1
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Wen L, Liu H, Hu C, Wei Z, Meng Y, Lu C, Su Y, Lu L, Liang H, Xu Q, Zhan M. Thermoacoustic Imaging-Guided Thermo-Chemotherapy for Hepatocellular Carcinoma Sensitized by a Microwave-Responsive Nitric Oxide Nanogenerator. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:10477-10491. [PMID: 36790347 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c22523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Imaging-guided percutaneous microwave thermotherapy has been regarded as an important alternative nonsurgical therapeutic strategy for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) that provides excellent local tumor control and favorable survival benefit. However, providing a high-resolution, real-time, and noninvasive imaging technique for intraoperative guidance and controlling postoperative residual tumor recurrence are urgent needs for the clinical setting. In this study, a cisplatin (CDDP)-loaded nanocapsule (NPs@CDDP) with microwave responsive property was prepared to simultaneously serve as a contrast agent of emerging thermoacoustic imaging and a sensitizing agent of microwave thermo-chemotherapy. Accompanying the enzymolysis in the tumor microenvironment, the NPs@CDDP responsively release l-arginine (l-Arg) and CDDP. l-Arg with excellent microwave-absorbing property allowed it to serve as a thermoacoustic imaging contrast agent for accurately delineating the tumor and remarkably increasing tumor temperature under ultralow power microwave irradiation. Apart from the chemotherapeutic effect, CDDP elevated the intracellular H2O2 level through cascade reactions and further accelerated the continuous transformation of l-Arg to nitric oxide (NO), which endowed the NPs@CDDP with NO-generation capability. Notably, the high concentration of intracellular NO was proved to aggravate lipid peroxidation and greatly improved the efficacy of microwave thermo-chemotherapy. Thereby, NPs@CDDP was expected to serve as a theranostic agent integrating the functions of tumor microenvironment-responsive drug delivery system, contrast agent of thermoacoustic imaging, thermal sensitizing agent, and NO nanogenerator, which was promising to provide a potential imaging-guided therapeutic strategy for HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liewei Wen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Interventional Diagnosis and Treatment, Zhuhai People's Hospital (Zhuhai Hospital Affiliated with Jinan University), Jinan University, Zhuhai, Guangdong 519000, P.R. China
| | - Hongyi Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Interventional Diagnosis and Treatment, Zhuhai People's Hospital (Zhuhai Hospital Affiliated with Jinan University), Jinan University, Zhuhai, Guangdong 519000, P.R. China
| | - Cong Hu
- Department of General Surgery, Zhuhai People's Hospital (Zhuhai Hospital Affiliated with Jinan University), Jinan University, Zhuhai 519000, China
| | - Zixuan Wei
- Medical College, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Ya Meng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Interventional Diagnosis and Treatment, Zhuhai People's Hospital (Zhuhai Hospital Affiliated with Jinan University), Jinan University, Zhuhai, Guangdong 519000, P.R. China
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau SAR China
| | - Cuixia Lu
- Medical College, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Yanhong Su
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Interventional Diagnosis and Treatment, Zhuhai People's Hospital (Zhuhai Hospital Affiliated with Jinan University), Jinan University, Zhuhai, Guangdong 519000, P.R. China
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau SAR China
| | - Ligong Lu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Interventional Diagnosis and Treatment, Zhuhai People's Hospital (Zhuhai Hospital Affiliated with Jinan University), Jinan University, Zhuhai, Guangdong 519000, P.R. China
| | - Hui Liang
- Department of General Surgery, Zhuhai People's Hospital (Zhuhai Hospital Affiliated with Jinan University), Jinan University, Zhuhai 519000, China
| | - Qingbo Xu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Interventional Diagnosis and Treatment, Zhuhai People's Hospital (Zhuhai Hospital Affiliated with Jinan University), Jinan University, Zhuhai, Guangdong 519000, P.R. China
| | - Meixiao Zhan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Interventional Diagnosis and Treatment, Zhuhai People's Hospital (Zhuhai Hospital Affiliated with Jinan University), Jinan University, Zhuhai, Guangdong 519000, P.R. China
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2
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Chen H, Li T, Liu Z, Tang S, Tong J, Tao Y, Zhao Z, Li N, Mao C, Shen J, Wan M. A nitric-oxide driven chemotactic nanomotor for enhanced immunotherapy of glioblastoma. Nat Commun 2023; 14:941. [PMID: 36804924 PMCID: PMC9941476 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-35709-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
The major challenges of immunotherapy for glioblastoma are that drugs cannot target tumor sites accurately and properly activate complex immune responses. Herein, we design and prepare a kind of chemotactic nanomotor loaded with brain endothelial cell targeting agent angiopep-2 and anti-tumor drug (Lonidamine modified with mitochondrial targeting agent triphenylphosphine, TLND). Reactive oxygen species and inducible nitric oxide synthase (ROS/iNOS), which are specifically highly expressed in glioblastoma microenvironment, are used as chemoattractants to induce the chemotactic behavior of the nanomotors. We propose a precise targeting strategy of brain endothelial cells-tumor cells-mitochondria. Results verified that the released NO and TLND can regulate the immune circulation through multiple steps to enhance the effect of immunotherapy, including triggering the immunogenic cell death of tumor, inducing dendritic cells to mature, promoting cytotoxic T cells infiltration, and regulating tumor microenvironment. Moreover, this treatment strategy can form an effective immune memory effect to prevent tumor metastasis and recurrence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Chen
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Biomedical Functional Materials, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing Normal University, 210023, Nanjing, China
| | - Ting Li
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Biomedical Functional Materials, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing Normal University, 210023, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhiyong Liu
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Biomedical Functional Materials, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing Normal University, 210023, Nanjing, China
| | - Shuwan Tang
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Biomedical Functional Materials, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing Normal University, 210023, Nanjing, China
| | - Jintao Tong
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, 100871, Beijing, China
| | - Yingfang Tao
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Biomedical Functional Materials, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing Normal University, 210023, Nanjing, China
| | - Zinan Zhao
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Biomedical Functional Materials, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing Normal University, 210023, Nanjing, China
| | - Nan Li
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Biomedical Functional Materials, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing Normal University, 210023, Nanjing, China
| | - Chun Mao
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Biomedical Functional Materials, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing Normal University, 210023, Nanjing, China.
| | - Jian Shen
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Biomedical Functional Materials, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing Normal University, 210023, Nanjing, China
| | - Mimi Wan
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Biomedical Functional Materials, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing Normal University, 210023, Nanjing, China.
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3
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Shi J, Wang H, Wang Y, Peng Y, Huang X, Zhang Y, Geng H, Wang Y, Li X, Liu C, Liu C. Mitochondrion-targeting and in situ photocontrolled protein delivery via photocages. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY. B, BIOLOGY 2023; 238:112624. [PMID: 36521315 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2022.112624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Revised: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Defects in mitochondrial proteostasis contribute to many disorders, including cancer, neurodegeneration, and metabolic and genetic diseases. A strategy aimed at restoring the damaged mitochondrial proteostasis is the mitochondrion-targeting and carrier-free delivery of exogenous functional proteins that can replace the endogenous dysfunctional proteins. The modification of a protein with a photolabile protecting group (PPG, i.e., photocage group) can be activated in situ by response to illumination, leading to release of the protein from its photocage. Here, the Cys and peptide photocages with coumarin were first prepared and characterized for proof of concept. Then, we designed a pair of photocage groups PPG-RhB and PPG-TPP using coumarin and mitochondrion-targeting Rhodamine B (RhB) and triphenylphosphine (TPP), and another pair of organelle-nontarget photocage groups Br-PPG and NO2-PPG for comparison. The proteins modified with these two pairs of photocage groups undergo photolysis in solutions, and can penetrate cell membrane toward their destinations in the carrier-free fashions. The intracellular protein photocages are in situ activated by illumination at 405 nm, and the proteins are released from their photocages in mitochondria and cytoplasm, respectively. This strategy of light-responsive and carrier-free cellular delivery enables mitochondrial and cytoplasmic accumulation of exogenous proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayuan Shi
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology of Ministry Education, School of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, Hubei, PR China
| | - Huiling Wang
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology of Ministry Education, School of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, Hubei, PR China
| | - Yuhui Wang
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology of Ministry Education, School of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, Hubei, PR China
| | - Yujie Peng
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology of Ministry Education, School of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, Hubei, PR China
| | - Xiaoping Huang
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology of Ministry Education, School of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, Hubei, PR China
| | - Yunfeng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology of Ministry Education, School of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, Hubei, PR China
| | - Hongen Geng
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology of Ministry Education, School of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, Hubei, PR China
| | - Yi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology of Ministry Education, School of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, Hubei, PR China
| | - Xiang Li
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology of Ministry Education, School of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, Hubei, PR China; College of Health Science and Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, Hubei, PR China.
| | - Chunrong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology of Ministry Education, School of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, Hubei, PR China
| | - Changlin Liu
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology of Ministry Education, School of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, Hubei, PR China.
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A tumor microenvironment-activated metal-organic framework-based nanoplatform for amplified oxidative stress-induced enhanced chemotherapy. J Biol Chem 2022; 299:102742. [PMID: 36435198 PMCID: PMC9793314 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2022.102742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Revised: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Engineering a highly tumor microenvironment-responsive nanoplatform toward effective chemotherapy has always been a challenge in targeted cancer treatment. Metal-organic frameworks are a promising delivery system to reformulate previously approved drugs for enhanced chemotherapy, such as disulfiram (DSF). Herein, a tumor microenvironment-activated metal-organic framework-based nanoplatform DSF@MOF-199@FA has been fabricated to realize amplified oxidative stress-induced enhanced chemotherapy. Our results unveil that the copper ions and DSF released by DSF@MOF-199@FA in an acidic environment can be converted into toxic bis(N, N-diethyl dithiocarbamate) copper and then induce cell apoptosis. Simultaneously, we determined that the apoptosis outcome is further promoted by amplified oxidative stress through effective generation of reactive oxygen species and GSH elimination. In conclusion, this work provides a promising platform for effective anticancer treatment.
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5
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Jiao X, Chen W, Fan D. Behind the Veil: A multidisciplinary discussion on protein–microwave interactions. Curr Opin Food Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cofs.2022.100936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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6
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Chen X, Zhang S, Liu J, Ren M, Xing D, Qin H. Controlling dielectric loss of biodegradable black phosphorus nanosheets by iron-ion-modification for imaging-guided microwave thermoacoustic therapy. Biomaterials 2022; 287:121662. [PMID: 35797855 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2022.121662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Revised: 06/11/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Microwave-induced thermoacoustic (TA) technology transforms microwave into acoustic waves useable for imaging or therapy, based on the power density of the pulsed microwaves. Exploiting nanoparticles with high biocompatibility, safe metabolism, and high microwave-acoustic conversion is the key to the clinical translational application of TA therapy. In this paper, we proposed a biodegradable and high microwave absorption nanoparticle for TA therapy. The proposed nanoparticle uses iron ions to regulate the atomic defects of biodegradable black phosphorus (BP) nanosheets to augment the dielectric loss. The iron ions adsorb with the lone pair electrons indicated of BP through the conjugated π bond to increase the permanent electric dipoles. With pulsed microwave irradiation, a large number of electric dipoles are repeatedly polarized, causing instantaneous temperature rise and then generating significant TA shockwave via TA cavitation effect. TA shockwave can disrupt cell membranes in situ to trigger programmed apoptosis and produce precise anti-tumor effects. Additionally, the nanoparticle-mediated TA process generates images that deliver valuable data, such as the size, shape, and location of the tumor for treatment planning and monitoring. This hypothesis has been tested in vitro and in vivo with animal models of glioblastoma tumors. The experimental results demonstrate the high theragnostic efficiency for tumor inhibition and TA imaging, exhibiting low systemic cytotoxicity and good biocompatibility after systemic administration. The established BP-based nanoparticle with both safe metabolism and high microwave-acoustic conversion is a promising candidate for precision theranostics without obvious side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Chen
- MOE Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science & Institute of Laser Life Science, College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science, College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China.
| | - Shanxiang Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science & Institute of Laser Life Science, College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science, College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China.
| | - Jiaqian Liu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science & Institute of Laser Life Science, College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science, College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China.
| | - Mingyang Ren
- MOE Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science & Institute of Laser Life Science, College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science, College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China.
| | - Da Xing
- MOE Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science & Institute of Laser Life Science, College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science, College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China.
| | - Huan Qin
- MOE Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science & Institute of Laser Life Science, College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science, College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China; Guangzhou Key Lab of Spectral Analysis and Functional Probes, College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China.
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7
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Wang Z, Liu F, Liu Y, Huyan Y, Muhammad M, Xu Y, Li H, Sun S. Mitochondria-targeted nanoplatforms building for in situ ROS generating photodynamic tumor therapy through reinforcing mitochondria apoptotic pathway. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2022.129973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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8
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Zhang S, Li W, Chen X, Ren M, Zhang H, Xing D, Qin H. Manganous-manganic oxide nanoparticle as an activatable microwave-induced thermoacoustic probe for deep-located tumor specific imaging in vivo. PHOTOACOUSTICS 2022; 26:100347. [PMID: 35345808 PMCID: PMC8956819 DOI: 10.1016/j.pacs.2022.100347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Revised: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Deep-located tumor specific imaging has broad clinical applications in improving the accuracy of tumor diagnosis. Microwave-induced thermoacoustic imaging (MTAI), combining the high-contrast of microwave imaging with the high-resolution of ultrasound imaging, is a potential candidate for noninvasive tumor detection. Herein, a deep-located tumor specific MTAI method by tumor microenvironment (TME) activated nanoprobe is reported. In principle, manganous-manganic oxide-based nanoprobe can be triggered by TME with overexpressed glutathione and weak acidity, causing to release manganese ions and increase conductivity. With pulsed microwaves, manganese ions move repeatedly in gigahertz alternating electric field, resulting in a transient heating and thermoelastic expansion through the Joule effect, which yields a strong thermoacoustic (TA) wave in tumor site. In vitro and in vivo experiments demonstrate that manganous-manganic oxide-based nanoprobe could high-selectively amplify the TA signal in deep-located tumor. Our proposed tumor-specific MTAI method based on TME activation provides a potential approach for deep-located tumor detection.
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Key Words
- ATP, Adenosine triphosphate
- CCK-8, Cell counting kit-8
- CLSM, Confocal laser scanning microscopy
- CYS, Cysteine
- DMEM, Dulbecco’s modified Eagle’s medium
- Deep-located tumor specific imaging
- FBS, Fetal bovine serum
- FTIR, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy
- GSH, Glutathione
- Glutathione
- HEK, Human emborynic kidney
- Hcy, Homocysteine
- MNPs, Mn3O4-PEG-RGD nanoparticles
- MTAI, Microwave-induced thermoacoustic imaging
- Manganous-manganic oxide
- Microwave-induced thermoacoustic imaging
- NMR, Nuclear magnetic resonance
- TA, Thermoacoustic
- TEM, Transmission electron microscope
- TME, Tumor microenvironment
- Tumor microenvironment
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanxiang Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science & Institute of Laser Life Science, College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science, College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
| | - Wenjing Li
- MOE Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science & Institute of Laser Life Science, College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science, College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
| | - Xiaoyu Chen
- MOE Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science & Institute of Laser Life Science, College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science, College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
| | - Mingyang Ren
- MOE Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science & Institute of Laser Life Science, College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science, College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
| | - Huimin Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science & Institute of Laser Life Science, College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science, College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
| | - Da Xing
- MOE Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science & Institute of Laser Life Science, College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science, College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
- Corresponding authors at: MOE Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science & Institute of Laser Life Science, College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China.
| | - Huan Qin
- MOE Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science & Institute of Laser Life Science, College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science, College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
- Guangzhou Key Lab of Spectral Analysis and Functional Probes, College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
- Corresponding authors at: MOE Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science & Institute of Laser Life Science, College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China.
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9
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Li W, Zhang S, Xing D, Qin H. Pulsed Microwave-Induced Thermoacoustic Shockwave for Precise Glioblastoma Therapy with the Skin and Skull Intact. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2022; 18:e2201342. [PMID: 35585690 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202201342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Revised: 04/29/2022] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Glioblastoma has a dismal prognosis and is a critical and urgent health issue that requires aggressive research and determined clinical efforts. Due to its diffuse and infiltrative growth in the brain parenchyma, complete neurosurgical resection is rarely possible. Here, pulsed microwave-induced thermoacoustic (MTA) therapy is proposed as a potential alternative modality to precisely and effectively eradicate in vivo orthotopic glioblastoma. A nanoparticle composed of polar amino acids and adenosine-based agonists is constructed with high microwave absorbance and selective penetration of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) at the tumor site. This nanoparticle can activate the adenosine receptor on the BBB to allow self-passage and tumor accumulation. The nanoparticle converts absorbed microwaves into ultrasonic shockwaves via the thermoacoustic cavitation effect. The ultrasonic shockwave can mechanically destroy tumor cells within a short range with minimal damage to adjacent normal brain tissue due to the rapid decay of the ultrasonic shockwave intensity. The deep tissue penetration characteristics of the microwave and the rapid decay of the ultrasonic shockwave make MTA therapy a promising glioblastoma cure including intact skin and skull.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjing Li
- MOE Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science & Institute of Laser Life Science, College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, P. R. China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science, College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China
| | - Shanxiang Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science & Institute of Laser Life Science, College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, P. R. China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science, College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China
| | - Da Xing
- MOE Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science & Institute of Laser Life Science, College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, P. R. China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science, College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China
| | - Huan Qin
- MOE Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science & Institute of Laser Life Science, College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, P. R. China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science, College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China
- Guangzhou Key Lab of Spectral Analysis and Functional Probes, College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China
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10
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Sun M, Wang C, Lv M, Fan Z, Du J. Intracellular Self-Assembly of Peptides to Induce Apoptosis against Drug-Resistant Melanoma. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:7337-7345. [PMID: 35357824 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c00697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Biosynthesis has been a diverse toolbox to develop bioactive molecules and materials, especially for fabricating modified peptides and their assemblies induced by enzymes. Although desired chemical structures and nanoarchitectures have been achieved, the subsequent interferences of peptide assemblies with organelles and the cellular pathways still remain unsolved important challenges. Herein, we developed a new tripeptide, phenylalanine-phenylalanine-tyrosine (Phe-Phe-Tyr, or FFY), which can be intracellularly oxidized and in situ self-assemble into nanoparticles with excellent interference capability with microtubules and ultimately reverse the drug resistance of melanoma. With the catalysis of tyrosinase, FFY was first oxidized to a melanin-like FFY dimer (mFFY) with a diquinone structure for further self-assembling into mFFY assemblies, which could inhibit the self-polymerization of tubulin to induce severe G2/M arrest (13.9% higher than control). Afterward, mitochondrial dysfunction was also induced for overproduction of cleaved caspase 3 (3.1 times higher than control) and cleaved PARP (6.3 times higher), achieving a high level of resistant reversing without chemotherapeutic drugs. In vivo studies showed that the resistant melanoma tumor volumes were reduced by 87.4% compared to control groups after FFY treatment by peritumoral injections. Overall, this tyrosinase-induced tripeptide assembly has been demonstrated with effective intrinsic apoptosis against drug-resistant melanoma, providing a new insight into utilizing biomolecules to interfere with organelles to activate certain apoptosis pathways for treatment of drug-resistant cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Sun
- Department of Polymeric Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tongji University, 4800 Caoan Road, Shanghai 201804, China
| | - Congyu Wang
- Department of Polymeric Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tongji University, 4800 Caoan Road, Shanghai 201804, China
| | - Mingchen Lv
- Department of Polymeric Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tongji University, 4800 Caoan Road, Shanghai 201804, China
| | - Zhen Fan
- Department of Polymeric Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tongji University, 4800 Caoan Road, Shanghai 201804, China.,Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Shanghai Fourth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200434, China.,Institute for Advanced Study, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Jianzhong Du
- Department of Polymeric Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tongji University, 4800 Caoan Road, Shanghai 201804, China.,Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Shanghai Fourth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200434, China
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11
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Yang S, Leong J, Wang Y, Sim R, Tan KH, Chua YH, Tan N, Lee ALZ, Tay J, Yang YY. Drug-free neutrally charged polypeptide nanoparticles as anticancer agents. J Control Release 2022; 345:464-474. [PMID: 35331785 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2022.03.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2021] [Revised: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Cationic synthetic anticancer polymers and peptides have attracted increasing attention for advancing cancer treatment without causing drug resistance development. To circumvent in vivo instability and toxicity caused by cationic charges of the anticancer polymers/peptides, we report, for the first time, a nanoparticulate delivery system self-assembled from a negatively charged pH-sensitive polypeptide poly(ethylene glycol)-b-poly(ʟ-lysine)-graft-cyclohexene-1,2-dicarboxylic anhydride and a cationic anticancer polypeptide guanidinium-functionalized poly(ʟ-lysine) (PLL-Gua) via electrostatic interaction. The formation of nanoparticles (Gua-NPs) neutralized the positive charges of PLL-Gua. Both PLL-Gua and Gua-NPs killed cancer cells in a dose- and time-dependent manner, and induced cell death via apoptosis. Confocal microscopic studies demonstrated that PLL-Gua and Gua-NPs readily entered cancer cells, and Gua-NPs were taken up by the cells via endocytosis. Notably, Gua-NPs and PLL-Gua exhibited similar in vitro anticancer efficacy against MCF-7 and resistant MCF-7/ADR. PLL-Gua and Gua-NPs also induced similar morphological changes in MCF-7/ADR cells compared to MCF-7 cells, further indicating their ability to bypass drug resistance mechanisms in the MCF-7/ADR cells. More importantly, Gua-NPs with higher LD50 and enhanced tumor accumulation significantly inhibited tumor growth with negligible side effects in vivo. Our findings shed light on the in vivo delivery of anticancer peptides and opened a new avenue for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengcai Yang
- Institute of Bioengineering and Bioimaging, 31 Biopolis Way, Singapore 138669, Singapore
| | - Jiayu Leong
- Institute of Bioengineering and Bioimaging, 31 Biopolis Way, Singapore 138669, Singapore
| | - Yanming Wang
- Institute of Bioengineering and Bioimaging, 31 Biopolis Way, Singapore 138669, Singapore
| | - Rachel Sim
- Institute of Bioengineering and Bioimaging, 31 Biopolis Way, Singapore 138669, Singapore
| | - Ko Hui Tan
- Institute of Bioengineering and Bioimaging, 31 Biopolis Way, Singapore 138669, Singapore
| | - Yau Hong Chua
- Institute of Bioengineering and Bioimaging, 31 Biopolis Way, Singapore 138669, Singapore
| | - Nathanael Tan
- Institute of Bioengineering and Bioimaging, 31 Biopolis Way, Singapore 138669, Singapore; School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore 639798, Singapore
| | - Ashlynn L Z Lee
- Institute of Bioengineering and Bioimaging, 31 Biopolis Way, Singapore 138669, Singapore
| | - Joyce Tay
- Institute of Bioengineering and Bioimaging, 31 Biopolis Way, Singapore 138669, Singapore
| | - Yi Yan Yang
- Institute of Bioengineering and Bioimaging, 31 Biopolis Way, Singapore 138669, Singapore; Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119288, Singapore.
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12
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Wang Q, Qu B, Li J, Liu Y, Dong J, Peng X, Zhang R. Multifunctional MnO 2/Ag 3SbS 3 Nanotheranostic Agent for Single-Laser-Triggered Tumor Synergistic Therapy in the NIR-II Biowindow. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:4980-4994. [PMID: 35050589 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c21752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Regulating the level of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in a tumor is an efficient and innovative anticancer strategy. However, the therapeutic efficacy of ROS-based therapies, such as chemodynamic therapy (CDT) and photodynamic therapy (PDT), offers finite outcomes due to the oxygen dependence and limited concentration of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and overexpression of glutathione (GSH) within the tumor microenvironment (TME), so a single therapeutic strategy is insufficient to completely eliminate tumors. Therefore, we demonstrated an omnipotent nanoplatform MnO2/Ag3SbS3 (abbreviated as MA) with strong optical absorbance in the NIR-II biowindow and oxygen self-sufficient ROS-mediated ability, which not only relieves tumor hypoxia significantly but also enhances the photothermal therapy (PTT)/PDT/CDT efficacy. By 1064 nm laser irradiation, MnO2/Ag3SbS3 nanoparticles (NPs) reveal a favorable photothermal conversion efficiency of 23.15% and achieve a single-laser-triggered NIR-II PTT/PDT effect, resulting in effective tumor elimination. Once internalized into the tumor, MnO2/Ag3SbS3 NPs will be degraded to Mn2+ and Ag3SbS3. The released Ag3SbS3 NPs as a NIR-II phototherapy agent could be utilized for photoacoustic imaging-guided NIR-II PDT/PTT. Mn2+ could be used as a Fenton-like catalyst to continuously catalyze endogenous H2O2 for generating highly virulent hydroxyl radicals (•OH) for CDT and O2 for PDT, enhancing the efficiency of PDT and CDT, respectively. Meanwhile, Mn2+ realizes magnetic resonance imaging-guided accurate tumor therapy. Moreover, the MnO2/Ag3SbS3 NPs could deplete intracellular GSH in TME to promote oxidative stress of the tumor, further strengthening ROS-mediated antitumor treatment efficacy. Overall, this work presents a distinctive paradigm of TME-responsive PDT/CDT/PTT in the second near-infrared biowindow by depleting GSH and decomposing H2O2 for efficient and precise cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Wang
- General Surgery Department, The Radiology Department of Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Taiyuan 030032, China
| | - Botao Qu
- General Surgery Department, The Radiology Department of Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Taiyuan 030032, China
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Cellular Physiology, Ministry of Education, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China
| | - Juan Li
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Cellular Physiology, Ministry of Education, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China
| | - Yuqin Liu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Cellular Physiology, Ministry of Education, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China
| | - Jie Dong
- General Surgery Department, The Radiology Department of Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Taiyuan 030032, China
| | - Xiaoyang Peng
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Cellular Physiology, Ministry of Education, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China
| | - Ruiping Zhang
- General Surgery Department, The Radiology Department of Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Taiyuan 030032, China
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Cellular Physiology, Ministry of Education, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China
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13
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Yang K, Yang Z, Yu G, Nie Z, Wang R, Chen X. Polyprodrug Nanomedicines: An Emerging Paradigm for Cancer Therapy. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2022; 34:e2107434. [PMID: 34693571 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202107434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2021] [Revised: 10/16/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Nanomedicines have the potential to provide advanced therapeutic strategies in combating tumors. Polymer-prodrug-based nanomedicines are particularly attractive in cancer therapies owing to the maximum drug loading, prolonged blood circulation, and reduced premature leakage and side effects in comparison with conventional nanomaterials. However, the difficulty in precisely tuning the composition and drug loading of polymer-drug conjugates leads to batch-to-batch variations of the prodrugs, thus significantly restricting their clinical translation. Polyprodrug nanomedicines inherit the numerous intrinsic advantages of polymer-drug conjugates and exhibit well-controlled composition and drug loading via direct polymerization of therapeutic monomers, representing a promising nanomedicine for clinical tumor therapies. In this review, recent advances in the development of polyprodrug nanomedicines are summarized for tumor elimination. Various types of polyprodrug nanomedicines and the corresponding properties are first summarized. The unique advantages of polyprodrug nanomedicines and their key roles in various tumor therapies are further highlighted. Finally, current challenges and the perspectives on future research of polyprodrug nanomedicines are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuikun Yang
- School of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150080, P. R. China
| | - Zhiqing Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Science, University of Macau, Avenida da Universidade, Taipa, Macau, 999078, P. R. China
- MoE Frontiers Science Center for Precision Oncology, University of Macau, Macau, P. R. China
| | - Guocan Yu
- Key Lab of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China
| | - Zhihong Nie
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, P. R. China
| | - Ruibing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Science, University of Macau, Avenida da Universidade, Taipa, Macau, 999078, P. R. China
- MoE Frontiers Science Center for Precision Oncology, University of Macau, Macau, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoyuan Chen
- Departments of Diagnostic Radiology, Surgery, Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering and Biomedical Engineering, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine and Faculty of Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 119074, Singapore
- Clinical Imaging Research Centre, Centre for Translational Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117599, Singapore
- Nanomedicine Translational Research Program, NUS Center for Nanomedicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117597, Singapore
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14
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Xie L, Liu R, Chen X, He M, Zhang Y, Chen S. Micelles Based on Lysine, Histidine, or Arginine: Designing Structures for Enhanced Drug Delivery. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2021; 9:744657. [PMID: 34646819 PMCID: PMC8503256 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2021.744657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Natural amino acids and their derivatives are excellent building blocks of polymers for various biomedical applications owing to the non-toxicity, biocompatibility, and ease of multifunctionalization. In the present review, we summarized the common approaches to designing and constructing functional polymeric micelles based on basic amino acids including lysine, histidine, and arginine and highlighted their applications as drug carriers for cancer therapy. Different polypeptide architectures including linear polypeptides and dendrimers were developed for efficient drug loading and delivery. Besides, polylysine- and polyhistidine-based micelles could enable pH-responsive drug release, and polyarginine can realize enhanced membrane penetration and gas therapy by generating metabolites of nitric oxide (NO). It is worth mentioning that according to the structural or functional characteristics of basic amino acids and their derivatives, key points for designing functional micelles with excellent drug delivery efficiency are importantly elaborated in order to pave the way for exploring micelles based on basic amino acids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Xie
- School of Medicine and Nursing, Chengdu University, Chengdu, China
| | - Rong Liu
- School of Medicine and Nursing, Chengdu University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xin Chen
- School of Medicine and Nursing, Chengdu University, Chengdu, China
| | - Mei He
- School of Medicine and Nursing, Chengdu University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- School of Medicine and Nursing, Chengdu University, Chengdu, China
| | - Shuyi Chen
- School of Medicine and Nursing, Chengdu University, Chengdu, China
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15
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Sun Z, Chen W, Liu J, Yu B, Jiang C, Lu L. Mitochondria-Targeting Enhanced Phototherapy by Intrinsic Characteristics Engineered "One-for-All" Nanoparticles. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:35568-35578. [PMID: 34286585 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c10850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondria-targeted synergistic therapy, including photothermal (PTT) and photodynamic therapy (PDT), has aroused wide attention due to the high sensitivity to reactive oxygen species (ROS) and heat shock of mitochondria. However, most of the developed nanosystems for the combinatorial functions require the integration of different components, such as photosensitizers and mitochondria-targeted molecules. Consequently, it indispensably requires sophisticated design and complex synthetic procedures. In this work, a well-designed Bi2S3-based nanoneedle, that localizes to mitochondria and produces extra ROS with inherent photothermal effect, was reported by doping of Fe (denoted as FeBS). The engineered intrinsic characteristics certify the capacity of such "one-for-all" nanosystems without additional molecules. The lipophilicity and surface positive charge are demonstrated as crucial factors for specifical mitochondria targeting. Significantly, Fe doping overcomes the disadvantage of the narrow band gap of Bi2S3 to prevent the fast recombination of electron-hole, hence resulting in the generation of ROS for PDT. The "one-for-all" nanoparticles integrate with mitochondria-targeting and synergistic effect of PDT and PTT, thus exhibit enhanced therapeutic effect and inhibit the growth of tumors observably. This strategy may open a new direction in designing the mitochondria-targeted materials and broadening the properties of inorganic semiconductor materials for satisfactory therapeutic outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Changchun 130022, P. R. China
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, Anhui P. R. China
| | - Weihua Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Changchun 130022, P. R. China
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, Anhui P. R. China
| | - Jianhua Liu
- Department of Radiology, Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130041, P. R. China
| | - Bin Yu
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, Anhui P. R. China
| | - Chunhuan Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Changchun 130022, P. R. China
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, Anhui P. R. China
| | - Lehui Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Changchun 130022, P. R. China
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, Anhui P. R. China
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16
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Liu W, Xiang H, Tan M, Chen Q, Jiang Q, Yang L, Cao Y, Wang Z, Ran H, Chen Y. Nanomedicine Enables Drug-Potency Activation with Tumor Sensitivity and Hyperthermia Synergy in the Second Near-Infrared Biowindow. ACS NANO 2021; 15:6457-6470. [PMID: 33750100 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.0c08848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Disulfiram (DSF), a U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved drug for the treatment of chronic alcoholism, is also used as an antitumor drug in combination with Cu2+ ions. However, studies have shown that the endogenous Cu2+ dose in tumor tissues is still insufficient to form relatively high levels of a bis(N,N-diethyldithiocarbamate) copper(II) complex (denoted as Cu(DTC)2) to selectively eradicate cancer cells. Here, DSF-loaded hollow copper sulfide nanoparticles (DSF@PEG-HCuSNPs) were designed to achieve tumor microenvironment (TME)-activated in situ formation of cytotoxic Cu(DTC)2 for NIR-II-induced, photonic hyperthermia-enhanced, and DSF-initiated cancer chemotherapy. The acidic TME triggered the gradual degradation of DSF@PEG-HCuSNPs, promoting the rapid release of DSF and Cu2+ ions, causing the in situ formation of cytotoxic Cu(DTC)2, to achieve efficient DSF-based chemotherapy. Additionally, DSF@PEG-HCuSNPs exhibited a notably high photothermal conversion efficiency of 23.8% at the second near-infrared (NIR-II) biowindow, thus significantly inducing photonic hyperthermia to eliminate cancer cells. Both in vitro and in vivo studies confirmed the effective photonic hyperthermia-induced chemotherapeutic efficacy of DSF by integrating the in situ formation of toxic Cu(DTC)2 complexes and evident temperature elevation upon NIR-II laser irradiation. Thus, this study represents a distinctive paradigm of in situ Cu2+ chelation-initiated "nontoxicity-to-toxicity" transformation for photonic hyperthermia-augmented DSF-based cancer chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiwei Liu
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Ultrasound Molecular Imaging, Institute of Ultrasound Imaging, Ultrasound Department of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, People's Republic of China
| | - Huijing Xiang
- Materdicine Lab, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, People's Republic of China
- State Key Lab of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, People's Republic of China
| | - Mixiao Tan
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Ultrasound Molecular Imaging, Institute of Ultrasound Imaging, Ultrasound Department of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiaoqi Chen
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Ultrasound Molecular Imaging, Institute of Ultrasound Imaging, Ultrasound Department of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, People's Republic of China
| | - Qinqin Jiang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Ultrasound Molecular Imaging, Institute of Ultrasound Imaging, Ultrasound Department of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, People's Republic of China
| | - Lu Yang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Ultrasound Molecular Imaging, Institute of Ultrasound Imaging, Ultrasound Department of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Cao
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Ultrasound Molecular Imaging, Institute of Ultrasound Imaging, Ultrasound Department of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhigang Wang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Ultrasound Molecular Imaging, Institute of Ultrasound Imaging, Ultrasound Department of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, People's Republic of China
| | - Haitao Ran
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Ultrasound Molecular Imaging, Institute of Ultrasound Imaging, Ultrasound Department of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Chen
- Materdicine Lab, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, People's Republic of China
- State Key Lab of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, People's Republic of China
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17
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Zheng P, Ding B, Shi R, Jiang Z, Xu W, Li G, Ding J, Chen X. A Multichannel Ca 2+ Nanomodulator for Multilevel Mitochondrial Destruction-Mediated Cancer Therapy. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2021; 33:e2007426. [PMID: 33675268 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202007426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 122] [Impact Index Per Article: 40.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Revised: 12/30/2020] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Subcellular organelle-targeted nanoformulations for cancer theranostics are receiving increasing attention owing to their benefits of precise drug delivery, maximized therapeutic index, and reduced off-target side effects. Herein, a multichannel calcium ion (Ca2+ ) nanomodulator (CaNMCUR+CDDP ), i.e., a cisplatin (CDDP) and curcumin (CUR) co-incorporating calcium carbonate (CaCO3 ) nanoparticle, is prepared by a facile one-pot strategy in a sealed container with in situ synthesized polydopamine (PDA) as a template to enhance Ca2+ -overload-induced mitochondrial dysfunction in cancer therapy. After systemic administration, the PEGylated CaNMCUR+CDDP (PEG CaNMCUR+CDDP ) selectively accumulates in tumor tissues, enters tumor cells, and induces multilevel destruction of mitochondria by the combined effects of burst Ca2+ release, Ca2+ efflux inhibition by CUR, and chemotherapeutic CDDP, thereby observably boosting mitochondria-targeted tumor inhibition. Fluorescence imaging of CUR combined with photoacoustic imaging of PDA facilitates the visualization of the nanomodulator. The facile and practical design of this multichannel Ca2+ nanomodulator will contribute to the development of multimodal bioimaging-guided organelle-targeted cancer therapy in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pan Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 5625 Renmin Street, Changchun, 130022, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Binbin Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 5625 Renmin Street, Changchun, 130022, P. R. China
| | - Run Shi
- Faculty of Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Theresienstraße 39, D-80333, München, Germany
| | - Zhongyu Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 5625 Renmin Street, Changchun, 130022, P. R. China
| | - Weiguo Xu
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 5625 Renmin Street, Changchun, 130022, P. R. China
| | - Gao Li
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 5625 Renmin Street, Changchun, 130022, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Jianxun Ding
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 5625 Renmin Street, Changchun, 130022, P. R. China
| | - Xuesi Chen
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 5625 Renmin Street, Changchun, 130022, P. R. China
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18
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Hao Q, Wang Z, Zhao W, Wen L, Wang W, Lu S, Xing D, Zhan M, Hu X. Dual-Responsive Polyprodrug Nanoparticles with Cascade-Enhanced Magnetic Resonance Signals for Deep-Penetration Drug Release in Tumor Therapy. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:49489-49501. [PMID: 33079514 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c16110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Smart transformable nanocarriers are promising to treat deep-seated diseases but require adaptable diagnostic/imaging potency to reflect the morphology change and therapeutic feedback, yet their design and synthesis remains challenging. Herein, stimuli-responsive polyprodrug nanoparticles (SPNs) are formulated from the co-assembly of negatively charged corona and positively charged polyprodrug cores, exhibiting high loading content of camptothecin (CPT, ∼28.6 wt %) tethered via disulfide linkages in the core. SPNs are sequentially sensitive to tumor acidic condition and elevated reductive milieu in the cytosol for deep-penetration drug delivery. Upon accumulation at acidic tumor sites, SPNs dissociate to release smaller positively charged polyprodrug nanoparticles, which efficiently enter deep-seated tumor cells to trigger high-dosage parent CPT release in the reductive cytosolic milieu. Meanwhile, the polyprodrug cores of SPNs labeled with DTPA(Gd), a magnetic resonance imaging contrast agent, can trace the cascade degradation and biodistribution of SPNs as well as the resulting intracellular CPT release. The longitudinal relaxivity of SPNs increases stepwise in the above two processes. The size-switchable polyprodrug nanoparticles exhibit remarkable tumor penetration and noteworthy tumor inhibition in vitro and in vivo, which are promising for endogenously activated precision diagnostics and therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiubo Hao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science & Institute of Laser Life Science, College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science, College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
| | - Zhixiong Wang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science & Institute of Laser Life Science, College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science, College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
| | - Wei Zhao
- Division of Vascular and Interventional Radiology, Department of General Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Liewei Wen
- MOE Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science & Institute of Laser Life Science, College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science, College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
| | - Wenhui Wang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science & Institute of Laser Life Science, College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science, College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
| | - Siyu Lu
- Green Catalysis Center, College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450000, China
| | - Da Xing
- MOE Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science & Institute of Laser Life Science, College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science, College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
| | - Meixiao Zhan
- Zhuhai Precision Medical Center, Zhuhai People's Hospital, Zhuhai Hospital Affiliated with Jinan University, Jinan University, Zhuhai, Guangdong 519000, China
| | - Xianglong Hu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science & Institute of Laser Life Science, College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science, College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
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19
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Zeng F, Qin H, Liu L, Chang H, Chen Q, Wu L, Zhang L, Wu Z, Xing D. Photoacoustic-immune therapy with a multi-purpose black phosphorus-based nanoparticle. NANO RESEARCH 2020; 13:3403-3415. [PMID: 32904446 PMCID: PMC7455780 DOI: 10.1007/s12274-020-3028-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2020] [Revised: 07/28/2020] [Accepted: 08/01/2020] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Effective therapeutic strategies to precisely eradicate primary tumors with minimal side effects on normal tissue, inhibit metastases, and prevent tumor relapses, are the ultimate goals in the battle against cancer. We report a novel therapeutic strategy that combines adjuvant black phosphorus nanoparticle-based photoacoustic (PA) therapy with checkpoint-blockade immunotherapy. With the mitochondria targeting nanoparticle, PA therapy can achieve localized mechanical damage of mitochondria via PA cavitation and thus achieve precise eradication of the primary tumor. More importantly, PA therapy can generate tumor-associated antigens via the presence of the R848-containing nanoparticles as an adjuvant to promote strong antitumor immune responses. When combined with the checkpoint-blockade using anti-cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen-4, the generated immunological responses will further promote the infiltrating CD8 and CD4 T-cells to increase the CD8/Foxp3 T-cell ratio to inhibit the growth of distant tumors beyond the direct impact range of the PA therapy. Furthermore, the number of memory T cells detected in the spleen is increased, and these cells inhibit tumor recurrence. This proposed strategy offers precise eradication of the primary tumor and can induce long-term tumor-specific immunity. ELECTRONIC SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL Supplementary material is available for this article at 10.1007/s12274-020-3028-x and is accessible for authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fanchu Zeng
- MOE Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science & Institute of Laser Life Science, College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631 China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science, College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631 China
| | - Huan Qin
- MOE Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science & Institute of Laser Life Science, College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631 China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science, College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631 China
| | - Liming Liu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science & Institute of Laser Life Science, College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631 China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science, College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631 China
| | - Haocai Chang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science & Institute of Laser Life Science, College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631 China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science, College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631 China
| | - Qun Chen
- MOE Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science & Institute of Laser Life Science, College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631 China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science, College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631 China
| | - Linghua Wu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science & Institute of Laser Life Science, College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631 China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science, College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631 China
| | - Le Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science & Institute of Laser Life Science, College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631 China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science, College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631 China
| | - Zhujun Wu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science & Institute of Laser Life Science, College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631 China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science, College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631 China
| | - Da Xing
- MOE Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science & Institute of Laser Life Science, College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631 China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science, College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631 China
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Ovais M, Mukherjee S, Pramanik A, Das D, Mukherjee A, Raza A, Chen C. Designing Stimuli-Responsive Upconversion Nanoparticles that Exploit the Tumor Microenvironment. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2020; 32:e2000055. [PMID: 32227413 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202000055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2020] [Revised: 02/19/2020] [Accepted: 02/20/2020] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Tailoring personalized cancer nanomedicines demands detailed understanding of the tumor microenvironment. In recent years, smart upconversion nanoparticles with the ability to exploit the unique characteristics of the tumor microenvironment for precise targeting have been designed. To activate upconversion nanoparticles, various bio-physicochemical characteristics of the tumor microenvironment, namely, acidic pH, redox reactants, and hypoxia, are exploited. Stimuli-responsive upconversion nanoparticles also utilize the excessive presence of adenosine triphosphate (ATP), riboflavin, and Zn2+ in tumors. An overview of the design of stimulus-responsive upconversion nanoparticles that precisely target and respond to tumors via targeting the tumor microenvironment and intracellular signals is provided. Detailed understanding of the tumor microenvironment and the personalized design of upconversion nanoparticles will result in more effective clinical translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Ovais
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
- School of Nanoscience and Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Sudip Mukherjee
- Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, 6500 Main St Ste 1030, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Arindam Pramanik
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Devlina Das
- Department of Biotechnology, PSG College of Technology, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, 641004, India
| | - Anubhab Mukherjee
- Department of Formulation, R&D, Aavishkar Oral Strips Pvt. Ltd., Cherlapally, Hyderabad, 500051, India
| | - Abida Raza
- NILOP Nanomedicine Research Laboratories (NNRL), National Institute of Lasers and Optronics College, Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences Lehtrar Road, Islamabad, 45650, Pakistan
| | - Chunying Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
- School of Nanoscience and Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
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21
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Guo X, Cao B, Wang C, Lu S, Hu X. In vivo photothermal inhibition of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus infection by in situ templated formulation of pathogen-targeting phototheranostics. NANOSCALE 2020; 12:7651-7659. [PMID: 32207761 DOI: 10.1039/d0nr00181c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Bacterial infection has caused a serious threat to human public health. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a representative drug-resistant bacterium, which is difficult to eradicate completely, resulting in high infection probability with severe mortality. Herein, pathogen-targeting phototheranostic nanoparticles, Van-OA@PPy, are developed for efficient elimination of MRSA infection. Van-OA@PPy nanoparticles are fabricated from the in situ templated formation of polypyrrole (PPy) in the presence of ferric ions (Fe3+) and a polymer template, hydrophilic poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate-co-N,N-dimethyl acrylamide), P(HEMA-co-DMA). PPy nanoparticles are further coated with vancomycin conjugated oleic acid (Van-OA) to afford the resultant pathogen-targeting Van-OA@PPy. A high photothermal conversion efficiency of ∼49.4% is achieved. MRSA can be efficiently killed due to sufficient nanoparticle adhesion and fusion with MRSA, followed by photothermal therapy upon irradiation with an 808 nm laser. Remarkable membrane damage of MRSA is observed, which contributes greatly to the inhibition of MRSA infection. Furthermore, the nanoparticles have high stability and good biocompatibility without causing any detectable side effects. On the other hand, residual Fe3+ and PPy moieties in Van-OA@PPy endow the nanoparticles with magnetic resonance (MR) imaging and photoacoustic (PA) imaging potency, respectively. The current strategy has the potential to inspire further advances in precise diagnosis and efficient elimination of MRSA infection in biomedicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xujuan Guo
- MOE Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science & Institute of Laser Life Science, College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China.
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22
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Zheng Z, Liu H, Zhai S, Zhang H, Shan G, Kwok RTK, Ma C, Sung HHY, Williams ID, Lam JWY, Wong KS, Hu X, Tang BZ. Highly efficient singlet oxygen generation, two-photon photodynamic therapy and melanoma ablation by rationally designed mitochondria-specific near-infrared AIEgens. Chem Sci 2020; 11:2494-2503. [PMID: 34084415 PMCID: PMC8157451 DOI: 10.1039/c9sc06441a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Photosensitizers (PSs) with multiple characteristics, including efficient singlet oxygen (1O2) generation, cancer cell-selective accumulation and subsequent mitochondrial localization as well as near-infrared (NIR) excitation and bright NIR emission, are promising candidates for imaging-guided photodynamic therapy (PDT) but rarely concerned. Herein, a simple rational strategy, namely modulation of donor-acceptor (D-A) strength, for molecular engineering of mitochondria-targeting aggregation-induced emission (AIE) PSs with desirable characteristics including highly improved 1O2 generation efficiency, NIR emission (736 nm), high specificity to mitochondria, good biocompatibility, high brightness and superior photostability is demonstrated. Impressively, upon light irradiation, the optimal NIR AIE PS (DCQu) can generate 1O2 with efficiency much higher than those of commercially available PSs. The excellent two-photon absorption properties of DCQu allow two-photon fluorescence imaging of mitochondria and subsequent two-photon excited PDT. DCQu can selectively differentiate cancer cells from normal cells without the aid of extra targeting ligands. Upon ultralow-power light irradiation at 4.2 mW cm-2, in situ mitochondrial photodynamic activation to specifically damage cancer cells and efficient in vivo melanoma ablation are demonstrated, suggesting superior potency of the AIE PS in imaging-guided PDT with minimal side effects, which is promising for future precision medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Zheng
- Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, Institute for Advanced Study, Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Molecular Functional Materials, Division of Life Science, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (HKUST) Clear Water Bay Kowloon Hong Kong China
| | - Haixiang Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, Institute for Advanced Study, Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Molecular Functional Materials, Division of Life Science, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (HKUST) Clear Water Bay Kowloon Hong Kong China
| | - Shaodong Zhai
- MOE Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science, Institute of Laser Life Science, College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University 55 Zhongshan Avenue West Guangzhou 510631 China
| | - Haoke Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, Institute for Advanced Study, Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Molecular Functional Materials, Division of Life Science, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (HKUST) Clear Water Bay Kowloon Hong Kong China
| | - Guogang Shan
- Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, Institute for Advanced Study, Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Molecular Functional Materials, Division of Life Science, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (HKUST) Clear Water Bay Kowloon Hong Kong China
| | - Ryan T K Kwok
- Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, Institute for Advanced Study, Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Molecular Functional Materials, Division of Life Science, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (HKUST) Clear Water Bay Kowloon Hong Kong China
| | - Chao Ma
- Department of Physics, HKUST Clear Water Bay Kowloon Hong Kong China
| | - Herman H Y Sung
- Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, Institute for Advanced Study, Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Molecular Functional Materials, Division of Life Science, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (HKUST) Clear Water Bay Kowloon Hong Kong China
| | - Ian D Williams
- Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, Institute for Advanced Study, Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Molecular Functional Materials, Division of Life Science, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (HKUST) Clear Water Bay Kowloon Hong Kong China
| | - Jacky W Y Lam
- Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, Institute for Advanced Study, Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Molecular Functional Materials, Division of Life Science, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (HKUST) Clear Water Bay Kowloon Hong Kong China
| | - Kam Sing Wong
- Department of Physics, HKUST Clear Water Bay Kowloon Hong Kong China
| | - Xianglong Hu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science, Institute of Laser Life Science, College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University 55 Zhongshan Avenue West Guangzhou 510631 China
| | - Ben Zhong Tang
- Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, Institute for Advanced Study, Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Molecular Functional Materials, Division of Life Science, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (HKUST) Clear Water Bay Kowloon Hong Kong China .,HKUST-Shenzhen Research Institute No. 9 Yuexing 1st RD, South Area, Hi-tech Park, Nanshan Shenzhen 518057 China.,Center for Aggregation-Induced Emission, SCUT-HKUST Joint Research Institute, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology Guangzhou 510640 China
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