1
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Zhang S, Cai Z, Li H. AHNAKs roles in physiology and malignant tumors. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1258951. [PMID: 38033502 PMCID: PMC10682155 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1258951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The AHNAK family currently consists of two members, namely AHNAK and AHNAK2, both of which have a molecular weight exceeding 600 kDa. Homologous sequences account for approximately 90% of their composition, indicating a certain degree of similarity in terms of molecular structure and biological functions. AHNAK family members are involved in the regulation of various biological functions, such as calcium channel modulation and membrane repair. Furthermore, with advancements in biological and bioinformatics technologies, research on the relationship between the AHNAK family and tumors has rapidly increased in recent years, and its regulatory role in tumor progression has gradually been discovered. This article briefly describes the physiological functions of the AHNAK family, and reviews and analyzes the expression and molecular regulatory mechanisms of the AHNAK family in malignant tumors using Pubmed and TCGA databases. In summary, AHNAK participates in various physiological and pathological processes in the human body. In multiple types of cancers, abnormal expression of AHNAK and AHNAK2 is associated with prognosis, and they play a key regulatory role in tumor progression by activating signaling pathways such as ERK, MAPK, Wnt, and MEK, as well as promoting epithelial-mesenchymal transition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shusen Zhang
- Hebei Province Xingtai People’s Hospital Postdoctoral Workstation, Xingtai, China
- Postdoctoral Mobile Station, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Affiliated Xing Tai People Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Xingtai, China
- The First Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Zhigang Cai
- Postdoctoral Mobile Station, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
- The First Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Hui Li
- Department of surgery, Affiliated Xing Tai People Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Xingtai, China
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2
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Han SJ, Kwon S, Kim KS. Contribution of mechanical homeostasis to epithelial-mesenchymal transition. Cell Oncol (Dordr) 2022; 45:1119-1136. [PMID: 36149601 DOI: 10.1007/s13402-022-00720-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Metastasis refers to the spread of cancer cells from a primary tumor to other parts of the body via the lymphatic system and bloodstream. With tremendous effort over the past decades, remarkable progress has been made in understanding the molecular and cellular basis of metastatic processes. Metastasis occurs through five steps, including infiltration and migration, intravasation, survival, extravasation, and colonization. Various molecular and cellular factors involved in the metastatic process have been identified, such as epigenetic factors of the extracellular matrix (ECM), cell-cell interactions, soluble signaling, adhesion molecules, and mechanical stimuli. However, the underlying cause of cancer metastasis has not been elucidated. CONCLUSION In this review, we have focused on changes in the mechanical properties of cancer cells and their surrounding environment to understand the causes of cancer metastasis. Cancer cells have unique mechanical properties that distinguish them from healthy cells. ECM stiffness is involved in cancer cell growth, particularly in promoting the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). During tumorigenesis, the mechanical properties of cancer cells change in the direction opposite to their environment, resulting in a mechanical stress imbalance between the intracellular and extracellular domains. Disruption of mechanical homeostasis may be one of the causes of EMT that triggers the metastasis of cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Se Jik Han
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sangwoo Kwon
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kyung Sook Kim
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea.
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3
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Sivanich MK, Gu T, Tabang DN, Li L. Recent advances in isobaric labeling and applications in quantitative proteomics. Proteomics 2022; 22:e2100256. [PMID: 35687565 PMCID: PMC9787039 DOI: 10.1002/pmic.202100256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2022] [Revised: 05/21/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Mass spectrometry (MS) has emerged at the forefront of quantitative proteomic techniques. Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) can be used to determine abundances of proteins and peptides in complex biological samples. Several methods have been developed and adapted for accurate quantification based on chemical isotopic labeling. Among various chemical isotopic labeling techniques, isobaric tagging approaches rely on the analysis of peptides from MS2-based quantification rather than MS1-based quantification. In this review, we will provide an overview of several isobaric tags along with some recent developments including complementary ion tags, improvements in sensitive quantitation of analytes with lower abundance, strategies to increase multiplexing capabilities, and targeted analysis strategies. We will also discuss limitations of isobaric tags and approaches to alleviate these restrictions through bioinformatic tools and data acquisition methods. This review will highlight several applications of isobaric tags, including biomarker discovery and validation, thermal proteome profiling, cross-linking for structural investigations, single-cell analysis, top-down proteomics, along with applications to different molecules including neuropeptides, glycans, metabolites, and lipids, while providing considerations and evaluations to each application.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ting‐Jia Gu
- School of PharmacyUniversity of Wisconsin‐MadisonMadisonWisconsinUSA
| | | | - Lingjun Li
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Wisconsin‐MadisonMadisonWisconsinUSA,School of PharmacyUniversity of Wisconsin‐MadisonMadisonWisconsinUSA
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4
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Ciereszko A, Dietrich MA, Słowińska M, Nynca J, Ciborowski M, Kaczmarek MM, Myszczyński K, Kiśluk J, Majewska A, Michalska-Falkowska A, Kodzik N, Reszeć J, Sierko E, Nikliński J. Application of two-dimensional difference gel electrophoresis to identify protein changes between center, margin, and adjacent non-tumor tissues obtained from non-small-cell lung cancer with adenocarcinoma or squamous cell carcinoma subtype. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0268073. [PMID: 35512017 PMCID: PMC9071164 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0268073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is responsible for the most cancer-related mortality worldwide and the mechanism of its development is poorly understood. Proteomics has become a powerful tool offering vital knowledge related to cancer development. Using a two-dimensional difference gel electrophoresis (2D-DIGE) approach, we sought to compare tissue samples from non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients taken from the tumor center and tumor margin. Two subtypes of NSCLC, adenocarcinoma (ADC) and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) were compared. Data are available via ProteomeXchange with identifier PXD032736 and PXD032962 for ADC and SCC, respectively. For ADC proteins, 26 significant canonical pathways were identified, including Rho signaling pathways, a semaphorin neuronal repulsive signaling pathway, and epithelial adherens junction signaling. For SCC proteins, nine significant canonical pathways were identified, including hypoxia-inducible factor-1α signaling, thyroid hormone biosynthesis, and phagosome maturation. Proteins differentiating the tumor center and tumor margin were linked to cancer invasion and progression, including cell migration, adhesion and invasion, cytoskeletal structure, protein folding, anaerobic metabolism, tumor angiogenesis, EMC transition, epithelial adherens junctions, and inflammatory responses. In conclusion, we identified several proteins that are important for the better characterization of tumor development and molecular specificity of both lung cancer subtypes. We also identified proteins that may be important as biomarkers and/or targets for anticancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrzej Ciereszko
- Department of Gametes and Embryo Biology, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Olsztyn, Poland
- * E-mail:
| | - Mariola A. Dietrich
- Department of Gametes and Embryo Biology, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Mariola Słowińska
- Department of Gametes and Embryo Biology, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Joanna Nynca
- Department of Gametes and Embryo Biology, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Michał Ciborowski
- Metabolomics Laboratory, Clinical Research Centre, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Monika M. Kaczmarek
- Molecular Biology Laboratory, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research Polish Academy of Sciences, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Kamil Myszczyński
- Molecular Biology Laboratory, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research Polish Academy of Sciences, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Joanna Kiśluk
- Department of Clinical Molecular Biology, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Anna Majewska
- Department of Gametes and Embryo Biology, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Olsztyn, Poland
| | | | - Natalia Kodzik
- Department of Gametes and Embryo Biology, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Joanna Reszeć
- Department of Medical Pathomorphology, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Ewa Sierko
- Department of Oncology, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Jacek Nikliński
- Department of Clinical Molecular Biology, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
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5
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Mertz JL, Sripathi SR, Yang X, Chen L, Esumi N, Zhang H, Zack DJ. Proteomic and phosphoproteomic analyses identify liver-related signaling in retinal pigment epithelial cells during EMT. Cell Rep 2021; 37:109866. [PMID: 34686321 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2021.109866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2020] [Revised: 08/03/2021] [Accepted: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) is associated with several blinding retinal diseases. Using proteomics and phosphoproteomics studies of human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived RPE monolayers with induced EMT, we capture kinase/phosphatase signaling cascades 1 h and 12 h after induction to better understand the pathways mediating RPE EMT. Induction by co-treatment with transforming growth factor β and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TGNF) or enzymatic dissociation perturbs signaling in many of the same pathways, with striking similarity in the respective phosphoproteomes at 1 h. Liver hyperplasia and hepatocyte growth factor (HGF)-MET signaling exhibit the highest overall enrichment. We also observe that HGF and epidermal growth factor signaling, two cooperative pathways inhibited by EMT induction, regulate the RPE transcriptional profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph L Mertz
- Department of Ophthalmology, Stem Cell Ocular Regenerative Medicine Center, Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA.
| | - Srinivasa R Sripathi
- Department of Ophthalmology, Stem Cell Ocular Regenerative Medicine Center, Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | - Xue Yang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Stem Cell Ocular Regenerative Medicine Center, Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | - Lijun Chen
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA
| | - Noriko Esumi
- Department of Ophthalmology, Stem Cell Ocular Regenerative Medicine Center, Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | - Hui Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA
| | - Donald J Zack
- Department of Ophthalmology, Stem Cell Ocular Regenerative Medicine Center, Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA; Department of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA; The Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Department of Genetic Medicine, Center for Nanomedicine at the Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
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6
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Xiao Q, Zhang F, Xu L, Yue L, Kon OL, Zhu Y, Guo T. High-throughput proteomics and AI for cancer biomarker discovery. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2021; 176:113844. [PMID: 34182017 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2021.113844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Revised: 06/13/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Biomarkers are assayed to assess biological and pathological status. Recent advances in high-throughput proteomic technology provide opportunities for developing next generation biomarkers for clinical practice aided by artificial intelligence (AI) based techniques. We summarize the advances and limitations of cancer biomarkers based on genomic and transcriptomic analysis, as well as classical antibody-based methodologies. Then we review recent progresses in mass spectrometry (MS)-based proteomics in terms of sample preparation, peptide fractionation by liquid chromatography (LC) and mass spectrometric data acquisition. We highlight applications of AI techniques in high-throughput clinical studies as compared with clinical decisions based on singular features. This review sets out our approach for discovering clinical biomarkers in studies using proteomic big data technology conjoined with computational and statistical methods.
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7
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Hernández-Olivos R, Muñoz M, Núñez E, Camargo-Ayala PA, Garcia-Huidobro J, Pereira A, Nachtigall FM, Santos LS, Rivera C. Salivary proteome of aphthous stomatitis reveals the participation of vitamin metabolism, nutrients, and bacteria. Sci Rep 2021; 11:15646. [PMID: 34341431 PMCID: PMC8329211 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-95228-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2021] [Accepted: 07/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
There are currently no preventative options for recurrent aphthous stomatitis, and the only available treatments are palliative. This is partly due to a poor understanding of its etiopathogenesis. In this case-control study, we characterized the salivary proteome of patients with recurrent aphthous stomatitis in the presence and absence of lesions. Through mass spectrometry-based proteomics and bioinformatics tools, we identified that the presence of oral ulcers is associated with several specific biological processes, including the metabolic pathways of vitamin B9, B12, nitrogen, selenium, and the bacterium Neisseria meningitidis. These changes occurred only in the presence of clinically visible lesions, and there were no relevant differences between patients in anatomical regions unaffected by ulcers. Additionally, using western blot and ELISA assays, we verified that carbonic anhydrase 1 (CA1) and hemoglobin subunit beta (HBB) proteins are highly expressed during the ulcerative and remission phases of recurrent aphthous stomatitis. Our results cumulatively support saliva as an indicator of the pathophysiological changes, which occur during the clinical course of lesions. From a clinical perspective, we suggest that recurrent aphthous stomatitis is a condition triggered by temporary biological changes in people with lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Romina Hernández-Olivos
- Departamento de Ciencias Básicas Biomédicas, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Talca, Talca, Chile
| | - Mariagrazia Muñoz
- Departamento de Ciencias Básicas Biomédicas, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Talca, Talca, Chile
| | - Esteban Núñez
- Departamento de Ciencias Básicas Biomédicas, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Talca, Talca, Chile
| | - Paola Andrea Camargo-Ayala
- Departamento de Ciencias Básicas Biomédicas, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Talca, Talca, Chile
| | - Jenaro Garcia-Huidobro
- Centro de Investigaciones Médicas, Escuela de Medicina, Universidad de Talca, Talca, Chile
| | - Alfredo Pereira
- Instituto de Química de Recursos Naturales, Universidad de Talca, Talca, Chile
| | - Fabiane M Nachtigall
- Instituto de Ciencias Químicas Aplicadas, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Talca, Chile
| | - Leonardo S Santos
- Instituto de Química de Recursos Naturales, Universidad de Talca, Talca, Chile
| | - César Rivera
- Departamento de Ciencias Básicas Biomédicas, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Talca, Talca, Chile.
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8
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Hess JB, Sutherland KD, Best SA. Exploring natural killer cell immunology as a therapeutic strategy in lung cancer. Transl Lung Cancer Res 2021; 10:2788-2805. [PMID: 34295678 PMCID: PMC8264324 DOI: 10.21037/tlcr-20-765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2020] [Accepted: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Cytotoxic immune cells are key in the control of tumor development and progression. Natural killer (NK) cells are the cytotoxic arm of the innate immune system with the capability to kill tumor cells and surveil tumor cell dissemination. As such, the interest in harnessing NK cells in tumor control is increasing in many solid tumor types, including lung cancer. Here, we review the pre-clinical models used to unveil the role of NK cells in immunosurveillance of solid tumors and highlight measures to enhance NK cell activity. Importantly, the development of NK immunotherapy is rapidly evolving. Enhancing the NK cell response can be achieved using two broad modalities: enhancing endogenous NK cell activity, or performing adoptive transfer of pre-activated NK cells to patients. Numerous clinical trials are evaluating the efficacy of NK cell immunotherapy in isolation or in combination with standard treatments, with encouraging initial results. Pre-clinical studies and early phase clinical trials suggest that patients with solid tumors, including lung cancer, have the potential to benefit from recent developments in NK cell immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonas B Hess
- ACRF Cancer Biology and Stem Cell Division, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, 1G Royal Parade, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Kate D Sutherland
- ACRF Cancer Biology and Stem Cell Division, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, 1G Royal Parade, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Sarah A Best
- ACRF Cancer Biology and Stem Cell Division, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, 1G Royal Parade, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
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9
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Plasmin and Plasminogen System in the Tumor Microenvironment: Implications for Cancer Diagnosis, Prognosis, and Therapy. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13081838. [PMID: 33921488 PMCID: PMC8070608 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13081838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2021] [Revised: 03/19/2021] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary In this review, we present a detailed discussion of how the plasminogen-activation system is utilized by tumor cells in their unrelenting attack on the tissues surrounding them. Plasmin is an enzyme which is responsible for digesting several proteins that hold the tissues surrounding solid tumors together. In this process tumor cells utilize the activity of plasmin to digest tissue barriers in order to leave the tumour site and spread to other parts of the body. We specifically focus on the role of plasminogen receptor—p11 which is an important regulatory protein that facilitates the conversion of plasminogen to plasmin and by this means promotes the attack by the tumour cells on their surrounding tissues. Abstract The tumor microenvironment (TME) is now being widely accepted as the key contributor to a range of processes involved in cancer progression from tumor growth to metastasis and chemoresistance. The extracellular matrix (ECM) and the proteases that mediate the remodeling of the ECM form an integral part of the TME. Plasmin is a broad-spectrum, highly potent, serine protease whose activation from its precursor plasminogen is tightly regulated by the activators (uPA, uPAR, and tPA), the inhibitors (PAI-1, PAI-2), and plasminogen receptors. Collectively, this system is called the plasminogen activation system. The expression of the components of the plasminogen activation system by malignant cells and the surrounding stromal cells modulates the TME resulting in sustained cancer progression signals. In this review, we provide a detailed discussion of the roles of plasminogen activation system in tumor growth, invasion, metastasis, and chemoresistance with specific emphasis on their role in the TME. We particularly review the recent highlights of the plasminogen receptor S100A10 (p11), which is a pivotal component of the plasminogen activation system.
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10
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Kim HR, Park JS, Karabulut H, Yasmin F, Jun CD. Transgelin-2: A Double-Edged Sword in Immunity and Cancer Metastasis. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:606149. [PMID: 33898417 PMCID: PMC8060441 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.606149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2020] [Accepted: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Transgelin-2, a small actin-binding protein, is the only transgelin family member expressed in immune cells. In T and B lymphocytes, transgelin-2 is constitutively expressed, but in antigen-presenting cells, it is significantly upregulated upon lipopolysaccharide stimulation. Transgelin-2 acts as a molecular staple to stabilize the actin cytoskeleton, and it competes with cofilin to bind filamentous (F)-actin. This action may enable immune synapse stabilization during T-cell interaction with cognate antigen-presenting cells. Furthermore, transgelin-2 blocks Arp2/3 complex-nucleated actin branching, which is presumably related to small filopodia formation, enhanced phagocytic function, and antigen presentation. Overall, transgelin-2 is an essential part of the molecular armament required for host defense against neoplasms and infectious diseases. However, transgelin-2 acts as a double-edged sword, as its expression is also essential for a wide range of tumor development, including drug resistance and metastasis. Thus, targeting transgelin-2 can also have a therapeutic advantage for cancer treatment; selectively suppressing transgelin-2 expression may prevent multidrug resistance in cancer chemotherapy. Here, we review newly discovered molecular characteristics of transgelin-2 and discuss clinical applications for cancer and immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hye-Ran Kim
- School of Life Sciences, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju, South Korea.,Immune Synapse and Cell Therapy Research Center, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Jeong-Su Park
- School of Life Sciences, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju, South Korea.,Immune Synapse and Cell Therapy Research Center, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Hatice Karabulut
- School of Life Sciences, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju, South Korea.,Immune Synapse and Cell Therapy Research Center, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Fatima Yasmin
- School of Life Sciences, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju, South Korea.,Immune Synapse and Cell Therapy Research Center, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Chang-Duk Jun
- School of Life Sciences, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju, South Korea.,Immune Synapse and Cell Therapy Research Center, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju, South Korea
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11
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Melchionna R, Trono P, Tocci A, Nisticò P. Actin Cytoskeleton and Regulation of TGFβ Signaling: Exploring Their Links. Biomolecules 2021; 11:biom11020336. [PMID: 33672325 PMCID: PMC7926735 DOI: 10.3390/biom11020336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2021] [Revised: 02/15/2021] [Accepted: 02/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Human tissues, to maintain their architecture and function, respond to injuries by activating intricate biochemical and physical mechanisms that regulates intercellular communication crucial in maintaining tissue homeostasis. Coordination of the communication occurs through the activity of different actin cytoskeletal regulators, physically connected to extracellular matrix through integrins, generating a platform of biochemical and biomechanical signaling that is deregulated in cancer. Among the major pathways, a controller of cellular functions is the cytokine transforming growth factor β (TGFβ), which remains a complex and central signaling network still to be interpreted and explained in cancer progression. Here, we discuss the link between actin dynamics and TGFβ signaling with the aim of exploring their aberrant interaction in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberta Melchionna
- Tumor Immunology and Immunotherapy Unit, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, via Chianesi 53, 00144 Rome, Italy; (R.M.); (P.T.); (A.T.)
| | - Paola Trono
- Tumor Immunology and Immunotherapy Unit, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, via Chianesi 53, 00144 Rome, Italy; (R.M.); (P.T.); (A.T.)
- Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, National Research Council, via Ramarini 32, 00015 Monterotondo Scalo, Rome, Italy
| | - Annalisa Tocci
- Tumor Immunology and Immunotherapy Unit, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, via Chianesi 53, 00144 Rome, Italy; (R.M.); (P.T.); (A.T.)
| | - Paola Nisticò
- Tumor Immunology and Immunotherapy Unit, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, via Chianesi 53, 00144 Rome, Italy; (R.M.); (P.T.); (A.T.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-0652662539
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12
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Alam MN, Yu JQ, Beale P, Huq F. Dose and Sequence Dependent Synergism from the Combination of Oxaliplatin with Emetine and Patulin Against Colorectal Cancer. Anticancer Agents Med Chem 2021; 20:264-273. [PMID: 31736447 DOI: 10.2174/1871520619666191021112042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2019] [Revised: 09/29/2019] [Accepted: 10/01/2019] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer is the third most commonly diagnosed cancer in the world, causing many deaths every year. Combined chemotherapy has opened a new horizon in treating colorectal cancer. The objective of the present study is to investigate the activity of oxaliplatin in combination with emetine and patulin against colorectal cancer models. METHODS IC50 values of oxaliplatin, emetine and patulin were determined against human colorectal cancer cell lines (HT-29 and Caco-2) using MTT reduction assay. Synergistic, antagonistic and additive effects from the selected binary combinations were determined as a factor of sequence of administration and added concentrations. Proteomics was carried out to identify the proteins which were accountable for combined drug action applying to the selected drug combination. RESULTS Oxaliplatin in combination with patulin produced synergism against human colorectal cancer models depending on dose and sequence of drug administration. Bolus administration of oxaliplatin with patulin proved to be the best in terms of synergistic outcome. Altered expressions of nine proteins (ACTG, PROF1, PPIA, PDIA3, COF1, GSTP1, ALDOA, TBA1C and TBB5) were considered for combined drug actions of oxaliplatin with patulin. CONCLUSION Bolus administration of oxaliplatin with patulin has the potential to be used in the treatment of colorectal cancer, and would warrant further evaluation using suitable animal model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Nur Alam
- Discipline of Pathology, Sydney Medical School, A26-RC Mills Room 105, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Jun Q Yu
- Discipline of Pathology, Sydney Medical School, A26-RC Mills Room 105, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Philip Beale
- Sydney Cancer Centre, Concord Hospital, Sydney, NSW 2139, Australia
| | - Fazlul Huq
- Discipline of Pathology, Sydney Medical School, A26-RC Mills Room 105, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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Tariq MU, Haseeb M, Aledhari M, Razzak R, Parizi RM, Saeed F. Methods for Proteogenomics Data Analysis, Challenges, and Scalability Bottlenecks: A Survey. IEEE ACCESS : PRACTICAL INNOVATIONS, OPEN SOLUTIONS 2020; 9:5497-5516. [PMID: 33537181 PMCID: PMC7853650 DOI: 10.1109/access.2020.3047588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Big Data Proteogenomics lies at the intersection of high-throughput Mass Spectrometry (MS) based proteomics and Next Generation Sequencing based genomics. The combined and integrated analysis of these two high-throughput technologies can help discover novel proteins using genomic, and transcriptomic data. Due to the biological significance of integrated analysis, the recent past has seen an influx of proteogenomic tools that perform various tasks, including mapping proteins to the genomic data, searching experimental MS spectra against a six-frame translation genome database, and automating the process of annotating genome sequences. To date, most of such tools have not focused on scalability issues that are inherent in proteogenomic data analysis where the size of the database is much larger than a typical protein database. These state-of-the-art tools can take more than half a month to process a small-scale dataset of one million spectra against a genome of 3 GB. In this article, we provide an up-to-date review of tools that can analyze proteogenomic datasets, providing a critical analysis of the techniques' relative merits and potential pitfalls. We also point out potential bottlenecks and recommendations that can be incorporated in the future design of these workflows to ensure scalability with the increasing size of proteogenomic data. Lastly, we make a case of how high-performance computing (HPC) solutions may be the best bet to ensure the scalability of future big data proteogenomic data analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Usman Tariq
- School of Computing and Information Sciences, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199, USA
| | - Muhammad Haseeb
- School of Computing and Information Sciences, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199, USA
| | - Mohammed Aledhari
- College of Computing and Software Engineering, Kennesaw State University, Marietta, GA 30060, USA
| | - Rehma Razzak
- College of Computing and Software Engineering, Kennesaw State University, Marietta, GA 30060, USA
| | - Reza M Parizi
- College of Computing and Software Engineering, Kennesaw State University, Marietta, GA 30060, USA
| | - Fahad Saeed
- School of Computing and Information Sciences, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199, USA
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Wang A, Liu L, Yuan M, Han S, You X, Zhang H, Lei F, Zhang Y. Role and mechanism of FLNa and UCP2 in the development of cervical cancer. Oncol Rep 2020; 44:2656-2668. [PMID: 33125133 PMCID: PMC7640370 DOI: 10.3892/or.2020.7819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2020] [Accepted: 09/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent studies have reported that filamin A (FLNa) and uncoupling protein 2 (UCP2) are highly expressed in various types of cancer, but little is currently known about their roles in cervical cancer (CC). In the present study, immunohistochemical staining of paraffin sections of cervical tissues was performed in order to compare the differential expression of FLNa, UCP2, p16 and Ki67 between CC and high-grade intraepithelial neoplasia (HSIL). UCP2 and FLNa were knocked down in CC cell lines to investigate the effects on cell proliferation, cell cycle arrest, apoptosis, migration and invasion. In addition, the present study investigated the expression of cell-associated proteins [extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), phosphorylated (p) ERK, protein kinase B (AKT), p-AKT and B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2)] and the mRNA levels of cellular proteins such as Ras, matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2 and MMP-9. FLNa and UCP2 expression levels were significantly higher in CC tissues than in HSIL tissues, with no significant differential expression of p16 or Ki67. UCP2 expression was significantly different in patients with clinical stage II or higher or lymph node metastasis compared with in other patients with cervical cancer. FLNa or UCP2 knockdown slowed or decreased SiHa and HeLa cell proliferation, migration and invasion, with no significant change in apoptosis, and downregulated the protein levels of p-ERK1/2, and the mRNA levels of Ras, MMP-2 and MMP-9. UCP2 knockdown arrested the cell cycle at the G2 phase in SiHa and HeLa cells, while FLNa knockdown arrested the cell cycle at the G2 phase in HeLa cells. The results of the present study revealed that FLNa and UCP2 play roles in the development and progression of CC via the Ras/MAPK/ERK signalling pathway. FLNa and UCP2 are superior to p16 and Ki67 for early prediction of CC, indicating that FLNa and UCP2 may be used for the early diagnosis of CC. UCP2 may be used to predict the prognosis of CC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aihong Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
| | - Lu Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
| | - Miao Yuan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
| | - Sai Han
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
| | - Xuewu You
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
| | - Hui Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Tai'an, Shandong 271000, P.R. China
| | - Fuhua Lei
- Department of Pathology, Feicheng Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Tai'an, Shandong 271600, P.R. China
| | - Youzhong Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
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Wu Q, Fan H, Lang R, Li X, Zhang X, Lv S, He Q. Overexpression of 14-3-3 δ Predicts Poor Prognosis in Extrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma Patients. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 2020:8435420. [PMID: 32685532 PMCID: PMC7321506 DOI: 10.1155/2020/8435420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2020] [Revised: 05/22/2020] [Accepted: 05/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The protein 14-3-3δ interacts with Trp53 to maintain G2 arrest and thus regulates the cell cycle. Though dysfunction of 14-3-3δ caused by hyper-methylation of CpG islands was reported in several carcinomas, the exact role of this protein in the development of extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma has not been fully elucidated. Here, we aim at investigating the clinical relevance between 14-3-3δ and human extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma. We collected extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma specimens of 65 patients in Beijing Chao Yang Hospital and evaluated their 14-3-3δ expression using immunohistochemistry. We categorized the patients into different subgroups according to clinic pathological factors, such as sex, age, tumor size, pathological classification, lymph node metastasis status, tumor stage, and serum markers including CEA, CA-242, or CA19-9, and further evaluated the correlation between 14-3-3δ expression and these potential prognostic factors. As a result, we detected 14-3-3δ expression in 53 out of 65 specimens (81.5%), and the expression was positively correlated with TNM stage, lymph node metastasis, and overall survival. Our results suggest that 14-3-3δ serves as an oncogenic driver in extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma tumorigenesis rather than a cell cycle regulator; the overexpression of 14-3-3δ might be frequently acquired by tumor cells to escape appropriate cell cycle regulation. Thus, 14-3-3δ could be a potential target for extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma diagnosis and therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiao Wu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Beijing Chao Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100020, China
| | - Hua Fan
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Beijing Chao Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100020, China
| | - Ren Lang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Beijing Chao Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100020, China
| | - Xianliang Li
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Beijing Chao Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100020, China
| | - Xingmao Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Beijing Chao Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100020, China
| | - Shaocheng Lv
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Beijing Chao Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100020, China
| | - Qiang He
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Beijing Chao Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100020, China
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16
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Mittal S, Rajala MS. Heat shock proteins as biomarkers of lung cancer. Cancer Biol Ther 2020; 21:477-485. [PMID: 32228356 PMCID: PMC7515496 DOI: 10.1080/15384047.2020.1736482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2019] [Revised: 12/18/2019] [Accepted: 02/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Heat shock proteins are known to be associated with a wide variety of human cancers including lung cancer. Overexpression of these molecular chaperones is linked with tumor survival, metastasis and anticancer drug resistance. In recent years, heat shock proteins are gaining much importance in the field of cancer research owing to their potential to be key determinants of cell survival and apoptosis. Lung cancer is one of the most common cancers diagnosed worldwide and the association of heat shock proteins in lung cancer diagnosis, prognosis and as drug targets remains unresolved. The aim of this review is to draw the importance of heat shock protein members; Hsp27, Hsp70, Hsp90, Hsp60 and their diagnostic and prognostic implications in lung cancer. Based on the available literature heat shock proteins can serve as biomarkers and anticancer drug targets in the management of lung cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonam Mittal
- School of Biotechnology, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India
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17
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Silvestrini VC, Thomé CH, Albuquerque D, de Souza Palma C, Ferreira GA, Lanfredi GP, Masson AP, Delsin LEA, Ferreira FU, de Souza FC, de Godoy LMF, Aquino A, Carrilho E, Panepucci RA, Covas DT, Faça VM. Proteomics analysis reveals the role of ubiquitin specific protease (USP47) in Epithelial to Mesenchymal Transition (EMT) induced by TGFβ2 in breast cells. J Proteomics 2020; 219:103734. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2020.103734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2019] [Revised: 02/04/2020] [Accepted: 03/10/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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18
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Chen L, Cai J, Huang Y, Tan X, Guo Q, Lin X, Zhu C, Zeng X, Liu H, Wu X. Identification of cofilin-1 as a novel mediator for the metastatic potentials and chemoresistance of the prostate cancer cells. Eur J Pharmacol 2020; 880:173100. [PMID: 32320704 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2020.173100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2019] [Revised: 03/08/2020] [Accepted: 04/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) is the most common malignancy among men. Tumor metastasis and chemoresistance contribute to the major cause of the mortality. In this study, we compared the protein profiles of two prostate cancer cell lines with different metastatic potentials, and identified cofilin-1 (CFL1) was one of the most differentially expressed proteins between two cell lines. Further results suggested that cofilin-1 promoted the remodeling of F-actin cytoskeleton, and enhanced the proliferation, migration and invasion of the prostate cancer cells via activation of P38 MAPK signaling pathway. In addition, cofilin-1 elevated the expression and drug efflux activity of multidrug resistance protein 1 (MDR1) by P38 MAPK signaling pathway, resulting in decrease of the adriamycin-induced apoptosis as well as the lytic cell death, and the subsequent resistance against adriamycin. Collectively, cofilin-1 might serve as a novel target candidate for both inhibiting the metastasis and reversing the chemoresistance of PCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liankuai Chen
- Institute of Tissue Transplantation and Immunology, MOE Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Jialong Cai
- Institute of Tissue Transplantation and Immunology, MOE Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Yishan Huang
- Institute of Tissue Transplantation and Immunology, MOE Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Xiangpeng Tan
- Institute of Tissue Transplantation and Immunology, MOE Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Qiuxiao Guo
- Institute of Tissue Transplantation and Immunology, MOE Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Xiaomian Lin
- Institute of Tissue Transplantation and Immunology, MOE Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Cairong Zhu
- Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510623, China
| | - Xiangfeng Zeng
- Institute of Tissue Transplantation and Immunology, MOE Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Hongjiao Liu
- Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510623, China.
| | - Xiaoping Wu
- Institute of Tissue Transplantation and Immunology, MOE Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China.
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Li Y, Yang B, Tian J, Sun W, Wang G, Qian A, Wang C, Shan X, Kang Y. An iTRAQ-Based Comparative Proteomics Analysis of the Biofilm and Planktonic States of Aeromonas veronii TH0426. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21041450. [PMID: 32093365 PMCID: PMC7073075 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21041450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2020] [Revised: 02/15/2020] [Accepted: 02/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Aeromonas veronii is a virulent fish pathogen that causes extensive economic losses in the aquaculture industry worldwide. In this study, a virulent strain of A. veronii TH0426 was used to establish an in vitro biofilm model. The results show that the biofilm-forming abilities of A. veronii TH0426 were similar in different media, peaking under conditions of 20 °C and pH 6. Further, isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation (iTRAQ)-based quantitative proteomics methods were used to compare the differential expression of A. veronii between the biofilm and planktonic cells. The results show alterations in 277 proteins, with 130 being upregulated and 147 downregulated. Pathway analysis and GO (Gene Ontology) annotations indicated that these proteins are mainly involved in metabolic pathways and the biosynthesis of secondary metabolites and antibiotics. These proteins are the main factors affecting the adaptability of A. veronii to its external environment. MRM (multiple reaction 27 monitoring) and qPCR (qPCR) were used to verify the differential proteins of the selected A. veronii. This is the first report on the biofilm and planktonic cells of A. veronii, thus contributing to studying the infection and pathogenesis of A. veronii.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Li
- Key Laboratory of Animal Production and Product Quality Safety of Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Provincial Engineering Research Center of Animal Probiotics, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China; (Y.L.); (B.Y.); (J.T.); (W.S.); (G.W.); (A.Q.); (C.W.)
| | - Bintong Yang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Production and Product Quality Safety of Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Provincial Engineering Research Center of Animal Probiotics, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China; (Y.L.); (B.Y.); (J.T.); (W.S.); (G.W.); (A.Q.); (C.W.)
- College of Life Science, Changchun Sci-Tech University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Jiaxin Tian
- Key Laboratory of Animal Production and Product Quality Safety of Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Provincial Engineering Research Center of Animal Probiotics, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China; (Y.L.); (B.Y.); (J.T.); (W.S.); (G.W.); (A.Q.); (C.W.)
| | - Wuwen Sun
- Key Laboratory of Animal Production and Product Quality Safety of Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Provincial Engineering Research Center of Animal Probiotics, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China; (Y.L.); (B.Y.); (J.T.); (W.S.); (G.W.); (A.Q.); (C.W.)
| | - Guiqin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Production and Product Quality Safety of Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Provincial Engineering Research Center of Animal Probiotics, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China; (Y.L.); (B.Y.); (J.T.); (W.S.); (G.W.); (A.Q.); (C.W.)
| | - Aidong Qian
- Key Laboratory of Animal Production and Product Quality Safety of Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Provincial Engineering Research Center of Animal Probiotics, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China; (Y.L.); (B.Y.); (J.T.); (W.S.); (G.W.); (A.Q.); (C.W.)
| | - Chunfeng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Production and Product Quality Safety of Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Provincial Engineering Research Center of Animal Probiotics, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China; (Y.L.); (B.Y.); (J.T.); (W.S.); (G.W.); (A.Q.); (C.W.)
| | - Xiaofeng Shan
- Key Laboratory of Animal Production and Product Quality Safety of Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Provincial Engineering Research Center of Animal Probiotics, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China; (Y.L.); (B.Y.); (J.T.); (W.S.); (G.W.); (A.Q.); (C.W.)
- Correspondence: (X.-F.S.); (Y.-H.K.); Tel.: +86-13504404077 (X.S.); +86-0431-84533426 (Y.K.)
| | - Yuanhuan Kang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Production and Product Quality Safety of Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Provincial Engineering Research Center of Animal Probiotics, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China; (Y.L.); (B.Y.); (J.T.); (W.S.); (G.W.); (A.Q.); (C.W.)
- Correspondence: (X.-F.S.); (Y.-H.K.); Tel.: +86-13504404077 (X.S.); +86-0431-84533426 (Y.K.)
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20
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Silvestrini VC, Lanfredi GP, Masson AP, Poersch A, Ferreira GA, Thomé CH, Faça VM. A proteomics outlook towards the elucidation of epithelial-mesenchymal transition molecular events. Mol Omics 2020; 15:316-330. [PMID: 31429845 DOI: 10.1039/c9mo00095j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The main cause of death in cancer is the spread, or metastasis, of cancer cells to distant organs with consequent tumor formation. Additionally, metastasis is a process that demands special attention, as the cellular transformations make cancer at this stage very difficult or occasionally even impossible to be cured. The main process that converts epithelial tumor cells to mesenchymal-like metastatic cells is the Epithelial to Mesenchymal Transition (EMT). This process allows stationary and polarized epithelial cells, which are connected laterally to several types of junctions as well as the basement membrane, to undergo multiple biochemical changes that enable disruption of cell-cell adherence and apical-basal polarity. Moreover, the cells undergo important reprogramming to remodel the cytoskeleton and acquire mesenchymal characteristics such as enhanced migratory capacity, invasiveness, elevated resistance to apoptosis and a large increase in the production of ECM components. As expected, the alterations of the protein complement are extensive and complex, and thus exploring this by proteomic approaches is of particular interest. Here we review the overall findings of proteome modifications during EMT, mainly focusing on molecular signatures observed in multiple proteomic studies as well as coordinated pathways, cellular processes and their clinical relevance for altered proteins. As a result, an interesting set of proteins is highlighted as potential targets to be further investigated in the context of EMT, metastasis and cancer progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Virgínia Campos Silvestrini
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology - FMRP - University of São Paulo, Av. Bandeirantes, 3900, 14049-900, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil.
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Zhang L, Huang J, Lin Q, Ma Y, Xia R, Zhu Y, Abudubari S. Serum Proteomic Profiling Analysis of Rats Chronically Exposed to Arsenic. Med Sci Monit 2019; 25:9923-9932. [PMID: 31874112 PMCID: PMC6941779 DOI: 10.12659/msm.918696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Arsenic (As) is an environmental contaminant, and As pollution in water and soil is a public health issue worldwide. As exposure is associated with the incidence of many disorders, such as arteriosclerosis, diabetes, neurodegenerative diseases, and renal dysfunction. However, the mechanism of As toxicity remains unclear. Material/Methods We investigated the changes in serum protein profiles of rats chronically exposed to As. Twenty healthy rats were randomly divided into 4 groups, and sodium arsenite of varying final concentrations (0, 2, 10, and 50 mg/L, respectively) was add into the drinking water for each group. The administration lasted for 3 months. Two proteomic strategies, isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation (iTRAQ), and 2-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE), were employed to screen the differential serum proteins between control and arsenite exposure groups. Results We identified a total of 27 differentially-expressed proteins, among which 9 proteins were significantly upregulated and 18 were downregulated by As exposure. Many of the differentially-expressed proteins were related to fat digestion and absorption, including 5 apolipoproteins, which indicated lipid metabolism may be the most affected by As exposure. Conclusions This study revealed the influence of As on lipid metabolism, suggesting an increased potential risk of relevant diseases in subjects chronically exposed to As.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Zhang
- Division of Endemic Disease Prevention, Xinjiang Uighur Autonomous Region Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China (mainland)
| | - Jia Huang
- Division of Endemic Disease Prevention, Xinjiang Uighur Autonomous Region Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China (mainland).,School of Public Health, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China (mainland)
| | - Qin Lin
- Division of Endemic Disease Prevention, Xinjiang Uighur Autonomous Region Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China (mainland)
| | - Yan Ma
- School of Public Health, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China (mainland)
| | - Rongxiang Xia
- Division of Endemic Disease Prevention, Xinjiang Uighur Autonomous Region Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China (mainland)
| | - Yuming Zhu
- Division of Endemic Disease Prevention, Xinjiang Uighur Autonomous Region Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China (mainland)
| | - Saimaitikari Abudubari
- School of Public Health, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China (mainland)
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Qu Z, Feng J, Pan H, Jiang Y, Duan Y, Fa Z. Exosomes derived from HCC cells with different invasion characteristics mediated EMT through TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway. Onco Targets Ther 2019; 12:6897-6905. [PMID: 31692540 PMCID: PMC6711569 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s209413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2019] [Accepted: 07/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Exosomes are nano-sized biological vesicles released by many kinds of cells, which play an important role in tumor metastasis through transporting cytokines, RNAs and proteins. However, the molecular mechanisms of exosomes in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) metastasis are not completely understood. Materials and methods Exosomes derived from hepatoma cell lines with different invasion characteristics. Exosome characteristics, cell migration and invasion, and effects on major signal transduction pathways deregulated in cancer cells were analyzed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), wound-healing assay, Trans-well invasion assay and Western blot-based assays, respectively. Moreover, exosomes effects on tumor metastasis in vivo were investigated by subcutaneous transplantation tumor model of athymic nude mice. Results Exosomes derived from hepatoma cells can promote the migration and invasion of recipient cells, induce the decrease of E-cadherin expression, increase the expression of Vimentin and promote epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in cells. Moreover, highly invasive hepatoma-cells-derived exosomes effects are stronger than low-invasive hepatoma cells and normal liver cells exosomes. Mechanistic studies showed that the biological alterations in recipient HCC cells treated with MHCC97H and MHCC97L-derived exosomes were caused by inducing EMT via TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway. In vivo experiments also suggest that highly invasive hepatoma cells derived exosomes are more likely to promote lung metastasis of HCC in nude mice. Conclusion Our results reveal the important role of tumor-derived exosomes in the migration and invasion of recipient cells and exosomes may be the novel therapeutic and prognostic targets for HCC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Qu
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, The First People's Hospital of Changzhou, the Third Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiawei Feng
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, The First People's Hospital of Changzhou, the Third Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Hua Pan
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The People's Hospital of Liyang, Liyang, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Yong Jiang
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, The First People's Hospital of Changzhou, the Third Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Yunfei Duan
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, The First People's Hospital of Changzhou, the Third Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenzhong Fa
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Changzhou Wujin People's Hospital, Wujin Hospital Affiliated to Jiangsu University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
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23
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Zadeh Fakhar HB, Zali H, Rezaie-Tavirani M, Darkhaneh RF, Babaabasi B. Proteome profiling of low grade serous ovarian cancer. J Ovarian Res 2019; 12:64. [PMID: 31315664 PMCID: PMC6637464 DOI: 10.1186/s13048-019-0535-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2018] [Accepted: 06/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Serous carcinoma, the subtype of ovarian cancer has the highest occurrence and mortality in women. Proteomic profiling using mass spectrometry (MS) has been used to detect biomarkers in tissue s obtained from patients with ovarian cancer. Thus, this study aimed at analyzing the interactome (protein-protein interaction (PPI)) and (MS) data to inspect PPI networks in patients with Low grade serous ovarian cancer. Methods For proteome profiling in Low grade serous ovarian cancer, 2DE and mass spectrometry were used. Differentially expressed proteins which had been determined in Low grade serous ovarian cancer and experimental group separately were integrated with PPI data to construct the (QQPPI) networks. Results Six Hub-bottlenecks proteins with significant centrality values, based on centrality parameters of the network (Degree and between), were found including Transgelin (TAGLN), Keratin (KRT14), Single peptide match to actin, cytoplasmic 1(ACTB), apolipoprotein A-I (APOA1), Peroxiredoxin-2 (PRDX2), and Haptoglobin (HP). Discussion This study showed these six proteins were introduced as hub-bottleneck protein. It can be concluded that regulation of gene expression can have a critical role in the pathology of Low-grade serous ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hakimeh Zali
- Proteomics Research Center, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | | | - Babak Babaabasi
- Department of Genetics, Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
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Yin LM, Ulloa L, Yang YQ. Transgelin-2: Biochemical and Clinical Implications in Cancer and Asthma. Trends Biochem Sci 2019; 44:885-896. [PMID: 31256982 DOI: 10.1016/j.tibs.2019.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2018] [Revised: 05/22/2019] [Accepted: 05/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Transgelin-2 has been regarded as an actin-binding protein that induces actin gelation and regulates actin cytoskeleton. However, transgelin-2 has recently been shown to relax the myosin cytoskeleton of the airway smooth muscle cells by acting as a receptor for extracellular metallothionein-2. From a clinical perspective, these results support transgelin-2 as a promising therapeutic target for diseases such as cancer and asthma. The inhibition of transgelin-2 prevents actin gelation and thereby cancer cell proliferation, invasion, and metastasis. Conversely, the activation of transgelin-2 with specific agonists relaxes airway smooth muscles and reduces pulmonary resistance in asthma. Here, we review new studies on the biochemical properties of transgelin-2 and discuss their clinical implications for the treatment of immune, oncogenic, and respiratory disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei-Miao Yin
- Yueyang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Luis Ulloa
- International Laboratory of Neuro-Immunomodulation, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200030, China; Center of Immunology and Inflammation, Dept. of Surgery. Rutgers University-New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ 07101, USA.
| | - Yong-Qing Yang
- Yueyang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200030, China.
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25
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Zhang Z, Liu X, Huang R, Liu X, Liang Z, Liu T. Upregulation of nucleoprotein AHNAK is associated with poor outcome of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma prognosis via mediating epithelial-mesenchymal transition. J Cancer 2019; 10:3860-3870. [PMID: 31333803 PMCID: PMC6636292 DOI: 10.7150/jca.31291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2018] [Accepted: 05/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The nucleoprotein AHNAK (AHNAK) is a large scaffold protein that is involved in several biological processes. Previous studies have suggested a possible relation between AHNAK and the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). However, the role of AHNAK in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) has not been unveiled. The present study focuses on identifying the potential value of the biological effects of AHNAK in PDAC, which is one of the most lethal malignancies. Bioinformatic analysis was carried for driver gene prediction, and we proved that AHNAK was a driver gene of pancreatic adenocarcinoma and a predictor of poor outcomes of PDAC by clinical characteristics analysis and in vitro experiments. High AHNAK expression was associated with short disease-free survival and poor overall survival. In vitro assays showed that AHNAK was associated with cell proliferation and migration, and a positive relation was observed between AHNAK and the EMT. In conclusion, AHNAK is a crucial biomarker that may promote cellular proliferation and migration and thus impact PDAC outcomes via the EMT, which suggests that AHANK might be a potential target for PDAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiwen Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Xiaoding Liu
- Department of Pathology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Rui Huang
- Department of Pathology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Xuguang Liu
- Department of Pathology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Zhiyong Liang
- Department of Pathology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Tonghua Liu
- Department of Pathology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China
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26
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Michie KA, Bermeister A, Robertson NO, Goodchild SC, Curmi PMG. Two Sides of the Coin: Ezrin/Radixin/Moesin and Merlin Control Membrane Structure and Contact Inhibition. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20081996. [PMID: 31018575 PMCID: PMC6515277 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20081996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2019] [Revised: 04/16/2019] [Accepted: 04/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The merlin-ERM (ezrin, radixin, moesin) family of proteins plays a central role in linking the cellular membranes to the cortical actin cytoskeleton. Merlin regulates contact inhibition and is an integral part of cell–cell junctions, while ERM proteins, ezrin, radixin and moesin, assist in the formation and maintenance of specialized plasma membrane structures and membrane vesicle structures. These two protein families share a common evolutionary history, having arisen and separated via gene duplication near the origin of metazoa. During approximately 0.5 billion years of evolution, the merlin and ERM family proteins have maintained both sequence and structural conservation to an extraordinary level. Comparing crystal structures of merlin-ERM proteins and their complexes, a picture emerges of the merlin-ERM proteins acting as switchable interaction hubs, assembling protein complexes on cellular membranes and linking them to the actin cytoskeleton. Given the high level of structural conservation between the merlin and ERM family proteins we speculate that they may function together.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharine A Michie
- School of Physics, University of New South Wales, Sydney 2052, Australia.
| | - Adam Bermeister
- School of Physics, University of New South Wales, Sydney 2052, Australia.
| | - Neil O Robertson
- School of Physics, University of New South Wales, Sydney 2052, Australia.
| | - Sophia C Goodchild
- Department of Molecular Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney 2109, Australia.
| | - Paul M G Curmi
- School of Physics, University of New South Wales, Sydney 2052, Australia.
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27
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Desoubeaux G, Piqueras MDC, Le-Bert C, Fravel V, Clauss T, Delaune AJ, Daniels R, Jensen ED, Flower JE, Bossart GD, Bhattacharya SK, Cray C. Labeled quantitative mass spectrometry to study the host response during aspergillosis in the common bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops truncatus). Vet Microbiol 2019; 232:42-49. [PMID: 31030843 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2019.03.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2018] [Revised: 01/10/2019] [Accepted: 03/29/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Aspergillosis is a fungal infection caused by Aspergillus molds that can affect both humans and animals. Despite advances in diagnostics and therapy, medical management of this disease remains difficult. Expansion of the basic knowledge regarding its pathophysiology in animals is critical to aid in the identification of new biomarkers of infection for diagnosis and therapeutic targets. For such a purpose, proteomics can be used by addressing protein changes during various disease processes. In the present study, a mass spectrometry analysis based on isobaric tagging for relative and absolute quantitation (iTRAQ®) was applied for direct identification and relative quantitation of proteins in blood collected from 32 Aspergillus-diseased common bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus, 32 samples) in comparison with blood from 55 other dolphins (55 samples from 41 clinically-normal controls and from 14 cetaceans with miscellaneous non-Aspergillus inflammation diseases) and ten convalescent dolphins (28 samples). Sixty-six and 40 proteins were found to be ≥2.0-fold over- and underrepresented versus miscellaneous non-Aspergillus inflammatory dolphins, respectively, and most were confirmed vs. clinically-normal controls and convalescents. Many proteins which play a role in the adaptive immune response were identified, including MHC proteins and others involved in catalytic activity like the NADPH-ubiquinone oxido-reductases. Overall, iTRAQ® appears to be a convenient proteomic tool greatly suited for exploratory ex vivo studies focusing on pathophysiology. This technique should be considered as a preliminary step before validation of new diagnostic markers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guillaume Desoubeaux
- University of Miami, Division of Comparative Pathology, Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, 33136, USA; CHU de Tours, Service de Parasitologie, Mycologie, Médecine tropicale, 37044, Tours, France; Université de Tours, CEPR - INSERM U1100 / Équipe 3, Faculté de Médecine, 37032, Tours, France
| | - Maria Del Carmen Piqueras
- University of Miami, Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, Mass Spectrometry Core Facility, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, 33136, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Risa Daniels
- National Marine Mammal Foundation, San Diego, CA, 92106, USA
| | - Eric D Jensen
- U.S. Navy Marine Mammal Program, San Diego, CA, 92152, USA
| | - Jennifer E Flower
- Chicago Zoological Society's Brookfield Zoo, Brookfield, IL, 60513, USA
| | - Gregory D Bossart
- University of Miami, Division of Comparative Pathology, Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, 33136, USA; Georgia Aquarium, Atlanta, GA, 30313, USA
| | - Sanjoy K Bhattacharya
- University of Miami, Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, Mass Spectrometry Core Facility, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, 33136, USA
| | - Carolyn Cray
- University of Miami, Division of Comparative Pathology, Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, 33136, USA.
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28
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Li D, Yang W, Arthur C, Liu JS, Cruz-Niera C, Yang MQ. Systems biology analysis reveals new insights into invasive lung cancer. BMC SYSTEMS BIOLOGY 2018; 12:117. [PMID: 30547817 PMCID: PMC6293490 DOI: 10.1186/s12918-018-0637-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Background Adenocarcinoma in situ (AIS) is a pre-invasive lesion in the lung and a subtype of lung adenocarcinoma. The patients with AIS can be cured by resecting the lesion completely. In contrast, the patients with invasive lung adenocarcinoma have very poor 5-year survival rate. AIS can develop into invasive lung adenocarcinoma. The investigation and comparison of AIS and invasive lung adenocarcinoma at the genomic level can deepen our understanding of the mechanisms underlying lung cancer development. Results In this study, we identified 61 lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) invasive-specific differentially expressed genes, including nine long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) based on RNA sequencing techniques (RNA-seq) data from normal, AIS, and invasive tissue samples. These genes displayed concordant differential expression (DE) patterns in the independent stage III LUAD tissues obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) RNA-seq dataset. For individual invasive-specific genes, we constructed subnetworks using the Genetic Algorithm (GA) based on protein-protein interactions, protein-DNA interactions and lncRNA regulations. A total of 19 core subnetworks that consisted of invasive-specific genes and at least one putative lung cancer driver gene were identified by our study. Functional analysis of the core subnetworks revealed their enrichment in known pathways and biological progresses responsible for tumor growth and invasion, including the VEGF signaling pathway and the negative regulation of cell growth. Conclusions Our comparison analysis of invasive cases, normal and AIS uncovered critical genes that involved in the LUAD invasion progression. Furthermore, the GA-based network method revealed gene clusters that may function in the pathways contributing to tumor invasion. The interactions between differentially expressed genes and putative driver genes identified through the network analysis can offer new targets for preventing the cancer invasion and potentially increase the survival rate for cancer patients. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12918-018-0637-z) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Li
- MidSouth Bioinformatics Center and Joint Bioinformatics Ph.D. Program, University of Arkansas at Little Rock and University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, 2801 S. University Avenue, Little Rock, AR, 72204, USA
| | - William Yang
- Department of Computer Science, Carnegie Mellon University School of Computer Science, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA.,Department of Genetics, Yale University, 333 Cedar Street, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA
| | - Carolyn Arthur
- MidSouth Bioinformatics Center and Joint Bioinformatics Ph.D. Program, University of Arkansas at Little Rock and University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, 2801 S. University Avenue, Little Rock, AR, 72204, USA
| | - Jun S Liu
- Department of Statistics, Harvard University, One Oxford Street, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA
| | - Carolina Cruz-Niera
- MidSouth Bioinformatics Center and Joint Bioinformatics Ph.D. Program, University of Arkansas at Little Rock and University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, 2801 S. University Avenue, Little Rock, AR, 72204, USA.,Department of Information Science and Department of Computer Science, Member of United States National Academy of Engineering, George Washington Donaghey College of Engineering & IT, University of Arkansas at Little Rock, 2801 S. University Avenue, Little Rock, AR, 72204, USA
| | - Mary Qu Yang
- MidSouth Bioinformatics Center and Joint Bioinformatics Ph.D. Program, University of Arkansas at Little Rock and University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, 2801 S. University Avenue, Little Rock, AR, 72204, USA.
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29
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Sohn M, Shin S, Yoo JY, Goh Y, Lee IH, Bae YS. Ahnak promotes tumor metastasis through transforming growth factor-β-mediated epithelial-mesenchymal transition. Sci Rep 2018; 8:14379. [PMID: 30258109 PMCID: PMC6158194 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-32796-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2018] [Accepted: 09/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Previously, we reported a molecular mechanism by which Ahnak potentiates transforming growth factor-β (TGFβ) signaling during cell growth. Here, we show that Ahnak induces epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in response to TGFβ. EMT phenotypes, including altered in cell morphology, and expression patterns of various EMT marker genes were detected in HaCaT keratinocytes transfected with Ahnak-specific siRNA. Knockdown of Ahnak expression in HaCaT keratinocytes resulted in attenuated cell migration and invasion. We found that Ahnak activates TGFβ signaling via Smad3 phosphorylation, leading to enhanced Smad3 transcriptional activity. To validate function of Ahnak in EMT of B16F10 cells having high metastatic and tumorigenic properties, we established B16F10 cells with stable knockdown of Ahnak. N-cadherin expression and Smad3 phosphorylation were significantly decreased in B16F10-shAhnak cells, compared to B16F10-shControl cells after treatment of TGFβ. Moreover, TGFβ failed to induce cell migration and cell invasion in B16F10-shAhnak cells. To determine whether Ahnak regulates the metastatic activity of B16F10 cells, we established a lung metastasis model in C57BL/6 mice via tail vein injection of B16F10-shAhnak cells. Lung metastasis was significantly suppressed in mice injected with B16F10-shAhnak cells, compared to those injected with B16F10-shControl cells. Taken together, we propose that TGFβ-Ahnak signaling axis regulates EMT during tumor metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mira Sohn
- Department of Life Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, 120-750, Korea
| | - Sunmee Shin
- Department of Life Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, 120-750, Korea
| | - Jung-Yeon Yoo
- Department of Life Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, 120-750, Korea
| | - Yookyung Goh
- Department of Life Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, 120-750, Korea
| | - In Hye Lee
- Department of Life Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, 120-750, Korea.
| | - Yun Soo Bae
- Department of Life Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, 120-750, Korea.
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30
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Bydoun M, Sterea A, Weaver ICG, Bharadwaj AG, Waisman DM. A novel mechanism of plasminogen activation in epithelial and mesenchymal cells. Sci Rep 2018; 8:14091. [PMID: 30237490 PMCID: PMC6148250 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-32433-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2018] [Accepted: 09/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer dissemination is initiated by the movement of cells into the vasculature which has been reported to be triggered by EMT (epithelial to mesenchymal transition). Cellular dissemination also requires proteases that remodel the extracellular matrix. The protease, plasmin is a prominent player in matrix remodeling and invasion. Despite the contribution of both EMT and the plasminogen activation (PA) system to cell dissemination, these processes have never been functionally linked. We reveal that canonical Smad-dependent TGFβ1 signaling and FOXC2-mediated PI3K signaling in cells undergoing EMT reciprocally modulate plasminogen activation partly by regulating the plasminogen receptor, S100A10 and the plasminogen activation inhibitor, PAI-1. Plasminogen activation and plasminogen-dependent invasion were more prominent in epithelial-like cells and were partly dictated by the expression of S100A10 and PAI-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moamen Bydoun
- Department of Pathology, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Andra Sterea
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Ian C G Weaver
- Department of Pathology, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada.,Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada.,Department of Psychiatry, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada.,Brain Repair Centre, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Alamelu G Bharadwaj
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - David M Waisman
- Department of Pathology, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada. .,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada.
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31
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Desoubeaux G, CHAUVIN D, Piqueras MDC, BRONSON E, BHATTACHARYA SK, SIRPENSKI G, BAILLY E, CRAY C. Translational proteomic study to address host protein changes during aspergillosis. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0200843. [PMID: 30040865 PMCID: PMC6057647 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0200843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2018] [Accepted: 07/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Aspergillosis is a fungal disease due to Aspergillus molds that can affect both humans and animals. As routine diagnosis remains difficult, improvement of basic knowledge with respect to its pathophysiology is critical to search for new biomarkers of infection and new therapeutic targets. Large-scale proteomics allows assessment of protein changes during various disease processes. In the present study, mass spectrometry iTRAQ® (isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation) protocol was used for direct identification and relative quantitation of host proteins in diseased fluids and tissues collected from an experimental rat model challenged with Aspergillus, as well as in blood obtained from naturally-infected penguins. In all, mass spectrometry analysis revealed that proteome during aspergillosis was mostly represented by proteins that usually express role in metabolic processes and biological process regulation. Ten and 17 proteins were significantly ≥4.0-fold overrepresented in blood of Aspergillus-diseased rats and penguins, respectively, while five and 39 were negatively ≥4.0-fold depleted within the same samples. In rat lungs, 33 proteins were identified with positive or negative relative changes versus controls and were quite different from those identified in the blood. Except for some zinc finger proteins, kinases, and histone transferases, and while three pathways were common (Wnt, cadherin and FGF), great inter-species variabilities were observed regarding the identity of the differentially-represented proteins. Thus, this finding confirmed how difficult it is to define a unique biomarker of infection. iTRAQ® protocol appears as a convenient proteomic tool that is greatly suited to ex vivo exploratory studies and should be considered as preliminary step before validation of new diagnostic markers and new therapeutic targets in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guillaume Desoubeaux
- University of Miami, Division of Comparative Pathology, Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States of America
- CHU de Tours, Parasitologie, Mycologie, Médecine tropicale, Tours, France
- Université de Tours, CEPR—INSERM U1100 / Équipe 3, Faculté de Médecine, Tours, France
| | - David CHAUVIN
- Université de Tours, CEPR—INSERM U1100 / Équipe 3, Faculté de Médecine, Tours, France
| | - Maria del Carmen Piqueras
- University of Miami, Mass Spectrometry Core Facility, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States of America
| | - Ellen BRONSON
- Maryland Zoo in Baltimore, Baltimore, MD, United States of America
| | - Sanjoy K. BHATTACHARYA
- University of Miami, Mass Spectrometry Core Facility, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States of America
| | | | - Eric BAILLY
- CHU de Tours, Parasitologie, Mycologie, Médecine tropicale, Tours, France
| | - Carolyn CRAY
- University of Miami, Division of Comparative Pathology, Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States of America
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32
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Zacharias M, Brcic L, Eidenhammer S, Popper H. Bulk tumour cell migration in lung carcinomas might be more common than epithelial-mesenchymal transition and be differently regulated. BMC Cancer 2018; 18:717. [PMID: 29976164 PMCID: PMC6034257 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-018-4640-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2018] [Accepted: 06/27/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is one mechanism of carcinoma migration, while complex tumour migration or bulk migration is another - best demontrated by tumour cells invading blood vessels. Methods Thirty cases of non-small cell lung carcinomas were used for identifying genes responsible for bulk cell migration, 232 squamous cell and adenocarcinomas to identify bulk migration rates. Genes expressed differently in the primary tumour and in the invasion front were regarded as relevant in migration and further validated in 528 NSCLC cases represented on tissue microarrays (TMAs) and metastasis TMAs. Results Markers relevant for bulk cancer cell migration were regulated differently when compared with EMT: Twist expressed in primary tumour, invasion front, and metastasis was not associated with TGFβ1 and canonical Wnt, as Slug, Snail, and Smads were negative and β-Catenin expressed membraneously. In the majority of tumours, E-Cadherin was downregulated at the invasive front, but not absent, but, coexpressed with N-Cadherin. Vimentin was coexpressed with cytokeratins at the invasion site in few cases, whereas fascin expression was seen in a majority. Expression of ERK1/2 was downregulated, PLCγ was only expressed at the invasive front and in metastasis. Brk and Mad, genes identified in Drosophila border cell migration, might be important for bulk migration and metastasis, together with invadipodia proteins Tks5 and Rab40B, which were only upregulated at the invasive front and in metastasis. CXCR1 was expressed equally in all carcinomas, as opposed to CXCR2 and 4, which were only expressed in few tumours. Conclusion Bulk cancer cell migration seems predominant in AC and SCC. Twist, vimentin, fascin, Mad, Brk, Tsk5, Rab40B, ERK1/2 and PLCγ are associated with bulk cancer cell migration. This type of migration requires an orchestrated activation of proteins to keep the cells bound to each other and to coordinate movement. This hypothesis needs to be proven experimentally. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12885-018-4640-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Zacharias
- Diagnostic and Research Center, Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Graz, Neue Stiftingtalstraße 6, Graz, 8036, Austria
| | - Luka Brcic
- Diagnostic and Research Center, Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Graz, Neue Stiftingtalstraße 6, Graz, 8036, Austria
| | - Sylvia Eidenhammer
- Diagnostic and Research Center, Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Graz, Neue Stiftingtalstraße 6, Graz, 8036, Austria
| | - Helmut Popper
- Diagnostic and Research Center, Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Graz, Neue Stiftingtalstraße 6, Graz, 8036, Austria.
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33
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Shum AMY, Poljak A, Bentley NL, Turner N, Tan TC, Polly P. Proteomic profiling of skeletal and cardiac muscle in cancer cachexia: alterations in sarcomeric and mitochondrial protein expression. Oncotarget 2018; 9:22001-22022. [PMID: 29774118 PMCID: PMC5955146 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.25146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2016] [Accepted: 03/10/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Cancer cachexia is observed in more than 50% of advanced cancer patients, and impairs quality of life and prognosis. A variety of pathways are likely to be dysregulated. Hence, a broad-spectrum understanding of the disease process is best achieved by a discovery based approach such as proteomics. Results More than 300 proteins were identified with > 95% confidence in correct sequence identification, of which 5–10% were significantly differentially expressed in cachectic tissues (p-value of 0.05; 27 proteins from gastrocnemius, 34 proteins from soleus and 24 proteins from heart). The two most pronounced functional groups being sarcomeric proteins (mostly upregulated across all three muscle types) and energy/metabolism proteins (mostly downregulated across all muscle types). Electron microscopy revealed disintegration of the sarcomere and morphological aberrations of mitochondria in the cardiac muscle of colon 26 (C26) carcinoma mice. Materials and Methods The colon 26 (C26) carcinoma mouse model of cachexia was used to analyse soleus, gastrocnemius and cardiac muscles using two 8-plex iTRAQ proteomic experiments and tandem mass spectrometry (LCMSMS). Differentially expressed proteomic lists for protein clustering and enrichment of biological processes, molecular pathways, and disease related pathways were analysed using bioinformatics. Cardiac muscle ultrastructure was explored by electron microscopy. Conclusions Morphological and proteomic analyses suggested molecular events associated with disintegrated sarcomeric structure with increased dissolution of Z-disc and M-line proteins. Altered mitochondrial morphology, in combination with the reduced expression of proteins regulating substrate and energy metabolism, suggest that muscle cells are likely to be undergoing a state of energy crisis which ultimately results in cancer-induced cachexia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angie M Y Shum
- Mechanisms of Disease and Translational Research, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Department of Pathology, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Anne Poljak
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Bioanalytical Mass Spectrometry Facility, UNSW Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing, School of Psychiatry, UNSW Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Nicholas L Bentley
- Mechanisms of Disease and Translational Research, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Department of Pharmacology, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Nigel Turner
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Timothy C Tan
- Mechanisms of Disease and Translational Research, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Department of Pathology, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Western Clinical School and Westmead Hospital, Westmead, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Patsie Polly
- Mechanisms of Disease and Translational Research, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Department of Pathology, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
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34
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Chockley PJ, Chen J, Chen G, Beer DG, Standiford TJ, Keshamouni VG. Epithelial-mesenchymal transition leads to NK cell-mediated metastasis-specific immunosurveillance in lung cancer. J Clin Invest 2018; 128:1384-1396. [PMID: 29324443 DOI: 10.1172/jci97611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2017] [Accepted: 01/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
During epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) epithelial cancer cells transdifferentiate into highly motile, invasive, mesenchymal-like cells, giving rise to disseminating tumor cells. Few of these disseminated cells successfully metastasize. Immune cells and inflammation in the tumor microenvironment were shown to drive EMT, but few studies investigated the consequences of EMT for tumor immunosurveillance. In addition to initiating metastasis, we demonstrate that EMT confers increased susceptibility to natural killer (NK) cells and contributes, in part, to the inefficiency of the metastatic process. Depletion of NK cells allowed spontaneous metastasis without affecting primary tumor growth. EMT-induced modulation of E-cadherin and cell adhesion molecule 1 (CADM1) mediated increased susceptibility to NK cytotoxicity. Higher CADM1 expression correlates with improved patient survival in 2 lung and 1 breast adenocarcinoma patient cohorts and decreased metastasis. Our observations reveal a novel NK-mediated, metastasis-specific immunosurveillance in lung cancer and present a window of opportunity for preventing metastasis by boosting NK cell activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter J Chockley
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine.,Graduate Program in Immunology, and
| | - Jun Chen
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine
| | - Guoan Chen
- Department of Surgery, University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - David G Beer
- Department of Surgery, University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
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Zhang Y, Zhu T, Liu J, Liu J, Gao D, Su T, Zhao R. FLNa negatively regulated proliferation and metastasis in lung adenocarcinoma A549 cells via suppression of EGFR. Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai) 2018; 50:164-170. [PMID: 29272322 DOI: 10.1093/abbs/gmx135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2017] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Filamin A (FLNa) is a ubiquitously expressed cytoplasmic protein, which composes of an N-terminal actin binding domain (ABD) followed by 24 Ig-like repeats. FLNa functions as a cytoskeletal protein that links transmembrane receptors, including integrins, to F-actin and serves as a signaling intermediate. Recent studies have identified FLNa as a scaffold protein that interacts with over 90 proteins and plays vital roles in cellular signaling transduction. Mutations or defects in human FLNa gene have been shown to cause numerous developmental defects. Moreover, aberrant expression of FLNa has been observed in many cancers, such as parathyroid tumor, cervical cancer, and breast cancer. However, its role in lung adenocarcinoma has seldom been discussed. In the present study, our in vitro and in vivo studies demonstrated that silencing FLNa expression in lung cancer cell line A549 cells promoted proliferation, migration, and invasiveness of A549 cells by enhancing the activation of epidermal growth factor receptor and ERK signaling pathway. These results shed light on novel functions of FLNa in lung cancer and uncovered novel mechanisms, these results provided possible targets for the prediction and treatment for lung adenocarcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuna Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, Fourth Hospital, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050011, China
| | - Tienian Zhu
- Department of Immunology, Key Laboratory of Immune Mechanism and Intervention on Serious Disease in Hebei Province, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, China
- Department of Medical Oncology, Bethune International Peace Hospital, Shijiazhuang 050082, China
| | - Jingpu Liu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Bethune International Peace Hospital, Shijiazhuang 050082, China
| | - Jiankun Liu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Bethune International Peace Hospital, Shijiazhuang 050082, China
| | - Dongmei Gao
- Department of Medical Oncology, Bethune International Peace Hospital, Shijiazhuang 050082, China
| | - Tongyi Su
- Department of Medical Oncology, Bethune International Peace Hospital, Shijiazhuang 050082, China
| | - Ruijing Zhao
- Department of Immunology, Key Laboratory of Immune Mechanism and Intervention on Serious Disease in Hebei Province, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, China
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36
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Wang L, Xiong L, Wu Z, Miao X, Liu Z, Li D, Zou Q, Yang Z. Expression of UGP2 and CFL1 expression levels in benign and malignant pancreatic lesions and their clinicopathological significance. World J Surg Oncol 2018; 16:11. [PMID: 29347944 PMCID: PMC5774110 DOI: 10.1186/s12957-018-1316-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2017] [Accepted: 01/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study investigated UGP2 (uridine diphosphate-glucose pyrophosphorylase-2) and CFL1 (cofilin-1) expression in pancreatic ductal carcinoma (PDC), paracancerous tissue (PT), benign lesions (BL), and normal tissue (NT) and their clinicopathological significance. METHODS Surgical specimens, which were collected from 106 cases of pancreatic ductal carcinoma, 35 cases of paracancerous tissues, 55 cases of benign lesions and 13 cases of normal pancreatic tissues, were fixed with 4% formaldehyde to prepare conventional paraffin-embedded sections. EnVision immunohistochemical was used to stain for UGP2 and CFL1. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis was performed to assess the correlation of expression pattern with survival. RESULTS We found that positive UGP2 and CFL1 expression in PDC were significantly higher than those in PT, BL, and NT. In PT and BL with positive UGP2 and CFL1 expression, mild to severe atypical hyperplasia or intraepithelial neoplasia of grades II-III was observed in ductal epithelium. Positive UGP2 and CFL1 expression in cases with high differentiation, no lymph node metastasis, no surrounding invasion, and TNM (tumor-node-metastasis) staging I or/and II were significantly lower than those in cases with poor differentiation, lymph node metastasis, surrounding invasion, and TNM stage III and/or IV. Positive UGP2 expression in male patients was significantly lower than that in female patients. UGP2 and CFL1 expression in PDC were positively correlated. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis showed the degree of differentiation, tumor maximal diameter, TNM stage, lymph node metastasis, and surrounding invasion, and UGP2 and CFL1 expression were closely related to the average survival time of patients with PDC. The survival time of patients with positive UGP2 and CFL1 expression was significantly shorter than that of patients with negative expression. Cox multivariate analysis showed that poor differentiation, tumor maximal diameter ≥ 3 cm, TNM stage III or IV, lymph node metastasis, surrounding invasion, and positive UGP2 and CFL1 expression was negatively correlated with the postoperative survival rate and positively correlated with the mortality of patients with PDC. CONCLUSION Positive expression of UGP2 and CFL1 can serve a valuable prognostic factor in pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingxiang Wang
- General Surgery Department, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, People's Republic of China.,Research Laboratory of Hepatobiliary Diseases, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Xiong
- General Surgery Department, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, People's Republic of China.,Research Laboratory of Hepatobiliary Diseases, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhengchun Wu
- General Surgery Department, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, People's Republic of China.,Research Laboratory of Hepatobiliary Diseases, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiongying Miao
- General Surgery Department, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, People's Republic of China.,Research Laboratory of Hepatobiliary Diseases, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, People's Republic of China
| | - Ziru Liu
- General Surgery Department, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, People's Republic of China.,Research Laboratory of Hepatobiliary Diseases, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, People's Republic of China
| | - Daiqiang Li
- Department of Pathology, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiong Zou
- Department of Pathology, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410013, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhulin Yang
- General Surgery Department, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, People's Republic of China. .,Research Laboratory of Hepatobiliary Diseases, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, People's Republic of China.
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37
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Yang J, Joshi S, Wang Q, Li P, Wang H, Xiong Y, Xiao Y, Wang J, Parker-Thornburg J, Behringer RR, Yu D. 14-3-3ζ loss leads to neonatal lethality by microRNA-126 downregulation-mediated developmental defects in lung vasculature. Cell Biosci 2017; 7:58. [PMID: 29118970 PMCID: PMC5667492 DOI: 10.1186/s13578-017-0186-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2017] [Accepted: 10/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The 14-3-3 family of proteins have been reported to play an important role in development in various mouse models, but the context specific developmental functions of 14-3-3ζ remain to be determined. In this study, we identified a context specific developmental function of 14-3-3ζ. Results Targeted deletion of 14-3-3ζ in the C57Bl/6J murine genetic background led to neonatal lethality due to respiratory distress and could be rescued by out-breeding to the CD-1 or backcrossing to the FVB/NJ congenic background. Histological analysis of lung sections from 18.5 days post coitum embryos (dpc) showed that 14-3-3ζ−/− lung development is arrested at the pseudoglandular stage and exhibits vascular defects. The expression of miR-126, an endothelial-specific miRNA known to regulate lung vascular integrity was down-regulated in the lungs of the 14-3-3ζ−/− embryos in the C57Bl/6J background as compared to their wild-type counterparts. Loss of 14-3-3ζ in endothelial cells inhibited the angiogenic capability of the endothelial cells as determined by both trans-well migration assays and tube formation assays and these defects could be rescued by re-expressing miR-126. Mechanistically, loss of 14-3-3ζ led to reduced Erk1/2 phosphorylation resulting in attenuated binding of the transcription factor Ets2 on the miR-126 promoter which ultimately reduced expression of miR-126. Conclusion Our data demonstrates that miR-126 is an important angiogenesis regulator that functions downstream of 14-3-3ζ and downregulation of miR-126 plays a critical role in 14-3-3ζ-loss induced defects in lung vasculature in the C57Bl/6J genetic background. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13578-017-0186-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Yang
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, Unit 108, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX 77030 USA.,University of Texas Health Science Center Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Cancer Biology Program, Houston, TX 77030 USA
| | - Sonali Joshi
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, Unit 108, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX 77030 USA
| | - Qingfei Wang
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, Unit 108, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX 77030 USA
| | - Ping Li
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, Unit 108, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX 77030 USA
| | - Hai Wang
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, Unit 108, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX 77030 USA
| | - Yan Xiong
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, Unit 108, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX 77030 USA
| | - Yi Xiao
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, Unit 108, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX 77030 USA
| | - Jinyang Wang
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, Unit 108, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX 77030 USA
| | - Jan Parker-Thornburg
- Department of Genetics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030 USA
| | - Richard R Behringer
- Department of Genetics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030 USA.,University of Texas Health Science Center Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Cancer Biology Program, Houston, TX 77030 USA
| | - Dihua Yu
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, Unit 108, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX 77030 USA.,University of Texas Health Science Center Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Cancer Biology Program, Houston, TX 77030 USA.,Center for Molecular Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, 40402 Taiwan
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Satoh M, Takano S, Sogawa K, Noda K, Yoshitomi H, Ishibashi M, Mogushi K, Takizawa H, Otsuka M, Shimizu H, Miyazaki M, Nomura F. Immune-complex level of cofilin-1 in sera is associated with cancer progression and poor prognosis in pancreatic cancer. Cancer Sci 2017; 108:795-803. [PMID: 28161904 PMCID: PMC5406537 DOI: 10.1111/cas.13181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2016] [Revised: 01/16/2017] [Accepted: 01/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is one of the most lethal malignancies. To improve its outcome, reliable biomarkers are urgently needed. In this study, we aimed to elucidate the key molecules involved in PDAC progression using proteomics approaches. First, we undertook 2‐D electrophoresis to identify the proteins overexpressed in PDAC tissues. Following the analysis of agarose gel spots, cofilin‐1 was identified and verified as a candidate protein commonly upregulated in PDAC tissues. In immunohistochemistry, cofilin‐1 was strongly expressed in the cytoplasm of PDAC cells. Samples were divided into two groups based on the level of cofilin‐1 expression. The high expression group showed significantly higher incidence of hematogenous dissemination in relapsed patients than the low expression group (P = 0.0083). In in vitro experiments, knockdown of cofilin‐1 significantly decreased chemotaxis in PDAC cell lines. After we confirmed that cofilin‐1 was secreted from PDAC cells, we established a detection system for the immune‐complex of cofilin‐1 in sera. Using this system, we measured the IC levels of cofilin‐1 in sera and observed that the IC levels of cofilin‐1 in PDAC patients were higher than those in healthy volunteers and patients with pancreatitis (PDAC vs. healthy volunteers, P < 0.0001; PDAC vs. patients with pancreatitis, P < 0.026). Notably, the IC levels of cofilin‐1 showed a stepwise increase during PDAC progression (P = 0.0034), and high IC levels of cofilin‐1 indicated poor prognosis of patients after surgery (P = 0.039). These results suggest that the IC of cofilin‐1 in sera is a potentially attractive serum biomarker for the prognosis of PDAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mamoru Satoh
- Division of Clinical Mass Spectrometry, Chiba University Hospital, Chiba, Japan.,Department of Molecular Diagnosis, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Shigetsugu Takano
- Department of General Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Kazuyuki Sogawa
- Department of Molecular Diagnosis, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan.,Department of Biochemistry, School of Life and Environmental Science, Azabu University, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Kenta Noda
- R&D Department, Nittobo Medical Co., Ltd., Koriyama, Japan
| | - Hideyuki Yoshitomi
- Department of General Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Masumi Ishibashi
- Department of Molecular Diagnosis, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Kaoru Mogushi
- Center for Genomic and Regenerative Medicine, Juntendo University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hirotaka Takizawa
- Kashiwado Clinic in Port-Square, Kashiwado Memorial Foundation, Chiba, Japan
| | - Masayuki Otsuka
- Department of General Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Shimizu
- Department of General Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Masaru Miyazaki
- Department of General Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Fumio Nomura
- Division of Clinical Mass Spectrometry, Chiba University Hospital, Chiba, Japan.,Department of Molecular Diagnosis, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
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Desoubeaux G, Piqueras MDC, Pantin A, Bhattacharya SK, Peschke R, Joachim A, Cray C. Application of mass spectrometry to elucidate the pathophysiology of Encephalitozoon cuniculi infection in rabbits. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0177961. [PMID: 28723944 PMCID: PMC5516978 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0177961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2017] [Accepted: 05/05/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Encephalitozoon cuniculi is a microsporidian species which can induce subclinical to serious disease in mammals including rabbits, a definitive natural host. The pathophysiology of infection has not been comprehensively elucidated. In this exploratory study, we utilized two mass spectrometry approaches: first, the analysis of the humoral response by profiling the microsporidian antigens as revealed by Western blot screening, and second, implementing the iTRAQ®-labeling protocol to focus on the changes within the host proteome during infection. Seven E. cuniculi proteins were identified at one-dimensional gel regions where specific seropositive reaction was observed by Western blot, including polar tube protein 3, polar tube protein 2, and for the first time reported: heat shock related 70kDa protein, polysaccharide deacetylase domain-containing protein, zinc finger protein, spore wall and anchoring disk complex protein EnP1, and translation elongation factor 1 alpha. In addition, there was a significant increase of nine host proteins in blood samples from E. cuniculi-diseased rabbits in comparison with non-diseased control subjects undergoing various inflammatory processes. This included serum paraoxonase, alpha-1-antiproteinase F precursor and alpha-1-antiproteinase S-1 which have presumptive catalytic activity likely related to infection control, and cystatin fetuin-B-type, an enzyme regulator that has been poorly studied to date. Notably, 11 proteins were found to be statistically increased in rabbits with neurological versus renal clinical presentation of E. cuniculi infection. Overall, this novel analysis based on mass spectrometry has provided new insights on the inflammatory and humoral responses during E. cuniculi infection in rabbits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guillaume Desoubeaux
- University of Miami - Miller School of Medicine, Division of Comparative Pathology, Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, Miami, Florida, United States of America
- CHU de Tours, Service de Parasitologie – Mycologie – Médecine tropicale, Tours, France
- Université François-Rabelais, Faculté de Médecine, CEPR - INSERM U1100 / Équipe 3, Tours, France
| | - Maria del Carmen Piqueras
- University of Miami, Mass Spectrometry Core Facility, Miller School of Medicin–, Miami, Florida, United States of America
| | - Ana Pantin
- University of Miami - Miller School of Medicine, Division of Comparative Pathology, Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, Miami, Florida, United States of America
| | - Sanjoy K. Bhattacharya
- University of Miami, Mass Spectrometry Core Facility, Miller School of Medicin–, Miami, Florida, United States of America
| | - Roman Peschke
- University of Veterinary Medicine, Institute of Parasitology, Department of Pathobiology, Vienna, Austria
| | - Anja Joachim
- University of Veterinary Medicine, Institute of Parasitology, Department of Pathobiology, Vienna, Austria
| | - Carolyn Cray
- University of Miami - Miller School of Medicine, Division of Comparative Pathology, Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, Miami, Florida, United States of America
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40
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Su S, Zeng X, Bai L, Wang Y, Zhang L, Li M, Wu C. Concurrent methylation and demethylation of arsenic by fungi and their differential expression in the protoplasm proteome. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2017; 225:620-627. [PMID: 28336093 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2017.03.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2016] [Revised: 03/04/2017] [Accepted: 03/11/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Microbial methylation and demethylation are central to arsenic's (As) biogeochemical cycling. Here, the transformations of monomethylarsonic acid (MMA(V)) (50 mg L-1) for 15 days in cells of As-methylating fungi, Fusarium oxysporum CZ-8F1, Penicillium janthinellum SM-12F4, and Trichoderma asperellum SM-12F1, were evaluated, and trace concentrations of As(III) and As(V) were observed in fungal cell extracts. Trace amounts of DMA(V) were also detected in MMA(V) and P. janthinellum SM-12F4 incubations. In situ X-ray absorption near edge structure (XANES) indicated that after exposure to MMA(V) (500 mg L-1) for 15 days, 28.6-48.6% of accumulated As in fungal cells was DMA(V), followed by 18.4-30.3% from As(V), 0-28.1% from As(III), and 4.8-28.9% from MMA(V). The concurrent methylation and demethylation of As occurs in fungal cells. Furthermore, a majority of proteins involved in metabolism, transport, ATP activity, biosynthesis, signal transduction, DNA activity, translation, and oxidative stress were upregulated in T. asperellum SM-12F1 cells after MMA(V) exposure compared to As(III), As(V), and DMA(V). The detoxification process of T. asperellum SM-12F1 was As species-specific. Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (R7YMH0) donation of a methyl group for S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) generation significantly increased following MMA(V) exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiming Su
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, PR China.
| | - Xibai Zeng
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, PR China.
| | - Lingyu Bai
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, PR China
| | - Yanan Wang
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, PR China
| | - Lili Zhang
- Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Mansheng Li
- Beijing Proteome Research Center, Beijing, PR China
| | - Cuixia Wu
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, PR China
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Lu D, Wang J, Shi X, Yue B, Hao J. AHNAK2 is a potential prognostic biomarker in patients with PDAC. Oncotarget 2017; 8:31775-31784. [PMID: 28423668 PMCID: PMC5458247 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.15990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2016] [Accepted: 02/21/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AHNAK nucleoprotein 2 (AHNAK2) belongs to the AHNAK protein family. The studies of AHNAK2 are limited. A recent study reported that AHNAK2 might be a biomarker for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC); however, tissue-based experiments have not been conducted. The aim of this study was to determine the tissue expression of AHNAK2 and to find the correlation between AHNAK2 and overall survival rate in PDAC. RESULTS AHNAK2 is highly expressed in PDAC (n=79) compared with adjacent normal tissues (n=64, P<0.001). Overexpression of AHNAK2 showed a significant relationship with a lower overall survival rate (P=0.033) in PDAC patients. The predictive value of increased expression of AHNAK2 remains relevant in patients with AJCC grade above II (n=43, P=0.006) or lymph node metastasis (n=32, P=0.004). Cox regression analysis showed that AHNAK2 expression (P=0.003) and pathology grade (P<0.001) are independent prognostic factors for PDAC. The nomogram model was performed to predict the 1- and 3-year survival rates based on Cox regression. The C-index was 0.61. The calibration curves were also made to show the association between the observed and predicted probability of the overall survival rates. MATERIALS AND METHODS AHNAK2 expression was performed in tissue microarrays by immunohistochemistry. The overall survival rate analysis was performed using the Kaplan-Meier method, Cox proportional hazards regression, and a nomogram model. CONCLUSIONS AHNAK2 is overexpressed in PDAC tissues and is an independent prognostic factor in patients with PDAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Lu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100020, China
| | - Junxiong Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100020, China
| | - Xiaoyan Shi
- Department of Pathology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Bing Yue
- Department of Pathology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Jianyu Hao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100020, China
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42
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Sun L, Xu D, Xu Q, Sun J, Xing L, Zhang L, Yang H. iTRAQ reveals proteomic changes during intestine regeneration in the sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus. COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY D-GENOMICS & PROTEOMICS 2017; 22:39-49. [PMID: 28189057 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbd.2017.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2016] [Revised: 01/25/2017] [Accepted: 02/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Sea cucumbers have a striking capacity to regenerate most of their viscera after evisceration, which has drawn the interest of many researchers. In this study, the isobaric tag for relative and absolute quantitation (iTRAQ) was utilized to investigate protein abundance changes during intestine regeneration in sea cucumbers. A total of 4073 proteins were identified, and 2321 proteins exhibited significantly differential expressions, with 1100 upregulated and 1221 downregulated proteins. Our results suggest that intestine regeneration constitutes a complex life activity regulated by the cooperation of various biological processes, including cytoskeletal changes, extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling and ECM-receptor interactions, protein synthesis, signal recognition and transduction, energy production and conversion, and substance transport and metabolism. Additionally, real-time PCR showed mRNA expression of differentially expressed genes correlated positively with their protein levels. Our results provided a basis for studying the regulatory mechanisms associated with sea cucumber regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lina Sun
- Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China
| | - Dongxue Xu
- Marine Science and Engineering College, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
| | - Qinzeng Xu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Science and Engineering, First Institute of Oceanography, State Oceanic Administration, Qingdao, China
| | - Jingchun Sun
- Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China
| | - Lili Xing
- Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Libin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China.
| | - Hongsheng Yang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China
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Iser IC, Pereira MB, Lenz G, Wink MR. The Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition-Like Process in Glioblastoma: An Updated Systematic Review and In Silico Investigation. Med Res Rev 2016; 37:271-313. [DOI: 10.1002/med.21408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2016] [Revised: 07/31/2016] [Accepted: 08/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Isabele C. Iser
- Departamento de Ciências Básicas da Saúde e Laboratório de Biologia Celular; Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre - UFCSPA; Porto Alegre RS Brazil
| | - Mariana B. Pereira
- Departamento de Biofísica e Centro de Biotecnologia; Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul; Porto Alegre Brazil
| | - Guido Lenz
- Departamento de Biofísica e Centro de Biotecnologia; Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul; Porto Alegre Brazil
| | - Márcia R. Wink
- Departamento de Ciências Básicas da Saúde e Laboratório de Biologia Celular; Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre - UFCSPA; Porto Alegre RS Brazil
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PPAR γ as a Novel Therapeutic Target in Lung Cancer. PPAR Res 2016; 2016:8972570. [PMID: 27698657 PMCID: PMC5028876 DOI: 10.1155/2016/8972570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2016] [Accepted: 08/07/2016] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related death, with more than half the patients having advanced-stage disease at the time of initial diagnosis and thus facing a poor prognosis. This dire situation poses a need for new approaches in prevention and treatment. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) is a ligand-activated transcription factor belonging to the nuclear hormone receptor superfamily. Its involvement in adipocyte differentiation and glucose and lipid homeostasis is well-recognized, but accumulating evidence now suggests that PPARγ may also function as a tumor suppressor, inhibiting development of primary tumors and metastases in lung cancer and other malignancies. Besides having prodifferentiation, antiproliferative, and proapoptotic effects, PPARγ agonists have been shown to prevent cancer cells from acquiring the migratory and invasive capabilities essential for successful metastasis. Angiogenesis and secretion of certain matrix metalloproteinases and extracellular matrix proteins within the tumor microenvironment are also regulated by PPARγ. This review of the current literature highlights the potential of PPARγ agonists as novel therapeutic modalities in lung cancer, either as monotherapy or in combination with standard cytotoxic chemotherapy.
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Chen W, Allen SG, Reka AK, Qian W, Han S, Zhao J, Bao L, Keshamouni VG, Merajver SD, Fu J. Nanoroughened adhesion-based capture of circulating tumor cells with heterogeneous expression and metastatic characteristics. BMC Cancer 2016; 16:614. [PMID: 27501846 PMCID: PMC4977622 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-016-2638-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2015] [Accepted: 07/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) have shown prognostic relevance in many cancer types. However, the majority of current CTC capture methods rely on positive selection techniques that require a priori knowledge about the surface protein expression of disseminated CTCs, which are known to be a dynamic population. METHODS We developed a microfluidic CTC capture chip that incorporated a nanoroughened glass substrate for capturing CTCs from blood samples. Our CTC capture chip utilized the differential adhesion preference of cancer cells to nanoroughened etched glass surfaces as compared to normal blood cells and thus did not depend on the physical size or surface protein expression of CTCs. RESULTS The microfluidic CTC capture chip was able to achieve a superior capture yield for both epithelial cell adhesion molecule positive (EpCAM+) and EpCAM- cancer cells in blood samples. Additionally, the microfluidic CTC chip captured CTCs undergoing transforming growth factor beta-induced epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (TGF-β-induced EMT) with dynamically down-regulated EpCAM expression. In a mouse model of human breast cancer using EpCAM positive and negative cell lines, the number of CTCs captured correlated positively with the size of the primary tumor and was independent of their EpCAM expression. Furthermore, in a syngeneic mouse model of lung cancer using cell lines with differential metastasis capability, CTCs were captured from all mice with detectable primary tumors independent of the cell lines' metastatic ability. CONCLUSIONS The microfluidic CTC capture chip using a novel nanoroughened glass substrate is broadly applicable to capturing heterogeneous CTC populations of clinical interest independent of their surface marker expression and metastatic propensity. We were able to capture CTCs from a non-metastatic lung cancer model, demonstrating the potential of the chip to collect the entirety of CTC populations including subgroups of distinct biological and phenotypical properties. Further exploration of the biological potential of metastatic and presumably non-metastatic CTCs captured using the microfluidic chip will yield insights into their relevant differences and their effects on tumor progression and cancer outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiqiang Chen
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, New York University, New York, NY 10012 USA
| | - Steven G. Allen
- Program in Cellular and Molecular Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA
- Medical Scientist Training Program, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA
| | - Ajaya Kumar Reka
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA
| | - Weiyi Qian
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, New York University, New York, NY 10012 USA
| | - Shuo Han
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA
| | - Jianing Zhao
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA
- School of Advanced Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191 China
| | - Liwei Bao
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA
| | - Venkateshwar G. Keshamouni
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA
- University of Michigan Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA
| | - Sofia D. Merajver
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA
- University of Michigan Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA
| | - Jianping Fu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA
- Michigan Center for Integrative Research in Critical Care, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA
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Cao B, Feng L, Lu D, Liu Y, Liu Y, Guo S, Han N, Liu X, Mao Y, He J, Cheng S, Gao Y, Zhang K. Prognostic value of molecular events from negative surgical margin of non-small-cell lung cancer. Oncotarget 2016; 8:53642-53653. [PMID: 28881838 PMCID: PMC5581137 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.10949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2016] [Accepted: 07/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
It is hypothesized that the molecular status in negative surgical margin (NSM) is associated with prognosis of cancer patients. In this study, the prognostic relevance of Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition (EMT) molecular events in NSMs in patients with NSCLC was investigated. EMT model was developed, in which the mesenchymal transition of human immortalized bronchial epithelial cell line was induced by TGF-beta1. Gene expression of EMT-induced cells and NSMs from 60 lung squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) patients was profiled by microarray and validated by quantitative RT-PCR. Two independent cohorts (lung SCC, n = 50; NSCLC, n = 54) were employed to validate the prognostic value of candidate genes. A set of 1490 genes were identified in EMT model in vitro. An EMT-like gene-expression pattern by 33 essential genes was optimized in NSMs, and was significantly associated with tumor progression. The 33 genes also exhibited a site-dependent field cancerization effect in the normal-appearing airways adjacent to NSCLCs. In the independent lung SCC cohort, the EMT-like active pattern indicated poor outcome of patients (n = 50, log-rank p = 0.009). Furthermore, in the NSCLC cohort, patients with EMT-like active pattern had shorter predictive survival time (n = 54, log-rank p = 0.02). In conclusion, the existence of EMT-like gene expression in NSMs, may play critical role in tumor progression and be a potential biomarker for prognosis in patients with NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bangrong Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Department of Etiology and Carcinogenesis, Cancer Institute & Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.,Department of Basic Research, Sichuan Cancer Hospital & Institute, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Lin Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Department of Etiology and Carcinogenesis, Cancer Institute & Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Dan Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Department of Etiology and Carcinogenesis, Cancer Institute & Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Department of Etiology and Carcinogenesis, Cancer Institute & Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Department of Etiology and Carcinogenesis, Cancer Institute & Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Suping Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Department of Etiology and Carcinogenesis, Cancer Institute & Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Naijun Han
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Department of Etiology and Carcinogenesis, Cancer Institute & Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiangyang Liu
- Department of Thoracic Surgical Oncology, Cancer Institute & Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yousheng Mao
- Department of Thoracic Surgical Oncology, Cancer Institute & Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jie He
- Department of Thoracic Surgical Oncology, Cancer Institute & Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Shujun Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Department of Etiology and Carcinogenesis, Cancer Institute & Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yanning Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Department of Etiology and Carcinogenesis, Cancer Institute & Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Kaitai Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Department of Etiology and Carcinogenesis, Cancer Institute & Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
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Maes E, Hadiwikarta WW, Mertens I, Baggerman G, Hooyberghs J, Valkenborg D. CONSTANd : A Normalization Method for Isobaric Labeled Spectra by Constrained Optimization. Mol Cell Proteomics 2016; 15:2779-90. [PMID: 27302888 DOI: 10.1074/mcp.m115.056911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2015] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
In quantitative proteomics applications, the use of isobaric labels is a very popular concept as they allow for multiplexing, such that peptides from multiple biological samples are quantified simultaneously in one mass spectrometry experiment. Although this multiplexing allows that peptide intensities are affected by the same amount of instrument variability, systematic effects during sample preparation can also introduce a bias in the quantitation measurements. Therefore, normalization methods are required to remove this systematic error. At present, a few dedicated normalization methods for isobaric labeled data are at hand. Most of these normalization methods include a framework for statistical data analysis and rely on ANOVA or linear mixed models. However, for swift quality control of the samples or data visualization a simple normalization technique is sufficient. To this aim, we present a new and easy-to-use data-driven normalization method, named CONSTANd. The CONSTANd method employs constrained optimization and prior information about the labeling strategy to normalize the peptide intensities. Further, it allows maintaining the connection to any biological effect while reducing the systematic and technical errors. As a result, peptides can not only be compared directly within a multiplexed experiment, but are also comparable between other isobaric labeled datasets from multiple experimental designs that are normalized by the CONSTANd method, without the need to include a reference sample in every experimental setup. The latter property is especially useful when more than six, eight or ten (TMT/iTRAQ) biological samples are required to detect differential peptides with sufficient statistical power and to optimally make use of the multiplexing capacity of isobaric labels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evelyne Maes
- From the: ‡Applied Bio & molecular Systems, VITO, Boeretang 200, 2400 Mol, Belgium; §Center for Proteomics, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020 Antwerp, Belgium
| | | | - Inge Mertens
- From the: ‡Applied Bio & molecular Systems, VITO, Boeretang 200, 2400 Mol, Belgium; §Center for Proteomics, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Geert Baggerman
- From the: ‡Applied Bio & molecular Systems, VITO, Boeretang 200, 2400 Mol, Belgium; §Center for Proteomics, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Jef Hooyberghs
- From the: ‡Applied Bio & molecular Systems, VITO, Boeretang 200, 2400 Mol, Belgium; ¶Theoretical Physics, Hasselt University, Agoralaan 1, 3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Dirk Valkenborg
- From the: ‡Applied Bio & molecular Systems, VITO, Boeretang 200, 2400 Mol, Belgium; §Center for Proteomics, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020 Antwerp, Belgium; ‖Center for Statistics, Hasselt University, Agoralaan 1, 3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium
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Chen WL, Barszczyk A, Turlova E, Deurloo M, Liu B, Yang BB, Rutka JT, Feng ZP, Sun HS. Inhibition of TRPM7 by carvacrol suppresses glioblastoma cell proliferation, migration and invasion. Oncotarget 2016; 6:16321-40. [PMID: 25965832 PMCID: PMC4599272 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.3872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2014] [Accepted: 04/02/2015] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioblastomas are progressive brain tumors with devastating proliferative and invasive characteristics. Ion channels are the second largest target class for drug development. In this study, we investigated the effects of the TRPM7 inhibitor carvacrol on the viability, resistance to apoptosis, migration, and invasiveness of the human U87 glioblastoma cell line. The expression levels of TRPM7 mRNA and protein in U87 cells were detected by RT-PCR, western blotting and immunofluorescence. TRPM7 currents were recorded using whole-cell patch-clamp techniques. An MTT assay was used to assess cell viability and proliferation. Wound healing and transwell experiments were used to evaluate cell migration and invasion. Protein levels of p-Akt/t-Akt, p-ERK1/2/t-ERK1/2, cleaved caspase-3, MMP-2 and phosphorylated cofilin were also detected. TRPM7 mRNA and protein expression in U87 cells is higher than in normal human astrocytes. Whole-cell patch-clamp recording showed that carvacrol blocks recombinant TRPM7 current in HEK293 cells and endogenous TRPM7-like current in U87 cells. Carvacrol treatment reduced the viability, migration and invasion of U87 cells. Carvacrol also decreased MMP-2 protein expression and promoted the phosphorylation of cofilin. Furthermore, carvacrol inhibited the Ras/MEK/MAPK and PI3K/Akt signaling pathways. Therefore, carvacrol may have therapeutic potential for the treatment of glioblastomas through its inhibition of TRPM7 channels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Liang Chen
- Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.,Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Andrew Barszczyk
- Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Ekaterina Turlova
- Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.,Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Marielle Deurloo
- Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Baosong Liu
- Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.,Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Burton B Yang
- Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - James T Rutka
- Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Zhong-Ping Feng
- Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Hong-Shuo Sun
- Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.,Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.,Department of Pharmacology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.,Institute of Medical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
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Xiao D, Barry S, Kmetz D, Egger M, Pan J, Rai SN, Qu J, McMasters KM, Hao H. Melanoma cell-derived exosomes promote epithelial-mesenchymal transition in primary melanocytes through paracrine/autocrine signaling in the tumor microenvironment. Cancer Lett 2016; 376:318-27. [PMID: 27063098 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2016.03.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 134] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2016] [Revised: 03/25/2016] [Accepted: 03/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The tumor microenvironment is abundant with exosomes that are secreted by the cancer cells themselves. Exosomes are nanosized, organelle-like membranous structures that are increasingly being recognized as major contributors in the progression of malignant neoplasms. A critical element in melanoma progression is its propensity to metastasize, but little is known about how melanoma cell-derived exosomes modulate the microenvironment to optimize conditions for tumor progression and metastasis. Here, we provide evidence that melanoma cell-derived exosomes promote phenotype switching in primary melanocytes through paracrine/autocrine signaling. We found that the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway was activated during the exosome-mediated epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT)-resembling process, which promotes metastasis. Let-7i, an miRNA modulator of EMT, was also involved in this process. We further defined two other miRNA modulators of EMT (miR-191 and let-7a) in serum exosomes for differentiating stage I melanoma patients from non-melanoma subjects. These results provide the first strong molecular evidence that melanoma cell-derived exosomes promote the EMT-resembling process in the tumor microenvironment. Thus, novel strategies targeting EMT and modulating the tumor microenvironment may emerge as important approaches for the treatment of metastatic melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deyi Xiao
- The Hiram C. Polk, Jr., MD Department of Surgery, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Kosair Charities Clinical & Translational Research Building, 505 S. Hancock St, Room 407, Louisville, KY 40292, USA
| | - Samantha Barry
- The Hiram C. Polk, Jr., MD Department of Surgery, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Kosair Charities Clinical & Translational Research Building, 505 S. Hancock St, Room 407, Louisville, KY 40292, USA
| | - Daniel Kmetz
- The Hiram C. Polk, Jr., MD Department of Surgery, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Kosair Charities Clinical & Translational Research Building, 505 S. Hancock St, Room 407, Louisville, KY 40292, USA
| | - Michael Egger
- The Hiram C. Polk, Jr., MD Department of Surgery, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Kosair Charities Clinical & Translational Research Building, 505 S. Hancock St, Room 407, Louisville, KY 40292, USA
| | - Jianmin Pan
- Biostatistics Shared Facility, James Graham Brown Cancer Center, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY 40292, USA
| | - Shesh N Rai
- Biostatistics Shared Facility, James Graham Brown Cancer Center, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY 40292, USA
| | - Jifu Qu
- The Hiram C. Polk, Jr., MD Department of Surgery, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Kosair Charities Clinical & Translational Research Building, 505 S. Hancock St, Room 407, Louisville, KY 40292, USA
| | - Kelly M McMasters
- The Hiram C. Polk, Jr., MD Department of Surgery, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Kosair Charities Clinical & Translational Research Building, 505 S. Hancock St, Room 407, Louisville, KY 40292, USA.
| | - Hongying Hao
- The Hiram C. Polk, Jr., MD Department of Surgery, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Kosair Charities Clinical & Translational Research Building, 505 S. Hancock St, Room 407, Louisville, KY 40292, USA.
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Comparative proteomics analysis of apoptotic Spodoptera frugiperda cells during p35 knockout Autographa californica multiple nucleopolyhedrovirus infection. COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY D-GENOMICS & PROTEOMICS 2016; 18:21-9. [PMID: 26922645 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbd.2016.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2015] [Revised: 01/29/2016] [Accepted: 01/31/2016] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Infection with Autographa californica multiple nucleopolyhedrovirus (AcMNPV) mutants lacking a functional p35 gene can induce host cell apoptosis, which provides the possibility to use the potential of these viruses in the biological control of pest insects. Nonetheless, the proteomics or the protein changes of Spodoptera frugiperda (Sf9) cells infected with p35 knockout AcMNPV have not yet been studied. To further improve the use of AcMNPV, we set out to analyze the protein composition and protein changes of Sf9 cells of different infection stages by isobaric tag for relative and absolute quantification (iTRAQ) techniques. A total of 4004 sf9 proteins were identified by iTRAQ. After comparation of the significantly expressed 483 proteins from p35koAcMNPV-infected Sf9 cells and the significantly expressed 413 proteins from wtAcMNPV-infected Sf9 cells, we found that 226 proteins were specific to p35koAcMNPV-infected Sf9 cells. The 226 proteins were categorized according to GO classification for insects and were categorized into: biological processes, molecular functions and cellular components. Of interest, the most up-regulated proteins related to Epstein-Barr virus infection, RNA transport, Calcium signaling pathway, cGMP-PKG signaling pathway, oxidative phosphorylation and N-Glycan biosynthesis. Determination of the protein changes in p35 knockout AcMNPV-infected Sf9 cells would facilitate the better use of this virus-host cell interaction in pest insect control and other related fields.
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