1
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Liang G, Montesdeoca N, Tang D, Wang B, Xiao H, Karges J, Shang K. Facile one-pot synthesis of Ir(III) Bodipy polymeric gemini nanoparticles for tumor selective NIR photoactivated anticancer therapy. Biomaterials 2024; 309:122618. [PMID: 38797122 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2024.122618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Revised: 04/19/2024] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
Over the last decades, a variety of metal complexes have been developed as chemotherapeutic agents. Despite the promising therapeutic prospects, the vast majority of these compounds suffer from low solubility, poor pharmacological properties, and most importantly poor tumor accumulation. To circumvent these limitations, herein, the incorporation of cytotoxic Ir(III) complexes and a variety of photosensitizers into polymeric gemini nanoparticles that selectively accumulate in the tumorous tissue and could be activated by near-infrared (NIR) light to exert an anticancer effect is reported. Upon exposure to light, the photosensitizer is able to generate singlet oxygen, triggering the rapid dissociation of the nanostructure and the activation of the Ir prodrug, thereby initiating a cascade of mitochondrial targeting and damage that ultimately leads to cell apoptosis. While selectively accumulating into tumorous tissue, the nanoparticles achieve almost complete eradication of the cisplatin-resistant cervical carcinoma tumor in vivo upon exposure to NIR irradiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ganghao Liang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Nicolás Montesdeoca
- Faculty of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ruhr-University Bochum, Universitätsstrasse 150, 44780, Bochum, Germany
| | - Dongsheng Tang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Bin Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Haihua Xiao
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
| | - Johannes Karges
- Faculty of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ruhr-University Bochum, Universitätsstrasse 150, 44780, Bochum, Germany.
| | - Kun Shang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, 100044, China.
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2
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Ramos R, Karaiskou A, Botuha C, Amhaz S, Trichet M, Dingli F, Forté J, Lam F, Canette A, Chaumeton C, Salome M, Chenuel T, Bergonzi C, Meyer P, Bohic S, Loew D, Salmain M, Sobczak-Thépot J. Identification of Cellular Protein Targets of a Half-Sandwich Iridium(III) Complex Reveals Its Dual Mechanism of Action via Both Electrophilic and Oxidative Stresses. J Med Chem 2024; 67:6189-6206. [PMID: 38577779 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.3c02000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
Identification of intracellular targets of anticancer drug candidates provides key information on their mechanism of action. Exploiting the ability of the anticancer (C∧N)-chelated half-sandwich iridium(III) complexes to covalently bind proteins, click chemistry with a bioorthogonal azido probe was used to localize a phenyloxazoline-chelated iridium complex within cells and profile its interactome at the proteome-wide scale. Proteins involved in protein folding and actin cytoskeleton regulation were identified as high-affinity targets. Upon iridium complex treatment, the folding activity of Heat Shock Protein HSP90 was inhibited in vitro and major cytoskeleton disorganization was observed. A wide array of imaging and biochemical methods validated selected targets and provided a multiscale overview of the effects of this complex on live human cells. We demonstrate that it behaves as a dual agent, inducing both electrophilic and oxidative stresses in cells that account for its cytotoxicity. The proposed methodological workflow can open innovative avenues in metallodrug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robin Ramos
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Centre de Recherche Saint Antoine, 184 rue du Faubourg Saint Antoine, F-75012 Paris, France
| | - Anthi Karaiskou
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Centre de Recherche Saint Antoine, 184 rue du Faubourg Saint Antoine, F-75012 Paris, France
| | - Candice Botuha
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire, 4 place Jussieu, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - Sadek Amhaz
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Centre de Recherche Saint Antoine, 184 rue du Faubourg Saint Antoine, F-75012 Paris, France
| | - Michaël Trichet
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Institut de Biologie Paris-Seine, Service d'imagerie cellulaire, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - Florent Dingli
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, CurieCoreTech Mass Spectrometry Proteomics, F-75248 Paris, France
| | - Jérémy Forté
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire, 4 place Jussieu, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - France Lam
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Institut de Biologie Paris-Seine, Service d'imagerie cellulaire, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - Alexis Canette
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Institut de Biologie Paris-Seine, Service d'imagerie cellulaire, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - Chloé Chaumeton
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Institut de Biologie Paris-Seine, Service d'imagerie cellulaire, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - Murielle Salome
- ESRF, The European Synchrotron Research Facility, F-38043 Grenoble cedex 9, France
| | - Thomas Chenuel
- Sorbonne Université, PSL, CNRS, UMR8226, Institut de Biologie Physico-Chimique, Laboratoire de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire des Eucaryotes, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - Céline Bergonzi
- Sorbonne Université, PSL, CNRS, UMR8226, Institut de Biologie Physico-Chimique, Laboratoire de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire des Eucaryotes, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - Philippe Meyer
- Sorbonne Université, PSL, CNRS, UMR8226, Institut de Biologie Physico-Chimique, Laboratoire de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire des Eucaryotes, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - Sylvain Bohic
- Université Grenoble Alpes, INSERM, UA7 STROBE, Synchrotron Radiation for Biomedicine, F-38400 Saint Martin d'Hères, France
| | - Damarys Loew
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, CurieCoreTech Mass Spectrometry Proteomics, F-75248 Paris, France
| | - Michèle Salmain
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire, 4 place Jussieu, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - Joëlle Sobczak-Thépot
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Centre de Recherche Saint Antoine, 184 rue du Faubourg Saint Antoine, F-75012 Paris, France
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3
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Wang MM, Deng DP, Zhou AM, Su Y, Yu ZH, Liu HK, Su Z. Functional Upgrading of an Organo-Ir(III) Complex to an Organo-Ir(III) Prodrug as a DNA Damage-Responsive Autophagic Inducer for Hypoxic Lung Cancer Therapy. Inorg Chem 2024; 63:4758-4769. [PMID: 38408314 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.4c00060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
The efficiency of nitrogen mustards (NMs), among the first chemotherapeutic agents against cancer, is limited by their monotonous mechanism of action (MoA). And tumor hypoxia is a significant obstacle in the attenuation of the chemotherapeutic efficacy. To repurpose the drug and combat hypoxia, herein, we constructed an organo-Ir(III) prodrug, IrCpNM, with the composition of a reactive oxygen species (ROS)-inducing moiety (Ir-arene fragment)-a hypoxic responsive moiety (azo linker)-a DNA-alkylating moiety (nitrogen mustard), and realized DNA damage response (DDR)-mediated autophagy for hypoxic lung cancer therapy for the first time. Prodrug IrCpNM could upregulate the level of catalase (CAT) to catalyze the decomposition of excessive H2O2 to O2 and downregulate the expression of the hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF-1α) to relieve hypoxia. Subsequently, IrCpNM initiates the quadruple synergetic actions under hypoxia, as simultaneous ROS promotion and glutathione (GSH) depletion to enhance the redox disbalance and severe oxidative and cross-linking DNA damages to trigger the occurrence of DDR-mediated autophagy via the ATM/Chk2 cascade and the PIK3CA/PI3K-AKT1-mTOR-RPS6KB1 signaling pathway. In vitro and in vivo experiments have confirmed the greatly antiproliferative capacity of IrCpNM against the hypoxic solid tumor. This work demonstrated the effectiveness of the DNA damage-responsive organometallic prodrug strategy with the microenvironment targeting system and the rebirth of traditional chemotherapeutic agents with a new anticancer mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng-Meng Wang
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Biomedical Functional Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Dong-Ping Deng
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Biomedical Functional Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - An-Min Zhou
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Biomedical Functional Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Yan Su
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Biomedical Functional Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing 210002, China
| | - Zheng-Hong Yu
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing 210002, China
| | - Hong Ke Liu
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Biomedical Functional Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Zhi Su
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Biomedical Functional Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
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4
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Gonzalo-Navarro C, Zafon E, Organero JA, Jalón FA, Lima JC, Espino G, Rodríguez AM, Santos L, Moro AJ, Barrabés S, Castro J, Camacho-Aguayo J, Massaguer A, Manzano BR, Durá G. Ir(III) Half-Sandwich Photosensitizers with a π-Expansive Ligand for Efficient Anticancer Photodynamic Therapy. J Med Chem 2024; 67:1783-1811. [PMID: 38291666 PMCID: PMC10859961 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.3c01276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Revised: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
One approach to reduce the side effects of chemotherapy in cancer treatment is photodynamic therapy (PDT), which allows spatiotemporal control of the cytotoxicity. We have used the strategy of coordinating π-expansive ligands to increase the excited state lifetimes of Ir(III) half-sandwich complexes in order to facilitate the generation of 1O2. We have obtained derivatives of formulas [Cp*Ir(C∧N)Cl] and [Cp*Ir(C∧N)L]BF4 with different degrees of π-expansion in the C∧N ligands. Complexes with the more π-expansive ligand are very effective photosensitizers with phototoxic indexes PI > 2000. Furthermore, PI values of 63 were achieved with red light. Time-dependent density functional theory (TD-DFT) calculations nicely explain the effect of the π-expansion. The complexes produce reactive oxygen species (ROS) at the cellular level, causing mitochondrial membrane depolarization, cleavage of DNA, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH) oxidation, as well as lysosomal damage. Consequently, cell death by apoptosis and secondary necrosis is activated. Thus, we describe the first class of half-sandwich iridium cyclometalated complexes active in PDT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Gonzalo-Navarro
- Departamento
de Química Inorgánica, Orgánica y Bioquímica-
IRICA, Facultad de Ciencias y Tecnologías Químicas, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Avda. C. J. Cela, 10, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - Elisenda Zafon
- Departament
de Biologia, Facultat de Ciències, Universitat de Girona, Maria Aurèlia Capmany 40, 17003 Girona, Spain
| | - Juan Angel Organero
- Departamento
de Química Física, Facultad de Ciencias Ambientales
y Bioquímicas and INAMOL, Universidad
de Castilla-La Mancha, 45071 Toledo, Spain
| | - Félix A. Jalón
- Departamento
de Química Inorgánica, Orgánica y Bioquímica-
IRICA, Facultad de Ciencias y Tecnologías Químicas, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Avda. C. J. Cela, 10, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - Joao Carlos Lima
- LAQV-REQUIMTE,
Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
| | - Gustavo Espino
- Departamento
de Química, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Burgos, Pza. Misael Bañuelos, s/n, 09001 Burgos, Spain
| | - Ana María Rodríguez
- Departamento
de Química Inorgánica, Orgánica y Bioquímica-
IRICA, Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingenieros Industriales, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Avda. C. J. Cela, 3, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - Lucía Santos
- Departamento
de Química Física, Facultad de Ciencias y Tecnologías
Químicas, Universidad de Castilla-La
Mancha, Avda. C. J. Cela,
s/n, 13071 Ciudad
Real, Spain
| | - Artur J. Moro
- LAQV-REQUIMTE,
Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
| | - Sílvia Barrabés
- Departament
de Biologia, Facultat de Ciències, Universitat de Girona, Maria Aurèlia Capmany 40, 17003 Girona, Spain
| | - Jessica Castro
- Departament
de Biologia, Facultat de Ciències, Universitat de Girona, Maria Aurèlia Capmany 40, 17003 Girona, Spain
| | - Javier Camacho-Aguayo
- Analytical
Chemistry Department, Analytic Biosensors Group, Instituto de Nanociencia
y Nanomateriales de Aragon, Faculty of Sciences, University of Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Anna Massaguer
- Departament
de Biologia, Facultat de Ciències, Universitat de Girona, Maria Aurèlia Capmany 40, 17003 Girona, Spain
| | - Blanca R. Manzano
- Departamento
de Química Inorgánica, Orgánica y Bioquímica-
IRICA, Facultad de Ciencias y Tecnologías Químicas, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Avda. C. J. Cela, 10, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - Gema Durá
- Departamento
de Química Inorgánica, Orgánica y Bioquímica-
IRICA, Facultad de Ciencias y Tecnologías Químicas, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Avda. C. J. Cela, 10, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain
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5
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Bai Y, Aodeng G, Ga L, Hai W, Ai J. Research Progress of Metal Anticancer Drugs. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:2750. [PMID: 38140091 PMCID: PMC10747151 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15122750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Revised: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer treatments, including traditional chemotherapy, have failed to cure human malignancies. The main reasons for the failure of these treatments are the inevitable drug resistance and serious side effects. In clinical treatment, only 5 percent of the 50 percent of cancer patients who are able to receive conventional chemotherapy survive. Because of these factors, being able to develop a drug and treatment that can target only cancer cells without affecting normal cells remains a big challenge. Since the special properties of cisplatin in the treatment of malignant tumors were accidentally discovered in the last century, metal anticancer drugs have become a research hotspot. Metal anticancer drugs have unique pharmaceutical properties, such as ruthenium metal drugs with their high selectivity, low toxicity, easy absorption by tumor tissue, excretion, and so on. In recent years, efficient and low-toxicity metal antitumor complexes have been synthesized. In this paper, the scientific literature on platinum (Pt), ruthenium (Ru), iridium (Ir), gold (Au), and other anticancer complexes was reviewed by referring to a large amount of relevant literature at home and abroad.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Bai
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Enviromental Science, Inner Mongolia Normal University, 81 Zhaowudalu, Hohhot 010022, China; (Y.B.); (G.A.)
| | - Gerile Aodeng
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Enviromental Science, Inner Mongolia Normal University, 81 Zhaowudalu, Hohhot 010022, China; (Y.B.); (G.A.)
| | - Lu Ga
- College of Pharmacy, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Jinchuankaifaqu, Hohhot 010110, China;
| | - Wenfeng Hai
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Carbon Nanomaterials, Nano Innovation Institute (NII), College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Inner Mongolia Minzu University, Tongliao 028000, China
| | - Jun Ai
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Enviromental Science, Inner Mongolia Normal University, 81 Zhaowudalu, Hohhot 010022, China; (Y.B.); (G.A.)
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6
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Wang Y, Luo YZ, Liu ZJ, Yao ZJ. Cationic N,S-chelate half-sandwich iridium complexes: synthesis, characterization, anticancer and antiplasmodial activity. Biomater Sci 2023; 11:7090-7098. [PMID: 37667825 DOI: 10.1039/d3bm01027a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/06/2023]
Abstract
A series of pyrazole-based ligands and their corresponding cationic N,S-chelate half-sandwich iridium complexes were successfully synthesized. All iridium complexes exhibited good anticancer activity against the MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 human breast cancer cells. The cytotoxic activity of unsubstituted iridium complex 1 is greater than that of cisplatin against MCF-7 cells. In addition, the cationic half-sandwich iridium complexes are also efficient in antiplasmodial study and complex 1 displayed the best activity as its IC50 was observed to be approximately 0.11 μM against the CQS-NF54 strain. These iridium complexes generally exhibited enhanced activity against the CQS-NF54 strain in comparison with that against the CQR-K1 strain. An "IC50 speed assay" investigation against the CQS-NF54 strain indicated complexes 1-3 to be fast-acting complexes that reach their lowest IC50 values within 16 hours. All complexes were fully characterized by IR spectroscopy, NMR spectroscopy, and elemental analysis, and the structure of the iridium complex was confirmed by single-crystal X-ray diffraction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Wang
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai, 201418, China.
| | - Yu-Zhou Luo
- Scientific Research Office, Guangzhou College of Commerce, Guangzhou, 511363, China.
| | - Zhen-Jiang Liu
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai, 201418, China.
| | - Zi-Jian Yao
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai, 201418, China.
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7
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Gadre S, M M, Chakraborty G, Rayrikar A, Paul S, Patra C, Patra M. Development of a Highly In Vivo Efficacious Dual Antitumor and Antiangiogenic Organoiridium Complex as a Potential Anti-Lung Cancer Agent. J Med Chem 2023; 66:13481-13500. [PMID: 37784224 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.3c00704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
While the phenomenal clinical success of blockbuster platinum (Pt) drugs is highly encouraging, the inherent and acquired resistance and dose-limiting side effects severely limit their clinical application. To find a better alternative with translational potential, we synthesized a library of six organo-IrIII half-sandwich [(η5-CpX)Ir(N∧N)Cl]+-type complexes. In vitro screening identified two lead candidates [(η5-CpXPh)Ir(Ph2Phen)Cl]+ (5, CpXPh = tetramethyl-phenyl-cyclopentadienyl and Ph2Phen = 4,7-diphenyl-1,10-phenanthroline) and [(η5-CpXBiPh)Ir(Ph2Phen)Cl]+ (6, CpXBiPh = tetramethyl-biphenyl-cyclopentadienyl) with nanomolar IC50 values. Both 5 and 6 efficiently overcame Pt resistance and presented excellent cancer cell selectivity in vitro. Potent antiangiogenic properties of 6 were demonstrated in the zebrafish model. Satisfyingly, 6 and its nanoliposome Lipo-6 presented considerably higher in vivo antitumor efficacy as compared to cisplatin, as well as earlier reported IrIII half-sandwich complexes in mice bearing the A549 non-small lung cancer xenograft. In particular, complex 6 is the first example of this class that exerted dual in vivo antiangiogenic and antitumor properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shubhankar Gadre
- Medicinal Chemistry and Cell Biology Laboratory, Department of Chemical Sciences, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Homi Bhabha Road, Mumbai, Maharashtra 400005, India
| | - Manikandan M
- Medicinal Chemistry and Cell Biology Laboratory, Department of Chemical Sciences, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Homi Bhabha Road, Mumbai, Maharashtra 400005, India
| | - Gourav Chakraborty
- Department of Developmental Biology, Agharkar Research Institute, G G Agarkar Road, Pune, Maharashtra 411004, India
| | - Amey Rayrikar
- Department of Developmental Biology, Agharkar Research Institute, G G Agarkar Road, Pune, Maharashtra 411004, India
| | - Subhadeep Paul
- Medicinal Chemistry and Cell Biology Laboratory, Department of Chemical Sciences, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Homi Bhabha Road, Mumbai, Maharashtra 400005, India
| | - Chinmoy Patra
- Department of Developmental Biology, Agharkar Research Institute, G G Agarkar Road, Pune, Maharashtra 411004, India
| | - Malay Patra
- Medicinal Chemistry and Cell Biology Laboratory, Department of Chemical Sciences, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Homi Bhabha Road, Mumbai, Maharashtra 400005, India
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8
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Thilak
Babu L, Paira P. CuAAC "Click"-Derived Luminescent 2-(2-(4-(4-(Pyridin-2-yl)-1 H-1,2,3-triazol-1-yl)butoxy)phenyl)benzo[ d]thiazole-Based Ru(II)/Ir(III)/Re(I) Complexes as Anticancer Agents. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:32382-32395. [PMID: 37720792 PMCID: PMC10500652 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c01639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023]
Abstract
To enhance the cytoselective behavior of the complexes, we intended to develop a CuAAC "click"-derived synthetic protocol for the preparation of 2-(2-(4-(4-(pyridin-2-yl)-1H-1,2,3-triazol-1-yl)butoxy)phenyl)benzo[d]thiazole-based Ru(II)/Ir(III)/Re(I) complexes, and their cytotoxicity against three different cancer cell lines (MCF-7, HeLa, and U87MG) in consort with one normal cell line (HEK-293) was evaluated. In our detailed investigations, the significant cytotoxic nature of the Ru(II) complex 7a compared to Ir(III) and Re(I) complexes (7b and 7c, respectively) was observed. Complex 7a was capable of MCF-7 cell apoptosis via the inhibition of both S- and G2/M-phase cell cycle arrest in association with a substantial quantity of ROS production and DNA intercalation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lavanya Thilak
Babu
- Department of Chemistry,
School of Advanced Sciences, Vellore Institute
of Technology, Vellore 632014, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Priyankar Paira
- Department of Chemistry,
School of Advanced Sciences, Vellore Institute
of Technology, Vellore 632014, Tamil Nadu, India
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9
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Stefàno E, Cossa LG, De Castro F, De Luca E, Vergaro V, My G, Rovito G, Migoni D, Muscella A, Marsigliante S, Benedetti M, Fanizzi FP. Evaluation of the Antitumor Effects of Platinum-Based [Pt( η1-C 2H 4-OR)(DMSO)(phen)] + (R = Me, Et) Cationic Organometallic Complexes on Chemoresistant Pancreatic Cancer Cell Lines. Bioinorg Chem Appl 2023; 2023:5564624. [PMID: 37727647 PMCID: PMC10506884 DOI: 10.1155/2023/5564624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Revised: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer is one of the most lethal malignancies with an increasing incidence and a high mortality rate, due to its rapid progression, invasiveness, and resistance to anticancer therapies. In this work, we evaluated the antiproliferative and antimigratory activities of the two organometallic compounds, [Pt(η1-C2H4-OMe)(DMSO)(phen)]Cl (1) and [Pt(η1-C2H4-OEt)(DMSO)(phen)]Cl (2), on three human pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma cell lines with different sensitivity to cisplatin (Mia PaCa-2, PANC-1, and YAPC). The two cationic analogues showed superimposable antiproliferative effects on the tested cells, without significant differences depending on alkyl chain length (Me or Et). On the other hand, they demonstrated to be more effective than cisplatin, especially on YAPC cancer cells. For the interesting cytotoxic activity observed on YAPC, further biological assays were performed, on this cancer cell line, to evaluate the apoptotic and antimetastatic properties of the considered platinum compounds (1 and 2). The cytotoxicity of 1 and 2 compounds appeared to be related to their intracellular accumulation, which was much faster than that of cisplatin. Both 1 and 2 compounds significantly induced apoptosis and cell cycle arrest, with a high accumulation of sub-G1 phase cells, compared to cisplatin. Moreover, phenanthroline-containing complexes caused a rapid loss of mitochondria membrane potential, ΔΨM, if compared to cisplatin, probably due to their cationic and lipophilic properties. On 3D tumor spheroids, 1 and 2 significantly reduced migrated area more than cisplatin, confirming an antimetastatic ability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erika Stefàno
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies (DiSTeBA), University of Salento, Via Monteroni, I-73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - Luca Giulio Cossa
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies (DiSTeBA), University of Salento, Via Monteroni, I-73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - Federica De Castro
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies (DiSTeBA), University of Salento, Via Monteroni, I-73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - Erik De Luca
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies (DiSTeBA), University of Salento, Via Monteroni, I-73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - Viviana Vergaro
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies (DiSTeBA), University of Salento, Via Monteroni, I-73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - Giulia My
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies (DiSTeBA), University of Salento, Via Monteroni, I-73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - Gianluca Rovito
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies (DiSTeBA), University of Salento, Via Monteroni, I-73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - Danilo Migoni
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies (DiSTeBA), University of Salento, Via Monteroni, I-73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - Antonella Muscella
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies (DiSTeBA), University of Salento, Via Monteroni, I-73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - Santo Marsigliante
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies (DiSTeBA), University of Salento, Via Monteroni, I-73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - Michele Benedetti
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies (DiSTeBA), University of Salento, Via Monteroni, I-73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - Francesco Paolo Fanizzi
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies (DiSTeBA), University of Salento, Via Monteroni, I-73100 Lecce, Italy
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10
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Alfadul SM, Matnurov EM, Varakutin AE, Babak MV. Metal-Based Anticancer Complexes and p53: How Much Do We Know? Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:2834. [PMID: 37345171 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15102834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2023] [Revised: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023] Open
Abstract
P53 plays a key role in protecting the human genome from DNA-related mutations; however, it is one of the most frequently mutated genes in cancer. The P53 family members p63 and p73 were also shown to play important roles in cancer development and progression. Currently, there are various organic molecules from different structural classes of compounds that could reactivate the function of wild-type p53, degrade or inhibit mutant p53, etc. It was shown that: (1) the function of the wild-type p53 protein was dependent on the presence of Zn atoms, and (2) Zn supplementation restored the altered conformation of the mutant p53 protein. This prompted us to question whether the dependence of p53 on Zn and other metals might be used as a cancer vulnerability. This review article focuses on the role of different metals in the structure and function of p53, as well as discusses the effects of metal complexes based on Zn, Cu, Fe, Ru, Au, Ag, Pd, Pt, Ir, V, Mo, Bi and Sn on the p53 protein and p53-associated signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samah Mutasim Alfadul
- Drug Discovery Lab, Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, 83 Tat Chee Avenue, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China
| | - Egor M Matnurov
- Drug Discovery Lab, Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, 83 Tat Chee Avenue, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China
| | - Alexander E Varakutin
- Drug Discovery Lab, Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, 83 Tat Chee Avenue, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China
| | - Maria V Babak
- Drug Discovery Lab, Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, 83 Tat Chee Avenue, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China
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11
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Roy N, Shanavas S, Kar B, Thilak Babu L, Das U, Vardhan S, Sahoo SK, Bose B, Rajagopalan V, Paira P. G2/M-Phase-Inhibitory Mitochondrial-Depolarizing Re(I)/Ru(II)/Ir(III)-2,2'-Bipyrimidine-Based Heterobimetallic Luminescent Complexes: An Assessment of In Vitro Antiproliferative Activity and Bioimaging for Targeted Therapy toward Human TNBC Cells. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:12283-12297. [PMID: 37033791 PMCID: PMC10077533 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c08285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is an extremely vicious subtype of human breast cancer having the worst prognosis along with strong invasive and metastatic competency. Hence, it can easily invade into blood vessels, and presently, no targeted therapeutic approach is available to annihilate this type of cancer. Metal complexes have successfully stepped into the anticancer research and are now being applauded due to their anticancer potency after the discovery of cisplatin. Many of these metal complexes are also well recognized for their activity toward breast cancer. As the TNBC is a very dangerous subtype and has long been a challenging ailment to treat, we have intended to develop a few brand new mixed metallic Ru(II)/Ir(III)/Re(I)-2,2'-bipyrimidine complexes [L'Re2], [L'RuRe], and [L'IrRe] to abate the unbridled proliferation of TNBC cells. The potency of the complexes against TNBC cells has been justified using MDA-MB-468 TNBC cell lines where complex [L'IrRe] has displayed significant potency among all the three complexes with an IC50 value of 24.12 μM. The complex [L'IrRe] has been competent to cause apoptosis of TNBC cells through inhibition of the G2/M phase in the cell cycle in association with a profuse amount of ROS generation and mitochondrial depolarization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nilmadhab Roy
- Department
of Chemistry, School of Advanced Sciences, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore 632014, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Shanooja Shanavas
- Department
Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Centre, Institution Yenepoya
Research Centre, Yenepoya University, University Road, Derlakatte, Mangalore 575018, Karnataka, India
| | - Binoy Kar
- Department
of Chemistry, School of Advanced Sciences, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore 632014, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Lavanya Thilak Babu
- Department
of Chemistry, School of Advanced Sciences, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore 632014, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Utpal Das
- Department
of Chemistry, School of Advanced Sciences, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore 632014, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Seshu Vardhan
- Department
of Applied Chemistry, S.V. National Institute
of Technology (SVNIT), Ichchanath, Surat, Gujarat 395007, India
| | - Suban K. Sahoo
- Department
of Applied Chemistry, S.V. National Institute
of Technology (SVNIT), Ichchanath, Surat, Gujarat 395007, India
| | - Bipasha Bose
- Department
Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Centre, Institution Yenepoya
Research Centre, Yenepoya University, University Road, Derlakatte, Mangalore 575018, Karnataka, India
| | - Vijayaraghavan Rajagopalan
- Department
of Chemistry, School of Advanced Sciences, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore 632014, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Priyankar Paira
- Department
of Chemistry, School of Advanced Sciences, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore 632014, Tamilnadu, India
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12
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Yang PX, Xie K, Chen MR, Zhang Z, Huang B, Li RT, Ye RR. Synthesis, Characterization, and Antitumor Mechanism Investigation of Ruthenium(II)/Rhenium(I)-Daminozide Conjugates. INORGANICS 2023. [DOI: 10.3390/inorganics11040142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Daminozide, a plant growth regulator, is an effective inhibitor of the Jumonji domain-containing protein (JMJD) histone demethylase. Herein, four ruthenium(II)/rhenium(I)-daminozide conjugates, with molecular formulas [Ru(N-N)2bpy(4-CH2OH-4′-CH2O-daminozide)](PF6)2 (Ru-1/Ru-2) (N-N = 1,10-phenanthroline (phen, in Ru-1) and 4,7-diphenyl-1,10-phenanthroline (DIP, in Ru-2)) and Re(N-N)(CO)3(PyCH2O-daminozide) (Re-1/Re-2) (Py = pyridine, N-N = phen (in Re-1) and DIP (in Re-2)), were synthesized and characterized. Among these complexes, Ru-2 and Re-2 exhibited higher cytotoxicity against tumor cells than cisplatin. Upregulation of H3K9Me3 expression level was found in human cervical cancer cells (HeLa) treated with Ru-2 and Re-2, indicating that these two complexes can inhibit the activity of JMJD histone demethylase. Further investigation revealed that Re-2 can selectively accumulate in the mitochondria of HeLa cells. Both Ru-2 and Re-2 can cause mitochondrial damage, induce apoptosis, and inhibit cell migration and colony formation of HeLa cells. Overall, these complexes exhibit multiple anticancer functions, including inhibiting JMJD, inducing apoptosis, and inhibiting cell invasion, making them promising candidates for anticancer drugs.
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13
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Sharma VK, Assaraf YG, Gross Z. Hallmarks of anticancer and antimicrobial activities of corroles. Drug Resist Updat 2023; 67:100931. [PMID: 36739808 DOI: 10.1016/j.drup.2023.100931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2022] [Revised: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Corroles provide a remarkable opportunity for the development of cancer theranostic agents among other porphyrinoids. While most transition metal corrole complexes are only therapeutic, post-transition metallocorroles also find their applications in bioimaging. Moreover, corroles exhibit excellent photo-physicochemical properties, which can be harnessed for antitumor and antimicrobial interventions. Nevertheless, these intriguing, yet distinct properties of corroles, have not attained sufficient momentum in cancer research. The current review provides a comprehensive summary of various cancer-relevant features of corroles ranging from their structural and photophysical properties, chelation, protein/corrole interactions, to DNA intercalation. Another aspect of the paper deals with the studies of corroles conducted in vitro and in vivo with an emphasis on medical imaging (optical and magnetic resonance), photo/sonodynamic therapies, and photodynamic inactivation. Special attention is also given to a most recent finding that shows the development of pH-responsive phosphorus corrole as a potent antitumor drug for organelle selective antitumor cytotoxicity in preclinical studies. Another biomedical application of corroles is also highlighted, signifying the application of water-soluble and completely lipophilic corroles in the photodynamic inactivation of microorganisms. We strongly believe that future studies will offer a greater possibility of utilizing advanced corroles for selective tumor targeting and antitumor cytotoxicity. In the line with future developments, an ideal pipeline is envisioned on grounds of cancer targeting nanoparticle systems upon decoration with tumor-specific ligands. Hence, we envision that a bright future lies ahead of corrole anticancer research and therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinay K Sharma
- Schulich Faculty of Chemistry, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 3200003, Israel.
| | - Yehuda G Assaraf
- The Fred Wyszkowski Cancer Research Laboratory, Department of Biology, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 3200003, Israel.
| | - Zeev Gross
- Schulich Faculty of Chemistry, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 3200003, Israel.
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14
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Hu X, Guo L, Liu M, Zhang Q, Gong Y, Sun M, Feng S, Xu Y, Liu Y, Liu Z. Increasing Anticancer Activity with Phosphine Ligation in Zwitterionic Half-Sandwich Iridium(III), Rhodium(III), and Ruthenium(II) Complexes. Inorg Chem 2022; 61:20008-20025. [PMID: 36426422 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.2c03279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis and biological assessment of neutral or cationic platinum group metal-based anticancer complexes have been extremely studied, whereas there are few reports on the corresponding zwitterionic complexes. Herein, the synthesis, characterization, and bioactivity of zwitterionic half-sandwich phosphine-imine iridium(III), rhodium(III), and ruthenium(II) complexes were presented. The sulfonated phosphine-imine ligand and a group of zwitterionic half-sandwich P,N-chelating organometallic complexes were fully characterized by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), mass spectrum (electrospray ionization, ESI), elemental analysis, and X-ray crystallography. The solution stability of these complexes and their spectral properties were also determined. Notably, almost all of these complexes showed enhanced anticancer activity against model HeLa and A549 cancer cells than the corresponding zwitterionic pyridyl-imine N,N-chelating iridium(III) and ruthenium(II) complexes, which have exhibited inactive or low active in our previous work. The increase in the lipophilic property and intracellular uptake levels of these zwitterionic P,N-chelating complexes appeared to be associated with their superior cytotoxicity. In addition, these complexes showed biomolecular interactions with bovine serum albumin (BSA). The flow cytometry studies indicated that the representative complex Ir1 could induce early-stage apoptosis in A549 cells. Further, confocal microscopy imaging analysis displayed that Ir1 entered A549 cells through the energy-dependent pathway, targeted lysosome, and could cause lysosomal damage. In particular, these complexes could impede cell migration in A549 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueyan Hu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qufu Normal University, Qufu 273165, P. R. China
| | - Lihua Guo
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qufu Normal University, Qufu 273165, P. R. China
| | - Mengqi Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qufu Normal University, Qufu 273165, P. R. China
| | - Qiuya Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qufu Normal University, Qufu 273165, P. R. China
| | - Yuwen Gong
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qufu Normal University, Qufu 273165, P. R. China
| | - Mengru Sun
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qufu Normal University, Qufu 273165, P. R. China
| | - Shenghan Feng
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qufu Normal University, Qufu 273165, P. R. China
| | - Youzhi Xu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qufu Normal University, Qufu 273165, P. R. China
| | - Yiming Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qufu Normal University, Qufu 273165, P. R. China
| | - Zhe Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qufu Normal University, Qufu 273165, P. R. China
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15
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Pete S, Roy N, Kar B, Paira P. Construction of homo and heteronuclear Ru(II), Ir(III) and Re(I) complexes for target specific cancer therapy. Coord Chem Rev 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2022.214462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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16
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Pandey S, Tripathi P, Parashar P, Maurya V, Malik MZ, Singh R, Yadav P, Tandon V. Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Novel 1 H-Benzo[ d]imidazole Derivatives as Potential Anticancer Agents Targeting Human Topoisomerase I. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:2861-2880. [PMID: 35097282 PMCID: PMC8793051 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.1c05743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Small molecules that modulate biological functions are targets of modern-day drug discovery efforts. A new series of novel 1H-benzo[d]imidazoles (BBZs) were designed and synthesized with different functional groups at the phenyl ring and variable lengths of the alkyl chain at the piperazine end as anticancer agents. We identified human topoisomerase I (Hu Topo I) as a probable target of these molecules through a computational study and DNA relaxation assay, a functional assay of the Hu Topo I enzyme. UV absorption, fluorescence, and circular dichroism spectroscopy were used to study interactions between BBZ and DNA. Out of 16 compounds, 11a, 12a, and 12b showed strong binding affinity and thermal stabilization of AT sequence-specific DNA. BBZs were screened against a panel of 60 human cancer cell lines at National Cancer Institute, USA. Most potent molecules 11a, 12a, and 12b showed 50% growth inhibition (GI50) in a concentration range from 0.16 to 3.6 μM cancer cells. Moreover, 12b showed 50% inhibition of the relaxation of DNA by Hu Topo I at 16 μM. Furthermore, flow cytometry revealed that 11a, 12a, and 12b cause prominent G2M arrest of cancer cells. In view of the above, we propose that 12b deserves to be further evaluated for its therapeutic use as an anticancer agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stuti Pandey
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Delhi, Delhi 110007, India
- Special
Centre for Molecular Medicine, Jawaharlal
Nehru University, New Delhi 110067, India
| | - Pragya Tripathi
- Special
Centre for Molecular Medicine, Jawaharlal
Nehru University, New Delhi 110067, India
| | - Palak Parashar
- Special
Centre for Molecular Medicine, Jawaharlal
Nehru University, New Delhi 110067, India
| | - Vikas Maurya
- Special
Centre for Molecular Medicine, Jawaharlal
Nehru University, New Delhi 110067, India
| | - Md. Zubbair Malik
- Special
Centre for Molecular Medicine, Jawaharlal
Nehru University, New Delhi 110067, India
| | - Raja Singh
- Special
Centre for Molecular Medicine, Jawaharlal
Nehru University, New Delhi 110067, India
| | - Pooja Yadav
- Special
Centre for Molecular Medicine, Jawaharlal
Nehru University, New Delhi 110067, India
| | - Vibha Tandon
- Special
Centre for Molecular Medicine, Jawaharlal
Nehru University, New Delhi 110067, India
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17
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Rajagopal A, Biddulph J, Tabrizi L, Fitzgerald-Hughes D, Pryce MT. Photoactive organometallic compounds as antimicrobial agents. ADVANCES IN INORGANIC CHEMISTRY 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.adioch.2022.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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18
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19
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Abdou SN. Ultrasonic Assisted Nano-structures of Novel Organotin Supramolecular Coordination Polymers as Potent Antitumor Agents. J Inorg Organomet Polym Mater 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s10904-021-02055-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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20
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Zhang H, Tian L, Xiao R, Zhou Y, Zhang Y, Hao J, Liu Y, Wang J. Anticancer effect evaluation in vitro and in vivo of iridium(III) polypyridyl complexes targeting DNA and mitochondria. Bioorg Chem 2021; 115:105290. [PMID: 34426145 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2021.105290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2021] [Revised: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
To investigate the antitumor effect of iridium complexes, three iridium (III) complexes [Ir(ppy)2(dcdppz)]PF6 (ppy = 2-phenylpyridine, dcdppz = 11,12-dichlorodipyrido[3,2-a:2',3'-c]phenazine) (Ir1), [Ir(bzq)2(dcdppz)]PF6 (bzq = benzo[h]quinoline) (Ir2) and [Ir(piq)2(dcdppz)]PF6 (piq = 1-phenylisoquinoline) (Ir3) were synthesized and characterized. Geometry optimization, molecular dynamics simulation and docking studies have been performed to further explore the antitumor mechanism. The cytotoxicity of Ir1-3 toward cancer cells was studied by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) method. The localization of complexes Ir1-3 in the mitochondria, intracellular accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, the changes of mitochondrial membrane potential and morphological changes in apoptosis were investigated. Flow cytometry was applied to quantify fluorescence intensity and determine cell cycle distribution. Western blotting was used to detect the expression of apoptosis-related proteins. The anti-tumor effect of Ir1 in vivo was evaluated. The results showed that Ir1-3 had high cytotoxicity to most tumor cells, especially to SGC-7901 cells with a low IC50 value. Ir1-3 can increase the intracellular ROS levels, reduce the mitochondrial membrane potential. Additionally, the complexes induce an increase of apoptosis-related protein expression, enhance the percentage of apoptosis. The complexes inhibit the cell proliferation at G0/G1 phase. The results obtained from antitumor in vivo indicate that Ir1 can significantly inhibit the growth of tumors with an inhibitory rate of 54.08%. The docking studies show that complexes Ir1-3 interact with DNA through minor-groove intercalation, which increases the distance of DNA base pairs, leading to a change of DNA helix structure. These experimental and theoretical findings indicate that complexes Ir1-3 can induce apoptosis in SGC-7901 cells through the mitochondrial dysfunction and DNA damage pathways, and then exerting anti-tumor activity in vitro and vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiwen Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Li Tian
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Rongxing Xiao
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Yi Zhou
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Yuanyuan Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Jing Hao
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Yunjun Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, PR China.
| | - Juping Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, PR China.
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21
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Leesakul N, Kullawanichaiyanan K, Mutić S, Guzsvány V, Nhukeaw T, Ratanaphan A, Saithong S, Konno T, Sirimahachai U, Promarak V. A photoactive iridium(III) complex with 3-methyl-2-phenyl pyridine and 1,1-bis(diphenylphosphino)methane: Synthesis, structural characterization and cytotoxicity in breast cancer cells. J COORD CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/00958972.2021.1949585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nararak Leesakul
- Division of Physical Science and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Hat-Yai, Thailand
| | - Keerati Kullawanichaiyanan
- Division of Physical Science and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Hat-Yai, Thailand
| | - Sanja Mutić
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Environmental Protection, Faculty of Sciences, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Valéria Guzsvány
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Environmental Protection, Faculty of Sciences, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Tidarat Nhukeaw
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Thailand
| | - Adisorn Ratanaphan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Thailand
| | - Saowanit Saithong
- Division of Physical Science and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Hat-Yai, Thailand
| | - Takumi Konno
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
| | - Uraiwan Sirimahachai
- Division of Physical Science and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Hat-Yai, Thailand
| | - Vinich Promarak
- Department Materials Science and Engineering, School of Molecular Science and Engineering, Vidyasirimedhi Institute of Science and Technology, Wangchan, Thailand
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22
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Yang Q, Fusè M, Bloino J, Barone V. Interplay of stereo-electronic, vibronic and environmental effects in tuning the chiroptical properties of an Ir(III) cyclometalated N-heterocyclic carbene. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2021; 254:119631. [PMID: 33761386 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2021.119631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2020] [Revised: 02/11/2021] [Accepted: 02/14/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Chiroptical spectra are among the most suitable techniques for investigating the ground and excited electronic states of chiral systems, but their interpretation is not straightforward and strongly benefits from quantum chemical simulations, provided that the employed computational model is sufficiently accurate and deals properly with stereo-electronic, vibrational averaging and environmental effects. Since the synergy among all these effects is only rarely accounted for, especially for large and flexible organometallic systems, the main aim of this contribution is to illustrate the latest developments of computational approaches rooted into the density functional theory for describing stereo-electronic effects and complemented by effective techniques to deal with vibrational modulation effects and solvatochromic shifts. In this connection, chiral iridium complexes offer an especially suitable case study in view of their bright phosphorescence, which is particularly significant for building effective light emitting diodes (OLEDs) and biomarkers and can be finely tuned by the nature of the metal ligands. For instance, a recently synthesized family of cycloiridiated complexes, KC and KD, bearing a pentahelicenic N-heterocyclic carbene (KB), has shown an enhanced long-lasting, bright phosphorescence. Deeper insights into the still unclear nature and origin of the enhancement could be gained by the interpretation of the chiroptical spectra, which is quite challenging in view of the presence of two sources of chirality, the chiral center on Ir and the chiral axis related to the helicene ligand, in addition to the relativistic effects related to the presence of the Ir center. At the same time, the large dimensions of KC and KD hamper the use of the most sophisticated (but prohibitively expensive) computational models, so that more approximate approaches must be validated on a suitable model compound. To this end, after optimizing the computational scheme on a model system devoid of the helicene moiety (KA), we have performed a comprehensive investigation of the KC and KD spectra, whose interpretation is further aided by novel graphical tools. The discussion and analysis of the results will not be focused on the theoretical background, but, rather, on practical details (specific functional, basis set, vibronic model, solvent regime) with the aim of providing general guidelines for the use of last-generation computational spectroscopy tools also by non-specialists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Yang
- Scuola Normale Superiore, Piazza dei Cavalieri 7, I-56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Marco Fusè
- Scuola Normale Superiore, Piazza dei Cavalieri 7, I-56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Julien Bloino
- Scuola Normale Superiore, Piazza dei Cavalieri 7, I-56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Barone
- Scuola Normale Superiore, Piazza dei Cavalieri 7, I-56126 Pisa, Italy.
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23
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Saleh DI, Mahmoud SF, Etaiw SEH. Nanoscale supramolecular architectures assembly of copper cyanide, organotin, and 1,10‐phenanthroline coordination polymers: Design and biological applications. Appl Organomet Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/aoc.6247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dalia I. Saleh
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science Taif University Taif Saudi Arabia
| | - Samy F. Mahmoud
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Science Taif University Taif Saudi Arabia
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25
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Calori IR, Bi H, Tedesco AC. Expanding the Limits of Photodynamic Therapy: The Design of Organelles and Hypoxia-Targeting Nanomaterials for Enhanced Photokilling of Cancer. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2021; 4:195-228. [PMID: 35014281 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.0c00945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a minimally invasive clinical protocol that combines a nontoxic photosensitizer (PS), appropriate visible light, and molecular oxygen for cancer treatment. This triad generates reactive oxygen species (ROS) in situ, leading to different cell death pathways and limiting the arrival of nutrients by irreversible destruction of the tumor vascular system. Despite the number of formulations and applications available, the advancement of therapy is hindered by some characteristics such as the hypoxic condition of solid tumors and the limited energy density (light fluence) that reaches the target. As a result, the use of PDT as a definitive monotherapy for cancer is generally restricted to pretumor lesions or neoplastic tissue of approximately 1 cm in size. To expand this limitation, researchers have synthesized functional nanoparticles (NPs) capable of carrying classical photosensitizers with self-supplying oxygen as well as targeting specific organelles such as mitochondria and lysosomes. This has improved outcomes in vitro and in vivo. This review highlights the basis of PDT, many of the most commonly used strategies of functionalization of smart NPs, and their potential to break the current limits of the classical protocol of PDT against cancer. The application and future perspectives of the multifunctional nanoparticles in PDT are also discussed in some detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Italo Rodrigo Calori
- Department of Chemistry, Center of Nanotechnology and Tissue Engineering, Photobiology and Photomedicine Research Group, Faculty of Philosophy, Sciences and Letters of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo-Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo 14040-901, Brazil
| | - Hong Bi
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Anhui Key Laboratory of Modern Biomanufacturing, Anhui University, 111 Jiulong Road, Hefei 230601, China
| | - Antonio Claudio Tedesco
- Department of Chemistry, Center of Nanotechnology and Tissue Engineering, Photobiology and Photomedicine Research Group, Faculty of Philosophy, Sciences and Letters of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo-Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo 14040-901, Brazil.,School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Anhui Key Laboratory of Modern Biomanufacturing, Anhui University, 111 Jiulong Road, Hefei 230601, China
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26
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Petrović AZ, Ćoćić DC, Bockfeld D, Živanović M, Milivojević N, Virijević K, Janković N, Scheurer A, Vraneš M, Bogojeski JV. Biological activity of bis(pyrazolylpyridine) and terpiridine Os( ii) complexes in the presence of biocompatible ionic liquids. Inorg Chem Front 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d0qi01540g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
New bis(pyrazolylpyridine) Os(ii) complexes showing possible biological activity with diverse modes of action in the presence of biocompatible ionic liquids as non-toxic cosolvents for sparingly soluble complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Dušan C. Ćoćić
- University of Kragujevac
- Faculty of Science
- 34000 Kragujevac
- Serbia
| | - Dirk Bockfeld
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie
- Technische Universität Braunschweig
- 38106 Braunschweig
- Germany
| | - Marko Živanović
- University of Kragujevac
- Institute for Information Technologies Kragujevac
- Department of Science
- 34000 Kragujevac
- Serbia
| | - Nevena Milivojević
- University of Kragujevac
- Institute for Information Technologies Kragujevac
- Department of Science
- 34000 Kragujevac
- Serbia
| | - Katarina Virijević
- University of Kragujevac
- Institute for Information Technologies Kragujevac
- Department of Science
- 34000 Kragujevac
- Serbia
| | - Nenad Janković
- University of Kragujevac
- Institute for Information Technologies Kragujevac
- Department of Science
- 34000 Kragujevac
- Serbia
| | - Andreas Scheurer
- Inorganic Chemistry
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy
- University of Erlangen-Nürnberg
- 91058 Erlangen
- Germany
| | - Milan Vraneš
- Department of Chemistry
- Biochemistry and Environmental Protection University of Novi Sad
- Faculty of Science
- 21000 Novi Sad
- Serbia
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27
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Pujante-Galián MA, Pérez SA, Montalbán MG, Carissimi G, Fuster MG, Víllora G, García G. p-Cymene Complexes of Ruthenium(II) as Antitumor Agents. Molecules 2020; 25:E5063. [PMID: 33142775 PMCID: PMC7662397 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25215063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2020] [Accepted: 10/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
In this work, the cytotoxic behavior of six ruthenium(II) complexes of stoichiometry [(η6-p-cymene)RuCl2L] (I-VI), L = 4-cyanopyridine (I), 2-aminophenol (II), 4-aminophenol (III), pyridazine (IV), and [(η6-p-cymene)RuClL2]PF6; L = cyanopyridine (V), L = 2-aminophenol(VI) towards three cell lines was studied. Two of them, HeLa and MCF-7, are human carcinogenic cells from cervical carcinoma and human breast cancer, respectively. A comparison with healthy cells was carried out with BGM cells which are monkey epithelial cells of renal origin. The behavior of complex II exhibits selectivity towards healthy cells, which is a promising feature for use in cancer treatment since it might reduce the side effects of most current therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Angeles Pujante-Galián
- Inorganic Chemistry Department, Faculty of Chemistry, Regional Campus of International Excellence “Campus Mare Nostrum”, University of Murcia, 30071 Murcia, Spain; (M.A.P.-G.); (G.G.)
| | - Sergio A. Pérez
- Chemical Engineering Department, Faculty of Chemistry, Regional Campus of International Excellence “Campus Mare Nostrum”, University of Murcia, 30071 Murcia, Spain; (S.A.P.); (G.C.); (M.G.F.); (G.V.)
| | - Mercedes G. Montalbán
- Chemical Engineering Department, Faculty of Chemistry, Regional Campus of International Excellence “Campus Mare Nostrum”, University of Murcia, 30071 Murcia, Spain; (S.A.P.); (G.C.); (M.G.F.); (G.V.)
| | - Guzmán Carissimi
- Chemical Engineering Department, Faculty of Chemistry, Regional Campus of International Excellence “Campus Mare Nostrum”, University of Murcia, 30071 Murcia, Spain; (S.A.P.); (G.C.); (M.G.F.); (G.V.)
| | - Marta G. Fuster
- Chemical Engineering Department, Faculty of Chemistry, Regional Campus of International Excellence “Campus Mare Nostrum”, University of Murcia, 30071 Murcia, Spain; (S.A.P.); (G.C.); (M.G.F.); (G.V.)
| | - Gloria Víllora
- Chemical Engineering Department, Faculty of Chemistry, Regional Campus of International Excellence “Campus Mare Nostrum”, University of Murcia, 30071 Murcia, Spain; (S.A.P.); (G.C.); (M.G.F.); (G.V.)
| | - Gabriel García
- Inorganic Chemistry Department, Faculty of Chemistry, Regional Campus of International Excellence “Campus Mare Nostrum”, University of Murcia, 30071 Murcia, Spain; (M.A.P.-G.); (G.G.)
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28
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Bertrand B, Gontard G, Botuha C, Salmain M. Pincer‐Based Heterobimetallic Pt(II)/Ru(II), Pt(II)/Ir(III), and Pt(II)/Cu(I) Complexes: Synthesis and Evaluation of Antiproliferative Properties. Eur J Inorg Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.202000717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Benoît Bertrand
- CNRS, Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire (IPCM) Sorbonne Université 75005 Paris France
| | - Geoffrey Gontard
- CNRS, Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire (IPCM) Sorbonne Université 75005 Paris France
| | - Candice Botuha
- CNRS, Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire (IPCM) Sorbonne Université 75005 Paris France
| | - Michèle Salmain
- CNRS, Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire (IPCM) Sorbonne Université 75005 Paris France
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29
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Geri S, Krunclova T, Janouskova O, Panek J, Hruby M, Hernández‐Valdés D, Probst B, Alberto RA, Mamat C, Kubeil M, Stephan H. Light-Activated Carbon Monoxide Prodrugs Based on Bipyridyl Dicarbonyl Ruthenium(II) Complexes. Chemistry 2020; 26:10992-11006. [PMID: 32700815 PMCID: PMC7496190 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202002139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Two photoactivatable dicarbonyl ruthenium(II) complexes based on an amide-functionalised bipyridine scaffold (4-position) equipped with an alkyne functionality or a green-fluorescent BODIPY (boron-dipyrromethene) dye have been prepared and used to investigate their light-induced decarbonylation. UV/Vis, FTIR and 13 C NMR spectroscopies as well as gas chromatography and multivariate curve resolution alternating least-squares analysis (MCR-ALS) were used to elucidate the mechanism of the decarbonylation process. Release of the first CO molecule occurs very quickly, while release of the second CO molecule proceeds more slowly. In vitro studies using two cell lines A431 (human squamous carcinoma) and HEK293 (human embryonic kidney cells) have been carried out in order to characterise the anti-proliferative and anti-apoptotic activities. The BODIPY-labelled compound allows for monitoring the cellular uptake, showing fast internalisation kinetics and accumulation at the endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stepan Geri
- Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer ResearchHelmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-RossendorfBautzner Landstrasse 40001328DresdenGermany
| | - Tereza Krunclova
- Department of Biological ModelsInstitute of Macromolecular ChemistryHeyrovsky Square 216206PragueCzech Republic
| | - Olga Janouskova
- Department of Biological ModelsInstitute of Macromolecular ChemistryHeyrovsky Square 216206PragueCzech Republic
| | - Jiri Panek
- Supramolecular Polymer SystemsInstitute of Macromolecular ChemistryHeyrovsky Square 216206PragueCzech Republic
| | - Martin Hruby
- Supramolecular Polymer SystemsInstitute of Macromolecular ChemistryHeyrovsky Square 216206PragueCzech Republic
| | | | - Benjamin Probst
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of ZurichWinterthurerstr. 1908057ZurichSwitzerland
| | - Roger A. Alberto
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of ZurichWinterthurerstr. 1908057ZurichSwitzerland
| | - Constantin Mamat
- Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer ResearchHelmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-RossendorfBautzner Landstrasse 40001328DresdenGermany
| | - Manja Kubeil
- Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer ResearchHelmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-RossendorfBautzner Landstrasse 40001328DresdenGermany
| | - Holger Stephan
- Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer ResearchHelmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-RossendorfBautzner Landstrasse 40001328DresdenGermany
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30
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Rao RN, Panchangam RL, Manickam V, Balamurali MM, Chanda K. Synthesis and Antitumor Activity Evaluation of Cyclometalated
2H‐
Indazole Ruthenium(II) and Iridium(III) Complexes. Chempluschem 2020; 85:1800-1812. [DOI: 10.1002/cplu.202000516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2020] [Revised: 07/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ramdas Nishanth Rao
- Department of ChemistrySchool of Advanced ScienceVellore Institute of Technology Vellore 632014 India
| | - Rajeeva Lochana Panchangam
- Department of BiosciencesSchool of Biosciences and TechnologyVellore Institute of Technology Vellore 632014 India
| | - Venkatraman Manickam
- Department of BiosciencesSchool of Biosciences and TechnologyVellore Institute of Technology Vellore 632014 India
| | - Musuvathi Motilal Balamurali
- Chemistry DivisionSchool of Advanced SciencesVellore Institute of Technology Chennai Campus Chennai 600127 India
| | - Kaushik Chanda
- Department of ChemistrySchool of Advanced ScienceVellore Institute of Technology Vellore 632014 India
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31
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Jiang GB, Zhang WY, He M, Gu YY, Bai L, Wang YJ, Yi QY, Du F. Development of four ruthenium polypyridyl complexes as antitumor agents: Design, biological evaluation and mechanism investigation. J Inorg Biochem 2020; 208:111104. [PMID: 32485635 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2020.111104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2020] [Revised: 05/04/2020] [Accepted: 05/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Ruthenium complexes are expected to be new opportunities for the development of antitumor agents. Herein, four ruthenium polypyridyl complexes ([Ru(bpy)2(CAPIP)](ClO4)2 (Ru(II)-1, bpy = 2,2'-bipyridine; CAPIP = (E)-2-(2-(furan-2-yl)vinyl)-1H-imidazo[4,5-f][1,10]phenanthroline), [Ru(phen)2(CA-PIP)](ClO4)2 (Ru(II)-2, phen = 1,10-phenanthroline), [Ru(dmb)2(CAPIP)](ClO4)2 (Ru(II)-3, dmb = 4,4'-dimethyl-2,2'-bipyridine), [Ru(dmb)2(ETPIP)](ClO4)2 (Ru(II)-4, ETPIP = 2-(4-(thiophen-2-ylethynyl)phenyl)-1H-imidazo[4,5-f][1,10]phen-anthroline)) have been investigated as mitochondria-targeted antitumor metallodrugs. DNA binding studies indicated that target Ru(II) complexes interacts with CT DNA (calf thymus DNA) by an intercalative mode. Cytotoxicity assay results demonstrate that Ru(II) complexes show high cytotoxicity against A549 cells with low IC50 value of 23.6 ± 2.3, 20.1 ± 1.9, 22.7 ± 1.8 and 18.4 ± 2.3 μM, respectively. Flow cytometry and morphological analysis revealed that these Ru(II) complexes can induce apoptosis in A549 cells. Intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) and mitochondrial membrane potential were also investigated by ImageXpress Micro XLS system. The experimental results indicate that the reactive oxygen species in A549 cells increased significantly and mitochondrial membrane potential decreased obviously. In addition, colocalization studies shown these complexes could get to the cytoplasm through the cell membrane and accumulate in the mitochondria. Furthermore, Ru(II) complexes can effectively induces cell cycle arrest at the S phase in A549 cells. Finally, cell invasion assay and quantitative studies were also performed to investigate the mechanism of this process. All in together, this study suggested that these Ru(II) complexes could induce apoptosis in A549 cells through cell cycle arrest and ROS-mediated mitochondrial dysfunction pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guang-Bin Jiang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Electrochemical and Magnetochemical Function Materials, College of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541004, China.
| | - Wen-Yao Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Miao He
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yi-Ying Gu
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Lan Bai
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yang-Jie Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Qiao-Yan Yi
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Fan Du
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
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32
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Chen ZL, Zou BQ, Qin QP, Wang ZF, Tan MX, Huang XL, Liang CJ, Liang H. Cyclometallated iridium(III)-5-bromo-8-quinolinol complexes as mitochondria-targeted anticancer agents. INORG CHEM COMMUN 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.inoche.2020.107854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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33
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Bian Y, Qu X, Chan KS. Base-Promoted C–O Bond Cleavage of Primary Alcohols by Iridium(III) Porphyrin Chloride. Organometallics 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.0c00100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yongjun Bian
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jinzhong University, Yuci 030619, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xingyu Qu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jinzhong University, Yuci 030619, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Kin Shing Chan
- Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, People’s Republic of China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210046, People’s Republic of China
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34
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Carrasco AC, Rodríguez-Fanjul V, Habtemariam A, Pizarro AM. Structurally Strained Half-Sandwich Iridium(III) Complexes As Highly Potent Anticancer Agents. J Med Chem 2020; 63:4005-4021. [PMID: 32207946 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.9b02000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Six complexes of formula [Ir(η5:κ1-C5Me4CH2py)(C,N)]PF6, where C5Me4CH2py is 2-((2,3,4,5-tetramethylcyclopentadienyl)methyl)pyridine, and C,N is 2-phenylpyridine (1), 7,8-benzoquinoline (2), 1-phenylisoquinoline (3), 2-(p-tolyl)pyridine (4), 4-chloro-2-phenylquinoline (5), or 2-(2,4-difluorophenyl)pyridine (6), have been synthesized. The cyclopentadienyl ligand bears a tethered pyridine that binds to the metal center, resulting in an Ir(η5:κ1-C5Me4CH2pyN) tether-ring structure, as confirmed by the X-ray crystal structures of 1, 2, 4, 5, and 6. Nontether versions of 1 and 2 were synthesized to aid unambiguous correlation between structure and activity. While nontether complexes are highly potent toward MCF7 cancer cells (similar to cisplatin), complexes bearing the tether-ring structure, 1-6, are exceptionally more potent (1-2 orders of magnitude). Additionally, 1-6 disrupt mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm) and induce oxidative stress. Internalization studies strongly correlate intracellular accumulation and anticancer activity in tether and nontether complexes. We present a new class of organo-iridium drug candidates bearing a structural feature that results in a leap in anticancer potency.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Abraha Habtemariam
- IMDEA Nanociencia, Faraday 9, 28049 Madrid, Spain.,Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill Road, Coventry CV4 7AL, U.K
| | - Ana M Pizarro
- IMDEA Nanociencia, Faraday 9, 28049 Madrid, Spain.,Unidad Asociada de Nanobiotecnología CNB-CSIC-IMDEA, 28049 Madrid, Spain
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35
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Chiu CKC, Lam YPY, Wootton CA, Barrow MP, Sadler PJ, O'Connor PB. Metallocomplex-Peptide Interactions Studied by Ultrahigh Resolution Mass Spectrometry. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2020; 31:594-601. [PMID: 31967804 DOI: 10.1021/jasms.9b00054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The OsII arene anticancer complex [(η6-bip)Os(en)Cl]+ (Os1-Cl; where bip = biphenyl and en = ethylenediamine) binds strongly to DNA1 and biomolecules. Here we investigate the interaction between Os1-Cl and the model protein, BSA, using ultrahigh resolution Fourier transform-ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FT-ICR MS). The specific binding location of Os1 on BSA was investigated with the use of collisionally activated dissociation (CAD) and electron capture dissociation (ECD). CAD MS/MS was found to dissociate the osmium complex from the metallo-peptide complex readily producing unmodified fragments and losing location information. ECD MS/MS, however, successfully retains the osmium modification on the peptides upon fragmentation allowing localization of metallocomplex binding. This study reveals that lysine is a possible binding location for Os1-Cl, apart from the expected binding sites at methionine, histidine, and cysteine. Using a nano liquid chromatography (nLC)-FT-ICR ECD MS/MS study, multiple binding locations, including the N-terminus and C-terminus of digested peptides, glutamic acid, and lysine were also revealed. These results show the multitargeting binding ability of the organo-osmium compound and can be used as a standard workflow for more complex systems, e.g., metallocomplex-cell MS analysis, to evaluate their behavior toward commonly encountered biomolecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cookson K C Chiu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill Road, Coventry CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
| | - Yuko P Y Lam
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill Road, Coventry CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
| | - Christopher A Wootton
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill Road, Coventry CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
| | - Mark P Barrow
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill Road, Coventry CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
| | - Peter J Sadler
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill Road, Coventry CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
| | - Peter B O'Connor
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill Road, Coventry CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
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36
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Meng T, Qin QP, Chen ZL, Zou HH, Wang K, Liang FP. Cyclometalated Ir(III)-8-oxychinolin complexes acting as red-colored probes for specific mitochondrial imaging and anticancer drugs. Eur J Med Chem 2020; 192:112192. [PMID: 32146374 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2020.112192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2020] [Revised: 02/13/2020] [Accepted: 02/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
A new class of luminescent IrIII antitumor agents, namely, [Ir(CP1)(PY1)2] (Ir-1), [Ir(CP1)(PY2)2] (Ir-2), [Ir(CP1)(PY4)2] (Ir-3), [Ir(CP2)(PY1)2] (Ir-4), [Ir(CP2)(PY4)2] (Ir-5), [Ir(CP3)(PY1)2]⋅CH3OH (Ir-6), [Ir(CP4)(PY4)2]⋅CH3OH (Ir-7), [Ir(CP5)(PY2)2] (Ir-8), [Ir(CP5)(PY4)2]⋅CH3OH (Ir-9), [Ir(CP6)(PY1)2] (Ir-10), [Ir(CP6)(PY2)2]⋅CH3OH (Ir-11), [Ir(CP6)(PY3)2] (Ir-12), [Ir(CP6)(PY41)2] (Ir-13), and [Ir(CP7)(PY1)2] (Ir-14), supported by 8-oxychinolin derivatives and 1-phenylpyrazole ligands was prepared. Compared with SK-OV-3/DDP and HL-7702 cells, the Ir-1-Ir-14 compounds exhibited half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) values within the high nanomolar range (50 nM-10.99 μM) in HeLa cells. In addition, Ir-1 and Ir-3 accumulated and stained the mitochondrial inner membrane of HeLa cells with high selectivity and exhibited a high antineoplastic activity in the entire cervical HeLa cells, with IC50 values of 1.22 ± 0.36 μM and 0.05 ± 0.04 μM, respectively. This phenomenon induced mitochondrial dysfunction, suggesting that these cyclometalated IrIII complexes can be potentially used in biomedical imaging and Ir(III)-based anticancer drugs. Furthermore, the high cytotoxicity activity of Ir-3 is correlated with the 1-phenylpyrazole (H-PY4) secondary ligands in the luminescent IrIII antitumor complex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Meng
- State Key Laboratory for the Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, School of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Guangxi Normal University, 15 Yucai Road, Guilin, 541004, PR China
| | - Qi-Pin Qin
- State Key Laboratory for the Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, School of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Guangxi Normal University, 15 Yucai Road, Guilin, 541004, PR China; Guangxi Key Lab of Agricultural Resources Chemistry and Biotechnology, College of Chemistry and Food Science, Yulin Normal University, 1303 Jiaoyudong Road, Yulin, 537000, PR China.
| | - Zi-Lu Chen
- State Key Laboratory for the Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, School of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Guangxi Normal University, 15 Yucai Road, Guilin, 541004, PR China
| | - Hua-Hong Zou
- State Key Laboratory for the Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, School of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Guangxi Normal University, 15 Yucai Road, Guilin, 541004, PR China.
| | - Kai Wang
- State Key Laboratory for the Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, School of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Guangxi Normal University, 15 Yucai Road, Guilin, 541004, PR China; Guangxi Key Laboratory of Electrochemical and Magnetochemical Functional Materials, College of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, 541004, China
| | - Fu-Pei Liang
- State Key Laboratory for the Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, School of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Guangxi Normal University, 15 Yucai Road, Guilin, 541004, PR China; Guangxi Key Laboratory of Electrochemical and Magnetochemical Functional Materials, College of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, 541004, China.
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37
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38
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Qin LQ, Zou BQ, Qin QP, Wang ZF, Yang L, Tan MX, Liang CJ, Liang H. Highly cytotoxic, cyclometalated iridium(iii)-5-fluoro-8-quinolinol complexes as cancer cell mitochondriotropic agents. NEW J CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0nj00465k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Ir-3 and Ir-4 kill HeLa cells and trigger caspase-mediated mitochondrial dysfunction apoptosis pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Qin Qin
- Guangxi Key Lab of Agricultural Resources Chemistry and Biotechnology
- School of Chemistry and Food Science
- Yulin Normal University
- 1303 Jiaoyudong Road
- Yulin 537000
| | - Bi-Qun Zou
- State Key Laboratory for the Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources
- School of Chemistry and Pharmacy
- Guangxi Normal University, 15 Yucai Road
- Guilin 541004
- P. R. China
| | - Qi-Pin Qin
- Guangxi Key Lab of Agricultural Resources Chemistry and Biotechnology
- School of Chemistry and Food Science
- Yulin Normal University
- 1303 Jiaoyudong Road
- Yulin 537000
| | - Zhen-Feng Wang
- Guangxi Key Lab of Agricultural Resources Chemistry and Biotechnology
- School of Chemistry and Food Science
- Yulin Normal University
- 1303 Jiaoyudong Road
- Yulin 537000
| | - Lin Yang
- Guangxi Key Lab of Agricultural Resources Chemistry and Biotechnology
- School of Chemistry and Food Science
- Yulin Normal University
- 1303 Jiaoyudong Road
- Yulin 537000
| | - Ming-Xiong Tan
- Guangxi Key Lab of Agricultural Resources Chemistry and Biotechnology
- School of Chemistry and Food Science
- Yulin Normal University
- 1303 Jiaoyudong Road
- Yulin 537000
| | - Chun-Jie Liang
- Guangxi Key Lab of Agricultural Resources Chemistry and Biotechnology
- School of Chemistry and Food Science
- Yulin Normal University
- 1303 Jiaoyudong Road
- Yulin 537000
| | - Hong Liang
- State Key Laboratory for the Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources
- School of Chemistry and Pharmacy
- Guangxi Normal University, 15 Yucai Road
- Guilin 541004
- P. R. China
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39
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Kozieł S, Komarnicka UK, Ziółkowska A, Skórska-Stania A, Pucelik B, Płotek M, Sebastian V, Bieńko A, Stochel G, Kyzioł A. Anticancer potency of novel organometallic Ir(iii) complexes with phosphine derivatives of fluoroquinolones encapsulated in polymeric micelles. Inorg Chem Front 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0qi00538j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
A 3D model of cell culturing (spheroids) was explored and the anticancer potential of the selected novel organometallic Ir(iii) complex encapsulated in Pluronic p-123 micelles was clearly proved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Kozieł
- Faculty of Chemistry
- University of Wroclaw
- 50-383 Wroclaw
- Poland
| | | | | | | | - Barbara Pucelik
- Małopolska Centre of Biotechnology
- Jagiellonian University
- Kraków
- Poland
| | - Michał Płotek
- Faculty of Chemistry
- Jagiellonian University in Krakow
- 30-387 Krakow
- Poland
- Faculty of Conservation and Restoration of Works of Art
| | - Victor Sebastian
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- Aragon Institute of Nanoscience (INA)
- The Aragón Materials Science Institute (ICMA)
- University of Zaragoza
- 50018 Zaragoza
| | - Alina Bieńko
- Faculty of Chemistry
- University of Wroclaw
- 50-383 Wroclaw
- Poland
| | - Grażyna Stochel
- Faculty of Chemistry
- Jagiellonian University in Krakow
- 30-387 Krakow
- Poland
| | - Agnieszka Kyzioł
- Faculty of Chemistry
- Jagiellonian University in Krakow
- 30-387 Krakow
- Poland
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40
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Abstract
Platinum-group (PG) complexes have been used as antibacterial and anticancer agents since the discovery of cisplatin. The science world still requires improvement on these complexes because of multidrug and antineoplastic resistances. This review observes discoverers and history of these platinum-group metals (PGMs), as well as their beneficial applications. The focus of this study was biological applications of PGMs in relation to human health. Sandwich and half-sandwich PGM coordination compounds and their metal nanoparticles give improved results for biological activities by enhancing efficient delivery of both antibacterial and anticancer drugs, as well as luminescent bioimaging (biomarkers) for biological identifications.
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41
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Rubio AR, Fidalgo J, Martin-Vargas J, Pérez-Arnaiz C, Alonso-Torre SR, Biver T, Espino G, Busto N, García B. Biological activity and photocatalytic properties of a naphthyl-imidazo phenanthroline (HNAIP) ligand and its [Ir(ppy) 2(HNAIP)]Cl and [Rh(ppy) 2(HNAIP)]Cl complexes. J Inorg Biochem 2019; 203:110885. [PMID: 31731049 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2019.110885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2019] [Revised: 10/07/2019] [Accepted: 10/07/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The synthesized 2-(hydroxy-1-naphtyl)imidazo-[4,5-f][1,10]phenanthroline (HNAIP) ligand and its new iridium ([Ir(ppy)2(HNAIP)]Cl) and rhodium ([Rh(ppy)2(HNAIP)]Cl) complexes, being ppy = 2-phenylpiridinate, show cytotoxic effects in SW480 (colon adenocarcinoma) and A549 (epithelial lung adenocarcinoma) cells. They all are cytotoxic in the tested cell lines. HNAIP and [Rh(ppy)2(HNAIP)]+ are the most cytotoxic, whereas [Ir(ppy)2(HNAIP)]+ displays negligible cytotoxicity towards A549 cells and moderate activity towards SW480. The interaction of all three compounds with Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA), l-glutathione reduced (GSH), nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH) and DNA was studied to explain the differences found in terms of cytotoxicity. None of them are able to interact with BSA, thus excluding bioavailability due to plasma protein interaction as the possible differentiating factor in their biological activity. By contrast, small differences have been observed regarding DNA interaction. In addition, taking advantage of the emission properties of these molecules, they have been visualized in the cytoplasmic region of A549 cells. Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) experiments show, in turn, that the internalization ability follow the sequence [Rh(ppy)2(HNAIP)]+ > [Ir(ppy)2(HNAIP)]+ > cisplatin. Therefore, it seems clear that the cellular uptake by tumour cells is the key factor affecting the different cytotoxicity of the metal complexes and that this cellular uptake is influenced by the hydrophobicity of the studied complexes. On the other hand, preliminary catalytic experiments performed on the photo-oxidation of GSH and some amino acids such as l-methionine (Met), l-cysteine (Cys) and l-tryptophan (Trp) provide evidence for the photocatalytic activity of the Ir(III) complex in this type of reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana R Rubio
- Departamento de Química, Universidad de Burgos, Plaza Misael Bañuelos s/n, 09001 Burgos, Spain
| | - Jairo Fidalgo
- Departamento de Química, Universidad de Burgos, Plaza Misael Bañuelos s/n, 09001 Burgos, Spain
| | - Judit Martin-Vargas
- Departamento de Química, Universidad de Burgos, Plaza Misael Bañuelos s/n, 09001 Burgos, Spain
| | - Cristina Pérez-Arnaiz
- Departamento de Química, Universidad de Burgos, Plaza Misael Bañuelos s/n, 09001 Burgos, Spain
| | - Sara R Alonso-Torre
- Departamento de Biotecnología y Ciencia de los Alimentos, Universidad de Burgos, Plaza Misael Bañuelos s/n, 09001 Burgos, Spain
| | - Tarita Biver
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale, Università di Pisa, Via Moruzzi 13, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Gustavo Espino
- Departamento de Química, Universidad de Burgos, Plaza Misael Bañuelos s/n, 09001 Burgos, Spain
| | - Natalia Busto
- Departamento de Química, Universidad de Burgos, Plaza Misael Bañuelos s/n, 09001 Burgos, Spain
| | - Begoña García
- Departamento de Química, Universidad de Burgos, Plaza Misael Bañuelos s/n, 09001 Burgos, Spain.
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42
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Azmanova M, Soldevila-Barreda J, Bani Hani H, Lord RM, Pitto-Barry A, Picksley SM, Barry NPE. Anticancer Activity of Electron-Deficient Metal Complexes against Colorectal Cancer in vitro Models. ChemMedChem 2019; 14:1887-1893. [PMID: 31545555 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.201900528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2019] [Revised: 09/17/2019] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
An evaluation of the in vitro cytotoxicity of nine electron-deficient half-sandwich metal complexes towards two colorectal cancer cell lines (HCT116 p53+/+, HCT116 p53-/-) and one normal prostate cell line (PNT2) is presented herein. Three complexes were found to be equally cytotoxic towards both colorectal cancer cell lines, suggesting a p53-independent mechanism of action. These complexes are 12 to 34× more potent than cisplatin against HCT116 p53+/+ and HCT116 p53-/- cells. Furthermore, they were found to exhibit little or no cytotoxicity towards PNT2 normal cells, with selectivity ratios greater than 50. To gain an insight into the potential mechanisms of action of the most active compounds, their effects on the expression levels of a panel of genes were measured using qRT-PCR against treated HCT116 p53+/+ and HCT116 p53-/- cells, and cell-cycle analysis was carried out.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Azmanova
- School of Chemistry and Biosciences, University of Bradford, Richmond Road, BD7 1DP, Bradford, UK
| | - Joan Soldevila-Barreda
- School of Chemistry and Biosciences, University of Bradford, Richmond Road, BD7 1DP, Bradford, UK
| | - Hira Bani Hani
- School of Chemistry and Biosciences, University of Bradford, Richmond Road, BD7 1DP, Bradford, UK
| | - Rianne M Lord
- School of Chemistry and Biosciences, University of Bradford, Richmond Road, BD7 1DP, Bradford, UK
| | - Anaïs Pitto-Barry
- School of Chemistry and Biosciences, University of Bradford, Richmond Road, BD7 1DP, Bradford, UK
| | - Steven M Picksley
- School of Chemistry and Biosciences, University of Bradford, Richmond Road, BD7 1DP, Bradford, UK
| | - Nicolas P E Barry
- School of Chemistry and Biosciences, University of Bradford, Richmond Road, BD7 1DP, Bradford, UK
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43
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Liu X, Hao H, Ge X, He X, Liu Y, Wang Y, Wang H, Shao M, Jing Z, Tian L, Liu Z. Triphenylamine-appended cyclometallated iridium(III) complexes: Preparation, photophysical properties and application in biology/luminescence imaging. J Inorg Biochem 2019; 199:110757. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2019.110757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2019] [Revised: 06/18/2019] [Accepted: 06/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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44
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45
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Organometallic Compounds and Metal Complexes in Current and Future Treatments of Inflammatory Bowel Disease and Colorectal Cancer-a Critical Review. Biomolecules 2019; 9:biom9090398. [PMID: 31443436 PMCID: PMC6770552 DOI: 10.3390/biom9090398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2019] [Revised: 08/04/2019] [Accepted: 08/14/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years, there has been a significant increase in the clinical use of organometallic compounds and metal complexes for therapeutic purposes including treatment of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD). Their action is based on the inhibition of the inflow of pro-inflammatory cytokines, the elimination of free radicals or the modulation of intestinal microbiota. In addition, these compounds are intended for use in the diagnosis and treatment of colorectal cancer (CRC) which is often a consequence of IBD. The aim of this study is to critically discuss recent findings on the use of organometallic compounds and metal complexes in the treatment of IBD and CRC and suggest future trends in drug design.
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46
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Corrales Sánchez V, Nieto-Jiménez C, Castro-Osma JA, de Andrés F, Pacheco-Liñán PJ, Bravo I, Rodríguez Fariñas N, Niza E, Domínguez-Jurado E, Lara-Sánchez A, Ríos Á, Gómez Juárez M, Montero JC, Pandiella A, Shafir A, Alonso-Moreno C, Ocaña A. Screening and Preliminary Biochemical and Biological Studies of [RuCl( p-cymene)( N, N-bis(diphenylphosphino)-isopropylamine)][BF 4] in Breast Cancer Models. ACS OMEGA 2019; 4:13005-13014. [PMID: 31460427 PMCID: PMC6704442 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.9b00296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2019] [Accepted: 06/26/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Breast cancer is the second leading cause of cancer death worldwide. Despite progress in drug discovery, identification of the correct population is the limiting factor to develop new compounds in the clinical setting. Therefore, the aim of this study is to evaluate the effects of a new metallodrug, [RuCl(p-cymene)(N,N-bis(diphenylphosphino)-isopropylamine)][BF4] (pnpRu-14), as a lead pnp-Ru compound by screening and preliminary biochemical and biological studies in different breast cancer subtypes. The results show that complex pnpRu-14 is much more effective in promoting in vitro cytotoxic effects on HER2+ and RH+/HER2- breast cancer than the reference metallodrugs cisplatin, carboplatin, or RAPTA-C. It is important to highlight that pnpRu-14 shows an impressive cytotoxicity against BT474 cells. Caspase-dependent apoptosis is the mechanism of action for these compounds. In addition, treatment of SKBR3, BT474, T47D, and MCF7 cancer cells with pnpRu-14 caused an accumulation of cells in the G0/G1 phase cells. The human serum albumin, DNA, and H1 histones binding properties of the lead compound are reported. Pharmacokinetic and biodistribution studies show a quick absorption of pnpRu-14 in serum with no significant accumulation in any of the tested organs. This work provides evidence to support the preclinical and clinical development of pnpRu-14 in breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronica Corrales Sánchez
- Oncología
traslacional and CIBERONC, Unidad de Investigación del Complejo
Hospitalario Universitario de Albacete, 02006 Albacete, Spain
| | - Cristina Nieto-Jiménez
- Oncología
traslacional and CIBERONC, Unidad de Investigación del Complejo
Hospitalario Universitario de Albacete, 02006 Albacete, Spain
- Oncología
traslacional, Centro Regional de Investigaciones
Biomédicas, Dpto. Inorgánica, Orgánica y Bioquímica, Facultad
de Farmacia de Albacete, Dpto. Química Analítica y Tecnología
de Alimentos, Facultad de Farmacia de Albacete, Instituto Regional de Investigación
Científica Aplicada IRICA, and Dpto. Química Física,
Facultad de Farmacia de Albacete, UCLM, 02006 Albacete, Spain
| | - José Antonio Castro-Osma
- Oncología
traslacional, Centro Regional de Investigaciones
Biomédicas, Dpto. Inorgánica, Orgánica y Bioquímica, Facultad
de Farmacia de Albacete, Dpto. Química Analítica y Tecnología
de Alimentos, Facultad de Farmacia de Albacete, Instituto Regional de Investigación
Científica Aplicada IRICA, and Dpto. Química Física,
Facultad de Farmacia de Albacete, UCLM, 02006 Albacete, Spain
| | - Fernando de Andrés
- Oncología
traslacional, Centro Regional de Investigaciones
Biomédicas, Dpto. Inorgánica, Orgánica y Bioquímica, Facultad
de Farmacia de Albacete, Dpto. Química Analítica y Tecnología
de Alimentos, Facultad de Farmacia de Albacete, Instituto Regional de Investigación
Científica Aplicada IRICA, and Dpto. Química Física,
Facultad de Farmacia de Albacete, UCLM, 02006 Albacete, Spain
| | - Pedro J. Pacheco-Liñán
- Oncología
traslacional, Centro Regional de Investigaciones
Biomédicas, Dpto. Inorgánica, Orgánica y Bioquímica, Facultad
de Farmacia de Albacete, Dpto. Química Analítica y Tecnología
de Alimentos, Facultad de Farmacia de Albacete, Instituto Regional de Investigación
Científica Aplicada IRICA, and Dpto. Química Física,
Facultad de Farmacia de Albacete, UCLM, 02006 Albacete, Spain
| | - Iván Bravo
- Oncología
traslacional, Centro Regional de Investigaciones
Biomédicas, Dpto. Inorgánica, Orgánica y Bioquímica, Facultad
de Farmacia de Albacete, Dpto. Química Analítica y Tecnología
de Alimentos, Facultad de Farmacia de Albacete, Instituto Regional de Investigación
Científica Aplicada IRICA, and Dpto. Química Física,
Facultad de Farmacia de Albacete, UCLM, 02006 Albacete, Spain
| | - Nuria Rodríguez Fariñas
- Dpto.
Química Analítica, Facultad de Ciencias Ambientales
y Bioquímicas de Toledo, UCLM, 45071 Toledo, Spain
| | - Enrique Niza
- Oncología
traslacional, Centro Regional de Investigaciones
Biomédicas, Dpto. Inorgánica, Orgánica y Bioquímica, Facultad
de Farmacia de Albacete, Dpto. Química Analítica y Tecnología
de Alimentos, Facultad de Farmacia de Albacete, Instituto Regional de Investigación
Científica Aplicada IRICA, and Dpto. Química Física,
Facultad de Farmacia de Albacete, UCLM, 02006 Albacete, Spain
| | - Elena Domínguez-Jurado
- Oncología
traslacional and CIBERONC, Unidad de Investigación del Complejo
Hospitalario Universitario de Albacete, 02006 Albacete, Spain
- Oncología
traslacional, Centro Regional de Investigaciones
Biomédicas, Dpto. Inorgánica, Orgánica y Bioquímica, Facultad
de Farmacia de Albacete, Dpto. Química Analítica y Tecnología
de Alimentos, Facultad de Farmacia de Albacete, Instituto Regional de Investigación
Científica Aplicada IRICA, and Dpto. Química Física,
Facultad de Farmacia de Albacete, UCLM, 02006 Albacete, Spain
| | - Agustín Lara-Sánchez
- Oncología
traslacional, Centro Regional de Investigaciones
Biomédicas, Dpto. Inorgánica, Orgánica y Bioquímica, Facultad
de Farmacia de Albacete, Dpto. Química Analítica y Tecnología
de Alimentos, Facultad de Farmacia de Albacete, Instituto Regional de Investigación
Científica Aplicada IRICA, and Dpto. Química Física,
Facultad de Farmacia de Albacete, UCLM, 02006 Albacete, Spain
| | - Ángel Ríos
- Oncología
traslacional, Centro Regional de Investigaciones
Biomédicas, Dpto. Inorgánica, Orgánica y Bioquímica, Facultad
de Farmacia de Albacete, Dpto. Química Analítica y Tecnología
de Alimentos, Facultad de Farmacia de Albacete, Instituto Regional de Investigación
Científica Aplicada IRICA, and Dpto. Química Física,
Facultad de Farmacia de Albacete, UCLM, 02006 Albacete, Spain
- Dpto.
Química Analítica y Tecnología de Alimentos, Facultad de Ciencias
y Tecnologías Químicas de Ciudad Real, UCLM, 13005 Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - Mónica Gómez Juárez
- Oncología
traslacional and CIBERONC, Unidad de Investigación del Complejo
Hospitalario Universitario de Albacete, 02006 Albacete, Spain
| | - Juan Carlos Montero
- Centro
de Investigación del Cáncer-CSIC, IBSAL-Salamanca and
CIBERONC, 37007 Salmanca, Spain
| | - Atanasio Pandiella
- Centro
de Investigación del Cáncer-CSIC, IBSAL-Salamanca and
CIBERONC, 37007 Salmanca, Spain
| | - Alexandr Shafir
- Department
of Biological Chemistry, Institute
of Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia, IQAC-CSIC, c/Jordi Girona 18-26, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carlos Alonso-Moreno
- Oncología
traslacional, Centro Regional de Investigaciones
Biomédicas, Dpto. Inorgánica, Orgánica y Bioquímica, Facultad
de Farmacia de Albacete, Dpto. Química Analítica y Tecnología
de Alimentos, Facultad de Farmacia de Albacete, Instituto Regional de Investigación
Científica Aplicada IRICA, and Dpto. Química Física,
Facultad de Farmacia de Albacete, UCLM, 02006 Albacete, Spain
| | - Alberto Ocaña
- Oncología
traslacional and CIBERONC, Unidad de Investigación del Complejo
Hospitalario Universitario de Albacete, 02006 Albacete, Spain
- Hospital
Clinico San Carlos, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Oncología
traslacional, Centro Regional de Investigaciones
Biomédicas, Dpto. Inorgánica, Orgánica y Bioquímica, Facultad
de Farmacia de Albacete, Dpto. Química Analítica y Tecnología
de Alimentos, Facultad de Farmacia de Albacete, Instituto Regional de Investigación
Científica Aplicada IRICA, and Dpto. Química Física,
Facultad de Farmacia de Albacete, UCLM, 02006 Albacete, Spain
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47
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Lord RM, McGowan PC. Organometallic Iridium Arene Compounds: The Effects of C-Donor Ligands on Anticancer Activity. CHEM LETT 2019. [DOI: 10.1246/cl.190179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rianne M. Lord
- School of Chemistry and Biosciences, University of Bradford, Bradford, BD7 1DP, U.K
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48
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Abstract
Background:
Since the serendipitous discovery of the antitumor activity of cisplatin
there has been a continuous surge in studies aimed at the development of new cytotoxic
metal complexes. While the majority of these complexes have been designed to interact with
nuclear DNA, other targets for anticancer metallodrugs attract increasing interest. In cancer
cells the mitochondrial metabolism is deregulated. Impaired apoptosis, insensitivity to antigrowth
signals and unlimited proliferation have been linked to mitochondrial dysfunction. It
is therefore not surprising that mitochondria have emerged as a major target for cancer therapy.
Mitochondria-targeting agents are able to bypass resistance mechanisms and to (re-) activate
cell-death programs.
Methods:
Web-based literature searching tools such as SciFinder were used to search for reports
on cytotoxic metal complexes that are taken up by the mitochondria and interact with
mitochondrial DNA or mitochondrial proteins, disrupt the mitochondrial membrane potential,
facilitate mitochondrial membrane permeabilization or activate mitochondria-dependent celldeath
signaling by unbalancing the cellular redox state. Included in the search were publications
investigating strategies to selectively accumulate metallodrugs in the mitochondria.
Results:
This review includes 241 references on antimitochondrial metal complexes, the use
of mitochondria-targeting carrier ligands and the formation of lipophilic cationic complexes.
Conclusion:
Recent developments in the design, cytotoxic potency, and mechanistic understanding
of antimitochondrial metal complexes, in particular of cyclometalated Au, Ru, Ir and
Pt complexes, Ru polypyridine complexes and Au-N-heterocyclic carbene and phosphine
complexes are summarized and discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Erxleben
- School of Chemistry, National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland
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49
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Xu Z, Zhang Y, Zhang S, Jia X, Zhong G, Yang Y, Du Q, Li J, Liu Z. Novel half-sandwich iridium OˆC (carbene)-Complexes: In vitro and in vivo tumor growth suppression and pro-apoptosis via ROS-mediated cross-talk between mitochondria and lysosomes. Cancer Lett 2019; 447:75-85. [DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2019.01.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2018] [Revised: 01/08/2019] [Accepted: 01/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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50
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Hearn JM, Hughes GM, Romero-Canelón I, Munro AF, Rubio-Ruiz B, Liu Z, Carragher NO, Sadler PJ. Pharmaco-genomic investigations of organo-iridium anticancer complexes reveal novel mechanism of action. Metallomics 2019; 10:93-107. [PMID: 29131211 DOI: 10.1039/c7mt00242d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Resistance to platinum drugs (used in >50% of cancer chemotherapies) is a clinical problem. Other precious metal complexes with distinct mechanisms of action might overcome this. Half-sandwich organometallic complexes containing arene or cyclopentadienyl (Cp) ligands show promise. We screened two iridium(iii) complexes [Ir(CpXbiph)(ppy)Cl] (ZL49, 1, ppy = phenylpyridine) and [Ir(CpXph)(azpyNMe2)Cl]PF6 (ZL109, 2, azpyNMe2 = N,N-dimethylphenylazopyridine) in 916 cancer cell lines from 28 tissue types. On average, complex 2 was 78× more potent than 1, 36× more active than cisplatin (CDDP), and strongly active (nanomolar) in patient-derived ovarian cancer cell lines. RNA sequencing of A2780 ovarian cells revealed upregulation of antioxidant responses (NRF2, AP-1) consistent with observed induction of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Protein microarrays, high content imaging and cell cycle analysis showed S/G2 arrest, and late-stage DNA damage response without p53 requirement. The triple-negative breast cancer cell line OCUB-M was highly sensitive to 2 as were cell lines with KIT mutations. Complex 2 exhibits a markedly different pattern of antiproliferative activity compared to the 253 drugs in the Sanger Cancer Genome database, but is most similar to osmium(ii) arene complexes which share the same azopyridine ligand. Redox modulation and DNA damage can provide a multi-targeting strategy, allowing compounds such as 2 to overcome cellular resistance to platinum anticancer drugs.
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