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Lu HJ, Koju N, Sheng R. Mammalian integrated stress responses in stressed organelles and their functions. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2024; 45:1095-1114. [PMID: 38267546 PMCID: PMC11130345 DOI: 10.1038/s41401-023-01225-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2024] Open
Abstract
The integrated stress response (ISR) triggered in response to various cellular stress enables mammalian cells to effectively cope with diverse stressful conditions while maintaining their normal functions. Four kinases (PERK, PKR, GCN2, and HRI) of ISR regulate ISR signaling and intracellular protein translation via mediating the phosphorylation of eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 α (eIF2α) at Ser51. Early ISR creates an opportunity for cells to repair themselves and restore homeostasis. This effect, however, is reversed in the late stages of ISR. Currently, some studies have shown the non-negligible impact of ISR on diseases such as ischemic diseases, cognitive impairment, metabolic syndrome, cancer, vanishing white matter, etc. Hence, artificial regulation of ISR and its signaling with ISR modulators becomes a promising therapeutic strategy for relieving disease symptoms and improving clinical outcomes. Here, we provide an overview of the essential mechanisms of ISR and describe the ISR-related pathways in organelles including mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, and lysosomes. Meanwhile, the regulatory effects of ISR modulators and their potential application in various diseases are also enumerated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao-Jun Lu
- Department of Pharmacology and Laboratory of Aging and Nervous Diseases, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Nirmala Koju
- Department of Pharmacology and Laboratory of Aging and Nervous Diseases, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Rui Sheng
- Department of Pharmacology and Laboratory of Aging and Nervous Diseases, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China.
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2
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Angel M, Fleshler E, Atrash MK, Kinor N, Benichou JC, Shav-Tal Y. Nuclear RNA-related processes modulate the assembly of cytoplasmic RNA granules. Nucleic Acids Res 2024; 52:5356-5375. [PMID: 38366783 PMCID: PMC11109975 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkae119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Revised: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Stress granules (SGs) are cytoplasmic assemblies formed under various stress conditions as a consequence of translation arrest. SGs contain RNA-binding proteins, ribosomal subunits and messenger RNAs (mRNAs). It is well known that mRNAs contribute to SG formation; however, the connection between SG assembly and nuclear processes that involve mRNAs is not well established. Here, we examine the effects of inhibiting mRNA transcription, splicing and export on the assembly of SGs and the related cytoplasmic P body (PB). We demonstrate that inhibition of mRNA transcription, splicing and export reduces the formation of canonical SGs in a eukaryotic initiation factor 2α phosphorylation-independent manner, and alters PB size and quantity. We find that the splicing inhibitor madrasin promotes the assembly of stress-like granules. We show that the addition of synthetic mRNAs directly to the cytoplasm is sufficient for SG assembly, and that the assembly of these SGs requires the activation of stress-associated protein synthesis pathways. Moreover, we show that adding an excess of mRNA to cells that do not have active splicing, and therefore have low levels of cytoplasmic mRNAs, promotes SG formation under stress conditions. These findings emphasize the importance of the cytoplasmic abundance of newly transcribed mRNAs in the assembly of SGs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mor Angel
- The Mina & Everard Goodman Faculty of Life Sciences and Institute of Nanotechnology, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan 5290002, Israel
| | - Eden Fleshler
- The Mina & Everard Goodman Faculty of Life Sciences and Institute of Nanotechnology, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan 5290002, Israel
| | - Mohammad Khaled Atrash
- The Mina & Everard Goodman Faculty of Life Sciences and Institute of Nanotechnology, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan 5290002, Israel
| | - Noa Kinor
- The Mina & Everard Goodman Faculty of Life Sciences and Institute of Nanotechnology, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan 5290002, Israel
| | - Jennifer I C Benichou
- The Mina & Everard Goodman Faculty of Life Sciences and Institute of Nanotechnology, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan 5290002, Israel
| | - Yaron Shav-Tal
- The Mina & Everard Goodman Faculty of Life Sciences and Institute of Nanotechnology, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan 5290002, Israel
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Kwon A, Kim YS, Kim J, Koo JH. Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Activates Hepatic Macrophages through PERK-hnRNPA1 Signaling. Biomol Ther (Seoul) 2024; 32:341-348. [PMID: 38589295 PMCID: PMC11063487 DOI: 10.4062/biomolther.2023.174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Revised: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 04/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress plays a crucial role in liver diseases, affecting various types of hepatic cells. While studies have focused on the link between ER stress and hepatocytes as well as hepatic stellate cells (HSCs), the precise involvement of hepatic macrophages in ER stress-induced liver injury remains poorly understood. Here, we examined the effects of ER stress on hepatic macrophages and their role in liver injury. Acute ER stress led to the accumulation and activation of hepatic macrophages, which preceded hepatocyte apoptosis. Notably, macrophage depletion mitigated liver injury induced by ER stress, underscoring their detrimental role. Mechanistic studies revealed that ER stress stimulates macrophages predominantly via the PERK signaling pathway, regardless of its canonical substrate ATF4. hnRNPA1 has been identified as a crucial mediator of PERK-driven macrophage activation, as the overexpression of hnRNPA1 effectively reduced ER stress and suppressed pro-inflammatory activation. We observed that hnRNPA1 interacts with mRNAs that encode UPR-related proteins, indicating its role in the regulation of ER stress response in macrophages. These findings illuminate the cell type-specific responses to ER stress and the significance of hepatic macrophages in ER stress-induced liver injury. Collectively, the PERK-hnRNPA1 axis has been discovered as a molecular mechanism for macrophage activation, presenting prospective therapeutic targets for inflammatory hepatic diseases such as acute liver injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ari Kwon
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
- Department of Pharmacology, Department of Biomedicine & Health Sciences, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea
| | - Yun Seok Kim
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Jiyoon Kim
- Department of Pharmacology, Department of Biomedicine & Health Sciences, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea
| | - Ja Hyun Koo
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
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Rong J, Gu N, Tian H, Shen Y, Deng C, Chen P, Ma S, Ma Y, Hu X, Zhao R, Shi B. Association of the monocytes to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio with in-stent neoatherosclerosis and plaque vulnerability: An optical coherence tomography study. Int J Cardiol 2024; 396:131417. [PMID: 37802300 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2023.131417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Revised: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Monocyte-to-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio (MHR) is an independent predictor of atherosclerosis and in-stent restenosis (ISR). However, the association between MHR and the incidence of in-stent neoatherosclerosis (ISNA) remains to be validated. METHODS This study included 216 patients with acute coronary syndrome who had 220 ISR lesions and had undergone optical coherence tomography (OCT). All eligible patients were divided into three groups according to their MHR tertile level. OCT characteristics were comparatively analyzed between groups of different MHR levels, and univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were constructed to assess correlations between MHR level and ISNA as well as in-stent thin-cap fibroatheroma (TCFA). A receiver operating characteristic curve was used to determine the optimal MHR thresholds for predicting ISNA and in-stent TCFA. RESULTS The incidence of ISNA (70.3% vs. 61.1% vs. 20.3%, P < 0.001) and in-stent TCFA (40.5% vs. 31.9% vs. 6.8%, P < 0.001) was the highest in the third tertile, followed by the second and first tertiles, respectively. Multivariate analysis revealed that MHR was independently associated with ISNA (odds ratio [OR], 7.212; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.287-40.416; P = 0.025) and in-stent TCFA (OR, 5.610; 95% CI, 1.743-18.051; P = 0.004) after adjusting for other clinical factors. The area under the curve was 0.745 (95% CI, 0.678-0.811; P < 0.001) for the prediction of ISNA and 0.718 (95% CI, 0.637-0.778; P < 0.001) for the prediction of in-stent TCFA. CONCLUSION MHR levels are an independent risk factor for ISNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jidong Rong
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Ning Gu
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Hongqin Tian
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Youcheng Shen
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Chancui Deng
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Panke Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Shuai Ma
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Yi Ma
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Xingwei Hu
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Ranzun Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China.
| | - Bei Shi
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China.
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Tian S, Chen X, Wu W, Lin H, Qing X, Liu S, Wang B, Xiao Y, Shao Z, Peng Y. Nucleus pulposus cells regulate macrophages in degenerated intervertebral discs via the integrated stress response-mediated CCL2/7-CCR2 signaling pathway. Exp Mol Med 2024; 56:408-421. [PMID: 38316963 PMCID: PMC10907345 DOI: 10.1038/s12276-024-01168-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Revised: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/12/2023] [Indexed: 02/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Lower back pain (LBP), which is a primary cause of disability, is largely attributed to intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD). Macrophages (MΦs) in degenerated intervertebral discs (IVDs) form a chronic inflammatory microenvironment, but how MΦs are recruited to degenerative segments and transform into a proinflammatory phenotype remains unclear. We evaluated chemokine expression in degenerated nucleus pulposus cells (NPCs) to clarify the role of NPCs in the establishment of an inflammatory microenvironment in IDD and explored the mechanisms. We found that the production of C-C motif chemokine ligand 2 (CCL2) and C-C motif chemokine ligand 7 (CCL7) was significantly increased in NPCs under inflammatory conditions, and blocking CCL2/7 and their receptor, C-C chemokine receptor type 2(CCR2), inhibited the inductive effects of NPCs on MΦ infiltration and proinflammatory polarization. Moreover, activation of the integrated stress response (ISR) was obvious in IDD, and ISR inhibition reduced the production of CCL2/7 in NPCs. Further investigation revealed that activating Transcription Factor 3 (ATF3) responded to ISR activation, and ChIP-qPCR verified the DNA-binding activity of ATF3 on CCL2/7 promoters. In addition, we found that Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) inhibition modulated ISR activation, and TLR4 regulated the accumulation of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (mtROS) and double-stranded RNA (dsRNA). Downregulating the level of mtROS reduced the amount of dsRNA and ISR activation. Deactivating the ISR or blocking CCL2/7 release alleviated inflammation and the progression of IDD in vivo. Moreover, MΦ infiltration and IDD were inhibited in CCR2-knockout mice. In conclusion, this study highlights the critical role of TLR4/mtROS/dsRNA axis-mediated ISR activation in the production of CCL2/7 and the progression of IDD, which provides promising therapeutic strategies for discogenic LBP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuo Tian
- Department of Orthopedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
- Department of Orthopedics, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xuanzuo Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Wei Wu
- Department of Orthopedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Hui Lin
- Department of Orthopedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Xiangcheng Qing
- Department of Orthopedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Sheng Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - BaiChuan Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Yan Xiao
- Department of Radiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Zengwu Shao
- Department of Orthopedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China.
| | - Yizhong Peng
- Department of Orthopedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China.
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Bonfiglio R, Sisto R, Casciardi S, Palumbo V, Scioli MP, Giacobbi E, Servadei F, Melino G, Mauriello A, Scimeca M. Aluminium bioaccumulation in colon cancer, impinging on epithelial-mesenchymal-transition and cell death. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 908:168335. [PMID: 37939965 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.168335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Revised: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Abstract
We investigated the presence of aluminium (Al) in human colon cancer samples and its potential association with biological processes involved in cancer progression, such as epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) and cell death. 25 consecutive colon samples were collected from patients undergoing colonic resection. Both neoplastic and normal mucosa were collected from each patient and subjected to histological, ultrastructural and immunohistochemical analyses. Moreover, colon samples from two Al-positive patients underwent multi-omic analyses, including whole genome sequencing and RNA sequencing (RNAseq). Morin staining, used to identify in situ aluminium bioaccumulation, showed the presence of Al in tumor areas of 24 % of patients. Transmission electron microscopy and energy-dispersive X-ray microanalysis confirmed the presence of Al specifically in intracytoplasmic electrondense nanodeposits adjacent to mitochondria of colon cancer cells. Immunohistochemical analyses for vimentin and nuclear β-catenin were performed to highlight the occurrence of the EMT phenomenon in association to Al bioaccumulation. Al-positive samples showed a significant increase in both the number of vimentin-positive and nuclear β-catenin-positive cancer cells compared to Al-negative samples. Moreover, Al-positive samples exhibited a significant decrease in the number of apoptotic cells, as well as the expression of the anti-apoptotic molecule BCL-2. Multi-omic analyses revealed a higher tumor mutational burden (TMB) in Al-positive colon cancers (n = 2) compared to a control cohort (n = 100). Additionally, somatic mutations in genes associated with EMT (GATA3) and apoptosis (TP53) were observed in Al-positive colon cancers. In conclusion, this study provides the first evidence of Al bioaccumulation in colon cancer and its potential role in modulating molecular pathways involved in cancer progression, such as EMT and apoptosis. Understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying Al toxicity might contribute to improve strategies for prevention, early detection, and targeted therapies for the management of colon cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rita Bonfiglio
- Department of Experimental Medicine, TOR, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy.
| | - Renata Sisto
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Epidemiology and Hygiene, INAIL Research, Monte Porzio Catone, Rome 00078, Italy.
| | - Stefano Casciardi
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Epidemiology and Hygiene, INAIL Research, Monte Porzio Catone, Rome 00078, Italy.
| | - Valeria Palumbo
- Department of Experimental Medicine, TOR, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Paola Scioli
- Department of Experimental Medicine, TOR, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Erica Giacobbi
- Department of Experimental Medicine, TOR, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Francesca Servadei
- Department of Experimental Medicine, TOR, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Gerry Melino
- Department of Experimental Medicine, TOR, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy.
| | - Alessandro Mauriello
- Department of Experimental Medicine, TOR, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy.
| | - Manuel Scimeca
- Department of Experimental Medicine, TOR, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy.
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Fu W, Liu G, Kim SH, Kim B, Kim OS, Ma G, Yang Y, Liu D, Zhu S, Kang JS, Kim O. Effects of 625 nm light-emitting diode irradiation on preventing ER stress-induced apoptosis via GSK-3β phosphorylation in MC3T3-E1. Photochem Photobiol 2024. [PMID: 38214077 DOI: 10.1111/php.13906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Revised: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
Prolonged endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress contributes to cell apoptosis and interferes with bone homeostasis. Although photobiomodulation (PBM) might be used for ER stress-induced diseases, the role of PBM in relieving cell apoptosis remains unknown. During ER stress, glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK-3β) is critical; however, its functions in PBM remain uncertain. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the role of GSK-3β in 625 nm light-emitting diode irradiation (LEDI) relieving tunicamycin (TM)-induced apoptosis. Based on the results, pre-625 nm LEDI (Pre-IR) phosphorylated GSK-3β via ROS production. Compared with the TM group, Pre-IR + TM group reduced the phosphorylation of the α-subunit of eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 (eIF-2α) and B-cell lymphoma protein 2 (Bcl-2)-associated X (Bax)/Bcl-2 ratio through regulating GSK-3β. Furthermore, a similar tendency was observed between Pre-IR + TM and Pre-LiCl+TM groups in preventing TM-induced early and late apoptosis. In summary, this study suggests that the Pre-IR treatment in TM-induced ER stress is beneficial for preventing cell apoptosis via GSK-3β phosphorylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenqi Fu
- Department of Oral Pathology, School of Dentistry, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Guo Liu
- Department of Endodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Dental Science Research Institute, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Sun-Hun Kim
- Department of Oral Anatomy, School of Dentistry, Dental Science Research Institute, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Byunggook Kim
- Department of Oral Medicine, School of Dentistry, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Ok-Su Kim
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Guowu Ma
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Stomatology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Ying Yang
- Department of Oral Pathology, School of Dentistry, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Korea
- Dental Implant Center, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Danyang Liu
- Department of Oral Pathology, School of Dentistry, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Siyu Zhu
- Department of Oral Pathology, School of Dentistry, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Jae-Seok Kang
- Department of Oral Pathology, School of Dentistry, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Okjoon Kim
- Department of Oral Pathology, School of Dentistry, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Korea
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Perea V, Baron KR, Dolina V, Aviles G, Kim G, Rosarda JD, Guo X, Kampmann M, Wiseman RL. Pharmacologic activation of a compensatory integrated stress response kinase promotes mitochondrial remodeling in PERK-deficient cells. Cell Chem Biol 2023; 30:1571-1584.e5. [PMID: 37922906 PMCID: PMC10842031 DOI: 10.1016/j.chembiol.2023.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Revised: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
The integrated stress response (ISR) comprises the eIF2α kinases PERK, GCN2, HRI, and PKR, which induce translational and transcriptional signaling in response to diverse insults. Deficiencies in PERK signaling lead to mitochondrial dysfunction and contribute to the pathogenesis of numerous diseases. We define the potential for pharmacologic activation of compensatory eIF2α kinases to rescue ISR signaling and promote mitochondrial adaptation in PERK-deficient cells. We show that the HRI activator BtdCPU and GCN2 activator halofuginone promote ISR signaling and rescue ER stress sensitivity in PERK-deficient cells. However, BtdCPU induces mitochondrial depolarization, leading to mitochondrial fragmentation and activation of the OMA1-DELE1-HRI signaling axis. In contrast, halofuginone promotes mitochondrial elongation and adaptive mitochondrial respiration, mimicking regulation induced by PERK. This shows halofuginone can compensate for deficiencies in PERK signaling and promote adaptive mitochondrial remodeling, highlighting the potential for pharmacologic ISR activation to mitigate mitochondrial dysfunction and motivating the pursuit of highly selective ISR activators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valerie Perea
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Kelsey R Baron
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Vivian Dolina
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Giovanni Aviles
- Department of Biophysics and Biochemistry and Institute for Neurodegenerative Diseases, UCSF, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Grace Kim
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Jessica D Rosarda
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA; Department of Anatomy, Physiology, and Genetics, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA
| | - Xiaoyan Guo
- Department of Biophysics and Biochemistry and Institute for Neurodegenerative Diseases, UCSF, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Department of Genetics and Genome Sciences, University of Connecticut Health, Farmington, CT 06030, USA
| | - Martin Kampmann
- Department of Biophysics and Biochemistry and Institute for Neurodegenerative Diseases, UCSF, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - R Luke Wiseman
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.
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Ichimura A, Miyazaki Y, Nagatomo H, Kawabe T, Nakajima N, Kim GE, Tomizawa M, Okamoto N, Komazaki S, Kakizawa S, Nishi M, Takeshima H. Atypical cell death and insufficient matrix organization in long-bone growth plates from Tric-b-knockout mice. Cell Death Dis 2023; 14:848. [PMID: 38123563 PMCID: PMC10733378 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-023-06285-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Revised: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
TRIC-A and TRIC-B proteins form homotrimeric cation-permeable channels in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and nuclear membranes and are thought to contribute to counterionic flux coupled with store Ca2+ release in various cell types. Serious mutations in the TRIC-B (also referred to as TMEM38B) locus cause autosomal recessive osteogenesis imperfecta (OI), which is characterized by insufficient bone mineralization. We have reported that Tric-b-knockout mice can be used as an OI model; Tric-b deficiency deranges ER Ca2+ handling and thus reduces extracellular matrix (ECM) synthesis in osteoblasts, leading to poor mineralization. Here we report irregular cell death and insufficient ECM in long-bone growth plates from Tric-b-knockout embryos. In the knockout growth plate chondrocytes, excess pro-collagen fibers were occasionally accumulated in severely dilated ER elements. Of the major ER stress pathways, activated PERK/eIF2α (PKR-like ER kinase/ eukaryotic initiation factor 2α) signaling seemed to inordinately alter gene expression to induce apoptosis-related proteins including CHOP (CCAAT/enhancer binding protein homologous protein) and caspase 12 in the knockout chondrocytes. Ca2+ imaging detected aberrant Ca2+ handling in the knockout chondrocytes; ER Ca2+ release was impaired, while cytoplasmic Ca2+ level was elevated. Our observations suggest that Tric-b deficiency directs growth plate chondrocytes to pro-apoptotic states by compromising cellular Ca2+-handling and exacerbating ER stress response, leading to impaired ECM synthesis and accidental cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atsuhiko Ichimura
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
| | - Yuu Miyazaki
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
| | - Hiroki Nagatomo
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
| | - Takaaki Kawabe
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
| | - Nobuhisa Nakajima
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
| | - Ga Eun Kim
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
| | - Masato Tomizawa
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
| | - Naoki Okamoto
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
| | | | - Sho Kakizawa
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
| | - Miyuki Nishi
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Takeshima
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan.
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Mendes EA, Tang Y, Jiang G. The integrated stress response signaling during the persistent HIV infection. iScience 2023; 26:108418. [PMID: 38058309 PMCID: PMC10696111 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.108418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV) infection is a chronic disease under antiretroviral therapy (ART), during which active HIV replication is effectively suppressed. Stable viral reservoirs are established early in infection and cannot be eradicated in people with HIV (PWH) by ART alone, which features residual immune inflammation with disease-associated secondary comorbidities. Mammalian cells are equipped with integrated stress response (ISR) machinery to detect intrinsic and extrinsic stresses such as heme deficiency, nutrient fluctuation, the accumulation of unfolded proteins, and viral infection. ISR is the part of the innate immunity that defends against pathogen infection or environmental alteration, thereby maintaining homeostasis to avoid diseases. Here, we describe how this machinery responds to the off-target effects of ART and persistent HIV infection in both the peripheral compartments and the brain. The latter may be important for us to better understand the mechanisms of stable HIV reservoirs and HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erica A. Mendes
- UNC HIV Cure Center, Institute of Global Health and Infectious Diseases, the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7042, USA
| | - Yuyang Tang
- UNC HIV Cure Center, Institute of Global Health and Infectious Diseases, the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7042, USA
| | - Guochun Jiang
- UNC HIV Cure Center, Institute of Global Health and Infectious Diseases and the Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599- 7042, USA
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11
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Dominguez JH, Xie D, Kelly KJ. Renal, but not platelet or skin, extracellular vesicles decrease oxidative stress, enhance nascent peptide synthesis, and protect from ischemic renal injury. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2023; 325:F164-F176. [PMID: 37318988 PMCID: PMC10393335 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00321.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Revised: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute kidney injury (AKI) is deadly and expensive, and specific, effective therapy remains a large unmet need. We have demonstrated the beneficial effects of transplanted adult tubular cells and extracellular vesicles (EVs; exosomes) derived from those renal cells on experimental ischemic AKI, even when administered after renal failure is established. To further examine the mechanisms of benefit with renal EVs, we tested the hypothesis that EVs from other epithelia or platelets (a rich source of EVs) might be protective, using a well-characterized ischemia-reperfusion model. When given after renal failure was present, renal EVs, but not those from skin or platelets, markedly improved renal function and histology. The differential effects allowed us to examine the mechanisms of benefit with renal EVs. We found significant decreases in oxidative stress postischemia in the renal EV-treated group with preservation of renal superoxide dismutase and catalase as well as increases in anti-inflammatory interleukin-10. In addition, we propose a novel mechanism of benefit: renal EVs enhanced nascent peptide synthesis following hypoxia in cells and in postischemic kidneys. Although EVs have been used therapeutically, these results serve as "proof of principle" to examine the mechanisms of injury and protection.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Acute kidney injury is common and deadly, yet the only approved treatment is dialysis. Thus, a better understanding of injury mechanisms and potential therapies is needed. We found that organ-specific, but not extrarenal, extracellular vesicles improved renal function and structure postischemia when given after renal failure occurred. Oxidative stress was decreased and anti-inflammatory interleukin-10 increased with renal, but not skin or platelet, exosomes. We also propose enhanced nascent peptide synthesis as a novel protective mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesus H. Dominguez
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, United States
- Roudebush Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Indianapolis, Indiana, United States
| | - Danhui Xie
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, United States
| | - K. J. Kelly
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, United States
- Roudebush Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Indianapolis, Indiana, United States
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12
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Ojanguren A, Parapanov R, Debonneville A, Lugrin J, Szabo C, Hasenauer A, Rosner L, Gonzalez M, Perentes JY, Krueger T, Liaudet L. Therapeutic reconditioning of damaged lungs by transient heat stress during ex vivo lung perfusion. Am J Transplant 2023; 23:1130-1144. [PMID: 37217006 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajt.2023.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Revised: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Ex vivo lung perfusion (EVLP) may serve as a platform for the pharmacologic repair of lung grafts before transplantation (LTx). We hypothesized that EVLP could also permit nonpharmacologic repair through the induction of a heat shock response, which confers stress adaptation via the expression of heat shock proteins (HSPs). Therefore, we evaluated whether transient heat application during EVLP (thermal preconditioning [TP]) might recondition damaged lungs before LTx. TP was performed during EVLP (3 hours) of rat lungs damaged by warm ischemia by transiently heating (30 minutes, 41.5 °C) the EVLP perfusate, followed by LTx (2 hours) reperfusion. We also assessed the TP (30 minutes, 42 °C) during EVLP (4 hours) of swine lungs damaged by prolonged cold ischemia. In rat lungs, TP induced HSP expression, reduced nuclear factor κB and inflammasome activity, oxidative stress, epithelial injury, inflammatory cytokines, necroptotic death signaling, and the expression of genes involved in innate immune and cell death pathways. After LTx, heated lungs displayed reduced inflammation, edema, histologic damage, improved compliance, and unchanged oxygenation. In pig lungs, TP induced HSP expression, reduced oxidative stress, inflammation, epithelial damage, vascular resistance, and ameliorated compliance. Collectively, these data indicate that transient heat application during EVLP promotes significant reconditioning of damaged lungs and improves their outcomes after transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amaia Ojanguren
- Service of Thoracic Surgery, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland; Service of Thoracic Surgery, Germans Trias i Pujol University Hospital, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Roumen Parapanov
- Service of Thoracic Surgery, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland; Service of Adult Intensive Care Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Anne Debonneville
- Service of Thoracic Surgery, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland; Service of Adult Intensive Care Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Jérôme Lugrin
- Service of Thoracic Surgery, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland; Service of Adult Intensive Care Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Csaba Szabo
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Science and Medicine, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Arpad Hasenauer
- Service of Thoracic Surgery, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Lorenzo Rosner
- Service of Anesthesiology, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Michel Gonzalez
- Service of Thoracic Surgery, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Jean-Yannis Perentes
- Service of Thoracic Surgery, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Thorsten Krueger
- Service of Thoracic Surgery, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland.
| | - Lucas Liaudet
- Service of Adult Intensive Care Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
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Fernandes MGF, Mohammadnia A, Pernin F, Schmitz-Gielsdorf LE, Hodgins C, Cui QL, Yaqubi M, Blain M, Hall J, Dudley R, Srour M, Zandee SEJ, Klement W, Prat A, Stratton JA, Rodriguez M, Kuhlmann T, Moore W, Kennedy TE, Antel JP. Mechanisms of metabolic stress induced cell death of human oligodendrocytes: relevance for progressive multiple sclerosis. Acta Neuropathol Commun 2023; 11:108. [PMID: 37408029 DOI: 10.1186/s40478-023-01601-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Oligodendrocyte (OL) injury and loss are central features of evolving lesions in multiple sclerosis. Potential causative mechanisms of OL loss include metabolic stress within the lesion microenvironment. Here we use the injury response of primary human OLs (hOLs) to metabolic stress (reduced glucose/nutrients) in vitro to help define the basis for the in situ features of OLs in cases of MS. Under metabolic stress in vitro, we detected reduction in ATP levels per cell that precede changes in survival. Autophagy was initially activated, although ATP levels were not altered by inhibitors (chloroquine) or activators (Torin-1). Prolonged stress resulted in autophagy failure, documented by non-fusion of autophagosomes and lysosomes. Consistent with our in vitro results, we detected higher expression of LC3, a marker of autophagosomes in OLs, in MS lesions compared to controls. Both in vitro and in situ, we observe a reduction in nuclear size of remaining OLs. Prolonged stress resulted in increased ROS and cleavage of spectrin, a target of Ca2+-dependent proteases. Cell death was however not prevented by inhibitors of ferroptosis or MPT-driven necrosis, the regulated cell death (RCD) pathways most likely to be activated by metabolic stress. hOLs have decreased expression of VDAC1, VDAC2, and of genes regulating iron accumulation and cyclophilin. RNA sequencing analyses did not identify activation of these RCD pathways in vitro or in MS cases. We conclude that this distinct response of hOLs, including resistance to RCD, reflects the combined impact of autophagy failure, increased ROS, and calcium influx, resulting in metabolic collapse and degeneration of cellular structural integrity. Defining the basis of OL injury and death provides guidance for development of neuro-protective strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milton Guilherme Forestieri Fernandes
- Neuroimmunology Unit, Montreal Neurological Institute, Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, 3801 Rue University, Montreal, QC, H3A 2B4, Canada
| | - Abdulshakour Mohammadnia
- Neuroimmunology Unit, Montreal Neurological Institute, Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, 3801 Rue University, Montreal, QC, H3A 2B4, Canada
| | - Florian Pernin
- Neuroimmunology Unit, Montreal Neurological Institute, Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, 3801 Rue University, Montreal, QC, H3A 2B4, Canada
| | | | - Caroline Hodgins
- Neuroimmunology Unit, Montreal Neurological Institute, Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, 3801 Rue University, Montreal, QC, H3A 2B4, Canada
| | - Qiao-Ling Cui
- Neuroimmunology Unit, Montreal Neurological Institute, Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, 3801 Rue University, Montreal, QC, H3A 2B4, Canada
| | - Moein Yaqubi
- Neuroimmunology Unit, Montreal Neurological Institute, Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, 3801 Rue University, Montreal, QC, H3A 2B4, Canada
| | - Manon Blain
- Neuroimmunology Unit, Montreal Neurological Institute, Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, 3801 Rue University, Montreal, QC, H3A 2B4, Canada
| | - Jeffery Hall
- Department of Neurosurgery, Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University Health Centre, 3801 Rue University, Montreal, QC, H3A 2B4, Canada
| | - Roy Dudley
- Department of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Montreal Children's Hospital, 1001 Decarie Blvd, Montreal, QC, H4A 3J1, Canada
| | - Myriam Srour
- Division of Pediatric Neurology, Montreal Children's Hospital, 1001 Decarie Blvd, Montreal, QC, H4A 3J1, Canada
| | - Stephanie E J Zandee
- Department of Neuroscience, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Pavillon Roger- Gaudry, 2900 Edouard Montpetit Blvd, Montreal, QC, H3T 1J4, Canada
| | - Wendy Klement
- Department of Neuroscience, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Pavillon Roger- Gaudry, 2900 Edouard Montpetit Blvd, Montreal, QC, H3T 1J4, Canada
| | - Alexandre Prat
- Department of Neuroscience, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Pavillon Roger- Gaudry, 2900 Edouard Montpetit Blvd, Montreal, QC, H3T 1J4, Canada
| | - Jo Anne Stratton
- Neuroimmunology Unit, Montreal Neurological Institute, Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, 3801 Rue University, Montreal, QC, H3A 2B4, Canada
| | - Moses Rodriguez
- Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic Foundation, 1216 2nd St SW, Rochester, MN, 55902, USA
| | - Tanja Kuhlmann
- Institute of Neuropathology, University Hospital Münster, Albert-Schweitzer-Campus 1, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Wayne Moore
- Neuroimmunology Unit, Montreal Neurological Institute, Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, 3801 Rue University, Montreal, QC, H3A 2B4, Canada
| | - Timothy E Kennedy
- Neuroimmunology Unit, Montreal Neurological Institute, Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, 3801 Rue University, Montreal, QC, H3A 2B4, Canada
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, 3801 Rue University, Montreal, QC, H3A 2B4, Canada
| | - Jack P Antel
- Neuroimmunology Unit, Montreal Neurological Institute, Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, 3801 Rue University, Montreal, QC, H3A 2B4, Canada.
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Crewe C. Energetic Stress-Induced Metabolic Regulation by Extracellular Vesicles. Compr Physiol 2023; 13:5051-5068. [PMID: 37358503 PMCID: PMC10414774 DOI: 10.1002/cphy.c230001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/27/2023]
Abstract
Recent studies have demonstrated that extracellular vesicles (EVs) serve powerful and complex functions in metabolic regulation and metabolic-associated disease, although this field of research is still in its infancy. EVs are released into the extracellular space from all cells and carry a wide range of cargo including miRNAs, mRNA, DNA, proteins, and metabolites that have robust signaling effects in receiving cells. EV production is stimulated by all major stress pathways and, as such, has a role in both restoring homeostasis during stress and perpetuating disease. In metabolic regulation, the dominant stress signal is a lack of energy due to either nutrient deficits or damaged mitochondria from nutrient excess. This stress signal is termed "energetic stress," which triggers a robust and evolutionarily conserved response that engages major cellular stress pathways, the ER unfolded protein response, the hypoxia response, the antioxidant response, and autophagy. This article proposes the model that energetic stress is the dominant stimulator of EV release with a focus on metabolically important cells such as hepatocytes, adipocytes, myocytes, and pancreatic β-cells. Furthermore, this article will discuss how the cargo in stress-stimulated EVs regulates metabolism in receiving cells in both beneficial and detrimental ways. © 2023 American Physiological Society. Compr Physiol 13:5051-5068, 2023.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clair Crewe
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Lipid Research, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
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15
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Perea V, Baron KR, Dolina V, Aviles G, Rosarda JD, Guo X, Kampmann M, Wiseman RL. Pharmacologic Activation of a Compensatory Integrated Stress Response Kinase Promotes Mitochondrial Remodeling in PERK-deficient Cells. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.03.11.532186. [PMID: 36945406 PMCID: PMC10029010 DOI: 10.1101/2023.03.11.532186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/13/2023]
Abstract
The integrated stress response (ISR) comprises the eIF2α kinases PERK, GCN2, HRI, and PKR, which induce translational and transcriptional signaling in response to diverse insults. Deficiencies in PERK signaling lead to mitochondrial dysfunction and contribute to the pathogenesis of numerous diseases. We define the potential for pharmacologic activation of compensatory eIF2α kinases to rescue ISR signaling and promote mitochondrial adaptation in PERK-deficient cells. We show that the HRI activator BtdCPU and GCN2 activator halofuginone promote ISR signaling and rescue ER stress sensitivity in PERK-deficient cells. However, BtdCPU induces mitochondrial depolarization, leading to mitochondrial fragmentation and activation of the OMA1-DELE1-HRI signaling axis. In contrast, halofuginone promotes mitochondrial elongation and adaptive mitochondrial respiration, mimicking regulation induced by PERK. This shows halofuginone can compensate for deficiencies in PERK signaling and promote adaptive mitochondrial remodeling, highlighting the potential for pharmacologic ISR activation to mitigate mitochondrial dysfunction and motivating the pursuit of highly-selective ISR activators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valerie Perea
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037
- Authors contributed equally
| | - Kelsey R. Baron
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037
- Authors contributed equally
| | - Vivian Dolina
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037
| | - Giovanni Aviles
- Department of Biophysics and Biochemistry and Institute for Neurodegenerative Diseases, UCSF, San Francisco, CA 94158
| | - Jessica D. Rosarda
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037
| | - Xiaoyan Guo
- Department of Biophysics and Biochemistry and Institute for Neurodegenerative Diseases, UCSF, San Francisco, CA 94158
- Department of Genetics and Genome Sciences, University of Connecticut Health, Farmington, CT 06030
| | - Martin Kampmann
- Department of Biophysics and Biochemistry and Institute for Neurodegenerative Diseases, UCSF, San Francisco, CA 94158
| | - R. Luke Wiseman
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037
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16
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Moeinabadi-Bidgoli K, Rezaee M, Hossein-Khannazer N, Babajani A, Aghdaei HA, Arki MK, Afaghi S, Niknejad H, Vosough M. Exosomes for angiogenesis induction in ischemic disorders. J Cell Mol Med 2023; 27:763-787. [PMID: 36786037 PMCID: PMC10003030 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.17689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Revised: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Ischaemic disorders are leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. While the current therapeutic approaches have improved life expectancy and quality of life, they are unable to "cure" ischemic diseases and instate regeneration of damaged tissues. Exosomes are a class of extracellular vesicles with an average size of 100-150 nm, secreted by many cell types and considered a potent factor of cells for paracrine effects. Since exosomes contain multiple bioactive components such as growth factors, molecular intermediates of different intracellular pathways, microRNAs and nucleic acids, they are considered as cell-free therapeutics. Besides, exosomes do not rise cell therapy concerns such as teratoma formation, alloreactivity and thrombotic events. In addition, exosomes are stored and utilized more convenient. Interestingly, exosomes could be an ideal complementary therapeutic tool for ischemic disorders. In this review, we discussed therapeutic functions of exosomes in ischemic disorders including angiogenesis induction through various mechanisms with specific attention to vascular endothelial growth factor pathway. Furthermore, different delivery routes of exosomes and different modification strategies including cell preconditioning, gene modification and bioconjugation, were highlighted. Finally, pre-clinical and clinical investigations in which exosomes were used were discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kasra Moeinabadi-Bidgoli
- Basic and Molecular Epidemiology of Gastroenterology Disorders Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Malihe Rezaee
- School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nikoo Hossein-Khannazer
- Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amirhesam Babajani
- Oncopathology Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamid Asadzadeh Aghdaei
- Basic and Molecular Epidemiology of Gastroenterology Disorders Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mandana Kazem Arki
- Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Siamak Afaghi
- Prevention of Metabolic Disorders Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hassan Niknejad
- Oncopathology Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Massoud Vosough
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran.,Experimental Cancer Medicine, Institution for Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
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Lopez-Soler RI, Nikouee A, Kim M, Khan S, Sivaraman L, Ding X, Zang QS. Beclin-1 dependent autophagy improves renal outcomes following Unilateral Ureteral Obstruction (UUO) injury. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1104652. [PMID: 36875088 PMCID: PMC9978333 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1104652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Interstitial Fibrosis and Tubular Atrophy (IFTA) is the most common cause of long-term graft failure following renal transplant. One of the hallmarks of IFTA is the development of interstitial fibrosis and loss of normal renal architecture. In this study, we evaluated the role of autophagy initiation factor Beclin-1 in protecting against post-renal injury fibrosis. Methods Adult male wild type (WT) C57BL/6 mice were subjected to Unilateral Ureteral Obstruction (UUO), and kidney tissue samples were harvested at 72-hour, 1- and 3-week post-injury. The UUO-injured and uninjured kidney samples were examined histologically for fibrosis, autophagy flux, inflammation as well activation of the Integrated Stress Response (ISR). We compared WT mice with mice carrying a forced expression of constitutively active mutant form of Beclin-1, Becn1F121A/F121A . Results In all experiments, UUO injury induces a progressive development of fibrosis and inflammation. These pathological signs were diminished in Becn1F121A/F121A mice. In WT animals, UUO caused a strong blockage of autophagy flux, indicated by continuously increases in LC3II accompanied by an over 3-fold accumulation of p62 1-week post injury. However, increases in LC3II and unaffected p62 level by UUO were observed in Becn1F121A/F121A mice, suggesting an alleviation of disrupted autophagy. Beclin-1 F121A mutation causes a significant decrease in phosphorylation of inflammatory STING signal and limited production of IL6 and IFNγ, but had little effect on TNF-α, in response to UUO. Furthermore, activation of ISR signal cascade was detected in UUO-injured in kidneys, namely the phosphorylation signals of elF2S1 and PERK in addition to the stimulated expression of ISR effector ATF4. However, Becn1F121A/F121A mice did not reveal signs of elF2S1 and PERK activation under the same condition and had a dramatically reduced ATF level at 3-week post injury. Conclusions The results suggest that UUO causes a insufficient, maladaptive renal autophagy, which triggered downstream activation of inflammatory STING pathway, production of cytokines, and pathological activation of ISR, eventually leading to the development of fibrosis. Enhancing autophagy via Beclin-1 improved renal outcomes with diminished fibrosis, via underlying mechanisms of differential regulation of inflammatory mediators and control of maladaptive ISR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reynold I. Lopez-Soler
- Section of Renal Transplantation, Edward Hines Jr. VA Hospital, Hines, IL, United States
- Department of Surgery, Division of Intra-Abdominal Transplantation, Loyola University Chicago Stritch School of Medicine, Maywood, IL, United States
| | - Azadeh Nikouee
- Department of Surgery, Burn & Shock Trauma Research Institute; Loyola University Chicago Stritch School of Medicine, Maywood, IL, United States
| | - Matthew Kim
- Department of Surgery, Burn & Shock Trauma Research Institute; Loyola University Chicago Stritch School of Medicine, Maywood, IL, United States
| | - Saman Khan
- Department of Surgery, Burn & Shock Trauma Research Institute; Loyola University Chicago Stritch School of Medicine, Maywood, IL, United States
| | - Lakshmi Sivaraman
- Department of Biology, Loyola University Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Xiangzhong Ding
- Department of Pathology, Loyola University Chicago Stritch School of Medicine, Maywood, IL, United States
| | - Qun Sophia Zang
- Department of Surgery, Burn & Shock Trauma Research Institute; Loyola University Chicago Stritch School of Medicine, Maywood, IL, United States
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18
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Frias ES, Hoseini MS, Krukowski K, Paladini MS, Grue K, Ureta G, Rienecker KDA, Walter P, Stryker MP, Rosi S. Aberrant cortical spine dynamics after concussive injury are reversed by integrated stress response inhibition. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2022; 119:e2209427119. [PMID: 36227915 PMCID: PMC9586300 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2209427119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a leading cause of long-term neurological disability in the world and the strongest environmental risk factor for the development of dementia. Even mild TBI (resulting from concussive injuries) is associated with a greater than twofold increase in the risk of dementia onset. Little is known about the cellular mechanisms responsible for the progression of long-lasting cognitive deficits. The integrated stress response (ISR), a phylogenetically conserved pathway involved in the cellular response to stress, is activated after TBI, and inhibition of the ISR-even weeks after injury-can reverse behavioral and cognitive deficits. However, the cellular mechanisms by which ISR inhibition restores cognition are unknown. Here, we used longitudinal two-photon imaging in vivo after concussive injury in mice to study dendritic spine dynamics in the parietal cortex, a brain region involved in working memory. Concussive injury profoundly altered spine dynamics measured up to a month after injury. Strikingly, brief pharmacological treatment with the drug-like small-molecule ISR inhibitor ISRIB entirely reversed structural changes measured in the parietal cortex and the associated working memory deficits. Thus, both neural and cognitive consequences of concussive injury are mediated in part by activation of the ISR and can be corrected by its inhibition. These findings suggest that targeting ISR activation could serve as a promising approach to the clinical treatment of chronic cognitive deficits after TBI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elma S. Frias
- Department of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143
- Brain and Spinal Injury Center, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143
| | - Mahmood S. Hoseini
- Department of Physiology, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143
| | - Karen Krukowski
- Department of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143
- Brain and Spinal Injury Center, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143
| | - Maria Serena Paladini
- Department of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143
- Brain and Spinal Injury Center, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143
| | - Katherine Grue
- Department of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143
- Brain and Spinal Injury Center, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143
| | - Gonzalo Ureta
- Department of Translational Research, Protein Folding and Disease Laboratory, Fundación Ciencia & Vida, Santiago, 7750000, Chile
| | - Kira D. A. Rienecker
- Department of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143
- Brain and Spinal Injury Center, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143
| | - Peter Walter
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143
- HHMI, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143
| | - Michael P. Stryker
- Department of Physiology, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143
- Kavli Institute of Fundamental Neuroscience, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143
| | - Susanna Rosi
- Department of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143
- Brain and Spinal Injury Center, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143
- Kavli Institute of Fundamental Neuroscience, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143
- Weill Institute for Neuroscience, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143
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Integrated Bioinformatics and Validation of lncRNA-Mediated ceRNA Network in Myocardial Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury. J Immunol Res 2022; 2022:7260801. [PMID: 36189147 PMCID: PMC9519285 DOI: 10.1155/2022/7260801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Revised: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (MI/R) injury is a common pathology in ischemia heart disease. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are significant regulators related to many ischemia/reperfusion conditions. This study is aimed at exploring the molecule mechanism of lncRNA-mediated competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) network in MI/R. Methods The dataset profiles of MI/R and normal tissues (GSE130217 and GSE124176) were obtained from the GEO database. Integrated bioinformatics were performed to screen out differentially expressed genes (DEGs). Thereafter, an lncRNA-mediated ceRNA network was constructed by the starBase database. The GO annotations and KEGG pathway analysis were conducted to study action mechanism and related pathways of DEGs in MI/R. A model of hypoxia/reoxygenation- (H/R-) treated HL-1 cell was performed to verify the expression of lncRNAs through qRT-PCR. Results 2406 differentially expressed- (DE-) mRNAs, 70 DE-lncRNAs, and 156 DE-miRNAs were acquired. These DEGs were conducted to construct an lncRNA-mediated ceRNA network, and a subnetwork including lncRNA Xist/miRNA-133c/mRNA (Slc30a9) was screen out. The functional enrichment analyses revealed that the lncRNAs involved in the ceRNA network might functions in oxidative stress and calcium signaling pathway. The lncRNA Xist expression is reduced under H/R conditions, followed by the increased level of miRNA-133c, thus downregulating the expression of Slc30a9. Conclusion In sum, the identified ceRNA network which included the lncRNA Xist/miR-133c/Slc30a9 axis might contribute a better understanding to the pathogenesis and development of MI/R injury and offer a novel targeted therapy way.
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Tan N, Liu T, Wang X, Shao M, Zhang M, Li W, Ling G, Jiang J, Wang Q, Li J, Li C, Wang W, Wang Y. The multi-faced role of FUNDC1 in mitochondrial events and human diseases. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:918943. [PMID: 35959490 PMCID: PMC9358025 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.918943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitophagy plays a vital role in the selective elimination of dysfunctional and unwanted mitochondria. As a receptor of mitophagy, FUN14 domain containing 1 (FUNDC1) is attracting considerably critical attention. FUNDC1 is involved in the mitochondria fission, the clearance of unfolded protein, iron metabolism in mitochondria, and the crosstalk between mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum besides mitophagy. Studies have demonstrated that FUNDC1 is associated with the progression of ischemic disease, cancer, and metabolic disease. In this review, we systematically examine the recent advancements in FUNDC1 and the implications of this protein in health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nannan Tan
- School of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Tianhua Liu
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoping Wang
- School of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Mingyan Shao
- School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Miao Zhang
- School of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Weili Li
- School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Guanjing Ling
- School of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Jinchi Jiang
- School of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Qiyan Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Li
- School of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Chun Li
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Chun Li, ; Wei Wang, ; Yong Wang,
| | - Wei Wang
- School of Basic Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Chun Li, ; Wei Wang, ; Yong Wang,
| | - Yong Wang
- School of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Chun Li, ; Wei Wang, ; Yong Wang,
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21
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Hua W, Zhang X, Tang H, Li C, Han N, Li H, Ma H, Liu P, Zhou Y, Zhang H, Zhang Y, Zhang L, Li Z, Shen H, Xing P, Yu L, Zhang Y, Zhou Y, Yang P, Liu J. AKG Attenuates Cerebral Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury through c-Fos/IL-10/Stat3 Signaling Pathway. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:6839385. [PMID: 35592527 PMCID: PMC9113869 DOI: 10.1155/2022/6839385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Revised: 03/19/2022] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Inflammation is dominant in the pathogenesis of ischemic stroke (IS). Alpha-ketoglutarate (AKG), according to previous studies, has demonstrated a variety of pharmacological effects such as antioxidation and inhibitive inflammation activities. However, whether AKG ameliorates cerebral ischemic injury, as well as the underlying molecular events, is still unclear. Therefore, the effect and underlying mechanisms of AKG on ischemic brain injury should be identified. The study established a cerebral ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) model in mice as well as an oxygen-glucose deprivation/reperfusion (OGD/R) model in SH-SY5Y cells, respectively. It was observed that AKG markedly suppressed infarction volume and neuronal injuries and improved the neurological score in vivo. Moreover, AKG reduced the inflammatory response and lowered the expression of proinflammatory cytokines. In vitro, AKG treatment strongly inhibited OGD/R-induced neuronal injury and the proinflammatory factors. It was also found that the increased SOD and GSH levels, as well as the lower ROS levels, showed that AKG reduced oxidative stress in OGD/R-treated SY-SY5Y cells. Mechanistically, AKG largely promoted IL-10 expression in ischemic brain injury and OGD/R-induced neuronal injury. Furthermore, IL-10 silencing neutralized the protective effect of AKG on inflammation. Notably, it was discovered that AKG could upregulate IL-10 expression by promoting the translocation of c-Fos from the cytoplasm to the nucleus. The results indicated that AKG demonstrated neuroprotection on cerebral ischemia while inhibiting inflammation through c-Fos/IL-10/stat3 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weilong Hua
- Neurovascular Center, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoxi Zhang
- Neurovascular Center, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Haishuang Tang
- Neurovascular Center, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chen Li
- Neurovascular Center, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ning Han
- Neurovascular Center, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - He Li
- Neurovascular Center, Naval Hospital of Eastern Theater, Zhoushan, China
| | - Hongyu Ma
- Neurovascular Center, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Pei Liu
- Neurovascular Center, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yihan Zhou
- Neurovascular Center, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hongjian Zhang
- Neurovascular Center, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yongxin Zhang
- Neurovascular Center, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Neurovascular Center, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zifu Li
- Neurovascular Center, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hongjian Shen
- Neurovascular Center, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Pengfei Xing
- Neurovascular Center, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Longjuan Yu
- Neurovascular Center, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yongwei Zhang
- Neurovascular Center, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu Zhou
- Neurovascular Center, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Pengfei Yang
- Neurovascular Center, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianmin Liu
- Neurovascular Center, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
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22
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Lee CS, Kim D, Hwang CS. Where Does N-Formylmethionine Come from? What for? Where Is It Going? What is the origin of N-formylmethionine in eukaryotic cells? Mol Cells 2022; 45:109-111. [PMID: 35288488 PMCID: PMC8926868 DOI: 10.14348/molcells.2021.5040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Chang-Seok Lee
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 37673, Korea
| | - Dasom Kim
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 37673, Korea
| | - Cheol-Sang Hwang
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 37673, Korea
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