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Mao B, Liu S, Zhu S, Wu F, Yuan W, Yan Y, Wang B. The janus face of serotonin: Regenerative promoter and chronic liver disease aggravator. Heliyon 2024; 10:e30703. [PMID: 38756588 PMCID: PMC11096747 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e30703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Revised: 05/01/2024] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024] Open
Abstract
The progression of liver diseases, from viral hepatitis and fatty liver disease to cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), is the most representative series of pathological events in liver diseases. While serotonin (5-HT) primarily regulates brain functions such as psychology, mood, and appetite in the central nervous system (CNS), peripheral 5-HT plays a crucial role in regulating tumor development, glucose and lipid metabolism, immune function and inflammatory response related to liver diseases. These peripheral physiological processes involving 5-HT are the key mechanisms driving the development of these liver diseases. This study presents an overview of the existing literature, focusing on the role of 5-HT in HCC, cirrhosis, fatty liver disease, viral hepatitis, and liver injury. In summary, while 5-HT promotes liver regeneration, it can also contribute to the progression of chronic liver disease. These findings indicate the potential for the development and use of 5-HT-related drugs for the treatment of liver diseases, including HCC and cirrhosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benliang Mao
- Department of General Surgery, Guangzhou Red Cross Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
- College of Clinical Medicine, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Shoupei Liu
- Laboratory of Stem Cells and Translational Medicine, Institutes for Life Sciences, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shanfei Zhu
- Department of General Surgery, Guangzhou Red Cross Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Fan Wu
- Department of General Surgery, Guangzhou Red Cross Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wei Yuan
- Department of General Surgery, Guangzhou Red Cross Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yong Yan
- Department of General Surgery, Guangzhou Red Cross Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bailin Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Guangzhou Red Cross Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
- College of Clinical Medicine, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
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2
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Xu HC, Pandey P, Ward H, Gorzkiewicz M, Abromavičiūtė D, Tinz C, Müller L, Meyer C, Pandyra AA, Yavas A, Borkhardt A, Esposito I, Lang KS, Lang PA. High-Affinity-Mediated Viral Entry Triggers Innate Affinity Escape Resulting in Type I IFN Resistance and Impaired T Cell Immunity. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 2024; 212:1457-1466. [PMID: 38497668 PMCID: PMC11016594 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2300637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
Increased receptor binding affinity may allow viruses to escape from Ab-mediated inhibition. However, how high-affinity receptor binding affects innate immune escape and T cell function is poorly understood. In this study, we used the lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV) murine infection model system to create a mutated LCMV exhibiting higher affinity for the entry receptor α-dystroglycan (LCMV-GPH155Y). We show that high-affinity receptor binding results in increased viral entry, which is associated with type I IFN (IFN-I) resistance, whereas initial innate immune activation was not impaired during high-affinity virus infection in mice. Consequently, IFN-I resistance led to defective antiviral T cell immunity, reduced type II IFN, and prolonged viral replication in this murine model system. Taken together, we show that high-affinity receptor binding of viruses can trigger innate affinity escape including resistance to IFN-I resulting in prolonged viral replication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haifeng C. Xu
- Department of Molecular Medicine II, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Piyush Pandey
- Department of Molecular Medicine II, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Harry Ward
- Department of Molecular Medicine II, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Michal Gorzkiewicz
- Department of Molecular Medicine II, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Department of General Biophysics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Džiuljeta Abromavičiūtė
- Department of Molecular Medicine II, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Constanze Tinz
- Department of Molecular Medicine II, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Lisa Müller
- Institute of Virology, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Caroline Meyer
- Institute of Virology, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Aleksandra A. Pandyra
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Hematology and Clinical Immunology, Medical Faculty, Center of Child and Adolescent Health, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
- German Center for Infection Research, Partner Site Bonn-Cologne, Bonn, Germany
| | - Aslihan Yavas
- Institute of Pathology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University and University Hospital of Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Arndt Borkhardt
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Hematology and Clinical Immunology, Medical Faculty, Center of Child and Adolescent Health, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Irene Esposito
- Institute of Pathology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University and University Hospital of Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Karl S. Lang
- Institute of Immunology, Medical Faculty, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Philipp A. Lang
- Department of Molecular Medicine II, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
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3
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Friebus-Kardash J, Christ TC, Dietlein N, Elwy A, Abdelrahman H, Holnsteiner L, Hu Z, Rodewald HR, Lang KS. Usp22 Deficiency Leads to Downregulation of PD-L1 and Pathological Activation of CD8 + T Cells and Causes Immunopathology in Response to Acute LCMV Infection. Vaccines (Basel) 2023; 11:1563. [PMID: 37896966 PMCID: PMC10610587 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines11101563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2023] [Revised: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Ubiquitin-specific peptidase 22 (Usp22) cleaves ubiquitin moieties from numerous proteins, including histone H2B and transcription factors. Recently, it was reported that Usp22 acts as a negative regulator of interferon-dependent responses. In the current study, we investigated the role of Usp22 deficiency in acute viral infection with lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV). We found that the lack of Usp22 on bone marrow-derived cells (Usp22fl/fl Vav1-Cre mice) reduced the induction of type I and II interferons. A limited type I interferon response did not influence virus replication. However, restricted expression of PD-L1 led to increased frequencies of functional virus-specific CD8+ T cells and rapid death of Usp22-deficient mice. CD8+ T cell depletion experiments revealed that accelerated CD8+ T cells were responsible for enhanced lethality in Usp22 deficient mice. In conclusion, we found that the lack of Usp22 generated a pathological CD8+ T cell response, which gave rise to severe disease in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justa Friebus-Kardash
- Institute of Immunology, Medical Faculty, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany; (T.C.C.); (A.E.); (H.A.); (L.H.); (Z.H.); (K.S.L.)
- Department of Nephrology, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany
| | - Theresa Charlotte Christ
- Institute of Immunology, Medical Faculty, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany; (T.C.C.); (A.E.); (H.A.); (L.H.); (Z.H.); (K.S.L.)
| | - Nikolaus Dietlein
- Division of Cellular Immunology, German Cancer Research Center, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; (N.D.)
| | - Abdelrahman Elwy
- Institute of Immunology, Medical Faculty, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany; (T.C.C.); (A.E.); (H.A.); (L.H.); (Z.H.); (K.S.L.)
| | - Hossam Abdelrahman
- Institute of Immunology, Medical Faculty, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany; (T.C.C.); (A.E.); (H.A.); (L.H.); (Z.H.); (K.S.L.)
| | - Lisa Holnsteiner
- Institute of Immunology, Medical Faculty, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany; (T.C.C.); (A.E.); (H.A.); (L.H.); (Z.H.); (K.S.L.)
| | - Zhongwen Hu
- Institute of Immunology, Medical Faculty, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany; (T.C.C.); (A.E.); (H.A.); (L.H.); (Z.H.); (K.S.L.)
| | - Hans-Reimer Rodewald
- Division of Cellular Immunology, German Cancer Research Center, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; (N.D.)
| | - Karl Sebastian Lang
- Institute of Immunology, Medical Faculty, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany; (T.C.C.); (A.E.); (H.A.); (L.H.); (Z.H.); (K.S.L.)
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4
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Paluschinski M, Kordes C, Vucur M, Buettner V, Roderburg C, Xu HC, Shinte PV, Lang PA, Luedde T, Castoldi M. Differential Modulation of miR-122 Transcription by TGFβ1/BMP6: Implications for Nonresolving Inflammation and Hepatocarcinogenesis. Cells 2023; 12:1955. [PMID: 37566034 PMCID: PMC10416984 DOI: 10.3390/cells12151955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic inflammation is widely recognized as a significant factor that promotes and worsens the development of malignancies, including hepatocellular carcinoma. This study aimed to explore the potential role of microRNAs in inflammation-associated nonresolving hepatocarcinogenesis. By conducting a comprehensive analysis of altered microRNAs in animal models with liver cancer of various etiologies, we identified miR-122 as the most significantly downregulated microRNA in the liver of animals with inflammation-associated liver cancer. Although previous research has indicated the importance of miR-122 in maintaining hepatocyte function, its specific role as either the trigger or the consequence of underlying diseases remains unclear. Through extensive analysis of animals and in vitro models, we have successfully demonstrated that miR-122 transcription is differentially regulated by the immunoregulatory cytokines, by the transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGFβ1), and the bone morphogenetic protein-6 (BMP6). Furthermore, we presented convincing evidence directly linking reduced miR-122 transcription to inflammation and in chronic liver diseases. The results of this study strongly suggest that prolonged activation of pro-inflammatory signaling pathways, leading to disruption of cytokine-mediated regulation of miR-122, may significantly contribute to the onset and exacerbation of chronic liver disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martha Paluschinski
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectious Diseases, Medical Faculty, University Hospital, Heinrich Heine University Dusseldorf, 40225 Dusseldorf, Germany; (M.P.); (C.K.); (M.V.); (V.B.); (C.R.); (T.L.)
| | - Claus Kordes
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectious Diseases, Medical Faculty, University Hospital, Heinrich Heine University Dusseldorf, 40225 Dusseldorf, Germany; (M.P.); (C.K.); (M.V.); (V.B.); (C.R.); (T.L.)
| | - Mihael Vucur
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectious Diseases, Medical Faculty, University Hospital, Heinrich Heine University Dusseldorf, 40225 Dusseldorf, Germany; (M.P.); (C.K.); (M.V.); (V.B.); (C.R.); (T.L.)
| | - Veronika Buettner
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectious Diseases, Medical Faculty, University Hospital, Heinrich Heine University Dusseldorf, 40225 Dusseldorf, Germany; (M.P.); (C.K.); (M.V.); (V.B.); (C.R.); (T.L.)
| | - Christoph Roderburg
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectious Diseases, Medical Faculty, University Hospital, Heinrich Heine University Dusseldorf, 40225 Dusseldorf, Germany; (M.P.); (C.K.); (M.V.); (V.B.); (C.R.); (T.L.)
| | - Haifeng C. Xu
- Institute for Molecular Medicine II, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University Hospital, 40225 Dusseldorf, Germany; (H.C.X.); (P.V.S.); (P.A.L.)
| | - Prashant V. Shinte
- Institute for Molecular Medicine II, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University Hospital, 40225 Dusseldorf, Germany; (H.C.X.); (P.V.S.); (P.A.L.)
| | - Philipp A. Lang
- Institute for Molecular Medicine II, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University Hospital, 40225 Dusseldorf, Germany; (H.C.X.); (P.V.S.); (P.A.L.)
| | - Tom Luedde
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectious Diseases, Medical Faculty, University Hospital, Heinrich Heine University Dusseldorf, 40225 Dusseldorf, Germany; (M.P.); (C.K.); (M.V.); (V.B.); (C.R.); (T.L.)
| | - Mirco Castoldi
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectious Diseases, Medical Faculty, University Hospital, Heinrich Heine University Dusseldorf, 40225 Dusseldorf, Germany; (M.P.); (C.K.); (M.V.); (V.B.); (C.R.); (T.L.)
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5
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Starlinger P, Brunnthaler L, Watkins R, Pereyra D, Stift J, Finsterbusch M, Santol J, Gruenberger T, Assinger A, Smoot R. Tyrosine phosphorylation of YAP-1 in biliary epithelial cells mediates posthepatectomy liver regeneration and is affected by serotonin. J Cell Biochem 2023; 124:687-700. [PMID: 36946436 PMCID: PMC10200759 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.30398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Revised: 02/26/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/23/2023]
Abstract
Experimental data suggested activation of yes-associated protein (YAP-1) as a critical regulator of liver regeneration (LR). Serotonin (5-HT) promotes LR in rodent models and has been proposed to act via YAP-1. How 5-HT affects LR is incompletely understood. A possible mechanism how 5-HT affects human LR was explored. Sixty-one patients were included. Tissue samples prior and 2 h after induction of LR were collected. Circulating levels of 5-HT and osteopontin (OPN) were assessed. YAP-1, its phosphorylation states, cytokeratin 19 (CK-19) and OPN were assessed using immunofluorescence. A mouse model of biliary epithelial cells (BECs) specific deletion of YAP/TAZ was developed. YAP-1 increased as early as 2 h after induction of LR (p = 0.025) predominantly in BECs. BEC specific deletion of YAP/TAZ reduced LR after 70% partial hepatectomy in mice (Ki67%, p < 0.001). SSRI treatment, depleting intra-platelet 5-HT, abolished YAP-1 and OPN induction upon LR. Portal vein 5-HT levels correlated with intrahepatic YAP-1 expression upon LR (R = 0.703, p = 0.035). OPN colocalized with YAP-1 in BECs and its circulating levels increased in the liver vein 2 h after induction of LR (p = 0.017). In the context of LR tyrosine-phosphorylated YAP-1 significantly increased (p = 0.042). Stimulating BECs with 5-HT resulted in increased YAP-1 activation via tyrosine-phosphorylation and subsequently increased OPN expression. BECs YAP-1 appears to be critical for LR in mice and humans. Our evidence suggests that 5-HT, at least in part, exerts its pro-regenerative effects via YAP-1 tyrosine-phosphorylation in BECs and subsequent OPN-dependent paracrine immunomodulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Starlinger
- Department of Surgery, Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
- Department of Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, General Hospital, Vienna, Austria
| | - Laura Brunnthaler
- Center of Physiology and Pharmacology, Institute of Vascular Biology and Thrombosis Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Ryan Watkins
- Department of Surgery, Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - David Pereyra
- Department of Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, General Hospital, Vienna, Austria
| | - Judith Stift
- Clinical Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, A-1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Michaela Finsterbusch
- Center of Physiology and Pharmacology, Institute of Vascular Biology and Thrombosis Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Jonas Santol
- Department of Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, General Hospital, Vienna, Austria
| | - Thomas Gruenberger
- Department of Surgery, HPB Center, Viennese Health Network, Clinic Favoriten and Sigmund Freud Private University, Vienna, Austria
| | - Alice Assinger
- Center of Physiology and Pharmacology, Institute of Vascular Biology and Thrombosis Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Rory Smoot
- Department of Surgery, Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
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6
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Yan C, Wu H, Fang X, He J, Zhu F. Platelet, a key regulator of innate and adaptive immunity. Front Med (Lausanne) 2023; 10:1074878. [PMID: 36968817 PMCID: PMC10038213 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2023.1074878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Platelets, anucleate blood components, represent the major cell type involved in the regulation of hemostasis and thrombosis. In addition to performing haemostatic roles, platelets can influence both innate and adaptive immune responses. In this review, we summarize the development of platelets and their functions in hemostasis. We also discuss the interactions between platelet products and innate or adaptive immune cells, including neutrophils, monocytes, macrophages, T cells, B cells and dendritic cells. Activated platelets and released molecules regulate the differentiation and function of these cells via platelet-derived receptors or secreting molecules. Platelets have dual effects on nearly all immune cells. Understanding the exact mechanisms underlying these effects will enable further application of platelet transfusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Yan
- Department of Blood Transfusion, Nanjing Jiangning Hospital, The Affiliated Jiangning Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Haojie Wu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xianchun Fang
- Department of Blood Transfusion, Nanjing Jiangning Hospital, The Affiliated Jiangning Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Junji He
- Department of Blood Transfusion, Nanjing Jiangning Hospital, The Affiliated Jiangning Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Feng Zhu
- Department of Blood Transfusion, Nanjing Jiangning Hospital, The Affiliated Jiangning Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- *Correspondence: Feng Zhu,
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7
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Regulatory Effects of Curcumin on Platelets: An Update and Future Directions. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10123180. [PMID: 36551934 PMCID: PMC9775400 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10123180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Revised: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The rhizomatous plant turmeric, which is frequently used as a spice and coloring ingredient, yields curcumin, a bioactive compound. Curcumin inhibits platelet activation and aggregation and improves platelet count. Platelets dysfunction results in several disorders, including inflammation, atherothrombosis, and thromboembolism. Several studies have proved the beneficial role of curcumin on platelets and hence proved it is an important candidate for the treatment of the aforementioned diseases. Moreover, curcumin is also frequently employed as an anti-inflammatory agent in conventional medicine. In arthritic patients, it has been shown to reduce the generation of pro-inflammatory eicosanoids and to reduce edema, morning stiffness, and other symptoms. Curcumin taken orally also reduced rats' acute inflammation brought on by carrageenan. Curcumin has also been proven to prevent atherosclerosis and platelet aggregation, as well as to reduce angiogenesis in adipose tissue. In the cerebral microcirculation, curcumin significantly lowered platelet and leukocyte adhesion. It largely modulated the endothelium to reduce platelet adhesion. Additionally, P-selectin expression and mice survival after cecal ligation and puncture were improved by curcumin, which also altered platelet and leukocyte adhesion and blood-brain barrier dysfunction. Through regulating many processes involved in platelet aggregation, curcuminoids collectively demonstrated detectable antiplatelet activity. Curcuminoids may therefore be able to prevent disorders linked to platelet activation as possible therapeutic agents. This review article proposes to highlight and discuss the regulatory effects of curcumin on platelets.
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8
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Morris SM, Chauhan A. The role of platelet mediated thromboinflammation in acute liver injury. Front Immunol 2022; 13:1037645. [PMID: 36389830 PMCID: PMC9647048 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1037645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute liver injuries have wide and varied etiologies and they occur both in patients with and without pre-existent chronic liver disease. Whilst the pathophysiological mechanisms remain distinct, both acute and acute-on-chronic liver injury is typified by deranged serum transaminase levels and if severe or persistent can result in liver failure manifest by a combination of jaundice, coagulopathy and encephalopathy. It is well established that platelets exhibit diverse functions as immune cells and are active participants in inflammation through processes including immunothrombosis or thromboinflammation. Growing evidence suggests platelets play a dualistic role in liver inflammation, shaping the immune response through direct interactions and release of soluble mediators modulating function of liver sinusoidal endothelial cells, stromal cells as well as migrating and tissue-resident leucocytes. Elucidating the pathways involved in initiation, propagation and resolution of the immune response are of interest to identify therapeutic targets. In this review the provocative role of platelets is outlined, highlighting beneficial and detrimental effects in a spatial, temporal and disease-specific manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sean M. Morris
- The Liver Unit, University Hospitals Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Abhishek Chauhan
- The Liver Unit, University Hospitals Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
- Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
- *Correspondence: Abhishek Chauhan,
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9
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Al-Kuraishy HM, Al-Gareeb AI, Alexiou A, Mukerjee N, Al-Hamash SMJ, Al-Maiahy TJ, Batiha GES. 5-HT/CGRP pathway and Sumatriptan role in Covid-19. Biotechnol Genet Eng Rev 2022:1-26. [PMID: 36042570 DOI: 10.1080/02648725.2022.2108996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19) is a pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus type 2 (SARS-CoV-2). In Covid-19, there is uncontrolled activation of immune cells with a massive release of pro-inflammatory cytokines and the development of cytokine storm. These inflammatory changes induce impairment of different organ functions, including the central nervous system (CNS), leading to acute brain injury and substantial changes in the neurotransmitters, including serotonin (5-HT) and calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP), which have immunomodulatory properties through modulation of central and peripheral immune responses. In Covid-19, 5-HT neurotransmitters and CGRP could contribute to abnormal and atypical vascular reactivity. Sumatriptan is a pre-synaptic 5-HT (5-HT1D and 5-HT1B) agonist and inhibits the release of CGRP. Both 5-HT and CGRP seem to be augmented in Covid-19 due to underlying activation of inflammatory signaling pathways and hyperinflammation. In virtue of its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties with inhibition release of 5-HT and CGRP, Sumatriptan may reduce Covid-19 hyperinflammation. Therefore, Sumatriptan might be a novel potential therapeutic strategy in managing Covid-19. In conclusion, Sumatriptan could be an effective therapeutic strategy in managing Covid-19 through modulation of 5-HT neurotransmitters and inhibiting CGRP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hayder M Al-Kuraishy
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Medicine, College of Medicine, AL-Mustansiriyah University, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Ali I Al-Gareeb
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Medicine, College of Medicine, AL-Mustansiriyah University, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Athanasios Alexiou
- Department of Science and Engineering, Novel Global Community Educational Foundation, Hebersham, NSW, Australia
- AFNP Med, Wien, Austria
| | - Nobendu Mukerjee
- Department of Microbiology, Ramakrishna Mission Vivekananda Centenary College, Kolkata, India
- Department of Health Sciences, Novel Global Community Educational Foundation, Hebersham, NSW, Australia
| | | | - Thabat J Al-Maiahy
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, College of Medicine, Al-Mustansiriyah University, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Gaber El-Saber Batiha
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour, Egypt
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10
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Specker E, Matthes S, Wesolowski R, Schütz A, Grohmann M, Alenina N, Pleimes D, Mallow K, Neuenschwander M, Gogolin A, Weise M, Pfeifer J, Ziebart N, Heinemann U, von Kries JP, Nazaré M, Bader M. Structure-Based Design of Xanthine-Benzimidazole Derivatives as Novel and Potent Tryptophan Hydroxylase Inhibitors. J Med Chem 2022; 65:11126-11149. [PMID: 35921615 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.2c00598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Tryptophan hydroxylases catalyze the first and rate-limiting step in the synthesis of serotonin. Serotonin is a key neurotransmitter in the central nervous system and, in the periphery, functions as a local hormone with multiple physiological functions. Studies in genetically altered mouse models have shown that dysregulation of peripheral serotonin levels leads to metabolic, inflammatory, and fibrotic diseases. Overproduction of serotonin by tumor cells causes severe symptoms typical for the carcinoid syndrome, and tryptophan hydroxylase inhibitors are already in clinical use for patients suffering from this disease. Here, we describe a novel class of potent tryptophan hydroxylase inhibitors, characterized by spanning all active binding sites important for catalysis, specifically those of the cosubstrate pterin, the substrate tryptophan as well as directly chelating the catalytic iron ion. The inhibitors were designed to efficiently reduce serotonin in the periphery while not passing the blood-brain barrier, thus preserving serotonin levels in the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edgar Specker
- Chemical Biology Platform, Leibniz-Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP), Robert-Rössle-Str.10, 13125 Berlin-Buch, Germany
| | - Susann Matthes
- Max-Delbrück-Centrum für Molekulare Medizin in der Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft (MDC), Robert-Rössle-Str. 10, 13125 Berlin-Buch, Germany
| | - Radoslaw Wesolowski
- Max-Delbrück-Centrum für Molekulare Medizin in der Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft (MDC), Robert-Rössle-Str. 10, 13125 Berlin-Buch, Germany
| | - Anja Schütz
- Max-Delbrück-Centrum für Molekulare Medizin in der Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft (MDC), Robert-Rössle-Str. 10, 13125 Berlin-Buch, Germany
| | - Maik Grohmann
- Max-Delbrück-Centrum für Molekulare Medizin in der Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft (MDC), Robert-Rössle-Str. 10, 13125 Berlin-Buch, Germany
| | - Natalia Alenina
- Max-Delbrück-Centrum für Molekulare Medizin in der Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft (MDC), Robert-Rössle-Str. 10, 13125 Berlin-Buch, Germany.,German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Berlin, Potsdamer Str. 58, 10785 Berlin, Germany
| | - Dirk Pleimes
- SCINSPIRE Holding & Consulting GmbH, Dunckerstr. 25, 10437 Berlin, Germany
| | - Keven Mallow
- Chemical Biology Platform, Leibniz-Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP), Robert-Rössle-Str.10, 13125 Berlin-Buch, Germany
| | - Martin Neuenschwander
- Chemical Biology Platform, Leibniz-Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP), Robert-Rössle-Str.10, 13125 Berlin-Buch, Germany
| | - Angelina Gogolin
- Chemical Biology Platform, Leibniz-Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP), Robert-Rössle-Str.10, 13125 Berlin-Buch, Germany.,Berliner Hochschule für Technik (BHT), Luxemburger Str. 10, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Marie Weise
- Chemical Biology Platform, Leibniz-Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP), Robert-Rössle-Str.10, 13125 Berlin-Buch, Germany.,Berliner Hochschule für Technik (BHT), Luxemburger Str. 10, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Jochen Pfeifer
- Berliner Hochschule für Technik (BHT), Luxemburger Str. 10, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Nandor Ziebart
- Chemical Biology Platform, Leibniz-Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP), Robert-Rössle-Str.10, 13125 Berlin-Buch, Germany.,Freie Universität Berlin, Chemistry and Biochemistry Institute, Takustr. 3, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Udo Heinemann
- Max-Delbrück-Centrum für Molekulare Medizin in der Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft (MDC), Robert-Rössle-Str. 10, 13125 Berlin-Buch, Germany.,Freie Universität Berlin, Chemistry and Biochemistry Institute, Takustr. 3, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Jens Peter von Kries
- Chemical Biology Platform, Leibniz-Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP), Robert-Rössle-Str.10, 13125 Berlin-Buch, Germany
| | - Marc Nazaré
- Chemical Biology Platform, Leibniz-Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP), Robert-Rössle-Str.10, 13125 Berlin-Buch, Germany
| | - Michael Bader
- Max-Delbrück-Centrum für Molekulare Medizin in der Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft (MDC), Robert-Rössle-Str. 10, 13125 Berlin-Buch, Germany.,German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Berlin, Potsdamer Str. 58, 10785 Berlin, Germany.,University of Lübeck, Institute for Biology, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23562 Lübeck, Germany.,Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany
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11
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Gama JFG, Cardoso LMDF, Bisaggio RDC, Lagrota-Candido J, Henriques-Pons A, Alves LA. Immunological Tolerance in Liver Transplant Recipients: Putative Involvement of Neuroendocrine-Immune Interactions. Cells 2022; 11:cells11152327. [PMID: 35954171 PMCID: PMC9367574 DOI: 10.3390/cells11152327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2022] [Revised: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The transplantation world changed significantly following the introduction of immunosuppressants, with millions of people saved. Several physicians have noted that liver recipients that do not take their medication for different reasons became tolerant regarding kidney, heart, and lung transplantations at higher frequencies. Most studies have attempted to explain this phenomenon through unique immunological mechanisms and the fact that the hepatic environment is continuously exposed to high levels of pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) or non-pathogenic microorganism-associated molecular patterns (MAMPs) from commensal flora. These components are highly inflammatory in the periphery but tolerated in the liver as part of the normal components that arrive via the hepatic portal vein. These immunological mechanisms are discussed herein based on current evidence, although we hypothesize the participation of neuroendocrine-immune pathways, which have played a relevant role in autoimmune diseases. Cells found in the liver present receptors for several cytokines, hormones, peptides, and neurotransmitters that would allow for system crosstalk. Furthermore, the liver is innervated by the autonomic system and may, thus, be influenced by the parasympathetic and sympathetic systems. This review therefore seeks to discuss classical immunological hepatic tolerance mechanisms and hypothesizes the possible participation of the neuroendocrine-immune system based on the current literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaciara Fernanda Gomes Gama
- Laboratory of Cellular Communication, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Brazil Avenue, 4365-Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro 21045-900, Brazil; (J.F.G.G.); (L.M.d.F.C.)
- Laboratory of Immunopathology, Department of Immunobiology, Biology Institute, Federal Fluminense University (UFF), Gragoatá Bl-M Campus, Niterói 24210-200, Brazil;
| | - Liana Monteiro da Fonseca Cardoso
- Laboratory of Cellular Communication, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Brazil Avenue, 4365-Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro 21045-900, Brazil; (J.F.G.G.); (L.M.d.F.C.)
| | - Rodrigo da Cunha Bisaggio
- Department of Biotechnology, Federal Institute of Rio de Janeiro (IFRJ), Maracanã, Rio de Janeiro 20270-021, Brazil;
| | - Jussara Lagrota-Candido
- Laboratory of Immunopathology, Department of Immunobiology, Biology Institute, Federal Fluminense University (UFF), Gragoatá Bl-M Campus, Niterói 24210-200, Brazil;
| | - Andrea Henriques-Pons
- Laboratory of Innovations in Therapies, Education, and Bioproducts, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro 21041-361, Brazil;
| | - Luiz A. Alves
- Laboratory of Cellular Communication, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Brazil Avenue, 4365-Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro 21045-900, Brazil; (J.F.G.G.); (L.M.d.F.C.)
- Correspondence: or ; Tel.: +55-(21)-2562-1816 (ext. 1841)
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12
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Xu HC, Huang J, Pandyra AA, Pandey P, Wang R, Zhang Z, Zhuang Y, Gertzen CG, Münk C, Herebian D, Borkhardt A, Recher M, Gohlke H, Esposito I, Oberbarnscheidt M, Häussinger D, Lang KS, Lang PA. Single MHC-I Expression Promotes Virus-Induced Liver Immunopathology. Hepatol Commun 2022; 6:1620-1633. [PMID: 35166071 PMCID: PMC9234681 DOI: 10.1002/hep4.1913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Major histocompatibility complex I (MHC-I) molecules present epitopes on the cellular surface of antigen-presenting cells to prime cytotoxic clusters of differentiation 8 (CD8)+ T cells (CTLs), which then identify and eliminate other cells such as virus-infected cells bearing the antigen. Human hepatitis virus cohort studies have previously identified MHC-I molecules as promising predictors of viral clearance. However, the underlying functional significance of these predictions is not fully understood. Here, we show that expression of single MHC-I isomers promotes virus-induced liver immunopathology. Specifically, using the lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV) model system, we found MHC-I proteins to be highly up-regulated during infection. Deletion of one of the two MHC-I isomers histocompatibility antigen 2 (H2)-Db or H2-Kb in C57Bl/6 mice resulted in CTL activation recognizing the remaining MHC-I with LCMV epitopes in increased paucity. This increased CTL response resulted in hepatocyte death, increased caspase activation, and severe metabolic changes in liver tissue following infection with LCMV. Moreover, depletion of CTLs abolished LCMV-induced pathology in these mice with resulting viral persistence. In turn, natural killer (NK) cell depletion further increased antiviral CTL immunity and clearance of LCMV even in the presence of a single MHC-I isomer. Conclusion: Our results suggest that uniform MHC-I molecule expression promotes enhanced CTL immunity during viral infection and contributes to increased CTL-mediated liver cell damage that was alleviated by CD8 or NK cell depletion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haifeng C. Xu
- Department of Molecular Medicine II, Medical FacultyHeinrich Heine UniversityDüsseldorfGermany
| | - Jun Huang
- Department of Molecular Medicine II, Medical FacultyHeinrich Heine UniversityDüsseldorfGermany
| | - Aleksandra A. Pandyra
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Hematology and Clinical ImmunologyMedical FacultyCenter of Child and Adolescent HealthHeinrich‐Heine‐UniversityDüsseldorfGermany
| | - Piyush Pandey
- Department of Molecular Medicine II, Medical FacultyHeinrich Heine UniversityDüsseldorfGermany
| | - Ruifeng Wang
- Department of Molecular Medicine II, Medical FacultyHeinrich Heine UniversityDüsseldorfGermany
| | - Zeli Zhang
- Clinic for Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Infectious DiseasesMedical FacultyHeinrich Heine University DüsseldorfDüsseldorfGermany
| | - Yuan Zhuang
- Department of Molecular Medicine II, Medical FacultyHeinrich Heine UniversityDüsseldorfGermany
| | - Christoph G.W. Gertzen
- John von Neumann Institute for ComputingJülich Supercomputing CenterInstitute of Biological Information Processing (Structural Biochemistry) and Institute of Bio‐ and Geosciences (Bioinformatics)Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbHJülichGermany
- Institute for Pharmaceutical and Medicinal ChemistryHeinrich Heine University DüsseldorfDüsseldorfGermany
- Center for Structural StudiesHeinrich Heine University DüsseldorfDüsseldorfGermany
| | - Carsten Münk
- Clinic for Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Infectious DiseasesMedical FacultyHeinrich Heine University DüsseldorfDüsseldorfGermany
| | - Diran Herebian
- Department of General Pediatrics, Neonatology and Pediatric CardiologyMedical FacultyHeinrich‐Heine‐UniversityDüsseldorfGermany
| | - Arndt Borkhardt
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Hematology and Clinical ImmunologyMedical FacultyCenter of Child and Adolescent HealthHeinrich‐Heine‐UniversityDüsseldorfGermany
| | - Mike Recher
- Immunodeficiency ClinicMedical Outpatient Unit and Immunodeficiency LabDepartment BiomedicineBasel University HospitalBaselSwitzerland
| | - Holger Gohlke
- John von Neumann Institute for ComputingJülich Supercomputing CenterInstitute of Biological Information Processing (Structural Biochemistry) and Institute of Bio‐ and Geosciences (Bioinformatics)Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbHJülichGermany
- Institute for Pharmaceutical and Medicinal ChemistryHeinrich Heine University DüsseldorfDüsseldorfGermany
| | - Irene Esposito
- Institute of PathologyMedical FacultyHeinrich‐Heine University and University Hospital of DuesseldorfDüsseldorfGermany
| | | | - Dieter Häussinger
- Clinic for Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Infectious DiseasesMedical FacultyHeinrich Heine University DüsseldorfDüsseldorfGermany
| | - Karl S. Lang
- Institute of ImmunologyMedical FacultyUniversity of Duisburg‐EssenEssenGermany
| | - Philipp A. Lang
- Department of Molecular Medicine II, Medical FacultyHeinrich Heine UniversityDüsseldorfGermany
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13
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Bendas G, Schlesinger M. The GPIb-IX complex on platelets: insight into its novel physiological functions affecting immune surveillance, hepatic thrombopoietin generation, platelet clearance and its relevance for cancer development and metastasis. Exp Hematol Oncol 2022; 11:19. [PMID: 35366951 PMCID: PMC8976409 DOI: 10.1186/s40164-022-00273-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 03/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The glycoprotein (GP) Ib-IX complex is a platelet receptor that mediates the initial interaction with subendothelial von Willebrand factor (VWF) causing platelet arrest at sites of vascular injury even under conditions of high shear. GPIb-IX dysfunction or deficiency is the reason for the rare but severe Bernard-Soulier syndrome (BSS), a congenital bleeding disorder. Although knowledge on GPIb-IX structure, its basic functions, ligands, and intracellular signaling cascades have been well established, several advances in GPIb-IX biology have been made in the recent years. Thus, two mechanosensitive domains and a trigger sequence in GPIb were characterized and its role as a thrombin receptor was deciphered. Furthermore, it became clear that GPIb-IX is involved in the regulation of platelet production, clearance and thrombopoietin secretion. GPIb is deemed to contribute to liver cancer development and metastasis. This review recapitulates these novel findings highlighting GPIb-IX in its multiple functions as a key for immune regulation, host defense, and liver cancer development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerd Bendas
- Department of Pharmacy, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-University Bonn, An der Immenburg 4, 53121, Bonn, Germany
| | - Martin Schlesinger
- Department of Pharmacy, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-University Bonn, An der Immenburg 4, 53121, Bonn, Germany. .,Federal Institute for Drugs and Medical Devices (BfArM), Bonn, Germany.
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14
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Dalbeni A, Castelli M, Zoncapè M, Minuz P, Sacerdoti D. Platelets in Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:842636. [PMID: 35250588 PMCID: PMC8895200 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.842636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 02/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Non alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is the inflammatory reaction of the liver to excessive accumulation of lipids in the hepatocytes. NASH can progress to cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Fatty liver is the hepatic manifestation of metabolic syndrome. A subclinical inflammatory state is present in patients with metabolic alterations like insulin resistance, type-2 diabetes, obesity, hyperlipidemia, and hypertension. Platelets participate in immune cells recruitment and cytokines-induced liver damage. It is hypothesized that lipid toxicity cause accumulation of platelets in the liver, platelet adhesion and activation, which primes the immunoinflammatory reaction and activation of stellate cells. Recent data suggest that antiplatelet drugs may interrupt this cascade and prevent/improve NASH. They may also improve some metabolic alterations. The pathophysiology of inflammatory liver disease and the implication of platelets are discussed in details.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Dalbeni
- Division of General Medicine C, Department of Medicine, University and Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata of Verona, Verona, Italy
- Liver Unit, Department of Medicine, University and Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Marco Castelli
- Division of General Medicine C, Department of Medicine, University and Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Mirko Zoncapè
- Division of General Medicine C, Department of Medicine, University and Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata of Verona, Verona, Italy
- Liver Unit, Department of Medicine, University and Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Pietro Minuz
- Division of General Medicine C, Department of Medicine, University and Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata of Verona, Verona, Italy
- *Correspondence: Pietro Minuz,
| | - David Sacerdoti
- Liver Unit, Department of Medicine, University and Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata of Verona, Verona, Italy
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15
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Yi M, Feng X, Peng W, Teng F, Tang Y, Chen Z. Aspirin for the prevention of hepatocellular carcinoma: an updated meta-analysis with particular focus on patients with chronic liver disease. Eur J Clin Pharmacol 2022; 78:647-656. [PMID: 35032181 DOI: 10.1007/s00228-021-03247-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2021] [Accepted: 10/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies have suggested a chemoprotective effect of aspirin in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), but evidence is limited for patients with chronic liver disease (CLD). Thus, we performed a meta-analysis of all observational studies, and aimed to provide a comprehensive and quantitative understanding of this topic. METHODS The PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, Cochrane, and Web of Science databases were systematically searched until September 2021. We pooled the hazard ratio (HR) of HCC for aspirin use versus non-use and investigated the possible dose-risk and duration-risk associations. RESULTS Ten studies involving 202,567 CLD patients were enrolled in this study. The pooled results showed a significant reduction in HCC risk in aspirin users than in non-users (HR = 0.64; 95% CI = 0.54-0.77; pheterogeneity < 0.001; I2 = 84.9%). In subgroup analyses, an aspirin dose of 100 mg/day (0.56, 0.44-0.72) showed a significant protective effect against HCC than 160 mg/day. The linear model showed a significant inverse association between the duration of aspirin use and HCC risk (exb(b) = 0.92; 95% CI = 0.90-0.94); also, a non-linear model revealed a comparable association (coef1 = 0.80, p1 < 0.001; coef2 = 1.13, p2 = 0.001). No significantly higher risk of gastrointestinal bleeding of the aspirin-treated group was detected. CONCLUSIONS The present meta-analysis suggested a significant and duration-related association between reduced HCC risk and aspirin use in a broad at-risk population. Nevertheless, aspirin therapy applied to CLD patients should be carefully monitored, although there was no significantly higher risk of gastrointestinal bleeding. REGISTRATION PROSPERO, CRD42021229892.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengshi Yi
- Department of Hepatic Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Xi Feng
- Department of Hepatic Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Wei Peng
- Department of Hepatic Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Fei Teng
- Department of Hepatic Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Youyin Tang
- Department of Hepatic Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Zheyu Chen
- Department of Hepatic Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
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16
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Mauler M, Schanze N, Krauel K, Schoenichen C, Glatzki F, Poeschl S, Stallmann D, Mezger J, Gauchel N, Sharipova D, Rieder M, Hilgendorf I, Witsch T, Bode C, Duerschmied D. Peripheral serotonin lacks effects on endothelial adhesion molecule expression in acute inflammation. J Thromb Haemost 2022; 20:222-229. [PMID: 34592035 DOI: 10.1111/jth.15541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Revised: 09/15/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Peripheral, non-neuronal serotonin promotes the recruitment of neutrophils to sites of acute inflammation and tissue damage. Direct effects of serotonin on neutrophil function were shown to be involved. However, the influence of serotonin on the endothelial counterpart is unknown. OBJECTIVES To investigate whether serotonin alters the function of endothelial cells in leukocyte recruitment during acute inflammation. METHODS We used two murine models of acute inflammation: intraperitoneal lipopolysaccharide (LPS) injection and mesenteric ischemia/reperfusion injury (I/R). To study effects of peripheral serotonin, leukocyte recruitment and endothelial adhesion molecule expression were compared in wild type (WT) and tryptophan hydroxylase 1 deficient (Tph1-/- ) mice, which are unable to synthesize peripheral serotonin. RESULTS As expected, neutrophil transmigration into the peritoneal cavity following LPS injection was impaired in Tph1-/- mice. Abdominal blood vessels, however, showed no difference in adhesion molecule expression. In the early reperfusion phase after mesenteric I/R, the number of rolling leukocytes was significantly lower in Tph1-/- compared to WT. In line with the LPS model, endothelial adhesion molecule expression was independent of serotonin. In vitro experiments using human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) confirmed that serotonin does not affect endothelial adhesion molecules. CONCLUSIONS The inflammatory release of peripheral serotonin is dispensable for the regulation of endothelial adhesion molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maximilian Mauler
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology I, Heart Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Nancy Schanze
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology I, Heart Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Krystin Krauel
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology I, Heart Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Claudia Schoenichen
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology I, Heart Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Franziska Glatzki
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology I, Heart Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Susanna Poeschl
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology I, Heart Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Daniela Stallmann
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology I, Heart Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Julius Mezger
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology I, Heart Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Nadine Gauchel
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology I, Heart Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Department of Medicine III (Interdisciplinary Medical Intensive Care), Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Diana Sharipova
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology I, Heart Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Marina Rieder
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology I, Heart Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Department of Medicine III (Interdisciplinary Medical Intensive Care), Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Ingo Hilgendorf
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology I, Heart Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Department of Medicine III (Interdisciplinary Medical Intensive Care), Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Thilo Witsch
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology I, Heart Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Department of Medicine III (Interdisciplinary Medical Intensive Care), Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Christoph Bode
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology I, Heart Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Department of Medicine III (Interdisciplinary Medical Intensive Care), Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Daniel Duerschmied
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology I, Heart Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Department of Medicine III (Interdisciplinary Medical Intensive Care), Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
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17
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Feng YM, Chen TH, Berman D, Chou CK, Liao KS, Hsieh MC, Chen CY. Efficacy of Cyproheptadine Monotherapy in Hepatocellular Carcinoma With Bone Metastasis: A Case Report. Front Oncol 2021; 11:620212. [PMID: 34745929 PMCID: PMC8563693 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.620212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2020] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common causes of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Particularly, cases of bone metastasis have poorer prognoses. Case Presentation A 62-year-old woman with suspected advanced HCC accompanied by bone metastasis with severe back pain and sciatica showed disease remission after cyproheptadine monotherapy. Initially, her serum alpha fetal protein (AFP) level was high, reaching up to 17697.62 ng/ml. A dose of 4 mg cyproheptadine, 3 times a day for 17 months was prescribed as the only treatment. Within 3 months, the serum AFP level gradually normalized down to 4.3 ng/ml. Both liver biopsy and bone biopsies were subsequently performed after 2 weeks of cyproheptadine. The results showed no malignancy. During the 34 months of follow-ups, the serum AFP remained normal in the range of 1.05 to 2.86 ng/ml. The patient has survived for 5 years without back pain and sciatica thus far. Conclusions This is the first report to investigate a successful clinical approach in cyproheptadine monotherapy for an advanced HCC patient with bone metastasis. We recommend cyproheptadine as a potential anti-HCC agent for the treatment of HCC with bone metastasis, but more related studies such as prospectively clinical trials, and ideally randomized trials are still needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Min Feng
- Divisions of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Ditmanson Medical Foundation Chiayi Christian Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan.,Department of Internal Medicine, Ditmanson Medical Foundation Chiayi Christian Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - Tsung-Hsien Chen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Ditmanson Medical Foundation Chiayi Christian Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - Dara Berman
- Charles H. Dyson School of Applied Economics and Management, SC Johnson College of Business, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, United States
| | - Chu-Kuang Chou
- Divisions of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Ditmanson Medical Foundation Chiayi Christian Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan.,Department of Internal Medicine, Ditmanson Medical Foundation Chiayi Christian Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan.,Clinical Trial Center, Ditmanson Medical Foundation Chiayi Christian Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - Kai-Sheng Liao
- Department of Nursing, Chung-Jen Junior College of Nursing, Health Sciences and Management, Chiayi, Taiwan.,Department of Pathology, Ditmanson Medical Foundation Chiayi Christian Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Chih Hsieh
- Department of Radiology, Ditmanson Medical Foundation Chiayi Christian Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Yi Chen
- Divisions of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Ditmanson Medical Foundation Chiayi Christian Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan.,Department of Internal Medicine, Ditmanson Medical Foundation Chiayi Christian Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan
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18
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The Lactate-to-Platelet Ratio: A Novel Predictor for Short-Term Early Allograft Failure After Liver Transplantation. Transplant Proc 2021; 53:2993-2999. [PMID: 34756715 DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2021.09.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2021] [Accepted: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Early allograft dysfunction (EAD) is a criterion to evaluate initial graft dysfunction associated with inferior graft survival and postoperative complications after liver transplantation (LT). This study defined the lactate-to-platelet ratio (LPR) as lactate level immediately post-LT/platelet count on postoperative day 1 and evaluated its association with EAD and short-term graft failure. MATERIALS AND METHODS This study reviewed 434 deceased-donor LTs from individuals with confirmed brain death between January 2008 and December 2014. The area under the curve (AUC) was used to compare the predictive capacity for 3-month graft survival between EAD and the LPR. Along with LPR, the risk factors for 3-month graft failure were analyzed by multivariate analysis. RESULTS EAD was reported in 127 patients (31%). The LPR in patients with EAD was significantly higher than that in patients without EAD (9.8 vs 5.9, P < .001). In the multivariate analysis, both the LPR (per 1.0 increase) and EAD were independent risk factors for 3-month graft failure (hazard ratio [HR] =1.03, P = .03; and HR = 9.14, P = .001). The comparison of the AUCs between the LPR and EAD showed no significant difference (0.79 vs 0.78, P = .84), whereas the combination of EAD and LPR had a better predictive capacity than EAD alone (0.86 vs 0.78, P < .001). The LPR showed an inverse relationship for predicting 3-month graft survival. CONCLUSIONS The LPR is a continuous parameter that enables prediction of initial graft function and estimation of the 3-month graft failure rate with the advantages of early availability and simple calculations.
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19
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Effect of microbiota metabolites on the progression of chronic hepatitis B virus infection. Hepatol Int 2021; 15:1053-1067. [PMID: 34596865 DOI: 10.1007/s12072-021-10230-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Accepted: 07/01/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Accumulating evidence shows that the intestinal microbiota is closely related to the pathophysiology and the disease progression of chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. The intestinal microbiota acts on the host through its metabolites. This review aimed to discuss the effects of gut microbiota metabolites on the disease progression of chronic HBV infection. A literature search on PubMed database and Wiley Online Library with pre-specified criteria yielded 96 unique results. After consensus by all authors, the contents from 86 original publications were extracted and included in this review. In liver disease with HBV infection, the intestinal microbiota changed in different stages and affected the production of bacterial metabolites. The abundance of bacteria producing short-chain fatty acids such as butyrate reduced, which was associated with bacterial translocation and the progression of liver disease. The intestinal microbiota-bile acid-host axis was destroyed, affecting the progression of the disease. Under the control of intestinal microbiota, tryptophan affected the gut-liver axis through three main metabolic pathways, among which the kynurenine pathway was closely related to the immune response of hepatitis B. The level of trimethylamine-N-oxide decreased in liver cancer with HBV infection and were used as a potential biomarker of liver cancer. Vitamin deficiencies, including those of vitamin D and vitamin A related to microbiota, were common and associated with survival. Hydrogen sulfide regulated by the intestinal microbiota was also closely related to the gut-liver axis. In liver disease with hepatitis B infection, the intestinal microbiota is imbalanced, and a variety of intestinal microbiota metabolites participate in the occurrence and development of the disease.
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Schneider MA, Heeb L, Beffinger MM, Pantelyushin S, Linecker M, Roth L, Lehmann K, Ungethüm U, Kobold S, Graf R, van den Broek M, Vom Berg J, Gupta A, Clavien PA. Attenuation of peripheral serotonin inhibits tumor growth and enhances immune checkpoint blockade therapy in murine tumor models. Sci Transl Med 2021; 13:eabc8188. [PMID: 34524861 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.abc8188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
[Figure: see text].
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcel André Schneider
- Laboratory of the Swiss Hepato-Pancreatico-Biliary (HPB) and Transplantation Centre, Department of Surgery, University Hospital and University of Zürich, Raemistrasse 100, CH-8091 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Laura Heeb
- Laboratory of the Swiss Hepato-Pancreatico-Biliary (HPB) and Transplantation Centre, Department of Surgery, University Hospital and University of Zürich, Raemistrasse 100, CH-8091 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Michal Mateusz Beffinger
- Institute of Laboratory Animal Science, University of Zürich, Wagistrasse 12, CH-8952 Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Stanislav Pantelyushin
- Institute of Laboratory Animal Science, University of Zürich, Wagistrasse 12, CH-8952 Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Michael Linecker
- Laboratory of the Swiss Hepato-Pancreatico-Biliary (HPB) and Transplantation Centre, Department of Surgery, University Hospital and University of Zürich, Raemistrasse 100, CH-8091 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Lilian Roth
- Laboratory of the Swiss Hepato-Pancreatico-Biliary (HPB) and Transplantation Centre, Department of Surgery, University Hospital and University of Zürich, Raemistrasse 100, CH-8091 Zürich, Switzerland.,Surgical Oncology Research Laboratory, Department of Surgery, University Hospital and University of Zürich, Raemistrasse 100, CH-8091 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Kuno Lehmann
- Surgical Oncology Research Laboratory, Department of Surgery, University Hospital and University of Zürich, Raemistrasse 100, CH-8091 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Udo Ungethüm
- Laboratory of the Swiss Hepato-Pancreatico-Biliary (HPB) and Transplantation Centre, Department of Surgery, University Hospital and University of Zürich, Raemistrasse 100, CH-8091 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Sebastian Kobold
- Center of Integrated Protein Science Munich (CIPS-M) and Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Medicine IV, Klinikum der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Lindwurmstrasse 2a, D-80337 Munich, Germany.,German Center for Translational Cancer Research (DKTK), partner site Munich, Pettenkoferstr. 8a, D-80336 Munich, Germany
| | - Rolf Graf
- Laboratory of the Swiss Hepato-Pancreatico-Biliary (HPB) and Transplantation Centre, Department of Surgery, University Hospital and University of Zürich, Raemistrasse 100, CH-8091 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Maries van den Broek
- Institute of Experimental Immunology, University of Zürich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH-8057 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Johannes Vom Berg
- Institute of Laboratory Animal Science, University of Zürich, Wagistrasse 12, CH-8952 Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Anurag Gupta
- Laboratory of the Swiss Hepato-Pancreatico-Biliary (HPB) and Transplantation Centre, Department of Surgery, University Hospital and University of Zürich, Raemistrasse 100, CH-8091 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Pierre-Alain Clavien
- Laboratory of the Swiss Hepato-Pancreatico-Biliary (HPB) and Transplantation Centre, Department of Surgery, University Hospital and University of Zürich, Raemistrasse 100, CH-8091 Zürich, Switzerland
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21
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Mordhorst A, Dhandapani P, Matthes S, Mosienko V, Rothe M, Todiras M, Self J, Schunck WH, Schütz A, Bader M, Alenina N. Phenylalanine hydroxylase contributes to serotonin synthesis in mice. FASEB J 2021; 35:e21648. [PMID: 33993565 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202100366r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2021] [Revised: 04/11/2021] [Accepted: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Serotonin is an important signaling molecule in the periphery and in the brain. The hydroxylation of tryptophan is the first and rate-limiting step of its synthesis. In most vertebrates, two enzymes have been described to catalyze this step, tryptophan hydroxylase (TPH) 1 and 2, with expression localized to peripheral and neuronal cells, respectively. However, animals lacking both TPH isoforms still exhibit about 10% of normal serotonin levels in the blood demanding an additional source of the monoamine. In this study, we provide evidence by the gain and loss of function approaches in in vitro and in vivo systems, including stable-isotope tracing in mice, that phenylalanine hydroxylase (PAH) is a third TPH in mammals. PAH contributes to serotonin levels in the blood, and may be important as a local source of serotonin in organs in which no other TPHs are expressed, such as liver and kidney.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Mordhorst
- Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), Berlin, Germany.,German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,Charite - University Medicine, Berlin, Germany
| | - Priyavathi Dhandapani
- Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), Berlin, Germany
| | - Susann Matthes
- Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), Berlin, Germany
| | - Valentina Mosienko
- Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Mihail Todiras
- Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), Berlin, Germany.,Nicolae Testemiţanu State University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Chișinău, Moldova
| | - Julie Self
- Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), Berlin, Germany
| | - Wolf-Hagen Schunck
- Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), Berlin, Germany
| | - Anja Schütz
- Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), Berlin, Germany
| | - Michael Bader
- Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), Berlin, Germany.,German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,Charite - University Medicine, Berlin, Germany.,Institute for Biology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Natalia Alenina
- Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), Berlin, Germany.,German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,Institute of Translational Biomedicine, St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, Russia.,Institute of Cytology, Russian Academy of Science, St. Petersburg, Russia
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22
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Koofy NE, Yassin N, Okasha S, William H, Elakel W, Elshiwy Y. Evaluation of the role of bile acids and serotonin as markers of pruritus in children with chronic cholestatic liver disease. Arab J Gastroenterol 2021; 22:199-202. [PMID: 34090830 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajg.2021.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2020] [Revised: 03/15/2021] [Accepted: 04/08/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND STUDY AIMS Pruritus is an annoying symptom with an unclear pathogenesis accompanied by chronic cholestasis. This cross-sectional study was conducted to define the relationship between serum levels of presumed pruritogens (bile acids (BAs) and serotonin) and severity of pruritus in pediatric patients with chronic cholestatic liver disease. PATIENTS AND METHODS A total of 28 children suffering from pruritus due to chronic cholestatic liver disease and 29 age- and sex-matched healthy control subjects were examined. Scores obtained used the 5-D itch scale were evaluated among patients. Serum levels of BAs and serotonin were determined using enzymatic assays and high-performance liquid chromatography, respectively. RESULTS Patients had higher serum BA levels and lower serotonin levels than control subjects. Serum BA levels were significantly elevated in 61% of patients. The 5-D itch scale scores were significantly higher in cholestatic individuals with normal γ-glutamyl transpeptidase levels. Neither BA nor serotonin levels correlated with the severity of the 5-Ditch scale score. CONCLUSION Neither BA nor serotonin levels correlated with the severity of pruritus, indicating that they may not be good laboratory markers for the intensity of itch in children with cholestasis. Our findings suggest that it is necessary to identify another potential pruritogenic mediator, most probably of a biliary origin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nehal El Koofy
- Cairo University, Department of Pediatrics, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Noha Yassin
- Cairo University, Department of Pediatrics, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Sawsan Okasha
- Cairo University, Department of Pediatrics, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Hany William
- Cairo University, Department Clinical & Chemical Pathology, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Wafaa Elakel
- Cairo University, Endemic Medicine & Hepatology Department, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Yasmine Elshiwy
- Cairo University, Department Clinical & Chemical Pathology, Cairo, Egypt.
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23
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Li D, Xie P, Zhao S, Zhao J, Yao Y, Zhao Y, Ren G, Liu X. Hepatocytes derived increased SAA1 promotes intrahepatic platelet aggregation and aggravates liver inflammation in NAFLD. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2021; 555:54-60. [PMID: 33813276 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2021.02.124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Accepted: 02/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the pathological manifestation of metabolic syndrome in liver. Its pathological changes may evolve from the initial simple steatosis to non-alcoholic steatohepatitis, liver fibrosis and even liver cancer. Numerous studies have proved that platelets play a vital role in liver disease and homeostasis. Particularly, anti-platelet therapy can reduce intrahepatic platelet aggregation and improve the inflammation of fatty liver. Previous study has also confirmed that SAA is a gene closely related to high-fat diet (HFD) induced obesity, and SAA1 can promote liver insulin resistance induced by Palmitate or HFD. Here, we found that SAA1 treated platelets presented increased sensitivity of platelet aggregation, enhanced activation and increased adhesion ability, and such function was partly dependent on Toll-Like Receptor (TLR) 2 signaling. In addition, blocking SAA1 expression in vivo not only inhibited platelet aggregation in the liver tissues of NAFLD mice, but also alleviated the inflammation of fatty liver. In conclusion, our findings identify that HFD-induced hepatic overexpressed SAA1 aggravates fatty liver inflammation by promoting intrahepatic platelet aggregation, these results also imply that SAA1 may serve as a potential target for ameliorating NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daoyuan Li
- Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou province, PR China; Department of Ophthalmology, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou province, PR China
| | - Ping Xie
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou province, PR China
| | - Su Zhao
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou province, PR China
| | - Jing Zhao
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou province, PR China
| | - Yucheng Yao
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou province, PR China
| | - Yan Zhao
- Department of Ophthalmology, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang, Guizhou province, PR China
| | - Guangbing Ren
- Department of Ophthalmology, Panzhou People's Hospital, Panzhou, Guizhou province, PR China
| | - Xingde Liu
- Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou province, PR China; Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, Guizhou province, PR China.
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24
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Slow viral propagation during initial phase of infection leads to viral persistence in mice. Commun Biol 2021; 4:508. [PMID: 33927339 PMCID: PMC8084999 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-021-02028-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2020] [Accepted: 03/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Immune evasion of pathogens can modify the course of infection and impact viral persistence and pathology. Here, using different strains of the lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV) model system, we show that slower propagation results in limited type I interferon (IFN-I) production and viral persistence. Specifically, cells infected with LCMV-Docile exhibited reduced viral replication when compared to LCMV-WE and as a consequence, infection with LCMV-Docile resulted in reduced activation of bone marrow derived dendritic cells (BMDCs) and IFN-I production in vitro in comparison with LCMV-WE. In vivo, we observed a reduction of IFN-I, T cell exhaustion and viral persistence following infection of LCMV-Docile but not LCMV-WE. Mechanistically, block of intracellular protein transport uncovered reduced propagation of LCMV-Docile when compared to LCMV-WE. This reduced propagation was critical in blunting the activation of the innate and adaptive immune system. When mice were simultaneously infected with LCMV-Docile and LCMV-WE, immune function was restored and IFN-I production, T cell effector functions as well as viral loads were similar to that of mice infected with LCMV-WE alone. Taken together, this study suggests that reduced viral propagation can result in immune evasion and viral persistence. Using different strains of the lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV), Xu, Wang et al. show that a slow viral propagation limits type I interferon (IFN-I) production and viral persistence in mice. This study suggests a reduced viral propagation as a mechanism for immune evasion and viral persistence.
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25
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The role of Sphingomyelin synthase 2 (SMS2) in platelet activation and its clinical significance. Thromb J 2021; 19:27. [PMID: 33910580 PMCID: PMC8082820 DOI: 10.1186/s12959-021-00282-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2021] [Accepted: 04/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Sphingomyelin (SM) is an essential component of biological lipid rafts, and it plays an indispensable role in maintaining plasma membrane stability and in mediating signal transduction. The ultimate biosynthesis of SM is catalyzed by two sphingomyelin synthases (SMSs) namely SMS1 and SMS2, which are selectively distributed in the trans-Golgi apparatus and the plasma membrane. It has been demonstrated that SMS2 acts as an irreplaceable molecule in the regulation of transmembrane signaling, and loss of SMS2 has been reported to worsen atherosclerosis and liver steatosis. However, the function of SMS2 in platelet activation and its association with the pathological process of thrombosis in acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and portal hypertension (PH) remain unclear. Methods In this study, we tested the role of SMS2 in platelet activation and thrombosis using SMS2 knockout (SMS2 –/–) mice and SMS2-specific inhibitor, D609. Furthermore, we detected SMS2 expression in patients with ACS and PH. Results SMS2 –/– platelets showed significant reduction in platelet aggregation, spreading, clot retraction and in vivo thrombosis. Similar inhibitory effects on platelet activation were detected in D609-treated wild-type platelets. PLCγ/PI3K/Akt signaling pathway was inhibited in SMS2 –/– platelets and D609-treated wild-type platelets. In addition, we discovered that platelet SMS2 expression was remarkably increased in patients with ACS and PH, compared with healthy subjects. Conclusions Our study indicates that SMS2 acts as a positive regulator of platelet activation and thrombosis, and provides a theoretical basis for the potential use of D609 in anti-thrombosis treatment. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12959-021-00282-x.
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26
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Till Death Do Us Part-The Multifaceted Role of Platelets in Liver Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22063113. [PMID: 33803718 PMCID: PMC8003150 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22063113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Revised: 03/09/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Platelets are tightly connected with the liver, as both their production and their clearance are mediated by the liver. Platelets, in return, participate in a variety of liver diseases, ranging from non-alcoholic fatty liver diseases, (viral) hepatitis, liver fibrosis and hepatocellular carcinoma to liver regeneration. Due to their versatile functions, which include (1) regulation of hemostasis, (2) fine-tuning of immune responses and (3) release of growth factors and cellular mediators, platelets quickly adapt to environmental changes and modulate disease development, leading to different layers of complexity. Depending on the (patho)physiological context, platelets exert both beneficial and detrimental functions. Understanding the precise mechanisms through which platelet function is regulated at different stages of liver diseases and how platelets interact with various resident and non-resident liver cells helps to draw a clear picture of platelet-related therapeutic interventions. Therefore, this review summarizes the current knowledge on platelets in acute and chronic liver diseases and aims to shed light on how the smallest cells in the circulatory system account for changes in the (patho)physiology of the second largest organ in the human body.
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27
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Chen Y, Pu Q, Ma Y, Zhang H, Ye T, Zhao C, Huang X, Ren Y, Qiao L, Liu HM, Esmon CT, Ding BS, Cao Z. Aging Reprograms the Hematopoietic-Vascular Niche to Impede Regeneration and Promote Fibrosis. Cell Metab 2021; 33:395-410.e4. [PMID: 33357457 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2020.11.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2019] [Revised: 09/23/2020] [Accepted: 11/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Regenerative capacity is frequently impaired in aged organs. Stress to aged organs often causes scar formation (fibrosis) at the expense of regeneration. It remains to be defined how hematopoietic and vascular cells contribute to aging-induced regeneration to fibrotic transition. Here, we find that aging aberrantly reprograms the crosstalk between hematopoietic and vascular cells to impede the regenerative capacity and enhance fibrosis. In aged lung, liver, and kidney, induction of Neuropilin-1/hypoxia-inducible-factor 2α (HIF2α) suppresses anti-thrombotic and anti-inflammatory endothelial protein C receptor (EPCR) pathway, leading to formation of pro-fibrotic platelet-macrophage rosette. Activated platelets via supplying interleukin 1α synergize with endothelial-produced angiocrine chemokine to recruit fibrogenic TIMP1high macrophages. In mouse models, genetic targeting of endothelial Neuropilin-1-HIF2α, platelet interleukin 1α, or macrophage TIMP1 normalized the pro-fibrotic hematopoietic-vascular niche and restored the regenerative capacity of old organs. Targeting of aberrant endothelial node molecules might help propel "regeneration without scarring" in the repair of multiple organs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yutian Chen
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects of MOE, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Qiang Pu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Frontier Center of Disease Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yongyuan Ma
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects of MOE, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Hua Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects of MOE, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Tinghong Ye
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects of MOE, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Chengjian Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects of MOE, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Xiaojuan Huang
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects of MOE, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yafeng Ren
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects of MOE, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Lina Qiao
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects of MOE, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Han-Min Liu
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects of MOE, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Charles T Esmon
- Coagulation Biology Laboratory, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
| | - Bi-Sen Ding
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects of MOE, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; Fibrosis Research Center, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Division of Regenerative Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Zhongwei Cao
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects of MOE, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
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28
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Jiang Q, Mao R, Wu J, Chang L, Zhu H, Zhang G, Ding Z, Zhang J. Platelet activation during chronic hepatitis B infection exacerbates liver inflammation and promotes fibrosis. J Med Virol 2020; 92:3319-3326. [PMID: 31769518 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.25641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2019] [Accepted: 11/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Recurrent hepatitis activity during chronic hepatitis B virus infection results in fibrosis and even hepatocellular carcinoma. It is still unclear what causes acute exacerbation. As platelets have recently been identified as a significant role in inflammation, we here investigated the role of platelets in mediating liver damage in patients with chronic hepatitis B virus infection. Platelet aggregation testing and flow cytometry were carried out to evaluate platelet activation status in 121 patients chronically infected with hepatitis B across different phases of the condition. The correlation between platelet aggregation rate and liver inflammation or liver fibrosis index was evaluated. To investigate the genesis of platelet activation, several serum cytokines were also assessed by MILLIPLEX microsphere-based multiplex cytokine assay. Active hepatitis patients showed a higher aggregation rate than others. Levels of CD62p, a marker of platelet activation, were also increased in this group of patients. Positive correlations between platelet aggregation rate and liver inflammation or liver fibrosis were also noted, indicating a significant role of platelet in the progression of liver disease. The level of tumor necrosis factor-alpha, which is known to trigger platelet activation, was markedly higher in the active hepatitis group (P < .005). Based on the findings in our study, platelet activation plays a vital role in the progression of chronic hepatitis B virus infection. Antiplatelet therapy may provide a new means of hepatitis B infection treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qirong Jiang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Richeng Mao
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jingwen Wu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lin Chang
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine, Ministry of Education, and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Haoxiang Zhu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ge Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine, Ministry of Education, and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhongren Ding
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine, Ministry of Education, and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiming Zhang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Jing'An District Centre Hospital of Shanghai, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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29
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Yang Y, Wang MC, Tian T, Huang J, Yuan SX, Liu L, Zhu P, Gu FM, Fu SY, Jiang BG, Liu FC, Pan ZY, Zhou WP. A High Preoperative Platelet-Lymphocyte Ratio Is a Negative Predictor of Survival After Liver Resection for Hepatitis B Virus-Related Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Retrospective Study. Front Oncol 2020; 10:576205. [PMID: 33178607 PMCID: PMC7597590 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.576205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2020] [Accepted: 09/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: To evaluate the importance of preoperative blood platelet to lymphocyte ratio (PLR) in patients with hepatitis B virus (HBV)-related hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) after liver surgery and to examine the connection with CD8+ lymph cell infiltration. Methods: Between 2009 and 2014, consecutive HCC patients who received curative liver surgery were included into this retrospective study. Baseline clinicopathological characteristics were analyzed to identify predictors of recurrence-free and overall patient survival rate after liver resection. The samples of all patients were under Tissue Microarray (TMA) construction and immunohistochemical staining for CD8+.The association of the number of CD8+T-cells in the cancer nests and peritumoral stroma with PLR level was analyzed. Results: A total of 1,174 HBV-related HCC patients who received a liver resection without any peri-operative adjuvant therapy were enrolled into this retrospective study. Univariate and Multivariate analysis using Cox regression model showed that PLR was an independent factor affecting recurrence and overall survivals. The optimal cutoff of PLR using the receiver operating characteristic curve was 150. There were 236 patients (20.1%) who had a PLR of 150 or more. The 5-year survival rate after liver resection was 71.8% in patients with a PLR of < 150 and it was 57.2% in those with a PLR of 150 or more (P < 0.001). Both 5-year recurrence-free and overall survival rates in liver cancer stage A patients at Barcelona Clinic with different PLR group were also significantly different (P = 0.007 for recurrence and P = 0.001 for overall survival). Similar results were also observed in stage B patients (P < 0.001 for recurrence and P = 0.033 for overall survival). To determine the association between PLR and the severity of liver inflammation, an immuno-histological examination using CD8+ staining was performed on the liver specimens of 1,174 patients. Compared with low PLR (<150) group, more CD8+T-cells were found in the peritumoral tissue in high PLR (≥ 150) group. Conclusions: PLR played as an independent factor for predicting the survival after hepatectomy for HCC patients. A high PLR was associated with an accumulation of CD8+ T-cells in the peritumoral stroma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Yang
- Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | | | - Tao Tian
- Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Jian Huang
- Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | | | - Lei Liu
- Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Peng Zhu
- Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Fang-Ming Gu
- Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Si-Yuan Fu
- Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Bei-Ge Jiang
- Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Fu-Chen Liu
- Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Ze-Ya Pan
- Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei-Ping Zhou
- Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Shanghai, China
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Gotlieb N, Schwartz N, Zelber-Sagi S, Chodick G, Shalev V, Shibolet O. Longitudinal decrease in platelet counts as a surrogate marker of liver fibrosis. World J Gastroenterol 2020; 26:5849-5862. [PMID: 33132639 PMCID: PMC7579756 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v26.i38.5849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2020] [Revised: 06/10/2020] [Accepted: 08/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Liver cirrhosis is a significant source of morbidity and mortality worldwide. The disease is usually indolent and asymptomatic early in its course while many cirrhotic patients are diagnosed late when severe complications occur. A major challenge is to diagnose advanced fibrosis as early as possible, using simple and non-invasive diagnostics tools. Thrombocytopenia represents advanced fibrosis and portal hypertension (HTN) and most non-invasive scores that predict liver fibrosis incorporate platelets as a strong risk factor. However, little is known about the association between longitudinal changes in platelet counts (PTC), when still within the normal range, and the risk of cirrhosis.
AIM To explore whether platelet counts trajectories over time, can predict advanced liver fibrosis across the different etiologies of liver diseases.
METHODS A nested case-control study utilizing a large computerized database. Cirrhosis cases (n = 5258) were compared to controls (n = 15744) matched for age and sex at a ratio of 1:3. All participants had multiple laboratory measurements prior to enrollment. We calculated the trends of PTC, liver enzymes, bilirubin, international normalized ratio, albumin and fibrosis scores (fibrosis-4 and aspartate transaminase-to-platelet ratio index) throughout the preceding 20 years prior to cirrhosis diagnosis compared to healthy controls. The association between PTC, cirrhosis complications and fibrosis scores prior to cirrhosis diagnosis was investigated.
RESULTS The mean age in both groups was 56 (SD 15.8). Cirrhotic patients were more likely to be smokers, diabetic with chronic kidney disease and had a higher prevalence of HTN. The leading cirrhosis etiologies were viral, alcoholic and fatty liver disease. The mean PTC decreased from 240000/μL to 190000/μL up to 15 years prior to cirrhosis diagnosis compared to controls who’s PTC remained stable around the values of 240000/μL. This trend was consistent regardless of sex, cirrhosis etiology and was more pronounced in patients who developed varices and ascites. Compared to controls whose values remained in the normal range, in the cirrhosis group aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase, increased from 40 U/L to 75 U/L and FIB-4 increased gradually from 1.3 to 3 prior to cirrhosis diagnosis. In multivariable regression analysis, a decrease of 50 units in PTC was associated with 1.3 times odds of cirrhosis (95%CI 1.25-1.35).
CONCLUSION In the preceding years before the diagnosis of cirrhosis, there is a progressive decline in PTC, within the normal range, matched to a gradual increase in fibrosis scores.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neta Gotlieb
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv 6423906, Israel
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
| | - Naama Schwartz
- School of Public Health, University of Haifa, Haifa 3498838, Israel
| | - Shira Zelber-Sagi
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv 6423906, Israel
- School of Public Health, University of Haifa, Haifa 3498838, Israel
| | - Gabriel Chodick
- Institute for Research and Innovation, Maccabi Health Services, Tel Aviv 6812509, Israel
| | - Varda Shalev
- Institute for Research and Innovation, Maccabi Health Services, Tel Aviv 6812509, Israel
| | - Oren Shibolet
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv 6423906, Israel
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
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31
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Chen H, Chen X, Wang G. Platelets: A review of their function and effects in liver diseases. LIVER RESEARCH 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.livres.2020.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
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32
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Marcoux G, Laroche A, Espinoza Romero J, Boilard E. Role of platelets and megakaryocytes in adaptive immunity. Platelets 2020; 32:340-351. [PMID: 32597341 DOI: 10.1080/09537104.2020.1786043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The immune system is comprised of two principal interconnected components called innate and adaptive immunity. While the innate immune system mounts a nonspecific response that provides protection against the spread of foreign pathogens, the adaptive immune system has developed to specifically recognize a given pathogen and lead to immunological memory. Platelets are small fragments produced from megakaryocytes in bone marrow and lungs. They circulate throughout the blood to monitor the integrity of the vasculature and to prevent bleeding. Given their large repertoire of immune receptors and inflammatory molecules, platelets and megakaryocytes can contribute to both innate and adaptive immunity. In adaptive immunity, platelets and megakaryocytes can process and present antigens to lymphocytes. Moreover, platelets, via FcγRIIA, rapidly respond to pathogens in an immune host when antibodies are present. This manuscript reviews the reported contributions of platelets and megakaryocytes with emphasis on antigen presentation and antibody response in adaptive immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Genevieve Marcoux
- Axe Maladies Infectieuses et Inflammatoires, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada.,Département de Microbiologie-infectiologie et D'immunologie and Centre ARThrite, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada.,Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunity, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Audrée Laroche
- Axe Maladies Infectieuses et Inflammatoires, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada.,Département de Microbiologie-infectiologie et D'immunologie and Centre ARThrite, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada.,Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunity, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Jenifer Espinoza Romero
- Axe Maladies Infectieuses et Inflammatoires, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada.,Département de Microbiologie-infectiologie et D'immunologie and Centre ARThrite, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada.,Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunity, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Eric Boilard
- Axe Maladies Infectieuses et Inflammatoires, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada.,Département de Microbiologie-infectiologie et D'immunologie and Centre ARThrite, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada.,Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunity, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec, Québec, QC, Canada
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Namineni S, O'Connor T, Faure-Dupuy S, Johansen P, Riedl T, Liu K, Xu H, Singh I, Shinde P, Li F, Pandyra A, Sharma P, Ringelhan M, Muschaweckh A, Borst K, Blank P, Lampl S, Neuhaus K, Durantel D, Farhat R, Weber A, Lenggenhager D, Kündig TM, Staeheli P, Protzer U, Wohlleber D, Holzmann B, Binder M, Breuhahn K, Assmus LM, Nattermann J, Abdullah Z, Rolland M, Dejardin E, Lang PA, Lang KS, Karin M, Lucifora J, Kalinke U, Knolle PA, Heikenwalder M. A dual role for hepatocyte-intrinsic canonical NF-κB signaling in virus control. J Hepatol 2020; 72:960-975. [PMID: 31954207 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhep.2019.12.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2019] [Revised: 12/02/2019] [Accepted: 12/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Hepatic innate immune control of viral infections has largely been attributed to Kupffer cells, the liver-resident macrophages. However, hepatocytes, the parenchymal cells of the liver, also possess potent immunological functions in addition to their known metabolic functions. Owing to their abundance in the liver and known immunological functions, we aimed to investigate the direct antiviral mechanisms employed by hepatocytes. METHODS Using lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV) as a model of liver infection, we first assessed the role of myeloid cells by depletion prior to infection. We investigated the role of hepatocyte-intrinsic innate immune signaling by infecting mice lacking canonical NF-κB signaling (IkkβΔHep) specifically in hepatocytes. In addition, mice lacking hepatocyte-specific interferon-α/β signaling-(IfnarΔHep), or interferon-α/β signaling in myeloid cells-(IfnarΔMyel) were infected. RESULTS Here, we demonstrate that LCMV activates NF-κB signaling in hepatocytes. LCMV-triggered NF-κB activation in hepatocytes did not depend on Kupffer cells or TNFR1 signaling but rather on Toll-like receptor signaling. LCMV-infected IkkβΔHep livers displayed strongly elevated viral titers due to LCMV accumulation within hepatocytes, reduced interferon-stimulated gene (ISG) expression, delayed intrahepatic immune cell influx and delayed intrahepatic LCMV-specific CD8+ T cell responses. Notably, viral clearance and ISG expression were also reduced in LCMV-infected primary hepatocytes lacking IKKβ, demonstrating a hepatocyte-intrinsic effect. Similar to livers of IkkβΔHep mice, enhanced hepatocytic LCMV accumulation was observed in livers of IfnarΔHep mice, whereas IfnarΔMyel mice were able to control LCMV infection. Hepatocytic NF-κB signaling was also required for efficient ISG induction in HDV-infected dHepaRG cells and interferon-α/β-mediated inhibition of HBV replication in vitro. CONCLUSIONS Together, these data show that hepatocyte-intrinsic NF-κB is a vital amplifier of interferon-α/β signaling, which is pivotal for strong early ISG responses, immune cell infiltration and hepatic viral clearance. LAY SUMMARY Innate immune cells have been ascribed a primary role in controlling viral clearance upon hepatic infections. We identified a novel dual role for NF-κB signaling in infected hepatocytes which was crucial for maximizing interferon responses and initiating adaptive immunity, thereby efficiently controlling hepatic virus replication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sukumar Namineni
- Division of Chronic Inflammation and Cancer, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany; Institute of Virology, Technical University of Munich and Helmholtz Zentrum München, Schneckenburgerstrasse 8, 81675 Munich, Germany; Institute of Molecular Immunology and Experimental Oncology, Technical University of Munich, Ismaningerstraße 22, 81675 Munich, Germany
| | - Tracy O'Connor
- Division of Chronic Inflammation and Cancer, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany; Institute of Molecular Immunology and Experimental Oncology, Technical University of Munich, Ismaningerstraße 22, 81675 Munich, Germany
| | - Suzanne Faure-Dupuy
- Division of Chronic Inflammation and Cancer, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Pål Johansen
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Zurich and University of Zurich, Gloriastrasse 31, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Tobias Riedl
- Division of Chronic Inflammation and Cancer, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Kaijing Liu
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Haifeng Xu
- Institute of Immunology, Medical Faculty, University of Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstr. 55, Essen 45147, Germany
| | - Indrabahadur Singh
- Emmy Noether Research Group Epigenetic Machineries and Cancer, Division of Chronic Inflammation and Cancer, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Prashant Shinde
- Department of Molecular Medicine II, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University, Universitätstr.1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Fanghui Li
- Institute of Immunology, Medical Faculty, University of Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstr. 55, Essen 45147, Germany
| | - Aleksandra Pandyra
- Institute of Immunology, Medical Faculty, University of Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstr. 55, Essen 45147, Germany
| | - Piyush Sharma
- Institute of Immunology, Medical Faculty, University of Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstr. 55, Essen 45147, Germany; Department of Immunology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA, 38105
| | - Marc Ringelhan
- Division of Chronic Inflammation and Cancer, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany; Institute of Virology, Technical University of Munich and Helmholtz Zentrum München, Schneckenburgerstrasse 8, 81675 Munich, Germany; Department of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Ismaninger Str. 22, 81675 Munich, Germany
| | - Andreas Muschaweckh
- Klinikum rechts der Isar, Department of Neurology, Technical University of Munich, Ismaninger Str. 22, 81675 Munich, Germany
| | - Katharina Borst
- Institute for Experimental Infection Research, TWINCORE, Centre for Experimental and Clinical Infection Research, a joint venture between the Hanover Medical School and the Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Brunswick, Germany
| | - Patrick Blank
- Institute for Experimental Infection Research, TWINCORE, Centre for Experimental and Clinical Infection Research, a joint venture between the Hanover Medical School and the Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Brunswick, Germany
| | - Sandra Lampl
- Institute of Molecular Immunology and Experimental Oncology, Technical University of Munich, Ismaningerstraße 22, 81675 Munich, Germany
| | - Katharina Neuhaus
- Division of Chronic Inflammation and Cancer, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - David Durantel
- INSERM, U1052, Cancer Research Center of Lyon (CRCL), Université de Lyon (UCBL1), CNRS UMR 5286, Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France
| | - Rayan Farhat
- INSERM, U1052, Cancer Research Center of Lyon (CRCL), Université de Lyon (UCBL1), CNRS UMR 5286, Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France
| | - Achim Weber
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Pathology, University Hospital of Zurich, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Daniela Lenggenhager
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Pathology, University Hospital of Zurich, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Thomas M Kündig
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Zurich and University of Zurich, Gloriastrasse 31, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Peter Staeheli
- Institute of Virology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Ulrike Protzer
- Division of Chronic Inflammation and Cancer, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany; Institute of Virology, Technical University of Munich and Helmholtz Zentrum München, Schneckenburgerstrasse 8, 81675 Munich, Germany
| | - Dirk Wohlleber
- Institute of Molecular Immunology and Experimental Oncology, Technical University of Munich, Ismaningerstraße 22, 81675 Munich, Germany
| | - Bernhard Holzmann
- Department of Surgery, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Marco Binder
- Research Group "Dynamics of Early Viral Infection and the Innate Antiviral Response", Division Virus-Associated Carcinogenesis (F170), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Kai Breuhahn
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | - Jacob Nattermann
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | | | - Maude Rolland
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology and Signal Transduction, GIGA-Institute, University of Liège, 4000 Liège, Belgium
| | - Emmanuel Dejardin
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology and Signal Transduction, GIGA-Institute, University of Liège, 4000 Liège, Belgium
| | - Philipp A Lang
- Department of Molecular Medicine II, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University, Universitätstr.1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Karl S Lang
- Institute of Immunology, Medical Faculty, University of Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstr. 55, Essen 45147, Germany
| | - Michael Karin
- Laboratory of Gene Regulation and Signal Transduction, Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego (UCSD), 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, California 92093, USA
| | - Julie Lucifora
- INSERM, U1052, Cancer Research Center of Lyon (CRCL), Université de Lyon (UCBL1), CNRS UMR 5286, Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France
| | - Ulrich Kalinke
- Institute for Experimental Infection Research, TWINCORE, Centre for Experimental and Clinical Infection Research, a joint venture between the Hanover Medical School and the Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Brunswick, Germany
| | - Percy A Knolle
- Institute of Molecular Immunology and Experimental Oncology, Technical University of Munich, Ismaningerstraße 22, 81675 Munich, Germany
| | - Mathias Heikenwalder
- Division of Chronic Inflammation and Cancer, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany; Institute of Virology, Technical University of Munich and Helmholtz Zentrum München, Schneckenburgerstrasse 8, 81675 Munich, Germany; Institute of Molecular Immunology and Experimental Oncology, Technical University of Munich, Ismaningerstraße 22, 81675 Munich, Germany.
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Page MJ, Pretorius E. A Champion of Host Defense: A Generic Large-Scale Cause for Platelet Dysfunction and Depletion in Infection. Semin Thromb Hemost 2020; 46:302-319. [PMID: 32279287 PMCID: PMC7339151 DOI: 10.1055/s-0040-1708827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Thrombocytopenia is commonly associated with sepsis and infections, which in turn are characterized by a profound immune reaction to the invading pathogen. Platelets are one of the cellular entities that exert considerable immune, antibacterial, and antiviral actions, and are therefore active participants in the host response. Platelets are sensitive to surrounding inflammatory stimuli and contribute to the immune response by multiple mechanisms, including endowing the endothelium with a proinflammatory phenotype, enhancing and amplifying leukocyte recruitment and inflammation, promoting the effector functions of immune cells, and ensuring an optimal adaptive immune response. During infection, pathogens and their products influence the platelet response and can even be toxic. However, platelets are able to sense and engage bacteria and viruses to assist in their removal and destruction. Platelets greatly contribute to host defense by multiple mechanisms, including forming immune complexes and aggregates, shedding their granular content, and internalizing pathogens and subsequently being marked for removal. These processes, and the nature of platelet function in general, cause the platelet to be irreversibly consumed in the execution of its duty. An exaggerated systemic inflammatory response to infection can drive platelet dysfunction, where platelets are inappropriately activated and face immunological destruction. While thrombocytopenia may arise by condition-specific mechanisms that cause an imbalance between platelet production and removal, this review evaluates a generic large-scale mechanism for platelet depletion as a repercussion of its involvement at the nexus of responses to infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin J Page
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa
| | - Etheresia Pretorius
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa
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Intercellular crosstalk of hepatic stellate cells in liver fibrosis: New insights into therapy. Pharmacol Res 2020; 155:104720. [PMID: 32092405 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2020.104720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2019] [Revised: 01/08/2020] [Accepted: 02/20/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Liver fibrosis is a dynamic wound-healing process characterized by the net accumulation of extracellular matrix. There is no efficient antifibrotic therapy other than liver transplantation to date. Activated hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) are the major cellular source of matrix-producing myofibroblasts, playing a central role in the initiation and progression of liver fibrosis. Paracrine signals from resident and inflammatory cells such as hepatocytes, liver sinusoidal endothelial cells, hepatic macrophages, natural killer/natural killer T cells, biliary epithelial cells, hepatic progenitor cells, and platelets can directly or indirectly regulate HSC differentiation and activation. Intercellular crosstalk between HSCs and those "responded" cells has been a critical event involved in HSC activation and fibrogenesis. This review summarizes recent advancement regarding intercellular communication between HSCs and other "responded cells" during liver fibrosis and experimental models of intercellular crosstalk systems, and provides novel ideas for potential antifibrotic therapeutic strategy.
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36
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Lang PA, Crome SQ, Xu HC, Lang KS, Chapatte L, Deenick EK, Grusdat M, Pandyra AA, Pozdeev VI, Wang R, Holderried TAW, Cantor H, Diefenbach A, Elford AR, McIlwain DR, Recher M, Häussinger D, Mak TW, Ohashi PS. NK Cells Regulate CD8 + T Cell Mediated Autoimmunity. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2020; 10:36. [PMID: 32117809 PMCID: PMC7031256 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2020.00036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2019] [Accepted: 01/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Elucidating key factors that regulate immune-mediated pathology in vivo is critical for developing improved strategies to treat autoimmune disease and cancer. NK cells can exhibit regulatory functions against CD8+ T cells following viral infection. Here we show that while low doses of lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV-WE) can readily induce strong CD8+ T cell responses and diabetes in mice expressing the LCMV glycoprotein on β-islet cells (RIP-GP mice), hyperglycemia does not occur after infection with higher doses of LCMV. High-dose LCMV infection induced an impaired CD8+ T cell response, which coincided with increased NK cell activity during early time points following infection. Notably, we observed increased NKp46 expression on NK cells during infection with higher doses, which resulted in an NK cell dependent suppression of T cells. Accordingly, depletion with antibodies specific for NK1.1 as well as NKp46 deficiency (Ncr1gfp/gfp mice) could restore CD8+ T cell immunity and permitted the induction of diabetes even following infection of RIP-GP mice with high-dose LCMV. Therefore, we identify conditions where innate lymphoid cells can play a regulatory role and interfere with CD8+ T cell mediated tissue specific pathology using an NKp46 dependent mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philipp A Lang
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Campell Family Institute for Breast Cancer Research, University Health Network (UHN), Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectious Diseases, University of Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany.,Department of Molecular Medicine II, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Sarah Q Crome
- Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Toronto General Hospital Research Institute and UHN Transplant, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Haifeng C Xu
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Campell Family Institute for Breast Cancer Research, University Health Network (UHN), Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Molecular Medicine II, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Karl S Lang
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Campell Family Institute for Breast Cancer Research, University Health Network (UHN), Toronto, ON, Canada.,Institute of Immunology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Laurence Chapatte
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Campell Family Institute for Breast Cancer Research, University Health Network (UHN), Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Elissa K Deenick
- Immunology Division, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, NSW, Australia.,Faculty of Medicine, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Melanie Grusdat
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectious Diseases, University of Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Aleksandra A Pandyra
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectious Diseases, University of Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Vitaly I Pozdeev
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectious Diseases, University of Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Ruifeng Wang
- Department of Molecular Medicine II, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Tobias A W Holderried
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectious Diseases, University of Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany.,Department of Hematology, Oncology and Rheumatology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Harvey Cantor
- Department of Cancer Immunology and Virology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Department of Immunology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Andreas Diefenbach
- Laboratory of Innate Immunity, Department of Microbiology, Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Berlin, Germany.,Mucosal and Developmental Immunology, Deutsches Rheuma-Forschungszentrum, Berlin, Germany
| | - Alisha R Elford
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Campell Family Institute for Breast Cancer Research, University Health Network (UHN), Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - David R McIlwain
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectious Diseases, University of Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Mike Recher
- Medical Outpatient Clinic and Immunodeficiency Lab, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Dieter Häussinger
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectious Diseases, University of Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Tak W Mak
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Campell Family Institute for Breast Cancer Research, University Health Network (UHN), Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Pamela S Ohashi
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Campell Family Institute for Breast Cancer Research, University Health Network (UHN), Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
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Ali RO, Moon MS, Townsend EC, Hill K, Zhang GY, Bradshaw A, Guan H, Hamilton D, Kleiner DE, Auh S, Koh C, Heller T. Exploring the Link Between Platelet Numbers and Vascular Homeostasis Across Early and Late Stages of Fibrosis in Hepatitis C. Dig Dis Sci 2020; 65:524-533. [PMID: 31407130 PMCID: PMC7988415 DOI: 10.1007/s10620-019-05760-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2019] [Accepted: 07/23/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Thrombocytopenia is a hallmark of advanced liver disease. Platelets, growth factors (GFs), and vascular integrity are closely linked factors in disease pathogenesis, and their relationship, particularly in early disease stages, is not entirely understood. The aim was to compare circulating platelets, growth factors, and vascular injury markers (VIMs) in hepatitis C-infected (HCV) patients with early fibrosis and cirrhosis. METHODS Retrospective evaluation of serum GFs and VIMs by ELISA were evaluated from twenty-six HCV patients. Analytes from an earlier time-point were correlated with MELD at a later time-point. RESULTS Platelets and GFs decreased, and VIMs increased with fibrosis. Platelets correlated positively with PDGF-AA, PDGF-BB, TGFB1, EGF, and P-selectin, and negatively with ICAM-3 and VCAM-1. P-selectin showed no correlations with VIMs but positively correlated with PDGF-AA, PDGF-BB, TGFB1, and EGF. Soluble VCAM-1 and ICAM-3 were linked to increasing fibrosis, liver enzymes, and synthetic dysfunction. Higher VCAM-1 and ICAM-3 and lower P-selectin at an earlier time-point were linked to higher MELD score at a later time-point. CONCLUSION In chronic HCV, progressive decline in platelets and growth factors with fibrosis and their associations suggest that platelets are an important source of circulating GFs and influence GF decline with fibrosis. Enhanced markers of vascular injury in patients with early fibrosis suggest an earlier onset of endothelial dysfunction preceding cirrhosis. Associations of VIMs with platelets suggest a critical link between platelets and vascular homeostasis. Circulating markers of vascular injury may not only have prognostic importance but emphasize the role of vascular dysfunction in liver disease pathogenesis (NCT00001971).
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Affiliation(s)
- Rabab O Ali
- Translational Hepatology Section, Liver Diseases Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Building 10, Room 9B16, 10 Center Dr. MSC 1800, Bethesda, MD, 20892-1800, USA.
| | - Mi Sun Moon
- Translational Hepatology Section, Liver Diseases Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Building 10, Room 9B16, 10 Center Dr. MSC 1800, Bethesda, MD, 20892-1800, USA
| | - Elizabeth C Townsend
- Translational Hepatology Section, Liver Diseases Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Building 10, Room 9B16, 10 Center Dr. MSC 1800, Bethesda, MD, 20892-1800, USA
| | - Kareen Hill
- Translational Hepatology Section, Liver Diseases Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Building 10, Room 9B16, 10 Center Dr. MSC 1800, Bethesda, MD, 20892-1800, USA
| | - Grace Y Zhang
- Translational Hepatology Section, Liver Diseases Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Building 10, Room 9B16, 10 Center Dr. MSC 1800, Bethesda, MD, 20892-1800, USA
| | - Alyson Bradshaw
- Translational Hepatology Section, Liver Diseases Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Building 10, Room 9B16, 10 Center Dr. MSC 1800, Bethesda, MD, 20892-1800, USA
| | - Hannah Guan
- Translational Hepatology Section, Liver Diseases Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Building 10, Room 9B16, 10 Center Dr. MSC 1800, Bethesda, MD, 20892-1800, USA
| | - Destanee Hamilton
- Translational Hepatology Section, Liver Diseases Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Building 10, Room 9B16, 10 Center Dr. MSC 1800, Bethesda, MD, 20892-1800, USA
| | - David E Kleiner
- Laboratory of Pathology, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Sungyoung Auh
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Christopher Koh
- Translational Hepatology Section, Liver Diseases Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Building 10, Room 9B16, 10 Center Dr. MSC 1800, Bethesda, MD, 20892-1800, USA
| | - Theo Heller
- Translational Hepatology Section, Liver Diseases Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Building 10, Room 9B16, 10 Center Dr. MSC 1800, Bethesda, MD, 20892-1800, USA.
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Yu Z, Shibazaki M, Otsuka H, Takada H, Nakamura M, Endo Y. Dynamics of Platelet Behaviors as Defenders and Guardians: Accumulations in Liver, Lung, and Spleen in Mice. Biol Pharm Bull 2020; 42:1253-1267. [PMID: 31366863 DOI: 10.1248/bpb.b18-00975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Systemic platelet behaviors in experimental animals are often assessed by infusion of isotope-labeled platelets and measuring them under anesthesia. However, such procedures alter, therefore may not reveal, real-life platelet behaviors. 5-Hydroxytryptamine (5HT or serotonin) is present within limited cell-types, including platelets. In our studies, by measuring 5HT as a platelet-marker in non-anesthetized mice, we identified stimulation- and time-dependent accumulations in liver, lung, and/or spleen as important systemic platelet behaviors. For example, intravenous, intraperitoneal, or intragingival injection of lipopolysaccharide (LPS, a cell-wall component of Gram-negative bacteria), interleukin (IL)-1, or tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α induced hepatic platelet accumulation (HPA) and platelet translocation into the sinusoidal and perisinusoidal spaces or hepatocytes themselves. These events occurred "within a few hours" of the injection, caused hypoglycemia, and exhibited protective or causal effects on hepatitis. Intravenous injection of larger doses of LPS into normal mice, or intravenous antigen-challenge to sensitized mice, induced pulmonary platelet accumulation (PPA), as well as HPA. These reactions occurred "within a few min" of the LPS injection or antigen challenge and resulted in shock. Intravenous injection of 5HT or a catecholamine induced a rapid PPA "within 6 s." Intravenous LPS injection, within a minute, increased the pulmonary catecholamines that mediate the LPS-induced PPA. Macrophage-depletion from liver and spleen induced "day-scale" splenic platelet accumulation, suggesting the spleen is involved in clearing senescent platelets. These findings indicate the usefulness of 5HT as a marker of platelet behaviors, and provide a basis for a discussion of the roles of platelets as both "defenders" and "guardians."
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiqian Yu
- Department of Disaster Psychiatry, International Research Institute for Disaster Science, Tohoku University
| | - Masahiro Shibazaki
- Department of Tumor Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Iwate Medical University
| | - Hirotada Otsuka
- Laboratory of Veterinary Anatomy, School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Nippon Veterinary and Life Science University
| | - Haruhiko Takada
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Graduate School of Dentistry, Tohoku University
| | - Masanori Nakamura
- Department of Oral Anatomy and Developmental Biology, School of Dentistry, Showa University
| | - Yasuo Endo
- Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Graduate School of Dentistry, Tohoku University
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Zhuang Y, Xu HC, Shinde PV, Warfsmann J, Vasilevska J, Sundaram B, Behnke K, Huang J, Hoell JI, Borkhardt A, Pfeffer K, Taha MS, Herebian D, Mayatepek E, Brenner D, Ahmadian MR, Keitel V, Wieczorek D, Häussinger D, Pandyra AA, Lang KS, Lang PA. Fragile X mental retardation protein protects against tumour necrosis factor-mediated cell death and liver injury. Gut 2020; 69:133-145. [PMID: 31409605 PMCID: PMC6943250 DOI: 10.1136/gutjnl-2019-318215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2019] [Revised: 07/22/2019] [Accepted: 07/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/08/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The Fragile X mental retardation (FMR) syndrome is a frequently inherited intellectual disability caused by decreased or absent expression of the FMR protein (FMRP). Lack of FMRP is associated with neuronal degradation and cognitive dysfunction but its role outside the central nervous system is insufficiently studied. Here, we identify a role of FMRP in liver disease. DESIGN Mice lacking Fmr1 gene expression were used to study the role of FMRP during tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-induced liver damage in disease model systems. Liver damage and mechanistic studies were performed using real-time PCR, Western Blot, staining of tissue sections and clinical chemistry. RESULTS Fmr1null mice exhibited increased liver damage during virus-mediated hepatitis following infection with the lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus. Exposure to TNF resulted in severe liver damage due to increased hepatocyte cell death. Consistently, we found increased caspase-8 and caspase-3 activation following TNF stimulation. Furthermore, we demonstrate FMRP to be critically important for regulating key molecules in TNF receptor 1 (TNFR1)-dependent apoptosis and necroptosis including CYLD, c-FLIPS and JNK, which contribute to prolonged RIPK1 expression. Accordingly, the RIPK1 inhibitor Necrostatin-1s could reduce liver cell death and alleviate liver damage in Fmr1null mice following TNF exposure. Consistently, FMRP-deficient mice developed increased pathology during acute cholestasis following bile duct ligation, which coincided with increased hepatic expression of RIPK1, RIPK3 and phosphorylation of MLKL. CONCLUSIONS We show that FMRP plays a central role in the inhibition of TNF-mediated cell death during infection and liver disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Zhuang
- Department of Molecular Medicine II, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Haifeng C Xu
- Department of Molecular Medicine II, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Prashant V Shinde
- Department of Molecular Medicine II, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Jens Warfsmann
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Hematology and Clinical Immunology, Center for Child and Adolescent Health, Heinrich Heine University, Medical Faculty, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Jelena Vasilevska
- Department of Molecular Medicine II, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Balamurugan Sundaram
- Department of Molecular Medicine II, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Kristina Behnke
- Department of Molecular Medicine II, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Jun Huang
- Department of Molecular Medicine II, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Jessica I Hoell
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Hematology and Clinical Immunology, Center for Child and Adolescent Health, Heinrich Heine University, Medical Faculty, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Arndt Borkhardt
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Hematology and Clinical Immunology, Center for Child and Adolescent Health, Heinrich Heine University, Medical Faculty, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Klaus Pfeffer
- Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hospital Hygiene, University Hospital, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Mohamed S Taha
- Research on Children with Special Needs Department, Medical research Branch, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt,Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Diran Herebian
- Department of General Pediatrics, Neonatology and Pediatric Cardiology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Ertan Mayatepek
- Department of General Pediatrics, Neonatology and Pediatric Cardiology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Dirk Brenner
- Department of Infection and Immunity, Experimental & Molecular Immunology, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg,Department of Dermatology and Allergy Center, Odense Research Center for Anaphylaxis (ORCA), Odense University Hospital, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark,Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine (LCSB), University of Luxembourg, Belvaux, Luxembourg
| | - Mohammad Reza Ahmadian
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Verena Keitel
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Infectious Diseases, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Dagmar Wieczorek
- Institute of Human Genetics, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Dieter Häussinger
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Infectious Diseases, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Aleksandra A Pandyra
- Department of Molecular Medicine II, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany,Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Infectious Diseases, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Karl S Lang
- Institute of Immunology, Medical Faculty, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Philipp A Lang
- Department of Molecular Medicine II, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
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Mauler M, Herr N, Schoenichen C, Witsch T, Marchini T, Härdtner C, Koentges C, Kienle K, Ollivier V, Schell M, Dorner L, Wippel C, Stallmann D, Normann C, Bugger H, Walther P, Wolf D, Ahrens I, Lämmermann T, Ho-Tin-Noé B, Ley K, Bode C, Hilgendorf I, Duerschmied D. Platelet Serotonin Aggravates Myocardial Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury via Neutrophil Degranulation. Circulation 2019; 139:918-931. [PMID: 30586717 DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.118.033942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Platelets store large amounts of serotonin that they release during thrombus formation or acute inflammation. This facilitates hemostasis and modulates the inflammatory response. METHODS Infarct size, heart function, and inflammatory cell composition were analyzed in mouse models of myocardial reperfusion injury with genetic and pharmacological depletion of platelet serotonin. These studies were complemented by in vitro serotonin stimulation assays of platelets and leukocytes in mice and men, and by measuring plasma serotonin levels and leukocyte activation in patients with acute coronary syndrome. RESULTS Platelet-derived serotonin induced neutrophil degranulation with release of myeloperoxidase and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and increased expression of membrane-bound leukocyte adhesion molecule CD11b, leading to enhanced inflammation in the infarct area and reduced myocardial salvage. In patients hospitalized with acute coronary syndrome, plasmatic serotonin levels correlated with CD11b expression on neutrophils and myeloperoxidase plasma levels. Long-term serotonin reuptake inhibition-reported to protect patients with depression from cardiovascular events-resulted in the depletion of platelet serotonin stores in mice. These mice displayed a reduction in neutrophil degranulation and preserved cardiac function. In line, patients with depression using serotonin reuptake inhibition, presented with suppressed levels of CD11b surface expression on neutrophils and lower myeloperoxidase levels in blood. CONCLUSIONS Taken together, we identify serotonin as a potent therapeutic target in neutrophil-dependent thromboinflammation during myocardial reperfusion injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maximilian Mauler
- Faculty of Biology (M.M., K.K.), University of Freiburg, Germany.,Faculty of Medicine (M.M., N.H., C.S., T.W., T.M., C.H., C.K., M.S., L.D., C.W., D.S., C.N., H.B., D.W., C.B., I.H., D.D.), University of Freiburg, Germany.,Department of Cardiology and Angiology I, Heart Center (M.M., N.H., C.S., T.M., C.H., C.K., M.S., L.D., C.W., D.S., H.B., D.W., I.A., C.B., I.H., D.D.), University of Freiburg, Germany
| | - Nadine Herr
- Faculty of Medicine (M.M., N.H., C.S., T.W., T.M., C.H., C.K., M.S., L.D., C.W., D.S., C.N., H.B., D.W., C.B., I.H., D.D.), University of Freiburg, Germany.,Department of Cardiology and Angiology I, Heart Center (M.M., N.H., C.S., T.M., C.H., C.K., M.S., L.D., C.W., D.S., H.B., D.W., I.A., C.B., I.H., D.D.), University of Freiburg, Germany
| | - Claudia Schoenichen
- Faculty of Medicine (M.M., N.H., C.S., T.W., T.M., C.H., C.K., M.S., L.D., C.W., D.S., C.N., H.B., D.W., C.B., I.H., D.D.), University of Freiburg, Germany.,Department of Cardiology and Angiology I, Heart Center (M.M., N.H., C.S., T.M., C.H., C.K., M.S., L.D., C.W., D.S., H.B., D.W., I.A., C.B., I.H., D.D.), University of Freiburg, Germany
| | - Thilo Witsch
- Faculty of Medicine (M.M., N.H., C.S., T.W., T.M., C.H., C.K., M.S., L.D., C.W., D.S., C.N., H.B., D.W., C.B., I.H., D.D.), University of Freiburg, Germany
| | - Timoteo Marchini
- Faculty of Medicine (M.M., N.H., C.S., T.W., T.M., C.H., C.K., M.S., L.D., C.W., D.S., C.N., H.B., D.W., C.B., I.H., D.D.), University of Freiburg, Germany.,Department of Cardiology and Angiology I, Heart Center (M.M., N.H., C.S., T.M., C.H., C.K., M.S., L.D., C.W., D.S., H.B., D.W., I.A., C.B., I.H., D.D.), University of Freiburg, Germany
| | - Carmen Härdtner
- Faculty of Medicine (M.M., N.H., C.S., T.W., T.M., C.H., C.K., M.S., L.D., C.W., D.S., C.N., H.B., D.W., C.B., I.H., D.D.), University of Freiburg, Germany.,Department of Cardiology and Angiology I, Heart Center (M.M., N.H., C.S., T.M., C.H., C.K., M.S., L.D., C.W., D.S., H.B., D.W., I.A., C.B., I.H., D.D.), University of Freiburg, Germany
| | - Christoph Koentges
- Faculty of Medicine (M.M., N.H., C.S., T.W., T.M., C.H., C.K., M.S., L.D., C.W., D.S., C.N., H.B., D.W., C.B., I.H., D.D.), University of Freiburg, Germany.,Department of Cardiology and Angiology I, Heart Center (M.M., N.H., C.S., T.M., C.H., C.K., M.S., L.D., C.W., D.S., H.B., D.W., I.A., C.B., I.H., D.D.), University of Freiburg, Germany
| | - Korbinian Kienle
- Faculty of Biology (M.M., K.K.), University of Freiburg, Germany.,Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, Group Immune Cell Dynamics (K.K., T.L.), Germany
| | - Véronique Ollivier
- INSERM Unit 1148, University Paris Diderot (V.O., B.H-T-N.), France.,Laboratory for Vascular Translational Science, Sorbonne Paris Cité (V.O., B.H-T-N.), France
| | - Maximilian Schell
- Faculty of Medicine (M.M., N.H., C.S., T.W., T.M., C.H., C.K., M.S., L.D., C.W., D.S., C.N., H.B., D.W., C.B., I.H., D.D.), University of Freiburg, Germany.,Department of Cardiology and Angiology I, Heart Center (M.M., N.H., C.S., T.M., C.H., C.K., M.S., L.D., C.W., D.S., H.B., D.W., I.A., C.B., I.H., D.D.), University of Freiburg, Germany
| | - Ludwig Dorner
- Faculty of Medicine (M.M., N.H., C.S., T.W., T.M., C.H., C.K., M.S., L.D., C.W., D.S., C.N., H.B., D.W., C.B., I.H., D.D.), University of Freiburg, Germany.,Department of Cardiology and Angiology I, Heart Center (M.M., N.H., C.S., T.M., C.H., C.K., M.S., L.D., C.W., D.S., H.B., D.W., I.A., C.B., I.H., D.D.), University of Freiburg, Germany
| | - Christopher Wippel
- Faculty of Medicine (M.M., N.H., C.S., T.W., T.M., C.H., C.K., M.S., L.D., C.W., D.S., C.N., H.B., D.W., C.B., I.H., D.D.), University of Freiburg, Germany.,Department of Cardiology and Angiology I, Heart Center (M.M., N.H., C.S., T.M., C.H., C.K., M.S., L.D., C.W., D.S., H.B., D.W., I.A., C.B., I.H., D.D.), University of Freiburg, Germany
| | - Daniela Stallmann
- Faculty of Medicine (M.M., N.H., C.S., T.W., T.M., C.H., C.K., M.S., L.D., C.W., D.S., C.N., H.B., D.W., C.B., I.H., D.D.), University of Freiburg, Germany.,Department of Cardiology and Angiology I, Heart Center (M.M., N.H., C.S., T.M., C.H., C.K., M.S., L.D., C.W., D.S., H.B., D.W., I.A., C.B., I.H., D.D.), University of Freiburg, Germany
| | - Claus Normann
- Faculty of Medicine (M.M., N.H., C.S., T.W., T.M., C.H., C.K., M.S., L.D., C.W., D.S., C.N., H.B., D.W., C.B., I.H., D.D.), University of Freiburg, Germany.,Department of Psychiatry, University Medical Center Freiburg (C.N.), Germany
| | - Heiko Bugger
- Faculty of Medicine (M.M., N.H., C.S., T.W., T.M., C.H., C.K., M.S., L.D., C.W., D.S., C.N., H.B., D.W., C.B., I.H., D.D.), University of Freiburg, Germany.,Department of Cardiology and Angiology I, Heart Center (M.M., N.H., C.S., T.M., C.H., C.K., M.S., L.D., C.W., D.S., H.B., D.W., I.A., C.B., I.H., D.D.), University of Freiburg, Germany
| | - Paul Walther
- Central Facility for Electron Microscopy, Ulm University; Ulm, Germany (P.W.)
| | - Dennis Wolf
- Faculty of Medicine (M.M., N.H., C.S., T.W., T.M., C.H., C.K., M.S., L.D., C.W., D.S., C.N., H.B., D.W., C.B., I.H., D.D.), University of Freiburg, Germany.,Department of Cardiology and Angiology I, Heart Center (M.M., N.H., C.S., T.M., C.H., C.K., M.S., L.D., C.W., D.S., H.B., D.W., I.A., C.B., I.H., D.D.), University of Freiburg, Germany.,La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology, La Jolla, CA (D.W., K.L.)
| | - Ingo Ahrens
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology I, Heart Center (M.M., N.H., C.S., T.M., C.H., C.K., M.S., L.D., C.W., D.S., H.B., D.W., I.A., C.B., I.H., D.D.), University of Freiburg, Germany
| | - Tim Lämmermann
- Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, Group Immune Cell Dynamics (K.K., T.L.), Germany
| | - Benoît Ho-Tin-Noé
- INSERM Unit 1148, University Paris Diderot (V.O., B.H-T-N.), France.,Laboratory for Vascular Translational Science, Sorbonne Paris Cité (V.O., B.H-T-N.), France
| | - Klaus Ley
- La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology, La Jolla, CA (D.W., K.L.)
| | - Christoph Bode
- Faculty of Medicine (M.M., N.H., C.S., T.W., T.M., C.H., C.K., M.S., L.D., C.W., D.S., C.N., H.B., D.W., C.B., I.H., D.D.), University of Freiburg, Germany.,Department of Cardiology and Angiology I, Heart Center (M.M., N.H., C.S., T.M., C.H., C.K., M.S., L.D., C.W., D.S., H.B., D.W., I.A., C.B., I.H., D.D.), University of Freiburg, Germany
| | - Ingo Hilgendorf
- Faculty of Medicine (M.M., N.H., C.S., T.W., T.M., C.H., C.K., M.S., L.D., C.W., D.S., C.N., H.B., D.W., C.B., I.H., D.D.), University of Freiburg, Germany.,Department of Cardiology and Angiology I, Heart Center (M.M., N.H., C.S., T.M., C.H., C.K., M.S., L.D., C.W., D.S., H.B., D.W., I.A., C.B., I.H., D.D.), University of Freiburg, Germany
| | - Daniel Duerschmied
- Faculty of Medicine (M.M., N.H., C.S., T.W., T.M., C.H., C.K., M.S., L.D., C.W., D.S., C.N., H.B., D.W., C.B., I.H., D.D.), University of Freiburg, Germany.,Department of Cardiology and Angiology I, Heart Center (M.M., N.H., C.S., T.M., C.H., C.K., M.S., L.D., C.W., D.S., H.B., D.W., I.A., C.B., I.H., D.D.), University of Freiburg, Germany
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Saif-Elnasr M, Abdel Fattah SM, Swailam HM. Treatment of hepatotoxicity induced by γ-radiation using platelet-rich plasma and/or low molecular weight chitosan in experimental rats. Int J Radiat Biol 2019; 95:1517-1528. [PMID: 31290709 DOI: 10.1080/09553002.2019.1642538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2019] [Revised: 05/09/2019] [Accepted: 06/27/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Background and aim: Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) is rich in growth factors and plays an important role in tissue healing and cytoprotection. Also, it has been proved that low molecular weight chitosan (LMC) possesses many outstanding health benefits. The aim of this study was to assess the possibility of using PRP and/or fungal LMC to treat hepatotoxicity induced by γ-radiation in albino rats.Materials and methods: Forty-eight adult male albino rats were randomly divided into eight groups. Group I (control), Group II (PRP alone), Group III (LMC alone), Group IV (PRP + LMC), Group V (γ-irradiated alone), Group VI (γ-irradiated + PRP), Group VII (γ-irradiated + LMC), and Group VIII (γ-irradiated + PRP + LMC). The irradiated rats were whole body exposed to γ-radiation (8 Gy) as fractionated doses (2 Gy) twice a week for 2 consecutive weeks. The treated groups received PRP (0.5 mL/kg body weight, s.c.) and/or LMC (10 mg/kg body weight, s.c.) 2 days a week 1 h after every dose of γ-radiation and continued for another week after the last dose of radiation. Serum alanine transaminase (ALT) and aspartate transaminase (AST) activities, as well as reduced glutathione (GSH) content, malondialdehyde (MDA), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), and nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) levels in the liver tissue and relative expression of microRNA-21 (miR-21) in serum were measured, in addition to histopathological examination.Results: Exposure of rats to γ-radiation resulted in a significant increase in serum ALT and AST activities, hepatic MDA levels, and serum miR-21 relative expression, along with a significant decrease in hepatic GSH content, TAC, and Nrf2 levels. Treatment with PRP and/or fungal LMC after exposure to γ-radiation ameliorated these parameters and improved the histopathological changes induced by γ-radiation.Conclusions: The results demonstrated that PRP and/or LMC inhibited γ-radiation-induced hepatotoxicity and using both of them together seems more effective. They can be a candidate to be studied toward the development of a therapeutic strategy for liver diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mostafa Saif-Elnasr
- Health Radiation Research Department, National Center for Radiation Research and Technology, Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Salma M Abdel Fattah
- Drug Radiation Research Department, National Center for Radiation Research and Technology, Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Hesham M Swailam
- Radiation Microbiology Department, National Center for Radiation Research and Technology, Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority, Cairo, Egypt
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42
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Ramadori P, Klag T, Malek NP, Heikenwalder M. Platelets in chronic liver disease, from bench to bedside. JHEP Rep 2019; 1:448-459. [PMID: 32039397 PMCID: PMC7005648 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhepr.2019.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2019] [Revised: 10/04/2019] [Accepted: 10/09/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
In the last decade, numerous studies revealed physiologic and pathophysiologic roles of platelets beyond haemostasis, a process to prevent and stop bleeding. These include the activation of the immune system and the promotion of inflammation, infection and cancer. Hence, the emerging view on the role of platelets has shifted - platelets are now seen as alert "sentinels" of the immune compartment, rather than passive bystanders. Herein, we review well-established and newly discovered features of platelets that define their natural role in maintaining blood haemostasis, but also their functional relationship with other cells of the immune system. We focus on recent studies underlining functional involvement of platelets in chronic liver diseases and cancer, as well as the effects of anti-platelet therapy in these contexts. Finally, we illustrate the potential of platelets as possible diagnostic and therapeutic tools in liver disease based on recently developed methodologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierluigi Ramadori
- Division of Chronic Inflammation and Cancer, German Cancer Research Center Heidelberg (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Thomas Klag
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Nisar Peter Malek
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
- Corresponding authors. Address: Division of Chronic Inflammation and Cancer, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany, Tel.: 0049-6221423891, or Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital of Tuebingen, Otfried-Müller-Str. 10, 72076 Tübingen, Germany, Tel.: 0049-70712982721.
| | - Mathias Heikenwalder
- Division of Chronic Inflammation and Cancer, German Cancer Research Center Heidelberg (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Corresponding authors. Address: Division of Chronic Inflammation and Cancer, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany, Tel.: 0049-6221423891, or Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital of Tuebingen, Otfried-Müller-Str. 10, 72076 Tübingen, Germany, Tel.: 0049-70712982721.
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43
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Abstract
The rate-limiting enzyme in serotonin synthesis is tryptophan hydroxylase (TPH). There are two independent serotonin systems in the body characterized by two isoforms of TPH, TPH1 and TPH2. While TPH2 synthesizes serotonin in the brain, TPH1 is expressed in the gut and in other peripheral tissues and supplies platelets in the circulation with serotonin. This duality of the serotonin system is enforced by the blood-brain barrier which is impermeable for serotonin. In the brain serotonin acts as neurotransmitter and is a main target for the treatment of psychiatric disorders. In the periphery it is released by platelets at the site of activation and elicits numerous physiological effects. TPH1 deficient mice were shown to be protected from diverse diseases including hemostatic, inflammatory, fibrotic, gastrointestinal, and metabolic disorders and therefore serotonin synthesis inhibition emerged as a reasonable therapeutic paradigm. Recently the first TPH inhibitor, telotristat ethyl, came on the market for the treatment of carcinoid syndrome. This review summarizes the state of development and the therapeutic opportunities of such compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Bader
- Max-Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine (MDC), Robert-Rössle-Str. 10, 13125 Berlin-Buch, Germany; University of Lübeck, Institute for Biology, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23562 Lübeck, Germany; Charité University Medicine, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany; German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site, Berlin, Germany.
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44
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Huang A, Shinde PV, Huang J, Senff T, Xu HC, Margotta C, Häussinger D, Willnow TE, Zhang J, Pandyra AA, Timm J, Weggen S, Lang KS, Lang PA. Progranulin prevents regulatory NK cell cytotoxicity against antiviral T cells. JCI Insight 2019; 4:129856. [PMID: 31484831 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.129856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2019] [Accepted: 08/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
`NK cell-mediated regulation of antigen-specific T cells can contribute to and exacerbate chronic viral infection, but the protective mechanisms against NK cell-mediated attack on T cell immunity are poorly understood. Here, we show that progranulin (PGRN) can reduce NK cell cytotoxicity through reduction of NK cell expansion, granzyme B transcription, and NK cell-mediated lysis of target cells. Following infection with the lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV), PGRN levels increased - a phenomenon dependent on the presence of macrophages and type I IFN signaling. Absence of PGRN in mice (Grn-/-) resulted in enhanced NK cell activity, increased NK cell-mediated killing of antiviral T cells, reduced antiviral T cell immunity, and increased viral burden, culminating in increased liver immunopathology. Depletion of NK cells restored antiviral immunity and alleviated pathology during infection in Grn-/- mice. In turn, PGRN treatment improved antiviral T cell immunity. Taken together, we identified PGRN as a critical factor capable of reducing NK cell-mediated attack of antiviral T cells.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jun Huang
- Department of Molecular Medicine II and
| | - Tina Senff
- Institute of Virology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | | | | | - Dieter Häussinger
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectious Diseases, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Thomas E Willnow
- Molecular Cardiovascular Research, Max-Delbrueck-Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany
| | - Jinping Zhang
- Institutes of Biology and Medical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Aleksandra A Pandyra
- Department of Molecular Medicine II and.,Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectious Diseases, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Jörg Timm
- Institute of Virology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Sascha Weggen
- Department of Neuropathology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Karl S Lang
- Institute of Immunology, Medical Faculty, Universität Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
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45
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Mamdouh F, Abdel Alem S, Abdo M, Abdelaal A, Salem A, Rabiee A, Elsisi O. Serum Serotonin as a Potential Diagnostic Marker for Hepatocellular Carcinoma. J Interferon Cytokine Res 2019; 39:780-785. [PMID: 31478787 DOI: 10.1089/jir.2019.0088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
To assess the potential role of serum serotonin level in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) diagnosis. A case-control study that involved 100 Egyptian adults. Subjects were divided into 4 groups: Group I: 21 patients with late-stage HCC on top of liver cirrhosis, Group II: 28 patients with early-stage HCC on top of liver cirrhosis, Group III: 26 patients with cirrhosis with no evidence of HCC, and Group IV: 25 healthy age- and sex-matched subjects were as a control group. Serum serotonin level was determined in all recruited subjects using high-performance liquid chromatography-fluorescent detection method. Alpha-fetoprotein had a statistically significant elevation in group I with a median of 1300 ng/L (195-2544 ng/L) compared to groups II and III (P ≤ 0.01). Regarding serum serotonin level, it had a statistically significant elevation in group II with a median of 275 ng/μL (204.7-400 ng/μL) compared to groups I, III, and IV with median of 33 ng/μL (30-50 ng/μL), 50 ng/μL (30-60 ng/μL), and 102 (85-150 ng/μL), respectively (P = 0.001). Receiver operating characteristic curve showed that serum serotonin at cutoff value of 108 ng/μL had a sensitivity of 100% and specificity of 92.3% in discriminating early-stage HCC from cirrhosis. Serum serotonin level is a rapid, sensitive, noninvasive diagnostic biomarker for the detection of early-stage HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatma Mamdouh
- Clinical and Chemical Pathology Department, Kasr Alaini School of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Shereen Abdel Alem
- Endemic Medicine and Hepatology Department, Kasr Alaini School of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud Abdo
- Endemic Medicine and Hepatology Department, Kasr Alaini School of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Amaal Abdelaal
- Clinical and Chemical Pathology Department, Kasr Alaini School of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Amel Salem
- Internal Medicine Department, Kasr Alaini School of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Rabiee
- Internal Medicine Department, Kasr Alaini School of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ola Elsisi
- Clinical and Chemical Pathology Department, Kasr Alaini School of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
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46
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Pavlovic N, Rani B, Gerwins P, Heindryckx F. Platelets as Key Factors in Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11071022. [PMID: 31330817 PMCID: PMC6678690 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11071022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2019] [Revised: 07/08/2019] [Accepted: 07/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a primary liver cancer that usually develops in the setting of chronic inflammation and liver damage. The hepatic microenvironment plays a crucial role in the disease development, as players such as hepatic stellate cells, resident liver macrophages (Kupffer cells), endothelial cells, extracellular matrix, and a variety of immune cells interact in highly complex and intertwined signaling pathways. A key factor in these cross-talks are platelets, whose role in cancer has gained growing evidence in recent years. Platelets have been reported to promote HCC cell proliferation and invasion, but their involvement goes beyond the direct effect on tumor cells, as they are known to play a role in pro-fibrinogenic signaling and the hepatic immune response, as well as in mediating interactions between these factors in the stroma. Anti-platelet therapy has been shown to ameliorate liver injury and improve the disease outcome. However, platelets have also been shown to play a crucial role in liver regeneration after organ damage. Therefore, the timing and microenvironmental setting need to be kept in mind when assessing the potential effect and therapeutic value of platelets in the disease progression, while further studies are needed for understanding the role of platelets in patients with HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natasa Pavlovic
- Department of Medical Cell Biology, Uppsala University, Box 571, Husargatan 3, 75-431 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Bhavna Rani
- Department of Medical Cell Biology, Uppsala University, Box 571, Husargatan 3, 75-431 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Pär Gerwins
- Department of Medical Cell Biology, Uppsala University, Box 571, Husargatan 3, 75-431 Uppsala, Sweden
- Department of Radiology, Uppsala University Hospital, Sjukhusvägen 85, 751-85 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Femke Heindryckx
- Department of Medical Cell Biology, Uppsala University, Box 571, Husargatan 3, 75-431 Uppsala, Sweden.
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47
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Reisch C, Langemann D. Chemotactic effects in reaction-diffusion equations for inflammation. J Biol Phys 2019; 45:253-273. [PMID: 31309352 DOI: 10.1007/s10867-019-09527-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2018] [Accepted: 05/16/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Predator-prey systems are used to model time-dependent virus and lymphocyte population during a liver infection and to discuss the influence of chemotactic behavior on the chronification tendency of such infections. Therefore, a model family of reaction-diffusion equations is presented, and the long-term behavior of the solutions is estimated by a critical value containing the reaction strength, the diffusion rate, and the extension of the liver domain. Fourier techniques are applied to evaluate the influence of chemotactic behavior of the immune response to the long-term behavior of locally linearized models. It turns out that the chemotaxis is a subordinated influence with respect to the chronification of liver infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cordula Reisch
- TU Braunschweig, Institute of Computational Mathematics, AG PDE, Universitätsplatz 2, 38106, Braunschweig, Germany.
| | - Dirk Langemann
- TU Braunschweig, Institute of Computational Mathematics, AG PDE, Universitätsplatz 2, 38106, Braunschweig, Germany
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48
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Abd El Moety HA, Maharem DA, Gomaa SH. Serotonin: is it a marker for the diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma in cirrhotic patients? ALEXANDRIA JOURNAL OF MEDICINE 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ajme.2013.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Hoda Aly Abd El Moety
- Chemical Pathology, Medical Research Institute , Alexandria University , 16 Alexander the Great , Azarita, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Dalia Aly Maharem
- Internal Medicine, Medical Research Institute , Alexandria University , 16 Alexander the Great , Azarita, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Salwa Hamdy Gomaa
- Chemical Pathology, Medical Research Institute , Alexandria University , 16 Alexander the Great , Azarita, Alexandria, Egypt
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49
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Balaphas A, Meyer J, Sadoul K, Fontana P, Morel P, Gonelle-Gispert C, Bühler LH. Platelets and Platelet-Derived Extracellular Vesicles in Liver Physiology and Disease. Hepatol Commun 2019; 3:855-866. [PMID: 31304449 PMCID: PMC6601322 DOI: 10.1002/hep4.1358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2018] [Accepted: 03/12/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Beyond their role in hemostasis, platelets are proposed as key mediators of several physiological and pathophysiological processes of the liver, such as liver regeneration, toxic or viral acute liver injury, liver fibrosis, and carcinogenesis. The effects of platelets on the liver involve interactions with sinusoidal endothelial cells and the release of platelet‐contained molecules following platelet activation. Platelets are the major source of circulating extracellular vesicles, which are suggested to play key roles in platelet interactions with endothelial cells in several clinical disorders. In the present review, we discuss the implications of platelet‐derived extracellular vesicles in physiological and pathophysiological processes of the liver.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandre Balaphas
- Division of Digestive Surgery Geneva University Hospitals Geneva Switzerland.,Surgical Research Unit Geneva University Hospitals Geneva Switzerland.,Geneva Medical School University of Geneva Geneva Switzerland
| | - Jeremy Meyer
- Division of Digestive Surgery Geneva University Hospitals Geneva Switzerland.,Surgical Research Unit Geneva University Hospitals Geneva Switzerland.,Geneva Medical School University of Geneva Geneva Switzerland
| | - Karin Sadoul
- Regulation and Pharmacology of the Cytoskeleton, Institute for Advanced Biosciences Université Grenoble Alpes Grenoble France
| | - Pierre Fontana
- Division of Angiology and Hemostasis Geneva University Hospitals Geneva Switzerland.,Geneva Platelet Group University of Geneva Geneva Switzerland
| | - Philippe Morel
- Division of Digestive Surgery Geneva University Hospitals Geneva Switzerland.,Surgical Research Unit Geneva University Hospitals Geneva Switzerland.,Geneva Medical School University of Geneva Geneva Switzerland
| | - Carmen Gonelle-Gispert
- Surgical Research Unit Geneva University Hospitals Geneva Switzerland.,Geneva Medical School University of Geneva Geneva Switzerland
| | - Leo H Bühler
- Division of Digestive Surgery Geneva University Hospitals Geneva Switzerland.,Surgical Research Unit Geneva University Hospitals Geneva Switzerland.,Geneva Medical School University of Geneva Geneva Switzerland
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50
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Malehmir M, Pfister D, Gallage S, Szydlowska M, Inverso D, Kotsiliti E, Leone V, Peiseler M, Surewaard BGJ, Rath D, Ali A, Wolf MJ, Drescher H, Healy ME, Dauch D, Kroy D, Krenkel O, Kohlhepp M, Engleitner T, Olkus A, Sijmonsma T, Volz J, Deppermann C, Stegner D, Helbling P, Nombela-Arrieta C, Rafiei A, Hinterleitner M, Rall M, Baku F, Borst O, Wilson CL, Leslie J, O'Connor T, Weston CJ, Chauhan A, Adams DH, Sheriff L, Teijeiro A, Prinz M, Bogeska R, Anstee N, Bongers MN, Notohamiprodjo M, Geisler T, Withers DJ, Ware J, Mann DA, Augustin HG, Vegiopoulos A, Milsom MD, Rose AJ, Lalor PF, Llovet JM, Pinyol R, Tacke F, Rad R, Matter M, Djouder N, Kubes P, Knolle PA, Unger K, Zender L, Nieswandt B, Gawaz M, Weber A, Heikenwalder M. Platelet GPIbα is a mediator and potential interventional target for NASH and subsequent liver cancer. Nat Med 2019; 25:641-655. [PMID: 30936549 DOI: 10.1038/s41591-019-0379-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 242] [Impact Index Per Article: 48.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2017] [Accepted: 01/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease ranges from steatosis to non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), potentially progressing to cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Here, we show that platelet number, platelet activation and platelet aggregation are increased in NASH but not in steatosis or insulin resistance. Antiplatelet therapy (APT; aspirin/clopidogrel, ticagrelor) but not nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) treatment with sulindac prevented NASH and subsequent HCC development. Intravital microscopy showed that liver colonization by platelets depended primarily on Kupffer cells at early and late stages of NASH, involving hyaluronan-CD44 binding. APT reduced intrahepatic platelet accumulation and the frequency of platelet-immune cell interaction, thereby limiting hepatic immune cell trafficking. Consequently, intrahepatic cytokine and chemokine release, macrovesicular steatosis and liver damage were attenuated. Platelet cargo, platelet adhesion and platelet activation but not platelet aggregation were identified as pivotal for NASH and subsequent hepatocarcinogenesis. In particular, platelet-derived GPIbα proved critical for development of NASH and subsequent HCC, independent of its reported cognate ligands vWF, P-selectin or Mac-1, offering a potential target against NASH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohsen Malehmir
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Pathology, University and University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Dominik Pfister
- Division of Chronic Inflammation and Cancer, German Cancer Research Center Heidelberg (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Suchira Gallage
- Division of Chronic Inflammation and Cancer, German Cancer Research Center Heidelberg (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Marta Szydlowska
- Division of Chronic Inflammation and Cancer, German Cancer Research Center Heidelberg (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Donato Inverso
- Division of Vascular Oncology and Metastasis, German Cancer Research Center Heidelberg (DKFZ-ZMBH Alliance), Heidelberg, Germany
- European Center of Angioscience (ECAS), Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Elena Kotsiliti
- Division of Chronic Inflammation and Cancer, German Cancer Research Center Heidelberg (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Institute for Virology, Technische Universität München/Helmholtz Zentrum München, Munich, Germany
| | - Valentina Leone
- Division of Chronic Inflammation and Cancer, German Cancer Research Center Heidelberg (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Research Unit of Radiation Cytogenetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Moritz Peiseler
- Calvin Phoebe & Joan Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Bas G J Surewaard
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology & Infectious Diseases, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Department of Medical Microbiology, University Medical Center, Utrmeecht, the Netherlands
| | - Dominik Rath
- Department of Cardiology and Circulatory Diseases, Internal Medicine Clinic III, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Adnan Ali
- Division of Chronic Inflammation and Cancer, German Cancer Research Center Heidelberg (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Monika Julia Wolf
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Pathology, University and University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Hannah Drescher
- Department of Medicine III, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Marc E Healy
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Pathology, University and University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Daniel Dauch
- Department of Internal Medicine VIII, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- Department of Physiology I, Institute of Physiology, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Daniela Kroy
- Department of Medicine III, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Oliver Krenkel
- Department of Medicine III, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Marlene Kohlhepp
- Department of Medicine III, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Thomas Engleitner
- Center for Translational Cancer Research (TranslaTUM), Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
- Department of Medicine II, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Alexander Olkus
- Division of Chronic Inflammation and Cancer, German Cancer Research Center Heidelberg (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Medical Faculty, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Tjeerd Sijmonsma
- Division of Chronic Inflammation and Cancer, German Cancer Research Center Heidelberg (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Julia Volz
- Institute of Experimental Biomedicine, University Hospital and Rudolf Virchow Center, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Carsten Deppermann
- Institute of Experimental Biomedicine, University Hospital and Rudolf Virchow Center, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - David Stegner
- Institute of Experimental Biomedicine, University Hospital and Rudolf Virchow Center, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Patrick Helbling
- Hematology, University Hospital and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | | | - Anahita Rafiei
- Hematology, University Hospital and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Martina Hinterleitner
- Department of Internal Medicine VIII, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- Department of Physiology I, Institute of Physiology, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Marcel Rall
- Department of Cardiology and Circulatory Diseases, Internal Medicine Clinic III, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Florian Baku
- Department of Cardiology and Circulatory Diseases, Internal Medicine Clinic III, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Oliver Borst
- Department of Cardiology and Circulatory Diseases, Internal Medicine Clinic III, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Caroline L Wilson
- Newcastle Fibrosis Research Group, Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK
| | - Jack Leslie
- Newcastle Fibrosis Research Group, Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK
| | - Tracy O'Connor
- Institute for Virology, Technische Universität München/Helmholtz Zentrum München, Munich, Germany
- Institute of Molecular Immunology and Experimental Oncology, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Christopher J Weston
- Centre for Liver Research and National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Birmingham Liver Biomedical Research Unit, Birmingham, UK
| | - Abhishek Chauhan
- Centre for Liver Research and National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Birmingham Liver Biomedical Research Unit, Birmingham, UK
| | - David H Adams
- Centre for Liver Research and National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Birmingham Liver Biomedical Research Unit, Birmingham, UK
- Liver Unit, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Trust, Birmingham, UK
| | - Lozan Sheriff
- Institute for Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Ana Teijeiro
- Cancer Cell Biology Programme, Growth Factors, Nutrients and Cancer Group, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre, CNIO, Madrid, Spain
| | - Marco Prinz
- Institute of Neuropathology, Medical Faculty, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Signalling Research Centres BIOSS and CIBSS, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Center for NeuroModulation, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Ruzhica Bogeska
- Division of Experimental Hematology, Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- DKFZ-ZMBH Alliance, Heidelberg Institute for Stem Cell Technology and Experimental Medicine (HI-STEM gGmbH) Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Natasha Anstee
- Division of Experimental Hematology, Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- DKFZ-ZMBH Alliance, Heidelberg Institute for Stem Cell Technology and Experimental Medicine (HI-STEM gGmbH) Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Malte N Bongers
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Mike Notohamiprodjo
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Tobias Geisler
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, University Hospital, Eberhard Karls University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Dominic J Withers
- Metabolic Signalling Group, MRC London Institute of Medical Sciences, London, UK
- Institute of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Jerry Ware
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA
| | - Derek A Mann
- Newcastle Fibrosis Research Group, Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK
| | - Hellmut G Augustin
- Division of Vascular Oncology and Metastasis, German Cancer Research Center Heidelberg (DKFZ-ZMBH Alliance), Heidelberg, Germany
- European Center of Angioscience (ECAS), Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Alexandros Vegiopoulos
- DKFZ Junior Group Metabolism and Stem Cell Plasticity, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Michael D Milsom
- Division of Experimental Hematology, Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- DKFZ-ZMBH Alliance, Heidelberg Institute for Stem Cell Technology and Experimental Medicine (HI-STEM gGmbH) Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Adam J Rose
- Nutrient Metabolism and Signalling Lab, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Biomedical Sciences, and Metabolism, Diabetes and Obesity Program, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Australia
| | - Patricia F Lalor
- Centre for Liver Research and National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Birmingham Liver Biomedical Research Unit, Birmingham, UK
| | - Josep M Llovet
- Mount Sinai Liver Cancer Program (Divisions of Liver Diseases, Department of Medicine, Department of Pathology, Recanati Miller Transplantation Institute), Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Liver Cancer Translational Research Laboratory, IDIBAPS, Liver Unit, Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Roser Pinyol
- Liver Cancer Translational Research Laboratory, IDIBAPS, Liver Unit, Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Frank Tacke
- Department of Medicine III, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Roland Rad
- Center for Translational Cancer Research (TranslaTUM), Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
- Department of Medicine II, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Matthias Matter
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Nabil Djouder
- Cancer Cell Biology Programme, Growth Factors, Nutrients and Cancer Group, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre, CNIO, Madrid, Spain
| | - Paul Kubes
- Calvin Phoebe & Joan Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology & Infectious Diseases, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Percy A Knolle
- Institute of Molecular Immunology and Experimental Oncology, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Kristian Unger
- Research Unit of Radiation Cytogenetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Lars Zender
- Department of Internal Medicine VIII, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- Department of Physiology I, Institute of Physiology, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- Translational Gastrointestinal Oncology Group, German Consortium for Translational Cancer Research (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Bernhard Nieswandt
- Institute of Experimental Biomedicine, University Hospital and Rudolf Virchow Center, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Meinrad Gawaz
- Department of Cardiology and Circulatory Diseases, Internal Medicine Clinic III, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Achim Weber
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Pathology, University and University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - Mathias Heikenwalder
- Division of Chronic Inflammation and Cancer, German Cancer Research Center Heidelberg (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.
- Institute for Virology, Technische Universität München/Helmholtz Zentrum München, Munich, Germany.
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