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Liu C, Zhong M, Jin X, Zhu J, Cheng Y, Li L, Xu Q, Liu Q, Ding H, Zhang G. Sleeve gastrectomy links the attenuation of diabetic kidney disease to the inhibition of renal tubular ferroptosis through down-regulating TGF-β1/Smad3 signaling pathway. J Endocrinol Invest 2024:10.1007/s40618-023-02267-1. [PMID: 38512446 DOI: 10.1007/s40618-023-02267-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate how sleeve gastrectomy (SG), a typical operation of bariatric surgery, attenuated symptom, and progression of diabetic kidney disease (DKD). METHODS DKD model was induced by high-fat diet (HFD) combined with streptozocin in Wistar rats. SG was performed, and the group subjected to sham surgery served as control. The animals were euthanized 12 weeks after surgery, followed by sample collection for the subsequent experiment. The HK-2, a renal proximal tubular epithelial cell line derived from human, was utilized to investigate the potential mechanisms. RESULTS SG improved metabolic parameters and glucose homeostasis, and could alleviate DKD in terms of renal function indices as well as histological and morphological structures in DM rats, accompanied with a significant reduction in renal tubular injury. Compared with sham group, SG reduced the renal tubular ferroptosis. To further clarify the mechanism involved, in vitro experiments were performed. In the presence of high glucose, renal tubular TGF-β1 secretion was significantly increased in HK-2 cell line, which led to activation of ferroptosis through TGF-β1/Smad3 signaling pathway. Inhibition of TGF-β1 receptor and phosphorylation of Smad3 significantly ameliorated TGF-β1-mediated ferroptosis. In vivo experiments also found that SG improved the hyperglycemic environment, reduced renal TGF-β1 concentrations, and down-regulated the TGF-β1/Smad3 signaling pathway. CONCLUSIONS With the capacity to lower the glucose, SG could attenuate the ferroptosis by inhibiting TGF-β1/Smad3 signaling pathway in DKD rats, and eventually attenuated DKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Liu
- Department of General Surgery, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250014, China
| | - M Zhong
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, No. 16766 Jingshi Road, Jinan, 250014, Shandong, China
| | - X Jin
- Department of General Surgery, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250014, China
| | - J Zhu
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, No. 16766 Jingshi Road, Jinan, 250014, Shandong, China
| | - Y Cheng
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, No. 16766 Jingshi Road, Jinan, 250014, Shandong, China
| | - L Li
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, No. 16766 Jingshi Road, Jinan, 250014, Shandong, China
| | - Q Xu
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, No. 16766 Jingshi Road, Jinan, 250014, Shandong, China
| | - Q Liu
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, No. 16766 Jingshi Road, Jinan, 250014, Shandong, China
| | - H Ding
- Department of General Surgery, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250014, China
| | - G Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250014, China.
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, No. 16766 Jingshi Road, Jinan, 250014, Shandong, China.
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Lv S, Fan L, Chen X, Su X, Dong L, Wang Q, Wang Y, Zhang H, Cui H, Zhang S, Wang L. Jian-Pi-Gu-Shen-Hua-Yu Decoction Alleviated Diabetic Nephropathy in Mice through Reducing Ferroptosis. J Diabetes Res 2024; 2024:9990304. [PMID: 38523631 PMCID: PMC10960652 DOI: 10.1155/2024/9990304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Revised: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Diabetic nephropathy (DN), one of the most frequent complications of diabetes mellitus, is a leading cause of end-stage renal disease. However, the current treatment methods still cannot effectively halt the progression of DN. Jian-Pi-Gu-Shen-Hua-Yu (JPGS) decoction can be used for the treatment of chronic kidney diseases such as DN, but the specific mechanism of action has not been fully elucidated yet. Purpose The aim of this study is to clarify whether JPGS alleviates the progression of diabetic nephropathy by inhibiting ferroptosis. Materials and Methods We established a DN mouse model to investigate the therapeutic effect of JPGS in a DN mouse model. Subsequently, we examined the effects of JPGS on ferroptosis- and glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) pathway-related indices. Finally, we validated whether JPGS inhibited ferroptosis in DN mice via the GPX4 pathway using GPX4 inhibitor and ferroptosis inhibitors. Results The results indicate that JPGS has a therapeutic effect on DN mice by improving kidney function and reducing inflammation. Additionally, JPGS treatment decreased iron overload and oxidative stress levels while upregulating the expression of GPX4 pathway-related proteins. Moreover, JPGS demonstrated a similar therapeutic effect as Fer-1 in the context of DN treatment, and RSL3 was able to counteract the therapeutic effect of JPGS and antiferroptotic effect. Conclusion JPGS has significant therapeutic and anti-inflammatory effects on DN mice, and its mechanism is mainly achieved by upregulating the expression of GPX4 pathway-related proteins, thereby alleviating iron overload and ultimately reducing ferroptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuquan Lv
- Cangzhou Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese Medicine and Western Medicine of Hebei, Cangzhou 061012, Hebei, China
| | - Lirong Fan
- Botou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Botou 062154, Hebei, China
| | - Xiaoting Chen
- Cangzhou Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese Medicine and Western Medicine of Hebei, Cangzhou 061012, Hebei, China
| | - Xiuhai Su
- Cangzhou Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese Medicine and Western Medicine of Hebei, Cangzhou 061012, Hebei, China
| | - Li Dong
- Cangzhou Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese Medicine and Western Medicine of Hebei, Cangzhou 061012, Hebei, China
| | - Qinghai Wang
- Cangzhou Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese Medicine and Western Medicine of Hebei, Cangzhou 061012, Hebei, China
| | - Yuansong Wang
- Cangzhou Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese Medicine and Western Medicine of Hebei, Cangzhou 061012, Hebei, China
| | - Hui Zhang
- Cangzhou Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese Medicine and Western Medicine of Hebei, Cangzhou 061012, Hebei, China
| | - Huantian Cui
- Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming 650500, Yunnan, China
| | - Shufang Zhang
- Cangzhou Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese Medicine and Western Medicine of Hebei, Cangzhou 061012, Hebei, China
| | - Lixin Wang
- Cangzhou Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese Medicine and Western Medicine of Hebei, Cangzhou 061012, Hebei, China
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Ghaffari-Nasab A, Ghiasi F, Keyhanmanesh R, Roshangar L, Salmani Korjan E, Nazarpoor N, Mirzaei Bavil F. Bone marrow-derived c-kit positive stem cell administration protects against diabetes-induced nephropathy in a rat model by reversing PI3K/AKT/GSK-3β pathway and inhibiting cell apoptosis. Mol Cell Biochem 2024; 479:603-615. [PMID: 37129768 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-023-04750-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Stem cell-based therapy has been proposed as a novel therapeutic strategy for diabetic nephropathy. This study was designed to evaluate the effect of systemic administration of rat bone marrow-derived c-kit positive (c-kit+) cells on diabetic nephropathy in male rats, focusing on PI3K/AKT/GSK-3β pathway and apoptosis as a possible therapeutic mechanism. Twenty-eight animals were randomly classified into four groups: Control group (C), diabetic group (D), diabetic group, intravenously received 50 μl phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) containing 3 × 105 c-kit- cells (D + ckit-); and diabetic group, intravenously received 50 μl PBS containing 3 × 105 c-Kit positive cells (D + ckit+). Control and diabetic groups intravenously received 50 μl PBS. C-kit+ cell therapy could reduce renal fibrosis, which was associated with attenuation of inflammation as indicated by decreased TNF-α and IL-6 levels in the kidney tissue. In addition, c-kit+ cells restored the expression levels of PI3K, pAKT, and GSK-3β proteins. Furthermore, renal apoptosis was decreased following c-kit+ cell therapy, evidenced by the lower apoptotic index in parallel with the increased Bcl-2 and decreased Bax and Caspase-3 levels. Our results showed that in contrast to c-kit- cells, the administration of c-kit+ cells ameliorate diabetic nephropathy and suggested that c-kit+ cells could be an alternative cell source for attenuating diabetic nephropathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arshad Ghaffari-Nasab
- Faculty of Medicine, Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Golgasht Street, Tabriz, 51666-14766, Iran
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Fariba Ghiasi
- Faculty of Medicine, Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Golgasht Street, Tabriz, 51666-14766, Iran
| | - Rana Keyhanmanesh
- Faculty of Medicine, Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Golgasht Street, Tabriz, 51666-14766, Iran
| | - Leila Roshangar
- Faculty of Medicine, Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Golgasht Street, Tabriz, 51666-14766, Iran
| | - Elnaz Salmani Korjan
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Navid Nazarpoor
- Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Fariba Mirzaei Bavil
- Faculty of Medicine, Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Golgasht Street, Tabriz, 51666-14766, Iran.
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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Liu D, Song Y, Chen H, You Y, Zhu L, Zhang J, Xu X, Hu J, Huang X, Wu X, Xu X, Jiang S, Du Y. Anti-VEGFR2 F(ab') 2 drug conjugate promotes renal accumulation and glomerular repair in diabetic nephropathy. Nat Commun 2023; 14:8268. [PMID: 38092739 PMCID: PMC10719340 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-43847-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Poor renal distribution of antibody-based drugs is the key factor contributing to low treatment efficiency for renal diseases and side effects. Here, we prepare F(ab')2 fragmented vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 antibody (anti-VEGFR2 (F(ab')2) to block VEGFR2 overactivation in diabetic nephropathy (DN). We find that the anti-VEGFR2 F(ab')2 has a higher accumulation in DN male mice kidneys than the intact VEGFR2 antibody, and simultaneously preserves the binding ability to VEGFR2. Furthermore, we develop an antibody fragment drug conjugate, anti-VEGFR2 F(ab')2-SS31, comprising the anti-VEGFR2 F(ab')2 fragment linked to the mitochondria-targeted antioxidant peptide SS31. We find that introduction of SS31 potentiates the efficacy of anti-VEGFR2 F(ab')2. These findings provide proof of concept for the premise that antibody fragment drug conjugate improves renal distribution and merits drug validation in renal disease therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Liu
- Institute of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, 310058, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yanling Song
- Institute of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, 310058, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hui Chen
- Institute of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, 310058, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yuchan You
- Institute of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, 310058, Hangzhou, China
| | - Luwen Zhu
- Institute of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, 310058, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jucong Zhang
- Institute of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, 310058, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xinyi Xu
- Institute of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, 310058, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jiahao Hu
- Institute of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, 310058, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiajie Huang
- Institute of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, 310058, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaochuan Wu
- Institute of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, 310058, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoling Xu
- Shulan International Medical College, Zhejiang Shuren University, 310015, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Saiping Jiang
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 310003, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Yongzhong Du
- Institute of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, 310058, Hangzhou, China.
- Innovation Center of Translational Pharmacy, Jinhua Institute of Zhejiang University, 321299, Jinhua, China.
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Wu Q, Huang F. LncRNA H19: a novel player in the regulation of diabetic kidney disease. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1238981. [PMID: 37964955 PMCID: PMC10641825 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1238981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetic kidney disease (DKD), one of the most severe complications of diabetes mellitus (DM), has received considerable attention owing to its increasing prevalence and contribution to chronic kidney disease (CKD) and end-stage kidney disease (ESRD). However, the use of drugs targeting DKD remains limited. Recent data suggest that long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play a vital role in the development of DKD. The lncRNA H19 is the first imprinted gene, which is expressed in the embryo and down-regulated at birth, and its role in tumors has long been a subject of controversy, however, in recent years, it has received increasing attention in kidney disease. The LncRNA H19 is engaged in the pathological progression of DKD, including glomerulosclerosis and tubulointerstitial fibrosis via the induction of inflammatory responses, apoptosis, ferroptosis, pyroptosis, autophagy, and oxidative damage. In this review, we highlight the most recent research on the molecular mechanism and regulatory forms of lncRNA H19 in DKD, including epigenetic, post-transcriptional, and post-translational regulation, providing a new predictive marker and therapeutic target for the management of DKD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Fengjuan Huang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
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6
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Liu B, Zhang L, Yang H, Chen X, Zheng H, Liao X. SIK2 protects against renal tubular injury and the progression of diabetic kidney disease. Transl Res 2023; 253:16-30. [PMID: 36075517 DOI: 10.1016/j.trsl.2022.08.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Revised: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Despite optimal medical therapy, many patients with diabetic kidney disease (DKD) progress to end-stage renal disease. The identification of new biomarkers and drug targets for DKD is required for the development of more effective therapies. The apoptosis of renal tubular epithelial cells is a key feature of the pathogenicity associated with DKD. SIK2, a salt-inducible kinase, regulates important biological processes, such as energy metabolism, cell cycle progression and cellular apoptosis. In our current study, a notable decrease in the expression of SIK2 was detected in the renal tubules of DKD patients and murine models. Functional experiments demonstrated that deficiency or inactivity of SIK2 aggravates tubular injury and interstitial fibrosis in diabetic mice. Based on transcriptome sequencing, molecular mechanism exploration revealed that SIK2 overexpression reduces endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-mediated tubular epithelial apoptosis by inhibiting the histone acetyltransferase activity of p300 to activate HSF1/Hsp70. Furthermore, the specific restoration of SIK2 in tubules blunts tubular and interstitial impairments in diabetic and vancomycin-induced kidney disease mice. Together, these findings indicate that SIK2 protects against renal tubular injury and the progression of kidney disease, and make a compelling case for targeting SIK2 for therapy in DKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingyao Liu
- Department of Endocrinology, Chongqing Education Commission Key Laboratory of Diabetic Translational Research, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Linlin Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, Chongqing Education Commission Key Laboratory of Diabetic Translational Research, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Hang Yang
- Department of Endocrinology, Chongqing Education Commission Key Laboratory of Diabetic Translational Research, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xinyu Chen
- Department of Pathology, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Hongting Zheng
- Department of Endocrinology, Chongqing Education Commission Key Laboratory of Diabetic Translational Research, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Army Medical University, Chongqing, China.
| | - Xiaoyu Liao
- Department of Endocrinology, Chongqing Education Commission Key Laboratory of Diabetic Translational Research, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Army Medical University, Chongqing, China.
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Zhou X, Xu C, Dong J, Liao L. Role of renal tubular programed cell death in diabetic kidney disease. Diabetes Metab Res Rev 2023; 39:e3596. [PMID: 36401596 PMCID: PMC10078574 DOI: 10.1002/dmrr.3596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Revised: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The pathogenic mechanism of diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is involved in various functions; however, its inadequate characterisation limits the availability of effective treatments. Tubular damage is closely correlated with renal function and is thought to be the main contributor to the injury observed in early DKD. Programed cell death (PCD) occurs during the biological development of the living body. Accumulating evidence has clarified the fundamental role of abnormalities in tubular PCD during DKD pathogenesis. Among PCD types, classical apoptosis, autophagic cell death, and pyroptosis are the most studied and will be the focus of this review. Our review aims to elucidate the current knowledge of the mechanism of DKD and the potential therapeutic potential of drugs targeting tubular PCD pathways in DKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojun Zhou
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong Key Laboratory of Rheumatic Disease and Translational Medicine, Shandong Institute of Nephrology, Jinan, China
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabology, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Chunmei Xu
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Endocrinology and Lipid Metabolism, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Jinan, China
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Jianjun Dong
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Lin Liao
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong Key Laboratory of Rheumatic Disease and Translational Medicine, Shandong Institute of Nephrology, Jinan, China
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabology, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
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8
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Bai Y, Li H, Dong J. Up-regulation of miR-20a weakens inflammation and apoptosis in high-glucose-induced renal tubular cell mediating diabetic kidney disease by repressing CXCL8 expression. Arch Physiol Biochem 2022; 128:1603-1610. [PMID: 32608284 DOI: 10.1080/13813455.2020.1785506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
In our study, we determined the pattern of expression and biological roles of microRNA-20a (miR-20a) in diabetic kidney disease (DKD). The difference in the expression of miR-20a and proinflammatory genes (TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β) was measured across control, normal glucose (NG), and high glucose (HG) groups. Co-transfection miR-20a mimic and CXCL8 silence was used to assess the miR-20a/CXCL8 axis in the HG-induced HK-2 cell injury involved in DKD. miR-20a in HG group was significantly decreased, and a marked augmentation of inflammatory factor gene expression (TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β) in HK-2 cells was induced by HG. miR-20a over-expression enhanced cell proliferation, inhibited cell apoptosis, and suppressed the inflammatory response of HK-2 cells. CXCL8 knockdown strengthened the role of miR-20a. Our findings showed that miR-20a might be a significant regulator of HG-induced renal proximal tubular inflammatory injury mediating diabetic kidney disease through regulation of the expression of CXCL8 and the MEK/ERK pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Bai
- Department of Endocrinology, Zhengzhou Seventh People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan, P. R. China
| | - Hua Li
- Department of Geriatric Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, P. R. China
| | - Jie Dong
- Department of Geriatric Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, P. R. China
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Li Y, Lin H, Shu S, Sun Y, Lai W, Chen W, Hu Z, Peng H. Integrative transcriptome analysis reveals TEKT2 and PIAS2 involvement in diabetic nephropathy. FASEB J 2022; 36:e22592. [PMID: 36251411 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202200740rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Revised: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Cell heterogeneity has impeded the accurate interpretation of the bulk transcriptome data from patients with diabetic nephropathy (DN). We performed an analysis by integrating bulk and single-cell transcriptome datasets to uncover novel mechanisms leading to DN, especially in the podocytes. Microdissected glomeruli and tubules transcriptome datasets were selected from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO). Then the consistency between datasets was evaluated. The analysis of the bulk dataset and single-nucleus RNA dataset was integrated to reveal the cell type-specific responses to DN. The candidate genes were validated in kidney tissues from DN patients and diabetic mice. We compared 4 glomerular and 4 tubular datasets and found considerable discrepancies among datasets regarding the deferentially expressed genes (DEGs), involved signaling pathways, and the hallmark enrichment profiles. Deconvolution of the bulk data revealed that the variations in cell-type proportion contributed greatly to this discrepancy. The integrative analysis uncovered that the dysregulation of spermatogenesis-related genes, including TEKT2 and PIAS2, was involved in the development of DN. Importantly, the mRNA level of TEKT2 was negatively correlated with the mRNA levels of NPHS1 (r = -.66, p < .0001) and NPHS2 (r = -.85, p < .0001) in human diabetic glomeruli. Immunostaining confirmed that the expression of TEKT2 and PIAS2 were up-regulated in podocytes of DN patients and diabetic mice. Knocking down TEKT2 resisted high glucose-induced cytoskeletal remodeling and down-regulation of NPHS1 protein in the cultured podocyte. In conclusion, the integrative strategy can help us efficiently use the publicly available transcriptomics resources. Using this approach and combining it with classical research methods, we identified TEKT2 and PIAS2, two spermatogenesis-related genes involved in the pathogenesis of DN. Furthermore, TEKT2 is involved in this pathogenesis by regulating the podocyte cytoskeleton.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanqing Li
- Nephrology Division, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hongchun Lin
- Nephrology Division, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shuangshuang Shu
- Nephrology Division, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuxiang Sun
- Nephrology Division, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Weiyan Lai
- Nephrology Division, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wenfang Chen
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhaoyong Hu
- Nephrology Division, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Hui Peng
- Nephrology Division, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
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Yuan S, Liu J, Sun Z, Meng L, Zhu J, Wang M, Su J. Effects of Self-Made Prescription Compound Rhodiola on the Ultrastructure of Podocytes in Rats with Type 2 Diabetic Nephropathy. Emerg Med Int 2022; 2022:3417557. [PMID: 35784643 PMCID: PMC9242755 DOI: 10.1155/2022/3417557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2022] [Accepted: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background We attempt to discuss the function of self-made prescription compound Rhodiola rosea on the kidneys of rats with type 2 diabetic nephropathy (DN), through studying the effects of self-made rescription compound Rhodiola rosea on the ultrastructure of podocytes in rats with DN. Methods DN rat model was established by streptozotocin. The successfully modeled rats were divided into 4 groups, DN group, compound Rhodiola low-dose group, medium-dose group, and high-dose group. Compound Rhodiola low-dose group, medium-dose group, and high-dose group were administered for 8 weeks, and the DN group and the blank control group were administered with normal saline. The podocyte count, podocyte width, podocyte fusion rate, and average thickness of glomerular basement membrane were compared in each group, and the ultrastructural changes in podocytes were observed by transmission electron microscope. Results Compared with the normal control group, the number of podocytes in the DN group remarkably reduced, but the width level of podocyte, the fusion rate of podocyte, and the average thickness of basilar membrane remarkably increased (P < 0.05). Compared with the DN group, the number of podocytes in the high-, medium-, and low-dose groups increased remarkably, but the width level of podocyte, the fusion rate of podocyte, and the average thickness of basilar membrane decreased remarkably (P < 0.05). Compared with the low-dose group, the number of podocytes in the high-dose group and the medium-dose group increased remarkably, but the width of podocyte, the fusion rate of podocyte, as well as the average thickness of basilar membrane remarkably reduced (P < 0.05). Various indicators of high- and medium-dose groups had no statistical difference (P > 0.05). Conclusions Self-made prescription compound Rhodiola rosea can promote the recovery of podocyte in DN rat and protect their kidney.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaojing Yuan
- The University of Shandong of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong 250355, China
- Department of Community Health Management, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong 250355, China
| | - Jie Liu
- Department of Nephropathy and Oncology, Three Departments of Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Mengyin County, Linyi, Shandong 276200, China
| | - Zhenhua Sun
- Department of Cadre Health Care, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong 250001, China
| | - Lihua Meng
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong 250001, China
| | - Jiying Zhu
- Department of Cadre Health Care, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong 250001, China
| | - Min Wang
- Department of Community Health Management, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong 250355, China
| | - Jie Su
- Department of Cadre Health Care, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong 250001, China
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11
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He L, Li Q, Du C, Xue Y, Yu P. Glis2 inhibits the epithelial-mesenchymal transition and apoptosis of renal tubule cells by regulating the β-catenin signalling pathway in diabetic kidney disease. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2022; 607:73-80. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2022.03.111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2022] [Revised: 03/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
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12
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Jiang WJ, Xu CT, Du CL, Dong JH, Xu SB, Hu BF, Feng R, Zang DD, Meng XM, Huang C, Li J, Ma TT. Tubular epithelial cell-to-macrophage communication forms a negative feedback loop via extracellular vesicle transfer to promote renal inflammation and apoptosis in diabetic nephropathy. Theranostics 2022; 12:324-339. [PMID: 34987648 PMCID: PMC8690920 DOI: 10.7150/thno.63735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2021] [Accepted: 10/30/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Macrophage infiltration around lipotoxic tubular epithelial cells (TECs) is a hallmark of diabetic nephropathy (DN). However, how these two types of cells communicate remains obscure. We previously demonstrated that LRG1 was elevated in the process of kidney injury. Here, we demonstrated that macrophage-derived, LRG1-enriched extracellular vesicles (EVs) exacerbated DN. Methods: We induced an experimental T2DM mouse model with a HFD diet for four months. Renal primary epithelial cells and macrophage-derived EVs were isolated from T2D mice by differential ultracentrifugation. To investigate whether lipotoxic TEC-derived EV (EVe) activate macrophages, mouse bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs) were incubated with EVe. To investigate whether activated macrophage-derived EVs (EVm) induce lipotoxic TEC apoptosis, EVm were cocultured with primary renal tubular epithelial cells. Subsequently, we evaluated the effect of LRG1 in EVe by investigating the apoptosis mechanism. Results: We demonstrated that incubation of primary TECs of DN or HK-2 mTECs with lysophosphatidyl choline (LPC) increased the release of EVe. Interestingly, TEC-derived EVe activated an inflammatory phenotype in macrophages and induced the release of macrophage-derived EVm. Furthermore, EVm could induce apoptosis in TECs injured by LPC. Importantly, we found that leucine-rich α-2-glycoprotein 1 (LRG1)-enriched EVe activated macrophages via a TGFβR1-dependent process and that tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL)-enriched EVm induced apoptosis in injured TECs via a death receptor 5 (DR5)-dependent process. Conclusion: Our findings indicated a novel cell communication mechanism between tubular epithelial cells and macrophages in DN, which could be a potential therapeutic target.
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Cai Q, Wang C, Huang L, Wu C, Yan B, Chen T, Li Q, Wang L. Long Non-Coding RNA Small Nucleolar RNA Host Gene 5 (SNHG5) Regulates Renal Tubular Damage in Diabetic Nephropathy via Targeting MiR-26a-5p. Horm Metab Res 2021; 53:818-824. [PMID: 34891212 DOI: 10.1055/a-1678-6556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The study explored the diagnostic value of SNHG5 in diabetic nephropathy (DN) and investigated the role and mechanism on DN via establishing the in vitro HK2 cell model. This study recruited 62 types 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients, 58 DN patients and 60 healthy controls (HC). The expressions of serum SNHG5 and miR-26a-5p were measured by RT-qPCR analysis. The diagnostic value of SNHG5 in DN was assessed by ROC curve. The in vitro cell model was built to estimate the effects of SNHG5 on cell viability, cell apoptosis, inflammation response and oxidative stress. Serum SNHG5 was increased in DN patients (relative expression: 2.04±0.34) and had the diagnostic value in DN. After HK2 cells were treated with high glucose, the cell viability decreased and apoptosis increased, and the production of inflammatory cytokines and ROS enhanced significantly. It was noticed that inhibition of SNHG5 could reverse the above phenomenon caused by high glucose. Besides, serum miR-26a-5p was diminished in DN patients, and luciferase reporter gene revealed that miR-26a-5p is direct target of SNHG5. These results indicated that inhibition of SNHG5 may mitigate HG-induced renal tubular damage via targeting miR-26a-5p, which providing a new insight into the mechanism of renal tubule damage in DN patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Cai
- Department of Nephrology, The Affiliated Xuzhou Municipal Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, First People's Hospital of Xuzhou, Xuzhou, China
| | - Chao Wang
- Department of Emergency, The Affiliated Xuzhou Municipal Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, First People's Hospital of Xuzhou, Xuzhou, China
| | - Li Huang
- National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Diseases, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Chen Wu
- Department of Nephrology, The Affiliated Xuzhou Municipal Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, First People's Hospital of Xuzhou, Xuzhou, China
| | - BingChao Yan
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Xuzhou Municipal Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, First People's Hospital of Xuzhou, Xuzhou, China
| | - Ting Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Affiliated Huaihai Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Qinjun Li
- Department of Nephrology, The Affiliated Xuzhou Municipal Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, First People's Hospital of Xuzhou, Xuzhou, China
| | - Ling Wang
- Department of Nephrology, The Affiliated Xuzhou Municipal Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, First People's Hospital of Xuzhou, Xuzhou, China
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14
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Sapian S, Budin SB, Taib IS, Mariappan V, Zainalabidin S, Chin KY. Role of Polyphenol in Regulating Oxidative Stress, Inflammation, Fibrosis, and Apoptosis in Diabetic Nephropathy. Endocr Metab Immune Disord Drug Targets 2021; 22:453-470. [PMID: 34802412 DOI: 10.2174/1871530321666211119144309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2021] [Revised: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is known as one of the driving sources of end-stage renal disease (ESRD). DN prevalence continues to increase in every corner of the world andthat has been a major concern to healthcare professionals as DN is the key driver of diabetes mellitus (DM) morbidity and mortality. Hyperglycaemia is closely connected with the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) that cause oxidative stress response as well as numerous cellular and molecular modifications. Oxidative stress is a significant causative factor to renal damage, as it can activate other immunological pathways, such as inflammatory, fibrosis, and apoptosis pathways. These pathways can lead to cellular impairment and death as well as cellular senescence. Natural substances containing bioactive compounds, such as polyphenols, have been reported to exert valuable effects on various pathological conditions, including DM. The role of polyphenols in alleviating DN conditions has been documented in many studies. In this review, the potential of polyphenols in ameliorating the progression of DN via modulation of oxidative stress, inflammation, fibrosis, and apoptosis, as well as cellular senescence, has been addressed. This information may be used as the strategies for the management of DN and development as nutraceutical products to overcome DN development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syaifuzah Sapian
- Center for Diagnostic, Therapeutic and Investigative Studies, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, 50300 Kuala Lumpur. Malaysia
| | - Siti Balkis Budin
- Center for Diagnostic, Therapeutic and Investigative Studies, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, 50300 Kuala Lumpur. Malaysia
| | - Izatus Shima Taib
- Center for Diagnostic, Therapeutic and Investigative Studies, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, 50300 Kuala Lumpur. Malaysia
| | - Vanitha Mariappan
- Centre for Toxicology and Health Risk Studies, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, 50300 Kuala Lumpur. Malaysia
| | - Satirah Zainalabidin
- Centre for Toxicology and Health Risk Studies, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, 50300 Kuala Lumpur. Malaysia
| | - Kok Yong Chin
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Bandar Tun Razak, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur 56000. Malaysia
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15
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Alshamrani A, Aldahmash W, Falodah F, Arafah M, Harrath AH, Alwasel S. Long-Term but Not Short-Term Maternal Fasting Reduces Nephron Number and Alters the Glomerular Filtration Barrier in Rat Offspring. Life (Basel) 2021; 11:life11040318. [PMID: 33917410 PMCID: PMC8067523 DOI: 10.3390/life11040318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2021] [Revised: 03/28/2021] [Accepted: 04/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study examined the effects of maternal Ramadan-type fasting during selected days in the first, second, or third trimester, or during the entire pregnancy, on the kidney structure of male rat offspring. Pregnant rats were provided with food ad libitum during pregnancy (control group, C), or they were exposed to 16 h of fasting/day for three consecutive days in the middle of the first (FT1), second (FT2), or third trimester (FT3), or during whole pregnancy (FWP). Our results showed that dams in the FWP group demonstrated lower food intake and body weight during gestation. Litter size was unaltered by fasting in all groups; however, litter weight was significantly reduced only in the FWP group. Nephron number was decreased in the FWP group, but it remained unchanged in the other fasting groups. The ultrastructure of the glomerular filtration barrier indicated that the kidneys of offspring of the FWP group demonstrated wider diameters of fenestrations and filtration slits and smaller diameters of basement membranes. This was reflected by a significant increase in proteinuria in FWP only. These results suggest that, unlike with short-term fasting, which seems to be safe, maternal long-term fasting induces structural changes that were non-reversible, and that may contribute to impaired renal function, leading to chronic diseases in later life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdullah Alshamrani
- Zoology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (A.A.); (W.A.); (F.F.); (A.H.H.)
| | - Waleed Aldahmash
- Zoology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (A.A.); (W.A.); (F.F.); (A.H.H.)
| | - Fawaz Falodah
- Zoology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (A.A.); (W.A.); (F.F.); (A.H.H.)
| | - Maria Arafah
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Abdel Halim Harrath
- Zoology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (A.A.); (W.A.); (F.F.); (A.H.H.)
| | - Saleh Alwasel
- Zoology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (A.A.); (W.A.); (F.F.); (A.H.H.)
- Correspondence:
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16
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Nakatsuka A, Yamaguchi S, Eguchi J, Kakuta S, Iwakura Y, Sugiyama H, Wada J. A Vaspin-HSPA1L complex protects proximal tubular cells from organelle stress in diabetic kidney disease. Commun Biol 2021; 4:373. [PMID: 33742129 PMCID: PMC7979793 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-021-01902-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2020] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Proximal tubular cells (PTCs) are crucial for maintaining renal homeostasis, and tubular injuries contribute to progression of diabetic kidney disease (DKD). However, the roles of visceral adipose tissue-derived serine protease inhibitor (vaspin) in the development of DKD is not known. We found vaspin maintains PTCs through ameliorating ER stress, autophagy impairment, and lysosome dysfunction in DKD. Vaspin-/- obese mice showed enlarged and leaky lysosomes in PTCs associated with increased apoptosis, and these abnormalities were also observed in the patients with DKD. During internalization into PTCs, vaspin formed a complex with heat shock protein family A (Hsp70) member 1 like (HSPA1L) as well as 78 kDa glucose-regulated protein (GRP78). Both vaspin-partners bind to clathrin heavy chain and involve in the endocytosis. Notably, albumin-overload enhanced extracellular release of HSPA1L and overexpression of HSPA1L dissolved organelle stresses, especially autophagy impairment. Thus, vapsin/HSPA1L-mediated pathways play critical roles in maintaining organellar function of PTCs in DKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atsuko Nakatsuka
- Department of Nephrology, Rheumatology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kita-ku, Okayama, 700-8558, Japan.
- Division of Kidney, Diabetes and Endocrine Diseases, Okayama University Hospital, Kita-ku, Okayama, 700-8558, Japan.
| | - Satoshi Yamaguchi
- Department of Nephrology, Rheumatology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kita-ku, Okayama, 700-8558, Japan
| | - Jun Eguchi
- Department of Nephrology, Rheumatology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kita-ku, Okayama, 700-8558, Japan
| | - Shigeru Kakuta
- Department of Biomedical Science, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, the University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-8657, Japan
| | - Yoichiro Iwakura
- Research Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, Chiba, 278-0022, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Sugiyama
- Department of Human Resource Development of Dialysis Therapy for Kidney Disease, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kita-ku, Okayama, 700-8558, Japan
| | - Jun Wada
- Department of Nephrology, Rheumatology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kita-ku, Okayama, 700-8558, Japan.
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17
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Kim S, Kang SW, Joo J, Han SH, Shin H, Nam BY, Park J, Yoo TH, Kim G, Lee P, Park JT. Characterization of ferroptosis in kidney tubular cell death under diabetic conditions. Cell Death Dis 2021; 12:160. [PMID: 33558472 PMCID: PMC7870666 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-021-03452-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 42.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2020] [Revised: 01/14/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Kidney tubular cell death induced by transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) is known to contribute to diabetic nephropathy, a major complication of diabetes. Caspase-3-dependent apoptosis and caspase-1-dependent pyroptosis are also involved in tubular cell death under diabetic conditions. Recently, ferroptosis, an atypical form of iron-dependent cell death, was reported to cause kidney disease, including acute kidney injury. Ferroptosis is primed by lipid peroxide accumulation through the cystine/glutamate antiporter system Xc- (xCT) and glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4)-dependent mechanisms. The aim of this study was to evaluate the role of ferroptosis in diabetes-induced tubular injury. TGF-β1-stimulated proximal tubular epithelial cells and diabetic mice models were used for in vitro and in vivo experiments, respectively. xCT and GPX4 expression, cell viability, glutathione concentration, and lipid peroxidation were quantified to indicate ferroptosis. The effect of ferroptosis inhibition was also assessed. In kidney biopsy samples from diabetic patients, xCT and GPX4 mRNA expression was decreased compared to nondiabetic samples. In TGF-β1-stimulated tubular cells, intracellular glutathione concentration was reduced and lipid peroxidation was enhanced, both of which are related to ferroptosis-related cell death. Ferrostatin-1 (Fer-1), a ferroptosis inhibitor, alleviated TGF-β1-induced ferroptosis. In diabetic mice, kidney mRNA and protein expressions of xCT and GPX4 were reduced compared to control. Kidney glutathione concentration was decreased, while lipid peroxidation was increased in these mice, and these changes were alleviated by Fer-1 treatment. Ferroptosis is involved in kidney tubular cell death under diabetic conditions. Ferroptosis inhibition could be a therapeutic option for diabetic nephropathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seonghun Kim
- Department of Oral Pathology, Oral Cancer Research Institute, College of Dentistry, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea
- Institute of Kidney Disease Research, College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Shin-Wook Kang
- Institute of Kidney Disease Research, College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jeongho Joo
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Seung Hyeok Han
- Institute of Kidney Disease Research, College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Huiyoon Shin
- Genome & Health Big Data Laboratory, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Bo Young Nam
- Institute of Kidney Disease Research, College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea
- Severance Biomedical Science Institute, College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jimin Park
- Institute of Kidney Disease Research, College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea
- Severance Biomedical Science Institute, College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Tae-Hyun Yoo
- Institute of Kidney Disease Research, College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Gyuri Kim
- Institute of Kidney Disease Research, College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Pureunchowon Lee
- Institute of Kidney Disease Research, College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea
- Severance Biomedical Science Institute, College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jung Tak Park
- Institute of Kidney Disease Research, College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea.
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea.
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18
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Moore CL, Savenka AV, Basnakian AG. TUNEL Assay: A Powerful Tool for Kidney Injury Evaluation. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22010412. [PMID: 33401733 PMCID: PMC7795088 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22010412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2020] [Revised: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 12/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick-end labeling (TUNEL) assay is a long-established assay used to detect cell death-associated DNA fragmentation (3'-OH DNA termini) by endonucleases. Because these enzymes are particularly active in the kidney, TUNEL is widely used to identify and quantify DNA fragmentation and cell death in cultured kidney cells and animal and human kidneys resulting from toxic or hypoxic injury. The early characterization of TUNEL as an apoptotic assay has led to numerous misinterpretations of the mechanisms of kidney cell injury. Nevertheless, TUNEL is becoming increasingly popular for kidney injury assessment because it can be used universally in cultured and tissue cells and for all mechanisms of cell death. Furthermore, it is sensitive, accurate, quantitative, easily linked to particular cells or tissue compartments, and can be combined with immunohistochemistry to allow reliable identification of cell types or likely mechanisms of cell death. Traditionally, TUNEL analysis has been limited to the presence or absence of a TUNEL signal. However, additional information on the mechanism of cell death can be obtained from the analysis of TUNEL patterns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher L. Moore
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, 4301 West Markham Street, #638, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA; (C.L.M.); (A.V.S.)
| | - Alena V. Savenka
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, 4301 West Markham Street, #638, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA; (C.L.M.); (A.V.S.)
| | - Alexei G. Basnakian
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, 4301 West Markham Street, #638, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA; (C.L.M.); (A.V.S.)
- John L. McClellan Memorial VA Hospital, Central Arkansas Veterans Healthcare System, 4300 West 7th Street, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-501-352-2870
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A novel salviadione derivative, compound 15a, attenuates diabetes-induced renal injury by inhibiting NF-κB-mediated inflammatory responses. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2020; 409:115322. [PMID: 33171189 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2020.115322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2020] [Revised: 11/01/2020] [Accepted: 11/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Diabetic nephropathy is the leading cause of renal failure worldwide. Elevated inflammatory signaling has been shown to lead to deterioration of renal function in human and experimental diabetes. We recently developed a salviadione derivative (compound 15a) that prevented microbial lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammatory responses, which are largely driven by nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB). In the present study, we have tested the hypothesis that 15a will protect kidneys from diabetes-induced dysfunction by suppressing NF-κB activation and inflammatory signaling. Treatment of diabetic mice with 15a inhibited diabetes-induced renal fibrosis, NF-κB activation, and upregulation of proinflammatory cytokines. Histologically, kidney specimens from diabetic mice treated with 15a were indistinguishable from non-diabetic controls. We confirmed our findings in cultured renal tubular epithelial cells exposed to high levels of glucose. In these cultured cells, 15a pretreatment prevented high glucose-induced NF-κB activation and expression of inflammatory cytokines. These protective effects were also reflected in reduced levels of proteins involved in matrix expansion. Overall, our studies show that a salviadione derivative, 15a, is effective in suppressing diabetes-induced NF-κB activation and inflammatory signaling.
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20
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Gao P, Yang W, Sun L. Mitochondria-Associated Endoplasmic Reticulum Membranes (MAMs) and Their Prospective Roles in Kidney Disease. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2020; 2020:3120539. [PMID: 32952849 PMCID: PMC7487091 DOI: 10.1155/2020/3120539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2020] [Accepted: 08/19/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondria-associated endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membranes (MAMs) serve as essential hubs for interorganelle communication in eukaryotic cells and play multifunctional roles in various biological pathways. A defect in ER-mitochondria signaling or MAMs dysfunction has pleiotropic effects on a variety of intracellular events, which results in disturbances of the mitochondrial quality control system, Ca2+ dyshomeostasis, apoptosis, ER stress, and inflammasome activation, which all contribute to the onset and progression of kidney disease. Here, we review the structure and molecular compositions of MAMs as well as the experimental methods used to study these interorganellar contact sites. We will specifically summarize the downstream signaling pathways regulated by MAMs, mainly focusing on mitochondrial quality control, oxidative stress, ER-mitochondria Ca2+ crosstalk, apoptosis, inflammasome activation, and ER stress. Finally, we will discuss how alterations in MAMs integrity contribute to the pathogenesis of kidney disease and offer directions for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Gao
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
- Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease & Blood Purification, in Hunan Province, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
- Institute of Nephrology, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
| | - Wenxia Yang
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
- Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease & Blood Purification, in Hunan Province, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
- Institute of Nephrology, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
| | - Lin Sun
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
- Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease & Blood Purification, in Hunan Province, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
- Institute of Nephrology, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
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21
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Valdés A, Castro-Puyana M, García-Pastor C, Lucio-Cazaña FJ, Marina ML. Time-series proteomic study of the response of HK-2 cells to hyperglycemic, hypoxic diabetic-like milieu. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0235118. [PMID: 32579601 PMCID: PMC7313754 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0235118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2020] [Accepted: 06/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
During diabetes, renal proximal tubular cells (PTC) are exposed to a combination of high glucose and hypoxic conditions, which plays a relevant role in the development of diabetic kidney disease (DKD). In this work, a time-series proteomic study was performed to analyse the effect of a diabetic-like microenvironment induced changes on HK-2 cells, a human cell line derived from normal proximal tubular epithelial cells. Cells simultaneously exposed to high glucose (25 mM) and hypoxia (1% O2) were compared to cells in control conditions for up to 48 h. Diabetic conditions increased the percentage of death cells after 24 and 48 h, but no differences in the protein/cell ratio were found. The relative protein quantification using dimethyl-labeling and UHPLC-MS/MS analysis allowed the identification of 317, 296 and 259 proteins at 5, 24 and 48 h, respectively. The combination of statistical and time expression profile analyses indicated an increased expression of proteins involved in glycolysis, and a decrease of cytoskeletal-related proteins. The exposure of HK-2 cells to high glucose and hypoxia reproduces some of the effects of diabetes on PTC and, with the limitations inherent to in vitro studies, propose new mechanisms and targets to be considered in the management of DKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Valdés
- Departamento de Química Analítica, Química Física e Ingeniería Química, Universidad de Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, España
| | - María Castro-Puyana
- Departamento de Química Analítica, Química Física e Ingeniería Química, Universidad de Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, España
- Instituto de Investigación Química Andrés M del Rio, IQAR, Universidad de Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, España
| | - Coral García-Pastor
- Departamento de Biología de Sistemas, Universidad de Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, España
| | | | - María Luisa Marina
- Departamento de Química Analítica, Química Física e Ingeniería Química, Universidad de Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, España
- Instituto de Investigación Química Andrés M del Rio, IQAR, Universidad de Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, España
- * E-mail:
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22
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Muraoka H, Hasegawa K, Sakamaki Y, Minakuchi H, Kawaguchi T, Yasuda I, Kanda T, Tokuyama H, Wakino S, Itoh H. Role of Nampt-Sirt6 Axis in Renal Proximal Tubules in Extracellular Matrix Deposition in Diabetic Nephropathy. Cell Rep 2020; 27:199-212.e5. [PMID: 30943401 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2019.03.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2018] [Revised: 02/16/2019] [Accepted: 03/07/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) metabolism plays a critical role in kidneys. We previously reported that decreased secretion of a NAD+ precursor, nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN), from proximal tubules (PTs) can trigger diabetic albuminuria. In the present study, we investigated the role of NMN-producing enzyme nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (Nampt) in diabetic nephropathy. The expression of Nampt in PTs was downregulated in streptozotocin (STZ)-treated diabetic mice when they exhibited albuminuria. This albuminuria was ameliorated in PT-specific Nampt-overexpressing transgenic (TG) mice. PT-specific Nampt-conditional knockout (Nampt CKO) mice exhibited TBM thickening and collagen deposition, which were associated with the upregulation of the profibrogenic gene TIMP-1. Nampt CKO mice also exhibited the downregulation of sirtuins, particularly in Sirt6. PT-specific Sirt6-knockout mice exhibited enhanced fibrotic phenotype resembling that of Nampt CKO mice with increased Timp1 expression. In conclusion, the Nampt-Sirt6 axis in PTs serves as a key player in fibrogenic extracellular matrix remodeling in diabetic nephropathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hirokazu Muraoka
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Keio University, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Hasegawa
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Keio University, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Yusuke Sakamaki
- Department of Internal Medicine, Tokyo Dental College Ichikawa General Hospital, Chiba 272-8583, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Minakuchi
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Keio University, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Takahisa Kawaguchi
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Keio University, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Itaru Yasuda
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Keio University, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Takeshi Kanda
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Keio University, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Hirobumi Tokuyama
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Keio University, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Shu Wakino
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Keio University, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan.
| | - Hiroshi Itoh
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Keio University, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
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23
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Nlandu-Khodo S, Osaki Y, Scarfe L, Yang H, Phillips-Mignemi M, Tonello J, Saito-Diaz K, Neelisetty S, Ivanova A, Huffstater T, McMahon R, Taketo MM, deCaestecker M, Kasinath B, Harris RC, Lee E, Gewin LS. Tubular β-catenin and FoxO3 interactions protect in chronic kidney disease. JCI Insight 2020; 5:135454. [PMID: 32369448 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.135454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2019] [Accepted: 04/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway plays an important role in renal development and is reexpressed in the injured kidney and other organs. β-Catenin signaling is protective in acute kidney injury (AKI) through actions on the proximal tubule, but the current dogma is that Wnt/β-catenin signaling promotes fibrosis and development of chronic kidney disease (CKD). As the role of proximal tubular β-catenin signaling in CKD remains unclear, we genetically stabilized (i.e., activated) β-catenin specifically in murine proximal tubules. Mice with increased tubular β-catenin signaling were protected in 2 murine models of AKI to CKD progression. Oxidative stress, a common feature of CKD, reduced the conventional T cell factor/lymphoid enhancer factor-dependent β-catenin signaling and augmented FoxO3-dependent activity in proximal tubule cells in vitro and in vivo. The protective effect of proximal tubular β-catenin in renal injury required the presence of FoxO3 in vivo. Furthermore, we identified cystathionine γ-lyase as a potentially novel transcriptional target of β-catenin/FoxO3 interactions in the proximal tubule. Thus, our studies overturned the conventional dogma about β-catenin signaling and CKD by showing a protective effect of proximal tubule β-catenin in CKD and identified a potentially new transcriptional target of β-catenin/FoxO3 signaling that has therapeutic potential for CKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stellor Nlandu-Khodo
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center (VUMC), Nashville, Tennessee, USA.,Institute of Physiology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Yosuke Osaki
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center (VUMC), Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Lauren Scarfe
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center (VUMC), Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Haichun Yang
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, VUMC, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Melanie Phillips-Mignemi
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center (VUMC), Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Jane Tonello
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center (VUMC), Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | | | - Surekha Neelisetty
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center (VUMC), Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Alla Ivanova
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center (VUMC), Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Tessa Huffstater
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Robert McMahon
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center (VUMC), Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - M Mark Taketo
- Division of Experimental Therapeutics, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Mark deCaestecker
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center (VUMC), Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Balakuntalam Kasinath
- Department of Medicine, Long School of Medicine, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Raymond C Harris
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center (VUMC), Nashville, Tennessee, USA.,Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA.,Department of Medicine, Veterans Affairs Hospital, Tennessee Valley Healthcare System, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Ethan Lee
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology and
| | - Leslie S Gewin
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center (VUMC), Nashville, Tennessee, USA.,Department of Cell and Developmental Biology and.,Department of Medicine, Veterans Affairs Hospital, Tennessee Valley Healthcare System, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
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24
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Haghighat N, Zare M, Vaziri NM, Hosseini B, Sohrabi Z, Bazyar H, Alipour M, Shafei M. Serum cytokeratin 18 level is associated with dietary intake and serum triglycerides level in hemodialysis patients. SAUDI JOURNAL OF KIDNEY DISEASES AND TRANSPLANTATION 2020; 31:353-359. [PMID: 32394907 DOI: 10.4103/1319-2442.284009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell death leads to increase serum cytokeratin 18 (CK-18) in chronic kidney disease. However, few studies have investigated the serum CK-18 level in relation to nutritional and metabolic biomarkers. We examined the association of dietary intake and lipid profile with serum CK18 level among hemodialysis (HD) patients. Ninety HD patients according to inclusion and exclusion criteria were included in the study. An analysis of clinical characteristics, anthropometric indices, dietary intake, and lipid profile revealed a significant association between serum CK-18 and diabetes, metabolic syndrome, body mass index (BMI), triglyceride (TG), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), energy intake (EI), protein intake (PI), and saturated fatty acid (SFA). In a multiple stepwise regression model, after adjusting for confounders in three models, the association between serum CK-18 and serum TG level, dietary SFA and EI remained significant. The model 3 adjusted for DM, Mets, BMI, ALT, AST, and PI; model 2 adjusted for model 1 + EI; and model 1 adjusted for model 2 + SFA. Our findings suggest that the development of hypertriglyceridemia and inadequate EI contribute to higher serum CK-18, which is a cell death biomarker.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neda Haghighat
- Laparascopy Research Center, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Morteza Zare
- Student Research Committee , School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Nader Moein Vaziri
- Laparascopy Research Center, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Babak Hosseini
- Laparascopy Research Center, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Zahra Sohrabi
- Student Research Committee , School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Hadi Bazyar
- Student Research Committee, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Meysam Alipour
- Student Research Committee, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Maryam Shafei
- Department of Nephrology, Namazi Hospital, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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25
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Prostaglandin E1 attenuates high glucose-induced apoptosis in proximal renal tubular cells by inhibiting the JNK/Bim pathway. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2020; 41:561-571. [PMID: 31685975 PMCID: PMC7471471 DOI: 10.1038/s41401-019-0314-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2019] [Accepted: 09/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Proximal renal tubular damage is a critical process underlying diabetic kidney disease (DKD). Our previous study shows that prostaglandin E1 (PGE1) reduces the apoptosis of renal tubular cells in DKD rats. But its underlying mechanisms remain unclear. In this study we investigated the protective effects of PGE1 in DKD rats and high glucose (HG, 30 mM)-treated HK-2 proximal tubular cells. Four weeks after uninephrectomized streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats were established, the DKD rats were administered PGE1 (10 µg· kg−1· d−1, iv.) for 10 consecutive days. We showed that PGE1 administration did not change blood glucose levels, but alleviated diabetic kidney injury in the DKD rats, evidenced by markedly reduced proteinuria and renal tubular apoptosis. In the in vitro experiments, PGE1 (0.1–100 µM) significantly enhanced HG-reduced HK-2 cell viability. In HG-treated HK-2 cells, PGE1 (10 µM) significantly suppressed the c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) and the mitochondrial apoptosis-related protein expressions such as Bim, Bax, caspase-3 and cleaved caspase-3; similar changes were also observed in the kidney of PGE1-treated DKD rats. By using two pharmacological tools-JNK activator anisomycin (AM) and JNK inhibitor SP600125, we revealed that PGE1 blocked HG-triggered activation of JNK/Bim pathway in HK-2 cells; JNK was an upstream regulator of Bim. In conclusion, our results demonstrate that the nephroprotective effects of PGE1 against apoptosis of proximal renal tubule in DKD rats via suppressing JNK-related Bim signaling pathway.
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26
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Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor-Associated Protein 1 Protects against Mitochondrial Injury by Preventing High Glucose-Induced mPTP Opening in Diabetes. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2020; 2020:6431517. [PMID: 32215175 PMCID: PMC7079224 DOI: 10.1155/2020/6431517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2019] [Accepted: 01/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) has become the leading cause of end-stage renal disease worldwide. Renal tubular epithelial cell apoptosis and tubular atrophy have been recognized as indicators of the severity and progression of DKD, while the mechanism remains elusive. Tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated protein 1 (TRAP1) plays critical roles in apoptosis. The aim of this study was to investigate the protective role TRAP1 plays in DKD and to study the potential underlying mechanisms. TRAP1 expression was decreased, and mitochondria were injured in NRK-52e cells under high-glucose (HG) conditions. The overexpression of TRAP1 ameliorated HG-induced apoptosis, increased cell viability, maintained mitochondrial morphology, adenosine triphosphate (ATP) levels, and mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), and buffered oxidative stress, whereas TRAP1 knockdown aggravated these effects. The protective effects of TRAP1 may be exerted via the inhibition of mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP) opening, and the damage caused by TRAP1 knockdown can be partially reversed by treatment with the mPTP opening inhibitor cyclosporin A (CsA). In vivo, TRAP1 expression upregulation by AAV2/9 injection prevented renal dysfunction, ameliorated histopathological changes, maintained mitochondrial morphology and function, and reduced apoptosis and reactive oxygen species (ROS) in STZ-treated DKD rats. Thus, our results suggest that TRAP1 ameliorates diabetes-induced renal injury by preventing abnormal mPTP opening and maintaining mitochondrial structure and function, which may be treated as a potential target for DKD treatment.
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27
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Su SS, Li BP, Li CL, Xiu FR, Wang DY, Zhang FR. Downregulation of MiR-218 can alleviate high-glucose-induced renal proximal tubule injury by targeting GPRC5A. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2020; 84:1123-1130. [PMID: 32028854 DOI: 10.1080/09168451.2020.1717330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to explore the functional implication of microRNA-218 (miR-218) in diabetic nephropathy (DN) through high-glucose-stimulated renal proximal tubule impairment. Biological function experiments showed that miR-218 and inflammatory factors TNF-α and IL-1β were highly expressed in renal proximal tubule under high-glucose conditions. Inhibiting miR-218 alleviated renal tubular cell injury, which was represented by miR-218 inhibitor facilitating renal tubular cell vitality whilst reducing its apoptosis and levels of inflammation factors. In addition, we confirmed that miR-218 directly targeted GPRC5A and negatively regulated its expression. Co-transfection assay showed that overexpression of GPRC5A accentuated the mitigated action of miR-218 inhibitor on renal proximal tubule cell injury induced by high-glucose. Accordingly, these data indicated that downregulation of miR-218 can assuage high-glucose-resulted renal tubular cell damage, and its ameliorative effect was achieved by negative regulation of GPRC5A, which provides a novel direction for unearthing the pathogenesis and even further biological treatment of DN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan-Shan Su
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, P.R.China.,Department of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, P.R. China
| | - Bao-Peng Li
- Department of Radiology, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, P.R. China
| | - Chun-Lin Li
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, P.R. China
| | - Fang-Rui Xiu
- Department of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, P.R. China
| | - Dong-Yan Wang
- Department of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, P.R. China
| | - Fa-Rong Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, P.R. China
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28
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Sharma S, Plotkin M. Id1 expression in kidney endothelial cells protects against diabetes-induced microvascular injury. FEBS Open Bio 2020; 10:1447-1462. [PMID: 31957231 PMCID: PMC7396439 DOI: 10.1002/2211-5463.12793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2019] [Revised: 11/25/2019] [Accepted: 01/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
The inhibitor of differentiation (Id) transcription regulators, which are induced in response to oxidative stress, promote cell proliferation and inhibit senescence. Inhibitor of differentiation 1 (Id1) expression is limited to endothelial cells (EC) in the normal mouse kidney and is required for a normal response to injury. Endothelial dysfunction leads to the development of diabetic nephropathy, and so, we hypothesized that endothelial Id1 may help protect against hyperglycemia-induced microvascular injury and nephropathy. Here, we tested this hypothesis by using streptozotocin to induce diabetes in Id1 knockout (KO) mice and WT B6;129 littermates and examining the mice at 3 months. Expression of Id1 was observed to be increased 15-fold in WT kidney EC, and Id1 KO mice exhibited increased mesangial and myofibroblast proliferation, matrix deposition, and albuminuria compared with WT mice. Electron microscopy demonstrated peritubular capillary EC injury and lumen narrowing, and fluorescence microangiography showed a 45% reduction in capillary perfusion area with no reduction in CD31-stained areas in Id1 KO mice. Microarray analysis of EC isolated from WT and KO control and diabetic mice demonstrated activation of senescence pathways in KO cells. Kidneys from KO diabetic mice showed increased histological expression of senescence markers. In addition, premature senescence in cultured KO EC was also seen in response to oxidative stress. In conclusion, endothelial Id1 upregulation with hyperglycemia protects against microvascular injury and senescence and subsequent nephropathy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Matthew Plotkin
- Department of Nephrology, John L. McClellan VA Hospital, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA
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29
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Bhardwaj R, Singh BP, Sandhu N, Singh N, Kaur R, Rokana N, Singh KS, Chaudhary V, Panwar H. Probiotic mediated NF-κB regulation for prospective management of type 2 diabetes. Mol Biol Rep 2020; 47:2301-2313. [PMID: 31919753 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-020-05254-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2019] [Accepted: 01/07/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Diabetes and other lifestyle disorders have been recognized as the leading cause of morbidity and mortality globally. Nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) is a major factor involved in the early pathobiology of diabetes and studies reveal that hyperglycemic conditions in body leads to NF-κB mediated activation of several cytokines, chemokines and inflammatory molecules. NF-κB family comprises of certain DNA-binding protein factors that elicit the transcription of pro-inflammatory molecules. Various studies have identified NF-κB as a promising target for diabetic management. Probiotics have been proposed as bio-therapeutic agents for treatment of inflammatory disorders and many other chronic clinical stages. The precise mechanisms by which probiotics acts is yet to be fully understood, however research findings have indicated their role in NF-κB modulation. The current review highlights NF-κB as a bio-therapeutic target for probable management of type 2 diabetes through probiotic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rabia Bhardwaj
- Department of Dairy Microbiology, College of Dairy Science and Technology, Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University (GADVASU), Ludhiana, Punjab, India
| | - Brij Pal Singh
- Department of Dairy Microbiology, College of Dairy Science and Technology, Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University (GADVASU), Ludhiana, Punjab, India
| | - Nitika Sandhu
- Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, Punjab, India
| | - Niharika Singh
- Department of Dairy Microbiology, College of Dairy Science and Technology, Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University (GADVASU), Ludhiana, Punjab, India
| | - Ravinder Kaur
- Department of Dairy Microbiology, College of Dairy Science and Technology, Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University (GADVASU), Ludhiana, Punjab, India
| | - Namita Rokana
- Department of Dairy Microbiology, College of Dairy Science and Technology, Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University (GADVASU), Ludhiana, Punjab, India
| | | | | | - Harsh Panwar
- Department of Dairy Microbiology, College of Dairy Science and Technology, Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University (GADVASU), Ludhiana, Punjab, India.
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30
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Wang R, Yan Y, Li C. LINC00462 is involved in high glucose-induced apoptosis of renal tubular epithelial cells via AKT pathway. Cell Biol Int 2020; 44:286-294. [PMID: 31489995 DOI: 10.1002/cbin.11231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2019] [Accepted: 08/31/2019] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
New evidences suggest that long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) may play important roles in a variety of kidney diseases, including diabetic nephropathy (DN). Our present study investigated the potential function of LINC00462 in high glucose (HG)-induced apoptosis of renal tubular epithelial cells (RTEC) and to determine the underlying mechanism. The expression of LINC00462 in renal biopsy tissues was examined using quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Then, a loss of function assay was performed to determine the protective effect of LINC00462 in HG-induced RTEC damage. In addition, the downstream signaling pathway of LINC00462 was also investigated. The qRT-PCR results showed that the expression of LINC00462 was significantly up-regulated in renal biopsies from DN patients. At the same time, LINC00462 was enhanced in a glucose concentration- and time-dependent manner in human kidney (HK-2 and HKC) cells subjected to HG treatment. The knockdown of LINC00462 improved the significantly reduced cell viability of HG treatment, decreased HG-induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) and malondialdehyde levels, and up-regulated the response of antioxidant systems to ROS by increasing superoxide dismutase and catalase levels. In addition, knockdown of LINC00462 inhibited HG-induced cell apoptosis and affected the expression of apoptosis-related proteins. Most importantly, we found that knockdown of LINC00462 enhanced the expression of p-AKT. Moreover, AKT-specific inhibitor LY294002 restored the effect of LINC00462 knockdown on apoptosis. In conclusion, our study demonstrated that knockdown of LINC00462 can ameliorate oxidative stress and apoptosis in HG-induced RTEC by activating the AKT pathway, suggesting that knockdown of LINC00462 may provide a potential therapeutic approach for DN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruixin Wang
- Department of Nephrology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, 621 Gangwan Road, Huangpu District, Guangzou, Guangdong, 510730, P.R. China
| | - Yuehong Yan
- Department of Nephrology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, 621 Gangwan Road, Huangpu District, Guangzou, Guangdong, 510730, P.R. China
| | - Cuicui Li
- Department of Nephrology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, 621 Gangwan Road, Huangpu District, Guangzou, Guangdong, 510730, P.R. China
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31
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García-Pastor C, Benito-Martínez S, Moreno-Manzano V, Fernández-Martínez AB, Lucio-Cazaña FJ. Mechanism and Consequences of The Impaired Hif-1α Response to Hypoxia in Human Proximal Tubular HK-2 Cells Exposed to High Glucose. Sci Rep 2019; 9:15868. [PMID: 31676796 PMCID: PMC6825166 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-52310-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2019] [Accepted: 10/16/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Renal hypoxia and loss of proximal tubular cells (PTC) are relevant in diabetic nephropathy. Hypoxia inhibits hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) degradation, which leads to cellular adaptive responses through HIF-1-dependent activation of gene hypoxia-responsive elements (HRE). However, the diabetic microenvironment represses the HIF-1/HRE response in PTC. Here we studied the mechanism and consequences of impaired HIF-1α regulation in human proximal tubular HK-2 cells incubated in hyperglycemia. Inhibition at different levels of the canonical pathway of HIF-1α degradation did not activate the HIF-1/HRE response under hyperglycemia, except when proteasome was inhibited. Further studies suggested that hyperglycemia disrupts the interaction of HIF-1α with Hsp90, a known cause of proteasomal degradation of HIF-1α. Impaired HIF-1α regulation in cells exposed to hyperglycemic, hypoxic diabetic-like milieu led to diminished production of vascular endothelial growth factor-A and inhibition of cell migration (responses respectively involved in tubular protection and repair). These effects, as well as impaired HIF-1α regulation, were reproduced in normoglycemia in HK-2 cells incubated with microparticles released by HK-2 cells exposed to diabetic-like milieu. In summary, these results highlight the role of proteasome-dependent mechanisms of HIF-1α degradation on diabetes-induced HK-2 cells dysfunction and suggest that cell-derived microparticles may mediate negative effects of the diabetic milieu on PTC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Coral García-Pastor
- Departamento de Biología de Sistemas, Universidad de Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Selma Benito-Martínez
- Departamento de Biología de Sistemas, Universidad de Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
| | - Victoria Moreno-Manzano
- Neuronal and Tissue Regeneration Laboratory, Centro de Investigación Príncipe Felipe, Valencia, Spain
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32
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Zhang D, Ye S, Pan T. The role of serum and urinary biomarkers in the diagnosis of early diabetic nephropathy in patients with type 2 diabetes. PeerJ 2019; 7:e7079. [PMID: 31218128 PMCID: PMC6568248 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.7079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2018] [Accepted: 05/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Previous studies have shown that a variety of biomarkers are closely related to the occurrence and development of early-stage diabetic nephropathy (DN) in patients. The aim of this study was to evaluate the role of multiple sera and urinary biomarkers in the diagnosis of early-stage DN in patients with type 2 diabetes. Methods We enrolled 287 patients with type 2 diabetes, who were classified into normoalbuminuria (n = 144), microalbuminuria (n = 94), or macroalbuminuria (n = 49) groups based on their urine albumin to creatinine ratios (UACR), along with 42 healthy controls. We assessed 13 biomarkers, including transferrin (Tf), immunoglobulin G (IgG), podocalyxin, neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL), N-acetyl-beta-glucosaminidase, α-1-microglobulin, 8-hydroxy-deoxyguanosine, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), and interleukin-18 in urine samples, along with cystatin C, total bilirubin, and uric acid in sera samples, to evaluate their diagnostic roles. From the measurements, the blood neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio was also calculated. Results Urinary Tf, IgG, NGAL, and TNF-α were significantly related to the UACR. We calculated the area under the receiver operating characteristic curves (area under the curve) and found that urinary IgG (0.894), NGAL (0.875), Tf (0.861), TNF-α (0.763), and the combination of urinary Tf + IgG + TNF-α + NGAL (0.922) showed good diagnostic value for early-stage DN. Conclusions Urinary Tf, IgG, NGAL, TNF-α, and the combination of all four biomarkers demonstrated excellent diagnostic value for early-stage DN in patients with type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deyuan Zhang
- School of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China.,Department of Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Shandong Ye
- School of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China.,Department of Endocrinology, Anhui Provincial Hospital, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Tianrong Pan
- Department of Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
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33
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Ghosh A, Zhao S, Lo CS, Maachi H, Chenier I, Lateef MA, Abdo S, Filep JG, Ingelfinger JR, Zhang SL, Chan JSD. Heterogeneous Nuclear Ribonucleoprotein F Mediates Insulin Inhibition of Bcl2-Modifying Factor Expression and Tubulopathy in Diabetic Kidney. Sci Rep 2019; 9:6687. [PMID: 31040360 PMCID: PMC6491582 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-43218-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2018] [Accepted: 02/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
We investigated the molecular mechanism(s) by which insulin prevents Bcl2-modifying factor (Bmf)-induced renal proximal tubular cell (RPTC) apoptosis and loss in diabetic mice. Transgenic mice (Tg) mice specifically overexpressing human BMF in RPTCs and non-Tg littermates were studied at 10 to 20 weeks of age. Non-diabetic littermates, diabetic Akita mice +/− insulin implant, Akita Tg mice specifically overexpressing heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein F (hnRNP F) in their RPTCs and immortalized rat renal proximal tubular cells (IRPTCs) were also studied. BMF-Tg mice exhibited higher systolic blood pressure, urinary albumin/creatinine ratio, RPTC apoptosis and urinary RPTCs than non-Tg mice. Insulin treatment in Akita mice and Akita mice overexpressing hnRNP F suppressed Bmf expression and RPTC apoptosis. In hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic wild type mice, renal Bmf expression was down-regulated with up-regulation of hnRNP F. In vitro, insulin inhibited high glucose-stimulation of Bmf expression, predominantly via p44/42 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling. Transfection of p44/42 MAPK or hnRNP F small interfering RNA (siRNA) prevented insulin inhibition of Bmf expression. HnRNP F inhibited Bmf transcription via hnRNP F-responsive element in the Bmf promoter. Our results demonstrate that hnRNP F suppression of Bmf transcription is an important mechanism by which insulin protects RPTCs from apoptosis in diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anindya Ghosh
- Département de medecine, Université de Montréal, Centre de recherche du Centre hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), 900 Saint Denis Street, Montréal, QC, H2X 0A9, Canada
| | - Shuiling Zhao
- Département de medecine, Université de Montréal, Centre de recherche du Centre hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), 900 Saint Denis Street, Montréal, QC, H2X 0A9, Canada
| | - Chao-Sheng Lo
- Département de medecine, Université de Montréal, Centre de recherche du Centre hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), 900 Saint Denis Street, Montréal, QC, H2X 0A9, Canada
| | - Hasna Maachi
- Département de medecine, Université de Montréal, Centre de recherche du Centre hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), 900 Saint Denis Street, Montréal, QC, H2X 0A9, Canada
| | - Isabelle Chenier
- Département de medecine, Université de Montréal, Centre de recherche du Centre hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), 900 Saint Denis Street, Montréal, QC, H2X 0A9, Canada
| | - Muhammad Abdul Lateef
- Département de medecine, Université de Montréal, Centre de recherche du Centre hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), 900 Saint Denis Street, Montréal, QC, H2X 0A9, Canada
| | - Shaaban Abdo
- Département de medecine, Université de Montréal, Centre de recherche du Centre hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), 900 Saint Denis Street, Montréal, QC, H2X 0A9, Canada
| | - Janos G Filep
- Département de pathologie et biologie cellulaire, Université de Montréal, Centre de recherche, Hôpital Maisonneuve-Rosemont, 5415 boul. de l'Assomption, Montréal, QC, H1T 2M4, Canada
| | - Julie R Ingelfinger
- Harvard Medical School, Pediatric Nephrology Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, 15 Parkman Street, WAC 709, Boston, MA, 02114-3117, USA
| | - Shao-Ling Zhang
- Département de medecine, Université de Montréal, Centre de recherche du Centre hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), 900 Saint Denis Street, Montréal, QC, H2X 0A9, Canada.
| | - John S D Chan
- Département de medecine, Université de Montréal, Centre de recherche du Centre hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), 900 Saint Denis Street, Montréal, QC, H2X 0A9, Canada.
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Wang J, Guo HM. Astragaloside IV ameliorates high glucose-induced HK-2 cell apoptosis and oxidative stress by regulating the Nrf2/ARE signaling pathway. Exp Ther Med 2019; 17:4409-4416. [PMID: 31086575 PMCID: PMC6489012 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2019.7495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2018] [Accepted: 03/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetic nephropathy (DN) has become the major cause of end-stage renal disease increasing the mortality risk of diabetes. Research has demonstrated that the oxidative damage and apoptosis of renal tubular cells is present during DN. Astragaloside IV (AS-IV) has been widely used for the treatment of many diseases, however, the role and mechanism by which AS-IV may ameliorate high glucose-induced apoptosis and oxidative stress of the human proximal tubular cell line HK-2 remains largely unknown. The present study investigated the effect of AS-IV on high glucose-induced apoptosis and oxidative stress in HK-2 cells. Cell viability, apoptosis and protein expression were detected by Trypan blue staining, Cell Counting Kit-8 assay, terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase 2′-deoxyuridine-5′-triphosphate nick-end labelling, flow cytometry and western blot analyses. In addition, enzymatic activities, including superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), catalase (CAT) and lipid peroxide (LPO), were measured with the corresponding detection kits. DCFH-DA assay and flow cytometry were performed to detect the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Western blot analysis and reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction were conducted to evaluate protein and mRNA expressions of the nuclear factor erythroid 2 like 2 (Nrf2)/antioxidant response element (ARE) signaling pathway. The results demonstrated that AS-IV significantly enhanced HK-2 cell viability induced by high glucose in a dose-dependent manner. In addition, AS-IV notably inhibited HK-2 cell apoptosis stimulated by high glucose, which may be associated with inhibition of BCL2 associated X protein, Cleaved-caspase-3 and Cleaved-caspase-9, expression and the promotion of Bcl-2. AS-IV significantly increased the activities of antioxidant enzymes SOD, GSH-Px and CAT, and decreased the high-glucose-induced ROS production in HK-2 cells, in a dose-dependent manner. Finally, it was determined that AS-IV regulated the Nrf2/ARE signaling pathway and inhibited the expression of liver-type fatty acid binding protein. In conclusion, these findings may provide evidence that AS-IV has a potential role for the treatment of DN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Wang
- Department of First Clinical Medical Institute, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, P.R. China.,Department of Nephrology, Taicang Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215400, P.R. China
| | - Hong-Min Guo
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, P.R. China
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Silibinin ameliorates diabetic nephropathy via improving diabetic condition in the mice. Eur J Pharmacol 2018; 845:24-31. [PMID: 30597130 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2018.12.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2018] [Revised: 12/11/2018] [Accepted: 12/20/2018] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a major cause of end-stage renal disease and one of the most severe diabetic complications. However, there is lack of effective treatments for DN and the underlying mechanisms of the renal injury remain unclear. In current study, we evaluated the effects of silibinin on DN and further explored the underlying mechanisms. We administrated silibinin to db/db mice for 10 weeks. Then we monitored the diabetic metabolic parameters, kidney function, oxidative stress and AKT signaling pathway in db/db mice. Administration of silibinin to db/db mice improved diabetic condition, as evidenced by the decrease of body weight, HbAc1level and serum insulin level in db/db mice. Silibinin prevented kidney injury and attenuated oxidative stress in db/db mice. Silibinin activated AKT signaling pathway and decreased the levels of p-GSK-3β, Bax and cleaved caspase-3. Silibinin ameliorates diabetic nephropathy by activating the AKT signaling pathway.
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Yaribeygi H, Mohammadi MT, Rezaee R, Sahebkar A. Crocin improves renal function by declining Nox‐4, IL‐18, and p53 expression levels in an experimental model of diabetic nephropathy. J Cell Biochem 2018; 119:6080-6093. [DOI: 10.1002/jcb.26806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2017] [Accepted: 02/23/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Habib Yaribeygi
- Neuroscience Research CenterBaqiyatallah University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
- Chronic Kidney Diseases Research CenterShahid Beheshti University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | - Mohammad T. Mohammadi
- Health Research CenterBaqiyatallah University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
- Department of Physiology and BiophysicsFaculty of MedicineBaqiyatallah University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | - Ramin Rezaee
- Clinical Research UnitFaculty of MedicineMashhad University of Medical SciencesMashhadIran
| | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Neurogenic Inflammation Research CenterMashhad University of Medical SciencesMashhadIran
- Biotechnology Research CenterPharmaceutical Technology InstituteMashhad University of Medical SciencesMashhadIran
- School of PharmacyMashhad University of Medical SciencesMashhadIran
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Zhang XQ, Dong JJ, Cai T, Shen X, Zhou XJ, Liao L. High glucose induces apoptosis via upregulation of Bim expression in proximal tubule epithelial cells. Oncotarget 2018; 8:24119-24129. [PMID: 28445931 PMCID: PMC5421832 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.15491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2016] [Accepted: 02/02/2017] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetic nephropathy is the primary cause of end-stage renal disease. Apoptosis of tubule epithelial cells is a major feature of diabetic nephropathy. The mechanisms of high glucose (HG) induced apoptosis are not fully understood. Here we demonstrated that, HG induced apoptosis via upregulating the expression of proapoptotic Bcl-2 homology domain 3 (BH3)-only protein Bim protein, but not bring a significant change in the baseline level of autophagy in HK2 cells. The increase of Bim expression was caused by the ugregulation of transcription factors, FOXO1 and FOXO3a. Bim expression initiates BAX/BAK-mediated mitochondria-dependent apoptosis. Silence of Bim by siRNA in HK2 cells prevented HG-induced apoptosis and also sensitized HK2 cells to autophagy during HG treatment. The autophagy inhibitor 3-MA increased the injury in Bim knockdown HK2 cells by retriggering apoptosis. The above results suggest a Bim-independent apoptosis pathway in HK2 cells, which normally could be inhibited by autophagy. Overall, our results indicate that HG induces apoptosis via up-regulation of Bim expression in proximal tubule epithelial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Qian Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Jian-Jun Dong
- Department of Endocrinology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Shandong, Jinan, China
| | - Tian Cai
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China.,Department of Medicine, Tai'an Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tai'an, Shandong, China
| | - Xue Shen
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Xiao-Jun Zhou
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Lin Liao
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
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38
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Li S, Pasquin S, Eid HM, Gauchat JF, Saleem A, Haddad PS. Anti-apoptotic potential of several antidiabetic medicinal plants of the eastern James Bay Cree pharmacopeia in cultured kidney cells. Altern Ther Health Med 2018; 18:37. [PMID: 29378549 PMCID: PMC5789738 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-018-2104-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2017] [Accepted: 01/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Background Our team has identified 17 Boreal forest species from the traditional pharmacopeia of the Eastern James Bay Cree that presented promising in vitro and in vivo biological activities in the context of type 2 diabetes (T2D). We now screened the 17 plants extracts for potential anti-apoptotic activity in cultured kidney cells and investigated the underlying mechanisms. Methods MDCK (Madin-Darnby Canine Kidney) cell damage was induced by hypertonic medium (700 mOsm/L) in the presence or absence of maximal nontoxic concentrations of each of the 17 plant extracts. After 18 h’ treatment, cells were stained with Annexin V (AnnV) and Propidium iodide (PI) and subjected to flow cytometry to assess the cytoprotective (AnnV−/PI−) and anti-apoptotic (AnnV+/PI−) potential of the 17 plant extracts. We then selected a representative subset of species (most cytoprotective, moderately so or neutral) to measure the activity of caspases 3, 8 and 9. Results Gaultheria hispidula and Abies balsamea are amongst the most powerful cytoprotective and anti-apoptotic plants and appear to exert their modulatory effect primarily by inhibiting caspase 9 in the mitochondrial apoptotic signaling pathway. Conclusion We conclude that several Cree antidiabetic plants exert anti-apoptotic activity that may be relevant in the context of diabetic nephropathy (DN) that affects a significant proportion of Cree diabetics.
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Chen P, Yuan Y, Zhang T, Xu B, Gao Q, Guan T. Pentosan polysulfate ameliorates apoptosis and inflammation by suppressing activation of the p38 MAPK pathway in high glucose‑treated HK‑2 cells. Int J Mol Med 2017; 41:908-914. [PMID: 29207166 PMCID: PMC5752165 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2017.3290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2016] [Accepted: 11/20/2017] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The apoptosis of tubular epithelial cells in diabetic nephropathy (DN) is commonly observed in human renal biopsies. Inflammation plays a key role in DN, and pentosan polysulfate (PPS) has been shown to largely attenuate the inflammation of nephropathy in aging diabetic mice. p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38 MAPK) plays a crucial role in tissue inflammation and cell apoptosis, and it is activated by hyperglycemia. In the present study, high glucose (HG)-treated human renal proximal tubular epithelial cells (HK-2) were used to examine the protective effects of PPS against HG-stimulated apoptosis and inflammation. The results of the study revealed that PPS markedly suppressed the HG-induced reduction in cell viability. Incubation of HK-2 cells with HG activated the p38 MAPK pathway and, subsequently, as confirmed by western blot analysis and flow cytometry, increased cell apoptosis, which was blocked by PPS. In addition, PPS treatment significantly inhibited HG-stimulated p38 MAPK and nuclear factor-κB activation, and reduced the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-6. In conclusion, PPS ameliorates p38 MAPK-mediated renal cell apoptosis and inflammation. The anti-apoptotic actions and anti-inflammatory effects of PPS prompt further investigation of this compound as a promising therapeutic agent against DN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Chen
- Department of Nephrology, Ningbo First Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315010, P.R. China
| | - Yang Yuan
- Department of Nephrology, Zhongshan Hospital, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361004, P.R. China
| | - Tianying Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, Zhongshan Hospital, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361004, P.R. China
| | - Bo Xu
- Department of Nephrology, Zhongshan Hospital, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361004, P.R. China
| | - Qing Gao
- Department of Nephrology, Zhongshan Hospital, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361004, P.R. China
| | - Tianjun Guan
- Department of Nephrology, Zhongshan Hospital, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361004, P.R. China
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Pandey A, Gaikwad AB. AT 2 receptor agonist Compound 21: A silver lining for diabetic nephropathy. Eur J Pharmacol 2017; 815:251-257. [PMID: 28943106 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2017.09.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2017] [Revised: 09/19/2017] [Accepted: 09/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The currently available therapies for diabetic nephropathy, one of the leading causes of renal failure globally are based on inhibition of renin angiotensin system. However, recently, the focus has shifted towards activation of its protective arm rather than the inhibition of deteriorative axis, using specific agonists. Compound 21 (C21), a novel non-peptide Angiotensin II type 2 receptor (AT2) agonist, recently granted orphan drug status for the treatment of a rare disease, idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis has also shown a potent anti-inflammatory, anti-fibrotic, antioxidant and anti-apoptotic potential in various diseases including heart failure, myocardial infarction, chronic inflammatory diseases, and neurological diseases such as ischemic stroke. A pool of evidences suggest that C21, either alone or in combination with angiotensin receptor blockers could be extremely beneficial in the treatment of diabetic nephropathy, a chronic inflammatory condition sharing its pathogenesis with aforementioned diseases. The review analyses the new therapeutic tool, C21, its mechanisms of action for renoprotection in diabetic nephropathy, and its future perspectives and thereby provides an insight into the potential application of C21 as a novel therapeutic tool in the eradication of diabetic nephropathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anuradha Pandey
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science Pilani, Pilani Campus, Rajasthan 333031, India
| | - Anil Bhanudas Gaikwad
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science Pilani, Pilani Campus, Rajasthan 333031, India.
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Yang S, Zhao L, Han Y, Liu Y, Chen C, Zhan M, Xiong X, Zhu X, Xiao L, Hu C, Liu F, Zhou Z, Kanwar YS, Sun L. Probucol ameliorates renal injury in diabetic nephropathy by inhibiting the expression of the redox enzyme p66Shc. Redox Biol 2017; 13:482-497. [PMID: 28728079 PMCID: PMC5514499 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2017.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2016] [Revised: 06/28/2017] [Accepted: 07/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS Probucol is an anti-hyperlipidemic agent and a potent antioxidant drug that can delay progression of diabetic nephropathy (DN) and reverses renal oxidative stress in diabetic animal models; however, the mechanisms underlying these effects remain unclear. p66Shc is a newly recognized mediator of mitochondrial ROS production in renal cells under high-glucose (HG) ambience. We previously showed that p66Shc can serve as a biomarker for renal oxidative injury in DN patients and that p66Shc up-regulation is correlated with renal damage in vivo and in vitro. Here, we determined whether probucol ameliorates renal injury in DN by inhibiting p66Shc expression. RESULTS We found that the expression of SIRT1, Ac-H3 and p66Shc in kidneys of DN patients was altered. Also, probucol reduced the levels of serum creatinine, urine protein and LDL-c and attenuated renal oxidative injury and fibrosis in STZ induced diabetic mice. In addition, probucol reversed p-AMPK, SIRT1, Ac-H3 and p66Shc expression. Correlation analyses showed that p66Shc expression was correlated with p-AMPK and Sirt1 expression and severity of renal injury. In vitro pretreatment of HK-2 cells with p-AMPK and SIRT1 siRNA negated the beneficial effects of probucol. Furthermore, we noted that probucol activates p-AMPK and Sirt1 and inhibits p66shc mRNA transcription by facilitating the binding of Sirt1 to the p66Shc promoter and modulation of Ac-H3 expression in HK-2 cells under HG ambience. INNOVATION AND CONCLUSION Our results suggest for the first time that probucol ameliorates renal damage in DN by epigenetically suppressing p66Shc expression via the AMPK-SIRT1-AcH3 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shikun Yang
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 139 Renmin Middle Road, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China; Department of Nephrology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Li Zhao
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 139 Renmin Middle Road, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
| | - Yachun Han
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 139 Renmin Middle Road, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
| | - Yu Liu
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 139 Renmin Middle Road, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
| | - Chao Chen
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 139 Renmin Middle Road, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
| | - Ming Zhan
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 139 Renmin Middle Road, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
| | - Xiaofen Xiong
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 139 Renmin Middle Road, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
| | - Xuejing Zhu
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 139 Renmin Middle Road, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
| | - Li Xiao
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 139 Renmin Middle Road, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
| | - Chun Hu
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 139 Renmin Middle Road, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
| | - Fuyou Liu
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 139 Renmin Middle Road, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
| | - Zhiguang Zhou
- Diabetes Center, and Institute of Metabolism and Endocrinology, Key Laboratory of Diabetes Immunology, Ministry of Education, China
| | - Yashpal S Kanwar
- Department of Pathology & Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, USA
| | - Lin Sun
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 139 Renmin Middle Road, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China.
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42
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Lo CS, Shi Y, Chenier I, Ghosh A, Wu CH, Cailhier JF, Ethier J, Lattouf JB, Filep JG, Ingelfinger JR, Zhang SL, Chan JSD. Heterogeneous Nuclear Ribonucleoprotein F Stimulates Sirtuin-1 Gene Expression and Attenuates Nephropathy Progression in Diabetic Mice. Diabetes 2017; 66:1964-1978. [PMID: 28424160 PMCID: PMC5482081 DOI: 10.2337/db16-1588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2016] [Accepted: 04/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
We investigated the mechanism of heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein F (hnRNP F) renoprotective action in a type 2 diabetes (T2D) mouse model (db/db). Immortalized rat renal proximal tubular cells (IRPTCs) and kidneys from humans with T2D were also studied. The db/db mice developed hyperglycemia, oxidative stress, and nephropathy at age 20 weeks compared with their db/m littermates. These abnormalities, with the exception of hyperglycemia, were attenuated in db/dbhnRNP F-transgenic (Tg) mice specifically overexpressing hnRNP F in their RPTCs. Sirtuin-1, Foxo3α, and catalase expression were significantly decreased in RPTCs from db/db mice and normalized in db/dbhnRNP F-Tg mice. In vitro, hnRNP F overexpression stimulated Sirtuin-1 and Foxo3α with downregulation of acetylated p53 expression and prevented downregulation of Sirtuin-1 and Foxo3α expression in IRPTCs by high glucose plus palmitate. Transfection of Sirtuin-1 small interfering RNA prevented hnRNP F stimulation of Foxo3α and downregulation of acetylated p53 expression. hnRNP F stimulated Sirtuin-1 transcription via hnRNP F-responsive element in the Sirtuin-1 promoter. Human T2D kidneys exhibited more RPTC apoptosis and lower expression of hnRNP F, SIRTUIN-1, and FOXO3α than nondiabetic kidneys. Our results demonstrate that hnRNP F protects kidneys against oxidative stress and nephropathy via stimulation of Sirtuin-1 expression and signaling in diabetes.
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MESH Headings
- Acetylation
- Aged
- Animals
- Apoptosis
- Blotting, Western
- Case-Control Studies
- Cells, Cultured
- Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/complications
- Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/genetics
- Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/metabolism
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/complications
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/genetics
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/metabolism
- Diabetic Nephropathies/etiology
- Diabetic Nephropathies/genetics
- Diabetic Nephropathies/metabolism
- Disease Models, Animal
- Disease Progression
- Female
- Fibrosis
- Forkhead Box Protein O3
- Gene Expression Regulation/genetics
- Heterogeneous-Nuclear Ribonucleoprotein Group F-H/genetics
- Heterogeneous-Nuclear Ribonucleoprotein Group F-H/metabolism
- Humans
- Immunohistochemistry
- In Situ Nick-End Labeling
- In Vitro Techniques
- Kidney/metabolism
- Kidney/pathology
- Kidney Tubules, Proximal/metabolism
- Male
- Mice
- Mice, Knockout
- Mice, Transgenic
- Middle Aged
- Oxidative Stress
- Rats
- Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction
- Receptors, Leptin/genetics
- Sirtuin 1/genetics
- Sirtuin 1/metabolism
- Tumor Suppressor Protein p53/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao-Sheng Lo
- Centre de recherche, Centre hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM) and Département de médecine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Yixuan Shi
- Centre de recherche, Centre hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM) and Département de médecine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Isabelle Chenier
- Centre de recherche, Centre hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM) and Département de médecine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Anindya Ghosh
- Centre de recherche, Centre hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM) and Département de médecine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Chin-Han Wu
- Centre de recherche, Centre hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM) and Département de médecine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Jean-Francois Cailhier
- Centre de recherche, Centre hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM) and Département de médecine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Jean Ethier
- Centre de recherche, Centre hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM) and Département de médecine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Jean-Baptiste Lattouf
- Centre de recherche, Centre hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM) and Département de médecine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Janos G Filep
- Centre de recherche, Hôpital Maisonneuve-Rosemont and Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Julie R Ingelfinger
- Pediatric Nephrology Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Shao-Ling Zhang
- Centre de recherche, Centre hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM) and Département de médecine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - John S D Chan
- Centre de recherche, Centre hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM) and Département de médecine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
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Tang H, Lei CT, Ye C, Gao P, Wan C, Chen S, He FF, Wang YM, Su H, Zhang C. MDM2 is implicated in high-glucose-induced podocyte mitotic catastrophe via Notch1 signalling. J Cell Mol Med 2017. [PMID: 28643424 PMCID: PMC5706520 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.13253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Podocyte injury and depletion are essential events involved in the pathogenesis of diabetic nephropathy (DN). As a terminally differentiated cell, podocyte is restricted in ‘post‐mitosis’ state and unable to regenerate. Re‐entering mitotic phase will cause podocyte disastrous death which is defined as mitotic catastrophe (MC). Murine double minute 2 (MDM2), a cell cycle regulator, is widely expressed in renal resident cells including podocytes. Here, we explore whether MDM2 is involved in podocyte MC during hyperglycaemia. We found aberrant mitotic podocytes with multi‐nucleation in DN patients. In vitro, cultured podocytes treated by high glucose (HG) also showed an up‐regulation of mitotic markers and abnormal mitotic status, accompanied by elevated expression of MDM2. HG exposure forced podocytes to enter into S phase and bypass G2/M checkpoint with enhanced expression of Ki67, cyclin B1, Aurora B and p‐H3. Genetic deletion of MDM2 partly reversed HG‐induced mitotic phase re‐entering of podocytes. Moreover, HG‐induced podocyte injury was alleviated by MDM2 knocking down but not by nutlin‐3a, an inhibitor of MDM2‐p53 interaction. Interestingly, knocking down MDM2 or MDM2 overexpression showed inhibition or activation of Notch1 signalling, respectively. In addition, genetic silencing of Notch1 prevented HG‐mediated podocyte MC. In conclusion, high glucose up‐regulates MDM2 expression and leads to podocyte MC. Notch1 signalling is an essential downstream pathway of MDM2 in mediating HG‐induced MC in podocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Tang
- Department of Nephrology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Chun-Tao Lei
- Department of Nephrology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Chen Ye
- Department of Nephrology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Pan Gao
- Department of Nephrology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Cheng Wan
- Department of Nephrology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Shan Chen
- Department of Nephrology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Fang-Fang He
- Department of Nephrology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yu-Mei Wang
- Department of Nephrology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Hua Su
- Department of Nephrology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Chun Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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Rosivall L, Cypress M, Navar LG. Editorial. Physiol Int 2017; 104:91-96. [PMID: 28665195 DOI: 10.1556/2060.104.2017.2.9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- L Rosivall
- 1 Institute of Pathophysiology, International Nephrology Research and Training Center, Semmelweis University , Budapest, Hungary
| | - M Cypress
- 2 Department of Physiology, Tulane University , New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - L G Navar
- 2 Department of Physiology, Tulane University , New Orleans, LA, USA
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Pandey A, Gaikwad AB. Compound 21 and Telmisartan combination mitigates type 2 diabetic nephropathy through amelioration of caspase mediated apoptosis. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2017; 487:827-833. [PMID: 28456626 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2017.04.134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2017] [Accepted: 04/24/2017] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
The current study aimed to understand the role of novel, highly selective, orally active, non-peptide Angiotensin II type 2 receptor (AT2R) agonist, Compound 21 and its potential additive effect with Telmisartan on apoptosis and underlying posttranslational modifications in a non-genetic murine model for type 2 diabetic nephropathy (T2DN). An experimental model for T2DN was developed by administering low dose Streptozotocin in high fat diet fed male Wistar rats, followed by their treatment with Telmisartan, C21 or their combination. Our results demonstrated that C21 and Telmisartan combination attenuated metabolic and renal dysfunction, renal morphological and micro-architectural aberrations and hemodynamic disturbances in type 2 diabetic rats. The anti-apoptotic and anti-inflammatory effects of Telmisartan were significantly accentuated by C21 indicated by expression of apoptotic markers (Parp1, Caspase 8, Caspase 7, cleaved PARP and cleaved Caspase 3) and NF-κB mediated inflammatory molecules like interleukin 6, tumour necrosis factor alpha; monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 and vascular cell adhesion molecule 1. C21 was found to improve Telmisartan mediated reversal of histone H3 acetylation at lysine 14 and 27 and expression of histone acetyl transferase, p300/CBP-associated factor also known to regulate NF-κB activity and DNA damage response. C21 in combination with Telmisartan markedly mitigates caspase mediated apoptosis and NF-κB signalling in T2D kidney, which could be partially attributed to its influence on PCAF mediated histone H3 acetylation. Hence further research should be done to develop this combination to treat T2DN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anuradha Pandey
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani, Pilani Campus, Rajasthan 333031, India
| | - Anil Bhanudas Gaikwad
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani, Pilani Campus, Rajasthan 333031, India.
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Gilbert RE. Proximal Tubulopathy: Prime Mover and Key Therapeutic Target in Diabetic Kidney Disease. Diabetes 2017; 66:791-800. [PMID: 28325740 DOI: 10.2337/db16-0796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 204] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2016] [Accepted: 01/02/2017] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
The current view of diabetic kidney disease, based on meticulously acquired ultrastructural morphometry and the utility of measuring plasma creatinine and urinary albumin, has been almost entirely focused on the glomerulus. While clearly of great importance, changes in the glomerulus are not the major determinant of renal prognosis in diabetes and may not be the primary event in the development of diabetic kidney disease either. Indeed, advances in biomarker discovery and a greater appreciation of tubulointerstitial histopathology and the role of tubular hypoxia in the pathogenesis of chronic kidney disease have given us pause to reconsider the current "glomerulocentric" paradigm and focus attention on the proximal tubule that by virtue of the high energy requirements and reliance on aerobic metabolism render it particularly susceptible to the derangements of the diabetic state. Such findings raise important issues for therapeutic advances specifically targeting the pathophysiological perturbations that develop in this part of the nephron.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard E Gilbert
- Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science and Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute of St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Canada
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Langford MP, Redens TB, Harris NR, Lee S, Jain SK, Reddy S, McVie R. Plasma Levels of Cell-Free Apoptotic DNA Ladders and Gamma-Glutamyltranspeptidase (GGT) in Diabetic Children. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2016; 232:1160-9. [PMID: 17895524 DOI: 10.3181/0701-rm-13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The plasma levels of apoptotic DNA ladders (i.e., apoptosemia) and γ-glutamyltranspeptidase (GGT) in diabetic outpatients and rats were investigated. Apoptotic DNA ladders were detected in plasma from 26.8% of type 1 (T1) and 18.5% of type 2 (T2) diabetic children 1–20 years of age, 25.7% of hospitalized children and 35.7% of adult RA outpatients, but in only 3.5% of adult pre-op patients. Plasma from 7.7% of young streptozotocin-induced diabetic but not control rats contained apoptotic DNA ladders. Apoptosemia was detected more often in male T1 (31%) and T2 (30.8%) diabetic outpatients than in female T1 (20.8%) and T2 (15.4%) diabetic outpatients. GGT in apoptosemic plasma was significantly higher than in nonapoptosemic plasma from T1 ( P = 0.001) but not T2 diabetic children. The highest amounts of apoptotic DNA were detected most often in diabetic children ≥14 years of age. In vitro study results suggest that cell-free apoptotic DNA ladders appear prior to an increase in GGT activity in serum from human blood incubated at 37°C. The results suggest that 24.7% of plasma samples from diabetic children contained apoptotic DNA ladders, the incidence and amounts of apoptotic DNA ladders were higher in the older diabetic children, and GGT was elevated in apoptosemic T1 diabetic children ( P = 0.01). The results indicate that “silent” apoptosemia occurs in T1 and T2 diabetic children and suggest elevated GGT in diabetic children could be due to release from apoptotic cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marlyn P Langford
- Department of Ophthalmology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, Louisiana 71130-3932, USA.
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Zhang J, Fan Y, Zeng C, He L, Wang N. Tauroursodeoxycholic Acid Attenuates Renal Tubular Injury in a Mouse Model of Type 2 Diabetes. Nutrients 2016; 8:nu8100589. [PMID: 27669287 PMCID: PMC5083977 DOI: 10.3390/nu8100589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2016] [Revised: 09/07/2016] [Accepted: 09/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Renal tubular injury is a critical factor in the pathogenesis of diabetic nephropathy (DN). Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress is involved in diabetic nephropathy. Tauroursodeoxycholic acid (TUDCA) is an effective inhibitor of ER stress. Here, we investigated the role of TUDCA in the progression of tubular injury in DN. For eight weeks, being treated with TUDCA at 250 mg/kg intraperitoneal injection (i.p.) twice a day, diabetic db/db mice had significantly reduced blood glucose, albuminuria and attenuated renal histopathology. These changes were associated with a significant decreased expression of ER stress markers. At the same time, diabetic db/db mice had more TUNEL-positive nuclei in the renal tubule, which were attenuated by TUDCA treatment, along with decreases in ER stress-associated apoptotic markers in the kidneys. In summary, the effect of TUDCA on tubular injury, in part, is associated with inhibition of ER stress in the kidneys of diabetic db/db mice. TUDCA shows potential as a therapeutic target for the prevention and treatment of DN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai 200233, China.
| | - Ying Fan
- Department of Nephrology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai 200233, China.
| | - Chuchu Zeng
- Department of Nephrology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai 200233, China.
| | - Li He
- Department of Nephrology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai 200233, China.
| | - Niansong Wang
- Department of Nephrology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai 200233, China.
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Wu Y, Zhang M, Liu R, Zhao C. Oxidative Stress-Activated NHE1 Is Involved in High Glucose-Induced Apoptosis in Renal Tubular Epithelial Cells. Yonsei Med J 2016; 57:1252-9. [PMID: 27401659 PMCID: PMC4960394 DOI: 10.3349/ymj.2016.57.5.1252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2015] [Revised: 01/14/2016] [Accepted: 02/17/2016] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a prevalent chronic microvascular complication of diabetes mellitus involving disturbances in electrolytes and the acid-base balance caused by a disorder of glucose metabolism. NHE1 is a Na⁺/H⁺ exchanger responsible for keeping intracellular pH (pHi) balance and cell growth. Our study aimed to investigate roles of NHE1 in high glucose (HG)-induced apoptosis in renal tubular epithelial cells. MATERIALS AND METHODS Renal epithelial tubular cell line HK-2 was cultured in medium containing 5 mM or 30 mM glucose. Then, cell apoptosis, oxidative stress, NHE1 expression, and pHi were evaluated. NHE1 siRNA and inhibitor were used to evaluate its role in cell apoptosis. RESULTS HG significantly increased cell apoptosis and the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and 8-OHdG (p<0.05). Meanwhile, we found that HG induced the expression of NHE1 and increased the pHi from 7.0 to 7.6 after 48 h of incubation. However, inhibiting NHE1 using its specific siRNA or antagonist DMA markedly reduced cell apoptosis stimulated by HG. In addition, suppressing cellular oxidative stress using antioxidants, such as glutathione and N-acetyl cysteine, significantly reduced the production of ROS, accompanied by a decrease in NHE1. We also found that activated cyclic GMP-Dependent Protein Kinase Type I (PKG) signaling promoted the production of ROS, which contributed to the regulation of NHE1 functions. CONCLUSION Our study indicated that HG activates PKG signaling and elevates the production of ROS, which was responsible for the induction of NHE1 expression and dysfunction, as well as subsequent cell apoptosis, in renal tubular epithelial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiqing Wu
- Department of Nephrology, Tianjin Union Medicine Center, Tianjin, China
| | - Min Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, Tianjin Union Medicine Center, Tianjin, China
| | - Rui Liu
- Department of Rehabilitation, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Chunjie Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, Tianjin Union Medicine Center, Tianjin, China.
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Abstract
The longstanding focus in chronic kidney disease (CKD) research has been on the glomerulus, which is sensible because this is where glomerular filtration occurs, and a large proportion of progressive CKD is associated with significant glomerular pathology. However, it has been known for decades that tubular atrophy is also a hallmark of CKD and that it is superior to glomerular pathology as a predictor of glomerular filtration rate decline in CKD. Nevertheless, there are vastly fewer studies that investigate the causes of tubular atrophy, and fewer still that identify potential therapeutic targets. The purpose of this review is to discuss plausible mechanisms of tubular atrophy, including tubular epithelial cell apoptosis, cell senescence, peritubular capillary rarefaction and downstream tubule ischemia, oxidative stress, atubular glomeruli, epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, interstitial inflammation, lipotoxicity and Na(+)/H(+) exchanger-1 inactivation. Once a a better understanding of tubular atrophy (and interstitial fibrosis) pathophysiology has been obtained, it might then be possible to consider tandem glomerular and tubular therapeutic strategies, in a manner similar to cancer chemotherapy regimens, which employ multiple drugs to simultaneously target different mechanistic pathways.
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