West Java, Indonesia
| | - Nurlelasari
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor, 45363, Sumedang, West Java, Indonesia; Study Centre of Natural Product Chemistry and Synthesis, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor, 45363, Sumedang, West Java, Indonesia
| | - Kindi Farabi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor, 45363, Sumedang, West Java, Indonesia; Study Centre of Natural Product Chemistry and Synthesis, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor, 45363, Sumedang, West Java, Indonesia
| | - Sofa Fajriah
- Research Center for Pharmaceutical Ingredients and Traditional Medicine, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Cibinong Science Center Complex - BRIN, Cibinong, 16911, Bogor, West Java, Indonesia
| | - Erina Hilmayanti
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, 1-1 Machikaneyama-cho, Toyonaka, Osaka, 560-0043, Japan
| | - Kazuya Kabayama
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, 1-1 Machikaneyama-cho, Toyonaka, Osaka, 560-0043, Japan
| | - Atsushi Shimoyama
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, 1-1 Machikaneyama-cho, Toyonaka, Osaka, 560-0043, Japan
| | - Yoshiyuki Manabe
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, 1-1 Machikaneyama-cho, Toyonaka, Osaka, 560-0043, Japan
| | - Koichi Fukase
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, 1-1 Machikaneyama-cho, Toyonaka, Osaka, 560-0043, Japan
| | - Sirriporn Jungsuttiwong
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ubon Ratchathani University, Ubon Ratchathani, 34190, Thailand
| | | | - Unang Supratman
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor, 45363, Sumedang, West Java, Indonesia; Central Laboratory, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor, 45363, Sumedang, West Java, Indonesia.
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3
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Bi S, Jing Y, Cui X, Gong Y, Zhang J, Feng X, Shi Z, Zheng Q, Li D. A novel polysaccharide isolated from Coriolus versicolor polarizes M2 macrophages into an M1 phenotype and reversesits immunosuppressive effect on tumor microenvironment. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 259:129352. [PMID: 38218293 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.129352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Revised: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/07/2024] [Indexed: 01/15/2024]
Abstract
Converting M2 macrophages into an M1 phenotype in the tumor microenvironment, provides a new direction for tumor treatment. Here, we further report CVPW-1, a new polysaccharide of 1.03 × 106 Da that was isolated from Coriolus versicolor. Its monosaccharide was composed of mannose, glucose, and galactose at a ratio of 1.00:8.73:1.68. The backbone of CVPW-1 was composed of (1 → 3)-linked α-D-Glcp residues and (1 → 3,6)-linked α-D-Glcp residues that branched at O-6. The branch consisted of (1 → 6)-linked α-D-Glcp residues and (1 → 4)-linked α-D-Glap, and some branches were terminated with (1→)-linked β-D-Manp residues according to the results of HPLC, FT-IR, GC-MS, 1D and 2D NMR. Meanwhile, CVPW-1 could polarize M2 macrophages to M1 phenotypein vitro by binding to TLR4 and inducing the activation of Akt, JNK and NF-κB. This process involved reversing the functional inhibition of CD8+ T lymphocytes by inhibiting the expression of TREM2 in M2 macrophages. The in vivo experiments showed that oral administration of CVPW-1 could inhibit the growth of tumor in mice and polarize TAMs to M1 phenotype. Thus, the novel polysaccharide CVPW-1 from Coriolus versicolor might activate a variety of immune cells and then play an anti-tumor role. These results demonstrated that CVPW-1 could be developed as a potential immuno-oncology treatment reagent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sixue Bi
- Featured Laboratory for Biosynthesis and Target Discovery of Active Components of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai 264003, Shandong, PR China
| | - Yongshuai Jing
- College of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Hebei University of Science and Technology, Shijiazhuang 050018, Hebei, PR China
| | - Xuehui Cui
- Featured Laboratory for Biosynthesis and Target Discovery of Active Components of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai 264003, Shandong, PR China
| | - Yitong Gong
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai 264003, Shandong, PR China
| | - Junli Zhang
- Yantai Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical University, The Second Clinical Medical College of Binzhou Medical University, Yantai 264100, Shandong, PR China
| | - Xiaofei Feng
- Yantai Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical University, The Second Clinical Medical College of Binzhou Medical University, Yantai 264100, Shandong, PR China
| | - Zhen Shi
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai 264003, Shandong, PR China
| | - Qiusheng Zheng
- Featured Laboratory for Biosynthesis and Target Discovery of Active Components of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai 264003, Shandong, PR China
| | - Defang Li
- Featured Laboratory for Biosynthesis and Target Discovery of Active Components of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai 264003, Shandong, PR China.
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4
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Hilmayanti E, Huang X, Salam S, Nurlelasari, Supratman U, Kabayama K, Fukase K. In Vitro Anti-Inflammatory Study of Limonoids Isolated from Chisocheton Plants. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2024; 46:909-922. [PMID: 38275672 PMCID: PMC10814725 DOI: 10.3390/cimb46010058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Chisocheton plants from the family Meliaceae have traditionally been used to treat several diseases; however, scientific evidence is limited. The most abundant chemical constituents of this plant are the limonoids, which are known for their various biological activities, including anti-inflammatory effects. However, the anti-inflammatory effects and underlying mechanisms of action of the constituents of Chisocheton plants have not been fully explored. In this report, we evaluated the anti-inflammatory activity of 17 limonoid compounds from Chisocheton plant primarily by measuring their inhibitory effects on the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, including TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β, and MCP-1, in LPS-stimulated THP-1 cells using an ELISA assay. Compounds 3, 5, 9, and 14-17 exhibited significant activity in inhibiting the evaluated pro-inflammatory markers, with IC50 values less than 20 µM and a high selectivity index (SI) range. Compounds 3, 5, 9, and 15 significantly suppressed the expression of phosphorylated p38 MAPK in THP-1 cells stimulated with LPS. These findings support the use of limonoids from Chisocheton plants as promising candidates for anti-inflammatory therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erina Hilmayanti
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, Toyonaka 560-0043, Japan
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor 45363, Indonesia
| | - Xuhao Huang
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, Toyonaka 560-0043, Japan
| | - Supriatno Salam
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Mulawarman, Samarinda 75123, Indonesia
| | - Nurlelasari
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor 45363, Indonesia
| | - Unang Supratman
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor 45363, Indonesia
- Central Laboratory, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor 45363, Indonesia
| | - Kazuya Kabayama
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, Toyonaka 560-0043, Japan
- Project Research Center for Fundamental Sciences, Osaka University, Toyonaka 560-0043, Japan
| | - Koichi Fukase
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, Toyonaka 560-0043, Japan
- Project Research Center for Fundamental Sciences, Osaka University, Toyonaka 560-0043, Japan
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5
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Romerio A, Peri F. Cleaner synthesis of preclinically validated vaccine adjuvants. Front Chem 2023; 11:1252996. [PMID: 38025058 PMCID: PMC10651716 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2023.1252996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
We developed synthetic glycophospholipids based on a glucosamine core (FP compounds) with potent and selective activity in stimulating Toll-Like Receptor 4 (TLR4) as agonists. These compounds have activity and toxicity profiles similar to the clinically approved adjuvant monophosphoryl lipid A (MPLA), included in several vaccine formulations, and are now in the preclinical phase of development as vaccine adjuvants in collaboration with Croda International PLC. FP compound synthesis is shorter and less expensive than MPLA preparation but presents challenges due to the use of toxic solvents and hazardous intermediates. In this paper we describe the optimization of FP compound synthesis. The use of regio- and chemoselective reactions allowed us to reduce the number of synthesis steps and improve process scalability, overall yield, safety, and Process Mass Intensity (PMI), thus paving the way to the industrial scale-up of the process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessio Romerio
- Department of Biotechnology and Biosciences, Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, Milano, Italy
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6
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Pětrošová H, Mikhael A, Culos S, Giraud-Gatineau A, Gomez AM, Sherman ME, Ernst RK, Cameron CE, Picardeau M, Goodlett DR. Lipid A structural diversity among members of the genus Leptospira. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1181034. [PMID: 37303810 PMCID: PMC10248169 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1181034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Lipid A is the hydrophobic component of bacterial lipopolysaccharide and an activator of the host immune system. Bacteria modify their lipid A structure to adapt to the surrounding environment and, in some cases, to evade recognition by host immune cells. In this study, lipid A structural diversity within the Leptospira genus was explored. The individual Leptospira species have dramatically different pathogenic potential that ranges from non-infectious to life-threatening disease (leptospirosis). Ten distinct lipid A profiles, denoted L1-L10, were discovered across 31 Leptospira reference species, laying a foundation for lipid A-based molecular typing. Tandem MS analysis revealed structural features of Leptospira membrane lipids that might alter recognition of its lipid A by the host innate immune receptors. Results of this study will aid development of strategies to improve diagnosis and surveillance of leptospirosis, as well as guide functional studies on Leptospira lipid A activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helena Pětrošová
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, Canada
- University of Victoria Genome British Columbia Proteomics Center, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, Canada
| | - Abanoub Mikhael
- University of Victoria Genome British Columbia Proteomics Center, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, Canada
| | - Sophie Culos
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, Canada
| | | | - Alloysius M. Gomez
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, Canada
| | - Matthew E. Sherman
- Department of Microbial Pathogenesis, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Robert K. Ernst
- Department of Microbial Pathogenesis, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Caroline E. Cameron
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, Canada
- Department of Medicine, Division of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Mathieu Picardeau
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, CNRS UMR 6047, Biology of Spirochetes Unit, Paris, France
| | - David R. Goodlett
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, Canada
- University of Victoria Genome British Columbia Proteomics Center, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, Canada
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7
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Li ZR, Li R, Pasternack L, Chen P, Wong CH. Chemical Synthesis of a Keto Sugar Nucleotide. J Org Chem 2023. [PMID: 37126664 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.3c00553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Keto sugar nucleotides (KSNs) are common and versatile precursors to various deoxy sugar nucleotides, which are substrates for the corresponding glycosyltransferases involved in the biosynthesis of glycoproteins, glycolipids, and natural products. However, there has been no KSN synthesized chemically due to the inherent instability. Herein, the first chemical synthesis of the archetypal KSN TDP-4-keto-6-deoxy-d-glucose (1) is achieved by an efficient and optimized route, providing feasible access to other KSNs and analogues, thereby opening a new avenue for new applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhong-Rui Li
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - Ruofan Li
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - Laura Pasternack
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - Pengxi Chen
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - Chi-Huey Wong
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
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8
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Li X, Yin L, Liao J, Yang J, Cai B, Yu Y, Su S, Du Z, Li X, Zhou Y, Chen P, Cho WJ, Chattipakorn N, Samorodov AV, Pavlov VN, Zhang F, Liang G, Tang Q. Novel O-benzylcinnamic acid derivative L26 treats acute lung injury in mice by MD-2. Eur J Med Chem 2023; 252:115289. [PMID: 36963290 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2023.115289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Revised: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2023]
Abstract
Acute lung injury (ALI) is an inflammation-mediated respiratory disease that is associated with a high mortality rate. In this study, a series of novel O-benzylcinnamic acid derivatives were designed and synthesized using cinnamic acid as the lead compound. We tested the preliminary anti-inflammatory activity of the compounds by evaluating their effect on inhibiting the activity of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) in Hek-Blue-TLR4 cells, in which compound L26 showed the best activity and 7-fold more active than CIN. ELISA, immunoprecipitation, and molecular docking indicated that L26 targeted MD-2 protein and competed with LPS to bind to MD-2, which resulted in the inhibition of inflammation. In the LPS-induced mouse model of ALI, L26 was found to decrease ALP activity and inflammatory cytokine TNF-α release to reduce lung injury by inhibiting the NF-κB signaling pathway. Acute toxicity experiments showed that high doses of L26 did not cause adverse reactions in mice, and it was safe in vivo. Also, the preliminary pharmacokinetic parameters of L26 were investigated in SD rats (T1/2 = 4.246 h). In summary, L26 exhibited optimal pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic characteristics, which suggested that L26 could serve as a potential agent for the development of ALI treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Li
- Chemical Biology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, Zhejiang, China; Wenzhou Institute, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wenzhou, 325024, Zhejiang, China
| | - Lina Yin
- School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, 311399, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jing Liao
- Chemical Biology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jun Yang
- Chemical Biology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, Zhejiang, China
| | - Binhao Cai
- Chemical Biology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yiming Yu
- Chemical Biology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, Zhejiang, China
| | - Sijia Su
- Chemical Biology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhiteng Du
- Chemical Biology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiaobo Li
- Chemical Biology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ying Zhou
- Chemical Biology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, Zhejiang, China
| | - Pan Chen
- Chemical Biology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, Zhejiang, China; College of Pharmacy, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, South Korea
| | - Won-Jea Cho
- College of Pharmacy, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, South Korea
| | - Nipon Chattipakorn
- Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
| | - Aleksandr V Samorodov
- Department of Pharmacology, Bashkir State Medical University, Ufa City, 450005, Russia
| | - Valentin N Pavlov
- Department of Pharmacology, Bashkir State Medical University, Ufa City, 450005, Russia
| | - Fengzhi Zhang
- Chemical Biology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Guang Liang
- Chemical Biology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, Zhejiang, China; Wenzhou Institute, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wenzhou, 325024, Zhejiang, China; School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, 311399, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Qidong Tang
- Chemical Biology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, Zhejiang, China; Wenzhou Institute, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wenzhou, 325024, Zhejiang, China.
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9
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Zhang J, Sun Y, Sun C, Shang D. The antimicrobial peptide LK2(6)A(L) exhibits anti-inflammatory activity by binding to the myeloid differentiation 2 domain and protects against LPS-induced acute lung injury in mice. Bioorg Chem 2023; 132:106376. [PMID: 36706531 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2023.106376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2022] [Revised: 01/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Acute lung injury (ALI) is a life-threatening disease that is generally attributable to an uncontrolled inflammatory response in the lung, but there is a lack of effective treatments. At present, regulating the inflammatory response has become an important strategy for treating ALI. In the present study, LK2(6)A(L), a peptide derived from the natural antimicrobial peptide temporin-1CEa, inhibited lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced expression of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and NO in RAW264.7 cells. Herein, the anti-inflammatory mechanism of LK2(6)A(L) was investigated. The RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq) results showed that LK2(6)A(L) significantly inhibited the TLR4-mediated NF-κB and MAPK signaling pathways in LPS-induced RAW264.7 cells. The results of co-immunoprecipitation (Co-IP), pull-down experiment, confocal laser scanning microscopy, and surface plasmon resonance (SPR) suggested that MD2 was the direct target of LK2(6)A(L). Chemical inhibition of MD2 and its knockdown abolished the anti-inflammatory effect of LK2(6)A(L). Molecular dynamic simulation indicated that LK2(6)A(L) could bind to the active domain of the MD2 hydrophobic pocket via six hydrogen bonds. The truncated peptides were designed based on analysis of the molecular docking of LK2(6)A(L) to MD2. The truncated peptide IS-7 showed strong affinity to MD2 and a remarkable inhibitory effect on pro-inflammatory factors that was comparable to the effect of LK2(6)A(L). Finally, LK2(6)A(L) and IS-7 relieved inflammatory symptoms and lung tissue destruction in the ALI mouse model. Overall, our study suggested that LK2(6)A(L) showed promising anti-inflammatory activity by targeting MD2, and the amino acid domain 7-13 was an important area that binds with MD2 and also an anti-inflammatory active region. LK2(6)A(L) and IS-7 may be potential new treatments for ALI and other acute inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Zhang
- School of Life Science, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian 116081, China
| | - Yue Sun
- School of Life Science, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian 116081, China; Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Drug Discovery, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian 116081, China
| | - Chengpeng Sun
- College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Dejing Shang
- School of Life Science, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian 116081, China; Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Drug Discovery, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian 116081, China.
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10
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Romerio A, Gotri N, Franco AR, Artusa V, Shaik MM, Pasco ST, Atxabal U, Matamoros-Recio A, Mínguez-Toral M, Zalamea JD, Franconetti A, Abrescia NGA, Jimenez-Barbero J, Anguita J, Martín-Santamaría S, Peri F. New Glucosamine-Based TLR4 Agonists: Design, Synthesis, Mechanism of Action, and In Vivo Activity as Vaccine Adjuvants. J Med Chem 2023; 66:3010-3029. [PMID: 36728697 PMCID: PMC9969399 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.2c01998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
We disclose here a panel of small-molecule TLR4 agonists (the FP20 series) whose structure is derived from previously developed TLR4 ligands (FP18 series). The new molecules have increased chemical stability and a shorter, more efficient, and scalable synthesis. The FP20 series showed selective activity as TLR4 agonists with a potency similar to FP18. Interestingly, despite the chemical similarity with the FP18 series, FP20 showed a different mechanism of action and immunofluorescence microscopy showed no NF-κB nor p-IRF-3 nuclear translocation but rather MAPK and NLRP3-dependent inflammasome activation. The computational studies related a 3D shape of FP20 series with agonist binding properties inside the MD-2 pocket. FP20 displayed a CMC value lower than 5 μM in water, and small unilamellar vesicle (SUV) formation was observed in the biological activity concentration range. FP20 showed no toxicity in mouse vaccination experiments with OVA antigen and induced IgG production, thus indicating a promising adjuvant activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessio Romerio
- Department
of Biotechnology and Biosciences, University
of Milano-Bicocca, Piazza della Scienza, 2, 20126 Milano, Italy
| | - Nicole Gotri
- Department
of Biotechnology and Biosciences, University
of Milano-Bicocca, Piazza della Scienza, 2, 20126 Milano, Italy
| | - Ana Rita Franco
- Department
of Biotechnology and Biosciences, University
of Milano-Bicocca, Piazza della Scienza, 2, 20126 Milano, Italy
| | - Valentina Artusa
- Department
of Biotechnology and Biosciences, University
of Milano-Bicocca, Piazza della Scienza, 2, 20126 Milano, Italy
| | - Mohammed Monsoor Shaik
- Department
of Biotechnology and Biosciences, University
of Milano-Bicocca, Piazza della Scienza, 2, 20126 Milano, Italy
| | - Samuel T. Pasco
- Center
for Cooperative Research in Biosciences (CIC bioGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), 48160 Derio, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - Unai Atxabal
- Center
for Cooperative Research in Biosciences (CIC bioGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), 48160 Derio, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - Alejandra Matamoros-Recio
- Centro
de Investigaciones Biológicas Margarita Salas CSIC, C/Ramiro de Maeztu, 9, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Marina Mínguez-Toral
- Centro
de Investigaciones Biológicas Margarita Salas CSIC, C/Ramiro de Maeztu, 9, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan Diego Zalamea
- Center
for Cooperative Research in Biosciences (CIC bioGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), 48160 Derio, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - Antonio Franconetti
- Center
for Cooperative Research in Biosciences (CIC bioGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), 48160 Derio, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - Nicola G. A. Abrescia
- Center
for Cooperative Research in Biosciences (CIC bioGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), 48160 Derio, Bizkaia, Spain,Ikerbasque,
Basque Foundation for Science, Plaza Euskadi 5, 48009 Bilbao, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - Jesus Jimenez-Barbero
- Center
for Cooperative Research in Biosciences (CIC bioGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), 48160 Derio, Bizkaia, Spain,Ikerbasque,
Basque Foundation for Science, Plaza Euskadi 5, 48009 Bilbao, Bizkaia, Spain,Department
of Organic Chemistry, II Faculty of Science and Technology, EHU-UPV, 48940 Leioa, Spain,Centro
de Investigación Biomédica En Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan Anguita
- Center
for Cooperative Research in Biosciences (CIC bioGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), 48160 Derio, Bizkaia, Spain,Ikerbasque,
Basque Foundation for Science, Plaza Euskadi 5, 48009 Bilbao, Bizkaia, Spain
| | | | - Francesco Peri
- Department
of Biotechnology and Biosciences, University
of Milano-Bicocca, Piazza della Scienza, 2, 20126 Milano, Italy,
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11
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Xiao Y, Yan Y, Du J, Feng X, Zhang F, Han X, Hu Y, Liu X. Novel 2-phenyl-4H-chromen derivatives: synthesis and anti-inflammatory activity evaluation in vitro and in vivo. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2022; 37:2589-2597. [PMID: 36128868 PMCID: PMC9518258 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2022.2124983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
Abstract
It is significant to design, synthesise and optimise flavonoid derivatives with better anti-inflammatory activity. This study aims to design and synthesise a series of novel 2-phenyl-4H-chromen-4-one compounds with anti-inflammatory; among them, compound 8 was discovered as the best one. And then, the effects of compound 8 on the TLR4/MAPK signalling pathway was carried out in vivo, the results indicated that compound 8 could downregulate NO, IL-6, and TNF-α expression, and suppress LPS-induced inflammation by inhibiting the TLR4/MAPK pathways. Furthermore, compound 8 reduced inflammation by a mouse model of LPS-induced inflammatory disease in vivo. The results suggest that compound 8 has the potential against inflammation through regulating TLR4/MAPK pathway and can be assessed further for drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Xiao
- School of Pharmacy, Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, P. R. China
| | - Yaoyao Yan
- School of Pharmacy, Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, P. R. China
| | - Juncheng Du
- School of Pharmacy, Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoxiao Feng
- School of Pharmacy, Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, P. R. China
| | - Famin Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, P. R. China
| | - Xu Han
- School of Pharmacy, Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, P. R. China
| | - Yong Hu
- Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Agricultural Products Processing Institute, Hefei, P. R. China
| | - Xinhua Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, P. R. China
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12
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Sayed AI, Mansour YE, Ali MA, Aly O, Khoder ZM, Said AM, Fatahala SS, Abd El-Hameed RH. Novel pyrrolopyrimidine derivatives: design, synthesis, molecular docking, molecular simulations and biological evaluations as antioxidant and anti-inflammatory agents. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2022; 37:1821-1837. [PMID: 35762086 PMCID: PMC9246196 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2022.2090546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Revised: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Current medical approaches to control the Covid-19 pandemic are either to directly target the SARS-CoV-2 via innovate a defined drug and a safe vaccine or indirectly target the medical complications of the virus. One of the indirect strategies for fighting this virus has been mainly dependent on using anti-inflammatory drugs to control cytokines storm responsible for severe health complications. We revealed the discovery of novel fused pyrrolopyrimidine derivatives as promising antioxidant and anti-inflammatory agents. The newly synthesised compounds were evaluated for their in vitro anti-inflammatory activity using RAW264.7 cells after stimulation with lipopolysaccharides (LPS). The results revealed that 3a, 4b, and 8e were the most potent analogues. Molecular docking and simulations of these compounds against COX-2, TLR-2 and TLR-4 respectively was performed. The former results were in line with the biological data and proved that 3a, 4b and 8e have potential antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amira I. Sayed
- Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Helwan University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Yara E. Mansour
- Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Helwan University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohamed A. Ali
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Omnia Aly
- Medical Biochemistry Department, National Research Centre, Dokki, Egypt
| | - Zainab M. Khoder
- Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Helwan University, Cairo, Egypt
- Department of Chemistry, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Ahmed M. Said
- Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Helwan University, Cairo, Egypt
- Department of Chemistry, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, USA
- Athenex Inc., Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Samar S. Fatahala
- Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Helwan University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Rania H. Abd El-Hameed
- Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Helwan University, Cairo, Egypt
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13
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Flow cytometric reporter assays provide robust functional analysis of signaling complexes. J Biol Chem 2022; 298:102666. [PMID: 36334634 PMCID: PMC9747584 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2022.102666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Revised: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Conventional assays to probe signaling protein interactions and function involve measurement of luciferase reporter expression within the bulk cell population, with lack of control over target-protein expression level. To address this issue, we have developed a rapid and robust flow cytometric assay for analysis of signaling protein function. A fluorescent reporter and fluorescent tagging of the target protein enables simultaneous assessment of protein expression and signaling within individual cells. We have applied our technique to the analysis of variants of the lipopolysaccharide receptor Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) and its adapter protein MyD88, using a NF-кB-responsive promoter driving mScarlet-I expression. The assay enables exclusion of nontransfected cells and overexpressing cells that signal spontaneously. Additionally, our assay allows the identification of protein variants that fail to express. We found that the assays were highly sensitive, with cells expressing an appropriate level of GFP-MyD88 showing approximately 200-fold induction of mScarlet-I by lipopolysaccharide, and we can detect subtle protein concentration-dependent effects of mutations. Importantly, the assay is adaptable to various signaling pathways.
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14
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Gauthier AE, Rotjan RD, Kagan JC. Lipopolysaccharide detection by the innate immune system may be an uncommon defence strategy used in nature. Open Biol 2022; 12:220146. [PMID: 36196535 PMCID: PMC9533005 DOI: 10.1098/rsob.220146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Since the publication of the Janeway's Pattern Recognition hypothesis in 1989, study of pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) and their immuno-stimulatory activities has accelerated. Most studies in this area have been conducted in model organisms, which leaves many open questions about the universality of PAMP biology across living systems. Mammals have evolved multiple proteins that operate as receptors for the PAMP lipopolysaccharide (LPS) from Gram-negative bacteria, but LPS is not immuno-stimulatory in all eukaryotes. In this review, we examine the history of LPS as a PAMP in mammals, recent data on LPS structure and its ability to activate mammalian innate immune receptors, and how these activities compare across commonly studied eukaryotes. We discuss why LPS may have evolved to be immuno-stimulatory in some eukaryotes but not others and propose two hypotheses about the evolution of PAMP structure based on the ecology and environmental context of the organism in question. Understanding PAMP structures and stimulatory mechanisms across multi-cellular life will provide insights into the evolutionary origins of innate immunity and may lead to the discovery of new PAMP variations of scientific and therapeutic interest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna E. Gauthier
- Division of Gastroenterology, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 300 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Program in Virology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Randi D. Rotjan
- Department of Biology, Boston University, 5 Cummington Mall, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Jonathan C. Kagan
- Division of Gastroenterology, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 300 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Harvard Medical School, and Boston Children's Hospital, Division of Immunology, Division of Gastroenterology, USA
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15
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Zhang Y, Liang X, Bao X, Xiao W, Chen G. Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) inhibitors: Current research and prospective. Eur J Med Chem 2022; 235:114291. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2022.114291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2021] [Revised: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 03/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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16
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Vila-Casahonda RG, Lozano-Aponte J, Guerrero-Beltrán CE. HSP60-Derived Peptide as an LPS/TLR4 Modulator: An in silico Approach. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:731376. [PMID: 35433873 PMCID: PMC9010565 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.731376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2021] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
As a part of innate immunity mechanisms, the Toll-like receptor (TLR) signaling pathway serves as one of the mainstay lines of defense against pathogenic microorganisms and cell dysfunction. Nevertheless, TLR overactivation induces a systemic proinflammatory environment compromising organ function or causing the patient’s death. TLRs modulators, specially those focused for TLR4, remain a promising approach for inflammatory diseases treatment, being peptide-based therapy a trendy approach. Heat shock protein 60 (HSP60) not only plays a pivotal role in the development of several maladies with strong inflammatory components but also HSP60 peptides possess anti-inflammatory properties in TLR4-mediated diseases, such as diabetes, arthritis, and atherosclerosis. The experimental treatment using HSP60 peptides has proven to be protective in preclinical models of the heart by hampering inflammation and modulating the activity of immune cells. Nonetheless, the effect that these peptides may exert directly on cells that express TLR and its role to inhibit overactivation remain elusive. The aim of this study is to evaluate by molecular docking, a 15 amino acid long-HSP60 peptide (Peptide-2) in the lipopolysaccharide (LPS) binding site of TLR4/MD2, finding most Peptide-2 resulting conformations posed into the hydrophobic pocket of MD2. This observation is supported by binding energy obtained for the control antagonist Eritoran, close to those of Peptide-2. This last does not undergo drastic structural changes, moving into a delimited space, and maintaining the same orientation during molecular dynamics simulation. Based on the two computational techniques applied, interaction patterns were defined for Peptide-2. With these results, it is plausible to propose a peptidic approach for TLR4 modulation as a new innovative therapy to the treatment of TLR4-related cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael Gustavo Vila-Casahonda
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Medicina Cardiovascular y Metabolómica, Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Monterrey, Mexico
| | - Jorge Lozano-Aponte
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Puebla, Mexico
| | - Carlos Enrique Guerrero-Beltrán
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Medicina Cardiovascular y Metabolómica, Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Monterrey, Mexico
- *Correspondence: Carlos Enrique Guerrero-Beltrán,
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17
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Helicobacter pylori Pathogen-Associated Molecular Patterns: Friends or Foes? Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23073531. [PMID: 35408892 PMCID: PMC8998707 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23073531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Revised: 03/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Microbial infections are sensed by the host immune system by recognizing signature molecules called Pathogen-Associated Molecular Patterns—PAMPs. The binding of these biomolecules to innate immune receptors, called Pattern Recognition Receptors (PRRs), alerts the host cell, activating microbicidal and pro-inflammatory responses. The outcome of the inflammatory cascade depends on the subtle balance between the bacterial burn and the host immune response. The role of PRRs is to promote the clearance of the pathogen and to limit the infection by bumping inflammatory response. However, many bacteria, including Helicobacter pylori, evolved to escape PRRs’ recognition through different camouflages in their molecular pattern. This review examines all the different types of H. pylori PAMPs, their roles during the infection, and the mechanisms they evolved to escape the host recognition.
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18
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Molecular mechanism underlying the TLR4 antagonistic and antiseptic activities of papiliocin, an insect innate immune response molecule. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2022; 119:e2115669119. [PMID: 35238667 PMCID: PMC8915966 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2115669119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Similar to mammalian TLR4/MD-2, the Toll9/MD-2–like protein complex in the silkworm, Bombyx mori, acts as an innate pattern-recognition receptor that recognizes lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and induces LPS-stimulated expression of antimicrobial peptides such as cecropins. Here, we report that papiliocin, a cecropin-like insect antimicrobial peptide from the swallowtail butterfly, competitively inhibits the LPS-TLR4/MD-2 interaction by directly binding to human TLR4/MD-2. Structural elements in papiliocin, which are important in inhibiting TLR4 signaling via direct binding, are highly conserved among insect cecropins, indicating that its TLR4-antagonistic activity may be related to insect Toll9-mediated immune response against microbial infection. This study highlights the potential of papiliocin as a potent TLR4 antagonist and safe peptide antibiotic for treating gram-negative sepsis. Antimicrobial peptides are innate immune molecules playing essential roles in insects, which lack the adaptive immune system. Insects possess Toll9, the innate pattern-recognition receptor highly similar to the mammalian Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), which is involved in recognizing lipopolysaccharide (LPS). TLR4 is an important therapeutic target, as it causes uncontrolled immune response in sepsis; therefore, identification of TLR4-targeting molecules is imperative. Papiliocin, an insect cecropin derived from the larvae of the swallowtail butterfly, possesses potent antibacterial activities against gram-negative bacteria. We investigated the molecular mechanism underlying the TLR4-antagonistic and antiseptic activities of papiliocin. Binding analysis, docking simulation, and flow cytometry showed that papiliocin inhibited LPS-induced TLR4 signaling by directly binding to TLR4/MD-2 and causing rapid dissociation of LPS from the TLR4/MD-2 complex. R13 and R16 in the N-terminal helix, conserved in insect cecropins, were the key binding sites at the TLR4/MD-2 interface, along with the flexible hinge region, which promoted the interaction of the hydrophobic carboxyl-terminal helix with the MD-2 pocket to competitively inhibit the LPS–TLR4/MD-2 interaction. Papiliocin, an antiendotoxin molecule and TLR4 inhibitor, rescued the pathology of Escherichia coli–induced sepsis in mice more effectively and with lower nephrotoxicity compared to polymyxin B. Our results provide insight into the key structural components and mechanism underlying the TLR4-antagonistic activities of papiliocin, which is essential for the innate immune response of the insect against microbial infection. Papiliocin may be useful for developing a multifunctional alternative to polymyxin B for treating gram-negative sepsis.
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19
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Facchini F, Minotti A, Luraghi A, Romerio A, Gotri N, Matamoros-Recio A, Iannucci A, Palmer C, Wang G, Ingram R, Martin-Santamaria S, Pirianov G, De Andrea M, Valvano MA, Peri F. Synthetic Glycolipids as Molecular Vaccine Adjuvants: Mechanism of Action in Human Cells and In Vivo Activity. J Med Chem 2021; 64:12261-12272. [PMID: 34382796 PMCID: PMC8404200 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.1c00896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Modern adjuvants for vaccine formulations are immunostimulating agents whose action is based on the activation of pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) by well-defined ligands to boost innate and adaptive immune responses. Monophosphoryl lipid A (MPLA), a detoxified analogue of lipid A, is a clinically approved adjuvant that stimulates toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4). The synthesis of MPLA poses manufacturing and quality assessment challenges. Bridging this gap, we report here the development and preclinical testing of chemically simplified TLR4 agonists that could sustainably be produced in high purity and on a large scale. Underpinned by computational and biological experiments, we show that synthetic monosaccharide-based molecules (FP compounds) bind to the TLR4/MD-2 dimer with submicromolar affinities stabilizing the active receptor conformation. This results in the activation of MyD88- and TRIF-dependent TLR4 signaling and the NLRP3 inflammasome. FP compounds lack in vivo toxicity and exhibit adjuvant activity by stimulating antibody responses with a potency comparable to MPLA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabio
A. Facchini
- Department
of Biotechnology and Biosciences, University
of Milano-Bicocca, Piazza della Scienza, 2, 20126 Milano, Italy
| | - Alberto Minotti
- Department
of Biotechnology and Biosciences, University
of Milano-Bicocca, Piazza della Scienza, 2, 20126 Milano, Italy
| | - Andrea Luraghi
- Department
of Biotechnology and Biosciences, University
of Milano-Bicocca, Piazza della Scienza, 2, 20126 Milano, Italy
| | - Alessio Romerio
- Department
of Biotechnology and Biosciences, University
of Milano-Bicocca, Piazza della Scienza, 2, 20126 Milano, Italy
| | - Nicole Gotri
- Department
of Biotechnology and Biosciences, University
of Milano-Bicocca, Piazza della Scienza, 2, 20126 Milano, Italy
| | - Alejandra Matamoros-Recio
- Department
of Structural and Chemical Biology, Centro
de Investigaciones Biologicas Margarita Salas, C/Ramiro de Maeztu, 9, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Andrea Iannucci
- Department
of Translational Medicine, University of
Eastern Piedmont, 28100 Novara, Italy
- CAAD—Center
for Translational Research on Autoimmune and Allergic Disease, University of Eastern Piedmont, 28100 Novara, Italy
| | - Charys Palmer
- Department
of Biomedical and Forensic Sciences, Anglia
Ruskin University, East Road, Cambridge CB1
1PT, U.K.
| | - Guanbo Wang
- The Wellcome-Wolfson
Institute for Experimental Medicine, Queen’s
University of Belfast; 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, U.K.
| | - Rebecca Ingram
- The Wellcome-Wolfson
Institute for Experimental Medicine, Queen’s
University of Belfast; 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, U.K.
| | - Sonsoles Martin-Santamaria
- Department
of Structural and Chemical Biology, Centro
de Investigaciones Biologicas Margarita Salas, C/Ramiro de Maeztu, 9, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Grisha Pirianov
- Department
of Biomedical and Forensic Sciences, Anglia
Ruskin University, East Road, Cambridge CB1
1PT, U.K.
| | - Marco De Andrea
- CAAD—Center
for Translational Research on Autoimmune and Allergic Disease, University of Eastern Piedmont, 28100 Novara, Italy
- Department
of Public Health and Pediatric Sciences, University of Turin, Medical School, 10126 Turin, Italy
| | - Miguel A. Valvano
- The Wellcome-Wolfson
Institute for Experimental Medicine, Queen’s
University of Belfast; 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, U.K.
| | - Francesco Peri
- Department
of Biotechnology and Biosciences, University
of Milano-Bicocca, Piazza della Scienza, 2, 20126 Milano, Italy
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20
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Kaushik D, Bhandari R, Kuhad A. TLR4 as a therapeutic target for respiratory and neurological complications of SARS-CoV-2. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2021; 25:491-508. [PMID: 33857397 PMCID: PMC8095161 DOI: 10.1080/14728222.2021.1918103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2020] [Accepted: 04/13/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Introduction: The COVID-19 pandemic remains aglobal challenge. While there are mRNA agents on the horizon as apotential prevention, adefinitive drug therapy is an unmet medical need. The hyperinflammatory response, known as the 'cytokine storm', is chiefly responsible for complications and deaths. The binding of spike-glycoprotein of SARS-CoV-2 to TLR4 receptors has been documented in several studies and has been found to play arole in hyperinflammation; hence, there is an interest in TLR4 as apotential drug target.Areas covered: This review discusses the neurological and respiratory complications of SARS-CoV-2 infection and progresses to examine the role of the 'cytokine storm' and the involvement of TLR4 receptors in these complications. The possibility of using TLR4 modulators to curb the complications are considered and finally, ashort perspective on future potential drug treatments is offered. Various databases were searched including Pub-Med, Google Scholar, and Medline. The search mainly included research articles, meta-analysis, retrospective studies, reports, and systematic reviews.Expert opinion: TLR4 modulators are being investigated in clinical trials for COVID-19. Challenges in terms of structural diversity of the agents, their natural origin, and efficacy demand extensive research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dhriti Kaushik
- Pharmacology Research Laboratory, University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, UGC-Centre of Advanced Study, Punjab University, ChandigarhIndia
| | - Ranjana Bhandari
- Assistant Professor of Pharmaceutics, University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences UGC-Centre of Advanced Study, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
| | - Anurag Kuhad
- Assistant Professor of Pharmacology, University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences UGC-Centre of Advanced Study, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
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21
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Naïtaleb R, Denys A, Allain F, Ausseil J, Toumieux S, Kovensky J. Synthesis of new sulfated disaccharides for the modulation of TLR4-dependent inflammation. Org Biomol Chem 2021; 19:4346-4351. [PMID: 33908564 DOI: 10.1039/d1ob00692d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Natural sulfated glycans are key players in inflammation through TLR4 activation; therefore synthetic exogenous sulfated saccharides can be used to downregulate inflammation processes. We have designed and synthesized new sulfated compounds based on small and biocompatible carbohydrates that are able to cross the BBB. A suitable protected donor and acceptor, obtained from a unique precursor, have been stereoselectively glycosylated to give an orthogonally protected cellobiose disaccharide. Selective deprotection and sulfation allowed the syntheses of four differentially sulfated disaccharides, which have been characterized by NMR, HRMS and MS/MS. Together with their partially protected precursors, the new compounds were tested on HEK-TLR4 cells. Our results show the potential of small oligosaccharides to modulate TLR4 activity, confirming the need for sulfation and the key role of the 6-sulfate groups to trigger TLR4 signalization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachid Naïtaleb
- Laboratoire de Glycochimie, des Antimicrobiens et des Agroressources, LG2A CNRS UMR 7378, Université de Picardie Jules Verne, 33 rue Saint Leu, 80039 Amiens, France.
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22
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Palmer C, Facchini FA, Jones RP, Neumann F, Peri F, Pirianov G. Synthetic glycolipid-based TLR4 antagonists negatively regulate TRIF-dependent TLR4 signalling in human macrophages. Innate Immun 2021; 27:275-284. [PMID: 33858242 PMCID: PMC8054148 DOI: 10.1177/17534259211005840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
TLRs, including TLR4, play a crucial role in inflammatory-based diseases, and TLR4 has been identified as a therapeutic target for pharmacological intervention. In previous studies, we investigated the potential of FP7, a novel synthetic glycolipid active as a TLR4 antagonist, to inhibit haematopoietic and non-haematopoietic MyD88-dependent TLR4 pro-inflammatory signalling. The main aim of this study was to investigate the action of FP7 and its derivative FP12 on MyD88-independent TLR4 signalling in THP-1 derived macrophages. Western blotting, Ab array and ELISA approaches were used to explore the effect of FP7 and FP12 on TRIF-dependent TLR4 functional activity in response to LPS and other endogenous TLR4 ligands in THP-1 macrophages. A different kinetic in the inhibition of endotoxin-driven TBK1, IRF3 and STAT1 phosphorylation was observed using different LPS chemotypes. Following activation of TLR4 by LPS, data revealed that FP7 and FP12 inhibited TBK1, IRF3 and STAT1 phosphorylation which was associated with down-regulation IFN-β and IP-10. Specific blockage of the IFN type one receptor showed that these novel molecules inhibited TRIF-dependent TLR4 signalling via IFN-β pathways. These results add novel information on the mechanism of action of monosaccharide FP derivatives. The inhibition of the TRIF-dependent pathway in human macrophages suggests potential therapeutic uses for these novel TLR4 antagonists in pharmacological interventions on inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charys Palmer
- School of Life Sciences, Anglia Ruskin University, UK
| | - Fabio A Facchini
- Department of Biotechnology and Biosciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, Italy
| | | | | | - Francesco Peri
- Department of Biotechnology and Biosciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, Italy
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23
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Gauthier AE, Chandler CE, Poli V, Gardner FM, Tekiau A, Smith R, Bonham KS, Cordes EE, Shank TM, Zanoni I, Goodlett DR, Biller SJ, Ernst RK, Rotjan RD, Kagan JC. Deep-sea microbes as tools to refine the rules of innate immune pattern recognition. Sci Immunol 2021; 6:eabe0531. [PMID: 33712473 PMCID: PMC8367048 DOI: 10.1126/sciimmunol.abe0531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2020] [Accepted: 02/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
The assumption of near-universal bacterial detection by pattern recognition receptors is a foundation of immunology. The limits of this pattern recognition concept, however, remain undefined. As a test of this hypothesis, we determined whether mammalian cells can recognize bacteria that they have never had the natural opportunity to encounter. These bacteria were cultivated from the deep Pacific Ocean, where the genus Moritella was identified as a common constituent of the culturable microbiota. Most deep-sea bacteria contained cell wall lipopolysaccharide (LPS) structures that were expected to be immunostimulatory, and some deep-sea bacteria activated inflammatory responses from mammalian LPS receptors. However, LPS receptors were unable to detect 80% of deep-sea bacteria examined, with LPS acyl chain length being identified as a potential determinant of immunosilence. The inability of immune receptors to detect most bacteria from a different ecosystem suggests that pattern recognition strategies may be defined locally, not globally.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna E Gauthier
- Division of Gastroenterology, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 300 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Program in Virology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Department of Biology, Boston University, 5 Cummington Mall, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Courtney E Chandler
- Department of Microbial Pathogenesis, University of Maryland, Baltimore, 650 W. Baltimore Street, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Valentina Poli
- Harvard Medical School, and Boston Children's Hospital, Division of Immunology, Division of Gastroenterology, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Francesca M Gardner
- Department of Microbial Pathogenesis, University of Maryland, Baltimore, 650 W. Baltimore Street, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | | | - Richard Smith
- Department of Microbial Pathogenesis, University of Maryland, Baltimore, 650 W. Baltimore Street, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Kevin S Bonham
- Department of Biological Sciences, Wellesley College, 106 Central St., Wellesley, MA 02481, USA
| | - Erik E Cordes
- Department of Biology, Temple University, 1900 N. 12th St., Philadelphia, PA 19122, USA
| | - Timothy M Shank
- Biology Department, MS33, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, MA 02543, USA
| | - Ivan Zanoni
- Harvard Medical School, and Boston Children's Hospital, Division of Immunology, Division of Gastroenterology, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - David R Goodlett
- Department of Microbial Pathogenesis, University of Maryland, Baltimore, 650 W. Baltimore Street, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
- International Centre for Cancer Vaccine Science, University of Gdansk, Wita Stwosza 63, 80-308 Gdansk, Poland
| | - Steven J Biller
- Department of Biological Sciences, Wellesley College, 106 Central St., Wellesley, MA 02481, USA
| | - Robert K Ernst
- Department of Microbial Pathogenesis, University of Maryland, Baltimore, 650 W. Baltimore Street, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Randi D Rotjan
- Department of Biology, Boston University, 5 Cummington Mall, Boston, MA 02215, USA.
| | - Jonathan C Kagan
- Division of Gastroenterology, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 300 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
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24
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Li C, Wang J, Zhao M, Zhang S, Zhang Y. Toll‐like receptor 4 antagonist FP7 alleviates lipopolysaccharide‐induced septic shock via NF‐kB signaling pathway. Chem Biol Drug Des 2021; 97:1151-1157. [PMID: 33638265 DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.13837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2020] [Revised: 01/23/2021] [Accepted: 02/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chao Li
- Department of Emergency Xingtai People’s Hospital of Hebei Province Xingtai China
| | - Junhui Wang
- Department of Emergency Xingtai People’s Hospital of Hebei Province Xingtai China
| | - Mailiang Zhao
- Department of Emergency Xingtai People’s Hospital of Hebei Province Xingtai China
| | - Sheng Zhang
- Department of Emergency Xingtai People’s Hospital of Hebei Province Xingtai China
| | - Yanwei Zhang
- Department of Emergency Xingtai People’s Hospital of Hebei Province Xingtai China
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25
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Brandenburg K, Schromm AB, Weindl G, Heinbockel L, Correa W, Mauss K, Martinez de Tejada G, Garidel P. An update on endotoxin neutralization strategies in Gram-negative bacterial infections. Expert Rev Anti Infect Ther 2020; 19:495-517. [PMID: 33210958 DOI: 10.1080/14787210.2021.1834847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Gram-negative bacterial infections represent still a severe problem of human health care, regarding the increase in multi-resistance against classical antibiotics and the lack of newly developed antimicrobials. For the fight against these germs, anti-infective agents must overcome and/or bind to the Gram-negative outer membrane consisting of a lipopolysaccharide (LPS, endotoxin) outer leaflet and an inner leaflet from phospholipids, with additional peripheral or integral membrane proteins (OMP's). AREAS COVERED The current article reviews data of existing therapeutic options and summarizes newer approaches for targeting and neutralizing endotoxins, ranging from in vitro over in vivo animal data to clinical applications by using databases such as Medline. EXPERT OPINION Conventional antibiotic treatment of the bacteria leads to their killing, but not necessary LPS neutralization, which may be a severe problem in particular for the systemic pathway. This is the reason why there is an increasing number of therapeutic approaches, which - besides combating whole bacteria - at the same time try to neutralize endotoxin within or outside the bacterial cells mainly responsible for the high inflammation induction in Gram-negative species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Klaus Brandenburg
- Brandenburg Antiinfektiva GmbH, c/o Forschungszentrum Borstel, Borstel, Germany
| | - Andra B Schromm
- FG Immunobiophysik, Forschungszentrum Borstel, Leibniz Lungenzentrum, Borstel, Germany
| | - Günther Weindl
- Brandenburg Antiinfektiva GmbH, c/o Forschungszentrum Borstel, Borstel, Germany.,Universität Bonn, Universität Bonn Pharmazeutisches Institut Pharmakologie Und Toxikologie Bonn, Germany
| | - Lena Heinbockel
- Brandenburg Antiinfektiva GmbH, c/o Forschungszentrum Borstel, Borstel, Germany
| | - Wilmar Correa
- FG Biophysik, Forschungszentrum Borstel, Leibniz Lungenzentrum, Borstel, Germany
| | - Karl Mauss
- Brandenburg Antiinfektiva GmbH, c/o Forschungszentrum Borstel, Borstel, Germany.,Asklepios-Klinik Hamburg-Altona, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Guillermo Martinez de Tejada
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, University of Navarra, E-31008 Pamplona, Spain and Navarra Institute for Health Research (Idisna), Pamplona, Spain.,Department de Microbiologia, Universidad De Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Patrick Garidel
- Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg, Institut für Chemie, Halle/Saale, Germany
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26
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Federico S, Pozzetti L, Papa A, Carullo G, Gemma S, Butini S, Campiani G, Relitti N. Modulation of the Innate Immune Response by Targeting Toll-like Receptors: A Perspective on Their Agonists and Antagonists. J Med Chem 2020; 63:13466-13513. [PMID: 32845153 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.0c01049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are a class of proteins that recognize pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) and damaged-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs), and they are involved in the regulation of innate immune system. These transmembrane receptors, localized at the cellular or endosomal membrane, trigger inflammatory processes through either myeloid differentiation primary response 88 (MyD88) or TIR-domain-containing adapter-inducing interferon-β (TRIF) signaling pathways. In the last decades, extensive research has been performed on TLR modulators and their therapeutic implication under several pathological conditions, spanning from infections to cancer, from metabolic disorders to neurodegeneration and autoimmune diseases. This Perspective will highlight the recent discoveries in this field, emphasizing the role of TLRs in different diseases and the therapeutic effect of their natural and synthetic modulators, and it will discuss insights for the future exploitation of TLR modulators in human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Federico
- Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, Department of Excellence 2018-2022, University of Siena, via Aldo Moro 2, 53100, Siena, Italy
| | - Luca Pozzetti
- Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, Department of Excellence 2018-2022, University of Siena, via Aldo Moro 2, 53100, Siena, Italy
| | - Alessandro Papa
- Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, Department of Excellence 2018-2022, University of Siena, via Aldo Moro 2, 53100, Siena, Italy
| | - Gabriele Carullo
- Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, Department of Excellence 2018-2022, University of Siena, via Aldo Moro 2, 53100, Siena, Italy
| | - Sandra Gemma
- Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, Department of Excellence 2018-2022, University of Siena, via Aldo Moro 2, 53100, Siena, Italy
| | - Stefania Butini
- Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, Department of Excellence 2018-2022, University of Siena, via Aldo Moro 2, 53100, Siena, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Campiani
- Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, Department of Excellence 2018-2022, University of Siena, via Aldo Moro 2, 53100, Siena, Italy
| | - Nicola Relitti
- Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, Department of Excellence 2018-2022, University of Siena, via Aldo Moro 2, 53100, Siena, Italy
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27
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Hoque Tania M, Kaiser MS, Abu-Hassan K, Hossain MA. Pathological test type and chemical detection using deep neural networks: a case study using ELISA and LFA assays. JOURNAL OF ENTERPRISE INFORMATION MANAGEMENT 2020. [DOI: 10.1108/jeim-01-2020-0038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Purpose
The gradual increase in geriatric issues and global imbalance of the ratio between patients and healthcare professionals have created a demand for intelligent systems with the least error-prone diagnosis results to be used by less medically trained persons and save clinical time. This paper aims at investigating the development of image-based colourimetric analysis. The purpose of recognising such tests is to support wider users to begin a colourimetric test to be used at homecare settings, telepathology and so on.
Design/methodology/approach
The concept of an automatic colourimetric assay detection is delivered by utilising two cases. Training deep learning (DL) models on thousands of images of these tests using transfer learning, this paper (1) classifies the type of the assay and (2) classifies the colourimetric results.
Findings
This paper demonstrated that the assay type can be recognised using DL techniques with 100% accuracy within a fraction of a second. Some of the advantages of the pre-trained model over the calibration-based approach are robustness, readiness and suitability to deploy for similar applications within a shorter period of time.
Originality/value
To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first attempt to provide colourimetric assay type classification (CATC) using DL. Humans are capable to learn thousands of visual classifications in their life. Object recognition may be a trivial task for humans, due to photometric and geometric variabilities along with the high degree of intra-class variabilities, it can be a challenging task for machines. However, transforming visual knowledge into machines, as proposed, can support non-experts to better manage their health and reduce some of the burdens on experts.
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28
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Romerio A, Peri F. Increasing the Chemical Variety of Small-Molecule-Based TLR4 Modulators: An Overview. Front Immunol 2020; 11:1210. [PMID: 32765484 PMCID: PMC7381287 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.01210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2020] [Accepted: 05/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Toll-Like Receptor 4 (TLR4) is one of the receptors of innate immunity. It is activated by Pathogen- and Damage-Associated Molecular Patterns (PAMPs and DAMPs) and triggers pro-inflammatory responses that belong to the repertoire of innate immune responses, consequently protecting against infectious challenges and boosting adaptive immunity. Mild TLR4 stimulation by non-toxic molecules resembling its natural agonist (lipid A) provided efficient vaccine adjuvants. The non-toxic TLR4 agonist monophosphoryl lipid A (MPLA) has been approved for clinical use. This suggests the development of other TLR4 agonists as adjuvants or drugs for cancer immunotherapy. TLR4 excessive activation by a Gram-negative bacteria lipopolysaccharide (LPS) leads to sepsis, while TLR4 stimulation by DAMPs is a common mechanism in several inflammatory and autoimmune diseases. TLR4 inhibition by small molecules and antibodies could therefore provide access to innovative therapeutics targeting sepsis as well as acute and chronic inflammations. The potential use of TLR4 antagonists as anti-inflammatory drugs with unique selectivity and a new mechanism of action compared to corticosteroids or other non-steroid anti-inflammatory drugs fueled the search for compounds of natural or synthetic origin able to block or inhibit TLR4 activation and signaling. The wide spectrum of clinical settings to which TLR4 inhibitors can be applied include autoimmune diseases (rheumatoid arthritis, inflammatory bowel diseases), vascular inflammation, neuroinflammations, and neurodegenerative diseases. The last advances (from 2017) in TLR4 activation or inhibition by small molecules (molecular weight <2 kDa) are reviewed here. Studies on pre-clinical validation of new chemical entities (drug hits) on cellular or animal models as well as new clinical studies on previously developed TLR4 modulators are reported. Innovative TLR4 modulators discovered by computer-assisted drug design and an artificial intelligence approach are described. Some "old" TLR4 agonists or antagonists such as MPLA or Eritoran are under study for repositioning in different pharmacological contexts. The mechanism of action of the molecules and the level of TLR4 involvement in their biological activity are critically discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessio Romerio
- Department of Biotechnology and Biosciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesco Peri
- Department of Biotechnology and Biosciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
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29
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Kanoh H, Nitta T, Go S, Inamori KI, Veillon L, Nihei W, Fujii M, Kabayama K, Shimoyama A, Fukase K, Ohto U, Shimizu T, Watanabe T, Shindo H, Aoki S, Sato K, Nagasaki M, Yatomi Y, Komura N, Ando H, Ishida H, Kiso M, Natori Y, Yoshimura Y, Zonca A, Cattaneo A, Letizia M, Ciampa M, Mauri L, Prinetti A, Sonnino S, Suzuki A, Inokuchi JI. Homeostatic and pathogenic roles of GM3 ganglioside molecular species in TLR4 signaling in obesity. EMBO J 2020; 39:e101732. [PMID: 32378734 PMCID: PMC7298289 DOI: 10.15252/embj.2019101732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2019] [Revised: 03/13/2020] [Accepted: 03/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Innate immune signaling via TLR4 plays critical roles in pathogenesis of metabolic disorders, but the contribution of different lipid species to metabolic disorders and inflammatory diseases is less clear. GM3 ganglioside in human serum is composed of a variety of fatty acids, including long‐chain (LCFA) and very‐long‐chain (VLCFA). Analysis of circulating levels of human serum GM3 species from patients at different stages of insulin resistance and chronic inflammation reveals that levels of VLCFA‐GM3 increase significantly in metabolic disorders, while LCFA‐GM3 serum levels decrease. Specific GM3 species also correlates with disease symptoms. VLCFA‐GM3 levels increase in the adipose tissue of obese mice, and this is blocked in TLR4‐mutant mice. In cultured monocytes, GM3 by itself has no effect on TLR4 activation; however, VLCFA‐GM3 synergistically and selectively enhances TLR4 activation by LPS/HMGB1, while LCFA‐GM3 and unsaturated VLCFA‐GM3 suppresses TLR4 activation. GM3 interacts with the extracellular region of TLR4/MD2 complex to modulate dimerization/oligomerization. Ligand‐molecular docking analysis supports that VLCFA‐GM3 and LCFA‐GM3 act as agonist and antagonist of TLR4 activity, respectively, by differentially binding to the hydrophobic pocket of MD2. Our findings suggest that VLCFA‐GM3 is a risk factor for TLR4‐mediated disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hirotaka Kanoh
- Division of Glycopathology, Institute of Molecular Biomembrane and Glycobiology, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Takahiro Nitta
- Division of Glycopathology, Institute of Molecular Biomembrane and Glycobiology, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Shinji Go
- Division of Glycopathology, Institute of Molecular Biomembrane and Glycobiology, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Kei-Ichiro Inamori
- Division of Glycopathology, Institute of Molecular Biomembrane and Glycobiology, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Lucas Veillon
- Division of Glycopathology, Institute of Molecular Biomembrane and Glycobiology, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Wataru Nihei
- Division of Glycopathology, Institute of Molecular Biomembrane and Glycobiology, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Mayu Fujii
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kazuya Kabayama
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Atsushi Shimoyama
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Koichi Fukase
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Umeharu Ohto
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Toshiyuki Shimizu
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Taku Watanabe
- Medical and Pharmaceutical Information Science, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Hiroki Shindo
- Medical and Pharmaceutical Information Science, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Sorama Aoki
- Medical and Pharmaceutical Information Science, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Kenichi Sato
- Medical and Pharmaceutical Information Science, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Mika Nagasaki
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine and Computational Diagnostic Radiology & Preventive Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yutaka Yatomi
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Naoko Komura
- Center for Highly Advanced Integration of Nano and Life Sciences (G-CHAIN), Gifu University, Gifu, Japan
| | - Hiromune Ando
- Center for Highly Advanced Integration of Nano and Life Sciences (G-CHAIN), Gifu University, Gifu, Japan
| | - Hideharu Ishida
- Center for Highly Advanced Integration of Nano and Life Sciences (G-CHAIN), Gifu University, Gifu, Japan.,Department of Applied Bio-organic Chemistry, Faculty of Applied Biological Sciences, Gifu University, Gifu, Japan
| | - Makoto Kiso
- Organization for Research and Community Development, Gifu University, Gifu, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Natori
- Division of Organic and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Yuichi Yoshimura
- Division of Organic and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Asia Zonca
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Milano, Italy
| | - Anna Cattaneo
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Milano, Italy
| | - Marilena Letizia
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Milano, Italy
| | - Maria Ciampa
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Milano, Italy
| | - Laura Mauri
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Milano, Italy
| | - Alessandro Prinetti
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Milano, Italy
| | - Sandro Sonnino
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Milano, Italy
| | - Akemi Suzuki
- Division of Glycopathology, Institute of Molecular Biomembrane and Glycobiology, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Jin-Ichi Inokuchi
- Division of Glycopathology, Institute of Molecular Biomembrane and Glycobiology, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, Japan
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30
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Bi S, Huang W, Chen S, Huang C, Li C, Guo Z, Yang J, Zhu J, Song L, Yu R. Cordyceps militaris polysaccharide converts immunosuppressive macrophages into M1-like phenotype and activates T lymphocytes by inhibiting the PD-L1/PD-1 axis between TAMs and T lymphocytes. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 150:261-280. [PMID: 32044366 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.02.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2020] [Revised: 01/31/2020] [Accepted: 02/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Tumour-associated macrophages (TAMs) inhibit the killing effect of T lymphocytes on tumour cells through the immunocheckpoint programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1)/programmed death-1 (PD-1) axis. TAMs-targeted therapy is a promising approach that could be used to reverse the immunosuppressive tumour microenvironment. Here, we further report CMPB90-1, a novel natural polysaccharide from Cordyceps militaris, could function as an anti-tumour modulator that resets TAMs from a tumour-promoting M2 phenotype to a tumour-killing M1 phenotype. This process involves reversing the functional inhibition of T lymphocytes by inhibiting the PD-L1/PD-1 axis between TAMs and T lymphocytes. Mechanistically, the membrane receptor of CMPB90-1 binding to M2 macrophages was identified by tandem mass spectrometry. CMPB90-1 converts immunosuppressive TAMs via binding to toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2), which causes the release of Ca2+ and the activation of p38, Akt and NF-κB, or ERK. This process then leads to the polarization of TAMs from M2 phenotype to the M1 phenotype. In vivo experiment shows that CMPB90-1 is able to polarize TAMs into the M1 phenotype and has anti-tumour effects with improved safety. Additionally, the anti-tumour effects of CMPB90-1 in vivo depend on the phenotypic conversion of TAMs. The results demonstrated that CMPB90-1 could be developed as a potential immune-oncology treatment reagent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sixue Bi
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, 601 Huangpu Avenue West, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Weijuan Huang
- Biotechnological Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Jinan University, 601 Huangpu Avenue West, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Shan Chen
- Department of Natural Products Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, 601 Huangpu Avenue West, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Chunhua Huang
- Department of Natural Products Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, 601 Huangpu Avenue West, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Chunlei Li
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, 601 Huangpu Avenue West, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Zhongyi Guo
- Biotechnological Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Jinan University, 601 Huangpu Avenue West, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Jianing Yang
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, 601 Huangpu Avenue West, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Jianhua Zhu
- Department of Natural Products Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, 601 Huangpu Avenue West, Guangzhou 510632, China.
| | - Liyan Song
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, 601 Huangpu Avenue West, Guangzhou 510632, China.
| | - Rongmin Yu
- Biotechnological Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Jinan University, 601 Huangpu Avenue West, Guangzhou 510632, China; Department of Natural Products Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, 601 Huangpu Avenue West, Guangzhou 510632, China.
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31
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Effect of chemical modulation of toll-like receptor 4 in an animal model of ulcerative colitis. Eur J Clin Pharmacol 2020; 76:409-418. [PMID: 31982922 DOI: 10.1007/s00228-019-02799-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2019] [Accepted: 11/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The partial ineffectiveness and side effects of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) current therapies drive basic research to look for new therapeutic target in order to develop new drug lead. Considering the pivotal role played by toll-like receptors (TLRs) in gut inflammation, we evaluate here the therapeutic effect of the synthetic glycolipid TLR4 antagonist FP7. METHODS The anti-inflammatory effect of FP7, active as TLR4 antagonist, was evaluated on peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and lamina propria mononuclear cells (LPMCs) isolated from IBD patients, and in a mouse model of ulcerative colitis. RESULTS FP7 strongly reduced the inflammatory responses induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in vitro, due to its capacity to compete with LPS for the binding of TLR4/MD-2 receptor complex thus inhibiting both the MyD88- and TRIF-dependent inflammatory pathways. Colitic mice treated with FP7 exhibit reduced colonic inflammation and decreased levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines. CONCLUSIONS This study suggests that TLR4 chemical modulation can be an effective therapeutic approach to IBD. The selectivity of FP7 on TLR4 makes this molecule a promising drug lead for new small molecules-based treatments.
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32
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Swanson-Mungerson M, Williams PG, Gurr JR, Incrocci R, Subramaniam V, Radowska K, Hall ML, Mayer AMS. Biochemical and Functional Analysis of Cyanobacterium Geitlerinema sp. LPS on Human Monocytes. Toxicol Sci 2019; 171:421-430. [PMID: 31271425 PMCID: PMC6760288 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfz153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2019] [Revised: 06/20/2019] [Accepted: 06/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Cyanobacterial blooms are an increasing source of environmental toxins that affect both human and animals. After ingestion of cyanobacteria, such as Geitlerinema sp., toxins and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) from this organism induce fever, gastrointestinal illness, and even death. However, little is known regarding the effects of cyanobacterial LPS on human monocytes after exposure to LPS upon ingestion. Based on our previous data using Geitlerinema sp. LPS (which was previously named Oscillatoria sp., a genus belonging to the same order as Geitlerinema), we hypothesized that Geitlerinema sp. LPS would activate human monocytes to proliferate, phagocytose particles, and produce cytokines that are critical for promoting proinflammatory responses in the gut. Our data demonstrate that Geitlerinema sp. LPS induced monocyte proliferation and TNF-α, IL-1, and IL-6 production at high concentrations. In contrast, Geitlerinema sp. LPS is equally capable of inducing monocyte-mediated phagocytosis of FITC-latex beads when compared with Escherichia coli LPS, which was used as a positive control for our experiments. In order to understand the mechanism responsible for the difference in efficacy between Geitlerinema sp. LPS and E. coli LPS, we performed biochemical analysis and identified that Geitlerinema sp. LPS was composed of significantly different sugars and fatty acid side chains in comparison to E. coli LPS. The lipid A portion of Geitlerinema sp. LPS contained longer fatty acid side chains, such as C15:0, C16:0, and C18:0, instead of C12:0 found in E. coli LPS which may explain the decreased efficacy and toxicity of Geitlerinema sp. LPS in comparison to E. coli LPS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle Swanson-Mungerson
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Graduate Studies, Midwestern University, Downers Grove, Illinois 60515
| | - Philip G Williams
- Department of Chemistry, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822
| | - Joshua R Gurr
- Department of Chemistry, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822
| | - Ryan Incrocci
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Graduate Studies, Midwestern University, Downers Grove, Illinois 60515
| | | | | | - Mary L Hall
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Graduate Studies, Midwestern University, Downers Grove, Illinois 60515
| | - Alejandro M S Mayer
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Graduate Studies, Midwestern University, Downers Grove, Illinois 60515
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33
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Novel resveratrol-based flavonol derivatives: Synthesis and anti-inflammatory activity in vitro and in vivo. Eur J Med Chem 2019; 175:114-128. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2019.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2019] [Revised: 04/30/2019] [Accepted: 05/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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34
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Feng Y, Mu R, Wang Z, Xing P, Zhang J, Dong L, Wang C. A toll-like receptor agonist mimicking microbial signal to generate tumor-suppressive macrophages. Nat Commun 2019; 10:2272. [PMID: 31118418 PMCID: PMC6531447 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-10354-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2018] [Accepted: 05/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Switching macrophages from a pro-tumor type to an anti-tumor state is a promising strategy for cancer immunotherapy. Existing agents, many derived from bacterial components, have safety or specificity concerns. Here, we postulate that the structures of the bacterial signals can be mimicked by using non-toxic biomolecules of simple design. Based on bioactivity screening, we devise a glucomannan polysaccharide with acetyl modification at a degree of 1.8 (acGM-1.8), which specifically activates toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) signaling and consequently induces macrophages into an anti-tumor phenotype. For acGM-1.8, the degree of acetyl modification, glucomannan pattern, and acetylation-induced assembly are three crucial factors for its bioactivity. In mice, intratumoral injection of acGM-1.8 suppresses the growth of two tumor models, and this polysaccharide demonstrates higher safety than four classical TLR agonists. In summary, we report the design of a new, safe, and specific TLR2 agonist that can generate macrophages with strong anti-tumor potential in mice. Turning tumour promoting macrophages into an anti-tumour phenotype is an attractive therapeutic strategy. Here, the authors develop a polysaccharide-based structure that mimicks pathogen-associated molecular patterns and, by activating the toll-like receptors on macrophage surface, promotes a safe anti-tumour immune response in mouse models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanxian Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau SAR, China
| | - Ruoyu Mu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau SAR, China
| | - Zhenzhen Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
| | - Panfei Xing
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau SAR, China
| | - Junfeng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
| | - Lei Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China.
| | - Chunming Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau SAR, China.
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35
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Liu Z, Chen L, Yu P, Zhang Y, Fang B, Wu C, Luo W, Chen X, Li C, Liang G. Discovery of 3-(Indol-5-yl)-indazole Derivatives as Novel Myeloid Differentiation Protein 2/Toll-like Receptor 4 Antagonists for Treatment of Acute Lung Injury. J Med Chem 2019; 62:5453-5469. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.9b00316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhiguo Liu
- Chemical Biology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
| | - Lingfeng Chen
- School of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210094, China
| | - Pengtian Yu
- Chemical Biology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310000, China
| | - Yali Zhang
- Chemical Biology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
| | - Bo Fang
- Chemical Biology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
| | - Chao Wu
- Chemical Biology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
| | - Wu Luo
- Chemical Biology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
| | - Xianxin Chen
- Chemical Biology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
| | - Chenglong Li
- Chemical Biology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
| | - Guang Liang
- Chemical Biology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
- School of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210094, China
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36
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Cochet F, Facchini FA, Zaffaroni L, Billod JM, Coelho H, Holgado A, Braun H, Beyaert R, Jerala R, Jimenez-Barbero J, Martin-Santamaria S, Peri F. Novel carboxylate-based glycolipids: TLR4 antagonism, MD-2 binding and self-assembly properties. Sci Rep 2019; 9:919. [PMID: 30696900 PMCID: PMC6351529 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-37421-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2018] [Accepted: 11/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
New monosaccharide-based lipid A analogues were rationally designed through MD-2 docking studies. A panel of compounds with two carboxylate groups as phosphates bioisosteres, was synthesized with the same glucosamine-bis-succinyl core linked to different unsaturated and saturated fatty acid chains. The binding of the synthetic compounds to purified, functional recombinant human MD-2 was studied by four independent methods. All compounds bound to MD-2 with similar affinities and inhibited in a concentration-dependent manner the LPS-stimulated TLR4 signaling in human and murine cells, while being inactive as TLR4 agonists when provided alone. A compound of the panel was tested in vivo and was not able to inhibit the production of proinflammatory cytokines in animals. This lack of activity is probably due to strong binding to serum albumin, as suggested by cell experiments in the presence of the serum. The interesting self-assembly property in solution of this type of compounds was investigated by computational methods and microscopy, and formation of large vesicles was observed by cryo-TEM microscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florent Cochet
- Department of Biotechnology and Biosciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, Piazza della Scienza, 2, 20126, Milano, Italy
| | - Fabio A Facchini
- Department of Biotechnology and Biosciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, Piazza della Scienza, 2, 20126, Milano, Italy
| | - Lenny Zaffaroni
- Department of Biotechnology and Biosciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, Piazza della Scienza, 2, 20126, Milano, Italy
| | - Jean-Marc Billod
- Department of Structural and Chemical Biology, Centro de Investigaciones Biologicas, CIB-CSIC, Ramiro de Maeztu, 9, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Helena Coelho
- Molecular Recognition & Host-Pathogen Interactions Programme, CIC bioGUNE, Bizkaia Technology Park, Building 801 A, 48170, Derio, Spain.,UCIBIO, REQUIMTE, Departamento de Quimica, Faculdade de Ciencias e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 2829-516, Caparica, Portugal.,Department of Organic Chemistry II, Faculty of Science & Technology, University of the Basque Country, 48940, Leioa, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - Aurora Holgado
- Unit for Molecular Signal Transduction in Inflammation VIB-UGent Center for Inflammation Research, VIB Technologiepark 927, 9052, Zwijnaarde, Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University Technologiepark 927, 9052, Zwijnaarde, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Harald Braun
- Unit for Molecular Signal Transduction in Inflammation VIB-UGent Center for Inflammation Research, VIB Technologiepark 927, 9052, Zwijnaarde, Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University Technologiepark 927, 9052, Zwijnaarde, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Rudi Beyaert
- Unit for Molecular Signal Transduction in Inflammation VIB-UGent Center for Inflammation Research, VIB Technologiepark 927, 9052, Zwijnaarde, Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University Technologiepark 927, 9052, Zwijnaarde, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Roman Jerala
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Chemistry, Hajdrihova 19, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Jesus Jimenez-Barbero
- Molecular Recognition & Host-Pathogen Interactions Programme, CIC bioGUNE, Bizkaia Technology Park, Building 801 A, 48170, Derio, Spain.,Department of Organic Chemistry II, Faculty of Science & Technology, University of the Basque Country, 48940, Leioa, Bizkaia, Spain.,Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science, Maria Diaz de Haro 13, 48009, Bilbao, Spain
| | - Sonsoles Martin-Santamaria
- Department of Structural and Chemical Biology, Centro de Investigaciones Biologicas, CIB-CSIC, Ramiro de Maeztu, 9, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Francesco Peri
- Department of Biotechnology and Biosciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, Piazza della Scienza, 2, 20126, Milano, Italy.
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37
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Eslami M, Nezafat N, Negahdaripour M, Ghasemi Y. Computational approach to suggest a new multi-target-directed ligand as a potential medication for Alzheimer’s disease. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2019; 37:4825-4839. [DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2018.1564701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mahboobeh Eslami
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Navid Nezafat
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Manica Negahdaripour
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Younes Ghasemi
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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38
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Karaś MA, Turska-Szewczuk A, Janczarek M, Szuster-Ciesielska A. Glycoconjugates of Gram-negative bacteria and parasitic protozoa - are they similar in orchestrating the innate immune response? Innate Immun 2019; 25:73-96. [PMID: 30782045 PMCID: PMC6830889 DOI: 10.1177/1753425918821168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2018] [Accepted: 12/03/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Innate immunity is an evolutionarily ancient form of host defense that serves to limit infection. The invading microorganisms are detected by the innate immune system through germline-encoded PRRs. Different classes of PRRs, including TLRs and cytoplasmic receptors, recognize distinct microbial components known collectively as PAMPs. Ligation of PAMPs with receptors triggers intracellular signaling cascades, activating defense mechanisms. Despite the fact that Gram-negative bacteria and parasitic protozoa are phylogenetically distant organisms, they express glycoconjugates, namely bacterial LPS and protozoan GPI-anchored glycolipids, which share many structural and functional similarities. By activating/deactivating MAPK signaling and NF-κB, these ligands trigger general pro-/anti-inflammatory responses depending on the related patterns. They also use conservative strategies to subvert cell-autonomous defense systems of specialized immune cells. Signals triggered by Gram-negative bacteria and parasitic protozoa can interfere with host homeostasis and, depending on the type of microorganism, lead to hypersensitivity or silencing of the immune response. Activation of professional immune cells, through a ligand which triggers the opposite effect (antagonist versus agonist) appears to be a promising solution to restoring the immune balance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena A Karaś
- Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Maria Curie–Skłodowska
University, Lublin, Poland
| | - Anna Turska-Szewczuk
- Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Maria Curie–Skłodowska
University, Lublin, Poland
| | - Monika Janczarek
- Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Maria Curie–Skłodowska
University, Lublin, Poland
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39
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Palmer C, Peri F, Neumann F, Ahmad F, Leake DS, Pirianov G. The synthetic glycolipid-based TLR4 antagonist FP7 negatively regulates in vitro and in vivo haematopoietic and non-haematopoietic vascular TLR4 signalling. Innate Immun 2018; 24:411-421. [PMID: 30208782 PMCID: PMC6830872 DOI: 10.1177/1753425918798904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
TLRs, including TLR4, have been shown to play a crucial role in cardiovascular
inflammatory-based diseases. The main goal of this study was to determine the
potential of FP7, a synthetic glycolipid active as a TLR4 antagonist, to
modulate haematopoietic and non-haematopoietic vascular TLR4 pro-inflammatory
signalling. HUVEC, human THP-1 monocytes, THP-1-derived macrophages, mouse
RAW-264.7 macrophages and Angiotensin II-infused apolipoprotein E-deficient mice
were in vitro and in vivo models,
respectively. Western blotting, Ab array and ELISA approaches were used to
explore the effect of FP7 on TLR4 functional activity in response to bacterial
LPS (in vitro) and endogenous ligands of sterile inflammation
(in vitro and in vivo). Following
activation of TLR4, in vitro and in vivo data
revealed that FP7 inhibited p38 MAPK and p65 NF-kB phosphorylation associated
with down-regulation of a number of TLR4-dependent pro-inflammatory proteins. In
addition to inhibition of LPS-induced TLR4 signalling, FP7 negatively regulated
TLR4 activation in response to ligands of sterile inflammation
(hydroperoxide-rich oxidised LDL, in vitro and Angiotensin II
infusion, in vivo). These results demonstrate the ability of
FP7 to negatively regulate in vitro and in
vivo haematopoietic and non-haematopoietic vascular TLR4 signalling
both in humans and mice, suggesting the potential therapeutic use of this TLR4
antagonist for pharmacological intervention of vascular inflammatory
diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charys Palmer
- 1 Department of Biomedical and Forensic Sciences, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge, UK
| | - Francesco Peri
- 2 Department of Biotechnology and Biosciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, Italy
| | | | - Feroz Ahmad
- 4 School of Biological Sciences and Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research, University of Reading, Reading, UK
| | - David S Leake
- 4 School of Biological Sciences and Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research, University of Reading, Reading, UK
| | - Grisha Pirianov
- 1 Department of Biomedical and Forensic Sciences, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge, UK
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40
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Lembo-Fazio L, Billod JM, Di Lorenzo F, Paciello I, Pallach M, Vaz-Francisco S, Holgado A, Beyaert R, Fresno M, Shimoyama A, Lanzetta R, Fukase K, Gully D, Giraud E, Martín-Santamaría S, Bernardini ML, Silipo A. Bradyrhizobium Lipid A: Immunological Properties and Molecular Basis of Its Binding to the Myeloid Differentiation Protein-2/Toll-Like Receptor 4 Complex. Front Immunol 2018; 9:1888. [PMID: 30154796 PMCID: PMC6102379 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.01888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2018] [Accepted: 07/31/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Lipopolysaccharides (LPS) are potent activator of the innate immune response through the binding to the myeloid differentiation protein-2 (MD-2)/toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) receptor complexes. Although a variety of LPSs have been characterized so far, a detailed molecular description of the structure–activity relationship of the lipid A part has yet to be clarified. Photosynthetic Bradyrhizobium strains, symbiont of Aeschynomene legumes, express distinctive LPSs bearing very long-chain fatty acids with a hopanoid moiety covalently linked to the lipid A region. Here, we investigated the immunological properties of LPSs isolated from Bradyrhizobium strains on both murine and human immune systems. We found that they exhibit a weak agonistic activity and, more interestingly, a potent inhibitory effect on MD-2/TLR4 activation exerted by toxic enterobacterial LPSs. By applying computational modeling techniques, we also furnished a plausible explanation for the Bradyrhizobium LPS inhibitory activity at atomic level, revealing that its uncommon lipid A chemical features could impair the proper formation of the receptorial complex, and/or has a destabilizing effect on the pre-assembled complex itself.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luigi Lembo-Fazio
- Dipartimento di Biologia e Biotecnologie "C. Darwin", Sapienza-Università di Roma, Rome, Italy
| | - Jean-Marc Billod
- Department of Structural and Chemical Biology, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas, CIB-CSIC, Madrid, Spain
| | - Flaviana Di Lorenzo
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Complesso Universitario Monte Sant'Angelo, Università di Napoli Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Ida Paciello
- Dipartimento di Biologia e Biotecnologie "C. Darwin", Sapienza-Università di Roma, Rome, Italy
| | - Mateusz Pallach
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Complesso Universitario Monte Sant'Angelo, Università di Napoli Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | | | - Aurora Holgado
- Center for Inflammation Research, Unit of Molecular Signal Transduction in Inflammation, VIB, Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Rudi Beyaert
- Center for Inflammation Research, Unit of Molecular Signal Transduction in Inflammation, VIB, Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Manuel Fresno
- Diomune SL, Parque Científico de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Atsushi Shimoyama
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Rosa Lanzetta
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Complesso Universitario Monte Sant'Angelo, Università di Napoli Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Koichi Fukase
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Djamel Gully
- IRD, Laboratoire des Symbioses Tropicales et Méditerranéennes (LSTM), UMR IRD/SupAgro/INRA/UM2/CIRAD, TA-A82/J - Campus de Baillarguet, Montpellier, France
| | - Eric Giraud
- IRD, Laboratoire des Symbioses Tropicales et Méditerranéennes (LSTM), UMR IRD/SupAgro/INRA/UM2/CIRAD, TA-A82/J - Campus de Baillarguet, Montpellier, France
| | - Sonsoles Martín-Santamaría
- Department of Structural and Chemical Biology, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas, CIB-CSIC, Madrid, Spain
| | - Maria-Lina Bernardini
- Dipartimento di Biologia e Biotecnologie "C. Darwin", Sapienza-Università di Roma, Rome, Italy.,Istituto Pasteur Italia - Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Sapienza-Università di Roma, Rome, Italy
| | - Alba Silipo
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Complesso Universitario Monte Sant'Angelo, Università di Napoli Federico II, Naples, Italy
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41
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Perrin-Cocon L, Aublin-Gex A, Diaz O, Ramière C, Peri F, André P, Lotteau V. Toll-like Receptor 4-Induced Glycolytic Burst in Human Monocyte-Derived Dendritic Cells Results from p38-Dependent Stabilization of HIF-1α and Increased Hexokinase II Expression. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2018; 201:1510-1521. [PMID: 30037846 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1701522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2017] [Accepted: 07/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Cell metabolism now appears as an essential regulator of immune cells activation. In particular, TLR stimulation triggers metabolic reprogramming of dendritic cells (DCs) with an increased glycolytic flux, whereas inhibition of glycolysis alters their functional activation. The molecular mechanisms involved in the control of glycolysis upon TLR stimulation are poorly understood for human DCs. TLR4 activation of human monocyte-derived DCs (MoDCs) stimulated glycolysis with an increased glucose consumption and lactate production. Global hexokinase (HK) activity, controlling the initial rate-limiting step of glycolysis, was also increased. TLR4-induced glycolytic burst correlated with a differential modulation of HK isoenzymes. LPS strongly enhanced the expression of HK2, whereas HK3 was reduced, HK1 remained unchanged, and HK4 was not expressed. Expression of the other rate-limiting glycolytic enzymes was not significantly increased. Exploring the signaling pathways involved in LPS-induced glycolysis with various specific inhibitors, we observed that only the inhibitors of p38-MAPK (SB203580) and of HIF-1α DNA binding (echinomycin) reduced both the glycolytic activity and production of cytokines triggered by TLR4 stimulation. In addition, LPS-induced HK2 expression required p38-MAPK-dependent HIF-1α accumulation and transcriptional activity. TLR1/2 and TLR2/6 stimulation increased glucose consumption by MoDCs through alternate mechanisms that are independent of p38-MAPK activation. TBK1 contributed to glycolysis regulation when DCs were stimulated via TLR2/6. Therefore, our results indicate that TLR4-dependent upregulation of glycolysis in human MoDCs involves a p38-MAPK-dependent HIF-1α accumulation, leading to an increased HK activity supported by enhanced HK2 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laure Perrin-Cocon
- Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Biologie Cellulaire des Infections Virales, INSERM, U1111, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, UMR5308, École Normale Supérieure de Lyon, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Université de Lyon, Lyon, France; and
| | - Anne Aublin-Gex
- Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Biologie Cellulaire des Infections Virales, INSERM, U1111, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, UMR5308, École Normale Supérieure de Lyon, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Université de Lyon, Lyon, France; and
| | - Olivier Diaz
- Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Biologie Cellulaire des Infections Virales, INSERM, U1111, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, UMR5308, École Normale Supérieure de Lyon, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Université de Lyon, Lyon, France; and
| | - Christophe Ramière
- Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Biologie Cellulaire des Infections Virales, INSERM, U1111, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, UMR5308, École Normale Supérieure de Lyon, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Université de Lyon, Lyon, France; and
| | - Francesco Peri
- Department of Biotechnology and Biosciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milano, Italy
| | - Patrice André
- Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Biologie Cellulaire des Infections Virales, INSERM, U1111, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, UMR5308, École Normale Supérieure de Lyon, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Université de Lyon, Lyon, France; and
| | - Vincent Lotteau
- Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Biologie Cellulaire des Infections Virales, INSERM, U1111, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, UMR5308, École Normale Supérieure de Lyon, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Université de Lyon, Lyon, France; and
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