1
|
Lefrère H, Moore K, Floris G, Sanders J, Seignette IM, Bismeijer T, Peters D, Broeks A, Hooijberg E, Van Calsteren K, Neven P, Warner E, Peccatori FA, Loibl S, Maggen C, Han SN, Jerzak KJ, Annibali D, Lambrechts D, de Visser KE, Wessels L, Lenaerts L, Amant F. Poor Outcome in Postpartum Breast Cancer Patients Is Associated with Distinct Molecular and Immunologic Features. Clin Cancer Res 2023; 29:3729-3743. [PMID: 37449970 PMCID: PMC10502474 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-22-3645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Revised: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Patients with postpartum breast cancer diagnosed after cessation of breastfeeding (postweaning, PP-BCPW) have a particularly poor prognosis compared with patients diagnosed during lactation (PP-BCDL), or to pregnant (Pr-BC) and nulliparous (NP-BC) patients, regardless of standard prognostic characteristics. Animal studies point to a role of the involution process in stimulation of tumor growth in the mammary gland. However, in women, the molecular mechanisms that underlie this poor prognosis of patients with PP-BCPW remain vastly underexplored, due to of lack of adequate patient numbers and outcome data. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN We explored whether distinct prognostic features, common to all breast cancer molecular subtypes, exist in postpartum tumor tissue. Using detailed breastfeeding data, we delineated the postweaning period in PP-BC as a surrogate for mammary gland involution and performed whole transcriptome sequencing, immunohistochemical, and (multiplex) immunofluorescent analyses on tumor tissue of patients with PP-BCPW, PP-BCDL, Pr-BC, and NP-BC. RESULTS We found that patients with PP-BCPW having a low expression level of an immunoglobulin gene signature, but high infiltration of plasma B cells, have an increased risk for metastasis and death. Although PP-BCPW tumor tissue was also characterized by an increase in CD8+ cytotoxic T cells and reduced distance among these cell types, these parameters were not associated with differential clinical outcomes among groups. CONCLUSIONS These data point to the importance of plasma B cells in the postweaning mammary tumor microenvironment regarding the poor prognosis of PP-BCPW patients. Future prospective and in-depth research needs to further explore the role of B-cell immunobiology in this specific group of young patients with breast cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hanne Lefrère
- Department of Oncology, Laboratory of Gynaecological Oncology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Gynaecology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Kat Moore
- Division of Molecular Carcinogenesis, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Giuseppe Floris
- Department of Imaging and Pathology, Unit of Translational Cell & Tissue Research, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Pathology, Unit of Translational Cell & Tissue Research, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Multidisciplinary Breast Centre, UZ-KU Leuven Cancer Institute (LKI), University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Joyce Sanders
- Department of Pathology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Iris M. Seignette
- Department of Pathology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Tycho Bismeijer
- Division of Molecular Carcinogenesis, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Dennis Peters
- Department of Pathology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Annegien Broeks
- Core Facility Molecular Pathology and Biobanking, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Erik Hooijberg
- Department of Pathology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Kristel Van Calsteren
- Departement of Reproduction and regeneration, Division Women and Child, Feto-Maternal Medicine, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Patrick Neven
- Department of Oncology, Laboratory of Gynaecological Oncology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Multidisciplinary Breast Centre, UZ-KU Leuven Cancer Institute (LKI), University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Ellen Warner
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Sunnybrook Odette Cancer Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Fedro Alessandro Peccatori
- Division of Gynaecological Oncology, Department of Gynaecology, IEO European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Sibylle Loibl
- German Breast Group, Neu-Isenburg, Hessen, Germany
- Centre for Haematology and Oncology Bethanien, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Charlotte Maggen
- Department of Oncology, Laboratory of Gynaecological Oncology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Obstetrics and Prenatal Medicine, University Hospital Brussels, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Sileny N. Han
- Department of Oncology, Laboratory of Gynaecological Oncology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Katarzyna J. Jerzak
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Sunnybrook Odette Cancer Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Daniela Annibali
- Department of Oncology, Laboratory of Gynaecological Oncology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Diether Lambrechts
- Center for Cancer Biology, VIB, Leuven, Belgium
- Laboratory of Translational Genetics, Department of Human Genetics, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Karin E. de Visser
- Oncode Institute, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Division of Tumour Biology & Immunology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Immunology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Lodewyk Wessels
- Division of Molecular Carcinogenesis, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Oncode Institute, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Faculty of EEMCS, Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Liesbeth Lenaerts
- Department of Oncology, Laboratory of Gynaecological Oncology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Frédéric Amant
- Department of Oncology, Laboratory of Gynaecological Oncology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Gynaecology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Lu P, Zhang D, Ding F, Ma J, Xiang YK, Zhao M. Silencing of circCacna1c Inhibits ISO-Induced Cardiac Hypertrophy through miR-29b-2-5p/NFATc1 Axis. Cells 2023; 12:1667. [PMID: 37371137 DOI: 10.3390/cells12121667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Revised: 06/04/2023] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Pathological cardiac hypertrophy is one of the notable causes of heart failure. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) have been studied in association with cardiac hypertrophy; however, the mechanisms by which circRNAs regulate cardiac hypertrophy remain unclear. In this study, we identified a new circRNA, named circCacna1c, in cardiac hypertrophy. Adult male C57BL/6 mice and H9c2 cells were treated with isoprenaline hydrochloride (ISO) to establish a hypertrophy model. We found that circCacna1c was upregulated in ISO-induced hypertrophic heart tissue and H9c2 cells. Western blot and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction showed that silencing circCacna1c inhibited hypertrophic gene expression in ISO-induced H9c2 cells. Mechanistically, circCacna1c competitively bound to miR-29b-2-5p in a dual-luciferase reporter assay, which was downregulated in ISO-induced hypertrophic heart tissue and H9c2 cells. MiR-29b-2-5p inhibited the nuclear factor of activated T cells, cytoplasmic, calcineurin-dependent 1 (NFATc1) to control hypertrophic gene expression. After silencing circCacna1c, the expression of miR-29b-2-5p increased, which reduced hypertrophic gene expression by inhibiting NFATc1 expression. Together, these experiments indicate that circCacna1c promotes ISO-induced pathological hypertrophy through the miR-29b-2-5p/NFATc1 axis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Peilei Lu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China
| | - Danyu Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China
| | - Fan Ding
- Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China
| | - Jialu Ma
- Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China
| | - Yang K Xiang
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California at Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Meimi Zhao
- Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Chandler KB, Pavan CH, Cotto Aparicio HG, Sackstein R. Enrichment and nLC-MS/MS Analysis of Head and Neck Cancer Mucinome Glycoproteins. J Proteome Res 2023; 22:1231-1244. [PMID: 36971183 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.2c00746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
Abstract
Mucin-domain glycoproteins expressed on cancer cell surfaces play central roles in cell adhesion, cancer progression, stem cell renewal, and immune evasion. Despite abundant evidence that mucin-domain glycoproteins are critical to the pathobiology of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), our knowledge of the composition of that mucinome is grossly incomplete. Here, we utilized a catalytically inactive point mutant of the enzyme StcE (StcEE447D) to capture mucin-domain glycoproteins in head and neck cancer cell line lysates followed by their characterization using sodium dodecyl-sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE), in-gel digestion, nano-liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (nLC-MS/MS), and enrichment analyses. We demonstrate the feasibility of this workflow for the study of mucin-domain glycoproteins in HNSCC, identify a set of mucin-domain glycoproteins common to multiple HNSCC cell lines, and report a subset of mucin-domain glycoproteins that are uniquely expressed in HSC-3 cells, a cell line derived from a highly aggressive metastatic tongue squamous cell carcinoma. This effort represents the first attempt to identify mucin-domain glycoproteins in HNSCC in an untargeted, unbiased analysis, paving the way for a more comprehensive characterization of the mucinome components that mediate aggressive tumor cell phenotypes. Data associated with this study have been deposited to the ProteomeXchange Consortium via the PRIDE partner repository with the data set identifier PXD029420.
Collapse
|
4
|
Jin Y, Qiu L, Bao W, Lu M, Cao F, Ni H, Zhao B. High expression of IGHG1 promotes breast cancer malignant development by activating the AKT pathway. Cell Cycle 2023; 22:718-731. [PMID: 36404682 PMCID: PMC9980652 DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2022.2147141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Revised: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
This study researched the exact function of IgG1 heavy chain (IGHG1) on breast cancer (BC) progression. IGHG1 level within BC and paired normal tissues was acquired in Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis dataset. Meanwhile, this work harvested tumor and paired healthy tissues in 42 BC cases. siRNA targeting IGHG1 was transfected into BC cells. SC79 was used to treat the transfected BC cells. CCK-8 assay, clone formation experiment, BrdU assay, Transwell experiment and flow cytometry were carried out to measure the viability, colony formation, proliferation, invasion, and apoptosis of BC cells. Paclitaxel and cisplatin sensitivity of BC cells was evaluated by MTT assay. Real-time quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and Western-blot were performed for measuring mRNA and protein expression. The overexpressed IGHG1 indicated dismal BC survival. IGHG1 silencing attenuated the viability, invasion, proliferation, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, but enhanced the apoptosis of BC cells. IGHG1 silencing enhanced the paclitaxel and cisplatin sensitivity of BC cells. IGHG1 silencing suppressed the activity of the MEK, AKT, and ERK pathways. AKT agonist partially reversed the inhibition of IGHG1 silencing on BC cell malignant phenotype and resistance to paclitaxel and cisplatin. IGHG1 promotes the malignant development of BC by activating the AKT pathway. It may be an effective target for BC treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yongmei Jin
- Department of Nursing, The Seventh People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Lin Qiu
- Department of General Surgery, The Seventh People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenqing Bao
- School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Minhao Lu
- Department of General Surgery, The Seventh People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Feng Cao
- Department of General Surgery, The Seventh People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hanchen Ni
- Department of Nursing, The Seventh People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Bin Zhao
- Department of General Surgery, The Seventh People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Chan AML, Cheah JM, Lokanathan Y, Ng MH, Law JX. Natural Killer Cell-Derived Extracellular Vesicles as a Promising Immunotherapeutic Strategy for Cancer: A Systematic Review. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24044026. [PMID: 36835438 PMCID: PMC9964266 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24044026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2022] [Revised: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 02/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer is the second leading contributor to global deaths caused by non-communicable diseases. The cancer cells are known to interact with the surrounding non-cancerous cells, including the immune cells and stromal cells, within the tumor microenvironment (TME) to modulate the tumor progression, metastasis and resistance. Currently, chemotherapy and radiotherapy are the standard treatments for cancers. However, these treatments cause a significant number of side effects, as they damage both the cancer cells and the actively dividing normal cells indiscriminately. Hence, a new generation of immunotherapy using natural killer (NK) cells, cytotoxic CD8+ T-lymphocytes or macrophages was developed to achieve tumor-specific targeting and circumvent the adverse effects. However, the progression of cell-based immunotherapy is hindered by the combined action of TME and TD-EVs, which render the cancer cells less immunogenic. Recently, there has been an increase in interest in using immune cell derivatives to treat cancers. One of the highly potential immune cell derivatives is the NK cell-derived EVs (NK-EVs). As an acellular product, NK-EVs are resistant to the influence of TME and TD-EVs, and can be designed for "off-the-shelf" use. In this systematic review, we examine the safety and efficacy of NK-EVs to treat various cancers in vitro and in vivo.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alvin Man Lung Chan
- Centre for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia
- Ming Medical Sdn Bhd, D3-3 (2nd Floor), Block D3 Dana 1 Commercial Centre, Jalan PJU 1a/22, Petaling Jaya 47101, Malaysia
| | - Jin Min Cheah
- Ming Medical Sdn Bhd, D3-3 (2nd Floor), Block D3 Dana 1 Commercial Centre, Jalan PJU 1a/22, Petaling Jaya 47101, Malaysia
| | - Yogeswaran Lokanathan
- Centre for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia
| | - Min Hwei Ng
- Centre for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia
| | - Jia Xian Law
- Centre for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +60-391-457677
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Huang J, Huang J, Zhang G. Insights into the Role of Sialylation in Cancer Metastasis, Immunity, and Therapeutic Opportunity. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14235840. [PMID: 36497322 PMCID: PMC9737300 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14235840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Revised: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Sialylation is an enzymatic process that covalently attaches sialic acids to glycoproteins and glycolipids and terminates them by creating sialic acid-containing glycans (sialoglycans). Sialoglycans, usually located in the outmost layers of cells, play crucial biological roles, notably in tumor transformation, growth, metastasis, and immune evasion. Thus, a deeper comprehension of sialylation in cancer will help to facilitate the development of innovative cancer therapies. Cancer sialylation-related articles have consistently increased over the last four years. The primary subjects of these studies are sialylation, cancer, immunotherapy, and metastasis. Tumor cells activate endothelial cells and metastasize to distant organs in part by the interactions of abnormally sialylated integrins with selectins. Furthermore, cancer sialylation masks tumor antigenic epitopes and induces an immunosuppressive environment, allowing cancer cells to escape immune monitoring. Cytotoxic T lymphocytes develop different recognition epitopes for glycosylated and nonglycosylated peptides. Therefore, targeting tumor-derived sialoglycans is a promising approach to cancer treatments for limiting the dissemination of tumor cells, revealing immunogenic tumor antigens, and boosting anti-cancer immunity. Exploring the exact tumor sialoglycans may facilitate the identification of new glycan targets, paving the way for the development of customized cancer treatments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jianmei Huang
- School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, China
| | - Jianming Huang
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Sichuan Cancer Institute, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Guonan Zhang
- School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, China
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Sichuan Cancer Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610041, China
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Fan T, Liao Q, Zhao Y, Dai H, Song S, He T, Wang Z, Huang J, Zeng Z, Guo H, Zhang H, Qiu X. Sialylated IgG in epithelial cancers inhibits antitumor function of T cells via Siglec-7. Cancer Sci 2022; 114:370-383. [PMID: 36310398 PMCID: PMC9899632 DOI: 10.1111/cas.15631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Revised: 09/18/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Although effective, immune checkpoint blockade induces response in only a subset of cancer patients. There is an urgent need to discover new immune checkpoint targets. Recently, it was found that a class of sialic acid-binding immunoglobulin-like lectins (Siglecs) expressed on the surface of T cells in cancer patients inhibit T cell activation through their intracellular immunosuppressive motifs by recognizing sialic acid-carrying glycans, sialoglycans. However, ligands of Siglecs remain elusive. Here, we report sialylated IgG (SIA-IgG), a ligand to Siglec-7, that is highly expressed in epithelial cancer cells. SIA-IgG binds Siglec-7 directly and inhibits TCR signals. Blocking of either SIA-IgG or Siglec-7 elicited potent antitumor immunity in T cells. Our study suggests that blocking of Siglec-7/SIA-IgG offers an opportunity to enhance immune function while simultaneously sensitizing cancer cells to immune attack.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tianrui Fan
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical SciencesPeking UniversityBeijingChina,NHC Key Laboratory of Medical ImmunologyPeking UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Qinyuan Liao
- Department of ImmunologyGuilin Medical UniversityGuilinChina
| | - Yang Zhao
- Department of Laboratory MedicinePeking University Third HospitalBeijingChina
| | - Hui Dai
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical SciencesPeking UniversityBeijingChina,NHC Key Laboratory of Medical ImmunologyPeking UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Shiyu Song
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina
| | - Tianhui He
- Department of Gynecology and ObstetricsThe Third Hospital of Peking UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Zihan Wang
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical SciencesPeking UniversityBeijingChina,NHC Key Laboratory of Medical ImmunologyPeking UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Jing Huang
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical SciencesPeking UniversityBeijingChina,NHC Key Laboratory of Medical ImmunologyPeking UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Zexian Zeng
- Center for Quantitative Biology, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary StudiesPeking UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Hongyan Guo
- Department of Gynecology and ObstetricsThe Third Hospital of Peking UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Haizeng Zhang
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina
| | - Xiaoyan Qiu
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical SciencesPeking UniversityBeijingChina,NHC Key Laboratory of Medical ImmunologyPeking UniversityBeijingChina
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Effect of glioma-derived immunoglobulin on biological function of glioma cells. Eur J Cancer 2022; 175:86-98. [PMID: 36096041 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejca.2022.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Revised: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Glioma is the most common and most invasive primary central nervous system tumour, and it is urgent to develop new specific therapeutic targets. Studies have confirmed that epithelial-derived tumour cells promote tumour cell proliferation and metastasis by secreting a large number of immunoglobulins (Igs), but the role of tumour-derived Igs in glioma has never been reported. METHODS The Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis and Chinese Glioma Genome Atlas databases were used to analyse the Ig transcription and its correlation with the prognosis of patients with glioma. Immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence were used to detect the protein expression of IgG and IgM in the glioma tissues of patients and glioma cell lines. When IgG was knocked down by small interfering RNA or knocked out by CRISPR-Cas9, the function of proliferation and migration of glioma cells were analysed by CCK-8, clone formation, wound healing, and transwell assays. Changes in proteins and their phosphorylation in signalling pathways were detected by western blotting. The nude mouse subcutaneous tumour-bearing model was established to analyse the effect of IgG in vivo. RESULTS The transcriptional level of IgG was pretty high in glioma tissues and was positively correlated with high WHO grade, recurrence, and poor prognosis. The expression of IgG and IgM was found in tumour tissues and human glioma cell lines U87 and U251, and the main expression form was secreted. Decreased IgG inhibited the proliferation and migration of glioma cells. Knockout or knockdown of IgG downregulated the phosphorylation of the key molecules in the MAPK and PI3K/Akt pathway through the HGF/SF-Met or FAK/Src pathway. In vivo tumourigenesis mouse model confirmed that reduced IgG expression inhibited glioma growth. CONCLUSION Ig was expressed in glioma tissues and cell lines, and a high expression level predicted a poor prognosis of patients. Glioma-derived IgG promoted glioma cell proliferation and migration through the HGF/SF-Met or FAK/Src pathway.
Collapse
|
9
|
Kang D, Kim IH. Molecular Mechanisms and Potential Rationale of Immunotherapy in Peritoneal Metastasis of Advanced Gastric Cancer. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10061376. [PMID: 35740397 PMCID: PMC9220323 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10061376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2022] [Revised: 06/03/2022] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Peritoneal metastasis (PM) is one of the most frequent metastasis patterns of gastric cancer (GC), and the prognosis of patients with PM is very dismal. According to Paget’s theory, disseminated free cancer cells are seeded and survive in the abdominal cavity, adhere to the peritoneum, invade the subperitoneal tissue, and proliferate through angiogenesis. In these sequential processes, several key molecules are involved. From a therapeutic point of view, immunotherapy with chemotherapy combination has become the standard of care for advanced GC. Several clinical trials of newer immunotherapy agents are ongoing. Understanding of the molecular process of PM and the potential rationale of immunotherapy for PM treatment is necessary. Beyond understanding of the molecular aspect of PM, many studies have been conducted on the modality of treatment of PM. Notably, intraperitoneal approaches, including chemotherapy or immunotherapy, have been conducted, because systemic treatment of PM has limitations. In this study, we reviewed the molecular mechanisms and immunologic aspects of PM, and intraperitoneal approaches under investigation for treating PM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Donghoon Kang
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Korea;
| | - In-Ho Kim
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Korea
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Molecular landscape of c-Myc signaling in prostate cancer: A roadmap to clinical translation. Pathol Res Pract 2022; 233:153851. [DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2022.153851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2022] [Revised: 03/02/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
|
11
|
Kdimati S, Mullins CS, Linnebacher M. Cancer-Cell-Derived IgG and Its Potential Role in Tumor Development. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222111597. [PMID: 34769026 PMCID: PMC8583861 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222111597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Revised: 10/13/2021] [Accepted: 10/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Human immunoglobulin G (IgG) is the primary component of the human serum antibody fraction, representing about 75% of the immunoglobulins and 10-20% of the total circulating plasma proteins. Generally, IgG sequences are highly conserved, yet the four subclasses, IgG1, IgG2, IgG3, and IgG4, differ in their physiological effector functions by binding to different IgG-Fc receptors (FcγR). Thus, despite a similarity of about 90% on the amino acid level, each subclass possesses a unique manner of antigen binding and immune complex formation. Triggering FcγR-expressing cells results in a wide range of responses, including phagocytosis, antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity, and complement activation. Textbook knowledge implies that only B lymphocytes are capable of producing antibodies, which recognize specific antigenic structures derived from pathogens and infected endogenous or tumorigenic cells. Here, we review recent discoveries, including our own observations, about misplaced IgG expression in tumor cells. Various studies described the presence of IgG in tumor cells using immunohistology and established correlations between high antibody levels and promotion of cancer cell proliferation, invasion, and poor clinical prognosis for the respective tumor patients. Furthermore, blocking tumor-cell-derived IgG inhibited tumor cells. Tumor-cell-derived IgG might impede antigen-dependent cellular cytotoxicity by binding antigens while, at the same time, lacking the capacity for complement activation. These findings recommend tumor-cell-derived IgG as a potential therapeutic target. The observed uniqueness of Ig heavy chains expressed by tumor cells, using PCR with V(D)J rearrangement specific primers, suggests that this specific part of IgG may additionally play a role as a potential tumor marker and, thus, also qualify for the neoantigen category.
Collapse
|
12
|
Wang Q, Wang T, Zhang R, Yang S, McFarland KS, Chung CY, Jia H, Wang LX, Cipollo JF, Betenbaugh MJ. The interplay of protein engineering and glycoengineering to fine-tune antibody glycosylation and its impact on effector functions. Biotechnol Bioeng 2021; 119:102-117. [PMID: 34647616 DOI: 10.1002/bit.27953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2021] [Revised: 09/20/2021] [Accepted: 09/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The N-glycan pattern of an IgG antibody, attached at a conserved site within the fragment crystallizable (Fc) region, is a critical antibody quality attribute whose structural variability can also impact antibody function. For tailoring the Fc glycoprofile, glycoengineering in cell lines as well as Fc amino acid mutations have been applied. Multiple glycoengineered Chinese hamster ovary cell lines were generated, including defucosylated (FUT8KO), α-2,6-sialylated (ST6KI), and defucosylated α-2,6-sialylated (FUT8KOST6KI), expressing either a wild-type anti-CD20 IgG (WT) or phenylalanine to alanine (F241A) mutant. Matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry characterization of antibody N-glycans revealed that the F241A mutation significantly increased galactosylation and sialylation content and glycan branching. Furthermore, overexpression of recombinant human α-2,6-sialyltransferase resulted in a predominance of α-2,6-sialylation rather than α-2,3-sialylation for both WT and heavily sialylated F241A antibody N-glycans. Interestingly, knocking out α-1,6-fucosyltransferase (FUT8KO), which removed core fucose, lowered the content of N-glycans with terminal Gal and increased levels of terminal GlcNAc and Man5 groups on WT antibody. Further complement-dependent cytotoxicity (CDC) analysis revealed that, regardless of the production cells, WT antibody samples have higher cytotoxic CDC activity with more exposed Gal residues compared to their individual F241A mutants. However, the FUT8KO WT antibody, with a large fraction of bi-GlcNAc structures (G0), displayed the lowest CDC activity of all WT antibody samples. Furthermore, for the F241A mutants, a higher CDC activity was observed for α-2,6- compared to α-2,3-sialylation. Antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) analysis revealed that the defucosylated WT and F241A mutants showed enhanced in vitro ADCC performance compared to their fucosylated counterparts, with the defucosylated WT antibodies displaying the highest overall ADCC activity, regardless of sialic acid substitution. Moreover, the FcγRIIIA receptor binding by antibodies did not always correspond directly with ADCC result. This study demonstrates that glycoengineering and protein engineering can both promote and inhibit antibody effector functions and represent practical approaches for varying glycan composition and functionalities during antibody development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qiong Wang
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Tiexin Wang
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Roushu Zhang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, USA
| | - Shuang Yang
- Division of Bacterial, Parasitic and Allergenic Products (DBPAP), Laboratory for Bacterial Polysaccharides, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, US Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA
| | - Kevin S McFarland
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Cheng-Yu Chung
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Hongpeng Jia
- Division of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Lai-Xi Wang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, USA
| | - John F Cipollo
- Division of Bacterial, Parasitic and Allergenic Products (DBPAP), Laboratory for Bacterial Polysaccharides, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, US Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA
| | - Michael J Betenbaugh
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Wang S, Pang L, Liu Z, Meng X. SERPINE1 associated with remodeling of the tumor microenvironment in colon cancer progression: a novel therapeutic target. BMC Cancer 2021; 21:767. [PMID: 34215248 PMCID: PMC8254339 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-021-08536-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Accepted: 06/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The change of immune cell infiltration essentially influences the process of colorectal cancer development. The infiltration of immune cells can be regulated by a variety of genes. Thus, modeling the immune microenvironment of colorectal cancer by analyzing the genes involved can be more conducive to the in-depth understanding of carcinogenesis and the progression thereof. Methods In this study, the number of stromal and immune cells in malignant tumor tissues were first estimated by using expression data (ESTIMATE) and cell-type identification with relative subsets of known RNA transcripts (CIBERSORT) to calculate the proportion of infiltrating immune cell and stromal components of colon cancer samples from the Cancer Genome Atlas database. Then the relationship between the TMN Classification and prognosis of malignant tumors was evaluated. Results By investigating differentially expressed genes using COX regression and protein-protein interaction network (PPI), the candidate hub gene serine protease inhibitor family E member 1 (SERPINE1) was found to be associated with immune cell infiltration. Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) further projected the potential pathways with elevated SERPINE1 expression to carcinogenesis and immunity. CIBERSORT was subsequently utilized to investigate the relationship between the expression differences of SERPINE1 and immune cell infiltration and to identify eight immune cells associated with SERPINE1 expression. Conclusion We found that SERPINE1 plays a role in the remodeling of the colon cancer microenvironment and the infiltration of immune cells. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12885-021-08536-7.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shaokun Wang
- Department of Emergency, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Li Pang
- Department of Emergency, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Zuolong Liu
- Department of Emergency, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xiangwei Meng
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medicine, The First Hospital of Jilin University, No. 71 Xinmin Road, Changchun, China.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Zhao J, Peng H, Gao J, Nong A, Hua H, Yang S, Chen L, Wu X, Zhang H, Wang J. Current insights into the expression and functions of tumor-derived immunoglobulins. Cell Death Discov 2021; 7:148. [PMID: 34226529 PMCID: PMC8257790 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-021-00550-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2021] [Revised: 04/06/2021] [Accepted: 06/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Numerous studies have reported expressions of immunoglobulins (Igs) in many human tumor tissues and cells. Tumor-derived Igs have displayed multiple significant functions which are different from classical Igs produced by B lymphocytes and plasma cells. This review will concentrate on major progress in expressions, functions, and mechanisms of tumor-derived Igs, similarities and differences between tumor-derived Igs and B-cell-derived Igs. We also discuss the future research directions of tumor-derived Igs, including their structural characteristics, physicochemical properties, mechanisms for rearrangement and expression regulation, signaling pathways involved, and clinical applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhao
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, 533000, Baise, China
| | - Hui Peng
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, 533000, Baise, China
| | - Jie Gao
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, 533000, Baise, China
| | - Anna Nong
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, 533000, Baise, China
| | - Haoming Hua
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, 533000, Baise, China
| | - Shulin Yang
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, 533000, Baise, China
| | - Liying Chen
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, 533000, Baise, China
| | - Xiangsheng Wu
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, 533000, Baise, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, 533000, Baise, China
| | - Juping Wang
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, 533000, Baise, China.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Cui M, Huang J, Zhang S, Liu Q, Liao Q, Qiu X. Immunoglobulin Expression in Cancer Cells and Its Critical Roles in Tumorigenesis. Front Immunol 2021; 12:613530. [PMID: 33841396 PMCID: PMC8024581 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.613530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2020] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Traditionally, immunoglobulin (Ig) was believed to be produced by only B-lineage cells. However, increasing evidence has revealed a high level of Ig expression in cancer cells, and this Ig is named cancer-derived Ig. Further studies have shown that cancer-derived Ig shares identical basic structures with B cell-derived Ig but exhibits several distinct characteristics, including restricted variable region sequences and aberrant glycosylation. In contrast to B cell-derived Ig, which functions as an antibody in the humoral immune response, cancer-derived Ig exerts profound protumorigenic effects via multiple mechanisms, including promoting the malignant behaviors of cancer cells, mediating tumor immune escape, inducing inflammation, and activating the aggregation of platelets. Importantly, cancer-derived Ig shows promising potential for application as a diagnostic and therapeutic target in cancer patients. In this review, we summarize progress in the research area of cancer-derived Ig and discuss the perspectives of applying this novel target for the management of cancer patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ming Cui
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Huang
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Shenghua Zhang
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Qiaofei Liu
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Quan Liao
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoyan Qiu
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Yao X, Ajani JA, Song S. Molecular biology and immunology of gastric cancer peritoneal metastasis. Transl Gastroenterol Hepatol 2020; 5:57. [PMID: 33073052 DOI: 10.21037/tgh.2020.02.08] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2019] [Accepted: 02/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Peritoneal metastases occur in 55-60% of patients with gastric cancer (GC) and are associated with a 2% 5-year overall survival rate. There are limited treatment options for these patients, and no targeted therapy or immunotherapy is available. Rational therapeutic targets remain to be found. In this review, we present the published literature and our own recent experience in molecular biology to identify important molecules and signaling pathways as well as cellular immunity involved in the peritoneal metastasis of GC. We also suggest potential novel strategies for improving the outcomes of GC patients with peritoneal metastasis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaodan Yao
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Jaffer A Ajani
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Shumei Song
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
The impaired anti-tumoral effect of immune surveillance cells in the immune microenvironment of gastric cancer. Clin Immunol 2020; 219:108551. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clim.2020.108551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2020] [Revised: 07/07/2020] [Accepted: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
|
18
|
A System Biology-Based Approach for Designing Combination Therapy in Cancer Precision Medicine. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 2020:5072697. [PMID: 32908895 PMCID: PMC7471815 DOI: 10.1155/2020/5072697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2020] [Revised: 07/07/2020] [Accepted: 07/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
In this paper, we have used an agent-based stochastic tumor growth model and presented a mathematical and theoretical perspective to cancer therapy. This perspective can be used to theoretical study of precision medicine and combination therapy in individuals. We have conducted a series of in silico combination therapy experiments. Based on cancer drugs and new findings of cancer biology, we hypothesize relationships between model parameters which in some cases represent individual genome characteristics and cancer drugs, i.e., in our approach, therapy players are delegated by biologically reasonable parameters. In silico experiments showed that combined therapies are more effective when players affect tumor via different mechanisms and have different physical dimensions. This research presents for the first time an algorithm as a theoretical viewpoint for the prediction of effectiveness and classification of therapy sets.
Collapse
|
19
|
Qin C, Sheng Z, Huang X, Tang J, Liu Y, Xu T, Qiu X. Cancer-driven IgG promotes the development of prostate cancer though the SOX2-CIgG pathway. Prostate 2020; 80:1134-1144. [PMID: 32628304 DOI: 10.1002/pros.24042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2020] [Revised: 06/08/2020] [Accepted: 06/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) is the initial treatment strategy for prostate cancer (PCa), recurrent castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) eventually ensues. In this study, cancer-derived immunoglobulin G (CIgG) is found to be induced after ADT, identifying CIgG as a potential CRPC driver gene. METHODS The expression of CIgG and its clinical significance in PCa tissue was analyzed by The Cancer Genome Atlas database and immunohistochemistry. Subsequently, the sequence features of prostate cell line VHDJH rearrangements were analyzed. We also assessed the effect of CIgG on the migratory, invasive and proliferative abilities of PCa cells in vitro and vivo. Suspended microsphere, colony formation and drug-resistant assays were performed using PC3 cells with high CIgG expression (CIgGhigh ) and low CIgG expression (CIgG-/low ), and A nonobese diabetic/severe combined immunodeficiency mouse tumor xenograft model was developed for the study of the tumorigenic effects of the different cell populations. The SOX2-CIgG signaling pathway was validated by immunohistochemistry, immunofluorescence, quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction, Western blot, luciferase, and chromatin immunoprecipitation assays and bioinformatics analyses. Finally, we investigated the effect of RP215 inhibition on the progression of PCa in vivo using a Babl/c nude mouse xenograft model. RESULTS CIgG is frequently expressed in PCa and associated with clinicopathological characteristics, moreover, CIgG transcripts with unique patterns of VHDJH rearrangements are found in PCa cells. Functional analyses identified that CIgG was induced by ADT and upregulated by SOX2 (SRY (sex determining region Y)-box 2) in PCa, promoting the development of PCa. In addition, our findings underscore a novel role of CIgG signaling in the maintenance of stemness and the progression of cancer through mitogen activated protein kinase/extracellular-signal-regulated kinase and AKT in PCa. In vivo experiments further demonstrated that depleting CIgG significantly suppressed the growth of PCa cell xenografts. Furthermore, a CIgG monoclonal antibody named RP215 exhibits tumor inhibitory effect as well. CONCLUSION Our data suggests that CIgG could be a driver of PCa development, and that targeting the SOX2-CIgG axis may therefore inhibit PCa development after ADT.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Caipeng Qin
- Department of Urology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Zhengzuo Sheng
- Department of Urology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xinmei Huang
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Jingshu Tang
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Tao Xu
- Department of Urology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoyan Qiu
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Cui M, Hu Y, Zheng B, Zhang S, Zhang X, Wang M, Qiu XY, Liao Q, Zhao YP. Cancer-derived immunoglobulin G: A novel marker for differential diagnosis and relapse prediction in parathyroid carcinoma. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 2020; 92:461-467. [PMID: 31943291 DOI: 10.1111/cen.14158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2019] [Revised: 01/07/2020] [Accepted: 01/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE A differential diagnosis between malignant and benign parathyroid lesions is difficult due to their overlapping clinicopathological characteristics. As such, molecular markers are urgently needed. Cancer-derived immunoglobulin G (CIgG) is a novel molecule playing important roles in carcinogenesis. The present study aimed to investigate the clinical significance of CIgG in parathyroid neoplasms. PATIENTS Fifty patients with parathyroid carcinoma (PC), 50 patients with parathyroid adenoma (PA) and 9 patients with parathyroid hyperplasia (PH) were retrospectively enrolled in the current study. MEASUREMENTS Immunohistochemistry was used to assess CIgG expression in these patients. The performance of CIgG expression in the differential diagnosis between parathyroid lesions was assessed by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves. The associations between CIgG expression and clinical outcomes were also analysed by Kaplan-Meier survival curves and Cox proportional hazards models. RESULTS The expression level of CIgG was significantly higher in PC patients than in PA or PH patients (P < .001). CIgG expression discriminated PC from PA or PH, with an area under the ROC curve of 0.84 (76% sensitivity and 88% specificity). High CIgG expression was significantly associated with worse disease-free survival (DFS) in PC patients (P = .018) and was validated as an independent risk factor for DFS in the multivariable Cox regression analysis (P = .002). CONCLUSIONS The ability of CIgG expression both in the differential diagnosis between malignant and benign parathyroid lesions and in the prognosis prediction for PC was shown in the present study. CIgG might be used as a novel biomarker of parathyroid lesions in future clinical practice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ming Cui
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Ya Hu
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Bang Zheng
- School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Shenghua Zhang
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Peking University Center for Human Disease Genomics, Beijing, China
| | - Xiang Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Mengyi Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Xiao-Yan Qiu
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Peking University Center for Human Disease Genomics, Beijing, China
| | - Quan Liao
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yu-Pei Zhao
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Cui M, You L, Zheng B, Huang X, Liu Q, Huang J, Pan B, Qiu X, Liao Q, Zhao Y. High Expression of Cancer-Derived Glycosylated Immunoglobulin G Predicts Poor Prognosis in Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma. J Cancer 2020; 11:2213-2221. [PMID: 32127948 PMCID: PMC7052941 DOI: 10.7150/jca.39800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2019] [Accepted: 01/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Cancer-derived immunoglobulin G (CIgG) has been detected in various cancers and plays important roles in carcinogenesis. The present study aimed to investigate its clinical significance in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). Methods: Using tissue microarrays (TMAs) and immunohistochemistry, we assessed CIgG expression in 326 patients who underwent surgical resection for PDAC. The associations between CIgG expression and clinicopathological features and clinical outcomes were analyzed. Functional experiments were also performed to investigate the effect of CIgG on PDAC cells. Results: High CIgG expression was related to poor tumor differentiation and metastasis during follow-up and was associated with poor disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS). A multivariate Cox regression analysis identified high CIgG expression as an independent prognostic factor for DFS and OS. The incorporation of CIgG expression improved the accuracy of an established prognosis prediction model for 1-year OS and 2-year OS. In vitro studies showed that knocking down CIgG profoundly suppressed the proliferation, migration, and invasion capacity of PDAC cells. Conclusions: CIgG contributes to the malignant behaviors of PDAC and offers a powerful prognostic predictor for these patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ming Cui
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Lei You
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Bang Zheng
- School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London W6 8RP, UK
| | - Xinmei Huang
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China.,Peking University Center for Human Disease Genomics, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Qiaofei Liu
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Jing Huang
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China.,Peking University Center for Human Disease Genomics, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Boju Pan
- Department of Pathology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Xiaoyan Qiu
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China.,Peking University Center for Human Disease Genomics, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Quan Liao
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Yupei Zhao
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Liu N, Guo XH, Liu JP, Cong YS. Role of telomerase in the tumour microenvironment. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol 2019; 47:357-364. [PMID: 31799699 DOI: 10.1111/1440-1681.13223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2019] [Revised: 11/28/2019] [Accepted: 12/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Telomeres are specialized genomic structures that protect chromosomal ends to maintain genomic stability. Telomeric length is primarily regulated by the telomerase complex, essentially consisting of an RNA template (TERC), an enzymatic subunit (telomerase reverse transcriptase, TERT). In humans, telomerase activity is repressed during embryonic differentiation and is absent in most somatic cells. However, it is upregulated or reactivated in 80%-90% of the primary tumours in humans. The human TERT (hTERT) plays a pivotal role in cellular immortality and tumourigenesis. However, the molecular mechanisms of telomerase functioning in cancer have not been fully understood beyond the telomere maintenance. Several research groups, including ours, have demonstrated that hTERT possesses vital functions independent of its telomere maintenance, including angiogenesis, inflammation, cancer cell stemness, and epithelial-mesenchymal transformation (EMT). All these telomere-independent activities of hTERT may contribute to the regulation of the dynamics and homeostasis of the tumour microenvironment (TME), thereby promoting tumour growth and development. Cancer progression and metastasis largely depend upon the interactions between cancer cells and their microenvironment. In this review, the involvement of TERT in the tumour microenvironment and the underlying implications in cancer therapeutics have been summarized.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ning Liu
- College of Food Sciences and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xue-Hua Guo
- College of Food Sciences and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jun-Ping Liu
- Institute of Aging Research, Hangzhou Normal University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yu-Sheng Cong
- Institute of Aging Research, Hangzhou Normal University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Aging and Cancer Biology of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Cancer-derived sialylated IgG promotes tumor immune escape by binding to Siglecs on effector T cells. Cell Mol Immunol 2019; 17:1148-1162. [PMID: 31754235 DOI: 10.1038/s41423-019-0327-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2019] [Accepted: 10/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
To date, IgG in the tumor microenvironment (TME) has been considered a product of B cells and serves as an antitumor antibody. However, in this study, using a monoclonal antibody against cancer-derived IgG (Cancer-IgG), we found that cancer cells could secrete IgG into the TME. Furthermore, Cancer-IgG, which carries an abnormal sialic acid modification in the CH1 domain, directly inhibited effector T-cell proliferation and significantly promoted tumor growth by reducing CD4+ and CD8+ T-cell infiltration into tumor tissues. Mechanistic studies showed that the immunosuppressive effect of sialylated Cancer-IgG is dependent on its sialylation and binding to sialic acid-binding immunoglobulin-type lectins (Siglecs) on effector CD4+ and CD8+ T cells. Importantly, we show that several Siglecs are overexpressed on effector T cells from cancer patients, but not those from healthy donors. These findings suggest that sialylated Cancer-IgG may be a ligand for Siglecs, which may serve as potential checkpoint proteins and mediate tumor immune evasion.
Collapse
|
24
|
IGHG1 Regulates Prostate Cancer Growth via the MEK/ERK/c-Myc Pathway. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 2019:7201562. [PMID: 31355278 PMCID: PMC6637713 DOI: 10.1155/2019/7201562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2019] [Revised: 06/19/2019] [Accepted: 06/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Increasing evidence indicates that immunoglobulins are important for the regulation of various cancers including prostate cancer (PCa). However, the underlying mechanisms of IgG regulated PCa development remain to be further explored. Here, we demonstrated that IgG1 heavy chain (IGHG1) was increased in tissues from PCa patients. Inhibition of IGHG1 by antibody blocking or genetic knockdown suppressed cell growth and induced cell cycle arrest and ultimate apoptosis. Expression levels of c-Myc were positively correlated with the levels of IGHG1. Furthermore, MEK/ERK/c-Myc pathway lied downstream of IGHG1 in cultured prostate cancer cells. Inhibition of IGHG1 restrained the tumor growth in nude mice and inactivated MEK/ERK/c-Myc pathway both in vitro and in vivo. These findings suggest that IGHG1 play a crucial role during the development of prostate cancer and inhibition of IGHG1 may be a potential therapy in the treatment of PCa.
Collapse
|
25
|
Geng ZH, Ye CX, Huang Y, Jiang HP, Ye YJ, Wang S, Zhou Y, Shen ZL, Qiu XY. Human colorectal cancer cells frequently express IgG and display unique Ig repertoire. World J Gastrointest Oncol 2019; 11:195-207. [PMID: 30918593 PMCID: PMC6425329 DOI: 10.4251/wjgo.v11.i3.195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2018] [Revised: 01/03/2019] [Accepted: 01/09/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is growing evidence proving that many human carcinomas, including colon cancer, can overexpress immunoglobulin (Ig); the non B cancer cell-derived Ig usually displayed unique V(D)J rearrangement pattern that are distinct from B cell-derived Ig. Especially, the cancer-derived Ig plays important roles in cancer initiation, progression, and metastasis. However, it still remains unclear if the colon cancer-derived Ig can display unique V(D)J pattern and sequencing, which can be used as novel target for colon cancer therapy.
AIM To investigate the Ig repertoire features expressed in human colon cancer cells.
METHODS Seven cancerous tissue samples of colon adenocarcinoma and corresponding noncancerous tissue samples were sorted by fluorescence-activated cell sorting using epithelial cell adhesion molecule as a marker for epithelial cells. Ig repertoire sequencing was used to analyze the expression profiles of all 5 classes of Ig heavy chains (IgH) and the Ig repertoire in colon cancer cells and corresponding normal epithelial cells.
RESULTS We found that all 5 IgH classes can be expressed in both colon cancer cells and normal epithelial cells. Surprisingly, unlike the normal colonic epithelial cells that expressed 5 Ig classes, our results suggested that cancer cells most prominently express IgG. Next, we found that the usage of Ig in cancer cells caused the expression of some unique Ig repertoires compared to normal cells. Some VH segments, such as VH3-7, have been used in cancer cells, and VH3-74 was frequently present in normal epithelial cells. Moreover, compared to the normal cell-derived Ig, most cancer cell-derived Ig showed unique VHDJH patterns. Importantly, even if the same VHDJH pattern was seen in cancer cells and normal cells, cancer cell-derived IgH always displayed distinct hypermutation hot points.
CONCLUSION We found that colon cancer cells could frequently express IgG and unique IgH repertoires, which may be involved in carcinogenesis of colon cancer. The unique IgH repertoire has the potential to be used as a novel target in immune therapy for colon cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zi-Han Geng
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology (Peking University), Beijing 100191, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Chun-Xiang Ye
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, China
- Key Laboratory of Colorectal Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment Research, Beijing 100044, China
| | - Yan Huang
- Institute of Computational Medicine, School of Artificial Intelligence, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300401, China
| | - Hong-Peng Jiang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, China
- Key Laboratory of Colorectal Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment Research, Beijing 100044, China
| | - Ying-Jiang Ye
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, China
- Key Laboratory of Colorectal Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment Research, Beijing 100044, China
| | - Shan Wang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, China
- Key Laboratory of Colorectal Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment Research, Beijing 100044, China
| | - Yuan Zhou
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Center for Noncoding RNA Medicine, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Zhan-Long Shen
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, China
- Key Laboratory of Colorectal Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment Research, Beijing 100044, China
| | - Xiao-Yan Qiu
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology (Peking University), Beijing 100191, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100191, China
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Du Y, Wei Y. Therapeutic Potential of Natural Killer Cells in Gastric Cancer. Front Immunol 2019; 9:3095. [PMID: 30719024 PMCID: PMC6348255 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.03095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2018] [Accepted: 12/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the most common cancers, with a high incidence of cancer death. Despite various therapeutic approaches, the cures and prognosis of advanced GC remain poor. Natural killer (NK) cells, which are known as important lymphocytes in innate immunity, play vital roles in suppressing GC initiation, progression, and metastases. A wide range of clinical settings shows that increasing the number of NK cells or improving NK cell antitumor activity is promising in GC patients. NK cell adoptive therapy (especially expanded NK cells) is a safe and well-tolerated method, which can enhance NK cell cytotoxicity against GC. Meanwhile, cytokines, immunomodulatory drugs, immune checkpoint blockades, antibodies, vaccines, and gene therapy have been found to directly or indirectly activate NK cells to improve their killing activity toward GC. In this review, we summarize recent advancements in the relationship between NK cells and GC and point out all the innovative strategies that can enhance NK cells' function to inhibit the growth of GC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu Du
- Department of Radiation and Medical Oncology, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yongchang Wei
- Department of Radiation and Medical Oncology, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Tang Y, He Y, Shi L, Yang L, Wang J, Lian Y, Fan C, Zhang P, Guo C, Zhang S, Gong Z, Li X, Xiong F, Li X, Li Y, Li G, Xiong W, Zeng Z. Co-expression of AFAP1-AS1 and PD-1 predicts poor prognosis in nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Oncotarget 2018; 8:39001-39011. [PMID: 28380458 PMCID: PMC5503590 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.16545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2017] [Accepted: 02/15/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) carries a high potential for metastasis and immune escape, with a great risk of relapse after primary treatment. Through analysis of whole genome expression profiling data in NPC samples, we found that the expression of a long non-coding RNA (lncRNA), actin filament-associated protein 1 antisense RNA 1 (AFAP1-AS1), is significantly correlated with the immune escape marker programmed death 1 (PD-1). We therefore assessed the expression of AFAP1-AS1 and PD-1 in a cohort of 96 paraffin-embedded NPC samples and confirmed that AFAP1-AS1 and PD-1 are co-expressed in infiltrating lymphocytes in NPC tissue. Moreover, patients with high expression of AFAP1-AS1 or PD-1 in infiltrating lymphocytes were more prone to distant metastasis, and NPC patients with positive expression of both AFAP1-AS1 and PD-1 had the poorest prognosis. This study suggests that AFAP1-AS1 and PD-1 may be potential therapeutic targets in NPC and that patients with co-expression of AFAP1-AS1 and PD-1 may be ideal candidates for future clinical trials of anti-PD-1 immune therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yanyan Tang
- The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of the Chinese Ministry of Health, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Nonresolving Inflammation and Cancer, Disease Genome Research Center, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yi He
- The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Translational Radiation Oncology, Hunan Cancer Hospital and The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Lei Shi
- Department of pathology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Liting Yang
- The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jinpeng Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yu Lian
- The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Chunmei Fan
- The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Ping Zhang
- School of Information Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Can Guo
- The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Shanshan Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of the Chinese Ministry of Health, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Zhaojian Gong
- The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Department of pathology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xiayu Li
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Nonresolving Inflammation and Cancer, Disease Genome Research Center, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Fang Xiong
- The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of the Chinese Ministry of Health, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xiaoling Li
- The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of the Chinese Ministry of Health, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Nonresolving Inflammation and Cancer, Disease Genome Research Center, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yong Li
- The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Department of Cancer Biology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Guiyuan Li
- The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of the Chinese Ministry of Health, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Nonresolving Inflammation and Cancer, Disease Genome Research Center, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Wei Xiong
- The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of the Chinese Ministry of Health, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Nonresolving Inflammation and Cancer, Disease Genome Research Center, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Zhaoyang Zeng
- The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of the Chinese Ministry of Health, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Nonresolving Inflammation and Cancer, Disease Genome Research Center, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Jing Z, Deng H, Ma J, Guo Y, Liang Y, Wu R, A L, Geng Z, Qiu X, Wang Y. Expression of immunoglobulin G in human podocytes, and its role in cell viability and adhesion. Int J Mol Med 2018; 41:3296-3306. [PMID: 29512722 PMCID: PMC5881685 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2018.3525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2016] [Accepted: 01/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Podocyte injury occurs during the initiation and development of numerous forms of glomerular disease, and antibodies targeting podocytes have become a biomarker for diagnosis and monitoring treatment response. Accumulating evidence has suggested that immunoglobulin (Ig) is expressed in non‑B lineage cells, including epithelial cancer cells, myeloid cells and several types of normal cells. The main aim of the present study was to ascertain the expression of IgG in human podocytes and to determine its potential role in cellular bioactivity. The present study detected positive staining for IgG heavy chain (Igγ) and its subtype γ4, and the light chains κ and λ in the cytoplasm or on the membrane by immunofluorescence. In addition, positive bands were detected for Igγ, γ1, γ3, γ4, κ and λ in the lysates of a podocyte cell line by western blotting. Mass spectrometry confirmed IgG1 as an intact tetramer in the culture supernatant. Constant region transcripts of Igγ, γ1, γ3, γ4, κ and λ were identified by reverse transcription‑polymerase chain reaction, and DNA sequencing of these transcripts revealed 96‑99% similarity with Ig mRNAs in the National Center for Biotechnology Information database. Compared with the diverse gene rearrangements from B cell-derived Ig, podocyte‑derived Ig exhibited conservative V(D)J patterns in the variable regions of Igγ and κ chains. Furthermore, the present study investigated the mechanism underlying IgG production in these cells by examining the expression of recombination activating gene (RAG)1, RAG2 and activation‑induced cytidine deaminase. The expression levels of these proteins suggested that podocyte‑derived Ig and traditional Ig may be generated in a similar manner. Furthermore, small interfering RNA‑mediated downregulation of IgG expression reduced podocyte viability and adhesive capabilities. These findings suggested that IgG is expressed in podocytes and that this expression may be associated with podocyte function. Due to its potential biological and clinical significance, this phenomenon warrants further investigation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ziyang Jing
- Department of Nephrology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, P.R. China
| | - Hui Deng
- Department of Nephrology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, P.R. China
| | - Junfan Ma
- Department of Immunology, Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology, Ministry of Health, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, P.R. China
| | - Yanhong Guo
- Department of Nephrology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, P.R. China
| | - Yaoxian Liang
- Department of Nephrology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, P.R. China
| | - Rui Wu
- Department of Pathology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, P.R. China
| | - Lata A
- Department of Nephrology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, P.R. China
| | - Zihan Geng
- Department of Immunology, Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology, Ministry of Health, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoyan Qiu
- Department of Immunology, Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology, Ministry of Health, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, P.R. China
| | - Yue Wang
- Department of Nephrology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Yang L, Tang Y, Xiong F, He Y, Wei F, Zhang S, Guo C, Xiang B, Zhou M, Xie N, Li X, Li Y, Li G, Xiong W, Zeng Z. LncRNAs regulate cancer metastasis via binding to functional proteins. Oncotarget 2017; 9:1426-1443. [PMID: 29416704 PMCID: PMC5787449 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.22840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2017] [Accepted: 11/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer is one of the leading causes of death worldwide, and metastasis is a crucial characteristic of malignancy. Recent studies have shown that lncRNAs play an important role in regulating cancer metastasis through various molecular mechanisms. We briefly summarize four known molecular functions of lncRNAs, including their role as a signal, decoy, guide and scaffold. No matter which pattern lncRNAs follow to carry out their functions, the proteins that lncRNAs bind to are important for them to exhibit their gene-regulating properties. We further illustrate that lncRNAs regulate the localization, stabilization or modification of their binding proteins to realize the binding role of lncRNAs. In this review, we focus on the interactions between lncRNAs and their binding proteins; moreover, we focus on the mechanisms of the collaborative work of lncRNAs and their binding proteins in cancer metastasis, thus evaluating the potential of lncRNAs as prospective novel therapeutic targets in cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liting Yang
- The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of the Chinese Ministry of Health, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Nonresolving Inflammation and Cancer, Disease Genome Research Center, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yanyan Tang
- The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Fang Xiong
- The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of the Chinese Ministry of Health, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yi He
- The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Translational Radiation Oncology, Hunan Cancer Hospital and The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Fang Wei
- The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Shanshan Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of the Chinese Ministry of Health, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Can Guo
- The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Bo Xiang
- The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Ming Zhou
- The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Ni Xie
- Core Laboratory, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaoling Li
- The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yong Li
- The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Department of Cancer Biology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Guiyuan Li
- The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of the Chinese Ministry of Health, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Nonresolving Inflammation and Cancer, Disease Genome Research Center, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Wei Xiong
- The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of the Chinese Ministry of Health, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Nonresolving Inflammation and Cancer, Disease Genome Research Center, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Zhaoyang Zeng
- The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of the Chinese Ministry of Health, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Nonresolving Inflammation and Cancer, Disease Genome Research Center, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Yu J, Liu Y, Gong Z, Zhang S, Guo C, Li X, Tang Y, Yang L, He Y, Wei F, Wang Y, Liao Q, Zhang W, Li X, Li Y, Li G, Xiong W, Zeng Z. Overexpression long non-coding RNA LINC00673 is associated with poor prognosis and promotes invasion and metastasis in tongue squamous cell carcinoma. Oncotarget 2017; 8:16621-16632. [PMID: 28039470 PMCID: PMC5369989 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.14200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2016] [Accepted: 11/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) associated with the tumorigenesis of human cancers. However, the relevance of lncRNAs in tongue squamous cell carcinoma (TSCC) is still unclear. To discover novel TSCC-related lncRNAs, we analyzed the lncRNA expression patterns in two sets of TSCC gene expression profile data, and found that long intergenic non-coding RNA 673 (LINC00673) was significantly upregulated in TSCC samples. Then we examined LINC00673 expression in 202 TSCC tissue specimens, LINC00673 is highly expressed in a significant proportion of human TSCC biopsies and correlates with poor prognosis. Knockdown LINC00673 significantly inhibited the cell invasion and migration capability in TSCC cells. Our findings suggest that LINC00673 may play an essential role in TSCC progression and might serve as a potential biomarker for early detection and prognosis prediction of TSCC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jianjun Yu
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Hunan Cancer Hospital and The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yan Liu
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Hunan Cancer Hospital and The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of the Chinese Ministry of Health, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Zhaojian Gong
- The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of the Chinese Ministry of Health, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Department of Stomatolog, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Shanshan Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Can Guo
- The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of the Chinese Ministry of Health, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xiayu Li
- The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of the Chinese Ministry of Health, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Nonresolving Inflammation and Cancer, Disease Genome Research Center, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yanyan Tang
- The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of the Chinese Ministry of Health, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Liting Yang
- The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of the Chinese Ministry of Health, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yi He
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Hunan Cancer Hospital and The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of the Chinese Ministry of Health, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Fang Wei
- The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of the Chinese Ministry of Health, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yumin Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of the Chinese Ministry of Health, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Qianjin Liao
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Hunan Cancer Hospital and The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of the Chinese Ministry of Health, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Wenling Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of the Chinese Ministry of Health, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xiaoling Li
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Hunan Cancer Hospital and The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of the Chinese Ministry of Health, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yong Li
- The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of the Chinese Ministry of Health, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Department of Cancer Biology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Guiyuan Li
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Hunan Cancer Hospital and The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of the Chinese Ministry of Health, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Wei Xiong
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Hunan Cancer Hospital and The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of the Chinese Ministry of Health, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Zhaoyang Zeng
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Hunan Cancer Hospital and The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of the Chinese Ministry of Health, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Genome-Wide Analysis of 18 Epstein-Barr Viruses Isolated from Primary Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Biopsy Specimens. J Virol 2017. [PMID: 28637758 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.00301-17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is a ubiquitous gammaherpesvirus that is highly prevalent in almost all human populations and is associated with many human cancers, such as nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC), Hodgkin's disease, and gastric carcinoma. However, in these EBV-associated cancers, only NPC exhibits remarkable ethnic and geographic distribution. We hypothesized that EBV genomic variations might contribute to the pathogenesis of different human cancers in different geographic areas. In this study, we collected 18 NPC biopsy specimens from the Hunan Province in southern China and de novo assembled 18 NPC biopsy specimen-derived EBV (NPC-EBV) genomes, designated HN1 to HN18. This was achieved through target enrichment of EBV DNA by hybridization, followed by next-generation sequencing, to reveal sequence diversity. These EBV genomes harbored 20,570 variations totally, including 20,328 substitutions, 88 insertions, and 154 deletions, compared to the EBV reference genome. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that all NPC-EBV genomes were distinct from other EBV genomes. Furthermore, HN1 to HN18 had some nonsynonymous variations in EBV genes including genes encoding latent, early lytic, and tegument proteins, such as substitutions within transmembrane domains 1 and 3 of LMP1, FoP_duplication, and zf-AD domains of ENBA1, in addition to aberrations in noncoding regions, especially in BamHI A rightward transcript microRNAs. These variations might have potential biological significance. In conclusion, we reported a genome-wide view of sequence variation in EBV isolated from primary NPC biopsy specimens obtained from the Hunan Province. This might contribute to further understanding of how genomic variations contribute to carcinogenesis, which would impact the treatment of EBV-associated cancer.IMPORTANCE Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is highly associated with Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection and exhibits remarkable ethnic and geographic distribution. Hunan Province in southern China has a high incidence rate of NPCs. Here, we report 18 novel EBV genome sequences from viruses isolated from primary NPC biopsy specimens in this region, revealing whole-genome sequence diversity.
Collapse
|
32
|
邓 煜, 郭 凯, 曾 颖, 吴 凯, 唐 晨, 郑 少. [Effect of androgen receptor on IgG expression, proliferation and migration of prostate cancer cells in vitro]. NAN FANG YI KE DA XUE XUE BAO = JOURNAL OF SOUTHERN MEDICAL UNIVERSITY 2017; 37:388-392. [PMID: 28377358 PMCID: PMC6780428 DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-4254.2017.03.19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2016] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the effect of androgen receptor (AR) on IgG protein expression and the proliferation and migration of prostate cancer cells. METHODS Western blotting was used to detect the expression of AR protein and IgG in androgen-dependent prostate cancer LNCap cells and castration-resistant prostate cancer PC-3 cells. In AR-overexpressing cells (PC-3-AR cells) established by transfecting PC-3 with AR gene (pCDNA3.1) and LNCap cells with small interfering RNA-mediated AR silencing (LNCap-siAR cells) were analyzed for expressions of AR protein and IgG with Western blotting; the expression of IgG mRNA was detected by Q-PCR, and the cell proliferation and migration were assessed with MTT assay and wound healing assay, respectively. RESULTS Compared with PC-3 cells, LNCap cells expressed a higher level of AR protein and a lower level of IgG (P<0.05). PC-3-AR cells showed attenuated proliferation and migration with a lowered expression of IgG (P<0.01), while LNCap-siAR cells showed enhanced proliferation and migration with increased expression of IgG (P<0.01). CONCLUSION The expression of AR is inversely correlated with IgG and is associated with the proliferation and migration of prostate cancer cells in vitro.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- 煜麟 邓
- />南方医科大学珠江医院泌尿外科,广东 广州 510282Department of Urology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510282, China
| | - 凯 郭
- />南方医科大学珠江医院泌尿外科,广东 广州 510282Department of Urology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510282, China
| | - 颖科 曾
- />南方医科大学珠江医院泌尿外科,广东 广州 510282Department of Urology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510282, China
| | - 凯辉 吴
- />南方医科大学珠江医院泌尿外科,广东 广州 510282Department of Urology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510282, China
| | - 晨 唐
- />南方医科大学珠江医院泌尿外科,广东 广州 510282Department of Urology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510282, China
| | - 少波 郑
- />南方医科大学珠江医院泌尿外科,广东 广州 510282Department of Urology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510282, China
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Wang M, Zhao J, Zhang L, Wei F, Lian Y, Wu Y, Gong Z, Zhang S, Zhou J, Cao K, Li X, Xiong W, Li G, Zeng Z, Guo C. Role of tumor microenvironment in tumorigenesis. J Cancer 2017; 8:761-773. [PMID: 28382138 PMCID: PMC5381164 DOI: 10.7150/jca.17648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 861] [Impact Index Per Article: 123.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2016] [Accepted: 12/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumorigenesis is a complex and dynamic process, consisting of three stages: initiation, progression, and metastasis. Tumors are encircled by extracellular matrix (ECM) and stromal cells, and the physiological state of the tumor microenvironment (TME) is closely connected to every step of tumorigenesis. Evidence suggests that the vital components of the TME are fibroblasts and myofibroblasts, neuroendocrine cells, adipose cells, immune and inflammatory cells, the blood and lymphatic vascular networks, and ECM. This manuscript, based on the current studies of the TME, offers a more comprehensive overview of the primary functions of each component of the TME in cancer initiation, progression, and invasion. The manuscript also includes primary therapeutic targeting markers for each player, which may be helpful in treating tumors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maonan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of Ministry of Health, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410078, China
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410078, China
| | - Jingzhou Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410078, China
| | - Lishen Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410078, China
| | - Fang Wei
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410078, China
| | - Yu Lian
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410078, China
| | - Yingfeng Wu
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410078, China
| | - Zhaojian Gong
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410078, China
| | - Shanshan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of Ministry of Health, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410078, China
| | - Jianda Zhou
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Nonresolving Inflammation and Cancer, Disease Genome Research Center, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China
| | - Ke Cao
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Nonresolving Inflammation and Cancer, Disease Genome Research Center, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China
| | - Xiayu Li
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Nonresolving Inflammation and Cancer, Disease Genome Research Center, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China
| | - Wei Xiong
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of Ministry of Health, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410078, China
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410078, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Nonresolving Inflammation and Cancer, Disease Genome Research Center, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China
| | - Guiyuan Li
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of Ministry of Health, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410078, China
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410078, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Nonresolving Inflammation and Cancer, Disease Genome Research Center, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China
| | - Zhaoyang Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of Ministry of Health, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410078, China
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410078, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Nonresolving Inflammation and Cancer, Disease Genome Research Center, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China
| | - Can Guo
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of Ministry of Health, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410078, China
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410078, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Nonresolving Inflammation and Cancer, Disease Genome Research Center, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Yi M, Yang J, Li W, Li X, Xiong W, McCarthy JB, Li G, Xiang B. The NOR1/OSCP1 proteins in cancer: from epigenetic silencing to functional characterization of a novel tumor suppressor. J Cancer 2017; 8:626-635. [PMID: 28367242 PMCID: PMC5370506 DOI: 10.7150/jca.17579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2016] [Accepted: 11/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
NOR1 (Oxidored-nitro domain-containing protein 1), also known as OSCP1, was first identified in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) cells in 2003. NOR1 is evolutionarily conserved among species with its expression is restricted to brain, testis and respiratory epithelial cells. NOR1 was downregulated in NPC and the downregulation associates with poor prognosis. Previous study demonstrated that hypermethylation of NOR1 promoter was observed in NPC and hematological malignancies, which has been believed to be the main epigenetic cause for NOR1 silencing in these cancers. Recently, the NOR1 tumor suppressor status has been fully established. NOR1 inhibited cancer cell growth by disturbing tumor cell energe metabolism. NOR1 also promote tumor cells apoptosis in oxidative stress and hypoxia by inhibition of stress induced autophagy. Moreover, NOR1 suppressed cancer cell epithelial-mesenchymal transition, invasion and metastasis via activation of FOXA1/HDAC2-slug regulatory network. Deciphering the molecular mechanisms underlying NOR1 mediated tumor suppressive role would be helpful to a deeper understanding of carcinogenesis and, furthermore, to the development of new therapeutic approaches. Here we summarize the current knowledge on NOR1 focusing on its expression pattern, epigenetic and genetic association with human cancers and its biological functions. This review will also elucidate the potential application of NOR1/OSCP1 for some human malignancies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mei Yi
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, The Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China;; The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of the Chinese Ministry of Health, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan410078, China;; The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan410078, China
| | - Jianbo Yang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA
| | - Wenjuan Li
- The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of the Chinese Ministry of Health, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan410078, China;; The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan410078, China
| | - Xiaoling Li
- The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of the Chinese Ministry of Health, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan410078, China;; The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan410078, China
| | - Wei Xiong
- The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of the Chinese Ministry of Health, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan410078, China;; The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan410078, China
| | - James B McCarthy
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA
| | - Guiyuan Li
- The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of the Chinese Ministry of Health, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan410078, China;; The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan410078, China
| | - Bo Xiang
- The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of the Chinese Ministry of Health, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan410078, China;; The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan410078, China
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Yu J, Liu Y, Guo C, Zhang S, Gong Z, Tang Y, Yang L, He Y, Lian Y, Li X, Deng H, Liao Q, Li X, Li Y, Li G, Zeng Z, Xiong W, Yang X. Upregulated long non-coding RNA LINC00152 expression is associated with progression and poor prognosis of tongue squamous cell carcinoma. J Cancer 2017; 8:523-530. [PMID: 28367232 PMCID: PMC5370496 DOI: 10.7150/jca.17510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2016] [Accepted: 11/10/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Altered expression of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) associated with human carcinogenesis and might be used as diagnosis and prognosis biomarkers. However, the expression of lncRNAs in tongue squamous cell carcinoma (TSCC) and their relevance on the diagnosis, progression and prognosis of TSCC have not been thoroughly elucidated. To discover novel TSCC-related lncRNAs, we analyzed the lncRNA expression patterns in two sets of previously published TSCC gene expression profile data (GSE30784 and GSE9844), and found that long intergenic non-coding RNA 152 (LINC00152) was significantly upregulated in TSCC samples. We then detected LINC00152 expression in two other cohorts of TSCC samples. Quantitative Real time PCR (qRT-PCR) results indicated that LINC00152 was highly expressed in 15 primary TSCC biopsies when compared with 14 adjacent non-tumor tongue squamous cell epithelium samples. The expression of LINC00152 was also measured in 182 paraffin-embedded human TSCC tissues by in situ hybridization, increased expression of LINC00152 was significantly correlated with TSCC progression, such as T stage (p = 0.009), N stage (p = 0.036), TNM stage (p = 0.017), and associated with relapse (p < 0.001), and invasion (p < 0.001). Kaplan-Meier analysis demonstrated that increased LINC00152 expression contributed to both poor overall survival (p = 0.006) and disease-free survival (p = 0.007) of TSCC patients. These findings suggest that LINC00152 might serve as a potential biomarker for early detection and prognosis prediction of TSCC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jianjun Yu
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Hunan Cancer Hospital and The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China;; Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China;; The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of the Chinese Ministry of Health, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yan Liu
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Hunan Cancer Hospital and The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China;; The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of the Chinese Ministry of Health, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Can Guo
- The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of the Chinese Ministry of Health, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China;; The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Shanshan Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Zhaojian Gong
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China;; The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of the Chinese Ministry of Health, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China;; The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yanyan Tang
- The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of the Chinese Ministry of Health, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Liting Yang
- The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of the Chinese Ministry of Health, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yi He
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Hunan Cancer Hospital and The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China;; The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of the Chinese Ministry of Health, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yu Lian
- The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of the Chinese Ministry of Health, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xiayu Li
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Nonresolving Inflammation and Cancer, Disease Genome Research Center, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Hao Deng
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Nonresolving Inflammation and Cancer, Disease Genome Research Center, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Qianjin Liao
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Hunan Cancer Hospital and The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China;; The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of the Chinese Ministry of Health, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China;; The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xiaoling Li
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Hunan Cancer Hospital and The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China;; The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of the Chinese Ministry of Health, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China;; The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yong Li
- The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of the Chinese Ministry of Health, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China;; The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China;; Department of Cancer Biology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Guiyuan Li
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Hunan Cancer Hospital and The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China;; The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of the Chinese Ministry of Health, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China;; The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Zhaoyang Zeng
- The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of the Chinese Ministry of Health, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China;; The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Wei Xiong
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Hunan Cancer Hospital and The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China;; The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of the Chinese Ministry of Health, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China;; The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xinming Yang
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Hunan Cancer Hospital and The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China;; Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Yang L, Tang Y, He Y, Wang Y, Lian Y, Xiong F, Shi L, Zhang S, Gong Z, Zhou Y, Liao Q, Zhou M, Li X, Xiong W, Li Y, Li G, Zeng Z, Guo C. High Expression of LINC01420 indicates an unfavorable prognosis and modulates cell migration and invasion in nasopharyngeal carcinoma. J Cancer 2017; 8:97-103. [PMID: 28123602 PMCID: PMC5264044 DOI: 10.7150/jca.16819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2016] [Accepted: 09/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent studies demonstrated that long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) deregulated in many cancer tissues including nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) and had critical roles in cancer progression and metastasis. In this study, we aimed to assess a lncRNA LINC01420 expression in NPC and explore its role in NPC pathogenesis. Our research revealed that the expression level of LINC01420 in NPC tissues were higher than nasopharyngeal epithelial (NPE) tissues. Moreover, NPC patients with high LINC01420 expression level showed poor overall survival. Knockdown LINC01420 inhibited NPC cell migration and invasion in vitro. In summary, LINC01420 may play a critical role in NPC progression and may serve as a potential prognostic biomarker in NPC patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liting Yang
- The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of the Chinese Ministry of Health, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China;; The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China;; Hunan Key Laboratory of Nonresolving Inflammation and Cancer, Disease Genome Research Center, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yanyan Tang
- The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of the Chinese Ministry of Health, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China;; The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yi He
- The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China;; Hunan Cancer Hospital and The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yumin Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of the Chinese Ministry of Health, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China;; The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yu Lian
- The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Fang Xiong
- The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of the Chinese Ministry of Health, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Lei Shi
- The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China;; The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Shanshan Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of the Chinese Ministry of Health, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Zhaojian Gong
- The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China;; The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yujuan Zhou
- Hunan Cancer Hospital and The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Qianjin Liao
- The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China;; Hunan Cancer Hospital and The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Ming Zhou
- The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of the Chinese Ministry of Health, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China;; The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China;; Hunan Key Laboratory of Nonresolving Inflammation and Cancer, Disease Genome Research Center, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xiaoling Li
- The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of the Chinese Ministry of Health, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China;; The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Wei Xiong
- The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of the Chinese Ministry of Health, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China;; The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China;; Hunan Key Laboratory of Nonresolving Inflammation and Cancer, Disease Genome Research Center, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yong Li
- The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of the Chinese Ministry of Health, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China;; The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China;; Department of Cancer Biology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Guiyuan Li
- The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of the Chinese Ministry of Health, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China;; The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China;; Hunan Key Laboratory of Nonresolving Inflammation and Cancer, Disease Genome Research Center, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Zhaoyang Zeng
- The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of the Chinese Ministry of Health, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China;; The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China;; Hunan Key Laboratory of Nonresolving Inflammation and Cancer, Disease Genome Research Center, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Can Guo
- The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of the Chinese Ministry of Health, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China;; The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China;; Hunan Key Laboratory of Nonresolving Inflammation and Cancer, Disease Genome Research Center, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Wan X, Lei Y, Li Z, Wang J, Chen Z, McNutt M, Lin D, Zhao C, Jiang C, Li J, Pu Q, Su M, Wang Y, Gu J. Pancreatic Expression of Immunoglobulin G in Human Pancreatic Cancer and Associated Diabetes. Pancreas 2015; 44:1304-13. [PMID: 26390427 DOI: 10.1097/mpa.0000000000000544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The prognosis of pancreatic cancer (PC) is poor and the pathogenesis of PC-associated diabetes is unknown. We investigated the possible expression of immunoglobulin G (IgG) in human pancreatic carcinomas and adjacent pancreatic islets to gain a better understanding of these diseases. METHODS We employed immunohistochemistry, Western Blot, real-time polymerase chain reaction, and in situ hybridization to examine IgG expression in PC tissues and adjacent islets with and without cancer-associated diabetes. The IgG mRNA and IgG synthesizing-related enzymes were examined in PC cell lines. The IgG expression and secretion were downregulated with specific small interfering RNA and antibody to IgG followed by flow cytometry to assess its effect on apoptosis of cultured PC cells. RESULTS The expression of IgG was detected in pancreatic carcinoma and adjacent islets. Small interfering RNA and antibody treatments induced apoptosis in PC cell lines. In the carcinoma tissue, the levels of IgG expression varied depending on the stages of the cancers with more malignant cancers expressing more IgG (P < 0.05). The IgG levels in cancer cells were also increased when the patients had diabetes or hyperglycemia (P < 0.05). In addition, the extent of IgG expression in the seemingly normal islet cells adjacent to the tumor varied in relation to the grade of cancer differentiation and distance to the cancer nests. CONCLUSIONS (1) Immunoglobulin G was locally produced by PC cells and adjacent islet cells. (2) Immunoglobulin G may promote tumor growth by inhibiting cancer cell apoptosis. (3) Locally produced IgG might play a role in PC-associated diabetes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xia Wan
- From the *Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Immunopathology, Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong; †Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking (Beijing) University, Beijing, China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
38
|
Ji F, Chang X, Liu C, Meng L, Qu L, Wu J, Liu C, Cui H, Shou C. Prognostic value and characterization of the ovarian cancer-specific antigen CA166-9. Int J Oncol 2015; 47:1405-15. [PMID: 26251984 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2015.3115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2015] [Accepted: 03/09/2015] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
COC166-9 is an ovarian cancer-specific monoclonal antibody, and COC166-9-based immunotherapy has been shown to possess killing effects against ovarian cancer cells in vitro and in vivo. However the antigen recognized by COC166-9 (COC166-9-Ag, CA166-9) has not been identified and the clinical significance of CA166-9 expression remains unknown. We found that CA166-9 was positive in 53.1% of ovarian cancer tissues. Expression of CA166-9 was strongly correlated with the cancer recurrence (P<0.001). Patients with positive CA166-9 had substantially shorter overall survival (P=0.026) and disease-free survival (P=0.002). CA166-9 was also shown to be an independent predictive factor for overall survival (HR=2.454, P=0.016) and disease-free survival (HR=2.331, P=0.021). We identified CA166-9 as human immunoglobulin γ-1 heavy chain constant region (IGHG1). Purified IGHG1 promoted proliferation, migration, and invasion of CA166-9-negative ovarian cancer HOC1A cells, whereas it had minimal effects on the phenotypes of CA166-9-positive ovarian cancer CAOV-3 cells. In addition, overexpression of IGHG1 enhanced migration of ovarian cancer cells. On the contrary, COC166-9 inhibited proliferation, migration, and invasion of CAOV-3 cells, but had no effects on HOC1A cells. Therefore, IGHG1 similarly to CA166-9, could play an important role in ovarian cancer development and may serve as a potential prognostic marker and a therapeutical target for ovarian cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fangxing Ji
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing 100142, P.R. China
| | - Xiaohong Chang
- Gynecological Oncology Center, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, P.R. China
| | - Caiyun Liu
- Gynecological Oncology Center, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, P.R. China
| | - Lin Meng
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing 100142, P.R. China
| | - Like Qu
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing 100142, P.R. China
| | - Jian Wu
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing 100142, P.R. China
| | - Chanzhen Liu
- Gynecological Oncology Center, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, P.R. China
| | - Heng Cui
- Gynecological Oncology Center, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, P.R. China
| | - Chengchao Shou
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing 100142, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
AID expression increased by TNF-α is associated with class switch recombination of Igα gene in cancers. Cell Mol Immunol 2015; 13:484-91. [PMID: 25849121 DOI: 10.1038/cmi.2015.26] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2014] [Revised: 02/28/2015] [Accepted: 02/28/2015] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Recently, immunoglobulins (Igs) were unexpectedly found to be expressed in epithelial cancers. Immunoglobulin class switching or class switch recombination (CSR) is a natural biological process that alters a B cell's production of antibodies (immunoglobulins) from one class to another. However, the mechanism of CSR of Ig genes in cancer is still unknown. Here, we confirmed by detecting the hallmark of CSR that the Igα gene in cancer underwent CSR. Then we focused on activation-induced cytidine deaminase (AID), a crucial factor for initiating CSR. Further studies using tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α stimulation and specific inhibitor of NF-κB revealed that TNF-α could increase AID expression through NF-κB signaling. Finally, we demonstrated that AID could co-localize with protein kinase A and bind to the switching (Sα) region of the Igα gene. Overexpression of AID obviously enhanced Igα heavy chain expression and its binding ability to the Sα region. These findings indicated that TNF-α-induced AID expression is involved with CSR in cancer.
Collapse
|
40
|
Fristedt R, Elebro J, Gaber A, Jonsson L, Heby M, Yudina Y, Nodin B, Uhlén M, Eberhard J, Jirström K. Reduced expression of the polymeric immunoglobulin receptor in pancreatic and periampullary adenocarcinoma signifies tumour progression and poor prognosis. PLoS One 2014; 9:e112728. [PMID: 25397670 PMCID: PMC4232506 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0112728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2014] [Accepted: 10/14/2014] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The polymeric immunoglobulin receptor (pIgR) is a key component of the mucosal immune system that mediates epithelial transcytosis of immunoglobulins. High pIgR expression has been reported to correlate with a less aggressive tumour phenotype and an improved prognosis in several human cancer types. Here, we examined the expression and prognostic significance of pIgR in pancreatic and periampullary adenocarcinoma. The study cohort encompasses a consecutive series of 175 patients surgically treated with pancreaticoduodenectomy for pancreatic and periampullary adenocarcinoma in Malmö and Lund University Hospitals, Sweden, between 2001–2011. Tissue microarrays were constructed from primary tumours (n = 175) and paired lymph node metastases (n = 105). A multiplied score was calculated from the fraction and intensity of pIgR staining. Classification and regression tree analysis was used to select the prognostic cut-off. Unadjusted and adjusted hazard ratios (HR) for death and recurrence within 5 years were calculated. pIgR expression could be evaluated in 172/175 (98.3%) primary tumours and in 96/105 (91.4%) lymph node metastases. pIgR expression was significantly down-regulated in lymph node metastases as compared with primary tumours (p = 0.018). Low pIgR expression was significantly associated with poor differentiation grade (p<0.001), perineural growth (p = 0.027), lymphatic invasion (p = 0.016), vascular invasion (p = 0.033) and infiltration of the peripancreatic fat (p = 0.039). In the entire cohort, low pIgR expression was significantly associated with an impaired 5-year survival (HR = 2.99, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.71–5.25) and early recurrence (HR = 2.89, 95% CI 1.67–4.98). This association remained significant for survival after adjustment for conventional clinicopathological factors, tumour origin and adjuvant treatment (HR = 1.98, 95% CI 1.10–3.57). These results demonstrate, for the first time, that high tumour-specific pIgR expression signifies a more favourable tumour phenotype and that low expression independently predicts a shorter survival in patients with pancreatic and periampullary cancer. The mechanistic basis for the putative tumour suppressing properties of pIgR in these cancers merits further study.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Richard Fristedt
- Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Oncology and Pathology, Lund University, SE-221 85 Lund, Sweden
| | - Jacob Elebro
- Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Oncology and Pathology, Lund University, SE-221 85 Lund, Sweden
| | - Alexander Gaber
- Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Oncology and Pathology, Lund University, SE-221 85 Lund, Sweden
| | - Liv Jonsson
- Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Oncology and Pathology, Lund University, SE-221 85 Lund, Sweden
| | - Margareta Heby
- Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Oncology and Pathology, Lund University, SE-221 85 Lund, Sweden
| | - Yulyana Yudina
- Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Oncology and Pathology, Lund University, SE-221 85 Lund, Sweden
| | - Björn Nodin
- Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Oncology and Pathology, Lund University, SE-221 85 Lund, Sweden
| | - Mathias Uhlén
- Science for Life Laboratory, Royal Institute of Technology, 171 21 Stockholm, Sweden; School of Biotechnology, AlbaNova University Center, Royal Institute of Technology, 106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jakob Eberhard
- Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Oncology and Pathology, Lund University, SE-221 85 Lund, Sweden
| | - Karin Jirström
- Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Oncology and Pathology, Lund University, SE-221 85 Lund, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Lei Y, Huang T, Su M, Luo J, Korteweg C, Li J, Chen Z, Qiu Y, Liu X, Yan M, Wang Y, Gu J. Expression and distribution of immunoglobulin G in the normal liver, hepatocarcinoma and postpartial hepatectomy liver. J Transl Med 2014; 94:1283-95. [PMID: 25264708 DOI: 10.1038/labinvest.2014.114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2014] [Revised: 07/12/2014] [Accepted: 07/22/2014] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The liver has the extraordinary properties of regeneration and immune tolerance; however, the mechanisms governing these abilities are poorly understood. To address these questions, we examined the possible expression of immunoglobulins in the human and rat liver and the relationship of IgG expression to hepatocyte proliferation, metastasis, apoptosis and immune tolerance. Immunohistochemistry, in situ hybridization, laser-guided microdissection and reverse transcription-PCR were performed to examine the expression of IgG in normal human and rat liver, severe combined immunodeficient mouse (SCID) liver and human liver cancers and corresponding cell lines. Small interfering RNA (siRNA) was transfected into cultured hepatocarcinoma cells to downregulate the expression of IgG heavy chain genes. Cell proliferation and apoptosis were assayed with flow cytometry. Cell metastasis was assayed with a Transwell cell assay. Partial hepatectomy (70%) was performed in rats to examine the relationship between hepatocyte IgG and hepatocyte proliferation. IgG, together with essential enzymes for its synthesis, were expressed in the cytoplasm of hepatocytes of normal adult human and hepatoma patients and rat livers, SCID mouse liver and BRL-3A, L-02 and HepG-2 cell lines. Downregulation of IgG inhibited cell proliferation and metastasis and promoted apoptosis. Postsurgery livers expressed significantly more IgG than the livers before surgery and decreased to the original levels when hepatocytes stopped regeneration. IgA and IgM but not IgD and IgE were also positive in hepatocytes. Our findings demonstrate that normal and malignant hepatocytes are capable of synthesizing immunoglobulin, which has important roles in hepatocyte proliferation, apoptosis and cancer growth with profound clinical implications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu Lei
- Provincial Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease and Immunopathology, Department of Pathology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Tao Huang
- Provincial Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease and Immunopathology, Department of Pathology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Meng Su
- 1] Provincial Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease and Immunopathology, Department of Pathology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China [2] Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Jin Luo
- Provincial Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease and Immunopathology, Department of Pathology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Christine Korteweg
- Provincial Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease and Immunopathology, Department of Pathology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Jing Li
- Provincial Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease and Immunopathology, Department of Pathology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Zhengshan Chen
- Provincial Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease and Immunopathology, Department of Pathology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Yamei Qiu
- Provincial Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease and Immunopathology, Department of Pathology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Xingmu Liu
- Provincial Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease and Immunopathology, Department of Pathology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Meiling Yan
- Provincial Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease and Immunopathology, Department of Pathology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Yun Wang
- Provincial Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease and Immunopathology, Department of Pathology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Jiang Gu
- 1] Provincial Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease and Immunopathology, Department of Pathology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China [2] Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Jiang C, Huang T, Wang Y, Huang G, Wan X, Gu J. Immunoglobulin G expression in lung cancer and its effects on metastasis. PLoS One 2014; 9:e97359. [PMID: 24853685 PMCID: PMC4031068 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0097359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2013] [Accepted: 04/17/2014] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is one of the leading malignancies worldwide, but the regulatory mechanism of its growth and metastasis is still poorly understood. We investigated the possible expression of immunoglobulin G (IgG) genes in squamous cell carcinomas and adenocarcinomas of the lung and related cancer cell lines. Abundant mRNA of IgG and essential enzymes for IgG synthesis, recombination activation genes 1, 2 (RAG1, 2) and activation-induced cytidine deaminase (AID) were detected in the cancer cells but not in adjacent normal lung tissue or normal lung epithelial cell line. The extents of IgG expression in 86 lung cancers were found to associate with clinical stage, pathological grade and lymph node metastasis. We found that knockdown of IgG with siRNA resulted in decreases of cellular proliferation, migration and attachment for cultured lung cancer cells. Metastasis-associated gene 1 (MTA1) appeared to be co-expressed with IgG in lung cancer cells. Statistical analysis showed that the rate of IgG expression was significantly correlated to that of MTA1 and to lymph node metastases. Inhibition of MTA1 gene expression with siRNA also led to decreases of cellular migration and attachment for cultured lung cancer cells. These evidences suggested that inhibition of cancer migration and attachment induced by IgG down-regulation might be achieved through MTA1 regulatory pathway. Our findings suggest that lung cancer-produced IgG is likely to play an important role in cancer growth and metastasis with significant clinical implications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chunfan Jiang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Immunopathology, Department of Pathology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China
- Department of pathology, Xiangyang Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang, Hubei, China
| | - Tao Huang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Immunopathology, Department of Pathology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yun Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Immunopathology, Department of Pathology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China
| | - Guowei Huang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Immunopathology, Department of Pathology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xia Wan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Immunopathology, Department of Pathology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jiang Gu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Immunopathology, Department of Pathology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China
- Translational Medicine Center, Second Affiliated Hospital, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Fristedt R, Gaber A, Hedner C, Nodin B, Uhlén M, Eberhard J, Jirström K. Expression and prognostic significance of the polymeric immunoglobulin receptor in esophageal and gastric adenocarcinoma. J Transl Med 2014; 12:83. [PMID: 24694107 PMCID: PMC4021601 DOI: 10.1186/1479-5876-12-83] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2014] [Accepted: 03/29/2014] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The polymeric immunoglobulin receptor (PIGR) has been proposed to be a candidate prognostic biomarker in a few cancer forms, and one previous study reported that reduced PIGR expression signifies more aggressive tumours of the distal esophagus and gastroesophageal junction (GEJ). In the present study, we examined the expression, clinicopathological correlates and prognostic significance of PIGR expression in an extended cohort of adenocarcinoma of the upper gastrointestinal tract. MATERIALS AND METHODS Immunohistochemical PIGR expression was examined in a consecutive cohort of patients with surgically resected, radio-chemonaive adenocarcinoma of the esophagus, GE-junction and stomach (n = 173), including paired samples of benign-appearing squamous epithelium (n = 51), gastric mucosa (n = 114), Barrett's esophagus (BE) or intestinal metaplasia (IM) (n = 57) and lymph node metastases (n = 75). Non-parametric tests were applied to explore associations between PIGR expression in primary tumours and clinicopathological characteristics. Classification and regression tree analysis was applied for selection of prognostic cut-off. The impact of PIGR expression on overall survival (OS) and recurrence-free survival (RFS) was assessed by Kaplan-Meier analysis and hazard ratios (HR) calculated by adjusted and unadjusted Cox proportional hazards modelling. RESULTS PIGR expression was significantly higher in intestinal metaplasia (BE or gastric IM) compared to normal tissues and cancer (p < 0.001). Reduced PIGR expression in primary tumours was significantly associated with more advanced tumour stage (p = 0.002) and inversely associated with involved margins (p = 0.034). PIGR expression did not differ between primary tumours and lymph node metastases. There was no significant difference in PIGR expression between tumours with and without a background of intestinal metaplasia. High PIGR expression was an independent predictor of a prolonged OS (HR = 0.60, 95% CI 0.36-0.99) and RFS (HR = 0.49, 95% CI 0.27-0.90) in patients with radically resected (R0) primary tumours and of an improved RFS (HR = 0.32, 95% CI 0.15-0.69) in curatively treated patients with R0 resection/distant metastasis-free disease. CONCLUSION High PIGR expression independently predicts a decreased risk of recurrence and an improved survival in patients with adenocarcinoma of the upper gastrointestinal tract. These findings are of potential clinical relevance and merit further validation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Richard Fristedt
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Oncology and Pathology, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital, 221 85 Lund, Sweden.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
44
|
Wang J, Lin D, Peng H, Huang Y, Huang J, Gu J. Cancer-derived immunoglobulin G promotes tumor cell growth and proliferation through inducing production of reactive oxygen species. Cell Death Dis 2013; 4:e945. [PMID: 24309932 PMCID: PMC3877547 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2013.474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2013] [Revised: 10/25/2013] [Accepted: 10/29/2013] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Cancer cells have been found to express immunoglobulin G (IgG), but the exact functions and underlying mechanisms of cancer-derived IgG remain elusive. In this study, we first confirmed that downregulation of IgG restrained the growth and proliferation of cancer cells in vitro and in vivo. To elucidate its mechanism, we carried out a co-immunoprecipitation assay in HeLa cells and identified 27 potential IgG-interacting proteins. Among them, receptor of activated protein kinase C 1 (RACK1), ras-related nuclear protein (RAN) and peroxiredoxin 1 (PRDX1) are closely related to cell growth and oxidative stress, which prompted us to investigate the mechanism of action of IgG in the above phenomena. Upon confirmation of the interactions between IgG and the three proteins, further experiments revealed that downregulation of cancer-derived IgG lowered levels of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) by enhancing cellular total antioxidant capacity. In addition, a few ROS scavengers, including catalase (CAT), dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO), n-acetylcysteine (NAC) and superoxide dismutase (SOD), further inhibited the growth of IgG-deficient cancer cells through suppressing mitogen-activated protein kinase/extracellular-regulated kinase (MAPK/ERK) signaling pathway induced by a low level of intracellular ROS, whereas exogenous hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) at low concentration promoted their survival via increasing intracellular ROS levels. Similar results were obtained in an animal model and human tissues. Taken together, our results demonstrate that cancer-derived IgG can enhance the growth and proliferation of cancer cells via inducing the production of ROS at low level. These findings provide new clues for understanding tumor proliferation and designing cancer therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J Wang
- Provincial Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Immunopathology, Department of Pathology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - D Lin
- Provincial Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Immunopathology, Department of Pathology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - H Peng
- Provincial Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Immunopathology, Department of Pathology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Y Huang
- Provincial Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Immunopathology, Department of Pathology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - J Huang
- Provincial Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Immunopathology, Department of Pathology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - J Gu
- Provincial Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Immunopathology, Department of Pathology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
- Department of Pathology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, China. Tel: +86 754 88900207; Fax: +86 754 88950293; E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Duan Z, Zheng H, Xu S, Jiang Y, Liu H, Li M, Hu D, Li W, Bode AM, Dong Z, Cao Y. Activation of the Ig Iα1 promoter by the transcription factor Ets-1 triggers Ig Iα1-Cα1 germline transcription in epithelial cancer cells. Cell Mol Immunol 2013; 11:197-205. [PMID: 24185710 DOI: 10.1038/cmi.2013.52] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2013] [Revised: 09/11/2013] [Accepted: 09/12/2013] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Immunoglobulins (Igs) are known to be synthesized and secreted only by B lymphocytes. Class switch recombination (CSR) is a key event that enables B cells to express Igs, and one of the crucial steps for CSR initiation is the germline transcription of Ig genes. Surprisingly, recent studies have demonstrated that the Ig genes are also expressed in some epithelial cancer cells; however, the mechanisms underlying how cancer cells initiate CSR and express Igs are still unknown. In this study, we confirmed that the Ig Iα1 promoter in cancer cell lines was activated by the Ets-1 transcription factor, and the activity of the Ig Iα1 promoter and Ig Iα1-Cα1 germline transcription were attenuated after knockdown of Ets-1 by specific small interfering RNAs (siRNA). Furthermore, the expression of Ets-1 and Igα heavy chain in cancer cells was dose dependently upregulated by TGF-β1. These results indicate that activation of the Ig Iα1 promoter by the transcription factor Ets-1 is a critical pathway and provides a novel mechanism for Ig expression in non-B cell cancers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhi Duan
- 1] Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biology, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, China [2] Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of Education, Changsha, China [3] Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Ministry of Health, Changsha, China
| | - Hui Zheng
- 1] Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biology, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, China [2] Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of Education, Changsha, China [3] Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Ministry of Health, Changsha, China
| | - San Xu
- 1] Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biology, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, China [2] Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of Education, Changsha, China [3] Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Ministry of Health, Changsha, China
| | - Yiqun Jiang
- 1] Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biology, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, China [2] Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of Education, Changsha, China [3] Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Ministry of Health, Changsha, China
| | - Haidan Liu
- Center of Clinical Gene Diagnosis and Therapy, Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Ming Li
- Department of Immunology, Xiangya Medical College, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Duosha Hu
- 1] Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biology, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, China [2] Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of Education, Changsha, China [3] Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Ministry of Health, Changsha, China
| | - Wei Li
- 1] Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biology, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, China [2] Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of Education, Changsha, China [3] Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Ministry of Health, Changsha, China [4] The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, MN, USA
| | - Ann M Bode
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, MN, USA
| | - Zigang Dong
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, MN, USA
| | - Ya Cao
- 1] Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biology, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, China [2] Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of Education, Changsha, China [3] Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Ministry of Health, Changsha, China
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Huang J, Sun X, Gong X, He Z, Chen L, Qiu X, Yin CC. Rearrangement and expression of the immunoglobulin μ-chain gene in human myeloid cells. Cell Mol Immunol 2013; 11:94-104. [PMID: 24141767 DOI: 10.1038/cmi.2013.45] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2013] [Revised: 08/22/2013] [Accepted: 08/23/2013] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Immunoglobulin (Ig), a characteristic marker of B cells, has been reported to be expressed in epithelial cells, with a suggested role in their growth and survival. We have previously reported that IgG heavy chain is expressed in acute myeloid leukemia (AML), but not in the monocytes or neutrophils from patients with non-hematopoietic neoplasms or healthy controls. In the present study, we assessed IgM heavy chain expression and repertoire in human myeloid cells. We detected VHμDJHμ rearrangement and expression in 7/7 AML cell lines, 7/14 primary myeloblasts from AML patients, and interestingly, 8/20 monocytes and 3/20 neutrophils from patients with non-hematopoietic neoplasms and healthy individuals. We also found evidence of somatic hypermutation of the variable (V) gene segments in AML-derived IgM gene rearrangements but not in IgM from monocytes or neutrophils from patients with non-hematopoietic neoplasms and healthy individuals. Furthermore, IgM VHμDJHμ gene rearrangements in AML cell lines, primary myeloblasts, and monocytes and neutrophils from patients with non-hematopoietic neoplasms showed a restricted V usage and repertoire, whereas the VHμDJHμ gene rearrangements in monocytes and neutrophils from healthy individuals displayed more diversity. Anti-human IgM inhibited cell proliferation, but did not induce apoptosis in AML cell lines. Our findings suggest that AML-derived IgM might be a novel AML-related molecule that is involved in leukemogenesis and AML progression and might serve as a useful molecular marker for designing targeted therapy and monitoring minimal residual disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Huang
- 1] Center for Human Disease Genomics, Peking University, Beijing, China [2] Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Key laboratory of Immunology, Ministry of Health, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoping Sun
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Xiaoting Gong
- 1] Center for Human Disease Genomics, Peking University, Beijing, China [2] Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Key laboratory of Immunology, Ministry of Health, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Zhiqiao He
- Department of Hematopathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Lei Chen
- Department of Pathology, The University of Texas-Medical School, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Xiaoyan Qiu
- 1] Center for Human Disease Genomics, Peking University, Beijing, China [2] Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Key laboratory of Immunology, Ministry of Health, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China [3] Department of Hematopathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - C Cameron Yin
- Department of Hematopathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Primary breast cancer tumours contain high amounts of IgA1 immunoglobulin: an immunohistochemical analysis of a possible carrier of the tumour-associated Tn antigen. PLoS One 2013; 8:e61749. [PMID: 23637900 PMCID: PMC3630176 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0061749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2012] [Accepted: 03/13/2013] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The Tn antigen (GalNAc alpha-O-Ser/Thr) as defined by the binding of the lectin, helix pomatia agglutinin (HPA) or anti-Tn monoclonal antibodies, is known to be exposed in a majority of cancers, and it has also been shown to correlate positively with the metastatic capacity in breast carcinoma. The short O-glycan that forms the antigen is carried by a number of different proteins. One potential carrier of the Tn antigen is immunoglobulin A1 (IgA1), which we surprisingly found in tumour cells of the invasive parts of primary breast carcinoma. Conventional immunohistochemical analysis of paraffin-embedded sections from primary breast cancers showed IgA1 to be present in the cytoplasm and plasma membrane of 35 out of 36 individual primary tumours. The immunohistochemical staining of HPA and anti-Tn antibody (GOD3-2C4) did to some extent overlap with the presence of IgA1 in the tumours, but differences were seen in the percentage of stained cells and in the staining pattern in the different breast cancers analysed. Anti-Tn antibody and HPA were also shown to specifically bind to a number of possible constellations of the Tn antigen in the hinge region of IgA1. Both reagents could also detect the presence of Tn positive IgA in serum. On average 51% of the tumour cells in the individual breast cancer tumour sections showed staining for IgA1. The overall amount of staining in the invasive part of the tumour with the anti Tn antibody was 67%, and 93% with HPA. The intra-expression or uptake of IgA1 in breast cancer makes it a new potential carrier of the tumour associated and immunogenic Tn antigen.
Collapse
|
48
|
Kang S, Maeng H, Kim BG, Qing GM, Choi YP, Kim HY, Kim PS, Kim Y, Kim YH, Choi YD, Cho NH. In situ identification and localization of IGHA2 in the breast tumor microenvironment by mass spectrometry. J Proteome Res 2012; 11:4567-74. [PMID: 22894699 DOI: 10.1021/pr3003672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Modifications in the tumor microenvironment (TME) play a major role in the establishment, progression, and metastasis of cancer. Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-mass spectrometry imaging (MALDI-MSI) is a powerful technique that enables the simultaneous identification and localization of biological compounds within tissues. To detect markers of early TME remodeling in invasive breast cancer, we used MALDI-MSI to compare the molecular profiles of tissues from the breast cancer interface zone, tumor zone, and normal-tissue zone. Using direct-tissue MALDI tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS), we identified immunoglobulin heavy constant alpha 2 (IGHA2) as a new, zone-specific protein in the breast TME. The zone-specific expression of IGHA2 was verified by immunoblotting and immunohistochemical analysis. IGHA2 expression was consistently positive in tumor cells that were metastatic to regional nodes, with intense expression along the cytoplasmic borders. As a factor related to an increased percentage of nodes with tumor metastasis, IGHA2 expression was upregulated 3.745-fold in cases with an increased number of cancerous nodes (p = 0.0468). Our results provide the first evidence of IGHA2 as a marker of the early process of TME remodeling in invasive breast cancer. Furthermore, IGHA2 may be a novel marker for regional metastases in the lymph nodes of patients with breast cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Suki Kang
- Department of Pathology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|