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Myslivecek J. Multitargeting nature of muscarinic orthosteric agonists and antagonists. Front Physiol 2022; 13:974160. [PMID: 36148314 PMCID: PMC9486310 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.974160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Muscarinic receptors (mAChRs) are typical members of the G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) family and exist in five subtypes from M1 to M5. Muscarinic receptor subtypes do not sufficiently differ in affinity to orthosteric antagonists or agonists; therefore, the analysis of receptor subtypes is complicated, and misinterpretations can occur. Usually, when researchers mainly specialized in CNS and peripheral functions aim to study mAChR involvement in behavior, learning, spinal locomotor networks, biological rhythms, cardiovascular physiology, bronchoconstriction, gastrointestinal tract functions, schizophrenia, and Parkinson’s disease, they use orthosteric ligands and they do not use allosteric ligands. Moreover, they usually rely on manufacturers’ claims that could be misleading. This review aimed to call the attention of researchers not deeply focused on mAChR pharmacology to this fact. Importantly, limited selective binding is not only a property of mAChRs but is a general attribute of most neurotransmitter receptors. In this review, we want to give an overview of the most common off-targets for established mAChR ligands. In this context, an important point is a mention the tremendous knowledge gap on off-targets for novel compounds compared to very well-established ligands. Therefore, we will summarize reported affinities and give an outline of strategies to investigate the subtype’s function, thereby avoiding ambiguous results. Despite that, the multitargeting nature of drugs acting also on mAChR could be an advantage when treating such diseases as schizophrenia. Antipsychotics are a perfect example of a multitargeting advantage in treatment. A promising strategy is the use of allosteric ligands, although some of these ligands have also been shown to exhibit limited selectivity. Another new direction in the development of muscarinic selective ligands is functionally selective and biased agonists. The possible selective ligands, usually allosteric, will also be listed. To overcome the limited selectivity of orthosteric ligands, the recommended process is to carefully examine the presence of respective subtypes in specific tissues via knockout studies, carefully apply “specific” agonists/antagonists at appropriate concentrations and then calculate the probability of a specific subtype involvement in specific functions. This could help interested researchers aiming to study the central nervous system functions mediated by the muscarinic receptor.
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Lopes FB, Aranha CMSQ, Fernandes JPS. Histamine H 3 receptor and cholinesterases as synergistic targets for cognitive decline: Strategies to the rational design of multitarget ligands. Chem Biol Drug Des 2021; 98:212-225. [PMID: 33991182 DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.13866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2021] [Revised: 05/04/2021] [Accepted: 05/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The role of histamine and acetylcholine in cognitive functions suggests that compounds able to increase both histaminergic and cholinergic neurotransmissions in the brain should be considered as promising therapeutic options. For this purpose, dual inhibitors of histamine H3 receptors (H3 R) and cholinesterases (ChEs) have been designed and assessed. In this context, this paper reviews the strategies used to obtain dual H3 R/ChEs ligands using multitarget design approaches. Hybrid compounds designed by linking tacrine or flavonoid motifs to H3 R antagonists were obtained with high affinity for both targets, and compounds designed by merging the H3 R antagonist pharmacophore with known anticholinesterase molecules were also reported. These reports strongly suggest that key modifications in the lipophilic region (including a second basic group) seem to be a strategy to reach novel compounds, allied with longer linker groups to a basic region. Some compounds have already demonstrated efficacy in memory models, although the pharmacokinetic and toxicity profile should be considered when designing further compounds. In conclusion, the key features to be considered when designing novel H3 R/ChEs inhibitors with improved pharmacological profile were herein summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flávia B Lopes
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Cecília M S Q Aranha
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - João Paulo S Fernandes
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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Willems S, Ohrndorf J, Kilu W, Heering J, Merk D. Fragment-like Chloroquinolineamines Activate the Orphan Nuclear Receptor Nurr1 and Elucidate Activation Mechanisms. J Med Chem 2021; 64:2659-2668. [PMID: 33629841 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.0c01779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The ligand-activated transcription factor nuclear receptor related-1 (Nurr1) exhibits great potential for neurodegenerative disease treatment, but potent Nurr1 modulators to further probe and validate the nuclear receptor as a therapeutic target are lacking. We have systematically studied the structure-activity relationship of the 4-amino-7-chloroquinoline scaffold contained in Nurr1 activators amodiaquine and chloroquine and discovered fragment-like analogues that activated Nurr1 in several cellular settings. The most active descendants promoted the transcriptional activity of Nurr1 on human response elements as monomer, homodimer, and heterodimer and markedly enhanced Nurr1-dependent gene expression in human astrocytes. As a tool to elucidate mechanisms involving in Nurr1 activation, these Nurr1 agonists induced robust recruitment of NCoR1 and NCoR2 co-regulators to the Nurr1 ligand binding domain and promoted Nurr1 dimerization. These findings provide important insights in Nurr1 regulation. The fragment-sized Nurr1 agonists are appealing starting points for medicinal chemistry and valuable early Nurr1 agonist tools for pharmacology and chemical biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabine Willems
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Str. 9, D-60438 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Julia Ohrndorf
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Str. 9, D-60438 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Whitney Kilu
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Str. 9, D-60438 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Jan Heering
- Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology ITMP, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, D-60596 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Daniel Merk
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Str. 9, D-60438 Frankfurt, Germany
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Meewan I, Zhang X, Roy S, Ballatore C, O’Donoghue AJ, Schooley RT, Abagyan R. Discovery of New Inhibitors of Hepatitis C Virus NS3/4A Protease and Its D168A Mutant. ACS OMEGA 2019; 4:16999-17008. [PMID: 31646247 PMCID: PMC6796237 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.9b02491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2019] [Accepted: 09/02/2019] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is a human pathogen with high morbidity. The HCV NS3/4A protease is essential for viral replication and is one of the top three drug targets. Several drugs targeting the protease have been developed, but drug-resistant mutant strains emerged. Here, we screened a library and synthesized a novel class of small molecules based on a tryptophan derivative scaffold identified as HCV NS3/4A protease inhibitors that are active against both wild type and mutant form of the protease. Only the compounds with predicted binding poses not affected by the most frequent mutations in the active site were selected for experimental validation. The antiviral activities were evaluated by replicon and enzymatic assays. Twenty-two compounds were found to inhibit HCV with EC50 values ranging between 0.64 and 63 μM with compound 22 being the most active. In protease assays, 22 had a comparable inhibition profile for the common mutant HCV GT1b D168A and the wild-type enzyme. However, in the same assay, the potency of the approved drug, simeprevir, decreased 5.7-fold for the mutant enzyme relative to the wild type. The top three inhibitors were also tested against four human serine proteases and were shown to be specific to the viral protease. The fluorescence-based cell viability assay demonstrated a sufficient therapeutic range for the top three candidates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ittipat Meewan
- Skaggs
School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Chemistry
and Biochemistry, and School of Medicine, University
of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Xingquan Zhang
- Skaggs
School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Chemistry
and Biochemistry, and School of Medicine, University
of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Suchismita Roy
- Skaggs
School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Chemistry
and Biochemistry, and School of Medicine, University
of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Carlo Ballatore
- Skaggs
School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Chemistry
and Biochemistry, and School of Medicine, University
of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Anthony J. O’Donoghue
- Skaggs
School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Chemistry
and Biochemistry, and School of Medicine, University
of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Robert T. Schooley
- Skaggs
School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Chemistry
and Biochemistry, and School of Medicine, University
of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Ruben Abagyan
- Skaggs
School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Chemistry
and Biochemistry, and School of Medicine, University
of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
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Proschak E, Stark H, Merk D. Polypharmacology by Design: A Medicinal Chemist's Perspective on Multitargeting Compounds. J Med Chem 2018; 62:420-444. [PMID: 30035545 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.8b00760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 267] [Impact Index Per Article: 44.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Multitargeting compounds comprising activity on more than a single biological target have gained remarkable relevance in drug discovery owing to the complexity of multifactorial diseases such as cancer, inflammation, or the metabolic syndrome. Polypharmacological drug profiles can produce additive or synergistic effects while reducing side effects and significantly contribute to the high therapeutic success of indispensable drugs such as aspirin. While their identification has long been the result of serendipity, medicinal chemistry now tends to design polypharmacology. Modern in vitro pharmacological methods and chemical probes allow a systematic search for rational target combinations and recent innovations in computational technologies, crystallography, or fragment-based design equip multitarget compound development with valuable tools. In this Perspective, we analyze the relevance of multiple ligands in drug discovery and the versatile toolbox to design polypharmacology. We conclude that despite some characteristic challenges remaining unresolved, designed polypharmacology holds enormous potential to secure future therapeutic innovation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewgenij Proschak
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry , Goethe University Frankfurt , Max-von-Laue-Strasse 9 , D-60438 Frankfurt , Germany
| | - Holger Stark
- Institute of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry , Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf , Universitaetsstrasse 1 , D-40225 , Duesseldorf , Germany
| | - Daniel Merk
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry , Goethe University Frankfurt , Max-von-Laue-Strasse 9 , D-60438 Frankfurt , Germany.,Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH) Zürich , Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 4 , CH-8093 Zürich , Switzerland
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New tacrine dimers with antioxidant linkers as dual drugs: Anti-Alzheimer's and antiproliferative agents. Eur J Med Chem 2017; 138:761-773. [PMID: 28728108 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2017.06.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2017] [Revised: 05/12/2017] [Accepted: 06/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
We have designed a series of tacrine-based homo- and heterodimers that incorporate an antioxidant tether (selenoureido, chalcogenide) as new dual compounds: for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease and as antiproliferative agents. Symmetrical homodimers bearing a dichalcogenide or selenide-based tether, the best compounds in the series, were found to be strong and highly selective electric eel AChE inhibitors, with inhibition constants within the low nanomolar range. This high inhibitory activity was confirmed on recombinant human AChE for the most interesting derivatives. The three most promising homodimers also showed a good inhibitory activity towards amyloid-β self aggregation. The symmetric disulfide derivative bis[5-(1',2',3',4'-tetrahydroacridin-9'-ylamino)pentyl]disulfide (19) showed the best multipotent profile and was not neurotoxic on immortalized mouse cortical neurons even at 50 μM concentration. These results represent an improvement in activity and selectivity compared to parent tacrine, the first marketed drug against Alzheimer's disease. Title compounds also exhibited excellent in vitro antiproliferative activities against a panel of 6 human tumor cell lines, with GI50 values within the submicromolar range for the most potent derivatives (0.12-0.95 μM); such values represent a spectacular increase compared to currently-used chemotherapeutic agents, such as 5-FU (up to 306-fold) and cisplatin (up to 162-fold). Cell cycle experiments indicated the accumulation of cells in the G1 phase of the cycle, a different mechanism than the reported for cisplatin. The breast cancer cell lines turned out to be the most sensitive one of the panel tested.
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Nikolic K, Mavridis L, Djikic T, Vucicevic J, Agbaba D, Yelekci K, Mitchell JBO. Drug Design for CNS Diseases: Polypharmacological Profiling of Compounds Using Cheminformatic, 3D-QSAR and Virtual Screening Methodologies. Front Neurosci 2016; 10:265. [PMID: 27375423 PMCID: PMC4901078 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2016.00265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2016] [Accepted: 05/25/2016] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
HIGHLIGHTSMany CNS targets are being explored for multi-target drug design New databases and cheminformatic methods enable prediction of primary pharmaceutical target and off-targets of compounds QSAR, virtual screening and docking methods increase the potential of rational drug design
The diverse cerebral mechanisms implicated in Central Nervous System (CNS) diseases together with the heterogeneous and overlapping nature of phenotypes indicated that multitarget strategies may be appropriate for the improved treatment of complex brain diseases. Understanding how the neurotransmitter systems interact is also important in optimizing therapeutic strategies. Pharmacological intervention on one target will often influence another one, such as the well-established serotonin-dopamine interaction or the dopamine-glutamate interaction. It is now accepted that drug action can involve plural targets and that polypharmacological interaction with multiple targets, to address disease in more subtle and effective ways, is a key concept for development of novel drug candidates against complex CNS diseases. A multi-target therapeutic strategy for Alzheimer‘s disease resulted in the development of very effective Multi-Target Designed Ligands (MTDL) that act on both the cholinergic and monoaminergic systems, and also retard the progression of neurodegeneration by inhibiting amyloid aggregation. Many compounds already in databases have been investigated as ligands for multiple targets in drug-discovery programs. A probabilistic method, the Parzen-Rosenblatt Window approach, was used to build a “predictor” model using data collected from the ChEMBL database. The model can be used to predict both the primary pharmaceutical target and off-targets of a compound based on its structure. Several multi-target ligands were selected for further study, as compounds with possible additional beneficial pharmacological activities. Based on all these findings, it is concluded that multipotent ligands targeting AChE/MAO-A/MAO-B and also D1-R/D2-R/5-HT2A-R/H3-R are promising novel drug candidates with improved efficacy and beneficial neuroleptic and procognitive activities in treatment of Alzheimer's and related neurodegenerative diseases. Structural information for drug targets permits docking and virtual screening and exploration of the molecular determinants of binding, hence facilitating the design of multi-targeted drugs. The crystal structures and models of enzymes of the monoaminergic and cholinergic systems have been used to investigate the structural origins of target selectivity and to identify molecular determinants, in order to design MTDLs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarina Nikolic
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Lazaros Mavridis
- School of Biological and Chemical Sciences, Queen Mary University of London London, UK
| | - Teodora Djikic
- Department of Bioinformatics and Genetics, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Kadir Has University Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Jelica Vucicevic
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Danica Agbaba
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Kemal Yelekci
- Department of Bioinformatics and Genetics, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Kadir Has University Istanbul, Turkey
| | - John B O Mitchell
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry and Biomedical Sciences Research Complex, University of St Andrews St Andrews, UK
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Khanfar MA, Affini A, Lutsenko K, Nikolic K, Butini S, Stark H. Multiple Targeting Approaches on Histamine H3 Receptor Antagonists. Front Neurosci 2016; 10:201. [PMID: 27303254 PMCID: PMC4884744 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2016.00201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2016] [Accepted: 04/25/2016] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
With the very recent market approval of pitolisant (Wakix®), the interest in clinical applications of novel multifunctional histamine H3 receptor antagonists has clearly increased. Since histamine H3 receptor antagonists in clinical development have been tested for a variety of different indications, the combination of pharmacological properties in one molecule for improved pharmacological effects and reduced unwanted side-effects is rationally based on the increasing knowledge on the complex neurotransmitter regulations. The polypharmacological approaches on histamine H3 receptor antagonists on different G-protein coupled receptors, transporters, enzymes as well as on NO-signaling mechanism are described, supported with some lead structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad A Khanfar
- Stark Lab, Institut fuer Pharmazeutische and Medizinische Chemie, Heinrich-Heine-Universitaet DuesseldorfDuesseldorf, Germany; Faculty of Pharmacy, The University of JordanAmman, Jordan
| | - Anna Affini
- Stark Lab, Institut fuer Pharmazeutische and Medizinische Chemie, Heinrich-Heine-Universitaet Duesseldorf Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Kiril Lutsenko
- Stark Lab, Institut fuer Pharmazeutische and Medizinische Chemie, Heinrich-Heine-Universitaet Duesseldorf Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Katarina Nikolic
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Stefania Butini
- Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry, and Pharmacy, European Research Centre for Drug Discovery and Development, University of Siena Siena, Italy
| | - Holger Stark
- Stark Lab, Institut fuer Pharmazeutische and Medizinische Chemie, Heinrich-Heine-Universitaet Duesseldorf Duesseldorf, Germany
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Hebda M, Bajda M, Więckowska A, Szałaj N, Pasieka A, Panek D, Godyń J, Wichur T, Knez D, Gobec S, Malawska B. Synthesis, Molecular Modelling and Biological Evaluation of Novel Heterodimeric, Multiple Ligands Targeting Cholinesterases and Amyloid Beta. Molecules 2016; 21:410. [PMID: 27023510 PMCID: PMC6273065 DOI: 10.3390/molecules21040410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2016] [Revised: 03/17/2016] [Accepted: 03/23/2016] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Cholinesterases and amyloid beta are one of the major biological targets in the search for a new and efficacious treatment of Alzheimer's disease. The study describes synthesis and pharmacological evaluation of new compounds designed as dual binding site acetylcholinesterase inhibitors. Among the synthesized compounds, two deserve special attention--compounds 42 and 13. The former is a saccharin derivative and the most potent and selective acetylcholinesterase inhibitor (EeAChE IC50 = 70 nM). Isoindoline-1,3-dione derivative 13 displays balanced inhibitory potency against acetyl- and butyrylcholinesterase (BuChE) (EeAChE IC50 = 0.76 μM, EqBuChE IC50 = 0.618 μM), and it inhibits amyloid beta aggregation (35.8% at 10 μM). Kinetic studies show that the developed compounds act as mixed or non-competitive acetylcholinesterase inhibitors. According to molecular modelling studies, they are able to interact with both catalytic and peripheral active sites of the acetylcholinesterase. Their ability to cross the blood-brain barrier (BBB) was confirmed in vitro in the parallel artificial membrane permeability BBB assay. These compounds can be used as a solid starting point for further development of novel multifunctional ligands as potential anti-Alzheimer's agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michalina Hebda
- Department of Physicochemical Drug Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków 30-688, Poland.
| | - Marek Bajda
- Department of Physicochemical Drug Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków 30-688, Poland.
| | - Anna Więckowska
- Department of Physicochemical Drug Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków 30-688, Poland.
| | - Natalia Szałaj
- Department of Physicochemical Drug Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków 30-688, Poland.
| | - Anna Pasieka
- Department of Physicochemical Drug Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków 30-688, Poland.
| | - Dawid Panek
- Department of Physicochemical Drug Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków 30-688, Poland.
| | - Justyna Godyń
- Department of Physicochemical Drug Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków 30-688, Poland.
| | - Tomasz Wichur
- Department of Physicochemical Drug Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków 30-688, Poland.
| | - Damijan Knez
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana 1000, Slovenia.
| | - Stanislav Gobec
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana 1000, Slovenia.
| | - Barbara Malawska
- Department of Physicochemical Drug Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków 30-688, Poland.
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Kuder K, Łażewska D, Latacz G, Schwed JS, Karcz T, Stark H, Karolak-Wojciechowska J, Kieć-Kononowicz K. Chlorophenoxy aminoalkyl derivatives as histamine H(3)R ligands and antiseizure agents. Bioorg Med Chem 2015; 24:53-72. [PMID: 26690914 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2015.11.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2015] [Revised: 11/12/2015] [Accepted: 11/19/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
A series of twenty new chlorophenoxyalkylamine derivatives (9-28) was synthesized and evaluated on their binding properties at the human histamine H3 receptor (hH3R). The spacer alkyl chain contained five to seven carbon atoms. The highest affinities have shown the 4-chloro substituted derivatives 10 and 25 (Ki=133 and 128 nM, respectively) classified as antagonists in cAMP accumulation assay (EC50=72 and 75 nM, respectively). Synthesized compounds were also evaluated for anticonvulsant activity in Antiepileptic Screening Program (ASP) at National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (USA). Two compounds (4-chloro substituted derivatives: 20 and 26) were the most promising and showed in the MES seizure model in rats (after ip administration) ED50 values of 14 mg/kg and 13.18 mg/kg, respectively. Protective indexes (PI=TD50/ED50) were 3.2 for 20 and 3.8 for 26. Moreover, molecular modeling and docking studies were undertaken to explain affinity at hH3R of target compounds, and the experimentally and in silico estimation of properties like lipophilicity and metabolism was performed. Antiproliferative effects have been also investigated in vitro for selected compounds (10 and 25). These compounds neither possessed significant antiproliferative and antitumor activity, nor modulated CYP3A4 activity up to concentration of 10 μM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamil Kuder
- Jagiellonian University Medical College, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Technology and Biotechnology of Drugs, Medyczna 9, 30-688 Kraków, Poland
| | - Dorota Łażewska
- Jagiellonian University Medical College, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Technology and Biotechnology of Drugs, Medyczna 9, 30-688 Kraków, Poland
| | - Gniewomir Latacz
- Jagiellonian University Medical College, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Technology and Biotechnology of Drugs, Medyczna 9, 30-688 Kraków, Poland
| | - Johannes Stephan Schwed
- Institute of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Heinrich-Heine-University, Universitaetsstr. 1, 40225 Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Tadeusz Karcz
- Jagiellonian University Medical College, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Technology and Biotechnology of Drugs, Medyczna 9, 30-688 Kraków, Poland
| | - Holger Stark
- Institute of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Heinrich-Heine-University, Universitaetsstr. 1, 40225 Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Janina Karolak-Wojciechowska
- Institute of General and Ecological Chemistry, Technical University of Łódź, Żeromskiego 116 Str., 90-924 Łódź, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Kieć-Kononowicz
- Jagiellonian University Medical College, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Technology and Biotechnology of Drugs, Medyczna 9, 30-688 Kraków, Poland.
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Nikolic K, Agbaba D, Stark H. Pharmacophore modeling, drug design and virtual screening on multi-targeting procognitive agents approaching histaminergic pathways. J Taiwan Inst Chem Eng 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtice.2014.09.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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12
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Nikolic K, Mavridis L, Bautista-Aguilera OM, Marco-Contelles J, Stark H, do Carmo Carreiras M, Rossi I, Massarelli P, Agbaba D, Ramsay RR, Mitchell JBO. Predicting targets of compounds against neurological diseases using cheminformatic methodology. J Comput Aided Mol Des 2014; 29:183-98. [PMID: 25425329 DOI: 10.1007/s10822-014-9816-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2014] [Accepted: 11/20/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Recently developed multi-targeted ligands are novel drug candidates able to interact with monoamine oxidase A and B; acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase; or with histamine N-methyltransferase and histamine H3-receptor (H3R). These proteins are drug targets in the treatment of depression, Alzheimer's disease, obsessive disorders, and Parkinson's disease. A probabilistic method, the Parzen-Rosenblatt window approach, was used to build a "predictor" model using data collected from the ChEMBL database. The model can be used to predict both the primary pharmaceutical target and off-targets of a compound based on its structure. Molecular structures were represented based on the circular fingerprint methodology. The same approach was used to build a "predictor" model from the DrugBank dataset to determine the main pharmacological groups of the compound. The study of off-target interactions is now recognised as crucial to the understanding of both drug action and toxicology. Primary pharmaceutical targets and off-targets for the novel multi-target ligands were examined by use of the developed cheminformatic method. Several multi-target ligands were selected for further study, as compounds with possible additional beneficial pharmacological activities. The cheminformatic targets identifications were in agreement with four 3D-QSAR (H3R/D1R/D2R/5-HT2aR) models and by in vitro assays for serotonin 5-HT1a and 5-HT2a receptor binding of the most promising ligand (71/MBA-VEG8).
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarina Nikolic
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Belgrade, Vojvode Stepe 450, 11000, Belgrade, Serbia,
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Lipani L, Odadzic D, Weizel L, Schwed JS, Sadek B, Stark H. Studies on molecular properties prediction and histamine H3 receptor affinities of novel ligands with uracil-based motifs. Eur J Med Chem 2014; 86:578-88. [PMID: 25218907 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2014.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2014] [Revised: 08/16/2014] [Accepted: 09/04/2014] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The histamine H3 receptor (H3R) plays a role in cognitive and memory processes and is involved in different neurological disorders, including Alzheimer's disease, schizophrenia, and narcolepsy. Therefore, several hH3R antagonists/inverse agonists entered clinical phases for a broad spectrum of mainly centrally occurring diseases. However, many other promising candidates failed due to their pharmacokinetic profile, mostly because of their strong lipophilicity accompanied with low solubility. Analysis of previous potential H3R selective antagonists/inverse agonists, e.g. pitolisant, revealed promising results concerning physicochemical properties and drug-likeness. Herein, a series of new hH3R ligands 8-20 consisting of piperidin-1-yl or piperidin-1-yl-propoxyphenyl coupled to different uracil, thymine, and 5,6-dimethyluracil related moieties, were synthesized, evaluated on their binding properties at the hH3R and the estimation of different physicochemical and drug-likeness properties. Due to the coupling to various positions at pyrimidine-2,4-(1H,3H)-dione, affinity at hH3Rs and drug-likeness parameters have been improved. For instance, compound 9 showed in addition to high affinity at the hH3R (pKi (hH3R) = 8.14) clog S, clog P, LE, LipE, and drug-likeness score values of -4.36, 3.47, 0.34, 4.63, and 1.54, respectively. Also, the methyl substituted analog 17 (pKi (hH3R) = 8.15) revealed LE, LipE and drug-likeness score values of -3.29, 2.47, 0.49, 5.52, and 1.76, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Lipani
- Department of Drug Sciences, University of Catania, Viale A. Doria, 6, I-95125 Catania, Italy; Biocenter, Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Johann-Wolfgang Goethe University, Max-von-Laue-Str. 9, 60438 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Dalibor Odadzic
- Biocenter, Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Johann-Wolfgang Goethe University, Max-von-Laue-Str. 9, 60438 Frankfurt, Germany; German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Lilia Weizel
- Biocenter, Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Johann-Wolfgang Goethe University, Max-von-Laue-Str. 9, 60438 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Johannes-Stephan Schwed
- Biocenter, Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Johann-Wolfgang Goethe University, Max-von-Laue-Str. 9, 60438 Frankfurt, Germany; Institute of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Heinrich Heine University, Universitaetsstr. 1, 40225 Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Bassem Sadek
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, P.O. Box 17666, United Arab Emirates.
| | - Holger Stark
- Biocenter, Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Johann-Wolfgang Goethe University, Max-von-Laue-Str. 9, 60438 Frankfurt, Germany; Institute of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Heinrich Heine University, Universitaetsstr. 1, 40225 Duesseldorf, Germany.
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14
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Nikolic K, Filipic S, Agbaba D, Stark H. Procognitive properties of drugs with single and multitargeting H3 receptor antagonist activities. CNS Neurosci Ther 2014; 20:613-23. [PMID: 24836924 DOI: 10.1111/cns.12279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2014] [Revised: 04/07/2014] [Accepted: 04/07/2014] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The histamine H3 receptor (H3 R) is an important modulator of numerous central control mechanisms. Novel lead optimizations for H3 R antagonists/inverse agonists involved studies of structure-activity relationships, cross-affinities, and pharmacokinetic properties of promising ligands. Blockade of inhibitory histamine H3 autoreceptors reinforces histaminergic transmission, while antagonism of H3 heteroreceptors accelerates the corticolimbic liberation of acetylcholine, norepinephrine, glutamate, dopamine, serotonin and gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA). The H3 R positioned at numerous neurotransmission crossroads indicates therapeutic applications of small-molecule H3 R modulators in a number of psychiatric and neurodegenerative diseases with various clinical candidates available. Dual target drugs displaying H3 R antagonism/inverse agonism with inhibition of acetylcholine esterase (AChE), histamine N-methyltransferase (HMT), or serotonin transporter (SERT) are novel class of procognitive agents. Main chemical diversities, pharmacophores, and pharmacological profiles of procognitive agents acting as H3 R antagonists/inverse agonists and dual H3 R antagonists/inverse agonists with inhibiting activity on AChE, HMT, or SERT are highlighted here.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarina Nikolic
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
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15
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de Sousa J, Brown RCD, Baati R. Buchwald-Hartwig Amination Approach for the Synthesis of Functionalized 1,2,3,4-Tetrahydroacridine Derivatives. European J Org Chem 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201402122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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16
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Ros-Blanco L, Anido J, Bosser R, Esté J, Clotet B, Kosoy A, Ruíz-Ávila L, Teixidó J, Seoane J, Borrell JI. Noncyclam Tetraamines Inhibit CXC Chemokine Receptor Type 4 and Target Glioma-Initiating Cells. J Med Chem 2012; 55:7560-70. [DOI: 10.1021/jm300862u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Laia Ros-Blanco
- Grup d’Enginyeria
Molecular,
Institut Químic de Sarrià, Universitat Ramon Llull,
Via Augusta 390, E-08017 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Judit Anido
- Translational Research Program,
Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Vall d’Hebron University
Hospital, E-08035 Barcelona, Spain and Universitat Autònoma
de Barcelona, E-08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
| | - Ramon Bosser
- Janus Development SL, Parc Científic
Barcelona, Baldiri Reixac 10-12, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - José Esté
- IrsiCaixa, Hospital Universitari
Germans Trias i Pujol, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, E-08916
Badalona, Spain
| | - Bonaventura Clotet
- IrsiCaixa, Hospital Universitari
Germans Trias i Pujol, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, E-08916
Badalona, Spain
| | - Ana Kosoy
- Janus Development SL, Parc Científic
Barcelona, Baldiri Reixac 10-12, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Luis Ruíz-Ávila
- Janus Development SL, Parc Científic
Barcelona, Baldiri Reixac 10-12, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jordi Teixidó
- Grup d’Enginyeria
Molecular,
Institut Químic de Sarrià, Universitat Ramon Llull,
Via Augusta 390, E-08017 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Joan Seoane
- Translational Research Program,
Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Vall d’Hebron University
Hospital, E-08035 Barcelona, Spain and Universitat Autònoma
de Barcelona, E-08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
| | - José I. Borrell
- Grup d’Enginyeria
Molecular,
Institut Químic de Sarrià, Universitat Ramon Llull,
Via Augusta 390, E-08017 Barcelona, Spain
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17
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Pharmacophore modeling, virtual screening and docking studies to identify novel HNMT inhibitors. J Taiwan Inst Chem Eng 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtice.2012.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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18
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Bajda M, Kuder KJ, Łażewska D, Kieć-Kononowicz K, Więckowska A, Ignasik M, Guzior N, Jończyk J, Malawska B. Dual-Acting Diether Derivatives of Piperidine and Homopiperidine with Histamine H3 Receptor Antagonistic and Anticholinesterase Activity. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 2012; 345:591-7. [DOI: 10.1002/ardp.201200018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2012] [Revised: 03/16/2012] [Accepted: 03/21/2012] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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19
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Ignasik M, Bajda M, Guzior N, Prinz M, Holzgrabe U, Malawska B. Design, synthesis and evaluation of novel 2-(aminoalkyl)-isoindoline-1,3-dione derivatives as dual-binding site acetylcholinesterase inhibitors. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 2012; 345:509-16. [PMID: 22467516 DOI: 10.1002/ardp.201100423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2011] [Revised: 01/23/2012] [Accepted: 02/16/2012] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
A new series of 2-(diethylaminoalkyl)-isoindoline-1,3-dione derivatives intended as dual binding site cholinesterase inhibitors were designed using molecular modeling and evaluated as inhibitors of acetylcholinesterase (AChE), butyrylcholinesterase (BuChE), and the formation of the β-amyloid (Aβ) plaques. For AChE inhibitory activity, the spectrophotometric method of Ellman and the electrophoretically mediated microanalysis assay were used, giving good results. Most of the synthesized compounds had AChE inhibitory activity with IC(50) values ranging from IC(50) = 0.9 to 19.5 µM and weak Aβ anti-aggregation inhibitory activity. These results support the outcome of docking studies which tested compounds targeting both the catalytic active site (CAS) and the peripheral anionic site (PAS) of AChE. The most promising selective AChE inhibitors are compounds 10 (IC(50) = 1.2 µM) and 11 (IC(50) = 1.1 µM), with 6-7 methylene chains, which also inhibit Aβ fibril formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michalina Ignasik
- Department of Physicochemical Drug Analysis, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland
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20
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Sundar BG, Bailey TR, Dunn D, Hostetler GA, Chatterjee S, Bacon ER, Yue C, Schweizer D, Aimone LD, Gruner JA, Lyons J, Raddatz R, Lesur B. Novel morpholine ketone analogs as potent histamine H3 receptor inverse agonists with wake activity. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2012; 22:1546-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2012.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2011] [Revised: 01/02/2012] [Accepted: 01/03/2012] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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21
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Labeeuw O, Levoin N, Poupardin-Olivier O, Calmels T, Ligneau X, Berrebi-Bertrand I, Robert P, Lecomte JM, Schwartz JC, Capet M. Novel and highly potent histamine H3 receptor ligands. Part 2: Exploring the cyclohexylamine-based series. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2011; 21:5384-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2011.06.102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2011] [Revised: 06/21/2011] [Accepted: 06/22/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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22
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Cross RM, Maignan JR, Mutka TS, Luong L, Sargent J, Kyle DE, Manetsch R. Optimization of 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroacridin-9(10H)-ones as antimalarials utilizing structure-activity and structure-property relationships. J Med Chem 2011; 54:4399-426. [PMID: 21630666 DOI: 10.1021/jm200015a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Antimalarial activity of 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroacridin-9(10H)-ones (THAs) has been known since the 1940s and has garnered more attention with the development of the acridinedione floxacrine (1) in the 1970s and analogues thereof such as WR 243251 (2a) in the 1990s. These compounds failed just prior to clinical development because of suboptimal activity, poor solubility, and rapid induction of parasite resistance. Moreover, detailed structure-activity relationship (SAR) studies of the THA core scaffold were lacking and SPR studies were nonexistent. To improve upon initial findings, several series of 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroacridin-9(10H)-ones were synthesized and tested in a systematic fashion, examining each compound for antimalarial activity, solubility, and permeability. Furthermore, a select set of compounds was chosen for microsomal stability testing to identify physicochemical liabilities of the THA scaffold. Several potent compounds (EC(50) < 100 nM) were identified to be active against the clinically relevant isolates W2 and TM90-C2B while possessing good physicochemical properties and little to no cross-resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Matthew Cross
- Department of Chemistry, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida 33620, United States
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23
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Beigi M, Ricken S, Müller KS, Koç F, Eilbracht P. Convergent Synthesis of Polynitrile and/or Polyamine Dendrimers through Hydroaminomethylation and Michael Addition. European J Org Chem 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201001307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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24
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Altenbach RJ, Black LA, Strakhova MI, Manelli AM, Carr TL, Marsh KC, Wetter JM, Wensink EJ, Hsieh GC, Honore P, Garrison TR, Brioni JD, Cowart MD. Diaryldiamines with dual inhibition of the histamine H(3) receptor and the norepinephrine transporter and the efficacy of 4-(3-(methylamino)-1-phenylpropyl)-6-(2-(pyrrolidin-1-yl)ethoxy)naphthalen-1-ol in pain. J Med Chem 2010; 53:7869-73. [PMID: 20945906 DOI: 10.1021/jm100666w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A series of compounds was designed as dual inhibitors of the H(3) receptor and the norepinephrine transporter. Compound 5 (rNET K(i) = 14 nM; rH(3)R K(i) = 37 nM) was found to be efficacious in a rat model of osteoarthritic pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert J Altenbach
- Neuroscience Research, Global Pharmaceutical Research and Development, Abbott Laboratories, 100 Abbott Park Road, Abbott Park, Illinois 60064-6100, United States.
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25
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Berlin M, Boyce CW, de Lera Ruiz M. Histamine H3 Receptor as a Drug Discovery Target. J Med Chem 2010; 54:26-53. [DOI: 10.1021/jm100064d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Michael Berlin
- Chemical Research, Merck Research Laboratories, 2015 Galloping Hill Road, Kenilworth, New Jersey 07033, United States
| | - Christopher W. Boyce
- Chemical Research, Merck Research Laboratories, 2015 Galloping Hill Road, Kenilworth, New Jersey 07033, United States
| | - Manuel de Lera Ruiz
- Chemical Research, Merck Research Laboratories, 2015 Galloping Hill Road, Kenilworth, New Jersey 07033, United States
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26
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Incerti M, Flammini L, Saccani F, Morini G, Comini M, Coruzzi M, Barocelli E, Ballabeni V, Bertoni S. Dual-Acting Drugs: an in vitro Study of Nonimidazole Histamine H3 Receptor Antagonists Combining Anticholinesterase Activity. ChemMedChem 2010; 5:1143-9. [DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.201000008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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27
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Farag NA, Mohamed SR, Soliman GA. Design, synthesis, and docking studies of novel benzopyrone derivatives as H1-antihistaminic agents. Bioorg Med Chem 2008; 16:9009-17. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2008.08.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2008] [Revised: 08/04/2008] [Accepted: 08/20/2008] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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28
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Levoin N, Calmels T, Poupardin-Olivier O, Labeeuw O, Danvy D, Robert P, Berrebi-Bertrand I, Ganellin CR, Schunack W, Stark H, Capet M. Refined Docking as a Valuable Tool for Lead Optimization: Application to Histamine H3Receptor Antagonists. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 2008; 341:610-23. [DOI: 10.1002/ardp.200800042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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29
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Chen HF. Computational study of histamine H3-receptor antagonist with support vector machines and three dimension quantitative structure activity relationship methods. Anal Chim Acta 2008; 624:203-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2008.06.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2008] [Revised: 06/24/2008] [Accepted: 06/25/2008] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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30
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Roche O, Nettekoven M, Vifian W, Sarmiento RMR. Refinement of histamine H3 ligands pharmacophore model leads to a new class of potent and selective naphthalene inverse agonists. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2008; 18:4377-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2008.06.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2008] [Revised: 06/17/2008] [Accepted: 06/18/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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31
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Sander K, Kottke T, Stark H. Histamine H3 Receptor Antagonists Go to Clinics. Biol Pharm Bull 2008; 31:2163-81. [DOI: 10.1248/bpb.31.2163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 162] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kerstin Sander
- Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität Frankfurt am Main, Institut für Pharmazeutische Chemie
| | - Tim Kottke
- Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität Frankfurt am Main, Institut für Pharmazeutische Chemie
| | - Holger Stark
- Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität Frankfurt am Main, Institut für Pharmazeutische Chemie
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32
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Procopiou PA, Ancliff RA, Bamford MJ, Browning C, Connor H, Davies S, Fogden YC, Hodgson ST, Holmes DS, Looker BE, Morriss KML, Parr CA, Pickup EA, Sehmi SS, White GV, Watts CJ, Wilson DM, Woodrow MD. 4-Acyl-1-(4-aminoalkoxyphenyl)-2-ketopiperazines as a Novel Class of Non-Brain-Penetrant Histamine H3 Receptor Antagonists. J Med Chem 2007; 50:6706-17. [DOI: 10.1021/jm0708228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Panayiotis A. Procopiou
- Departments of Chemistry, Pharmacology, Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, GlaxoSmithKline Medicines Research Centre, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, Hertfordshire, SG1 2NY, U.K., and GlaxoSmithKline New Frontiers Science Park South, Third Avenue, Harlow, Essex, CM19 5AW, U.K
| | - Rachael A. Ancliff
- Departments of Chemistry, Pharmacology, Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, GlaxoSmithKline Medicines Research Centre, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, Hertfordshire, SG1 2NY, U.K., and GlaxoSmithKline New Frontiers Science Park South, Third Avenue, Harlow, Essex, CM19 5AW, U.K
| | - Mark J. Bamford
- Departments of Chemistry, Pharmacology, Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, GlaxoSmithKline Medicines Research Centre, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, Hertfordshire, SG1 2NY, U.K., and GlaxoSmithKline New Frontiers Science Park South, Third Avenue, Harlow, Essex, CM19 5AW, U.K
| | - Christopher Browning
- Departments of Chemistry, Pharmacology, Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, GlaxoSmithKline Medicines Research Centre, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, Hertfordshire, SG1 2NY, U.K., and GlaxoSmithKline New Frontiers Science Park South, Third Avenue, Harlow, Essex, CM19 5AW, U.K
| | - Helen Connor
- Departments of Chemistry, Pharmacology, Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, GlaxoSmithKline Medicines Research Centre, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, Hertfordshire, SG1 2NY, U.K., and GlaxoSmithKline New Frontiers Science Park South, Third Avenue, Harlow, Essex, CM19 5AW, U.K
| | - Susannah Davies
- Departments of Chemistry, Pharmacology, Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, GlaxoSmithKline Medicines Research Centre, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, Hertfordshire, SG1 2NY, U.K., and GlaxoSmithKline New Frontiers Science Park South, Third Avenue, Harlow, Essex, CM19 5AW, U.K
| | - Yvonne C. Fogden
- Departments of Chemistry, Pharmacology, Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, GlaxoSmithKline Medicines Research Centre, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, Hertfordshire, SG1 2NY, U.K., and GlaxoSmithKline New Frontiers Science Park South, Third Avenue, Harlow, Essex, CM19 5AW, U.K
| | - Simon T. Hodgson
- Departments of Chemistry, Pharmacology, Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, GlaxoSmithKline Medicines Research Centre, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, Hertfordshire, SG1 2NY, U.K., and GlaxoSmithKline New Frontiers Science Park South, Third Avenue, Harlow, Essex, CM19 5AW, U.K
| | - Duncan S. Holmes
- Departments of Chemistry, Pharmacology, Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, GlaxoSmithKline Medicines Research Centre, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, Hertfordshire, SG1 2NY, U.K., and GlaxoSmithKline New Frontiers Science Park South, Third Avenue, Harlow, Essex, CM19 5AW, U.K
| | - Brian E. Looker
- Departments of Chemistry, Pharmacology, Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, GlaxoSmithKline Medicines Research Centre, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, Hertfordshire, SG1 2NY, U.K., and GlaxoSmithKline New Frontiers Science Park South, Third Avenue, Harlow, Essex, CM19 5AW, U.K
| | - Karen M. L. Morriss
- Departments of Chemistry, Pharmacology, Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, GlaxoSmithKline Medicines Research Centre, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, Hertfordshire, SG1 2NY, U.K., and GlaxoSmithKline New Frontiers Science Park South, Third Avenue, Harlow, Essex, CM19 5AW, U.K
| | - Christopher A. Parr
- Departments of Chemistry, Pharmacology, Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, GlaxoSmithKline Medicines Research Centre, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, Hertfordshire, SG1 2NY, U.K., and GlaxoSmithKline New Frontiers Science Park South, Third Avenue, Harlow, Essex, CM19 5AW, U.K
| | - Elizabeth A. Pickup
- Departments of Chemistry, Pharmacology, Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, GlaxoSmithKline Medicines Research Centre, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, Hertfordshire, SG1 2NY, U.K., and GlaxoSmithKline New Frontiers Science Park South, Third Avenue, Harlow, Essex, CM19 5AW, U.K
| | - Sanjeet S. Sehmi
- Departments of Chemistry, Pharmacology, Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, GlaxoSmithKline Medicines Research Centre, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, Hertfordshire, SG1 2NY, U.K., and GlaxoSmithKline New Frontiers Science Park South, Third Avenue, Harlow, Essex, CM19 5AW, U.K
| | - Gemma V. White
- Departments of Chemistry, Pharmacology, Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, GlaxoSmithKline Medicines Research Centre, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, Hertfordshire, SG1 2NY, U.K., and GlaxoSmithKline New Frontiers Science Park South, Third Avenue, Harlow, Essex, CM19 5AW, U.K
| | - Clarissa J. Watts
- Departments of Chemistry, Pharmacology, Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, GlaxoSmithKline Medicines Research Centre, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, Hertfordshire, SG1 2NY, U.K., and GlaxoSmithKline New Frontiers Science Park South, Third Avenue, Harlow, Essex, CM19 5AW, U.K
| | - David M. Wilson
- Departments of Chemistry, Pharmacology, Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, GlaxoSmithKline Medicines Research Centre, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, Hertfordshire, SG1 2NY, U.K., and GlaxoSmithKline New Frontiers Science Park South, Third Avenue, Harlow, Essex, CM19 5AW, U.K
| | - Michael D. Woodrow
- Departments of Chemistry, Pharmacology, Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, GlaxoSmithKline Medicines Research Centre, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, Hertfordshire, SG1 2NY, U.K., and GlaxoSmithKline New Frontiers Science Park South, Third Avenue, Harlow, Essex, CM19 5AW, U.K
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33
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Narkhede S, Degani M. Pharmacophore Refinement and 3D-QSAR Studies of Histamine H3 Antagonists. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007. [DOI: 10.1002/qsar.200610144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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34
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Amon M, Ligneau X, Camelin JC, Berrebi-Bertrand I, Schwartz JC, Stark H. Highly Potent Fluorescence-Tagged Nonimidazole Histamine H3 Receptor Ligands. ChemMedChem 2007; 2:708-16. [PMID: 17361979 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.200600270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Different (3-phenoxypropyl)piperidine derivatives have been coupled to fluorescent moieties (5-dimethylaminonaphthalene-1-sulfonyl, carbazol-9-ylcarbonyl, 2-cyanoisoindol-1-yl, 2-cyanobenzo[f]isoindol-1-yl, 2,4-dinitrobenzen-1-yl, 2,4-diaminophenyl, 7-nitrobenzofurazan-4-yl, 7-aminosulfonylbenzofurazan-4-yl, 4-methylcoumarin-6-yl) as novel histamine H(3) receptor ligands. They have been synthesised starting from piperidine in a few steps. The compounds display good to excellent histamine hH(3) receptor affinities with K(i) values ranging from 13.4 to 0.048 nM. Some of the new compounds belong to the most potent ligands known so far and may act as tools for identification and understanding of the binding site on the histamine H(3) receptor. In vivo screening on selected derivatives of Sanger's reagent showed antagonist potencies with ED(50) values from 7.9 to 0.39 mg kg(-1), p.o.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Amon
- Institut für Pharmazeutische Chemie, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität, ZAFES/CMP, Biozentrum, Max-von-Laue-Str. 9, 60438 Frankfurt, Germany
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Chapter 4 Recent Advances in Drug Discovery of Histamine H3 Antagonists. ANNUAL REPORTS IN MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY VOLUME 42 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/s0065-7743(07)42004-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
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36
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Karginov VA, Nestorovich EM, Yohannes A, Robinson TM, Fahmi NE, Schmidtmann F, Hecht SM, Bezrukov SM. Search for cyclodextrin-based inhibitors of anthrax toxins: synthesis, structural features, and relative activities. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2006; 50:3740-53. [PMID: 16982795 PMCID: PMC1635233 DOI: 10.1128/aac.00693-06] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Recently, using structure-inspired drug design, we demonstrated that aminoalkyl derivatives of beta-cyclodextrin inhibited anthrax lethal toxin action by blocking the transmembrane pore formed by the protective antigen (PA) subunit of the toxin. In the present study, we evaluate a series of new beta-cyclodextrin derivatives with the goal of identifying potent inhibitors of anthrax toxins. Newly synthesized hepta-6-thioaminoalkyl and hepta-6-thioguanidinoalkyl derivatives of beta-cyclodextrin with alkyl spacers of various lengths were tested for the ability to inhibit cytotoxicity of lethal toxin in cells as well as to block ion conductance through PA channels reconstituted in planar bilayer lipid membranes. Most of the tested derivatives were protective against anthrax lethal toxin action at low or submicromolar concentrations. They also blocked ion conductance through PA channels at concentrations as low as 0.1 nM. The activities of the derivatives in both cell protection and channel blocking were found to depend on the length and chemical nature of the substituent groups. One of the compounds was also shown to block the edema toxin activity. It is hoped that these results will help to identify a new class of drugs for anthrax treatment, i.e., drugs that block the pathway for toxin translocation into the cytosol, the PA channel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vladimir A Karginov
- Innovative Biologics, Inc., 10900 University Blvd., MSN 1A8, Manassas, VA 20110, USA.
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Celanire S, Wijtmans M, Talaga P, Leurs R, de Esch IJP. Keynote review: histamine H3 receptor antagonists reach out for the clinic. Drug Discov Today 2006; 10:1613-27. [PMID: 16376822 DOI: 10.1016/s1359-6446(05)03625-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 180] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Antagonists of the histamine H(1) and H(2) receptors have been successful as blockbuster drugs for treating allergic conditions and gastric ulcers, respectively. As such, histamine receptors have made a significant contribution to establishing G-Protein-coupled receptors as the favored drug targets of the industry. In this light, it can easily be understood that the discovery of a third histamine receptor subtype (H(3)R) in 1983 was greeted with considerable excitement. However, characterization of the H(3)R turned out to be far from trivial. In the past five years, molecular biology approaches have given fresh impetus to the H(3)R research field. As a result, H(3)R ligands are where they were anticipated to be 20 years ago: at the center of attention and on the verge of an anticipated breakthrough as the next generation of histaminergic blockbuster drugs. Here, we assess the status of the H(3)R medicinal chemistry programs of the various players in the field, as far as can be deduced from patent applications and scientific literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylvain Celanire
- Department of Chemical Research, Chemin du Foriest, B-1420 Braine-l'Alleud, Belgium
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38
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Axe FU, Bembenek SD, Szalma S. Three-dimensional models of histamine H3 receptor antagonist complexes and their pharmacophore. J Mol Graph Model 2006; 24:456-64. [PMID: 16386444 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmgm.2005.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2005] [Revised: 10/03/2005] [Accepted: 10/03/2005] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Molecular modeling was used to analyze the binding mode and activities of histamine H3 receptor antagonists. A model of the H3 receptor was constructed through homology modeling methods based on the crystal structure of bovine rhodopsin. Known H3 antagonists were interactively docked into the putative antagonist binding pocket and the resultant model was subjected to molecular mechanics energy minimization and molecular dynamics simulations which included a continuum model of the lipid bilayer and intra- and extracellular aqueous environments surrounding the transmembrane helices. The transmembrane helices stayed well embedded in the dielectric slab representing the lipid bilayer and the intra- and extracellular loops remain situated in the aqueous solvent region of the model during molecular dynamics simulations of up to 200 ps in duration. A pharmacophore model was calculated by mapping the features common to three active compounds three-dimensionally in space. The 3D pharmacophore model complements our atomistic receptor/ligand modeling. The H3 antagonist pharmacophore consists of two protonation sites (i.e. basic centers) connected by a central aromatic ring or hydrophobic region. These two basic sites can simultaneously interact with Asp 114 (3.32) in helix III and a Glu 206 (5.46) in helix V which are believed to be the key residues that histamine interacts with to stabilize the receptor in the active state. The interaction with Glu 206 is consistent with the enhanced activity resulting from the additional basic site. In addition to these two salt bridging interactions, the central region of these antagonists contains a lipophilic group, usually an aromatic ring, that is found to interact with several nearby hydrophobic side chains. The picture of antagonist binding provided by these models is consistent with earlier pharmacophore models for H3 antagonists with some exceptions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frank U Axe
- Axe Consulting Services, 14595 Surrey Junction Lane, Sutter Creek, CA 95685, USA.
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Rivara M, Zuliani V, Cocconcelli G, Morini G, Comini M, Rivara S, Mor M, Bordi F, Barocelli E, Ballabeni V, Bertoni S, Plazzi PV. Synthesis and biological evaluation of new non-imidazole H3-receptor antagonists of the 2-aminobenzimidazole series. Bioorg Med Chem 2006; 14:1413-24. [PMID: 16263297 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2005.09.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2005] [Revised: 09/21/2005] [Accepted: 09/27/2005] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
A novel series of non-imidazole H(3)-receptor antagonists was developed, by chemical modification of a potent lead H(3)-antagonist composed by an imidazole ring connected through an alkyl spacer to a 2-aminobenzimidazole moiety (e.g., 2-[[3-[4(5)-imidazolyl]propyl]amino]benzimidazole), previously reported by our research group. We investigated whether the removal of the imidazole ring could allow retaining high affinity for the H(3)-receptor, thanks to the interactions undertaken by the 2-aminobenzimidazole moiety at the binding site. The imidazole ring of the lead was replaced by a basic piperidine or by a lipophilic p-chlorophenoxy substituent, modulating the spacer length from three to eight methylene groups; moreover, the substituents were moved to the 5(6) position of the benzimidazole nucleus. Within both the 2-alkylaminobenzimidazole series and the 5(6)-alkoxy-2-aminobenzimidazole one, the greatest H(3)-receptor affinity was obtained for the piperidine-substituted compounds, while the presence of the p-chlorophenoxy group resulted in a drop in affinity. The optimal chain length was different in the two series. Even if the new compounds did not reach the high receptor affinity shown by the imidazole-containing lead compound, it was possible to get good H(3)-antagonist potencies with 2-aminobenzimidazoles having a tertiary amino group at appropriate distance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirko Rivara
- Dipartimento Farmaceutico, Università degli Studi di Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 27/A, Italy
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Letavic MA, Barbier AJ, Dvorak CA, Carruthers NI. Recent medicinal chemistry of the histamine H3 receptor. PROGRESS IN MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY 2006; 44:181-206. [PMID: 16697898 DOI: 10.1016/s0079-6468(05)44405-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Michael A Letavic
- Johnson and Johnson Pharmaceutical Research and Development LLC, San Diego, CA 92121, USA
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41
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Horton JR, Sawada K, Nishibori M, Cheng X. Structural basis for inhibition of histamine N-methyltransferase by diverse drugs. J Mol Biol 2005; 353:334-344. [PMID: 16168438 PMCID: PMC4021489 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2005.08.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2005] [Revised: 08/11/2005] [Accepted: 08/18/2005] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
In mammals, histamine action is terminated through metabolic inactivation by histamine N-methyltransferase (HNMT) and diamine oxidase. In addition to three well-studied pharmacological functions, smooth muscle contraction, increased vascular permeability, and stimulation of gastric acid secretion, histamine plays important roles in neurotransmission, immunomodulation, and regulation of cell proliferation. The histamine receptor H1 antagonist diphenhydramine, the antimalarial drug amodiaquine, the antifolate drug metoprine, and the anticholinesterase drug tacrine (an early drug for Alzheimer's disease) are surprisingly all potent HNMT inhibitors, having inhibition constants in the range of 10-100nM. We have determined the structural mode of interaction of these four inhibitors with HNMT. Despite their structural diversity, they all occupy the histamine-binding site, thus blocking access to the enzyme's active site. Near the N terminus of HNMT, several aromatic residues (Phe9, Tyr15, and Phe19) adopt different rotamer conformations or become disordered in the enzyme-inhibitor complexes, accommodating the diverse, rigid hydrophobic groups of the inhibitors. The maximized shape complementarity between the protein aromatic side-chains and aromatic ring(s) of the inhibitors are responsible for the tight binding of these varied inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- John R. Horton
- Department of Biochemistry Emory University School of Medicine, 1510 Clifton Road Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Ken Sawada
- Department of Biochemistry Emory University School of Medicine, 1510 Clifton Road Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Masahiro Nishibori
- Department of Pharmacology Okayama University Medical School, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho Okayama 700-5885, Japan
| | - Xiaodong Cheng
- Department of Biochemistry Emory University School of Medicine, 1510 Clifton Road Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
- Corresponding author
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42
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Walczyński K, Zuiderveld OP, Timmerman H. Non-imidazole histamine H3 ligands. Part III. New 4-n-propylpiperazines as non-imidazole histamine H3-antagonists. Eur J Med Chem 2005; 40:15-23. [PMID: 15642406 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2004.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2004] [Revised: 09/01/2004] [Accepted: 09/06/2004] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
In search for a new lead of non-imidazole histamine H3-receptor antagonists, a series of 1[(2-thiazolopyridine)-4-n-propyl]piperazines, the analogous 1-[(2-oxazolopyridine)-4-npropyl]piperazines, 1-[(2-benzothiazole)-4-n-propyl]piperazine and 1-[(2-benzooxazole)4-n-propyl]piperazine were prepared and in vitro tested as H3-receptor antagonists (the electrically evoked contraction of the guinea-pig jejunum). It appeared that by comparison of homologous pairs the thiazolo derivatives have slightly higher activity than their oxazolo analogues. The most potent compound of these series is the 1-(2-thiazolo[4,5-c]pyridine)-4-n-propylpiperazine (3c) with pA2 = 7.25 (its oxazole analogue (4g) showed pA2 = 6.9). The structure-activity relationships for compounds with various positions of the nitrogen in the benzene ring for the thiazoles compared with oxazoles are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krzysztof Walczyński
- Department of Synthesis and Technology of Drugs, Medical University Muszyńskiego, Muszyńskiego Street 1, 90-145 Łódź, Poland.
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43
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Peschke B, Bak S, Hohlweg R, Pettersson I, Refsgaard HHF, Viuff D, Rimvall K. Cinnamic amides of (S)-2-(aminomethyl)pyrrolidines are potent H3 antagonists. Bioorg Med Chem 2004; 12:2603-16. [PMID: 15110842 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2004.03.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2004] [Accepted: 03/10/2004] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
New imidazole-free H3 antagonists have been found in a series of cinnamic amides of (S)-(aminomethyl)pyrrolidines. The influence of the substituent on the aromatic moiety on the potency and the inhibition of three cytochrome P450 subtypes are also described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernd Peschke
- Protein and Peptide Chemistry, Novo Nordisk A/S, Novo Nordisk Park, DK-2760 Måløv, Denmark.
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44
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Barbier AJ, Berridge C, Dugovic C, Laposky AD, Wilson SJ, Boggs J, Aluisio L, Lord B, Mazur C, Pudiak CM, Langlois X, Xiao W, Apodaca R, Carruthers NI, Lovenberg TW. Acute wake-promoting actions of JNJ-5207852, a novel, diamine-based H3 antagonist. Br J Pharmacol 2004; 143:649-61. [PMID: 15466448 PMCID: PMC1575430 DOI: 10.1038/sj.bjp.0705964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2004] [Revised: 07/13/2004] [Accepted: 07/21/2004] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
1 1-[4-(3-piperidin-1-yl-propoxy)-benzyl]-piperidine (JNJ-5207852) is a novel, non-imidazole histamine H3 receptor antagonist, with high affinity at the rat (pKi=8.9) and human (pKi=9.24) H3 receptor. JNJ-5207852 is selective for the H3 receptor, with negligible binding to other receptors, transporters and ion channels at 1 microm. 2 JNJ-5207852 readily penetrates the brain tissue after subcutaneous (s.c.) administration, as determined by ex vivo autoradiography (ED50 of 0.13 mg kg(-1) in mice). In vitro autoradiography with 3H-JNJ-5207852 in mouse brain slices shows a binding pattern identical to that of 3H-R-alpha-methylhistamine, with high specific binding in the cortex, striatum and hypothalamus. No specific binding of 3H-JNJ-5207852 was observed in brains of H3 receptor knockout mice. 3 In mice and rats, JNJ-5207852 (1-10 mg kg(-1) s.c.) increases time spent awake and decreases REM sleep and slow-wave sleep, but fails to have an effect on wakefulness or sleep in H3 receptor knockout mice. No rebound hypersomnolence, as measured by slow-wave delta power, is observed. The wake-promoting effects of this H3 receptor antagonist are not associated with hypermotility. 4 A 4-week daily treatment of mice with JNJ-5207852 (10 mg kg(-1) i.p.) did not lead to a change in body weight, possibly due to the compound being a neutral antagonist at the H3 receptor. 5 JNJ-5207852 is extensively absorbed after oral administration and reaches high brain levels. 6 The data indicate that JNJ-5207852 is a novel, potent and selective H3 antagonist with good in vitro and in vivo efficacy, and confirm the wake-promoting effects of H3 receptor antagonists.
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Affiliation(s)
- A J Barbier
- Johnson & Johnson Pharmaceutical Research and Development, LLC, 3210 Merryfield Row, San Diego, CA 92121, U.S.A
| | - C Berridge
- Department of Psychology, University of Wisconsin, WI, U.S.A
| | - C Dugovic
- Department of Neurobiology and Physiology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, U.S.A
| | - A D Laposky
- Department of Neurobiology and Physiology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, U.S.A
| | - S J Wilson
- Johnson & Johnson Pharmaceutical Research and Development, LLC, 3210 Merryfield Row, San Diego, CA 92121, U.S.A
| | - J Boggs
- Johnson & Johnson Pharmaceutical Research and Development, LLC, 3210 Merryfield Row, San Diego, CA 92121, U.S.A
| | - L Aluisio
- Johnson & Johnson Pharmaceutical Research and Development, LLC, 3210 Merryfield Row, San Diego, CA 92121, U.S.A
| | - B Lord
- Johnson & Johnson Pharmaceutical Research and Development, LLC, 3210 Merryfield Row, San Diego, CA 92121, U.S.A
| | - C Mazur
- Johnson & Johnson Pharmaceutical Research and Development, LLC, 3210 Merryfield Row, San Diego, CA 92121, U.S.A
| | - C M Pudiak
- Johnson & Johnson Pharmaceutical Research and Development, LLC, 3210 Merryfield Row, San Diego, CA 92121, U.S.A
| | - X Langlois
- Johnson & Johnson Pharmaceutical Research and Development, LLC, Beerse, Belgium
| | - W Xiao
- Johnson & Johnson Pharmaceutical Research and Development, LLC, 3210 Merryfield Row, San Diego, CA 92121, U.S.A
| | - R Apodaca
- Johnson & Johnson Pharmaceutical Research and Development, LLC, 3210 Merryfield Row, San Diego, CA 92121, U.S.A
| | - N I Carruthers
- Johnson & Johnson Pharmaceutical Research and Development, LLC, 3210 Merryfield Row, San Diego, CA 92121, U.S.A
| | - T W Lovenberg
- Johnson & Johnson Pharmaceutical Research and Development, LLC, 3210 Merryfield Row, San Diego, CA 92121, U.S.A
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45
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Grassmann S, Apelt J, Ligneau X, Pertz HH, Arrang JM, Ganellin CR, Schwartz JC, Schunack W, Stark H. Search for Histamine H3Receptor Ligands with Combined Inhibitory Potency at HistamineN-Methyltransferase: ω-Piperidinoalkanamine Derivatives. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 2004; 337:533-45. [PMID: 15476285 DOI: 10.1002/ardp.200400897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
In an effort to design new hybrid compounds with dual properties, i.e. binding affinity at histamine H(3) receptors and inhibitory potency at the catabolic enzyme histamine N(tau)-methyltransferase (HMT), a novel series of 1-substituted piperidine derivatives was synthesized. This alicyclic heterocycle is structurally linked via aminoalkyl spacers of variable lengths to additional aromatic carbo- or hetero-cycles. These new hybrid drugs were pharmacologically evaluated regarding their binding affinities at recombinant human H(3) receptors, stably expressed in CHO cells, and in a functional assay for their inhibitory potencies at rat kidney HMT. All compounds investigated proved to be H(3) receptor ligands with binding affinities in the micro- to nanomolar concentration range despite significant differences in the type of the aromatic moiety introduced. The most potent compound in this series was the quinoline derivative 20 (K(i) = 5.6 nM). Likewise, all new ligands studied showed impressive HMT inhibitory activities. Here, compounds 5, 10, 14 and 18-20 exhibited submicromolar potencies (IC(50) = 0.061-0.56 microM). The aminomethylated quinoline 19 showed almost the same, well balanced nanomolar activities on both targets. In this study, new hybrid compounds with a dual mode biological action were developed. These pharmacological agents are valuable leads for further development and candidates for treatment of histamine-dependent disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sven Grassmann
- Institut für Pharmazie, Institut für Pharmazie, Berlin, Germany
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46
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Koç F, Eilbracht P. Syntheses of new polyamine dendrimer units via a tandem hydroformylation/reductive amination sequences. Tetrahedron 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2004.06.129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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47
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Abstract
Increasingly, it is being recognised that a balanced modulation of several targets can provide a superior therapeutic effect and side effect profile compared to the action of a selective ligand. Rational approaches in which structural features from selective ligands are combined have produced designed multiple ligands that span a wide variety of targets and target classes. A key challenge in the design of multiple ligands is attaining a balanced activity at each target of interest while simultaneously achieving a wider selectivity and a suitable pharmacokinetic profile. An analysis of literature examples reveals trends and insights that might help medicinal chemists discover the next generation of these types of compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard Morphy
- Medicinal Chemistry Department, Organon Laboratories, Newhouse, Lanarkshire ML1 5SH, UK.
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48
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Pelloux-Léon N, Fkyerat A, Piripitsi A, Tertiuk W, Schunack W, Stark H, Garbarg M, Ligneau X, Arrang JM, Schwartz JC, Ganellin CR. Meta-Substituted Aryl(thio)ethers as Potent Partial Agonists (or Antagonists) for the Histamine H3 Receptor Lacking a Nitrogen Atom in the Side Chain. J Med Chem 2004; 47:3264-74. [PMID: 15163206 DOI: 10.1021/jm031141p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
4-(3-Aryloxypropyl)-1H-imidazoles, which possess a meta-positioned substituent in the aryl ring, have been synthesized and tested for activity at histamine H(3) receptors. The compounds having a CN, Me, or Br substituent were found to be antagonists, whereas CF(3), Et, i-Pr, t-Bu, COCH(3), or NO(2) substituents remarkably afforded partial agonists when tested in vitro on rat cerebral cortex synaptosomes for inhibition of [(3)H]histamine release. The compounds were also active in vivo, and furthermore, the CF(3)-substituted compound trifluproxim (UCL 1470, 7) acted as a potent full agonist in vivo, having ED(50) = 0.6 +/- 0.3 mg/kg per os in mice for inhibition of brain N(tau)-methylhistamine formation. Related structures have also been investigated; homologues 4-[4-(3-(trifluoromethyl)phenoxy)butyl]-1H-imidazole and 4-[2-(3-(trifluoromethyl)phenylthio)ethyl]-1H-imidazole are shown to be partial agonists, whereas the O isostere 4-[2-(3-(trifluoromethyl)phenoxy)ethyl]-1H-imidazole is an antagonist as is the S homologue 4-[3-(3-(trifluoromethyl)phenylthio)propyl]-1H-imidazole and its CH(2) isostere 4-[4-(3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)butyl]-1H-imidazole.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadia Pelloux-Léon
- Department of Chemistry, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, London WC1H 0AJ, England, UK
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49
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Gfesser GA, Zhang H, Dinges J, Fox GB, Pan JB, Esbenshade TA, Yao BB, Witte D, Miller TR, Kang CH, Krueger KM, Bennani YL, Hancock AA, Faghih R. Structure–activity relationships of non-imidazole H3 receptor ligands. Part 3: 5-Substituted 3-phenyl-1,2,4-oxadiazoles as potent antagonists. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2004; 14:673-6. [PMID: 14741266 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2003.11.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Further SAR studies on novel histamine H(3) receptor antagonists are presented. Compound 14bb is a potent antagonist of both the rat cortical and human clone receptors, and is demonstrated to act functionally as an antagonist in an in vivo mouse dipsogenia model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gregory A Gfesser
- Neuroscience Research, Global Pharmaceutical Research and Development, Abbott Laboratories, 100 Abbott Park Road, Abbott Park, IL 60064, USA.
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50
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Recent Progress in Histamine H3 Receptor Chemistry. ANNUAL REPORTS IN MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/s0065-7743(04)39005-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register]
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