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Raczkowska E, Wojdyło A, Nowicka P. The use of blackcurrant pomace and erythritol to optimise the functional properties of shortbread cookies. Sci Rep 2024; 14:3788. [PMID: 38361029 PMCID: PMC10869806 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-54461-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024] Open
Abstract
As a result of the production of blackcurrant juice, pomace is produced, which is a cheap, easy to further process raw material with high health benefits. The aim of the research was to develop a recipe for shortbread cookies based on blackcurrant pomace (0, 10, 30, 50%) and erythritol, and to assess their nutritional value (content of proteins, fats, sugars, dietary fibre, selected minerals and energy value), pro-health properties (antioxidant and anti-diabetic capacity) and sensory evaluation. The energy value of products with 50% of pomace sweetened with erythritol was nearly 30% lower compared to traditional cookies, while the content of dietary fibre was 10 times higher in products with the highest percentage of pomace. The antioxidant capacity and the total content of polyphenolic compounds increased with the increase in pomace content. The ability to inhibit α-amylase by shortbread cookies without pomace was about 400 times lower than those with 50% pomace. The results of the sensory evaluation showed that erythritol-sweetened cookies have more desirable characteristics compared to sucrose-sweetened cookies. Finally, it was proved that the proposed products are an excellent proposal for people struggling with food-dependent diseases, as well as being an opportunity to manage waste from the fruit industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewa Raczkowska
- Department of Human Nutrition, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Science, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, 37 Chełmońskiego Street, 51-630, Wrocław, Poland.
| | - Aneta Wojdyło
- Department of Fruit, Vegetable and Nutraceutical Plant Technology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Science, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, 37 Chełmońskiego Street, 51-630, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Paulina Nowicka
- Department of Fruit, Vegetable and Nutraceutical Plant Technology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Science, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, 37 Chełmońskiego Street, 51-630, Wrocław, Poland
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2
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Ejaz A, Waliat S, Afzaal M, Saeed F, Ahmad A, Din A, Ateeq H, Asghar A, Shah YA, Rafi A, Khan MR. Biological activities, therapeutic potential, and pharmacological aspects of blackcurrants ( Ribes nigrum L): A comprehensive review. Food Sci Nutr 2023; 11:5799-5817. [PMID: 37823094 PMCID: PMC10563683 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.3592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Revised: 07/16/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Blackcurrant possesses various health-endorsing attributes owing to its polyphenol profile. Recent studies have demonstrated its therapeutic potential against various health disorders. Various bioactives present in blackcurrants have different functional and pharmacological aspects including anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antimicrobial properties. The most dominant and important bioactive include anthocyanins, flavonols, phenolic acids, and polyunsaturated fatty acids. Food formats derived from blackcurrants comprise pomace, juice, powder, and extracts. All these food formats have industrial, prebiotic, and pharmacological benefits. In the current article, the nutritional composition, industrial applications, and therapeutic potential are discussed in the recent literature. Moreover, novel extraction techniques for the extraction of bioactive compounds present in blackcurrants and their safety concerns have been elaborated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Afaf Ejaz
- Food Safety and Biotechnology Lab, Department of Food ScienceGovernment College University FaisalabadFaisalabadPakistan
| | - Sadaf Waliat
- Food Safety and Biotechnology Lab, Department of Food ScienceGovernment College University FaisalabadFaisalabadPakistan
| | - Muhammad Afzaal
- Food Safety and Biotechnology Lab, Department of Food ScienceGovernment College University FaisalabadFaisalabadPakistan
| | - Farhan Saeed
- Food Safety and Biotechnology Lab, Department of Food ScienceGovernment College University FaisalabadFaisalabadPakistan
| | - Aftab Ahmad
- Department of Food and NutritionGovernment College University FaisalabadFaisalabadPakistan
| | - Ahmad Din
- National Institute of Food Science & TechnologyUniversity of Agriculture FaisalabadFaisalabadPakistan
| | - Huda Ateeq
- Food Safety and Biotechnology Lab, Department of Food ScienceGovernment College University FaisalabadFaisalabadPakistan
| | - Asma Asghar
- Food Safety and Biotechnology Lab, Department of Food ScienceGovernment College University FaisalabadFaisalabadPakistan
| | - Yasir Abbas Shah
- Food Safety and Biotechnology Lab, Department of Food ScienceGovernment College University FaisalabadFaisalabadPakistan
| | - Ahmad Rafi
- National Institute of Food Science & TechnologyUniversity of Agriculture FaisalabadFaisalabadPakistan
| | - Mahbubur Rahman Khan
- Department of Food Processing and PreservationHajee Mohammad Danesh Science & Technology UniversityDinajpurBangladesh
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Hu X, Liu J, Shan Q, Bai S, Li W, Wen T, Guo X, Hu J. The Accumulation and Biosynthesis of Anthocyanin in Black, White, and Yellow Waxy Corns (Zea mays L. sinensis kulesh) during Kernel Maturation. Foods 2023; 12:foods12071486. [PMID: 37048307 PMCID: PMC10094669 DOI: 10.3390/foods12071486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Revised: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Waxy corn kernels with different colors have high phenolic content and good application potential in medicine and food healthcare. In our work, the content changes of phenolic and anthocyanins profiles were related to genes in the anthocyanin biosynthesis pathway, and the antioxidant activities of three different colors of waxy corn kernels (black, white, and yellow) were determined during kernel development. Results showed that growing temperature and light intensity could affect the accumulation of phytochemicals and antioxidant activities in waxy corns during maturation. Phenolic and antioxidant activities decreased over kernel maturation, and spring had higher nutrition levels during the best harvest time (20 and 25 days after pollination in the spring and autumn, respectively) for waxy corns. Cyanidin-3-O-glucoside and pelargonidin-3-O-glucoside were the main anthocyanins detected in the black waxy corns. The contents of cyanidin are higher than pelargonidin followed by peonidin in the autumn, while on the other hand, pelargonidin had a slightly higher content compared to cyanidin in the spring. DFR, CF1, and ANS were the key genes affecting anthocyanin accumulation. This work provided information on the best harvest time for the pigment of waxy corn in order to achieve relatively high phenolic profiles and antioxidant activities. It also illustrated the possible relationship between weather conditions, gene expression levels, and phenolic content during kernel development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaodan Hu
- Key Laboratory of Crops Genetics Improvement of Guangdong Province, Crop Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
- Guangdong Rice Engineering Laboratory, Rice Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Jianhua Liu
- Key Laboratory of Crops Genetics Improvement of Guangdong Province, Crop Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Qiji Shan
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Song Bai
- Guangdong Rice Engineering Laboratory, Rice Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Wu Li
- Key Laboratory of Crops Genetics Improvement of Guangdong Province, Crop Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Tianxiang Wen
- Key Laboratory of Crops Genetics Improvement of Guangdong Province, Crop Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Xinbo Guo
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Jianguang Hu
- Key Laboratory of Crops Genetics Improvement of Guangdong Province, Crop Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
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Long T, Gu R, Linghu C, Long J, Kennelly EJ, Long C. UPLC-QTOF-MS-based metabolomics and chemometrics studies of geographically diverse Acer truncatum leaves: A traditional herbal tea in Northern China. Food Chem 2023; 417:135873. [PMID: 36933422 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.135873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Revised: 02/18/2023] [Accepted: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2023]
Abstract
Traditionally in Northern China, Acer truncatum leaves (ATL) have been used as herbal tea, now consumed worldwide. Few studies have reported ATL metabolites from different areas and their correlation with the environment. Thus, metabolomic analyses were conducted on ATL collected from twelve locations throughout four environmental zones in Northern China to understand the phytochemical differences with regards to environmental conditions. Sixty-four compounds, mostly flavonoids (FLAs) and gallic acid-containing natural products (GANPs), were characterized, including 34 previously unreported constituents from A. truncatum. Twenty-two markers were useful to differentiate ATL from the four environmental zones. Humidity, temperature, and sunshine duration are the predominant factors affecting FLAs and GANPs levels. Sunshine duration was positively correlated with eriodictyol (r = 0.994, p < 0.01), and humidity negatively with epicatechin gallate (r = -0.960, p < 0.05). These findings provide insights into ATL phytochemistry, aiding cultivation of A. truncatum tea with higher potential health benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingyu Long
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation in Mountainous Region (Ministry of Education), Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China; School of Liquor and Food Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Ronghui Gu
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation in Mountainous Region (Ministry of Education), Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China; School of Liquor and Food Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China.
| | - Chu Linghu
- School of Liquor and Food Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Jingyu Long
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation in Mountainous Region (Ministry of Education), Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China; College of Life Sciences, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Edward J Kennelly
- Department of Biological Sciences, Lehman College, City University of New York, Bronx, NY 10468, United States; PhD Program in Biology, The Graduate Center, City University of New York, NY 10016, United States.
| | - Chunlin Long
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Minzu University of China, Beijing 100081, China; Key Laboratory of Ecology and Environment in Minority Areas (Minzu University of China), Key Laboratory of Mass Spectrometry Imaging and Metabolomics (Minzu University of China), National Ethnic Affairs Commission of China, Beijing 100081, China; Key Laboratory of Ethnomedicine (Minzu University of China), Ministry of Education, Beijing 100081, China.
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5
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Pott DM, Durán-Soria S, William Allwood J, Pont S, Gordon SL, Jennings N, Austin C, Stewart D, Brennan RM, Masny A, Sønsteby A, Krüger E, Jarret D, Vallarino JG, Usadel B, Osorio S. Dissecting the impact of environment, season and genotype on blackcurrant fruit quality traits. Food Chem 2022; 402:134360. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.134360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Revised: 09/11/2022] [Accepted: 09/18/2022] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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Dadan M, Grobelna A, Kalisz S, Witrowa-Rajchert D. The impact of ultrasound-assisted thawing on the bioactive components in juices obtained from blue honeysuckle (Lonicera caerulea L.). ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2022; 89:106156. [PMID: 36084570 PMCID: PMC9465023 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2022.106156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Revised: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Ultrasound (US) assisted thawing of blue honeysuckle berry was utilized in order to reduce the losses of bioactive components (ascorbic acid, anthocyanins, phenolic acids, iridoids, proanthocyanins) and increase the extraction efficiency during juice processing. It was analysed whether it was more beneficial to apply US (alone or with enzymatic treatment) to the frozen state, until reaching the cryoscopic temperature or thawed state. Both the US and enzymatic treatment significantly increased the extraction efficiency, extract content, acidity and the content of iridoids and chlorogenic acid in juices, especially if the US was applied to 50 °C. It was probably due to a higher extractivity by the greater damage of the tissue and detexturation. Enzymatic treatment due to long heating contributed to a higher degradation of anthocyanins, ascorbic acid and proanthocyanidins, which are more heat-sensitive. The results of the study mainly indicated the possibility of including ultrasound-assisted thawing in the fruit processing before pressing the juices. This may replace costly enzymatic treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Dadan
- Department of Food Engineering and Process Management, Institute of Food Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences - SGGW, Nowoursynowska 159c, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Anna Grobelna
- Division of Fruit, Vegetable and Cereal Technology, Department of Food Technology and Assessment, Institute of Food Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences - SGGW, Nowoursynowska 159c, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Stanisław Kalisz
- Division of Fruit, Vegetable and Cereal Technology, Department of Food Technology and Assessment, Institute of Food Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences - SGGW, Nowoursynowska 159c, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Dorota Witrowa-Rajchert
- Department of Food Engineering and Process Management, Institute of Food Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences - SGGW, Nowoursynowska 159c, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland.
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7
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Pagter M, Kjær KH. Winter warming stimulates vegetative growth and alters fruit quality of blackcurrant (Ribes nigrum). INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOMETEOROLOGY 2022; 66:1391-1401. [PMID: 35412081 DOI: 10.1007/s00484-022-02284-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2021] [Revised: 03/03/2022] [Accepted: 04/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The rate of global warming varies in magnitude between seasons, with warming being more pronounced in winter and spring than in summer and autumn at high latitudes. Winter warming can have profound effects on dormancy release and spring phenology of perennial fruit crops, but potential follow-on impacts on growth, fruit yield or quality have only rarely been investigated. We studied the effects of mild winter warming on spring phenology, current year shoot growth, cropping performance and fruit quality in four field-grown cultivars of blackcurrant with different chilling requirements. Plants were exposed to ambient or slightly elevated (+ 0.5 °C) temperatures from early October to mid-April the following year. Winter warming had few effects on spring phenology and fruit yield, but caused significant changes in berry contents of phenolic compounds and a reduction in soluble sugars. Increased vegetative growth of warmed plants likely accounts for the changes in berry quality. The results demonstrate a persistent effect of winter warming on shoot growth, which indirectly changes fruit quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Majken Pagter
- Department of Chemistry and Bioscience, Aalborg University, Fredrik Bajers vej 7H, 9220, Aalborg, Denmark.
| | - Katrine Heinsvig Kjær
- Department of Food Science, Aarhus University, Agro Food Park 48, 8200, Aarhus, Denmark
- Hortiadvice, Hvidkærvej 29, 5250, Odense, Denmark
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Phahlane CJ, Laurie SM, Shoko T, Manhivi VE, Sivakumar D. Comparison of Caffeoylquinic Acids and Functional Properties of Domestic Sweet Potato (Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam.) Storage Roots with Established Overseas Varieties. Foods 2022; 11:foods11091329. [PMID: 35564053 PMCID: PMC9104689 DOI: 10.3390/foods11091329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2022] [Revised: 04/20/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Root samples of sweet potato varieties originating from South Africa (‘Ndou’, ‘Bophelo’, ‘Monate’, and ‘Blesbok’), the USA (‘Beauregard’), and Peru (‘199062.1′) were analyzed using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC/QTOF/MS) and chemometrics to characterize and compare the locally developed varieties with well-known established overseas varieties. The highest total phenol content was detected in ‘Bophelo’, followed by ‘Beauregard’ and Peruvian variety ‘199062.1’. The Orthogonal Projections to Latent Structures Discriminant Analysis (OPLS-DA) model classified the storage roots of six sweet potato varieties into two clusters. In the OPLS-DA scatter plot, one cluster, which included Peruvian variety ‘199062.1’, was separated from the others. L-tryptophan and 3-caffeoylquinic acid (CQA) showed variable importance in projection (VIP) scores greater than 1.5. Based on the OPLS-DA-S-plot, L-tryptophan separated the other varieties from Peruvian variety ‘199062.1’. Peruvian variety ‘199062.1’ contained higher concentrations of CQA (1,3-diCQA, 1,4-diCQA, 3,5-diCQA, 4,5-diCQA, 3-CQA, and 5-CQA) and 5-hydroxy-6-methoxycoumarin 7-glucoside than other varieties. Among all sweet potato varieties analyzed, Peruvian variety ‘199062.1′ showed the highest ferric reducing antioxidant power (2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl-hydrate) free radical scavenging activity, and [2,2′-azinobis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonate)] scavenging activity. Among the local sweet potato varieties, ‘Bophelo’ has the greatest potential for commercialization as it is the richest source of CQA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charmaine J. Phahlane
- Phytochemical Food Network Research Group, Department of Crop Sciences, Tshwane University of Technology, Pretoria 0001, South Africa; (C.J.P.); (T.S.); (V.E.M.)
| | - Sunette M. Laurie
- Agricultural Research Council-Vegetables, Industrial and Medicinal Plants (ARC-VIMP), Pretoria 0001, South Africa;
| | - Tinotenda Shoko
- Phytochemical Food Network Research Group, Department of Crop Sciences, Tshwane University of Technology, Pretoria 0001, South Africa; (C.J.P.); (T.S.); (V.E.M.)
| | - Vimbainashe E. Manhivi
- Phytochemical Food Network Research Group, Department of Crop Sciences, Tshwane University of Technology, Pretoria 0001, South Africa; (C.J.P.); (T.S.); (V.E.M.)
| | - Dharini Sivakumar
- Phytochemical Food Network Research Group, Department of Crop Sciences, Tshwane University of Technology, Pretoria 0001, South Africa; (C.J.P.); (T.S.); (V.E.M.)
- Correspondence:
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Shi Y, Yang L, Yu M, Li Z, Ke Z, Qian X, Ruan X, He L, Wei F, Zhao Y, Wang Q. Seasonal variation influences flavonoid biosynthesis path and content, and antioxidant activity of metabolites in Tetrastigma hemsleyanum Diels & Gilg. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0265954. [PMID: 35482747 PMCID: PMC9049315 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0265954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Environmental conditions contribute to plant growth and metabolism. This study aimed to determine a suitable environment and climate for large-scale artificial cultivation of an endangered plant, Tetrastigma hemsleyanum, by investigating the seasonal variations influencing the flavonoid biosynthetic selectivity and antioxidant activity of its major metabolites. Under conditions of precipitation (2.0~6.6 mm), temperature (17.5~24.1°C), humidity (67.3~80.2%), and sunshine duration (3.4~5.8 h) from April to May, the total flavonoid content in T. hemsleyanum reached higher levels between 281.3 and 392.8 μg/g. In the second half of April, the production selectivity (PS) of isoorientin (IsoO), orientin (Or), rutin (Rut), isoquercitin (IsoQ), kaempferol-3-O-rutinoside (Km3rut), astragalin (Ast), quercetin (Qu), apigenin (Ap), and kaempferol (Km) were 0.30, 0.06, 0.07, 0.07, 0.00, 0.04, 0.38, 0.05, and 0.03, respectively. Naringenin was dehydrogenated or hydroxylated to initiate two parallel reaction pathways for flavonoid biosynthesis in T. hemsleyanum: path I subsequently generated flavone derivatives including apigenin, luteolin, orientin, and isoorientin, and path II subsequently generated flavonol derivatives including Km, Qu, IsoQ, Rut, Ast, and Km3rut. The reaction selectivity of path II (RPSII) from January 1 to September 30 was considerably higher than that of path I (RPSI), except for March 16-31. In addition, either the content or antioxidant activity of three major metabolites in T. hemsleyanum followed the order of phenolic compounds > polysaccharides > sterols, and exhibited dynamic correlations with environmental factors. Naringenin favored hydroxylation and derived six flavonol compounds from January to September, and favored dehydrogenation and derived three flavone compounds from October to December. In most months of a year, Km preferentially favored hydroxylation rather than glucosylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- YanShou Shi
- Ningbo Technology University, Ningbo, China
- Ningbo Research Institute, Zhejiang University, Ningbo, China
| | - Li Yang
- Ningbo Technology University, Ningbo, China
- Ningbo Research Institute, Zhejiang University, Ningbo, China
| | | | - ZhaoHui Li
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicines, Zhejiang Pharmaceutical College, Ningbo, China
| | - ZhiJun Ke
- Bureau of Natural Resources and Planning Xianju County, Taizhou, China
| | - XiaoHua Qian
- Ningbo Technology University, Ningbo, China
- Ningbo Research Institute, Zhejiang University, Ningbo, China
| | - Xiao Ruan
- Ningbo Technology University, Ningbo, China
- Ningbo Research Institute, Zhejiang University, Ningbo, China
- * E-mail: (QW); (XR)
| | | | - Feng Wei
- Ningbo Technology University, Ningbo, China
- Ningbo Research Institute, Zhejiang University, Ningbo, China
| | - YingXian Zhao
- Ningbo Technology University, Ningbo, China
- Ningbo Research Institute, Zhejiang University, Ningbo, China
| | - Qiang Wang
- Ningbo Technology University, Ningbo, China
- Ningbo Research Institute, Zhejiang University, Ningbo, China
- * E-mail: (QW); (XR)
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10
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Berry polyphenols and human health: evidence of antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, microbiota modulation, and cell-protecting effects. Curr Opin Food Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cofs.2021.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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11
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Yan Y, Pico J, Sun B, Pratap-Singh A, Gerbrandt E, Diego Castellarin S. Phenolic profiles and their responses to pre- and post-harvest factors in small fruits: a review. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2021:1-28. [PMID: 34766521 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2021.1990849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
The consumption of small fruits has increased in recent years. Besides their appealing flavor, the commercial success of small fruits has been partially attributed to their high contents of phenolic compounds with multiple health benefits. The phenolic profiles and contents in small fruits vary based on the genetic background, climate, growing conditions, and post-harvest handling techniques. In this review, we critically compare the profiles and contents of phenolics such as anthocyanins, flavonols, flavan-3-ols, and phenolic acids that have been reported in bilberries, blackberries, blueberries, cranberries, black and red currants, raspberries, and strawberries during fruit development and post-harvest storage. This review offers researchers and breeders a general guideline for the improvement of phenolic composition in small fruits while considering the critical factors that affect berry phenolics from cultivation to harvest and to final consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifan Yan
- Wine Research Centre, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Joana Pico
- Wine Research Centre, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Bohan Sun
- Wine Research Centre, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Anubhav Pratap-Singh
- Food, Nutrition, and Health, Faculty of Land & Food Systems, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Eric Gerbrandt
- British Columbia Blueberry Council, Abbotsford, British Columbia, Canada
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12
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Mølmann JAB, Dalmannsdottir S, Hykkerud AL, Hytönen T, Samkumar A, Jaakola L. Influence of Arctic light conditions on crop production and quality. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2021; 172:1931-1940. [PMID: 33837963 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.13418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2017] [Revised: 02/05/2021] [Accepted: 03/19/2021] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
The natural light conditions above the Arctic Circle are unique in terms of annual variation creating special growth conditions for crop production. These include low solar elevations, very long daily photosynthetic light periods, midnight sun/absence of dark nights, and altered spectral distribution depending on solar elevation. All these factors are known to affect the growth and the metabolism of plants, although their influence on northern crop plants has not yet been reviewed. The ongoing global warming is especially affecting the temperature × light interactions in the Arctic, and understanding the impact on crop production and plant metabolism will be important for an Arctic contribution to global food production. Arctic light conditions have a strong influence on the timing of plant development, which together with temperature limits the number of cultivars suitable for Arctic agriculture. This review compiles information from the reports about the effects of light conditions at high latitudes on growth, biomass production, flowering and quality of the crop plants and discusses the gained knowledge and the key gaps to be addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jørgen A B Mølmann
- Division of Food Production and Society, Norwegian Institute of Bioeconomy Research, Ås, Norway
| | - Sigridur Dalmannsdottir
- Division of Food Production and Society, Norwegian Institute of Bioeconomy Research, Ås, Norway
| | - Anne Linn Hykkerud
- Division of Food Production and Society, Norwegian Institute of Bioeconomy Research, Ås, Norway
| | - Timo Hytönen
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, Viikki Plant Science Centre, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Organismal and Evolutionary Biology Research Programme, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Viikki Plant Science Centre, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Genetics, Genomics and Breeding, NIAB EMR, East Malling, UK
| | - Amos Samkumar
- Climate Laboratory Holt, Department of Arctic and Marine Biology, UiT - The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Laura Jaakola
- Division of Food Production and Society, Norwegian Institute of Bioeconomy Research, Ås, Norway
- Climate Laboratory Holt, Department of Arctic and Marine Biology, UiT - The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
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13
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Sun Q, Wang N, Xu W, Zhou H. Ribes himalense as potential source of natural bioactive compounds: Nutritional, phytochemical, and antioxidant properties. Food Sci Nutr 2021; 9:2968-2984. [PMID: 34136164 PMCID: PMC8194758 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.2256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2020] [Revised: 02/03/2021] [Accepted: 03/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Ribes himalense Royle ex Decne. (family Saxifraaceae, subfamily Grossulariaceae, genus Ribes) is a wild berry fruit with illustrated health-promoting features, which widely distributed in Northwest China are deficiently exploited. This study aimed to assess the potential of a Ribes himalense as a source of natural bioactive compounds through characterizing its nutraceutical characteristics, phytochemicals properties, and antioxidant ability. Fresh berries were quantitatively analyzed for proximate composition, minerals, vitamins, amino acids, total polyphenols, total flavonoids, anthocyanins, procyanidin, and polysaccharides contents through China National Food Safety Standard; the characterization and identification of extracts of wild berries obtained with ethanol 30%, ethanol 50%, and ethanol 95% were firstly performed by UPLC-Triple-TOF-MS2. Furthermore, antioxidant activity of the ethanol extract was evaluated via different assay methods such as DPPH, ABTS, and FRAP. The results indicated that the most important bioactive composition was procyanidin (0.72%), polyphenols (0.49%), total flavonoids (0.38%), vitamin C (64.6 mg/100g FW), and K (218.44 mg/100 g FW), and a total of 95 compounds were detected with polyphenols, flavonoids, and proanthocyanidins as the dominant, and also ethanol extract possessed stronger antioxidant activity. These results suggested that Ribes himalense fruit has great potential in protecting human health, with the focus on the development of functional products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Sun
- Northwest Institute of Plateau BiologyChinese Academy of SciencesXiningChina
- University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Na Wang
- Northwest Institute of Plateau BiologyChinese Academy of SciencesXiningChina
- University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Wenhua Xu
- Northwest Institute of Plateau BiologyChinese Academy of SciencesXiningChina
| | - Huakun Zhou
- Northwest Institute of Plateau BiologyChinese Academy of SciencesXiningChina
- Key laboratory of Restoration Ecology of Cold Area in Qinghai ProvinceXiningChina
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14
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Extraction, Identification, and Health Benefits of Anthocyanins in Blackcurrants (Ribes nigrum L.). APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/app11041863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The fruit of the blackcurrant (Ribes nigrum L.) is round-shaped, dark purple, bittersweet, and seed-containing edible berries. The blackcurrant has been used as a traditional medicine in both Asia and European countries. It is known as a rich source of antioxidants, largely due to its high content of phenolic compounds, especially anthocyanins. Studies on anthocyanins from blackcurrants have adopted different extraction methods and a panel of anthocyanins has been identified in them. Research on the health benefits of blackcurrant anthocyanins has also grown. To present a general overview of research in blackcurrant anthocyanins, this review focuses on the extraction methods of anthocyanins from blackcurrants and the molecular mechanisms underlying their health benefits.
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15
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Salina E, Levgerova N, Knyasev S. Influence of the variety on the quality of organic black currant juices. BIO WEB OF CONFERENCES 2021. [DOI: 10.1051/bioconf/20213406001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The results of a comparative study of the quality of blackcurrant juices of five varieties of ARSRIFCB breeding suitable for industrial commercial use are presented: Azhurnaya, Orlovskaya Serenada, Orlovsky Vals, Ocharovanye, Chudnoye Mgnovenye. The sensory profiles of juices and their relation to scoring and varietal characteristics were studied. An analysis of the sensory qualities of mono-varietal blackcurrant juices showed that they largely depend on varietal characteristics, such as transparency and thickness, the sensation of acidity and sweetness, and the softness of the taste (absence of harsh acid in the taste). The indicators of the point analysis confirm the results of the descriptor. Sensory analysis data (point and descriptor) showed that preference is given to products with a ruby-red color, typical for blackcurrant juices, bright, not cloudy. Among the studied varieties, of great interest for juice production are the varieties Ocharovanye and Azhurnaya.
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16
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Guo Y, Wang T, Fu FF, El-Kassaby YA, Wang G. Temporospatial Flavonoids Metabolism Variation in Ginkgo biloba Leaves. Front Genet 2020; 11:589326. [PMID: 33329734 PMCID: PMC7728922 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2020.589326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2020] [Accepted: 11/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Ginkgo (Ginkgo biloba L.) is a high-value medicinal tree species characterized by its flavonoids beneficial effects that are abundant in leaves. We performed a temporospatial comprehensive transcriptome and metabolome dynamics analyses of clonally propagated Ginkgo plants at four developmental stages (time: May to August) across three different environments (space) to unravel leaves flavonoids biosynthesis variation. Principal component analysis revealed clear gene expression separation across samples from different environments and leaf-developmental stages. We found that flavonoid-related metabolism was more active in the early stage of leaf development, and the content of total flavonoid glycosides and the expression of some genes in flavonoid biosynthesis pathway peaked in May. We also constructed a co-expression regulation network and identified eight GbMYBs and combining with other TF genes (3 GbERFs, 1 GbbHLH, and 1 GbTrihelix) positively regulated the expression of multiple structural genes in the flavonoid biosynthesis pathway. We found that part of these GbTFs (Gb_11316, Gb_32143, and Gb_00128) expressions was negatively correlated with mean minimum temperature and mean relative humidity, while positively correlated with sunshine duration. This study increased our understanding of the molecular mechanisms of flavonoids biosynthesis in Ginkgo leaves and provided insight into the proper production and management of Ginkgo commercial plantations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Guo
- Co-Innovation Centre for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China.,College of Forestry, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Forest & Conservation Sciences, Faculty of Forestry, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Tongli Wang
- Department of Forest & Conservation Sciences, Faculty of Forestry, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Fang-Fang Fu
- Co-Innovation Centre for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China.,College of Forestry, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yousry A El-Kassaby
- Department of Forest & Conservation Sciences, Faculty of Forestry, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Guibin Wang
- Co-Innovation Centre for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China.,College of Forestry, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China
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17
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Li HW, Liu P, Zhang HQ, Feng WM, Yan H, Guo S, Qian DW, Duan JA. Determination of bioactive compounds in the nonmedicinal parts of Scrophularia ningpoensis using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry and chemometric analysis. J Sep Sci 2020; 43:4191-4201. [PMID: 32975375 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.202000723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Revised: 09/14/2020] [Accepted: 09/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Although Scrophulariae Radix (root of Scrophularia ningpoensis) has received much attention, little is known about the nonmedicinal parts of S. ningpoensis. A comprehensive evaluation of the multibioactive constituents in the flowers, rhizomes, leaves, and stems of S. ningpoensis during different growth stages would be of value to fully understand the potential medicinal properties of all parts of the plant. Ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with triple quadrupole mass spectrometry was performed for accurately determining nine compounds in S. ningpoensis. The results indicated the content of total analytes in S. ningpoensis was in the order of flowers (81.82 mg/g) > roots (31.95 mg/g) > rhizomes (26.68 mg/g) > leaves (16.86 mg/g) > stems (14.35 mg/g). The chemometric analysis showed that these plant parts were rich in iridoids and should not be discarded during the processing of medicinal materials. Dynamic accumulation analysis suggested that the early flowering stage was the optimum time for harvesting flowers and appropriate amounts of stems and leaves. Moreover, considering the accumulation of constituents and biomass of medicinal materials, the medicinal parts should be harvested around December with the rhizomes attached. This research provides a theoretical basis and scientific evidence for comprehensive development and utilization of S. ningpoensis resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Wei Li
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, P. R. China
| | - Pei Liu
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, P. R. China
| | - Huang-Qin Zhang
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, P. R. China.,Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Third Clinical Medical College, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, P. R. China
| | - Wei-Meng Feng
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, P. R. China
| | - Hui Yan
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, P. R. China
| | - Sheng Guo
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, P. R. China
| | - Da-Wei Qian
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, P. R. China
| | - Jin-Ao Duan
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, P. R. China
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18
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Banach M, Wiloch M, Zawada K, Cyplik W, Kujawski W. Evaluation of Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Anthocyanin-Rich Water-Soluble Aronia Dry Extracts. Molecules 2020; 25:E4055. [PMID: 32899830 PMCID: PMC7570557 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25184055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2020] [Revised: 08/27/2020] [Accepted: 09/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Aronia fruits contain many valuable components that are beneficial to human health. However, fruits are characterized by significant variations in chemical composition dependent on the growing conditions and harvesting period. Therefore, there is a need to formulate the extracts with a precisely defined content of health-promoting substances. Aronia dry extracts (ADE) were prepared from frozen pomace applying water extraction, followed by purification and spray-drying. Subsequently, the content of anthocyanins, phenolic acids, and polyphenols was determined. The high-quality chokeberry pomace enabled obtaining extracts with anthocyanin content much higher than the typical market standards. Moreover, it was found that the antioxidant capacity of aronia extracts exceeded those found in other fruit preparations. Antioxidant and free-radical scavenging properties were evaluated using a 2,2'-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl using Electron Paramagnetic Resonance (EPR) spectroscopy (DPPH-EPR) test and Oxygen Radical Absorbance Capacity (ORAC) assay. The inhibition of lipid peroxidation and the level of inflammatory markers have been also investigated using lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW 264 cells. It was revealed that ADE standardized to 25% of anthocyanins depresses the level of markers of inflammation and lipid peroxidation (Interleukin 1 beta (IL-1β), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), and malondialdehyde (MDA)) in in vitro conditions. Additionally, it was confirmed that ADE at all analyzed concentrations did not show any cytotoxic effect as demonstrated by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariusz Banach
- Greenvit Ltd., 27A Wojska Polskiego Avenue, 18-300 Zambrów, Poland; (M.B.); (W.C.)
- Faculty of Chemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, 87-100 Toruń, Poland
| | | | - Katarzyna Zawada
- Faculty of Pharmacy with the Laboratory Medicine Division, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Wojciech Cyplik
- Greenvit Ltd., 27A Wojska Polskiego Avenue, 18-300 Zambrów, Poland; (M.B.); (W.C.)
| | - Wojciech Kujawski
- Faculty of Chemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, 87-100 Toruń, Poland
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, 050040 Almaty, Kazakhstan
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19
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Impact of storage on sensory quality of blackcurrant juices prepared with or without enzymatic treatment at industrial scale. Eur Food Res Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s00217-020-03601-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
AbstractBlackcurrant juices prepared with or without enzyme treatment at industrial scale were stored at room temperature or + 4 °C for 1 year, and their sensory profiles, chemical composition and rheological properties were investigated. The juice without enzyme treatment had less intense colour and it was perceived and measured as more viscose than the juice produced with enzyme assistance. Content of monomeric anthocyanins decreased significantly during storage in both juice types under both storing conditions. However, changes in colour intensity were observed only in the non-enzymatic juices. In the discrimination tests based on the appearance, the stored samples were detected as significantly different. Storage resulted in significant changes in contents of hydroxycinnamic acids and flavonols, but this did not have an impact on the bitterness or astringency of the juices. Moreover, sugar and acid contents were mainly unchanged during storage. Storage resulted in a decrease in dynamic viscosity and greater differences in viscoelastic properties for the juice with enzymatic assistance. This study provides important information about the stability of juices typically stored at room temperature for a long time.
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20
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Blanch GP, Gómez-Jiménez MC, Del Castillo MLR. Exogenous Salicylic Acid Improves Phenolic Content and Antioxidant Activity in Table Grapes. PLANT FOODS FOR HUMAN NUTRITION (DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS) 2020; 75:177-183. [PMID: 32086677 DOI: 10.1007/s11130-019-00793-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Grapes contain high contents of phenolics, which are known to possess health promoting properties. Exogenous application of phytoregulators, mainly methyl jasmonate and abscisic acid, to grapevines to enhance phenolic content has been reported (Portu et al. Sci Hortic 240: 378-386, 2018; Ranjbaran et al. J Faculty Agric Kyushu Univ 56: 263-267, 2011). However, these phytohormones possess some drawbacks that can be overcome by using other phytoregulators as an alternative. In this work the effect of an additional phytohormone, salicylic acid, to grapevines on the phenolics and antioxidant activity of grapes was investigated. To our knowledge, salicylic acid has been earlier applied to grapevines to affect grape ripening and quality (Lóay. Egyptian J Basic Applied Sci 4: 227-230, 2017). However, this is the first time it is applied to increase the total phenolic content. As a result of our study, total phenol content and the free radical scavenging activity increased with 100 mg l-1 of salicylic acid. In particular, the total phenol content increased from 768.3 to 1843.5 mg 100 g-1 and the IC50 values decreased from 45.2 to 13.2 mg ml-1. Also the contents of individual phenolics mostly increased significantly with 100 mg l-1 of salicylic acid, except anthocyanins. Higher concentrations of salicylic acid (ie, 500 mg l-1vs 100 mg l-1) did not result in higher contents of phenolics. Therefore, 100 mg l-1 was selected as the best salicylic acid concentration to be used in the treatment. The application of exogenous salicylic acid to grapevines is an interesting agronomic practice to obtain table grapes with improved health-promoting properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gracia Patricia Blanch
- Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (ICTAN-CSIC), Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de Alimentos y Nutrición, Juan de la Cierva 3, 28006, Madrid, Spain
| | - Maria C Gómez-Jiménez
- Departamento de Biología Vegetal, Ecología y Ciencias de la Tierra, Universidad de Extremadura, Avda/ de Elvas, s/n, 06006, Badajoz, Spain
| | - Maria Luisa Ruiz Del Castillo
- Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (ICTAN-CSIC), Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de Alimentos y Nutrición, Juan de la Cierva 3, 28006, Madrid, Spain.
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21
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Sánchez‐Rodríguez MI, Sánchez‐López EM, Marinas A, Urbano FJ, Caridad JM. Functional approach and agro-climatic information to improve the estimation of olive oil fatty acid content from near-infrared data. Food Sci Nutr 2020; 8:351-360. [PMID: 31993161 PMCID: PMC6977507 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.1312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2019] [Revised: 10/24/2019] [Accepted: 10/29/2019] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Extra virgin olive oil (EVOO) is very appreciated by its taste, flavor, and benefits for health, and so, it has a high price of commercialization. This fact makes it necessary to provide reliable and cost-effective analytical procedures, such as near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy, to analyze its traceability and purity, in combination with chemometrics. Fatty acids profile of EVOO, considered as a quality parameter, is estimated, firstly, from NIR data and, secondly, by adding agro-climatic information. NIR and agro-climatic data sets are summarized by using principal component analysis (PCA) and treated by both scalar and functional approaches. The corresponding PCA and FPCA are progressively introduced in regression models, whose goodness of fit is evaluated by the dimensionless root-mean-square error. In general, SFAs, MUFAs, and PUFAs (and disaggregated fatty acids) estimations are improved by adding agro-climatic besides NIR information (mainly, temperature or evapotranspiration) and considering a functional point of view for both NIR and agro-climatic data.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Alberto Marinas
- Organic Chemistry DepartmentUniversity of CordobaCordobaSpain
| | | | - José M. Caridad
- Statistics and Business DepartmentUniversity of CordobaCordobaSpain
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22
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Yang W, Ma X, Laaksonen O, He W, Kallio H, Yang B. Effects of Latitude and Weather Conditions on Proanthocyanidins in Blackcurrant ( Ribes nigrum) of Finnish Commercial Cultivars. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2019; 67:14038-14047. [PMID: 31730342 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.9b06031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Blackcurrants of three Finnish commercial cultivars 'Mortti', 'Ola', and 'Melalahti' cultivated in southern and northern Finland were compared on the basis of the content and composition of proanthocyanidins (PAs). Seventeen B-type PA oligomers (degree of polymerization 2-5 and 7) were detected by hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography and electrospray ionization mass spectrometry. Total PAs, dimers, trimers, and tetramers were quantified. Among the three cultivars, 'Ola' had the highest contents of both total PAs and PA oligomers. 'Melalahti' was separated from both 'Mortti' and 'Ola' by PA profiles in the partial least-squares discriminant analysis model. All three cultivars revealed distinct responses to latitude and weather conditions. The content of total PAs showed a positive correlation to latitude in 'Ola' and 'Melalahti'. Among the meteorological variables, high temperature and radiation correlated negatively with total PAs, while only specific variables showed a correlation with PA oligomers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Yang
- Food Chemistry and Food Development, Department of Biochemistry , University of Turku , FI-20014 Turku , Finland
| | - Xueying Ma
- Food Chemistry and Food Development, Department of Biochemistry , University of Turku , FI-20014 Turku , Finland
| | - Oskar Laaksonen
- Food Chemistry and Food Development, Department of Biochemistry , University of Turku , FI-20014 Turku , Finland
| | - Wenjia He
- Food Chemistry and Food Development, Department of Biochemistry , University of Turku , FI-20014 Turku , Finland
| | - Heikki Kallio
- Food Chemistry and Food Development, Department of Biochemistry , University of Turku , FI-20014 Turku , Finland
| | - Baoru Yang
- Food Chemistry and Food Development, Department of Biochemistry , University of Turku , FI-20014 Turku , Finland
- Institute of Quality, Safety of Agro-Products and Testing Technology , Shanxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences , Taiyuan 030031 , China
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23
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Tian Y, Laaksonen O, Haikonen H, Vanag A, Ejaz H, Linderborg K, Karhu S, Yang B. Compositional Diversity among Blackcurrant ( Ribes nigrum) Cultivars Originating from European Countries. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2019; 67:5621-5633. [PMID: 31013088 PMCID: PMC6750745 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.9b00033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Berries representing 21 cultivars of blackcurrant were analyzed using liquid chromatographic, gas chromatographic, and mass spectrometric methods coupled with multivariate models. This study pinpointed compositional variation among cultivars of different origins cultivated in the same location during two seasons. The chemical profiles of blackcurrants varied significantly among cultivars and growing years. The key differences among cultivars of Scottish, Lithuanian, and Finnish origins were in the contents of phenolic acids (23 vs 16 vs 19 mg/100 g on average, respectively), mainly as 5- O-caffeoylquinic acid, 4- O-coumaroylglucose, ( E)-coumaroyloxymethylene-glucopyranosyloxy-( Z)-butenenitrile, and 1- O-feruloylglucose. The Scottish cultivars were grouped on the basis of the 3- O-glycosides of delphinidin and cyanidin, as were the Lithuanian cultivars. Among the Finnish samples, the content of myricetin 3- O-glycosides, 4- O-caffeoylglucose, 1- O-coumaroylglucose, and 4- O-coumaroylglucose were significantly different between the two green-fruited cultivars and the black-fruited cultivars. The samples from the studied years differed in the content of phenolic acid derivatives, quercetin glycosides, monosaccharides, and citric acid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Tian
- Food
Chemistry and Food Development, Department of Biochemistry, University of Turku, FI-20014 Turku, Finland
| | - Oskar Laaksonen
- Food
Chemistry and Food Development, Department of Biochemistry, University of Turku, FI-20014 Turku, Finland
| | - Heta Haikonen
- Food
Chemistry and Food Development, Department of Biochemistry, University of Turku, FI-20014 Turku, Finland
| | - Anita Vanag
- Food
Chemistry and Food Development, Department of Biochemistry, University of Turku, FI-20014 Turku, Finland
| | - Huma Ejaz
- Food
Chemistry and Food Development, Department of Biochemistry, University of Turku, FI-20014 Turku, Finland
| | - Kaisa Linderborg
- Food
Chemistry and Food Development, Department of Biochemistry, University of Turku, FI-20014 Turku, Finland
| | - Saila Karhu
- Natural
Resources Institute Finland (Luke), Itäinen Pitkäkatu 4a, FI-20520 Turku, Finland
| | - Baoru Yang
- Food
Chemistry and Food Development, Department of Biochemistry, University of Turku, FI-20014 Turku, Finland
- Institute
of Food Quality and Safety, Shanxi Academy
of Agricultural Sciences, Longcheng Street No. 81, 030031 Taiyuan, China
- E-mail: . Tel: +35823336844
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24
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Raudsepp P, Koskar J, Anton D, Meremäe K, Kapp K, Laurson P, Bleive U, Kaldmäe H, Roasto M, Püssa T. Antibacterial and antioxidative properties of different parts of garden rhubarb, blackcurrant, chokeberry and blue honeysuckle. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2019; 99:2311-2320. [PMID: 30324724 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.9429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2018] [Revised: 07/02/2018] [Accepted: 10/11/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND It is important to find plant materials that can inhibit the growth of Listeria monocytogenes and other food-spoiling bacteria both in vitro and in situ. The aim of the study was to compare antibacterial and antioxidative activity of selected plant-ethanol infusions: leaves and berries of blackcurrant (Ribes nigrum L.), berries of chokeberry (Aronia melanocarpa (Michx.) Elliott) and blue honeysuckle (Lonicera caerulea L. var. edulis); petioles and dark and light roots of garden rhubarb (Rheum rhaponticum L.) for potential use in food matrices as antibacterial and antioxidative additives. RESULTS The strongest bacterial growth inhibition was observed in 96% ethanol infusions of the dark roots of rhubarbs. In 96% ethanol, nine out of ten studied plant infusions had antibacterial effect against L. monocytogenes, but in 20% ethanol only the infusions of dark rhubarb roots had a similar effect. Chokeberry and other berries had the highest antioxidative activity, both in 20% and 96% ethanol infusions. CONCLUSION The combination of dark rhubarb roots or petioles and berries of black chokeberry, blackcurrant or some other anthocyanin-rich berries would have potential as both antibacterial and antioxidative additives in food. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piret Raudsepp
- Chair of Food Hygiene and Veterinary Public Health, Institute of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, Estonian University of Life Sciences, Tartu, Estonia, Kreutzwaldi 56/3
| | - Julia Koskar
- Chair of Food Hygiene and Veterinary Public Health, Institute of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, Estonian University of Life Sciences, Tartu, Estonia, Kreutzwaldi 56/3
- Department of Food Microbiology, Veterinary and Food Laboratory, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Dea Anton
- Chair of Food Hygiene and Veterinary Public Health, Institute of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, Estonian University of Life Sciences, Tartu, Estonia, Kreutzwaldi 56/3
| | - Kadrin Meremäe
- Chair of Food Hygiene and Veterinary Public Health, Institute of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, Estonian University of Life Sciences, Tartu, Estonia, Kreutzwaldi 56/3
| | - Karmen Kapp
- Division of Pharmaceutical Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Peeter Laurson
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Institute of Chemistry, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
- Polli Horticultural Research Centre, Institute of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Estonian University of Life Sciences, Viljandimaa, Estonia
| | - Uko Bleive
- Polli Horticultural Research Centre, Institute of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Estonian University of Life Sciences, Viljandimaa, Estonia
| | - Hedi Kaldmäe
- Polli Horticultural Research Centre, Institute of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Estonian University of Life Sciences, Viljandimaa, Estonia
| | - Mati Roasto
- Chair of Food Hygiene and Veterinary Public Health, Institute of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, Estonian University of Life Sciences, Tartu, Estonia, Kreutzwaldi 56/3
| | - Tõnu Püssa
- Chair of Food Hygiene and Veterinary Public Health, Institute of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, Estonian University of Life Sciences, Tartu, Estonia, Kreutzwaldi 56/3
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Yang N, Qiu R, Yang S, Zhou K, Wang C, Ou S, Zheng J. Influences of stir-frying and baking on flavonoid profile, antioxidant property, and hydroxymethylfurfural formation during preparation of blueberry-filled pastries. Food Chem 2019; 287:167-175. [PMID: 30857686 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2019.02.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2018] [Revised: 02/01/2019] [Accepted: 02/17/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Bakery products with fruit fillings are growing fast. Blueberry-filled pastries are widely consumed in China. This study aimed to investigate the effects of two thermal processing procedures (stir-frying and baking) on flavonoid profile, antioxidant property, and hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) formation during preparation of blueberry-filled pastries. Stir-frying contributed the most to the variations in these values in blueberry filling. Anthocyanins (48%-53% reduction in total) were more susceptible to thermal processing than flavonols (11%-16%). Among anthocyanins, delphinidin glycosides (61%-67% reduction) were the most unstable, followed by malvidin (52%-58%), petunidin (40%-45%), and cyanidin (38%-41%). A high level of HMF (300 mg/kg) was formed during stir-frying. Except for anthocyanins, baking did not significantly influence HMF formation, flavonol degradation, and antioxidant property in the fillings. Stir-frying processing conditions rather than baking must be further investigated for nutrient retention and HMF inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Yang
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Ruixia Qiu
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Shuo Yang
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Kangning Zhou
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Chengtao Wang
- Beijing Engineering and Technology Research Center of Food Additives, Beijing Technology & Business University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Shiyi Ou
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Jie Zheng
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China.
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26
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Allwood JW, Woznicki TL, Xu Y, Foito A, Aaby K, Sungurtas J, Freitag S, Goodacre R, Stewart D, Remberg SF, Heide OM, Sønsteby A. Application of HPLC-PDA-MS metabolite profiling to investigate the effect of growth temperature and day length on blackcurrant fruit. Metabolomics 2019; 15:12. [PMID: 30830439 PMCID: PMC6326004 DOI: 10.1007/s11306-018-1462-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2018] [Accepted: 12/18/2018] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Blackcurrant (Ribes nigrum L.) is an excellent example of a "super fruit" with potential health benefits. Both genotype and cultivation environment are known to affect the chemical composition of blackcurrant, especially ascorbic acid and various phenolic compounds. Environmental conditions, like temperature, solar radiation and precipitation can also have significant impact on fruit chemical composition. The relevance of the study is further accentuated by the predicted and ongoing changes in global climate. OBJECTIVES The aim of the present study was to provide new knowledge and a deeper understanding of the effects of post flowering environmental conditions, namely temperature and day length, on fruit quality and chemical composition of blackcurrant using an untargeted high performance liquid chromatography-photo diode array-mass spectrometry (HPLC-PDA-MS) metabolomics approach. METHODS A phytotron experiment with cultivation of single-stemmed potted plants of blackcurrant cv. Narve Viking was conducted using constant temperatures of 12, 18 or 24 °C and three different photoperiods (short day, short day with night interruption, and natural summer daylight conditions). Plants were also grown under ambient outdoor conditions. Ripe berries were analysed using an untargeted HPLC-PDA-MS metabolomics approach to detect the presence and concentration of molecules as affected by controlled climatic factors. RESULTS The untargeted metabolomics dataset contained a total of 7274 deconvolved retention time-m/z pairs across both electrospray ionisation (ESI) positive and negative polarities, from which 549 metabolites were identified or minimally annotated based upon accurate mass MS. Conventional principal component analysis (PCA) in combination with the Friedman significance test were applied to first identify which metabolites responded to temperature in a linear fashion. Multi-block hierarchical PCA in combination with the Friedman significance test was secondly applied to identify metabolites that were responsive to different day length conditions. Temperature had significant effect on a total of 365 metabolites representing a diverse range of chemical classes. It was observed that ripening of the blackcurrant berries under ambient conditions, compared to controlled conditions, resulted in an increased accumulation of 34 annotated metabolites, mainly anthocyanins and flavonoids. 18 metabolites were found to be regulated differentially under the different daylength conditions. Moreover, based upon the most abundant anthocyanins, a comparison between targeted and untargeted analyses, revealed a close convergence of the two analytical methods. Therefore, the study not just illustrates the value of non-targeted metabolomics approaches with respect to the huge diversity and numbers of significantly changed metabolites detected (and which would be missed by conventional targeted analyses), but also shows the validity of the non-targeted approach with respect to its precision compared to targeted analyses. CONCLUSIONS Blackcurrant maturation under controlled ambient conditions revealed a number of insightful relationships between environment and chemical composition of the fruit. A prominent reduction of the most abundant anthocyanins under the highest temperature treatments indicated that blackcurrant berries in general may accumulate lower total anthocyanins in years with extreme hot summer conditions. HPLC-PDA-MS metabolomics is an excellent method for broad analysis of chemical composition of berries rich in phenolic compounds. Moreover, the experiment in controlled phytotron conditions provided additional knowledge concerning plant interactions with the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- J William Allwood
- Environmental and Biochemical Sciences, James Hutton Institute, Invergowrie, Dundee, Scotland, DD2 5DA, UK.
| | - Tomasz L Woznicki
- NIBIO, Norwegian Institute of Bioeconomy Research, Pb 115, 1431, Ås, Norway
- Department of Plant Sciences, Faculty of Biosciences, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, 1432, Ås, Norway
| | - Yun Xu
- School of Chemistry, Manchester Institute for Biotechnology, University of Manchester, Princess Street, Manchester, M1 7DN, UK
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Biosciences Building, Crown Street, Liverpool, L69 7ZB, UK
| | - Alexandre Foito
- Environmental and Biochemical Sciences, James Hutton Institute, Invergowrie, Dundee, Scotland, DD2 5DA, UK
| | - Kjersti Aaby
- Nofima, Norwegian Institute of Food, Fisheries and Aquaculture Research, 1430, Ås, Norway
| | - Julie Sungurtas
- Environmental and Biochemical Sciences, James Hutton Institute, Invergowrie, Dundee, Scotland, DD2 5DA, UK
| | - Sabine Freitag
- Environmental and Biochemical Sciences, James Hutton Institute, Invergowrie, Dundee, Scotland, DD2 5DA, UK
| | - Royston Goodacre
- School of Chemistry, Manchester Institute for Biotechnology, University of Manchester, Princess Street, Manchester, M1 7DN, UK
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Biosciences Building, Crown Street, Liverpool, L69 7ZB, UK
| | - Derek Stewart
- Environmental and Biochemical Sciences, James Hutton Institute, Invergowrie, Dundee, Scotland, DD2 5DA, UK
- School of Engineering and Physical Sciences, Institute of Mechanical, Process and Energy Engineering, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh, Scotland, EH14 4AS, UK
| | - Siv F Remberg
- Department of Plant Sciences, Faculty of Biosciences, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, 1432, Ås, Norway
| | - Ola M Heide
- Faculty of Environmental Sciences and Natural Resource Management, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, 1432, Ås, Norway
| | - Anita Sønsteby
- NIBIO, Norwegian Institute of Bioeconomy Research, Pb 115, 1431, Ås, Norway
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27
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Marsol-Vall A, Kortesniemi M, Karhu ST, Kallio H, Yang B. Profiles of Volatile Compounds in Blackcurrant ( Ribes nigrum) Cultivars with a Special Focus on the Influence of Growth Latitude and Weather Conditions. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2018; 66:7485-7495. [PMID: 29938497 PMCID: PMC6221373 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.8b02070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
The volatile profiles of three blackcurrant ( Ribes nigrum L.) cultivars grown in Finland and their responses to growth latitude and weather conditions were studied over an 8 year period by headspace solid-phase microextraction (HS-SPME) followed by gas-chromatographic-mass-spectrometric (GC-MS) analysis. Monoterpene hydrocarbons and oxygenated monoterpenes were the major classes of volatiles. The cultivar 'Melalahti' presented lower contents of volatiles compared with 'Ola' and 'Mortti', which showed very similar compositions. Higher contents of volatiles were found in berries cultivated at the higher latitude (66° 34' N) than in those from the southern location (60° 23' N). Among the meteorological variables, radiation and temperature during the last month before harvest were negatively linked with the volatile content. Storage time had a negative impact on the amount of blackcurrant volatiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexis Marsol-Vall
- Food
Chemistry and Food Development, Department of Biochemistry, University of Turku, FI-20014 Turun yliopisto, Finland
| | - Maaria Kortesniemi
- Food
Chemistry and Food Development, Department of Biochemistry, University of Turku, FI-20014 Turun yliopisto, Finland
| | - Saila T. Karhu
- Horticulture
Technologies, Production Systems, Natural
Resources Institute Finland (Luke), FI-20520 Turku, Finland
| | - Heikki Kallio
- Food
Chemistry and Food Development, Department of Biochemistry, University of Turku, FI-20014 Turun yliopisto, Finland
| | - Baoru Yang
- Food
Chemistry and Food Development, Department of Biochemistry, University of Turku, FI-20014 Turun yliopisto, Finland
- Tel.: +35823336844. E-mail:
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28
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Vallejo CV, Delgado OD, Rollán GC, Rodríguez-Vaquero MJ. Control of Hanseniaspora osmophila and Starmerella bacillaris in strawberry juice using blueberry polyphenols. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2018.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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29
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Puganen A, Kallio HP, Schaich KM, Suomela JP, Yang B. Red/Green Currant and Sea Buckthorn Berry Press Residues as Potential Sources of Antioxidants for Food Use. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2018; 66:3426-3434. [PMID: 29529370 PMCID: PMC6203183 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.8b00177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2018] [Revised: 03/12/2018] [Accepted: 03/12/2018] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
The potential for using extracts of press residues from black, green, red, and white currants and from sea buckthorn berries as sources of antioxidants for foods use was investigated. Press residues were extracted with ethanol in four consecutive extractions, and total Folin-Ciocalteu (F-C) reactive material and authentic phenolic compounds were determined. Radical quenching capability and mechanisms were determined from total peroxyl radical-trapping antioxidant capacity (TRAP) and oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC) assays and from diphenylpicrylhydrazyl (DPPH) kinetics, respectively; specific activities were normalized to F-C reactive concentrations. Levels of total F-C reactive materials in press residue extracts were higher than in many fruits and showed significant radical quenching activity. Black currant had the highest authentic phenol content and ORAC, TRAP, and DPPH reactivity. Sea buckthorn grown in northern Finland showed extremely high total specific DPPH reactivity. These results suggest that berry press residues offer attractive value-added products that can provide antioxidants for use in stabilizing and fortifying foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Puganen
- Food
Chemistry and Food Development, Department of Biochemistry, University of Turku, FI-20014 Turku, Finland
| | - Heikki P. Kallio
- Food
Chemistry and Food Development, Department of Biochemistry, University of Turku, FI-20014 Turku, Finland
- The
Kevo Subarctic Research Institute, University
of Turku, FI-20014 Turku, Finland
- E-mail: . Phone: +358 2 3336870. Fax: +358 29 450 5040
| | - Karen M. Schaich
- Department
of Food Science, Rutgers University, 65 Dudley Road, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08901-8520, United States
| | - Jukka-Pekka Suomela
- Food
Chemistry and Food Development, Department of Biochemistry, University of Turku, FI-20014 Turku, Finland
| | - Baoru Yang
- Food
Chemistry and Food Development, Department of Biochemistry, University of Turku, FI-20014 Turku, Finland
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30
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Yang L, Wen KS, Ruan X, Zhao YX, Wei F, Wang Q. Response of Plant Secondary Metabolites to Environmental Factors. Molecules 2018; 23:E762. [PMID: 29584636 PMCID: PMC6017249 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23040762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 492] [Impact Index Per Article: 82.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2018] [Revised: 03/21/2018] [Accepted: 03/23/2018] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Plant secondary metabolites (SMs) are not only a useful array of natural products but also an important part of plant defense system against pathogenic attacks and environmental stresses. With remarkable biological activities, plant SMs are increasingly used as medicine ingredients and food additives for therapeutic, aromatic and culinary purposes. Various genetic, ontogenic, morphogenetic and environmental factors can influence the biosynthesis and accumulation of SMs. According to the literature reports, for example, SMs accumulation is strongly dependent on a variety of environmental factors such as light, temperature, soil water, soil fertility and salinity, and for most plants, a change in an individual factor may alter the content of SMs even if other factors remain constant. Here, we review with emphasis how each of single factors to affect the accumulation of plant secondary metabolites, and conduct a comparative analysis of relevant natural products in the stressed and unstressed plants. Expectantly, this documentary review will outline a general picture of environmental factors responsible for fluctuation in plant SMs, provide a practical way to obtain consistent quality and high quantity of bioactive compounds in vegetation, and present some suggestions for future research and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Yang
- Ningbo Institute of Technology, Zhejiang University, Ningbo 315100, China.
| | - Kui-Shan Wen
- Ningbo Institute of Technology, Zhejiang University, Ningbo 315100, China.
| | - Xiao Ruan
- Ningbo Institute of Technology, Zhejiang University, Ningbo 315100, China.
| | - Ying-Xian Zhao
- Ningbo Institute of Technology, Zhejiang University, Ningbo 315100, China.
| | - Feng Wei
- Ningbo Institute of Technology, Zhejiang University, Ningbo 315100, China.
| | - Qiang Wang
- Ningbo Institute of Technology, Zhejiang University, Ningbo 315100, China.
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31
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Koski TM, Kalpio M, Laaksonen T, Sirkiä PM, Kallio HP, Yang B, Linderborg KM, Klemola T. Effects of Insect Herbivory on Bilberry Production and Removal of Berries by Frugivores. J Chem Ecol 2017; 43:422-432. [PMID: 28374224 DOI: 10.1007/s10886-017-0838-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2016] [Revised: 03/22/2017] [Accepted: 03/24/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The evolutionary purpose of a fleshy fruit is to attract seed dispersers and get the seeds dispersed by frugivorous animals. For this reason, fruits should be highly rewarding to these mutualists. However, insect herbivory can alter plant reproductive success e.g. by decreasing fruit yield or affecting the attractiveness of the fruits to mutualistic seed dispersers. Under natural conditions, we tested the effects of experimental larval-defoliation on berry ripening and consumption of a non-cultivated dwarf shrub, the bilberry (Vaccinium myrtillus L.), which produces animal-dispersed berries with high sugar and anthocyanin concentration. Bilberry ramets with high fruit yield were most likely to have their berries foraged, indicating that frugivores made foraging choices based on the abundance of berries. Moreover, the probability for berries being foraged was the lowest for non-defoliated ramets that grew adjacent to larval-defoliated ramets, even though larval-defoliation did not affect the biochemical composition (total concentrations of anthocyanins, sugars and organic acids) or the probability of ripening of berries. We hypothesise that the lower probability for berries being foraged in these ramets may be a consequence of rhizome- or volatile-mediated communication between ramets, resulting in a priming effect of the herbivore defence and lower attractiveness of the non-defoliated ramets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tuuli-Marjaana Koski
- Section of Ecology, Department of Biology, University of Turku, 20014, Turku, FI, Finland.
| | - Marika Kalpio
- Section of Food Chemistry and Food Development, Department of Biochemistry, University of Turku, 20014, Turku, FI, Finland
| | - Toni Laaksonen
- Section of Ecology, Department of Biology, University of Turku, 20014, Turku, FI, Finland
| | - Päivi M Sirkiä
- Section of Ecology, Department of Biology, University of Turku, 20014, Turku, FI, Finland.,Finnish Natural History Museum, Zoology Unit, University of Helsinki, 00014, Helsinki, FI, Finland
| | - Heikki P Kallio
- Section of Food Chemistry and Food Development, Department of Biochemistry, University of Turku, 20014, Turku, FI, Finland.,Centre for Environmental Research, Kevo Subarctic Research Institute, University of Turku, 20014, Turku, FI, Finland
| | - Baoru Yang
- Section of Food Chemistry and Food Development, Department of Biochemistry, University of Turku, 20014, Turku, FI, Finland
| | - Kaisa M Linderborg
- Section of Food Chemistry and Food Development, Department of Biochemistry, University of Turku, 20014, Turku, FI, Finland
| | - Tero Klemola
- Section of Ecology, Department of Biology, University of Turku, 20014, Turku, FI, Finland
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32
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Effects of latitude and weather conditions on proanthocyanidins in berries of Finnish wild and cultivated sea buckthorn (Hippophaë rhamnoides L. ssp. rhamnoides). Food Chem 2017; 216:87-96. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2016.08.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2016] [Revised: 08/09/2016] [Accepted: 08/10/2016] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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33
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Zheng J, Kallio H, Yang B. Sea Buckthorn (Hippophaë rhamnoides ssp. rhamnoides) Berries in Nordic Environment: Compositional Response to Latitude and Weather Conditions. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2016; 64:5031-44. [PMID: 27215398 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.6b00682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Flavonol glycosides (FGs) in sea buckthorn (Hippophaë rhamnoides ssp. rhamnoides) berries of varieties 'Tytti' and 'Terhi', cultivated in northern Finland (68°02' N) for six years and southern Finland (60°23' N) for seven years, were investigated and compared by HPLC-DAD-ESI-MS/MS. The average total content of 23 identified glycosides of isorhamnetin and quercetin was 103 ± 23 and 110 ± 21 mg/100 g fresh berries in 'Terhi' and 'Tytti', respectively. The total contents of FGs, flavonol diglycosides, and triglycosides in both varieties were higher in the north than in the south, whereas total flavonol monoglycoside content behaved vice versa (p < 0.05). Among the 89 weather variables studied, the sum of the daily mean temperatures that are 5 °C or higher from the start of growth season until the day of harvest was the most important variable which associated negatively with the accumulation of FGs in berries. Such influence was much stronger in berries from the north than from the south.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Zheng
- Food Chemistry and Food Development, Department of Biochemistry, University of Turku , FI-20014 Turku, Finland
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Jinan University , 510632 Guangzhou, China
| | - Heikki Kallio
- Food Chemistry and Food Development, Department of Biochemistry, University of Turku , FI-20014 Turku, Finland
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Jinan University , 510632 Guangzhou, China
| | - Baoru Yang
- Food Chemistry and Food Development, Department of Biochemistry, University of Turku , FI-20014 Turku, Finland
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34
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Mäkilä L, Laaksonen O, Alanne AL, Kortesniemi M, Kallio H, Yang B. Stability of Hydroxycinnamic Acid Derivatives, Flavonol Glycosides, and Anthocyanins in Black Currant Juice. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2016; 64:4584-98. [PMID: 27147482 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.6b01005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
The stability of phenolic compounds was followed in black currant juice at ambient temperatures (in light and in dark conditions) and at +4 °C for a year. Analyses were based on high-performance liquid chromatography-diode-array detection-electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry (or tandem mass spectrometry) and high-performance liquid chromatography-diode-array detection-electrospray ionization-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry methods supported by nuclear magnetic resonance after selective high-performance liquid chromatography isolation. Altogether, 43 metabolites were identified, of which 2-(Z)-p-coumaroyloxymethylene-4-β-d-glucopyranosyloxy-2-(Z)-butenenitrile, 2-(E)-caffeoyloxymethylene-4-β-d-glucopyranosyloxy-2-(Z)-butenenitrile, 1-O-(Z)-p-coumaroyl-β-d-glucopyranose, (Z)-p-coumaric acid 4-O-β-d-glucopyranoside, and (Z)-p-coumaric acid were novel findings in black currant juice. Hydroxycinnamic acid derivatives degraded 20-40% at room temperature during one year of storage, releasing free hydroxycinnamic acids. O-Glucosides of hydroxycinnamic acid compounds were the most stable, followed by O-acylquinic acids, acyloxymethyleneglucosyloxybutenenitriles, and O-acylglucoses. Light induced the isomerization of (E)-coumaric acid compounds into corresponding Z-isomers. Flavonol glycosides stayed fairly stable. Flavonol aglycones were derived mainly from malonylglucosides. Over 90% of anthocyanins were lost at room temperature in a year, practically independent of light. Storage at low temperatures, preferably excluding light, is necessary to retain the original composition of phenolic compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Heikki Kallio
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Jinan University , 510632 Guangzhou, China
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35
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Linderborg KM, Salo JE, Kalpio M, Vuorinen AL, Kortesniemi M, Griinari M, Viitanen M, Yang B, Kallio H. Comparison of the postprandial effects of purple-fleshed and yellow-fleshed potatoes in healthy males with chemical characterization of the potato meals. Int J Food Sci Nutr 2016; 67:581-91. [PMID: 27163964 DOI: 10.1080/09637486.2016.1181157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the current study was to characterize the anthocyanin content and composition of a purple potato landrace cultivar (Solanum tuberosum 'Synkeä Sakari') and to compare the postprandial effects of purple-fleshed potatoes, yellow-fleshed potatoes and bilberries in potato starch on postprandial glycemia and insulinemia in healthy males. The purple potato meal caused smaller insulinemia than the yellow potato meal (iAUC 120 min 1347 and 2226, respectively, p = 0.012 and iAUC 240 min 1448 and 2403, p = 0.007) or the bilberry meal (iAUC 120 min 1920, p = 0.027). The purple potato meal caused a smaller plasma glucose at 40 min postprandially compared with the yellow potato meal (p = 0.044). The results of this study suggest that anthocyanin-containing purple-fleshed potatoes influence the postprandial insulinemia positively. Since potatoes are the world's largest non-grain commodity, replacing yellow-fleshed potatoes with purple-fleshed potatoes as staple food could have large potential in maintaining public health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaisa M Linderborg
- a Division of Food Chemistry and Food Development, Department of Biochemistry , University of Turku , Turku , Finland
| | - Johanna E Salo
- a Division of Food Chemistry and Food Development, Department of Biochemistry , University of Turku , Turku , Finland
| | - Marika Kalpio
- a Division of Food Chemistry and Food Development, Department of Biochemistry , University of Turku , Turku , Finland
| | - Anssi L Vuorinen
- a Division of Food Chemistry and Food Development, Department of Biochemistry , University of Turku , Turku , Finland
| | - Maaria Kortesniemi
- a Division of Food Chemistry and Food Development, Department of Biochemistry , University of Turku , Turku , Finland
| | | | - Matti Viitanen
- c Department of Geriatrics , University of Turku, Turku City Hospital , Turku , Finland ;,d Department of Geriatrics , Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge , Stockholm , Sweden
| | - Baoru Yang
- a Division of Food Chemistry and Food Development, Department of Biochemistry , University of Turku , Turku , Finland
| | - Heikki Kallio
- a Division of Food Chemistry and Food Development, Department of Biochemistry , University of Turku , Turku , Finland
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36
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Vuorinen AL, Kalpio M, Linderborg KM, Hoppula KB, Karhu ST, Yang B, Kallio HP. Triacylglycerol biosynthesis in developing Ribes nigrum and Ribes rubrum seeds from gene expression to oil composition. Food Chem 2016; 196:976-87. [PMID: 26593580 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2015.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2014] [Revised: 09/10/2015] [Accepted: 10/03/2015] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Oils with sufficient contents of fatty acids, which can be metabolized into precursors of anti-inflammatory eicosanoids, have potential health effects. Ribes sp. seed oil is rich in α-linolenic, γ-linolenic and stearidonic acids belonging to this fatty acid group. Only a few previous studies exist on Ribes sp. gene expression. We followed the seed oil biosynthesis of four Ribes nigrum and two Ribes rubrum cultivars at different developmental stages over 2 years in Southern and Northern Finland with a 686 km latitudinal difference. The species and the developmental stage were the most important factors causing differences in gene expression levels and oil composition. Differences between cultivars were detected in some cases, but year and location had only small effects. However, expression of the gene encoding Δ(9)-desaturase in R. nigrum was affected by location. Triacylglycerol biosynthesis in Ribes sp. was distinctly buffered and typically followed a certain path, regardless of growth environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anssi L Vuorinen
- Food Chemistry and Food Development, Department of Biochemistry, University of Turku, FI-20014 Turku, Finland.
| | - Marika Kalpio
- Food Chemistry and Food Development, Department of Biochemistry, University of Turku, FI-20014 Turku, Finland
| | - Kaisa M Linderborg
- Food Chemistry and Food Development, Department of Biochemistry, University of Turku, FI-20014 Turku, Finland
| | - Kati B Hoppula
- Natural Resources Institute Finland, FI-88600 Sotkamo, Finland
| | - Saila T Karhu
- Natural Resources Institute Finland, FI-21500 Piikkiö, Finland
| | - Baoru Yang
- Food Chemistry and Food Development, Department of Biochemistry, University of Turku, FI-20014 Turku, Finland; Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Faculty of Public Health, Peking University, No. 38 Xueyuan Rd, Haidian District, 100191 Beijing, China
| | - Heikki P Kallio
- Food Chemistry and Food Development, Department of Biochemistry, University of Turku, FI-20014 Turku, Finland; The Kevo Subarctic Research Institute, University of Turku, Turku FI-20014, Finland
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37
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High variability in flavonoid contents and composition between different North-European currant (Ribes spp.) varieties. Food Chem 2016; 204:14-20. [PMID: 26988470 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2016.02.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2015] [Revised: 01/22/2016] [Accepted: 02/09/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
This study provides information on the variation of anthocyanin and flavonol contents and composition in 32 black and 12 redcurrant varieties, as well as flavonol contents and composition in two green-fruited blackcurrant (green currant) and one white currant varieties conserved in a national ex situ germplasm field collection in Finland, North Europe. Flavonols were analysed as aglycones and anthocyanins as authentic compounds using HPLC methods. In blackcurrants, total anthocyanin content varied 1260-2878mg/100g dry weight and total flavonol content 43.6-89.9mg/100g dry weight. In redcurrants, the content of anthocyanins and flavonols varied 138-462mg/100g dry weight and from not detectable to 17.7mg/100g dry weight, respectively. The green currants contained flavonols 26.1 and 15.4mg/100g dry weight, while in the white variety no flavonols were detected. A positive correlation was found between the total content of anthocyanins and flavonols in both black and redcurrants. Berry size was negatively related to the flavonoid content in redcurrants but not in blackcurrants. The results revealed that some old varieties may be of particular interest when high contents or special composition of flavonoids are desired.
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38
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Woznicki TL, Aaby K, Sønsteby A, Heide OM, Wold AB, Remberg SF. Influence of Controlled Postflowering Temperature and Daylength on Individual Phenolic Compounds in Four Black Currant Cultivars. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2016; 64:752-61. [PMID: 26758764 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.5b05966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The effects of postflowering temperature and daylength on the concentration of individual phenolic compounds were studied in black currant (Ribes nigrum L.) berries under controlled phytotron conditions. The four cultivars studied varied greatly in their concentrations of individual phenolic compounds and temperature stability for accumulation. The concentrations of a wide range of identified phenolic compounds were strongly influenced by temperature over the 12-24 °C range, often with opposite temperature gradient patterns for compounds within the same subclass. Accumulation of anthocyanins and flavonols increased under natural long day conditions, which provided an increased daily light integral, while under identical light energy conditions, photoperiod had little or no effect on the concentration of phenolic compounds. Furthermore, with the exception of members of the hydroxycinnamic acid subclass, the concentration of most phenolic compounds was higher in berries ripened outdoors than in the phytotron, apparently due to screening of UV-B radiation by the glass cover.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomasz L Woznicki
- Department of Plant Sciences, Norwegian University of Life Sciences , NO-1432 Ås, Akershus, Norway
| | - Kjersti Aaby
- Nofima, Norwegian Institute of Food, Fisheries and Aquaculture Research , NO-1430 Ås, Akershus, Norway
| | - Anita Sønsteby
- NIBIO, Norwegian Institute for Bioeconomy Research , NO-1431 Ås, Akershus, Norway
| | - Ola M Heide
- Department of Ecology and Natural Resource Management, Norwegian University of Life Sciences , NO-1432 Ås, Akershus, Norway
| | - Anne-Berit Wold
- Department of Plant Sciences, Norwegian University of Life Sciences , NO-1432 Ås, Akershus, Norway
| | - Siv F Remberg
- Department of Plant Sciences, Norwegian University of Life Sciences , NO-1432 Ås, Akershus, Norway
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39
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Jiménez-Aspee F, Thomas-Valdés S, Schulz A, Ladio A, Theoduloz C, Schmeda-Hirschmann G. Antioxidant activity and phenolic profiles of the wild currant Ribes magellanicum from Chilean and Argentinean Patagonia. Food Sci Nutr 2015; 4:595-610. [PMID: 27386109 PMCID: PMC4930503 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2015] [Revised: 11/10/2015] [Accepted: 11/11/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The Patagonian currant Ribes magellanicum is highly valued due to its pleasant flavor and sweet taste. The aim of this study was to characterize its constituents and to assess their antioxidant and cytoprotective properties. For the fruit phenolic‐enriched extract (PEE), total phenolics (TP), total flavonoids (TF), and antioxidant activity (DPPH, Ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), and Trolox equivalent antioxidant activity (TEAC)) were determined. Argentinean samples presented better activity in the DPPH and FRAP assays. Best cytoprotection against oxidative stress induced by H2O2 in AGS cells was found in one Argentinean sample at 500 μg mL−1 (65.7%). HPLC MS/MS analysis allowed the tentative identification of 59 constituents, including eight anthocyanins, 11 conjugates of caffeic‐, ferulic‐, and coumaric acid, and 38 flavonoids, most of them quercetin and kaempferol derivatives. Argentinean samples showed a more complex pattern of anthocyanins, hydroxycinnamic acids (HCA), and flavonoids. Cyanidin rhamnoside hexoside and cyanidin hexoside were the main anthocyanins, accounting for 35 and 55% for the Argentinean and 60 and 27% for the ripe Chilean fruits. HCA content was about three times higher in Argentinean samples. The phenolic profiles of Chilean and Argentinean Ribes magellanicum show remarkable differences in chemical composition with higher HCA and flavonoid content in Argentinean samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felipe Jiménez-Aspee
- Laboratorio de Química de Productos Naturales Instituto de Química de Recursos Naturales Universidad de Talca Talca Chile
| | - Samanta Thomas-Valdés
- Laboratorio de Química de Productos Naturales Instituto de Química de Recursos Naturales Universidad de Talca Talca Chile
| | - Ayla Schulz
- Laboratorio de Química de Productos Naturales Instituto de Química de Recursos Naturales Universidad de Talca Talca Chile
| | - Ana Ladio
- Laboratorio Ecotono INIBIOMA (CONICET)-Universidad Nacional del Comahue Bariloche Río Negro Argentina
| | - Cristina Theoduloz
- Laboratorio de Cultivo Celular Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud Universidad de Talca Talca Región del Maule Chile
| | - Guillermo Schmeda-Hirschmann
- Laboratorio de Química de Productos Naturales Instituto de Química de Recursos Naturales Universidad de Talca Talca Chile
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40
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Effect of growth environment on the gene expression and lipids related to triacylglycerol biosynthesis in sea buckthorn (Hippophaë rhamnoides) berries. Food Res Int 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2015.08.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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41
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Yang W, Alanne AL, Liu P, Kallio H, Yang B. Flavonol Glycosides in Currant Leaves and Variation with Growth Season, Growth Location, and Leaf Position. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2015; 63:9269-9276. [PMID: 26448427 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.5b04171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Flavonol glycosides (FG) were analyzed in the leaves of six currant cultivars (Ribes spp.) with HPLC-DAD, HPLC-MS/MS, and NMR. The average amounts of the 12 major, identified FG constituted 86-93% (9.6-14.1 mg/g DW) of the total of 27 FG found. Quercetin and kaempferol were the major aglycones with trace amounts of myricetin. Quercetin-3-O-(2,6-α-dirhamnopyranosyl-β-glucopyranoside), quercetin-3-O-(2-β-xylopyranosyl-6-α-rhamnopyranosyl-β-glucopyranoside), and kaempferol-3-O-(3,6-α-dirhamnopyranosyl-β-glucopyranoside) were identified for the first time in currant leaves and existed in a white currant cultivar 'White Dutch' only. Kaempferol-3-O-β-(6'-malonyl)glucopyranoside was also a new compound existing in abundance in five cultivars but not in the white one. The results show the primary importance of the genetic background of the cultivars. The content of malonylated FG of special importance in cardiovascular health decreased regularly during summer. Time of collection and leaf position were more prominent factors affecting the composition than were the year of harvest or the growth latitude. Randomly collected leaves differed in their FG profiles from those collected from the middle position of new branches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Yang
- Food Chemistry and Food Development, Department of Biochemistry, §Instrument Centre, Department of Chemistry, and #The Kevo Subarctic Research Institute, University of Turku , FI-20014 Turku, Finland
| | - Aino-Liisa Alanne
- Food Chemistry and Food Development, Department of Biochemistry, §Instrument Centre, Department of Chemistry, and #The Kevo Subarctic Research Institute, University of Turku , FI-20014 Turku, Finland
| | - Pengzhan Liu
- Food Chemistry and Food Development, Department of Biochemistry, §Instrument Centre, Department of Chemistry, and #The Kevo Subarctic Research Institute, University of Turku , FI-20014 Turku, Finland
| | - Heikki Kallio
- Food Chemistry and Food Development, Department of Biochemistry, §Instrument Centre, Department of Chemistry, and #The Kevo Subarctic Research Institute, University of Turku , FI-20014 Turku, Finland
| | - Baoru Yang
- Food Chemistry and Food Development, Department of Biochemistry, §Instrument Centre, Department of Chemistry, and #The Kevo Subarctic Research Institute, University of Turku , FI-20014 Turku, Finland
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42
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Major phenolic compounds in black currant (Ribes nigrum L.) buds: Variation due to genotype, ontogenetic stage and location. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2015.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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43
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Marin A, Ferreres F, Barberá GG, Gil MI. Weather variability influences color and phenolic content of pigmented baby leaf lettuces throughout the season. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2015; 63:1673-81. [PMID: 25650715 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.5b00120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The lack of consistency in homogeneous color throughout the season of pigmented baby leaf lettuce is a problem for growers because of the rejection of the product and consequently the economic loss. Changes in color as well as individual and total phenolic composition and content as a response to the climatic variables were studied following the analysis of three pigmented baby leaf lettuces over 16 consecutive weeks from February to May, which corresponded to the most important production season in winter in Europe. Color and phenolic content were significantly (P ≤ 0.001) affected by cultivar, harvest week, and climatic variables that occurred in the last week before harvest. Radiation and temperature showed positive correlations with the content of phenolic acids and flavonoids that increased in all three cultivars as the season progressed. Cyanidin-3-O-(6''-O-malonyl)-glucoside content showed positive correlations with temperature and radiation but only in Batavia cultivars whereas in red oak leaf the correlation was with cold temperatures. Regarding hue angle, a positive correlation was shown with the number of hours at temperatures lower than 7 °C. A relationship between hue angle and the content of anthocyanins was not possible to establish. These results suggest that the colorimetric measurement of color cannot be used as a good indicator of anthocyanin accumulation because other pigments such as chlorophylls and carotenoids may contribute as well to the leaf color of pigmented lettuce. This study provides information about the impact of genotype and environment interactions on the biosynthesis of phenolic compounds to explain the variability in the leaf color and product appearance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alicia Marin
- Quality, Safety and Bioactivity of Plant Foods Group, Food Science and Technology Department and ‡Soil and Water Conservation and Organic Waste Management Department, CEBAS-CSIC , P.O. Box 164, Espinardo, Murcia E-30100, Spain
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44
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Bochi VC, Godoy HT, Giusti MM. Anthocyanin and other phenolic compounds in Ceylon gooseberry (Dovyalis hebecarpa) fruits. Food Chem 2014; 176:234-43. [PMID: 25624229 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2014.12.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2014] [Revised: 12/09/2014] [Accepted: 12/11/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Ceylon gooseberry is a deep-purple exotic berry that is being produced in Brazil with great market potential. This work aimed to determine major phenolic compounds in this specie by HPLC-PDA-ESI/MS. Samples were collected in two different seasons. Pulp and skin were analyzed separately. Non-acylated rutinoside derivatives of delphinidin (∼60-63%) and cyanidin (∼17-21%) were major anthocyanins tentatively identified. All anthocyanins had higher concentration in skin than in pulp (64-82 and 646-534mg of cyaniding-3-glucoside equivalents/100g skin and pulp, respectively). Moreover, anthocyanin profile changed between sampling dates (p<0.05). Mainly for delphinidin-3-rutinoside which could be a result of season variation. In this specie, non-anthocyanin polyphenols represent less than 35% of total extracted polyphenols. The tentative identification proposed a flavonol and three ellagitannins as major compounds of the non-anthocyanin phenolics fraction. Finally, anthocyanin is the major phenolic class in this fruit and its composition and content are significantly affected by season.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vivian Caetano Bochi
- Campinas State University (Universidade Estadual de Campinas, UNICAMP), Department of Food Science (Departamento de Ciência de Alimentos, DCA), Food Engineering School (Faculdade de Engenharia de Alimentos, FEA), P.O. Box 6121, 13083-862 Campinas, SP, Brazil.
| | - Helena Teixeira Godoy
- Campinas State University (Universidade Estadual de Campinas, UNICAMP), Department of Food Science (Departamento de Ciência de Alimentos, DCA), Food Engineering School (Faculdade de Engenharia de Alimentos, FEA), P.O. Box 6121, 13083-862 Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - M Monica Giusti
- The Ohio State University, Department of Food Science and Technology, 2015 Fyffe Road, 43210 Columbus, OH, United States
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45
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Vagiri M, Conner S, Stewart D, Andersson SC, Verrall S, Johansson E, Rumpunen K. Phenolic compounds in blackcurrant (Ribes nigrum L.) leaves relative to leaf position and harvest date. Food Chem 2014; 172:135-42. [PMID: 25442534 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2014.09.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2014] [Revised: 07/31/2014] [Accepted: 09/09/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Blackcurrant leaves are an essential source of phenolic compounds and this study investigated their variation relative to leaf positions and harvest date. The phenolic content varied between harvest dates, although leaf position on the shoot and interactions also played an important role. The contents of quercetin-malonyl-glucoside, kaempferol-malonyl-glucoside isomer and kaempferol-malonyl-glucoside were higher than that of the other identified phenolic compounds, whereas epigallocatechin was the lowest for all investigated leaf positions and harvest dates. The content of several of the compounds was highest in June, while quercetin-glucoside, kaempferol-glucoside and total phenols, increased towards the end of the season. Leaf position influenced the content of myricetin-malonyl-glucoside, myricetin-malonyl-glucoside isomer, quercetin-malonyl-glucoside and kaempferol-glucoside at the end of the season. Knowledge relating to the influence of ontogenetic and harvest time on the content of specific phenolic compounds might contribute in tailoring functional foods or pharmaceutical products using blackcurrant leaves as natural ingredients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Vagiri
- Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Department of Plant Breeding, Balsgård, Fjälkestadsvägen 459, SE-291 94 Kristianstad, Sweden; Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Department of Plant Breeding, Box 101, SE-230 53 Alnarp, Sweden.
| | - Sean Conner
- Environmental and Biochemical Science Group, Enhancing Crop Productivity and Utillisation Theme, The James Hutton Institute, Invergowrie, Dundee DD2 5DA, United Kingdom
| | - Derek Stewart
- Environmental and Biochemical Science Group, Enhancing Crop Productivity and Utillisation Theme, The James Hutton Institute, Invergowrie, Dundee DD2 5DA, United Kingdom; School of Life Sciences, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Staffan C Andersson
- Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Department of Plant Breeding, Box 101, SE-230 53 Alnarp, Sweden
| | - Susan Verrall
- Environmental and Biochemical Science Group, Enhancing Crop Productivity and Utillisation Theme, The James Hutton Institute, Invergowrie, Dundee DD2 5DA, United Kingdom
| | - Eva Johansson
- Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Department of Plant Breeding, Box 101, SE-230 53 Alnarp, Sweden
| | - Kimmo Rumpunen
- Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Department of Plant Breeding, Balsgård, Fjälkestadsvägen 459, SE-291 94 Kristianstad, Sweden
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46
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Ruiz A, Bustamante L, Vergara C, von Baer D, Hermosín-Gutiérrez I, Obando L, Mardones C. Hydroxycinnamic acids and flavonols in native edible berries of South Patagonia. Food Chem 2014; 167:84-90. [PMID: 25148963 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2014.06.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2013] [Revised: 05/08/2014] [Accepted: 06/09/2014] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Diverse edible berries are native to the Patagonian region of Southern Chile. These berries are underused because their nutritional properties are relatively unknown. In this work, the profiles and concentrations of hydroxycinnamic acid derivatives and flavonols, and the antioxidant capacity of the berry extracts, were studied using HPLC-DAD-ESI-MS/MS and CUPRAC assays, respectively. In total, 46 compounds were identified, including 17 hydroxycinnamic acid derivatives and 26 flavonols. Caffeoylquinic acid isomers were the most abundant compounds, and quercetin and myricetin derivatives were the main flavonols found. The berries from Ribes genera showed a high diversity and concentration of these 2 families of compounds and contained 3-caffeoylquinic acid and quercetin-3-rutinoside at the highest concentrations. The Patagonian berries, especially the berries of Rubus and Ribes genera, had high cupric reducing antioxidant capacity, comparable with that described for berries from the Northern hemisphere. These results contribute to promote the nutritional study of these fruits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonieta Ruiz
- Instrumental Analysis Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Concepción, PO Box 160-C, Concepción, Chile; Department of Chemical Sciences and Natural resources, University of La Frontera, Casilla 54-D, Temuco, Chile
| | - Luis Bustamante
- Instrumental Analysis Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Concepción, PO Box 160-C, Concepción, Chile
| | - Carola Vergara
- Instrumental Analysis Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Concepción, PO Box 160-C, Concepción, Chile
| | - Dietrich von Baer
- Instrumental Analysis Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Concepción, PO Box 160-C, Concepción, Chile
| | - Isidro Hermosín-Gutiérrez
- Regional Institute for Applied and Scientific Research, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Ronda de Calatrava 7, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - Luis Obando
- Huertos Frutales Menores, Estancia Julia, Región de Magallanes, Chile
| | - Claudia Mardones
- Instrumental Analysis Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Concepción, PO Box 160-C, Concepción, Chile.
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47
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Laaksonen OA, Mäkilä L, Sandell MA, Salminen JP, Liu P, Kallio HP, Yang B. Chemical-Sensory Characteristics and Consumer Responses of Blackcurrant Juices Produced by Different Industrial Processes. FOOD BIOPROCESS TECH 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s11947-014-1316-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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48
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Zoratti L, Karppinen K, Luengo Escobar A, Häggman H, Jaakola L. Light-controlled flavonoid biosynthesis in fruits. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2014; 5:534. [PMID: 25346743 PMCID: PMC4191440 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2014.00534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 213] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2014] [Accepted: 09/19/2014] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Light is one of the most important environmental factors affecting flavonoid biosynthesis in plants. The absolute dependency of light to the plant development has driven evolvement of sophisticated mechanisms to sense and transduce multiple aspects of the light signal. Light effects can be categorized in photoperiod (duration), intensity (quantity), direction and quality (wavelength) including UV-light. Recently, new information has been achieved on the regulation of light-controlled flavonoid biosynthesis in fruits, in which flavonoids have a major contribution on quality. This review focuses on the effects of the different light conditions on the control of flavonoid biosynthesis in fruit producing plants. An overview of the currently known mechanisms of the light-controlled flavonoid accumulation is provided. R2R3 MYB transcription factors are known to regulate by differential expression the biosynthesis of distinct flavonoids in response to specific light wavelengths. Despite recent advances, many gaps remain to be understood in the mechanisms of the transduction pathway of light-controlled flavonoid biosynthesis. A better knowledge on these regulatory mechanisms is likely to be useful for breeding programs aiming to modify fruit flavonoid pattern.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Zoratti
- Department of Biology, University of OuluOulu, Finland
| | | | - Ana Luengo Escobar
- Programa de Doctorado en Ciencias de Recursos Naturales, Universidad de la FronteraTemuco, Chile
| | - Hely Häggman
- Department of Biology, University of OuluOulu, Finland
| | - Laura Jaakola
- Climate laboratory Holt, Department of Arctic and Marine Biology, UiT The Arctic University of NorwayTromsø, Norway
- Norwegian Institute for Agricultural and Environmental Research, Bioforsk Nord HoltTromsø, Norway
- *Correspondence: Laura Jaakola, Climate laboratory Holt, Department of Arctic and Marine Biology, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Holtveien 62, NO-9037 Tromsø, Norway e-mail:
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49
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Pandino G, Lombardo S, Moglia A, Portis E, Lanteri S, Mauromicale G. Leaf polyphenol profile and SSR-based fingerprinting of new segregant Cynara cardunculus genotypes. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2014; 5:800. [PMID: 25653660 PMCID: PMC4300902 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2014.00800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2014] [Accepted: 12/22/2014] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
The dietary value of many plant polyphenols lies in the protection given against degenerative pathologies. Their in planta role is associated with the host's defense response against biotic and abiotic stress. The polyphenol content of a given plant tissue is strongly influenced by the growing environment, but is also genetically determined. Plants belonging to the Cynara cardunculus species (globe artichoke and the cultivated and wild cardoon) accumulate substantial quantities of polyphenols mainly mono and di-caffeoylquinic acid (CQA) in their foliage. Transgressive segregation for CQA content in an F1 population bred from a cross between a globe artichoke and a cultivated cardoon led to the selection of eight segregants which accumulated more CQA in their leaves than did those of either of their parental genotypes. The selections were grown over two seasons to assess their polyphenol profile (CQAs, apigenin and luteolin derivatives and narirutin), and were also fingerprinted using a set of 217 microsatellite markers. The growing environment exerted a strong effect on polyphenol content, but two of the selections were able to accumulate up to an order of magnitude more CQA than either parent in both growing seasons. Since the species is readily vegetatively propagable, such genotypes can be straightforwardly exploited as a source of pharmaceutically valuable compounds, while their SSR-based fingerprinting will allow the genetic identity of clonally propagated material to be easily verified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaetano Pandino
- Dipartimento di Agricoltura, Alimentazione e Ambiente Università degli Studi di CataniaCatania, Italy
| | - Sara Lombardo
- Dipartimento di Agricoltura, Alimentazione e Ambiente Università degli Studi di CataniaCatania, Italy
| | - Andrea Moglia
- Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie, Forestali e Alimentari, Università degli Studi di TorinoGrugliasco, Italy
- *Correspondence: Andrea Moglia, Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie, Forestali e Alimentari, Università degli Studi di Torino, Largo Paolo Braccini 2, 10095 Grugliasco, Italy e-mail:
| | - Ezio Portis
- Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie, Forestali e Alimentari, Università degli Studi di TorinoGrugliasco, Italy
| | - Sergio Lanteri
- Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie, Forestali e Alimentari, Università degli Studi di TorinoGrugliasco, Italy
| | - Giovanni Mauromicale
- Dipartimento di Agricoltura, Alimentazione e Ambiente Università degli Studi di CataniaCatania, Italy
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50
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Zoratti L, Karppinen K, Luengo Escobar A, Häggman H, Jaakola L. Light-controlled flavonoid biosynthesis in fruits. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2014; 5:534. [PMID: 25346743 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2014.005341996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2014] [Accepted: 09/19/2014] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Light is one of the most important environmental factors affecting flavonoid biosynthesis in plants. The absolute dependency of light to the plant development has driven evolvement of sophisticated mechanisms to sense and transduce multiple aspects of the light signal. Light effects can be categorized in photoperiod (duration), intensity (quantity), direction and quality (wavelength) including UV-light. Recently, new information has been achieved on the regulation of light-controlled flavonoid biosynthesis in fruits, in which flavonoids have a major contribution on quality. This review focuses on the effects of the different light conditions on the control of flavonoid biosynthesis in fruit producing plants. An overview of the currently known mechanisms of the light-controlled flavonoid accumulation is provided. R2R3 MYB transcription factors are known to regulate by differential expression the biosynthesis of distinct flavonoids in response to specific light wavelengths. Despite recent advances, many gaps remain to be understood in the mechanisms of the transduction pathway of light-controlled flavonoid biosynthesis. A better knowledge on these regulatory mechanisms is likely to be useful for breeding programs aiming to modify fruit flavonoid pattern.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Zoratti
- Department of Biology, University of Oulu Oulu, Finland
| | | | - Ana Luengo Escobar
- Programa de Doctorado en Ciencias de Recursos Naturales, Universidad de la Frontera Temuco, Chile
| | - Hely Häggman
- Department of Biology, University of Oulu Oulu, Finland
| | - Laura Jaakola
- Climate laboratory Holt, Department of Arctic and Marine Biology, UiT The Arctic University of Norway Tromsø, Norway ; Norwegian Institute for Agricultural and Environmental Research, Bioforsk Nord Holt Tromsø, Norway
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