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Pei Z, Huang Y, Ni J, Liu Y, Yang Q. For a Colorful Life: Recent Advances in Anthocyanin Biosynthesis during Leaf Senescence. BIOLOGY 2024; 13:329. [PMID: 38785811 PMCID: PMC11117936 DOI: 10.3390/biology13050329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2024] [Revised: 05/06/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Leaf senescence is the last stage of leaf development, and it is accompanied by a leaf color change. In some species, anthocyanins are accumulated during leaf senescence, which are vital indicators for both ornamental and commercial value. Therefore, it is essential to understand the molecular mechanism of anthocyanin accumulation during leaf senescence, which would provide new insight into autumn coloration and molecular breeding for more colorful plants. Anthocyanin accumulation is a surprisingly complex process, and significant advances have been made in the past decades. In this review, we focused on leaf coloration during senescence. We emphatically discussed several networks linked to genetic, hormonal, environmental, and nutritional factors in regulating anthocyanin accumulation during leaf senescence. This paper aims to provide a regulatory model for leaf coloration and to put forward some prospects for future development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziqi Pei
- State Key Laboratory of Efficient Production of Forest Resources, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China; (Z.P.); (Y.H.); (Y.L.)
- Research Center of Deciduous Oaks, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
- Key Laboratory for Silviculture and Conservation, Ministry of Education, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Yifei Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Efficient Production of Forest Resources, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China; (Z.P.); (Y.H.); (Y.L.)
- Research Center of Deciduous Oaks, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
- Key Laboratory for Silviculture and Conservation, Ministry of Education, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Junbei Ni
- College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China;
| | - Yong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Efficient Production of Forest Resources, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China; (Z.P.); (Y.H.); (Y.L.)
- Research Center of Deciduous Oaks, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
- Key Laboratory for Silviculture and Conservation, Ministry of Education, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Qinsong Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Efficient Production of Forest Resources, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China; (Z.P.); (Y.H.); (Y.L.)
- Research Center of Deciduous Oaks, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
- Key Laboratory for Silviculture and Conservation, Ministry of Education, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
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Gao S, Yin M, Xu M, Zhang H, Li S, Han Y, Ji S, Li X, Du G. Transcription factors PuPRE6/PuMYB12 and histone deacetylase PuHDAC9-like regulate sucrose levels in pear. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2024; 194:1577-1592. [PMID: 38006319 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiad628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Revised: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 11/27/2023]
Abstract
The improvement of fruit quality, in particular sugar content, has been a major goal of plant breeding programmes for many years. Here, 2 varieties of the Ussurian pear (Pyrus ussuriensis), Nanguo, and its high-sucrose accumulation bud sport, Nanhong, were used to study the molecular mechanisms regulating sucrose transport in fruits. Comparative transcriptome analysis showed that in Nanhong fruit, an MYB transcription factor, PuMYB12, and a sucrose transporter protein, PuSUT4-like, were expressed at higher levels, while a paclobutrazol resistance transcription factor, PuPRE6, and a histone deacetylase (HDAC), PuHDAC9-like, were expressed at lower levels in Nanguo fruit. PuSUT4-like silencing and overexpression experiments in Nanguo pear showed that PuSUT4-like is essential for sucrose transportation. PuPRE6 and PuMYB12 act as antagonistic complexes to regulate PuSUT4-like transcription and sucrose accumulation. The histone deacetylation levels of the PuMYB12 and PuSUT4-like promoters were higher in Nanguo fruit than in Nanhong fruit, and Y1H assays showed that HDAC PuHDAC9-like bound directly to the promoters of PuMYB12 and PuSUT4-like. Our results uncovered transcription regulation and epigenetic mechanisms underlying sucrose accumulation in pears.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siyang Gao
- Key Laboratory of Fruit Postharvest Biology, Liaoning Province, College of Horticulture, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - Mingxin Yin
- Key Laboratory of Fruit Postharvest Biology, Liaoning Province, College of Horticulture, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - Mingyang Xu
- Key Laboratory of Fruit Postharvest Biology, Liaoning Province, College of Horticulture, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - He Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Fruit Postharvest Biology, Liaoning Province, College of Horticulture, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - Shuai Li
- Key Laboratory of Fruit Postharvest Biology, Liaoning Province, College of Horticulture, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - Yinxiao Han
- Key Laboratory of Fruit Postharvest Biology, Liaoning Province, College of Horticulture, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - Shujuan Ji
- Department of Food Science, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - Xinyue Li
- Key Laboratory of Fruit Postharvest Biology, Liaoning Province, College of Horticulture, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
- Department of Food Science, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - Guodong Du
- Key Laboratory of Fruit Postharvest Biology, Liaoning Province, College of Horticulture, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
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Hu Y, Zhao H, Xue L, Nie N, Zhang H, Zhao N, He S, Liu Q, Gao S, Zhai H. IbMYC2 Contributes to Salt and Drought Stress Tolerance via Modulating Anthocyanin Accumulation and ROS-Scavenging System in Sweet Potato. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:2096. [PMID: 38396773 PMCID: PMC10889443 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25042096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Revised: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) transcription factors extensively affect various physiological processes in plant metabolism, growth, and abiotic stress. However, the regulation mechanism of bHLH transcription factors in balancing anthocyanin biosynthesis and abiotic stress in sweet potato (Ipomoea batata (L.) Lam.) remains unclear. Previously, transcriptome analysis revealed the genes that were differentially expressed among the purple-fleshed sweet potato cultivar 'Jingshu 6' and its anthocyanin-rich mutant 'JS6-5'. Here, we selected one of these potential genes, IbMYC2, which belongs to the bHLH transcription factor family, for subsequent analyses. The expression of IbMYC2 in the JS6-5 storage roots is almost four-fold higher than Jingshu 6 and significantly induced by hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), methyl jasmonate (MeJA), NaCl, and polyethylene glycol (PEG)6000. Overexpression of IbMYC2 significantly enhances anthocyanin production and exhibits a certain antioxidant capacity, thereby improving salt and drought tolerance. In contrast, reducing IbMYC2 expression increases its susceptibility. Our data showed that IbMYC2 could elevate the expression of anthocyanin synthesis pathway genes by binding to IbCHI and IbDFR promoters. Additionally, overexpressing IbMYC2 activates genes encoding reactive oxygen species (ROS)-scavenging and proline synthesis enzymes under salt and drought conditions. Taken together, these results demonstrate that the IbMYC2 gene exercises a significant impact on crop quality and stress resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Shaopei Gao
- Key Laboratory of Sweet Potato Biology and Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement/Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization, Ministry of Education, College of Agronomy & Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (Y.H.); (H.Z.); (L.X.); (N.N.); (H.Z.); (N.Z.); (S.H.); (Q.L.)
| | - Hong Zhai
- Key Laboratory of Sweet Potato Biology and Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement/Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization, Ministry of Education, College of Agronomy & Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (Y.H.); (H.Z.); (L.X.); (N.N.); (H.Z.); (N.Z.); (S.H.); (Q.L.)
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Zhuang Y, Zhou L, Geng L, Jiang L, Sui Y, Luo L, Pan H, Zhang Q, Yu C. Genome-wide identification of the bHLH transcription factor family in Rosa persica and response to low-temperature stress. PeerJ 2024; 12:e16568. [PMID: 38188163 PMCID: PMC10771085 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.16568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) transcription factors are involved in plant growth and development, secondary metabolism, and abiotic stress responses have been studied in a variety of plants. Despite their importance in plant biology, the roles and expression patterns of bHLH family genes in Rosa persica have not been determined. Methods In this study, the RbebHLH family genes were systematically analyzed using bioinformatics methods, and their expression patterns under low-temperature stress were analyzed by transcriptome and related physiological index measurements. Results In total, 142 RbebHLHs were identified in the genome of R. persica, distributed on seven chromosomes. Phylogenetic analysis including orthologous genes in Arabidopsis divided RbebHLHs into 21 subfamilies, with similar structures and motifs within a subfamily. A collinearity analysis revealed seven tandem duplications and 118 segmental duplications in R. persica and 127, 150, 151, 172, and 164 segmental duplications between R. persica and Arabidopsis thaliana, Prunus mume, Fragaria vesca, Rosa chinensis, and Prunus persica, respectively. A number of cis-regulatory elements associated with abiotic stress response and hormone response were identified in RbebHLHs, and 21 RbebHLHs have potential interactions with the CBF family. In addition, the expression results showed that part of bHLH may regulate the tolerance of R. persica to low-temperature stress through the jasmonic acid and pathway. Transcriptomic data showed that the expression levels of different RbebHLHs varied during overwintering, and the expression of some RbebHLHs was significantly correlated with relative conductivity and MDA content, implying that RbebHLHs play important regulatory roles in R. persica response to low-temperature stress. Overall, this study provides valuable insights into the study of RbebHLHs associated with low-temperature stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yueying Zhuang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Ornamental Plants Germplasm Innovation & Molecular Breeding, National Engineering Research Center for Floriculture, Beijing Laboratory of Urban and Rural Ecological Environment, Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants of Ministry of Education, School of Landscape Architecture, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Lijun Zhou
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Ornamental Plants Germplasm Innovation & Molecular Breeding, National Engineering Research Center for Floriculture, Beijing Laboratory of Urban and Rural Ecological Environment, Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants of Ministry of Education, School of Landscape Architecture, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Lifang Geng
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Ornamental Plants Germplasm Innovation & Molecular Breeding, National Engineering Research Center for Floriculture, Beijing Laboratory of Urban and Rural Ecological Environment, Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants of Ministry of Education, School of Landscape Architecture, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Lv Jiang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Ornamental Plants Germplasm Innovation & Molecular Breeding, National Engineering Research Center for Floriculture, Beijing Laboratory of Urban and Rural Ecological Environment, Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants of Ministry of Education, School of Landscape Architecture, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Yunji Sui
- Xinjiang Career Technical College, Xinjiang, China
| | - Le Luo
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Ornamental Plants Germplasm Innovation & Molecular Breeding, National Engineering Research Center for Floriculture, Beijing Laboratory of Urban and Rural Ecological Environment, Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants of Ministry of Education, School of Landscape Architecture, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Huitang Pan
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Ornamental Plants Germplasm Innovation & Molecular Breeding, National Engineering Research Center for Floriculture, Beijing Laboratory of Urban and Rural Ecological Environment, Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants of Ministry of Education, School of Landscape Architecture, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Qixiang Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Ornamental Plants Germplasm Innovation & Molecular Breeding, National Engineering Research Center for Floriculture, Beijing Laboratory of Urban and Rural Ecological Environment, Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants of Ministry of Education, School of Landscape Architecture, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Chao Yu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Ornamental Plants Germplasm Innovation & Molecular Breeding, National Engineering Research Center for Floriculture, Beijing Laboratory of Urban and Rural Ecological Environment, Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants of Ministry of Education, School of Landscape Architecture, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
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Tan S, Sha Y, Sun L, Li Z. Abiotic Stress-Induced Leaf Senescence: Regulatory Mechanisms and Application. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:11996. [PMID: 37569371 PMCID: PMC10418887 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241511996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Revised: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Leaf senescence is a natural phenomenon that occurs during the aging process of plants and is influenced by various internal and external factors. These factors encompass plant hormones, as well as environmental pressures such as inadequate nutrients, drought, darkness, high salinity, and extreme temperatures. Abiotic stresses accelerate leaf senescence, resulting in reduced photosynthetic efficiency, yield, and quality. Gaining a comprehensive understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying leaf senescence in response to abiotic stresses is imperative to enhance the resilience and productivity of crops in unfavorable environments. In recent years, substantial advancements have been made in the study of leaf senescence, particularly regarding the identification of pivotal genes and transcription factors involved in this process. Nevertheless, challenges remain, including the necessity for further exploration of the intricate regulatory network governing leaf senescence and the development of effective strategies for manipulating genes in crops. This manuscript provides an overview of the molecular mechanisms that trigger leaf senescence under abiotic stresses, along with strategies to enhance stress tolerance and improve crop yield and quality by delaying leaf senescence. Furthermore, this review also highlighted the challenges associated with leaf senescence research and proposes potential solutions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Liwei Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Zhonghai Li
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
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Cao J, Liu H, Tan S, Li Z. Transcription Factors-Regulated Leaf Senescence: Current Knowledge, Challenges and Approaches. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24119245. [PMID: 37298196 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24119245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Revised: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Leaf senescence is a complex biological process regulated at multiple levels, including chromatin remodeling, transcription, post-transcription, translation, and post-translational modifications. Transcription factors (TFs) are crucial regulators of leaf senescence, with NAC and WRKY families being the most studied. This review summarizes the progress made in understanding the regulatory roles of these families in leaf senescence in Arabidopsis and various crops such as wheat, maize, sorghum, and rice. Additionally, we review the regulatory functions of other families, such as ERF, bHLH, bZIP, and MYB. Unraveling the mechanisms of leaf senescence regulated by TFs has the potential to improve crop yield and quality through molecular breeding. While significant progress has been made in leaf senescence research in recent years, our understanding of the molecular regulatory mechanisms underlying this process is still incomplete. This review also discusses the challenges and opportunities in leaf senescence research, with suggestions for possible strategies to address them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Hairong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Shuya Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Zhonghai Li
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
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Chang W, Zhang Y, Ping Y, Li K, Qi DD, Song FQ. Label-free quantitative proteomics of arbuscular mycorrhizal Elaeagnus angustifolia seedlings provides insights into salt-stress tolerance mechanisms. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 13:1098260. [PMID: 36704166 PMCID: PMC9873384 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1098260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Soil salinization has become one of the most serious environmental issues globally. Excessive accumulation of soluble salts will adversely affect the survival, growth, and reproduction of plants. Elaeagnus angustifolia L., commonly known as oleaster or Russian olive, has the characteristics of tolerance to drought and salt. Arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi are considered to be bio-ameliorator of saline soils that can enhance the salt tolerance of the host plants. However, there is little information on the root proteomics of AM plants under salt stress. METHODS In this study, a label-free quantitative proteomics method was employed to identify the differentially abundant proteins in AM E. angustifolia seedlings under salt stress. RESULTS The results showed that a total of 170 proteins were significantly differentially regulated in E.angustifolia seedlings after AMF inoculation under salt stress. Mycorrhizal symbiosis helps the host plant E. angustifolia to respond positively to salt stress and enhances its salt tolerance by regulating the activities of some key proteins related to amino acid metabolism, lipid metabolism, and glutathione metabolism in root tissues. CONCLUSION Aspartate aminotransferase, dehydratase-enolase-phosphatase 1 (DEP1), phospholipases D, diacylglycerol kinase, glycerol-3-phosphate O-acyltransferases, and gamma-glutamyl transpeptidases may play important roles in mitigating the detrimental effect of salt stress on mycorrhizal E. angustifolia . In conclusion, these findings provide new insights into the salt-stress tolerance mechanisms of AM E. angustifolia seedlings and also clarify the role of AM fungi in the molecular regulation network of E. angustifolia under salt stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Chang
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Ecological Restoration and Resource Utilization for Cold Region, School of Life Sciences, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, China
- Jiaxiang Industrial Technology Research Institute of Heilongjiang University, Jinin, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Ecological Restoration and Resource Utilization for Cold Region, School of Life Sciences, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, China
| | - Yuan Ping
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Ecological Restoration and Resource Utilization for Cold Region, School of Life Sciences, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, China
| | - Kun Li
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Ecological Restoration and Resource Utilization for Cold Region, School of Life Sciences, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, China
| | - Dan-Dan Qi
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Ecological Restoration and Resource Utilization for Cold Region, School of Life Sciences, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, China
| | - Fu-Qiang Song
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Ecological Restoration and Resource Utilization for Cold Region, School of Life Sciences, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, China
- Jiaxiang Industrial Technology Research Institute of Heilongjiang University, Jinin, China
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Liu YJ, An JP, Gao N, Wang X, Chen XX, Wang XF, Zhang S, You CX. MdTCP46 interacts with MdABI5 to negatively regulate ABA signalling and drought response in apple. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2022; 45:3233-3248. [PMID: 36043225 DOI: 10.1111/pce.14429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
TEOSINTE BRANCHED 1/CYCLOIDEA/PCF (TCP) transcription factors play crucial roles in plant abiotic stresses. However, little is known about the role of TCP genes in the drought stress tolerance of apple. Here, we found that abscisic acid (ABA) and drought treatment reduced the expression of MdTCP46, and overexpression of MdTCP46 reduced ABA sensitivity and drought stress resistance. MdTCP46 was found to interact with MdABI5 both in vitro and in vivo, and this interaction was essential for drought resistance via the ABA-dependent pathway. Overexpression of MdABI5 enhanced ABA sensitivity and drought stress resistance by directly activating the expression of MdEM6 and MdRD29A. MdTCP46 significantly suppressed the transcriptional activity of MdABI5, thereby negatively regulating MdABI5-mediated ABA signalling and drought response. Overall, our results demonstrate that the MdTCP46-MdABI5-MdEM6/MdRD29A regulatory module plays a key role in the modulation of ABA signalling and the drought stress response. These findings provide new insight into the role of MdTCP46 in ABA signalling and abiotic stress responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Jing Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai-An, Shandong, China
- School of Horticulture, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Jian-Ping An
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai-An, Shandong, China
| | - Ning Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai-An, Shandong, China
| | - Xun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai-An, Shandong, China
| | - Xi-Xia Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai-An, Shandong, China
| | - Xiao-Fei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai-An, Shandong, China
| | - Shuai Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai-An, Shandong, China
| | - Chun-Xiang You
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai-An, Shandong, China
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Anthocyanin Biosynthesis Associated with Natural Variation in Autumn Leaf Coloration in Quercus aliena Accessions. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232012179. [DOI: 10.3390/ijms232012179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Revised: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 10/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Quercus aliena is an economically important tree species and one of the dominant native oak species in China. Although its leaves typically turn yellow in autumn, we observed natural variants with red leaves. It is important to understand the mechanisms involved in leaf color variation in this species. Therefore, we compared a Q. aliena tree with yellow leaves and three variants with red leaves at different stages of senescence in order to determine the causes of natural variation. We found that the accumulation of anthocyanins such as cyanidin 3-O-glucoside and cyanidin 3-O-sambubiglycoside had a significant effect on leaf coloration. Gene expression analysis showed upregulation of almost all genes encoding enzymes involved in anthocyanin synthesis in the red-leaved variants during the early and main discoloration stages of senescence. These findings are consistent with the accumulation of anthocyanin in red variants. Furthermore, the variants showed significantly higher expression of transcription factors associated with anthocyanin synthesis, such as those encoded by genes QaMYB1 and QaMYB3. Our findings provide new insights into the physiological and molecular mechanisms involved in autumn leaf coloration in Q. aliena, as well as provide genetic resources for further development and cultivation of valuable ornamental variants of this species.
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Li R, Zheng W, Yang R, Hu Q, Ma L, Zhang H. OsSGT1 promotes melatonin-ameliorated seed tolerance to chromium stress by affecting the OsABI5-OsAPX1 transcriptional module in rice. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2022; 112:151-171. [PMID: 35942609 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.15937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Revised: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Chromium (Cr) pollution threatens plant development and growth. Application of melatonin (Mel) is emerging as an effective ally to resist stress, but how Mel ameliorates seed germination upon exposure to heavy metals is poorly understood. Here, we found (i) that seed priming with Mel considerably alleviated Cr stress during rice (Oryza sativa) seed germination and (ii) that germination performance was significantly improved in suppressor of the G2 allele of skp1 (OsSGT1) overexpression lines, while mutations of OsSGT1 and/or abscisic acid-insensitive 5 (OsABI5) noticeably abrogated such Mel-induced tolerance to Cr. Complementation assays suggested that the restored expression of OsSGT1 could not rescue the weak germination of sgt1-1abi5 under Cr stress, even upon Mel priming, but the expression of OsABI5 driven by the promoter of OsSGT1 significantly restored the Mel-ameliorated germination and the expression of ascorbate peroxidase 1 (OsAPX1) in sgt1-1abi5. Further analysis indicated that OsABI5 directly regulated the transcriptional expression of OsAPX1, whose encoding products promoted H2 O2 scavenging to maintain redox homeostasis, which is essential for germination. Collectively, this work demonstrates that OsSGT1 regulates OsABI5 to target OsAPX1, mediating the stimulatory effects of Mel on germination of Cr-stressed seeds, which provides a guide for the application of Mel in rice production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruiqing Li
- College of Agronomy, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Chinese National Center for Rice Improvement, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, 311400, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenying Zheng
- College of Agronomy, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, People's Republic of China
| | - Ruifang Yang
- Crop Breeding and Cultivation Research Institute, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, 201403, People's Republic of China
| | - Qunwen Hu
- College of Agronomy, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, People's Republic of China
| | - Liangyong Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Chinese National Center for Rice Improvement, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, 311400, People's Republic of China
| | - Huali Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Chinese National Center for Rice Improvement, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, 311400, People's Republic of China
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Wen B, Gong X, Tan Q, Zhao W, Chen X, Li D, Li L, Xiao W. MdNAC4 Interacts With MdAPRR2 to Regulate Nitrogen Deficiency-Induced Leaf Senescence in Apple ( Malus domestica). FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:925035. [PMID: 35845636 PMCID: PMC9280364 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.925035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Nitrogen (N) is one of the important macronutrients in plants, and N deficiency induces leaf senescence. However, the molecular mechanism underlying how N deficiency affects leaf senescence is unclear. Here, we report an apple NAC TF, MdNAC4, that participates in N deficiency-induced leaf senescence. The senescence phenotype of apple leaves overexpressing MdNAC4 was enhanced after N deficiency. Consistently, the chlorophyll content of transgenic leaves was significantly lower than that in the WT control leaves, the expression of chlorophyll catabolism-related genes (MdNYC1, MdPAO, and MdSGR1) was significantly higher than that in the WT controls, and the expression of chlorophyll synthesis-related genes (MdHEMA, MdCHLI, and MdCHLM) was significantly lower than that in the WT control leaves. Furthermore, MdNAC4 was found to directly activate the transcription of the chlorophyll catabolism-related genes MdNYC1 and MdPAO. Additionally, MdNAC4 was proven to interact with MdAPRR2 proteins both in vitro and in vivo, and overexpression of MdAPRR2 seemed to delay N deficiency-induced leaf senescence. Correspondingly, the chlorophyll loss of MdAPRR2-overexpressing (MdAPRR2-OE) lines was significantly lower than in WT control plants. Although downregulated, the expression of the chlorophyll synthesis-related genes MdHEMA, MdCHLI, and MdCHLM in the transgenic plants was more than twice that in the WT control plants. Taken together, our results enrich the regulatory network of leaf senescence induced by N deficiency through the interaction between MdNAC4 and MdAPRR2.
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Wang CK, Li XM, Dong F, Sun CH, Lu WL, Hu DG. Yang cycle enzyme DEP1: its moonlighting functions in PSI and ROS production during leaf senescence. MOLECULAR HORTICULTURE 2022; 2:10. [PMID: 37789483 PMCID: PMC10514949 DOI: 10.1186/s43897-022-00031-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 10/05/2023]
Abstract
Ethylene-mediated leaf senescence and the compromise of photosynthesis are closely associated but the underlying molecular mechanism is a mystery. Here we reported that apple DEHYDRATASE-ENOLASE-PHOSPHATASE-COMPLEX1 (MdDEP1), initially characterized to its enzymatic function in the recycling of the ethylene precursor SAM, plays a role in the regulation of photosystem I (PSI) activity, activating reactive oxygen species (ROS) homeostasis, and negatively regulating the leaf senescence. A series of Y2H, Pull-down, CO-IP and Cell-free degradation biochemical assays showed that MdDEP1 directly interacts with and dephosphorylates the nucleus-encoded thylakoid protein MdY3IP1, leading to the destabilization of MdY3IP1, reduction of the PSI activity, and the overproduction of ROS in plant cells. These findings elucidate a novel mechanism that the two pathways intersect at MdDEP1 due to its moonlighting role in destabilizing MdY3IP1, and synchronize ethylene-mediated leaf senescence and the compromise of photosynthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chu-Kun Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Biology; MOA Key Laboratory of Horticultural Crop Biology and Germplasm Innovation; College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, Shandong, China
| | - Xiu-Ming Li
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Biology; MOA Key Laboratory of Horticultural Crop Biology and Germplasm Innovation; College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, Shandong, China
| | - Fang Dong
- Shandong Institute of Pomology, Key Laboratory for Fruit Biotechnology Breeding of Shandong, Tai'an, 271000, Shandong, China
| | - Cui-Hui Sun
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Biology; MOA Key Laboratory of Horticultural Crop Biology and Germplasm Innovation; College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, Shandong, China
| | - Wen-Li Lu
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Biology; MOA Key Laboratory of Horticultural Crop Biology and Germplasm Innovation; College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, Shandong, China.
| | - Da-Gang Hu
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Biology; MOA Key Laboratory of Horticultural Crop Biology and Germplasm Innovation; College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, Shandong, China.
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13
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Yu JQ, Gu KD, Zhang LL, Sun CH, Zhang QY, Wang JH, Wang CK, Wang WY, Du MC, Hu DG. MdbHLH3 modulates apple soluble sugar content by activating phosphofructokinase gene expression. JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE PLANT BIOLOGY 2022; 64:884-900. [PMID: 35199464 DOI: 10.1111/jipb.13236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 02/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Sugars are involved in plant growth, fruit quality, and signaling perception. Therefore, understanding the mechanisms involved in soluble sugar accumulation is essential to understand fruit development. Here, we report that MdPFPβ, a pyrophosphate-dependent phosphofructokinase gene, regulates soluble sugar accumulation by enhancing the photosynthetic performance and sugar-metabolizing enzyme activities in apple (Malus domestica Borkh.). Biochemical analysis revealed that a basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) transcription factor, MdbHLH3, binds to the MdPFPβ promoter and activates its expression, thus promoting soluble sugar accumulation in apple fruit. In addition, MdPFPβ overexpression in tomato influenced photosynthesis and carbon metabolism in the plant. Furthermore, we determined that MdbHLH3 increases photosynthetic rates and soluble sugar accumulation in apple by activating MdPFPβ expression. Our results thus shed light on the mechanism of soluble sugar accumulation in apple leaves and fruit: MdbHLH3 regulates soluble sugar accumulation by activating MdPFPβ gene expression and coordinating carbohydrate allocation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Qiang Yu
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, China
| | - Kai-Di Gu
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, China
| | - Li-Li Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, China
| | - Cui-Hui Sun
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, China
| | - Quan-Yan Zhang
- College of Resources and Environment, Linyi University, Linyi, 276005, China
| | - Jia-Hui Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, China
| | - Chu-Kun Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, China
| | - Wen-Yan Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, China
| | - Meng-Chi Du
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, China
| | - Da-Gang Hu
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, China
- MOA Key Laboratory of Horticultural Crop Biology and Germplasm Innovation, Tai'an, 271018, China
- Shandong Collaborative Innovation Center for Fruit and Vegetable Production with High Quality and Efficiency, Tai'an, 271018, China
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Chloroplast Protein Tic55 Involved in Dark-Induced Senescence through AtbHLH/AtWRKY-ANAC003 Controlling Pathway of Arabidopsis thaliana. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:genes13020308. [PMID: 35205352 PMCID: PMC8872272 DOI: 10.3390/genes13020308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2021] [Revised: 01/26/2022] [Accepted: 02/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
The chloroplast comprises the outer and inner membranes that are composed of the translocon protein complexes Toc and Tic (translocon at the outer/inner envelope membrane of chloroplasts), respectively. Tic55, a chloroplast Tic protein member, was shown to be not vital for functional protein import in Arabidopsis from previous studies. Instead, Tic55 was revealed to be a dark-induced senescence-related protein in our earlier study. To explore whether Tic55 elicits other biological functions, a tic55-II knockout mutant (SALK_086048) was characterized under different stress treatments. Abiotic stress conditions, such as cold, heat, and high osmotic pressure, did not cause visible effects on tic55-II mutant plant, when compared to the wild type (WT). In contrast, senescence was induced in the individually darkened leaves (IDLs), resulting in the differential expression of the senescence-related genes PEROXISOME DEFECTIVE 1 (PED1), BLUE COPPER-BINDING PROTEIN (BCB), SENESCENCE 1 (SEN1), and RUBISCO SMALL SUBUNIT GENE 2B (RBCS2B). The absence of Tic55 in tic55-II knockout mutant inhibited expression of the senescence-related genes PED1, BCB, and SEN1 at different stages of dark adaptation, while causing stimulation of RBCS2B gene expression at an early stage of dark response. Finally, yeast one-hybrid assays located the ANAC003 promoter region with cis-acting elements are responsible for binding to the different AtbHLH proteins, thereby causing the transactivation of an HIS3 reporter gene. ANAC003 was shown previously as a senescence-related protein and its activation would lead to expression of senescence-associated genes (SAGs), resulting in plant senescence. Thus, we propose a hypothetical model in which three signaling pathways may be involved in controlling the expression of ANAC003, followed by expression of SAGs that in turn leads to leaf senescence in Arabidopsis by this study and previous data.
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Identification, Characterization and Expression Analysis of Anthocyanin Biosynthesis-related bHLH Genes in Blueberry ( Vaccinium corymbosum L.). Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222413274. [PMID: 34948071 PMCID: PMC8708680 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222413274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2021] [Revised: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Basic helix-loop-helix proteins (bHLHs) play very important roles in the anthocyanin biosynthesis of many plant species. However, the reports on blueberry anthocyanin biosynthesis-related bHLHs were very limited. In this study, six anthocyanin biosynthesis-related bHLHs were identified from blueberry genome data through homologous protein sequence alignment. Among these blueberry bHLHs, VcAN1, VcbHLH42-1, VcbHLH42-2 and VcbHLH42-3 were clustered into one group, while VcbHLH1-1 and VcbHLH1-2 were clustered into the other group. All these bHLHs were of the bHLH-MYC_N domain, had DNA binding sites and reported conserved amino acids in the bHLH domain, indicating that they were all G-box binding proteins. Protein subcellular location prediction result revealed that all these bHLHs were nucleus-located. Gene structure analysis showed that VcAN1 gDNA contained eight introns, while all the others contained seven introns. Many light-, phytohormone-, stress- and plant growth and development-related cis-acting elements and transcription factor binding sites (TFBSs) were identified in their promoters, but the types and numbers of cis-elements and TFBSs varied greatly between the two bHLH groups. Quantitative real-time PCR results showed that VcAN1 expressed highly in old leaf, stem and blue fruit, and its expression increased as the blueberry fruit ripened. Its expression in purple podetium and old leaf was respectively significantly higher than in green podetium and young leaf, indicating that VcAN1 plays roles in anthocyanin biosynthesis regulation not only in fruit but also in podetium and leaf. VcbHLH1-1 expressed the highest in young leaf and stem, and the lowest in green fruit. The expression of VcbHLH1-1 also increased as the fruit ripened, and its expression in blue fruit was significantly higher than in green fruit. VcbHLH1-2 showed high expression in stem but low expression in fruit, especially in red fruit. Our study indicated that the anthocyanin biosynthesis regulatory functions of these bHLHs showed certain spatiotemporal specificity. Additionally, VcAN1 might be a key gene controlling the anthocyanin biosynthesis in blueberry, whose function is worth exploring further for its potential applications in plant high anthocyanin breeding.
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Kou X, Feng Y, Yuan S, Zhao X, Wu C, Wang C, Xue Z. Different regulatory mechanisms of plant hormones in the ripening of climacteric and non-climacteric fruits: a review. PLANT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2021; 107:477-497. [PMID: 34633626 DOI: 10.1007/s11103-021-01199-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
This review contains the regulatory mechanisms of plant hormones in the ripening process of climacteric and non-climacteric fruits, interactions between plant hormones and future research directions. The fruit ripening process involves physiological and biochemical changes such as pigment accumulation, softening, aroma and flavor formation. There is a great difference in the ripening process between climacteric fruits and non-climacteric fruits. The ripening of these two types of fruits is affected by endogenous signals and exogenous environments. Endogenous signaling plant hormones play an important regulatory role in fruit ripening. This paper systematically reviews recent progress in the regulation of plant hormones in fruit ripening, including ethylene, abscisic acid, auxin, jasmonic acid (JA), gibberellin, brassinosteroid (BR), salicylic acid (SA) and melatonin. The role of plant hormones in both climacteric and non-climacteric fruits is discussed, with emphasis on the interaction between ethylene and other adjustment factors. Specifically, the research progress and future research directions of JA, SA and BR in fruit ripening are discussed, and the regulatory network between JA and other signaling molecules remains to be further revealed. This study is meant to expand the understanding of the importance of plant hormones, clarify the hormonal regulation network and provide a basis for targeted manipulation of fruit ripening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohong Kou
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuan Feng
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuai Yuan
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoyang Zhao
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, People's Republic of China
| | - Caie Wu
- College of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, People's Republic of China
| | - Chao Wang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhaohui Xue
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, People's Republic of China.
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Liu YJ, Gao N, Ma QJ, Zhang JC, Wang X, Lu J, Hao YJ, Wang XF, You CX. The MdABI5 transcription factor interacts with the MdNRT1.5/MdNPF7.3 promoter to fine-tune nitrate transport from roots to shoots in apple. HORTICULTURE RESEARCH 2021; 8:236. [PMID: 34719676 PMCID: PMC8558332 DOI: 10.1038/s41438-021-00667-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2020] [Revised: 06/05/2021] [Accepted: 06/25/2021] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Nitrate is a major nitrogen resource for plant growth and development and acts as both a crucial nutrient and a signaling molecule for plants; hence, understanding nitrate signaling is important for crop production. Abscisic acid (ABA) has been demonstrated to be involved in nitrate signaling, but the underlying mechanism is largely unknown in apple. In this study, we found that exogenous ABA inhibited the transport of nitrate from roots to shoots in apple, and the transcription of the nitrate transporter MdNRT1.5/MdNPF7.3 was noticeably reduced at the transcriptional level by ABA, which inhibited the transport of nitrate from roots to shoots. Then, it was found that the ABA-responsive transcription factor MdABI5 bound directly to the ABRE recognition site of the MdNRT1.5 promoter and suppressed its expression. Overexpression of MdABI5 inhibited ABA-mediated transport of nitrate from roots to shoots. Overall, these results demonstrate that MdABI5 regulates the transport of nitrate from roots to shoots partially by mediating the expression of MdNRT1.5, illuminating the molecular mechanism by which ABA regulates nitrate transport in apple.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Jing Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Collaborative Innovation Center of Fruit & Vegetable Quality and Efficient Production, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai-An, Shandong, 271018, China
| | - Ning Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Collaborative Innovation Center of Fruit & Vegetable Quality and Efficient Production, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai-An, Shandong, 271018, China
| | - Qi-Jun Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Collaborative Innovation Center of Fruit & Vegetable Quality and Efficient Production, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai-An, Shandong, 271018, China
| | - Jiu-Cheng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Collaborative Innovation Center of Fruit & Vegetable Quality and Efficient Production, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai-An, Shandong, 271018, China
| | - Xun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Collaborative Innovation Center of Fruit & Vegetable Quality and Efficient Production, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai-An, Shandong, 271018, China
| | - Jing Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Collaborative Innovation Center of Fruit & Vegetable Quality and Efficient Production, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai-An, Shandong, 271018, China
| | - Yu-Jin Hao
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Collaborative Innovation Center of Fruit & Vegetable Quality and Efficient Production, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai-An, Shandong, 271018, China
| | - Xiao-Fei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Collaborative Innovation Center of Fruit & Vegetable Quality and Efficient Production, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai-An, Shandong, 271018, China.
| | - Chun-Xiang You
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Collaborative Innovation Center of Fruit & Vegetable Quality and Efficient Production, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai-An, Shandong, 271018, China.
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Yang K, An JP, Li CY, Shen XN, Liu YJ, Wang DR, Ji XL, Hao YJ, You CX. The apple C2H2-type zinc finger transcription factor MdZAT10 positively regulates JA-induced leaf senescence by interacting with MdBT2. HORTICULTURE RESEARCH 2021; 8:159. [PMID: 34193837 PMCID: PMC8245655 DOI: 10.1038/s41438-021-00593-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Revised: 04/15/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Jasmonic acid (JA) plays an important role in regulating leaf senescence. However, the molecular mechanisms of leaf senescence in apple (Malus domestica) remain elusive. In this study, we found that MdZAT10, a C2H2-type zinc finger transcription factor (TF) in apple, markedly accelerates leaf senescence and increases the expression of senescence-related genes. To explore how MdZAT10 promotes leaf senescence, we carried out liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry screening. We found that MdABI5 physically interacts with MdZAT10. MdABI5, an important positive regulator of leaf senescence, significantly accelerated leaf senescence in apple. MdZAT10 was found to enhance the transcriptional activity of MdABI5 for MdNYC1 and MdNYE1, thus accelerating leaf senescence. In addition, we found that MdZAT10 expression was induced by methyl jasmonate (MeJA), which accelerated JA-induced leaf senescence. We also found that the JA-responsive protein MdBT2 directly interacts with MdZAT10 and reduces its protein stability through ubiquitination and degradation, thereby delaying MdZAT10-mediated leaf senescence. Taken together, our results provide new insight into the mechanisms by which MdZAT10 positively regulates JA-induced leaf senescence in apple.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuo Yang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Collaborative Innovation Center of Fruit & Vegetable Quality and Efficient Production, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai-An, Shandong, 271018, China
| | - Jian-Ping An
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Collaborative Innovation Center of Fruit & Vegetable Quality and Efficient Production, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai-An, Shandong, 271018, China
| | - Chong-Yang Li
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Science, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai-An, Shandong, 271018, China
| | - Xue-Na Shen
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Collaborative Innovation Center of Fruit & Vegetable Quality and Efficient Production, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai-An, Shandong, 271018, China
| | - Ya-Jing Liu
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Collaborative Innovation Center of Fruit & Vegetable Quality and Efficient Production, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai-An, Shandong, 271018, China
| | - Da-Ru Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Collaborative Innovation Center of Fruit & Vegetable Quality and Efficient Production, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai-An, Shandong, 271018, China
| | - Xing-Long Ji
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Collaborative Innovation Center of Fruit & Vegetable Quality and Efficient Production, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai-An, Shandong, 271018, China
| | - Yu-Jin Hao
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Collaborative Innovation Center of Fruit & Vegetable Quality and Efficient Production, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai-An, Shandong, 271018, China.
| | - Chun-Xiang You
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Collaborative Innovation Center of Fruit & Vegetable Quality and Efficient Production, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai-An, Shandong, 271018, China.
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An JP, Zhang XW, Liu YJ, Wang XF, You CX, Hao YJ. ABI5 regulates ABA-induced anthocyanin biosynthesis by modulating the MYB1-bHLH3 complex in apple. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2021; 72:1460-1472. [PMID: 33159793 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/eraa525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2020] [Accepted: 10/31/2020] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Abscisic acid (ABA) induces anthocyanin biosynthesis in many plant species. However, the molecular mechanism of ABA-regulated anthocyanin biosynthesis remains unclear. As a crucial regulator of ABA signaling, ABSCISIC ACID-INSENSITIVE5 (ABI5) is involved in many aspects of plant growth and development, yet its regulation of anthocyanin biosynthesis has not been elucidated. In this study, we found that MdABI5, the apple homolog of Arabidopsis ABI5, positively regulated ABA-induced anthocyanin biosynthesis. A series of biochemical tests showed that MdABI5 specifically interacts with basic helix-loop-helix 3 (MdbHLH3), a positive regulator of anthocyanin biosynthesis. MdABI5 enhanced the binding of MdbHLH3 to its target genes dihydroflavonol 4-reductase (MdDFR) and UDP flavonoid glucosyl transferase (MdUF3GT). In addition, MdABI5 directly bound to the promoter of MdbHLH3 to activate its expression. Moreover, MdABI5 enhanced ABA-promoted interaction between MdMYB1 and MdbHLH3. Finally, antisense suppression of MdbHLH3 significantly reduced anthocyanin biosynthesis promoted by MdABI5, indicating that MdABI5-promoted anthocyanin biosynthesis was dependent on MdbHLH3. Taken together, our data suggest that MdABI5 plays a positive role in ABA-induced anthocyanin biosynthesis by modulating the MdbHLH3-MdMYB1 complex. Our work broadens the regulatory network of ABA-mediated anthocyanin biosynthesis, providing new insights to further study the transcriptional regulatory mechanisms behind this process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Ping An
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Collaborative Innovation Center for Fruit and Vegetable Production with High Quality and Efficiency, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai-An, Shandong, China
| | - Xiao-Wei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Collaborative Innovation Center for Fruit and Vegetable Production with High Quality and Efficiency, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai-An, Shandong, China
| | - Ya-Jing Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Collaborative Innovation Center for Fruit and Vegetable Production with High Quality and Efficiency, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai-An, Shandong, China
| | - Xiao-Fei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Collaborative Innovation Center for Fruit and Vegetable Production with High Quality and Efficiency, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai-An, Shandong, China
| | - Chun-Xiang You
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Collaborative Innovation Center for Fruit and Vegetable Production with High Quality and Efficiency, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai-An, Shandong, China
| | - Yu-Jin Hao
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Collaborative Innovation Center for Fruit and Vegetable Production with High Quality and Efficiency, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai-An, Shandong, China
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20
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Sun CH, Wang JH, Gu KD, Zhang P, Zhang XY, Zheng CS, Hu DG, Ma F. New insights into the role of MADS-box transcription factor gene CmANR1 on root and shoot development in chrysanthemum (Chrysanthemum morifolium). BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2021; 21:79. [PMID: 33549046 PMCID: PMC7866475 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-021-02860-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2020] [Accepted: 01/28/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND MADS-box transcription factors (TFs) are the key regulators of multiple developmental processes in plants; among them, a chrysanthemum MADS-box TF CmANR1 has been isolated and described as functioning in root development in response to high nitrate concentration signals. However, how CmANR1 affects root and shoot development remains unclear. RESULTS We report that CmANR1 plays a positive role in root system development in chrysanthemum throughout the developmental stages of in vitro tissue cultures. Metabolomics combined with transcriptomics assays show that CmANR1 promotes robust root system development by facilitating nitrate assimilation, and influencing the metabolic pathways of amino acid, glycolysis, and the tricarboxylic acid cycle (TCA) cycle. Also, we found that the expression levels of TFs associated with the nitrate signaling pathways, such as AGL8, AGL21, and LBD29, are significantly up-regulated in CmANR1-transgenic plants relative to the wild-type (WT) control; by contrast, the expression levels of RHD3-LIKE, LBD37, and GATA23 were significantly down-regulated. These results suggest that these nitrate signaling associated TFs are involved in CmANR1-modulated control of root development. In addition, CmANR1 also acts as a positive regulator to control shoot growth and development. CONCLUSIONS These findings provide potential mechanisms of MADS-box TF CmANR1 modulation of root and shoot development, which occurs by regulating a series of nitrate signaling associated TFs, and influencing the metabolic pathways of amino acid and glycolysis, as well as TCA cycle and nitrate assimilation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cui-Hui Sun
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, MOA Key Laboratory of Horticultural Crop Biology and Germplasm Innovation, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, Shandong, China
| | - Jia-Hui Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, MOA Key Laboratory of Horticultural Crop Biology and Germplasm Innovation, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, Shandong, China
| | - Kai-Di Gu
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, MOA Key Laboratory of Horticultural Crop Biology and Germplasm Innovation, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, Shandong, China
| | - Peng Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, MOA Key Laboratory of Horticultural Crop Biology and Germplasm Innovation, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, Shandong, China
| | - Xin-Yi Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, MOA Key Laboratory of Horticultural Crop Biology and Germplasm Innovation, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, Shandong, China
| | - Cheng-Shu Zheng
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, MOA Key Laboratory of Horticultural Crop Biology and Germplasm Innovation, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, Shandong, China.
| | - Da-Gang Hu
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, MOA Key Laboratory of Horticultural Crop Biology and Germplasm Innovation, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, Shandong, China.
| | - Fangfang Ma
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, MOA Key Laboratory of Horticultural Crop Biology and Germplasm Innovation, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, Shandong, China.
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21
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Yu J, Gu K, Sun C, Zhang Q, Wang J, Ma F, You C, Hu D, Hao Y. The apple bHLH transcription factor MdbHLH3 functions in determining the fruit carbohydrates and malate. PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL 2021; 19:285-299. [PMID: 32757335 PMCID: PMC7868978 DOI: 10.1111/pbi.13461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2019] [Accepted: 07/26/2020] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Changes in carbohydrates and organic acids largely determine the palatability of edible tissues of horticulture crops. Elucidating the potential molecular mechanisms involved in the change in carbohydrates and organic acids, and their temporal and spatial crosstalk are key steps in understanding fruit developmental processes. Here, we used apple (Malus domestica Borkh.) as research materials and found that MdbHLH3, a basic helix-loop-helix transcription factor (bHLH TF), modulates the accumulation of malate and carbohydrates. Biochemical analyses demonstrated that MdbHLH3 directly binds to the promoter of MdcyMDH that encodes an apple cytosolic NAD-dependent malate dehydrogenase, activating its transcriptional expression, thereby promoting malate accumulation in apple fruits. Additionally, MdbHLH3 overexpression increased the photosynthetic capacity and carbohydrate levels in apple leaves and also enhanced the carbohydrate accumulation in fruits by adjusting carbohydrate allocation from sources to sinks. Overall, our findings provide new insights into the mechanism of how the bHLH TF MdbHLH3 modulates the fruit quality. It directly regulates the expression of cytosolic malate dehydrogenase MdcyMDH to coordinate carbohydrate allocation and malate accumulation in apple.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian‐Qiang Yu
- National Key Laboratory of Crop BiologyCollege of Horticulture Science and EngineeringShandong Agricultural UniversityTai’anShandongChina
| | - Kai‐Di Gu
- National Key Laboratory of Crop BiologyCollege of Horticulture Science and EngineeringShandong Agricultural UniversityTai’anShandongChina
| | - Cui‐Hui Sun
- National Key Laboratory of Crop BiologyCollege of Horticulture Science and EngineeringShandong Agricultural UniversityTai’anShandongChina
| | - Quan‐Yan Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop BiologyCollege of Horticulture Science and EngineeringShandong Agricultural UniversityTai’anShandongChina
| | - Jia‐Hui Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop BiologyCollege of Horticulture Science and EngineeringShandong Agricultural UniversityTai’anShandongChina
| | - Fang‐Fang Ma
- National Key Laboratory of Crop BiologyCollege of Horticulture Science and EngineeringShandong Agricultural UniversityTai’anShandongChina
| | - Chun‐Xiang You
- National Key Laboratory of Crop BiologyCollege of Horticulture Science and EngineeringShandong Agricultural UniversityTai’anShandongChina
- MOA Key Laboratory of Horticultural Crop Biology and Germplasm InnovationTai’anShandongChina
- Shandong Collaborative Innovation Center for Fruit and Vegetable Production with High Quality and EfficiencyTai’anShandongChina
| | - Da‐Gang Hu
- National Key Laboratory of Crop BiologyCollege of Horticulture Science and EngineeringShandong Agricultural UniversityTai’anShandongChina
- MOA Key Laboratory of Horticultural Crop Biology and Germplasm InnovationTai’anShandongChina
- Shandong Collaborative Innovation Center for Fruit and Vegetable Production with High Quality and EfficiencyTai’anShandongChina
| | - Yu‐Jin Hao
- National Key Laboratory of Crop BiologyCollege of Horticulture Science and EngineeringShandong Agricultural UniversityTai’anShandongChina
- MOA Key Laboratory of Horticultural Crop Biology and Germplasm InnovationTai’anShandongChina
- Shandong Collaborative Innovation Center for Fruit and Vegetable Production with High Quality and EfficiencyTai’anShandongChina
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22
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Zhang YM, Guo P, Xia X, Guo H, Li Z. Multiple Layers of Regulation on Leaf Senescence: New Advances and Perspectives. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:788996. [PMID: 34938309 PMCID: PMC8685244 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.788996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2021] [Accepted: 11/03/2021] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Leaf senescence is the last stage of leaf development and is an orderly biological process accompanied by degradation of macromolecules and nutrient recycling, which contributes to plant fitness. Forward genetic mutant screening and reverse genetic studies of senescence-associated genes (SAGs) have revealed that leaf senescence is a genetically regulated process, and the initiation and progression of leaf senescence are influenced by an array of internal and external factors. Recently, multi-omics techniques have revealed that leaf senescence is subjected to multiple layers of regulation, including chromatin, transcriptional and post-transcriptional, as well as translational and post-translational levels. Although impressive progress has been made in plant senescence research, especially the identification and functional analysis of a large number of SAGs in crop plants, we still have not unraveled the mystery of plant senescence, and there are some urgent scientific questions in this field, such as when plant senescence is initiated and how senescence signals are transmitted. This paper reviews recent advances in the multiple layers of regulation on leaf senescence, especially in post-transcriptional regulation such as alternative splicing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue-Mei Zhang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Tree Breeding, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Pengru Guo
- National Engineering Laboratory for Tree Breeding, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Xinli Xia
- National Engineering Laboratory for Tree Breeding, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Hongwei Guo
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Design for Plant Cell Factory of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Department of Biology, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Zhonghai Li
- National Engineering Laboratory for Tree Breeding, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Zhonghai Li,
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23
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Hu DG, Wang N, Wang DH, Cheng L, Wang YX, Zhao YW, Ding JY, Gu KD, Xiao X, Hao YJ. A basic/helix-loop-helix transcription factor controls leaf shape by regulating auxin signaling in apple. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2020; 228:1897-1913. [PMID: 32712992 DOI: 10.1111/nph.16828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2020] [Accepted: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Climate-driven phenological change across local spatial gradients leads to leaf shape variation. At higher elevations, leaves of broadleaf species tend to become narrower, but the underlying molecular mechanism is largely unknown. In this study, a series of morphometric analyses and biochemical assays, combined with functional identification in apple, were performed. We show that the decrease in apple leaf width with increasing altitude is controlled by a basic/helix-loop-helix transcription factor (bHLH TF), MdbHLH3. The MdbHLH3-overexpressing lines have a lower transcript abundance of MdPIN1 encoding an auxin efflux carrier but a higher transcript abundance of MdGH3-2 encoding a putative auxin amido conjugate synthase, resulting in a lower free auxin concentration; feeding the transgenic leaves with exogenous auxin partially restores leaf width. MdbHLH3 transcriptionally suppresses and activates MdPIN1 and MdGH3-2, respectively, by specifically binding to their promoters. This alters auxin homeostasis and transport, consequently leading to changes in leaf shape. These findings suggest that the bHLH TF MdbHLH3 directly modulates auxin signaling in controlling leaf shape in response to local spatial gradients in apple.
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Affiliation(s)
- Da-Gang Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong, 271018, China
| | - Nian Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, State Forestry and Grassland Administration Key Laboratory of Silviculture in downstream areas of the Yellow River, College of Forestry, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong, 271018, China
| | - Dong-Hui Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Protein and Plant Gene Research, School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Lailiang Cheng
- Department of Horticulture, Cornell University, 134A Plant Science, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
| | - Yan-Xiu Wang
- College of Agricultural Sciences, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Yu-Wen Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong, 271018, China
| | - Jun-Yi Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, State Forestry and Grassland Administration Key Laboratory of Silviculture in downstream areas of the Yellow River, College of Forestry, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong, 271018, China
| | - Kai-Di Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong, 271018, China
| | - Xu Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong, 271018, China
| | - Yu-Jin Hao
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong, 271018, China
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24
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Huang J, Su S, Dai H, Liu C, Wei X, Zhao Y, Wang Z, Zhang X, Yuan Y, Yu X, Zhang C, Li Y, Zeng W, Wu HM, Cheung AY, Wang S, Duan Q. Programmed Cell Death in Stigmatic Papilla Cells Is Associated With Senescence-Induced Self-Incompatibility Breakdown in Chinese Cabbage and Radish. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2020; 11:586901. [PMID: 33365040 PMCID: PMC7750362 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.586901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2020] [Accepted: 11/02/2020] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Self-incompatibility (SI) is a genetic mechanism flowering plants adopted to reject self-pollen and promote outcrossing. In the Brassicaceae family plants, the stigma tissue plays a key role in self-pollen recognition and rejection. We reported earlier in Chinese cabbage (Brassica rapa) that stigma tissue showed upregulated ethylene responses and programmed cell death (PCD) upon compatible pollination, but not in SI responses. Here, we show that SI is significantly compromised or completely lost in senescent flowers and young flowers of senescent plants. Senescence upregulates senescence-associated genes in B. rapa. Suppressing their expression in young stigmas by antisense oligodeoxyribonucleotide abolishes compatible pollination-triggered PCD and inhibits the growth of compatible pollen tubes. Furthermore, ethylene biosynthesis genes and response genes are upregulated in senescent stigmas, and increasing the level of ethylene or inhibiting its response increases or decreases the expression of senescence-associated genes, respectively. Our results show that senescence causes PCD in stigmatic papilla cells and is associated with the breakdown of SI in Chinese cabbage and in radish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiabao Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, China
| | - Shiqi Su
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, China
| | - Huamin Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, China
| | - Chen Liu
- Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Xiaochun Wei
- Institute of Horticulture, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yanyan Zhao
- Institute of Horticulture, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Zhiyong Wang
- Institute of Horticulture, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xiaowei Zhang
- Institute of Horticulture, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yuxiang Yuan
- Institute of Horticulture, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xiaolin Yu
- Institute of Vegetable Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Changwei Zhang
- Department of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ying Li
- Department of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Weiqing Zeng
- Trait Discovery, Corteva Agriscience, Johnston, IA, United States
| | - Hen-Ming Wu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA, United States
| | - Alice Y. Cheung
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA, United States
| | - Shufen Wang
- Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, China
- *Correspondence: Shufen Wang,
| | - Qiaohong Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, China
- *Correspondence: Qiaohong Duan,
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