1
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Zhang X, Gao Q, Yuan Y, Shao D. Application of Natural Antibacterial Plants in the Extraction of Uranium from Seawater. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2024; 7:5461-5469. [PMID: 38986048 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.4c00605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/12/2024]
Abstract
Marine biofouling directly affects the performance and efficiency of uranium (U(VI)) extraction from seawater. Compared to traditional chemical methods, natural plant extracts are generally biodegradable and nontoxic, making them an environmentally friendly alternative to synthetic chemicals in solving the marine biofouling problem. The effectiveness of natural antibacterial plants (i.e., pine needle, peppermint, Acorus gramineus Soland, Cacumen platycladi, and wormwood) in solving the marine biofouling problem was evaluated in this work. Experimental results showed that natural antibacterial plants could kill Vibrio alginolyticus in solution and effectively solve the marine biofouling problem of U(VI) extraction. To improve the adsorption capacity of natural plants for U(VI) in seawater, poly(vinylphosphonic acid) (PVPA) was modified on natural antibacterial plant surfaces by irradiation grafting technology. PVPA and natural antibacterial plants work as active sites and base materials for the U(VI) extraction material, respectively. The recovery performance of PVPA/pine needle for U(VI) was preliminarily studied. Results show that the adsorption of U(VI) on PVPA/pine needle follows pseudo-second-order and Langmuir models, and the maximum adsorption capacity is 111 mg/g at 298 K and pH 8.2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Zhang
- School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, P R China
| | - Qianhong Gao
- School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, P R China
| | - Yao Yuan
- School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, P R China
| | - Dadong Shao
- School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, P R China
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2
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Zhu L, Zhang C, Zhu R, Cao X, Bai J, Wang Y, Liu L, Dong H, Ma F. A convenient functionalization strategy of polyimide covalent organic frameworks for uranium-containing wastewater treatment and uranium recovery. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 465:133320. [PMID: 38142653 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.133320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Revised: 12/02/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this research was to design and synthesize an adsorbent based on polyimide covalent organic frameworks (PICOFs) for uranium-containing wastewater treatment and uranium recovery. A modified solvothermal method was innovatively proposed to synthesize PICOFs with high specific surface area (1998.5 m2 g-1) and regular pore structure. Additionally, a convenient functionalization strategy of PICOFs was designed through polydopamine (PDA) and a well-dispersed polymer (MPC-co-AO) containing multiple functional groups, forming stable composite (PMCA-TPPICOFs) in which the hydrogen bonding and cation-π interactions between PDA and MPC-co-AO played a key role. The obtained PMCA-TPPICOFs as an adsorbent exhibited strong selectivity for uranyl ions (maximum adsorption capacity was 538 mg g-1). In simulated wastewater with low uranium concentrations, the removal rate reached 98.3%, and the concentration of treated simulated wastewater met discharge standards. Moreover, PMCA-TPPICOFs was suitable for fixed-bed column adsorption because of its favorable structure. According to the research about adsorption mechanism, the adsorption primarily relied on electrostatic interaction and complexation. In summary, PMCA-TPPICOFs exhibited good potential for uranium-containing wastewater treatment, expanding the application of PICOFs. And the proposed functionalization strategy and modified solvothermal method may promote research in the fields of material functionalization and COFs synthesis. ENVIRONMENTAL IMPLICATION: Uranium is a raw material for nuclear energy applications, which is toxic and radioactive. If uranium is discharged with wastewater, it would not only pose a threat to the environmental protection and life safety, but also cause the loss of precious nuclear raw materials. Although adsorption was considered to be an effective way to remove uranium, many of the developed adsorbents were difficult to apply due to the harsh wastewater environment and complex preparation processes. This study reported a novel adsorbent and a new functionalization strategy, which was expected to solve the problem of uranium recovery in wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lien Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Superlight Materials and Surface Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, PR China
| | - Chunhong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Superlight Materials and Surface Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, PR China; Yantai Research Institute of Harbin Engineering University, Yantai 264006, PR China.
| | - Ruiqi Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Superlight Materials and Surface Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, PR China
| | - Xianqi Cao
- Key Laboratory of Superlight Materials and Surface Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, PR China; Institute of Petrochemistry Heilongjiang Academy of Sciences, Harbin 150040, PR China
| | - Jianwei Bai
- Key Laboratory of Superlight Materials and Surface Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, PR China
| | - Yudan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Superlight Materials and Surface Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, PR China
| | - Lijia Liu
- Key Laboratory of Superlight Materials and Surface Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, PR China; Yantai Research Institute of Harbin Engineering University, Yantai 264006, PR China
| | - Hongxing Dong
- Key Laboratory of Superlight Materials and Surface Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, PR China
| | - Fuqiu Ma
- Yantai Research Institute of Harbin Engineering University, Yantai 264006, PR China; College of Nuclear Science and Technology, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, PR China
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3
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Hazra S, Panda S. Stereoselective Synthesis of Silylated Vinylboronates by a Boron-Wittig Reaction and Their Application to Tetrasubstituted Olefins. Chemistry 2023:e202303056. [PMID: 37991686 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202303056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Revised: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 11/23/2023]
Abstract
The highly stereoselective synthesis of a series of tetrasubstituted mono- as well as disilylated vinylboronates is reported by using the boron-Wittig approach. The condensation between acylsilanes and gem-diborylalkanes gave the desired tetrasubstituted olefins in good to excellent yield and high stereoselectivity. Also, a series of trisubstituted silylated vinyl MIDA-boronates was synthesized by using the boron-Wittig reaction followed by a transesterification reaction. This methodology allows direct incorporation of B(pin) and TMS groups in the anti-position of the olefin in a highly stereoselective manner. Further, sequential Suzuki coupling reaction with the silylated vinyl boronic esters generated all-carbon tetrasubstituted alkenes, which have been applied in the total synthesis of the anticancer drug Tamoxifen and aggregation-induced luminogen agent TPE-TF17.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subrata Hazra
- Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, 721302, Kharagpur, West Bengal, India
| | - Santanu Panda
- Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, 721302, Kharagpur, West Bengal, India
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4
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He E, Ren J, Wang L, Li F, Li L, Ye T, Jiao Y, Li D, Wang J, Wang Y, Gao R, Zhang Y. A Mitochondrion-Inspired Magnesium-Oxygen Biobattery with High Energy Density In Vivo. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2304141. [PMID: 37478834 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202304141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Revised: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/23/2023]
Abstract
Implantable batteries are urgently needed as a power source to meet the demands of the next generation of biomedical electronic devices. However, existing implantable batteries suffer from unsatisfactory energy density, hindering the miniaturization of these devices. Here, a mitochondrion-inspired magnesium-oxygen biobattery that achieves both high energy density and biocompatibility in vivo is reported. The resulting biobattery exhibits a recorded energy density of 2517 Wh L-1 /1491 Wh kg-1 based on the total volume/mass of the device in vivo, which is ≈2.5 times higher than the current state-of-the-art, and can adapt to different environments for stable discharges. The volume of the magnesium-oxygen biobattery can be as thin as 0.015 mm3 and can be scaled up to 400 times larger without reducing the energy density. Additionally, it shows a stable biobattery/tissue interface, significantly reducing foreign body reactions. This work presents an effective strategy for the development of high-performance implantable batteries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Er He
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials, Chemistry, Biomedicine Innovation Center, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Junye Ren
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials, Chemistry, Biomedicine Innovation Center, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Lie Wang
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials, Chemistry, Biomedicine Innovation Center, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Fangyan Li
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials, Chemistry, Biomedicine Innovation Center, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Luhe Li
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials, Chemistry, Biomedicine Innovation Center, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Tingting Ye
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials, Chemistry, Biomedicine Innovation Center, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Yiding Jiao
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials, Chemistry, Biomedicine Innovation Center, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Dan Li
- School of Medicine and Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Jiacheng Wang
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials, Chemistry, Biomedicine Innovation Center, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Yuanzhen Wang
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials, Chemistry, Biomedicine Innovation Center, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Rui Gao
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials, Chemistry, Biomedicine Innovation Center, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Ye Zhang
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials, Chemistry, Biomedicine Innovation Center, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
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5
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Liu P, An M, He T, Li P, Ma F. Recent Advances in Antibiofouling Materials for Seawater-Uranium Extraction: A Review. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:6451. [PMID: 37834588 PMCID: PMC10573904 DOI: 10.3390/ma16196451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Revised: 09/23/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023]
Abstract
Nuclear power has experienced rapid development as a green energy source due to the increasing global demand for energy. Uranium, as the primary fuel for nuclear reactions, plays a crucial role in nuclear energy production, and seawater-uranium extraction has gained significant attention. However, the extraction of uranium is usually susceptible to contamination by microorganisms, such as bacteria, which can negatively affect the adsorption performance of uranium adsorption materials. Therefore, an important challenge lies in the development of new antibacterial and antiadhesion materials to inhibit the attachment of marine microorganisms. These advancements aim to reduce the impact on the adsorption capability of the adsorbent materials. This paper reviews the antibiofouling materials used for extracting seawater uranium, and corresponding mechanisms are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Liu
- Yantai Research Institute and Graduate School, Harbin Engineering University, Yantai 264000, China; (P.L.); (M.A.); (T.H.)
- College of Nuclear Science and Technology, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Minyan An
- Yantai Research Institute and Graduate School, Harbin Engineering University, Yantai 264000, China; (P.L.); (M.A.); (T.H.)
- Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China;
| | - Teng He
- Yantai Research Institute and Graduate School, Harbin Engineering University, Yantai 264000, China; (P.L.); (M.A.); (T.H.)
- Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China;
| | - Ping Li
- Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China;
| | - Fuqiu Ma
- Yantai Research Institute and Graduate School, Harbin Engineering University, Yantai 264000, China; (P.L.); (M.A.); (T.H.)
- College of Nuclear Science and Technology, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, China
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6
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Zhang D, Fang L, Liu L, Zhao B, Hu B, Yu S, Wang X. Uranium extraction from seawater by novel materials: A review. Sep Purif Technol 2023; 320:124204. [DOI: doi.org/10.1016/j.seppur.2023.124204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/25/2023]
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7
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Zong E, Zhang C, Wu S, Gao Y, Yang J, Liu X, Song P. Titanium dioxide nanoparticles functionalized chitosan toward bio-based antibacterial adsorbent for enhanced phosphate capture. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 241:124511. [PMID: 37086773 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.124511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Revised: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 04/15/2023] [Indexed: 04/24/2023]
Abstract
Developing an eco-friendly, sustainable and antibacterial adsorbent is significant for actual water treatment. Herein, a new bio-based antibacterial adsorbent based on titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles functionalized chitosan (CS) was prepared through an in-situ hydrolysis strategy using titanium oxysulfate as the source of TiO2. The as-obtained CS/TiO2 nanocomposite was characterized by a variety of analytical techniques. According to the Langmuir mode, the adsorption capacity of CS/TiO2 reached 23.64 mg P g-1, almost 8 times higher than that of CS. In addition, the normalized adsorption capacity (adsorption value per Ti) of CS/TiO2 was calculated to be 102.68 mg P g-1 Ti-1, much higher than pure TiO2 (60.11 mg P g-1 Ti-1). Moreover, CS/TiO2 exhibited a highly selective capacity for phosphate removal in the presence of competing anions, and showed high stability in a wide pH range of 3.0-9.0. When the phosphate concentration was 2.0 mg P L-1, the removal efficiency of phosphate reached 99.5 % and the residual concentration was only 10 μg P L-1, which meets the USEPA standards for eutrophication prevention and control. In addition, after treatment by CS/TiO2, the phosphate concentration of two sewage water samples decreased from 1.50 and 1.0 mg P L-1 to <0.010 mg P L-1, meeting the standard of level II water based on the Environmental Quality Standard of China (GB3838-2002). Ligand exchange and electrostatic interactions are mainly responsible for phosphate adsorption by CS/TiO2. Furthermore, the CS/TiO2 nanocomposites exhibited excellent antibacterial activity, which could avoid biofouling contamination caused by microorganisms. Benefiting from the above advantages, the as-designed CS/TiO2 nanocomposite has great potential as a bio-based antibacterial adsorbent for phosphate removal or capture from wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enmin Zong
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Evolutionary Ecology and Conservation, College of Life Science, Taizhou University, Taizhou 318000, PR China; School of Earth Science and Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, PR China
| | - Chengyi Zhang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Evolutionary Ecology and Conservation, College of Life Science, Taizhou University, Taizhou 318000, PR China
| | - Shaoning Wu
- School of Engineering, Zhejiang A & F University, 666 Wusu Street, Hangzhou 311300, PR China
| | - Yijun Gao
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Evolutionary Ecology and Conservation, College of Life Science, Taizhou University, Taizhou 318000, PR China
| | - Jiayao Yang
- School of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Science and Technology, Hangzhou 310023, PR China
| | - Xiaohuan Liu
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Evolutionary Ecology and Conservation, College of Life Science, Taizhou University, Taizhou 318000, PR China.
| | - Pingan Song
- Centre for Future Materials, School of Agriculture and Environmental Science, University of Southern Queensland, Springfield Central 4300, Australia.
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8
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Jiao GJ, Ma J, Hu J, Wang X, Sun R. Hierarchical build-up of vertically oriented lignin-based aerogel for photothermally assisted uranium uptake and recovery from acidic wastewater. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 448:130988. [PMID: 36860059 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.130988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Revised: 01/24/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Developing the lignin-based functional materials for uranium uptake is extremely attractive, but challenging due to the complex structure, poor solubility and reactivity of lignin. Herein, a novel phosphorylated lignin (LP)/sodium alginate/ carboxylated carbon nanotube (CCNT) composite aerogel (LP@AC) with vertically oriented lamellar configuration was created for efficient uranium uptake from acidic wastewater. The successful phosphorylation of lignin by a facile solvent-free mechanochemical method achieved more than six-times enhancement in U(VI) uptake capacity of lignin. While, the incorporation of CCNT not only increased the specific surface area of LP@AC, but also improved its mechanical strength as a reinforcing phase. More importantly, the synergies between LP and CCNT components endowed LP@AC with an excellent photothermal performance, resulting in a local heat environment on LP@AC and further boosting the U(VI) uptake. Consequently, the light irradiated LP@AC exhibited an ultrahigh U(VI) uptake capacity (1308.87 mg g-1), 61.26% higher than that under dark condition, excellent adsorptive selectivity and reusability. After exposure to 10 L of simulated wastewater, above 98.21% of U(VI) ions could be rapidly captured by LP@AC under light irradiation, revealing the tremendous feasibility in industrial application. The electrostatic attraction and coordination interaction were considered as the main mechanism for U(VI) uptake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gao-Jie Jiao
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry and Biomaterials, College of Light Industry and Chemical Engineering, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
| | - Jiliang Ma
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry and Biomaterials, College of Light Industry and Chemical Engineering, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China.
| | - Jinguang Hu
- Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive, NW Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Xing Wang
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry and Biomaterials, College of Light Industry and Chemical Engineering, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
| | - Runcang Sun
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry and Biomaterials, College of Light Industry and Chemical Engineering, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China.
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Liao Y, Lei R, Weng X, Yan C, Fu J, Wei G, Zhang C, Wang M, Wang H. Uranium capture by a layered 2D/2D niobium phosphate/holey graphene architecture via an electro-adsorption and electrocatalytic reduction coupling process. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 442:130054. [PMID: 36182892 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.130054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Revised: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
As an energy-efficient and eco-friendly technique, capacitive deionization (CDI) has shown great potential for uranium (U(VI)) capture recently. However, extracting U(VI) with high kinetics, capacity and selectivity remains a major challenge due to the current surface active sites-based material and co-existing ions in aqueous solution. Here we rationally designed a layered 2D/2D niobium phosphate/holey graphene (HGNbP) electrode material, and originally demonstrated its efficient U(VI) capture ability via an electro-adsorption and electrocatalytic reduction coupling process. The less-accumulative loose layered architecture, open polycrystalline construction of niobium phosphate with active phosphate sites, and rich in-plane nano-pores on conductive graphene nanosheets endowed HGNbP with fast charge/ion transport, high electroconductivity and superior pseudocapacitance, which enabled U(VI) ions first to be electro-adsorbed, then physico-chemical adsorbed, and finally electrocatalysis reduced/deposited onto electrode surface without the limitation of active sites under a low potential of 1.2 V. Based on these virtues, the HGNbP exhibited a fast adsorption kinetics, with a high removal rate of 99.9% within 30 min in 50 mg L-1 U(VI) solution, and a high adsorption capacity up to 1340 mg g-1 in 1000 mg L-1 U(VI) solution. Furthermore, the good recyclability and selectivity towards U(VI) were also realized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Liao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China; Hunan key laboratory for the design and application of actinide complexes, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, PR China.
| | - Ruilin Lei
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China
| | - Xiaofang Weng
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China
| | - Chuan Yan
- School of Nuclear Science and Technology, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China
| | - Jiaxi Fu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China
| | - Guoxing Wei
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China
| | - Chen Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China
| | - Meng Wang
- School of Nuclear Science and Technology, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China.
| | - Hongqing Wang
- Hunan key laboratory for the design and application of actinide complexes, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, PR China.
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10
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Xie Y, Liu Z, Geng Y, Li H, Wang N, Song Y, Wang X, Chen J, Wang J, Ma S, Ye G. Uranium extraction from seawater: material design, emerging technologies and marine engineering. Chem Soc Rev 2023; 52:97-162. [PMID: 36448270 DOI: 10.1039/d2cs00595f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Uranium extraction from seawater (UES), a potential approach to securing the long-term uranium supply and sustainability of nuclear energy, has experienced significant progress in the past decade. Promising adsorbents with record-high capacities have been developed by diverse innovative synthetic strategies, and scale-up marine field tests have been put forward by several countries. However, significant challenges remain in terms of the adsorbents' properties in complex marine environments, deployment methods, and the economic viability of current UES systems. This review presents an up-to-date overview of the latest advancements in the UES field, highlighting new insights into the mechanistic basis of UES and the methodologies towards the function-oriented development of uranium adsorbents with high adsorption capacity, selectivity, biofouling resistance, and durability. A distinctive emphasis is placed on emerging electrochemical and photochemical strategies that have been employed to develop efficient UES systems. The most recent achievements in marine tests by the major countries are summarized. Challenges and perspectives related to the fundamental, technical, and engineering aspects of UES are discussed. This review is envisaged to inspire innovative ideas and bring technical solutions towards the development of technically and economically viable UES systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Xie
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Nuclear Energy Technology, Institute of Nuclear and New Energy Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
| | - Zeyu Liu
- AVIC Manufacturing Technology Institute, Beijing 100024, China
| | - Yiyun Geng
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Nuclear Energy Technology, Institute of Nuclear and New Energy Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
| | - Hao Li
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Nuclear Energy Technology, Institute of Nuclear and New Energy Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China. .,China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang 621900, China
| | - Ning Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Yanpei Song
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Texas, Denton, TX, 76201, USA
| | - Xiaolin Wang
- China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang 621900, China
| | - Jing Chen
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Nuclear Energy Technology, Institute of Nuclear and New Energy Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
| | - Jianchen Wang
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Nuclear Energy Technology, Institute of Nuclear and New Energy Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
| | - Shengqian Ma
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Texas, Denton, TX, 76201, USA
| | - Gang Ye
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Nuclear Energy Technology, Institute of Nuclear and New Energy Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
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11
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Cui WR, Chen YR, Xu W, Liu K, Qiu WB, Li Y, Qiu JD. A three-dimensional luminescent covalent organic framework for rapid, selective, and reversible uranium detection and extraction. Sep Purif Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2022.122726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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12
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Li L, Li H, Lin M, Wen J, Hu S. Effects of chain conformation on uranium adsorption performance of amidoxime adsorbents. Sep Purif Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2022.122777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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13
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Yu J, Zhang H, Liu Q, Zhu J, Yu J, Sun G, Li R, Wang J. A high-flux antibacterial poly(amidoxime)-polyacrylonitrile blend membrane for highly efficient uranium extraction from seawater. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 440:129735. [PMID: 35988484 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.129735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Revised: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 08/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Uranium is an important fuel for nuclear power, with 4.5 billion tons of it stored in the oceans, 1,000 times more than on land. Polymer membrane materials are widely used in the marine resources fields, due to their convenient collection, good separation and can work continuously. Herein, a poly(amidoxime)-polyacrylonitrile blend membrane (PCP) with high flux, excellent antibacterial properties and uranium adsorption performance has been prepared by using the phase inversion method, and the prepared membrane was used for highly efficient uranium extraction from seawater. In static adsorption experiments, the PCP membrane reached adsorption equilibrium after 48 h, and the adsorption capacity was 303.89 mg/g (C0 =50 mg/L). In dynamic adsorption experiments, it was found that the lower flow rate and higher number of membrane layers were favorable for dynamic adsorption. In addition, the water flux of the PCP membrane was 7.4 times higher than that of the PAN membrane. The adsorption mechanism can be attributed to the chelation between amino and hydroxyl groups in CS, amidoxime group in poly(amidoxime) and uranyl ions. The simple preparation process coupled with the excellent adsorption performance indicated that the PCP membrane would be a promising material for the uranium extraction from seawater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaqi Yu
- Key Laboratory of Superlight Materials and Surface Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Hongsen Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Superlight Materials and Surface Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, China.
| | - Qi Liu
- Key Laboratory of Superlight Materials and Surface Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, China; Hainan Harbin Institute of Technology Innovation Research Institute Co., Ltd., Hainan 572427, China
| | - Jiahui Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Superlight Materials and Surface Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Jing Yu
- Key Laboratory of Superlight Materials and Surface Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Gaohui Sun
- Key Laboratory of Superlight Materials and Surface Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Rumin Li
- Key Laboratory of Superlight Materials and Surface Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Jun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Superlight Materials and Surface Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, China; Institute of Advanced Marine Materials, Harbin Engineering University, 150001, China.
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Xin Q, Wang Q, Gan J, Lei Z, Hu E, Wang H, Wang H. Enhanced performance in uranium extraction by the synergistic effect of functional groups on chitosan-based adsorbent. Carbohydr Polym 2022; 300:120270. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2022.120270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2022] [Revised: 10/23/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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15
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Mussel-inspired polydopamine microspheres self-adhered on natural hemp fibers for marine uranium harvesting and photothermal-enhanced antifouling properties. J Colloid Interface Sci 2022; 622:109-116. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2022.04.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Revised: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 04/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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16
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Su Y, Wenzel M, Paasch S, Seifert M, Doert T, Brunner E, Weigand JJ. One-pot synthesis of brewer's spent grain-supported superabsorbent polymer for highly efficient uranium adsorption from wastewater. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2022; 212:113333. [PMID: 35483410 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.113333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Revised: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
High-efficient and fast adsorption of uranium is important to reduce the hazards caused by the uranium contamination of water environment due to the increased human activities. Herein, brewer's spent grain (BSG)-supported superabsorbent polymers (SAP) with different cross-linking densities are prepared as cheap and eco-friendly adsorbents for the first time via one-pot swelling and graft polymerization. A 7 wt% NaOH solution is used to swell BSG before grafting and subsequently neutralize the acrylic acid to control the reaction rate without producing alkaline wastewater. Compared with the traditional methods, swelling improves the grafting density and the utilization of raw materials due to the increased disorder degree of the BSG fibers. This results in the grafting of abundant carboxyl and amide groups onto the BSG backbone, forming a strongly hydrophilic polymer network of the BSG-SAP. Compared with the reference polymers without BSG, BSG-SAP presents higher adsorption capacity and enhanced reusability. The highly cross-linked BSG-SAP (BSG-SAP-H) shows an outstanding adsorption capacity of U(VI) (1465 mg/g at pH0 = 4.6), a fast adsorption rate (81% of equilibrium adsorption capacity in 15 min), and a high selectivity in the presence of competing ions. Adsorption mechanism studies reveal the involvement of amide groups, a bidentate binding structure between UO22+ and the carboxyl groups, and a cation exchange between Na+ and UO22+. More importantly, the adsorption capacity of BSG-SAP-H reaches 254.4 mg/g in the fixed-bed column experiment at a low initial concentration (c0(U) = 30 mg/L) and keeps 80% of the adsorption capacity after four cycles, indicating a great potential for uranium removal from wastewater. This work shows a suitable approach to explore the untreated biomass to prepare SAP with enhanced adsorption performance via a general and low-cost strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Su
- Chair of Inorganic Molecular Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden, 01062, Dresden, Germany
| | - Marco Wenzel
- Chair of Inorganic Molecular Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden, 01062, Dresden, Germany
| | - Silvia Paasch
- Chair of Bioanalytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden, 01062, Dresden, Germany
| | - Markus Seifert
- Chair of Inorganic Molecular Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden, 01062, Dresden, Germany
| | - Thomas Doert
- Chair of Inorganic Chemistry II, Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden, 01062, Dresden, Germany
| | - Eike Brunner
- Chair of Bioanalytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden, 01062, Dresden, Germany
| | - Jan J Weigand
- Chair of Inorganic Molecular Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden, 01062, Dresden, Germany.
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Shi S, Wu R, Meng S, Xiao G, Ma C, Yang G, Wang N. High-strength and anti-biofouling nanofiber membranes for enhanced uranium recovery from seawater and wastewater. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 436:128983. [PMID: 35525216 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.128983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Revised: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 04/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Ultrathin fibers can increase the contact area between adsorbents and seawater during the uranium extraction process; however, their construction usually aggravates the complex spinning technology and lowers their mechanical strength. Meanwhile, high strength and antifouling ability are essential for ocean adsorbents to withstand the complex natural environment and microbial systems. Herein, we design high-strength and anti-biofouling poly(amidoxime) nanofiber membranes (HA-PAO NFMs) via a supramolecular crosslinking. Bacterial cellulose supplies the NFMs with ultrathin fiber structure, and large amounts of adsorption ligands are immobilized on the framework via the crosslinking with antibacterial ions. Thus, different from other fibers, HA-PAO NFMs achieve ultrathin diameter (20-30 nm), high BET area (51 m2 g-1), and excellent mechanical strength (13.6 MPa). The uranium adsorption capacity reaches to 409 mg-U/g-Ads in the simulated seawater, 99.2% uranium can be removed from the U-contained wastewater, and the adsorption process can be observed by the naked eye due to the significant color changes. The inhibition zones indicate their excellent anti-biofouling ability, which contributes to 1.83 times more uranium extraction amount from natural seawater than the non-antifouling adsorbents. Furthermore, they display a long service life and can be large-scale prepared, and the HA-PAO NFMs have potential in the massive uranium recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Se Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, PR China
| | - Rui Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, PR China
| | - Shenli Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, PR China
| | - Guoping Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, PR China
| | - Chunxin Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, PR China
| | - Guocheng Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, PR China
| | - Ning Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, PR China.
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18
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Kaushik A, Marvaniya K, Kulkarni Y, Bhatt D, Bhatt J, Mane M, Suresh E, Tothadi S, Patel K, Kushwaha S. Large-area self-standing thin film of porous hydrogen-bonded organic framework for efficient uranium extraction from seawater. Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chempr.2022.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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19
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Gu H, Yu J, Zhang H, Sun G, Li R, Liu P, Li Y, Wang J. Theory-Guided Design of a Method to Obtain Competitive Balance between U(VI) Adsorption and Swaying Zwitterion-Induced Fouling Resistance on Natural Hemp Fibers. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:6517. [PMID: 35742958 PMCID: PMC9223365 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23126517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2022] [Revised: 06/05/2022] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The competitive balance between uranium (VI) (U(VI)) adsorption and fouling resistance is of great significance in guaranteeing the full potential of U(VI) adsorbents in seawater, and it is faced with insufficient research. To fill the gap in this field, a molecular dynamics (MD) simulation was employed to explore the influence and to guide the design of mass-produced natural hemp fibers (HFs). Sulfobetaine (SB)- and carboxybetaine (CB)-type zwitterions containing soft side chains were constructed beside amidoxime (AO) groups on HFs (HFAS and HFAC) to form a hydration layer based on the terminal hydrophilic groups. The soft side chains were swayed by waves to form a hydration-layer area with fouling resistance and to simultaneously expel water molecules surrounding the AO groups. HFAS exhibited greater antifouling properties than that of HFAO and HFAC. The U(VI) adsorption capacity of HFAS was almost 10 times higher than that of HFAO, and the max mass rate of U:V was 4.3 after 35 days of immersion in marine water. This paper offers a theory-guided design of a method to the competitive balance between zwitterion-induced fouling resistance and seawater U(VI) adsorption on natural materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiquan Gu
- Key Laboratory of Superlight Materials and Surface Technology, Ministry of Education, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, China; (H.G.); (H.Z.); (R.L.); (P.L.)
- College of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, China;
| | - Jing Yu
- Key Laboratory of Superlight Materials and Surface Technology, Ministry of Education, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, China; (H.G.); (H.Z.); (R.L.); (P.L.)
- College of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, China;
| | - Hongsen Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Superlight Materials and Surface Technology, Ministry of Education, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, China; (H.G.); (H.Z.); (R.L.); (P.L.)
- College of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, China;
| | - Gaohui Sun
- College of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, China;
| | - Rumin Li
- Key Laboratory of Superlight Materials and Surface Technology, Ministry of Education, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, China; (H.G.); (H.Z.); (R.L.); (P.L.)
- College of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, China;
| | - Peili Liu
- Key Laboratory of Superlight Materials and Surface Technology, Ministry of Education, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, China; (H.G.); (H.Z.); (R.L.); (P.L.)
- College of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, China;
| | - Ying Li
- Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130023, China;
| | - Jun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Superlight Materials and Surface Technology, Ministry of Education, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, China; (H.G.); (H.Z.); (R.L.); (P.L.)
- College of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, China;
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20
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Sun W, Feng L, Zhang J, Lin K, Wang H, Yan B, Feng T, Cao M, Liu T, Yuan Y, Wang N. Amidoxime Group-Anchored Single Cobalt Atoms for Anti-Biofouling during Uranium Extraction from Seawater. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2022; 9:e2105008. [PMID: 35064758 PMCID: PMC8981433 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202105008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2021] [Revised: 12/24/2021] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Marine biofouling is one of the most significant challenges hindering practical uranium extraction from seawater. Single atoms have been widely used in catalytic applications because of their remarkable redox property, implying that the single atom is highly capable of catalyzing the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and acts as an anti-biofouling substance for controlling biofouling. In this study, the Co single atom loaded polyacrylamidoxime (PAO) material, PAO-Co, is fabricated based on the binding ability of the amidoxime group to uranyl and cobalt ions. Nitrogen and oxygen atoms from the amidoxime group stabilize the Co single atom. The fabricated PAO-Co exhibits a broad range of antimicrobial activity against diverse marine microorganisms by producing ROS, with an inhibition rate up to 93.4%. The present study is the first to apply the single atom for controlling biofouling. The adsorbent achieves an ultrahigh uranium adsorption capacity of 9.7 mg g-1 in biofouling-containing natural seawater, which decreased only by 11% compared with that in biofouling-removed natural seawater. These findings indicate that applying single atoms would be a promising strategy for designing biofouling-resistant adsorbents for uranium extraction from seawater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenyan Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China SeaHainan UniversityHaikou570228P. R. China
| | - Lijuan Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China SeaHainan UniversityHaikou570228P. R. China
| | - Jiacheng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China SeaHainan UniversityHaikou570228P. R. China
| | - Ke Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China SeaHainan UniversityHaikou570228P. R. China
| | - Hui Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China SeaHainan UniversityHaikou570228P. R. China
| | - Bingjie Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China SeaHainan UniversityHaikou570228P. R. China
| | - Tiantian Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China SeaHainan UniversityHaikou570228P. R. China
| | - Meng Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China SeaHainan UniversityHaikou570228P. R. China
| | - Tao Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China SeaHainan UniversityHaikou570228P. R. China
| | - Yihui Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China SeaHainan UniversityHaikou570228P. R. China
| | - Ning Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China SeaHainan UniversityHaikou570228P. R. China
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21
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Pu Y, Qiang T, Ren L. Waste feather fiber based high extraction capacity bio-adsorbent for sustainable uranium extraction from seawater. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 206:699-707. [PMID: 35259433 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.03.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Revised: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Recycling uranium from seawater is of great significance to the development of nuclear industry. However, due to high salinity and low uranium concentration in seawater, there are still many challenges in current seawater uranium extraction technology. In this study, waste feather fibers (FF) were used as raw materials to develop a phosphonate-functionalized feather fiber (FF-PT). The study on the adsorption performance shows that FF-PT have good adsorption and recycling performance for uranium. The study on the adsorption performance shows that FF-PT have good adsorption and recycling performance for uranium. The adsorption capacity reaches up to 342.5 mg·g-1 in the 8 ppm uranium solution, and service life of at least 10 cycles were obtained. In addition, in the environment with high salinity and the coexistence of metal competitive ions, FF-PT also shows excellent selectivity, and it can reach 3.22 mg·g-1 adsorption capacity after immersed in natural seawater for 30 days. Combined with the results of economic analysis, we believe that the FF-PT has broad application prospects in the industrialized uranium extraction from seawater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yadong Pu
- College of Bioresources and Materials Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710021, PR China; National Demonstration Center for Experimental Light Chemistry Engineering Education, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710021, PR China
| | - Taotao Qiang
- College of Bioresources and Materials Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710021, PR China; National Demonstration Center for Experimental Light Chemistry Engineering Education, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710021, PR China.
| | - Longfang Ren
- College of Bioresources and Materials Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710021, PR China; National Demonstration Center for Experimental Light Chemistry Engineering Education, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710021, PR China.
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22
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He Y, Hou G, Lu X, Chang P, Shao D. Application of poly(vinylphosphonic acid) modified poly(amidoxime) in uptake of uranium from seawater. RSC Adv 2022; 12:4054-4060. [PMID: 35425411 PMCID: PMC8981067 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra09118b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
To enhance the anti-biofouling properties and adsorption capability of poly(amidoxime) (PAO), vinylphosphonic acid (VPA, CH2[double bond, length as m-dash]CH-PO3H2) was polymerized on poly(acrylonitrile) (PAN) surface by plasma technique, followed by amidoximation treatment to convert the cyano group (-C[triple bond, length as m-dash]N) into an amidoxime group (AO, -C(NH2)[double bond, length as m-dash]N-OH). The obtained poly(vinylphosphonic acid)/PAO (PVPA/PAO) was used as an adsorbent in the uptake of U(vi) from seawater. The effect of environmental conditions on the anti-biofouling property and adsorption capability of PVPA/PAO for U(vi) were studied. Results show that the modified PVPA enhances the anti-biofouling properties and adsorption capability of PAO for U(vi). The adsorption process is well described by the pseudo-second-order kinetic model and reached equilibrium in 24 h. Adsorption isotherms of U(vi) on PVPA/PAO can be well fitted by the Langmuir model, and the maximum adsorption capability was calculated to be 145 mg g-1 at pH 8.2 and 298 K. Experimental results highlight the application of PVPA/PAO in the extraction of U(vi) from seawater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangchun He
- School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology Nanjing 210094 P. R. China
| | - Guangshun Hou
- Institute of Resources and Environment, Henan Polytechnic University Jiaozuo 454000 P. R. China
| | - Xirui Lu
- Fundamental Science on Nuclear Wastes and Environmental Safety Laboratory, Southwest University of Science and Technology Mianyang 621010 P. R. China
| | - Pengpeng Chang
- CNNP Jiangsu Nuclear Power Co. Ltd. Lianyungang 222042 P. R. China
| | - Dadong Shao
- School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology Nanjing 210094 P. R. China
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23
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Zhu P, Wang Y, Bai X, Pan J. CO2-in-Water Pickering Emulsion-Assisted Polymerization-Induced Self-Assembly of Raspberry-like sorbent microbeads for uranium adsorption. Sep Purif Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2021.119710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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24
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Yang L, Huang C, Luo X, Zhang L, Ye Y, Jun H, Wang Y. Chitosan-based aerogel with anti-swelling for U(VI) adsorption from aqueous solution. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2021.127527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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25
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Xu Y, Zhang H, Liu Q, Liu J, Chen R, Yu J, Zhu J, Li R, Wang J. Surface hybridization of π-conjugate structure cyclized polyacrylonitrile and radial microsphere shaped TiO 2 for reducing U(VI) to U(IV). JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 416:125812. [PMID: 34492780 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.125812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2021] [Revised: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 04/01/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
It is still a challenge to obtain uranium (U) adsorbents with high selectivity, excellent cycle stability and excellent performance through design and synthesis. In this paper, the TiO2/CPAN-AO catalyst was prepared by the hydrothermal method combined with high temperature cyclization dehydrogenation. TiO2/CPAN-AO has excellent photocatalytic properties, which can reduce U(VI) to U(IV) quickly and selectively. The generated Z-type heterojunction promotes the reduction ability of photogenerated electrons, and obtains great selectivity to UO22+ (Uranyl ions) through the AO group. TiO2/CPAN-AO with π-electron conjugated structure broadens the spectral range through surface hybridization and prolongs the lifetime of photo-generated charges. Under the induction of light, the uranium extraction capacity of TiO2/CPAN-AO after 5 h of irradiation is about 2.38 g/g. TiO2/CPAN-AO is a catalyst with enhanced adsorption capacity, making it possible to extract uranium from large-scale natural seawater in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yachao Xu
- Key Laboratory of Superlight Materials and Surface Technology, Ministry of Education, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, China; College of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, China; Key Laboratory of Marine Special Materials, Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, China
| | - Hongsen Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Superlight Materials and Surface Technology, Ministry of Education, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, China; College of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, China; Key Laboratory of Marine Special Materials, Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, China.
| | - Qi Liu
- Key Laboratory of Superlight Materials and Surface Technology, Ministry of Education, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, China; College of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, China; HIT (Hainan) MilitaryCivilian Integration Innovation Research Institute Company Ltd., Hainan 572400, China; Harbin Engineering University Capital Management Co. Ltd, Harbin 150001, China; Key Laboratory of Marine Special Materials, Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, China
| | - Jingyuan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Superlight Materials and Surface Technology, Ministry of Education, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, China; College of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, China; Key Laboratory of Marine Special Materials, Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, China
| | - Rongrong Chen
- Key Laboratory of Superlight Materials and Surface Technology, Ministry of Education, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, China; College of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, China; Key Laboratory of Marine Special Materials, Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, China
| | - Jing Yu
- Key Laboratory of Superlight Materials and Surface Technology, Ministry of Education, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, China; College of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, China; Key Laboratory of Marine Special Materials, Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, China
| | - Jiahui Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Superlight Materials and Surface Technology, Ministry of Education, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, China; College of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, China; Key Laboratory of Marine Special Materials, Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, China
| | - Rumin Li
- Key Laboratory of Superlight Materials and Surface Technology, Ministry of Education, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, China; College of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, China; HIT (Hainan) MilitaryCivilian Integration Innovation Research Institute Company Ltd., Hainan 572400, China; Key Laboratory of Marine Special Materials, Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, China
| | - Jun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Superlight Materials and Surface Technology, Ministry of Education, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, China; College of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, China; HIT (Hainan) MilitaryCivilian Integration Innovation Research Institute Company Ltd., Hainan 572400, China; Key Laboratory of Marine Special Materials, Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, China.
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26
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He N, Li H, Li L, Cheng C, Lu X, Wen J, Wang X. Polyguanidine-modified adsorbent to enhance marine applicability for uranium recovery from seawater. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 416:126192. [PMID: 34492956 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.126192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2021] [Revised: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 05/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The marine applicability of adsorbents intended for recovering uranium from seawater is crucial. For such applicability, the materials must exhibit anti-biofouling properties, seawater pH adaptability (pH~8), and salt tolerance. Extracting uranium from seawater is a long-term project; hence, biofouling, high salt concentrations, and weak alkaline environments negatively affect the adsorption of uranium and damage the recovered materials. Most studies on the extraction of uranium from seawater focus on increasing the adsorption capacity of the employed adsorbent, while its marine applicability is neglected. In the present study, three types of guanidine polymer (GP)-modified acrylic fibers were prepared to investigate the impact of the introduced structure on the marine applicability of the fibers. After screening, the introduction of polyhexamethylene biguanidine (PHMB) is observed to produce PAO-PHMB-A, characterized by excellent marine applicability. The enhanced properties include high antimicrobial activity (109 CFU/mL, 99.71%), good salt tolerance, and optimal adsorption at a pH of 8. Owing to the synergistic effect of its functional groups, the PAO-PHMB-A material exhibits excellent adsorption performance (525.89 mg/g), as well as high selectivity and durability. More importantly, long-term marine tests revealed that PAO-PHMB-A shows a remarkable uranium adsorption capacity (30 d, 3.19 mg/g) and excellent antibacterial activity. Considering its excellent marine applicability and good adsorption performance, the PAO-PHMB-A material developed in this work could serve as a potential adsorbent for engineering applications associated with uranium recovery from seawater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ningning He
- Institute of Nuclear Physics and Chemistry, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang 621900, China; State Key Laboratory of Environment-friendly Energy Materials, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621900, China
| | - Hao Li
- Institute of Nuclear Physics and Chemistry, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang 621900, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Nuclear Energy Technology, Institute of Nuclear and New Energy Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Luyan Li
- Institute of Nuclear Physics and Chemistry, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang 621900, China
| | - Chong Cheng
- Institute of Nuclear Physics and Chemistry, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang 621900, China
| | - Xirui Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Environment-friendly Energy Materials, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621900, China
| | - Jun Wen
- Institute of Nuclear Physics and Chemistry, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang 621900, China.
| | - Xiaolin Wang
- China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang 621900, China.
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Zong E, Wang C, Yang J, Zhu H, Jiang S, Liu X, Song P. Preparation of TiO 2/cellulose nanocomposites as antibacterial bio-adsorbents for effective phosphate removal from aqueous medium. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 182:434-444. [PMID: 33838194 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2021] [Revised: 03/13/2021] [Accepted: 04/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The design of environmentally benign bio-adsorbents for the removal of phosphate from aqueous medium was an economic and effective way for controlling eutrophication. Herein, we prepared three kinds of TiO2/cellulose (CE-Ti) nanocomposites by a facile hydrolysis-precipitation method, and used them as antibacterial bio-adsorbents for the removal of phosphate from aqueous medium. Multiple techniques including Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), scanning electron microscope (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) were employed to characterize the nanostructure and characteristics of the prepared CE-Ti nanocomposite. The adsorption capacity of the CE-Ti was 19.57 mg P g-1 according to the Langmuir model, which was 6 times higher than that of CE. Importantly, the bacterial inhibition zone of the CE-Ti was 2.88 mm (that of CE was 0 mm), indicating that CE-Ti had good antibacterial activity that could reduce the attachment of the microorganism to the surface of CE-Ti, which was suitable for long-term phosphate removal. Moreover, the CE-Ti had good adsorption selectivity and anti-interference capability, according to interfering ions and ion strength experiments. Furthermore, Ti4+ leakage tests suggested that CE-Ti was highly stable under acidic, neutral and alkali conditions. These results indicated that the CE-Ti nanocomposite could be utilized as a promising antibacterial bio-adsorbent for effective phosphate removal from aqueous medium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enmin Zong
- College of Life Science, Taizhou University, 1139 Shifu Street, Taizhou 318000, PR China; School of Earth Sciences and Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, PR China
| | - Chen Wang
- College of Life Science, Taizhou University, 1139 Shifu Street, Taizhou 318000, PR China
| | - Jiayao Yang
- School of Engineering, Zhejiang A & F University, 666 Wusu Street, Hangzhou 311300, PR China
| | - Hangxuan Zhu
- School of Engineering, Zhejiang A & F University, 666 Wusu Street, Hangzhou 311300, PR China
| | - Shengtao Jiang
- College of Life Science, Taizhou University, 1139 Shifu Street, Taizhou 318000, PR China
| | - Xiaohuan Liu
- School of Engineering, Zhejiang A & F University, 666 Wusu Street, Hangzhou 311300, PR China.
| | - Pingan Song
- Centre for Future Materials, University of Southern Queensland, Springfield 4300, Australia
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Wen S, Sun Y, Liu R, Chen L, Wang J, Peng S, Ma C, Yuan Y, Gong W, Wang N. Supramolecularly Poly(amidoxime)-Loaded Macroporous Resin for Fast Uranium Recovery from Seawater and Uranium-Containing Wastewater. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:3246-3258. [PMID: 33406816 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c21046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Uranium is an extremely abundant resource in seawater that could supply nuclear fuel for over the long-term, but it is tremendously difficult to extract. Here, a new supramolecular poly(amidoxime) (PAO)-loaded macroporous resin (PLMR) adsorbent has been explored for highly efficient uranium adsorption. Through simply immersing the macroporous resin in the PAO solution, PAOs can be firmly loaded on the surface of the nanopores mainly by hydrophobic interaction, to achieve the as-prepared PLMR. Unlike existing amidoxime-based adsorbents containing many inner minimally effective PAOs, almost all the PAOs of PLMR have high uranium adsorption efficiency because they can form a PAO-layer on the nanopores with molecular-level thickness and ultrahigh specific surface area. As a result, this PLMR has highly efficient uranium adsorbing performance. The uranium adsorption capacity of the PLMR was 157 mg/g (the UPAO in the PLMR was 1039 mg/g), in 32 ppm uranium-spiked seawater for 120 h. Additionally, uranium in 1.0 L 100 ppb U-spiked both water and seawater can be removed quickly and the recovery efficiency can reach 91.1 ± 1.7% and 86.5 ± 1.9%, respectively, after being filtered by a column filled with 200 mg PLMR at 300 mL/min for 24 h. More importantly, after filtering 200 T natural seawater with 200 g PLMR for only 10 days, the uranium-uptake amount of the PLMR reached 2.14 ± 0.21 mg/g, and its average uranium adsorption speed reached 0.214 mg/(g·day) which is very fast among reported amidoxime-based adsorbents. This new adsorbent has great potential to quickly and massively recover uranium from seawater and uranium-containing wastewater. Most importantly, this work will provide a simple but general strategy to greatly enhance the uranium adsorption efficiency of amidoxime-functionalized adsorbents with ultrahigh specific surface area via supramolecular interaction, and even inspire the exploration of other adsorbents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shunxi Wen
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, P. R. China
| | - Ye Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, P. R. China
| | - Rongrong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, P. R. China
| | - Lin Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, P. R. China
| | - Jiawen Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, P. R. China
| | - Shuyi Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, P. R. China
| | - Chunxin Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, P. R. China
| | - Yihui Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, P. R. China
| | - Weitao Gong
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, P. R. China
| | - Ning Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, P. R. China
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Yu F, Song F, Wang R, Xu M, Luo F. Sulfonated perylene-based conjugated microporous polymer as a high-performance adsorbent for photo-enhanced uranium extraction from seawater. Polym Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d0py01656j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
A sulfonated perylene-based adsorbent is prepared for photo-enhanced uranium extraction from seawater. Owing to the photo-enhanced effect, the uranium extraction capacity of PyB-SO3H in seawater reaches 1989 mg g−1, with 90% extraction efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengtao Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Resources and Environment
- School of Chemistry
- Biology and Materials Science
- East China University of Technology
- Nanchang
| | - Fangru Song
- State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Resources and Environment
- School of Chemistry
- Biology and Materials Science
- East China University of Technology
- Nanchang
| | - Runze Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Resources and Environment
- School of Chemistry
- Biology and Materials Science
- East China University of Technology
- Nanchang
| | - Mei Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Resources and Environment
- School of Chemistry
- Biology and Materials Science
- East China University of Technology
- Nanchang
| | - Feng Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Resources and Environment
- School of Chemistry
- Biology and Materials Science
- East China University of Technology
- Nanchang
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Peng X, Liu X, Cui Y, Li Y, Ma J, Sun G. Adsorption of uranyl ion with polymer spheres modified by diamide. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s10967-020-07506-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Hassanpour F, Jalili K, Behboodpour L, Afkhami A. Microstructural Capture of Living Ultrathin Polymer Brush Evolution via Kinetic Simulation Studies. J Phys Chem B 2020; 124:9438-9455. [PMID: 32935990 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.0c04890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Performing dynamic off-lattice multicanonical Monte Carlo simulations, we study the statics, dynamics, and scission-recombination kinetics of a self-assembled in situ-polymerized polydisperse living polymer brush (LPB), designed by surface-initiated living polymerization. The living brush is initially grown from a two-dimensional substrate by end-monomer polymerization-depolymerization reactions through seeding of initiator arrays on the grafting plane which come in contact with a solution of nonbonded monomers under good solvent conditions. The polydispersity is shown to significantly deviate from the Flory-Schulz type for low temperatures because of pronounced diffusion limitation effects on the rate of the equilibration reaction. The self-avoiding chains take up fairly compact structures of typical size Rg(N) ∼ Nν in rigorously two-dimensional (d = 2) melt, with ν being the inverse fractal dimension (ν = 1/d). The Kratky description of the intramolecular structure factor F(q), in keeping with the concept of generalized Porod scattering from compact particles with fractal contour, discloses a robust nonmonotonic fashion with qdF(q) ∼ (qRg)-3/4 in the intermediate-q regime. It is found that the kinetics of LPB growth, given by the variation of the mean chain length, follows a power law ⟨N(t)⟩ ∝ t1/3 with elapsed time after the onset of polymerization, whereby the instantaneous molecular weight distribution (MWD) of the chains c(N) retains its functional form. The variation of ⟨N(t)⟩ during quenches of the LPB to different temperatures T can be described by a single master curve in units of dimensionless time t/τ∞, where τ∞ is the typical (final temperature T∞-dependent) relaxation time which is found to scale as τ∞ ∝ ⟨N(t = ∞)⟩5 with the ultimate average length of the chains. The equilibrium monomer density profile ϕ(z) of the LPB varies as ϕ(z) ∝ ϕ-α with the concentration of segments ϕ in the system and the probability distribution c(N) of chain lengths N in the brush layer scales as c(N) ∝ N-τ. The computed exponents α ≈ 0.64 and τ ≈ 1.70 are in good agreement with those predicted within the context of the Diffusion-Limited Aggregation theory, α = 2/3 and τ = 7/4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Hassanpour
- Department of Polymer Engineering, Sahand University of Technology, New Town of Sahand, 5331817634 Tabriz, Iran.,Institute of Polymeric Materials, Sahand University of Technology, New Town of Sahand, 5331817634 Tabriz, Iran
| | - Kiyumars Jalili
- Department of Polymer Engineering, Sahand University of Technology, New Town of Sahand, 5331817634 Tabriz, Iran.,Institute of Polymeric Materials, Sahand University of Technology, New Town of Sahand, 5331817634 Tabriz, Iran
| | - Leila Behboodpour
- Department of Polymer Engineering, Sahand University of Technology, New Town of Sahand, 5331817634 Tabriz, Iran.,Institute of Polymeric Materials, Sahand University of Technology, New Town of Sahand, 5331817634 Tabriz, Iran
| | - Ali Afkhami
- Department of Polymer Engineering, Sahand University of Technology, New Town of Sahand, 5331817634 Tabriz, Iran.,Institute of Polymeric Materials, Sahand University of Technology, New Town of Sahand, 5331817634 Tabriz, Iran
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