1
|
Huang C, Deng W, Xu HZ, Zhou C, Zhang F, Chen J, Bao Q, Zhou X, Liu M, Li J, Liu C. Short-chain fatty acids reprogram metabolic profiles with the induction of reactive oxygen species production in human colorectal adenocarcinoma cells. Comput Struct Biotechnol J 2023; 21:1606-1620. [PMID: 36874158 PMCID: PMC9975252 DOI: 10.1016/j.csbj.2023.02.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Revised: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/11/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) exhibit anticancer activity in cellular and animal models of colon cancer. Acetate, propionate, and butyrate are the three major SCFAs produced from dietary fiber by gut microbiota fermentation and have beneficial effects on human health. Most previous studies on the antitumor mechanisms of SCFAs have focused on specific metabolites or genes involved in antitumor pathways, such as reactive oxygen species (ROS) biosynthesis. In this study, we performed a systematic and unbiased analysis of the effects of acetate, propionate, and butyrate on ROS levels and metabolic and transcriptomic signatures at physiological concentrations in human colorectal adenocarcinoma cells. We observed significantly elevated levels of ROS in the treated cells. Furthermore, significantly regulated signatures were involved in overlapping pathways at metabolic and transcriptomic levels, including ROS response and metabolism, fatty acid transport and metabolism, glucose response and metabolism, mitochondrial transport and respiratory chain complex, one-carbon metabolism, amino acid transport and metabolism, and glutaminolysis, which are directly or indirectly linked to ROS production. Additionally, metabolic and transcriptomic regulation occurred in a SCFAs types-dependent manner, with an increasing degree from acetate to propionate and then to butyrate. This study provides a comprehensive analysis of how SCFAs induce ROS production and modulate metabolic and transcriptomic levels in colon cancer cells, which is vital for understanding the mechanisms of the effects of SCFAs on antitumor activity in colon cancer.
Collapse
Key Words
- 1H–13C HMBC, 1H–13C Heteronuclear Multiple Bond Correlation Spectroscopy
- 1H–13C HSQC, 1H–13C Heteronuclear Single Quantum Coherence Spectroscopy
- 1H–1H COSY, 1H–1H Correlation Spectroscopy
- 1H–1H TOCSY, 1H–1H Total Correlation Spectroscopy
- ADP, Adenosine diphosphate
- AMP, Adenosine monophosphate
- ATP, Adenosine triphosphate
- Ace, Acetate
- Ach, Acetylcholine
- Ala, Alanine
- CRC, Colorectal Cancer
- Caco-2, Human Colon Adenocarcinoma
- Cho, Choline
- CoA, Coenzyme A
- Cre, Creatine
- DCFH-DA, Dichloro-Dihydro-Fluorescein Diacetate
- DEGs, Differentially Expressed Genes
- DMEM, Dulbecco's Modified Eagle Medium
- DMG, Dimethylglycine
- DNA, Deoxyribonucleic Acid
- EP, Eppendorf
- FA, Formate
- FDR, False Discovery Rate
- Fru, Fructose
- Fum, Fumaric acid
- GLS, Glutaminase
- GSEA, Gene Set Enrichment Analysis
- GSH, Glutathione
- Gal-1-P, Galactose-1-phosphate
- Glc, Glucose
- Gln, Glutamine
- Glu, Glutamate
- Gly, Glycine
- HCT116, Human Colorectal Carcinoma Cell Line
- HEK, Human Embryonic Kidney cells
- HT29, Human Colorectal Adenocarcinoma Cell Line with Epithelial Morphology
- His, Histidine
- Ile, Isoleucine
- J-Res, J-resolved Spectroscopy
- LDH, Lactate Dehydrogenase
- Lac, Lactate
- Leu, Leucine
- Lys, Lysine
- MCF-7, Human Breast Cancer Cell Line with Estrogen
- MCT, Monocarboxylate Transporters
- Met, Methionine
- MetS, Metabolic Syndrome
- Mitochondrial function
- NAD+, Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide
- NAG, N-Acetyl-L-Glutamine
- NMR, Nuclear Magnetic Resonance
- NMR-based Metabolomics
- NOESY, Nuclear Overhauser Effect Spectroscopy
- O-PLS-DA, Orthogonal Projection to the Latent Structures Discriminant Analysis
- PA, Pantothenate
- PC, Phosphocholine
- PCA, Principal Component Analysis
- PDC, Pyruvate Decarboxylase
- PDK, Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Kinase
- PKC, Protein Kinase C
- PPP, Pentose Phosphate Pathway
- Phe, Phenylalanine
- Pyr, Pyruvate
- RNA, Ribonucleic Acid
- ROS, Reactive Oxygen Species
- RPKM, Reads per Kilobase of Transcript per Million Reads Mapped
- Reactive oxygen species
- SCFAs, Short Chain Fatty Acids
- SLC, Solute-Carrier Genes
- Short-chain fatty acids
- Suc, Succinate
- T2DM, Type 2 Diabetes
- TCA, Tricarboxylic Acid
- Tau, Taurine
- Thr, Threonine
- Transcriptomics
- Tyr, Tyrosine
- UDP, Uridine 5′-diphosphate
- UDP-GLC, UDP Glucose
- UDPG, UDP Glucuronate
- UDPGs, UDP Glucose and UDP Glucuronate
- UMP, Uridine 5′-monophosphate
- Val, Valine
- WST-1, Water-Soluble Tetrazolium salts
- dDNP, dissolution Dynamic Nuclear Polarization
- qRT-PCR, Real-Time Quantitative Reverse Transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction
- α-KIV, α-Keto-isovalerate
- α-KMV, α-keto-β-methyl-valerate
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chongyang Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Wenjun Deng
- Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Huan-Zhou Xu
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Infectious Diseases, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Chen Zhou
- Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Fan Zhang
- Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Junfei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Qinjia Bao
- State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xin Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,Optics Valley Laboratory, Hubei 430074, China
| | - Maili Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,Optics Valley Laboratory, Hubei 430074, China
| | - Jing Li
- Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Chaoyang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,Optics Valley Laboratory, Hubei 430074, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Leurcharusmee P, Sawaddiruk P, Punjasawadwong Y, Sugandhavesa N, Klunklin K, Tongprasert S, Sitilertpisan P, Apaijai N, Chattipakorn N, Chattipakorn SC. Ischemic preconditioning upregulates Mitofusin2 and preserves muscle strength in tourniquet-induced ischemia/reperfusion. J Orthop Translat 2022; 35:113-21. [PMID: 36312592 DOI: 10.1016/j.jot.2022.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2022] [Revised: 09/24/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Tourniquet-induced ischemia and reperfusion (I/R) has been related to postoperative muscle atrophy through mechanisms involving protein synthesis/breakdown, cellular metabolism, mitochondrial dysfunction, and apoptosis. Ischemic preconditioning (IPC) could protect skeletal muscle against I/R injury. This study aims to determine the underlying mechanisms of IPC and its effect on muscle strength after total knee arthroplasty (TKA). Methods Twenty-four TKA patients were randomized to receive either sham IPC or IPC (3 cycles of 5-min ischemia followed by 5-min reperfusion). Vastus medialis muscle biopsies were collected at 30 min after tourniquet (TQ) inflation and the onset of reperfusion. Western blot analysis was performed in muscle protein for 4-HNE, SOD2, TNF-ɑ, IL-6, p-Drp1ser616, Drp1, Mfn1, Mfn2, Opa1, PGC-1ɑ, ETC complex I-V, cytochrome c, cleaved caspase-3, and caspase-3. Clinical outcomes including isokinetic muscle strength and quality of life were evaluated pre- and postoperatively. Results IPC significantly increased Mfn2 (2.0 ± 0.2 vs 1.2 ± 0.1, p = 0.001) and Opa1 (2.9 ± 0.3 vs 1.9 ± 0.2, p = 0.005) proteins expression at the onset of reperfusion, compared to the ischemic phase. There were no differences in 4-HNE, SOD2, TNF-ɑ, IL-6, p-Drp1ser616/Drp1, Mfn1, PGC-1ɑ, ETC complex I-V, cytochrome c, and cleaved caspase-3/caspase-3 expression between the ischemic and reperfusion periods, or between the groups. Clinically, postoperative peak torque for knee extension significantly reduced in the sham IPC group (-16.6 [-29.5, -3.6] N.m, p = 0.020), while that in the IPC group was preserved (-4.7 [-25.3, 16.0] N.m, p = 0.617). Conclusion In TKA with TQ application, IPC preserved postoperative quadriceps strength and prevented TQ-induced I/R injury partly by enhancing mitochondrial fusion proteins in the skeletal muscle. The translational potential of this article Mitochondrial fusion is a potential underlying mechanism of IPC in preventing skeletal muscle I/R injury. IPC applied before TQ-induced I/R preserved postoperative quadriceps muscle strength after TKA.
Collapse
Key Words
- 4-HNE, 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal
- ADP, Adenosine diphosphate
- ASA, American Society of Anesthesiologists
- ATP, Adenosine triphosphate
- BSA, Bovine serum albumin
- CAT, Catalase
- CHOP, C/EBP homologous protein
- Drp1, Dynamin-related protein-1
- ER, Endoplasmic reticulum
- ETC, Electron transport chain
- FGF21, Fibroblast growth factor 21
- Fis1, Fission protein-1
- GPx, Glutathione peroxidase
- I/R, Ischemia and reperfusion
- IL-6, Interleukin-6
- IPACK, Interspace between the popliteal artery and capsule of the posterior knee
- IPC, Ischemic preconditioning
- Ischemia reperfusion injury
- Ischemic preconditioning
- Knee arthroplasty
- MDA, Malondialdehyde
- Mfn, Mitofusin
- Mitochondrial dynamics
- MnSOD, Manganese superoxide dismutase
- NF-κB, Nuclear factor kappa B
- OXPHOS, Oxidative phosphorylation
- PGC-1ɑ, Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma coactivator-1ɑ
- RIPC, Remote ischemic preconditioning
- ROS, Reactive oxygen species
- SBP, Systolic blood pressure
- SOD, Superoxide dismutase
- TKA, Total knee arthroplasty
- TNF, Tumor necrosis factor
- TQ, Tourniquet
- Tourniquet
- UPR, Unfolded protein response
- mPTP, Mitochondrial permeability transition pore
Collapse
|
3
|
Meng L, Chan WS, Huang L, Liu L, Chen X, Zhang W, Wang F, Cheng K, Sun H, Wong KC. Mini-review: Recent advances in post-translational modification site prediction based on deep learning. Comput Struct Biotechnol J 2022; 20:3522-32. [PMID: 35860402 DOI: 10.1016/j.csbj.2022.06.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Revised: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Post-translational modifications (PTMs) are closely linked to numerous diseases, playing a significant role in regulating protein structures, activities, and functions. Therefore, the identification of PTMs is crucial for understanding the mechanisms of cell biology and diseases therapy. Compared to traditional machine learning methods, the deep learning approaches for PTM prediction provide accurate and rapid screening, guiding the downstream wet experiments to leverage the screened information for focused studies. In this paper, we reviewed the recent works in deep learning to identify phosphorylation, acetylation, ubiquitination, and other PTM types. In addition, we summarized PTM databases and discussed future directions with critical insights.
Collapse
Key Words
- AAindex, Amino acid index
- ATP, Adenosine triphosphate
- AUC, Area under curve
- Ac, Acetylation
- BE, Binary encoding
- BLOSUM, Blocks substitution matrix
- Bi-LSTM, Bidirectional LSTM
- CKSAAP, Composition of k-spaced amino acid Pairs
- CNN, Convolutional neural network
- CNNOH, CNN with the one-hot encoding
- CNNWE, CNN with the word-embedding encoding
- CNNrgb, CNN red green blue
- CV, Cross-validation
- DC-CNN, Densely connected convolutional neural network
- DL, Deep learning
- DNNs, Deep neural networks
- Deep learning
- E. coli, Escherichia coli
- EBGW, Encoding based on grouped weight
- EGAAC, Enhanced grouped amino acids content
- IG, Information gain
- K, Lysine
- KNN, k nearest neighbor
- LASSO, Least absolute shrinkage and selection operator
- LSTM, Long short-term memory
- LSTMWE, LSTM with the word-embedding encoding
- M.musculus, Mus musculus
- MDC, Modular densely connected convolutional networks
- MDCAN, Multilane dense convolutional attention network
- ML, Machine learning
- MLP, Multilayer perceptron
- MMI, Multivariate mutual information
- Machine learning
- Mass spectrometry
- NMBroto, Normalized Moreau-Broto autocorrelation
- P, Proline
- PSP, PhosphoSitePlus
- PSSM, Position-specific scoring matrix
- PTM, Post-translational modifications
- Ph, Phosphorylation
- Post-translational modification
- Prediction
- PseAAC, Pseudo-amino acid composition
- R, Arginine
- RF, Random forest
- RNN, Recurrent neural network
- ROC, Receiver operating characteristic
- S, Serine
- S. typhimurium, Salmonella typhimurium
- S.cerevisiae, Saccharomyces cerevisiae
- SE, Squeeze and excitation
- SEV, Split to Equal Validation
- ST, Source and target
- SUMO, Small ubiquitin-like modifier
- SVM, Support vector machines
- T, Threonine
- Ub, Ubiquitination
- Y, Tyrosine
- ZSL, Zero-shot learning
Collapse
|
4
|
Zhang S, Li W, Chen X, Ren M, Zhang H, Xing D, Qin H. Manganous-manganic oxide nanoparticle as an activatable microwave-induced thermoacoustic probe for deep-located tumor specific imaging in vivo. Photoacoustics 2022; 26:100347. [PMID: 35345808 PMCID: PMC8956819 DOI: 10.1016/j.pacs.2022.100347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Revised: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Deep-located tumor specific imaging has broad clinical applications in improving the accuracy of tumor diagnosis. Microwave-induced thermoacoustic imaging (MTAI), combining the high-contrast of microwave imaging with the high-resolution of ultrasound imaging, is a potential candidate for noninvasive tumor detection. Herein, a deep-located tumor specific MTAI method by tumor microenvironment (TME) activated nanoprobe is reported. In principle, manganous-manganic oxide-based nanoprobe can be triggered by TME with overexpressed glutathione and weak acidity, causing to release manganese ions and increase conductivity. With pulsed microwaves, manganese ions move repeatedly in gigahertz alternating electric field, resulting in a transient heating and thermoelastic expansion through the Joule effect, which yields a strong thermoacoustic (TA) wave in tumor site. In vitro and in vivo experiments demonstrate that manganous-manganic oxide-based nanoprobe could high-selectively amplify the TA signal in deep-located tumor. Our proposed tumor-specific MTAI method based on TME activation provides a potential approach for deep-located tumor detection.
Collapse
Key Words
- ATP, Adenosine triphosphate
- CCK-8, Cell counting kit-8
- CLSM, Confocal laser scanning microscopy
- CYS, Cysteine
- DMEM, Dulbecco’s modified Eagle’s medium
- Deep-located tumor specific imaging
- FBS, Fetal bovine serum
- FTIR, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy
- GSH, Glutathione
- Glutathione
- HEK, Human emborynic kidney
- Hcy, Homocysteine
- MNPs, Mn3O4-PEG-RGD nanoparticles
- MTAI, Microwave-induced thermoacoustic imaging
- Manganous-manganic oxide
- Microwave-induced thermoacoustic imaging
- NMR, Nuclear magnetic resonance
- TA, Thermoacoustic
- TEM, Transmission electron microscope
- TME, Tumor microenvironment
- Tumor microenvironment
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shanxiang Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science & Institute of Laser Life Science, College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science, College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
| | - Wenjing Li
- MOE Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science & Institute of Laser Life Science, College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science, College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
| | - Xiaoyu Chen
- MOE Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science & Institute of Laser Life Science, College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science, College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
| | - Mingyang Ren
- MOE Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science & Institute of Laser Life Science, College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science, College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
| | - Huimin Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science & Institute of Laser Life Science, College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science, College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
| | - Da Xing
- MOE Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science & Institute of Laser Life Science, College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science, College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
- Corresponding authors at: MOE Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science & Institute of Laser Life Science, College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China.
| | - Huan Qin
- MOE Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science & Institute of Laser Life Science, College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science, College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
- Guangzhou Key Lab of Spectral Analysis and Functional Probes, College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
- Corresponding authors at: MOE Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science & Institute of Laser Life Science, College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Gut AM, Vasiljevic T, Yeager T, Donkor ON. Anti-salmonella properties of kefir yeast isolates : An in vitro screening for potential infection control. Saudi J Biol Sci 2022; 29:550-563. [PMID: 35002451 PMCID: PMC8717153 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2021.09.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Revised: 09/08/2021] [Accepted: 09/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The rise of antibiotic resistance has increased the need for alternative ways of preventing and treating enteropathogenic bacterial infection. Various probiotic bacteria have been used in animal and human. However, Saccharomyces boulardii is the only yeast currently used in humans as probiotic. There is scarce research conducted on yeast species commonly found in kefir despite its claimed potential preventative and curative effects. This work focused on adhesion properties, and antibacterial metabolites produced by Kluyveromyces lactis and Saccharomyces unisporus isolated from traditional kefir grains compared to Saccharomyces boulardii strains. Adhesion and sedimentation assay, slide agglutination, microscopy and turbidimetry assay were used to analyze adhesion of Salmonella Arizonae and Salmonella Typhimurium onto yeast cells. Salmonella growth inhibition due to the antimicrobial metabolites produced by yeasts in killer toxin medium was analyzed by slab on the lawn, turbidimetry, tube dilution and solid agar plating assays. Alcohol and antimicrobial proteins production by yeasts in killer toxin medium were analyzed using gas chromatography and shotgun proteomics, respectively. Salmonella adhered onto viable and non-viable yeast isolates cell wall. Adhesion was visualized using scanning electron microscope. Yeasts-fermented killer toxin medium showed Salmonella growth inhibition. The highest alcohol concentration detected was 1.55%, and proteins with known antimicrobial properties including cathelicidin, xanthine dehydrogenase, mucin-1, lactadherin, lactoperoxidase, serum amyloid A protein and lactotransferrin were detected in yeasts fermented killer medium. These proteins are suggested to be responsible for the observed growth inhibition effect of yeasts-fermented killer toxin medium. Kluyveromyces lactis and Saccharomyces unisporus have anti-salmonella effect comparable to Saccharomyces boulardii strains, and therefore have potential to control Salmonella infection.
Collapse
Key Words
- AGC, Automatic Gain Control
- ATCC, American type Culture Collection
- ATP, Adenosine triphosphate
- CFS, Cell Free Supernatant
- CFU, Colony Forming Unit
- DNA, Deoxyribonucleic Acid
- DSR, Desk Sputter Coater
- DTT, Dithiothreitol
- FAO, Food Agriculture Organization
- GIT, The gastrointestinal tract
- HCL, Hydrochloric Acid
- HPLC, High-performance liquid chromatography
- IBM, International Business Machines
- KTM, Killer Toxin Cedium
- Kefir
- Kluyveromyces lactis
- LC-MS/MS, Liquid Chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry/Liquid Chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry
- LFQ, Label Free Quantitation
- Min, Minute
- NaOH, Sodium hydroxide
- PBS, Phosphate buffered saline
- Probiotics
- RNA, Ribonucleic Acid
- RSLC, Rapid Separation Liquid Chromatography
- SD, Standard Deviation
- SPSS, Statistical Package for the Social Sciences
- Saccharomyces boulardii
- Saccharomyces unisporus
- Salmonella
- Shotgun proteomics
- WHO, World Health Organization
- YEPDA, Yeast Extract Peptone Dextrose Agar
- YEPDB, Yeast Extract Peptone Dextrose Broth
- Yeasts
- h, Hour
- mL, Milliliter
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Abraham Majak Gut
- Institute for Sustainable Industries and Liveable Cities, Victoria University, Werribee Campus, PO Box 14428, Melbourne, Victoria 8001, Australia.,College of Health and Biomedicine, Victoria University, Werribee Campus, PO Box 14428, Melbourne, Victoria 8001, Australia
| | - Todor Vasiljevic
- Institute for Sustainable Industries and Liveable Cities, Victoria University, Werribee Campus, PO Box 14428, Melbourne, Victoria 8001, Australia.,College of Health and Biomedicine, Victoria University, Werribee Campus, PO Box 14428, Melbourne, Victoria 8001, Australia
| | - Thomas Yeager
- Institute for Sustainable Industries and Liveable Cities, Victoria University, Werribee Campus, PO Box 14428, Melbourne, Victoria 8001, Australia.,First YearCollege, Victoria University, Werribee Campus, PO Box 14428, Melbourne, Victoria 8001, Australia
| | - Osaana N Donkor
- Institute for Sustainable Industries and Liveable Cities, Victoria University, Werribee Campus, PO Box 14428, Melbourne, Victoria 8001, Australia.,College of Health and Biomedicine, Victoria University, Werribee Campus, PO Box 14428, Melbourne, Victoria 8001, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Huang M, Mehrabi Nasab E, Athari SS. Immunoregulatory effect of mesenchymal stem cell via mitochondria signaling pathways in allergic asthma. Saudi J Biol Sci 2021; 28:6957-6962. [PMID: 34866995 PMCID: PMC8626264 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2021.07.071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2021] [Revised: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Asthma is a complicated lung disease, which has increased morbidity and mortality rates in worldwide. There is an overlap between asthma pathophysiology and mitochondrial dysfunction and MSCs may have regulatory effect on mitochondrial dysfunction and treats asthma. Therefore, immune-modulatory effect of MSCs and mitochondrial signaling pathways in asthma was studied. After culturing of MSCs and producing asthma animal model, the mice were treated with MSCs via IV via IT. BALf's eosinophil Counting, The levels of IL-4, −5, −13, −25, –33, INF-γ, Cys-LT, LTB4, LTC4, mitochondria genes expression of COX-1, COX-2, ND1, Nrf2, Cytb were measured and lung histopathological study were done. BALf's eosinophils, the levels of IL-4, −5, −13, −25, –33, LTB4, LTC4, Cys-LT, the mitochondria genes expression (COX-1, COX-2, Cytb and ND-1), perivascular and peribronchial inflammation, mucus hyper-production and hyperplasia of the goblet cell in pathological study were significantly decreased in MSCs-treated asthma mice and reverse trend was found about Nrf-2 gene expression, IFN-γ level and ratio of the INF-γ/IL-4. MSC therapy can control inflammation, immune-inflammatory factors in asthma and mitochondrial related genes, and prevent asthma immune-pathology.
Collapse
Key Words
- AHR, Airway hyperresponsiveness
- ATP, Adenosine triphosphate
- Allergy
- BALF, Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid
- BM, Bone marrow
- CCL, Chemokine (C-C motif) ligand
- CD, Cluster of differentiation
- COX, Cyclooxygenase
- Cys-LT, Cysteinyl Leukotriene
- Cytb, Cytochrome b
- Drp1, Mitochondrial fission depends on the cytosolic GTPase dynamin-related protein 1
- ELISA, Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay
- FIS1, Mitochondrial fission 1 protein
- H&E, Haemotoxylin and eosin
- HGF, Hepatocyte growth factor
- HLA, Human leukocyte antigen
- HO, Heme oxygenase
- IDO, Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase
- IFN, Interferon
- IL, Interleukin
- IP, Intraperitoneal injection
- IT, Intratrachea administration
- Ig, Immunoglobulin
- Immune system
- Inflammation
- LT, Leukotriene
- MFN, Mitofusin
- MIP, macrophage inflammatory protein
- MMP, Matrix metalloproteinase
- MSC
- MSC, mesenchymal stem cell
- MSC/BI, mesenchymal stem cell bronchial administration
- MSC/IV, mesenchymal stem cell intravenous injection
- ND1, NADH-ubiquinone oxidoreductase chain 1
- NO, Nitric oxide
- Nrf, Nuclear erythroid 2 p45-related factor
- OPA1, Mitochondrial dynamin like GTPase
- OVA, Ovalbumin
- PAS, Periodic-acid-Schiff
- PBS, Phosphate-buffered saline
- PGC1a, Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha
- PGE2, Prostaglandin E2
- ROS, Reactive oxygen species
- TFAM, Transcription factor A mitochondrial
- TGF, Transforming growth factor
- TNF, Tumor necrosis factor
- Th, T helper
- iPSC, induced pluripotent stem cells
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Minmin Huang
- Department of ICU, People's Hospital of Haimen District, Nantong City, Jiangsu Province, Haimen District, Nantong City, Jiangsu Province 226100, China
| | - Entezar Mehrabi Nasab
- Department of Cardiology, School of Medicine, Tehran Heart Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyyed Shamsadin Athari
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Mannaa FAE, Abdel-Wahhab KGED, Daoud EM, El Gendy AAR, Saber MM, Fadl NN. Effectiveness of low-power laser therapy in improvement of the peripheral neuropathy induced by xenobiotics in rats. Biochem Biophys Rep 2021; 27:101085. [PMID: 34381880 PMCID: PMC8334374 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrep.2021.101085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2021] [Revised: 07/16/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Peripheral neuropathy (PN) is the damage and dysfunction of neurons of the peripheral nervous system. The present study was conducted to estimate the effectiveness of low-power laser therapy (LPLT) in the management of PN in a rats' model. METHODS PN was induced by giving dichloroacetate (DCA) (250 mg/kg/day) for up to 12 weeks. Four groups of rats were used: control group, PN group, PN group treated with gabapentin and PN group treated with LPLT. The study was conducted for 8 weeks. The management of PN was estimated by behavioral tests which included hot plate and Morris water maze tests. Blood biochemical analysis were carried out. RESULTS Using of hot plate test indicated thermal hypoalgesia and using Morris water maze test showed cognitive decline in PN rats. Treatment with LPLT or gabapentin improved both the pain sensations and deteriorated memory that occurred in the PN rats. Biochemical analysis showed that LPLT significantly decreased the elevated beta-endorphin level in PN rats, while gabapentin could not reduce it. Treatment PN rats with LPLT or gabapentin shifted the high levels of TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-10 cytokines back to their normal values. Serum nitric oxide and MDA significantly increased in the PN group together with significant reduction in the rGSH level, these values were significantly improved by LPLT application while this was not the case with gabapentin treatment. Furthermore, treatment with gabapentin or LPLT significantly reduced serum ALAT and ASAT activities which are otherwise increased in the PN group. S100B, PGE2, total cholesterol, triglycerides, LDL-cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, urea and creatinine showed insignificant changes among all groups. CONCLUSIONS Our results showed that treatment with LPLT is more efficient than gabapentin in ameliorating the peripheral neuropathy induced by xenobiotics.
Collapse
Key Words
- ADP, adenosine diphosphate
- ATP, Adenosine triphosphate
- ATP, adenosine triphosphate
- DCA, Dichloroacetate
- Dichloroacetate
- Gabapentin
- IL-10, interleukin −10
- IL-1β, interleukin - 1β
- LPLT, Low power laser therapy
- Low-power laser therapy
- MCTs, monocarboxylate transporters
- MDA, malondialdehyde
- NAD+, Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide
- NO, nitric oxide
- Neuropathy
- PDH, pyruvate dehydrogenase
- PGE2, prostaglandin E2
- PN, Peripheral neuropathy
- S100B, calcium binding protein B
- TCA, cycle tricarboxylic acid cycle or the Krebs cycle
- TNF-α, tumor necrosis factor- α
- rGSH, reduced glutathione
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Eitedal Mahmoud Daoud
- Complementary Medicine Department, National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo, 12622, Egypt
| | | | - Maha Mohamed Saber
- Complementary Medicine Department, National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo, 12622, Egypt
| | - Nevein Naim Fadl
- Medical Physiology Department, National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo, 12622, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Sprenger J, Trifan A, Patel N, Vanderbeck A, Bredfelt J, Tajkhorshid E, Rowlett R, Lo Leggio L, Åkerfeldt KS, Linse S. Calmodulin complexes with brain and muscle creatine kinase peptides. Curr Res Struct Biol 2021; 3:121-132. [PMID: 34235492 PMCID: PMC8244255 DOI: 10.1016/j.crstbi.2021.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2021] [Revised: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 05/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Calmodulin (CaM) is a ubiquitous Ca2+ sensing protein that binds to and modulates numerous target proteins and enzymes during cellular signaling processes. A large number of CaM-target complexes have been identified and structurally characterized, revealing a wide diversity of CaM-binding modes. A newly identified target is creatine kinase (CK), a central enzyme in cellular energy homeostasis. This study reports two high-resolution X-ray structures, determined to 1.24 Å and 1.43 Å resolution, of calmodulin in complex with peptides from human brain and muscle CK, respectively. Both complexes adopt a rare extended binding mode with an observed stoichiometry of 1:2 CaM:peptide, confirmed by isothermal titration calorimetry, suggesting that each CaM domain independently binds one CK peptide in a Ca2+-depended manner. While the overall binding mode is similar between the structures with muscle or brain-type CK peptides, the most significant difference is the opposite binding orientation of the peptides in the N-terminal domain. This may extrapolate into distinct binding modes and regulation of the full-length CK isoforms. The structural insights gained in this study strengthen the link between cellular energy homeostasis and Ca2+-mediated cell signaling and may shed light on ways by which cells can 'fine tune' their energy levels to match the spatial and temporal demands.
Collapse
Key Words
- ADP, Adenosine diphosphate
- ATP, Adenosine triphosphate
- CK, Creatine kinase
- CKB, Creatine kinase, brain-type
- CKM, Creatine kinase, muscle-type
- Ca2+, Calcium ion (divalent)
- CaM, Calmodulin
- Calcium signaling
- Calmodulin X-ray structure
- Cellular energy metabolism
- Cr, Creatine
- CrP, Creatine phosphate
- Enzyme regulation
- Fmoc, Fluorenylmethoxycarbonyl
- ITC, Isothermal titration calorimetry
- Isothermal titration calorimetry
- MR, Molecular replacement
- PDB, Protein data bank
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Janina Sprenger
- Department of Biochemistry and Structural Biology, Chemical Center, PO Box 124, SE-221 00, Lund, Sweden
- Chemistry Department, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 5, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Anda Trifan
- Theoretical and Computational Biophysics Group, NIH Center for Macromolecular Modeling and Bioinformatics, Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, Department of Biochemistry, and Center for Biophysics and Quantitative Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 405 N Matthews, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Neal Patel
- Department of Chemistry, Haverford College, 370 Lancaster Avenue, Haverford, PA, 19041, USA
| | - Ashley Vanderbeck
- Department of Chemistry, Haverford College, 370 Lancaster Avenue, Haverford, PA, 19041, USA
| | - Jenny Bredfelt
- Department of Biochemistry and Structural Biology, Chemical Center, PO Box 124, SE-221 00, Lund, Sweden
| | - Emad Tajkhorshid
- Theoretical and Computational Biophysics Group, NIH Center for Macromolecular Modeling and Bioinformatics, Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, Department of Biochemistry, and Center for Biophysics and Quantitative Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 405 N Matthews, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Roger Rowlett
- Department of Chemistry, Colgate University, 13 Oak Drive, Hamilton, NY, 13346, USA
| | - Leila Lo Leggio
- Chemistry Department, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 5, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Karin S. Åkerfeldt
- Department of Chemistry, Haverford College, 370 Lancaster Avenue, Haverford, PA, 19041, USA
| | - Sara Linse
- Department of Biochemistry and Structural Biology, Chemical Center, PO Box 124, SE-221 00, Lund, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Salman TM, Iyanda MA, Alli-Oluwafuyi AM, Sulaiman SO, Alagbonsi AI. Telfairia occidentalis stimulates hepatic glycolysis and pyruvate production via insulin-dependent and insulin-independent mechanisms. Metabol Open 2021; 10:100092. [PMID: 33997754 PMCID: PMC8095178 DOI: 10.1016/j.metop.2021.100092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Revised: 04/05/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Telfairia occidentalis (TO), a plant consumed for its nutritional and medicinal values, exhibits hypoglycaemic effect. However, the metabolic fate of the glucose following TO-induced insulin secretion and consequent hypoglycaemia is not clear. Objective This study determined the effect of ethyl acetate and n-hexane fractions of TO leaf extracts on some biochemical parameters in the glucose metabolic pathway to explain the possible fate of blood glucose following TO-induced hypoglycaemia. Methods Eighteen male Wistar rats (180-200 g) divided into control, n-hexane TO fraction- and ethyl acetate TO fraction-treated groups (n = 6/group) were used. The control animals received normal saline while the treated groups received TO at 100 mg/kg for seven days. After 24 h following the last dose, the animals were anaesthetised using ketamine; blood samples were collected and livers harvested to determine some biochemical parameters. Results Ethyl acetate TO fraction significantly increased plasma insulin, liver glucokinase activity and plasma pyruvate concentration, but significantly decreased plasma glucose and liver glycogen, without significant changes in plasma lactate, glucose-6-phosphate, liver glucose-6-phosphatase and lactate dehydrogenase activities when compared with control. N-hexane TO fraction significantly reduced liver glucose-6-phosphatase activity and glycogen but significantly increased plasma pyruvate, without significant changes in plasma glucose, insulin, glucose-6-phosphate and lactate concentrations; and liver glucokinase and lactate dehydrogenase activities. Conclusion The present study showed that insulin-mediated TO-induced hypoglycaemia resulted in the stimulation of glycolysis and pyruvate production via insulin-dependent and insulin-independent mechanisms.
Collapse
Key Words
- ANOVA, Analysis of Variance
- ATP, Adenosine triphosphate
- EATO, Ethyl acetate TO fraction
- ELISA, Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay
- G6P, Glucose-6-phosphate
- G6PD, Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase
- G6Pase, Glucose-6-phosphatase
- GCK, Glucokinase
- GLUT, Glucose transporter
- GSIS, glucose-stimulated insulin secretion
- Glucoregulatory enzymes
- Glucose metabolites
- Glycogen
- HClO4, Perchloric acid
- HRP, Horseradish Peroxidase
- IMGU, Insulin-mediated glucose uptake
- Insulin
- KOH, Potassium hydroxide
- LDH, Lactate dehydrogenase
- MCT, Monocarboxylate transporters
- NAD, Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide
- NHTO, N-hexane TO fraction
- Plasma glucose
- SEM, Standard error of mean
- TCA, Tricarboxylic acid cycle
- TO, Telfairia occidentalis
- Telfairia occidentalis
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Toyin Mohammed Salman
- Department of Physiology, College of Health Sciences, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria
| | - Mayowa Adewale Iyanda
- Department of Physiology, College of Health Sciences, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria
| | | | - Sheu Oluwadare Sulaiman
- Physiology Department, Kampala International University - Western Campus, Ishaka-Bushenyi, Uganda.,Department of Morphology (Cell Biology), Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Abdullateef Isiaka Alagbonsi
- Department of Clinical Biology (Physiology), School of Medicine and Pharmacy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Rwanda, Huye Campus, Rwanda
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
McElnea EM, Pick ZS, Smyth AC, Stevenson LJ, McKelvie PA, Loughnan MS, McNab AA. Ptosis, ophthalmoplegia and corneal endothelial disease - ocular manifestations of mitochondrial disease. Am J Ophthalmol Case Rep 2021; 22:101073. [PMID: 33869891 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajoc.2021.101073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2020] [Revised: 02/03/2021] [Accepted: 03/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose To describe two patients with bilateral ptosis, ophthalmoplegia, cataracts and corneal endothelial disease requiring corneal transplantation. Observations Histopathological analysis of muscle biopsy samples from both patients identified features consistent with a mitochondrial cytopathy. A single multigenic mitochondrial deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) deletion was detected in the first patient. Pathogenic mutations in the POLG gene which codes for mitochondrial DNA polymerase, tasked with replicating the mitochondrial genome were identified in the second patient. Conclusion The collection of clinical features present in both cases described can be explained by a diagnosis of mitochondrial disease. Importance Corneal endothelial disease, in addition to ptosis, ophthalmoplegia, cataract, pigmentary retinopathy and optic atrophy should be recognised as a feature of mitochondrial disease.
Collapse
Key Words
- ATP, Adenosine triphosphate
- CHED, Congenital hereditary endothelial dystrophy
- COX, Cytochrome oxidase
- CPEO, Chronic progressive external ophthalmoplegia
- Corneal endothelial disease
- DNA, Deoxyribonucleic acid
- DSAEK, Descemet's stripping automated endothelial keratoplasty
- FECD, Fuchs endothelial corneal dystrophy
- LF, Levator palpebrae superioris function
- MELAS syndrome, Mitochondrial myopathy, encephalopathy, lactic acidosis and stroke
- MRD1, Margin reflex 1 distance
- MT-ATP6, Mitochondrially encoded adenosine triphosphate synthase membrane subunit 6
- MT-TP, Mitochondrially encoded transfer ribonucleic acid proline
- Mitochondrial disease
- Ophthalmoplegia
- Ptosis
- RNA, Ribonucleic acid
- SDH, Succinic dehydrogenase
- TRNA, Transfer ribonucleic acid
Collapse
|
11
|
Al Mamun A, Wu Y, Monalisa I, Jia C, Zhou K, Munir F, Xiao J. Role of pyroptosis in spinal cord injury and its therapeutic implications. J Adv Res 2021; 28:97-109. [PMID: 33364048 PMCID: PMC7753222 DOI: 10.1016/j.jare.2020.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2020] [Revised: 08/05/2020] [Accepted: 08/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Currently, spinal cord injury (SCI) is a pathological incident that triggers several neuropathological conditions, leading to the initiation of neuronal damage with several pro-inflammatory mediators' release. However, pyroptosis is recognized as a new programmed cell death mechanism regulated by the stimulation of caspase-1 and/or caspase-11/-4/-5 signaling pathways with a series of inflammatory responses. AIM Our current review concisely summarizes the potential role of pyroptosis-regulated programmed cell death in SCI, according to several molecular and pathophysiological mechanisms. This review also highlights the targeting of pyroptosis signaling pathways and inflammasome components and its therapeutic implications for the treatment of SCI. KEY SCIENTIFIC CONCEPTS Multiple pieces of evidence have illustrated that pyroptosis plays significant roles in cell swelling, plasma membrane lysis, chromatin fragmentation and intracellular pro-inflammatory factors including IL-18 and IL-1β release. In addition, pyroptosis is directly mediated by the recently discovered family of pore-forming protein known as GSDMD. Current investigations have documented that pyroptosis-regulated cell death plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of multiple neurological disorders as well as SCI. Our narrative article suggests that inhibiting the pyroptosis-regulated cell death and inflammasome components could be a promising therapeutic approach for the treatment of SCI in the near future.
Collapse
Key Words
- AIM2, Absent in melanoma 2
- ASC, apoptosis-associated speck-like protein
- ATP, Adenosine triphosphate
- BBG, Brilliant blue G
- CCK-8, Cell Counting Kit-8
- CNS, central nervous system
- CO, Carbon monoxide
- CORM-3, Carbon monoxide releasing molecle-3
- Caspase-1
- Cx43, Connexin 43
- DAMPs, Damage-associated molecular patterns
- DRD1, Dopamine Receptor D1
- ECH, Echinacoside
- GSDMD, Gasdermin D
- Gal-3, Galectin-3
- H2O2, Hydrogen peroxide
- HO-1, Heme oxygenase-1
- IL-18, Interleukin-18
- IL-1β, Interleukin-1 beta
- IRE1, Inositol requiring enzyme 1
- JOA, Japanese orthopedics association
- LPS, Lipopolysaccharide
- NDI, Neck data index
- NF-κB, Nuclear factor-kappa B
- NLRP1, NOD-like receptor protein 1
- NLRP1b, NOD-like receptor protein 1b
- NLRP3
- NLRP3, Nucleotide-binding domain-like receptor protein 3
- Neuroinflammation
- Nrf2, Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2
- OPCs, Oligodendrocyte progenitor cells
- PAMPs, Pathogen-associated molecular patterns
- PRRs, Pattern recognition receptors
- Pyroptosis
- ROS, Reactive oxygen species
- Spinal cord injury
- TLR4, Toll-like receptor 4
- TXNIP, Thioredoxin-interacting protein
- Therapeutic implications
- double stranded DNAIR, Ischemia reperfusion
- si-RNA, Small interfering RNA
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Abdullah Al Mamun
- Molecular Pharmacology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035 Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Yanqing Wu
- Institute of Life Sciences, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, 325035 Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Ilma Monalisa
- Department of Pharmacy, Southeast University, Banani, Dhaka 1213, Bangladesh
| | - Chang Jia
- Pediatric Research Institute, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325027 Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Kailiang Zhou
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325027 Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Fahad Munir
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000 Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Jian Xiao
- Molecular Pharmacology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035 Zhejiang Province, China
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Sanusi IA, Suinyuy TN, Kana GEB. Impact of nanoparticle inclusion on bioethanol production process kinetic and inhibitor profile. Biotechnol Rep (Amst) 2021; 29:e00585. [PMID: 33511040 PMCID: PMC7817428 DOI: 10.1016/j.btre.2021.e00585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2020] [Revised: 12/08/2020] [Accepted: 12/31/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
NiO nanoparticle (NP) inclusion enhanced bioethanol production up to 59.96 %. Band energy gap impact NP catalytic performance in bioethanol production. NiO nanoparticle biocatalyst improved bioethanol productivity by 145 %. Modified Gompertz model was used to describe ethanol production with NP inclusion. Metallic NiO nanoparticles significantly reduced acetic acid concentration by 110 %.
This study examines the effects of nanoparticle inclusion in instantaneous saccharification and fermentation (NIISF) of waste potato peels. The effect of nanoparticle inclusion on the fermentation process was investigated at different stages which were: pre-treatment, liquefaction, saccharification and fermentation. Inclusion of NiO NPs at the pre-treatment stage gave a 1.60-fold increase and 2.10-fold reduction in bioethanol and acetic acid concentration respectively. Kinetic data on the bioethanol production fit the modified Gompertz model (R 2 > 0.98). The lowest production lag time (t L) of 1.56 h, and highest potential bioethanol concentration (P m) of 32 g/L were achieved with NiO NPs inclusion at different process stages; the liquefaction stage and the pre-treatment phase, respectively. Elevated bioethanol yield, coupled with substantial reduction in process inhibitors in the NIISF processes, demonstrated the significance of point of nanobiocatalysts inclusion for the scale-up development of bioethanol production from potato peels.
Collapse
Key Words
- ATP, Adenosine triphosphate
- Band energy gap
- Bioethanol
- EDS, Energy dispersive spectrophotometric
- EDX, Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy
- GC–MS, Gas chromatography-Mass spectrometry
- HMF, 5-Hydroxymethyl Furfural
- ISF, Instant saccharification and fermentation
- Inhibitor profile
- NPs, Nanoparticles
- NSLIS, Nano + SATP + Liquefaction + SS + No Fermentation
- NSLISF, Nano + SATP + liquefaction + ISF
- Nanoparticles
- ORP, Oxidation–reduction potential
- SATP, Soaking assisted thermal pre-treatment
- SEM, Scanning electron microscopy
- SLIS, SATP + Liquefaction + SS + No Fermentation
- SLISF, SATP + Liquefaction + ISF
- SLNISF, SATP + Liquefaction + Nano + ISF
- SNLISF, SATP + Nano + Liquefaction + ISF
- SPA, Surface Plasmon Absorption
- SPR, Surface plasmon resonance
- Saccharomyces cerevisiae
- TEM, Transmission electron microscopy
- UV–vis, Ultraviolent visible
- VICs, Volatile inhibitory compounds
- wt%, Weight percent
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Isaac A Sanusi
- Discipline of Microbiology, Biotechnology Cluster, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Pietermaritzburg Campus, South Africa
| | - Terence N Suinyuy
- School of Biology and Environmental Sciences, University of Mpumalanga, Mbombela, South Africa
| | - Gueguim E B Kana
- Discipline of Microbiology, Biotechnology Cluster, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Pietermaritzburg Campus, South Africa
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Banerjee A, Dey T, Ghosh AK, Mishra S, Bandyopadhyay D, Chattopadhyay A. Insights into the ameliorative effect of oleic acid in rejuvenating phenylhydrazine induced oxidative stress mediated morpho-functionally dismantled erythrocytes. Toxicol Rep 2020; 7:1551-1563. [PMID: 33294386 PMCID: PMC7689048 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2020.10.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2020] [Revised: 10/27/2020] [Accepted: 10/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Phenylhydrazine (PHZ), an intermediate in the synthesis of fine chemicals is toxic for human health and environment. Despite of having severe detrimental effects on different physiological systems, exposure of erythrocytes to PHZ cause destruction of haemoglobin and membrane proteins leading to iron release and complete haemolysis of red blood cells (RBC). Involvement of oxidative stress behind such action triggers the urge for searching a potent antioxidant. The benefits of consuming olive oil is attributed to its 75% oleic acid (OA) content in average. Olive oil is the basic component of Mediterranean diet. Hence, OA has been chosen in our present in vitro study to explore its efficacy against PHZ (1 mM) induced alterations in erythrocytes. Four different concentrations of OA (0.01 nM, 0.02 nM, 0.04 nM and 0.06 nM) were primarily experimented with, among which 0.06 nM OA has shown to give maximal protection. This study demonstrates the capability of OA in preserving the morphology, intracellular antioxidant status and the activities of metabolic enzymes of RBCs that have been diminished by PHZ, through its antioxidant mechanisms. The results of the present study firmly establish OA as a promising antioxidant for conserving the health of erythrocyte from PHZ toxicity which indicate toward future possible use of OA either singly or in combination with other dietary components for protection of erythrocytes against PHZ induced toxic cellular changes.
Collapse
Key Words
- AFM, Atomic force microscope
- ANOVA, One way analysis of variance
- ATP, Adenosine triphosphate
- DCF, 2′ 7′-Dichlorofluorescin
- DCFDA, 2′ 7′-Dichlorofluorescin diacetate
- DMSO, Dimethyl sulfoxide
- DTNB, 5 5′- dithio-bis-[2-nitro benzoic acid]
- EDTA, Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid
- Erythrocytes
- FACS, Fluorescence activated cell sorter
- FITC, Fluorescein isothiocyanate
- FSC, Forward scattering
- G6PDH, Glucose 6 phosphate dehydrogenase
- GPx, Glutathione Peroxidase
- GR, Glutathione Reductase
- GST, Glutathione-S-transferase
- HK, Hexokinase
- Hb, Haemoglobin
- LDH, Lactate dehydrogenase
- LPO, Lipid peroxidation
- MDA, Malondialdehyde
- MSA, Methanesulfinic acid
- Morphology
- NADPH, Reduced nicotinamide adenine di-nucleotide phosphate
- NBT, Nitro blue tetrazolium chloride
- OA, Oleic acid
- Oleic acid
- PBS, Phosphate buffered saline
- PFK, Phosphofructokinase
- PHZ, Phenylhydrazine
- PPP, Pentose Phosphate Pathway
- Phenylhydrazine
- RBC, Red blood Cell
- ROS
- ROS, Reactive oxygen species
- SOD, Superoxide dismutase
- TBA, Thiobarbituric acid
- TBARS, Thiobarbituric acid reactive substance
- TCA, Tricholoroacetic acid
- Toxicity
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Adrita Banerjee
- Department of Physiology, Vidyasagar College, 39, Sankar Ghosh Lane, Kolkata- 700006, India.,Oxidative Stress and Free Radical Biology Laboratory, Department of Physiology, University of Calcutta, 92, APC Road, Kolkata- 700009, India
| | - Tiyasa Dey
- Oxidative Stress and Free Radical Biology Laboratory, Department of Physiology, University of Calcutta, 92, APC Road, Kolkata- 700009, India
| | - Arnab Kumar Ghosh
- Oxidative Stress and Free Radical Biology Laboratory, Department of Physiology, University of Calcutta, 92, APC Road, Kolkata- 700009, India
| | - Sanatan Mishra
- Department of Physiology, Vidyasagar College, 39, Sankar Ghosh Lane, Kolkata- 700006, India.,Oxidative Stress and Free Radical Biology Laboratory, Department of Physiology, University of Calcutta, 92, APC Road, Kolkata- 700009, India
| | - Debasish Bandyopadhyay
- Oxidative Stress and Free Radical Biology Laboratory, Department of Physiology, University of Calcutta, 92, APC Road, Kolkata- 700009, India
| | - Aindrila Chattopadhyay
- Department of Physiology, Vidyasagar College, 39, Sankar Ghosh Lane, Kolkata- 700006, India
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Poerwosusanta H, Gunadi, Oktaviyanti IK, Kania N, Noor Z. Laparoscopic procedures impact on mast cell mediators, extracellular matrix and adhesion scoring system in rats. Ann Med Surg (Lond) 2020; 58:102-106. [PMID: 32963775 PMCID: PMC7490447 DOI: 10.1016/j.amsu.2020.08.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2020] [Revised: 08/26/2020] [Accepted: 08/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Laparoscopic procedures under certain pressure have the potential to cause intra-abdominal adhesions. However, the pathomechanism of this disorder is unknown. Release of mast cell mediators due to mast cell degranulation is thought to be the cause. Materials and methods Thirty male Sprague-Dawley rats were grouped into five groups (n = 6 per group): one control group and four intervention groups to which 60 min insufflation was performed using carbon dioxide at 5, 8, 10 and 12 mmHg. Seven days after laparoscopy, we euthanized and evaluated the levels of histamine, tryptase, and chymase of peritoneal fluid, the thickness of ECM of peritoneal tissue, and intraabdominal adhesion scoring system. Results Histamine and tryptase levels in peritoneal fluid were significantly higher at the 10- and 12 mm Hg intervention compared to control (histamine: 0.50 ± 0.35 vs. 0.41 ± 0.41 vs. 0.04 ± 0.02 ng/mL, respectively; and tryptase: 0.69 ± 0.11 vs. 0.65 ± 0.05 vs. 0.48 ± 0.02 ng/ml respectively). The ECM was significantly thicker in the intervention groups at 10- and 12-mm Hg compared to control (71.3 [66.7–85.2] vs. 48.4 [34.5–50.3] vs. 10.25 [8.7–12.1] μm, respectively). Moreover, the intra-abdominal scoring was also significantly higher in the intervention groups at 10- and 12 mm Hg compared to control (4 [0–4] vs. 4.5 [4–5], vs. 0, respectively). Conclusions Laparoscopic procedures increase the release of mast cell mediators in peritoneal fluid, the thickness of ECM and intraabdominal adhesion scoring in rats, implying that it might increase the possibility of intrabdominal adhesion in humans. Laparoscopic procedures at specific pressures potentially cause intra-abdominal adhesion, however, its pathomechanism is still challenging to understand. Laparoscopic procedures increase the release of mast cell mediators in peritoneal fluid, the thickness of ECM and intraabdominal adhesion scoring in rats. Our findings imply that laparoscopic procedures might increase the possibility of intrabdominal adhesion in humans.
Collapse
Key Words
- ATP, Adenosine triphosphate
- CO2, Carbon dioxide
- CRAC, Calcium release-activated channels
- DAMPs, Damage Associated Molecular Patterns
- DNA, Deoxyribonucleic acid
- ECM, Extracellular matrix
- ELISA, Enzyme-linked-immunosorbent-assay
- Extracellular matrix thickness
- GPCR, G Protein-Coupled Receptors
- Histamine
- Intra-abdominal adhesion
- Laparoscopy
- Mast cell mediators
- PAR-2, protease-activated receptor 2
- Protease
- ROS, Reactive Oxygen Species
- TGF-β, Transforming growth factor-beta
- TRPC, Transient receptor potential canonical
- TRPV4, Transient receptor potential vanilloid 4
- VDAC, Voltage-dependent anion channel
- pro-MMP9, pro Matrix metallopeptidase 9
- tPA, tissue plasminogen activator
- uPA, urokinase plasminogen activator
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hery Poerwosusanta
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Lambung Mangkurat, Banjarmasin, South Kalimantan, Indonesia
| | - Gunadi
- Pediatric Surgery Division, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health and Nursing, Universitas Gajah Mada /Dr. Sardjito Hospital, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - Ika Kustiyah Oktaviyanti
- Department of Anatomical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Lambung Mangkurat, Banjarmasin, South Kalimantan, Indonesia
| | - Nia Kania
- Department of Anatomical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Lambung Mangkurat, Banjarmasin, South Kalimantan, Indonesia
| | - Zairin Noor
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Lambung Mangkurat, Banjarmasin, South Kalimantan, Indonesia
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Chiu HF, Venkatakrishnan K, Wang CK. The role of nutraceuticals as a complementary therapy against various neurodegenerative diseases: A mini-review. J Tradit Complement Med 2020; 10:434-439. [PMID: 32953558 PMCID: PMC7484964 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtcme.2020.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2020] [Revised: 03/30/2020] [Accepted: 03/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent times, many scientists have given great attention to nutraceuticals (complementary medicine) as it widely used for promoting health status. In particular for the prevention and treatment of various neurological diseases or disorders without or less adverse effects. The current mini-review was intended to compile all popular (major) nutraceuticals against various neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs) including Parkinson's disease (PD), Alzheimer's disease (AD), Huntington's disease (HD) with special reference to clinical trials. Preliminary reviews indicated that nutraceuticals like curcumin, resveratrol, Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), Coenzyme Q10, ω-3 FA (DHA/EPA/ALA), showed better neuroprotective activity against various NDDs in human setting (clinical trial). Hence this contribution will focus only on those popular nutraceuticals with proposed brief mechanisms (antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, mitochondrial homeostasis, autophagy regulation, promote neurogenesis) and its recommendation. This mini-review would aid common people to choose better nutraceuticals to combat various NDDs along with standard neuroprotective agents and modified lifestyle pattern.
Collapse
Key Words
- AD, Alzheimer’s disease
- ATP, Adenosine triphosphate
- BBB, Blood-brain barrier
- Clinical trial
- HD, Huntington’s disease
- HO-1, Heme Oxygenase-1
- JNK, c-Jun N-terminal Kinase
- MAPK, Mitogen-activated protein kinase
- NDDs, neurodegenerative diseases
- NF-κB, Nuclear factor Kappa B
- Neurodegenerative diseases
- Neuroprotective agents
- Nrf2, Nuclear factor-E2-related factor
- Nutraceutical
- PD, Parkinson’s disease
- PI3K, Phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase
- SIRT1, Sirtuin 1
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Fang Chiu
- Department of Chinese Medicine, Taichung Hospital Ministry of Health and Well-being, Taichung, ROC, Taiwan
| | - Kamesh Venkatakrishnan
- School OfNutrition, Chung Shan Medical University, 110, Sec. 1, Jianguo North Road, Taichung City, ROC, Taiwan
| | - Chin-Kun Wang
- School OfNutrition, Chung Shan Medical University, 110, Sec. 1, Jianguo North Road, Taichung City, ROC, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Alqahtani F, Imran I, Pervaiz H, Ashraf W, Perveen N, Rasool MF, Alasmari AF, Alharbi M, Samad N, Alqarni SA, Al-Rejaie SS, Alanazi MM. Non-pharmacological Interventions for Intractable Epilepsy. Saudi Pharm J 2020; 28:951-962. [PMID: 32792840 PMCID: PMC7414058 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsps.2020.06.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2020] [Accepted: 06/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
In 30% of epileptic individuals, intractable epilepsy represents a problem for the management of seizures and severely affects the patient's quality of life due to pharmacoresistance with commonly used antiseizure drugs (ASDs). Surgery is not the best option for all resistant patients due to its post-surgical consequences. Therefore, several alternative or complementary therapies have scientifically proven significant therapeutic potential for the management of seizures in intractable epilepsy patients with seizure-free occurrences. Various non-pharmacological interventions include metabolic therapy, brain stimulation therapy, and complementary therapy. Metabolic therapy works out by altering the energy metabolites and include the ketogenic diets (KD) (that is restricted in carbohydrates and mimics the metabolic state of the body as produced during fasting and exerts its antiepileptic effect) and anaplerotic diet (which revives the level of TCA cycle intermediates and this is responsible for its effect). Neuromodulation therapy includes vagus nerve stimulation (VNS), responsive neurostimulation therapy (RNS) and transcranial magnetic stimulation therapy (TMS). Complementary therapies such as biofeedback and music therapy have demonstrated promising results in pharmacoresistant epilepsies. The current emphasis of the review article is to explore the different integrated mechanisms of various treatments for adequate seizure control, and their limitations, and supportive pieces of evidence that show the efficacy and tolerability of these non-pharmacological options.
Collapse
Key Words
- ASDs, Antiepileptic drugs
- ATP, Adenosine triphosphate
- Anaplerotic diet
- BBB, Blood-brain barrier
- CKD, Classic ketogenic diet
- CSF, Cerebrospinal fluid
- EEG, Electroencephalography
- EMG, Electromyography
- GABA, Gamma-aminobutyric acid
- Intractable epilepsy
- KB, Ketone bodies
- KD, Ketogenic diet
- Ketogenic diet
- LC, Locus coeruleus
- LCFA, Long-chain fatty acids
- MAD, Modified Atkin's diet
- MCT, Medium-chain triglyceride
- MEP, Maximal evoked potential
- Music therapy
- NTS, Nucleus tractus solitaries
- PPAR, Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor
- PUFAs, Polyunsaturated fatty acids
- RNS, Responsive neurostimulation
- ROS, reactive oxygen species
- SMR, Sensorimotor rhythm
- TCA, Tricarboxylic acid cycle
- TMS, Transcranial magnetic stimulation
- Transcranial magnetic stimulation Biofeedback therapy
- VNS, Vagus nerve stimulation
- Vagus nerve stimulation
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Faleh Alqahtani
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Imran Imran
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan 60800, Pakistan
| | - Hafsa Pervaiz
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan 60800, Pakistan
| | - Waseem Ashraf
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan 60800, Pakistan
| | - Nadia Perveen
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan 60800, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Fawad Rasool
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan 60800, Pakistan
| | - Abdullah F Alasmari
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Metab Alharbi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Noreen Samad
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan 60800, Pakistan
| | - Saleh Abdullah Alqarni
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Salim S Al-Rejaie
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Mufadhe Alanazi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Khairy AIH, Oh MJ, Lee SM, Kim DS, Roh KS. Nitric oxide overcomes Cd and Cu toxicity in in vitro-grown tobacco plants through increasing contents and activities of rubisco and rubisco activase. Biochim Open 2016; 2:41-51. [PMID: 29632837 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopen.2016.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2015] [Accepted: 02/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Toxic heavy metals such as cadmium (Cd) and copper (Cu) are global problems that are a growing threat to the environment. Despite some heavy metals are required for plant growth and development, others are considered toxic elements and do not play any known physiological role in plant cells. Elevated doses of Cd or Cu cause toxicity in plants and generate damages due to the stress condition and eventually cause a significant reduction in quantity and quality of crop plants. The nitric oxide (NO) donor sodium nitroprusside (SNP) is reported to alleviate the toxicity of some heavy metals like Cd and Cu. In the current study, the role of NO in alleviating stresses of Cd and Cu was investigated in in vitro-grown tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) Based on plant growth, total chlorophyll contents, contents and activities of rubisco and rubisco activase. According to the results of this study, the growth and total chlorophyll contents of Cd/Cu stressed plants were hugely decreased in the absence of SNP, while the supplementation of SNP resulted in a significant increase of both fresh weight and total chlorophyll contents. Remarkable reductions of Rubisco and rubisco activase contents and activities were observed in Cd and Cu-induced plants. SNP supplementation showed the highest contents and activities of rubisco and rubisco activase compared to the control and Cu/Cd-stressed plants. Taken together, our findings suggest that SNP could play a protective role in regulation of plant responses to abiotic stresses such as Cd and Cu by enhancing Rubisco and Rubisco activase. Heavy metal ions are believed to act as growth inhibitors and environmental disruptors. Nitric oxide (NO) plays a functional role in regulation of plant responses to abiotic stresses. Rubisco involved in the process of atmospheric carbon fixation in photosynthesis. Rubisco Catalyzes 2 types of reactions (carboxylation and oxygenation). Rubisco activase removes bound RuBP from inactive, decarboxylated Rubisco in an ATP-dependent reaction.
Collapse
Key Words
- (NH4)2SO4, Ammonium sulphate
- ATP, Adenosine triphosphate
- BTP, Bis tris phosphate
- Cadmium
- Cd, Cadmium
- Chlorophyll
- Cu, Copper
- DMF, N, N-Dimethylformamide
- DTT, Dithiothreitol
- EDTA, Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid
- GSH, Glutathione
- KCl, Potassium chloride
- KHCO3, Potassium bicarbonate
- MBT, Mercaptabemzathiazol
- MgCl2, Magnesium chloride
- NADH, Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (reduced form)
- NO, Nitric oxide
- NaCl, Sodium chloride
- NaHCO3, Sodium bicarbonate (Sodium hydrogen carbonate)
- Nitric oxide
- PEG 10K, Polyethylene glycol 10,000
- PEP, Phosphoenolpyruvate
- PGK, Phosphoglycerate kinase
- PK, Pyruvate kinase
- PMSF, Phenylmethanesulfonyl fluoride
- PVPP, Polyvinylpolypyrrolidone
- RuBP, Ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate
- Rubisco
- Rubisco activase
- Rubisco, Ribulose 1,5bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase
- SNP, Sodium nitroprusside
- Sodium nitroprusside
Collapse
|
18
|
Díaz-Jaimes P, Bayona-Vásquez NJ, Adams DH, Uribe-Alcocer M. Complete mitochondrial DNA genome of bonnethead shark, Sphyrna tiburo, and phylogenetic relationships among main superorders of modern elasmobranchs. Meta Gene 2016; 7:48-55. [PMID: 27014583 PMCID: PMC4794228 DOI: 10.1016/j.mgene.2015.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2015] [Revised: 11/18/2015] [Accepted: 11/19/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Elasmobranchs are one of the most diverse groups in the marine realm represented by 18 orders, 55 families and about 1200 species reported, but also one of the most vulnerable to exploitation and to climate change. Phylogenetic relationships among main orders have been controversial since the emergence of the Hypnosqualean hypothesis by Shirai (1992) that considered batoids as a sister group of sharks. The use of the complete mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) may shed light to further validate this hypothesis by increasing the number of informative characters. We report the mtDNA genome of the bonnethead shark Sphyrna tiburo, and compare it with mitogenomes of other 48 species to assess phylogenetic relationships. The mtDNA genome of S. tiburo, is quite similar in size to that of congeneric species but also similar to the reported mtDNA genome of other Carcharhinidae species. Like most vertebrate mitochondrial genomes, it contained 13 protein coding genes, two rRNA genes and 22 tRNA genes and the control region of 1086 bp (D-loop). The Bayesian analysis of the 49 mitogenomes supported the view that sharks and batoids are separate groups.
Collapse
Key Words
- ATP, Adenosine triphosphate
- Bonnethead
- CO, Cytochrome oxidase
- Cytb, Cytochrome B
- D-loop, Control region
- Hypnosqualea hypothesis
- ML, Maximum likelihood
- Mitogenome
- ND, Nicotine adenine dehydrogenase
- PCR, Polymerase chain reaction
- Phylogeny
- bp, Base pairs
- mt, Mitochondrial
- myr, Million years
- rRNA, Ribosomal RNA
- tRNA, Transference RNA
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Píndaro Díaz-Jaimes
- Laboratorio de Genética de Organismos Acuáticos, Instituto de
Ciencias del Mar y Limnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Apdo.
Postal 70-305, México D.F. 04510, Mexico
| | - Natalia J. Bayona-Vásquez
- Laboratorio de Genética de Organismos Acuáticos, Instituto de
Ciencias del Mar y Limnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Apdo.
Postal 70-305, México D.F. 04510, Mexico
| | - Douglas H. Adams
- Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission, Fish and
Wildlife Research Institute, 1220 Prospect Avenue, Suite 285, Melbourne, FL
32901, USA
| | - Manuel Uribe-Alcocer
- Laboratorio de Genética de Organismos Acuáticos, Instituto de
Ciencias del Mar y Limnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Apdo.
Postal 70-305, México D.F. 04510, Mexico
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Adkins I, Fucikova J, Garg AD, Agostinis P, Špíšek R. Physical modalities inducing immunogenic tumor cell death for cancer immunotherapy. Oncoimmunology 2015; 3:e968434. [PMID: 25964865 PMCID: PMC4352954 DOI: 10.4161/21624011.2014.968434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 126] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2014] [Accepted: 09/19/2014] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The concept of immunogenic cancer cell death (ICD), as originally observed during the treatment with several chemotherapeutics or ionizing irradiation, has revolutionized the view on the development of new anticancer therapies. ICD is defined by endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress response, reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, emission of danger-associated molecular patterns and induction of antitumor immunity. Here we describe known and emerging cancer cell death-inducing physical modalities, such as ionizing irradiation, ultraviolet C light, Photodynamic Therapy (PDT) with Hypericin, high hydrostatic pressure (HHP) and hyperthermia (HT), which have been shown to elicit effective antitumor immunity. We discuss the evidence of ICD induced by these modalities in cancer patients together with their applicability in immunotherapeutic protocols and anticancer vaccine development.
Collapse
Key Words
- ATP, Adenosine triphosphate
- CRT, calreticulin
- DAMPs, danger-associated molecular patterns
- DC, dendritic cells
- EGFR, endothelial growth factor receptor
- ER, endoplasmic reticulum
- HHP, high hydrostatic pressure, HMGB1, high-mobility group box 1
- HSP, heat shock protein
- HT, hyperthermia
- Hyp-PDT, Hypericin-based Photodynamic therapy
- ICD, immunogenic cell death
- IFNγ, interferon-γ
- NDV, Newcastle Disease Virus
- ROS, reactive oxygen species
- RT, radiotherapy
- TLR, Toll-like receptor
- UVC, ultraviolet C light
- cancer immunotherapy
- eIF2α, eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2α
- high hydrostatic pressure
- hyperthermia
- immunogenic cell death
- ionizing irradiation
- photodynamic therapy with hypericin
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Irena Adkins
- Sotio ; Prague, Czech Republic ; Department of Immunology; 2nd Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Motol; Charles University ; Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jitka Fucikova
- Sotio ; Prague, Czech Republic ; Department of Immunology; 2nd Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Motol; Charles University ; Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Abhishek D Garg
- Cell Death Research and Therapy (CDRT) Unit; Department of Molecular and Cell Biology; University of Leuven (KU Leuven) ; Leuven, Belgium
| | - Patrizia Agostinis
- Cell Death Research and Therapy (CDRT) Unit; Department of Molecular and Cell Biology; University of Leuven (KU Leuven) ; Leuven, Belgium
| | - Radek Špíšek
- Sotio ; Prague, Czech Republic ; Department of Immunology; 2nd Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Motol; Charles University ; Prague, Czech Republic
| |
Collapse
|