1
|
Lu W, Mu T, Ma Y, Gong L, Zhao L, Wang P, Bian Y. Chiral Molecular Rotors Based on Mixed (Phthalocyaninato)(Porphyrinato) Rare-Earth Triple-Decker Complexes. Inorg Chem 2025; 64:9322-9329. [PMID: 40293318 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.5c01188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/30/2025]
Abstract
The effective control over the rotary motions of molecular rotors still remains an enormous challenge. Herein, mixed (phthalocyaninato)(porphyrinato) rare-earth triple-decker complexes (R)-/(S)-Eu and (R)-/(S)-Y have been designed and investigated as a new type of molecular rotors with a phthalocyanine ligand as the rotator and a strapped bisporphyrin ligand as the stator. The rotational rates and thermodynamic parameters of the rotors were determined through variable-temperature 1H NMR experiments, revealing a higher rotational rate and a reduced rotational barrier for (R)-Y, in comparison to those of (R)-Eu. Variable-temperature CD experiments demonstrated that these chiral molecular rotors exhibited temperature-dependent chiroptical properties. Upon elevating the temperature, the reduction of CD intensity is closely related to the conformational perturbation involving the increased rotational rate. The DFT calculation results further elucidate that the increased rotational rate of the phthalocyanine rotator in (R)-Y can be attributed to the reduced steric interaction between the phthalocyanine rotator and the binaphthol linkage of the bisporphyrin stator owing to the diminished radius from Eu(III) to Y(III). Thus, effective control over the rotary motions can be realized by tuning the steric interactions involving adjustment of center metal ions in this new type of molecular rotors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenxin Lu
- College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266590, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Science and Application of Functional Molecular and Crystalline Materials, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Tiantian Mu
- College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266590, China
| | - Yunjin Ma
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, North China Electric Power University (Baoding), Baoding 071000, China
| | - Lei Gong
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Science and Application of Functional Molecular and Crystalline Materials, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Luyang Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Peng Wang
- College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266590, China
| | - Yongzhong Bian
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Science and Application of Functional Molecular and Crystalline Materials, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Boon-In S, Crespy D. Multiple-Temperature-Responsive Double- and Triple-Network Hydrogels. Macromol Rapid Commun 2025; 46:e2400859. [PMID: 39673342 DOI: 10.1002/marc.202400859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2024] [Revised: 12/04/2024] [Indexed: 12/16/2024]
Abstract
Temperature-responsive hydrogels which are reversibly activated attract much attention in the field of smart materials. Herein, double- and triple-network hydrogels exhibiting dual- or triple-volume transitions upon changes of temperature are fabricated. Interestingly, the incorporation of superhydrophilic polymer network leads to a significant difference swelling or shrinkage of the multiple-network hydrogels. Applications of such hydrogels are envisioned in soft robotics or for producing programmable reactors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Supissra Boon-In
- Department of Material Science and Engineering, School of Molecular Science and Engineering, Vidyasirimedhi Institute of Science and Technology (VISTEC), Rayong, 21210, Thailand
| | - Daniel Crespy
- Department of Material Science and Engineering, School of Molecular Science and Engineering, Vidyasirimedhi Institute of Science and Technology (VISTEC), Rayong, 21210, Thailand
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Mallon CJ, Hassani M, Osofsky EH, Familo SB, Fenlon EE, Tucker MJ. Unraveling Hydration Shell Dynamics and Viscosity Effects Around Cyanamide Probes via 2D IR Spectroscopy. J Am Chem Soc 2025; 147:7264-7273. [PMID: 39701978 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.4c12716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2024]
Abstract
Hydration dynamics and solvent viscosity play critical roles in the structure and function of biomolecules. An overwhelming body of evidence suggests that protein and membrane fluctuations are closely linked to solvent fluctuations. While extensive research exists on the use of vibrational probes to detect local interactions and solvent dynamics, fewer studies have explored how the behavior of these reporters changes in response to bulk viscosity. To address this gap, two-dimensional infrared spectroscopy (2D IR) was employed in this study to investigate the ultrafast hydration dynamics around a cyanamide (NCN) probe attached to a nucleoside, deoxycytidine, in aqueous solutions with varying glycerol content. The use of a small vibrational probe on a targeted nucleic acid offers the potential to capture more localized hydration dynamics than alternative methods. The time scales for the frequency correlation decays were found to increase linearly with bulk viscosity, ranging from 0.9 to 11.4 ps over viscosities of 0.96-49.1 cP. Additionally, molecular dynamics (MD) simulations were performed to model the local hydration dynamics around the NCN probe. Interestingly, increasing the glycerol content did not significantly alter the hydration of the deoxycytidine. The MD simulations further suggested that the NCN probe's frequency fluctuations were primarily influenced by the dynamics of water in the second solvation shell. Cage correlation functions, which measure the movement of water molecules in and out of the second solvation shell, exhibited decays that closely matched those of the frequency-fluctuation correlation function (FFCF). These findings offer new insights into hydration dynamics and the impact of viscosity on biological systems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christopher J Mallon
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada, Reno, 1664 N. Virginia Street, Reno, Nevada 89557, United States
| | - Majid Hassani
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada, Reno, 1664 N. Virginia Street, Reno, Nevada 89557, United States
| | - Ellia H Osofsky
- Department of Chemistry, Franklin & Marshall College, Lancaster, Pennsylvania 17604-3003, United States
| | - Savannah B Familo
- Department of Chemistry, Franklin & Marshall College, Lancaster, Pennsylvania 17604-3003, United States
| | - Edward E Fenlon
- Department of Chemistry, Franklin & Marshall College, Lancaster, Pennsylvania 17604-3003, United States
| | - Matthew J Tucker
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada, Reno, 1664 N. Virginia Street, Reno, Nevada 89557, United States
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Lu W, Mu T, Zhang Y, Chen B, Guo H, Zhao L, Wang P, Bian Y. A Photocontrolled Molecular Rotor Based on Azobenzene-Strapped Mixed (Phthalocyaninato)(Porphyrinato) Rare Earth Triple-Decker. Molecules 2025; 30:326. [PMID: 39860196 PMCID: PMC11767808 DOI: 10.3390/molecules30020326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2024] [Revised: 01/04/2025] [Accepted: 01/14/2025] [Indexed: 01/27/2025] Open
Abstract
Effectively regulating the rotary motions of molecular rotors through external stimuli poses a tremendous challenge. Herein, a new type of molecular rotor based on azobenzene-strapped mixed (phthalocyaninato)(porphyrinato) rare earth triple-decker complex Azo-1 is reported. Electronic absorption and 1H NMR spectra manifested the reversible isomerization of the rotor Azo-1 between the trans configuration and the cis configuration. The rotational behavior of phthalocyanine rotator in two configurations were investigated by VT-1H NMR experiments, and the results indicated that the phthalocyanine rotator possessed a smaller rotational energy barrier in the cis isomer than in the trans isomer, which was also supported by DFT calculations. This result demonstrates that the rotation of phthalocyanine rotator in (phthalocyaninato)(porphyrinato) rare earth triple-decker complex can be successfully modulated by photo-isomerization via altering irradiation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenxin Lu
- College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266590, China; (W.L.); (T.M.); (B.C.); (H.G.)
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Science and Application of Functional Molecular and Crystalline Materials, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Tiantian Mu
- College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266590, China; (W.L.); (T.M.); (B.C.); (H.G.)
| | - Yuehong Zhang
- School of Advanced Manufacturing, Guangdong University of Technology, Jieyang 522000, China;
| | - Bo Chen
- College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266590, China; (W.L.); (T.M.); (B.C.); (H.G.)
| | - Huantao Guo
- College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266590, China; (W.L.); (T.M.); (B.C.); (H.G.)
| | - Luyang Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China;
| | - Peng Wang
- College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266590, China; (W.L.); (T.M.); (B.C.); (H.G.)
| | - Yongzhong Bian
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Science and Application of Functional Molecular and Crystalline Materials, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Hicguet M, Mongin O, Leroux YR, Roisnel T, Berrée F, Trolez Y. Synthesis and Optoelectronic Properties of Threaded BODIPYs. ChemistryOpen 2024; 13:e202400196. [PMID: 39041684 PMCID: PMC12056918 DOI: 10.1002/open.202400196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2024] [Revised: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 07/24/2024] Open
Abstract
We report on the synthesis of two new threaded BODIPYs 5 and 6 in good yields using boron as a gathering atom and a macrocycle with a 2,2'-biphenol unit. In addition to usual techniques, they were characterized by X-ray crystallography. Their electrochemical and optical properties were investigated. In particular, both compounds are highly emissive with photoluminescence quantum yields of 54 and 81 % respectively. In addition, they both show a high photostability.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Matthieu Hicguet
- ISCR – UMR6226École Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de RennesCNRSISCR – UMR6226Univ RennesF-35000RennesFrance
| | - Olivier Mongin
- ISCR – UMR6226École Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de RennesCNRSISCR – UMR6226Univ RennesF-35000RennesFrance
| | - Yann R. Leroux
- ISCR – UMR6226École Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de RennesCNRSISCR – UMR6226Univ RennesF-35000RennesFrance
| | - Thierry Roisnel
- ISCR – UMR6226École Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de RennesCNRSISCR – UMR6226Univ RennesF-35000RennesFrance
| | - Fabienne Berrée
- ISCR – UMR6226École Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de RennesCNRSISCR – UMR6226Univ RennesF-35000RennesFrance
| | - Yann Trolez
- ISCR – UMR6226École Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de RennesCNRSISCR – UMR6226Univ RennesF-35000RennesFrance
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Yang B, Bai H, Li C, Zhang YM, Zhang SXA. Biomimetic Exploration and Reflection on Switchable Coordination and Narrow-Band Electrofluorochromic Devices. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 11:e2407219. [PMID: 39052882 PMCID: PMC11423134 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202407219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2024] [Revised: 07/15/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
Electrofluorochromic (EFC) materials and devices with controllable fluorescence properties show great application potential in advanced anticounterfeiting, information storage and display. However, the low color purity caused by the broad emission spectra and underperforming switching time of the existing EFC materials limit their application. Through biomimetic exploration and the study of reversible electrochemical responsive coordination reactions, boron-nitrogen embedded polyaromatics (B,N-PAHs) with narrow-band emission and high color purity have been successfully integrated into EFC systems, which also help to better understand the role of boron in biological activity. The EFC device achieve good performance containing quenching efficiency greater than 90% within short switching time (ton: 0.6 s, toff: 2.4 s), and nearly no performance change after 200 cycles test. Three primary color (red, green, and blue) EFC devices are successfully prepared. In addition, new phenomena are obtained and discussed in this biomimetic exploration of related boron reactions. The success and harvest of this exploration are expected to provide new ideas for optimizing properties and broadening applications of EFC materials. Moreover, it may provide ideas and reference significance for further exploring and understanding the function of boron compounds in biological systems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Baige Yang
- State Key Lab of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China
| | - Hengyuan Bai
- State Key Lab of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China
| | - Chenglong Li
- State Key Lab of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China
| | - Yu-Mo Zhang
- State Key Lab of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China
| | - Sean Xiao-An Zhang
- State Key Lab of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Li K, Xie W, Zhang M, Fu D, Hu DD, Yang P. Synthesis of a Multi-Stimulus Responsive RGB Fluorescent Organic Molecule Based on Dark Through-Bond Energy Transfer Mechanism. Chemistry 2024:e202402708. [PMID: 39136930 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202402708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2024] [Indexed: 10/18/2024]
Abstract
In this study, a novel multi-stimulus responsive RGB fluorescent organic molecule, RTPE-NH2, was designed and synthesized based on the combination of aggregation-induced emission tetraphenylethylene (TPE) luminophore and acid-responsive fluorescent molecular switch Rhodamine B. RTPE-NH2 exhibits aggregation-induced emission behavior, as well as UV irradiation-stimulus and acid-stimulus responsive fluorescence properties. It could emit orange-red (R), green(G), and blue(B) light in both solution and PMMA film under 365 nm excitation. The dark through-bond energy transfer (DTBET) mechanism was proposed and supported by control experiments and TD-DFT calculations. The synthesis and application of RTPE-NH2 could accelerate the development of organic smart materials with high sensitivity and excellent optical properties.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kuiliang Li
- School of Chemical and Blasting Engineering, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, Anhui, 232001, P. R. China
| | - Wenqiang Xie
- School of Chemical and Blasting Engineering, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, Anhui, 232001, P. R. China
| | - Minggui Zhang
- School of Chemical and Blasting Engineering, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, Anhui, 232001, P. R. China
| | - Dexin Fu
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, P. R. China
| | - Duo-Duo Hu
- School of Chemical and Blasting Engineering, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, Anhui, 232001, P. R. China
| | - Ping Yang
- School of Chemical and Blasting Engineering, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, Anhui, 232001, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Sun X, Bai JK, Yang YD, Zhu KL, Liang JQ, Wang XY, Xiang JF, Hao X, Liang TL, Guan AJ, Wu NN, Gong HY. Controlled interconversion of macrocyclic atropisomers via defined intermediates. Nat Commun 2024; 15:6559. [PMID: 39095340 PMCID: PMC11297318 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-50739-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2024] [Indexed: 08/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Macrocyclic conformations play a crucial role in regulating their properties. Our understanding of the determinants to control macrocyclic conformation interconversion is still in its infancy. Here we present a macrocycle, octamethyl cyclo[4](1,3-(4,6)-dimethylbenzene)[4]((4,6-benzene)(1,3-dicarboxylate) (OC-4), that can exist at 298 K as two stable atropisomers with C2v and C4v symmetry denoted as C2v-OC-4 and C4v-OC-4, respectively. Heating induces the efficient stepwise conversion of C2v- to C4v-OC-4 via a Cs-symmetric intermediate (Cs-OC-4). It differs from the typical transition state-mediated processes of simple C-C single bond rotations. Hydrolysis and further esterification with a countercation dependence promote the generation of C2v- and Cs-OC-4 from C4v-OC-4. In contrast to C2v-OC-4, C4v-OC-4 can bind linear guests to form pseudo-rotaxans, or bind C60 or C70 efficiently. The present study highlights the differences in recognition behavior that can result from conformational interconversion, as well as providing insights into the basic parameters that govern coupled molecular rotations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xin Sun
- College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, PR China
| | - Jin-Ku Bai
- College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, PR China
| | - Yu-Dong Yang
- College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, PR China
| | - Ke-Lin Zhu
- College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, PR China
| | - Jia-Qi Liang
- College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, PR China
| | - Xin-Yue Wang
- College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, PR China
| | - Jun-Feng Xiang
- Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, PR China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, PR China
| | - Xiang Hao
- Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, PR China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, PR China
| | - Tong-Ling Liang
- Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, PR China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, PR China
| | - Ai-Jiao Guan
- Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, PR China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, PR China
| | - Ning-Ning Wu
- Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, PR China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, PR China
| | - Han-Yuan Gong
- College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Codesal MD, David AHG, Santos CIM, Álvaro-Martins MJ, Maçôas E, Campaña AG, Blanco V. Curved Nanographenes as Stoppers in a [2]Rotaxane with Two-Photon Excited Emission. J Org Chem 2024; 89:9344-9351. [PMID: 38907714 PMCID: PMC11232015 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.4c00486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/24/2024]
Abstract
Heptagon-containing distorted nanographenes are used as stoppers for the capping of a [2]rotaxane through a Michael-type addition reaction to vinyl sulfone groups. These curved aromatics are bulky enough to prevent the disassembly of the rotaxane but also give emissive and nonlinear (two-photon absorption and emission) optical properties to the structure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marcos D Codesal
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Unidad de Excelencia de Química, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Granada, Avda. Fuente Nueva s/n, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - Arthur H G David
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Unidad de Excelencia de Química, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Granada, Avda. Fuente Nueva s/n, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - Carla I M Santos
- Centro de Química Estrutural and Institute of Molecular Sciences, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Maria J Álvaro-Martins
- Centro de Química Estrutural and Institute of Molecular Sciences, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Ermelinda Maçôas
- Centro de Química Estrutural and Institute of Molecular Sciences, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Araceli G Campaña
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Unidad de Excelencia de Química, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Granada, Avda. Fuente Nueva s/n, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - Victor Blanco
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Unidad de Excelencia de Química, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Granada, Avda. Fuente Nueva s/n, 18071 Granada, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Hicguet M, Verrieux L, Mongin O, Roisnel T, Berrée F, Fihey A, Le Guennic B, Trolez Y. Threading a Linear Molecule Through a Macrocycle Thanks to Boron: Optical Properties of the Threaded Species and Synthesis of a Rotaxane. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202318297. [PMID: 38270341 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202318297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Revised: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
Two BODIPYs and two boron β-diketonates were threaded through a macrocycle bearing a 2,2'-biphenol unit, showing thus the ability of boron to act as a gathering atom. The new threaded species were characterized by 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopy as well as by X-ray crystallography for one of them and their properties rationalized with quantum chemistry to unravel the vibronic contributions. The BODIPYs exhibited interesting fluorescence features with quantum yields up to 91 % and enhanced photostability compared to their non-threaded homologues. A rotaxane was synthesized using this threading strategy after stoppering and removing the boron with potassium hydroxide.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Matthieu Hicguet
- Univ Rennes, École Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes, CNRS, ISCR (Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes) - UMR6226, F-35000, Rennes, France
| | - Ludmilla Verrieux
- Univ Rennes, École Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes, CNRS, ISCR (Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes) - UMR6226, F-35000, Rennes, France
| | - Olivier Mongin
- Univ Rennes, École Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes, CNRS, ISCR (Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes) - UMR6226, F-35000, Rennes, France
| | - Thierry Roisnel
- Univ Rennes, École Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes, CNRS, ISCR (Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes) - UMR6226, F-35000, Rennes, France
| | - Fabienne Berrée
- Univ Rennes, École Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes, CNRS, ISCR (Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes) - UMR6226, F-35000, Rennes, France
| | - Arnaud Fihey
- Univ Rennes, École Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes, CNRS, ISCR (Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes) - UMR6226, F-35000, Rennes, France
| | - Boris Le Guennic
- Univ Rennes, École Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes, CNRS, ISCR (Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes) - UMR6226, F-35000, Rennes, France
| | - Yann Trolez
- Univ Rennes, École Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes, CNRS, ISCR (Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes) - UMR6226, F-35000, Rennes, France
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Baluna A, Dommaschk M, Groh B, Kassem S, Leigh DA, Tetlow DJ, Thomas D, Varela López L. Switched "On" Transient Fluorescence Output from a Pulsed-Fuel Molecular Ratchet. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:27113-27119. [PMID: 38047919 PMCID: PMC10722508 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c11290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Revised: 11/12/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
We report the synthesis and operation of a molecular energy ratchet that transports a crown ether from solution onto a thread, along the axle, over a fluorophore, and off the other end of the thread back into bulk solution, all in response to a single pulse of a chemical fuel (CCl3CO2H). The fluorophore is a pyrene residue whose fluorescence is normally prevented by photoinduced electron transfer (PET) to a nearby N-methyltriazolium group. However, crown ether binding to the N-methyltriazolium site inhibits the PET, switching on pyrene fluorescence under UV irradiation. Each pulse of fuel results in a single ratchet cycle of transient fluorescence (encompassing threading, transport to the N-methyltriazolium site, and then dethreading), with the onset of the fluorescent time period determined by the amount of fuel in each pulse and the end-point determined by the concentration of the reagents for the disulfide exchange reaction. The system provides a potential alternative signaling approach for artificial molecular machines that read symbols from sequence-encoded molecular tapes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrei
S. Baluna
- Department of Chemistry, University
of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL, U.K.
| | - Marcel Dommaschk
- Department of Chemistry, University
of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL, U.K.
| | - Burkhard Groh
- Department of Chemistry, University
of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL, U.K.
| | - Salma Kassem
- Department of Chemistry, University
of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL, U.K.
| | - David A. Leigh
- Department of Chemistry, University
of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL, U.K.
| | - Daniel J. Tetlow
- Department of Chemistry, University
of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL, U.K.
| | - Dean Thomas
- Department of Chemistry, University
of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL, U.K.
| | - Loli Varela López
- Department of Chemistry, University
of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL, U.K.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Sun Y, Liu L, Jiang L, Chen Y, Zhang H, Xu X, Liu Y. Unimolecular Chiral Stepping Inversion Machine. J Am Chem Soc 2023. [PMID: 37486147 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c04430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/25/2023]
Abstract
Intelligent molecular machines that are driven by light, electricity, and temperature have attracted considerable interest in the fields of chemistry, materials, and biology. Herein, a unimolecular chiral stepping inversion molecular machine (SIMM) was constructed by a coupling reaction between dibromo pillar[5]arene and a tetrathiafulvalene (TTF) derivative (PT3 and PT5). Compared with the longer aliphatic linker PT5, PT3 with a shorter aliphatic linker shows chiral stepping inversion, achieving chiral inversion under a two-electron redox potential. Benefiting from the successive reversible two-electron redox potential of TTF, the self-exclusion and self-inclusion conformational transformations of SIMM can proceed in two steps under redox, leading to the chirality step inversion in the pillar[5]arene core. Electrochemical experiments and circular dichroism (CD) spectra show that the redox processes can cause SIMM CD signaling to reversibly switch. More importantly, as the oxidant Fe(ClO4)3 was increased from 0.1 to 1 equiv, the CD spectral signal of SIMM disappeared at 1 equiv, and further addition of Fe(ClO4)3 resulted in the CD signal reversed from positive to negative at 309 nm, indicating that the chirality was reversed after chemical oxidation and reached a negative maximum with the addition of 2 equiv Fe(ClO4)3; thus, redox-triggered chiral stepping inversion was achieved. Furthermore, the chiral inversion can be restored to its original state after the addition of 2 equiv of reducing agent, sodium ascorbate. This work demonstrates unimolecular chiral stepping inversion, providing a new perspective on stimulus-responsive chirality in molecular machines.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yonghui Sun
- College of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P. R. China
| | - Lijuan Liu
- College of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P. R. China
| | - Linnan Jiang
- College of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P. R. China
| | - Yong Chen
- College of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P. R. China
| | - Hengyue Zhang
- College of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P. R. China
| | - Xiufang Xu
- College of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P. R. China
| | - Yu Liu
- College of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Zhang X, Adijiang A, Xiang D. A high-performance molecular switch fabricated by the two-dimensional van der Waals heterojunction. Natl Sci Rev 2023; 10:nwad131. [PMID: 37593154 PMCID: PMC10430790 DOI: 10.1093/nsr/nwad131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2023] [Revised: 05/01/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 08/19/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Xubin Zhang
- Institute of Modern Optics and Center of Single-Molecule Science, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Micro-scale Optical Information Science and Technology, Nankai University, China
| | - Adila Adijiang
- Institute of Modern Optics and Center of Single-Molecule Science, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Micro-scale Optical Information Science and Technology, Nankai University, China
| | - Dong Xiang
- Institute of Modern Optics and Center of Single-Molecule Science, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Micro-scale Optical Information Science and Technology, Nankai University, China
- TongLu FeiRan Garment-Nankai University Joint Laboratory, Nankai University, China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Smart Sensing Interdisciplinary Science Center, Nankai University, China
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Hum G, Phang SJI, Ong HC, León F, Quek S, Khoo YXJ, Li C, Li Y, Clegg JK, Díaz J, Stuparu MC, García F. Main Group Molecular Switches with Swivel Bifurcated to Trifurcated Hydrogen Bond Mode of Action. J Am Chem Soc 2023. [PMID: 37267593 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c12713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Artificial molecular machines have captured the full attention of the scientific community since Jean-Pierre Sauvage, Fraser Stoddart, and Ben Feringa were awarded the 2016 Nobel Prize in Chemistry. The past and current developments in molecular machinery (rotaxanes, rotors, and switches) primarily rely on organic-based compounds as molecular building blocks for their assembly and future development. In contrast, the main group chemical space has not been traditionally part of the molecular machine domain. The oxidation states and valency ranges within the p-block provide a tremendous wealth of structures with various chemical properties. Such chemical diversity─when implemented in molecular machines─could become a transformative force in the field. Within this context, we have rationally designed a series of NH-bridged acyclic dimeric cyclodiphosphazane species, [(μ-NH){PE(μ-NtBu)2PE(NHtBu)}2] (E = O and S), bis-PV2N2, displaying bimodal bifurcated R21(8) and trifurcated R31(8,8) hydrogen bonding motifs. The reported species reversibly switch their topological arrangement in the presence and absence of anions. Our results underscore these species as versatile building blocks for molecular machines and switches, as well as supramolecular chemistry and crystal engineering based on cyclophosphazane frameworks.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gavin Hum
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering & Biotechnology, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, 637371 Singapore, Singapore
| | - Si Jia Isabel Phang
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering & Biotechnology, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, 637371 Singapore, Singapore
| | - How Chee Ong
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering & Biotechnology, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, 637371 Singapore, Singapore
| | - Felix León
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering & Biotechnology, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, 637371 Singapore, Singapore
| | - Shina Quek
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering & Biotechnology, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, 637371 Singapore, Singapore
| | - Yi Xin Joycelyn Khoo
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering & Biotechnology, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, 637371 Singapore, Singapore
| | - Chenfei Li
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering & Biotechnology, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, 637371 Singapore, Singapore
| | - Yongxin Li
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering & Biotechnology, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, 637371 Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jack K Clegg
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, Cooper Road, St Lucia 4072, Queensland, Australia
| | - Jesús Díaz
- Departamento de Química Orgánica e Inorgánica, Facultad de Veterinaria Extremadura, Avda de la Universidad s/n, Cáceres 10003, Spain
| | - Mihaiela C Stuparu
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering & Biotechnology, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, 637371 Singapore, Singapore
| | - Felipe García
- Departamento de Química Orgánica e Inorgánica, Facultad de Química, Universidad de Oviedo, Julián Claveria 8, Oviedo 33006, Asturias, Spain
- School of Chemistry, Monash University, Clayton 3800, Victoria, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Cheng HB, Cao X, Zhang S, Zhang K, Cheng Y, Wang J, Zhao J, Zhou L, Liang XJ, Yoon J. BODIPY as a Multifunctional Theranostic Reagent in Biomedicine: Self-Assembly, Properties, and Applications. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2207546. [PMID: 36398522 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202207546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 42.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Revised: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
The use of boron dipyrromethene (BODIPY) in biomedicine is reviewed. To open, its synthesis and regulatory strategies are summarized, and inspiring cutting-edge work in post-functionalization strategies is highlighted. A brief overview of assembly model of BODIPY is then provided: BODIPY is introduced as a promising building block for the formation of single- and multicomponent self-assembled systems, including nanostructures suitable for aqueous environments, thereby showing the great development potential of supramolecular assembly in biomedicine applications. The frontier progress of BODIPY in biomedical application is thereafter described, supported by examples of the frontiers of biomedical applications of BODIPY-containing smart materials: it mainly involves the application of materials based on BODIPY building blocks and their assemblies in fluorescence bioimaging, photoacoustic imaging, disease treatment including photodynamic therapy, photothermal therapy, and immunotherapy. Lastly, not only the current status of the BODIPY family in the biomedical field but also the challenges worth considering are summarized. At the same time, insights into the future development prospects of biomedically applicable BODIPY are provided.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Bo Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, 15 North Third Ring Road, Beijing, 100029, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoqiao Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, 15 North Third Ring Road, Beijing, 100029, P. R. China
| | - Shuchun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, 15 North Third Ring Road, Beijing, 100029, P. R. China
| | - Keyue Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, 15 North Third Ring Road, Beijing, 100029, P. R. China
| | - Yang Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, 15 North Third Ring Road, Beijing, 100029, P. R. China
| | - Jiaqi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, 15 North Third Ring Road, Beijing, 100029, P. R. China
| | - Jing Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, 15 North Third Ring Road, Beijing, 100029, P. R. China
| | - Liming Zhou
- Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Surface and Interface Science, School of Material and Chemical Engineering, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Xing-Jie Liang
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology of China, No. 11, First North Road, Zhongguancun, Beijing, 100190, China
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510260, P. R. China
| | - Juyoung Yoon
- Department of Chemistry and Nanoscience, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, 03760, South Korea
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Khang TM, Nhien PQ, Cuc TTK, Weng CC, Wu CH, Wu JI, Hue BTB, Li YK, Lin HC. Dual and Sequential Locked/Unlocked Photochromic Effects on FRET Controlled Singlet Oxygen Processes by Contracted/Extended Forms of Diarylethene-Based [1]Rotaxane Nanoparticles. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023; 19:e2205597. [PMID: 36504441 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202205597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2022] [Revised: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Manipulations of singlet oxygen (1 O2 ) generations by the integration of both aggregation-induced emission luminogen (AIEgen) photosensitizer and photochromic moieties have diversified features in photodynamic therapy applications. Through Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) pathway to induce red PL emissions (at 595 nm) for 1 O2 productions, [1]rotaxane containing photosensitive tetraphenylethylene (TPE) donor and photochromic diarylethene (DAE) acceptor is introduced to achieve dual and sequential locked/unlocked photoswitching effects by pH-controlled shuttling of its contracted/extended forms. Interestingly, the UV-enabled DAE ring closure speeds follow the reversed trend of DAE self-constraint degree as: contracted < extended < noninterlocked forms in [1]rotaxane analogues, thus FRET processes can be adjusted in contracted/extended forms of [1]rotaxane upon UV irradiations. Accordingly, the contracted form of [1]rotaxane is FRET-OFF locked and inert to UV exposure due to the larger bending conformation of DAE parallel (p-)conformer, compared with its extended and noninterlocked analogues possessing switchable FRET-OFF/ON behaviors activated by dual and sequential pH- and photoswitching. Owing to the advantages of 1 O2 productions tuned by multistimuli inputs (pH, UV, and blue light), an useful logic circuit for toxicity outputs of the surface modified [1]rotaxane nanoparticles (NPs) has been demonstrated to offer promising 1 O2 productions and managements based on mechanically interlocked molecules for future bioapplications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Trang Manh Khang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, 300093, Taiwan
| | - Pham Quoc Nhien
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, 300093, Taiwan
- Department of Chemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Can Tho University, Can Tho City, 94000, Viet Nam
| | - Tu Thi Kim Cuc
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, 300093, Taiwan
| | - Chang-Ching Weng
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, 300093, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Hua Wu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, 300093, Taiwan
| | - Judy I Wu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Houston, Houston, TX, 77204, USA
| | - Bui Thi Buu Hue
- Department of Chemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Can Tho University, Can Tho City, 94000, Viet Nam
| | - Yaw-Kuen Li
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, 300093, Taiwan
- Center for Emergent Functional Matter Science, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, 300093, Taiwan
| | - Hong-Cheu Lin
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, 300093, Taiwan
- Center for Emergent Functional Matter Science, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, 300093, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Wagay SA, Khan L, Ali R. Recent Advancements in Ion-Pair Receptors. Chem Asian J 2023; 18:e202201080. [PMID: 36412231 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202201080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Revised: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Over the past two decades, non-covalent chemistry has introduced various promising artificial receptors and revolutionized the host-guest chemistry. These versatile receptors have particularly been entertained in sensing and recognizing of diverse neutral molecules and/or ionic entities (e. g. anions, cations and ion-pair) of particular interest. Notably, supramolecular chemistry had given birth to a plethora of important molecules, explored in the chemical, biological, environmental, and pharmacological world to resolve the critical issues related to the human health while keeping environmental concerns in mind. Amongst the various types of supramolecular monotopic receptors (anions, cations, and neutral molecules), heteroditopic receptors (ion-pair receptors) consisting of distinct binding sites in one system for both cation and anion, have gained much interest from the scientific community in recent past because of their unique binding abilities. Interestingly, these promising artificial receptors have shown potential applications in sensing, recognition, transport and extraction processes besides their uses in salt/waste purification. Bearing the importance of these systems in mind, we intended to report the recent developments in ion-pair chemistry. Herein, we divided the whole document into three main sections; first one describes the introduction and history of the ion-pairs receptors. The second portion highlights the synthesis and applications of ion-pair receptors in sensing, recognition, molecular machines, photoswitching behaviour, extraction and transport properties, whereas the last part of this manuscript provides concluding remarks as well as future prospects of ion-pair receptors. We hope that this manuscript will be helpful to stimulating researchers around the globe to find out the hidden opportunities in this and related areas.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shafieq Ahmad Wagay
- Organic and Supramolecular Functional Materials Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Jamia Millia Islamia, Okhla, New Delhi, 110025, India
| | - Lubna Khan
- Organic and Supramolecular Functional Materials Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Jamia Millia Islamia, Okhla, New Delhi, 110025, India
| | - Rashid Ali
- Organic and Supramolecular Functional Materials Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Jamia Millia Islamia, Okhla, New Delhi, 110025, India
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Shinozaki Y, Popov S, Plenio H. Fluorescent organometallic dyads and triads: establishing spatial relationships. Chem Sci 2023; 14:350-361. [PMID: 36687348 PMCID: PMC9811503 DOI: 10.1039/d2sc04869h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 12/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
FRET pairs involving up to three different Bodipy dyes are utilized to provide information on the assembly/disassembly of organometallic complexes. Azolium salts tagged with chemically robust and photostable blue or green or red fluorescent Bodipy, respectively, were synthesized and the azolium salts used to prepare metal complexes [(NHC_blue)ML], [(NHC_green)ML] and [(NHC_red)ML] (ML = Pd(allyl)Cl, IrCl(cod), RhCl(cod), AuCl, Au(NTf2), CuBr). The blue and the green Bodipy and the green and the red Bodipy, respectively, were designed to allow the formation of efficient FRET pairs with minimal cross-talk. Organometallic dyads formed from two subunits enable the transfer of excitation energy from the donor dye to the acceptor dye. The blue, green and red emission provide three information channels on the formation of complexes, which is demonstrated for alkyne or sulfur bridged digold species and for ion pairing of a red fluorescent cation and a green fluorescent anion. This approach is extended to probe an assembly of three different subunits. In such a triad, each component is tagged with either a blue, a green or a red Bodipy and the energy transfer blue →green → red proves the formation of the triad. The tagging of molecular components with robust fluorophores can be a general strategy in (organometallic) chemistry to establish connectivities for binuclear catalyst resting states and binuclear catalyst decomposition products in homogeneous catalysis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yoshinao Shinozaki
- Organometallic Chemistry, Technical University of DarmstadtAlarich-Weiss-Str. 1264287 DarmstadtGermany
| | - Stepan Popov
- Organometallic Chemistry, Technical University of DarmstadtAlarich-Weiss-Str. 1264287 DarmstadtGermany
| | - Herbert Plenio
- Organometallic Chemistry, Technical University of DarmstadtAlarich-Weiss-Str. 1264287 DarmstadtGermany
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Chen X, Chen H, Fraser Stoddart J. The Story of the Little Blue Box: A Tribute to Siegfried Hünig. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202211387. [PMID: 36131604 PMCID: PMC10099103 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202211387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
The tetracationic cyclophane, cyclobis(paraquat-p-phenylene), also known as the little blue box, constitutes a modular receptor that has facilitated the discovery of many host-guest complexes and mechanically interlocked molecules during the past 35 years. Its versatility in binding small π-donors in its tetracationic state, as well as forming trisradical tricationic complexes with viologen radical cations in its doubly reduced bisradical dicationic state, renders it valuable for the construction of various stimuli-responsive materials. Since the first reports in 1988, the little blue box has been featured in over 500 publications in the literature. All this research activity would not have been possible without the seminal contributions carried out by Siegfried Hünig, who not only pioneered the syntheses of viologen-containing cyclophanes, but also revealed their rich redox chemistry in addition to their ability to undergo intramolecular π-dimerization. This Review describes how his pioneering research led to the design and synthesis of the little blue box, and how this redox-active host evolved into the key component of molecular shuttles, switches, and machines.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao‐Yang Chen
- Department of ChemistryNorthwestern University2145 Sheridan RoadEvanstonIllinois 60208USA
| | - Hongliang Chen
- Stoddart Institute of Molecular ScienceDepartment of ChemistryZhejiang UniversityHangzhou310027China
- ZJU-Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation CenterHangzhou311215China
| | - J. Fraser Stoddart
- Department of ChemistryNorthwestern University2145 Sheridan RoadEvanstonIllinois 60208USA
- Stoddart Institute of Molecular ScienceDepartment of ChemistryZhejiang UniversityHangzhou310027China
- ZJU-Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation CenterHangzhou311215China
- School of ChemistryUniversity of New South WalesSydneyNSW 2052Australia
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Pecourneau J, Losantos R, Delova A, Bernhard Y, Parant S, Mourer M, Monari A, Pasc A. Biomimetic Photo-Switches Softening Model Lipid Membranes. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2022; 38:15642-15655. [PMID: 36469419 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.2c02425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
We report the synthesis and characterization of a novel photo-switch based on biomimetic cyclocurcumin analogous and interacting with the lipid bilayer, which can be used in the framework of oxygen-independent light-induced therapy. More specifically, by using molecular dynamics simulations and free energy techniques, we show that the inclusion of hydrophobic substituents is needed to allow insertion in the lipid membrane. After having confirmed experimentally that the substituents do not preclude the efficient photoisomerization, we show through UV-vis and dynamic light scattering measurements together with compression isotherms that the chromophore is internalized in both lipid vesicles and monomolecular film, respectively, inducing their fluidification. The irradiation of the chromophore-loaded lipid aggregates modifies their properties due to the different organization of the two diastereoisomers, E and Z. In particular, a competition between a fast structural reorganization and a slower expulsion of the chromophore after isomerization can be observed in the kinetic profiles recorded during E to Z photoisomerization. This report paves the way for future investigations in the optimization of biomimetic photoswitches potentially useful in modern light-induced therapeutic strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Raúl Losantos
- Université de Lorraine and CNRS, L2CM UMR 7053, F-5400Nancy, France
- Université de Lorraine, CNRS, LPCT UMR 7019, F-54000Nancy, France
- Université Paris Cité and CNRS, ITODYS, F-75006Paris, France
- Department of Chemistry, CISQ, Universidad de La Rioja, 26006Logroño, Spain
| | | | - Yann Bernhard
- Université de Lorraine and CNRS, L2CM UMR 7053, F-5400Nancy, France
| | - Stéphane Parant
- Université de Lorraine and CNRS, L2CM UMR 7053, F-5400Nancy, France
| | - Maxime Mourer
- Université de Lorraine and CNRS, L2CM UMR 7053, F-5400Nancy, France
| | - Antonio Monari
- Université de Lorraine, CNRS, LPCT UMR 7019, F-54000Nancy, France
- Université Paris Cité and CNRS, ITODYS, F-75006Paris, France
| | - Andreea Pasc
- Université de Lorraine and CNRS, L2CM UMR 7053, F-5400Nancy, France
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Wu P, Dharmadhikari B, Patra P, Xiong X. Rotaxane nanomachines in future molecular electronics. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2022; 4:3418-3461. [PMID: 36134345 PMCID: PMC9400518 DOI: 10.1039/d2na00057a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
As the electronics industry is integrating more and more new molecules to utilize them in logic circuits and memories to achieve ultra-high efficiency and device density, many organic structures emerged as promising candidates either in conjunction with or as an alternative to conventional semiconducting materials such as but not limited to silicon. Owing to rotaxane's mechanically interlocked molecular structure consisting of a dumbbell-shaped molecule threaded through a macrocycle, they could be excellent nanomachines in molecular switches and memory applications. As a nanomachine, the macrocycle of rotaxane can move reversibly between two stations along its axis under external stimuli, resulting in two stable molecular configurations known as "ON" and "OFF" states of the controllable switch with distinct resistance. There are excellent reports on rotaxane's structure, properties, and function relationship and its application to molecular electronics (Ogino, et al., 1984; Wu, et al., 1991; Bissell, et al., 1994; Collier, et al., 1999; Pease, et al., 2001; Chen, et al., 2003; Green, et al., 2007; Jia, et al., 2016). This comprehensive review summarizes [2]rotaxane and its application to molecular electronics. This review sorts the major research work into a multi-level pyramid structure and presents the challenges of [2]rotaxane's application to molecular electronics at three levels in developing molecular circuits and systems. First, we investigate [2]rotaxane's electrical characteristics with different driving methods and discuss the design considerations and roles based on voltage-driven [2]rotaxane switches that promise the best performance and compatibility with existing solid-state circuits. Second, we examine the solutions for integrating [2]rotaxane molecules into circuits and the limitations learned from these devices keep [2]rotaxane active as a molecular switch. Finally, applying a sandwiched crossbar structure and architecture to [2]rotaxane circuits reduces the fabrication difficulty and extends the possibility of reprogrammable [2]rotaxane arrays, especially at a system level, which eventually promotes the further realization of [2]rotaxane circuits.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Peiqiao Wu
- Department of Computer Science and Computer Engineering, University of Bridgeport Bridgeport CT USA
| | - Bhushan Dharmadhikari
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering and Technology, Minnesota State University Mankato MN USA
| | - Prabir Patra
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Mechanical Engineering, University of Bridgeport Bridgeport CT USA
| | - Xingguo Xiong
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Engineering, University of Bridgeport Bridgeport CT USA
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Roy I, David AHG, Das PJ, Pe DJ, Stoddart JF. Fluorescent cyclophanes and their applications. Chem Soc Rev 2022; 51:5557-5605. [PMID: 35704949 DOI: 10.1039/d0cs00352b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
With the serendipitous discovery of crown ethers by Pedersen more than half a century ago and the subsequent introduction of host-guest chemistry and supramolecular chemistry by Cram and Lehn, respectively, followed by the design and synthesis of wholly synthetic cyclophanes-in particular, fluorescent cyclophanes, having rich structural characteristics and functions-have been the focus of considerable research activity during the past few decades. Cyclophanes with remarkable emissive properties have been investigated continuously over the years and employed in numerous applications across the field of science and technology. In this Review, we feature the recent developments in the chemistry of fluorescent cyclophanes, along with their design and synthesis. Their host-guest chemistry and applications related to their structure and properties are highlighted.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Indranil Roy
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, USA.
| | - Arthur H G David
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, USA.
| | - Partha Jyoti Das
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, USA.
| | - David J Pe
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, USA.
| | - J Fraser Stoddart
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, USA. .,School of Chemistry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia.,Stoddart Institute of Molecular Science, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310021, China.,ZJU-Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center Hangzhou, 311215, China
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Patalag LJ, Hoche J, Mitric R, Werz DB, Feringa BL. Transforming Dyes into Fluorophores: Exciton-Induced Emission with Chain-like Oligo-BODIPY Superstructures. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202116834. [PMID: 35244983 PMCID: PMC9310714 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202116834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Herein we present a systematic study demonstrating to which extent exciton formation can amplify fluorescence based on a series of ethylene-bridged oligo-BODIPYs. A set of non- and weakly fluorescent BODIPY motifs was selected and transformed into discrete, chain-like oligomers by linkage via a flexible ethylene tether. The prepared superstructures constitute excitonically active entities with non-conjugated, Coulomb-coupled oscillators. The non-radiative deactivation channels of Internal Conversion (IC), also combined with an upstream reductive Photoelectron Transfer (rPET) and Intersystem Crossing (ISC) were addressed at the monomeric state and the evolution of fluorescence and (non-)radiative decay rates studied along the oligomeric series. We demonstrate that a "masked" fluorescence can be fully reactivated irrespective of the imposed conformational rigidity. This work challenges the paradigm that a collective fluorescence enhancement is limited to sterically induced motional restrictions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lukas J. Patalag
- University of GroningenStratingh Institute for ChemistryNijenborgh 49747 AGGroningenThe Netherlands
| | - Joscha Hoche
- Universität WürzburgInstitute of Physical and Theoretical ChemistryAm Hubland97074WürzburgGermany
| | - Roland Mitric
- Universität WürzburgInstitute of Physical and Theoretical ChemistryAm Hubland97074WürzburgGermany
| | - Daniel B. Werz
- Technische Universität BraunschweigInstitute of Organic ChemistryHagenring 3038106BraunschweigGermany
| | - Ben L. Feringa
- University of GroningenStratingh Institute for ChemistryNijenborgh 49747 AGGroningenThe Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Park S, Lee J, Jeong H, Bae S, Kang J, Moon D, Park J. Multi-stimuli-engendered radical-anionic MOFs: Visualization of structural transformation upon radical formation. Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chempr.2022.03.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
|
25
|
Pramanik S, Mahato P, Pramanik U, Nandy A, Khamari L, Shrivastava S, Rai S, Mukherjee S. DNA-Templated Modulation in the Photophysical Properties of a Fluorescent Molecular Rotor Auramine O by Varying the DNA Composition. J Phys Chem B 2022; 126:2658-2668. [PMID: 35357836 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.2c00172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
This work delineates an integrative approach combining spectroscopic and computational studies to decipher the association-induced fluorescence properties of a fluorescent molecular rotor, viz., auramine O (AuO), after interacting with 20-mer duplex DNA having diverse well-matched base pairs. While exploring the scarcely explored sequence-dependent interaction mechanism of AuO and DNA, we observed that DNA could act as a conducive scaffold to the formation of AuO dimer through noncovalent interactions at lower molecular density. The photophysical properties of AuO depend on the nucleotide compositions as described from sequence-dependent shifting in the emission and absorption maxima. Furthermore, we explored such DNA base pair-dependent fluorescence spectral characteristics of AuO toward discriminating the thermodynamically most stable single nucleotide mismatch in a 20-mer sequence. Our results are interesting and could be useful in developing analogues with further enhanced emission properties toward mismatched DNA sequences.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Srikrishna Pramanik
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal, Bhopal Bypass Road, Bhopal 462 066, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Paritosh Mahato
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal, Bhopal Bypass Road, Bhopal 462 066, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Ushasi Pramanik
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal, Bhopal Bypass Road, Bhopal 462 066, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Atanu Nandy
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal, Bhopal Bypass Road, Bhopal 462 066, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Laxmikanta Khamari
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal, Bhopal Bypass Road, Bhopal 462 066, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Shivam Shrivastava
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal, Bhopal Bypass Road, Bhopal 462 066, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Saurabh Rai
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal, Bhopal Bypass Road, Bhopal 462 066, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Saptarshi Mukherjee
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal, Bhopal Bypass Road, Bhopal 462 066, Madhya Pradesh, India
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Patalag LJ, Hoche J, Mitric R, Werz DB, Feringa BL. Transforming Dyes Into Fluorophores: Exciton‐Induced Emission with Chain‐like Oligo‐BODIPY Superstructures. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202116834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lukas J. Patalag
- University of Groningen: Rijksuniversiteit Groningen Stratingh Institute for Chemistry NETHERLANDS
| | - Joscha Hoche
- Universität Würzburg: Julius-Maximilians-Universitat Wurzburg Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry GERMANY
| | - Roland Mitric
- Universität Würzburg: Julius-Maximilians-Universitat Wurzburg Institute of Theoretical and Physical Chemistry GERMANY
| | - Daniel B. Werz
- TU Braunschweig: Technische Universitat Braunschweig Institute for Organic Chemistry GERMANY
| | - Ben L Feringa
- University of Groningen Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering Nijenborgh 4 9747 AG Groningen NETHERLANDS
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Cao Z, Wu D, Li M, Yang F, Li Z, An W, Jiang S, Zheng X, Niu C, Qu D. An acid-base responsive linear-cyclic polymer rotaxane molecular shuttle with fluorescence signal output. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2021.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
|
28
|
Li X, David AHG, Zhang L, Song B, Jiao Y, Sluysmans D, Qiu Y, Wu Y, Zhao X, Feng Y, Mosca L, Stoddart JF. Fluorescence Quenching by Redox Molecular Pumping. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:3572-3579. [PMID: 35179889 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c12480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Artificial molecular pumps (AMPs), inspired by the active cellular transport exhibited in biological systems, enable cargoes to undergo unidirectional motion, courtesy of molecular ratchet mechanisms in the presence of energy sources. Significant progress has been achieved, using alternatively radical interactions and Coulombic repulsive forces to create working AMPs. In an attempt to widen the range of these AMPs, we have explored the effect of molecular pumping on the photophysical properties of a collecting chain on a dumbbell incorporating a centrally located pyrene fluorophore and two terminal pumping cassettes. The AMP discussed here sequesters two tetracationic cyclophanes from the solution, generating a [3]rotaxane in which the fluorescence of the dumbbell is quenched. The research reported in this Article demonstrates that the use of pumping cassettes allows us to generate the [3]rotaxane in which the photophysical properties of fluorophores can be modified in a manner that cannot be achieved with a mixture of the dumbbell and ring components of the rotaxane on account of their weak binding in solution.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xuesong Li
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Arthur H G David
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Long Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Bo Song
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Yang Jiao
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Damien Sluysmans
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States.,Research Unit MolSys, NanoChem, University of Liege, Sart-Tilman, B6a, Liege 4000, Belgium
| | - Yunyan Qiu
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Yong Wu
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Xingang Zhao
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Yuanning Feng
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Lorenzo Mosca
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States.,Department of Chemistry, University of Rhode Island, 140 Flagg Rd., Kingston, Rhode Island 02881, United States
| | - J Fraser Stoddart
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States.,School of Chemistry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales 2052, Australia.,Stoddart Institute of Molecular Science, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China.,ZJU-Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center, Hangzhou 311215, China
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Yao B, Sun H, Yang L, Wang S, Liu X. Recent Progress in Light-Driven Molecular Shuttles. Front Chem 2022; 9:832735. [PMID: 35186899 PMCID: PMC8847434 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2021.832735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2021] [Accepted: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Molecular shuttles are typical molecular machines that could be applied in various fields. The motion modes of wheel components in rotaxanes could be strategically modulated by external stimuli, such as pH, ions, solvent, light, and so on. Light is particularly attractive because it is harmless and can be operated in a remote mode and usually no byproducts are formed. Over the past decade, many examples of light-driven molecular shuttles are emerging. Accordingly, this review summarizes the recent research progress of light-driven molecular shuttles. First, the light-driven mechanisms of molecular motions with different functional groups are discussed in detail, which show how to drive photoresponsive or non-photoresponsive molecular shuttles. Subsequently, the practical applications of molecular shuttles in different fields, such as optical information storage, catalysis for organic reactions, drug delivery, and so on, are demonstrated. Finally, the future development of light-driven molecular shuttle is briefly prospected.
Collapse
|
30
|
Wu P, Zhu Y, Liu S, Xiong H. Modular Design of High-Brightness pH-Activatable Near-Infrared BODIPY Probes for Noninvasive Fluorescence Detection of Deep-Seated Early Breast Cancer Bone Metastasis: Remarkable Axial Substituent Effect on Performance. ACS CENTRAL SCIENCE 2021; 7:2039-2048. [PMID: 34963896 PMCID: PMC8704040 DOI: 10.1021/acscentsci.1c01066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
We herein report a series of high-brightness pH-activatable near-infrared (NIR) BODIPY probes for high-contrast intravital imaging of deep-seated early breast cancer bone metastasis by harnessing the axial substituent effect. These probes exhibit tunable pK a, higher brightness, and antiquenching capabilities in aqueous solution, which can be simultaneously adjusted by axial steric substituents. The optimized probe BODO-3 bearing axial dimethyl substituents exhibited a higher pK a value of 5.6 and a brighter NIR fluorescence under tumor acidic pH, showing 10.3-fold and 6.5-fold enhanced brightness (εΦ) at pH 5.5 and 6.5, respectively. Due to the higher brightness, BODO-3 with a brilliant NIR emission at 700 nm allows for deep optical penetrations of 5 and 8 mm at pH 6.5 and 4.5, respectively. Meanwhile, covalent functionalization with glucose (BODO-3-Glu) could further enhance breast cancer and its soft tissue metastasis imaging in vivo. Notably, covalent functionalization with bisphosphonate (BODO-3-PO 3 H 2 ) allowed the successful targeting and visualization of deep-seated bone metastases of breast cancer with a high tumor to normal contrast of 8/1, outperforming X-rays in early detection. This strategy may provide insights for designing high-brightness activatable NIR probes for detecting deep-seated tumors and metastases.
Collapse
|
31
|
Zhou P, Aschauer U, Decurtins S, Feurer T, Häner R, Liu SX. Effect of tert-butyl groups on electronic communication between redox units in tetrathiafulvalene-tetraazapyrene triads. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 57:12972-12975. [PMID: 34792067 PMCID: PMC8640732 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc05671a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The electronic effect of tert-butyl groups on intramolecular through-bond interactions between redox units in tetrathiafulvalene-tetraazapyrene (TAP) triads is investigated. The insertion of tert-butyl groups raises the TAP-localised LUMO level by 0.21 eV, in fairly good agreement with 0.17 eV determined by DFT calculations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ping Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bern, Freiestrasse 3, Bern CH-3012, Switzerland.
| | - Ulrich Aschauer
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bern, Freiestrasse 3, Bern CH-3012, Switzerland.
| | - Silvio Decurtins
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bern, Freiestrasse 3, Bern CH-3012, Switzerland.
| | - Thomas Feurer
- Institute of Applied Physics, University of Bern, Sidlerstrasse 5, Bern CH-3012, Switzerland
| | - Robert Häner
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bern, Freiestrasse 3, Bern CH-3012, Switzerland.
| | - Shi-Xia Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bern, Freiestrasse 3, Bern CH-3012, Switzerland.
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Kolodzeiski E, Amirjalayer S. On-the-Fly Training of Atomistic Potentials for Flexible and Mechanically Interlocked Molecules. J Chem Theory Comput 2021; 17:7010-7020. [PMID: 34613742 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jctc.1c00497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Mechanically interlocked molecules have gained significant attention because of their unique ability to perform well-defined motions originating from their entanglement, which is important for the design of artificial molecular machines. Atomistic simulations based on force fields (FFs) provide detailed insights into such architectures at the molecular level enabling one to predict the resulting functionalities. However, the development of reliable FFs is still challenging and time-consuming, in particular for highly dynamic and interlocked structures such as rotaxanes, which exhibit a large number of different conformers. In the present work, we present an on-the-fly training (OTFT) algorithm. By a guided and nonguided phase space sampling, relevant reference data are automatically and continuously generated and included for the on-the-fly parametrization of the FF based on a population swapping genetic algorithm (psGA). The OTFT approach provides a fast and automated FF parametrization scheme and tackles problems caused by missing phase space information or the need for big data. We demonstrate the high accuracy of the developed FF for flexible molecules with respect to equilibrium and out-of-equilibrium properties. Finally, by applying the ab initio parametrized FF, molecular dynamic simulations were performed up to experimentally relevant time scales (ca. 1 μs) enabling capture in detail of the structural evaluation and mapping out of the free-energy topology. The on-the-fly training approach thus provides a strong foundation toward automated FF developments and large-scale investigations of phenomena in and out of thermal equilibrium.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elena Kolodzeiski
- Physikalisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Wilhelm-Klemm-Straße 10, 48149 Münster, Germany.,Center for Nanotechnology, Heisenbergstraße 11, 48149 Münster, Germany.,Center for Multiscale Theory and Computation, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Wilhelm-Klemm-Straße 10, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Saeed Amirjalayer
- Physikalisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Wilhelm-Klemm-Straße 10, 48149 Münster, Germany.,Center for Nanotechnology, Heisenbergstraße 11, 48149 Münster, Germany.,Center for Multiscale Theory and Computation, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Wilhelm-Klemm-Straße 10, 48149 Münster, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Cheong Tse Y, Hein R, Mitchell EJ, Zhang Z, Beer PD. Halogen-Bonding Strapped Porphyrin BODIPY Rotaxanes for Dual Optical and Electrochemical Anion Sensing. Chemistry 2021; 27:14550-14559. [PMID: 34319624 PMCID: PMC8596797 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202102493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Anion receptors employing two distinct sensory mechanisms are rare. Herein, we report the first examples of halogen-bonding porphyrin BODIPY [2]rotaxanes capable of both fluorescent and redox electrochemical sensing of anions. 1 H NMR, UV/visible and electrochemical studies revealed rotaxane axle triazole group coordination to the zinc(II) metalloporphyrin-containing macrocycle component, serves to preorganise the rotaxane binding cavity and dramatically enhances anion binding affinities. Mechanically bonded, integrated-axle BODIPY and macrocycle strapped metalloporphyrin motifs enable the anion recognition event to be sensed by the significant quenching of the BODIPY fluorophore and cathodic perturbations of the metalloporphyrin P/P+. redox couple.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuen Cheong Tse
- Chemistry Research LaboratoryDepartment of ChemistryUniversity of Oxford12 Mansfield RoadOxfordOX1 3TAUK
| | - Robert Hein
- Chemistry Research LaboratoryDepartment of ChemistryUniversity of Oxford12 Mansfield RoadOxfordOX1 3TAUK
| | - Edward J. Mitchell
- Chemistry Research LaboratoryDepartment of ChemistryUniversity of Oxford12 Mansfield RoadOxfordOX1 3TAUK
| | - Zongyao Zhang
- Chemistry Research LaboratoryDepartment of ChemistryUniversity of Oxford12 Mansfield RoadOxfordOX1 3TAUK
| | - Paul D. Beer
- Chemistry Research LaboratoryDepartment of ChemistryUniversity of Oxford12 Mansfield RoadOxfordOX1 3TAUK
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Lim S, Kuang Y, Ardoña HAM. Evolution of Supramolecular Systems Towards Next-Generation Biosensors. Front Chem 2021; 9:723111. [PMID: 34490210 PMCID: PMC8416679 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2021.723111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2021] [Accepted: 08/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Supramolecular materials, which rely on dynamic non-covalent interactions, present a promising approach to advance the capabilities of currently available biosensors. The weak interactions between supramolecular monomers allow for adaptivity and responsiveness of supramolecular or self-assembling systems to external stimuli. In many cases, these characteristics improve the performance of recognition units, reporters, or signal transducers of biosensors. The facile methods for preparing supramolecular materials also allow for straightforward ways to combine them with other functional materials and create multicomponent sensors. To date, biosensors with supramolecular components are capable of not only detecting target analytes based on known ligand affinity or specific host-guest interactions, but can also be used for more complex structural detection such as chiral sensing. In this Review, we discuss the advancements in the area of biosensors, with a particular highlight on the designs of supramolecular materials employed in analytical applications over the years. We will first describe how different types of supramolecular components are currently used as recognition or reporter units for biosensors. The working mechanisms of detection and signal transduction by supramolecular systems will be presented, as well as the important hierarchical characteristics from the monomers to assemblies that contribute to selectivity and sensitivity. We will then examine how supramolecular materials are currently integrated in different types of biosensing platforms. Emerging trends and perspectives will be outlined, specifically for exploring new design and platforms that may bring supramolecular sensors a step closer towards practical use for multiplexed or differential sensing, higher throughput operations, real-time monitoring, reporting of biological function, as well as for environmental studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sujeung Lim
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Samueli School of Engineering, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States
| | - Yuyao Kuang
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Samueli School of Engineering, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States
| | - Herdeline Ann M Ardoña
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Samueli School of Engineering, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Samueli School of Engineering, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States.,Department of Chemistry, School of Physical Sciences, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States.,Sue & Bill Gross Stem Cell Research Center, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Sample HC, Emandi G, Twamley B, Grover N, Khurana B, Sol V, Senge MO. Synthesis and Properties of BODIPY Appended Tetraphenylethylene Scaffolds as Photoactive Arrays. European J Org Chem 2021; 2021:4136-4143. [PMID: 34588920 PMCID: PMC8457078 DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202100629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2021] [Revised: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Tetraphenylethylene (TPE) and its derivatives exhibit excellent aggregation-induced emission (AIE) properties. The TPE unit is easily accessible, and many functional groups can be introduced in a facile manner to yield effective luminescent materials in both solution and the solid-state. It is because of this, several TPE-based compounds have been developed and applied in many areas, such as OLEDs and chemical sensors. Boron dipyrromethenes (BODIPYs) are a class of pyrrolic fluorophore of great interest with myriad application in both material science and biomedical applications. Through the combination of Pd-catalyzed cross-coupling reactions and traditional dipyrromethene chemistry, we present the syntheses of novel tetra-BODIPY-appended TPE derivatives with different distances between the TPE and BODIPY cores. The TPE-BODIPY arrays 6 and 9 show vastly differing AIE properties in THF/H2O systems, with 9 exhibiting dual-AIE, along with both conjugates being found to produce singlet oxygen (1O2). We presume the synthesized BODIPY-appended TPE scaffolds to be utilized for potential applications in the fields of light-emitting systems and theranostics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Harry C. Sample
- School of ChemistryTrinity College DublinThe University of DublinTrinity Biomedical Sciences Institute152–160 Pearse StreetDublin 2Ireland
| | - Ganapathi Emandi
- School of ChemistryTrinity College DublinThe University of DublinTrinity Biomedical Sciences Institute152–160 Pearse StreetDublin 2Ireland
| | - Brendan Twamley
- School of ChemistryTrinity College DublinThe University of DublinDublin 2Ireland
| | - Nitika Grover
- School of ChemistryTrinity College DublinThe University of DublinTrinity Biomedical Sciences Institute152–160 Pearse StreetDublin 2Ireland
| | - Bhavya Khurana
- School of ChemistryTrinity College DublinThe University of DublinTrinity Biomedical Sciences Institute152–160 Pearse StreetDublin 2Ireland
- Université de LimogesLaboratoire PEIRENE, EA 75008700LimogesFrance
| | - Vincent Sol
- Université de LimogesLaboratoire PEIRENE, EA 75008700LimogesFrance
| | - Mathias O. Senge
- School of ChemistryTrinity College DublinThe University of DublinTrinity Biomedical Sciences Institute152–160 Pearse StreetDublin 2Ireland
- Institute for Advanced Study (TUM-IAS)Technical University of MunichFocus Group – Molecular and Interfacial Engineering of Organic NanosystemsLichtenbergstrasse 2a85748München GarchigGermany
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Observation of a 3-in-1 Russian-doll-like Complex in Solution. Chem Res Chin Univ 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s40242-021-1146-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
|
37
|
Shang J, Gong H, Zhang Q, Cui Z, Li S, Lv P, Pan T, Ge Y, Qi Z. The dynamic covalent reaction based on diselenide-containing crown ether irradiated by visible light. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2020.11.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
|
38
|
Navarro-Huerta A, Jellen MJ, Arcudia J, Teat SJ, Toscano RA, Merino G, Rodríguez-Molina B. Tailoring the cavities of hydrogen-bonded amphidynamic crystals using weak contacts: towards faster molecular machines. Chem Sci 2020; 12:2181-2188. [PMID: 34163983 PMCID: PMC8179257 DOI: 10.1039/d0sc05899h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
This work describes the use of C–H⋯F–C contacts in the solid-state from the stator towards the rotator to fine-tune their internal motion, by constructing a set of interactions that generate close-fitting cavities in three supramolecular rotors 1–3I. The crystal structures of these rotors, determined by synchrotron radiation experiments at different temperatures, show the presence of such C–H⋯F–C contacts between extended carbazole stators featuring fluorinated phenyl rings and the 1,4-diazabicyclo[2.2.2]octane (DABCO) rotator. According to the 2H NMR results, using deuterated samples, and periodic density functional theory computations, the rotators experience fast angular displacements (preferentially 120° jumps) due to their low rotational activation energies (Ea = 0.8–2.0 kcal mol−1). The higher rotational barrier for 1 (2.0 kcal mol−1) is associated with a larger number of weak C–H⋯F–C contacts generated by the stators. This strategy offers the possibility to explore the correlation among weak intermolecular forces, cavity shape, and internal dynamics, which has strong implications in the design of future fine-tuned amphidynamic crystals. This work describes the use of C–H⋯F–C contacts in the solid-state from the stator towards the rotator to fine-tune their internal motion, by constructing a set of interactions that generate close-fitting cavities in three supramolecular rotors 1–3I.![]()
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Armando Navarro-Huerta
- Instituto de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Circuito Exterior, Ciudad Universitaria 04510 Ciudad de México Mexico
| | - Marcus J Jellen
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California Los Angeles California 90095 USA
| | - Jessica Arcudia
- Departamento de Física Aplicada, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados Unidad Mérida, Km 6 Antigua Carretera a Progreso, Apdo. Postal 73, Cordemex Mérida 97310 Yucatán Mexico
| | - Simon J Teat
- Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Berkeley California 94720-8229 USA
| | - Rubén A Toscano
- Instituto de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Circuito Exterior, Ciudad Universitaria 04510 Ciudad de México Mexico
| | - Gabriel Merino
- Departamento de Física Aplicada, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados Unidad Mérida, Km 6 Antigua Carretera a Progreso, Apdo. Postal 73, Cordemex Mérida 97310 Yucatán Mexico
| | - Braulio Rodríguez-Molina
- Instituto de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Circuito Exterior, Ciudad Universitaria 04510 Ciudad de México Mexico
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Zhao M, Li B, Zhang H, Zhang F. Activatable fluorescence sensors for in vivo bio-detection in the second near-infrared window. Chem Sci 2020; 12:3448-3459. [PMID: 34163618 PMCID: PMC8179418 DOI: 10.1039/d0sc04789a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Fluorescence imaging in the second near-infrared (NIR-II, 1000–1700 nm) window has exhibited advantages of high optical resolution at deeper penetration (ca. 5–20 mm) in bio-tissues owing to the reduced photon scattering, absorption and tissue autofluorescence. However, the non-responsive and “always on” sensors lack the ability of selective imaging of lesion areas, leading to the low signal-to-background ratio (SBR) and poor sensitivity during bio-detection. In contrast, activatable sensors show signal variation in fluorescence intensity, spectral wavelength and fluorescence lifetime after responding to the micro-environment stimuli, leading to the high detection sensitivity and reliability in bio-sensing. This minireview summarizes the design and detection ability of recently reported NIR-II activatable sensors. Furthermore, the challenges, opportunities and prospects of NIR-II activatable bio-sensing are also discussed. Fluorescence imaging in the second near-infrared (NIR-II, 1000–1700 nm) window has exhibited advantages of high optical resolution at deeper penetration (ca. 5–20 mm) in bio-tissues owing to the reduced photon scattering and tissue autofluorescence.![]()
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mengyao Zhao
- Department of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, iChem, Fudan University Shanghai 200433 P. R. China
| | - Benhao Li
- Department of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, iChem, Fudan University Shanghai 200433 P. R. China
| | - Hongxin Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, iChem, Fudan University Shanghai 200433 P. R. China
| | - Fan Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, iChem, Fudan University Shanghai 200433 P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Chen JY, Li XY, Wu J, Wu Y, Kuang GC. Pillar[5]arene-BODIPY host-guest interaction induced fluorescence enhancement and lysosomes targetable bioimaging in dilute solution. Tetrahedron 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2020.131698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|