1
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Sun W, Wang ZX, Guo Y, Li C, Gao G, Wu FG. Iodine/soluble starch cryogel: An iodine-based antiseptic with instant water-solubility, improved stability, and potent bactericidal activity. Carbohydr Polym 2024; 340:122217. [PMID: 38857997 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2024.122217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2024] [Revised: 04/19/2024] [Accepted: 04/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/12/2024]
Abstract
Iodine (I2) as a broad-spectrum antiseptic has been widely used for treating bacterial infections. However, I2 has low water-solubility and sublimes under ambient conditions, which limits its practical antibacterial applications. The highly specific and sensitive reaction between I2 and starch discovered 200 years ago has been extensively applied in analytical chemistry, but the antibacterial activity of the I2-starch complex is rarely investigated. Herein, we develop a novel type of iodine-based antiseptics, iodine-soluble starch (I2-SS) cryogel, which can dissolve in water instantly and almost completely kill bacteria in 10 min at 2 μg/mL of I2. Although KI3 and the commercially available povidone‑iodine (I2-PVP) solutions show similar antibacterial efficacy, the high affinity of I2 to SS largely enhances the shelf stability of the I2-SS solution with ∼73 % I2 left after one-week storage at room temperature. In sharp contrast, ∼8.5 % and ∼2.5 % I2 are detected in KI3 and I2-PVP solutions, respectively. Mechanistic study reveals that the potent antibacterial effect of I2-SS originates from its attack on multiple bacterial targets. The outstanding antibacterial activity, capability of accelerating wound healing, and good biocompatibility of I2-SS are verified through further in vivo experiments. This work may promote the development of next-generation iodine-based antiseptics for clinical use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Digital Medical Engineering, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biomaterials and Devices, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, 2 Southeast University Road, Nanjing 211189, PR China; Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, 930 N. University Ave., Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.
| | - Zi-Xi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Digital Medical Engineering, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biomaterials and Devices, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, 2 Southeast University Road, Nanjing 211189, PR China
| | - Yuxin Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Digital Medical Engineering, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biomaterials and Devices, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, 2 Southeast University Road, Nanjing 211189, PR China
| | - Chengcheng Li
- International Innovation Center for Forest Chemicals and Materials and Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, PR China
| | - Ge Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Digital Medical Engineering, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biomaterials and Devices, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, 2 Southeast University Road, Nanjing 211189, PR China
| | - Fu-Gen Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Digital Medical Engineering, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biomaterials and Devices, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, 2 Southeast University Road, Nanjing 211189, PR China.
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2
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Panthi VK, Fairfull-Smith KE, Islam N. Liposomal drug delivery strategies to eradicate bacterial biofilms: Challenges, recent advances, and future perspectives. Int J Pharm 2024; 655:124046. [PMID: 38554739 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2024.124046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2023] [Revised: 03/08/2024] [Accepted: 03/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024]
Abstract
Typical antibiotic treatments are often ineffectual against biofilm-related infections since bacteria residing within biofilms have developed various mechanisms to resist antibiotics. To overcome these limitations, antimicrobial-loaded liposomal nanoparticles are a promising anti-biofilm strategy as they have demonstrated improved antibiotic delivery and eradication of bacteria residing in biofilms. Antibiotic-loaded liposomal nanoparticles revealed remarkably higher antibacterial and anti-biofilm activities than free drugs in experimental settings. Moreover, liposomal nanoparticles can be used efficaciously for the combinational delivery of antibiotics and other antimicrobial compounds/peptide which facilitate, for instance, significant breakdown of the biofilm matrix, increased bacterial elimination from biofilms and depletion of metabolic activity of various pathogens. Drug-loaded liposomes have mitigated recurrent infections and are considered a promising tool to address challenges associated to antibiotic resistance. Furthermore, it has been demonstrated that surface charge and polyethylene glycol modification of liposomes have a notable impact on their antibacterial biofilm activity. Future investigations should tackle the persistent hurdles associated with development of safe and effective liposomes for clinical application and investigate novel antibacterial treatments, including CRISPR-Cas gene editing, natural compounds, phages, and nano-mediated approaches. Herein, we emphasize the significance of liposomes in inhibition and eradication of various bacterial biofilms, their challenges, recent advances, and future perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vijay Kumar Panthi
- Pharmacy Discipline, School of Clinical Sciences, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Kathryn E Fairfull-Smith
- School of Chemistry and Physics, Faculty of Science, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland 4001, Australia; Centre for Materials Science, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland 4001, Australia
| | - Nazrul Islam
- Pharmacy Discipline, School of Clinical Sciences, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Brisbane, QLD, Australia; Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation (IHBI), Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Brisbane, QLD, Australia; Centre for Immunology and Infection Control (CIIC), Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Brisbane, QLD, Australia.
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3
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Marchianò V, Duarte AC, Agún S, Luque S, Marcet I, Fernández L, Matos M, Blanco MDC, García P, Gutiérrez G. Phage Lytic Protein CHAPSH3b Encapsulated in Niosomes and Gelatine Films. Microorganisms 2024; 12:119. [PMID: 38257944 PMCID: PMC10819965 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms12010119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Revised: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) has emerged as a global health challenge, sparking worldwide interest in exploring the antimicrobial potential of natural compounds as an alternative to conventional antibiotics. In recent years, one area of focus has been the utilization of bacteriophages and their derivative proteins. Specifically, phage lytic proteins, or endolysins, are specialized enzymes that induce bacterial cell lysis and can be efficiently produced and purified following overexpression in bacteria. Nonetheless, a significant limitation of these proteins is their vulnerability to certain environmental conditions, which may impair their effectiveness. Encapsulating endolysins in vesicles could mitigate this issue by providing added protection to the proteins, enabling controlled release, and enhancing their stability, particularly at temperatures around 4 °C. In this work, the chimeric lytic protein CHAPSH3b was encapsulated within non-ionic surfactant-based vesicles (niosomes) created using the thin film hydrating method (TFH). These protein-loaded niosomes were then characterized, revealing sizes in the range of 30-80 nm, zeta potentials between 30 and 50 mV, and an encapsulation efficiency (EE) of 50-60%. Additionally, with the objective of exploring their potential application in the food industry, these endolysin-loaded niosomes were incorporated into gelatine films. This was carried out to evaluate their stability and antimicrobial efficacy against Staphylococcus aureus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Verdiana Marchianò
- Department of Physical and Analytical Chemistry, University of Oviedo, Julián Clavería 8, 33006 Oviedo, Spain (M.d.C.B.)
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Oviedo, Julián Clavería 8, 33006 Oviedo, Spain; (S.L.); (I.M.); (M.M.)
| | - Ana Catarina Duarte
- Instituto de Productos Lácteos de Asturias (IPLA-CSIC), Paseo Río Linares s/n., 33300 Villaviciosa, Spain; (A.C.D.); (S.A.); (L.F.)
- DairySafe Group, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), 33011 Oviedo, Spain
| | - Seila Agún
- Instituto de Productos Lácteos de Asturias (IPLA-CSIC), Paseo Río Linares s/n., 33300 Villaviciosa, Spain; (A.C.D.); (S.A.); (L.F.)
- DairySafe Group, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), 33011 Oviedo, Spain
| | - Susana Luque
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Oviedo, Julián Clavería 8, 33006 Oviedo, Spain; (S.L.); (I.M.); (M.M.)
| | - Ismael Marcet
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Oviedo, Julián Clavería 8, 33006 Oviedo, Spain; (S.L.); (I.M.); (M.M.)
| | - Lucía Fernández
- Instituto de Productos Lácteos de Asturias (IPLA-CSIC), Paseo Río Linares s/n., 33300 Villaviciosa, Spain; (A.C.D.); (S.A.); (L.F.)
- DairySafe Group, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), 33011 Oviedo, Spain
| | - María Matos
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Oviedo, Julián Clavería 8, 33006 Oviedo, Spain; (S.L.); (I.M.); (M.M.)
- Instituto Universitario de Biotecnología de Asturias, University of Oviedo, 33006 Oviedo, Spain
| | - Mª del Carmen Blanco
- Department of Physical and Analytical Chemistry, University of Oviedo, Julián Clavería 8, 33006 Oviedo, Spain (M.d.C.B.)
- Instituto Universitario de Biotecnología de Asturias, University of Oviedo, 33006 Oviedo, Spain
| | - Pilar García
- Instituto de Productos Lácteos de Asturias (IPLA-CSIC), Paseo Río Linares s/n., 33300 Villaviciosa, Spain; (A.C.D.); (S.A.); (L.F.)
- DairySafe Group, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), 33011 Oviedo, Spain
| | - Gemma Gutiérrez
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Oviedo, Julián Clavería 8, 33006 Oviedo, Spain; (S.L.); (I.M.); (M.M.)
- Instituto Universitario de Biotecnología de Asturias, University of Oviedo, 33006 Oviedo, Spain
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4
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Huang Y, He S, Yu S, Johnson HM, Chan YK, Jiao Z, Wang S, Wu Z, Deng Y. MXene-Decorated Nanofibrous Membrane with Programmed Antibacterial and Anti-Inflammatory Effects via Steering NF-κB Pathway for Infectious Cutaneous Regeneration. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2304119. [PMID: 37759420 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202304119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Revised: 07/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
Although antibiotic is still the main choice for antibacteria both in hospital and community, phototherapy has become a possibly one of the alternative approaches in the treatment of microbe-associated infections nowadays because of its considerable potential in effective eradication of pathogenic bacteria. However, overwhelming reactive oxygen species (ROS) generated from phototherapy inevitably provoke an inflammatory response, complicating the healing process. To address this outstanding issue, a MXene-decorated nanofibrious is devised that not only yield localized heat but also elevate ROS levels under near-infrared laser exposure ascribed to the synergistic photothermal/photodynamic effect, for potent bacterial inactivation. After being further loaded with aspirin, the nanofibrous membranes exhibit benign cytocompatibility, boosting cell growth and suppressing the (nuclear factor kappa-B ( NF-κB) signaling pathways through RNA sequencing analysis, indicating an excellent anti-inflammatory effect. Interestingly, in vivo investigations also corroborate that the nanofibrous membranes accelerate infectious cutaneous regeneration by efficiently killing pathogenic bacteria, promoting collagen deposition, boosting angiogenesis, and dampening inflammatory reaction via steering NF-κB pathway. As envisaged, this work furnishes a decorated nanofibrous membrane with programmed antibacterial and anti-inflammatory effects for remedy of refractory bacteria-invaded wound regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yixuan Huang
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Shuai He
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Sheng Yu
- Department of Chemistry, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, 99164, USA
| | - Hannah M Johnson
- Department of Chemistry, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, 99164, USA
| | - Yau Kei Chan
- Department of Ophthalmology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Zheng Jiao
- Sichuan University-Pittsburgh Institute, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610207, China
| | - Shouteng Wang
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Zixiang Wu
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Yi Deng
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, 999077, China
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5
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Li W, Wu S, Ren L, Feng B, Chen Z, Li Z, Cheng B, Xia J. Development of an Antiswelling Hydrogel System Incorporating M2-Exosomes and Photothermal Effect for Diabetic Wound Healing. ACS NANO 2023; 17:22106-22120. [PMID: 37902250 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c09220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2023]
Abstract
Diabetic wounds represent a persistent global health challenge with a substantial impact on patients' health and overall well-being. Herein, a hydrogel system that integrates functionalized gold nanorods (AuNRs) and M2 macrophage-derived exosomes (M2-Exos) was developed to achieve an efficient and synergistic therapy for diabetic wounds. We introduced an ion-cross-linked dissipative network into a prefabricated covalent cross-linked network (long-chain polymer network), which was prepared using AuNRs as a specific cross-linker. The ion network was then cross-linked with the long-chain polymer in situ to form a specific network structure, imparting antiswelling and photothermal effects to the hydrogel. This integrated hydrogel system effectively scavenged reactive oxygen species levels, inhibited inflammation, promoted angiogenesis, and stimulated photothermal antibacterial activity through near-infrared (NIR) irradiation. To demonstrate the potential of the hydrogel, we established experimental animal models of oral mucosa ulceration and full-thickness skin defects. In vivo results confirmed that M2-Exos released from the hydrogels played a crucial role in wound closure. Furthermore, the synergistic effect of AuNRs and NIR photothermal effects eradicated bacterial infections in the wound area. Overall, our integrated hydrogel system is a promising tool for accelerating chronic diabetic wound healing and tissue regeneration. This study highlights the potential benefits of combining bioactive M2-Exos and the photothermal effect of AuNRs into an antiswelling hydrogel platform to achieve satisfactory wound healing in patients with diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weichang Li
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510055, People's Republic of China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou 510055, People's Republic of China
| | - Shujie Wu
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510055, People's Republic of China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou 510055, People's Republic of China
| | - Lin Ren
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510055, People's Republic of China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou 510055, People's Republic of China
| | - Bingyu Feng
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510055, People's Republic of China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou 510055, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhipei Chen
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510055, People's Republic of China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou 510055, People's Republic of China
| | - Zongtai Li
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510055, People's Republic of China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou 510055, People's Republic of China
| | - Bin Cheng
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510055, People's Republic of China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou 510055, People's Republic of China
| | - Juan Xia
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510055, People's Republic of China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou 510055, People's Republic of China
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6
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Gangurde P, Mahmoudzadeh M, Gounani Z, Koivuniemi A, Laurén P, Lajunen T, Laaksonen T. Development of Robust Cationic Light-Activated Thermosensitive Liposomes: Choosing the Right Lipids. Mol Pharm 2023; 20:5728-5738. [PMID: 37874965 PMCID: PMC10630945 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.3c00602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Revised: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/26/2023]
Abstract
Extensive research has been conducted on cationic light-activated thermosensitive liposomes (CLTSLs) as a means for site-specific and controlled drug release; however, less attention has been given to the stability of these nanoparticles. Selecting the appropriate lipids is crucial for the development of a stable and responsive system. In this study, we investigated the impact of various lipids on the physical properties of cationic light-activated liposomes. Incorporating poly(ethylene glycol) PEG molecules resulted in uniform liposomes with low polydispersity index, while the addition of unsaturated lipid (DOTAP) resulted in extremely leaky liposomes, with almost 80% release in just 10 min of incubation at body temperature. Conversely, the inclusion of cholesterol in the formulation increased liposome stability too much and decreased their sensitivity to stimuli-responsive release, with only 14% release after 2 min of light exposure. To achieve stable and functional CLTSL, we substituted an equivalent amount of unsaturated lipid with a saturated lipid (DPTAP), resulting in stable liposomes at body temperature that were highly responsive to light, releasing 90% of their content in 10 s of light exposure. We also conducted two atomistic molecular dynamics simulations using lipid compositions with saturated and unsaturated lipids to investigate the effect of lipid composition on the dynamical properties of the liposomal lipid bilayer. Our findings suggest that the nature of lipids used to prepare liposomes significantly affects their properties, especially when the drug loading needs to be stable but triggered drug release properties are required at the same time. Selecting the appropriate lipids in the right amount is therefore essential for the preparation of liposomes with desirable properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Puja Gangurde
- Drug
Research Program, Division of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Faculty
of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, Viikinkaari 5 E, FI-00790 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Mohammad Mahmoudzadeh
- Drug
Research Program, Division of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Faculty
of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, Viikinkaari 5 E, FI-00790 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Zahra Gounani
- Drug
Research Program, Division of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Faculty
of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, Viikinkaari 5 E, FI-00790 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Artturi Koivuniemi
- Drug
Research Program, Division of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Faculty
of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, Viikinkaari 5 E, FI-00790 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Patrick Laurén
- Drug
Research Program, Division of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Faculty
of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, Viikinkaari 5 E, FI-00790 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Tatu Lajunen
- Drug
Research Program, Division of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Faculty
of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, Viikinkaari 5 E, FI-00790 Helsinki, Finland
- School
of Pharmacy, University of Eastern Finland, P.O. Box 1627, FI-70211 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Timo Laaksonen
- Drug
Research Program, Division of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Faculty
of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, Viikinkaari 5 E, FI-00790 Helsinki, Finland
- Faculty
of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Tampere
University, FI-33101 Tampere, Finland
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7
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Zheng Y, Baidya A, Annabi N. Molecular design of an ultra-strong tissue adhesive hydrogel with tunable multifunctionality. Bioact Mater 2023; 29:214-229. [PMID: 37520304 PMCID: PMC10372327 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2023.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Revised: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Designing adhesive hydrogels with optimal properties for the treatment of injured tissues is challenging due to the tradeoff between material stiffness and toughness while maintaining adherence to wet tissue surfaces. In most cases, bioadhesives with improved mechanical strength often lack an appropriate elastic compliance, hindering their application for sealing soft, elastic, and dynamic tissues. Here, we present a novel strategy for engineering tissue adhesives in which molecular building blocks are manipulated to allow for precise control and optimization of the various aforementioned properties without any tradeoffs. To introduce tunable mechanical properties and robust tissue adhesion, the hydrogel network presents different modes of covalent and noncovalent interactions using N-hydroxysuccinimide ester (NHS) conjugated alginate (Alg-NHS), poly (ethylene glycol) diacrylate (PEGDA), tannic acid (TA), and Fe3+ ions. Through combining and tuning different molecular interactions and a variety of crosslinking mechanisms, we were able to design an extremely elastic (924%) and tough (4697 kJ/m3) multifunctional hydrogel that could quickly adhere to wet tissue surfaces within 5 s of gentle pressing and deform to support physiological tissue function over time under wet conditions. While Alg-NHS provides covalent bonding with the tissue surfaces, the catechol moieties of TA molecules synergistically adopt a mussel-inspired adhesive mechanism to establish robust adherence to the wet tissue. The strong adhesion of the engineered bioadhesive patch is showcased by its application to rabbit conjunctiva and porcine cornea. Meanwhile, the engineered bioadhesive demonstrated painless detachable characteristics and in vitro biocompatibility. Additionally, due to the molecular interactions between TA and Fe3+, antioxidant and antibacterial properties required to support the wound healing pathways were also highlighted. Overall, by tuning various molecular interactions, we were able to develop a single-hydrogel platform with an "all-in-one" multifunctionality that can address current challenges of engineering hydrogel-based bioadhesives for tissue repair and sealing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuting Zheng
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, United States
| | - Avijit Baidya
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, United States
| | - Nasim Annabi
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, United States
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, United States
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8
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He L, Di D, Chu X, Liu X, Wang Z, Lu J, Wang S, Zhao Q. Photothermal antibacterial materials to promote wound healing. J Control Release 2023; 363:180-200. [PMID: 37739014 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2023.09.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Revised: 09/17/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/24/2023]
Abstract
Wound healing is a crucial process that restores the integrity and function of the skin and other tissues after injury. However, external factors, such as infection and inflammation, can impair wound healing and cause severe tissue damage. Therefore, developing new drugs or methods to promote wound healing is of great significance. Photothermal therapy (PTT) is a promising technique that uses photothermal agents (PTAs) to convert near-infrared radiation into heat, which can eliminate bacteria and stimulate tissue regeneration. PTT has the advantages of high efficiency, controllability, and low drug resistance. Hence, nanomaterial-based PTT and its related strategies have been widely explored for wound healing applications. However, a comprehensive review of PTT-related strategies for wound healing is still lacking. In this review, we introduce the physiological mechanisms and influencing factors of wound healing, and summarize the types of PTAs commonly used for wound healing. Then, we discuss the strategies for designing nanocomposites for multimodal combination treatment of wounds. Moreover, we review methods to improve the therapeutic efficacy of PTT for wound healing, such as selecting the appropriate wound dressing form, controlling drug release, and changing the infrared irradiation window. Finally, we address the challenges of PTT in wound healing and suggest future directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luning He
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang, Liaoning Province 110016, PR China
| | - Donghua Di
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang, Liaoning Province 110016, PR China
| | - Xinhui Chu
- Wuya College of innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang, Liaoning Province 110016, PR China
| | - Xinlin Liu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang, Liaoning Province 110016, PR China
| | - Ziyi Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang, Liaoning Province 110016, PR China
| | - Junya Lu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang, Liaoning Province 110016, PR China
| | - Siling Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang, Liaoning Province 110016, PR China
| | - Qinfu Zhao
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang, Liaoning Province 110016, PR China.
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9
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Liu Z, Guo K, Yan L, Zhang K, Wang Y, Ding X, Zhao N, Xu FJ. Janus nanoparticles targeting extracellular polymeric substance achieve flexible elimination of drug-resistant biofilms. Nat Commun 2023; 14:5132. [PMID: 37612285 PMCID: PMC10447547 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-40830-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Safe and efficient antibacterial materials are urgently needed to combat drug-resistant bacteria and biofilm-associated infections. The rational design of nanoparticles for flexible elimination of biofilms remains challenging. Herein, we propose the fabrication of Janus-structured nanoparticles targeting extracellular polymeric substance to achieve dispersion or near-infrared (NIR) light-activated photothermal elimination of drug-resistant biofilms, respectively. Asymmetrical Janus-structured dextran-bismuth selenide (Dex-BSe) nanoparticles are fabricated to exploit synergistic effects of both components. Interestingly, Janus Dex-BSe nanoparticles realize enhanced dispersal of biofilms over time. Alternatively, taking advantage of the preferential accumulation of nanoparticles at infection sites, the self-propelled active motion induced by the unique Janus structure enhances photothermal killing effect. The flexible application of Janus Dex-BSe nanoparticles for biofilm removal or NIR-triggered eradication in vivo is demonstrated by Staphylococcus aureus-infected mouse excisional wound model and abscess model, respectively. The developed Janus nanoplatform holds great promise for the efficient elimination of drug-resistant biofilms in diverse antibacterial scenarios.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiwen Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Materials of Natural Macromolecules (Beijing University of Chemical Technology), Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100029, China
- Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Kangli Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Materials of Natural Macromolecules (Beijing University of Chemical Technology), Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100029, China
- Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Liemei Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Materials of Natural Macromolecules (Beijing University of Chemical Technology), Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100029, China
- Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Kai Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Materials of Natural Macromolecules (Beijing University of Chemical Technology), Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100029, China
- Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Ying Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Materials of Natural Macromolecules (Beijing University of Chemical Technology), Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100029, China
- Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Xiaokang Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Materials of Natural Macromolecules (Beijing University of Chemical Technology), Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100029, China
- Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Nana Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China.
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Materials of Natural Macromolecules (Beijing University of Chemical Technology), Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100029, China.
- Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China.
| | - Fu-Jian Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China.
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Materials of Natural Macromolecules (Beijing University of Chemical Technology), Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100029, China.
- Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China.
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10
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Qi Y, Li Y, Li K, Xie T, Hua S, Guo Q, Zheng Y, Zhou M. Biocompatible Gallium Nanodots against Drug-Resistant Bacterial Pneumonia and Liver Abscess. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:39143-39156. [PMID: 37579188 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c07256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/16/2023]
Abstract
Resistant bacterial infection remains a severe public health threat, and conventional antibiotic drugs work poorly in effectively treating infectious diseases. Here, we developed gallium-based nanodots (Ga NDs), consisting of specific disruption of bacterial iron ability, to treat multidrug-resistant (MDR) Gram-negative bacteria-infected diseases. The Ga NDs significantly suppress the proliferation of two typical MDR bacteria strains (P. aeruginosa and ESBL E. coli) compared with clinically used antibacterial drugs, including penicillin and levofloxacin. Ga NDs could also disrupt the biofilms of these two bacterial strains. In P. aeruginosa infected pneumonia and ESBL E. coli infected acute liver abscess models, the Ga NDs enable substantial inhibition of bacterial growth and reduce the organs' inflammation that resulted in significant improvement of survival. Further, the Ga NDs demonstrated excellent biocompatibility and biosafety characteristics. Together, we believe that our gallium containing nanotherapeutics are expected to be developed into promising alternative therapies to combat drug-resistant bacterial infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuchen Qi
- Eye Center, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 223300, P. R. China
- Zhejiang University-University of Edinburgh Institute (ZJU-UoE Institute), Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Haining 314400, P. R. China
| | - Yangyang Li
- Eye Center, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 223300, P. R. China
| | - Kun Li
- Department of Musculoskeletal Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 210000, P. R. China
| | - Tingting Xie
- Zhejiang University-University of Edinburgh Institute (ZJU-UoE Institute), Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Haining 314400, P. R. China
| | - Shiyuan Hua
- Eye Center, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 223300, P. R. China
| | - Qunfeng Guo
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200003, P. R. China
| | - Yichun Zheng
- Department of Urology, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Yiwu 223300, P. R. China
| | - Min Zhou
- Eye Center, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 223300, P. R. China
- Zhejiang University-University of Edinburgh Institute (ZJU-UoE Institute), Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Haining 314400, P. R. China
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11
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Kauser A, Parisini E, Suarato G, Castagna R. Light-Based Anti-Biofilm and Antibacterial Strategies. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:2106. [PMID: 37631320 PMCID: PMC10457815 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15082106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 07/29/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Biofilm formation and antimicrobial resistance pose significant challenges not only in clinical settings (i.e., implant-associated infections, endocarditis, and urinary tract infections) but also in industrial settings and in the environment, where the spreading of antibiotic-resistant bacteria is on the rise. Indeed, developing effective strategies to prevent biofilm formation and treat infections will be one of the major global challenges in the next few years. As traditional pharmacological treatments are becoming inadequate to curb this problem, a constant commitment to the exploration of novel therapeutic strategies is necessary. Light-triggered therapies have emerged as promising alternatives to traditional approaches due to their non-invasive nature, precise spatial and temporal control, and potential multifunctional properties. Here, we provide a comprehensive overview of the different biofilm formation stages and the molecular mechanism of biofilm disruption, with a major focus on the quorum sensing machinery. Moreover, we highlight the principal guidelines for the development of light-responsive materials and photosensitive compounds. The synergistic effects of combining light-triggered therapies with conventional treatments are also discussed. Through elegant molecular and material design solutions, remarkable results have been achieved in the fight against biofilm formation and antibacterial resistance. However, further research and development in this field are essential to optimize therapeutic strategies and translate them into clinical and industrial applications, ultimately addressing the global challenges posed by biofilm and antimicrobial resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ambreen Kauser
- Department of Biotechnology, Latvian Institute of Organic Synthesis, Aizkraukles 21, LV-1006 Riga, Latvia; (A.K.); (E.P.)
- Faculty of Materials Science and Applied Chemistry, Riga Technical University, Paula Valdena 3, LV-1048 Riga, Latvia
| | - Emilio Parisini
- Department of Biotechnology, Latvian Institute of Organic Synthesis, Aizkraukles 21, LV-1006 Riga, Latvia; (A.K.); (E.P.)
- Department of Chemistry “G. Ciamician”, University of Bologna, Via Selmi 2, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Giulia Suarato
- Istituto di Elettronica e di Ingegneria dell’Informazione e delle Telecomunicazioni, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, CNR-IEIIT, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Rossella Castagna
- Department of Biotechnology, Latvian Institute of Organic Synthesis, Aizkraukles 21, LV-1006 Riga, Latvia; (A.K.); (E.P.)
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Materiali e Ingegneria Chimica “G. Natta”, Politecnico di Milano, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, 20133 Milano, Italy
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12
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Makhlouf Z, Ali AA, Al-Sayah MH. Liposomes-Based Drug Delivery Systems of Anti-Biofilm Agents to Combat Bacterial Biofilm Formation. Antibiotics (Basel) 2023; 12:antibiotics12050875. [PMID: 37237778 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics12050875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2023] [Revised: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
All currently approved antibiotics are being met by some degree of resistance by the bacteria they target. Biofilm formation is one of the crucial enablers of bacterial resistance, making it an important bacterial process to target for overcoming antibiotic resistance. Accordingly, several drug delivery systems that target biofilm formation have been developed. One of these systems is based on lipid-based nanocarriers (liposomes), which have shown strong efficacy against biofilms of bacterial pathogens. Liposomes come in various types, namely conventional (charged or neutral), stimuli-responsive, deformable, targeted, and stealth. This paper reviews studies employing liposomal formulations against biofilms of medically salient gram-negative and gram-positive bacterial species reported recently. When it comes to gram-negative species, liposomal formulations of various types were reported to be efficacious against Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, Acinetobacter baumannii, and members of the genera Klebsiella, Salmonella, Aeromonas, Serratia, Porphyromonas, and Prevotella. A range of liposomal formulations were also effective against gram-positive biofilms, including mostly biofilms of Staphylococcal strains, namely Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, and Staphylococcus saprophyticus subspecies bovis, followed by Streptococcal strains (pneumonia, oralis, and mutans), Cutibacterium acnes, Bacillus subtilis, Mycobacterium avium, Mycobacterium avium subsp. hominissuis, Mycobacterium abscessus, and Listeria monocytogenes biofilms. This review outlines the benefits and limitations of using liposomal formulations as means to combat different multidrug-resistant bacteria, urging the investigation of the effects of bacterial gram-stain on liposomal efficiency and the inclusion of pathogenic bacterial strains previously unstudied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zinb Makhlouf
- Department of Biology, Chemistry and Environmental Sciences, American University of Sharjah, Sharjah P.O. Box 26666, United Arab Emirates
| | - Amaal Abdulraqeb Ali
- Biomedical Engineering Program, American University of Sharjah, Sharjah P.O. Box 26666, United Arab Emirates
| | - Mohammad Hussein Al-Sayah
- Department of Biology, Chemistry and Environmental Sciences, American University of Sharjah, Sharjah P.O. Box 26666, United Arab Emirates
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13
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Cui A, Bao Y, Xu H, Mu X, Zhong X, Wee W, Wu F, Shan G. A dual-modal ROS generator based on multifunctional PDA-MnO 2@Ce6 nanozymes for synergistic chemo-photodynamic antibacterial therapy. Biomater Sci 2023; 11:2243-2252. [PMID: 36751967 DOI: 10.1039/d2bm01939f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
The rapid emergence of drug-resistant bacteria has attracted great attention to exploring advanced antibacterial methods. However, single-modal antibacterial therapy cannot easily eliminate drug-resistant bacteria completely due to its low efficacy. Therefore, it is essential to achieve multi-modal antibacterial therapy effectively. Herein, a dual-modal ROS generator was designed based on photosensitive PDA-MnO2@Ce6/liposome (PMCL) nanozymes for synergistic chemo-photodynamic therapy. PMCL nanozymes adhere to bacteria through liposome-membrane fusion. Meanwhile, PMCL catalyzes endogenous hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) to generate hydroxyl radicals (˙OH) and singlet oxygen (1O2) under laser irradiation. Furthermore, the photothermal effect can accelerate the generation of ROS. Based on dual-enzyme activities (mimicking peroxidase and catalase) and photodynamic properties, PMCL achieves powerful antibacterial efficacy and mature bacterial biofilm eradication. With the synergistic chemo-photodynamic effects, bacterial populations decrease by >99.76% against Gram-positive S. aureus and Gram-negative E. coli. Notably, the synergistic antibacterial properties of PMCL nanozymes are further explored using a mouse wound model of S. aureus infection. This work fabricated an efficient dual-modal ROS generator to kill bacteria, further providing a new strategy for treating wound infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anni Cui
- Centre for Advanced Optoelectronic Functional Materials Research, Key Laboratory for UV Light-Emitting Materials and Technology of the Ministry of Education, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, China.
| | - Ying Bao
- Department of Chemistry, Western Washington University, Bellingham, WA 98225, USA
| | - Haitao Xu
- Department of Ophthalmology, the Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130041, China
| | - Xin Mu
- Centre for Advanced Optoelectronic Functional Materials Research, Key Laboratory for UV Light-Emitting Materials and Technology of the Ministry of Education, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, China.
| | - Xiahua Zhong
- Centre for Advanced Optoelectronic Functional Materials Research, Key Laboratory for UV Light-Emitting Materials and Technology of the Ministry of Education, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, China.
| | - Wynn Wee
- Department of Chemistry, Western Washington University, Bellingham, WA 98225, USA
| | - Fanqi Wu
- Department of General Science: Chemical Biology, Thompson Rivers University, Kamloops, BC V2C 0C8, Canada
| | - Guiye Shan
- Centre for Advanced Optoelectronic Functional Materials Research, Key Laboratory for UV Light-Emitting Materials and Technology of the Ministry of Education, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, China.
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14
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Bi F, Zhang J, Xie R, Yu D, Wei H, Wang Y, Hua Z, Qi X, Huang B, Yang G. Adenosine Triphosphate-Responsive Glyconanorods through Self-Assembly of β-Cyclodextrin-Based Glycoconjugates for Targeted and Effective Bacterial Sensing and Killing. Biomacromolecules 2023; 24:1003-1013. [PMID: 36651863 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.2c01440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Polymer-based nanomaterials have exhibited promising alternative avenues to combat the globe challenge of multidrug-resistant bacterial infection. However, most of the reported polymeric nanomaterials have facially linear amphiphilic structures with positive net charges, which may lead to nonspecific binding, high hemolysis, and uncontrollable self-organization, limiting their practical applications. In this contribution, we report a one-dimensional glyconanorod (GNR) through self-assembly of well-defined β-cyclodextrin-based glycoconjugates (RMan) featuring hydrophobic carbon-based chains and amide rhodamines with an adenosine triphosphate (ATP)-recognition site and targeted and hydrophilic mannoses and positively net-charged ethylene amine groups. The GNRs show superior targeting sensing and killing for Gram-negative Escherichia coli (E. coli) dominantly through the multivalent recognition between mannoses on the nanorod and the lectin on the surface of E. coli. Moreover, red fluorescence was light on due to the hydrogen bonding between amide rhodamine and ATP. Benefiting from the designs, the GNRs are capable of possessing a higher therapeutic index and of encapsulating other antibiotics. They exhibit an enhanced effect against E. coli strains. Intriguingly, the GNRs displayed a more reduced hemolysis effect and lower cytotoxicity compared to that of ethylene glyco-modified nanorods. These results reveal that the glyconanomaterials not only feature superior and targeted bacterial sensing and antibacterial activity, but also better biocompatibility compared with the widely used PEG-covered nanomaterials. Furthermore, the in vivo studies demonstrate that the targeted and ATP-responsive GNRs complexed with antibiotics showed better treatment using a mouse model of abdominal sepsis following intraperitoneal E. coli infection. The present work describes a targeted and effective sensing and antibacterial platform based on glycoconjugates that have potential applications for the treatment of infections caused by pathogenic microorganisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feihu Bi
- Biomass Molecular Engineering Center and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui 230036, China
| | - Jin Zhang
- Department of Nephropathy, The First Affiliated Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230022, China
| | - Rui Xie
- Department of Plant Pathology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui 230036, China
| | - Deshui Yu
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Pest Control, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui 230036, China
| | - Hanchen Wei
- Biomass Molecular Engineering Center and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui 230036, China
| | - Yulong Wang
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Pest Control, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui 230036, China
| | - Zan Hua
- Biomass Molecular Engineering Center and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui 230036, China
| | - Xiangming Qi
- Department of Nephropathy, The First Affiliated Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230022, China
| | - Bo Huang
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Pest Control, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui 230036, China
| | - Guang Yang
- Biomass Molecular Engineering Center and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui 230036, China.,Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Pest Control, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui 230036, China
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15
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Exploring Possible Ways to Enhance the Potential and Use of Natural Products through Nanotechnology in the Battle against Biofilms of Foodborne Bacterial Pathogens. Pathogens 2023; 12:pathogens12020270. [PMID: 36839543 PMCID: PMC9967150 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens12020270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Revised: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Biofilms enable pathogenic bacteria to survive in unfavorable environments. As biofilm-forming pathogens can cause rapid food spoilage and recurrent infections in humans, especially their presence in the food industry is problematic. Using chemical disinfectants in the food industry to prevent biofilm formation raises serious health concerns. Further, the ability of biofilm-forming bacterial pathogens to tolerate disinfection procedures questions the traditional treatment methods. Thus, there is a dire need for alternative treatment options targeting bacterial pathogens, especially biofilms. As clean-label products without carcinogenic and hazardous potential, natural compounds with growth and biofilm-inhibiting and biofilm-eradicating potentials have gained popularity as natural preservatives in the food industry. However, the use of these natural preservatives in the food industry is restricted by their poor availability, stability during food processing and storage. Also there is a lack of standardization, and unattractive organoleptic qualities. Nanotechnology is one way to get around these limitations and as well as the use of underutilized bioactives. The use of nanotechnology has several advantages including traversing the biofilm matrix, targeted drug delivery, controlled release, and enhanced bioavailability, bioactivity, and stability. The nanoparticles used in fabricating or encapsulating natural products are considered as an appealing antibiofilm strategy since the nanoparticles enhance the activity of the natural products against biofilms of foodborne bacterial pathogens. Hence, this literature review is intended to provide a comprehensive analysis of the current methods in nanotechnology used for natural products delivery (biofabrication, encapsulation, and nanoemulsion) and also discuss the different promising strategies employed in the recent and past to enhance the inhibition and eradication of foodborne bacterial biofilms.
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16
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Sousa A, Phung AN, Škalko-Basnet N, Obuobi S. Smart delivery systems for microbial biofilm therapy: Dissecting design, drug release and toxicological features. J Control Release 2023; 354:394-416. [PMID: 36638844 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2023.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Revised: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/02/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Bacterial biofilms are highly protected surface attached communities of bacteria that typically cause chronic infections. To address their recalcitrance to antibiotics and minimise side effects of current therapies, smart drug carriers are being explored as promising platforms for antimicrobials. Herein, we briefly summarize recent efforts and considerations that have been applied in the design of these smart carriers. We guide readers on a journey on how they can leverage the inherent biofilm microenvironment, external stimuli, or combine both types of stimuli in a predictable manner. The specific carrier features that are responsible for their 'on-demand' properties are detailed and their impact on antibiofilm property are further discussed. Moreover, an analysis on the impact of such features on drug release profiles is provided. Since nanotechnology represents a significant slice of the drug delivery pie, some insights on the potential toxicity are also depicted. We hope that this review inspires researchers to use their knowledge and creativity to design responsive systems that can eradicate biofilm infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Sousa
- Drug Transport and Delivery Research Group, Department of Pharmacy, UIT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - A Ngoc Phung
- Drug Transport and Delivery Research Group, Department of Pharmacy, UIT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - N Škalko-Basnet
- Drug Transport and Delivery Research Group, Department of Pharmacy, UIT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - S Obuobi
- Drug Transport and Delivery Research Group, Department of Pharmacy, UIT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway.
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17
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Zhuang J, Yu Y, Lu R. Mesoporous silica nanoparticles as carrier to overcome bacterial drug resistant barriers. Int J Pharm 2023; 631:122529. [PMID: 36563796 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2022.122529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Revised: 11/27/2022] [Accepted: 12/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Antibiotic resistance has become a global threat to health due to abuse of antibiotics. Lots of existing antibiotics have lost their effect on drug resistant bacteria. Moreover, the discovery of novel antibiotics becomes more and more difficult. It is necessary to develop new strategies to fight against antibiotic resistance. Nano-drug delivery systems endow old antibiotics with new vitality to defeat the antibiotic resistant barrier by protecting antibiotics against hydrolysis, increasing uptake and circumventing efflux pump. Among them, mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) are one of the most extensively investigated as carrier of antibiotics due to large drug loading capability, tunable physicochemical characteristics, and biocompatibility. MSNs can improve the delivery of antibiotics to bacteria greatly by reducing size, modifying surface, and regulating shapes. Furthermore, MSNs hybridized metal ions or metal nanoparticles exert stronger antibacterial effect by controlling the release of metal ions or increasing active oxygen species. In addition, metal capped MSNs are also able to load antibiotics to exert synergistic antibacterial effect. This paper firstly reviewed the current application of various nanomaterials as antibacterial agents, and then focused on the MSNs including the introduction of MSNs and various approaches for improving antibacterial effect of MSNs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Zhuang
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai 201318, China.
| | - Yiming Yu
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai 201318, China
| | - Rui Lu
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai 201318, China
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18
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He Y, Liu K, Guo S, Chang R, Zhang C, Guan F, Yao M. Multifunctional hydrogel with reactive oxygen species scavenging and photothermal antibacterial activity accelerates infected diabetic wound healing. Acta Biomater 2023; 155:199-217. [PMID: 36402298 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2022.11.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2022] [Revised: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Management of diabetic wound has long been a clinical challenge due to pathological microenvironment of excessive inflammation, persistent hyperglycemia, and biofilm infection caused by overdue reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and defective blood vessels. Herein, a multifunctional hydrogel with ROS scavenging and photothermal antibacterial activity based on oxidized dextran (Odex), gallic acid-grafted gelatin (GAG) and Ferric ion, named OGF, was developed for treatment of infected wound in a diabetic mouse. This hydrogel was double-crosslinked by the dynamically Schiff-base bonds formed between aldehyde groups in Odex and amino groups in GAG and the metal coordination bonds formed between Ferric ion and polyphenol groups or carboxyl groups in GAG, which endowed the resulted OGF hydrogel with well injectable, self-healing and adhesive properties. Due to the high-efficiency photothermal effect of Ferric ion/polyphenol chelate, this hydrogel killed Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli rapidly and completely within 3.5 min under near-infrared light radiation. Furthermore, this composed hydrogel presented good antioxidation, hemostasis and biocompatibility. It also remarkably accelerated the complete re‑epithelialization of Staphylococcus aureus‑infected wound in diabetic mice within 18 days by eliminating infection, mitigating oxidative stress and inflammation, and facilitating angiogenesis. Therefore, the proposed multifunctional hydrogel exerts a great potential for translation in the clinical management of diabetic wounds. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: High reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels and vascular defects in diabetic wounds can lead to excessive inflammation, persistent hyperglycemia, biofilm infection and other pathological microenvironments, which can further develop to the chronic wounds. In this study, we designed a multifunctional hydrogel with ROS-scavenging ability and photothermal antibacterial activity for the treatment of infected diabetic wound. As expected, this multifunctional hydrogel dressing highly accelerated the complete re‑epithelialization of Staphylococcus aureus‑infected wound in diabetic mouse by eliminating infection, mitigating oxidative stress and inflammation, as well as facilitating angiogenesis. This work provides a promising therapeutic strategy for infected diabetic wound by inhibition of oxidative stress and biofilm infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanmeng He
- School of Life Science, Zhengzhou University, 100 Science Road, Zhengzhou 450001, PR China
| | - Kaiyue Liu
- School of Life Science, Zhengzhou University, 100 Science Road, Zhengzhou 450001, PR China
| | - Shen Guo
- School of Life Science, Zhengzhou University, 100 Science Road, Zhengzhou 450001, PR China
| | - Rong Chang
- School of Life Science, Zhengzhou University, 100 Science Road, Zhengzhou 450001, PR China
| | - Chen Zhang
- School of Life Science, Zhengzhou University, 100 Science Road, Zhengzhou 450001, PR China
| | - Fangxia Guan
- School of Life Science, Zhengzhou University, 100 Science Road, Zhengzhou 450001, PR China.
| | - Minghao Yao
- School of Life Science, Zhengzhou University, 100 Science Road, Zhengzhou 450001, PR China.
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19
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Yu L, Sun Y, Niu Y, Zhang P, Hu J, Chen Z, Zhang G, Xu Y. Microenvironment-Adaptive Nanozyme for Accelerating Drug-Resistant Bacteria-Infected Wound Healing. Adv Healthc Mater 2022; 12:e2202596. [PMID: 36579570 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202202596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are favorable for antibacterial infection but their overproduction results in serious inflammatory response and aggravates the hypoxic state of the wound tissue, which is detrimental to healing stages of proliferation and remodeling. Here, an atomic-dispersion Fe-doped oxygen-deficient molybdenum oxide MoO3- X (ADFM) bifunctional nanozyme, featuring implanted peroxidase-like and enhanced catalase-like activity, is developed for decomposing H2 O2 into strongly oxidizing hydroxyl radicals (•OH) for prevention of bacterial infection and into plentiful O2 for healing stages. Therein, the introduction of Fe into MoO3- X primarily produces an asymmetric electron density difference by elongating the bond length between metal atoms, synchronously stabilizing adsorption of •OH and weakening the adsorption of O2 . ADFM also shows unimaginably high aqueous dispersity and pH-adaptive ROS regulation in the wound microenvironment, both of which are favorable for ADFM to fully exert enzyme-like activity for timely antibacterial and efficient wound-healing action. ADFM thus achieves efficient healing of drug-resistant bacteria-infected wounds in vivo, at an ultralow dosage of 30 µg mL-1 against 106 CFU mL-1 extended spectrum β-lactamases-producing Escherichia coli, exhibiting a wound-healing efficiency of ≈10 mm2 per day, which sets a benchmark among these noble-metal-free nanozyme-based wound-healing agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Yu
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, College of Life Science, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, P. R. China
| | - Yiping Sun
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, College of Life Science, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, P. R. China
| | - Yusheng Niu
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, College of Life Science, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, P. R. China
| | - Pengfei Zhang
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, College of Life Science, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, P. R. China
| | - Jun Hu
- School of Chemical Engineering, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710069, P. R. China
| | - Zhong Chen
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Gong Zhang
- Center for Water and Ecology, State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China
| | - Yuanhong Xu
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, College of Life Science, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, P. R. China
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20
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Hou Z, Yang M, Huang L, Xin S, Yang H, Hou J. Polydopamine-based nanospheres as nanoplatforms to kill Staphylococcus aureus and to promote wound healing by photothermal therapy. Front Chem 2022; 10:1111701. [PMID: 36618860 PMCID: PMC9817027 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2022.1111701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Bacterial infections have always been a threat when it comes to public health accounting for increased morbidity and mortality rates around the world. For the first time, Polydopamine is often used as an ocular surface drug delivery medium to treat some ocular surface diseases based on its good tissue affinity. Mesoporous polydopamine nanospheres (MPDA NPs) under photothermal therapy (PTT) are demonstrated as efficient therapeutic nanoplatforms for Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) infection and wound healing. MPDA NPs were found to exhibit excellent photothermal performance, significantly causing an increase in temperature within a short period of NIR-I exposure (808 nm, 1 W cm-2, 6 min). The MPDA NPs under the NIR irradiation remarkably eliminated S. aureus in vitro. Moreover, these synergistic effects turnouts to be phenomenal in vivo, effectively killing and healing S. aureus-infected abscesses in mice. These revealed the combined effect of the intrinsic antibacterial activity of MPDA NPs enhanced upon NIR-I exposure. Hence, MPDA NPs under NIR-I could prove excellent therapeutic nanoplatforms for bacteria-related infections and other biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhidian Hou
- Department of hand and foot surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Min Yang
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Ling Huang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shandong Provincial Hospital affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Songlin Xin
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shandong Provincial Hospital affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Huiming Yang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Jiangping Hou
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shandong Provincial Hospital affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China,*Correspondence: Jiangping Hou,
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21
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Hybrid Ultrasound-Activated Nanoparticles Based on Graphene Quantum Dots for Cancer Treatment. Int J Pharm 2022; 629:122373. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2022.122373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Revised: 10/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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22
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Dai Y, Mei J, Li Z, Kong L, Zhu W, Li Q, Wu K, Huang Y, Shang X, Zhu C. Acidity-Activatable Nanoparticles with Glucose Oxidase-Enhanced Photoacoustic Imaging and Photothermal Effect, and Macrophage-Related Immunomodulation for Synergistic Treatment of Biofilm Infection. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2022; 18:e2204377. [PMID: 36216771 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202204377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Revised: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The pH-responsive theragnostics exhibit great potential for precision diagnosis and treatment of diseases. Herein, acidity-activatable nanoparticles of GB@P based on glucose oxidase (GO) and polyaniline are developed for treatment of biofilm infection. Catalyzed by GO, GB@P triggers the conversion of glucose into gluconic acid and hydrogen peroxide (H2 O2 ), enabling an acidic microenvironment-activated simultaneously enhanced photothermal (PT) effect/amplified photoacoustic imaging (PAI). The synergistic effects of the enhanced PT efficacy of GB@P and H2 O2 accelerate biofilm eradication because the penetration of H2 O2 into biofilm improves the bacterial sensitivity to heat, and the enhanced PT effect destroys the expressions of extracellular DNA and genomic DNA, resulting in biofilm destruction and bacterial death. Importantly, GB@P facilitates the polarization of proinflammatory M1 macrophages that initiates macrophage-related immunity, which enhances the phagocytosis of macrophages and secretion of proinflammatory cytokines, leading to a sustained bactericidal effect and biofilm eradication by the innate immunomodulatory effect. Accordingly, the nanoplatform of GB@P exhibits the synergistic effects on the biofilm eradication and bacterial residuals clearance through a combination of the enhanced PT effect with immunomodulation. This study provides a promising nanoplatform with enhanced PT efficacy and amplified PAI for diagnosis and treatment of biofilm infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Dai
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230001, China
| | - Jiawei Mei
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230001, China
| | - Zhe Li
- Department of Ultrasound, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230036, China
| | - Lingtong Kong
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230001, China
| | - Wanbo Zhu
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230001, China
| | - Qianming Li
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230001, China
| | - Kerong Wu
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230001, China
| | - Yan Huang
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230001, China
| | - Xifu Shang
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230001, China
| | - Chen Zhu
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230001, China
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23
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Doolan JA, Williams GT, Hilton KLF, Chaudhari R, Fossey JS, Goult BT, Hiscock JR. Advancements in antimicrobial nanoscale materials and self-assembling systems. Chem Soc Rev 2022; 51:8696-8755. [PMID: 36190355 PMCID: PMC9575517 DOI: 10.1039/d1cs00915j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Antimicrobial resistance is directly responsible for more deaths per year than either HIV/AIDS or malaria and is predicted to incur a cumulative societal financial burden of at least $100 trillion between 2014 and 2050. Already heralded as one of the greatest threats to human health, the onset of the coronavirus pandemic has accelerated the prevalence of antimicrobial resistant bacterial infections due to factors including increased global antibiotic/antimicrobial use. Thus an urgent need for novel therapeutics to combat what some have termed the 'silent pandemic' is evident. This review acts as a repository of research and an overview of the novel therapeutic strategies being developed to overcome antimicrobial resistance, with a focus on self-assembling systems and nanoscale materials. The fundamental mechanisms of action, as well as the key advantages and disadvantages of each system are discussed, and attention is drawn to key examples within each field. As a result, this review provides a guide to the further design and development of antimicrobial systems, and outlines the interdisciplinary techniques required to translate this fundamental research towards the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jack A Doolan
- School of Chemistry and Forensic Science, University of Kent, Canterbury, Kent CT2 7NH, UK.
- School of Biosciences, University of Kent, Canterbury, Kent CT2 7NJ, UK.
| | - George T Williams
- School of Chemistry, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK.
| | - Kira L F Hilton
- School of Chemistry and Forensic Science, University of Kent, Canterbury, Kent CT2 7NH, UK.
| | - Rajas Chaudhari
- School of Chemistry and Forensic Science, University of Kent, Canterbury, Kent CT2 7NH, UK.
| | - John S Fossey
- School of Chemistry, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK.
| | - Benjamin T Goult
- School of Biosciences, University of Kent, Canterbury, Kent CT2 7NJ, UK.
| | - Jennifer R Hiscock
- School of Chemistry and Forensic Science, University of Kent, Canterbury, Kent CT2 7NH, UK.
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24
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Xu PY, Kankala RK, Li YW, Wang SB, Chen AZ. Synergistic chemo-/photothermal therapy based on supercritical technology-assisted chitosan-indocyanine green/luteolin nanocomposites for wound healing. Regen Biomater 2022; 9:rbac072. [PMID: 36246765 PMCID: PMC9555995 DOI: 10.1093/rb/rbac072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Revised: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite the success, it is highly challenging to battle against pathogenic biofilms-based chronic bacterial infections by conventional antibiotic therapy. Herein, we report a near-infrared (NIR)/acid-induced nanoplatform based on chitosan (CS)-coated indocyanine green (ICG, photosensitizer)/luteolin (LUT, a natural quorum sensing inhibitor) nanocomposites (ICG/LUT-CS) as antibacterial and antibiofilm agents for skin wound healing. Initially, the ICG/LUT nanoplatforms are prepared by the supercritical antisolvent technology and coated with the CS layer. The obtained ICG/LUT-CS with ultra-high encapsulation efficiency exhibited more favorable photothermal conversion effects and improved NIR laser/acid dual-induced drug release behavior than individual modalities, achieving exceptional bacteria-killing and biofilm elimination effects. Moreover, the ICG/LUT-CS realized the synergetic effects of chemotherapy and photothermal therapy outcomes for wound healing. Together, our findings provided an appealing strategy for the rapid preparation and future translational application of ICG/LUT-CS as an ideal agent for fighting against biofilm infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei-Yao Xu
- Institute of Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen, Fujian 361021, PR China
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Biochemical Technology (Huaqiao University), Xiamen, Fujian 361021, PR China
| | - Ranjith Kumar Kankala
- Institute of Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen, Fujian 361021, PR China
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Biochemical Technology (Huaqiao University), Xiamen, Fujian 361021, PR China
| | - Yue-Wei Li
- Institute of Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen, Fujian 361021, PR China
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Biochemical Technology (Huaqiao University), Xiamen, Fujian 361021, PR China
| | - Shi-Bin Wang
- Institute of Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen, Fujian 361021, PR China
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Biochemical Technology (Huaqiao University), Xiamen, Fujian 361021, PR China
| | - Ai-Zheng Chen
- Institute of Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen, Fujian 361021, PR China
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Biochemical Technology (Huaqiao University), Xiamen, Fujian 361021, PR China
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25
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Yuan Z, Gottsacker C, He X, Waterkotte T, Park YC. Repetitive drug delivery using Light-Activated liposomes for potential antimicrobial therapies. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2022; 187:114395. [DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2022.114395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Revised: 05/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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26
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Liao J, Li Y, Luo Y, Meng S, Zhang C, Xiong L, Wang T, Lu Y. Recent Advances in Targeted Nanotherapies for Ischemic Stroke. Mol Pharm 2022; 19:3026-3041. [PMID: 35905397 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.2c00383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Ischemic stroke (IS) is a severe neurological disease caused by the narrowing or occlusion of cerebral blood vessels and is known for high morbidity, disability, and mortality rates. Clinically available treatments of stroke include the surgical removal of the thrombus and thrombolysis with tissue fibrinogen activator. Pharmaceuticals targeting IS are uncommon, and the development of new therapies is hindered by the low bioavailability and stability of many drugs. Nanomedicine provides new opportunities for the development of novel neuroprotective and thrombolytic strategies for the diagnosis and treatment of IS. Numerous nanotherapeutics with different physicochemical properties are currently being developed to facilitate drug delivery by accumulation and controlled release and to improve their restorative properties. In this review, we discuss recent developments in IS therapy, including assisted drug delivery and targeting, neuroprotection through regulation of the neuron environment, and sources of endogenous biomimetic specific targeting. In addition, we discuss the role and neurotoxic effects of inorganic metal nanoparticles in IS therapy. This study provides a theoretical basis for the utilization of nano-IS therapies that may contribute to the development of new strategies for a range of embolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Liao
- School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Yi Li
- School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Yunchun Luo
- School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Sha Meng
- School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Chuan Zhang
- School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Liyan Xiong
- School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Tingfang Wang
- School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Ying Lu
- School of Pharmacy, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
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27
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Dayyih A, Gutberlet B, Preis E, Engelhardt KH, Amin MU, Abdelsalam AM, Bonsu M, Bakowsky U. Thermoresponsive Liposomes for Photo-Triggered Release of Hypericin Cyclodextrin Inclusion Complex for Efficient Antimicrobial Photodynamic Therapy. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:31525-31540. [PMID: 35790214 PMCID: PMC9307054 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c02741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Antimicrobial strategies with high efficacy against bacterial infections are urgently needed. The development of effective therapies to control bacterial infections is still a challenge. Herein, near-infrared (NIR)-activated thermosensitive liposomes (TSL) were loaded with the NIR-dye 1,1-dioctadecyl-3,3,3,3-tetramethylindotricarbocyanine iodide (DiR) and the water-soluble hypericin (Hyp) β-cyclodextrin inclusion complex (Hyp-βCD). DiR and Hyp-βCD loaded thermosensitive liposomes (DHβCD-TSL) are functionalized for photothermal triggered release and synergistic photodynamic therapy to eliminate the gram-positive Staphylococcus saprophyticus. The dually active liposomes allow the production of heat and singlet oxygen species with the help of DiR and Hyp, respectively. The elevated temperature, generated by the NIR irradiation, irreversibly damages the bacterial membrane, increases the permeation, and melts the liposomes via a phase-transition mechanism, which allows the release of the Hyp-βCD complex. The photodynamic effect of Hyp-βCD eradicates the bacterial cells owing to its toxic oxygen species production. DHβCD-TSL measured the size of 130 nm with an adequate encapsulation efficiency of 81.3% of Hyp-βCD. They exhibited a phase transition temperature of 42.3 °C, while they remained stable at 37 °C, and 44% of Hyp-βCD was released after NIR irradiation (T > 47 °C). The bacterial viability dropped significantly after the synergistic treatment (>4 log10), indicating that the NIR-activated TSL have immense therapeutic potential to enhance the antibacterial efficacy. The liposomes showed good biocompatibility, which was confirmed by the cellular viability of mouse fibroblasts (L929).
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice
Abu Dayyih
- Department
of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics, University
of Marburg, Robert-Koch-Str. 4, 35037 Marburg, Germany
| | - Bernd Gutberlet
- Department
of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics, University
of Marburg, Robert-Koch-Str. 4, 35037 Marburg, Germany
| | - Eduard Preis
- Department
of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics, University
of Marburg, Robert-Koch-Str. 4, 35037 Marburg, Germany
| | - Konrad H. Engelhardt
- Department
of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics, University
of Marburg, Robert-Koch-Str. 4, 35037 Marburg, Germany
| | - Muhammad Umair Amin
- Department
of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics, University
of Marburg, Robert-Koch-Str. 4, 35037 Marburg, Germany
| | - Ahmed M. Abdelsalam
- Department
of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics, University
of Marburg, Robert-Koch-Str. 4, 35037 Marburg, Germany
- Department
of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Assiut 71524, Egypt
| | - Martina Bonsu
- Department
of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics, University
of Marburg, Robert-Koch-Str. 4, 35037 Marburg, Germany
| | - Udo Bakowsky
- Department
of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics, University
of Marburg, Robert-Koch-Str. 4, 35037 Marburg, Germany
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28
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Sun J, Zheng Y, Tian D, Li D, Liu Z, Zhang X, Wu Z. A cell membrane repair protein-based nanoformulation with multiple actuators for scarless wound healing. J Mater Chem B 2022; 10:5733-5742. [PMID: 35822923 DOI: 10.1039/d2tb00992g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Diabetic wounds remain a major contributor to disability worldwide due to their difficulty of healing, and their primary etiologic factor involves impaired cell membrane repair. Additionally, ideal wound repair should prevent excessive scar formation from affecting tissue function following reconstruction. Therefore, the development of a therapeutic strategy for promoting rapid wound healing and reduced scar formation is urgently needed. In this study, a remote light-controlled thermosensitive nanoformulation was developed, which integrated the photothermal conversion performance of a photosensitizer and cell membrane repair protein (rhMG53). The nanoformulation not only protected rhMG53 from being degraded by proteases at the lesion site but also efficiently released this protein through photothermal stimulation. The nanoformulation remained stable at physiological temperatures and released approximately 80% rhMG53 at 45 °C. More protein was effectively delivered to tissue cells, achieving synergistic therapy with photothermal and rhMG53. By utilizing this approach, increased wound closure rate, reduced extent of cell membrane damage and inflammation, and improved cell function were observed in diabetic wounds. More importantly, rhMG53@TSCL3 treatment inhibited excessive skin fibrosis and angiogenesis, indicating a reduction in scar formation. Collectively, this work reveals a promising strategy for high-quality wound repair and provides a new route for rapid scarless wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Sun
- NHC Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital & Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300134, China.
| | - Yin Zheng
- NHC Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital & Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300134, China.
| | - Dingyuan Tian
- NHC Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital & Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300134, China.
| | - Dan Li
- NHC Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital & Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300134, China.
| | - Zijun Liu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital & Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300134, China.
| | - Xinge Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials of Ministry of Education, Institute of Polymer Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China.
| | - Zhongming Wu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital & Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300134, China. .,Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China
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29
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Zhang Y, Lin S, Fu J, Zhang W, Shu G, Lin J, Li H, Xu F, Tang H, Peng G, Zhao L, Chen S, Fu H. Nanocarriers for combating biofilms: advantages and challenges. J Appl Microbiol 2022; 133:1273-1287. [PMID: 35621701 DOI: 10.1111/jam.15640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2021] [Revised: 03/08/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Bacterial biofilms are highly resistant to antibiotics and pose a great threat to human and animal health. The control and removal of bacterial biofilms have become an important topic in the field of bacterial infectious diseases. Nanocarriers show great anti-biofilm potential because of their small particle size and strong permeability. In this review, the advantages of nanocarriers for combating biofilms are analyzed. Nanocarriers can act on all stages of bacterial biofilm formation and diffusion. They can improve the scavenging effect of biofilm by targeting biofilm, destroying extracellular polymeric substances, and enhancing the biofilm permeability of antimicrobial substances. Nanocarriers can also improve the antibacterial ability of antimicrobial drugs against bacteria in biofilm by protecting the loaded drugs and controlling the release of antimicrobial substances. Additionally, we emphasize the challenges faced in using nanocarrier formulations and translating them from a preclinical level to the clinical setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuning Zhang
- Innovative Engineering Research Center of Veterinary Pharmaceutics, Department of Pharmacy, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, China
| | - Shiyu Lin
- Innovative Engineering Research Center of Veterinary Pharmaceutics, Department of Pharmacy, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, China
| | - Jingyuan Fu
- Innovative Engineering Research Center of Veterinary Pharmaceutics, Department of Pharmacy, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Innovative Engineering Research Center of Veterinary Pharmaceutics, Department of Pharmacy, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, China
| | - Gang Shu
- Innovative Engineering Research Center of Veterinary Pharmaceutics, Department of Pharmacy, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, China
| | - Juchun Lin
- Innovative Engineering Research Center of Veterinary Pharmaceutics, Department of Pharmacy, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, China
| | - Haohuan Li
- Innovative Engineering Research Center of Veterinary Pharmaceutics, Department of Pharmacy, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, China
| | - Funeng Xu
- Innovative Engineering Research Center of Veterinary Pharmaceutics, Department of Pharmacy, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, China
| | - Huaqiao Tang
- Innovative Engineering Research Center of Veterinary Pharmaceutics, Department of Pharmacy, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, China
| | - Guangneng Peng
- Innovative Engineering Research Center of Veterinary Pharmaceutics, Department of Pharmacy, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, China
| | - Ling Zhao
- Innovative Engineering Research Center of Veterinary Pharmaceutics, Department of Pharmacy, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, China
| | - Shiqi Chen
- Innovative Engineering Research Center of Veterinary Pharmaceutics, Department of Pharmacy, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, China
| | - Hualin Fu
- Innovative Engineering Research Center of Veterinary Pharmaceutics, Department of Pharmacy, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, China
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30
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Yuan Z, Das S, Do C, Park YC. Effect of Cholesterol on Nano-Structural Alteration of Light-Activatable Liposomes via Laser Irradiation: Small Angle Neutron Scattering Study. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2022; 641. [PMID: 35295084 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2022.128548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Although the light-activated liposomes have been extensively studied for drug delivery applications, the fundamental mechanism of the drug release based on lipid compositions has not been fully understood. Especially, despite the extensive use of cholesterol in the lipid composition, the role of cholesterol in the light-activated drug release has not been studied. In this study, the influence of cholesterol on drug release from light-responsive drug-encapsulated liposomes after activated by near infrared (NIR) laser was investigated. We prepared methotrexate (MTX)-encapsulated DSPC liposomes consisting of 0 mol% (-Chol) or 35 mol% cholesterol (+Chol), with (+Au) or without gold nanorods (-Au) on the lipid bilayer to compare drug release, morphological changes, and nanostructures after laser irradiations. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and small angel neutron scattering (SANS) data revealed that only +Chol +Au liposomes showed partial aggregation of the liposomes after laser irradiation. Similar trends on the drug release and structural change were observed when the liposomes were heated to above chain-transition temperature. Overall, we have found that (1) inclusion of 35 mol% cholesterol enhanced the permeability of lipid bilayers above Tc; (2) the mechanism of laser-activated liposomal drug delivery is disrupting lipid bilayer membranes by the photothermal effect in the presence of plasmonic materials. By understanding the fundamentals of the technology, precise controlled drug release at a targeted site with great stability and repeatability is anticipated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Yuan
- Department of Chemical & Environmental Engineering, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45220
| | - Saikat Das
- Department of Chemical & Environmental Engineering, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45220
| | - Changwoo Do
- Neutron Scattering Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831
| | - Yoonjee C Park
- Department of Chemical & Environmental Engineering, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45220
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31
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Nguyen VN, Zhao Z, Tang BZ, Yoon J. Organic photosensitizers for antimicrobial phototherapy. Chem Soc Rev 2022; 51:3324-3340. [PMID: 35373787 DOI: 10.1039/d1cs00647a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 52.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Microbial infectious diseases, especially those caused by new and antibiotic-resistant pathogenic microbes, have become a significant threat to global human health. As an antibiotic-free therapy, phototherapy is a promising approach to treat microbial infections due to its spatiotemporal selectivity, non-invasiveness, minimal side effects, and broad antimicrobial spectrum. Although organic photosensitizer-based antimicrobial phototherapy has been extensively studied over the last decade, there has been no specific review article on this topic yet. It is important and timely to summarize recent research progress in this field. This tutorial review highlights the concept and significance of phototherapy and summarizes innovative types of organic photosensitizers with design strategies to deal with microbial infections. In addition, examples of organic antimicrobial photosensitizers, including antibacterial photosensitizers, antiviral photosensitizers, and antifungal photosensitizers are discussed. Finally, current challenges and future directions of organic photosensitizer-based phototherapy for clinical antimicrobial applications are presented. We believe that this tutorial review will provide general guidance for the future development of efficient photosensitizers and encourage preclinical and clinical studies for phototherapy-mediated antimicrobial treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Van-Nghia Nguyen
- Department of Chemistry and Nanoscience, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea.
| | - Zheng Zhao
- School of Science and Engineering, Shenzhen Institute of Aggregate Science and Technology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518172, China.
| | - Ben Zhong Tang
- School of Science and Engineering, Shenzhen Institute of Aggregate Science and Technology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518172, China.
| | - Juyoung Yoon
- Department of Chemistry and Nanoscience, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea.
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He Y, Pang J, Yang Z, Zheng M, Yu Y, Liu Z, Zhao B, Hu G, Yin R. Toluidine blue O-induced photoinactivation inhibit the biofilm formation of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2022; 39:102902. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2022.102902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Revised: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Huang Y, Zou L, Wang J, Jin Q, Ji J. Stimuli-responsive nanoplatforms for antibacterial applications. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS. NANOMEDICINE AND NANOBIOTECHNOLOGY 2022; 14:e1775. [PMID: 35142071 DOI: 10.1002/wnan.1775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Revised: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The continuously increasing bacterial resistance has become a big threat to public health worldwide, which makes it urgent to develop innovative antibacterial strategies. Nanotechnology-based drug delivery systems are considered as promising strategies in combating bacterial infections which are expected to improve the therapeutic efficacy and minimize the side effects. Unfortunately, the conventional nanodrug delivery systems always suffer from practical dilemmas, including incomplete and slow drug release, insufficient accumulation in infected sites, and weak biofilm penetration ability. Stimuli-responsive nanoplatforms are hence developed to overcome the disadvantages of conventional nanoparticles. In this review, we provide an extensive review of the recent progress of endogenous and exogenous stimuli-responsive nanoplatforms in the antibacterial area, including planktonic bacteria, intracellular bacteria, and bacterial biofilms. Taking advantage of the specific infected microenvironment (pH, enzyme, redox, and toxin), the mechanisms and strategies of the design of endogenous stimuli-responsive nanoplatforms are discussed, with an emphasis on how to improve the therapeutic efficacy and minimize side effects. How to realize controlled drug delivery using exogenous stimuli-responsive nanoplatforms especially light-responsive nanoparticles for improved antibacterial effects is another topic of this review. We especially highlight photothermal-triggered drug delivery systems by the combination of photothermal agents and thermo-responsive materials. This article is categorized under: Therapeutic Approaches and Drug Discovery > Nanomedicine for Infectious Disease Therapeutic Approaches and Drug Discovery > Emerging Technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Huang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecule Synthesis and Functionalization of Ministry of Education, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lingyun Zou
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecule Synthesis and Functionalization of Ministry of Education, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jing Wang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecule Synthesis and Functionalization of Ministry of Education, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qiao Jin
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecule Synthesis and Functionalization of Ministry of Education, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jian Ji
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecule Synthesis and Functionalization of Ministry of Education, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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Li Y, Han M, Cai Y, Jiang B, Zhang Y, Yuan B, Zhou F, Cao C. Muscle-inspired MXene/PVA hydrogel with high toughness and photothermal therapy for promoting bacteria-infected wound healing. Biomater Sci 2022; 10:1068-1082. [PMID: 35037673 DOI: 10.1039/d1bm01604k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The process of wound healing is often accompanied by bacterial infection, which is a serious threat to human health. The abuse of antibiotics in traditional therapy aggravates the resistance of bacteria and gradually reduces the therapeutic effect. Therefore, it is important to develop effective antibacterial dressings to promote wound healing and prevent infection. Photothermal therapy (PTT) is considered a quick and reliable method of suppressing bacterial infections without developing drug resistance. The unique network structure and high water retention of hydrogel help wound healing. Inspired by the hierarchical assembly of anisotropic structures across multiple length scales of muscles, herein a directional freezing-assisted salting-out method was used to prepare anisotropic MXene@PVA hydrogels. The hydrogel not only had excellent mechanical properties (stress up to 0.5 MPa and strain up to 800%), but could also be used for local hyperthermia of infected sites using an NIR laser (808 nm). Owing to the excellent photothermal properties of MXene, its main antibacterial mechanism is hyperthermia and the hydrogel showed broad-spectrum antibacterial activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria (inhibition rates of Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus were 98.3 and 95.5% respectively). In addition, it could effectively promote the proliferation of NIH-3T3 cells. In mouse wound models, the hydrogel was effective in inhibiting wound infection and promoting skin wound healing (the rate of wound closure was 98%). These results indicated that the MXene@PVA hydrogel, with high toughness and anisotropy properties, has the potential to be an excellent antibacterial wound healing dressing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Li
- Department of Food Quality and Safety/National R&D Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine Processing, College of Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China.
| | - Miaomiao Han
- Department of Food Quality and Safety/National R&D Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine Processing, College of Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China.
| | - Yue Cai
- Department of Food Quality and Safety/National R&D Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine Processing, College of Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China.
| | - Bing Jiang
- Department of Food Quality and Safety/National R&D Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine Processing, College of Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China.
| | - Yuanxin Zhang
- Department of Food Quality and Safety/National R&D Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine Processing, College of Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China.
| | - Biao Yuan
- Department of Food Quality and Safety/National R&D Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine Processing, College of Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China.
| | - Feng Zhou
- School of Food Science, NanJing XiaoZhuang University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Chongjiang Cao
- Department of Food Quality and Safety/National R&D Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine Processing, College of Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China.
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35
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Wu S, Liu X, Li Z, Lu Z, Jiang N, Yang H, Yao H. Te-Cefotaxime Nanocomposites with Restored Antibiotic Susceptibility and LED Light Activated Photothermal Effect for Rapid MRSA Eradication. J Mater Chem B 2022; 10:1571-1581. [DOI: 10.1039/d1tb02538d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The ever-growing antibiotic-resistant bacteria pose a huge threat to public health. Restoring the susceptibility of ineffective antibiotics by inorganic nanomaterials and combining of photothermal and antibiotic synergistic therapy could be...
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36
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Ni Z, Hu J, Zhu H, Shang Y, Chen D, Chen Y, Liu H. In situ formation of a near-infrared controlled dual-antibacterial platform. NEW J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d1nj05028a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
An in situ formed antibacterial platform was designed for near-infrared controlled pharmacotherapy and photothermal therapy of drug-resistant bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuoyao Ni
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials, School of Chemistry & Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Jiajie Hu
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials, School of Chemistry & Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Hui Zhu
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University, No. 800 Dongchuan Road, Minhang District, Shanghai 201100, China
| | - Yazhuo Shang
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials, School of Chemistry & Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Daijie Chen
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University, No. 800 Dongchuan Road, Minhang District, Shanghai 201100, China
| | | | - Honglai Liu
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials, School of Chemistry & Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
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Qiu Y, Yu S, Wang Y, Xiao L, Pei L, Pu Y, Zhang Y. Photothermal Therapy may be a Double-edge Sword by Inducing the Formation of Bacterial Antibiotic Tolerance. Biomater Sci 2022; 10:1995-2005. [PMID: 35266929 DOI: 10.1039/d1bm01740c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Photothermal nanoparticles are thought to be the most potential candidates against infectious disease, by disrupting cell membrane and inhibiting metabolism. However, subpopulation survived with this low-activity state may be endowed...
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Qiu
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China.
| | - Shimin Yu
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China.
| | - Yulan Wang
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China.
| | - Leyi Xiao
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China.
| | - Linsen Pei
- Medical Research Institute, School of Medicine, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Yingying Pu
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China.
- Medical Research Institute, School of Medicine, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China
- Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Yufeng Zhang
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China.
- Medical Research Institute, School of Medicine, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China
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38
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Wang DY, Su L, Yang G, Ren Y, Zhang M, Haoren J, Zhang X, Bayston R, Van der Mei HC, Busscher HJ, Shi L. Self-targeting of zwitterion-based platforms for nano-antimicrobials and nano-carriers. J Mater Chem B 2022; 10:2316-2322. [DOI: 10.1039/d1tb02647j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Self-targeting antimicrobial platforms have yielded new possibilities for the treatment of infectious biofilms. Self-targeting involves stealth transport through the blood circulation towards an infectious biofilm, where the antimicrobial platform penetrates...
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Tang H, Liu Y, Li B, Shang B, Yang J, Zhang C, Yang L, Chen K, Wang W, Liu J. Water-soluble PANI:PSS designed for spontaneous non-disruptive membrane penetration and direct intracellular photothermal damage on bacteria. Bioact Mater 2021; 6:4758-4771. [PMID: 34136724 PMCID: PMC8166762 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2021.05.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2021] [Revised: 05/12/2021] [Accepted: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The major challenge in the field of antibacterial agents is to overcome the low-permeability of bacteria cell membranes that protects the cells against diverse drugs. In this work, water-soluble polyaniline (PANI)-poly (p-styrenesulfonic acid) (PSS) (PANI:PSS) is found to spontaneously penetrate bacteria cellular membranes in a non-disruptive way, leaving no evidence of membrane poration/disturbance or cell death, thus avoiding side effects caused by cationic ammonia groups in traditional ammonia-containing antibacterial agents. For aqueous synthesis, which is important for biocompatibility, the polymer is synthesized via an enzyme-mimetic route relying on the catalysis of a nanozyme. Owing to its fluorescent properties, the localization of as-prepared PANI:PSS is determined by the confocal microscope, and the results confirm its rapid entry into bacteria. Under 808 nm near-infrared (NIR) irradiation, the internalized PANI:PSS generates local hyperthermia and destroys bacteria highly efficiently from inside the cells due to its excellent photothermal effects. Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), M ethicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and Escherichia coli (E. coli) could be effectively eliminated as well as the corresponding bacterial biofilms. Results of in vivo antibacterial experiments demonstrate excellent antibacterial activities of the water-soluble PANI:PSS without side effects. Therefore, the prepared water-soluble polymer in this study has great potential in the treatment of various bacterial infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huanfeng Tang
- Lab of Functional and Biomedical Nanomaterials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266042, China
| | - Yifan Liu
- Lab of Functional and Biomedical Nanomaterials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266042, China
| | - Bing Li
- Lab of Functional and Biomedical Nanomaterials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266042, China
- State Key Laboratory of Solid Lubrication, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, PR China
| | - Bo Shang
- Lab of Functional and Biomedical Nanomaterials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266042, China
| | - Jiacheng Yang
- Lab of Functional and Biomedical Nanomaterials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266042, China
| | - Congrou Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Radiopharmacokinetics for Innovative Drugs, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, And Institute of Radiation Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300192, PR China
| | - Lijun Yang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Radiopharmacokinetics for Innovative Drugs, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, And Institute of Radiation Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300192, PR China
| | - Kezheng Chen
- Lab of Functional and Biomedical Nanomaterials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266042, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Lab of Functional and Biomedical Nanomaterials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266042, China
| | - Jianfeng Liu
- Lab of Functional and Biomedical Nanomaterials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266042, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Radiopharmacokinetics for Innovative Drugs, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, And Institute of Radiation Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300192, PR China
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Xu S, Chang L, Hu Y, Zhao X, Huang S, Chen Z, Ren X, Mei X. Tea polyphenol modified, photothermal responsive and ROS generative black phosphorus quantum dots as nanoplatforms for promoting MRSA infected wounds healing in diabetic rats. J Nanobiotechnology 2021; 19:362. [PMID: 34758829 PMCID: PMC8579683 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-021-01106-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Healing of MRSA (methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus) infected deep burn wounds (MIDBW) in diabetic patients remains an obstacle but is a cutting-edge research problem in clinical science. Surgical debridement and continuous antibiotic use remain the primary clinical treatment for MIDBW. However, suboptimal pharmacokinetics and high doses of antibiotics often cause serious side effects such as fatal complications of drug-resistant bacterial infections. MRSA, which causes wound infection, is currently a bacterium of concern in diabetic wound healing. In more severe cases, it can even lead to amputation of the patient's limb. The development of bioactive nanomaterials that can promote infected wound healing is significant. RESULTS The present work proposed a strategy of using EGCG (Epigallocatechin gallate) modified black phosphorus quantum dots (BPQDs) as therapeutic nanoplatforms for MIDBW to achieve the synergistic functions of NIR (near-infrared)-response, ROS-generation, sterilization, and promoting wound healing. The electron spin resonance results revealed that EGCG-BPQDs@H had a more vital photocatalytic ability to produce singlet oxygen than BPQDs@H. The inhibition results indicated an effective bactericidal rate of 88.6% against MRSA. Molecular biology analysis demonstrated that EGCG-BPQDs significantly upregulated CD31 nearly fourfold and basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) nearly twofold, which were beneficial for promoting the proliferation of vascular endothelial cells and skin epidermal cells. Under NIR irradiation, EGCG-BPQDs hydrogel (EGCG-BPQDs@H) treated MIDBW area could rapidly raise temperature up to 55 °C for sterilization. The MIBDW closure rate of rats after 21 days of treatment was 92.4%, much better than that of 61.1% of the control group. The engineered EGCG-BPQDs@H were found to promote MIDBW healing by triggering the PI3K/AKT and ERK1/2 signaling pathways, which could enhance cell proliferation and differentiation. In addition, intravenous circulation experiment showed good biocompatibility of EGCG-BPQDs@H. No significant damage to major organs was observed in rats. CONCLUSIONS The obtained results demonstrated that EGCG-BPQDs@H achieved the synergistic functions of photocatalytic property, photothermal effects and promoted wound healing, and are promising multifunctional nanoplatforms for MIDBW healing in diabetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shibo Xu
- Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, 121001, Liaoning, China
| | - Linna Chang
- Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, 121001, Liaoning, China
| | - Yanan Hu
- Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, 121001, Liaoning, China
| | - Xingjun Zhao
- Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, 121001, Liaoning, China
| | - Shuocheng Huang
- Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, 121001, Liaoning, China
| | - Zhenhua Chen
- Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, 121001, Liaoning, China.
| | - Xiuli Ren
- Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, 121001, Liaoning, China.
| | - Xifan Mei
- Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, 121001, Liaoning, China.
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Wang F, Tan J, Zhang S, Zhou Y, He D, Deng L. Efficient Eradication of Bacterial Biofilms with Highly Specific Graphene-Based Nanocomposite Sheets. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2021; 7:5118-5128. [PMID: 34664941 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.1c00575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Bacterial biofilms are usually resistant to antibiotics, thus powerful methods are required for removal. Nanomaterial involving a combination of treatment modalities recently has been recognized as an effective alternative to combat biofilm. However, its targeted and controlled release in bacterial infection is still a major challenge. Here, we present an intelligent phototherapeutic nanoplatform consisting of an aptamer (Apt), indocyanine green (ICG), and carboxyl-functionalized graphene oxide (GO-COOH), namely, ICG@GO-Apt, for targeted treatment of the biofilm formed by Salmonella Typhimurium. Since Apt-conjugated nanosheets (NSs) can specifically accumulate near abscess caused by the pathogens, they enhance greatly the local drug molecule concentration and promote their precise delivery. They can simultaneously generate heat and reactive oxygen species under near-infrared irradiation for photothermal/photodynamic therapy, thereby significantly enhancing biofilm elimination. The phototherapeutic ICG@GO-Apt also displays a good biocompatibility. More importantly, the multifunction phototherapeutic platform shows an efficient biofilm elimination with an efficiency of greater than 99.99% in an abscess formation model. Therefore, ICG@GO-Apt NSs with bacteria-targeting capability provide a reliable tool for clinical bacterial infection that circumvents antibiotic resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feiying Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, Hunan, People's Republic of China.,Department of Respiratory Diseases, Medical School, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianxi Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, Hunan, People's Republic of China.,Changsha Customs Technology Center, Xiangfu middle Road 188, Changsha, Hunan 410004, People's Republic of China
| | - Shengnan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Dinggeng He
- State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Le Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, Hunan, People's Republic of China
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Tang Y, Wang T, Feng J, Rong F, Wang K, Li P, Huang W. Photoactivatable Nitric Oxide-Releasing Gold Nanocages for Enhanced Hyperthermia Treatment of Biofilm-Associated Infections. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:50668-50681. [PMID: 34669372 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c12483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
With the increasing clinical use of invasive medical devices, various healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) caused by bacterial biofilm colonization of biomedical devices have posed serious threats to patients. The formation of biofilms makes it much more difficult and costly to treat infections. Here, we report a nitric oxide (NO)-releasing gold nanocage (AuNC@NO) that is stimulated by near-infrared (NIR) irradiation to deliver NO and generate hyperthermia for biofilm elimination. AuNC@NO was prepared by immobilizing a temperature-responsive NO donor onto gold nanocages (AuNCs) through thiol-gold interactions. AuNC@NO possesses stable and excellent photothermal conversion efficiency, as well as the characteristics of slow NO release at physiological temperature and on-demand quick NO release under NIR irradiation. Based on these features, AuNC@NO exhibits enhanced in vitro bactericidal and antibiofilm efficacy compared with AuNCs, which could achieve 4 orders of magnitude bacterial reduction and 85.4% biofilm elimination under NIR irradiation. In addition, we constructed an implant biofilm infection model and a subcutaneous biofilm infection model to evaluate the anti-infective effect of AuNC@NO. The in vivo results indicated that after 5 min of 0.5 W cm-2 NIR irradiation, NO release from AuNC@NO was significantly accelerated, which induced the dispersal of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) biofilms and synergized with photothermal therapy (PTT) to kill planktonic MRSA that had lost its biofilm protection. Meanwhile, the surrounding tissues showed little damage because of controlled photothermal temperature and toxicity. In view of the above-mentioned results, the AuNC@NO nanocomposite developed in this work reveals potential application prospects as a useful antibiofilm agent in the field of biofilm-associated infection treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yizhang Tang
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics (FSCFE), Xi'an Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE) & Xi'an Institute of Biomedical Materials and Engineering (IBME), Northwestern Polytechnical University (NPU), 127 West Youyi Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710072, P. R. China
| | - Tengjiao Wang
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics (FSCFE), Xi'an Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE) & Xi'an Institute of Biomedical Materials and Engineering (IBME), Northwestern Polytechnical University (NPU), 127 West Youyi Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710072, P. R. China
| | - Jiahao Feng
- Queen Mary University of London Engineering School, Northwestern Polytechnical University (NPU), 127 West Youyi Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710072, P. R. China
| | - Fan Rong
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics (FSCFE), Xi'an Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE) & Xi'an Institute of Biomedical Materials and Engineering (IBME), Northwestern Polytechnical University (NPU), 127 West Youyi Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710072, P. R. China
| | - Kun Wang
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics (FSCFE), Xi'an Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE) & Xi'an Institute of Biomedical Materials and Engineering (IBME), Northwestern Polytechnical University (NPU), 127 West Youyi Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710072, P. R. China
| | - Peng Li
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics (FSCFE), Xi'an Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE) & Xi'an Institute of Biomedical Materials and Engineering (IBME), Northwestern Polytechnical University (NPU), 127 West Youyi Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710072, P. R. China
| | - Wei Huang
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics (FSCFE), Xi'an Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE) & Xi'an Institute of Biomedical Materials and Engineering (IBME), Northwestern Polytechnical University (NPU), 127 West Youyi Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710072, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, 9 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210023, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE), Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing 211816, P. R. China
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Thambirajoo M, Maarof M, Lokanathan Y, Katas H, Ghazalli NF, Tabata Y, Fauzi MB. Potential of Nanoparticles Integrated with Antibacterial Properties in Preventing Biofilm and Antibiotic Resistance. Antibiotics (Basel) 2021; 10:1338. [PMID: 34827276 PMCID: PMC8615099 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics10111338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2021] [Revised: 10/24/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Nanotechnology has become an emerging technology in the medical field and is widely applicable for various clinical applications. The potential use of nanoparticles as antimicrobial agents is greatly explored and taken into consideration as alternative methods to overcome the challenges faced by healthcare workers and patients in preventing infections caused by pathogenic microorganisms. Among microorganisms, bacterial infections remain a major hurdle and are responsible for high morbidity and mortality globally, especially involving those with medical conditions and elderly populations. Over time, these groups are more vulnerable to developing resistance to antibiotics, as bacterial biofilms are difficult to destroy or eliminate via antibiotics; thus, treatment becomes unsuccessful or ineffective. Mostly, bacterial biofilms and other microbes can be found on medical devices and wounds where they disperse their contents which cause infections. To inhibit biofilm formations and overcome antibiotic resistance, antimicrobial-loaded nanoparticles alone or combined with other substances could enhance the bactericidal activity of nanomaterials. This includes killing the pathogens effectively without harming other cells or causing any adverse effects to living cells. This review summarises the mechanisms of actions employed by the different types of nanoparticles which counteract infectious agents in reducing biofilm formation and improve antibiotic therapy for clinical usage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maheswary Thambirajoo
- Centre for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia; (M.T.); (M.M.); (Y.L.)
| | - Manira Maarof
- Centre for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia; (M.T.); (M.M.); (Y.L.)
| | - Yogeswaran Lokanathan
- Centre for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia; (M.T.); (M.M.); (Y.L.)
| | - Haliza Katas
- Centre for Drug Delivery Research, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, Kuala Lumpur 50300, Malaysia;
| | - Nur Fatiha Ghazalli
- Biomaterials Unit, School of Dental Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kota Bharu 16150, Malaysia;
| | - Yasuhiko Tabata
- Department of Biomaterials, Institute for Frontier Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, 53 Kawara-cho Shogoin, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan;
| | - Mh Busra Fauzi
- Centre for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia; (M.T.); (M.M.); (Y.L.)
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Zhang W, Hu E, Wang Y, Miao S, Liu Y, Hu Y, Liu J, Xu B, Chen D, Shen Y. Emerging Antibacterial Strategies with Application of Targeting Drug Delivery System and Combined Treatment. Int J Nanomedicine 2021; 16:6141-6156. [PMID: 34511911 PMCID: PMC8423451 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s311248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
At present, some bacteria have developed significant resistance to almost all available antibiotics. One of the reasons that cannot be ignored is long-term exposure of bacteria to the sub-minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of antibiotics. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a targeted antibiotic delivery system to improve drug delivery behavior, in order to delay the generation of bacterial drug resistance. In recent years, with the continuous development of nanotechnology, various types of nanocarriers that respond to the infection microenvironment, targeting specific bacterial targets, and targeting infected cells, and so on, are gradually being used in the delivery of antibacterial agents to increase the concentration of drugs at the site of infection and reduce the side effects of drugs in normal tissues. Here, this article describes in detail the latest research progress on nanocarriers for antimicrobial, and commonly used targeted antimicrobial strategies. The advantages of the combination of nanotechnology and targeting strategies in combating bacterial infections are highlighted in this review, and the upcoming opportunities and remaining challenges in this field are rationally prospected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenli Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Enshi Hu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Yajie Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Si Miao
- Department of Pharmaceutics, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanyan Liu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Yumin Hu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Ji Liu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Bohui Xu
- School of Pharmacy, Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, People's Republic of China
| | - Daquan Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Yantai University, State Key Laboratory of Long-acting and Targeting Drug Delivery System, Yantai, 264005, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Shen
- Department of Pharmaceutics, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, People's Republic of China
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He W, Wang Z, Bai H, Zhao Z, Kwok RTK, Lam JWY, Tang BZ. Highly efficient photothermal nanoparticles for the rapid eradication of bacterial biofilms. NANOSCALE 2021; 13:13610-13616. [PMID: 34477635 DOI: 10.1039/d1nr03471e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Biofilm-related infections, such as dental plaque, chronic sinusitis, native valve endocarditis, and chronic airway infections in cystic fibrosis have brought serious suffering to patients and financial burden to society. Materials that can eliminate mature biofilms without developing drug resistance are promising tools to treat biofilm-related infections, and thus they are in urgent demand. Herein, we designed and readily prepared organic nanoparticles (NPs) with highly efficient photothermal conversion by harvesting energy via excited-state intramolecular motions and enlarging molar absorptivity. The photothermal NPs can sufficiently eliminate mature bacterial biofilms upon low-power near-infrared laser irradiation. NPs hold great promise for the rapid eradication of bacterial biofilms by photothermal therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei He
- Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China.
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Li J, Wei X, Hu Y, Gao Y, Zhang Y, Zhang X. A fluorescent nanobiocide based on ROS generation for eliminating pathogenic and multidrug-resistant bacteria. J Mater Chem B 2021; 9:3689-3695. [PMID: 33861292 DOI: 10.1039/d1tb00273b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Exogenous reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation is a promising antibacterial strategy. The short diffusion distance coupled with the transient existence of ROS restrict their precise release at inflammation sites, so it is imperative to regulate the reactive sites of ROS donors. In this work, we developed a glycomimetic-decorated fluorescent nanobiocide to mediate the release of ROS generated from CuInS/ZnS quantum dots. The introduction of glycomimetics innovatively improved the biocompatibility of the hydrophobic quantum dots, allowing pathogenic bacteria to be targeted. The functionalized CuInS/ZnS quantum dots allowed simultaneous fluorescent reporting and sterilization under 660 nm illumination. Moreover, the nanobiocide can serve as a cell-binding glue causing bacterial aggregation, disrupting bacterial adhesion to host cells and inhibiting biofilm formation. Collectively, this work indicated the far-reaching future of ROS-generating biomimetic design for multifunctional nanobiocides to combat bacterial infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Li
- Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials of Ministry of Education, Institute of Polymer Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China.
| | - Xiaosong Wei
- Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials of Ministry of Education, Institute of Polymer Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China.
| | - Yuqing Hu
- Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials of Ministry of Education, Institute of Polymer Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China.
| | - Yingchao Gao
- Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials of Ministry of Education, Institute of Polymer Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China.
| | - Yufei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials of Ministry of Education, Institute of Polymer Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China.
| | - Xinge Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials of Ministry of Education, Institute of Polymer Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China.
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Liu W, Ye Z, Chen Q, Huang X, Shang Y, Liu H, Meng H, He Y, Dong Y. Effect of the Substituent Position on the Phase Behavior and Photoresponsive Dynamic Behavior of Mixed Systems of a Gemini Surfactant and trans-Methoxy Sodium Cinnamates. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2021; 37:9518-9531. [PMID: 34333982 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.1c01372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Mixed systems of the Gemini cationic surfactant trimethylene-1,3-bis (dodecyldimethylammonium bromide) (12-3-12·2Br-) and the photosensitive additives trans-methoxy sodium cinnamates with different substituent positions (trans-ortho-methoxy cinnamate, trans-OMCA; trans-meta-methoxy cinnamate, trans-MMCA; and trans-para-methoxy cinnamate, trans-PMCA) were selected for investigating the effects of the substituting position of methoxy on the system phase diagram and UV light-responsive behavior of the wormlike micelles. The differences in phase behaviors of the selected systems were analyzed by calculating the potential distribution, molecular volume, and free energy of solvation of cinnamates and the binding energies between photosensitive additives and the surfactant. The photoresponsive behaviors of wormlike micelle solutions formed in the selected systems were studied by the rheological method and UV-vis and H nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR) spectroscopy; the kinetics of photoisomerization of trans-OMCA, trans-MMCA, and trans-PMCA were studied by first-order derivative spectrophotometry. The results reveal that the methoxy substituent position has a great influence on the phase behavior and photosensitivity of the studied systems. In addition, the photoisomerization of the studied cinnamates follows the first-order opposite reaction laws; the different reaction rates play the decisive role in the photosensitivity of the wormlike micelles. This paper would afford a deeper understanding of the UV light-responsive mechanism at the molecular level and provide essential guidance in preparing smart materials with adjustable light sensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenxiu Liu
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials, School of Chemistry & Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Zhicheng Ye
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials, School of Chemistry & Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Qizhou Chen
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials, School of Chemistry & Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Xiangrong Huang
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials, School of Chemistry & Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Yazhuo Shang
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials, School of Chemistry & Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Honglai Liu
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials, School of Chemistry & Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Hong Meng
- Key Laboratory of Cosmetic, China National Light Industry, School of Science, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Yifan He
- Key Laboratory of Cosmetic, China National Light Industry, School of Science, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Yinmao Dong
- Key Laboratory of Cosmetic, China National Light Industry, School of Science, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
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Ding M, Zhao W, Song LJ, Luan SF. Stimuli-responsive nanocarriers for bacterial biofilm treatment. RARE METALS 2021; 41:482-498. [PMID: 34366603 PMCID: PMC8333162 DOI: 10.1007/s12598-021-01802-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Revised: 05/17/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Bacterial biofilm infections have been threatening the human's life and health globally for a long time because they typically cause chronic and persistent infections. Traditional antibiotic therapies can hardly eradicate biofilms in many cases, as biofilms always form a robust fortress for pathogens inside, inhibiting the penetration of drugs. To address the issues, many novel drug carriers emerged as promising strategies for biofilm treatment. Among them, stimuli-responsive nanocarriers have attracted much attentions for their intriguing physicochemical properties, such as tunable size, shape and surface chemistry, especially smart drug release characteristic. Based on the microenvironmental difference between biofilm infection sites and normal tissue, many stimuli, such as bacterial products accumulating in biofilms (enzymes, glutathione, etc.), lower pH and higher H2O2 levels, have been employed and proved in favor of "on-demand" drug release for biofilm elimination. Additionally, external stimuli including light, heat, microwave and magnetic fields are also able to control the drug releasing behavior artificially. In this review, we summarized recent advances in stimuli-responsive nanocarriers for combating biofilm infections, and mainly, focusing on the different stimuli that trigger the drug release. 摘要 , , 。 , , 。 , , 。 , -, , , , 。 , , (, ), pHH2O2, ""。 , , , , 。 , , 。.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese of Academy, Changchun, 130022 China
- College of Applied Chemistry and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026 China
| | - Wei Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese of Academy, Changchun, 130022 China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yantai University, Yantai, 264005 China
| | - Ling-Jie Song
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese of Academy, Changchun, 130022 China
| | - Shi-Fang Luan
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese of Academy, Changchun, 130022 China
- National Engineering Laboratory of Medical Implantable Devices, Key Laboratory for Medical Implantable Devices of Shandong Province, WEGO Holding Company Limited, Weihai, 264210 China
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49
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Ding L, Wang J, Cai S, Smyth H, Cui Z. Pulmonary biofilm-based chronic infections and inhaled treatment strategies. Int J Pharm 2021; 604:120768. [PMID: 34089796 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2021.120768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Revised: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 05/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Certain pulmonary diseases, such as cystic fibrosis (CF), non-CF bronchiectasis, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and ventilator-associated pneumonia, are usually accompanied by respiratory tract infections due to the physiological alteration of the lung immunological defenses. Recurrent infections may lead to chronic infection through the formation of biofilms. Chronic biofilm-based infections are challenging to treat using antimicrobial agents. Therefore, effective ways to eradicate biofilms and thus relieve respiratory tract infection require the development of efficacious agents for biofilm destruction, the design of delivery carriers with biofilm-targeting and/or penetrating abilities for these agents, and the direct delivery of them into the lung. This review provides an in-depth description of biofilm-based infections caused by pulmonary diseases and focuses on current existing agents that are administered by inhalation into the lung to treat biofilm, which include i) inhalable antimicrobial agents and their combinations, ii) non-antimicrobial adjuvants such as matrix-targeting enzymes, mannitol, glutathione, cyclosporin A, and iii) liposomal formulations of anti-biofilm agents. Finally, novel agents that have shown promise against pulmonary biofilms as well as traditional and new devices for pulmonary delivery of anti-biofilm agents into the lung are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Ding
- Division of Molecular Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery, College of Pharmacy, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA
| | - Jieliang Wang
- Division of Molecular Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery, College of Pharmacy, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA
| | - Shihao Cai
- Division of Molecular Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery, College of Pharmacy, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA
| | - Hugh Smyth
- Division of Molecular Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery, College of Pharmacy, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA.
| | - Zhengrong Cui
- Division of Molecular Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery, College of Pharmacy, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA.
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50
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Chen B, Li F, Zhu XK, Xie W, Hu X, Zan MH, Li X, Li QY, Guo SS, Zhao XZ, Jiang YA, Cao Z, Liu W. Highly biocompatible and recyclable biomimetic nanoparticles for antibiotic-resistant bacteria infection. Biomater Sci 2021; 9:826-834. [PMID: 33215618 DOI: 10.1039/d0bm01397h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Increasing number of resistant bacteria have emerged with the overuse of antibiotics, which indicates that the bacterial infection has become a global challenge. Furthermore, the pollution of antibiotics to the environment has become a serious threat to public health. It is known that toxins produced by bacteria are the main cause of bacterial infections. Photothermal therapy is an effective antibacterial approach. However, the photothermal reagents cannot eliminate bacterial toxins, and even some anti-bacterial materials are toxic. Here, we synthesized a biomimetic recycled nanoparticle, red blood cell (RBC) membrane-coated Fe3O4 nanoparticles (RBC@Fe3O4), as an antibacterial agent. The RBC@Fe3O4 nanoparticles act as nano-sponges to trap toxins and then kill them all with a photothermal effect. We can describe this process simply as a battle between two armies. Our strategy is to disarm the "enemy" so that we can easily kill the "enemy" who has no power, which results in enhancing the bactericidal efficacy. The toxin of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) was absorbed by RBC@Fe3O4in vitro. In addition, in vivo studies proved that the RBC@Fe3O4 nanoparticles confer obvious survival benefits against toxin-induced lethality by absorbing the toxin of MRSA. Furthermore, using a mouse model of MRSA wound infection, the RBC@Fe3O4 nanoparticles with laser irradiation were found to have a superior wound-healing effect. Simultaneously, the RBC@Fe3O4 nanoparticles could be recycled in a simple way without affecting the bactericidal efficacy. The highly biocompatible and recyclable RBC@Fe3O4 biomimetic nanoparticles based on photothermal therapy and bacterial toxin adsorption strategy are promising for treating bacterial infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bei Chen
- Key Laboratory of Artificial Micro- and Nano-Structures of Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China.
| | - Fangfang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, College of Life Sciences, Renmin Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, PR China.
| | - Xin Kai Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Artificial Micro- and Nano-Structures of Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China.
| | - Wei Xie
- Key Laboratory of Artificial Micro- and Nano-Structures of Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China.
| | - Xue Hu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China.
| | - Ming Hui Zan
- Key Laboratory of Artificial Micro- and Nano-Structures of Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China.
| | - XueKe Li
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, College of Life Sciences, Renmin Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, PR China.
| | - Qian-Ying Li
- School of Foreign Language and Literature, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Shi-Shang Guo
- Key Laboratory of Artificial Micro- and Nano-Structures of Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China.
| | - Xing-Zhong Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Artificial Micro- and Nano-Structures of Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China.
| | - Ying-An Jiang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China.
| | - Zhijian Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, College of Life Sciences, Renmin Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, PR China.
| | - Wei Liu
- Key Laboratory of Artificial Micro- and Nano-Structures of Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China. and Wuhan University Shenzhen Institution, Shenzhen 518057, China
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