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Liu K, Ding RF, Xu H, Qin YM, He QS, Du F, Zhang Y, Yao LX, You P, Xiang YP, Ji ZL. Broad-Spectrum Profiling of Drug Safety via Learning Complex Network. Clin Pharmacol Ther 2019; 107:1373-1382. [PMID: 31868917 PMCID: PMC7325315 DOI: 10.1002/cpt.1750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2019] [Accepted: 11/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Drug safety is a severe clinical pharmacology and toxicology problem that has caused immense medical and social burdens every year. Regretfully, a reproducible method to assess drug safety systematically and quantitatively is still missing. In this study, we developed an advanced machine learning model for de novo drug safety assessment by solving the multilayer drug‐gene‐adverse drug reaction (ADR) interaction network. For the first time, the drug safety was assessed in a broad landscape of 1,156 distinct ADRs. We also designed a parameter ToxicityScore to quantify the overall drug safety. Moreover, we determined association strength for every 3,807,631 gene‐ADR interactions, which clues mechanistic exploration of ADRs. For convenience, we deployed the model as a web service ADRAlert‐gene at http://www.bio-add.org/ADRAlert/. In summary, this study offers insights into prioritizing safe drug therapy. It helps reduce the attrition rate of new drug discovery by providing a reliable ADR profile in the early preclinical stage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Ruo-Fan Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Han Xu
- School of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yang-Mei Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Qiu-Shun He
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Fei Du
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Yun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Li-Xia Yao
- Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Pan You
- Xiamen Xianyue Hospital, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Yan-Ping Xiang
- School of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Zhi-Liang Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China.,The Key Laboratory for Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
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2
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Landers CT, Tung HY, Knight JM, Madison MC, Wu Y, Zeng Z, Porter PC, Rodriguez A, Flick MJ, Kheradmand F, Corry DB. Selective cleavage of fibrinogen by diverse proteinases initiates innate allergic and antifungal immunity through CD11b. J Biol Chem 2019; 294:8834-8847. [PMID: 30992366 PMCID: PMC6552423 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra118.006724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2018] [Revised: 04/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Proteinases are essential drivers of allergic airway disease and innate antifungal immunity in part through their ability cleave the clotting factor fibrinogen (FBG) into fibrinogen cleavage products (FCPs) that signal through Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4). However, the mechanism by which FCPs engage TLR4 remains unknown. Here, we show that the proteinases from Aspergillus melleus (PAM) and other allergenic organisms rapidly hydrolyze FBG to yield relatively few FCPs that drive distinct antifungal mechanisms through TLR4. Functional FCPs, termed cryptokines, were characterized by rapid loss of the FBG α chain with substantial preservation of the β and γ chains, including a γ chain sequence (Fibγ390-396) that binds the integrin Mac-1 (CD11b/CD18). PAM-derived cryptokines could be generated from multiple FBG domains, and the ability of cryptokines to induce fungistasis in vitro and innate allergic airway disease in vivo strongly depended on both Mac-1 and the Mac-1-binding domain of FBG (Fibγ390-396). Our findings illustrate the essential concept of proteinase-activated immune responses and for the first time link Mac-1, cryptokines, and TLR4 to innate antifungal immunity and allergic airway disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cameron T Landers
- From the Translational Biology and Molecular Medicine Program
- Medicine
- the Medical Scientist Training Program, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030
| | - Hui-Ying Tung
- Medicine
- Departments of Pathology and Immunology and
- Biology of Inflammation Center, and
| | | | - Matthew C Madison
- From the Translational Biology and Molecular Medicine Program
- Medicine
| | - Yifan Wu
- Medicine
- Departments of Pathology and Immunology and
| | - Zhimin Zeng
- the Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China, and
| | | | | | - Matthew J Flick
- the Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Research Foundation, Cincinnati, Ohio 45229
| | - Farrah Kheradmand
- From the Translational Biology and Molecular Medicine Program,
- Medicine
- Departments of Pathology and Immunology and
- Biology of Inflammation Center, and
- the Michael E. DeBakey Veterans Affairs Center for Translational Research on Inflammatory Diseases, Houston, Texas 77030
| | - David B Corry
- From the Translational Biology and Molecular Medicine Program,
- Medicine
- Departments of Pathology and Immunology and
- Biology of Inflammation Center, and
- the Michael E. DeBakey Veterans Affairs Center for Translational Research on Inflammatory Diseases, Houston, Texas 77030
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3
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Seo YS, Kim HS, Lee AY, Chun JM, Kim SB, Moon BC, Kwon BI. Codonopsis lanceolata attenuates allergic lung inflammation by inhibiting Th2 cell activation and augmenting mitochondrial ROS dismutase (SOD2) expression. Sci Rep 2019; 9:2312. [PMID: 30783201 PMCID: PMC6381190 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-38782-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2018] [Accepted: 11/24/2018] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Allergic asthma is a chronic inflammatory disease induced by the inhalation of allergens, which trigger the activation of T helper type 2 (Th2) cells that release Th2 cytokines. Recently, herbal medicines are being considered a major source of novel agents to treat various diseases. In the present study, we evaluated the anti-asthmatic effects of a Codonopsis lanceolata extract (CLE) and the mechanisms involved in its anti-inflammatory effects. Treatment with CLE reduced infiltration of inflammatory cells, especially eosinophils, and the production of mucus in lung tissues. Levels of Th2 cytokines, such as IL-4, IL-5, and IL-13, and chemokines were also decreased following treatment with CLE. Moreover, Th2 cell proportion in vivo and differentiation in vitro were reduced as evidenced by the decreased expression of GATA3+. Furthermore, the expression of superoxide dismutase (SOD)2, a mitochondrial ROS (mROS) scavenger, was increased, which was related to Th2 cell regulation. Interestingly, treatment with CLE increased the number of macrophages in the lungs and enhanced the immune-suppressive property of macrophages. Our findings indicate that CLE has potential as a novel therapeutic agent to inhibit Th2 cell differentiation by regulating mROS scavenging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Soo Seo
- Herbal Medicine Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, 1672 Yuseong-daero, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34054, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyo Seon Kim
- Herbal Medicine Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, 1672 Yuseong-daero, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34054, Republic of Korea
| | - A Yeong Lee
- Herbal Medicine Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, 1672 Yuseong-daero, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34054, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Mi Chun
- Herbal Medicine Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, 1672 Yuseong-daero, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34054, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Bae Kim
- Herbal Medicine Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, 1672 Yuseong-daero, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34054, Republic of Korea
| | - Byeong Cheol Moon
- Herbal Medicine Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, 1672 Yuseong-daero, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34054, Republic of Korea
| | - Bo-In Kwon
- Herbal Medicine Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, 1672 Yuseong-daero, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34054, Republic of Korea. .,Department of Pathology, College of Korean Medicine, Sangji University, Wonju-si, Gangwon-do, 26339, Republic of Korea.
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4
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Kwon BI, Kim TW, Shin K, Kim YH, Yuk CM, Yuk JM, Shin DM, Jo EK, Lee CH, Lee SH. Enhanced Th2 cell differentiation and function in the absence of Nox2. Allergy 2017; 72:252-265. [PMID: 27253713 DOI: 10.1111/all.12944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/31/2016] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients with chronic granulomatous disease (CGD), whom inherit abnormal function of NADPH oxidase 2 (Nox2), suffer from hyperinflammatory responses in lung as well as bacterial and fungal infection. There have been studies to reveal the function of Nox2 in hyperinflammatory diseases, especially in asthma, but the exact role of Nox2 in asthma is still unclear and controversial. Therefore, we attempted to clarify the exact role of Nox2 in asthma, using various experimental asthma models. METHODS Asthma phenotypes were analyzed in response to various allergen-induced experimental asthma using Nox2-deficient mice and recombinase gene-activating-1-deficient mice. To understand the underlying mechanisms of exaggerated Th2 effector functions, we investigated the degree of T-cell activation, levels of activation-induced cell death (AICD), and regulatory T (Treg)-cell differentiation in Nox2-deficient T cells. RESULTS Asthma phenotypes were increased through enhanced Th2 differentiation and function in Nox2-null mice regardless of dose and route of various allergens. Nox2-deficient T cells also showed hyperactivation, reduced AICD, and diminished Treg-cell differentiation through increased AKT phosphorylation (T308/S473) and enhanced mitochondrial ROS production. CONCLUSION Our findings indicate that Nox2 deficiency results in exaggerated experimental asthma, which is caused by enhanced Th2 effector function in a T-cell-intrinsic manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- B.-I. Kwon
- Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering (GSMSE); Biomedical Research Center; KAIST Institute of the BioCentury; Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST); Daejeon Korea
- K-herb Research Center; Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine; Daejeon Korea
| | - T. W. Kim
- Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering (GSMSE); Biomedical Research Center; KAIST Institute of the BioCentury; Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST); Daejeon Korea
| | - K. Shin
- Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering (GSMSE); Biomedical Research Center; KAIST Institute of the BioCentury; Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST); Daejeon Korea
- Department of Dermatology; School of Medicine; Pusan National University; Busan Korea
| | - Y. H. Kim
- Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering (GSMSE); Biomedical Research Center; KAIST Institute of the BioCentury; Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST); Daejeon Korea
- Korean Medicine Convergence Research Division; Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine; Daejeon Korea
| | - C. M. Yuk
- Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering (GSMSE); Biomedical Research Center; KAIST Institute of the BioCentury; Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST); Daejeon Korea
| | - J.-M. Yuk
- Department of Microbiology; Infection Signaling Network Research Center; Chungnam National University School of Medicine; Daejeon Korea
| | - D.-M. Shin
- Department of Microbiology; Infection Signaling Network Research Center; Chungnam National University School of Medicine; Daejeon Korea
| | - E.-K. Jo
- Department of Microbiology; Infection Signaling Network Research Center; Chungnam National University School of Medicine; Daejeon Korea
| | - C.-H. Lee
- Animal Model Center; Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology; Daejeon Korea
| | - S.-H. Lee
- Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering (GSMSE); Biomedical Research Center; KAIST Institute of the BioCentury; Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST); Daejeon Korea
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5
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Lee AR, Chun JM, Lee AY, Kim HS, Gu GJ, Kwon BI. Reduced allergic lung inflammation by root extracts from two species of Peucedanum through inhibition of Th2 cell activation. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2017; 196:75-83. [PMID: 27965051 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2016.12.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2016] [Revised: 10/16/2016] [Accepted: 12/10/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL EVIDENCE Peucedani Radix (PR), the root of Peucedanum praeruptorum Dunn (PPD) or Peucedanum decursivum (Miq.) Maxim. (PDM), has long been used in Korea to eliminate sputum, relieve cough, and reduce bronchus contraction. Furthermore, these therapeutic strategies are recognized as general and effective methods in western medicine as well as traditional Korean medicine. AIM OF THE STUDY To determine and compare the anti-inflammatory effects of PPD extracts (PPDE) and PDM extracts (PDME) on allergic lung inflammation, using in vivo OVA-induced airway inflammation in mice and in vitro primary cell culture systems. MATERIALS AND METHODS Eight-week-old female C57BL/6 mice were placed into four groups (n=4 per group): saline control, OVA-induced allergic lung inflammation with vehicle, or PPDE (200mg/kg) or PDME (200mg/kg) treatment. PR extracts (PRE) were administered from 1 week before 1st OVA sensitization to the day before sacrifice. Mice were sacrificed 18h after last OVA intra-nasal challenge followed by histological and biochemical analyses. RESULTS Inflammatory phenotypes were alleviated with oral administration of PRE. PRE treatment decreased mucus production in airway epithelium, inflammatory cell number, eosinophilia, type 2 cytokines, and histamine in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF). Mice with PRE administration showed diminished activated CD4 T cell (CD4+CD25+ cell) and GATA-3 level in the lung. In addition, PRE treatment reduced Th2 cell activation in vitro, using Th2 polarization system. CONCLUSION Our findings indicate that the anti-inflammatory effects of PRE arise from reduced Th2 cell activation and validate the clinical use of PR in traditional Korean medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- A-Reum Lee
- K-herb Research Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine (KIOM), Daejeon 34054, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Mi Chun
- K-herb Research Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine (KIOM), Daejeon 34054, Republic of Korea
| | - A Yeong Lee
- K-herb Research Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine (KIOM), Daejeon 34054, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyo Seon Kim
- K-herb Research Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine (KIOM), Daejeon 34054, Republic of Korea
| | - Gyo Jeong Gu
- K-herb Research Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine (KIOM), Daejeon 34054, Republic of Korea
| | - Bo-In Kwon
- K-herb Research Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine (KIOM), Daejeon 34054, Republic of Korea.
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6
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Banerjee ER. Dissecting asthma pathogenesis through study of patterns of cellular traffic indicative of molecular switches operative in inflammation. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015; 2:1. [PMID: 27512648 PMCID: PMC4959125 DOI: 10.7603/s40855-015-0001-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2015] [Accepted: 10/20/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Background: Inflammation and degeneration are the two edged swords that impale a pulmonary system with the maladies like asthma and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. To explore critical role players that orchestrate the etiology and pathogenesis of these diseases, we used various lung disease models in mice in specific genetic knockout templates. Materials and methods: Acute and chronic allergic asthma and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis model in mouse was developed in various genetic knockout templates namely α4Δ/ Δ(α41-/-), β2-/-, and α4-/- β2 mice, and the following parameters were measured to assess development of composite asthma phenotype- (i) airway hyperresponsiveness to methacholine by measuring lung resistance and compliance by invasive and Penh by non-invasive plethysmography as well as lung resistance and compliance using invasive plethysmography, (ii) in situ inflammation status in lung parenchyma and lung interstitium and also resultant airway remodelling measured by histochemical staining namely Masson’s Trichrome staining and Hematoxylin&Eosin staining, (iii) formation of metaplastic goblet cells around lung airways by Alcian blue dye, (iv) measurement of Th1 and Th2 cytokines in serum and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALf), (v) serum allergen-specific IgE. Specifically, ovalbumin-induced acute allergic asthma model in mice was generated in WT (wildtype) and KO (knockout) models and readouts of the composite asthma phenotype viz. airway hypersensitivity, serum OVA-specific IgE and IgG, Th2 cytokine in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALf) and lymphocyte cell subsets viz. T, B cells, monocytes, macrophages, basophils, mast cells and eosinophils (by FACS and morphometry in H&E stained cell smears) were assessed in addition to lung and lymph node histology. Results: We noticed a pattern of cellular traffic between bone marrow (BM)→ peripheral blood (PB) → lung parenchyma (LP) → (BALf) in terms of cellular recruitment of key cell sub-types critical for onset and development of the diseases which is different for maintenance and exacerbations in chronic cyclically occurring asthma that leads to airway remodelling. While inflammation is the central theme of this particular disease, degeneration and shift in cellular profile, subtly modifying the clinical nature of the disease were also noted. In addition we recorded the pattern of cell movement between the secondary lymphoid organs namely, the cervical, axillary, ingunal, and mesenteric lymph nodes vis-à-vis spleen and their sites of poiesis BM, PB and lung tissue. While mechanistic role is the chief domain of the integrins (α4 i.e. VLA-4 or α4β1, VCAM-1; β2 i.e. CD18 or ICAM-1). Concluding remarks: The present paper thoroughly compares and formulates the pattern of cellular traffic among the three nodes of information throughput in allergic asthma immunobiology, namely, primary lymphoid organs (PLO), secondary lymphoid organs (SLO), and tissue spaces and cells where inflammation and degeneration is occurring within the purview of the disease pathophysiological onset and ancillary signals in the above models and reports some interesting findings with respect to adult lung stem cell niches and its resident progenitors and their role in pathogenesis and disease amelioration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ena Ray Banerjee
- Department of Zoology, University of Calcutta, 35, Ballygunge Circular Road, 700019 Kolkata, West Bengal India
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7
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Knight JM, Mak G, Shaw J, Porter P, McDermott C, Roberts L, You R, Yuan X, Millien VO, Qian Y, Song LZ, Frazier V, Kim C, Kim JJ, Bond RA, Milner JD, Zhang Y, Mandal PK, Luong A, Kheradmand F, McMurray JS, Corry DB. Long-Acting Beta Agonists Enhance Allergic Airway Disease. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0142212. [PMID: 26605551 PMCID: PMC4659681 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0142212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2015] [Accepted: 10/19/2015] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Asthma is one of the most common of medical illnesses and is treated in part by drugs that activate the beta-2-adrenoceptor (β2-AR) to dilate obstructed airways. Such drugs include long acting beta agonists (LABAs) that are paradoxically linked to excess asthma-related mortality. Here we show that LABAs such as salmeterol and structurally related β2-AR drugs such as formoterol and carvedilol, but not short-acting agonists (SABAs) such as albuterol, promote exaggerated asthma-like allergic airway disease and enhanced airway constriction in mice. We demonstrate that salmeterol aberrantly promotes activation of the allergic disease-related transcription factor signal transducer and activator of transcription 6 (STAT6) in multiple mouse and human cells. A novel inhibitor of STAT6, PM-242H, inhibited initiation of allergic disease induced by airway fungal challenge, reversed established allergic airway disease in mice, and blocked salmeterol-dependent enhanced allergic airway disease. Thus, structurally related β2-AR ligands aberrantly activate STAT6 and promote allergic airway disease. This untoward pharmacological property likely explains adverse outcomes observed with LABAs, which may be overcome by agents that antagonize STAT6.
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MESH Headings
- Adrenergic beta-2 Receptor Agonists/adverse effects
- Albuterol/therapeutic use
- Animals
- Anti-Asthmatic Agents/adverse effects
- Arrestins/deficiency
- Arrestins/genetics
- Aspergillosis, Allergic Bronchopulmonary/drug therapy
- Aspergillosis, Allergic Bronchopulmonary/genetics
- Aspergillosis, Allergic Bronchopulmonary/metabolism
- Aspergillosis, Allergic Bronchopulmonary/pathology
- Aspergillus niger/physiology
- Asthma/chemically induced
- Asthma/drug therapy
- Asthma/genetics
- Asthma/metabolism
- Bronchoconstriction/drug effects
- Carbazoles/adverse effects
- Carvedilol
- Disease Models, Animal
- Female
- Formoterol Fumarate/adverse effects
- Gene Expression
- Humans
- Lung/drug effects
- Lung/metabolism
- Lung/pathology
- Mice
- Mice, Knockout
- Peptidomimetics/pharmacology
- Propanolamines/adverse effects
- Receptors, Adrenergic, beta-2/deficiency
- Receptors, Adrenergic, beta-2/genetics
- STAT6 Transcription Factor/agonists
- STAT6 Transcription Factor/antagonists & inhibitors
- STAT6 Transcription Factor/genetics
- STAT6 Transcription Factor/metabolism
- Salmeterol Xinafoate/adverse effects
- beta-Arrestins
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Affiliation(s)
- John M Knight
- Departments of Pathology & Immunology and Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Garbo Mak
- Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Joanne Shaw
- Department of Otorhinolaryngolgy - Head and Neck Surgery, University of Texas Medical School at Houston, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Paul Porter
- Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Catherine McDermott
- Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Luz Roberts
- Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Ran You
- Departments of Pathology & Immunology and Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Xiaoyi Yuan
- Departments of Pathology & Immunology and Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Valentine O Millien
- Department of Medicine and the Translational Biology and Molecular Medicine Program, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Yuping Qian
- Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Li-Zhen Song
- Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Vincent Frazier
- Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Choel Kim
- Departments of Pharmacology, and Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Jeong Joo Kim
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Richard A Bond
- Department of Pharmacological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Houston College of Pharmacy, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Joshua D Milner
- Laboratory of Allergic Diseases, National Institutes of Allergic and Infectious Disease, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Yuan Zhang
- Laboratory of Allergic Diseases, National Institutes of Allergic and Infectious Disease, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Pijus K Mandal
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Amber Luong
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center and the Center for Immunology and Autoimmune Diseases, The Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine for the Prevention of Human Diseases, University of Texas Medical School at Houston, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Farrah Kheradmand
- Departments of Medicine and Pathology & Immunology, Translational Biology and Molecular Medicine Program, and the Biology of Inflammation Center, Baylor College of Medicine and the Michael E. DeBakey VA Center for Translational Research on Inflammatory Diseases, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - John S McMurray
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - David B Corry
- Departments of Medicine and Pathology & Immunology, Translational Biology and Molecular Medicine Program, and the Biology of Inflammation Center, Baylor College of Medicine and the Michael E. DeBakey VA Center for Translational Research on Inflammatory Diseases, Houston, Texas, United States of America
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8
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Lu W, You R, Yuan X, Yang T, Samuel ELG, Marcano DC, Sikkema WKA, Tour JM, Rodriguez A, Kheradmand F, Corry DB. The microRNA miR-22 inhibits the histone deacetylase HDAC4 to promote T(H)17 cell-dependent emphysema. Nat Immunol 2015; 16:1185-94. [PMID: 26437241 PMCID: PMC4597310 DOI: 10.1038/ni.3292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2015] [Accepted: 09/09/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Smoking-related emphysema is a chronic inflammatory disease driven by the T(H)17 subset of helper T cells through molecular mechanisms that remain obscure. Here we explored the role of the microRNA miR-22 in emphysema. We found that miR-22 was upregulated in lung myeloid dendritic cells (mDCs) of smokers with emphysema and antigen-presenting cells (APCs) of mice exposed to smoke or nanoparticulate carbon black (nCB) through a mechanism that involved the transcription factor NF-κB. Mice deficient in miR-22, but not wild-type mice, showed attenuated T(H)17 responses and failed to develop emphysema after exposure to smoke or nCB. We further found that miR-22 controlled the activation of APCs and T(H)17 responses through the activation of AP-1 transcription factor complexes and the histone deacetylase HDAC4. Thus, miR-22 is a critical regulator of both emphysema and T(H)17 responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Lu
- Department of Pathology &Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Ran You
- Department of Pathology &Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Xiaoyi Yuan
- Department of Pathology &Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Tianshu Yang
- Translational Biology and Molecular Medicine Program, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | | | | | | | - James M Tour
- Department of Chemistry, Rice University, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Antony Rodriguez
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Farrah Kheradmand
- Department of Pathology &Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
- Translational Biology and Molecular Medicine Program, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
- Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
- Biology of Inflammation Center and the Michael E. DeBakey Virginia Center for Translational Research on Inflammatory Diseases, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - David B Corry
- Department of Pathology &Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
- Translational Biology and Molecular Medicine Program, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
- Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
- Biology of Inflammation Center and the Michael E. DeBakey Virginia Center for Translational Research on Inflammatory Diseases, Houston, Texas, USA
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9
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Shin K, Kataru RP, Park HJ, Kwon BI, Kim TW, Hong YK, Lee SH. TH2 cells and their cytokines regulate formation and function of lymphatic vessels. Nat Commun 2015; 6:6196. [PMID: 25648335 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms7196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2014] [Accepted: 01/05/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Lymphatic vessels (LVs) are critical for immune surveillance and involved in the pathogenesis of diverse diseases. LV density is increased during inflammation; however, little is known about how the resolution of LVs is controlled in different inflammatory conditions. Here we show the negative effects of T helper type 2 (TH2) cells and their cytokines on LV formation. IL-4 and IL-13 downregulate essential transcription factors of lymphatic endothelial cells (LECs) and inhibit tube formation. Co-culture of LECs with TH2 cells also inhibits tube formation, but this effect is fully reversed by interleukin (IL)-4 and/or IL-13 neutralization. Furthermore, the in vivo blockade of IL-4 and/or IL-13 in an asthma model not only increases the density but also enhances the function of lung LVs. These results demonstrate an anti-lymphangiogenic function of TH2 cells and their cytokines, suggesting a potential usefulness of IL-4 and/or IL-13 antagonist as therapeutic agents for allergic asthma through expanding LV mediated-enhanced antigen clearance from the inflammatory sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kihyuk Shin
- Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Biomedical Research Center, KAIST Institute for the BioCentury, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 305-701, Korea
| | - Raghu P Kataru
- Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Biomedical Research Center, KAIST Institute for the BioCentury, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 305-701, Korea
| | - Hyeung Ju Park
- Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Biomedical Research Center, KAIST Institute for the BioCentury, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 305-701, Korea
| | - Bo-In Kwon
- Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Biomedical Research Center, KAIST Institute for the BioCentury, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 305-701, Korea
| | - Tae Woo Kim
- Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Biomedical Research Center, KAIST Institute for the BioCentury, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 305-701, Korea
| | - Young Kwon Hong
- Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90033, USA
| | - Seung-Hyo Lee
- Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Biomedical Research Center, KAIST Institute for the BioCentury, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 305-701, Korea
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10
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Leukotriene enhanced allergic lung inflammation through induction of chemokine production. Clin Exp Med 2014; 15:233-44. [DOI: 10.1007/s10238-014-0292-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2013] [Accepted: 04/26/2014] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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11
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Jeon JO, Kim S, Choi E, Shin K, Cha K, So IS, Kim SJ, Jun E, Kim D, Ahn HJ, Lee BH, Lee SH, Kim IS. Designed nanocage displaying ligand-specific Peptide bunches for high affinity and biological activity. ACS NANO 2013; 7:7462-71. [PMID: 23927443 DOI: 10.1021/nn403184u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Protein-cage nanoparticles are promising multifunctional platforms for targeted delivery of imaging and therapeutic agents owing to their biocompatibility, biodegradability, and low toxicity. The major advantage of protein-cage nanoparticles is the ability to decorate their surfaces with multiple functionalities through genetic and chemical modification to achieve desired properties for therapeutic and/or diagnostic purposes. Specific peptides identified by phage display can be genetically fused onto the surface of cage proteins to promote the association of nanoparticles with a particular cell type or tissue. Upon symmetrical assembly of the cage, peptides are clustered on the surface of the cage protein in bunches. The resulting PBNC (peptide bunches on nanocage) offers the potential of synergistically increasing the avidity of the peptide ligands, thereby enhancing their blocking ability for therapeutic purposes. Here, we demonstrated a proof-of-principle of PBNCs, fusing the interleukin-4 receptor (IL-4R)-targeting peptide, AP-1, identified previously by phage display, with ferritin-L-chain (FTL), which undergoes 24-subunit assembly to form highly stable AP-1-containing nanocage proteins (AP1-PBNCs). AP1-PBNCs bound specifically to the IL-4R-expressing cell line, A549, and their binding and internalization were specifically blocked by anti-IL-4R antibody. AP1-PBNCs exhibited dramatically enhanced binding avidity to IL-4R compared with AP-1 peptide, measured by surface plasmon resonance spectroscopy. Furthermore, treatment with AP1-PBNCs in a murine model of experimental asthma diminished airway hyper-responsiveness and eosinophilic airway inflammation along with decreased mucus hyperproduction. These findings hold great promise for the application of various PBNCs with ligand-specific peptides in therapeutics for different diseases, such as cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae Og Jeon
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Cell and Matrix Research Institute, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University , Daegu 700-422, Republic of Korea
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12
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Knight JM, Lee SH, Roberts L, Smith CW, Weiss ST, Kheradmand F, Corry DB. CD11a polymorphisms regulate TH2 cell homing and TH2-related disease. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2013; 133:189-97.e1-8. [PMID: 23726040 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2013.03.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2012] [Revised: 03/20/2013] [Accepted: 03/28/2013] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND TH2-dependent diseases vary in severity according to genotype, but relevant gene polymorphisms remain largely unknown. The integrin CD11a is a critical determinant of allergic responses, and allelic variants of this gene might influence allergic phenotypes. OBJECTIVE We sought to determine major CD11a allelic variants in mice and human subjects and their importance to allergic disease expression. METHODS We sequenced mouse CD11a alleles from C57BL/6 and BALB/c strains to identify major polymorphisms; human CD11a single nucleotide polymorphisms were compared with allergic disease phenotypes as part of the international HapMap project. Mice on a BALB/c or C57BL/6 background and congenic for the other strain's CD11a allele were created to determine the importance of mouse CD11a polymorphisms in vivo and in vitro. RESULTS Compared with the C57BL/6 allele, the BALB/c CD11a allele contained a nonsynonymous change from asparagine to aspartic acid within the metal ion binding domain. In general, the BALB/c CD11a allele enhanced and the C57BL/6 CD11a allele suppressed TH2 cell-dependent disease caused by the parasite Leishmania major and allergic lung disease caused by the fungus Aspergillus niger. Relative to the C57BL/6 CD11a allele, the BALB/c CD11a allele conferred both greater T-cell adhesion to CD54 in vitro and enhanced TH2 cell homing to lungs in vivo. We further identified a human CD11a polymorphism that significantly associated with atopic disease and relevant allergic indices. CONCLUSIONS Polymorphisms in CD11a critically influence TH2 cell homing and diverse TH2-dependent immunopathologic states in mice and potentially influence the expression of human allergic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- John M Knight
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Tex
| | - Seung-Hyo Lee
- Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, KAIST, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Luz Roberts
- Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Tex
| | - C Wayne Smith
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Tex; Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Tex
| | - Scott T Weiss
- Channing laboratory Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass
| | - Farrah Kheradmand
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Tex; Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Tex
| | - David B Corry
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Tex; Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Tex.
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13
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Shin K, Chung HC, Kim DU, Hwang JK, Lee SH. Macelignan attenuated allergic lung inflammation and airway hyper-responsiveness in murine experimental asthma. Life Sci 2013; 92:1093-9. [PMID: 23643632 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2013.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2012] [Revised: 03/20/2013] [Accepted: 04/18/2013] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Macelignan isolated from Myristica fragrans Houtt. is widely used for spice and flavoring for foods, and has been reported to have anti-inflammatory activity. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of macelignan on allergic lung inflammation with a murine model of experimental asthma. MAIN METHODS Fungal protease mixed with chicken egg ovalbumin allergen was used as a challenge to induce murine experimental asthma. To determine its effects on allergy and inflammation, macelignan was administered orally during allergen challenge, and the symptoms of allergic asthma and its underlined mechanisms were examined. KEY FINDINGS Treatment with macelignan attenuated eosinophilic airway inflammation and airway hyper-responsiveness. With the administration of macelignan, interleukin-4 (IL-4) producing cells, but not interferon-γ (IFN-γ) or IL-17 producing cells, were diminished in the lungs. Additionally, activation of the T helper type 2 (Th2) cell-specific master transcription factor, GATA3 was decreased with macelignan treatment. Finally, production of IL-4 but not IFN-γ or IL-17, by CD4(+) T cells was reduced with stimulation when combined with the administration of macelignan. SIGNIFICANCE Our data show that macelignan has anti-inflammatory effects on Th2 cell-mediated allergic lung inflammation and could potentially provide a novel preventative and/or therapy for the treatment of allergic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kihyuk Shin
- Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Biomedical Research Center, KAIST Institute for the BioCentury, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 305-701, Republic of Korea
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14
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Tighe RM, Potts EN, Feng F, Li Z, Frush B, He YW, Corry DB, Noble PW, Hollingsworth JW. Extracellular Matrix Protein Mindin is Required for the Complete Allergic Response to Fungal-Associated Proteinase. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012; 2011. [PMID: 23560245 PMCID: PMC3613851 DOI: 10.4172/2155-6121.s1-001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Asthma remains an important cause of morbidity and mortality with an incidence that continues to rise. Despite the importance of this disease, the mechanisms by which the host develops allergic airways disease remain poorly understood. The development of allergic airways disease appears to be contingent on activation of both the innate and adaptive immune system, but little is known about the cross-talk between these two systems. The extracellular matrix protein mindin (Spondin 2) has been previously demonstrated to have functional roles in both the innate and adaptive immunological responses. Previous work supports that pulmonary challenge with fungal-associated allergenic proteinase (FAP) induces an innate allergic response. We hypothesized that mindin would modify the biological response to FAP. Saline or FAP was administered by oropharyngeal aspiration to C57BL/6 wild type or mindin-null mice every 4 days for a total of five exposures. FAP exposed C57BL/6 mice developed enhanced airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR) to methacholine challenge and increased neutrophils and eosinophils in the bronchoalveolar lavage as compared to saline exposed controls. These responses were significantly reduced in mindin-null mice exposed to FAP. FAP challenge was associated with a broad induction of cytokines (IL-1β, TNFα, Th1, Th2, and IL-17), chemokines, and growth factors, which were reduced in mindin-null mice exposed to FAP. RNA expression in lung monocytes for representative M1 and M2 activation markers were increased by FAP, but were independent of mindin. Our observations support that challenge with FAP results in activation of both innate and adaptive immune signaling pathways in a manner partially dependent on mindin. These findings suggest a potential role for the extracellular matrix protein mindin in cross-talk between the innate and adaptive immune systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert M Tighe
- Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
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15
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Sehra S, Yao W, Nguyen ET, Ahyi ANN, Tuana FMB, Ahlfeld SK, Snider P, Tepper RS, Petrache I, Conway SJ, Kaplan MH. Periostin regulates goblet cell metaplasia in a model of allergic airway inflammation. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2011; 186:4959-66. [PMID: 21402898 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1002359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Periostin is a 90-kDa member of the fasciclin-containing family and functions as part of the extracellular matrix. Periostin is expressed in a variety of tissues and expression is increased in airway epithelial cells from asthmatic patients. Recent studies have implicated a role for periostin in allergic eosinophilic esophagitis. To further define a role for periostin in Th2-mediated inflammatory diseases such as asthma, we studied the development of allergic pulmonary inflammation in periostin-deficient mice. Sensitization and challenge of periostin-deficient mice with OVA resulted in increased peripheral Th2 responses compared with control mice. In the lungs, periostin deficiency resulted in increased airway resistance and significantly enhanced mucus production by goblet cells concomitant with increased expression of Gob5 and Muc5ac compared with wild type littermates. Periostin also inhibited the expression of Gob5, a putative calcium-activated chloride channel involved in the regulation of mucus production, in primary murine airway epithelial cells. Our studies suggest that periostin may be part of a negative-feedback loop regulating allergic inflammation that could be therapeutic in the treatment of atopic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarita Sehra
- Department of Pediatrics, Herman B. Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
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16
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Varga G, Nippe N, Balkow S, Peters T, Wild MK, Seeliger S, Beissert S, Krummen M, Roth J, Sunderkötter C, Grabbe S. LFA-1 contributes to signal I of T-cell activation and to the production of T(h)1 cytokines. J Invest Dermatol 2010; 130:1005-12. [PMID: 20072134 DOI: 10.1038/jid.2009.398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The beta(2) integrins are important for both transendothelial migration of leukocytes and T-cell activation during antigen presentation. In T cells, triggering of leukocyte functional antigen-1 (LFA-1) is required for full activation and T-helper (Th)1/Th2 differentiation. We used CD18-deficient (CD18(-/-)) mice to examine the role of LFA-1 in the activation of T cells. Compared with wild-type controls, CD18(-/-) T cells proliferated normally when stimulated with antibodies against CD3 and CD28, but secreted significantly less IFN-gamma and IL-2 than their wild-type counterparts. However, when T cells were stimulated with dendritic cells (DCs) that provide additional LFA-1 ligation, the proliferation of CD18(-/-) T cells was significantly reduced, whereas cytokine production remained impaired. The diminished proliferative capacity of CD18(-/-) T cells could be fully compensated for by additional triggering of the T-cell receptor, but not by additional stimulation through the costimulatory molecule, CD28. Thus, ligation of LFA-1 on T cells participates in regulation of Th1 cytokines in vivo. In addition, LFA-1 primarily exerts an effect as an enhancer of TCR signalling and does not facilitate classical costimulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georg Varga
- Department of Dermatology, University of Muenster, Muenster, Germany.
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Absence of alpha 4 but not beta 2 integrins restrains development of chronic allergic asthma using mouse genetic models. Exp Hematol 2009; 37:715-727.e3. [PMID: 19463772 DOI: 10.1016/j.exphem.2009.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2008] [Revised: 03/26/2009] [Accepted: 03/27/2009] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Chronic asthma is characterized by ongoing recruitment of inflammatory cells and airway hyperresponsiveness leading to structural airway remodeling. Although alpha 4 beta 1 and beta2 integrins regulate leukocyte migration in inflammatory diseases and play decisive roles in acute asthma, their role has not been explored under the chronic asthma setting. To extend our earlier studies with alpha 4(Delta/Delta) and beta2(-/-) mice, which showed that both alpha 4 and beta2 integrins have nonredundant regulatory roles in acute ovalbumin (OVA)-induced asthma, we explored to what extent these molecular pathways control development of structural airway remodeling in chronic asthma. MATERIALS AND METHODS Control, alpha 4(Delta/Delta), and beta2(-/-) mouse groups, sensitized by intraperitoneal OVA as allergen, received intratracheal OVA periodically over days 8 to 55 to induce a chronic asthma phenotype. Post-OVA assessment of inflammation and pulmonary function (airway hyperresponsiveness), together with airway modeling measured by goblet cell metaplasia, collagen content of lung, and transforming growth factor beta1 expression in lung homogenates, were evaluated. RESULTS In contrast to control and beta2(-/-) mice, alpha 4(Delta/Delta) mice failed to develop and maintain the composite chronic asthma phenotype evaluated as mentioned and subepithelial collagen content was comparable to baseline. These data indicate that beta2 integrins, although required for inflammatory migration in acute asthma, are dispensable for structural remodeling in chronic asthma. CONCLUSION alpha 4 integrins appear to have a regulatory role in directing transforming growth factor beta-induced collagen deposition and structural alterations in lung architecture likely through interactions of Th2 cells, eosinophils, or mast cells with endothelium, resident airway cells, and/or extracellular matrix.
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18
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Zárate-Bladés CR, Bonato VLD, da Silveira ELV, Oliveira e Paula M, Junta CM, Sandrin-Garcia P, Fachin AL, Mello SS, Cardoso RS, Galetti FCDS, Coelho-Castelo AAM, Ramos SG, Donadi EA, Sakamoto-Hojo ET, Passos GADS, Silva CL. Comprehensive gene expression profiling in lungs of mice infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis following DNAhsp65 immunotherapy. J Gene Med 2009; 11:66-78. [PMID: 19035575 DOI: 10.1002/jgm.1269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The continued increase in tuberculosis (TB) rates and the appearance of extremely resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains (XDR-TB) worldwide are some of the great problems of public health. In this context, DNA immunotherapy has been proposed as an effective alternative that could circumvent the limitations of conventional drugs. Nonetheless, the molecular events underlying these therapeutic effects are poorly understood. METHODS We characterized the transcriptional signature of lungs from mice infected with M. tuberculosis and treated with heat shock protein 65 as a genetic vaccine (DNAhsp65) combining microarray and real-time polymerase chain reaction analysis. The gene expression data were correlated with the histopathological analysis of lungs. RESULTS The differential modulation of a high number of genes allowed us to distinguish DNAhsp65-treated from nontreated animals (saline and vector-injected mice). Functional analysis of this group of genes suggests that DNAhsp65 therapy could not only boost the T helper (Th)1 immune response, but also could inhibit Th2 cytokines and regulate the intensity of inflammation through fine tuning of gene expression of various genes, including those of interleukin-17, lymphotoxin A, tumour necrosis factor-alpha, interleukin-6, transforming growth factor-beta, inducible nitric oxide synthase and Foxp3. In addition, a large number of genes and expressed sequence tags previously unrelated to DNA-therapy were identified. All these findings were well correlated with the histopathological lesions presented in the lungs. CONCLUSIONS The effects of DNA therapy are reflected in gene expression modulation; therefore, the genes identified as differentially expressed could be considered as transcriptional biomarkers of DNAhsp65 immunotherapy against TB. The data have important implications for achieving a better understanding of gene-based therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Rodrigo Zárate-Bladés
- Núcleo de Pesquisas em Tuberculose, Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brasil
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Effects of Nasal Instillation of Staphylococcal Enterotoxin B on Allergic Inflammation in Mice. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009. [DOI: 10.3342/kjorl-hns.2009.52.11.885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Lamhamedi-Cherradi SE, Martin RE, Ito T, Kheradmand F, Corry DB, Liu YJ, Moyle M. Fungal proteases induce Th2 polarization through limited dendritic cell maturation and reduced production of IL-12. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2008; 180:6000-9. [PMID: 18424720 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.180.9.6000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Allergens are capable of polarizing the T cell immune response toward a Th2 cytokine profile in a process that is mediated by dendritic cells (DCs). Proteases derived from Aspergillus species (Aspergillus proteases; AP) have been shown to induce a Th2-like immune response when administered directly to the airway and without adjuvant or prior priming immunizations at sites remote from the lung in models of allergic airway disease. To explore mechanisms that underlie the Th2 immune response, we have investigated the effect of AP on DC function. We found that human DCs derived from CD14(+) monocytes from healthy donors underwent partial maturation when incubated with AP. Naive allogeneic T cells primed with AP-activated DCs proliferated and displayed enhanced production of IL-4 and reduced expression of IFN-gamma as compared with naive T cells primed with LPS-activated DCs. Global gene expression analysis of DCs revealed relatively low expression of IL-12p40 in AP-activated DCs as compared with those activated by LPS, and this was confirmed at the protein level by ELISA. Exogenous IL-12p70 added to cocultures of DCs and T cells resulted in reduced IL-4 and increased IFN-gamma expression when DCs were activated with AP. When the proteolytic activity of AP was neutralized by chemical inactivation it failed to up-regulate costimulatory molecules on DCs, and these DCs did not prime a Th2 response in naive T cells. These findings provide a mechanism for explaining how proteolytically active allergens could preferentially induce Th2 responses through limited maturation of DCs with reduced production of IL-12.
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Lee SH, Prince JE, Rais M, Kheradmand F, Ballantyne CM, Weitz-Schmidt G, Smith CW, Corry DB. Developmental control of integrin expression regulates Th2 effector homing. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2008; 180:4656-67. [PMID: 18354189 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.180.7.4656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Integrin CD18, a component of the LFA-1 complex that also includes CD11a, is essential for Th2, but not Th1, cell homing, but the explanation for this phenomenon remains obscure. In this study, we investigate the mechanism by which Th2 effector responses require the LFA-1 complex. CD11a-deficient T cells showed normal in vitro differentiation and function. However, Th2 cell-dependent allergic lung disease was markedly reduced in CD11a null mice and wild-type mice given LFA-1 inhibitors, whereas control of infection with Leishmania major, a Th1-dependent response, was enhanced. In both disease models, recruitment of IL-4-, but not IFN-gamma-secreting cells to relevant organs was impaired, as was adhesion of Th2 cells in vitro. These diverse findings were explained by the markedly reduced expression of CD29, an alternate homing integrin, on Th2, but not Th1, cells, which precludes Th2 homing in the absence of CD11a. Thus, murine Th1 and Th2 cells use distinct integrins for homing, suggesting novel opportunities for integrin-based therapeutic intervention in diverse human ailments influenced by Th2 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung-Hyo Lee
- Department of Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
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22
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Corry DB, Kheradmand F. The future of asthma therapy: integrating clinical and experimental studies. Immunol Res 2008; 33:35-52. [PMID: 16120971 DOI: 10.1385/ir:33:1:035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Asthma is one of the most common, and now most heavily investigated, of modern diseases. Research along two fronts, involving experimental models of asthma and human clinical trials, proceeds in parallel, often with investigators unaware of their counterpart's findings. Here, we review the unique immunological insights into asthma pathogenesis and therapy that may be gained from comparison of human clinical trial results and analogous experimental studies. The pitfalls and benefits of animal models of asthma are discussed, and we briefly review ongoing asthma clinical studies that are based on immunological principals. Finally, we use new insights from human and animal studies to construct a refined immunopathologic disease model that may be of use in designing future experimental and therapeutic studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- David B Corry
- Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA.
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23
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Graf B, Bushnell T, Miller J. LFA-1-mediated T cell costimulation through increased localization of TCR/class II complexes to the central supramolecular activation cluster and exclusion of CD45 from the immunological synapse. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2007; 179:1616-24. [PMID: 17641028 PMCID: PMC3993012 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.179.3.1616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
T cell activation is associated with a dramatic reorganization of cell surface proteins and associated signaling components into discrete subdomains within the immunological synapse in T cell:APC conjugates. However, the signals that direct the localization of these proteins and the functional significance of this organization have not been established. In this study, we have used wild-type and LFA-1-deficient, DO11.10 TCR transgenic T cells to examine the role of LFA-1 in the formation of the immunological synapse. We found that coengagement of LFA-1 is not required for the formation of the central supramolecular activation cluster (cSMAC) region, but does increase the accumulation of TCR/class II complexes within the cSMAC. In addition, LFA-1 is required for the recruitment and localization of talin into the peripheral supramolecular activation cluster region and exclusion of CD45 from the synapse. The ability of LFA-1 to increase the amount of TCR engaged during synapse formation and segregate the phosphatase, CD45, from the synapse suggests that LFA-1 might enhance proximal TCR signaling. To test this, we combined flow cytometry-based cell adhesion and calcium-signaling assays and found that coengagement of LFA-1 significantly increased the magnitude of the intracellular calcium response following Ag presentation. These data support the idea that in addition to its important role on regulating T cell:APC adhesion, coengagement of LFA-1 can enhance T cell signaling, and suggest that this may be accomplished in part through the organization of proteins within the immunological synapse.
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MESH Headings
- Adjuvants, Immunologic/biosynthesis
- Adjuvants, Immunologic/genetics
- Adjuvants, Immunologic/physiology
- Animals
- Antigen-Presenting Cells/cytology
- Antigen-Presenting Cells/immunology
- Antigen-Presenting Cells/metabolism
- Cell Communication/genetics
- Cell Communication/immunology
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Histocompatibility Antigens Class II/metabolism
- Leukocyte Common Antigens/metabolism
- Lymphocyte Activation/genetics
- Lymphocyte Activation/immunology
- Lymphocyte Function-Associated Antigen-1/biosynthesis
- Lymphocyte Function-Associated Antigen-1/genetics
- Lymphocyte Function-Associated Antigen-1/physiology
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred BALB C
- Mice, Knockout
- Mice, Transgenic
- Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell/metabolism
- Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell/physiology
- Signal Transduction/genetics
- Signal Transduction/immunology
- T-Lymphocytes/cytology
- T-Lymphocytes/immunology
- T-Lymphocytes/metabolism
- Talin/metabolism
- Up-Regulation/immunology
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Affiliation(s)
- Beth Graf
- The David H. Smith Center for Vaccine Biology and Immunology, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14642
| | - Timothy Bushnell
- Center for Pediatric Biomedical Research, Aab Institute for Biomedical Research, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14642
| | - Jim Miller
- The David H. Smith Center for Vaccine Biology and Immunology, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14642
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14642
- Corresponding Author: Jim Miller, Center for Vaccine Biology and Immunology, Univ. Rochester, Box 609, 601 Elmwood Avenue, Rochester, NY 14642-8609 Phone (585) 275-9698, FAX (585) 273-2452,
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Kiss A, Montes M, Susarla S, Jaensson EA, Drouin SM, Wetsel RA, Yao Z, Martin R, Hamzeh N, Adelagun R, Amar S, Kheradmand F, Corry DB. A new mechanism regulating the initiation of allergic airway inflammation. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2007; 120:334-42. [PMID: 17544098 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2007.04.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2007] [Revised: 04/18/2007] [Accepted: 04/18/2007] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The earliest immune events induced by allergens are poorly understood, yet are likely essential to understanding how allergic inflammation is established. OBJECTIVE We sought to describe the earliest signaling events activated by allergen and determine their significance to allergic inflammation. METHODS A fungal-associated allergenic proteinase (FAP) or ovalbumin was administered once intranasally to wild-type mice to determine their ability to induce allergy-associated genes and initiate allergic lung inflammation. Mice deficient in recombinase activating gene 1, C3a, the C3a anaphylatoxin receptor, and MyD88 were challenged similarly to understand the requirement of these molecules and T and B cells for allergic inflammation. Adoptive T-cell transfer experiments were further performed to determine whether signal transducer and activator of transcription 6 (STAT6) was required for cell recruitment and allergic inflammation. RESULTS FAP, but not ovalbumin, induced eosinophilic airway inflammation and lung IL-4 production in the absence of adaptive immune cells after the transcriptional induction of allergy-specific airway chemokines. Allergen-mediated chemokine secretion and innate allergic lung inflammation occurred in the absence of STAT6, recombinase activating gene 1, C3a, C3a anaphylatoxin receptor, Toll-like receptor 4, and MyD88 but required intact proteinase activity. Furthermore, FAP induced recruitment of T(H)2 cells and eosinophils to lungs independently of STAT6, which was previously thought to be required for T(H)2 cell homing. CONCLUSION FAP induces allergic lung inflammation through a previously unrecognized innate immune signaling mechanism. CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS These findings reveal a new paradigm for understanding how allergic inflammation begins and suggest novel possibilities for the prevention and treatment of allergic diseases, such as asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Attila Kiss
- Department of Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, Texas, USA
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25
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Banerjee ER, Jiang Y, Henderson WR, Scott LM, Papayannopoulou T. Alpha4 and beta2 integrins have nonredundant roles for asthma development, but for optimal allergen sensitization only alpha4 is critical. Exp Hematol 2007; 35:605-17. [PMID: 17379071 DOI: 10.1016/j.exphem.2007.01.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2007] [Revised: 01/29/2007] [Accepted: 01/29/2007] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Recruitment of effector cell subsets to inflammatory lung, together with airway resident cells responsive to secreted products, play pivotal roles in developing and maintaining asthma. Differential use of adhesion molecules dictates the recruitment patterns of specific cell subsets, yet a clear understanding of the distinctive adhesive molecular pathways guiding them to lung is lacking. To provide further insight into the role of alpha4beta1/VCAM-1 pathway and to compare this to the role of beta2 integrin in the development of acute asthma phenotype, we used genetically deficient mice, in contrast to previous studies with anti-functional antibodies yielding ambiguous results. METHODS Allergen-dependent airway inflammation and hyperresponsiveness was induced in conditional alpha4(Delta/Delta), VCAM-1(-/-), and beta2(-/-) mice. Cytology, immunocytochemistry, cytokine and immunoglobulin measurements, and cell type accumulation in lung, BAL fluid, plasma, and hemopoietic tissues were carried out. RESULTS Asthma phenotype was totally abrogated in alpha4- or beta2-deficient mice. Adoptive transfer of sensitized alpha4(Delta/Delta) CD4(+) cells into challenged normal mice failed to induce asthma, whereas alpha4(+/+) CD4(+) cells were able to induce asthma in challenged alpha4(Delta/Delta) mice. Parallel studies with beta2(-/-) or VCAM-1(-/-) mice uncovered novel mechanistic insights in primary sensitization and into redundant or unique functional roles of these adhesion pathways in allergic asthma. CONCLUSIONS The lack of alpha4 integrin not only impedes the migration of all white cell subsets to lung and airways, but also prevents upregulation of vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) in inflamed lung vasculature and, unlike beta2, attenuates optimal sensitization and ovalbumin-specific IgE production in vivo. As VCAM-1 deficiency did not protect mice from asthma, interactions of alpha4beta1(+) or alpha4beta7(+) cells with other ligands are suggested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ena Ray Banerjee
- Divisions of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
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26
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Marski M, Ye AL, Abraham C. CD18 Is Required for Intestinal T Cell Responses at Multiple Immune Checkpoints. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2007; 178:2104-12. [PMID: 17277114 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.178.4.2104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The intestinal immune response to oral Ags involves a complex multistep process. The requirements for optimal intestinal T cell responses in this process are unclear. LFA-1 plays a critical role in peripheral T cell trafficking and activation, however, its role in intestinal immune responses has not been precisely defined. To dissect the role of LFA-1 in intestinal immune responses, we used a system that allows for segregation of T cell migration and activation through the adoptive transfer of LFA-1-deficient (CD18(-/-)) CD4(+) T cells from DO11.10 TCR transgenic mice into wild-type BALB/c mice. We find that wild-type mice adoptively transferred with CD18(-/-) DO11.10 CD4(+) T cells demonstrate decreases in the numbers of Ag-specific T cells in the intestinal lamina propria after oral Ag administration. We also find that in addition to its role in trafficking to intestinal secondary lymphoid organs, LFA-1 is required for optimal CD4(+) T cell proliferation in vivo upon oral Ag immunization. Furthermore, CD18(-/-) DO11.10 CD4(+) T cells primed in the intestinal secondary lymphoid organs demonstrate defects in up-regulation of the intestinal-specific trafficking molecules, alpha(4)beta(7) and CCR9. Interestingly, the defect in trafficking of CD18(-/-) DO11.10 CD4(+) T cells to the intestinal lamina propria persists even under conditions of equivalent activation and intestinal-tropic differentiation, implicating a role for CD18 in the trafficking of activated T cells into intestinal tissues independent of the earlier defects in the intestinal immune response. This argues for a complex role for CD18 in the early priming checkpoints and ultimately in the trafficking of T cells to the intestinal tissues during an intestinal immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marissa Marski
- Section of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
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27
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Challacombe JM, Suhrbier A, Parsons PG, Jones B, Hampson P, Kavanagh D, Rainger GE, Morris M, Lord JM, Le TTT, Hoang-Le D, Ogbourne SM. Neutrophils are a key component of the antitumor efficacy of topical chemotherapy with ingenol-3-angelate. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2007; 177:8123-32. [PMID: 17114487 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.177.11.8123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 142] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Harnessing neutrophils for the eradication of cancer cells remains an attractive but still controversial notion. In this study, we provide evidence that neutrophils are required to prevent relapse of skin tumors following topical treatment with a new anticancer agent, ingenol-3-angelate (PEP005). Topical PEP005 treatment induces primary necrosis of tumor cells, potently activates protein kinase C, and was associated with an acute T cell-independent inflammatory response characterized by a pronounced neutrophil infiltrate. In Foxn1(nu) mice depleted of neutrophils and in CD18-deficient mice (in which neutrophil extravasation is severely impaired) PEP005 treatment was associated with a >70% increase in tumor relapse rates. NK cell or monocyte/macrophage deficiency had no effect on relapse rates. Both in vitro and in mice, PEP005 induced MIP-2/IL-8, TNF-alpha, and IL-1beta, all mediators of neutrophil recruitment and activation. In vitro, PEP005 activated human endothelial cells resulting in neutrophil adhesion and also induced human neutrophils to generate tumoricidal-reactive oxygen intermediates. Treatment of tumors with PEP005 significantly elevated the level of anticancer Abs, which were able to promote neutrophil-mediated Ab-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) in vitro. PEP005 treatment of tumors grown in SCID mice was also associated with >70% increase in tumor relapse rates. Taken together, these data suggest a central role for neutrophil-mediated ADCC in preventing relapse. PEP005-mediated cure of tumors therefore appears to involve initial chemoablation followed by a neutrophil-dependent ADCC-mediated eradication of residual disease, illustrating that neutrophils can be induced to mediate important anticancer activity with specific chemotherapeutic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jodie M Challacombe
- Queensland Institute of Medical Research, Post Office Royal Brisbane Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland 4029, Australia
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Greenlee KJ, Corry DB, Engler DA, Matsunami RK, Tessier P, Cook RG, Werb Z, Kheradmand F. Proteomic identification of in vivo substrates for matrix metalloproteinases 2 and 9 reveals a mechanism for resolution of inflammation. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2007; 177:7312-21. [PMID: 17082650 PMCID: PMC2580826 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.177.10.7312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 132] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Clearance of allergic inflammatory cells from the lung through matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) is necessary to prevent lethal asphyxiation, but mechanistic insight into this essential homeostatic process is lacking. In this study, we have used a proteomics approach to determine how MMPs promote egression of lung inflammatory cells through the airway. MMP2- and MMP9-dependent cleavage of individual Th2 chemokines modulated their chemotactic activity; however, the net effect of complementing bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of allergen-challenged MMP2(-/-)/MMP9(-/-) mice with active MMP2 and MMP9 was to markedly enhance its overall chemotactic activity. In the bronchoalveolar fluid of MMP2(-/-)/MMP9(-/-) allergic mice, we identified several chemotactic molecules that possessed putative MMP2 and MMP9 cleavage sites and were present as higher molecular mass species. In vitro cleavage assays and mass spectroscopy confirmed that three of the identified proteins, Ym1, S100A8, and S100A9, were substrates of MMP2, MMP9, or both. Function-blocking Abs to S100 proteins significantly altered allergic inflammatory cell migration into the alveolar space. Thus, an important effect of MMPs is to differentially modify chemotactic bioactivity through proteolytic processing of proteins present in the airway. These findings provide a molecular mechanism to explain the enhanced clearance of lung inflammatory cells through the airway and reveal a novel approach to target new therapies for asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - David B. Corry
- Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030
- Department of Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030
| | - David A. Engler
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Medical School, Houston, TX 77030
| | | | - Philippe Tessier
- Infectious Diseases Research Center and Department of Medicine, Laval University, Québec, Canada
| | - Richard G. Cook
- Department of Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030
| | - Zena Werb
- Department of Anatomy, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143
| | - Farrah Kheradmand
- Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030
- Department of Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030
- Address correspondence and reprint requests to Dr. Farrah Kheradmand, Baylor University College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Suite 520B, Houston, TX 77030. E-mail address:
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Ghosh S, Chackerian AA, Parker CM, Ballantyne CM, Behar SM. The LFA-1 adhesion molecule is required for protective immunity during pulmonary Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2006; 176:4914-22. [PMID: 16585587 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.176.8.4914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Host immunity to Mycobacterium tuberculosis is mediated by T cells that recognize and activate infected macrophages to control intracellular bacterial replication. The early appearance of T cells in the lungs of infected mice correlates with greater resistance to infection. However, it is unknown whether the trafficking of T cells to the lung following infection is dependent upon the expression of certain adhesion molecules. To address this question, we infected knockout (KO) mice that have defective expression of CD11a, CD11b, CD18, CD62, CD103, or beta7. We found that the integrins CD11a and CD18 are absolutely required for host resistance following infection with aerosolized M. tuberculosis. Although Ag-specific T cells are generated following infection of CD11a KO mice, T cell priming is delayed, T cell trafficking to the lung is impaired, and fewer ESAT6-specific CD4+ T cells are found in the lungs of CD11a KO mice compared with control mice. Thus, LFA-1 (CD11a/CD18) plays an essential role in immunity to M. tuberculosis infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shamik Ghosh
- Division of Rheumatology, Immunology, and Allergy, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
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Marski M, Kandula S, Turner JR, Abraham C. CD18 is required for optimal development and function of CD4+CD25+ T regulatory cells. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2006; 175:7889-97. [PMID: 16339524 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.175.12.7889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
CD4+CD25+ T regulatory (Treg) cells inhibit immunopathology and autoimmune disease in vivo. CD4+CD25+ Treg cells' capacity to inhibit conventional T cells in vitro is dependent upon cell-cell contact; however, the cell surface molecules mediating this cell:cell contact have not yet been identified. LFA-1 (CD11a/CD18) is an adhesion molecule that plays an established role in T cell-mediated cell contact and in T cell activation. Although expressed at high levels on murine CD4+CD25+ Treg cells, the role of LFA-1 in these cells has not been defined previously. We hypothesized that LFA-1 may play a role in murine CD4+CD25+ Treg function. To evaluate this, we analyzed LFA-1-deficient (CD18-/-) CD4+CD25+ T cells. We show that CD18-/- mice demonstrate a propensity to autoimmunity. Absence of CD18 led to diminished CD4+CD25+ T cell numbers and affected both thymic and peripheral development of these cells. LFA-1-deficient CD4+CD25+ T cells were deficient in mediating suppression in vitro and in mediating protection from colitis induced by the transfer of CD4+CD25- T cells into lymphopenic hosts. Therefore, we define a crucial role for CD18 in optimal CD4+CD25+ Treg development and function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marissa Marski
- Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, IL 60637, USA
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Xu J, Park PW, Kheradmand F, Corry DB. Endogenous attenuation of allergic lung inflammation by syndecan-1. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2005; 174:5758-65. [PMID: 15843578 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.174.9.5758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The airway plays a vital role in allergic lung diseases by responding to inhaled allergens and initiating allergic inflammation. Various proinflammatory functions of the airway epithelium have been identified, but, equally important, anti-inflammatory mechanisms must also exist. We show in this study that syndecan-1, the major heparan sulfate proteoglycan of epithelial cells, attenuates allergic lung inflammation. Our results show that syndecan-1-null mice instilled with allergens exhibit exaggerated airway hyperresponsiveness, glycoprotein hypersecretion, eosinophilia, and lung IL-4 responses. However, administration of purified syndecan-1 ectodomains, but not ectodomain core proteins devoid of heparan sulfate, significantly inhibits these inflammatory responses. Furthermore, syndecan-1 ectodomains are shed into the airway when wild-type mice are intranasally instilled with several biochemically distinct inducers of allergic lung inflammation. Our results also show that syndecan-1 ectodomains bind to the CC chemokines (CCL7, CCL11, and CCL17) implicated in allergic diseases, inhibit CC chemokine-mediated T cell migration, and suppress allergen-induced accumulation of Th2 cells in the lung through their heparan sulfate chains. Together, these findings uncover an endogenous anti-inflammatory mechanism of the airway epithelium where syndecan-1 ectodomains attenuate allergic lung inflammation via suppression of CC chemokine-mediated Th2 cell recruitment to the lung.
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MESH Headings
- Adjuvants, Immunologic/deficiency
- Adjuvants, Immunologic/genetics
- Adjuvants, Immunologic/metabolism
- Adjuvants, Immunologic/physiology
- Administration, Intranasal
- Amino Acid Sequence
- Animals
- Antigens, Fungal/administration & dosage
- Aspergillus fumigatus/immunology
- Cell Migration Inhibition
- Chemokines, CC/antagonists & inhibitors
- Chemokines, CC/metabolism
- Gene Deletion
- Heparan Sulfate Proteoglycans/physiology
- Inflammation Mediators/metabolism
- Inflammation Mediators/physiology
- Interleukin-4/biosynthesis
- Lung/immunology
- Lung/metabolism
- Lung/pathology
- Membrane Glycoproteins/deficiency
- Membrane Glycoproteins/genetics
- Membrane Glycoproteins/metabolism
- Membrane Glycoproteins/physiology
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred BALB C
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Knockout
- Molecular Sequence Data
- Ovalbumin/administration & dosage
- Peptide Fragments/metabolism
- Peptide Fragments/physiology
- Protein Binding/immunology
- Protein Structure, Tertiary
- Proteoglycans/deficiency
- Proteoglycans/genetics
- Proteoglycans/metabolism
- Proteoglycans/physiology
- Respiratory Hypersensitivity/genetics
- Respiratory Hypersensitivity/immunology
- Respiratory Hypersensitivity/pathology
- Respiratory Hypersensitivity/prevention & control
- Syndecan-1
- Syndecans
- Th2 Cells/immunology
- Th2 Cells/metabolism
- Th2 Cells/pathology
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Xu
- Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
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32
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung-Hyo Lee
- Department of Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX 77030, USA
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33
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Abstract
Ever since the realization that T lymphocytes are key players in the defense against pathogens and tumors, a major aim of immunologists has been to understand the relationship between the functional and migratory properties of antigen-specific T cells. The current paradigm proposes that T cells follow organ-specific trafficking pathways to exit from blood into the extravascular compartment. T cell homing is regulated at the level of adhesion molecules and chemokine receptors, whose expression is linked tightly to the differentiation state of the cell. Naïve T lymphocytes follow relatively uniform recirculation routes through secondary lymphoid organs, the molecular cues of which are fairly well understood. As effector and memory T cells must be capable of reaching virtually any site in the body, their migratory behavior is considerably more heterogeneous. During the past few years, innovative approaches for tracking T cells in vivo have emerged. Here, we review recent technical developments in experimental methods for the visualization of T cells both at the population and single cell level in vivo, and discuss what these methods have taught us about T cell trafficking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amaya Iparraguirre
- CBR Institute for Biomedical Research and Department of Pathology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass., USA
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