1
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de Oliveira HD, Batista CN, Lima MN, Lima AC, Dos Passos BABR, Freitas RJRX, Silva JD, Xisto DG, Rangel-Ferreira MV, Pelajo M, Rocco PRM, Ribeiro-Gomes FL, de Castro Faria-Neto HC, Maron-Gutierrez T. Acetylsalicylic acid and dihydroartemisinin combined therapy on experimental malaria-associated acute lung injury: analysis of lung function and the inflammatory process. Malar J 2024; 23:285. [PMID: 39300444 DOI: 10.1186/s12936-024-05017-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2024] [Accepted: 06/16/2024] [Indexed: 09/22/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Severe malaria can cause respiratory symptoms, which may lead to malaria-acute lung injury (MA-ALI) due to inflammation and damage to the blood-gas barrier. Patients with severe malaria also often present thrombocytopenia, and the use of acetylsalicylic acid (ASA), a commonly used non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug with immunomodulatory and antiplatelet effects, may pose a risk in regions where malaria is endemic. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the systemic impact of ASA and dihydroartemisinin (DHA) on ALI induced in mice by Plasmodium berghei NK65 (PbNK65). METHODS C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into control (C) and PbNK65 infected groups and were inoculated with uninfected or 104 infected erythrocytes, respectively. Then, the animals were treated with DHA (3 mg/kg) or vehicle (DMSO) at the 8-day post-infection (dpi) for 7 days and with ASA (100 mg/kg, single dose), and analyses were performed at 9 or 15 dpi. Lung mechanics were performed, and lungs were collected for oedema evaluation and histological analyses. RESULTS PbNK65 infection led to lung oedema, as well as increased lung static elastance (Est, L), resistive (ΔP1, L) and viscoelastic (ΔP2, L) pressures, percentage of mononuclear cells, inflammatory infiltrate, hemorrhage, alveolar oedema, and alveolar thickening septum at 9 dpi. Mice that received DHA or DHA + ASA had an increase in Est, L, and CD36 expression on inflammatory monocytes and higher protein content on bronchoalveolar fluid (BALF). However, only the DHA-treated group presented a percentage of inflammatory monocytes similar to the control group and a decrease in ΔP1, L and ΔP2, L compared to Pb + DMSO. Also, combined treatment with DHA + ASA led to an impairment in diffuse alveolar damage score and lung function at 9 dpi. CONCLUSIONS Therapy with ASA maintained lung morpho-functional impairment triggered by PbNK65 infection, leading to a large influx of inflammatory monocytes to the lung tissue. Based on its deleterious effects in experimental MA-ALI, ASA administration or its treatment maintenance might be carefully reconsidered and further investigated in human malaria cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helena D'Anunciação de Oliveira
- Laboratory of Immunopharmacology, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Fiocruz, Av. Brasil, 4036 - Bloco 2. Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21040-361, Brazil
| | - Camila Nunes Batista
- Laboratory of Immunopharmacology, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Fiocruz, Av. Brasil, 4036 - Bloco 2. Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21040-361, Brazil
| | - Maiara Nascimento Lima
- Laboratory of Immunopharmacology, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Fiocruz, Av. Brasil, 4036 - Bloco 2. Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21040-361, Brazil
| | - Ana Carolina Lima
- Laboratory of Immunopharmacology, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Fiocruz, Av. Brasil, 4036 - Bloco 2. Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21040-361, Brazil
| | | | - Rodrigo Jose Rocha Xavier Freitas
- Laboratory of Immunopharmacology, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Fiocruz, Av. Brasil, 4036 - Bloco 2. Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21040-361, Brazil
| | - Johnatas Dutra Silva
- Laboratory of Pulmonary Investigation, Carlos Chagas Filho Institute of Biophysics, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Debora Gonçalves Xisto
- Laboratory of Pulmonary Investigation, Carlos Chagas Filho Institute of Biophysics, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | - Marcelo Pelajo
- Laboratory of Pathology, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Patricia Rieken Macedo Rocco
- Laboratory of Pulmonary Investigation, Carlos Chagas Filho Institute of Biophysics, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | - Hugo Caire de Castro Faria-Neto
- Laboratory of Immunopharmacology, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Fiocruz, Av. Brasil, 4036 - Bloco 2. Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21040-361, Brazil
| | - Tatiana Maron-Gutierrez
- Laboratory of Immunopharmacology, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Fiocruz, Av. Brasil, 4036 - Bloco 2. Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21040-361, Brazil.
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2
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Glatz JFC, Heather LC, Luiken JJFP. CD36 as a gatekeeper of myocardial lipid metabolism and therapeutic target for metabolic disease. Physiol Rev 2024; 104:727-764. [PMID: 37882731 DOI: 10.1152/physrev.00011.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 10/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The multifunctional membrane glycoprotein CD36 is expressed in different types of cells and plays a key regulatory role in cellular lipid metabolism, especially in cardiac muscle. CD36 facilitates the cellular uptake of long-chain fatty acids, mediates lipid signaling, and regulates storage and oxidation of lipids in various tissues with active lipid metabolism. CD36 deficiency leads to marked impairments in peripheral lipid metabolism, which consequently impact on the cellular utilization of multiple different fuels because of the integrated nature of metabolism. The functional presence of CD36 at the plasma membrane is regulated by its reversible subcellular recycling from and to endosomes and is under the control of mechanical, hormonal, and nutritional factors. Aberrations in this dynamic role of CD36 are causally associated with various metabolic diseases, in particular insulin resistance, diabetic cardiomyopathy, and cardiac hypertrophy. Recent research in cardiac muscle has disclosed the endosomal proton pump vacuolar-type H+-ATPase (v-ATPase) as a key enzyme regulating subcellular CD36 recycling and being the site of interaction between various substrates to determine cellular substrate preference. In addition, evidence is accumulating that interventions targeting CD36 directly or modulating its subcellular recycling are effective for the treatment of metabolic diseases. In conclusion, subcellular CD36 localization is the major adaptive regulator of cellular uptake and metabolism of long-chain fatty acids and appears a suitable target for metabolic modulation therapy to mend failing hearts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan F C Glatz
- Department of Genetics & Cell Biology, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Lisa C Heather
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy & Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Joost J F P Luiken
- Department of Genetics & Cell Biology, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands
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3
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Barrachina MN, Pernes G, Becker IC, Allaeys I, Hirsch TI, Groeneveld DJ, Khan AO, Freire D, Guo K, Carminita E, Morgan PK, Collins TJC, Mellett NA, Wei Z, Almazni I, Italiano JE, Luyendyk J, Meikle PJ, Puder M, Morgan NV, Boilard E, Murphy AJ, Machlus KR. Efficient megakaryopoiesis and platelet production require phospholipid remodeling and PUFA uptake through CD36. NATURE CARDIOVASCULAR RESEARCH 2023; 2:746-763. [PMID: 39195958 DOI: 10.1038/s44161-023-00305-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2024]
Abstract
Lipids contribute to hematopoiesis and membrane properties and dynamics; however, little is known about the role of lipids in megakaryopoiesis. Here we show that megakaryocyte progenitors, megakaryocytes and platelets present a unique lipidome progressively enriched in polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA)-containing phospholipids. In vitro, inhibition of both exogenous fatty acid functionalization and uptake as well as de novo lipogenesis impaired megakaryocyte differentiation and proplatelet production. In vivo, mice on a high saturated fatty acid diet had significantly lower platelet counts, which was prevented by eating a PUFA-enriched diet. Fatty acid uptake was largely dependent on CD36, and its deletion in mice resulted in low platelets. Moreover, patients with a CD36 loss-of-function mutation exhibited thrombocytopenia and increased bleeding. Our results suggest that fatty acid uptake and regulation is essential for megakaryocyte maturation and platelet production and that changes in dietary fatty acids may be a viable target to modulate platelet counts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria N Barrachina
- Vascular Biology Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Department of Surgery, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Gerard Pernes
- Haematopoiesis and Leukocyte Biology, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Isabelle C Becker
- Vascular Biology Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Department of Surgery, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Isabelle Allaeys
- Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval and Centre de Recherche ARThrite, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Thomas I Hirsch
- Vascular Biology Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Department of Surgery, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Dafna J Groeneveld
- Department of Pathobiology and Diagnostic Investigation, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Abdullah O Khan
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
- MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine and National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Daniela Freire
- Vascular Biology Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Karen Guo
- Vascular Biology Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Estelle Carminita
- Vascular Biology Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Department of Surgery, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Pooranee K Morgan
- Haematopoiesis and Leukocyte Biology, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Thomas J C Collins
- Haematopoiesis and Leukocyte Biology, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Natalie A Mellett
- Metabolomics, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Zimu Wei
- Department of Pathobiology and Diagnostic Investigation, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Ibrahim Almazni
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Joseph E Italiano
- Vascular Biology Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Department of Surgery, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - James Luyendyk
- Department of Pathobiology and Diagnostic Investigation, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Peter J Meikle
- Metabolomics, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Mark Puder
- Vascular Biology Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Department of Surgery, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Neil V Morgan
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Eric Boilard
- Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval and Centre de Recherche ARThrite, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Andrew J Murphy
- Haematopoiesis and Leukocyte Biology, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Kellie R Machlus
- Vascular Biology Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
- Harvard Medical School, Department of Surgery, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
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4
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Gao H, Hamp T, Ede J, Schraiber JG, McRae J, Singer-Berk M, Yang Y, Dietrich ASD, Fiziev PP, Kuderna LFK, Sundaram L, Wu Y, Adhikari A, Field Y, Chen C, Batzoglou S, Aguet F, Lemire G, Reimers R, Balick D, Janiak MC, Kuhlwilm M, Orkin JD, Manu S, Valenzuela A, Bergman J, Rousselle M, Silva FE, Agueda L, Blanc J, Gut M, de Vries D, Goodhead I, Harris RA, Raveendran M, Jensen A, Chuma IS, Horvath JE, Hvilsom C, Juan D, Frandsen P, de Melo FR, Bertuol F, Byrne H, Sampaio I, Farias I, do Amaral JV, Messias M, da Silva MNF, Trivedi M, Rossi R, Hrbek T, Andriaholinirina N, Rabarivola CJ, Zaramody A, Jolly CJ, Phillips-Conroy J, Wilkerson G, Abee C, Simmons JH, Fernandez-Duque E, Kanthaswamy S, Shiferaw F, Wu D, Zhou L, Shao Y, Zhang G, Keyyu JD, Knauf S, Le MD, Lizano E, Merker S, Navarro A, Bataillon T, Nadler T, Khor CC, Lee J, Tan P, Lim WK, Kitchener AC, Zinner D, Gut I, Melin A, Guschanski K, Schierup MH, Beck RMD, Umapathy G, Roos C, Boubli JP, Lek M, Sunyaev S, O'Donnell-Luria A, Rehm HL, Xu J, Rogers J, Marques-Bonet T, Farh KKH. The landscape of tolerated genetic variation in humans and primates. Science 2023; 380:eabn8153. [PMID: 37262156 DOI: 10.1126/science.abn8197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 40.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Personalized genome sequencing has revealed millions of genetic differences between individuals, but our understanding of their clinical relevance remains largely incomplete. To systematically decipher the effects of human genetic variants, we obtained whole-genome sequencing data for 809 individuals from 233 primate species and identified 4.3 million common protein-altering variants with orthologs in humans. We show that these variants can be inferred to have nondeleterious effects in humans based on their presence at high allele frequencies in other primate populations. We use this resource to classify 6% of all possible human protein-altering variants as likely benign and impute the pathogenicity of the remaining 94% of variants with deep learning, achieving state-of-the-art accuracy for diagnosing pathogenic variants in patients with genetic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Gao
- Illumina Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, Illumina Inc., Foster City, CA, 94404, USA
| | - Tobias Hamp
- Illumina Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, Illumina Inc., Foster City, CA, 94404, USA
| | - Jeffrey Ede
- Illumina Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, Illumina Inc., Foster City, CA, 94404, USA
| | - Joshua G Schraiber
- Illumina Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, Illumina Inc., Foster City, CA, 94404, USA
| | - Jeremy McRae
- Illumina Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, Illumina Inc., Foster City, CA, 94404, USA
| | - Moriel Singer-Berk
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Boston, MA, 02142, USA
| | - Yanshen Yang
- Illumina Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, Illumina Inc., Foster City, CA, 94404, USA
| | | | - Petko P Fiziev
- Illumina Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, Illumina Inc., Foster City, CA, 94404, USA
| | - Lukas F K Kuderna
- Illumina Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, Illumina Inc., Foster City, CA, 94404, USA
- Institute of Evolutionary Biology (UPF-CSIC), PRBB, Dr. Aiguader 88, 08003 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Laksshman Sundaram
- Illumina Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, Illumina Inc., Foster City, CA, 94404, USA
| | - Yibing Wu
- Illumina Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, Illumina Inc., Foster City, CA, 94404, USA
| | - Aashish Adhikari
- Illumina Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, Illumina Inc., Foster City, CA, 94404, USA
| | - Yair Field
- Illumina Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, Illumina Inc., Foster City, CA, 94404, USA
| | - Chen Chen
- Illumina Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, Illumina Inc., Foster City, CA, 94404, USA
| | - Serafim Batzoglou
- Illumina Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, Illumina Inc., Foster City, CA, 94404, USA
| | - Francois Aguet
- Illumina Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, Illumina Inc., Foster City, CA, 94404, USA
| | - Gabrielle Lemire
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Boston, MA, 02142, USA
- Division of Genetics and Genomics, Department of Pediatrics, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Rebecca Reimers
- Division of Genetics and Genomics, Department of Pediatrics, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Daniel Balick
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Division of Genetics, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Mareike C Janiak
- School of Science, Engineering & Environment, University of Salford, Salford M5 4WT, UK
| | - Martin Kuhlwilm
- Institute of Evolutionary Biology (UPF-CSIC), PRBB, Dr. Aiguader 88, 08003 Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Evolutionary Anthropology, University of Vienna, Djerassiplatz 1, 1030 Vienna, Austria
- Human Evolution and Archaeological Sciences (HEAS), University of Vienna, 1030 Vienna, Austria
| | - Joseph D Orkin
- Institute of Evolutionary Biology (UPF-CSIC), PRBB, Dr. Aiguader 88, 08003 Barcelona, Spain
- Département d'anthropologie, Université de Montréal, 3150 Jean-Brillant, Montréal, QC H3T 1N8, Canada
| | - Shivakumara Manu
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
- Laboratory for the Conservation of Endangered Species, CSIR-Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Hyderabad 500007, India
| | - Alejandro Valenzuela
- Institute of Evolutionary Biology (UPF-CSIC), PRBB, Dr. Aiguader 88, 08003 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Juraj Bergman
- Bioinformatics Research Centre, Aarhus University, Aarhus 8000, Denmark
- Section for Ecoinformatics & Biodiversity, Department of Biology, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark
| | | | - Felipe Ennes Silva
- Research Group on Primate Biology and Conservation, Mamirauá Institute for Sustainable Development, Estrada da Bexiga 2584, Tefé, Amazonas, CEP 69553-225, Brazil
- Evolutionary Biology and Ecology (EBE), Département de Biologie des Organismes, Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Av. Franklin D. Roosevelt 50, CP 160/12, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Lidia Agueda
- CNAG-CRG, Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Baldiri i Reixac 4, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Julie Blanc
- CNAG-CRG, Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Baldiri i Reixac 4, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marta Gut
- CNAG-CRG, Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Baldiri i Reixac 4, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Dorien de Vries
- School of Science, Engineering & Environment, University of Salford, Salford M5 4WT, UK
| | - Ian Goodhead
- School of Science, Engineering & Environment, University of Salford, Salford M5 4WT, UK
| | - R Alan Harris
- Human Genome Sequencing Center and Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Muthuswamy Raveendran
- Human Genome Sequencing Center and Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Axel Jensen
- Department of Ecology and Genetics, Animal Ecology, Uppsala University, SE-75236 Uppsala, Sweden
| | | | - Julie E Horvath
- North Carolina Museum of Natural Sciences, Raleigh, NC 27601, USA
- Department of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, North Carolina Central University, Durham, NC 27707, USA
- Department of Biological Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA
- Department of Evolutionary Anthropology, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA
- Renaissance Computing Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | | | - David Juan
- Institute of Evolutionary Biology (UPF-CSIC), PRBB, Dr. Aiguader 88, 08003 Barcelona, Spain
| | | | | | - Fabrício Bertuol
- Universidade Federal do Amazonas, Departamento de Genética, Laboratório de Evolução e Genética Animal (LEGAL), Manaus, Amazonas, 69080-900, Brazil
| | - Hazel Byrne
- Department of Anthropology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84102, USA
| | - Iracilda Sampaio
- Universidade Federal do Para, Guamá, Belém - PA, 66075-110, Brazil
| | - Izeni Farias
- Universidade Federal do Amazonas, Departamento de Genética, Laboratório de Evolução e Genética Animal (LEGAL), Manaus, Amazonas, 69080-900, Brazil
| | - João Valsecchi do Amaral
- Research Group on Terrestrial Vertebrate Ecology, Mamirauá Institute for Sustainable Development, Tefé, Amazonas, 69553-225, Brazil
- Rede de Pesquisa para Estudos sobre Diversidade, Conservação e Uso da Fauna na Amazônia - RedeFauna, Manaus, Amazonas, 69080-900, Brazil
- Comunidad de Manejo de Fauna Silvestre en la Amazonía y en Latinoamérica - ComFauna, Iquitos, Loreto, 16001, Peru
| | - Mariluce Messias
- Universidade Federal de Rondonia, Porto Velho, Rondônia, 78900-000, Brazil
- PPGREN - Programa de Pós-Graduação "Conservação e Uso dos Recursos Naturais and BIONORTE - Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biodiversidade e Biotecnologia da Rede BIONORTE, Universidade Federal de Rondonia, Porto Velho, Rondônia, 78900-000, Brazil
| | - Maria N F da Silva
- Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazonia, Petrópolis, Manaus - AM, 69067-375, Brazil
| | - Mihir Trivedi
- Laboratory for the Conservation of Endangered Species, CSIR-Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Hyderabad 500007, India
| | - Rogerio Rossi
- Universidade Federal do Mato Grosso, Boa Esperança, Cuiabá - MT, 78060-900, Brazil
| | - Tomas Hrbek
- Universidade Federal do Amazonas, Departamento de Genética, Laboratório de Evolução e Genética Animal (LEGAL), Manaus, Amazonas, 69080-900, Brazil
- Department of Biology, Trinity University, San Antonio, TX 78212, USA
| | - Nicole Andriaholinirina
- Life Sciences and Environment, Technology and Environment of Mahajanga, University of Mahajanga, Mahajanga, 401, Madagascar
| | - Clément J Rabarivola
- Life Sciences and Environment, Technology and Environment of Mahajanga, University of Mahajanga, Mahajanga, 401, Madagascar
| | - Alphonse Zaramody
- Life Sciences and Environment, Technology and Environment of Mahajanga, University of Mahajanga, Mahajanga, 401, Madagascar
| | | | | | - Gregory Wilkerson
- Keeling Center for Comparative Medicine and Research, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Christian Abee
- Keeling Center for Comparative Medicine and Research, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Joe H Simmons
- Keeling Center for Comparative Medicine and Research, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Eduardo Fernandez-Duque
- Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
- Universidad Nacional de Formosa, Argentina Fundacion ECO, Formosa, Argentina
| | | | - Fekadu Shiferaw
- Guinea Worm Eradication Program, The Carter Center Ethiopia, PoB 16316, Addis Ababa 1000, Ethiopia
| | - Dongdong Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan 650223, China
| | - Long Zhou
- Center for Evolutionary & Organismal Biology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yong Shao
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan 650223, China
| | - Guojie Zhang
- Center for Evolutionary & Organismal Biology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Villum Center for Biodiversity Genomics, Section for Ecology and Evolution, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan 650223, China
- Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University Medical Center, 1369 West Wenyi Road, Hangzhou 311121, China
- Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 1 Xueshi Road, Shangcheng District, Hangzhou 310006, China
| | - Julius D Keyyu
- Tanzania Wildlife Research Institute (TAWIRI), Head Office, P.O. Box 661, Arusha, Tanzania
| | - Sascha Knauf
- Institute of International Animal Health/One Health, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Federal Research Institute for Animal Health, 17493 Greifswald - Insei Riems, Germany
| | - Minh D Le
- Department of Environmental Ecology, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, University of Science and Central Institute for Natural Resources and Environmental Studies, Vietnam National University, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam
| | - Esther Lizano
- Institute of Evolutionary Biology (UPF-CSIC), PRBB, Dr. Aiguader 88, 08003 Barcelona, Spain
- Catalan Institution of Research and Advanced Studies (ICREA), Passeig de Lluís Companys, 23, 08010 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Stefan Merker
- Department of Zoology, State Museum of Natural History Stuttgart, 70191 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Arcadi Navarro
- Institute of Evolutionary Biology (UPF-CSIC), PRBB, Dr. Aiguader 88, 08003 Barcelona, Spain
- Institut Català de Paleontologia Miquel Crusafont, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Edifici ICTA-ICP, c/ Columnes s/n, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Barcelona, Spain
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Av. Doctor Aiguader, N88, 08003 Barcelona, Spain
- BarcelonaBeta Brain Research Center, Pasqual Maragall Foundation, C. Wellington 30, 08005 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Thomas Bataillon
- Bioinformatics Research Centre, Aarhus University, Aarhus 8000, Denmark
| | - Tilo Nadler
- Cuc Phuong Commune, Nho Quan District, Ninh Binh Province 430000, Vietnam
| | - Chiea Chuen Khor
- Genome Institute of Singapore (GIS), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 60 Biopolis Street, Genome, Singapore 138672, Republic of Singapore
| | - Jessica Lee
- Mandai Nature, 80 Mandai Lake Road, Singapore 729826, Republic of Singapore
| | - Patrick Tan
- Genome Institute of Singapore (GIS), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 60 Biopolis Street, Genome, Singapore 138672, Republic of Singapore
- SingHealth Duke-NUS Institute of Precision Medicine (PRISM), Singapore 168582, Republic of Singapore
- Cancer and Stem Cell Biology Program, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore 168582, Republic of Singapore
| | - Weng Khong Lim
- SingHealth Duke-NUS Institute of Precision Medicine (PRISM), Singapore 168582, Republic of Singapore
- Cancer and Stem Cell Biology Program, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore 168582, Republic of Singapore
- SingHealth Duke-NUS Genomic Medicine Centre, Singapore 168582, Republic of Singapore
| | - Andrew C Kitchener
- Department of Natural Sciences, National Museums Scotland, Chambers Street, Edinburgh EH1 1JF, UK
- School of Geosciences, University of Edinburgh, Drummond Street, Edinburgh EH8 9XP, UK
| | - Dietmar Zinner
- Cognitive Ethology Laboratory, Germany Primate Center, Leibniz Institute for Primate Research, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
- Department of Primate Cognition, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
- Leibniz Science Campus Primate Cognition, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Ivo Gut
- CNAG-CRG, Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Baldiri i Reixac 4, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Pg. Luís Companys 23, 08010 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Amanda Melin
- Department of Anthropology & Archaeology, University of Calgary, 2500 University Dr NW, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada
- Department of Medical Genetics, 3330 Hospital Drive NW, HMRB 202, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada
- Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary, 2500 University Dr NW, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - Katerina Guschanski
- Department of Ecology and Genetics, Animal Ecology, Uppsala University, SE-75236 Uppsala, Sweden
- Institute of Ecology and Evolution, School of Biological Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH8 9XP, UK
| | | | - Robin M D Beck
- School of Science, Engineering & Environment, University of Salford, Salford M5 4WT, UK
| | - Govindhaswamy Umapathy
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
- Laboratory for the Conservation of Endangered Species, CSIR-Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Hyderabad 500007, India
| | - Christian Roos
- Gene Bank of Primates and Primate Genetics Laboratory, German Primate Center, Leibniz Institute for Primate Research, Kellnerweg 4, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Jean P Boubli
- School of Science, Engineering & Environment, University of Salford, Salford M5 4WT, UK
| | - Monkol Lek
- Department of Genetics, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Shamil Sunyaev
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Division of Genetics, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Anne O'Donnell-Luria
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Boston, MA, 02142, USA
- Division of Genetics and Genomics, Department of Pediatrics, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Heidi L Rehm
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Boston, MA, 02142, USA
- Department of Genetics, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Jinbo Xu
- Illumina Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, Illumina Inc., Foster City, CA, 94404, USA
- Toyota Technological Institute at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Jeffrey Rogers
- Human Genome Sequencing Center and Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Tomas Marques-Bonet
- Institute of Evolutionary Biology (UPF-CSIC), PRBB, Dr. Aiguader 88, 08003 Barcelona, Spain
- CNAG-CRG, Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Baldiri i Reixac 4, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- Catalan Institution of Research and Advanced Studies (ICREA), Passeig de Lluís Companys, 23, 08010 Barcelona, Spain
- Institut Català de Paleontologia Miquel Crusafont, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Edifici ICTA-ICP, c/ Columnes s/n, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Kyle Kai-How Farh
- Illumina Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, Illumina Inc., Foster City, CA, 94404, USA
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5
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Gao H, Hamp T, Ede J, Schraiber JG, McRae J, Singer-Berk M, Yang Y, Dietrich A, Fiziev P, Kuderna L, Sundaram L, Wu Y, Adhikari A, Field Y, Chen C, Batzoglou S, Aguet F, Lemire G, Reimers R, Balick D, Janiak MC, Kuhlwilm M, Orkin JD, Manu S, Valenzuela A, Bergman J, Rouselle M, Silva FE, Agueda L, Blanc J, Gut M, de Vries D, Goodhead I, Harris RA, Raveendran M, Jensen A, Chuma IS, Horvath J, Hvilsom C, Juan D, Frandsen P, de Melo FR, Bertuol F, Byrne H, Sampaio I, Farias I, do Amaral JV, Messias M, da Silva MNF, Trivedi M, Rossi R, Hrbek T, Andriaholinirina N, Rabarivola CJ, Zaramody A, Jolly CJ, Phillips-Conroy J, Wilkerson G, Abee C, Simmons JH, Fernandez-Duque E, Kanthaswamy S, Shiferaw F, Wu D, Zhou L, Shao Y, Zhang G, Keyyu JD, Knauf S, Le MD, Lizano E, Merker S, Navarro A, Batallion T, Nadler T, Khor CC, Lee J, Tan P, Lim WK, Kitchener AC, Zinner D, Gut I, Melin A, Guschanski K, Schierup MH, Beck RMD, Umapathy G, Roos C, Boubli JP, Lek M, Sunyaev S, O’Donnell A, Rehm H, Xu J, Rogers J, Marques-Bonet T, Kai-How Farh K. The landscape of tolerated genetic variation in humans and primates. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.05.01.538953. [PMID: 37205491 PMCID: PMC10187174 DOI: 10.1101/2023.05.01.538953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Personalized genome sequencing has revealed millions of genetic differences between individuals, but our understanding of their clinical relevance remains largely incomplete. To systematically decipher the effects of human genetic variants, we obtained whole genome sequencing data for 809 individuals from 233 primate species, and identified 4.3 million common protein-altering variants with orthologs in human. We show that these variants can be inferred to have non-deleterious effects in human based on their presence at high allele frequencies in other primate populations. We use this resource to classify 6% of all possible human protein-altering variants as likely benign and impute the pathogenicity of the remaining 94% of variants with deep learning, achieving state-of-the-art accuracy for diagnosing pathogenic variants in patients with genetic diseases. One Sentence Summary Deep learning classifier trained on 4.3 million common primate missense variants predicts variant pathogenicity in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Gao
- Illumina Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, Illumina Inc.; Foster City, California, 94404, USA
| | - Tobias Hamp
- Illumina Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, Illumina Inc.; Foster City, California, 94404, USA
| | - Jeffrey Ede
- Illumina Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, Illumina Inc.; Foster City, California, 94404, USA
| | - Joshua G. Schraiber
- Illumina Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, Illumina Inc.; Foster City, California, 94404, USA
| | - Jeremy McRae
- Illumina Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, Illumina Inc.; Foster City, California, 94404, USA
| | - Moriel Singer-Berk
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard; Boston, Massachusetts, 02142, USA
| | - Yanshen Yang
- Illumina Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, Illumina Inc.; Foster City, California, 94404, USA
| | - Anastasia Dietrich
- Illumina Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, Illumina Inc.; Foster City, California, 94404, USA
| | - Petko Fiziev
- Illumina Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, Illumina Inc.; Foster City, California, 94404, USA
| | - Lukas Kuderna
- Illumina Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, Illumina Inc.; Foster City, California, 94404, USA
- Institute of Evolutionary Biology (UPF-CSIC); PRBB, Dr. Aiguader 88, 08003 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Laksshman Sundaram
- Illumina Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, Illumina Inc.; Foster City, California, 94404, USA
| | - Yibing Wu
- Illumina Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, Illumina Inc.; Foster City, California, 94404, USA
| | - Aashish Adhikari
- Illumina Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, Illumina Inc.; Foster City, California, 94404, USA
| | - Yair Field
- Illumina Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, Illumina Inc.; Foster City, California, 94404, USA
| | - Chen Chen
- Illumina Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, Illumina Inc.; Foster City, California, 94404, USA
| | - Serafim Batzoglou
- Illumina Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, Illumina Inc.; Foster City, California, 94404, USA
| | - Francois Aguet
- Illumina Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, Illumina Inc.; Foster City, California, 94404, USA
| | - Gabrielle Lemire
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard; Boston, Massachusetts, 02142, USA
- Division of Genetics and Genomics, Department of Pediatrics, Boston Children’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School; Boston, Massachusetts, 02115, USA
| | - Rebecca Reimers
- Division of Genetics and Genomics, Department of Pediatrics, Boston Children’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School; Boston, Massachusetts, 02115, USA
| | - Daniel Balick
- Division of Genetics, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School; Boston, Massachusetts, 02115, USA
| | - Mareike C. Janiak
- School of Science, Engineering & Environment, University of Salford; Salford, M5 4WT, United Kingdom
| | - Martin Kuhlwilm
- Institute of Evolutionary Biology (UPF-CSIC); PRBB, Dr. Aiguader 88, 08003 Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Evolutionary Anthropology, University of Vienna; Djerassiplatz 1, 1030, Vienna, Austria
- Human Evolution and Archaeological Sciences (HEAS), University of Vienna; 1030, Vienna, Austria
| | - Joseph D. Orkin
- Institute of Evolutionary Biology (UPF-CSIC); PRBB, Dr. Aiguader 88, 08003 Barcelona, Spain
- Département d’anthropologie, Université de Montréal; 3150 Jean-Brillant, Montréal, QC, H3T 1N8, Canada
| | - Shivakumara Manu
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR); Ghaziabad, 201002, India
- Laboratory for the Conservation of Endangered Species, CSIR-Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology; Hyderabad, 500007, India
| | - Alejandro Valenzuela
- Institute of Evolutionary Biology (UPF-CSIC); PRBB, Dr. Aiguader 88, 08003 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Juraj Bergman
- Bioinformatics Research Centre, Aarhus University; Aarhus, 8000, Denmark
- Section for Ecoinformatics & Biodiversity, Department of Biology, Aarhus University; Aarhus, 8000, Denmark
| | | | - Felipe Ennes Silva
- Research Group on Primate Biology and Conservation, Mamirauá Institute for Sustainable Development; Estrada da Bexiga 2584, Tefé, Amazonas, CEP 69553-225, Brazil
- Faculty of Sciences, Department of Organismal Biology, Unit of Evolutionary Biology and Ecology, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB); Avenue Franklin D. Roosevelt 50, 1050, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Lidia Agueda
- CNAG-CRG, Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST); Baldiri i Reixac 4, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Julie Blanc
- CNAG-CRG, Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST); Baldiri i Reixac 4, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marta Gut
- CNAG-CRG, Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST); Baldiri i Reixac 4, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Dorien de Vries
- School of Science, Engineering & Environment, University of Salford; Salford, M5 4WT, United Kingdom
| | - Ian Goodhead
- School of Science, Engineering & Environment, University of Salford; Salford, M5 4WT, United Kingdom
| | - R. Alan Harris
- Human Genome Sequencing Center and Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine; Houston, Texas, 77030, USA
| | - Muthuswamy Raveendran
- Human Genome Sequencing Center and Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine; Houston, Texas, 77030, USA
| | - Axel Jensen
- Department of Ecology and Genetics, Animal Ecology, Uppsala University; SE-75236, Uppsala, Sweden
| | | | - Julie Horvath
- North Carolina Museum of Natural Sciences; Raleigh, North Carolina, 27601, USA
- Department of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, North Carolina Central University; Durham, North Carolina , 27707, USA
- Department of Biological Sciences, North Carolina State University; Raleigh, North Carolina , 27695, USA
- Department of Evolutionary Anthropology, Duke University; Durham, North Carolina , 27708, USA
- Renaissance Computing Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | | | - David Juan
- Institute of Evolutionary Biology (UPF-CSIC); PRBB, Dr. Aiguader 88, 08003 Barcelona, Spain
| | | | | | - Fabricio Bertuol
- Universidade Federal do Amazonas, Departamento de Genética, Laboratório de Evolução e Genética Animal (LEGAL); Manaus, Amazonas, 69080-900, Brazil
| | - Hazel Byrne
- Department of Anthropology, University of Utah; Salt Lake City, Utah, 84102, USA
| | - Iracilda Sampaio
- Universidade Federal do Para; Guamá, Belém - PA, 66075-110, Brazil
| | - Izeni Farias
- Universidade Federal do Amazonas, Departamento de Genética, Laboratório de Evolução e Genética Animal (LEGAL); Manaus, Amazonas, 69080-900, Brazil
| | - João Valsecchi do Amaral
- Research Group on Terrestrial Vertebrate Ecology, Mamirauá Institute for Sustainable Development; Tefé, Amazonas, 69553-225, Brazil
- Rede de Pesquisa para Estudos sobre Diversidade, Conservação e Uso da Fauna na Amazônia – RedeFauna; Manaus, Amazonas, 69080-900, Brazil
- Comunidad de Manejo de Fauna Silvestre en la Amazonía y en Latinoamérica – ComFauna; Iquitos, Loreto, 16001, Peru
| | - Mariluce Messias
- Universidade Federal de Rondonia; Porto Velho, Rondônia, 78900-000, Brazil
- PPGREN - Programa de Pós-Graduação “Conservação e Uso dos Recursos Naturais and BIONORTE - Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biodiversidade e Biotecnologia da Rede BIONORTE, Universidade Federal de Rondonia; Porto Velho, Rondônia, 78900-000, Brazil
| | - Maria N. F. da Silva
- Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazonia; Petrópolis, Manaus - AM, 69067-375, Brazil
| | - Mihir Trivedi
- Laboratory for the Conservation of Endangered Species, CSIR-Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology; Hyderabad, 500007, India
| | - Rogerio Rossi
- Universidade Federal do Mato Grosso; Boa Esperança, Cuiabá - MT, 78060-900, Brazil
| | - Tomas Hrbek
- Universidade Federal do Amazonas, Departamento de Genética, Laboratório de Evolução e Genética Animal (LEGAL); Manaus, Amazonas, 69080-900, Brazil
- Department of Biology, Trinity University; San Antonio, Texas, 78212, USA
| | - Nicole Andriaholinirina
- Life Sciences and Environment, Technology and Environment of Mahajanga, University of Mahajanga; Mahajanga, 401, Madagascar
| | - Clément J. Rabarivola
- Life Sciences and Environment, Technology and Environment of Mahajanga, University of Mahajanga; Mahajanga, 401, Madagascar
| | - Alphonse Zaramody
- Life Sciences and Environment, Technology and Environment of Mahajanga, University of Mahajanga; Mahajanga, 401, Madagascar
| | | | | | - Gregory Wilkerson
- Keeling Center for Comparative Medicine and Research, MD Anderson Cancer Center; Houston, Texas, 77030, USA
| | | | - Joe H. Simmons
- Keeling Center for Comparative Medicine and Research, MD Anderson Cancer Center; Houston, Texas, 77030, USA
| | - Eduardo Fernandez-Duque
- Yale University; New Haven, Connecticut, 06520, USA
- Universidad Nacional de Formosa, Argentina Fundacion ECO, Formosa, Argentina
| | | | | | - Dongdong Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences; Kunming, Yunnan, 650223, China
| | - Long Zhou
- Center for Evolutionary & Organismal Biology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Yong Shao
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences; Kunming, Yunnan, 650223, China
| | - Guojie Zhang
- Center for Evolutionary & Organismal Biology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- Villum Center for Biodiversity Genomics, Section for Ecology and Evolution, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen; Copenhagen, DK-2100, Denmark
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, 650223, China
- Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University Medical Center; 1369 West Wenyi Road, Hangzhou, 311121, China
- Women’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University; 1 Xueshi Road, Shangcheng District, Hangzhou, 310006, China
| | - Julius D. Keyyu
- Tanzania Wildlife Research Institute (TAWIRI), Head Office; P.O.Box 661, Arusha, Tanzania
| | - Sascha Knauf
- Institute of International Animal Health/One Health, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Federal Research Institute for Animal Health; 17493 Greifswald - Isle of Riems, Germany
| | - Minh D. Le
- Department of Environmental Ecology, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, University of Science and Central Institute for Natural Resources and Environmental Studies, Vietnam National University; Hanoi, 100000, Vietnam
| | - Esther Lizano
- Institute of Evolutionary Biology (UPF-CSIC); PRBB, Dr. Aiguader 88, 08003 Barcelona, Spain
- Institut Català de Paleontologia Miquel Crusafont, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Catalan Institution of Research and Advanced Studies (ICREA), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Stefan Merker
- Department of Zoology, State Museum of Natural History Stuttgart; 70191 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Arcadi Navarro
- Institute of Evolutionary Biology (UPF-CSIC); PRBB, Dr. Aiguader 88, 08003 Barcelona, Spain
- Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA) and Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Pg. Luís Companys 23, Barcelona, 08010, Spain
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology; Av. Doctor Aiguader, N88, Barcelona, 08003, Spain
- BarcelonaBeta Brain Research Center, Pasqual Maragall Foundation; C. Wellington 30, Barcelona, 08005, Spain
| | - Thomas Batallion
- Bioinformatics Research Centre, Aarhus University; Aarhus, 8000, Denmark
| | - Tilo Nadler
- Cuc Phuong Commune; Nho Quan District, Ninh Binh Province, 430000, Vietnam
| | - Chiea Chuen Khor
- Genome Institute of Singapore (GIS), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 60 Biopolis Street, Genome, Singapore 138672, Republic of Singapore
| | - Jessica Lee
- Mandai Nature; 80 Mandai Lake Road, Singapore 729826, Republic of Singapore
| | - Patrick Tan
- Genome Institute of Singapore (GIS), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 60 Biopolis Street, Genome, Singapore 138672, Republic of Singapore
- SingHealth Duke-NUS Institute of Precision Medicine (PRISM); Singapore 168582, Republic of Singapore
- Cancer and Stem Cell Biology Program, Duke-NUS Medical School; Singapore 168582, Republic of Singapore
| | - Weng Khong Lim
- SingHealth Duke-NUS Institute of Precision Medicine (PRISM); Singapore 168582, Republic of Singapore
- Cancer and Stem Cell Biology Program, Duke-NUS Medical School; Singapore 168582, Republic of Singapore
- SingHealth Duke-NUS Genomic Medicine Centre; Singapore 168582, Republic of Singapore
| | - Andrew C. Kitchener
- Department of Natural Sciences, National Museums Scotland; Chambers Street, Edinburgh, EH1 1JF, UK
- School of Geosciences, University of Edinburgh; Drummond Street, Edinburgh, EH8 9XP, UK
| | - Dietmar Zinner
- Cognitive Ethology Laboratory, Germany Primate Center, Leibniz Institute for Primate Research; 37077 Göttingen, Germany
- Department of Primate Cognition, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen; 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Ivo Gut
- CNAG-CRG, Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST); Baldiri i Reixac 4, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Pg. Luís Companys 23, Barcelona, 08010, Spain
| | - Amanda Melin
- Leibniz Science Campus Primate Cognition; 37077 Göttingen, Germany
- Department of Anthropology & Archaeology and Department of Medical Genetics
| | - Katerina Guschanski
- Department of Ecology and Genetics, Animal Ecology, Uppsala University; SE-75236, Uppsala, Sweden
- Alberta Children’s Hospital Research Institute; University of Calgary; 2500 University Dr NW T2N 1N4, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | | | - Robin M. D. Beck
- School of Science, Engineering & Environment, University of Salford; Salford, M5 4WT, United Kingdom
| | - Govindhaswamy Umapathy
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR); Ghaziabad, 201002, India
- Laboratory for the Conservation of Endangered Species, CSIR-Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology; Hyderabad, 500007, India
| | - Christian Roos
- Institute of Evolutionary Biology, School of Biological Sciences, University of Edinburgh; Edinburgh, EH8 9XP, UK
| | - Jean P. Boubli
- School of Science, Engineering & Environment, University of Salford; Salford, M5 4WT, United Kingdom
| | - Monkol Lek
- Gene Bank of Primates and Primate Genetics Laboratory, German Primate Center, Leibniz Institute for Primate Research; Kellnerweg 4, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Shamil Sunyaev
- Division of Genetics, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School; Boston, Massachusetts, 02115, USA
- Department of Genetics, Yale School of Medicine; New Haven, Connecticut, 06520, USA
| | - Anne O’Donnell
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard; Boston, Massachusetts, 02142, USA
- Division of Genetics and Genomics, Department of Pediatrics, Boston Children’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School; Boston, Massachusetts, 02115, USA
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, 02115, USA
| | - Heidi Rehm
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard; Boston, Massachusetts, 02142, USA
- Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School; Boston, Massachusetts, 02115, USA
| | - Jinbo Xu
- Illumina Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, Illumina Inc.; Foster City, California, 94404, USA
- Toyota Technological Institute at Chicago; Chicago, Illinois, 60637, USA
| | - Jeffrey Rogers
- Human Genome Sequencing Center and Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine; Houston, Texas, 77030, USA
| | - Tomas Marques-Bonet
- Institute of Evolutionary Biology (UPF-CSIC); PRBB, Dr. Aiguader 88, 08003 Barcelona, Spain
- CNAG-CRG, Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST); Baldiri i Reixac 4, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
- Institut Català de Paleontologia Miquel Crusafont, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Catalan Institution of Research and Advanced Studies (ICREA), Barcelona, Spain
- Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA) and Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Pg. Luís Companys 23, Barcelona, 08010, Spain
| | - Kyle Kai-How Farh
- Illumina Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, Illumina Inc.; Foster City, California, 94404, USA
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6
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Yang JY, Zhang L, Zhang TT, Wang CC, Zhao YC, Li XY, Wang YM, Xue CH. Eicosapentaenoic acid-enriched phospholipids alleviate glucose and lipid metabolism in spontaneously hypertensive rats with CD36 mutation: a precise nutrition strategy. Food Funct 2023; 14:2349-2361. [PMID: 36843452 DOI: 10.1039/d2fo03016k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
Abstract
Previous studies have found that eicosapentaenoic acid-enriched phospholipids (EPA-PLs) alleviated glucose and lipid metabolism, which was accompanied by an increase of cluster of differentiation 36 (CD36). However, the effects of EPA-PLs on glucose and lipid metabolism in the case of CD36 mutation are unclear. Thus, spontaneously hypertensive rats/NCrl (SHR) were used as a CD36 mutation model to determine the effects of dietary 2% EPA-PLs for 4 weeks on glucose and lipid metabolism. The results showed that the intervention of EPA-PLs significantly alleviated the abnormal increase of serum free fatty acid levels and glycerol levels in SHRs. Moreover, the administration of EPA-PLs decreased the triglyceride levels and cholesterol levels by 31.1% and 37.9%, respectively, in the liver. Dietary EPA-PLs had no effect on epididymal fat weight, but EPA-PLs inhibited adipocyte hypertrophy in SHRs. Further mechanistic research found that EPA-PL pretreatment significantly reduced triacylglycerol catabolism and increased fatty acid β-oxidation. Additionally, the administration of EPA-PLs decreased the area under the curve of the intraperitoneal glucose tolerance test and fasting serum insulin levels by activating the IRS/PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. Furthermore, EPA-PL pretreatment significantly increased the CD36 gene expression in the liver tissues, adipose tissues and muscle tissues even in the case of CD36 mutation. These results indicated that EPA-PLs alleviate glucose and lipid metabolism in the case of CD36 mutation, which provides a precise nutrition strategy for people with CD36 mutation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Yue Yang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266404, Shandong, People's Republic of China.
| | - Lingyu Zhang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266404, Shandong, People's Republic of China. .,College of Food and Biological Engineering, Jimei University, Xiamen, 361021, Fujian, People's Republic of China
| | - Tian-Tian Zhang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266404, Shandong, People's Republic of China.
| | - Cheng-Cheng Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266404, Shandong, People's Republic of China.
| | - Ying-Cai Zhao
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266404, Shandong, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xiao-Yue Li
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266404, Shandong, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yu-Ming Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266404, Shandong, People's Republic of China. .,Laboratory of Marine Drugs & Biological Products, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao), Qingdao 266237, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China.
| | - Chang-Hu Xue
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266404, Shandong, People's Republic of China. .,Laboratory of Marine Drugs & Biological Products, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao), Qingdao 266237, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China.
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7
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Barrachina MN, Pernes G, Becker IC, Allaeys I, Hirsch TI, Groeneveld DJ, Khan AO, Freire D, Guo K, Carminita E, Morgan PK, Collins TJ, Mellett NA, Wei Z, Almazni I, Italiano JE, Luyendyk J, Meikle PJ, Puder M, Morgan NV, Boilard E, Murphy AJ, Machlus KR. Efficient megakaryopoiesis and platelet production require phospholipid remodeling and PUFA uptake through CD36. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.02.12.527706. [PMID: 36798332 PMCID: PMC9934665 DOI: 10.1101/2023.02.12.527706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
Abstract
Lipids contribute to hematopoiesis and membrane properties and dynamics, however, little is known about the role of lipids in megakaryopoiesis. Here, a lipidomic analysis of megakaryocyte progenitors, megakaryocytes, and platelets revealed a unique lipidome progressively enriched in polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA)-containing phospholipids. In vitro, inhibition of both exogenous fatty acid functionalization and uptake and de novo lipogenesis impaired megakaryocyte differentiation and proplatelet production. In vivo, mice on a high saturated fatty acid diet had significantly lower platelet counts, which was prevented by eating a PUFA-enriched diet. Fatty acid uptake was largely dependent on CD36, and its deletion in mice resulted in thrombocytopenia. Moreover, patients with a CD36 loss-of-function mutation exhibited thrombocytopenia and increased bleeding. Our results suggest that fatty acid uptake and regulation is essential for megakaryocyte maturation and platelet production, and that changes in dietary fatty acids may be a novel and viable target to modulate platelet counts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria N Barrachina
- Vascular Biology Program, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA, 02115 USA
- Harvard Medical School, Department of Surgery, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA, 02115 USA
| | - Gerard Pernes
- Haematopoiesis and Leukocyte Biology, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Isabelle C Becker
- Vascular Biology Program, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA, 02115 USA
- Harvard Medical School, Department of Surgery, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA, 02115 USA
| | - Isabelle Allaeys
- Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval and Centre de Recherche ARThrite, Québec, QC, G1V4G2 Canada
| | - Thomas I. Hirsch
- Vascular Biology Program, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA, 02115 USA
- Harvard Medical School, Department of Surgery, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA, 02115 USA
| | - Dafna J Groeneveld
- Department of Pathobiology and Diagnostic Investigation, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Abdullah O. Khan
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Vincent Drive, Birmingham, U.K, B15 2TT
- MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine and National Institute of Health Research (NIHR) Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford, U.K. OX3 9DS
| | - Daniela Freire
- Vascular Biology Program, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA, 02115 USA
| | - Karen Guo
- Vascular Biology Program, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA, 02115 USA
| | - Estelle Carminita
- Vascular Biology Program, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA, 02115 USA
- Harvard Medical School, Department of Surgery, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA, 02115 USA
| | - Pooranee K Morgan
- Haematopoiesis and Leukocyte Biology, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Thomas J Collins
- Haematopoiesis and Leukocyte Biology, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Natalie A Mellett
- Metabolomics, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Zimu Wei
- Department of Pathobiology and Diagnostic Investigation, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Ibrahim Almazni
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Vincent Drive, Birmingham, U.K, B15 2TT
| | - Joseph E. Italiano
- Vascular Biology Program, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA, 02115 USA
- Harvard Medical School, Department of Surgery, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA, 02115 USA
| | - James Luyendyk
- Department of Pathobiology and Diagnostic Investigation, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Peter J Meikle
- Metabolomics, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Mark Puder
- Vascular Biology Program, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA, 02115 USA
- Harvard Medical School, Department of Surgery, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA, 02115 USA
| | - Neil V. Morgan
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Vincent Drive, Birmingham, U.K, B15 2TT
| | - Eric Boilard
- Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval and Centre de Recherche ARThrite, Québec, QC, G1V4G2 Canada
| | - Andrew J Murphy
- Haematopoiesis and Leukocyte Biology, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Kellie R Machlus
- Vascular Biology Program, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA, 02115 USA
- Harvard Medical School, Department of Surgery, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA, 02115 USA
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Host susceptibility genes of asymptomatic malaria from South Central Timor, Eastern Indonesia. Parasitol Res 2023; 122:61-75. [PMID: 36284023 DOI: 10.1007/s00436-022-07696-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Host genetic factors, such as the genes for various cytokines and adhesion molecules, play a significant role in determining susceptibility to malaria infection. Polymorphisms in host genes have been correlated with malaria infection in both African and Asian regions. The purpose of this study was to investigate the association between both cytokine and adhesion molecule genotypes with susceptibility to malaria infection in humans. Ten cytokine polymorphism loci (IL4 + 33, IL4-590, IL6-174, IL10-1082, IL10-1035, IL12p40, TNF-238, TNF-308, TNF-1031, and TNF-β) and three adhesion molecule polymorphism loci (CD36 exon 10, ICAM-1 Kilifi, and ICAM-1 exon 6) were genotyped using PCR-RFLP analysis. We conducted this study on 178 asymptomatic malaria subjects and 122 uninfected subjects. Results showed that certain CD36 exon 10 and IL10-3575 polymorphisms were associated with asymptomatic infection. The heterozygous (GT) and homozygous (GG) genotypes for CD36 exon 10 are associated with an increased risk of malaria infection. On the other hand, the homozygous genotype (AA) for IL10-3575 reduced the risk of asymptomatic malaria infection. No significant differences were found for the other polymorphisms studied. We also found that a polymorphism in CD36 exon 10 was strongly associated with asymptomatic malaria caused specifically by Plasmodium vivax. These findings suggest that the G allele of CD36 exon 10 is associated with an increased risk of asymptomatic malaria infection. On the other hand, the genotype AA for IL10-3575 was associated with a reduced risk of malaria infection.
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Genetic modulation of anemia severity, hemolysis level, and hospitalization rate in Angolan children with Sickle Cell Anemia. Mol Biol Rep 2022; 49:10347-10356. [PMID: 36097125 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-022-07831-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Revised: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sickle Cell Anemia (SCA) is a genetic disease caused by the c.20 A > T mutation in HBB gene, generally characterized by sickle erythrocytes, chronic hemolytic anemia, and vaso-occlusive events. This study aimed to investigate genetic modulators of anemia severity, chronic hemolytic rate, and clinical manifestations in pediatric SCA patients from Angola, where the disease is a severe public health problem. METHODS AND RESULTS The study was conducted on 200 SCA children living in Luanda or Caxito province. Their clinical phenotype was collected from patients' hospital records. Hematological and biochemical phenotypes were characterized in steady state condition. Twelve polymorphic regions in VCAM1, CD36 and NOS3 genes were genotyped using PCR, RFLP, and Sanger sequencing. CD36 gene promoter variants showed a significant impact on anemia severity. Particularly, the rs1413661_C allele was associated with lower hemoglobin levels, and increased number of hospitalizations and transfusions. This is the first report associating this SNP with SCA phenotypic heterogeneity. Moreover, the rs1041163_C allele in VCAM1 was associated with lower LDH levels; inversely the rs2070744_C allele in NOS3 was related with higher LDH levels and number of hospitalizations, being a risk factor for increased hemolytic rate. CONCLUSION This study highlights, for the first time in the Angolan population, the importance of the genetic modifiers of vascular cell adhesion and nitric oxide metabolism in SCA pediatric phenotypic variability.
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10
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Topazian HM, Moser KA, Ngasala B, Oluoch PO, Forconi CS, Mhamilawa LE, Aydemir O, Kharabora O, Deutsch-Feldman M, Read AF, Denton M, Lorenzo A, Mideo N, Ogutu B, Moormann AM, Mårtensson A, Odwar B, Bailey JA, Akala H, Ong'echa JM, Juliano JJ. Low Complexity of Infection Is Associated With Molecular Persistence of Plasmodium falciparum in Kenya and Tanzania. FRONTIERS IN EPIDEMIOLOGY 2022; 2:852237. [PMID: 38455314 PMCID: PMC10910917 DOI: 10.3389/fepid.2022.852237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
Background Plasmodium falciparum resistance to artemisinin-based combination therapies (ACTs) is a threat to malaria elimination. ACT-resistance in Asia raises concerns for emergence of resistance in Africa. While most data show high efficacy of ACT regimens in Africa, there have been reports describing declining efficacy, as measured by both clinical failure and prolonged parasite clearance times. Methods Three hundred children aged 2-10 years with uncomplicated P. falciparum infection were enrolled in Kenya and Tanzania after receiving treatment with artemether-lumefantrine. Blood samples were taken at 0, 24, 48, and 72 h, and weekly thereafter until 28 days post-treatment. Parasite and host genetics were assessed, as well as clinical, behavioral, and environmental characteristics, and host anti-malarial serologic response. Results While there was a broad range of clearance rates at both sites, 85% and 96% of Kenyan and Tanzanian samples, respectively, were qPCR-positive but microscopy-negative at 72 h post-treatment. A greater complexity of infection (COI) was negatively associated with qPCR-detectable parasitemia at 72 h (OR: 0.70, 95% CI: 0.53-0.94), and a greater baseline parasitemia was marginally associated with qPCR-detectable parasitemia (1,000 parasites/uL change, OR: 1.02, 95% CI: 1.01-1.03). Demographic, serological, and host genotyping characteristics showed no association with qPCR-detectable parasitemia at 72 h. Parasite haplotype-specific clearance slopes were grouped around the mean with no association detected between specific haplotypes and slower clearance rates. Conclusions Identifying risk factors for slow clearing P. falciparum infections, such as COI, are essential for ongoing surveillance of ACT treatment failure in Kenya, Tanzania, and more broadly in sub-Saharan Africa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hillary M. Topazian
- Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, Imperial College, London, United Kingdom
| | - Kara A. Moser
- Institute for Global Health and Infectious Diseases, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - Billy Ngasala
- Department of Parasitology and Medical Entomology, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
| | - Peter O. Oluoch
- Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, United States
- Center for Global Health Research, Kenyan Medical Research Institute, Kisumu, Kenya
| | - Catherine S. Forconi
- Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, United States
| | - Lwidiko E. Mhamilawa
- Department of Parasitology and Medical Entomology, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, International Maternal and Child Health, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Ozkan Aydemir
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Brown University, Providence, RI, United States
| | - Oksana Kharabora
- Institute for Global Health and Infectious Diseases, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - Molly Deutsch-Feldman
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - Andrew F. Read
- Department of Entomology, Penn State University, University Park, PA, United States
| | - Madeline Denton
- Institute for Global Health and Infectious Diseases, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - Antonio Lorenzo
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Nicole Mideo
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Bernhards Ogutu
- Center for Global Health Research, Kenyan Medical Research Institute, Kisumu, Kenya
| | - Ann M. Moormann
- Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, United States
| | - Andreas Mårtensson
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, International Maternal and Child Health, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Boaz Odwar
- Center for Global Health Research, Kenyan Medical Research Institute, Kisumu, Kenya
| | - Jeffrey A. Bailey
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Brown University, Providence, RI, United States
| | - Hoseah Akala
- Center for Global Health Research, Kenyan Medical Research Institute, Kisumu, Kenya
| | | | - Jonathan J. Juliano
- Institute for Global Health and Infectious Diseases, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
- Division of Infectious Diseases, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
- Curriculum in Genetics and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
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11
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A systematic review and meta-analysis on the association between CD36 rs1761667 polymorphism and cardiometabolic risk factors in adults. Sci Rep 2022; 12:5916. [PMID: 35396566 PMCID: PMC8993862 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-09908-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
The cluster of differentiation 36 (CD36) is one of the main receptors implicated in the pathogenesis of the cardiovascular disease. This study aimed to assess the association between CD36 rs1761667 polymorphism and cardiometabolic risk factors including body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride, HDL-C, LDL-C, blood pressure and fasting blood glucose (FBG). PubMed, EMBASE, Scopus, web of science, and Google Scholar were searched up to December 2021. Subgroup and meta-regression analyses were conducted to explore sources of heterogeneity. Eighteen eligible studies (6317 participants) were included in the study. In the overall analysis, a significant association was found between rs1761667 polymorphism of CD36 and TG in allelic (p < 0.001), recessive (p = 0.001) and homozygous (p = 0.006) models. A relationship between this polymorphism and HDL-C and FBG level was observed in the recessive genetic model. In the subgroup analysis, the A allele was associated with impaired lipid profiles (TC, LDL-C and HDL-C) in the Asian population. The influences of health status, design of the study, confounders, and other sources of heterogeneity should be considered when interpreting present findings. Cohort studies with large sample size and in different ethnicities are needed to confirm the relationship between rs1761667 SNP and cardiometabolic risk factors.
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12
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Wang Q, Tang Y, Pan Z, Yuan Y, Zou Y, Zhang H, Guo X, Guo W, Huang X, Wu Z, Li C, Xu Q, Song J, Deng C. RNA-seq-based transcriptome analysis of the anti-inflammatory effect of artesunate in the early treatment of the mouse cerebral malaria model. Mol Omics 2022; 18:716-730. [DOI: 10.1039/d1mo00491c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The present study provides new insights into the molecular mechanisms by which artesunate improves prognosis in cerebral malaria, in particular inhibition of host cytokine storm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Wang
- Artemisinin Research Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P. R. China
- Institute of Pulmonary Disease, Guangzhou Chest Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Yexiao Tang
- Artemisinin Research Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P. R. China
- Guangzhou Eighth People’s Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Ziyi Pan
- Artemisinin Research Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Yueming Yuan
- Artemisinin Research Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P. R. China
- Institute of Science and Technology, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Yuanyuan Zou
- Artemisinin Research Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Hongying Zhang
- Artemisinin Research Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P. R. China
- Institute of Science and Technology, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Xueying Guo
- Artemisinin Research Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Wenfeng Guo
- Artemisinin Research Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P. R. China
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Xinan Huang
- Artemisinin Research Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P. R. China
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Zhibin Wu
- Institute of Science and Technology, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Changqing Li
- Artemisinin Research Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P. R. China
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Qin Xu
- Artemisinin Research Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P. R. China
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Jianping Song
- Artemisinin Research Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P. R. China
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Changsheng Deng
- Artemisinin Research Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P. R. China
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P. R. China
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Xie D, Chen G, Meng X, Wang H, Bi X, Fang M, Yang C, Zhou Y, Long E, Feng S. Comparable Number of Genes Having Experienced Positive Selection among Great Ape Species. Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:ani11113264. [PMID: 34827995 PMCID: PMC8614513 DOI: 10.3390/ani11113264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2021] [Revised: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary It is of great interest to quantify adaptive evolution in human lineage by studying genes under positive selection, since these genes could reveal insights into our own adaptive evolutionary history compared to our closely related species and often these genes are functionally important. We used the great apes as the subjects to detect gene-level adaptive evolution signals in all the great ape lineages and investigated the evolutionary patterns and functional relevance of these adaptive evolution signals. Even the differences in population size among these closely related great apes have resulted in differences in their ability to remove deleterious alleles and to adapt to changing environments, we found that they experienced comparable numbers of positive selection. Notably, we identified several genes that offer insights into great ape and human evolution. For example, SOD1, a gene associated with aging in humans, experienced positive selection in the common ancestor of the great ape and this positive selection may contribute to the aging evolution in great apes. Overall, an updated list of positively selected genes reported by this study not only informs us of adaptive evolution during great ape evolution, but is also helpful to the further study of non-human primate models for disease and other fields. Abstract Alleles that cause advantageous phenotypes with positive selection contribute to adaptive evolution. Investigations of positive selection in protein-coding genes rely on the accuracy of orthology, models, the quality of assemblies, and alignment. Here, based on the latest genome assemblies and gene annotations, we present a comparative analysis on positive selection in four great ape species and identify 211 high-confidence positively selected genes (PSGs). Even the differences in population size among these closely related great apes have resulted in differences in their ability to remove deleterious alleles and to adapt to changing environments, we found that they experienced comparable numbers of positive selection. We also uncovered that more than half of multigene families exhibited signals of positive selection, suggesting that imbalanced positive selection resulted in the functional divergence of duplicates. Moreover, at the expression level, although positive selection led to a more non-uniform pattern across tissues, the correlation between positive selection and expression patterns is diverse. Overall, this updated list of PSGs is of great significance for the further study of the phenotypic evolution in great apes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duo Xie
- College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China;
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518083, China; (X.B.); (M.F.); (C.Y.); (Y.Z.)
- Correspondence: (D.X.); (S.F.)
| | - Guangji Chen
- College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China;
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518083, China; (X.B.); (M.F.); (C.Y.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Xiaoyu Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650223, China; (X.M.); (H.W.)
- Kunming College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650223, China
| | - Haotian Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650223, China; (X.M.); (H.W.)
- Kunming College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650223, China
| | - Xupeng Bi
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518083, China; (X.B.); (M.F.); (C.Y.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Miaoquan Fang
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518083, China; (X.B.); (M.F.); (C.Y.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Chentao Yang
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518083, China; (X.B.); (M.F.); (C.Y.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Yang Zhou
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518083, China; (X.B.); (M.F.); (C.Y.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Erping Long
- Laboratory of Translational Genomics, Division of Cancer Epidemiology & Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20850, USA;
| | - Shaohong Feng
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518083, China; (X.B.); (M.F.); (C.Y.); (Y.Z.)
- Correspondence: (D.X.); (S.F.)
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14
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Sirisabhabhorn K, Chaijaroenkul W, Na-Bangchang K. Genetic Diversity of Human Host Genes Involved in Immune Response and the Binding of Malaria Parasite in Patients Residing along the Thai-Myanmar border. Trop Med Infect Dis 2021; 6:tropicalmed6040174. [PMID: 34698295 PMCID: PMC8544681 DOI: 10.3390/tropicalmed6040174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Revised: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Polymorphisms of the genes encoding proteins involved in immune functions and the binding of malaria parasites to human host cells have been the focus of research in recent years, aiming to understand malaria pathogenesis and case severity and to exploit this knowledge to assert control over malaria. This study investigated the genetic diversity of the human host genes encoding proteins that are involved in immune functions and malaria parasite binding, i.e., MCP1 (−2518), TGFβ1 (−509), TNFα (−308), IL4 (VNTR), IL6 (−174), IL10 (−3575), TLR4 (299), CD36 (−188), and ICAM1 (469) in patients with mono-infection of Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium vivax infections in the multidrug-resistant areas along the Thai-Myanmar border. The association between gene polymorphisms and parasite density was also investigated. Genomic DNA (gDNA) of P. falciparum and P. vivax were extracted from whole blood and dried blood spot (DBS). Gene amplification and genotyping were performed by PCR and PCR-RFLP analysis, respectively. Of these samples, 178 and 209 samples were, respectively, mono-infection with P. falciparum and P. vivax. The ratio of P. falciparum: P. vivax was 46%:54%. Results showed marked variation in the frequency distribution and patterns of the genotypes and gene alleles of the nine immune response genes or human host genes. The SNPs of TGFβ1, IL10 and ICAM1, were significantly associated with P. falciparum, but not P. vivax parasite density. TGFβ1, IL10 and ICAM1, may play more significant roles in modulating P. falciparum than P. vivax parasitemia. The prevalence of the genotypes and gene alleles of these genes, including their association with parasite density, may vary depending on patient ethnicity and endemic areas. Information obtained from each endemic area is essential for treatment strategies and the development of vaccines for malaria prophylaxis in specific areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kridsada Sirisabhabhorn
- Graduate Program in Bioclinical Sciences, Chulabhorn International College of Medicine, Thammasat University (Rangsit Campus), Pathumthani 12121, Thailand; (K.S.); (W.C.)
| | - Wanna Chaijaroenkul
- Graduate Program in Bioclinical Sciences, Chulabhorn International College of Medicine, Thammasat University (Rangsit Campus), Pathumthani 12121, Thailand; (K.S.); (W.C.)
- Center of Excellence in Pharmacology and Molecular Biology of Malaria and Cholangiocarcinoma, Thammasat University (Rangsit Campus), Pathumthani 12121, Thailand
| | - Kesara Na-Bangchang
- Graduate Program in Bioclinical Sciences, Chulabhorn International College of Medicine, Thammasat University (Rangsit Campus), Pathumthani 12121, Thailand; (K.S.); (W.C.)
- Center of Excellence in Pharmacology and Molecular Biology of Malaria and Cholangiocarcinoma, Thammasat University (Rangsit Campus), Pathumthani 12121, Thailand
- Drug Discovery and Development Center, Office of Advanced Science and Technology, Thammasat University (Rangsit Campus), Pathumthani 12121, Thailand
- Correspondence: or ; Tel.: +662-564-4440-79 (ext. 1803); Fax: +662-564-4398
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15
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Bosurgi L, Rothlin CV. Management of cell death in parasitic infections. Semin Immunopathol 2021; 43:481-492. [PMID: 34279684 PMCID: PMC8443503 DOI: 10.1007/s00281-021-00875-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
For a long time, host cell death during parasitic infection has been considered a reflection of tissue damage, and often associated with disease pathogenesis. However, during their evolution, protozoan and helminth parasites have developed strategies to interfere with cell death so as to spread and survive in the infected host, thereby ascribing a more intriguing role to infection-associated cell death. In this review, we examine the mechanisms used by intracellular and extracellular parasites to respectively inhibit or trigger programmed cell death. We further dissect the role of the prototypical “eat-me signal” phosphatidylserine (PtdSer) which, by being exposed on the cell surface of damaged host cells as well as on some viable parasites via a process of apoptotic mimicry, leads to their recognition and up-take by the neighboring phagocytes. Although barely dissected so far, the engagement of different PtdSer receptors on macrophages, by shaping the host immune response, affects the overall infection outcome in models of both protozoan and helminth infections. In this scenario, further understanding of the molecular and cellular regulation of the PtdSer exposing cell-macrophage interaction might allow the identification of new therapeutic targets for the management of parasitic infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lidia Bosurgi
- I. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistrasse 52, 20251, Hamburg, Germany. .,Protozoa Immunology, Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, Bernhard Nocht Strasse 74, 20359, Hamburg, Germany.
| | - Carla V Rothlin
- Department of Immunobiology and Pharmacology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
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16
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Schmidt AE, Sahai T, Refaai MA, Sullivan M, Curtis BR. Severe Platelet Transfusion Refractoriness in Association with Antibodies Against CD36. Lab Med 2021; 51:540-544. [PMID: 31925433 DOI: 10.1093/labmed/lmz091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Platelet-transfusion refractoriness (PTR) is common in patients with hematological malignancies. The etiology of immune PTR is typically human leukocyte antigen (HLA) antibodies (Abs) from pregnancy or previous transfusion. Herein, we report PTR in the setting of induction chemotherapy for acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) from Abs against CD36/glycoprotein (GP)IV. A 66-year-old African American woman presented with anemia and thrombocytopenia. She was found to have transfusion-dependent AML, and a 7 + 3 regimen (7 days of standard-dose cytarabine and 3 days of an anthracycline antibiotic or an anthracenedione, most often daunorubicin) was initiated. The patient developed profound thrombocytopenia, with platelet nadir of 0 by day 13. The results of HLA antibody screening were negative. However, the results of a screening test for platelet-specific antibodies screen showed Abs against cluster of differentiation (CD)36. The platelets of the patient lacked expression of CD36, and DNA analysis showed mutations in the CD36 gene. HLA Ab-mediated PTR is common in patients with hematological malignancies. However, once HLA Abs are excluded, other less-frequent Abs should be considered, particularly in patient populations of Asian, African, or Middle Eastern descent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy E Schmidt
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York
| | - Tanmay Sahai
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York.,Department of Hematology and Oncology, Lenox Hill Hospital, New York, New York
| | - Majed A Refaai
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York
| | - Mia Sullivan
- The Platelet & Neutrophil Immunology Laboratory, Blood Center of Wisconsin (part of Versiti), Milwaukee, WI
| | - Brian R Curtis
- The Platelet & Neutrophil Immunology Laboratory, Blood Center of Wisconsin (part of Versiti), Milwaukee, WI
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17
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Molecular characterization and functional analysis of scavenger receptor class B from black tiger shrimp (Penaeus monodon). ELECTRON J BIOTECHN 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejbt.2021.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
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18
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Flesch BK, Scherer V, Opitz A, Ochmann O, Janson A, Steitz M, Zeiler T. Platelet CD36 deficiency is present in 2.6% of Arabian individuals and can cause NAIT and platelet refractoriness. Transfusion 2021; 61:1932-1942. [PMID: 33822386 DOI: 10.1111/trf.16398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2020] [Revised: 03/17/2021] [Accepted: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND CD36 isoantibodies are capable of inducing neonatal alloimmune thrombocytopenia (NAIT) and platelet refractoriness. As to now the CD36 type I deficiency has been reported in East Asian and African individuals. However, it is virtually unknown in Caucasians. The aim of this study was to display the prevalence of the CD36 deficiency within parts of the Arabian population in Germany. Secondly, we are presenting the case of a newborn suffering from NAIT which was induced by CD36 antibody. METHODS Platelet (p) CD36 was determined by flow cytometry on 1328 samples mainly from individuals of Arabian origin and a family with a neonate affected by NAIT. DNA sequencing was performed on all pCD36-negative samples. RESULTS Thirty-five (2.64%) of all donor samples were pCD36 negative, 19 (1.43%) had a weak expression. Including only individuals from the Arabian peninsula, frequencies were 3.39% and 1.75%, respectively. CD36 type I deficiency on both platelets and monocytes combined with a CD36 isoantibody were detected in the mother of the NAIT baby. The baby was successfully transfused with two HPA-unselected platelet concentrates. In case of need, two platelet units with a weak pCD36 expression were on hand. A total of 45 different CD36 mutations were detected within pCD36-negative individuals, some being homozygous, most of them only present on one allele. CONCLUSION The CD36-negative phenotype is present in a significant number of individuals of Arabian origin and enables CD36 isoimmunization in NAIT or refractoriness. Blood transfusion services should be aware of such cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brigitte K Flesch
- German Red Cross Blood Service Rhineland-Palatinate and Saarland, Bad Kreuznach, Germany.,German Red Cross Blood Service West, Hagen, Germany
| | - Vanessa Scherer
- German Red Cross Blood Service Rhineland-Palatinate and Saarland, Bad Kreuznach, Germany
| | - Andreas Opitz
- German Red Cross Blood Service Rhineland-Palatinate and Saarland, Bad Kreuznach, Germany
| | - Oswin Ochmann
- German Red Cross Blood Service Rhineland-Palatinate and Saarland, Bad Kreuznach, Germany
| | - Anne Janson
- German Red Cross Blood Service Rhineland-Palatinate and Saarland, Bad Kreuznach, Germany
| | - Monika Steitz
- German Red Cross Blood Service Rhineland-Palatinate and Saarland, Bad Kreuznach, Germany
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19
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Mejia P, Treviño-Villarreal JH, De Niz M, Meibalan E, Longchamp A, Reynolds JS, Turnbull LB, Opoka RO, Roussilhon C, Spielmann T, Ozaki CK, Heussler VT, Seydel KB, Taylor TE, John CC, Milner DA, Marti M, Mitchell JR. Adipose tissue parasite sequestration drives leptin production in mice and correlates with human cerebral malaria. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2021; 7:7/13/eabe2484. [PMID: 33762334 PMCID: PMC7990332 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abe2484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2020] [Accepted: 02/04/2021] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Circulating levels of the adipokine leptin are linked to neuropathology in experimental cerebral malaria (ECM), but its source and regulation mechanism remain unknown. Here, we show that sequestration of infected red blood cells (iRBCs) in white adipose tissue (WAT) microvasculature increased local vascular permeability and leptin production. Mice infected with parasite strains that fail to sequester in WAT displayed reduced leptin production and protection from ECM. WAT sequestration and leptin induction were lost in CD36KO mice; however, ECM susceptibility revealed sexual dimorphism. Adipocyte leptin was regulated by the mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) and blocked by rapamycin. In humans, although Plasmodium falciparum infection did not increase circulating leptin levels, iRBC sequestration, tissue leptin production, and mTORC1 activity were positively correlated with CM in pediatric postmortem WAT. These data identify WAT sequestration as a trigger for leptin production with potential implications for pathogenesis of malaria infection, prognosis, and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro Mejia
- Department of Genetics and Complex Diseases, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.
| | | | - Mariana De Niz
- Wellcome Centre for Molecular Parasitology, Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
- Institute of Cell Biology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Elamaran Meibalan
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Alban Longchamp
- Department of Genetics and Complex Diseases, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Surgery and the Heart and Vascular Center, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Justin S Reynolds
- Department of Genetics and Complex Diseases, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Lindsey B Turnbull
- Department of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Robert O Opoka
- Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda
| | | | - Tobias Spielmann
- Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, Germany
| | - C Keith Ozaki
- Department of Surgery and the Heart and Vascular Center, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Karl B Seydel
- Department of Osteopathic Medical Specialties, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Terrie E Taylor
- Department of Osteopathic Medical Specialties, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Chandy C John
- Department of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Danny A Milner
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- American Society for Clinical Pathology, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Matthias Marti
- Wellcome Centre for Molecular Parasitology, Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - James R Mitchell
- Department of Genetics and Complex Diseases, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
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20
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Mineo C. Lipoprotein receptor signalling in atherosclerosis. Cardiovasc Res 2021; 116:1254-1274. [PMID: 31834409 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvz338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2019] [Revised: 11/01/2019] [Accepted: 12/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The founding member of the lipoprotein receptor family, low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR) plays a major role in the atherogenesis through the receptor-mediated endocytosis of LDL particles and regulation of cholesterol homeostasis. Since the discovery of the LDLR, many other structurally and functionally related receptors have been identified, which include low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein (LRP)1, LRP5, LRP6, very low-density lipoprotein receptor, and apolipoprotein E receptor 2. The scavenger receptor family members, on the other hand, constitute a family of pattern recognition proteins that are structurally diverse and recognize a wide array of ligands, including oxidized LDL. Among these are cluster of differentiation 36, scavenger receptor class B type I and lectin-like oxidized low-density lipoprotein receptor-1. In addition to the initially assigned role as a mediator of the uptake of macromolecules into the cell, a large number of studies in cultured cells and in in vivo animal models have revealed that these lipoprotein receptors participate in signal transduction to modulate cellular functions. This review highlights the signalling pathways by which these receptors influence the process of atherosclerosis development, focusing on their roles in the vascular cells, such as macrophages, endothelial cells, smooth muscle cells, and platelets. Human genetics of the receptors is also discussed to further provide the relevance to cardiovascular disease risks in humans. Further knowledge of the vascular biology of the lipoprotein receptors and their ligands will potentially enhance our ability to harness the mechanism to develop novel prophylactic and therapeutic strategies against cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chieko Mineo
- Department of Pediatrics and Cell Biology, Center for Pulmonary and Vascular Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd., Dallas, TX 75390-9063, USA
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21
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Abumrad NA, Cabodevilla AG, Samovski D, Pietka T, Basu D, Goldberg IJ. Endothelial Cell Receptors in Tissue Lipid Uptake and Metabolism. Circ Res 2021; 128:433-450. [PMID: 33539224 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.120.318003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Lipid uptake and metabolism are central to the function of organs such as heart, skeletal muscle, and adipose tissue. Although most heart energy derives from fatty acids (FAs), excess lipid accumulation can cause cardiomyopathy. Similarly, high delivery of cholesterol can initiate coronary artery atherosclerosis. Hearts and arteries-unlike liver and adrenals-have nonfenestrated capillaries and lipid accumulation in both health and disease requires lipid movement from the circulation across the endothelial barrier. This review summarizes recent in vitro and in vivo findings on the importance of endothelial cell receptors and uptake pathways in regulating FAs and cholesterol uptake in normal physiology and cardiovascular disease. We highlight clinical and experimental data on the roles of ECs in lipid supply to tissues, heart, and arterial wall in particular, and how this affects organ metabolism and function. Models of FA uptake into ECs suggest that receptor-mediated uptake predominates at low FA concentrations, such as during fasting, whereas FA uptake during lipolysis of chylomicrons may involve paracellular movement. Similarly, in the setting of an intact arterial endothelial layer, recent and historic data support a role for receptor-mediated processes in the movement of lipoproteins into the subarterial space. We conclude with thoughts on the need to better understand endothelial lipid transfer for fuller comprehension of the pathophysiology of hyperlipidemia, and lipotoxic diseases such as some forms of cardiomyopathy and atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nada A Abumrad
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO (N.A.A., D.S., T.P.)
| | - Ainara G Cabodevilla
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, New York University Grossman School of Medicine (A.G.C., D.B., I.J.G.)
| | - Dmitri Samovski
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO (N.A.A., D.S., T.P.)
| | - Terri Pietka
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO (N.A.A., D.S., T.P.)
| | - Debapriya Basu
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, New York University Grossman School of Medicine (A.G.C., D.B., I.J.G.)
| | - Ira J Goldberg
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, New York University Grossman School of Medicine (A.G.C., D.B., I.J.G.)
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22
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Kanoke A, Nishijima Y, Ljungberg M, Omodaka S, Yang SY, Wong S, Rabiller G, Tominaga T, Hsieh CL, Liu J. The effect of type 2 diabetes on CD36 expression and the uptake of oxLDL: Diabetes affects CD36 and oxLDL uptake. Exp Neurol 2020; 334:113461. [PMID: 32926860 PMCID: PMC8504205 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2020.113461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2020] [Revised: 08/07/2020] [Accepted: 09/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
We investigated whether type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), a risk factor of stroke, affects the level of scavenger receptor CD36 and the uptake of its ligand, oxidized LDL (oxLDL); and whether pioglitazone, a drug that enhances CD36, promotes oxLDL uptake. Compared to normoglycemic db/+ mice, adult db/db mice showed a pronounced reduction in surface CD36 expression on myeloid cells from the blood, brain, and bone marrow as detected by flow cytometry, which correlated with elevated plasma soluble-CD36 as determined by ELISA. Increased CD36 expression was found in brain macrophages and microglia of both genotypes 7 days after ischemic stroke. In juvenile db/db mice, prior to obesity and hyperglycemia, only a mild reduction of surface CD36 was found in blood neutrophils, while all other myeloid cells showed no difference relative to the db/+ strain. In vivo, oral pioglitazone treatment for four weeks increased CD36 levels on myeloid cells in db/db mice. In vitro, uptake of oxLDL by bone marrow derived macrophages (BMDMs) of db/db mice was reduced relative to db/+ mice in normal glucose medium. OxLDL uptake inversely correlated with glucose levels in the medium in db/+ BMDMs. Furthermore, pioglitazone restored oxLDL uptake by BMDMs from db/db mice cultured in high glucose. Our data suggest that T2DM is associated with reduced CD36 on adult myeloid cells, and pioglitazone enhances CD36 expression in db/db cells. T2DM or high glucose reduces oxLDL uptake while pioglitazone enhances oxLDL uptake. Our findings provide new insight into the mechanism by which pioglitazone may be beneficial in the treatment of insulin resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atsushi Kanoke
- Department of Neurological Surgery, UCSF, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; SFVAMC, San Francisco, CA 94121, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8574, Japan
| | - Yasuo Nishijima
- Department of Neurological Surgery, UCSF, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; SFVAMC, San Francisco, CA 94121, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8574, Japan
| | - Magnus Ljungberg
- Department of Neurological Surgery, UCSF, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; SFVAMC, San Francisco, CA 94121, USA; Linköping University, Linköping SE-581 83, Sweden
| | - Shunsuke Omodaka
- Department of Neurological Surgery, UCSF, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; SFVAMC, San Francisco, CA 94121, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8574, Japan
| | - Shih Yen Yang
- Department of Neurological Surgery, UCSF, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; SFVAMC, San Francisco, CA 94121, USA
| | - Suwai Wong
- Department of Neurological Surgery, UCSF, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; SFVAMC, San Francisco, CA 94121, USA
| | - Gratianne Rabiller
- Department of Neurological Surgery, UCSF, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; SFVAMC, San Francisco, CA 94121, USA
| | - Teiji Tominaga
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8574, Japan
| | - Christine L Hsieh
- SFVAMC, San Francisco, CA 94121, USA; Department of Medicine, UCSF, San Francisco, CA 94121, USA
| | - Jialing Liu
- Department of Neurological Surgery, UCSF, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; SFVAMC, San Francisco, CA 94121, USA.
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23
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Le Toriellec E, Muralitharan V, Chadebech P, Jouard A, Ansart-Pirenne H, Pirenne F, Tournamille C, Croisille L. New molecular basis associated with CD36-negative phenotype in the sub-Saharan African population. Transfusion 2020; 60:2482-2488. [PMID: 32949421 DOI: 10.1111/trf.15980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2019] [Revised: 06/03/2020] [Accepted: 06/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND CD36 glycoprotein is expressed by various cell types, including platelets (PLTs), monocytes, and erythroid precursors, and is also the receptor for several ligands. However, absence of CD36 expression seems asymptomatic and is poorly described in Caucasians. In contrast, the frequency reaches 7% and 11% in African Caribbean and Asian persons, respectively. Lack of CD36 expression exposes to the risk of immunization in case of pregnancy or PLT transfusion. Two types of deficiency have been described: in Type I, PLTs and monocytes lack CD36 expression and the subjects are homozygous or compound heterozygous for CD36 mutations, whereas in Type II, only PLTs (Type IIa), and rarely also erythroid cells (Type IIb), are affected. Molecular events leading to Type II deficiency are poorly understood. CASE REPORT An African girl, diagnosed with homozygous sickle cell disease and regularly transfused, was assessed for PLT CD36 expression by immunofluorescence microscopy. The deficiency was then confirmed by monoclonal antibody immobilization of PLT antigen (MAIPA) assay, and the subtype was assessed by flow cytometry. The underlying molecular basis was characterized by DNA sequencing. Furthermore, we tested the serum for possible anti-CD36 immunization. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION Flow cytometric analysis on the patient's blood samples allowed the diagnosis of Type I CD36 deficiency. CD36 antibodies, probably due to her past history of red blood cell transfusions, were identified by MAIPA and by Luminex technology assay. Interestingly, we identified through sequencing a new molecular basis involved in CD36 deficiency: two adenines were replaced by one guanine in Exon 4 (c.367_368delAAinsG) leading to a stop codon at Position 76.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilie Le Toriellec
- Etablissement Français du Sang (EFS) Ile-de-France, Créteil, France.,Laboratoire HLA, Département d'Immunologie Leucoplaquettaire, Créteil, France
| | | | - Philippe Chadebech
- Etablissement Français du Sang (EFS) Ile-de-France, Créteil, France.,Inserm U955 Equipe 2 Transfusion et Maladies du Globule Rouge, Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomédicale (IMRB), Créteil, France.,Laboratory of Excellence GR-Ex, Paris, France
| | - Alicia Jouard
- Etablissement Français du Sang (EFS) Ile-de-France, Créteil, France.,Inserm U955 Equipe 2 Transfusion et Maladies du Globule Rouge, Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomédicale (IMRB), Créteil, France.,Laboratory of Excellence GR-Ex, Paris, France
| | - Hélène Ansart-Pirenne
- Etablissement Français du Sang (EFS) Ile-de-France, Créteil, France.,Laboratoire HLA, Département d'Immunologie Leucoplaquettaire, Créteil, France
| | - France Pirenne
- Etablissement Français du Sang (EFS) Ile-de-France, Créteil, France.,Inserm U955 Equipe 2 Transfusion et Maladies du Globule Rouge, Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomédicale (IMRB), Créteil, France.,Laboratory of Excellence GR-Ex, Paris, France.,Université Paris Est-Créteil (UPEC), Créteil, France
| | - Christophe Tournamille
- Etablissement Français du Sang (EFS) Ile-de-France, Créteil, France.,Inserm U955 Equipe 2 Transfusion et Maladies du Globule Rouge, Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomédicale (IMRB), Créteil, France.,Laboratory of Excellence GR-Ex, Paris, France
| | - Laure Croisille
- Etablissement Français du Sang (EFS) Ile-de-France, Créteil, France.,Laboratoire HLA, Département d'Immunologie Leucoplaquettaire, Créteil, France
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24
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Liu J, Shao Y, Ding H, Deng J, Xu X, Wang J, Xia W, Santoso S, Ye X, Fu Y. Distribution of CD36 deficiency in different Chinese ethnic groups. Hum Immunol 2020; 81:366-371. [PMID: 32487483 DOI: 10.1016/j.humimm.2020.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2020] [Revised: 03/29/2020] [Accepted: 05/12/2020] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND CD36 is a multifunctional receptor in cells that plays a role in important cellular processes including immune regulation. Evidence indicates that mutations in the CD36 gene are associated with malaria. Moreover, studies on the frequency of CD36 deficiency have been conducted in specific provinces of China. However, the frequency of CD36 deficiency may differ among various ethnic populations. In this study, we analyzed the frequency of CD36 deficiency among seven different provinces and minorities in China. METHODS AND MATERIALS In this study, 5313 samples were randomly collected from seven provinces in China. CD36 deficiency on platelets and monocytes was determined via flow cytometry using a monoclonal antibody (mAb) against CD36. DNA sequencing analysis was performed to identify mutations associated with CD36 deficiency. RESULTS The frequency of CD36 deficiency among individuals from different provinces (n = 7) was 1.60%, comprising 0.38% of type-I deficiency and 1.22% of type-II deficiency. The distribution among provinces ranged from 0.81% to 1.99%. The largest ethnic group, Han, showed a lower frequency of deficiency than ethnic minorities (1.30% versus 2.37%). The most common mutations found in our overall cohort were 329-330delAC and 1228-1239delATTGTGCCTATT. Significant high frequencies of CD36 deficiency were detected in two ethnic minorities, Zhuang (3.69%) and BuYi (3.05%), living in southern China. CONCLUSIONS Through an analysis of a large cohort, we determined the frequencies of CD36 deficiency among different Chinese ethnic groups. A high frequency of type-I deficiency was found in certain minorities living in southern China, which is known to be vulnerable to malaria epidemics. These findings may help us understand the phenotypic consequences of CD36-deficient alleles associated with malaria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Liu
- Institute of Blood Transfusion, Guangzhou Blood Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510095, China
| | - Yuan Shao
- Institute of Blood Transfusion, Guangzhou Blood Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510095, China
| | - Haoqiang Ding
- Institute of Blood Transfusion, Guangzhou Blood Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510095, China
| | - Jing Deng
- Institute of Blood Transfusion, Guangzhou Blood Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510095, China
| | - Xiuzhang Xu
- Institute of Blood Transfusion, Guangzhou Blood Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510095, China
| | - Jiali Wang
- Institute of Blood Transfusion, Guangzhou Blood Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510095, China
| | - Wenjie Xia
- Institute of Blood Transfusion, Guangzhou Blood Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510095, China
| | - Sentot Santoso
- Institute of Blood Transfusion, Guangzhou Blood Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510095, China; Institute for Clinical Immunology and Transfusion Medicine, Justus-Liebig University, Giessen, Germany
| | - Xin Ye
- Institute of Blood Transfusion, Guangzhou Blood Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510095, China
| | - Yongshui Fu
- Institute of Blood Transfusion, Guangzhou Blood Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510095, China; School of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
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25
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Human platelet antigen 1-6, 9 and 15 in the Iranian population: An anthropological genetic analysis. Sci Rep 2020; 10:7442. [PMID: 32366900 PMCID: PMC7198494 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-64469-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2019] [Accepted: 04/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Human platelet antigens (HPAs) are membranous glycoproteins considered as alloantigens due to their polymorphisms. HPA-incompatibility in multiple pregnancies or blood transfusion can induce the development of alloantibodies leading to thrombocytopenia. The frequency of HPAs varies among populations, so that deep knowledge of HPA frequencies will help us to reduce those incompatibilities. Herein, we studied the allele and genotype frequencies of HPA1-6, HPA9, and HPA15 among the Iranians with intra- and inter-populations analyses on 36 worldwide populations with diverse ethnicities. The analysis shows that the HPA2 and HPA5 have the greatest differences in genotype distribution between the Iranians and other nations, although similar to other populations, the sole allele found in HPA4, 6, and 9 is “a”. Despite other HPAs, the most frequent allele in HPA15 is “b”, which is also abundant in HPA3. Hierarchical clustering indicates the highest degree of global similarity in HPA genotype frequency among Iranian, Argentinian, Brazilian, and German Turkish populations. Our findings can be applied to decrease the risk of alloimmunizations and platelet disorders, especially in neonates.
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26
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Hou N, Jiang N, Ma Y, Zou Y, Piao X, Liu S, Chen Q. Low-Complexity Repetitive Epitopes of Plasmodium falciparum Are Decoys for Humoural Immune Responses. Front Immunol 2020; 11:610. [PMID: 32351503 PMCID: PMC7174639 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.00610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2019] [Accepted: 03/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Induction of humoural immunity is critical for clinical protection against malaria. More than 100 malaria vaccine candidates have been investigated at different developmental stages, but with limited protection. One of the roadblocks constrains the development of malaria vaccines is the poor immunogenicity of the antigens. The objective of this study was to map the linear B-cell epitopes of the Plasmodium falciparum erythrocyte invasion-associated antigens with a purpose of understanding humoural responses and protection. We conducted a large-scale screen using overlapping peptide microarrays of 37 proteins from the P. falciparum parasite, most of which are invasion-associated antigens which have been tested in clinical settings as vaccine candidates, with sera from individuals with various infection episodes. Analysis of the epitome of the antigens revealed that the most immunogenic epitopes were predominantly located in the low-complexity regions of the proteins containing repetitive and/or glutamate-rich motifs in different sequence contexts. However, in vitro assay showed the antibodies specific for these epitopes did not show invasion inhibitory effect. These discoveries indicated that the low-complexity regions of the parasite proteins might drive immune responses away from functional domains, which may be an instructive finding for the rational design of vaccine candidates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Hou
- NHC Key Laboratory of Systems Biology of Pathogens, Institute of Pathogen Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Ning Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Livestock Infectious Diseases in Northeast China, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China.,The Research Unit for Pathogenic Mechanisms of Zoonotic Parasites, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shenyang, China
| | - Yu Ma
- NHC Key Laboratory of Systems Biology of Pathogens, Institute of Pathogen Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yang Zou
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Research on Prevention and Treatment of Tropical Diseases, Beijing Tropical Medicine Research Institute, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xianyu Piao
- NHC Key Laboratory of Systems Biology of Pathogens, Institute of Pathogen Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Shuai Liu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Systems Biology of Pathogens, Institute of Pathogen Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Qijun Chen
- NHC Key Laboratory of Systems Biology of Pathogens, Institute of Pathogen Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Livestock Infectious Diseases in Northeast China, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China.,The Research Unit for Pathogenic Mechanisms of Zoonotic Parasites, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shenyang, China
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27
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Insights into malaria susceptibility using genome-wide data on 17,000 individuals from Africa, Asia and Oceania. Nat Commun 2019; 10:5732. [PMID: 31844061 PMCID: PMC6914791 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-13480-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2019] [Accepted: 11/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The human genetic factors that affect resistance to infectious disease are poorly understood. Here we report a genome-wide association study in 17,000 severe malaria cases and population controls from 11 countries, informed by sequencing of family trios and by direct typing of candidate loci in an additional 15,000 samples. We identify five replicable associations with genome-wide levels of evidence including a newly implicated variant on chromosome 6. Jointly, these variants account for around one-tenth of the heritability of severe malaria, which we estimate as ~23% using genome-wide genotypes. We interrogate available functional data and discover an erythroid-specific transcription start site underlying the known association in ATP2B4, but are unable to identify a likely causal mechanism at the chromosome 6 locus. Previously reported HLA associations do not replicate in these samples. This large dataset will provide a foundation for further research on the genetic determinants of malaria resistance in diverse populations. Four genome-wide associated loci are currently known for malaria susceptibility. Here, the authors expand on earlier work by combining data from 11 malaria-endemic countries and additional population sequencing informing an African-enriched imputation reference panel, with findings including a previously unreported association on chromosome 6.
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Penha-Gonçalves C. Genetics of Malaria Inflammatory Responses: A Pathogenesis Perspective. Front Immunol 2019; 10:1771. [PMID: 31417551 PMCID: PMC6682681 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.01771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2018] [Accepted: 07/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite significant progress in combating malaria in recent years the burden of severe disease and death due to Plasmodium infections remains a global public health concern. Only a fraction of infected people develops severe clinical syndromes motivating a longstanding search for genetic determinants of malaria severity. Strong genetic effects have been repeatedly ascribed to mutations and allelic variants of proteins expressed in red blood cells but the role of inflammatory response genes in disease pathogenesis has been difficult to discern. We revisited genetic evidence provided by inflammatory response genes that have been repeatedly associated to malaria, namely TNF, NOS2, IFNAR1, HMOX1, TLRs, CD36, and CD40LG. This highlighted specific genetic variants having opposing roles in the development of distinct malaria clinical outcomes and unveiled diverse levels of genetic heterogeneity that shaped the complex association landscape of inflammatory response genes with malaria. However, scrutinizing genetic effects of individual variants corroborates a pathogenesis model where pro-inflammatory genetic variants acting in early infection stages contribute to resolve infection but at later stages confer increased vulnerability to severe organ dysfunction driven by tissue inflammation. Human genetics studies are an invaluable tool to find genes and molecular pathways involved in the inflammatory response to malaria but their precise roles in disease pathogenesis are still unexploited. Genome editing in malaria experimental models and novel genotyping-by-sequencing techniques are promising approaches to delineate the relevance of inflammatory response gene variants in the natural history of infection thereby will offer new rational angles on adjuvant therapeutics for prevention and clinical management of severe malaria.
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Niculite CM, Enciu AM, Hinescu ME. CD 36: Focus on Epigenetic and Post-Transcriptional Regulation. Front Genet 2019; 10:680. [PMID: 31379931 PMCID: PMC6659770 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2019.00680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2019] [Accepted: 06/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
CD36 is a transmembrane protein involved in fatty acid translocation, scavenging for oxidized fatty acids acting as a receptor for adhesion molecules. It is expressed on macrophages, as well as other types of cells, such as endothelial and adipose cells. CD36 participates in muscle lipid uptake, adipose energy storage, and gut fat absorption. Recently, several preclinical and clinical studies demonstrated that upregulation of CD36 is a prerequisite for tumor metastasis. Cancer metastasis-related research emerged much later and has been less investigated, though it is equally or even more important. CD36 protein expression can be modified by epigenetic changes and post-transcriptional interference from non-coding RNAs. Some data indicate modulation of CD36 expression in specific cell types by epigenetic changes via DNA methylation patterns or histone tails, or through miRNA interference, but this is largely unexplored. The few papers addressing this topic refer mostly to lipid metabolism-related pathologies, whereas in cancer research, data are even more scarce. The aim of this review was to summarize major epigenetic and post-transcriptional mechanisms that impact CD36 expression in relation to various pathologies while highlighting the areas in need of further exploration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina-Mariana Niculite
- Cell Biology Department, "Victor Babes" National Institute of Pathology, Bucharest, Romania.,Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology and Histology, "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Ana-Maria Enciu
- Cell Biology Department, "Victor Babes" National Institute of Pathology, Bucharest, Romania.,Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology and Histology, "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Mihail Eugen Hinescu
- Cell Biology Department, "Victor Babes" National Institute of Pathology, Bucharest, Romania.,Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology and Histology, "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania
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Cluster of differentiation 36 gene polymorphism (rs1761667) is associated with dietary MUFA intake and hypertension in a Japanese population. Br J Nutr 2019; 121:1215-1222. [PMID: 30924431 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114519000679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Cluster of differentiation 36 (CD36) is a membrane receptor expressed on a wide variety of human cells. CD36 polymorphisms are reportedly associated with oral fat perception, dietary intake and metabolic disorders. The present study examined associations of two CD36 polymorphisms (rs1761667 and rs1527483) and dietary fat intake, and metabolic phenotypes in a Japanese population. This cross-sectional study was conducted based on clinical information collected from health check-ups in Japan (n 495). Dietary nutrient intake was estimated from a validated short FFQ and adjusted for total energy intake using the residual method. Mean blood pressure was calculated from systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP). Hypertension was defined as SBP ≥ 130 mmHg and/or DBP ≥ 85 mmHg, or use of antihypertensive drugs. Genotyping was performed using PCR with confronting two-pair primers method. Mean age was 63·4 (sd 9·9) years. Individuals with the AA genotype showed higher total fat and MUFA intake (standardised β = 0·110 and 0·087, P = 0·01 and 0·05, respectively) compared with the GG and GA genotypes. For metabolic phenotypes, the AA genotype of rs1761667 had a lower blood pressure compared with the GG genotype (standardised β = -0·123, P = 0·02). Our results suggested that the AA genotype of rs1761667 in the CD36 gene was associated with higher intake of total fat and MUFA and lower risk of hypertension in a Japanese population.
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Neonatal Intracranial Hemorrhage with a Dramatic Outcome Due to Maternal Anti CD36 Antibodies. REPORTS 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/reports2010007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Fetal/neonatal allo-immune thrombocytopenia (FNAIT) results from maternal immunization against fetal platelet-specific antigens (HPA) inherited from the father. Most cases involve HPA located on glycoproteins (GP) IbIX, IaIIa and IIbIIIa. Iso-immunizations can also occur in the absence of expression of membrane proteins, such as GPIIb or GPIIIa in Glanzmann patients. CD36 (also called glycoprotein GPIV) deficiency is observed in 3 to 5% of Asian and African populations. We report here the case of a 41-year-old Canadian woman originated from Africa, who delivered a male dead new-born at 39 weeks of gestation. A massive intracranial haemorrhage was identified as being the obvious cause of death. No platelet antibody against GPIbIX, IaIIa, and IIbIIIa was identified by the gold-standard Monoclonal Antibody-specific Immobilization of Platelet Antigens (MAIPA) assay. Surprisingly, anti CD36 iso-antibodies were identified in the maternal serum with a new bead-based multiplex assay. The CD36 gene was sequenced for both parents, and a mutation was identified on Exon 10 of the mother’s CD36 gene, which was absent for the father: NM_000072.3:c.975T>G inducing a STOP codon at position 325 of the mature protein. The absence of CD36 expression on the mother’s platelets was confirmed by flow cytometry.
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Casanova JL, Abel L. Human genetics of infectious diseases: Unique insights into immunological redundancy. Semin Immunol 2018; 36:1-12. [PMID: 29254755 PMCID: PMC5910248 DOI: 10.1016/j.smim.2017.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2017] [Accepted: 12/13/2017] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
For almost any given human-tropic virus, bacterium, fungus, or parasite, the clinical outcome of primary infection is enormously variable, ranging from asymptomatic to lethal infection. This variability has long been thought to be largely determined by the germline genetics of the human host, and this is increasingly being demonstrated to be the case. The number and diversity of known inborn errors of immunity is continually increasing, and we focus here on autosomal and X-linked recessive traits underlying complete deficiencies of the encoded protein. Schematically, four types of infectious phenotype have been observed in individuals with such deficiencies, each providing information about the redundancy of the corresponding human gene, in terms of host defense in natural conditions. The lack of a protein can confer vulnerability to a broad range of microbes in most, if not all patients, through the disruption of a key immunological component. In such cases, the gene concerned is of low redundancy. However, the lack of a protein may also confer vulnerability to a narrow range of microbes, sometimes a single pathogen, and not necessarily in all patients. In such cases, the gene concerned is highly redundant. Conversely, the deficiency may be apparently neutral, conferring no detectable predisposition to infection in any individual. In such cases, the gene concerned is completely redundant. Finally, the lack of a protein may, paradoxically, be advantageous to the host, conferring resistance to one or more infections. In such cases, the gene is considered to display beneficial redundancy. These findings reflect the current state of evolution of humans and microbes, and should not be considered predictive of redundancy, or of a lack of redundancy, in the distant future. Nevertheless, these observations are of potential interest to present-day biologists testing immunological hypotheses experimentally and physicians managing patients with immunological or infectious conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Laurent Casanova
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, New York, NY, USA; Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, Inserm U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France, EU; Paris Descartes University, Imagine Institute, Paris, France, EU; Pediatric Hematology and Immunology Unit, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France, EU.
| | - Laurent Abel
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA; Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, Inserm U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France, EU; Paris Descartes University, Imagine Institute, Paris, France, EU.
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Cifarelli V, Abumrad NA. Intestinal CD36 and Other Key Proteins of Lipid Utilization: Role in Absorption and Gut Homeostasis. Compr Physiol 2018; 8:493-507. [PMID: 29687890 PMCID: PMC6247794 DOI: 10.1002/cphy.c170026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Several proteins have been implicated in fatty acid (FA) transport by enterocytes including the scavenger receptor CD36 (SR-B2), the scavenger receptor B1 (SR-B1) a member of the CD36 family and the FA transport protein 4 (FATP4). Here, we review the regulation of enterocyte FA uptake and its function in lipid absorption including prechylomicron formation, assembly and transport. Emphasis is given to CD36, which is abundantly expressed along the digestive tract of rodents and humans and has been the most studied. We also address the pleiotropic functions of CD36 that go beyond lipid absorption and metabolism to include recent evidence of its impact on intestinal homeostasis and barrier maintenance. Areas of progress involving contribution of membrane phospholipid remodeling and of cytosolic FA-binding proteins, FABP1 and FABP2 to fat absorption will be covered. © 2018 American Physiological Society. Compr Physiol 8:493-507, 2018.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincenza Cifarelli
- Department of Internal Medicine, Center for Human Nutrition, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Nada A. Abumrad
- Department of Internal Medicine, Center for Human Nutrition, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri, USA
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A single rapamycin dose protects against late-stage experimental cerebral malaria via modulation of host immunity, endothelial activation and parasite sequestration. Malar J 2017; 16:455. [PMID: 29121917 PMCID: PMC5679345 DOI: 10.1186/s12936-017-2092-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2017] [Accepted: 10/27/2017] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Maladaptive immune responses during cerebral malaria (CM) result in high mortality despite opportune anti-malarial chemotherapy. Rapamycin, an FDA-approved immunomodulator, protects against experimental cerebral malaria (ECM) in mice through effects on the host. However, the potential for reduced adaptive immunity with chronic use, combined with an incomplete understanding of mechanisms underlying protection, limit translational potential as an adjunctive therapy in CM. Results The results presented herein demonstrate that a single dose of rapamycin, provided as late as day 4 or 5 post-infection, protected mice from ECM neuropathology and death through modulation of distinct host responses to infection. Rapamycin prevented parasite cytoadherence in peripheral organs, including white adipose tissue, via reduction of CD36 expression. Rapamycin also altered the splenic immune response by reducing the number of activated T cells with migratory phenotype, while increasing local cytotoxic T cell activation. Finally, rapamycin reduced brain endothelial ICAM-1 expression concomitant with reduced brain pathology. Together, these changes potentially contributed to increased parasite elimination while reducing CD8 T cell migration to the brain. Conclusions Rapamycin exerts pleotropic effects on host immunity, vascular activation and parasite sequestration that rescue mice from ECM, and thus support the potential clinical use of rapamycin as an adjunctive therapy in CM.
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Legason ID, Pfeiffer RM, Udquim KI, Bergen AW, Gouveia MH, Kirimunda S, Otim I, Karlins E, Kerchan P, Nabalende H, Bayanjargal A, Emmanuel B, Kagwa P, Talisuna AO, Bhatia K, Yeager M, Biggar RJ, Ayers LW, Reynolds SJ, Goedert JJ, Ogwang MD, Fraumeni JF, Prokunina-Olsson L, Mbulaiteye SM. Evaluating the Causal Link Between Malaria Infection and Endemic Burkitt Lymphoma in Northern Uganda: A Mendelian Randomization Study. EBioMedicine 2017; 25:58-65. [PMID: 29033373 PMCID: PMC5704046 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2017.09.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2017] [Revised: 09/16/2017] [Accepted: 09/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Plasmodium falciparum (Pf) malaria infection is suspected to cause endemic Burkitt Lymphoma (eBL), but the evidence remains unsettled. An inverse relationship between sickle cell trait (SCT) and eBL, which supports that between malaria and eBL, has been reported before, but in small studies with low power. We investigated this hypothesis in children in a population-based study in northern Uganda using Mendelian Randomization. Methods Malaria-related polymorphisms (SCT, IL10, IL1A, CD36, SEMA3C, and IFNAR1) were genotyped in 202 eBL cases and 624 controls enrolled during 2010–2015. We modeled associations between genotypes and eBL or malaria using logistic regression. Findings SCT was associated with decreased risk of eBL (adjusted odds ratio [OR] 0·37, 95% CI 0·21–0·66; p = 0·0003). Decreased risk of eBL was associated with IL10 rs1800896-CT (OR 0·73, 95% CI 0·50–1·07) and -CC genotypes (OR 0·53, 95% CI 0·29–0·95, ptrend = 0·019); IL1A rs2856838-AG (OR 0·56, 95% CI 0·39–0·81) and -AA genotype (OR 0·50, 95% CI 0·28–1·01, ptrend = 0·0016); and SEMA3C rs4461841-CT or -CC genotypes (OR 0·57, 95% CI 0·35–0·93, p = 0·0193). SCT and IL10 rs1800896, IL1A rs2856838, but not SEMA3C rs4461841, polymorphisms were associated with decreased risk of malaria in the controls. Interpretation Our results support a causal effect of malaria infection on eBL. Mendelian randomization analysis was done to assess a causal relationship between malaria infection and endemic Burkitt lymphoma in Uganda Carriage of the sickle cell trait was associated with decreased risk of endemic Burkitt lymphoma Heterozygous or homozygous minor alleles of IL10 rs1800896, IL1A rs2856838, and SEMA3C rs4461841 were associated with decreased risk of endemic Burkitt lymphoma The inverse association between sickle cell trait and endemic Burkitt lymphoma supports a causal role of malaria in endemic Burkitt lymphoma
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Affiliation(s)
- Ismail D Legason
- EMBLEM Study, African Field Epidemiology Network, P.O. Box 12874, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Ruth M Pfeiffer
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, 9609 Medical Ctr Dr, Bethesda 20892, MD, USA.
| | - Krizia-Ivana Udquim
- Laboratory of Translational Genomics, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
| | - Andrew W Bergen
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, 9609 Medical Ctr Dr, Bethesda 20892, MD, USA
| | - Mateus H Gouveia
- Instituto de Pesquisa Rene Rachou, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, 30190-002 Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Samuel Kirimunda
- Department of Medical Microbiology, College of Health Sciences, Makerere University, P.O. Box 7072, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Isaac Otim
- EMBLEM Study, African Field Epidemiology Network, P.O. Box 12874, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Eric Karlins
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, 9609 Medical Ctr Dr, Bethesda 20892, MD, USA.
| | - Patrick Kerchan
- EMBLEM Study, African Field Epidemiology Network, P.O. Box 12874, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Hadijah Nabalende
- EMBLEM Study, African Field Epidemiology Network, P.O. Box 12874, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Ariunaa Bayanjargal
- Laboratory of Translational Genomics, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Benjamin Emmanuel
- EMBLEM Study, African Field Epidemiology Network, P.O. Box 12874, Kampala, Uganda; Benjamin Emmanuel, Institute of Human Virology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
| | - Paul Kagwa
- EMBLEM Study, African Field Epidemiology Network, P.O. Box 12874, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Ambrose O Talisuna
- World Health Organization, Regional Office for Africa, Brazzaville, Congo
| | - Kishor Bhatia
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, 9609 Medical Ctr Dr, Bethesda 20892, MD, USA.
| | - Meredith Yeager
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, 9609 Medical Ctr Dr, Bethesda 20892, MD, USA.
| | - Robert J Biggar
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, 9609 Medical Ctr Dr, Bethesda 20892, MD, USA
| | - Leona W Ayers
- Department of Pathology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.
| | - Steven J Reynolds
- Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
| | - James J Goedert
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, 9609 Medical Ctr Dr, Bethesda 20892, MD, USA
| | - Martin D Ogwang
- EMBLEM Study, St. Mary's Hospital, Lacor, P.O. Box 180, Gulu, Uganda.
| | - Joseph F Fraumeni
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, 9609 Medical Ctr Dr, Bethesda 20892, MD, USA.
| | - Ludmila Prokunina-Olsson
- Laboratory of Translational Genomics, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
| | - Sam M Mbulaiteye
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, 9609 Medical Ctr Dr, Bethesda 20892, MD, USA.
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Walakira A, Tukwasibwe S, Kiggundu M, Verra F, Kakeeto P, Ruhamyankaka E, Drakeley C, Dorsey G, Kamya MR, Nsobya SL, Rosenthal PJ. Marked variation in prevalence of malaria-protective human genetic polymorphisms across Uganda. INFECTION GENETICS AND EVOLUTION 2017; 55:281-287. [PMID: 28939159 DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2017.09.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2017] [Revised: 08/16/2017] [Accepted: 09/18/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A number of human genetic polymorphisms are prevalent in tropical populations and appear to offer protection against symptomatic and/or severe malaria. We compared the prevalence of four polymorphisms, the sickle hemoglobin mutation (β globin E6V), the α-thalassemia 3.7kb deletion, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency caused by the common African variant (G6PD A-), and the CD36 T188G mutation in 1344 individuals residing in districts in eastern (Tororo), south-central (Jinja), and southwestern (Kanungu) Uganda. Genes of interest were amplified, amplicons subjected to mutation-specific restriction endonuclease digestion (for sickle hemoglobin, G6PD A-, and CD36 T188G), reaction products resolved by electrophoresis, and genotypes determined based on the sizes of reaction products. Mutant genotypes were common, with many more heterozygous than homozygous alleles identified. The prevalences (heterozygotes plus homozygotes) of sickle hemoglobin (28% Tororo, 25% Jinja, 7% Kanungu), α-thalassemia (53% Tororo, 45% Jinja, 18% Kanungu) and G6PD A- (29% Tororo, 18% Jinja, 8% Kanungu) were significantly greater in Tororo and Jinja compared to Kanungu (p<0.0001 for all three alleles); prevalences were also significantly greater in Tororo compared to Jinja for α-thalassemia (p=0.03) and G6PD A- (p<0.0001). For the CD36 T188G mutation, the prevalence was significantly greater in Tororo compared to Jinja or Kanungu (27% Tororo, 17% Jinja, 18% Kanungu; p=0.0004 and 0.0017, respectively). Considering ethnicity of study subjects, based on primary language spoken, the prevalence of mutant genotypes was lower in Bantu compared to non-Bantu language speakers, but in the Jinja cohort, the only study population with a marked diversity of language groups, prevalence did not differ between Bantu and non-Bantu speakers. These results indicate marked differences in human genetic features between populations in different regions of Uganda. These differences might be explained by both ethnic variation and by varied malaria risk in different regions of Uganda.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Moses Kiggundu
- Infectious Diseases Research Collaboration, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Federica Verra
- London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
| | | | | | - Chris Drakeley
- London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
| | - Grant Dorsey
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Moses R Kamya
- Infectious Diseases Research Collaboration, Kampala, Uganda; Department of Medicine, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Samuel L Nsobya
- Infectious Diseases Research Collaboration, Kampala, Uganda; Department of Pathology, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Philip J Rosenthal
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA.
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Ankyrin-1 Gene Exhibits Allelic Heterogeneity in Conferring Protection Against Malaria. G3-GENES GENOMES GENETICS 2017; 7:3133-3144. [PMID: 28751503 PMCID: PMC5592938 DOI: 10.1534/g3.117.300079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Allelic heterogeneity is a common phenomenon where a gene exhibits a different phenotype depending on the nature of its genetic mutations. In the context of genes affecting malaria susceptibility, it allowed us to explore and understand the intricate host–parasite interactions during malaria infections. In this study, we described a gene encoding erythrocytic ankyrin-1 (Ank-1) which exhibits allelic-dependent heterogeneous phenotypes during malaria infections. We conducted an ENU mutagenesis screen on mice and identified two Ank-1 mutations, one resulting in an amino acid substitution (MRI95845), and the other a truncated Ank-1 protein (MRI96570). Both mutations caused hereditary spherocytosis-like phenotypes and confer differing protection against Plasmodium chabaudi infections. Upon further examination, the Ank-1(MRI96570) mutation was found to inhibit intraerythrocytic parasite maturation, whereas Ank-1(MRI95845) caused increased bystander erythrocyte clearance during infection. This is the first description of allelic heterogeneity in ankyrin-1 from the direct comparison between two Ank-1 mutations. Despite the lack of direct evidence from population studies, this data further supported the protective roles of ankyrin-1 mutations in conferring malaria protection. This study also emphasized the importance of such phenomena in achieving a better understanding of host–parasite interactions, which could be the basis of future studies.
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Sepúlveda N, Manjurano A, Campino SG, Lemnge M, Lusingu J, Olomi R, Rockett KA, Hubbart C, Jeffreys A, Rowlands K, Clark TG, Riley EM, Drakeley CJ. Malaria Host Candidate Genes Validated by Association With Current, Recent, and Historical Measures of Transmission Intensity. J Infect Dis 2017; 216:45-54. [PMID: 28541483 PMCID: PMC5853769 DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jix250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2016] [Accepted: 05/24/2017] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Human malaria susceptibility is determined by multiple genetic factors. It is unclear, however, which genetic variants remain important over time. Methods Genetic associations of 175 high-quality polymorphisms within several malaria candidate genes were examined in a sample of 8096 individuals from northeast Tanzania using altitude, seroconversion rates, and parasite rates as proxies of historical, recent, and current malaria transmission intensity. A principal component analysis was used to derive 2 alternative measures of overall malaria propensity of a location across different time scales. Results Common red blood cell polymorphisms (ie, hemoglobin S, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, and α-thalassemia) were the only ones to be associated with all 3 measures of transmission intensity and the first principal component. Moderate associations were found between some immune response genes (ie, IL3 and IL13) and parasite rates, but these could not be reproduced using the alternative measures of malaria propensity. Conclusions We have demonstrated the potential of using altitude and seroconversion rate as measures of malaria transmission capturing medium- to long-term time scales to detect genetic associations that are likely to persist over time. These measures also have the advantage of minimizing the deleterious effects of random factors affecting parasite rates on the respective association signals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nuno Sepúlveda
- London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine
- Centre of Statistics and Applications, University of Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Alphaxard Manjurano
- London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine
- Joint Malaria Programme, Kilimanjaro Christian Medical Centre, Moshi
| | - Susana G Campino
- London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton
| | - Martha Lemnge
- National Institute for Medical Research, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
| | - John Lusingu
- National Institute for Medical Research, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
| | - Raimos Olomi
- Joint Malaria Programme, Kilimanjaro Christian Medical Centre, Moshi
| | - Kirk A Rockett
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Christina Hubbart
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Anna Jeffreys
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Kate Rowlands
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, United Kingdom
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Marquet S. Overview of human genetic susceptibility to malaria: From parasitemia control to severe disease. INFECTION GENETICS AND EVOLUTION 2017; 66:399-409. [PMID: 28579526 DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2017.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2017] [Revised: 05/31/2017] [Accepted: 06/01/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Malaria is a life-threatening blood disease caused by the protozoan Plasmodium. Infection may lead to several different patterns of symptoms in the host: asymptomatic state, uncomplicated disease or severe disease. Severe malaria occurs mostly in young children and is a major cause of death. Disease is thought to result from the sequestration of parasites in the small blood vessels of the brain and the deregulation of key immune system elements. The cellular and molecular regulatory mechanisms underlying the pathogenesis of disease are however not fully understood. What is known it is that the genetic determinants of the host play an important role in the severity of the disease and the outcome of infection. Here we review the most convincing results obtained through genetic epidemiology studies concerning the genetic control of malaria in human caused by Plasmodium falciparum infection. The identification of genes conferring susceptibility or resistance to malaria might improve diagnosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandrine Marquet
- Aix-Marseille University, INSERM, GIMP, Labex ParaFrap, Marseille, France.
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40
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Reales G, Rovaris DL, Jacovas VC, Hünemeier T, Sandoval JR, Salazar-Granara A, Demarchi DA, Tarazona-Santos E, Felkl AB, Serafini MA, Salzano FM, Bisso-Machado R, Comas D, Paixão-Côrtes VR, Bortolini MC. A tale of agriculturalists and hunter-gatherers: Exploring the thrifty genotype hypothesis in native South Americans. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL ANTHROPOLOGY 2017; 163:591-601. [PMID: 28464262 DOI: 10.1002/ajpa.23233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2017] [Revised: 04/06/2017] [Accepted: 04/06/2017] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To determine genetic differences between agriculturalist and hunter-gatherer southern Native American populations for selected metabolism-related markers and to test whether Neel's thrifty genotype hypothesis (TGH) could explain the genetic patterns observed in these populations. MATERIALS AND METHODS 375 Native South American individuals from 17 populations were genotyped using six markers (APOE rs429358 and rs7412; APOA2 rs5082; CD36 rs3211883; TCF7L2 rs11196205; and IGF2BP2 rs11705701). Additionally, APOE genotypes from 39 individuals were obtained from the literature. AMOVA, main effects, and gene-gene interaction tests were performed. RESULTS We observed differences in allele distribution patterns between agriculturalists and hunter-gatherers for some markers. For instance, between-groups component of genetic variance (FCT ) for APOE rs429358 showed strong differences in allelic distributions between hunter-gatherers and agriculturalists (p = 0.00196). Gene-gene interaction analysis indicated that the APOE E4/CD36 TT and APOE E4/IGF2BP2 A carrier combinations occur at a higher frequency in hunter-gatherers, but this combination is not replicated in archaic (Neanderthal and Denisovan) and ancient (Anzick, Saqqaq, Ust-Ishim, Mal'ta) hunter-gatherer individuals. DISCUSSION A complex scenario explains the observed frequencies of the tested markers in hunter-gatherers. Different factors, such as pleotropic alleles, rainforest selective pressures, and population dynamics, may be collectively shaping the observed genetic patterns. We conclude that although TGH seems a plausible hypothesis to explain part of the data, other factors may be important in our tested populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guillermo Reales
- Departamento de Genética, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Diego L Rovaris
- Departamento de Genética, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Vanessa C Jacovas
- Departamento de Genética, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Tábita Hünemeier
- Departamento de Genética e Biologia Evolutiva, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - José R Sandoval
- Facultad de Medicina Humana, Universidad de San Martin de Porres, Lima, Peru
| | | | - Darío A Demarchi
- Instituto de Antropología de Córdoba, CONICET, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Eduardo Tarazona-Santos
- Departamento de Biologia Geral, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Aline B Felkl
- Departamento de Genética, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Michele A Serafini
- Departamento de Genética, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Francisco M Salzano
- Departamento de Genética, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Rafael Bisso-Machado
- Polo de Desarrollo Universitario Diversidad Genética Humana, Centro Universitario de Tacuarembó, Universidad de la República, Tacuarembó, Uruguay
| | - David Comas
- Institut de Biologia Evolutiva (CSIC-UPF), Departament de Ciències Experimentals i de La Salut, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Vanessa R Paixão-Côrtes
- Departamento de Biologia Geral, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Maria Cátira Bortolini
- Departamento de Genética, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
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41
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Thylur RP, Wu X, Gowda NM, Punnath K, Neelgund SE, Febbraio M, Gowda DC. CD36 receptor regulates malaria-induced immune responses primarily at early blood stage infection contributing to parasitemia control and resistance to mortality. J Biol Chem 2017; 292:9394-9408. [PMID: 28416609 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m117.781294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2017] [Revised: 04/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
In malaria, CD36 plays several roles, including mediating parasite sequestration to host organs, phagocytic clearance of parasites, and regulation of immunity. Although the functions of CD36 in parasite sequestration and phagocytosis have been clearly defined, less is known about its role in malaria immunity. Here, to understand the function of CD36 in malaria immunity, we studied parasite growth, innate and adaptive immune responses, and host survival in WT and Cd36-/- mice infected with a non-lethal strain of Plasmodium yoelii Compared with Cd36-/- mice, WT mice had lower parasitemias and were resistant to death. At early but not at later stages of infection, WT mice had higher circulatory proinflammatory cytokines and lower anti-inflammatory cytokines than Cd36-/- mice. WT mice showed higher frequencies of proinflammatory cytokine-producing and lower frequencies of anti-inflammatory cytokine-producing dendritic cells (DCs) and natural killer cells than Cd36-/- mice. Cytokines produced by co-cultures of DCs from infected mice and ovalbumin-specific, MHC class II-restricted α/β (OT-II) T cells reflected CD36-dependent DC function. WT mice also showed increased Th1 and reduced Th2 responses compared with Cd36-/- mice, mainly at early stages of infection. Furthermore, in infected WT mice, macrophages and neutrophils expressed higher levels of phagocytic receptors and showed enhanced phagocytosis of parasite-infected erythrocytes than those in Cd36-/- mice in an IFN-γ-dependent manner. However, there were no differences in malaria-induced humoral responses between WT and Cd36-/- mice. Overall, the results show that CD36 plays a significant role in controlling parasite burden by contributing to proinflammatory cytokine responses by DCs and natural killer cells, Th1 development, phagocytic receptor expression, and phagocytic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramesh P Thylur
- From the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania 17033 and
| | - Xianzhu Wu
- From the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania 17033 and
| | - Nagaraj M Gowda
- From the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania 17033 and
| | - Kishore Punnath
- From the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania 17033 and
| | - Shivayogeeshwara E Neelgund
- From the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania 17033 and
| | - Maria Febbraio
- the Department of Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2E1, Canada
| | - D Channe Gowda
- From the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania 17033 and
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42
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Olonisakin TF, Li H, Xiong Z, Kochman EJK, Yu M, Qu Y, Hulver M, Kolls JK, St Croix C, Doi Y, Nguyen MH, Shanks RMQ, Mallampalli RK, Kagan VE, Ray A, Silverstein RL, Ray P, Lee JS. CD36 Provides Host Protection Against Klebsiella pneumoniae Intrapulmonary Infection by Enhancing Lipopolysaccharide Responsiveness and Macrophage Phagocytosis. J Infect Dis 2016; 214:1865-1875. [PMID: 27683817 DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiw451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2016] [Accepted: 09/19/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Klebsiella pneumoniae remains an important cause of intrapulmonary infection and invasive disease worldwide. K. pneumoniae can evade serum killing and phagocytosis primarily through the expression of a polysaccharide capsule, but its pathogenicity is also influenced by host factors. We examined whether CD36, a scavenger receptor that recognizes pathogen and modified self ligands, is a host determinant of K. pneumoniae pathogenicity. Despite differences in serum sensitivity and virulence of 3 distinct K. pneumoniae (hypermucoviscous K1, research K2, and carbapenemase-producing ST258) strains, the absence of CD36 significantly increased host susceptibility to acute intrapulmonary infection by K. pneumoniae, regardless of strain. We demonstrate that CD36 enhances LPS responsiveness to K. pneumoniae to increase downstream cytokine production and macrophage phagocytosis that is independent of polysaccharide capsular antigen. Our study provides new insights into host determinants of K. pneumoniae pathogenicity and raises the possibility that functional mutations in CD36 may predispose individuals to K. pneumoniae syndromes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tolani F Olonisakin
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine
| | - Huihua Li
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine
| | - Zeyu Xiong
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine
| | | | - Minting Yu
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine
| | - Yanyan Qu
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine
| | - Mei Hulver
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine
| | | | | | | | | | - Robert M Q Shanks
- Department of Ophthalmology.,Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics
| | - Rama K Mallampalli
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine
| | - Valerian E Kagan
- Department of Environmental Occupational Health, Graduate School of Public Health
| | - Anuradha Ray
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine
| | - Roy L Silverstein
- Department of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin.,Blood Research Institute, Blood Center of Wisconsin, Milwaukee
| | - Prabir Ray
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine
| | - Janet S Lee
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine.,Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
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43
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Gurung P, Kanneganti TD. Immune responses against protozoan parasites: a focus on the emerging role of Nod-like receptors. Cell Mol Life Sci 2016; 73:3035-51. [PMID: 27032699 PMCID: PMC4956549 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-016-2212-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2015] [Revised: 03/11/2016] [Accepted: 03/24/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Nod-like receptors (NLRs) have gained attention in recent years because of the ability of some family members to assemble into a multimeric protein complex known as the inflammasome. The role of NLRs and the inflammasome in regulating innate immunity against bacterial pathogens has been well studied. However, recent studies show that NLRs and inflammasomes also play a role during infections caused by protozoan parasites, which pose a significant global health burden. Herein, we review the diseases caused by the most common protozoan parasites in the world and discuss the roles of NLRs and inflammasomes in host immunity against these parasites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prajwal Gurung
- Department of Immunology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis, TN, 38105-2794, USA
| | - Thirumala-Devi Kanneganti
- Department of Immunology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis, TN, 38105-2794, USA.
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44
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Chami N, Chen MH, Slater AJ, Eicher JD, Evangelou E, Tajuddin SM, Love-Gregory L, Kacprowski T, Schick UM, Nomura A, Giri A, Lessard S, Brody JA, Schurmann C, Pankratz N, Yanek LR, Manichaikul A, Pazoki R, Mihailov E, Hill WD, Raffield LM, Burt A, Bartz TM, Becker DM, Becker LC, Boerwinkle E, Bork-Jensen J, Bottinger EP, O'Donoghue ML, Crosslin DR, de Denus S, Dubé MP, Elliott P, Engström G, Evans MK, Floyd JS, Fornage M, Gao H, Greinacher A, Gudnason V, Hansen T, Harris TB, Hayward C, Hernesniemi J, Highland HM, Hirschhorn JN, Hofman A, Irvin MR, Kähönen M, Lange E, Launer LJ, Lehtimäki T, Li J, Liewald DCM, Linneberg A, Liu Y, Lu Y, Lyytikäinen LP, Mägi R, Mathias RA, Melander O, Metspalu A, Mononen N, Nalls MA, Nickerson DA, Nikus K, O'Donnell CJ, Orho-Melander M, Pedersen O, Petersmann A, Polfus L, Psaty BM, Raitakari OT, Raitoharju E, Richard M, Rice KM, Rivadeneira F, Rotter JI, Schmidt F, Smith AV, Starr JM, Taylor KD, Teumer A, Thuesen BH, Torstenson ES, Tracy RP, Tzoulaki I, Zakai NA, Vacchi-Suzzi C, van Duijn CM, van Rooij FJA, Cushman M, Deary IJ, Velez Edwards DR, Vergnaud AC, Wallentin L, Waterworth DM, White HD, Wilson JG, Zonderman AB, Kathiresan S, Grarup N, Esko T, Loos RJF, Lange LA, Faraday N, Abumrad NA, Edwards TL, Ganesh SK, Auer PL, Johnson AD, Reiner AP, Lettre G. Exome Genotyping Identifies Pleiotropic Variants Associated with Red Blood Cell Traits. Am J Hum Genet 2016; 99:8-21. [PMID: 27346685 PMCID: PMC5005438 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2016.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2016] [Accepted: 05/03/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Red blood cell (RBC) traits are important heritable clinical biomarkers and modifiers of disease severity. To identify coding genetic variants associated with these traits, we conducted meta-analyses of seven RBC phenotypes in 130,273 multi-ethnic individuals from studies genotyped on an exome array. After conditional analyses and replication in 27,480 independent individuals, we identified 16 new RBC variants. We found low-frequency missense variants in MAP1A (rs55707100, minor allele frequency [MAF] = 3.3%, p = 2 × 10(-10) for hemoglobin [HGB]) and HNF4A (rs1800961, MAF = 2.4%, p < 3 × 10(-8) for hematocrit [HCT] and HGB). In African Americans, we identified a nonsense variant in CD36 associated with higher RBC distribution width (rs3211938, MAF = 8.7%, p = 7 × 10(-11)) and showed that it is associated with lower CD36 expression and strong allelic imbalance in ex vivo differentiated human erythroblasts. We also identified a rare missense variant in ALAS2 (rs201062903, MAF = 0.2%) associated with lower mean corpuscular volume and mean corpuscular hemoglobin (p < 8 × 10(-9)). Mendelian mutations in ALAS2 are a cause of sideroblastic anemia and erythropoietic protoporphyria. Gene-based testing highlighted three rare missense variants in PKLR, a gene mutated in Mendelian non-spherocytic hemolytic anemia, associated with HGB and HCT (SKAT p < 8 × 10(-7)). These rare, low-frequency, and common RBC variants showed pleiotropy, being also associated with platelet, white blood cell, and lipid traits. Our association results and functional annotation suggest the involvement of new genes in human erythropoiesis. We also confirm that rare and low-frequency variants play a role in the architecture of complex human traits, although their phenotypic effect is generally smaller than originally anticipated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathalie Chami
- Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada; Montreal Heart Institute, Montréal, QC H1T 1C8, Canada
| | - Ming-Huei Chen
- Population Sciences Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, The Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA 01702, USA
| | - Andrew J Slater
- Genetics Target Sciences, GlaxoSmithKline, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA; OmicSoft Corporation, Cary, NC 27513, USA
| | - John D Eicher
- Population Sciences Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, The Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA 01702, USA
| | - Evangelos Evangelou
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London W2 1PG, UK; Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, University of Ioannina Medical School, Ioannina 45110, Greece
| | - Salman M Tajuddin
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, National Institute on Aging, NIH, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Latisha Love-Gregory
- Department of Medicine, Center of Human Nutrition, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Tim Kacprowski
- Department of Functional Genomics, Interfaculty Institute for Genetics and Functional Genomics, University Medicine, Greifswald and Ernst-Mortiz-Arndt University Greifswald, Greifswald 17475, Germany; DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Greifswald, Greifswald QA, Germany
| | - Ursula M Schick
- The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10069, USA
| | - Akihiro Nomura
- Center for Human Genetic Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA; Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Cardiovascular Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA; Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Kanazawa University, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 9200942, Japan
| | - Ayush Giri
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Institute for Medicine and Public Health, Vanderbilt Genetics Institute, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, USA
| | - Samuel Lessard
- Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada; Montreal Heart Institute, Montréal, QC H1T 1C8, Canada
| | - Jennifer A Brody
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98101, USA
| | - Claudia Schurmann
- The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10069, USA; The Genetics of Obesity and Related Metabolic Traits Program, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10069, USA
| | - Nathan Pankratz
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55454, USA
| | - Lisa R Yanek
- Department of Medicine/Division of General Internal Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Ani Manichaikul
- Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Raha Pazoki
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus, MC Rotterdam 3000, the Netherlands
| | - Evelin Mihailov
- Estonian Genome Center, University of Tartu, Tartu 51010, Estonia
| | - W David Hill
- Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH8 9JZ, UK; Department of Psychology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH8 9JZ, UK
| | - Laura M Raffield
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27514, USA
| | - Amber Burt
- Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Traci M Bartz
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Diane M Becker
- Department of Medicine/Division of General Internal Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Lewis C Becker
- Department of Medicine/Divisions of Cardiology and General Internal Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Eric Boerwinkle
- Human Genetics Center, School of Public Health, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Jette Bork-Jensen
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation, Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen 2100, Denmark
| | - Erwin P Bottinger
- The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10069, USA
| | - Michelle L O'Donoghue
- TIMI Study Group, Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - David R Crosslin
- Department of Biomedical Informatics and Medical Education, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Simon de Denus
- Montreal Heart Institute, Montréal, QC H1T 1C8, Canada; Faculty of Pharmacy, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada
| | - Marie-Pierre Dubé
- Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada; Montreal Heart Institute, Montréal, QC H1T 1C8, Canada
| | - Paul Elliott
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London W2 1PG, UK
| | - Gunnar Engström
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Malmö, Lund University, Malmö 221 00, Sweden; Skåne University Hospital, Malmö 222 41, Sweden
| | - Michele K Evans
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, National Institute on Aging, NIH, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - James S Floyd
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98101, USA
| | - Myriam Fornage
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - He Gao
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London W2 1PG, UK
| | - Andreas Greinacher
- Institute for Immunology and Transfusion Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald 17475, Germany
| | - Vilmundur Gudnason
- Icelandic Heart Association, 201 Kopavogur, Iceland; Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, 101 Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Torben Hansen
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation, Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen 2100, Denmark
| | - Tamara B Harris
- Laboratory of Epidemiology, Demography, and Biometry, National Institute on Aging, Intramural Research Program, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Caroline Hayward
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, UK
| | - Jussi Hernesniemi
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories, Tampere 33520, Finland; Department of Clinical Chemistry, University of Tampere School of Medicine, Tampere 33014, Finland; University of Tampere, School of Medicine, Tampere 33014, Finland
| | - Heather M Highland
- Human Genetics Center, School of Public Health, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27514, USA
| | - Joel N Hirschhorn
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Department of Endocrinology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Albert Hofman
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus, MC Rotterdam 3000, the Netherlands; Department of Epidemiology, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Marguerite R Irvin
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35233, USA
| | - Mika Kähönen
- Department of Clinical Physiology, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere 33521, Finland; Department of Clinical Physiology, University of Tampere School of Medicine, Tampere 33014, Finland
| | - Ethan Lange
- Departments of Genetics and Biostatistics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Lenore J Launer
- Laboratory of Epidemiology, Demography, and Biometry, National Institute on Aging, Intramural Research Program, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Terho Lehtimäki
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories, Tampere 33520, Finland; Department of Clinical Chemistry, University of Tampere School of Medicine, Tampere 33014, Finland
| | - Jin Li
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Stanford University, School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA 94305, USA
| | - David C M Liewald
- Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH8 9JZ, UK; Department of Psychology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH8 9JZ, UK
| | - Allan Linneberg
- Research Centre for Prevention and Health, The Capital Region of Denmark, Copenhagen 2600, Denmark; Department of Clinical Experimental Research, Rigshospitalet, Glostrup 2100, Denmark; Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen 2200, Denmark
| | - Yongmei Liu
- Center for Human Genetics, Division of Public Health Sciences, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA
| | - Yingchang Lu
- The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10069, USA; The Genetics of Obesity and Related Metabolic Traits Program, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10069, USA
| | - Leo-Pekka Lyytikäinen
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories, Tampere 33520, Finland; Department of Clinical Chemistry, University of Tampere School of Medicine, Tampere 33014, Finland
| | - Reedik Mägi
- Estonian Genome Center, University of Tartu, Tartu 51010, Estonia
| | - Rasika A Mathias
- Department of Medicine, Divisions of Allergy and Clinical Immunology and General Internal Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Olle Melander
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Malmö, Lund University, Malmö 221 00, Sweden; Skåne University Hospital, Malmö 222 41, Sweden
| | - Andres Metspalu
- Estonian Genome Center, University of Tartu, Tartu 51010, Estonia
| | - Nina Mononen
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories, Tampere 33520, Finland; Department of Clinical Chemistry, University of Tampere School of Medicine, Tampere 33014, Finland
| | - Mike A Nalls
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Deborah A Nickerson
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98105, USA
| | - Kjell Nikus
- University of Tampere, School of Medicine, Tampere 33014, Finland; Department of Cardiology, Heart Center, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere 33521, Finland
| | - Chris J O'Donnell
- Population Sciences Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, The Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA 01702, USA; Cardiology Section and Center for Population Genomics, Boston Veteran's Administration (VA) Healthcare, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Marju Orho-Melander
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Malmö, Lund University, Malmö 221 00, Sweden; Skåne University Hospital, Malmö 222 41, Sweden
| | - Oluf Pedersen
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation, Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen 2100, Denmark
| | - Astrid Petersmann
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald 17475, Germany
| | - Linda Polfus
- Human Genetics Center, School of Public Health, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Bruce M Psaty
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Departments of Medicine Epidemiology and Health Services, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98101, USA; Group Health Research Institute, Group Health Cooperative, Seattle, WA 98101, USA
| | - Olli T Raitakari
- Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Turku University Hospital, Turku 20521, Finland; Research Centre of Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Turku, Turku 20520, Finland
| | - Emma Raitoharju
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories, Tampere 33520, Finland; Department of Clinical Chemistry, University of Tampere School of Medicine, Tampere 33014, Finland
| | - Melissa Richard
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Kenneth M Rice
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Fernando Rivadeneira
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus, MC Rotterdam 3000, the Netherlands; Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam 3000, the Netherlands; Netherlands Consortium for Healthy Ageing (NCHA), Rotterdam 3015, the Netherlands
| | - Jerome I Rotter
- Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute, Torrance, CA 90502, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA 90502, USA
| | - Frank Schmidt
- Department of Functional Genomics, Interfaculty Institute for Genetics and Functional Genomics, University Medicine, Greifswald and Ernst-Mortiz-Arndt University Greifswald, Greifswald 17475, Germany
| | - Albert Vernon Smith
- Icelandic Heart Association, 201 Kopavogur, Iceland; Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, 101 Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - John M Starr
- Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH8 9JZ, UK; Alzheimer Scotland Research Centre, Edinburgh EH8 9JZ, UK
| | - Kent D Taylor
- Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute, Torrance, CA 90502, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA 90502, USA
| | - Alexander Teumer
- Institute for Community Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald 17475, Germany
| | - Betina H Thuesen
- Research Centre for Prevention and Health, The Capital Region of Denmark, Copenhagen 2600, Denmark
| | - Eric S Torstenson
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Institute for Medicine and Public Health, Vanderbilt Genetics Institute, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, USA
| | - Russell P Tracy
- Departments of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine and Biochemistry, University of Vermont College of Medicine, Colchester, VT 05446, USA
| | - Ioanna Tzoulaki
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London W2 1PG, UK; Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, University of Ioannina Medical School, Ioannina 45110, Greece
| | - Neil A Zakai
- Departments of Medicine and Pathology, University of Vermont College of Medicine, Burlington, VT 05405, USA
| | - Caterina Vacchi-Suzzi
- Department of Family Population and Preventive Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA
| | | | | | - Mary Cushman
- Departments of Medicine and Pathology, University of Vermont College of Medicine, Burlington, VT 05405, USA
| | - Ian J Deary
- Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH8 9JZ, UK; Department of Psychology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH8 9JZ, UK
| | - Digna R Velez Edwards
- Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Institute for Medicine and Public Health, Vanderbilt Genetics Institute, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37203, USA
| | - Anne-Claire Vergnaud
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London W2 1PG, UK
| | - Lars Wallentin
- Department of Medical Sciences, Cardiology and Uppsala Clinical Research Center, Uppsala University, Uppsala 751 85, Sweden
| | - Dawn M Waterworth
- Genetics Target Sciences, GlaxoSmithKline, King of Prussia, PA 19406, USA
| | - Harvey D White
- Green Lane Cardiovascular Service, Auckland City Hospital and University of Auckland, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
| | - James G Wilson
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS 39216, USA
| | - Alan B Zonderman
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, National Institute on Aging, NIH, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Sekar Kathiresan
- Center for Human Genetic Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA; Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Cardiovascular Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA; Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Niels Grarup
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation, Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen 2100, Denmark
| | - Tõnu Esko
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Estonian Genome Center, University of Tartu, Tartu 51010, Estonia
| | - Ruth J F Loos
- The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10069, USA; The Genetics of Obesity and Related Metabolic Traits Program, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10069, USA; The Mindich Child Health and Development Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10069, USA
| | - Leslie A Lange
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27514, USA
| | - Nauder Faraday
- Department of Anesthesiology & Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Nada A Abumrad
- Department of Medicine, Center of Human Nutrition, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Todd L Edwards
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Institute for Medicine and Public Health, Vanderbilt Genetics Institute, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, USA
| | - Santhi K Ganesh
- Departments of Internal Medicine and Human Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48108, USA
| | - Paul L Auer
- Zilber School of Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, WI 53205, USA
| | - Andrew D Johnson
- Population Sciences Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, The Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA 01702, USA
| | - Alexander P Reiner
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA; Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA.
| | - Guillaume Lettre
- Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada; Montreal Heart Institute, Montréal, QC H1T 1C8, Canada.
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Longo N, Frigeni M, Pasquali M. Carnitine transport and fatty acid oxidation. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2016; 1863:2422-35. [PMID: 26828774 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2016.01.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 480] [Impact Index Per Article: 60.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2015] [Revised: 01/27/2016] [Accepted: 01/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Carnitine is essential for the transfer of long-chain fatty acids across the inner mitochondrial membrane for subsequent β-oxidation. It can be synthesized by the body or assumed with the diet from meat and dairy products. Defects in carnitine biosynthesis do not routinely result in low plasma carnitine levels. Carnitine is accumulated by the cells and retained by kidneys using OCTN2, a high affinity organic cation transporter specific for carnitine. Defects in the OCTN2 carnitine transporter results in autosomal recessive primary carnitine deficiency characterized by decreased intracellular carnitine accumulation, increased losses of carnitine in the urine, and low serum carnitine levels. Patients can present early in life with hypoketotic hypoglycemia and hepatic encephalopathy, or later in life with skeletal and cardiac myopathy or sudden death from cardiac arrhythmia, usually triggered by fasting or catabolic state. This disease responds to oral carnitine that, in pharmacological doses, enters cells using the amino acid transporter B(0,+). Primary carnitine deficiency can be suspected from the clinical presentation or identified by low levels of free carnitine (C0) in the newborn screening. Some adult patients have been diagnosed following the birth of an unaffected child with very low carnitine levels in the newborn screening. The diagnosis is confirmed by measuring low carnitine uptake in the patients' fibroblasts or by DNA sequencing of the SLC22A5 gene encoding the OCTN2 carnitine transporter. Some mutations are specific for certain ethnic backgrounds, but the majority are private and identified only in individual families. Although the genotype usually does not correlate with metabolic or cardiac involvement in primary carnitine deficiency, patients presenting as adults tend to have at least one missense mutation retaining residual activity. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Mitochondrial Channels edited by Pierre Sonveaux, Pierre Maechler and Jean-Claude Martinou.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicola Longo
- Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA; Department of Pathology, University of Utah, and ARUP Laboratories, 500 Chipeta Way, Salt Lake City, UT, USA.
| | - Marta Frigeni
- Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Marzia Pasquali
- Department of Pathology, University of Utah, and ARUP Laboratories, 500 Chipeta Way, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
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Di Gioia M, Zanoni I. Toll-like receptor co-receptors as master regulators of the immune response. Mol Immunol 2015; 63:143-52. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2014.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2014] [Revised: 05/24/2014] [Accepted: 05/25/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Abstract
Parasites still impose a high death and disability burden on human populations, and are therefore likely to act as selective factors for genetic adaptations. Genetic epidemiological investigation of parasitic diseases is aimed at disentangling the mechanisms underlying immunity and pathogenesis by looking for associations or linkages between loci and susceptibility phenotypes. Until recently, most studies used a candidate gene approach and were relatively underpowered, with few attempts at replicating findings in different populations. However, in the last 5 years, genome-wide and/or multicentre studies have been conducted for severe malaria, visceral leishmaniasis, and cardiac Chagas disease, providing some novel important insights. Furthermore, studies of helminth infections have repeatedly shown the involvement of common loci in regulating susceptibility to distinct diseases such as schistosomiasis, ascariasis, trichuriasis, and onchocherciasis. As more studies are conducted, evidence is increasing that at least some of the identified susceptibility loci are shared not only among parasitic diseases but also with immunological disorders such as allergy or autoimmune disease, suggesting that parasites may have played a role in driving the evolution of the immune system.
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Affiliation(s)
- V D Mangano
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, University of Rome 'La Sapienza', Rome, Italy; Istituto Pasteur, Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, University of Rome 'La Sapienza', Rome, Italy
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Plasmodium and mononuclear phagocytes. Microb Pathog 2014; 78:43-51. [PMID: 25450889 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2014.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2014] [Revised: 11/14/2014] [Accepted: 11/19/2014] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Plasmodium, the causative agent of malaria, initially multiplies inside liver cells and then in successive cycles inside erythrocytes, causing the symptoms of the disease. In this review, we discuss interactions between the extracellular and intracellular forms of the Plasmodium parasite and innate immune cells in the mammalian host, with a special emphasis on mononuclear phagocytes. We overview here what is known about the innate immune cells that interact with parasites, mechanisms used by the parasite to evade them, and the protective or detrimental contribution of these interactions on parasite progression through its life cycle and pathology in the host.
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Li R, Qiao Z, Ling B, Lu P, Zhu Z. Incidence and molecular basis of CD36 deficiency in Shanghai population. Transfusion 2014; 55:666-73. [PMID: 25330908 DOI: 10.1111/trf.12890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2014] [Revised: 08/17/2014] [Accepted: 08/24/2014] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND CD36 is a multifunctional membrane receptor and is expressed in several cell lines. Individuals who lack platelet (PLT) CD36 are at risk for immunization against this antigen, leading to several clinical syndromes. This study aimed to investigate the frequency and molecular basis of CD36 deficiency in Shanghai. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS Whole blood samples were collected from healthy blood donors, and the PLTs and monocytes were analyzed using flow cytometry to determine CD36 deficiency type. After genomic DNA was extracted, Exons 3 to 14 of CD36 gene including a part of relevant flanking introns were amplified. Direct nucleotide sequencing and sequence alignment were performed. The samples that showed mutations were confirmed by clonal sequencing. RESULTS Of the 1022 healthy blood donors analyzed, 22 individuals failed to express CD36 on PLTs; two of them expressed no CD36 on their monocytes either. These results demonstrated that the frequencies of Type I (lacking CD36 expression on PLTs and monocytes) and Type II (lacking CD36 expression on PLTs only) CD36 deficiency among the study population were 0.2 and 2.0%, respectively. Nucleotide sequencing analysis revealed nine different mutations including six mutations that were not yet reported. The most frequent mutations among the study population were 329-330delAC and 1228-1239delATTGTGCCTATT. CONCLUSION The study findings have confirmed the fact that the frequency of CD36 deficiency in the Chinese population is slightly lower than that in other Asian countries. The identification of several new mutation types indicated the polymorphism of CD36 gene in the Shanghai population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruishu Li
- Shanghai Institute of Blood Transfusion, Shanghai Blood Center, Shanghai, China
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Ali IM, Evehe MSB, Netongo PM, Atogho-Tiedeu B, Akindeh-Nji M, Ngora H, Domkam IK, Diakite M, Baldip K, Ranford-Cartwright L, Mimche PN, Lamb T, Mbacham WF. Host candidate gene polymorphisms and associated clearance of P. falciparum amodiaquine and fansidar resistance mutants in children less than 5 years in Cameroon. Pathog Glob Health 2014; 108:323-33. [PMID: 25388906 PMCID: PMC4241784 DOI: 10.1179/2047773214y.0000000159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In this post-hoc analysis, we determined the influence of single nucleotide polymorphisms in host candidate immune genes on the outcome of drug resistant malaria in Cameroon. METHODS Human DNA from 760 patients from a previous clinical trial was subjected to mass spectrometry-based single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) genotyping. Allele frequencies of candidate immune genes were calculated for 62 SNPs on 17 human chromosomes for their possible involvement in clearance of drug-resistant parasites with the triple mutations of pfcrt76T, pfmdr86Y, and pfmdr1246Y (TY) and pfdhfr51I, pfdhfr59R, pfdhfr108N, and pfdhps437G (IRNG) which were determined by dotblot or PCR-restriction analysis. Differences in SNP frequencies and association analysis were carried out by comparing Chi-square odds ratios (ORs) and stratified by Mantel-Haenzel statistics. An adjusted P value (OR) <0·0008 was considered significant. RESULTS Post-treatment drug failure rates were amodiaquine (36·4%); sulpadoxine/pyrimethamine-amodiaquine combination (15·4%); and sulphadoxine/pyrimethamine (18·1%). SNPs in IL22, IL-4R1, and CD36 appeared to have been associated with clearance of resistant parasites [p = 0·017, OR (C allele):1·44, 95% CI (OR): 1·06-1·95]; [P = 0·014, OR = 1·31, 95% CI (OR): 1·07-1·83]; [P = 5·78×10(-5), OR = 0·27, 95%CI (OR): 0·13-0·54], respectively, with high fever (>39°C for 48 hours) [IL-22, P = 0·01, OR = 1·5, 95% CI (OR): 1·8-2·1] and also in high frequency among the Fulani participants [P = 0·006, OR = 1·83, 95% CI (OR): 1·11-3·08)]. The CD36-1264 null allele was completely absent in the northern population. CONCLUSION Independent association of SNPs in IL22 and IL-4 with clearance of amodiaquine- and sulphadoxine/pyrimethamine-resistant parasites did not reach statistical significance, but may suggest that not all drug-resistant mutants are adversely affected by the same immune-mediated mechanisms of clearance.
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