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Abstract
Wildfire smoke (WFS) is a mixture of respirable particulate matter, environmental gases, and other hazardous pollutants that originate from the unplanned burning of arid vegetation during wildfires. The increasing size and frequency of recent wildfires has escalated public and occupational health concerns regarding WFS inhalation, by either individuals living nearby and downstream an active fire or wildland firefighters and other workers that face unavoidable exposure because of their profession. In this review, we first synthesize current evidence from environmental, controlled, and interventional human exposure studies, to highlight positive associations between WFS inhalation and cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Motivated by these findings, we discuss preventative measures and suggest interventions to mitigate the cardiovascular impact of wildfires. We then review animal and cell exposure studies to call attention on the pathophysiological processes that support the deterioration of cardiovascular tissues and organs in response to WFS inhalation. Acknowledging the challenges of integrating evidence across independent sources, we contextualize laboratory-scale exposure approaches according to the biological processes that they model and offer suggestions for ensuring relevance to the human condition. Noting that wildfires are significant contributors to ambient air pollution, we compare the biological responses triggered by WFS to those of other harmful pollutants. We also review evidence for how WFS inhalation may trigger mechanisms that have been proposed as mediators of adverse cardiovascular effects upon exposure to air pollution. We finally conclude by highlighting research areas that demand further consideration. Overall, we aspire for this work to serve as a catalyst for regulatory initiatives to mitigate the adverse cardiovascular effects of WFS inhalation in the community and alleviate the occupational risk in wildland firefighters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victoria A Williams
- Department of Bioengineering, Northeastern University, Boston, MA (V.A.W., C.T.Y., N.A.M., J.M.O., C.B.)
| | - Luke R Perreault
- Department of Engineering, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, MA (L.R.P.)
| | - Charbel T Yazbeck
- Department of Bioengineering, Northeastern University, Boston, MA (V.A.W., C.T.Y., N.A.M., J.M.O., C.B.)
| | - Nicholas A Micovic
- Department of Bioengineering, Northeastern University, Boston, MA (V.A.W., C.T.Y., N.A.M., J.M.O., C.B.)
| | - Jessica M Oakes
- Department of Bioengineering, Northeastern University, Boston, MA (V.A.W., C.T.Y., N.A.M., J.M.O., C.B.)
| | - Chiara Bellini
- Department of Bioengineering, Northeastern University, Boston, MA (V.A.W., C.T.Y., N.A.M., J.M.O., C.B.)
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Poniedziałek B, Rzymski P, Zarębska-Michaluk D, Rogalska M, Rorat M, Czupryna P, Kozielewicz D, Hawro M, Kowalska J, Jaroszewicz J, Sikorska K, Flisiak R. Short-term exposure to ambient air pollution and COVID-19 severity during SARS-CoV-2 Delta and Omicron waves: A multicenter study. J Med Virol 2023; 95:e28962. [PMID: 37466326 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.28962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2023] [Revised: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2023]
Abstract
Air pollution may affect the clinical course of respiratory diseases, including COVID-19. This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between exposure of adult patients to mean 24 h levels of particulate matter sized <10 μm (PM10 ) and <2.5 μm (PM2.5 ) and benzo(a)pyrene (B(a)P) during a week before their hospitalization due to SARS-CoV-2 infection and symptomatology, hyperinflammation, coagulopathy, the clinical course of disease, and outcome. The analyses were conducted during two pandemic waves: (i) dominated by highly pathogenic Delta variant (n = 1440) and (ii) clinically less-severe Omicron (n = 785), while the analyzed associations were adjusted for patient's age, BMI, gender, and comorbidities. The exposure to mean 24 h B(a)P exceeding the limits was associated with increased odds of fever and fatigue as early COVID-19 symptoms, hyperinflammation due to serum C-reactive protein >200 mg/L and interleukin-6 >100 pg/mL, coagulopathy due to d-dimer >2 mg/L and fatal outcome. Elevated PM10 and PM2. 5 levels were associated with higher odds of respiratory symptoms, procalcitonin >0.25 ng/mL and interleukin >100 pg/mL, lower oxygen saturation, need for oxygen support, and death. The significant relationships between exposure to air pollutants and the course and outcomes of COVID-19 were observed during both pandemic waves. Short-term exposure to elevated PM and B(a)P levels can be associated with a worse clinical course of COVID-19 in patients requiring hospitalization and, ultimately, contribute to the health burden caused by SARS-CoV-2 variants of higher and lower clinical significance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Poniedziałek
- Department of Environmental Medicine, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznań, Poland
| | - Piotr Rzymski
- Department of Environmental Medicine, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznań, Poland
- Integrated Science Association (ISA), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Poznań, Poland
| | | | - Magdalena Rogalska
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Hepatology, Medical University of Białystok, Białystok, Poland
| | - Marta Rorat
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Wrocław Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Piotr Czupryna
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Neuroinfections, Medical University of Białystok, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Dorota Kozielewicz
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Hepatology, Faculty of Medicine, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Toruń, Poland
| | - Marcin Hawro
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Hepatology, Medical Center in Łańcut, Łańcut, Poland
| | - Justyna Kowalska
- Department of Adult's Infectious Diseases, Hospital for Infectious Diseases, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Jerzy Jaroszewicz
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Hepatology, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Bytom, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Sikorska
- Division of Tropical Medicine and Epidemiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland
- Division of Tropical and Parasitic Diseases, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Robert Flisiak
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Hepatology, Medical University of Białystok, Białystok, Poland
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Memon TA, Sun L, Almestica-Roberts M, Deering-Rice CE, Moos PJ, Reilly CA. Inhibition of TRPA1, Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress, Human Airway Epithelial Cell Damage, and Ectopic MUC5AC Expression by Vasaka ( Adhatoda vasica; Malabar Nut) Tea. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:890. [PMID: 37375837 DOI: 10.3390/ph16060890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Revised: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
This study tested whether a medicinal plant, Vasaka, typically consumed as a tea to treat respiratory malaise, could protect airway epithelial cells (AECs) from wood smoke particle-induced damage and prevent pathological mucus production. Wood/biomass smoke is a pneumotoxic air pollutant. Mucus normally protects the airways, but excessive production can obstruct airflow and cause respiratory distress. Vasaka tea pre- and co-treatment dose-dependently inhibited mucin 5AC (MUC5AC) mRNA induction by AECs treated with wood smoke particles. This correlated with transient receptor potential ankyrin-1 (TRPA1) inhibition, an attenuation of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, and AEC damage/death. Induction of mRNA for anterior gradient 2, an ER chaperone/disulfide isomerase required for MUC5AC production, and TRP vanilloid-3, a gene that suppresses ER stress and wood smoke particle-induced cell death, was also attenuated. Variable inhibition of TRPA1, ER stress, and MUC5AC mRNA induction was observed using selected chemicals identified in Vasaka tea including vasicine, vasicinone, apigenin, vitexin, isovitexin, isoorientin, 9-oxoODE, and 9,10-EpOME. Apigenin and 9,10-EpOME were the most cytoprotective and mucosuppressive. Cytochrome P450 1A1 (CYP1A1) mRNA was also induced by Vasaka tea and wood smoke particles. Inhibition of CYP1A1 enhanced ER stress and MUC5AC mRNA expression, suggesting a possible role in producing protective oxylipins in stressed cells. The results provide mechanistic insights and support for the purported benefits of Vasaka tea in treating lung inflammatory conditions, raising the possibility of further development as a preventative and/or restorative therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tosifa A Memon
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, University of Utah Health, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Lili Sun
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, University of Utah Health, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Marysol Almestica-Roberts
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, University of Utah Health, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Cassandra E Deering-Rice
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, University of Utah Health, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
- Center for Human Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, University of Utah Health, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Philip J Moos
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, University of Utah Health, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Christopher A Reilly
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, University of Utah Health, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
- Center for Human Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, University of Utah Health, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
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Nemes B, László S, Zsidó BZ, Hetényi C, Feher A, Papp F, Varga Z, Szőke É, Sándor Z, Pintér E. Elucidation of the binding mode of organic polysulfides on the human TRPA1 receptor. Front Physiol 2023; 14:1180896. [PMID: 37351262 PMCID: PMC10282659 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1180896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Previous studies have established that endogenous inorganic polysulfides have significant biological actions activating the Transient Receptor Potential Ankyrin 1 (TRPA1) receptor. Organic polysulfides exert similar effects, but they are much more stable molecules, therefore these compounds are more suitable as drugs. In this study, we aimed to better understand the mechanism of action of organic polysulfides by identification of their binding site on the TRPA1 receptor. Methods: Polysulfides can readily interact with the thiol side chain of the cysteine residues of the protein. To investigate their role in the TRPA1 activation, we replaced several cysteine residues by alanine via site-directed mutagenesis. We searched for TRPA1 mutant variants with decreased or lost activating effect of the polysulfides, but with other functions remaining intact (such as the effects of non-electrophilic agonists and antagonists). The binding properties of the mutant receptors were analyzed by in silico molecular docking. Functional changes were tested by in vitro methods: calcium sensitive fluorescent flow cytometry, whole-cell patch-clamp and radioactive calcium-45 liquid scintillation counting. Results: The cysteines forming the conventional binding site of electrophilic agonists, namely C621, C641 and C665 also bind the organic polysulfides, with the key role of C621. However, only their combined mutation abolished completely the organic polysulfide-induced activation of the receptor. Discussion: Since previous papers provided evidence that organic polysulfides exert analgesic and anti-inflammatory actions in different in vivo animal models, we anticipate that the development of TRPA1-targeted, organic polysulfide-based drugs will be promoted by this identification of the binding site.
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Affiliation(s)
- Balázs Nemes
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Szabolcs László
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Technology and Biotechnology, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Balázs Zoltán Zsidó
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Csaba Hetényi
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Adam Feher
- Department of Biophysics and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Ferenc Papp
- Department of Biophysics and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Zoltan Varga
- Department of Biophysics and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Éva Szőke
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Zoltán Sándor
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Erika Pintér
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
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Rapp E, Lu Z, Sun L, Serna SN, Almestica-Roberts M, Burrell KL, Nguyen ND, Deering-Rice CE, Reilly CA. Mechanisms and Consequences of Variable TRPA1 Expression by Airway Epithelial Cells: Effects of TRPV1 Genotype and Environmental Agonists on Cellular Responses to Pollutants in Vitro and Asthma. ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES 2023; 131:27009. [PMID: 36847817 PMCID: PMC9969990 DOI: 10.1289/ehp11076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Revised: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Transient receptor potential ankyrin-1 [transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily A member 1 (TRPA1)] and vanilloid-1 [transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily V member 1 (TRPV1)] detect inhaled irritants, including air pollutants and have roles in the development and exacerbation of asthma. OBJECTIVES This study tested the hypothesis that increased expression of TRPA1, stemming from expression of the loss-of-function TRPV1 (I585V; rs8065080) polymorphic variant by airway epithelial cells may explain prior observations of worse asthma symptom control among children with the TRPV1 I585I/V genotype, by virtue of sensitizing epithelial cells to particulate materials and other TRPA1 agonists. METHODS TRP agonists, antagonists, small interfering RNA (siRNA), a nuclear factor kappa light chain enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB) pathway inhibitor, and kinase activators and inhibitors were used to modulate TRPA1 and TRPV1 expression and function. Treatment of genotyped airway epithelial cells with particulate materials and analysis of asthma control data were used to assess consequences of TRPV1 genotype and variable TRPA1 expression on cellular responses in vitro and asthma symptom control among children as a function of voluntarily reported tobacco smoke exposure. RESULTS A relationship between higher TRPA1 expression and function and lower TRPV1 expression and function was revealed. Findings of this study pointed to a mechanism whereby NF-κB promoted TRPA1 expression, whereas NF-κB-regulated nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain, leucine rich repeat and pyrin domain containing 2 (NLRP2) limited expression. Roles for protein kinase C and p38 mitogen activated protein kinase were also demonstrated. Finally, the TRPV1 I585I/V genotype was associated with increased TRPA1 expression by primary airway epithelial cells and amplified responses to selected air pollution particles in vitro. However, the TRPV1 I585I/V genotype was not associated with worse asthma symptom control among children exposed to tobacco smoke, whereas other TRPA1 and TRPV1 variants were. DISCUSSION This study provides insights on how airway epithelial cells regulate TRPA1 expression, how TRPV1 genetics can affect TRPA1 expression, and that TRPA1 and TRPV1 polymorphisms differentially affect asthma symptom control. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP11076.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuel Rapp
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Center for Human Toxicology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Zhenyu Lu
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Center for Human Toxicology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Lili Sun
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Center for Human Toxicology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Samantha N. Serna
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Center for Human Toxicology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Marysol Almestica-Roberts
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Center for Human Toxicology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Katherine L. Burrell
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Center for Human Toxicology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Nam D. Nguyen
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Center for Human Toxicology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Cassandra E. Deering-Rice
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Center for Human Toxicology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Christopher A. Reilly
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Center for Human Toxicology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
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Mechanisms of Lung Damage and Development of COPD Due to Household Biomass-Smoke Exposure: Inflammation, Oxidative Stress, MicroRNAs, and Gene Polymorphisms. Cells 2022; 12:cells12010067. [PMID: 36611860 PMCID: PMC9818405 DOI: 10.3390/cells12010067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Revised: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic exposure to indoor biomass smoke from the combustion of solid organic fuels is a major cause of disease burden worldwide. Almost 3 billion people use solid fuels such as wood, charcoal, and crop residues for indoor cooking and heating, accounting for approximately 50% of all households and 90% of rural households globally. Biomass smoke contains many hazardous pollutants, resulting in household air pollution (HAP) exposure that often exceeds international standards. Long-term biomass-smoke exposure is associated with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) in adults, a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, chronic bronchitis, and other lung conditions. Biomass smoke-associated COPD differs from the best-known cigarette smoke-induced COPD in several aspects, such as a slower decline in lung function, greater airway involvement, and less emphysema, which suggests a different phenotype and pathophysiology. Despite the high burden of biomass-associated COPD, the molecular, genetic, and epigenetic mechanisms underlying its pathogenesis are poorly understood. This review describes the pathogenic mechanisms potentially involved in lung damage, the development of COPD associated with wood-derived smoke exposure, and the influence of genetic and epigenetic factors on the development of this disease.
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Milici A, Sanchez A, Talavera K. Silica Nanoparticles Inhibit Responses to ATP in Human Airway Epithelial 16HBE Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:10173. [PMID: 34576336 PMCID: PMC8467126 DOI: 10.3390/ijms221810173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Accepted: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Because of their low cost and easy production, silica nanoparticles (SiNPs) are widely used in multiple manufacturing applications as anti-caking, densifying and hydrophobic agents. However, this has increased the exposure levels of the general population and has raised concerns about the toxicity of this nanomaterial. SiNPs affect the function of the airway epithelium, but the biochemical pathways targeted by these particles remain largely unknown. Here we investigated the effects of SiNPs on the responses of 16HBE14o- cultured human bronchial epithelial (16HBE) cells to the damage-associated molecular pattern ATP, using fluorometric measurements of intracellular Ca2+ concentration. Upon stimulation with extracellular ATP, these cells displayed a concentration-dependent increase in intracellular Ca2+, which was mediated by release from intracellular stores. SiNPs inhibited the Ca2+ responses to ATP within minutes of application and at low micromolar concentrations, which are significantly faster and more potent than those previously reported for the induction of cellular toxicity and pro-inflammatory responses. SiNPs-induced inhibition is independent from the increase in intracellular Ca2+ they produce, is largely irreversible and occurs via a non-competitive mechanism. These findings suggest that SiNPs reduce the ability of airway epithelial cells to mount ATP-dependent protective responses.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Karel Talavera
- Laboratory of Ion Channel Research, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, VIB Center for Brain & Disease Research, Herestraat 49, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; (A.M.); (A.S.)
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Burrell KL, Nguyen ND, Deering-Rice CE, Memon TA, Almestica-Roberts M, Rapp E, Serna SN, Lamb JG, Reilly CA. Dynamic Expression of Transient Receptor Potential Vanilloid-3 and Integrated Signaling with Growth Factor Pathways during Lung Epithelial Wound Repair following Wood Smoke Particle and Other Forms of Lung Cell Injury. Mol Pharmacol 2021; 100:295-307. [PMID: 34290137 PMCID: PMC11037451 DOI: 10.1124/molpharm.121.000280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2021] [Accepted: 06/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Prior studies revealed increased expression of the transient receptor potential vanilloid-3 (TRPV3) ion channel after wood smoke particulate matter (WSPM) treatment of human bronchial epithelial cells (HBECs). TRPV3 attenuated pathologic endoplasmic reticulum stress and cytotoxicity mediated by transient receptor potential ankyrin-1. Here, the basis for how TRPV3 expression is regulated by cell injury and the effects this has on HBEC physiology and WSPM-induced airway remodeling in mice was investigated. TRPV3 mRNA was rapidly increased in HBECs treated with WSPM and after monolayer damage caused by tryptic disruption, scratch wounding, and cell passaging. TRPV3 mRNA abundance varied with time, and stimulated expression occurred independent of new protein synthesis. Overexpression of TRPV3 in HBECs reduced cell migration and wound repair while enhancing cell adhesion. This phenotype correlated with disrupted mRNA expression of ligands of the epidermal growth factor, tumor growth factor-β, and frizzled receptors. Accordingly, delayed wound repair by TRPV3 overexpressing cells was reversed by growth factor supplementation. In normal HBECs, TRPV3 upregulation was triggered by exogenous growth factor supplementation and was attenuated by inhibitors of growth factor receptor signaling. In mice, subacute oropharyngeal instillation with WSPM also promoted TRPV3 mRNA expression and epithelial remodeling, which was attenuated by TRPV3 antagonist pre- and cotreatment. This latter effect may be the consequence of antagonist-induced TRPV3 expression. These findings provide insights into the roles of TRPV3 in lung epithelial cells under basal and dynamic states, as well as highlight potential roles for TRPV3 ligands in modulating epithelial damage/repair. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: Coordinated epithelial repair is essential for the maintenance of the airways, with deficiencies and exaggerated repair associated with adverse consequences to respiratory health. This study shows that TRPV3, an ion channel, is involved in coordinating repair through integrated repair signaling pathways, wherein TRPV3 expression is upregulated immediately after injury and returns to basal levels as cells complete the repair process. TRPV3 may be a novel target for understanding and/or treating conditions in which airway/lung epithelial repair is not properly orchestrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine L Burrell
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Center for Human Toxicology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Nam D Nguyen
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Center for Human Toxicology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Cassandra E Deering-Rice
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Center for Human Toxicology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Tosifa A Memon
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Center for Human Toxicology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Marysol Almestica-Roberts
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Center for Human Toxicology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Emmanuel Rapp
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Center for Human Toxicology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Samantha N Serna
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Center for Human Toxicology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - John G Lamb
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Center for Human Toxicology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Christopher A Reilly
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Center for Human Toxicology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
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Thermosensory Transient Receptor Potential Ion Channels and Asthma. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9070816. [PMID: 34356881 PMCID: PMC8301310 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9070816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Revised: 07/09/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Asthma is a widespread chronic disease of the bronchopulmonary system with a heterogeneous course due to the complex etiopathogenesis. Natural-climatic and anthropogenic factors play an important role in the development and progression of this pathology. The reception of physical and chemical environmental stimuli and the regulation of body temperature are mediated by thermosensory channels, members of a subfamily of transient receptor potential (TRP) ion channels. It has been found that genes encoding vanilloid, ankyrin, and melastatin TRP channels are involved in the development of some asthma phenotypes and in the formation of exacerbations of this pathology. The review summarizes modern views on the role of high and low temperatures in airway inflammation in asthma. The participation of thermosensory TRP channels (vanilloid, ankyrin, and melastatin TRP channels) in the reaction to high and low temperatures and air humidity as well as in the formation of bronchial hyperreactivity and respiratory symptoms accompanying asthma is described. The genetic aspects of the functioning of thermosensory TRP channels are discussed. It is shown that new methods of treatment of asthma exacerbations caused by the influence of temperature and humidity should be based on the regulation of channel activity.
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Memon TA, Nguyen ND, Burrell KL, Scott AF, Almestica-Roberts M, Rapp E, Deering-Rice CE, Reilly CA. Wood Smoke Particles Stimulate MUC5AC Overproduction by Human Bronchial Epithelial Cells Through TRPA1 and EGFR Signaling. Toxicol Sci 2021; 174:278-290. [PMID: 31944254 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfaa006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Mucus hypersecretion is a pathological feature of acute inflammatory and chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases. Exposure to air pollutants can be a cause of pathological mucus overproduction, but mechanisms by which different forms of air pollutants elicit this response are not fully understood. In this study, particulate matter (PM) generated from burning pine wood and other types of biomass was used to determine mechanisms by which these forms of PM stimulate mucin gene expression and secretion by primary human bronchial epithelial cells (HBECs). Biomass PM < 2.5 μm generated from pine wood and several other fuels stimulated the expression and secretion of the gel-forming glycoprotein MUC5AC by HBECs. Muc5ac gene induction was also observed in mouse airways following subacute oropharyngeal delivery of pine wood smoke PM. In HBECs, MUC5AC was also induced by the transient receptor potential ankyrin-1 (TRPA1) agonists' coniferaldehyde, a component of pine smoke PM, and allyl isothiocyanate, and was attenuated by a TRPA1 antagonist. Additionally, inhibition of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR/ErbB1) and the EGFR signaling partners p38 MAPK and GSK3β also prevented MUC5AC overexpression. Collectively, our results suggest that activation of TRPA1 and EGFR, paired with alterations to p38 MAPK and GSK3β activity, plays a major role in MUC5AC overproduction by bronchial epithelial cells exposed to biomass smoke PM. These results reveal specific processes for how biomass smoke PM may impact the human respiratory system and highlight potential avenues for therapeutic manipulation of lung diseases that are affected by air pollutants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tosifa A Memon
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Center for Human Toxicology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Nam D Nguyen
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Center for Human Toxicology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Katherine L Burrell
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Center for Human Toxicology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Abigail F Scott
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Center for Human Toxicology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Marysol Almestica-Roberts
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Center for Human Toxicology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Emmanuel Rapp
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Center for Human Toxicology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Cassandra E Deering-Rice
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Center for Human Toxicology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Christopher A Reilly
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Center for Human Toxicology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
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Jean EE, Good O, Rico JMI, Rossi HL, Herbert DR. Neuroimmune regulatory networks of the airway mucosa in allergic inflammatory disease. J Leukoc Biol 2021; 111:209-221. [PMID: 33857344 PMCID: PMC8674821 DOI: 10.1002/jlb.3ru0121-023r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2021] [Revised: 03/16/2021] [Accepted: 03/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Communication between the nervous and immune systems serves a key role in host‐protective immunity at mucosal barrier sites including the respiratory tract. In these tissues, neuroimmune interactions operate in bidirectional circuits that can sense and respond to mechanical, chemical, and biologic stimuli. Allergen‐ or helminth‐induced products can produce airway inflammation by direct action on nociceptive afferents and adjacent tissues. The activity of nociceptive afferents can regulate innate and adaptive immune responses via neuropeptides and neurotransmitter signaling. This review will summarize recent work investigating the role of neuropeptides CGRP, VIP, neuromedins, substance P, and neurotransmitters dopamine and the B2‐adrenoceptor agonists epinepherine/norepinepherine, each of which influence type 2 immunity by instructing mast cell, innate lymphoid cell type 2, dendritic cell, and T cell responses, both in the airway and the draining lymph node. Afferents in the airway also contain receptors for alarmins and cytokines, allowing their activity to be modulated by immune cell secreted products, particularly those secreted by mast cells. Taken together, we propose that further investigation of how immunoregulatory neuropeptides shape respiratory inflammation in experimental systems may reveal novel therapeutic targets for addressing the increasing prevalence of chronic airway disease in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Evonne Jean
- Department of Pathobiology, University of Pennsylvania School of Veterinary Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Olivia Good
- Department of Pathobiology, University of Pennsylvania School of Veterinary Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Juan M Inclan Rico
- Department of Pathobiology, University of Pennsylvania School of Veterinary Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Heather L Rossi
- Department of Pathobiology, University of Pennsylvania School of Veterinary Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - De'Broski R Herbert
- Department of Pathobiology, University of Pennsylvania School of Veterinary Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
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12
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Gu Q, Lee LY. TRP channels in airway sensory nerves. Neurosci Lett 2021; 748:135719. [PMID: 33587987 PMCID: PMC7988689 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2021.135719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2020] [Revised: 02/01/2021] [Accepted: 02/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Transient Receptor Potential (TRP) channels expressed in specific subsets of airway sensory nerves function as transducers and integrators of a diverse range of sensory inputs including chemical, mechanical and thermal signals. These TRP sensors can detect inhaled irritants as well as endogenously released chemical substances. They play an important role in generating the afferent activity carried by these sensory nerves and regulating the centrally mediated pulmonary defense reflexes. Increasing evidence reported in recent investigations has revealed important involvements of several TRP channels (TRPA1, TRPV1, TRPV4 and TRPM8) in the manifestation of various symptoms and pathogenesis of certain acute and chronic airway diseases. This mini-review focuses primarily on these recent findings of the responses of these TRP sensors to the biological stresses emerging under the pathophysiological conditions of the lung and airways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qihai Gu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Mercer University School of Medicine, 1501 Mercer University Drive, Macon, GA, 31207, USA.
| | - Lu-Yuan Lee
- Department of Physiology, University of Kentucky Medical Center, 800 Rose Street, Lexington, KY, 40536-0298, USA.
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13
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Goodman KE, Hare JT, Khamis ZI, Hua T, Sang QXA. Exposure of Human Lung Cells to Polystyrene Microplastics Significantly Retards Cell Proliferation and Triggers Morphological Changes. Chem Res Toxicol 2021; 34:1069-1081. [PMID: 33720697 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.0c00486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Microplastics in the environment produced by decomposition of globally increasing waste plastics have become a dominant component of both water and air pollution. To examine the potential toxicological effects of microplastics on human cells, the cultured human alveolar A549 cells were exposed to polystyrene microplastics (PS-MPs) of 1 and 10 μm diameter as a model of the environmental contaminants. Both sizes caused a significant reduction in cell proliferation but exhibited little cytotoxicity, as measured by the maintenance of cell viabilities determined by trypan blue staining and by Calcein-AM staining. The cell viabilities did not drop below 93% even at concentrations of PS-MPs as high as 100 μg/mL. Despite these high viabilities, further assays revealed a population level decrease in metabolic activity parallel in time with a dramatic decrease in proliferation rate in PS-MP exposed cells. Furthermore, phase contrast imaging of live cells at 72 h revealed major changes in the morphology of cells exposed to microplastics, as well as the uptake of multiple 1 μm PS-MPs into the cells. Confocal fluorescent microscopy at 24 h of exposure confirmed the incorporation of 1 μm PS-MPs. These disturbances at the proliferative and cytoskeletal levels of human cells lead us to propose that airborne polystyrene microplastics may have toxicologic consequences. This is the first report of exposure of human cells to an environmental contaminant resulting in the dual effects of inhibition of cell proliferation and major changes in cell morphology. Our results make clear that human exposure to microplastic pollution has significant consequence and potential for harm to humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kerestin E Goodman
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, United States
| | - Joan T Hare
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, United States
| | - Zahraa I Khamis
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, United States.,Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Lebanese University, Faculty of Sciences, Hadath-Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Timothy Hua
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, United States
| | - Qing-Xiang Amy Sang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, United States.,Institute of Molecular Biophysics, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, United States
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14
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Milici A, Talavera K. TRP Channels as Cellular Targets of Particulate Matter. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:2783. [PMID: 33803491 PMCID: PMC7967245 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22052783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Revised: 03/02/2021] [Accepted: 03/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Particulate matter (PM) is constituted by particles with sizes in the nanometer to micrometer scales. PM can be generated from natural sources such as sandstorms and wildfires, and from human activities, including combustion of fuels, manufacturing and construction or specially engineered for applications in biotechnology, food industry, cosmetics, electronics, etc. Due to their small size PM can penetrate biological tissues, interact with cellular components and induce noxious effects such as disruptions of the cytoskeleton and membranes and the generation of reactive oxygen species. Here, we provide an overview on the actions of PM on transient receptor potential (TRP) proteins, a superfamily of cation-permeable channels with crucial roles in cell signaling. Their expression in epithelial cells and sensory innervation and their high sensitivity to chemical, thermal and mechanical stimuli makes TRP channels prime targets in the major entry routes of noxious PM, which may result in respiratory, metabolic and cardiovascular disorders. On the other hand, the interactions between TRP channel and engineered nanoparticles may be used for targeted drug delivery. We emphasize in that much further research is required to fully characterize the mechanisms underlying PM-TRP channel interactions and their relevance for PM toxicology and biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Karel Talavera
- Laboratory of Ion Channel Research, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven, VIB Center for Brain & Disease Research, 3000 Leuven, Belgium;
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15
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Abstract
Air pollutants pose a serious worldwide health hazard, causing respiratory and cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Pollutants perturb the autonomic nervous system, whose function is critical to cardiopulmonary homeostasis. Recent studies suggest that pollutants can stimulate defensive sensory nerves within the cardiopulmonary system, thus providing a possible mechanism for pollutant-induced autonomic dysfunction. A better understanding of the mechanisms involved would likely improve the management and treatment of pollution-related disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas E Taylor-Clark
- Molecular Pharmacology and Physiology, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida
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16
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Mandlik DS, Mandlik SK. New perspectives in bronchial asthma: pathological, immunological alterations, biological targets, and pharmacotherapy. Immunopharmacol Immunotoxicol 2020; 42:521-544. [PMID: 32938247 DOI: 10.1080/08923973.2020.1824238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Asthma is the most common, long-lasting inflammatory airway disease that affects more than 10% of the world population. It is characterized by bronchial narrowing, airway hyperresponsiveness, vasodilatation, airway edema, and stimulation of sensory nerve endings that lead to recurring events of breathlessness, wheezing, chest tightness, and coughing. It is the main reason for global morbidity and occurs as a result of the weakening of the immune system in response to exposure to allergens or environmental exposure. In asthma condition, it results in the activation of numerous inflammatory cells like the mast and dendritic cells along with the accumulation of activated eosinophils and lymphocytes at the inflammation site. The structural cells such as airway epithelial cells and smooth muscle cells release inflammatory mediators that promote the bronchial inflammation. Long-lasting bronchial inflammation can cause pathological alterations, viz. the improved thickness of the bronchial epithelium and friability of airway epithelial cells, epithelium fibrosis, hyperplasia, and hypertrophy of airway smooth muscle, angiogenesis, and mucus gland hyperplasia. The stimulation of bronchial epithelial cell would result in the release of inflammatory cytokines and chemokines that attract inflammatory cells into bronchial airways and plays an important role in asthma. Asthma patients who do not respond to marketed antiasthmatic drugs needed novel biological medications to regulate the asthmatic situation. The present review enumerates various types of asthma, etiological factors, and in vivo animal models for the induction of asthma. The underlying pathological, immunological mechanism of action, the role of inflammatory mediators, the effect of inflammation on the bronchial airways, newer treatment approaches, and novel biological targets of asthma have been discussed in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepa S Mandlik
- Department of Pharmacology, Bharat Vidyapeeth Deemed University, Poona College of Pharmacy, Erandawane, India
| | - Satish K Mandlik
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Sinhgad College of Pharmacy, Vadgaon, Maharashtra, India
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17
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Liviero F, Scarpa MC, De Stefani D, Folino F, Campisi M, Mason P, Iliceto S, Pavanello S, Maestrelli P. Modulation of TRPV-1 by prostaglandin-E 2 and bradykinin changes cough sensitivity and autonomic regulation of cardiac rhythm in healthy subjects. Sci Rep 2020; 10:15163. [PMID: 32938990 PMCID: PMC7494872 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-72062-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2020] [Accepted: 08/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
A neurogenic pathway, involving airway TRPV-1, has been implicated in acute cardiovascular events occurring after peaks of air pollution. We tested whether inhaled prostaglandin-E2 (PGE2) and bradykinin (BK) regulate TRPV-1 activity in vivo by changing cough response to capsaicin (CPS) and affecting heart rate variability (HRV), while also taking into account the influence of TRPV-1 polymorphisms (SNPs). Moreover, we assessed the molecular mechanism of TRPV-1 modulation in vitro. Seventeen healthy volunteers inhaled 100 μg PGE2, 200 μg BK or diluent in a randomized double-blind fashion. Subsequently, the response to CPS was assessed by cough challenge and the sympathetic activity by HRV, expressed by low (nLF) and high (nHF) normalized frequency components, as well as nLF/nHF ratio. Intracellular [Ca2+] was measured in HeLa cells, transfected with wild-type TRPV-1, pre-treated with increasing doses of PGE2, BK or diesel exhaust particulate (DEP), after CPS stimulation. Six functional TRPV-1 SNPs were characterized in DNA from each subject. Inhalation of PGE2 and BK was associated with significant increases in cough response induced by 30 μM of CPS (cough number after PGE2 = 4.20 ± 0.42; p < 0.001, and after BK = 3.64 ± 0.37; p < 0.01), compared to diluent (2.77 ± 0.29) and in sympathetic activity (nLF/nHF ratio after PGE2 = 6.1; p < 0.01, and after BK = 4.2; p < 0.05), compared to diluent (2.5–3.3). No influence of SNPs was observed on autonomic regulation and cough sensitivity. Unlike PGE2 and BK, DEP directly activated TRPV-1. Inhalation of PGE2 and BK sensitizes TRPV-1 and is associated with autonomic dysregulation of cardiac rhythm in healthy subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filippo Liviero
- Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences and Public Health, University of Padova, Via Giustiniani 2, 35128, Padua, Italy
| | - Maria Cristina Scarpa
- Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences and Public Health, University of Padova, Via Giustiniani 2, 35128, Padua, Italy
| | - Diego De Stefani
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padua, Italy
| | - Franco Folino
- Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences and Public Health, University of Padova, Via Giustiniani 2, 35128, Padua, Italy
| | - Manuela Campisi
- Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences and Public Health, University of Padova, Via Giustiniani 2, 35128, Padua, Italy
| | - Paola Mason
- Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences and Public Health, University of Padova, Via Giustiniani 2, 35128, Padua, Italy
| | - Sabino Iliceto
- Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences and Public Health, University of Padova, Via Giustiniani 2, 35128, Padua, Italy
| | - Sofia Pavanello
- Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences and Public Health, University of Padova, Via Giustiniani 2, 35128, Padua, Italy.
| | - Piero Maestrelli
- Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences and Public Health, University of Padova, Via Giustiniani 2, 35128, Padua, Italy
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18
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Nguyen ND, Memon TA, Burrell KL, Almestica-Roberts M, Rapp E, Sun L, Scott AF, Rower JE, Deering-Rice CE, Reilly CA. Transient Receptor Potential Ankyrin-1 and Vanilloid-3 Differentially Regulate Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress and Cytotoxicity in Human Lung Epithelial Cells After Pneumotoxic Wood Smoke Particle Exposure. Mol Pharmacol 2020; 98:586-597. [PMID: 32938721 DOI: 10.1124/molpharm.120.000047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2020] [Accepted: 08/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
This study investigated the roles of transient receptor potential (TRP) ankyrin-1 (TRPA1) and TRP vanilloid-3 (TRPV3) in regulating endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) and cytotoxicity in human bronchial epithelial cells (HBECs) treated with pneumotoxic wood smoke particulate matter (WSPM) and chemical agonists of each channel. Functions of TRPA1 and TRPV3 in pulmonary epithelial cells remain largely undefined. This study shows that TRPA1 activity localizes to the plasma membrane and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) of cells, whereas TRPV3 resides primarily in the ER. Additionally, treatment of cells using moderately cytotoxic concentrations of pine WSPM, carvacrol, and other TRPA1 agonists caused ERS as a function of both TRPA1 and TRPV3 activities. Specifically, ERS and cytotoxicity were attenuated by TRPA1 inhibition, whereas inhibiting TRPV3 exacerbated ERS and cytotoxicity. Interestingly, after treatment with pine WSPM, TRPA1 transcription was suppressed, whereas TRPV3 was increased. TRPV3 overexpression in HBECs conferred resistance to ERS and an attenuation of ERS-associated cell cycle arrest caused by WSPM and multiple prototypical ERS-inducing agents. Alternatively, short hairpin RNA-mediated knockdown of TRPV3, like the TRPV3 antagonist, exacerbated ERS. This study reveals previously undocumented roles for TRPA1 in promoting pathologic ERS and cytotoxicity elicited by pneumotoxic WSPM and TRPA1 agonists, and a unique role for TRPV3 in fettering pathologic facets of the integrated ERS response. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: These findings provide new insights into how wood smoke particulate matter and other transient receptor potential ankyrin-1 (TRPA1) and transient receptor potential vanilloid-3 (TRPV3) agonists can affect human bronchial epithelial cells and highlight novel physiological and pathophysiological roles for TRPA1 and TRPV3 in these cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nam D Nguyen
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Center for Human Toxicology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Tosifa A Memon
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Center for Human Toxicology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Katherine L Burrell
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Center for Human Toxicology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Marysol Almestica-Roberts
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Center for Human Toxicology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Emmanuel Rapp
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Center for Human Toxicology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Lili Sun
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Center for Human Toxicology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Abigail F Scott
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Center for Human Toxicology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Joseph E Rower
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Center for Human Toxicology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Cassandra E Deering-Rice
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Center for Human Toxicology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Christopher A Reilly
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Center for Human Toxicology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
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19
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Complex Regulatory Role of the TRPA1 Receptor in Acute and Chronic Airway Inflammation Mouse Models. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21114109. [PMID: 32526913 PMCID: PMC7312832 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21114109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2020] [Revised: 06/03/2020] [Accepted: 06/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The Transient Receptor Potential Ankyrin 1 (TRPA1) cation channel expressed on capsaicin-sensitive afferents, immune and endothelial cells is activated by inflammatory mediators and exogenous irritants, e.g., endotoxins, nicotine, crotonaldehyde and acrolein. We investigated its involvement in acute and chronic pulmonary inflammation using Trpa1 gene-deleted (Trpa1-/-) mice. Acute pneumonitis was evoked by intranasal Escherichia coli endotoxin (lipopolysaccharide: LPS) administration, chronic bronchitis by daily cigarette smoke exposure (CSE) for 4 months. Frequency, peak inspiratory/expiratory flows, minute ventilation determined by unrestrained whole-body plethysmography were significantly greater, while tidal volume, inspiratory/expiratory/relaxation times were smaller in Trpa1-/- mice. LPS-induced bronchial hyperreactivity, myeloperoxidase activity, frequency-decrease were significantly greater in Trpa1-/- mice. CSE significantly decreased tidal volume, minute ventilation, peak inspiratory/expiratory flows in wildtypes, but not in Trpa1-/- mice. CSE remarkably increased the mean linear intercept (histopathology), as an emphysema indicator after 2 months in wildtypes, but only after 4 months in Trpa1-/- mice. Semiquantitative histopathological scores were not different between strains in either models. TRPA1 has a complex role in basal airway function regulation and inflammatory mechanisms. It protects against LPS-induced acute pneumonitis and hyperresponsiveness, but is required for CSE-evoked emphysema and respiratory deterioration. Further research is needed to determine TRPA1 as a potential pharmacological target in the lung.
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20
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Liu Z, Wang P, Lu S, Guo R, Gao W, Tong H, Yin Y, Han X, Liu T, Chen X, Zhu MX, Yang Z. Liquiritin, a novel inhibitor of TRPV1 and TRPA1, protects against LPS-induced acute lung injury. Cell Calcium 2020; 88:102198. [PMID: 32388008 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceca.2020.102198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2019] [Revised: 03/25/2020] [Accepted: 03/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
TRPV1 and TRPA1 are cation channels that play key roles in inflammatory signaling pathways. They are co-expressed on airway C-fibers, where they exert synergistic effects on causing inflammation and cough. Licorice, the root of Glycyrrhiza uralensis, has been widely used in China as an anti-inflammatory and anti-coughing herb. To learn if TRPV1 and TRPA1 might be key targets of the anti-inflammatory and antitussive effects of licorice, we examined liquiritin, the main flavonoid compound and active ingredient of licorice, on agonist-evoked TRPV1 and TRPA1 activation. Liquiritin inhibited capsaicin- and allyl isothiocyanate-evoked TRPV1 and TRPA1 whole-cell currents, respectively, with a similar potency and maximal inhibition. In a mouse acute lung injury (ALI) model induced by the bacterial endotoxin lipopolysaccharide, which involves both TRPV1 and TRPA1, an oral gavage of liquiritin prevented tissue damage and suppressed inflammation and the activation of NF-κB signaling pathway in the lung tissue. Liquiritin also suppressed LPS-induced increase in TRPV1 and TRPA1 protein expression in the lung tissue, as well as TRPV1 and TRPA1 mRNA levels in cells contained in mouse bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. In cultured THP-1 monocytes, liguiritin, or TRPV1 and TRPA1 antagonists capsazepine and HC030031, respectively, diminished not only cytokine-induced upregulation of NF-κB function but also TRPV1 and TRPA1 expression at both protein and mRNA levels. We conclude that the anti-inflammatory and antitussive effects of liquiritin are mediated by the dual inhibition of TRPV1 and TRPA1 channels, which are upregulated in nonneuronal cells through the NF-κB pathway during airway inflammation via a positive feedback mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenhong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Internal Medicine of Ministry of Education and Beijing, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100700, China; School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Pengwen Wang
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Internal Medicine of Ministry of Education and Beijing, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Shanshan Lu
- The Brain Science Center, Beijing Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Rong Guo
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Wei Gao
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Haiying Tong
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Yin Yin
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Xuezhen Han
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Tiantian Liu
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Xiangyun Chen
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Michael X Zhu
- Department of Integrative Biology and Pharmacology, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
| | - Zhen Yang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China.
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21
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Kytikova OY, Novgorodtseva TP, Denisenko YK, Antonyuk MV, Gvozdenko TA. Dysfunction of transient receptor potential ion channels as an important pathophysiological mechanism in asthma. RUSSIAN OPEN MEDICAL JOURNAL 2020. [DOI: 10.15275/rusomj.2020.0102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Asthma is a chronic heterogeneous disease characterized by chronic inflammation and bronchial hyperreactivity. Neurogenic inflammation is one of the important causes of hyperreactivity. Dysfunction of transient receptor potential (TRP) ion channels underlies the development of neurogenic inflammation, bronchial hyperreactivity and respiratory symptoms of asthma such as bronchospasm and cough. TRP channels are expressed in the respiratory tract. Their activation is mediated by endogenous and exogenous factors involved in the pathogenesis of asthma. The study of functioning and regulation of TRP channels is relevant, as they could be important therapeutic targets for asthma. The aim of the review is to summarize modern ideas about the mechanisms of functioning and regulation of members of the TRP channel superfamily, the role of which in lung pathology and physiology are the best studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oxana Yu. Kytikova
- Vladivostok Branch of Far Eastern Scientific Center of Physiology and Pathology of Respiration – Institute of Medical Climatology and Rehabilitative Treatment
| | - Tatyana P. Novgorodtseva
- Vladivostok Branch of Far Eastern Scientific Center of Physiology and Pathology of Respiration – Institute of Medical Climatology and Rehabilitative Treatment
| | - Yulia K. Denisenko
- Vladivostok Branch of Far Eastern Scientific Center of Physiology and Pathology of Respiration – Institute of Medical Climatology and Rehabilitative Treatment
| | - Marina V. Antonyuk
- Vladivostok Branch of Far Eastern Scientific Center of Physiology and Pathology of Respiration – Institute of Medical Climatology and Rehabilitative Treatment
| | - Tatyana A. Gvozdenko
- Vladivostok Branch of Far Eastern Scientific Center of Physiology and Pathology of Respiration – Institute of Medical Climatology and Rehabilitative Treatment
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22
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Sun DL, Qi YX, Yang T, Lin YY, Li SM, Li YJ, Xu QW, Sun YB, Li WM, Chen XZ, Xu PY. Early oral nutrition improves postoperative ileus through the TRPA1/CCK1-R-mediated mast cell-nerve axis. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2020; 8:179. [PMID: 32309326 PMCID: PMC7154392 DOI: 10.21037/atm.2020.01.95] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Background The mechanism of early oral nutrition that regulates the mast cell-nerve axis to improve postoperative ileus (POI) remains unclear. This study aims to investigate whether early oral nutrition can improve POI through Transient receptor potential ankyrin-1 (TRPA1)/cholecystokinin 1 receptor (CCK1-R) in the mast cell-nerve axis. Methods Experiment 1: Male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into the TRPA1 inhibitor + oral nutrition group (TI + ON + POI), oral nutrition group (ON + POI), POI group (POI) and sham surgery group (Sham). Nine rats in each group were treated. Experiment 2: Primary cultures of mast cells and dorsal root ganglion cells were created, and a non-contact co-culture system was established. The cells were divided into the dorsal root ganglion (DRG) group, mast cell group, DRG + mast cell group, TRPA1 inhibitor or enhancer group, mast cell stabilizer or enhancer group, CCK1-R inhibitor or enhancer group. The results of expression of TRPA1, CCK1-R and histamine in colon tissue, portal vein blood, supernatant or dorsal root ganglia, intestinal transport test and mast cell morphology were analysed. Results In experiment 1, Early oral nutrition could alleviate the degranulation and activation of mast cells and alleviate the inflammatory reaction of intestinal wall muscles (P<0.05). Early oral nutrition improved POI by stabilizing mast cells with TRPA1. TRPA1 inhibitor decreased CCK1-R concentrations in portal vein blood and CCK1-R expression in colonic smooth muscle (P<0.05). In experiment 2, the change in mast cell function regulated the secretion of CCK1-R by neurons, CCK1-R negatively regulated the degranulation and activation of mast cells (P<0.05), and mast cells positively regulated the expression of TRPA1 protein in DRG (P<0.05). Conclusions Early enteral nutrition can improve POI through the TRPA1/CCK1-R-mediated mast cell-nerve axis. TRPA1 positively regulates CCK1-R to stabilize mast cells, but TRPA1 is not the target of the downstream CCK1-R pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Da-Li Sun
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650101, China.,Yunnan Research Center for Surgical Clinical Nutrition, Kunming 650101, China
| | - Yu-Xing Qi
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650101, China.,Yunnan Research Center for Surgical Clinical Nutrition, Kunming 650101, China
| | - Ting Yang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650101, China.,Yunnan Research Center for Surgical Clinical Nutrition, Kunming 650101, China
| | - Yue-Ying Lin
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650101, China.,Yunnan Research Center for Surgical Clinical Nutrition, Kunming 650101, China
| | - Shu-Min Li
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650101, China.,Yunnan Research Center for Surgical Clinical Nutrition, Kunming 650101, China
| | - Yi-Jun Li
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650101, China.,Yunnan Research Center for Surgical Clinical Nutrition, Kunming 650101, China
| | - Qing-Wen Xu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650101, China.,Yunnan Research Center for Surgical Clinical Nutrition, Kunming 650101, China
| | - Yan-Bo Sun
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650101, China.,Yunnan Research Center for Surgical Clinical Nutrition, Kunming 650101, China
| | - Wei-Ming Li
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650101, China.,Yunnan Research Center for Surgical Clinical Nutrition, Kunming 650101, China
| | - Xiong-Zhi Chen
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650101, China.,Yunnan Research Center for Surgical Clinical Nutrition, Kunming 650101, China
| | - Peng-Yuan Xu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650101, China.,Yunnan Research Center for Surgical Clinical Nutrition, Kunming 650101, China
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23
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Holme JA, Brinchmann BC, Le Ferrec E, Lagadic-Gossmann D, Øvrevik J. Combustion Particle-Induced Changes in Calcium Homeostasis: A Contributing Factor to Vascular Disease? Cardiovasc Toxicol 2020; 19:198-209. [PMID: 30955163 DOI: 10.1007/s12012-019-09518-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Air pollution is the leading environmental risk factor for disease and premature death in the world. This is mainly due to exposure to urban air particle matter (PM), in particular, fine and ultrafine combustion-derived particles (CDP) from traffic-related air pollution. PM and CDP, including particles from diesel exhaust (DEP), and cigarette smoke have been linked to various cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) including atherosclerosis, but the underlying cellular mechanisms remain unclear. Moreover, CDP typically consist of carbon cores with a complex mixture of organic chemicals such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) adhered. The relative contribution of the carbon core and adhered soluble components to cardiovascular effects of CDP is still a matter of discussion. In the present review, we summarize evidence showing that CDP affects intracellular calcium regulation, and argue that CDP-induced impairment of normal calcium control may be a critical cellular event through which CDP exposure contributes to development or exacerbation of cardiovascular disease. Furthermore, we highlight in vitro research suggesting that adhered organic chemicals such as PAHs may be key drivers of these responses. CDP, extractable organic material from CDP (CDP-EOM), and PAHs may increase intracellular calcium levels by interacting with calcium channels like transient receptor potential (TRP) channels, and receptors such as G protein-coupled receptors (GPCR; e.g., beta-adrenergic receptors [βAR] and protease-activated receptor 2 [PAR-2]) and the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR). Clarifying a possible role of calcium signaling and mechanisms involved may increase our understanding of how air pollution contributes to CVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jørn A Holme
- Department of Air Pollution and Noise, Division of Infection Control, Environment and Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, PO Box 4404, Nydalen, 0403, Oslo, Norway.
| | - Bendik C Brinchmann
- Department of Air Pollution and Noise, Division of Infection Control, Environment and Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, PO Box 4404, Nydalen, 0403, Oslo, Norway
| | - Eric Le Ferrec
- Univ Rennes, Inserm, EHESP, Irset (Institut de recherche en santé environnement et travail) - UMR_S 1085, 35000, Rennes, France
| | - Dominique Lagadic-Gossmann
- Univ Rennes, Inserm, EHESP, Irset (Institut de recherche en santé environnement et travail) - UMR_S 1085, 35000, Rennes, France
| | - Johan Øvrevik
- Department of Air Pollution and Noise, Division of Infection Control, Environment and Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, PO Box 4404, Nydalen, 0403, Oslo, Norway.
- Department of Biosciences, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
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24
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Santoni G, Morelli MB, Santoni M, Nabissi M, Marinelli O, Amantini C. Targeting Transient Receptor Potential Channels by MicroRNAs Drives Tumor Development and Progression. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2020; 1131:605-623. [PMID: 31646527 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-12457-1_24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Transient receptor potential (TRP) cation channel superfamily plays important roles in a variety of cellular processes such polymodal cellular sensing, adhesion, polarity, proliferation, differentiation and apoptosis. The expression of TRP channels is strictly regulated and their de-regulation can stimulate cancer development and progression.In human cancers, specific miRNAs are expressed in different tissues, and changes in the regulation of gene expression mediated by specific miRNAs have been associated with carcinogenesis. Several miRNAs/TRP channel pairs have been reported to play an important role in tumor biology. Thus, the TRPM1 gene regulates melanocyte/melanoma behaviour via TRPM1 and microRNA-211 transcripts. Both miR-211 and TRPM1 proteins are regulated through microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (MIFT) and the expression of miR-211 is decreased during melanoma progression. Melanocyte phenotype and melanoma behaviour strictly depend on dual TRPM1 activity, with loss of TRPM1 protein promoting melanoma aggressiveness and miR-211 expression supporting tumour suppressor. TRPM3 plays a major role in the development and progression of human clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) with von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) loss. TRPM3, a direct target of miR-204, is enhanced in ccRCC with inactivated or deleted VHL. Loss of VHL inhibits miR-204 expression that lead to increased oncogenic autophagy. Therefore, the understanding of specific TRP channels/miRNAs molecular pathways in distinct tumors could provide a clinical rationale for target therapy in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giorgio Santoni
- School of Pharmacy, Experimental Medicine Section, University of Camerino, Camerino, Italy.
| | - Maria Beatrice Morelli
- School of Pharmacy, Experimental Medicine Section, University of Camerino, Camerino, Italy
| | - Matteo Santoni
- Clinic and Oncology Unit, Macerata Hospital, Macerata, Italy
| | - Massimo Nabissi
- School of Pharmacy, Experimental Medicine Section, University of Camerino, Camerino, Italy
| | - Oliviero Marinelli
- School of Pharmacy, Experimental Medicine Section, University of Camerino, Camerino, Italy
- School of Biosciences and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, Camerino, Italy
| | - Consuelo Amantini
- School of Biosciences and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, Camerino, Italy
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25
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Talavera K, Startek JB, Alvarez-Collazo J, Boonen B, Alpizar YA, Sanchez A, Naert R, Nilius B. Mammalian Transient Receptor Potential TRPA1 Channels: From Structure to Disease. Physiol Rev 2019; 100:725-803. [PMID: 31670612 DOI: 10.1152/physrev.00005.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 210] [Impact Index Per Article: 42.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The transient receptor potential ankyrin (TRPA) channels are Ca2+-permeable nonselective cation channels remarkably conserved through the animal kingdom. Mammals have only one member, TRPA1, which is widely expressed in sensory neurons and in non-neuronal cells (such as epithelial cells and hair cells). TRPA1 owes its name to the presence of 14 ankyrin repeats located in the NH2 terminus of the channel, an unusual structural feature that may be relevant to its interactions with intracellular components. TRPA1 is primarily involved in the detection of an extremely wide variety of exogenous stimuli that may produce cellular damage. This includes a plethora of electrophilic compounds that interact with nucleophilic amino acid residues in the channel and many other chemically unrelated compounds whose only common feature seems to be their ability to partition in the plasma membrane. TRPA1 has been reported to be activated by cold, heat, and mechanical stimuli, and its function is modulated by multiple factors, including Ca2+, trace metals, pH, and reactive oxygen, nitrogen, and carbonyl species. TRPA1 is involved in acute and chronic pain as well as inflammation, plays key roles in the pathophysiology of nearly all organ systems, and is an attractive target for the treatment of related diseases. Here we review the current knowledge about the mammalian TRPA1 channel, linking its unique structure, widely tuned sensory properties, and complex regulation to its roles in multiple pathophysiological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karel Talavera
- Laboratory of Ion Channel Research, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven; VIB Center for Brain and Disease Research, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Justyna B Startek
- Laboratory of Ion Channel Research, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven; VIB Center for Brain and Disease Research, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Julio Alvarez-Collazo
- Laboratory of Ion Channel Research, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven; VIB Center for Brain and Disease Research, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Brett Boonen
- Laboratory of Ion Channel Research, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven; VIB Center for Brain and Disease Research, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Yeranddy A Alpizar
- Laboratory of Ion Channel Research, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven; VIB Center for Brain and Disease Research, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Alicia Sanchez
- Laboratory of Ion Channel Research, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven; VIB Center for Brain and Disease Research, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Robbe Naert
- Laboratory of Ion Channel Research, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven; VIB Center for Brain and Disease Research, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Bernd Nilius
- Laboratory of Ion Channel Research, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven; VIB Center for Brain and Disease Research, Leuven, Belgium
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26
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Alavi MS, Shamsizadeh A, Karimi G, Roohbakhsh A. Transient receptor potential ankyrin 1 (TRPA1)-mediated toxicity: friend or foe? Toxicol Mech Methods 2019; 30:1-18. [PMID: 31409172 DOI: 10.1080/15376516.2019.1652872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Transient receptor potential (TRP) channels have been widely studied during the last decade. New studies uncover new features and potential applications for these channels. TRPA1 has a huge distribution all over the human body and has been reported to be involved in different physiological and pathological conditions including cold, pain, and damage sensation. Considering its role, many studies have been devoted to evaluating the role of this channel in the initiation and progression of different toxicities. Accordingly, we reviewed the most recent studies and divided the role of TRPA1 in toxicology into the following sections: neurotoxicity, cardiotoxicity, dermatotoxicity, and pulmonary toxicity. Acetaminophen, heavy metals, tear gases, various chemotherapeutic agents, acrolein, wood smoke particulate materials, particulate air pollution materials, diesel exhaust particles, cigarette smoke extracts, air born irritants, sulfur mustard, and plasticizers are selected compounds and materials with toxic effects that are, at least in part, mediated by TRPA1. Considering the high safety of TRPA1 antagonists and their efficacy to resolve selected toxic or adverse drug reactions, the future of these drugs looks promising.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohaddeseh Sadat Alavi
- Division of Neurocognitive Sciences, Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Ali Shamsizadeh
- Physiology-Pharmacology Research Center, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
| | - Gholamreza Karimi
- Pharmaceutical Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Ali Roohbakhsh
- Pharmaceutical Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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27
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Non-Analgesic Symptomatic or Disease-Modifying Potential of TRPA1. Med Sci (Basel) 2019; 7:medsci7100099. [PMID: 31547502 PMCID: PMC6836032 DOI: 10.3390/medsci7100099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2019] [Revised: 09/18/2019] [Accepted: 09/19/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
TRPA1, a versatile ion channel of the Transient Receptor Potential (TRP) channel family, detects a large variety of chemicals and can contribute to signal processing of other stimuli, e.g., due to its sensitivity to cytosolic calcium elevation or phosphoinositolphosphate modulation. At first, TRPA1 was found on sensory neurons, where it can act as a sensor for potential or actual tissue damage that ultimately may elicit pain or itch as warning symptoms. This review provides an update regarding the analgesic and antipruritic potential of TRPA1 modulation and the respective clinical trials. Furthermore, TRPA1 has been found in an increasing amount of other cell types. Therefore, the main focus of the review is to discuss the non-analgesic and particularly the disease-modifying potential of TRPA1. This includes diseases of the respiratory system, cancer, ischemia, allergy, diabetes, and the gastrointestinal system. The involvement of TRPA1 in the respective pathophysiological cascades is so far mainly based on pre-clinical data.
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28
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Mohammadpour R, Yazdimamaghani M, Reilly CA, Ghandehari H. Transient Receptor Potential Ion Channel-Dependent Toxicity of Silica Nanoparticles and Poly(amido amine) Dendrimers. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2019; 370:751-760. [PMID: 30442652 PMCID: PMC6806633 DOI: 10.1124/jpet.118.253682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2018] [Accepted: 11/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Fundamental to the design and development of nanoparticles for applications in nanomedicine is a detailed understanding of their biologic fate and potential toxic effects. Transient receptor potential (TRP) ion channels are a large superfamily of cation channels with varied physiologic functions. This superfamily is classified into six related subfamilies: TRP canonical, TRP vanilloid (TRPV), TRP melastatin (TRPM), TRP ankyrin (TRPA), TRP polycystin, and TRP mucolipin. TRPA1, TRPM2, and TRPM8 are nonselective Ca2+-permeable cation channels which regulate calcium pathways under oxidative stress, whereas TRPV4 can be activated by oxidative, osmotic, and thermal stress as well as different fatty acid metabolites. Using a series of well characterized silica nanoparticles with variations in size (approximately 50-350 nm in diameter) and porosity, as well as cationic and anionic poly(amido amine) (PAMAM) dendrimers of similar size, we examined the toxicity of these nanoparticles to human embryonic kidney-293 cells overexpressing different TRP channels. The data show that the toxicity of mesoporous silica nanoparticles was influenced by expression of the TRPA1 and TRPM2 channels, whereas the toxicity of smaller nonporous silica nanoparticles was only affected by TRPM8. Additionally, TRPA1 and TRPM2 played a role in the cytotoxicity of cationic dendrimers, but not anionic dendrimers. TRPV4 did not seem to play a significant role in silica nanoparticle or PAMAM toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raziye Mohammadpour
- Utah Center for Nanomedicine, Nano Institute of Utah (R.M., M.Y., H.G.), Departments of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Chemistry (M.Y., H.G.), Pharmacology and Toxicology (C.A.R.), and Bioengineering (H.G.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Mostafa Yazdimamaghani
- Utah Center for Nanomedicine, Nano Institute of Utah (R.M., M.Y., H.G.), Departments of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Chemistry (M.Y., H.G.), Pharmacology and Toxicology (C.A.R.), and Bioengineering (H.G.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Christopher A Reilly
- Utah Center for Nanomedicine, Nano Institute of Utah (R.M., M.Y., H.G.), Departments of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Chemistry (M.Y., H.G.), Pharmacology and Toxicology (C.A.R.), and Bioengineering (H.G.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Hamidreza Ghandehari
- Utah Center for Nanomedicine, Nano Institute of Utah (R.M., M.Y., H.G.), Departments of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Chemistry (M.Y., H.G.), Pharmacology and Toxicology (C.A.R.), and Bioengineering (H.G.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
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29
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Deering-Rice CE, Memon T, Lu Z, Romero EG, Cox J, Taylor-Clark T, Veranth JM, Reilly CA. Differential Activation of TRPA1 by Diesel Exhaust Particles: Relationships between Chemical Composition, Potency, and Lung Toxicity. Chem Res Toxicol 2019; 32:1040-1050. [PMID: 30945539 PMCID: PMC6959364 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.8b00375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
![]()
Diesel
exhaust particulate (DEP) causes pulmonary irritation and
inflammation, which can exacerbate asthma and other diseases. These
effects may arise from the activation of transient receptor potential
ankyrin-1 (TRPA1). This study shows that a representative DEP can
activate TRPA1-expressing pulmonary C-fibers in the mouse lung. Furthermore,
DEP collected from idling vehicles at an emissions inspection station,
the tailpipe of an on-road “black smoker” diesel truck,
waste DEP from a diesel exhaust filter regeneration machine, and NIST
SRM 2975 can activate human TRPA1 in lung epithelial cells to elicit
different biological responses. The potency of the DEP, particle extracts,
and selected chemical components was compared in TRPA1 over-expressing
HEK-293 and human lung cells using calcium flux and other toxicologically
relevant end-point assays. Emission station DEP was the most potent
and filter DEP the least. Potency was related to the percentage of
ethanol extractable TRPA1 agonists and was equivalent when equal amounts
of extract mass was used for treatment. The DEP samples were further
compared using scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray
spectroscopy, gas chromatography–mass spectrometry, and principal
component analysis as well as targeted analysis of known TRPA1 agonists.
Activation of TRPA1 was attributable to both particle-associated electrophiles
and non-electrophilic agonists, which affected the induction of interleukin-8
mRNA via TRPA1 in A549 and IMR-90 lung cells as well as TRPA1-mediated
mucin gene induction in human lung cells and mucous cell metaplasia
in mice. This work illustrates that not all DEP samples are equivalent,
and studies aimed at assessing mechanisms of DEP toxicity should account
for multiple variables, including the expression of receptor targets
such as TRPA1 and particle chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Thomas Taylor-Clark
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology & Physiology, Morsani College of Medicine , University of South Florida , Tampa , Florida 33612 , United States
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30
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Abstract
Air pollutants from burning wood and biomass pose serious human health risks. Recent discoveries link the chemistry of smoke emissions with biochemical sensors and biological effect mediators. Strategic thinking of complex underlying factors is needed to protect people from harm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abigail F Scott
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Center for Human Toxicology , University of Utah , 30 South 2000 East , Salt Lake City , Utah 84112 , United States
| | - Christopher A Reilly
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Center for Human Toxicology , University of Utah , 30 South 2000 East , Salt Lake City , Utah 84112 , United States
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31
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Memon T, Yarishkin O, Reilly CA, Križaj D, Olivera BM, Teichert RW. trans-Anethole of Fennel Oil is a Selective and Nonelectrophilic Agonist of the TRPA1 Ion Channel. Mol Pharmacol 2019; 95:433-441. [PMID: 30679204 DOI: 10.1124/mol.118.114561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2018] [Accepted: 01/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Transient receptor potential (TRP) cation channels are molecular targets of various natural products. TRPA1, a member of TRP channel family, is specifically activated by natural products such as allyl isothiocyanate (mustard oil), cinnamaldehyde (cinnamon), and allicin (garlic). In this study, we demonstrated that TRPA1 is also a target of trans-anethole in fennel oil (FO) and fennel seed extract. Similar to FO, trans-anethole selectively elicited calcium influx in TRPA1-expressing mouse sensory neurons of the dorsal root and trigeminal ganglia. These FO- and anethole-induced calcium responses were blocked by a selective TRPA1 channel antagonist, HC-030031. Moreover, both FO and trans-anethole induced calcium influx and transmembrane currents in HEK293 cells stably overexpressing human TRPA1 channels, but not in regular HEK293 cells. Mutation of the amino acids S873 and T874 binding site of human TRPA1 significantly attenuated channel activation by trans-anethole, whereas pretreating with glutathione, a nucleophile, did not. Conversely, activation of TRPA1 by the electrophile allyl isothiocyanate was abolished by glutathione, but was ostensibly unaffected by mutation of the ST binding site. Finally, it was found that trans-anethole was capable of desensitizing TRPA1, and unlike allyl isothiocyanate, it failed to induce nocifensive behaviors in mice. We conclude that trans-anethole is a selective, nonelectrophilic, and seemingly less-irritating agonist of TRPA1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tosifa Memon
- Departments of Biology (T.M., B.M.O., R.W.T.), Pharmacology and Toxicology (T.M., C.A.R.), and Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences (O.Y., D.K.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Oleg Yarishkin
- Departments of Biology (T.M., B.M.O., R.W.T.), Pharmacology and Toxicology (T.M., C.A.R.), and Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences (O.Y., D.K.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Christopher A Reilly
- Departments of Biology (T.M., B.M.O., R.W.T.), Pharmacology and Toxicology (T.M., C.A.R.), and Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences (O.Y., D.K.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - David Križaj
- Departments of Biology (T.M., B.M.O., R.W.T.), Pharmacology and Toxicology (T.M., C.A.R.), and Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences (O.Y., D.K.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Baldomero M Olivera
- Departments of Biology (T.M., B.M.O., R.W.T.), Pharmacology and Toxicology (T.M., C.A.R.), and Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences (O.Y., D.K.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Russell W Teichert
- Departments of Biology (T.M., B.M.O., R.W.T.), Pharmacology and Toxicology (T.M., C.A.R.), and Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences (O.Y., D.K.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
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32
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Deering-Rice CE, Nguyen N, Lu Z, Cox JE, Shapiro D, Romero EG, Mitchell VK, Burrell KL, Veranth JM, Reilly CA. Activation of TRPV3 by Wood Smoke Particles and Roles in Pneumotoxicity. Chem Res Toxicol 2018; 31:291-301. [PMID: 29658714 PMCID: PMC6342208 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.7b00336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
![]()
Wood/biomass
smoke particulate materials (WBSPM) are pneumotoxic,
but the mechanisms by which these materials affect lung cells are
not fully understood. We previously identified transient receptor
potential (TRP) ankyrin-1 as a sensor for electrophiles in WBSPM and
hypothesized that other TRP channels expressed by lung cells might
also be activated by WBSPM, contributing to pneumotoxicity.
Screening TRP channel activation by WBSPM using calcium flux assays
revealed TRPV3 activation by materials obtained from burning multiple
types of wood under fixed conditions. TRPV3 activation by WBSPM was
dependent on the chemical composition, and the pattern of activation
and chemical components of PM agonists was different from that of
TRPA1. Chemical analysis of particle constituents by gas chromatography–mass
spectrometry and principal component analysis indicated enrichment
of cresol, ethylphenol, and xylenol analogues, plus several
other chemicals among the most potent samples. 2,3-, 2,4-, 2,5-, 2,6-,
3,4-, and 3,5-xylenol, 2-, 3-, and 4-ethylphenol, 2-methoxy-4-methylphenol,
and 5,8-dihydronaphthol were TRPV3 agonists exhibiting preferential
activation versus TRPA1, M8, V1, and V4. The concentration of 2,3-
and 3,4-xylenol in the most potent samples of pine and mesquite smoke
PM (<3 μm) was 0.1–0.3% by weight, while that of 5,8-dihydronaphthol
was 0.03%. TRPV3 was expressed by several human lung epithelial cell
lines, and both pine PM and pure chemical TRPV3 agonists found in
WBSPM were more toxic to TRPV3-over-expressing cells via TRPV3 activation.
Finally, mice treated sub-acutely with pine particles exhibited an
increase in sensitivity to inhaled methacholine involving TRPV3. In
summary, TRPV3 is activated by specific chemicals in WBSPM, potentially
contributing to the pneumotoxic properties of certain WBSPM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cassandra E Deering-Rice
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Center for Human Toxicology , University of Utah , 30 South 2000 East, Room 201 Skaggs Hall , Salt Lake City , Utah 84112 , United States
| | - Nam Nguyen
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Center for Human Toxicology , University of Utah , 30 South 2000 East, Room 201 Skaggs Hall , Salt Lake City , Utah 84112 , United States
| | - Zhenyu Lu
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Center for Human Toxicology , University of Utah , 30 South 2000 East, Room 201 Skaggs Hall , Salt Lake City , Utah 84112 , United States
| | - James E Cox
- Department of Biochemistry, Emma Eccles Jones Medical Research Building , University of Utah , Room A306, 15 North Medical Drive East , Salt Lake City , Utah 84112 , United States
| | - Darien Shapiro
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Center for Human Toxicology , University of Utah , 30 South 2000 East, Room 201 Skaggs Hall , Salt Lake City , Utah 84112 , United States
| | - Erin G Romero
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Center for Human Toxicology , University of Utah , 30 South 2000 East, Room 201 Skaggs Hall , Salt Lake City , Utah 84112 , United States
| | - Virginia K Mitchell
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Center for Human Toxicology , University of Utah , 30 South 2000 East, Room 201 Skaggs Hall , Salt Lake City , Utah 84112 , United States
| | - Katherine L Burrell
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Center for Human Toxicology , University of Utah , 30 South 2000 East, Room 201 Skaggs Hall , Salt Lake City , Utah 84112 , United States
| | - John M Veranth
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Center for Human Toxicology , University of Utah , 30 South 2000 East, Room 201 Skaggs Hall , Salt Lake City , Utah 84112 , United States
| | - Christopher A Reilly
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Center for Human Toxicology , University of Utah , 30 South 2000 East, Room 201 Skaggs Hall , Salt Lake City , Utah 84112 , United States
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33
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Jaramillo IC, Sturrock A, Ghiassi H, Woller DJ, Deering-Rice CE, Lighty JS, Paine R, Reilly C, Kelly KE. Effects of fuel components and combustion particle physicochemical properties on toxicological responses of lung cells. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND HEALTH. PART A, TOXIC/HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCES & ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING 2018; 53:295-309. [PMID: 29227181 PMCID: PMC5815945 DOI: 10.1080/10934529.2017.1400793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
The physicochemical properties of combustion particles that promote lung toxicity are not fully understood, hindered by the fact that combustion particles vary based on the fuel and combustion conditions. Real-world combustion-particle properties also continually change as new fuels are implemented, engines age, and engine technologies evolve. This work used laboratory-generated particles produced under controlled combustion conditions in an effort to understand the relationship between different particle properties and the activation of established toxicological outcomes in human lung cells (H441 and THP-1). Particles were generated from controlled combustion of two simple biofuel/diesel surrogates (methyl decanoate and dodecane/biofuel-blended diesel (BD), and butanol and dodecane/alcohol-blended diesel (AD)) and compared to a widely studied reference diesel (RD) particle (NIST SRM2975/RD). BD, AD, and RD particles exhibited differences in size, surface area, extractable chemical mass, and the content of individual polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). Some of these differences were directly associated with different effects on biological responses. BD particles had the greatest surface area, amount of extractable material, and oxidizing potential. These particles and extracts induced cytochrome P450 1A1 and 1B1 enzyme mRNA in lung cells. AD particles and extracts had the greatest total PAH content and also caused CYP1A1 and 1B1 mRNA induction. The RD extract contained the highest relative concentration of 2-ring PAHs and stimulated the greatest level of interleukin-8 (IL-8) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNFα) cytokine secretion. Finally, AD and RD were more potent activators of TRPA1 than BD, and while neither the TRPA1 antagonist HC-030031 nor the antioxidant N-acetylcysteine (NAC) affected CYP1A1 or 1B1 mRNA induction, both inhibitors reduced IL-8 secretion and mRNA induction. These results highlight that differences in fuel and combustion conditions affect the physicochemical properties of particles, and these differences, in turn, affect commonly studied biological/toxicological responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabel C. Jaramillo
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, United States of America
| | - Anne Sturrock
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, United States of America
| | - Hossein Ghiassi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, United States of America
| | - Diana J. Woller
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, United States of America
| | - Cassandra E. Deering-Rice
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, United States of America
| | - JoAnn S. Lighty
- Department of Mechanical and Biomedical Engineering, Boise State University, Boise, ID, United States of America
| | - Robert Paine
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, United States of America
| | - Christopher Reilly
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, United States of America
| | - Kerry E. Kelly
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, United States of America
- Address correspondence to Kerry E. Kelly, Assistant Professor, University of Utah 2282 MEB, 50 S. Central Campus Dr., Salt Lake City, UT 84112; Phone: (801) 587-7601; Fax: (801) 585-9297; kerry,
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Sood A, Assad NA, Barnes PJ, Churg A, Gordon SB, Harrod KS, Irshad H, Kurmi OP, Martin WJ, Meek P, Mortimer K, Noonan CW, Perez-Padilla R, Smith KR, Tesfaigzi Y, Ward T, Balmes J. ERS/ATS workshop report on respiratory health effects of household air pollution. Eur Respir J 2018; 51:51/1/1700698. [PMID: 29301918 DOI: 10.1183/13993003.00698-2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2017] [Accepted: 08/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Exposure to household air pollution (HAP) from solid fuel combustion affects almost half of the world population. Adverse respiratory outcomes such as respiratory infections, impaired lung growth and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease have been linked to HAP exposure. Solid fuel smoke is a heterogeneous mixture of various gases and particulates. Cell culture and animal studies with controlled exposure conditions and genetic homogeneity provide important insights into HAP mechanisms. Impaired bacterial phagocytosis in exposed human alveolar macrophages possibly mediates several HAP-related health effects. Lung pathological findings in HAP-exposed individuals demonstrate greater small airways fibrosis and less emphysema compared with cigarette smokers. Field studies using questionnaires, air pollution monitoring and/or biomarkers are needed to better establish human risks. Some, but not all, studies suggest that improving cookstove efficiency or venting emissions may be associated with reduced respiratory symptoms, lung function decline in women and severe pneumonia in children. Current studies focus on fuel switching, stove technology replacements or upgrades and air filter devices. Several governments have initiated major programmes to accelerate the upgrade from solid fuels to clean fuels, particularly liquid petroleum gas, which provides research opportunities for the respiratory health community.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akshay Sood
- University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Nour A Assad
- University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Peter J Barnes
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Andrew Churg
- University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | | | - Kevin S Harrod
- University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Hammad Irshad
- Lovelace Respiratory Research Institute, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | | | | | - Paula Meek
- University of Colorado at Denver, Denver, CO, USA
| | | | | | | | - Kirk R Smith
- University of California School of Public Health, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | | | - Tony Ward
- University of Montana, Missoula, MT, USA
| | - John Balmes
- University of California School of Public Health, Berkeley, CA, USA.,University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
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Bonvini SJ, Belvisi MG. Cough and airway disease: The role of ion channels. Pulm Pharmacol Ther 2017; 47:21-28. [PMID: 28669932 DOI: 10.1016/j.pupt.2017.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2017] [Revised: 06/27/2017] [Accepted: 06/29/2017] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Cough is the most common reason for patients to visit a primary care physician, yet it remains an unmet medical need. It can be idiopathic in nature but can also be a troublesome symptom across chronic lung diseases such as asthma, COPD and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). Chronic cough affects up to 12% of the population and yet there are no safe and effective therapies. The cough reflex is regulated by vagal, sensory afferent nerves which innervate the airway. The Transient Receptor Potential (TRP) family of ion channels are expressed on sensory nerve terminals, and when activated can evoke cough. This review focuses on the role of 4 TRP channels; TRP Vannilloid 1 (TRPV1), TRP Ankyrin 1 (TRPA1), TRP Vannilloid 4 (TRPV4) and TRP Melastatin 8 (TRPM8) and the purinergic P2X3 receptor and their possible role in chronic cough. We conclude that these ion channels, given their expression profile and their role in the activation of sensory afferents and the cough reflex, may represent excellent therapeutic targets for the treatment of respiratory symptoms in chronic lung disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara J Bonvini
- Respiratory Pharmacology Group, Airway Disease Section, National Heart & Lung Institute, Imperial College, Exhibition Road, London SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Maria G Belvisi
- Respiratory Pharmacology Group, Airway Disease Section, National Heart & Lung Institute, Imperial College, Exhibition Road, London SW7 2AZ, UK.
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TRPA1-FGFR2 binding event is a regulatory oncogenic driver modulated by miRNA-142-3p. Nat Commun 2017; 8:947. [PMID: 29038531 PMCID: PMC5643494 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-017-00983-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2016] [Accepted: 08/08/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent evidence suggests that the ion channel TRPA1 is implicated in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD), where its role and mechanism of action remain unknown. We have previously established that the membrane receptor FGFR2 drives LUAD progression through aberrant protein–protein interactions mediated via its C-terminal proline-rich motif. Here we report that the N-terminal ankyrin repeats of TRPA1 directly bind to the C-terminal proline-rich motif of FGFR2 inducing the constitutive activation of the receptor, thereby prompting LUAD progression and metastasis. Furthermore, we show that upon metastasis to the brain, TRPA1 gets depleted, an effect triggered by the transfer of TRPA1-targeting exosomal microRNA (miRNA-142-3p) from brain astrocytes to cancer cells. This downregulation, in turn, inhibits TRPA1-mediated activation of FGFR2, hindering the metastatic process. Our study reveals a direct binding event and characterizes the role of TRPA1 ankyrin repeats in regulating FGFR2-driven oncogenic process; a mechanism that is hindered by miRNA-142-3p. TRPA1 has been reported to contribute lung cancer adenocarcinoma (LUAD), but the mechanisms are unclear. Here the authors propose that TRPA1/FGFR2 interaction is functional in LUAD and show that astrocytes oppose brain metastasis by mediating the downregulation of TRPA1 through exosome-delivered miRNA-142-3p.
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Lamb JG, Romero EG, Lu Z, Marcus SK, Peterson HC, Veranth JM, Deering-Rice CE, Reilly CA. Activation of Human Transient Receptor Potential Melastatin-8 (TRPM8) by Calcium-Rich Particulate Materials and Effects on Human Lung Cells. Mol Pharmacol 2017; 92:653-664. [PMID: 29038158 DOI: 10.1124/mol.117.109959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2017] [Accepted: 10/11/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
To better understand how adverse health effects are caused by exposure to particulate materials, and to develop preventative measures, it is important to identify the properties of particles and molecular targets that link exposure with specific biologic outcomes. Coal fly ash (CFA) is a by-product of coal combustion that can affect human health. We report that human transient receptor potential melastatin-8 (TRPM8) and an N-terminally truncated TRPM8 variant (TRPM8-Δ801) are activated by CFA and calcium-rich nanoparticles and/or soluble salts within CFA. TRPM8 activation by CFA was potentiated by cold temperature involving the phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate binding residue (L1008), but was independent of the icilin and menthol binding site residue Y745 and, essentially, the N-terminal amino acids 1-800. CFA, calcium nanoparticles, and calcium salts also activated transient receptor potential vanilloid-1 (TRPV1) and transient receptor potential ankyrin-1 (TRPA1), but not TRPV4. CFA treatment induced CXCL1 and interleukin-8 mRNA in BEAS-2B and primary human bronchial epithelial cells through activation of both TRPM8 and TRPV1. However, neither mouse nor rat TRPM8 was activated by these materials, and Trpm8 knockout had no effect on cytokine induction in the lungs of CFA-instilled mice. Amino acids S921 and S927 in mouse Trpm8 were identified as important for the lack of response to CFA. These results imply that TRPM8, in conjunction with TRPV1 and TRPA1, might sense selected forms of inhaled particulate materials in human airways, shaping cellular responses to these materials, and improving our understanding of how and why certain particulate materials elicit different responses in biologic systems, affecting human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- John G Lamb
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Center for Human Toxicology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Erin G Romero
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Center for Human Toxicology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Zhenyu Lu
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Center for Human Toxicology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Seychelle K Marcus
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Center for Human Toxicology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Hannah C Peterson
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Center for Human Toxicology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - John M Veranth
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Center for Human Toxicology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Cassandra E Deering-Rice
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Center for Human Toxicology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Christopher A Reilly
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Center for Human Toxicology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
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Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and asthma are both common respiratory diseases that are associated with airflow reduction/obstruction and pulmonary inflammation. Whilst drug therapies offer adequate symptom control for many mild to moderate asthmatic patients, severe asthmatics and COPD patients symptoms are often not controlled, and in these cases, irreversible structural damage occurs with disease progression over time. Transient receptor potential (TRP) channels, in particular TRPV1, TRPA1, TRPV4 and TRPM8, have been implicated with roles in the regulation of inflammation and autonomic nervous control of the lungs. Evidence suggests that inflammation elevates levels of activators and sensitisers of TRP channels and additionally that TRP channel expression may be increased, resulting in excessive channel activation. The enhanced activity of these channels is thought to then play a key role in the propagation and maintenance of the inflammatory disease state and neuronal symptoms such as bronchoconstriction and cough. For TRPM8 the evidence is less clear, but as with TRPV1, TRPA1 and TRPV4, antagonists are being developed by multiple companies for indications including asthma and COPD, which will help in elucidating their role in respiratory disease.
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Muraki K, Sekine T, Ando Y, Suzuki H, Hatano N, Hirata T, Muraki Y. An environmental pollutant, 9,10-phenanthrenequinone, activates human TRPA1 via critical cysteines 621 and 665. Pharmacol Res Perspect 2017; 5. [PMID: 28805980 PMCID: PMC5684862 DOI: 10.1002/prp2.342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2017] [Revised: 05/30/2017] [Accepted: 06/13/2017] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Transient receptor potential ankyrin 1 (TRPA1) is activated by noxious cold, mechanical stimulation, and irritant chemicals. In our recent study, 9, 10‐phenanthrenequinone (9,10‐PQ) is the most potent irritant for activation of NRF2 among 1395 cigarette smoke components and it may be, therefore, important to find its additional targets. Here, we show that 9,10‐PQ functions as an activator of TRPA1 in human embryonic kidney (HEK) cells expressing human wild‐type TRPA1 (HEK‐wTRPA1) and human alveolar A549 (A549) cells. Application of 9,10‐PQ at 0.1–10 μmol/L induced a concentration‐dependent Ca2+ response as well as inward currents at −50 mV in HEK‐wTRPA1 cells. The current response was blocked by TRPA1 antagonists, HC‐030031 (HC) and A‐967079. To test whether 9,10‐PQ affects the cysteine residues of TRPA1, we expressed mutant TRPA1 channels in HEK cells (HEK‐muTRPA1) in which six different cysteine residues were replaced with serine. Among them, a mutation of cysteine 621 (C621S) abolished the 9,10‐PQ‐induced Ca2+ and current responses. The channel activity induced by 9,10‐PQ was also abolished in excised inside‐out patches isolated from HEK‐muTRPA1 cells with the C621S substitution. Although a mutation of cysteine 665 (C665S) reduced the 9,10‐PQ‐induced response, channel sensitization by pretreatment with Cu2+ plus 1,10‐phenanthroline and by internal dialysis of 3 μmol/L Ca2+ restored the response. However, a double mutant with C621S and C665S substitutions had little response to 9,10‐PQ, even when sensitized by Ca2+ dialysis. In A549 cells, 9,10‐PQ induced an HC‐sensitive Ca2+ response. Our findings demonstrate that 9,10‐PQ activation of human TRA1 is dependent on cysteine residues 621 and 665.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katsuhiko Muraki
- Laboratory of Cellular Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Aichi-Gakuin University, 1-100 Kusumoto, Chikusa, Nagoya, 464-8650, Japan
| | - Takashi Sekine
- Laboratory of Cellular Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Aichi-Gakuin University, 1-100 Kusumoto, Chikusa, Nagoya, 464-8650, Japan.,R&D Group, Tobacco Business Headquarters, Scientific Product Assessment Center, Japan Tobacco Inc., Yokohama, 227-8512, Japan
| | - Yuna Ando
- Laboratory of Cellular Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Aichi-Gakuin University, 1-100 Kusumoto, Chikusa, Nagoya, 464-8650, Japan
| | - Hiroka Suzuki
- Laboratory of Cellular Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Aichi-Gakuin University, 1-100 Kusumoto, Chikusa, Nagoya, 464-8650, Japan
| | - Noriyuki Hatano
- Laboratory of Cellular Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Aichi-Gakuin University, 1-100 Kusumoto, Chikusa, Nagoya, 464-8650, Japan
| | - Tadashi Hirata
- R&D Group, Tobacco Business Headquarters, Scientific Product Assessment Center, Japan Tobacco Inc., Yokohama, 227-8512, Japan
| | - Yukiko Muraki
- Laboratory of Cellular Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Aichi-Gakuin University, 1-100 Kusumoto, Chikusa, Nagoya, 464-8650, Japan
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40
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Busby LD. A Comparison of Multiple Chemical Sensitivity with Other Hypersensitivity Illnesses Suggests Evidence and a Path to Answers. ECOPSYCHOLOGY 2017. [DOI: 10.1089/eco.2017.0003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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Achanta S, Jordt SE. TRPA1: Acrolein meets its target. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2017; 324:45-50. [PMID: 28284857 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2017.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2017] [Accepted: 03/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Satyanarayana Achanta
- Department of Anesthesiology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, United States
| | - Sven-Eric Jordt
- Department of Anesthesiology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, United States; Yale Tobacco Center of Regulatory Science (TCORS), Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06519, United States.
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Sato R, Gui P, Ito K, Kohzuki M, Ebihara S. Effect of Short-Term Exposure to High Particulate Levels on Cough Reflex Sensitivity in Healthy Tourists: A Pilot Study. Open Respir Med J 2016; 10:96-104. [PMID: 28217195 PMCID: PMC5299579 DOI: 10.2174/1874306401610010096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2016] [Revised: 12/05/2016] [Accepted: 12/05/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies have reported a relationship between particulate air pollution and respiratory symptoms or decline in lung function, but information about acute effects of short-term exposure to airborne particulate matter (PM) on cough and pulmonary function is scarce. OBJECTIVE To investigate the effect of short-term exposure to high concentrations of PM on the cough reflex threshold, urge-to-cough, pulmonary function, and cough-related quality of life in a group of healthy non-resident volunteers visiting Beijing, China. METHODS Seventeen healthy residents of Sendai, Japan, who planned to attend a meeting in Beijing, were recruited. We checked local air quality and measured cough reflex thresholds, urge-to-cough, pulmonary function, and Leicester Cough Questionnaire-acute (LCQ-acute) scores in the volunteers before, during, and after their trip to Beijing. RESULTS The PM2.5 and PM10 concentrations in Beijing were significantly higher than those in Japan on the measurement days. Cough reflex thresholds, expressed as nebulized citric acid concentrations required to induce ≥ 2 and ≥ 5 coughs, were significantly lower during the stay in Beijing than before or after the visit. Vital capacity, forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1), forced vital capacity (FVC), and FEV1/FVC were significantly lower during the stay in Beijing than before the trip. Similarly, the urge-to-cough threshold was significantly lower during the stay in Beijing than after the trip, as was the total LCQ-acute score. CONCLUSION We tentatively concluded that short-term exposure to high PM concentrations may have adverse effects on cough reflex and urge-to-cough thresholds, pulmonary function, and cough-related quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryuhei Sato
- Department of Internal Medicine and Rehabilitation Science, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Seiryo-machi 1-1, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8574, Japan; Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Toho University Graduate School of Medicine, Omori-nishi 6-11-1, Ota-ku, Tokyo 143-8541, Japan; Department of Critical Care Nursing, School of Human Health Science, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Shogoin Kawahara-cho 53, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Peijun Gui
- Department of Internal Medicine and Rehabilitation Science, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Seiryo-machi 1-1, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8574, Japan
| | - Kumiko Ito
- Department of Internal Medicine and Rehabilitation Science, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Seiryo-machi 1-1, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8574, Japan
| | - Masahiro Kohzuki
- Department of Internal Medicine and Rehabilitation Science, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Seiryo-machi 1-1, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8574, Japan
| | - Satoru Ebihara
- Department of Internal Medicine and Rehabilitation Science, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Seiryo-machi 1-1, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8574, Japan; Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Toho University Graduate School of Medicine, Omori-nishi 6-11-1, Ota-ku, Tokyo 143-8541, Japan
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Adetona O, Reinhardt TE, Domitrovich J, Broyles G, Adetona AM, Kleinman MT, Ottmar RD, Naeher LP. Review of the health effects of wildland fire smoke on wildland firefighters and the public. Inhal Toxicol 2016; 28:95-139. [PMID: 26915822 DOI: 10.3109/08958378.2016.1145771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Each year, the general public and wildland firefighters in the US are exposed to smoke from wildland fires. As part of an effort to characterize health risks of breathing this smoke, a review of the literature was conducted using five major databases, including PubMed and MEDLINE Web of Knowledge, to identify smoke components that present the highest hazard potential, the mechanisms of toxicity, review epidemiological studies for health effects and identify the current gap in knowledge on the health impacts of wildland fire smoke exposure. Respiratory events measured in time series studies as incidences of disease-caused mortality, hospital admissions, emergency room visits and symptoms in asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients are the health effects that are most commonly associated with community level exposure to wildland fire smoke. A few recent studies have also determined associations between acute wildland fire smoke exposure and cardiovascular health end-points. These cardiopulmonary effects were mostly observed in association with ambient air concentrations of fine particulate matter (PM2.5). However, research on the health effects of this mixture is currently limited. The health effects of acute exposures beyond susceptible populations and the effects of chronic exposures experienced by the wildland firefighter are largely unknown. Longitudinal studies of wildland firefighters during and/or after the firefighting career could help elucidate some of the unknown health impacts of cumulative exposure to wildland fire smoke, establish occupational exposure limits and help determine the types of exposure controls that may be applicable to the occupation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olorunfemi Adetona
- a Department of Environmental Health Science , College of Public Health, University of Georgia , Athens , GA , USA .,b Division of Environmental Health Sciences , College of Public Health, the Ohio State University , Columbus , OH , USA
| | - Timothy E Reinhardt
- c AMEC Foster Wheeler Environment & Infrastructure, Inc , Seattle , WA , USA
| | - Joe Domitrovich
- d USDA Forest Service, Missoula Technology and Development Center , Missoula , MT , USA
| | - George Broyles
- e SDA Forest Service, San Dimas Technology and Development Center , San Dimas , CA , USA
| | - Anna M Adetona
- a Department of Environmental Health Science , College of Public Health, University of Georgia , Athens , GA , USA
| | - Michael T Kleinman
- f Center for Occupational and Environmental Health, University of California , Irvine , CA , USA , and
| | - Roger D Ottmar
- g USDA Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station , Seattle , WA , USA
| | - Luke P Naeher
- a Department of Environmental Health Science , College of Public Health, University of Georgia , Athens , GA , USA
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Tonello R, Fusi C, Materazzi S, Marone IM, De Logu F, Benemei S, Gonçalves MC, Coppi E, Castro-Junior CJ, Gomez MV, Geppetti P, Ferreira J, Nassini R. The peptide Phα1β, from spider venom, acts as a TRPA1 channel antagonist with antinociceptive effects in mice. Br J Pharmacol 2016; 174:57-69. [PMID: 27759880 DOI: 10.1111/bph.13652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2015] [Revised: 09/07/2016] [Accepted: 10/06/2016] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Peptides from venomous animals have long been important for understanding pain mechanisms and for the discovery of pain treatments. Here, we hypothesized that Phα1β, a peptide from the venom of the armed spider Phoneutria nigriventer, produces analgesia by blocking the TRPA1 channel. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH Cultured rat dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons, human fetal lung fibroblasts (IMR90) or HEK293 cells expressing the human TRPA1 (hTRPA1-HEK293), human TRPV1 (hTRPV1-HEK293) or human TRPV4 channels (hTRPV4-HEK293), were used for calcium imaging and electrophysiology. Nociceptive responses induced by TRPA1, TRPV1 or TRPV4 agonists or by bortezomib were investigated in mice. KEY RESULTS Phα1β selectively inhibited calcium responses and currents evoked by the TRPA1 agonist, allyl isothiocyanate (AITC), on hTRPA1-HEK293, IMR90 fibroblasts and DRG neurons. Phα1β did not affect calcium responses evoked by selective TRPV1 (capsaicin) or TRPV4 (GSK 1016790A) agonists on the various cell types. Intrathecal (i.t.) and intraplantar (i.pl.) administration of low doses of Phα1β (up to 300 pmol per paw) attenuated acute nociception and mechanical and cold hyperalgesia evoked by AITC (i.t. or i.pl.), without affecting responses produced by capsaicin or hypotonic solution. Notably, Phα1β abated the TRPA1-dependent neuropathic pain-like responses induced by bortezomib. In vitro and in vivo inhibition of TRPA1 by Phα1β was reproduced by a recombinant form of the peptide, CTK 01512-2. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS Phα1β and CTK 01512-2 selectively target TRPA1, but not other TRP channels. This specific action underlines the potential of Phα1β and CTK 01512-2 for pain treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raquel Tonello
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica Toxicológica, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil.,Departmento de Farmacologia, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - Camilla Fusi
- Department of Health Sciences, Section of Clinical Pharmacology and Oncology, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Serena Materazzi
- Department of Health Sciences, Section of Clinical Pharmacology and Oncology, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Ilaria M Marone
- Department of Health Sciences, Section of Clinical Pharmacology and Oncology, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Francesco De Logu
- Department of Health Sciences, Section of Clinical Pharmacology and Oncology, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Silvia Benemei
- Department of Health Sciences, Section of Clinical Pharmacology and Oncology, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Muryel C Gonçalves
- Department of Health Sciences, Section of Clinical Pharmacology and Oncology, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Coppi
- Department of Health Sciences, Section of Clinical Pharmacology and Oncology, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Celio J Castro-Junior
- Núcleo de Pós-graduação, Instituto de Ensino e Pesquisa da Santa Casa de Belo Horizonte, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Marcus Vinicius Gomez
- Núcleo de Pós-graduação, Instituto de Ensino e Pesquisa da Santa Casa de Belo Horizonte, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Pierangelo Geppetti
- Department of Health Sciences, Section of Clinical Pharmacology and Oncology, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Juliano Ferreira
- Departmento de Farmacologia, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - Romina Nassini
- Department of Health Sciences, Section of Clinical Pharmacology and Oncology, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
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Blocking TRPA1 in Respiratory Disorders: Does It Hold a Promise? Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2016; 9:ph9040070. [PMID: 27827953 PMCID: PMC5198045 DOI: 10.3390/ph9040070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2016] [Revised: 09/23/2016] [Accepted: 09/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Transient Receptor Potential Ankyrin 1 (TRPA1) ion channel is expressed abundantly on the C fibers that innervate almost entire respiratory tract starting from oral cavity and oropharynx, conducting airways in the trachea, bronchi, terminal bronchioles, respiratory bronchioles and upto alveolar ducts and alveoli. Functional presence of TRPA1 on non-neuronal cells got recognized recently. TRPA1 plays a well-recognized role of “chemosensor”, detecting presence of exogenous irritants and endogenous pro-inflammatory mediators that are implicated in airway inflammation and sensory symptoms like chronic cough, asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), allergic rhinitis and cystic fibrosis. TRPA1 can remain activated chronically due to elevated levels and continued presence of such endogenous ligands and pro-inflammatory mediators. Several selective TRPA1 antagonists have been tested in animal models of respiratory disease and their performance is very promising. Although there is no TRPA1 antagonist in advanced clinical trials or approved on market yet to treat respiratory diseases, however, limited but promising evidences available so far indicate likelihood that targeting TRPA1 may present a new therapy in treatment of respiratory diseases in near future. This review will focus on in vitro, animal and human evidences that strengthen the proposed role of TRPA1 in modulation of specific airway sensory responses and also on preclinical and clinical progress of selected TRPA1 antagonists.
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Deering-Rice CE, Stockmann C, Romero EG, Lu Z, Shapiro D, Stone BL, Fassl B, Nkoy F, Uchida DA, Ward RM, Veranth JM, Reilly CA. Characterization of Transient Receptor Potential Vanilloid-1 (TRPV1) Variant Activation by Coal Fly Ash Particles and Associations with Altered Transient Receptor Potential Ankyrin-1 (TRPA1) Expression and Asthma. J Biol Chem 2016; 291:24866-24879. [PMID: 27758864 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m116.746156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2016] [Revised: 09/29/2016] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Transient receptor potential (TRP) channels are activated by environmental particulate materials. We hypothesized that polymorphic variants of transient receptor potential vanilloid-1 (TRPV1) would be uniquely responsive to insoluble coal fly ash compared with the prototypical soluble agonist capsaicin. Furthermore, these changes would manifest as differences in lung cell responses to these agonists and perhaps correlate with changes in asthma symptom control. The TRPV1-I315M and -T469I variants were more responsive to capsaicin and coal fly ash. The I585V variant was less responsive to coal fly ash particles due to reduced translation of protein and an apparent role for Ile-585 in activation by particles. In HEK-293 cells, I585V had an inhibitory effect on wild-type TRPV1 expression, activation, and internalization/agonist-induced desensitization. In normal human bronchial epithelial cells, IL-8 secretion in response to coal fly ash treatment was reduced for cells heterozygous for TRPV1-I585V. Finally, both the I315M and I585V variants were associated with worse asthma symptom control with the effects of I315M manifesting in mild asthma and those of the I585V variant manifesting in severe, steroid-insensitive individuals. This effect may be due in part to increased transient receptor potential ankyrin-1 (TRPA1) expression by lung epithelial cells expressing the TRPV1-I585V variant. These findings suggest that specific molecular interactions control TRPV1 activation by particles, differential activation, and desensitization of TRPV1 by particles and/or other agonists, and cellular changes in the expression of TRPA1 as a result of I585V expression could contribute to variations in asthma symptom control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cassandra E Deering-Rice
- From the Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112 and
| | - Chris Stockmann
- From the Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112 and
| | - Erin G Romero
- From the Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112 and
| | - Zhenyu Lu
- From the Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112 and
| | - Darien Shapiro
- From the Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112 and
| | - Bryan L Stone
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah 84108
| | - Bernhard Fassl
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah 84108
| | - Flory Nkoy
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah 84108
| | - Derek A Uchida
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah 84108
| | - Robert M Ward
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah 84108
| | - John M Veranth
- From the Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112 and
| | - Christopher A Reilly
- From the Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112 and
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Associations of Cough Prevalence with Ambient Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons, Nitrogen and Sulphur Dioxide: A Longitudinal Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2016; 13:ijerph13080800. [PMID: 27517941 PMCID: PMC4997486 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph13080800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2016] [Revised: 08/03/2016] [Accepted: 08/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Information on potential cough triggers including environmental irritants is vital for successful management of chronic cough in patients. We investigated the relationship between ambient levels of particulate polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH), nitrogen dioxide (NO₂) and sulphur dioxide (SO₂) exposures with cough prevalence. Eighty-three adult patients, who had been physician diagnosed with at least asthma, cough variant asthma and/or atopic cough, were divided into asthma and non-asthma groups. They recorded daily cough symptoms during 4 January-30 June 2011 study period while daily samples of total suspended particles were simultaneously collected by use of glass fiber filters and the particulate PAH content determined by high performance liquid chromatography coupled with a fluorescence detector. Ambient concentrations of NO₂ and SO₂ were obtained from a local monitoring site. Logistic regression models using generalized estimating equations were used to determine population-averaged estimates of association between cough prevalence and ambient pollutant exposures for the two groups. Fully adjusted odds ratios from single pollutant models were 1.083 (95% confidence interval (CI): 1.029, 1.140) and 1.097 (95% CI: 1.016, 1.185) per 0.57 ng/m³ for lag2 PAH exposure, while only for asthma group had significant associations with NO₂ and SO₂ exposures for both lag2 and lag02. Similar associations were observed in multipollutant models. This finding suggests that ambient PAH, NO₂, and SO₂ exposure even at low levels is related to cough prevalence in adult chronic cough patients and may be considered as aggravating factor during clinical management of the condition.
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Olloquequi J, Silva O R. Biomass smoke as a risk factor for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: effects on innate immunity. Innate Immun 2016; 22:373-81. [PMID: 27226464 DOI: 10.1177/1753425916650272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2015] [Accepted: 04/24/2016] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), a major cause of mortality and morbidity worldwide, is considered an archetypical disease of innate immunity, where inhaled particles and gases trigger an inflammatory response, favoring tissue proliferation in small airways and tissue destruction in lung parenchyma, in addition to the recruitment of immune cells to these compartments. Although cigarette smoking is still considered the main risk factor for developing COPD, the trend of proposing biomass smoke (BS) exposure as a principal risk factor is gaining importance, as around 3 billion people worldwide are exposed to this pollutant daily. A considerable amount of evidence has shown the potential of BS as an enhancer of lung inflammation. However, an impairment of some innate immune responses after BS exposure has also been described. Regarding the mechanisms by which biomass smoke alters the innate immune responses, three main classes of cell surface receptors-the TLRs, the scavenger receptors and the transient receptor potential channels-have shown the ability to transduce signals initiated after BS exposure. This article is an updated and comprehensive review of the immunomodulatory effects described after the interaction of BS components with these receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordi Olloquequi
- Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Talca, Chile
| | - Rafael Silva O
- Unidad de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Hospital Regional de Talca, Región del Maule, Chile
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Mustard vesicant-induced lung injury: Advances in therapy. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2016; 305:1-11. [PMID: 27212445 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2016.05.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2016] [Accepted: 05/18/2016] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Most mortality and morbidity following exposure to vesicants such as sulfur mustard is due to pulmonary toxicity. Acute injury is characterized by epithelial detachment and necrosis in the pharynx, trachea and bronchioles, while long-term consequences include fibrosis and, in some instances, cancer. Current therapies to treat mustard poisoning are primarily palliative and do not target underlying pathophysiologic mechanisms. New knowledge about vesicant-induced pulmonary disease pathogenesis has led to the identification of potentially efficacious strategies to reduce injury by targeting inflammatory cells and mediators including reactive oxygen and nitrogen species, proteases and proinflammatory/cytotoxic cytokines. Therapeutics under investigation include corticosteroids, N-acetyl cysteine, which has both mucolytic and antioxidant properties, inducible nitric oxide synthase inhibitors, liposomes containing superoxide dismutase, catalase, and/or tocopherols, protease inhibitors, and cytokine antagonists such as anti-tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α antibody and pentoxifylline. Antifibrotic and fibrinolytic treatments may also prove beneficial in ameliorating airway obstruction and lung remodeling. More speculative approaches include inhibitors of transient receptor potential channels, which regulate pulmonary epithelial cell membrane permeability, non-coding RNAs and mesenchymal stem cells. As mustards represent high priority chemical threat agents, identification of effective therapeutics for mitigating toxicity is highly significant.
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50
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De Logu F, Patacchini R, Fontana G, Geppetti P. TRP functions in the broncho-pulmonary system. Semin Immunopathol 2016; 38:321-9. [PMID: 27083925 DOI: 10.1007/s00281-016-0557-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2015] [Accepted: 02/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The current understanding of the role of transient receptor potential (TRP) channels in the airways and lung was initially based on the localization of a series of such channels in a subset of sensory nerve fibers of the respiratory tract. Soon after, TRP channel expression and function have been identified in respiratory nonneuronal cells. In these two locations, TRPs regulate physiological processes aimed at integrating different stimuli to maintain homeostasis and to react to harmful agents and tissue injury by building up inflammatory responses and repair processes. There is no doubt that TRPs localized in the sensory network contribute to airway neurogenic inflammation, and emerging evidence underlines the role of nonneuronal TRPs in orchestrating inflammation and repair in the respiratory tract. However, recent basic and clinical studies have offered clues regarding the contribution of neuronal and nonneuronal TRPs in the mechanism of asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, cough, and other respiratory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco De Logu
- Clinical Pharmacology Unit, Department of Health Sciences, University of Florence, Viale Pieraccini, 6, 50139, Florence, Italy
| | - Riccardo Patacchini
- Clinical Pharmacology Unit, Department of Health Sciences, University of Florence, Viale Pieraccini, 6, 50139, Florence, Italy
- Chiesi Farmaceutici S.p.A, Parma, Italy
| | - Giovanni Fontana
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Pierangelo Geppetti
- Clinical Pharmacology Unit, Department of Health Sciences, University of Florence, Viale Pieraccini, 6, 50139, Florence, Italy.
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