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Stimuli-responsive polyelectrolyte multilayer films and microcapsules. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2022; 310:102773. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2022.102773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2022] [Revised: 08/20/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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2
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Layer-by-Layer Materials for the Fabrication of Devices with Electrochemical Applications. ENERGIES 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/en15093399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
The construction of nanostructured materials for their application in electrochemical processes, e.g., energy storage and conversion, or sensing, has undergone a spectacular development over the last decades as a consequence of their unique properties in comparison to those of their bulk counterparts, e.g., large surface area and facilitated charge/mass transport pathways. This has driven strong research on the optimization of nanostructured materials for the fabrication of electrochemical devices, which demands techniques allowing the assembly of hybrid materials with well-controlled structures and properties. The Layer-by-Layer (LbL) method is well suited for fulfilling the requirements associated with the fabrication of devices for electrochemical applications, enabling the fabrication of nanomaterials with tunable properties that can be exploited as candidates for their application in fuel cells, batteries, electrochromic devices, solar cells, and sensors. This review provides an updated discussion of some of the most recent advances on the application of the LbL method for the fabrication of nanomaterials that can be exploited in the design of novel electrochemical devices.
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3
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Szuwarzyński M, Wolski K, Kruk T, Zapotoczny S. Macromolecular strategies for transporting electrons and excitation energy in ordered polymer layers. Prog Polym Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2021.101433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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4
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Escobar A, Muzzio N, Moya SE. Antibacterial Layer-by-Layer Coatings for Medical Implants. Pharmaceutics 2020; 13:E16. [PMID: 33374184 PMCID: PMC7824561 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13010016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2020] [Revised: 12/17/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The widespread occurrence of nosocomial infections and the emergence of new bacterial strands calls for the development of antibacterial coatings with localized antibacterial action that are capable of facing the challenges posed by increasing bacterial resistance to antibiotics. The Layer-by-Layer (LbL) technique, based on the alternating assembly of oppositely charged polyelectrolytes, can be applied for the non-covalent modification of multiple substrates, including medical implants. Polyelectrolyte multilayers fabricated by the LbL technique have been extensively researched for the development of antibacterial coatings as they can be loaded with antibiotics, antibacterial peptides, nanoparticles with bactericide action, in addition to being capable of restricting adhesion of bacteria to surfaces. In this review, the different approaches that apply LbL for antibacterial coatings, emphasizing those that can be applied for implant modification are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ane Escobar
- Center for Cooperative Research in Biomaterials (CIC biomaGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Paseo de Miramon 182 C, 20014 Donostia-San Sebastian, Spain;
| | - Nicolas Muzzio
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Chemical Engineering, University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78249, USA;
| | - Sergio Enrique Moya
- Center for Cooperative Research in Biomaterials (CIC biomaGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Paseo de Miramon 182 C, 20014 Donostia-San Sebastian, Spain;
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5
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Guzmán E, Rubio RG, Ortega F. A closer physico-chemical look to the Layer-by-Layer electrostatic self-assembly of polyelectrolyte multilayers. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2020; 282:102197. [PMID: 32579951 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2020.102197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2020] [Revised: 06/06/2020] [Accepted: 06/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The fabrication of polyelectrolyte multilayer films (PEMs) using the Layer-by-Layer (LbL) method is one of the most versatile approaches for manufacturing functional surfaces. This is the result of the possibility to control the assembly process of the LbL films almost at will, by changing the nature of the assembled materials (building blocks), the assembly conditions (pH, ionic strength, temperature, etc.) or even by changing some other operational parameters which may impact in the structure and physico-chemical properties of the obtained multi-layered films. Therefore, the understanding of the impact of the above mentioned parameters on the assembly process of LbL materials plays a critical role in the potential use of the LbL method for the fabrication of new functional materials with technological interest. This review tries to provide a broad physico-chemical perspective to the study of the fabrication process of PEMs by the LbL method, which allows one to take advantage of the many possibilities offered for this approach on the fabrication of new functional nanomaterials.
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Herrera SE, Agazzi ML, Cortez ML, Marmisollé WA, Bilderling C, Azzaroni O. Layer‐by‐Layer Formation of Polyamine‐Salt Aggregate/Polyelectrolyte Multilayers. Loading and Controlled Release of Probe Molecules from Self‐Assembled Supramolecular Networks. MACROMOL CHEM PHYS 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/macp.201900094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Santiago E. Herrera
- Instituto de Investigaciones Fisicoquímicas Teóricas y AplicadasDepartamento de QuímicaFacultad de Ciencias ExactasUniversidad Nacional de La Plata–CONICET Sucursal 4, Casilla de Correo 16 1900 La Plata Argentina
| | - Maximiliano L. Agazzi
- Instituto de Investigaciones Fisicoquímicas Teóricas y AplicadasDepartamento de QuímicaFacultad de Ciencias ExactasUniversidad Nacional de La Plata–CONICET Sucursal 4, Casilla de Correo 16 1900 La Plata Argentina
| | - M. Lorena Cortez
- Instituto de Investigaciones Fisicoquímicas Teóricas y AplicadasDepartamento de QuímicaFacultad de Ciencias ExactasUniversidad Nacional de La Plata–CONICET Sucursal 4, Casilla de Correo 16 1900 La Plata Argentina
| | - Waldemar A. Marmisollé
- Instituto de Investigaciones Fisicoquímicas Teóricas y AplicadasDepartamento de QuímicaFacultad de Ciencias ExactasUniversidad Nacional de La Plata–CONICET Sucursal 4, Casilla de Correo 16 1900 La Plata Argentina
| | - Catalina Bilderling
- Instituto de Investigaciones Fisicoquímicas Teóricas y AplicadasDepartamento de QuímicaFacultad de Ciencias ExactasUniversidad Nacional de La Plata–CONICET Sucursal 4, Casilla de Correo 16 1900 La Plata Argentina
- Departamento de FísicaFacultad de Ciencias Exactas y NaturalesUniversidad de Buenos Aires C1428EHA Buenos Aires Argentina
| | - Omar Azzaroni
- Instituto de Investigaciones Fisicoquímicas Teóricas y AplicadasDepartamento de QuímicaFacultad de Ciencias ExactasUniversidad Nacional de La Plata–CONICET Sucursal 4, Casilla de Correo 16 1900 La Plata Argentina
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7
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Salomäki M, Kauppila J, Kankare J, Lukkari J. Oxidative Layer-By-Layer Multilayers Based on Metal Coordination: Influence of Intervening Graphene Oxide Layers. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2018; 34:13171-13182. [PMID: 30278139 PMCID: PMC6222557 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.8b02784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2018] [Revised: 09/25/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Layer-by-layer (LbL) fabricated oxidative multilayers consisting of successive layers of inorganic polyphosphate (PP) and Ce(IV) can electrolessly form thin conducting polymer films on their surface. We describe the effect of substituting every second PP layer in the (PP/Ce) multilayers for graphene oxide (GO) as a means of modifying the structure and mechanical properties of these (GO/Ce/PP/Ce) films and enhancing their growth. Both types of LbL films are based on reversible coordinative bonding between the metal ions and the oxygen-bearing groups in PP and GO, instead of purely electrostatic interactions. The GO incorporation leads to the doubling of the areal mass density and to a dry film thickness close to 300 nm after 4 (GO/Ce/PP/Ce) tetralayers. The film roughness increases significantly with thickness. The (PP/Ce) films are soft materials with approximately equal shear storage and loss moduli, but the incorporation of GO doubles the storage modulus. PP displays a marked terminating layer effect and practically eliminates mechanical losses, making the (GO/Ce/PP/Ce) films almost pure soft elastomers. The smoothness of the (PP/Ce) films and the PP-termination effects are attributed to the reversible coordinative bonding. The (GO/Ce/PP/Ce) films oxidize pyrrole and 3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene (EDOT) and form polypyrrole and PEDOT films on their surfaces. These polymer films are considerably thicker than those formed using the (PP/Ce) multilayers with the same nominal amount of cerium layers. The GO sheets interfere with the polymerization reaction and make its kinetics biphasic. The (GO/Ce) multilayers without PP are brittle and thin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikko Salomäki
- Laboratory
of Materials Chemistry and Chemical Analysis, Department of Chemistry, University of Turku, Vatselankatu 2, FI-20014 Turku, Finland
- Turku
University Centre for Materials and Surfaces (MATSURF), University of Turku, FI-20014 Turku, Finland
| | - Jussi Kauppila
- Laboratory
of Materials Chemistry and Chemical Analysis, Department of Chemistry, University of Turku, Vatselankatu 2, FI-20014 Turku, Finland
| | - Jouko Kankare
- Laboratory
of Materials Chemistry and Chemical Analysis, Department of Chemistry, University of Turku, Vatselankatu 2, FI-20014 Turku, Finland
| | - Jukka Lukkari
- Laboratory
of Materials Chemistry and Chemical Analysis, Department of Chemistry, University of Turku, Vatselankatu 2, FI-20014 Turku, Finland
- Turku
University Centre for Materials and Surfaces (MATSURF), University of Turku, FI-20014 Turku, Finland
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8
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Xiao FX, Pagliaro M, Xu YJ, Liu B. Layer-by-layer assembly of versatile nanoarchitectures with diverse dimensionality: a new perspective for rational construction of multilayer assemblies. Chem Soc Rev 2017; 45:3088-121. [PMID: 27003471 DOI: 10.1039/c5cs00781j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 185] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Over the past few decades, layer-by-layer (LbL) assembly of multilayer thin films has garnered considerable interest on account of its ability to modulate nanometer control over film thickness and its extensive choice of usable materials for coating planar and particulate substrates, thus allowing for the fabrication of responsive and functional thin films for their potential applications in a myriad of fields. Herein, we provide elaborate information on the current developments of LbL assembly techniques including different properties, molecular interactions, and assembly methods associated with this promising bottom-up strategy. In particular, we highlight the principle for rational design and fabrication of a large variety of multilayer thin film systems including multi-dimensional capsules or spatially hierarchical nanostructures based on the LbL assembly technique. Moreover, we discuss how to judiciously choose the building block pairs when exerting the LbL assembly buildup which enables the engineering of multilayer thin films with tailor-made physicochemical properties. Furthermore, versatile applications of the diverse LbL-assembled nanomaterials are itemized and elucidated in light of specific technological fields. Finally, we provide a brief perspective and potential future challenges of the LbL assembly technology. It is anticipated that our current review could provide a wealth of guided information on the LbL assembly technique and furnish firm grounds for rational design of LbL assembled multilayer assemblies toward tangible applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang-Xing Xiao
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 62, Nanyang Drive, 637459, Singapore.
| | - Mario Pagliaro
- Istituto per lo Studio dei Materiali Nanostrutturati, CNR via U. La Malfa 153, 90146 Palermo, Italy.
| | - Yi-Jun Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350002, P. R. China and College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, New Campus, Fuzhou 350108, P. R. China.
| | - Bin Liu
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 62, Nanyang Drive, 637459, Singapore.
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9
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Qu X, He F, Tan H, Yu Y, Axrap A, Wang M, Dai K, Zhang Z, Yang F, Wang S, Kohn J, Liu C. Self-assembly of dual drug-delivery coating for synergistic bone regeneration. J Mater Chem B 2016; 4:4901-4912. [DOI: 10.1039/c6tb01262k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Bone regeneration for the treatment of bone diseases represents a major clinical need.
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10
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Azadmanjiri J, Berndt CC, Wang J, Kapoor A, Srivastava VK. Nanolaminated composite materials: structure, interface role and applications. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra20050h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Various kinds of the typical ultrathin 2D nanomaterials: a hot topic for intense scientific research and development of technological applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jalal Azadmanjiri
- School of Engineering, Faculty of Science, Engineering and Technology
- Swinburne University of Technology
- Australia
| | - Christopher C. Berndt
- School of Engineering, Faculty of Science, Engineering and Technology
- Swinburne University of Technology
- Australia
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering
- Stony Brook University
| | - James Wang
- School of Engineering, Faculty of Science, Engineering and Technology
- Swinburne University of Technology
- Australia
| | - Ajay Kapoor
- School of Engineering, Faculty of Science, Engineering and Technology
- Swinburne University of Technology
- Australia
| | - Vijay K. Srivastava
- Department of Mechanical Engineering
- Indian Institute of Technology
- BHU
- Varanasi-221005
- India
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11
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Ho TTM, Bremmell KE, Krasowska M, MacWilliams SV, Richard CJE, Stringer DN, Beattie DA. In Situ ATR FTIR Spectroscopic Study of the Formation and Hydration of a Fucoidan/Chitosan Polyelectrolyte Multilayer. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2015; 31:11249-11259. [PMID: 26421938 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.5b01812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The formation of fucoidan/chitosan-based polyelectrolyte multilayers (PEMs) has been studied with in situ Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. Attenuated total reflectance (ATR) FTIR spectroscopy has been used to follow the sequential build-up of the multilayer, with peaks characteristic of each polymer being seen to increase in intensity with each respective adsorption stage. In addition, spectral processing has allowed for the extraction of spectra from individual adsorbed layers, which have been used to provide unambiguous determination of the adsorbed mass of the PEM at each stage of formation. The PEM was seen to undergo a transition in growth regimes during build-up: from supra-linear to linear. In addition, the wettability of the PEM has been probed at each stage of the build-up, using the captive bubble contact angle technique. The contact angles were uniformly low, but showed variation in value depending on the nature of the outer polymer layer, and this variation correlated with the overall percentage hydration of the PEM (determined from FTIR and quartz crystal microbalance data). The nature of the hydration water within the polyelectrolyte multilayer has also been studied with FTIR spectroscopy, specifically in situ synchrotron ATR FTIR microscopy of the multilayer confined between two solid surfaces. The acquired spectra have enabled the hydrogen bonding environment of the PEM hydration water to be determined. The PEM hydration water is seen to have an environment in which it is subject to fewer hydrogen bonding interactions than in bulk electrolyte solution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tracey T M Ho
- Ian Wark Research Institute, University of South Australia , Mawson Lakes Campus, Mawson Lakes, South Australia 5095, Australia
| | - Kristen E Bremmell
- School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, University of South Australia , City East Campus, North Terrace, Adelaide, South Australia 5000, Australia
| | - Marta Krasowska
- Ian Wark Research Institute, University of South Australia , Mawson Lakes Campus, Mawson Lakes, South Australia 5095, Australia
| | - Stephanie V MacWilliams
- Ian Wark Research Institute, University of South Australia , Mawson Lakes Campus, Mawson Lakes, South Australia 5095, Australia
| | - Céline J E Richard
- Ian Wark Research Institute, University of South Australia , Mawson Lakes Campus, Mawson Lakes, South Australia 5095, Australia
| | - Damien N Stringer
- Marinova Pty. Ltd , 249 Kennedy Drive, Cambridge, Tasmania 7170, Australia
| | - David A Beattie
- Ian Wark Research Institute, University of South Australia , Mawson Lakes Campus, Mawson Lakes, South Australia 5095, Australia
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12
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Borges J, Mano JF. Molecular Interactions Driving the Layer-by-Layer Assembly of Multilayers. Chem Rev 2014; 114:8883-942. [DOI: 10.1021/cr400531v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 609] [Impact Index Per Article: 60.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- João Borges
- 3B’s
Research Group—Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark, Zona Industrial da Gandra,
S. Cláudio do Barco 4806-909 Caldas das Taipas, Guimarães, Portugal
- ICVS/3B’s
− PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - João F. Mano
- 3B’s
Research Group—Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark, Zona Industrial da Gandra,
S. Cláudio do Barco 4806-909 Caldas das Taipas, Guimarães, Portugal
- ICVS/3B’s
− PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
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13
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Teo BM, Hosta-Rigau L, Lynge ME, Städler B. Liposome-containing polymer films and colloidal assemblies towards biomedical applications. NANOSCALE 2014; 6:6426-33. [PMID: 24817527 DOI: 10.1039/c4nr00459k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Liposomes are important components for biomedical applications. Their unique architecture and versatile nature have made them useful carriers for the delivery of therapeutic cargo. The scope of this minireview is to highlight recent developments of biomimetic liposome-based multicompartmentalized assemblies of polymer thin films and colloidal carriers, and to outline a selection of recent applications of these materials in bionanotechnology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boon M Teo
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO), Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.
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14
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Development of a Biocompatible Layer-by-Layer Film System Using Aptamer Technology for Smart Material Applications. Polymers (Basel) 2014. [DOI: 10.3390/polym6051631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
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15
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16
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Vyhnalkova R, Xiao L, Yang G, Eisenberg A. Spherical blackberry-type capsules containing block copolymer aggregates. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2014; 30:2188-2195. [PMID: 24527735 DOI: 10.1021/la403840h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The design, preparation, and properties of nanosized blackberry-like structures are described. These capsules are composed of two layers of individual block copolymer aggregates, relatively large core vesicles onto which is deposited a layer of smaller vesicles or micelles. The composition of the adjacent layers is such as to ensure strong electrostatic interactions between them. The core vesicles are typically composed of either PS-b-P4VP with a positively charged corona or of PS-b-PAA with a negatively charged corona, and are surrounded by a layer of smaller, oppositely charged block copolymer vesicles or micelles. These composite structures bear a strong resemblance to blackberries, hence the proposed name. The blackberry structures can be prepared in solution or on a flat surface, for example, a silicon wafer. Four compositional possibilities for the blackberries structures were studied, in which the positively or negatively charged core vesicles are covered either by a layer of oppositely charged micelles or by vesicles. These structures represent the earliest stage of a layer-by-layer approach of small spherical aggregates onto a larger spherical hollow core. The strong interaction between the contacting layers is achieved by electrostatic interactions or by complementary acid-base properties, for example, H-bonding. These multicompartmented capsules could be used potentially as delivery vehicles for multiple components; each layer of the capsules could be loaded with hydrophobic (in the core of the micelles or vesicle wall) or hydrophilic molecules (in the vesicle cavity). The overall size of such structures can vary, but in any case can be kept below 1 μm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renata Vyhnalkova
- Department of Chemistry, and ‡Centre for Self-Assembled Chemical Structures, McGill University , Otto Maass Building, 801 Sherbrooke Street W, Montreal, Quebec H3A 2K6, Canada
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Dierendonck M, De Koker S, De Rycke R, De Geest BG. Just spray it--LbL assembly enters a new age. SOFT MATTER 2014; 10:804-807. [PMID: 24838052 DOI: 10.1039/c3sm52202d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Over the past two decades the Layer-by-Layer (LbL) assembly of multilayer thin films has witnessed an explosive growth. However, this has so far not been translated into numerous industrial applications mainly owing to the time-consuming multistep assembly procedure which was originally based on dipping of a substrate into a solution. More recently the use of spray-based approaches, both for planar films as well as for the construction of polymeric particles, has emerged. Here we highlight these recent advances that have the potential to move the LbL field forward.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marijke Dierendonck
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Ghent University, Harelbekestraat 72, 9000 Ghent, Belgium.
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18
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Coustet M, Irigoyen J, Garcia TA, Murray RA, Romero G, Susana Cortizo M, Knoll W, Azzaroni O, Moya SE. Layer-by-layer assembly of polymersomes and polyelectrolytes on planar surfaces and microsized colloidal particles. J Colloid Interface Sci 2014; 421:132-40. [PMID: 24594041 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2014.01.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2013] [Revised: 01/28/2014] [Accepted: 01/29/2014] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Hybrid polyelectrolyte multilayer systems were fabricated on top of planar surfaces and colloidal particles via layer by layer (LbL) assembly of polystyrene sulphonate (PSS) and polybenzyl methacrylate-block-poly(dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate (PBzMA-b-PDMAEMA) polymersomes. Polymersomes were prepared by self assembly of PBzMA-b-PDMAEMA copolymer, synthesised by group transfer polymerisation. Polymersomes display a diameter of 270 nm and a shell thickness of 11nm. Assembly on planar surfaces was followed by means of the Quartz Crystal Microbalance with Dissipation (QCM-D) and Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM). Detailed information on the assembly mechanism and surface topology of the polymersome/polyelectrolyte films was thereby obtained. The assembly of polymersomes and PSS on top of silica particles of 500 nm in diameter was confirmed by ζ-potential measurements. Confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) revealed that polymersome/PSS coated silica particles increase in total diameter up to 3-5μm. This hints toward the formation of densely packed polymersome layers. In addition, CLSM showed that polymersome/PSS films exhibit a high loading capacity that could potentially be used for encapsulation and delivery of diverse chemical species. These results provide an insight into the formation of multilayered films with compartmentalised hydrophilic/hydrophobic domains and may lead to the successful application of polymersomes in surface-engineered colloidal systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcos Coustet
- Instituto de Investigaciones Fisicoquímicas Teóricas y Aplicadas (INIFTA), Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata (UNLP), CONICET, Diagonal 113 y 64 (1900), La Plata, Argentina
| | - Joseba Irigoyen
- CIC BiomaGUNE, 182 Paseo Miramón, 20009 San Sebastián, Spain
| | | | | | - Gabriela Romero
- CIC BiomaGUNE, 182 Paseo Miramón, 20009 San Sebastián, Spain
| | - M Susana Cortizo
- Instituto de Investigaciones Fisicoquímicas Teóricas y Aplicadas (INIFTA), Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata (UNLP), CONICET, Diagonal 113 y 64 (1900), La Plata, Argentina
| | - Wolfgang Knoll
- Austrian Institute of Technology (AIT), Donau-City-Strasse 1, 1220 Vienna, Austria
| | - Omar Azzaroni
- Instituto de Investigaciones Fisicoquímicas Teóricas y Aplicadas (INIFTA), Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata (UNLP), CONICET, Diagonal 113 y 64 (1900), La Plata, Argentina.
| | - Sergio E Moya
- CIC BiomaGUNE, 182 Paseo Miramón, 20009 San Sebastián, Spain.
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19
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Xiao L, Vyhnalkova R, Sailer M, Yang G, Barrett CJ, Eisenberg A. Planar multilayer assemblies containing block copolymer aggregates. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2014; 30:891-9. [PMID: 24417699 DOI: 10.1021/la403839y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
The design, preparation, and properties of planar multilayer structures composed of various combinations of sequentially deposited polyelectrolyte (PE) chains and self-assembled layers of individual block copolymer aggregates (vesicles, micelles, or large compound micelles (LCMs)) are described. The aggregates contain negatively or positively charged corona chains while the PE multilayers contain alternating polyanionic or polycationic chains deposited on silicon wafers. The final structures consist of combinations of layers of various charged species: multilayers of alternating PEs of poly(allyl hydrochloride) (PAH) and poly(acrylic acid) (PAA) as well as vesicles, micelles, or large compound micelles of ionized poly(styrene)-b-poly(4-vinylpyridine) (PS-b-P4VP) or of poly(styrene)-b-poly(acrylic acid) (PS-b-PAA). Two types of layer-by-layer (LbL) multilayer structures were studied: individual aggregate layers sandwiched between PE multilayers and layers of individual aggregates of various morphologies and of different corona chain charges, deposited on top of each other without intermediate multilayers or individual layers of PEs. The strong interactions between the successive layers are achieved mainly by electrostatic attraction between the oppositely charged layers. The planar LbL multilayers containing block copolymer aggregates could, potentially, be used as carriers for multiple functional components; each aggregate layer could be loaded with hydrophobic (in the core of the micelles, LCMs, or vesicle walls) or hydrophilic functional molecules (in the vesicular cavities). The overall thickness of such planar LbL multilayers can be controlled precisely and can vary from tens of nanometers to several micrometers depending on the number of layers, the sizes of the aggregates, and the complexity of the structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Xiao
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University , Otto Maass Building, 801 Sherbrooke St. W, Montreal, Quebec H3A 2K6, Canada
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Ariga K, Ji Q, Mori T, Naito M, Yamauchi Y, Abe H, Hill JP. Enzyme nanoarchitectonics: organization and device application. Chem Soc Rev 2014; 42:6322-45. [PMID: 23348617 DOI: 10.1039/c2cs35475f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 270] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Fabrication of ultrasmall functional machines and their integration within ultrasmall areas or volumes can be useful for creation of novel technologies. The ultimate goal of the development of ultrasmall machines and device systems is to construct functional structures where independent molecules operate as independent device components. To realize exotic functions, use of enzymes in device structures is an attractive solution because enzymes can be regarded as efficient machines possessing high reaction efficiencies and specificities and can operate even under ambient conditions. In this review, recent developments in enzyme immobilization for advanced functions including device applications are summarized from the viewpoint of micro/nano-level structural control, or nanoarchitectonics. Examples are roughly classified as organic soft matter, inorganic soft materials or integrated/organized media. Soft matter such as polymers and their hybrids provide a medium appropriate for entrapment and encapsulation of enzymes. In addition, self-immobilization based on self-assembly and array formation results in enzyme nanoarchitectures with soft functions. For the confinement of enzymes in nanospaces, hard inorganic mesoporous materials containing well-defined channels play an important role. Enzymes that are confined exhibit improved stability and controllable arrangement, which are useful for formation of functional relays and for their integration into artificial devices. Layer-by-layer assemblies as well as organized lipid assemblies such as Langmuir-Blodgett films are some of the best media for architecting controllable enzyme arrangements. The ultrathin forms of these films facilitate their connection with external devices such as electrodes and transistors. Artificial enzymes and enzyme-mimicking catalysts are finally briefly described as examples of enzyme functions involving non-biological materials. These systems may compensate for the drawbacks of natural enzymes, such as their instabilities under harsh conditions. We believe that enzymes and their mimics will be freely coupled, organized and integrated upon demand in near future technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katsuhiko Ariga
- World Premier International (WPI) Research Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics (MANA), National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba 305-0044, Japan.
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Roling O, Wendeln C, Kauscher U, Seelheim P, Galla HJ, Ravoo BJ. Layer-by-layer deposition of vesicles mediated by supramolecular interactions. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2013; 29:10174-10182. [PMID: 23898918 DOI: 10.1021/la4011218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Vesicles are dynamic supramolecular structures with a bilayer membrane consisting of lipids or synthetic amphiphiles enclosing an aqueous compartment. Lipid vesicles have often been considered as mimics for biological cells. In this paper, we present a novel strategy for the preparation of three-dimensional multilayered structures in which vesicles containing amphiphilic β-cyclodextrin are interconnected by proteins using cyclodextrin guests as bifunctional linker molecules. We compared two pairs of adhesion molecules for the immobilization of vesicles: mannose-concanavalin A and biotin-streptavidin. Microcontact printing and thiol-ene click chemistry were used to prepare suitable substrates for the vesicles. Successful immobilization of intact vesicles through the mannose-concanavalin A and biotin-streptavidin motifs was verified by fluorescence microscopy imaging and dynamic light scattering, while the vesicle adlayer was characterized by quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation monitoring. In the case of the biotin-streptavidin motif, up to six layers of intact vesicles could be immobilized in a layer-by-layer fashion using supramolecular interactions. The construction of vesicle multilayers guided by noncovalent vesicle-vesicle junctions can be taken as a minimal model for artificial biological tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oliver Roling
- Organic Chemistry Institute, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstrasse 40, 48149 Münster, Germany
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Mundra P, Otto T, Gaponik N, Eychmüller A. Automated setup for spray assisted layer-by-layer deposition. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2013; 84:074101. [PMID: 23902085 DOI: 10.1063/1.4811662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The design for a setup allowing the layer-by-layer (LbL) assembly of thin films consisting of various colloidal materials is presented. The proposed system utilizes the spray-assisted LbL approach and is capable of autonomously producing films. It provides advantages to existing LbL procedures in terms of process speed and applicability. The setup offers several features that are advantageous for routine operation like an actuated sample holder, stainless steel spraying nozzles, or an optical liquid detection system. The applicability is demonstrated by the preparation of films containing semiconductor nanoparticles, namely, CdSe∕CdS quantum dots and a polyelectolyte. The films of this type are of potential interest for applications in optoelectronic devices such as light-emitting diodes or solar cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Mundra
- Physikalische Chemie, TU Dresden, Bergstrasse 66b, 01062 Dresden, Germany
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Higuchi R, Hirano M, Ashaduzzaman M, Yilmaz N, Sumino T, Kodama D, Chiba S, Uemura S, Nishiyama K, Ohira A, Fujiki M, Kunitake M. Construction and characterization of molecular nonwoven fabrics consisting of cross-linked poly(γ-methyl-L-glutamate). LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2013; 29:7478-7487. [PMID: 23256867 DOI: 10.1021/la3045576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Molecular nonwoven fabrics in the form of ultrathin layer-by-layer (LbL) helical polymer films with covalent cross-linking were assembled on substrates by an alternate ester-amide exchange reaction between poly(γ-methyl L-glutamate) (PMLG) and cross-linking agent ethylene diamine or 4,4'-diamino azobenzene. The regular growth of helical monolayers without excessive adsorption and the formation of amide bonds were confirmed by ultraviolet-visible (UV-vis) spectrophotometry, quartz crystal microbalance (QCM), ellipsometry, and infrared reflection-absorption spectroscopy (IR-RAS) measurements. Nanostructures with high uniformity and ultrathin films with few defects formed by helical rod segments of PMLG were characterized by atomic force microscopy (AFM) and Kelvin probe force microscopy (KFM).
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Affiliation(s)
- Rintaro Higuchi
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Kumamoto University, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, Japan
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Ghostine RA, Markarian MZ, Schlenoff JB. Asymmetric Growth in Polyelectrolyte Multilayers. J Am Chem Soc 2013; 135:7636-46. [DOI: 10.1021/ja401318m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 172] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ramy A. Ghostine
- Department of Chemistry
and Biochemistry, The Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida
32306-4390, United States
| | - Marie Z. Markarian
- Department of Chemistry
and Biochemistry, The Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida
32306-4390, United States
| | - Joseph B. Schlenoff
- Department of Chemistry
and Biochemistry, The Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida
32306-4390, United States
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Caridade SG, Monge C, Gilde F, Boudou T, Mano JF, Picart C. Free-standing polyelectrolyte membranes made of chitosan and alginate. Biomacromolecules 2013; 14:1653-60. [PMID: 23590116 PMCID: PMC4111514 DOI: 10.1021/bm400314s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Free-standing films have increasing applications in the biomedical field as drug delivery systems for wound healing and tissue engineering. Here, we prepared free-standing membranes by the layer-by-layer assembly of chitosan and alginate, two widely used biomaterials. Our aim was to produce a thick membrane and to study the permeation of model drugs and the adhesion of muscle cells. We first defined the optimal growth conditions in terms of pH and alginate concentration. The membranes could be easily detached from polystyrene or polypropylene substrate without any postprocessing step. The dry thickness was varied over a large range from 4 to 35 μm. A 2-fold swelling was observed by confocal microscopy when they were immersed in PBS. In addition, we quantified the permeation of model drugs (fluorescent dextrans) through the free-standing membrane, which depended on the dextran molecular weight. Finally, we showed that myoblast cells exhibited a preferential adhesion on the alginate-ending membrane as compared to the chitosan-ending membrane or to the substrate side.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofia G Caridade
- 3B's Research Group, Biomaterials, Biodegradables, and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine AvePark, 4806-909, Taipas, Guimarães, Portugal
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Mertz G, Bour J, Toniazzo V, Ruch D, Ball V. Deposition of polyelectrolyte multilayer films made from poly(diallyldimethyl ammonium chloride) and poly(4-styrene sulfonate): Influence of the NaCl concentration for films obtained by alternated spraying and alternated dipping. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2012.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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DeMuth PC, Moon JJ, Suh H, Hammond PT, Irvine DJ. Releasable layer-by-layer assembly of stabilized lipid nanocapsules on microneedles for enhanced transcutaneous vaccine delivery. ACS NANO 2012; 6:8041-51. [PMID: 22920601 PMCID: PMC3475723 DOI: 10.1021/nn302639r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 135] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Here we introduce a new approach for transcutaneous drug delivery, using microneedles coated with stabilized lipid nanocapsules, for delivery of a model vaccine formulation. Poly(lactide-co-glycolide) microneedle arrays were coated with multilayer films via layer-by-layer assembly of a biodegradable cationic poly(β-amino ester) (PBAE) and negatively charged interbilayer-cross-linked multilamellar lipid vesicles (ICMVs). To test the potential of these nanocapsule-coated microneedles for vaccine delivery, we loaded ICMVs with a protein antigen and the molecular adjuvant monophosphoryl lipid A. Following application of microneedle arrays to the skin of mice for 5 min, (PBAE/ICMV) films were rapidly transferred from microneedle surfaces into the cutaneous tissue and remained in the skin following removal of the microneedle arrays. Multilayer films implanted in the skin dispersed ICMV cargos in the treated tissue over the course of 24 h in vivo, allowing for uptake of the lipid nanocapsules by antigen presenting cells in the local tissue and triggering their activation in situ. Microneedle-mediated transcutaneous vaccination with ICMV-carrying multilayers promoted robust antigen-specific humoral immune responses with a balanced generation of multiple IgG isotypes, whereas bolus delivery of soluble or vesicle-loaded antigen via intradermal injection or transcutaneous vaccination with microneedles encapsulating soluble protein elicited weak, IgG(1)-biased humoral immune responses. These results highlight the potential of lipid nanocapsules delivered by microneedles as a promising platform for noninvasive vaccine delivery applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter C DeMuth
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
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29
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Shukla SC, Singh A, Pandey AK, Mishra A. Review on production and medical applications of ɛ-polylysine. Biochem Eng J 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2012.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Spray layer-by-layer films based on phospholipid vesicles aiming sensing application via e-tongue system. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2012.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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31
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Van Tassel PR. Polyelectrolyte adsorption and layer-by-layer assembly: Electrochemical control. Curr Opin Colloid Interface Sci 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cocis.2011.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Michel M, Toniazzo V, Ruch D, Ball V. Deposition Mechanisms in Layer-by-Layer or Step-by-Step Deposition Methods: From Elastic and Impermeable Films to Soft Membranes with Ion Exchange Properties. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.5402/2012/701695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
The modification of solid-liquid interfaces with polyelectrolyte multilayer films appears as a versatile tool to confer new functionalities to surfaces in environmentally friendly conditions. Indeed such films are deposited by alternate dipping of the substrates in aqueous solutions containing the interacting species or spraying these solutions on the surface of the substrate. Spin coating is more and more used to produce similar films. The aim of this short review article is to provide an unifying picture about the deposition mechanisms of polyelectrolyte multilayer films. Often those films are described as growing either in a linear or in a supralinear growth regime with the number of deposited “layer pairs”. The growth regime of PEM films can be controlled by operational parameters like the temperature or the ionic strength of the used solutions. The control over the growth regime of the films as a function of the number of deposition steps allows to control their functional properties: either hard and impermeable films in the case of linear growth or soft and permeable films in the case of supralinear growth. Such different properties can be obtained with a given combination of interacting species by changing the operational parameters during the film deposition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc Michel
- Advanced Materials and Struct Department, Public Research Center Henri Tudor, 66 Rue de Luxembourg, 4002 Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Valérie Toniazzo
- Advanced Materials and Struct Department, Public Research Center Henri Tudor, 66 Rue de Luxembourg, 4002 Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - David Ruch
- Advanced Materials and Struct Department, Public Research Center Henri Tudor, 66 Rue de Luxembourg, 4002 Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Vincent Ball
- Advanced Materials and Struct Department, Public Research Center Henri Tudor, 66 Rue de Luxembourg, 4002 Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
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Volodkin D, Skirtach A, Möhwald H. Bioapplications of light-sensitive polymer films and capsules assembled using the layer-by-layer technique. POLYM INT 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/pi.4182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Schaaf P, Voegel JC, Jierry L, Boulmedais F. Spray-assisted polyelectrolyte multilayer buildup: from step-by-step to single-step polyelectrolyte film constructions. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2012; 24:1001-1016. [PMID: 22278854 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201104227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The alternate deposition of polyanions and polycations on a solid substrate leads to the formation of nanometer to micrometer films called Polyelectrolyte Multilayers. This step-by-step construction of organic films constitutes a method of choice to functionalize surfaces with applications ranging from optical to bioactive coatings. The method was originally developed by dipping the substrate in the different polyelectrolyte solutions. Recent advances show that spraying the polyelectrolyte solutions onto the substrate represents an appealing alternative to dipping because it is much faster and easier to adapt at an industrial level. Multilayer deposition by spraying is thus greatly gaining in interest. Here we review the current literature on this deposition method. After a brief history of polyelectrolyte multilayers to place the spraying method in its context, we review the fundamental issues that have been addresses so far. We then give an overview the different fields where the method has been applied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierre Schaaf
- Institut Charles Sadron, Université de Strasbourg, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unité Propre de Recherche 22, 23 rue du Loess, Strasbourg Cedex 2, France.
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Graf N, Thomasson E, Tanno A, Vörös J, Zambelli T. Spontaneous Formation of a Vesicle Multilayer on Top of an Exponentially Growing Polyelectrolyte Multilayer Mediated by Diffusing Poly-l-lysine. J Phys Chem B 2011; 115:12386-91. [DOI: 10.1021/jp206700r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Norma Graf
- Laboratory of Biosensors and Bioelectronics, Institute for Biomedical Engineering, ETH Zürich, Gloriastrasse 35, 8092 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Elsa Thomasson
- Laboratory of Biosensors and Bioelectronics, Institute for Biomedical Engineering, ETH Zürich, Gloriastrasse 35, 8092 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Alexander Tanno
- Laboratory of Biosensors and Bioelectronics, Institute for Biomedical Engineering, ETH Zürich, Gloriastrasse 35, 8092 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Janos Vörös
- Laboratory of Biosensors and Bioelectronics, Institute for Biomedical Engineering, ETH Zürich, Gloriastrasse 35, 8092 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Tomaso Zambelli
- Laboratory of Biosensors and Bioelectronics, Institute for Biomedical Engineering, ETH Zürich, Gloriastrasse 35, 8092 Zürich, Switzerland
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Guzmán E, Cavallo JA, Chuliá-Jordán R, Gómez C, Strumia MC, Ortega F, Rubio RG. pH-induced changes in the fabrication of multilayers of poly(acrylic acid) and chitosan: fabrication, properties, and tests as a drug storage and delivery system. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2011; 27:6836-6845. [PMID: 21561105 DOI: 10.1021/la200522r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Multilayers of poly(acrylic acid), PAA, and chitosan, CHI, have been built by the layer-by-layer (LbL) method from aqueous solutions at different pH values and analyzed by the dissipative quartz crystal microbalance (D-QCM) and ellipsometry. The results showed that under all of the assembly conditions considered the growth of the films is nonlinear. The thickness of the PAA layers increases as the pH of the assembling solutions decreases, whereas the adsorption of CHI is almost unaffected by the pH conditions. The comparison of the thickness obtained by D-QCM and by ellipsometry has allowed us to calculate the water content of the films, showing that the multilayers are highly hydrated, with an average water content higher than 20%. The analysis of D-QCM data has provided high-frequency values of the complex shear modulus that are in the megapascal range and shows a transition from mainly viscous to mainly elastic behavior for the added PAA layers, depending on the pH. The monomer surface density in each layer (obtained from the combination of ellipsometry and differential refractive index measurements) indicated that the monomer density depends on the assembly conditions. It was found that the adsorption kinetics is a bimodal process, with characteristic times that depend on the number and nature of the layers. Finally, the possibility of using of these multilayers as a drug storage and delivery system has been evaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo Guzmán
- Departamento de Química Física I, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Ciudad Universitaria s/n, 28040-Madrid, Spain
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Lavalle P, Voegel JC, Vautier D, Senger B, Schaaf P, Ball V. Dynamic aspects of films prepared by a sequential deposition of species: perspectives for smart and responsive materials. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2011; 23:1191-221. [PMID: 21264957 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201003309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 121] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2010] [Revised: 10/26/2010] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
The deposition of surface coatings using a step-by-step approach from mutually interacting species allows the fabrication of so called "multilayered films". These coatings are very versatile and easy to produce in environmentally friendly conditions, mostly from aqueous solution. They find more and more applications in many hot topic areas, such as in biomaterials and nanoelectronics but also in stimuli-responsive films. We aim to review the most recent developments in such stimuli-responsive coatings based on layer-by-layer (LBL) depositions in relationship to the properties of these coatings. The most investigated stimuli are based on changes in ionic strength, temperature, exposure to light, and mechanical forces. The possibility to induce a transition from linear to exponential growth in thickness and to change the charge compensation from "intrinsic" to "extrinsic" by controlling parameters such as temperature, pH, and ionic strength are the ways to confer their responsiveness to the films. Chemical post-modifications also allow to significantly modify the film properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philippe Lavalle
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Unité 977, 11 rue Humann, Strasbourg Cedex, France
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Sugihara K, Vörös J, Zambelli T. A gigaseal obtained with a self-assembled long-lifetime lipid bilayer on a single polyelectrolyte multilayer-filled nanopore. ACS NANO 2010; 4:5047-5054. [PMID: 20687537 DOI: 10.1021/nn100773q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
A lipid bilayer with gigaohm resistance was fabricated over a single 800 nm pore in a Si3N4 chip using 50 nm liposomes. The nanopore was prefilled with a polyelectrolyte multilayer (PEM) that triggered the spontaneous fusion of the lipid vesicles. Pore-forming peptide melittin was incorporated in the bilayer, and single channel activities were monitored for a period of 2.5 weeks. The long lifetime of the system enabled the observation of the time-dependent stabilization effect of the melittin open state upon bias application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaori Sugihara
- Laboratory of Biosensors and Bioelectronics, Institute for Biomedical Engineering, ETH Zurich, Gloriastrasse 35, CH-8092 Zurich, Switzerland
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Wang X, Zhou S, Lai Y, Sun J, Shen J. Layer-by-layer deposition of magnetic microgel films on plastic surfaces for the preparation of magnetic resonance visibility enhancing coatings. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1039/b917834a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Enzyme-Encapsulated Layer-by-Layer Assemblies: Current Status and Challenges Toward Ultimate Nanodevices. MODERN TECHNIQUES FOR NANO- AND MICROREACTORS/-REACTIONS 2010. [DOI: 10.1007/12_2009_42] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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Elsabee MZ, Morsi RE, Al-Sabagh AM. Surface active properties of chitosan and its derivatives. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2009; 74:1-16. [PMID: 19682870 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2009.06.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2009] [Revised: 05/16/2009] [Accepted: 06/16/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
This review discusses the definition of surface active agents and specifically natural polymeric surface active agents. Chitosan by itself was found to have weak surface activity since it has no hydrophobic segments. Chemical modifications of chitosan could improve such surface activity. This is achieved by introducing hydrophobic substituents in its glucosidic group. Several examples of chitosan derivatives with surfactant activity have been surveyed. The surface active polymers form micelles and aggregates which have enormous importance in the entrapment of water-insoluble drugs and consequently applications in the controlled drug delivery and many biomedical fields. Chitosan also interacts with several substrates by electrostatic and hydrophobic interactions with considerable biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maher Z Elsabee
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, 12613 Cairo 12613, Egypt.
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Song Z, Yin J, Luo K, Zheng Y, Yang Y, Li Q, Yan S, Chen X. Layer-by-Layer Buildup of Poly(L-glutamic acid)/Chitosan Film for Biologically Active Coating. Macromol Biosci 2009; 9:268-78. [DOI: 10.1002/mabi.200800164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
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Loew M, Kang J, Dähne L, Hendus-Altenburger R, Kaczmarek O, Liebscher J, Huster D, Ludwig K, Böttcher C, Herrmann A, Arbuzova A. Controlled assembly of vesicle-based nanocontainers on layer-by-layer particles via DNA hybridization. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2009; 5:320-323. [PMID: 19123173 DOI: 10.1002/smll.200800989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Martin Loew
- Institut für Biologie/Biophysik, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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Ruan Q, Zhu Y, Li F, Xiao J, Zeng Y, Xu F. Investigation of layer-by-layer assembled heparin and chitosan multilayer films via electrochemical spectroscopy. J Colloid Interface Sci 2009; 333:725-33. [PMID: 19233380 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2009.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2008] [Revised: 01/08/2009] [Accepted: 02/03/2009] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
The layer-by-layer (LbL) assembly as a simple and effective method has been extensively used to prepare polyelectrolyte films but the buildup mechanism is expected to be further clarified. In this work, the structure and formation mechanism of LbL-assembled heparin/chitosan multilayer composite films were characterized by electrochemical system, scanning electron microscope and atom force microscope. The results revealed that the film grew linearly in the first 10 bilayers based on measured linear increase of film resistance with number of layers, while the film grew exponentially in the later 10 bilayers based on measured nonlinear increase of film resistance. The charge-transfer resistance increased in an oscillatory way or a linear way at different growing stages, which was discussed with their formation mechanism and the interfacial structure on electrode. A buildup mode of the LbL film was suggested based on the structural and electrochemical characters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qichao Ruan
- Key Laboratory of Inorganic Coating Materials, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dingxi 1295, Shanghai 200050, China
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Félix O, Zheng Z, Cousin F, Decher G. Are sprayed LbL-films stratified? A first assessment of the nanostructure of spray-assembled multilayers by neutron reflectometry. CR CHIM 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.crci.2008.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Malcher M, Volodkin D, Heurtault B, André P, Schaaf P, Möhwald H, Voegel JC, Sokolowski A, Ball V, Boulmedais F, Frisch B. Embedded silver ions-containing liposomes in polyelectrolyte multilayers: cargos films for antibacterial agents. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2008; 24:10209-10215. [PMID: 18698855 DOI: 10.1021/la8014755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
A new antibacterial coating made of poly(L-lysine)/hyaluronic acid (PLL/HA) multilayer films and liposome aggregates loaded with silver ions was designed. Liposomes filled with an AgNO 3 solution were first aggregated by the addition of PLL in solution. The obtained micrometer-sized aggregates were then deposited on a PLL/HA multilayer film, playing the role of a spacer with the support. Finally, HA/PLL/HA capping layers were deposited on top of the architecture to form a composite AgNO 3 coating. Release of encapsulated AgNO 3 from this composite coating was followed and triggered upon temperature increase over the transition temperature of vesicles, found to be equal to 34 degrees C. After determination of the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) of AgNO 3 in solution, the antibacterial activity of the AgNO 3 coating was investigated against Escherichia coli. A 4-log reduction in the number of viable E. coli cells was observed after contact for 120 min with a 120 ng/cm (2) AgNO 3 coating. In comparison, no bactericidal activity was found for PLL/HA films previously dipped in an AgNO 3 solution and for PLL/HA films with liposome aggregates containing no AgNO 3 solution. The strong bactericidal effect could be linked to the diffusion of silver ions out of the AgNO 3 coating, leading to an important bactericidal concentration close to the membrane of the bacteria. A simple method to prepare antibacterial coatings loaded with a high and controlled amount of AgNO 3 is therefore proposed. This procedure is far superior to that soaking AgNO 3 or Ag nanoparticles into a coating. In principle, other small bactericidal chemicals like antibiotics could be encapsulated by this method. This study opens a new route to modify surfaces with small solutes that are not permeating phospholipid membranes below the phase transition temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Malcher
- Département de Chimie Bioorganique, Institut Gilbert Laustriat, UMR 7175 CNRS/Université Louis Pasteur, Illkirch, France
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YU DB. PREPARATION OF AN 8-HYDROXYQUINOLINE LITHIUMCONTAINING COPOLYMER AND ITS ELECTROSTATIC LAYER-BY-LAYER SELF-ASSEMBLY. ACTA POLYM SIN 2008. [DOI: 10.3724/sp.j.1105.2008.00708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Influence of assembling pH on the stability of poly(l-glutamic acid) and poly(l-lysine) multilayers against urea treatment. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2008; 62:250-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2007.10.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2007] [Revised: 09/30/2007] [Accepted: 10/22/2007] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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50
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Sakai K, Webber GB, Vo CD, Wanless EJ, Vamvakaki M, Bütün V, Armes SP, Biggs S. Characterization of layer-by-layer self-assembled multilayer films of diblock copolymer micelles. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2008; 24:116-123. [PMID: 18052219 DOI: 10.1021/la7021006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
The in situ layer-by-layer (LbL) self-assembly of low Tg diblock copolymer micelles onto a flat silica substrate is reported. The copolymers used here were a cationic poly(2-(dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate)-block-poly(2-(diethylamino)ethyl methacrylate) (50qPDMA-PDEA; 50q refers to a mean degree of quaternization of 50 mol % for the PDMA block) and zwitterionic poly(methacrylic acid)-block-poly(2-(diethylamino)ethyl methacrylate) (PMAA-PDEA), which has anionic character at pH 9. Alternate deposition of micelles formed by these two copolymers onto a silica substrate at pH 9 was examined. The in situ LbL buildup of the copolymer micelle films was monitored using zeta potential measurements, optical reflectometry, and a quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation monitoring (QCM-D). For a six layer deposition, complete charge reversal was observed after the addition of each layer. The OR data indicated clearly an increase in adsorbed mass with each additional micelle layer and suggest that some interdiffusion of copolymer chains between layers and/or an increase in the film roughness, and hence in the effective surface area of the micellar multilayers, must take place as the film is built up. QCM-D data indicated that the self-assembled micellar multilayers on a flat silica substrate undergo structural changes over a prolonged period. This is attributed to longer-term interdiffusion of the copolymer chains between the outer two layers after the initial adsorption of each layer is complete. The QCM-D data further suggest that the outer adsorbed layers adopt a progressively more extended conformation, particularly for the higher numbered layers. The morphology of each successive layer was characterized using in situ soft-contact atomic force microscopy, and micelle-like surface aggregates are clearly observed within each layer of the complex film, suggesting the persistence of aggregate structures throughout the multilayer structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenichi Sakai
- School of Process, Environmental and Materials Engineering, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
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