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Cheng KC, Chong PCT, Hsieh CC, Lin YT, Ye CH, Khumsupan D, Lu JJ, Yu WC, Cheng KW, Yap KY, Kou WS, Cheng MT, Hsu CC, Sheen LY, Lin SP, Wei AC, Yu SH. Identification of anti-fibrotic and pro-apoptotic bioactive compounds from Ganoderma formosanum and their possible mechanisms in modulating TGF-β1-induced lung fibrosis. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 327:118008. [PMID: 38458343 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.118008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Revised: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 03/03/2024] [Indexed: 03/10/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE The Compendium of Materia Medica and the Classic of Materia Medica, the two most prominent records of traditional Chinese medicine, documented the therapeutic benefits of Ganoderma sinense particularly in addressing pulmonary-related ailments. Ganoderma formosanum, an indigenous subspecies of G. sinense from Taiwan, has demonstrated the same therapeutic properties. AIM OF THE STUDY The aim of this study is to identify bioactive compounds and evaluate the potential of G. formosanum extracts as a novel treatment to alleviate pulmonary fibrosis (PF). Using an in-house drug screening platform, two-stage screening was performed to determine their anti-fibrotic efficacy. METHODS AND MATERIALS G. formosanum was fractionated into four partitions by solvents of different polarities. To determine their antifibrotic and pro-apoptotic properties, the fractions were analyzed using two TGF-β1-induced pulmonary fibrosis cell models (NIH-3T3) and human pulmonary fibroblast cell lines, immunoblot, qRT-PCR, and annexin V assays. Subsequently, transcriptomic analysis was conducted to validate the findings and explore possible molecular pathways. The identification of potential bioactive compounds was achieved through UHPLC-MS/MS analysis, while molecular interaction study was investigated by multiple ligands docking and molecular dynamic simulations. RESULTS The ethyl acetate fraction (EAF) extracted from G. formosanum demonstrated substantial anti-fibrotic and pro-apoptotic effects on TGF-β1-induced fibrotic models. Moreover, the EAF exhibited no discernible cytotoxicity. Untargeted UHPLC-MS/MS analysis identified potential bioactive compounds in EAF, including stearic acid, palmitic acid, and pentadecanoic acid. Multiple ligands docking and molecular dynamic simulations further confirmed that those bioactive compounds possess the ability to inhibit TGF-β receptor 1. CONCLUSION Potential bioactive compounds in G. formosanum were successfully extracted and identified in the EAF, whose anti-fibrotic and pro-apoptotic properties could potentially modulate pulmonary fibrosis. This finding not only highlights the EAF's potential as a promising therapeutic candidate to treat pulmonary fibrosis, but it also elucidates how Ganoderma confers pulmonary health benefits as described in the ancient texts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuan-Chen Cheng
- Institute of Biotechnology, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Rd., Taipei, Taiwan. R.O.C; Institute of Food Science Technology, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Rd., Taipei, Taiwan. R.O.C; Department of Optometry, Asia University, No. 500, Lioufeng Rd., Wufeng, Taichung, Taiwan. R.O.C; Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, No. 91, Hsueh-Shih Rd., Taichung, Taiwan. R.O.C
| | - Patrick Chun Theng Chong
- Institute of Biotechnology, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Rd., Taipei, Taiwan. R.O.C
| | - Chen-Che Hsieh
- Institute of Biotechnology, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Rd., Taipei, Taiwan. R.O.C
| | - Yu-Te Lin
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Electronics and Bioinformatics, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Rd., Taipei 10617, Taiwan. R.O.C
| | - Chih-Hung Ye
- Institute of Biotechnology, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Rd., Taipei, Taiwan. R.O.C
| | - Darin Khumsupan
- Institute of Biotechnology, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Rd., Taipei, Taiwan. R.O.C
| | - Jheng-Jhe Lu
- Institute of Biotechnology, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Rd., Taipei, Taiwan. R.O.C
| | - Wei-Chieh Yu
- Institute of Biotechnology, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Rd., Taipei, Taiwan. R.O.C
| | - Kai-Wen Cheng
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Rd., Taipei, Taiwan. R.O.C
| | - Kah Yi Yap
- Institute of Biotechnology, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Rd., Taipei, Taiwan. R.O.C
| | - Weng Si Kou
- Institute of Biotechnology, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Rd., Taipei, Taiwan. R.O.C
| | - Meng-Tsung Cheng
- School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, No.33, Linsen S. Rd., Taipei, 100025, Taiwan. R.O.C
| | - Cheng-Chih Hsu
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Rd., Taipei, Taiwan. R.O.C; Leeuwenhoek Laboratories Co. Ltd., No. 71, Fanglan Rd, Taipei, 106038, Taiwan. R.O.C
| | - Lee-Yan Sheen
- Institute of Food Science Technology, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Rd., Taipei, Taiwan. R.O.C
| | - Shin-Ping Lin
- School of Food Safety, Taipei Medical University, No. 250, Wu-Hsing Street, Taipei, Taiwan. R.O.C
| | - An-Chi Wei
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Electronics and Bioinformatics, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Rd., Taipei 10617, Taiwan. R.O.C
| | - Shu-Han Yu
- Institute of Biotechnology, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Rd., Taipei, Taiwan. R.O.C.
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Motta M, Barresi S, Pizzi S, Bifano D, Lopez Marti J, Garrido-Pontnou M, Flex E, Bruselles A, Giovannoni I, Rotundo G, Fragale A, Tirelli V, Vallese S, Ciolfi A, Bisogno G, Alaggio R, Tartaglia M. RAF1 gene fusions are recurrent driver events in infantile fibrosarcoma-like mesenchymal tumors. J Pathol 2024; 263:166-177. [PMID: 38629245 DOI: 10.1002/path.6272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
Infantile fibrosarcomas (IFS) and congenital mesoblastic nephroma (CMN) are rare myofibroblastic tumors of infancy and early childhood commonly harboring the ETV6::NTRK3 gene fusion. IFS/CMN are considered as tumors with an 'intermediate prognosis' as they are locally aggressive, but rarely metastasize, and generally have a favorable outcome. A fraction of IFS/CMN-related neoplasms are negative for the ETV6::NTRK3 gene rearrangement and are characterized by other chimeric proteins promoting MAPK signaling upregulation. In a large proportion of these tumors, which are classified as IFS-like mesenchymal neoplasms, the contributing molecular events remain to be identified. Here, we report three distinct rearrangements involving RAF1 among eight ETV6::NTRK3 gene fusion-negative tumors with an original histological diagnosis of IFS/CMN. The three fusion proteins retain the entire catalytic domain of the kinase. Two chimeric products, GOLGA4::RAF1 and LRRFIP2::RAF1, had previously been reported as driver events in different cancers, whereas the third, CLIP1::RAF1, represents a novel fusion protein. We demonstrate that CLIP1::RAF1 acts as a bona fide oncoprotein promoting cell proliferation and migration through constitutive upregulation of MAPK signaling. We show that the CLIP1::RAF1 hyperactive behavior does not require RAS activation and is mediated by constitutive 14-3-3 protein-independent dimerization of the chimeric protein. As previously reported for the ETV6::NTRK3 fusion protein, CLIP1::RAF1 similarly upregulates PI3K-AKT signaling. Our findings document that RAF1 gene rearrangements represent a recurrent event in ETV6::NTRK3-negative IFS/CMN and provide a rationale for the use of inhibitors directed to suppress MAPK and PI3K-AKT signaling in these cancers. © 2024 The Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marialetizia Motta
- Molecular Genetics and Functional Genomics Unit, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Sabina Barresi
- Pathology Unit, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Simone Pizzi
- Molecular Genetics and Functional Genomics Unit, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Delfina Bifano
- Pathology Unit, Santobono-Pausilipon Children's Hospital, Naples, Italy
| | - Jennifer Lopez Marti
- Department of Pathology, Hospital Nacional de Pediatria Juan P. Garrahan, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | | | - Elisabetta Flex
- Department of Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandro Bruselles
- Department of Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Giovannina Rotundo
- Molecular Genetics and Functional Genomics Unit, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandra Fragale
- Department of Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Silvia Vallese
- Pathology Unit, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Ciolfi
- Molecular Genetics and Functional Genomics Unit, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Gianni Bisogno
- Pediatric Hematology-Oncology Division, University Hospital, Padova, Italy
| | - Rita Alaggio
- Pathology Unit, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University, Latina, Italy
| | - Marco Tartaglia
- Molecular Genetics and Functional Genomics Unit, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
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3
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Li MD, Liu Q, Shi X, Wang Y, Zhu Z, Guan Y, He J, Han H, Mao Y, Ma Y, Yuan W, Yao J, Yang Z. Integrative analysis of genetics, epigenetics and RNA expression data reveal three susceptibility loci for smoking behavior in Chinese Han population. Mol Psychiatry 2024:10.1038/s41380-024-02599-1. [PMID: 38789676 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-024-02599-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 04/18/2024] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
Despite numerous studies demonstrate that genetics and epigenetics factors play important roles on smoking behavior, our understanding of their functional relevance and coordinated regulation remains largely unknown. Here we present a multiomics study on smoking behavior for Chinese smoker population with the goal of not only identifying smoking-associated functional variants but also deciphering the pathogenesis and mechanism underlying smoking behavior in this under-studied ethnic population. After whole-genome sequencing analysis of 1329 Chinese Han male samples in discovery phase and OpenArray analysis of 3744 samples in replication phase, we discovered that three novel variants located near FOXP1 (rs7635815), and between DGCR6 and PRODH (rs796774020), and in ARVCF (rs148582811) were significantly associated with smoking behavior. Subsequently cis-mQTL and cis-eQTL analysis indicated that these variants correlated significantly with the differential methylation regions (DMRs) or differential expressed genes (DEGs) located in the regions where these variants present. Finally, our in silico multiomics analysis revealed several hub genes, like DRD2, PTPRD, FOXP1, COMT, CTNNAP2, to be synergistic regulated each other in the etiology of smoking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming D Li
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.
- Research Center for Air Pollution and Health, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Qiang Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoqiang Shi
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yan Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhouhai Zhu
- Joint Institute of Tobacco and Health, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Ying Guan
- Joint Institute of Tobacco and Health, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Jingmin He
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- College of Biological Sciences, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi, China
| | - Haijun Han
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ying Mao
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yunlong Ma
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wenji Yuan
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jianhua Yao
- Joint Institute of Tobacco and Health, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Zhongli Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.
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4
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Eralp B, Sefer E. Reference-free inferring of transcriptomic events in cancer cells on single-cell data. BMC Cancer 2024; 24:607. [PMID: 38769480 PMCID: PMC11107047 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-024-12331-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cancerous cells' identity is determined via a mixture of multiple factors such as genomic variations, epigenetics, and the regulatory variations that are involved in transcription. The differences in transcriptome expression as well as abnormal structures in peptides determine phenotypical differences. Thus, bulk RNA-seq and more recent single-cell RNA-seq data (scRNA-seq) are important to identify pathogenic differences. In this case, we rely on k-mer decomposition of sequences to identify pathogenic variations in detail which does not need a reference, so it outperforms more traditional Next-Generation Sequencing (NGS) analysis techniques depending on the alignment of the sequences to a reference. RESULTS Via our alignment-free analysis, over esophageal and glioblastoma cancer patients, high-frequency variations over multiple different locations (repeats, intergenic regions, exons, introns) as well as multiple different forms (fusion, polyadenylation, splicing, etc.) could be discovered. Additionally, we have analyzed the importance of less-focused events systematically in a classic transcriptome analysis pipeline where these events are considered as indicators for tumor prognosis, tumor prediction, tumor neoantigen inference, as well as their connection with respect to the immune microenvironment. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that esophageal cancer (ESCA) and glioblastoma processes can be explained via pathogenic microbial RNA, repeated sequences, novel splicing variants, and long intergenic non-coding RNAs (lincRNAs). We expect our application of reference-free process and analysis to be helpful in tumor and normal samples differential scRNA-seq analysis, which in turn offers a more comprehensive scheme for major cancer-associated events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Batuhan Eralp
- Department of Computer Science, Ozyegin University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Emre Sefer
- Department of Computer Science, Ozyegin University, Istanbul, Turkey.
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5
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Zheng S, Jiang J, Shu Z, Qiu C, Jiang L, Zhao N, Lin X, Qian Y, Liang B, Qiu L. Fine particulate matter (PM 2.5) induces testosterone disruption by triggering ferroptosis through SIRT1/HIF-1α signaling pathway in male mice. Free Radic Biol Med 2024; 221:S0891-5849(24)00461-1. [PMID: 38759901 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2024.05.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2024] [Revised: 05/10/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/19/2024]
Abstract
Fine particulate matter (PM2.5), a significant component of air pollution particulate matter, is inevitable and closely associated with increasing male reproductive disorder. However, the testicular targets of PM2.5 and its toxicity related molecular mechanisms are still not fully understood. In this study, the conditional knockout (cKO) mice and primary Leydig cells were used to explore the testicular targets of PM2.5 and the related underlying mechanisms. First, apparent the structure impairment of seminiferous tubules, Leydig cells vacuolization, decline of serum testosterone and sperm quality reduction were found in male wild-type (WT) and Sirt1 knockout mice after exposure to PM2.5. Enrichment analyses revealed that differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were enriched in steroid hormone biosynthesis, ferroptosis, and HIF-1 signaling pathway in the mice testes after exposure to PM2.5, which were subsequently verified by the molecular biological analyses. Notably, similar enrichment analyses results were also observed in primary Leydig cells after treatment with PM2.5. In addition, Knockdown of Sirt1 significantly increased PM2.5-induced expression and activation of HIF-1α, which was in parallel to the changes of cellular iron levels, oxidative stress indicators and the ferroptosis markers. In conclusion, this highlights that PM2.5 triggers ferroptosis via SIRT1/HIF-1α signaling pathway to inhibit testosterone synthesis in males. These findings provide a novel research support for the study that PM2.5 causes male reproductive injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaokai Zheng
- School of Public Health, Nantong University, 9 Seyuan Rd., Nantong, 226019, PR China
| | - Jinchen Jiang
- School of Public Health, Nantong University, 9 Seyuan Rd., Nantong, 226019, PR China
| | - Zhenhao Shu
- School of Public Health, Nantong University, 9 Seyuan Rd., Nantong, 226019, PR China
| | - Chong Qiu
- Medical School, Nantong University, 19 Qixiu Rd., Nantong, 226001, PR China
| | - Lianlian Jiang
- School of Public Health, Nantong University, 9 Seyuan Rd., Nantong, 226019, PR China
| | - Nannan Zhao
- School of Public Health, Nantong University, 9 Seyuan Rd., Nantong, 226019, PR China
| | - Xiaojun Lin
- School of Public Health, Nantong University, 9 Seyuan Rd., Nantong, 226019, PR China
| | - Yingyun Qian
- Graduate School, Nantong University, 9 Seyuan Rd., Nantong, 226019, PR China
| | - Bo Liang
- Department of Ultrasound, Affiliated Hospital 2 of Nantong University, 6 Hai'er Lane North Rd., Nantong, 226019, PR China.
| | - Lianglin Qiu
- School of Public Health, Nantong University, 9 Seyuan Rd., Nantong, 226019, PR China.
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Yan C, Li C, Jiang M, Xu Y, Zhang S, Hu X, Chen Y, Lu S. Systematic characterization of gene families and functional analysis of PvRAS3 and PvRAS4 involved in rosmarinic acid biosynthesis in Prunella vulgaris. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2024; 15:1374912. [PMID: 38751843 PMCID: PMC11094360 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2024.1374912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
Prunella vulgaris is an important material for Chinese medicines with rosmarinic acid (RA) as its index component. Based on the chromosome-level genome assembly we obtained recently, 51 RA biosynthesis-related genes were identified. Sequence feature, gene expression pattern and phylogenetic relationship analyses showed that 17 of them could be involved in RA biosynthesis. In vitro enzymatic assay showed that PvRAS3 catalyzed the condensation of p-coumaroyl-CoA and caffeoyl-CoA with pHPL and DHPL. Its affinity toward p-coumaroyl-CoA was higher than caffeoyl-CoA. PvRAS4 catalyzed the condensation of p-coumaroyl-CoA with pHPL and DHPL. Its affinity toward p-coumaroyl-CoA was lower than PvRAS3. UPLC and LC-MS/MS analyses showed the existence of RA, 4-coumaroyl-3',4'-dihydroxyphenyllactic acid, 4-coumaroyl-4'-hydroxyphenyllactic acid and caffeoyl-4'-hydroxyphenyllactic acid in P. vulgaris. Generation and analysis of pvras3 homozygous mutants showed significant decrease of RA, 4-coumaroyl-3',4'-dihydroxyphenyllactic acid, 4-coumaroyl-4'-hydroxyphenyllactic acid and caffeoyl-4'-hydroxyphenyllactic acid and significant increase of DHPL and pHPL. It suggests that PvRAS3 is the main enzyme catalyzing the condensation of acyl donors and acceptors during RA biosynthesis. The role of PvRAS4 appears minor. The results provide significant information for quality control of P. vulgaris medicinal materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Yan
- State Key Laboratory for Quality Ensurance and Sustainable Use of Dao-di Herbs, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- Engineering Research Center of Chinese Medicine Resource, Ministry of Education, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China
| | - Caili Li
- State Key Laboratory for Quality Ensurance and Sustainable Use of Dao-di Herbs, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- Engineering Research Center of Chinese Medicine Resource, Ministry of Education, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Maochang Jiang
- State Key Laboratory for Quality Ensurance and Sustainable Use of Dao-di Herbs, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- Engineering Research Center of Chinese Medicine Resource, Ministry of Education, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yayun Xu
- State Key Laboratory for Quality Ensurance and Sustainable Use of Dao-di Herbs, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- Engineering Research Center of Chinese Medicine Resource, Ministry of Education, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Sixuan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Quality Ensurance and Sustainable Use of Dao-di Herbs, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- Engineering Research Center of Chinese Medicine Resource, Ministry of Education, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Xiangling Hu
- State Key Laboratory for Quality Ensurance and Sustainable Use of Dao-di Herbs, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- Engineering Research Center of Chinese Medicine Resource, Ministry of Education, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China
| | - Yuhang Chen
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China
| | - Shanfa Lu
- State Key Laboratory for Quality Ensurance and Sustainable Use of Dao-di Herbs, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- Engineering Research Center of Chinese Medicine Resource, Ministry of Education, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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7
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Deng W, He Q, Zhang W. Analysis of the mechanism of curcumin against osteoarthritis using metabolomics and transcriptomics. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2024; 397:3313-3329. [PMID: 37938371 PMCID: PMC11074044 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-023-02785-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 11/09/2023]
Abstract
Curcumin, a polyphenolic compound derived from the turmeric plant (Curcuma longa), has been extensively studied for its anti-inflammatory and anti-proliferative properties. The safety and efficacy of curcumin have been thoroughly validated. Nevertheless, the underlying mechanism for treating osteoarthritis remains ambiguous. This study aims to reveal the potential mechanism of curcumin in treating osteoarthritis by using metabolomics and transcriptomics. Firstly, we validated the effect of curcumin on inflammatory factors in human articular chondrocytes. Secondly, we explored the cellular metabolism mechanism of curcumin against osteoarthritis using cell metabolomics. Thirdly, we assessed the differences in gene expression of human articular chondrocytes through transcriptomics. Lastly, to evaluate the essential targets and elucidate the potential mechanism underlying the therapeutic effects of curcumin in osteoarthritis, we conducted a screening of the proteins within the shared pathway of metabolomics and transcriptomics. Our results demonstrated that curcumin significantly decreased the levels of inflammatory markers, such as IL-β, IL-6, and TNF-α, in human articular chondrocytes. Cell metabolomics identified 106 differential metabolites, including beta-aminopropionitrile, 3-amino-2-piperidone, pyrrole-2-carboxaldehyde, and various other components. The transcriptomic analysis yielded 1050 differential mRNAs. Enrichment analysis showed that the differential metabolites and mRNAs were significantly enriched in seven pathways, including glycine, serine, and threonine metabolism; pentose and glucuronate interconversions; glycerolipid metabolism; histidine metabolism; mucin-type o-glycan biosynthesis; inositol phosphate metabolism; and cysteine and methionine metabolism. A total of 23 key targets were identified to be involved in these pathways. We speculate that curcumin may alleviate osteoarthritis by targeting key proteins involved in glycine, serine, and threonine metabolism; inhibiting pyruvate production; and modulating glycolysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenxiang Deng
- College of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, Hunan, China
| | - Qinghu He
- Department of Rehabilitation and Healthcare, Hunan University of Medicine, Huaihua, 418000, Hunan, China.
- College of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, Hunan, China.
| | - Wenan Zhang
- College of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, Hunan, China
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Wang V, Tseng KY, Kuo TT, Huang EYK, Lan KL, Chen ZR, Ma KH, Greig NH, Jung J, Choi HI, Olson L, Hoffer BJ, Chen YH. Attenuating mitochondrial dysfunction and morphological disruption with PT320 delays dopamine degeneration in MitoPark mice. J Biomed Sci 2024; 31:38. [PMID: 38627765 PMCID: PMC11022395 DOI: 10.1186/s12929-024-01025-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mitochondria are essential organelles involved in cellular energy production. Changes in mitochondrial function can lead to dysfunction and cell death in aging and age-related disorders. Recent research suggests that mitochondrial dysfunction is closely linked to neurodegenerative diseases. Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor (GLP-1R) agonist has gained interest as a potential treatment for Parkinson's disease (PD). However, the exact mechanisms responsible for the therapeutic effects of GLP-1R-related agonists are not yet fully understood. METHODS In this study, we explores the effects of early treatment with PT320, a sustained release formulation of the GLP-1R agonist Exenatide, on mitochondrial functions and morphology in a progressive PD mouse model, the MitoPark (MP) mouse. RESULTS Our findings demonstrate that administration of a clinically translatable dose of PT320 ameliorates the reduction in tyrosine hydroxylase expression, lowers reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, and inhibits mitochondrial cytochrome c release during nigrostriatal dopaminergic denervation in MP mice. PT320 treatment significantly preserved mitochondrial function and morphology but did not influence the reduction in mitochondria numbers during PD progression in MP mice. Genetic analysis indicated that the cytoprotective effect of PT320 is attributed to a reduction in the expression of mitochondrial fission protein 1 (Fis1) and an increase in the expression of optic atrophy type 1 (Opa1), which is known to play a role in maintaining mitochondrial homeostasis and decreasing cytochrome c release through remodeling of the cristae. CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that the early administration of PT320 shows potential as a neuroprotective treatment for PD, as it can preserve mitochondrial function. Through enhancing mitochondrial health by regulating Opa1 and Fis1, PT320 presents a new neuroprotective therapy in PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vicki Wang
- Doctoral Degree Program in Translational Medicine, National Defense Medical Center and Academia Sinica, Taipei, 11490, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, 11490, Taiwan
| | - Kuan-Yin Tseng
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Tri-Service General Hospital, Taipei, 11490, Taiwan
- National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, 11490, Taiwan
| | - Tung-Tai Kuo
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Tri-Service General Hospital, Taipei, 11490, Taiwan
- Department of Pharmacology, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, 11490, Taiwan
| | - Eagle Yi-Kung Huang
- Department of Pharmacology, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, 11490, Taiwan
| | - Kuo-Lun Lan
- Department of Pathology, Tri-Service General Hospital, Taipei, 11490, Taiwan
| | - Zi-Rong Chen
- Department of Pathology, Tri-Service General Hospital, Taipei, 11490, Taiwan
| | - Kuo-Hsing Ma
- Graduate Institute of Biology and Anatomy, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, 11490, Taiwan
| | - Nigel H Greig
- Drug Design & Development Section, Translational Gerontology Branch, Intramural Research Program National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Baltimore, MD, 21224, USA
| | - Jin Jung
- Peptron, Inc., Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34054, Republic of Korea
| | - Ho-Ii Choi
- Peptron, Inc., Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34054, Republic of Korea
| | - Lars Olson
- Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institute, 171 77, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Barry J Hoffer
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospitals of Cleveland, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA
| | - Yuan-Hao Chen
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Tri-Service General Hospital, Taipei, 11490, Taiwan.
- National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, 11490, Taiwan.
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9
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Li X, Zhuo R, Mao Y, Fang C, Dai J, Ye L, Wang C, Sun F. HIF1A transcriptional regulation of COX4I2 impacts angiogenesis in pheochromocytoma. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2024; 704:149638. [PMID: 38422899 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2024.149638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pheochromocytoma (PCC) is a rare neuroendocrine tumor. Angiogenesis is primary contributing factor for tumorigenesis. Cytochrome c oxidase 4I2 (COX4I2) has been confirmed to take part in the progression of cancer. Hypoxia-inducible factor 1A (HIF1A) is the main regulatory factor for the steady-state response of hypoxia, involved in metabolism and angiogenesis. In this study, we intended to explore the functions of COX4I2 in PCC and the effect mechanism between HIF1A and COX4I2. MATERIALS AND METHODS The RNA-sequencing and immunohistochemistry tested COX4I2 expression in highly vascular PCC. Small interfering RNA (siRNA) was used to reduce the mRNA expression of COX4I2, and a small molecule inhibitor was utilized to reduce the protein expression of HIF1A. Culturing cells in 1% O2environment was performed to activate HIF1A. Western blot was applied to quantify the expression of target genes at the protein levels. The supernatant from PCC cells and fibroblasts acted as the conditioned medium. We conducted the tube formation and transwell assays in human vascular endothelial cells (HUVECs) to determine angiogenesis, the binding of COX4I2 promoter and HIF1A was evaluated by the dual luciferase reporter assay. RESULTS COX4I2 had been rigorously shown to be overexpressed in highly vascular PCC. Knockdown of COX4I2 in PCC cells (MPC) did not significantly impact angiogenesis, while knockdown of COX4I2 in fibroblast (3T3) notably inhibited angiogenesis. RNA sequencing suggested that the expression of 11 vascular markers, such as CD34 and angiogenesis associated pathways in 3T3, decreased with knockdown of COX4I2. HIF1A had been shown to enhance the mRNA expression of COX4I2 through transcriptional regulation. Activation and inhibition of HIF1A resulted in upregulation and downregulation of COX4I2, respectively. The HIF1A inhibitor demonstrated a reduction in angiogenesis. CONCLUSION COX4I2 is overexpressed in highly vascular PCC and contributes to angiogenesis in fibroblasts. Mechanistically, HIF1A transcriptional regulation enhances COX4I2 and its effects on angiogenesis in PCC. COX4I2 might serve as a vascular marker and represent a potential target for vascular therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuci Li
- Department of Urology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Ran Zhuo
- Department of Urology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Yongxin Mao
- Department of Urology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Chen Fang
- Department of Urology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Jun Dai
- Department of Urology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Lei Ye
- Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Chenghe Wang
- Department of Urology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China.
| | - Fukang Sun
- Department of Urology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China.
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10
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Sun W, Lu C, Wen L, Liu Y, Zhou X, Xiao X, Guo X, Wang Z, Sun Z, Zhang Z, Zhang Y. Low sucrose availability reduces basal spikelet fertility by inducing abscisic acid and jasmonic acid synthesis in wheat. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2024; 75:1967-1981. [PMID: 38069503 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erad484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/02/2023] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
Within a spike of wheat, the central spikelets usually generate three to four fertile florets, while the basal spikelets generate zero to one fertile floret. The physiological and transcriptional mechanism behind the difference in fertility between the basal and central spikelets is unclear. This study reports a high temporal resolution investigation of transcriptomes, number and morphology of floret primordia, and physiological traits. The W6.5-W7.5 stage was regarded as the boundary to distinguish between fertile and abortive floret primordia; those floret primordia reaching the W6.5-W7.5 stage during the differentiation phase (3-9 d after terminal spikelet stage) usually developed into fertile florets in the next dimorphism phase (12-27 d after terminal spikelet stage), whereas the others aborted. The central spikelets had a greater number of fertile florets than the basal spikelets, which was associated with more floret primordia reaching the W6.5-W7.5 stage. Physiological and transcriptional results demonstrated that the central spikelets had a higher sucrose content and lower abscisic acid (ABA) and jasmonic acid (JA) accumulation than the basal spikelets due to down-regulation of genes involved in ABA and JA synthesis. Collectively, we propose a model in which ABA and JA accumulation is induced under limiting sucrose availability (basal spikelet) through the up-regulation of genes involved in ABA and JA synthesis; this leads to floret primordia in the basal spikelets failing to reach their fertile potential (W6.5-W7.5 stage) during the differentiation phase and then aborting. This fertility repression model may also regulate spikelet fertility in other cereal crops and potentially provides genetic resources to improve spikelet fertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wan Sun
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, No. 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Chongjing Lu
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, No. 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Liangyun Wen
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, No. 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Yaqun Liu
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, No. 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Xiaohan Zhou
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, No. 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Xuechen Xiao
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, No. 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Xiaolei Guo
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, No. 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Zhimin Wang
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, No. 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100193, China
- Engineering Technology Research Center for Agriculture in Low Plain Areas, Hebei Province, 061800, China
| | - Zhencai Sun
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, No. 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100193, China
- Engineering Technology Research Center for Agriculture in Low Plain Areas, Hebei Province, 061800, China
| | - Zhen Zhang
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, No. 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Yinghua Zhang
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, No. 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100193, China
- Engineering Technology Research Center for Agriculture in Low Plain Areas, Hebei Province, 061800, China
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11
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Xiang X, He Y, Zhang Z, Yang X. Interrogations of single-cell RNA splicing landscapes with SCASL define new cell identities with physiological relevance. Nat Commun 2024; 15:2164. [PMID: 38461306 PMCID: PMC10925056 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-46480-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/11/2024] Open
Abstract
RNA splicing shapes the gene regulatory programs that underlie various physiological and disease processes. Here, we present the SCASL (single-cell clustering based on alternative splicing landscapes) method for interrogating the heterogeneity of RNA splicing with single-cell RNA-seq data. SCASL resolves the issue of biased and sparse data coverage on single-cell RNA splicing and provides a new scheme for classifications of cell identities. With previously published datasets as examples, SCASL identifies new cell clusters indicating potentially precancerous and early-tumor stages in triple-negative breast cancer, illustrates cell lineages of embryonic liver development, and provides fine clusters of highly heterogeneous tumor-associated CD4 and CD8 T cells with functional and physiological relevance. Most of these findings are not readily available via conventional cell clustering based on single-cell gene expression data. Our study shows the potential of SCASL in revealing the intrinsic RNA splicing heterogeneity and generating biological insights into the dynamic and functional cell landscapes in complex tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianke Xiang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinformatics, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
- Center for Synthetic & Systems Biology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Yao He
- Biomedical Pioneering Innovation Center and School of Life Sciences, Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Zemin Zhang
- Biomedical Pioneering Innovation Center and School of Life Sciences, Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
- Cancer Research Institute, Shenzhen Bay Lab, Shenzhen, 518132, China
| | - Xuerui Yang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinformatics, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China.
- Center for Synthetic & Systems Biology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China.
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12
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Hou CY, Hsieh CC, Hung YC, Hsu CC, Hsieh CW, Yu SH, Cheng KC. Evaluation of the amelioration effect of Ganoderma formosanum extract on delaying PM2.5 damage to lung macrophages. Mol Nutr Food Res 2024; 68:e2300667. [PMID: 38282089 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.202300667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2023] [Revised: 11/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
SCOPE Particulate matter (PM) contains toxic organic matter and heavy metals that enter the entire body through blood flow and may cause mortality. Ganoderma formosanum mycelium, a valuable traditional Chinese medicine that has been used since ancient times, contains various active ingredients that can effectively impede inflammatory responses on murine alveolar macrophages induced by PM particles. METHODS AND RESULTS An experimental study assessing the effect of G. formosanum mycelium extract's water fraction (WA) on PM-exposed murine alveolar macrophages using ROS measurement shows that WA reduces intracellular ROS by 12% and increases cell viability by 16% when induced by PM particles. According to RNA-Sequencing, western blotting, and real-time qPCR are conducted to analyze the metabolic pathway. The WA reduces the protein ratio in p-NF-κB/NF-κB by 18% and decreases the expression of inflammatory genes, including IL-1β by 38%, IL-6 by 29%, and TNF-α by 19%. Finally, the identification of seven types of anti-inflammatory compounds in the WA fraction is achieved through UHPLC-ESI-Orbitrap-Elite-MS/MS analysis. These compounds include anti-inflammatory compounds, namely thiamine, adenosine 5'-monophosphate, pipecolic acid, L-pyroglutamic acid, acetyl-L-carnitine, D-mannitol, and L-malic acid. CONCLUSIONS The study suggests that the WA has the potential to alleviate the PM -induced damage in alveolar macrophages, demonstrating its anti-inflammatory properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chih-Yao Hou
- Department of Seafood Science, College of Hydrosphere, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung, 81157, Taiwan
| | - Chen-Che Hsieh
- Institute of Biotechnology, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Rd., Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yin-Ci Hung
- Institute of Food Science Technology, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Rd., Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Chih Hsu
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Rd., Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
| | - Chang-Wei Hsieh
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, National Chung Hsing University, 145 Xingda Rd., South Dist., Taichung, 40227, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Han Yu
- Institute of Biotechnology, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Rd., Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Kuan-Chen Cheng
- Institute of Biotechnology, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Rd., Taipei, Taiwan
- Institute of Food Science Technology, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Rd., Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Optometry, Asia University, 500, Lioufeng Rd., Wufeng, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, 91, Hsueh-Shih Road, Taichung, Taiwan
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13
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Deckers C, Karbalaei R, Miles NA, Harder EV, Witt E, Harris EP, Reissner K, Wimmer ME, Bangasser DA. Early resource scarcity causes cortical astrocyte enlargement and sex-specific changes in the orbitofrontal cortex transcriptome in adult rats. Neurobiol Stress 2024; 29:100607. [PMID: 38304302 PMCID: PMC10831308 DOI: 10.1016/j.ynstr.2024.100607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Revised: 01/06/2024] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Astrocyte morphology affects function, including the regulation of glutamatergic signaling. This morphology changes dynamically in response to the environment. However, how early life manipulations alter adult cortical astrocyte morphology is underexplored. Our lab uses brief postnatal resource scarcity, the limited bedding and nesting (LBN) manipulation, in rats. We previously found that LBN augments maternal behaviors and promotes later resilience to adult addiction-related behaviors, reducing impulsivity, risky decision-making, and morphine self-administration. These behaviors rely on glutamatergic transmission in the medial orbitofrontal (mOFC) and medial prefrontal (mPFC) cortex. Here we tested whether LBN changed astrocyte morphology in the mOFC and mPFC of adult rats using a novel viral approach that, unlike traditional markers, fully labels astrocytes. Prior exposure to LBN causes an increase in the surface area and volume of astrocytes in the mOFC and mPFC of adult males and females relative to control-raised rats. We next used bulk RNA sequencing of OFC tissue to assess transcriptional changes that could increase astrocyte size in LBN rats. LBN caused mainly sex-specific changes in differentially expressed genes. Pathway analysis revealed that OFC glutamatergic signaling is altered by LBN in males and females, but the gene changes in that pathway differed across sex. This may represent a convergent sex difference where glutamatergic signaling, which affects astrocyte morphology, is altered by LBN via sex-specific mechanisms. Collectively, these studies highlight that astrocytes may be an important cell type that mediates the effect of early resource scarcity on adult brain function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire Deckers
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience Program, Temple University, Philadelphia, USA
| | - Reza Karbalaei
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience Program, Temple University, Philadelphia, USA
| | - Nylah A. Miles
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience Program, Temple University, Philadelphia, USA
| | - Eden V. Harder
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Emily Witt
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Erin P. Harris
- Neuroscience Institute, Georgia State University, Atlanta, USA
- Center for Behavioral Neuroscience, Georgia State University, Atlanta, USA
| | - Kathryn Reissner
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Mathieu E. Wimmer
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience Program, Temple University, Philadelphia, USA
| | - Debra A. Bangasser
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience Program, Temple University, Philadelphia, USA
- Neuroscience Institute, Georgia State University, Atlanta, USA
- Center for Behavioral Neuroscience, Georgia State University, Atlanta, USA
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14
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Niciura SCM, Cardoso TF, Ibelli AMG, Okino CH, Andrade BG, Benavides MV, Chagas ACDS, Esteves SN, Minho AP, Regitano LCDA, Gondro C. Multi-omics data elucidate parasite-host-microbiota interactions and resistance to Haemonchus contortus in sheep. Parasit Vectors 2024; 17:102. [PMID: 38429820 PMCID: PMC10908167 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-024-06205-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2023] [Accepted: 02/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/03/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The integration of molecular data from hosts, parasites, and microbiota can enhance our understanding of the complex biological interactions underlying the resistance of hosts to parasites. Haemonchus contortus, the predominant sheep gastrointestinal parasite species in the tropics, causes significant production and economic losses, which are further compounded by the diminishing efficiency of chemical control owing to anthelmintic resistance. Knowledge of how the host responds to infection and how the parasite, in combination with microbiota, modulates host immunity can guide selection decisions to breed animals with improved parasite resistance. This understanding will help refine management practices and advance the development of new therapeutics for long-term helminth control. METHODS Eggs per gram (EPG) of feces were obtained from Morada Nova sheep subjected to two artificial infections with H. contortus and used as a proxy to select animals with high resistance or susceptibility for transcriptome sequencing (RNA-seq) of the abomasum and 50 K single-nucleotide genotyping. Additionally, RNA-seq data for H. contortus were generated, and amplicon sequence variants (ASV) were obtained using polymerase chain reaction amplification and sequencing of bacterial and archaeal 16S ribosomal RNA genes from sheep feces and rumen content. RESULTS The heritability estimate for EPG was 0.12. GAST, GNLY, IL13, MGRN1, FGF14, and RORC genes and transcripts were differentially expressed between resistant and susceptible animals. A genome-wide association study identified regions on chromosomes 2 and 11 that harbor candidate genes for resistance, immune response, body weight, and adaptation. Trans-expression quantitative trait loci were found between significant variants and differentially expressed transcripts. Functional co-expression modules based on sheep genes and ASVs correlated with resistance to H. contortus, showing enrichment in pathways of response to bacteria, immune and inflammatory responses, and hub features of the Christensenellaceae, Bacteroides, and Methanobrevibacter genera; Prevotellaceae family; and Verrucomicrobiota phylum. In H. contortus, some mitochondrial, collagen-, and cuticle-related genes were expressed only in parasites isolated from susceptible sheep. CONCLUSIONS The present study identified chromosome regions, genes, transcripts, and pathways involved in the elaborate interactions between the sheep host, its gastrointestinal microbiota, and the H. contortus parasite. These findings will assist in the development of animal selection strategies for parasite resistance and interdisciplinary approaches to control H. contortus infection in sheep.
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15
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Park DJ, Choi W, Sayeed S, Dorschner RA, Rainaldi J, Ho K, Kezios J, Nolan JP, Mali P, Costantini T, Eliceiri BP. Defining the activity of pro-reparative extracellular vesicles in wound healing based on miRNA payloads and cell type-specific lineage mapping. Mol Ther 2024:S1525-0016(24)00088-1. [PMID: 38379282 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2024.02.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Revised: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Small extracellular vesicles (EVs) are released by cells and deliver biologically active payloads to coordinate the response of multiple cell types in cutaneous wound healing. Here we used a cutaneous injury model as a donor of pro-reparative EVs to treat recipient diabetic obese mice, a model of impaired wound healing. We established a functional screen for microRNAs (miRNAs) that increased the pro-reparative activity of EVs and identified a down-regulation of miR-425-5p in EVs in vivo and in vitro associated with the regulation of adiponectin. We tested a cell type-specific reporter of a tetraspanin CD9 fusion with GFP to lineage map the release of EVs from macrophages in the wound bed, based on the expression of miR-425-5p in macrophage-derived EVs and the abundance of macrophages in EV donor sites. Analysis of different promoters demonstrated that EV release under the control of a macrophage-specific promoter was most abundant and that these EVs were internalized by dermal fibroblasts. These findings suggested that pro-reparative EVs deliver miRNAs, such as miR-425-5p, that stimulate the expression of adiponectin that has insulin-sensitizing properties. We propose that EVs promote intercellular signaling between cell layers in the skin to resolve inflammation, induce proliferation of basal keratinocytes, and accelerate wound closure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Jun Park
- Department of Surgery, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Wooil Choi
- Department of Surgery, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Sakeef Sayeed
- Department of Surgery, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Robert A Dorschner
- Department of Dermatology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Joseph Rainaldi
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Kayla Ho
- Department of Surgery, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Jenny Kezios
- Department of Surgery, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | | | - Prashant Mali
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Todd Costantini
- Department of Surgery, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Brian P Eliceiri
- Department of Surgery, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; Department of Dermatology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA.
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16
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Francalanci P, Giovannoni I, Tancredi C, Gagliardi MG, Palmieri R, Brancaccio G, Spada M, Maggiore G, Pietrobattista A, Monti L, Castellano A, Giustiniani MC, Onetti Muda A, Alaggio R. Histopathological Spectrum and Molecular Characterization of Liver Tumors in the Setting of Fontan-Associated Liver Disease. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:307. [PMID: 38254797 PMCID: PMC10813949 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16020307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2023] [Revised: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Univentricular heart is corrected with the Fontan procedure (FP). In the long term, so-called Fontan-associated liver diseases (FALDs) can develop. The aim of this study is to analyze the molecular profile of FALDs. METHODS FALDs between January 1990 and December 2022 were reviewed for histology and immunohistochemistry, laboratory data, and images. Targeted next generation sequencing (NGS), performed on the DNA and RNA of both neoplastic and non-lesional liver tissue, was applied. RESULTS A total of 31/208 nodules > 1 cm in diameter were identified on imaging, but a liver biopsy was available for five patient demonstrating the following: one hepatocellular adenoma (HA), two hepatocellular carcinomas (HCCs), one fibrolamellar carcinoma (FLC), and one intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC). Molecular analysis showed a copy number alteration involving FGFR3 in three cases (two HCCs and one ICC) as well as one HCC with a hotspot mutation on the CTNNB1 and NRAS genes. Tumor mutational burden ranged from low to intermediate. A variant of uncertain significance in GNAS was present in two HCCs and in one ICC. The same molecular profile was observed in a non-lesional liver. A DNAJB1-PRKACA fusion was detected only in one FLC. CONCLUSIONS Neoplastic FALDs show some unusual molecular profiles compared with non-Fontan ones. The presence of the same alterations in non-lesional cardiac cirrhosis could contribute to the development of FALD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Francalanci
- O.U. Pathology, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, Piazza Sant’Onofrio 4, 00165 Rome, Italy; (I.G.); (C.T.); (A.O.M.); (R.A.)
| | - Isabella Giovannoni
- O.U. Pathology, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, Piazza Sant’Onofrio 4, 00165 Rome, Italy; (I.G.); (C.T.); (A.O.M.); (R.A.)
| | - Chantal Tancredi
- O.U. Pathology, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, Piazza Sant’Onofrio 4, 00165 Rome, Italy; (I.G.); (C.T.); (A.O.M.); (R.A.)
| | - Maria Giulia Gagliardi
- DPCCS Adult Congenital Cardiology, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, 00165 Rome, Italy; (M.G.G.); (R.P.); (G.B.)
| | - Rosalinda Palmieri
- DPCCS Adult Congenital Cardiology, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, 00165 Rome, Italy; (M.G.G.); (R.P.); (G.B.)
| | - Gianluca Brancaccio
- DPCCS Adult Congenital Cardiology, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, 00165 Rome, Italy; (M.G.G.); (R.P.); (G.B.)
| | - Marco Spada
- Hepatobiliary and Transplant Surgery, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, 00165 Rome, Italy;
| | - Giuseppe Maggiore
- Hepatology, Gastroenterology, Nutrition, Digestive Endoscopy and Liver Transplantation Unit, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, 00165 Rome, Italy; (G.M.); (A.P.)
| | - Andrea Pietrobattista
- Hepatology, Gastroenterology, Nutrition, Digestive Endoscopy and Liver Transplantation Unit, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, 00165 Rome, Italy; (G.M.); (A.P.)
| | - Lidia Monti
- O.U: Radiology, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, 00165 Rome, Italy;
| | - Aurora Castellano
- Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, 00165 Rome, Italy;
| | | | - Andrea Onetti Muda
- O.U. Pathology, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, Piazza Sant’Onofrio 4, 00165 Rome, Italy; (I.G.); (C.T.); (A.O.M.); (R.A.)
| | - Rita Alaggio
- O.U. Pathology, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, Piazza Sant’Onofrio 4, 00165 Rome, Italy; (I.G.); (C.T.); (A.O.M.); (R.A.)
- Department of Medical-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of Rome, Polo Pontino, 00185 Rome, Italy
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Zhu P, He T, Zheng Y, Chen L. The need for masked genomes in gymnosperms. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1309744. [PMID: 38146270 PMCID: PMC10749308 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1309744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/27/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Lingyan Chen
- Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
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18
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Duan G, Liu W, Han H, Li D, Lei Q, Zhou Y, Liu J, Wang J, Du Y, Cao D, Chen F, Li F. Transcriptome and histological analyses on the uterus of freckle egg laying hens. BMC Genomics 2023; 24:738. [PMID: 38049727 PMCID: PMC10696746 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-023-09828-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In this study, we explored the characteristics and causes of freckle formation. We collected 15 normal and freckled eggs each for eggshell index testing and hypothesized that the structure and function of the uterus would have a direct effect on freckled egg production given that eggshells are formed in the uterus. To test this hypothesis, we collected uterine tissue from laying hens (418 days of age) that laid normal (Group C, n = 13) and freckled (Group T, n = 16) eggs for 7 consecutive days. RESULTS When we examined the eggshell quality, we found that the L value was significantly lower (P < 0.05) in the freckled site group of freckled eggs compared to the normal egg group during the detection of blunt pole, equator, and sharp pole of the eggshell color. The a-values of the three positions were significantly higher (P < 0.05) in the freckled site group of freckled eggs, and the a-values of the blunt pole were significantly lower (P < 0.05) in the background site group of freckled eggs, compared to the normal egg group. The b-values were significantly higher (P < 0.05) at three locations in the freckled site group of freckled eggs compared to the normal egg group. During the detection of eggshell thickness, the blunt pole was significantly higher (P < 0.05) in the freckled egg site group of freckled eggs compared to the normal egg group, and there was no significant difference between the other groups (P > 0.05). There was no significant difference (P > 0.05) between the transverse and longitudinal diameters of the eggs in each group.We then performed histopathology and transcriptome analyses on the collected tissue. When compared with group C, uterine junctional epithelial cells in group T showed significant defects and cilia loss, and epithelial tissue was poorly intact. From transcriptomics, genes that met (|log2FC|) ≥ 1 and P < 0.05 criteria were screened as differentially expressed genes (DEGs). We identified a total of 136 DEGs, with 101 up- and 35 down-regulated genes from our RNA-seq data. DEGs identified by enrichment analyses, which were potentially associated with freckled egg production were: IFI6, CCL19, AvBD10, AvBD11, S100A12, POMC, and UCN3. Gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analyses showed that pathways were associated with immunoreaction and stress stimulation, e.g., complement activation, interleukin-1 cell reactions, viral responses, cell reactions stimulated by corticotropin releasing hormone, steroid hormone mediated signaling pathways, staphylococcal infections, B cell receptor signaling pathways, and natural killer cell mediated cytotoxicity. CONCLUSIONS From these data, freckled areas deepen freckled eggshell color, but background areas are not affected. At the same time,we reasoned that freckle eggs may result from abnormal immune responses and impaired uterine functions induced by stress. Therefore, the uterus of laying hens in a state of stress and abnormal immune function can cause the appearance of freckled eggs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guochao Duan
- Poultry Institute, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, 250100, China
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China
| | - Wei Liu
- Poultry Institute, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, 250100, China
- Poultry Breeding Engineering Technology Center of Shandong Province, Jinan, 250100, China
| | - Haixia Han
- Poultry Institute, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, 250100, China
- Poultry Breeding Engineering Technology Center of Shandong Province, Jinan, 250100, China
| | - Dapeng Li
- Poultry Institute, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, 250100, China
- Poultry Breeding Engineering Technology Center of Shandong Province, Jinan, 250100, China
| | - Qiuxia Lei
- Poultry Institute, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, 250100, China
- Poultry Breeding Engineering Technology Center of Shandong Province, Jinan, 250100, China
| | - Yan Zhou
- Poultry Institute, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, 250100, China
- Poultry Breeding Engineering Technology Center of Shandong Province, Jinan, 250100, China
| | - Jie Liu
- Poultry Institute, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, 250100, China
- Poultry Breeding Engineering Technology Center of Shandong Province, Jinan, 250100, China
| | - Jie Wang
- Poultry Institute, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, 250100, China
- Poultry Breeding Engineering Technology Center of Shandong Province, Jinan, 250100, China
| | - Yuanjun Du
- Poultry Institute, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, 250100, China
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China
| | - Dingguo Cao
- Poultry Institute, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, 250100, China
- Poultry Breeding Engineering Technology Center of Shandong Province, Jinan, 250100, China
| | - Fu Chen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China
| | - Fuwei Li
- Poultry Institute, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, 250100, China.
- Poultry Breeding Engineering Technology Center of Shandong Province, Jinan, 250100, China.
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19
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Zhang R, Liu H, Lin J, Ding J, You J, Geng J. AhR may be involved in Th17 cell differentiation in chronic hepatitis B. J Viral Hepat 2023; 30:939-950. [PMID: 37608767 DOI: 10.1111/jvh.13883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Revised: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 08/24/2023]
Abstract
Th17 cells which are crucial for host immunity have been demonstrated to increase HBV infection. However, the mechanism of the Th17 cell increase is unknown. Hence, the mechanism of Th17 cell enhancement is important to provide a theoretical foundation for chronic hepatitis B immunotherapy. This study included 15 instances in the healthy control (HC) and 15 cohorts in the chronic hepatitis B (CHB). Their CD4+ T cells were isolated from their peripheral blood and then subjected to RNA transcriptome sequencing. Then, to identify target genes linked to Th17-cell differentiation, DEGs associated with CHB were convergent with the Th17-cell-associated genes from the KEGG database. Hub genes of DEG and target genes linked to Th17 cells were analysed for correlation. The AhR-related genes were located using the GeneMANIA database. To analyse the function of the genes, GO and KEGG pathways were employed. Protein-protein interaction network analysis employed the Metascape, STRING and Cytoscape databases. Finally, Western blotting and RT-qPCR were used to validate AhR. A total of 348 differential genes were identified in CHB patients. CytoHubba was used for screening five hub genes associated with CHB: CXCL10, RACGAP1, TPX2, FN1 and GZMA. This study aimed to determine the mechanism of elevated Th17 cells in CHB. As a result, further investigation using the convergence of DGEs and Th17 cell-related genes identified three target genes: AhR, HLA-DQA1 and HLA-DQB1, all of which were elevated in CHB. The three genes were primarily involved in immune response-related processes, according to the GO enrichment analysis. Correlation analysis of CXCL10, RACGAP1, TPX2, FN1 and GZMA genes with AhR, HLA-DQA1 and HLA-DQB1 revealed that AhR was positively associated with CXCL10 and GZMA genes, which best respond to the severity of CHB disease. Combined with the role of AhR in Th17 cell differentiation, the genes AhR was chosen for confirmation by RT-qPCR and WB in this study. The results showed that the CHB group had higher expression levels of AhR at both RT-qPCR and WB levels. Furthermore, this study's findings revealed that AhR may contribute to the development of CHB by affecting the differentiation of Th17 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruyi Zhang
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Hepatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Hepatology, The First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, The Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China
| | - Huaie Liu
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Hepatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Jie Lin
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Hepatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Jie Ding
- The Third People's Hospital of Kunming, Kunming, China
| | - Jing You
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Hepatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Jiawei Geng
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Hepatology, The First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, The Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China
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20
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Liao W, Lee KZ. CDKL5-mediated developmental tuning of neuronal excitability and concomitant regulation of transcriptome. Hum Mol Genet 2023; 32:3276-3298. [PMID: 37688574 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddad149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Revised: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Cyclin-dependent kinase-like 5 (CDKL5) is a serine-threonine kinase enriched in the forebrain to regulate neuronal development and function. Patients with CDKL5 deficiency disorder (CDD), a severe neurodevelopmental condition caused by mutations of CDKL5 gene, present early-onset epilepsy as the most prominent feature. However, spontaneous seizures have not been reported in mouse models of CDD, raising vital questions on the human-mouse differences and the roles of CDKL5 in early postnatal brains. Here, we firstly measured electroencephalographic (EEG) activities via a wireless telemetry system coupled with video-recording in neonatal mice. We found that mice lacking CDKL5 exhibited spontaneous epileptic EEG discharges, accompanied with increased burst activities and ictal behaviors, specifically at postnatal day 12 (P12). Intriguingly, those epileptic spikes disappeared after P14. We next performed an unbiased transcriptome profiling in the dorsal hippocampus and motor cortex of Cdkl5 null mice at different developmental timepoints, uncovering a set of age-dependent and brain region-specific alterations of gene expression in parallel with the transient display of epileptic activities. Finally, we validated multiple differentially expressed genes, such as glycine receptor alpha 2 and cholecystokinin, at the transcript or protein levels, supporting the relevance of these genes to CDKL5-regulated excitability. Our findings reveal early-onset neuronal hyperexcitability in mouse model of CDD, providing new insights into CDD etiology and potential molecular targets to ameliorate intractable neonatal epilepsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenlin Liao
- Institute of Neuroscience, National Cheng-Chi University, Taipei 116, Taiwan
- Research Center for Mind, Brain and Learning, National Cheng-Chi University, Taipei 116, Taiwan
| | - Kun-Ze Lee
- Department of Biological Sciences, National Sun Yat-Sen University, No. 70, Lienhai Road, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan
- Department of Biomedical Science and Environmental Biology, Kaohsiung Medical University, 100, Shih-Chuan 1st Road, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
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21
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Weng HP, Ke CH, Tung CW, Tani A, Wang CC, Yang WY, Wang YS, Han W, Liao CH, Tomiyasu H, Lin CS. Canine diffuse large b-cell lymphoma downregulates the activity of CD8 + T-cells through tumor-derived extracellular vesicles. Cancer Cell Int 2023; 23:252. [PMID: 37884996 PMCID: PMC10601183 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-023-03104-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tumor-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) have been proposed as the essential mediator between host immunity and cancer development. These EVs conduct cellular communication to facilitate tumor growth, enable invasion and metastasis, and shape the favorable tumor microenvironment. Lymphoma is one of the most common hematological malignancies in humans and dogs. Effective T-cell responses are required for the control of these malignancies. However, the immune crosstalk between CD8 + T-cells, which dominates anti-tumor responses, and canine lymphoma has rarely been described. METHODS This study investigates the immune manipulating effects of EVs, produced from the clinical cases and cell line of canine B cell lymphoma, on CD8 + T-cells isolated from canine donors. RESULTS Lymphoma-derived EVs lead to the apoptosis of CD8 + T-cells. Furthermore, EVs trigger the overexpression of CTLA-4 on CD8 + T-cells, which indicates that EV blockade could serve as a potential therapeutic strategy for lymphoma patients. Notably, EVs transform the CD8 + T-cells into regulatory phenotypes by upregulating their PD-1, PD-L1, and FoxP3 mRNA expression. The regulatory CD8 + T-cells secret the panel of inhibitory cytokines and angiogenic factors and thus create a pro-tumorigenic microenvironment. CONCLUSION In summary, the current study demonstrated that the EVs derived from canine B cell lymphoma impaired the anti-tumor activity of CD8 + T-cells and manipulated the possible induction of regulatory CD8 + T-cells to fail the activation of host cellular immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsin-Pei Weng
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine, National Taiwan University, No.1 Sec.4 Roosevelt Rd, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan ROC
| | - Chiao-Hsu Ke
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine, National Taiwan University, No.1 Sec.4 Roosevelt Rd, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan ROC
| | - Chun-Wei Tung
- Institute of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Research, National Health Research Institutes, 35053, Miaoli, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Data Science, College of Management, Taipei Medical University, 106, Taipei, Taiwan
- Doctoral Degree Program in Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University, 80708, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Akiyoshi Tani
- Department of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1, Yayoi, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo, 113-8657, Japan
| | - Chia-Chi Wang
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine, National Taiwan University, No.1 Sec.4 Roosevelt Rd, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan ROC
| | - Wen-Yuan Yang
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine, National Taiwan University, No.1 Sec.4 Roosevelt Rd, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan ROC
- Zoonoses Research Center and School of Veterinary Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 106, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Shan Wang
- Lab. 2612, Rekiin Biotech Inc, Taipei, 114737, Taiwan
| | - Winston Han
- Lab. 2612, Rekiin Biotech Inc, Taipei, 114737, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Hsun Liao
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine, National Taiwan University, No.1 Sec.4 Roosevelt Rd, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan ROC
| | - Hirotaka Tomiyasu
- Department of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1, Yayoi, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo, 113-8657, Japan.
| | - Chen-Si Lin
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine, National Taiwan University, No.1 Sec.4 Roosevelt Rd, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan ROC.
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Li M, Li W, Zhao M, Li Z, Wang GL, Liu W, Liang C. Transcriptome analysis reveals a lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA regulatory network in OsRpp30-mediated disease resistance in rice. BMC Genomics 2023; 24:643. [PMID: 37884868 PMCID: PMC10604448 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-023-09748-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play critical roles in various biological processes in plants. Extensive studies utilizing high-throughput RNA sequencing have revealed that many lncRNAs are involved in plant disease resistance. Oryza sativa RNase P protein 30 (OsRpp30) has been identified as a positive regulator of rice immunity against fungal and bacterial pathogens. Nevertheless, the specific functions of lncRNAs in relation to OsRpp30-mediated disease resistance in rice remain elusive. RESULTS We conducted a comprehensive analysis of lncRNAs, miRNAs, and mRNAs expression patterns in wild type (WT), OsRpp30 overexpression (OsRpp30-OE), and OsRpp30 knockout (OsRpp30-KO) rice plants. In total, we identified 91 differentially expressed lncRNAs (DElncRNAs), 1671 differentially expressed mRNAs (DEmRNAs), and 41 differentially expressed miRNAs (DEmiRNAs) across the different rice lines. To gain further insights, we investigated the interaction between DElncRNAs and DEmRNAs, leading to the discovery of 10 trans- and 27 cis-targeting pairs specific to the OsRpp30-OE and OsRpp30-KO samples. In addition, we constructed a competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) network comprising differentially expressed lncRNAs, miRNAs, and mRNAs to elucidate their intricate interplay in rice disease resistance. The ceRNA network analysis uncovered a set of gene targets regulated by lncRNAs and miRNAs, which were found to be involved in pathogen recognition, hormone pathways, transcription factor activation, and other biological processes related to plant immunity. CONCLUSIONS Our study provides a comprehensive expression profiling of lncRNAs, miRNAs, and mRNAs in a collection of defense mutants in rice. To decipher the putative functional significance of lncRNAs, we constructed trans- and cis-targeting networks involving differentially expressed lncRNAs and mRNAs, as well as a ceRNA network incorporating differentially expressed lncRNAs, miRNAs, and mRNAs. Together, the findings from this study provide compelling evidence supporting the pivotal roles of lncRNAs in OsRpp30-mediated disease resistance in rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minghua Li
- Department of Biology, Miami University, Oxford, OH, 45056, USA
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Plant Pathology, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Meixia Zhao
- Department of Microbiology and Cell Science, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA
| | - Zhiqiang Li
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Guo-Liang Wang
- Department of Plant Pathology, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA.
| | - Wende Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China.
| | - Chun Liang
- Department of Biology, Miami University, Oxford, OH, 45056, USA.
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23
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Tan F, Long X, Du J, Yuan X. RNA-Seq transcriptomic landscape profiling of spontaneously hypertensive rats treated with a sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitor. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 166:115289. [PMID: 37572641 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Revised: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/14/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 inhibitor (SGLT2i) are antihyperglycemic medications that reduce cardiovascular disease (CVD) and improve chronic kidney disease prognosis in patients with diabetes mellitus. The specific impact of SGLT2i treatment on hypertensive individuals, however, remains to be established. This underscores the need for systematic efforts to profile the molecular landscape associated with SGLT2i administration. METHODS We conducted a detailed RNA-sequencing (RNA-Seq)-based exploration of transcriptomic changes in response to empagliflozin in eight different tissues (i.e., atrium, aorta, ventricle, white adipose, brown adipose, kidney, lung, and brain) from a male rat model of spontaneously hypertension. Corresponding computational analyses (i.e., clustering, differentially-expressed genes [DEG], and functional association) were performed to analyze these data. Blood pressure measurements, tissue staining studies and RT-qPCR were performed to validate our in silico findings. RESULTS We discovered that empagliflozin exerted potent transcriptomic effects on various tissues, most notably the kidney, white adipose, and lung in spontaneously hypertension rats (SHR). The functional enrichment of DEGs indicated that empagliflozin may regulate blood pressure, blood glucose and lipid homeostasis in SHR. Consistent with our RNA-Seq findings, immunohistochemistry and qPCR analyses revealed decreased renal expression of mitogen-activated protein kinase 10 (MAPK10) and decreased pulmonary expression of the proinflammatory factors Legumain and cathepsin S (CTSS) at 1 month of empagliflozin administration. Notably, immunofluorescence experiments showed increased expression of the AMP-activated protein kinases Prkaa1 and Prkaa2 in white adipose tissue of SHR following empagliflozin therapy. Furthermore, the transcriptomic signatures of the blood pressure-lowing effect by empagliflozin were experimentally validated in SHR. CONCLUSIONS This study provided an important resource of the effects of empagliflozin on various tissues of SHRs. We identified tissue-specific and tissue-enriched transcriptomic signatures, and uncovered the beneficial effects of empagliflozin on hypertension, weight gain and inflammatory response in validated experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangyan Tan
- Department of Nephrology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 4000l0, China
| | - Xianglin Long
- Department of Cardiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400040, China
| | - Jianlin Du
- Department of Cardiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400040, China
| | - Xin Yuan
- Department of Nephrology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 4000l0, China.
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24
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Yu Y, Hou W, Liu Y, Wang H, Dong L, Mai Y, Chen Q, Li Z, Sun S, Yang J, Cao Z, Zhang P, Zi Y, Liu R, Gao J, Zhang N, Li J, Ren L, Jiang H, Shang J, Zhu S, Wang X, Qing T, Bao D, Li B, Li B, Suo C, Pi Y, Wang X, Dai F, Scherer A, Mattila P, Han J, Zhang L, Jiang H, Thierry-Mieg D, Thierry-Mieg J, Xiao W, Hong H, Tong W, Wang J, Li J, Fang X, Jin L, Xu J, Qian F, Zhang R, Shi L, Zheng Y. Quartet RNA reference materials improve the quality of transcriptomic data through ratio-based profiling. Nat Biotechnol 2023:10.1038/s41587-023-01867-9. [PMID: 37679545 DOI: 10.1038/s41587-023-01867-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023]
Abstract
Certified RNA reference materials are indispensable for assessing the reliability of RNA sequencing to detect intrinsically small biological differences in clinical settings, such as molecular subtyping of diseases. As part of the Quartet Project for quality control and data integration of multi-omics profiling, we established four RNA reference materials derived from immortalized B-lymphoblastoid cell lines from four members of a monozygotic twin family. Additionally, we constructed ratio-based transcriptome-wide reference datasets between two samples, providing cross-platform and cross-laboratory 'ground truth'. Investigation of the intrinsically subtle biological differences among the Quartet samples enables sensitive assessment of cross-batch integration of transcriptomic measurements at the ratio level. The Quartet RNA reference materials, combined with the ratio-based reference datasets, can serve as unique resources for assessing and improving the quality of transcriptomic data in clinical and biological settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences and Human Phenome Institute, Shanghai Cancer Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wanwan Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences and Human Phenome Institute, Shanghai Cancer Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yaqing Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences and Human Phenome Institute, Shanghai Cancer Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Haiyan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences and Human Phenome Institute, Shanghai Cancer Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | | | - Yuanbang Mai
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences and Human Phenome Institute, Shanghai Cancer Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qingwang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences and Human Phenome Institute, Shanghai Cancer Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhihui Li
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences and Human Phenome Institute, Shanghai Cancer Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shanyue Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences and Human Phenome Institute, Shanghai Cancer Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jingcheng Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences and Human Phenome Institute, Shanghai Cancer Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Greater Bay Area Institute of Precision Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zehui Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences and Human Phenome Institute, Shanghai Cancer Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Peipei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences and Human Phenome Institute, Shanghai Cancer Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi Zi
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences and Human Phenome Institute, Shanghai Cancer Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ruimei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences and Human Phenome Institute, Shanghai Cancer Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jian Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences and Human Phenome Institute, Shanghai Cancer Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Naixin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences and Human Phenome Institute, Shanghai Cancer Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jingjing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences and Human Phenome Institute, Shanghai Cancer Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Nextomics Biosciences Institute, Wuhan, China
| | - Luyao Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences and Human Phenome Institute, Shanghai Cancer Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - He Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences and Human Phenome Institute, Shanghai Cancer Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jun Shang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences and Human Phenome Institute, Shanghai Cancer Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Sibo Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences and Human Phenome Institute, Shanghai Cancer Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaolin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences and Human Phenome Institute, Shanghai Cancer Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Tao Qing
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences and Human Phenome Institute, Shanghai Cancer Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ding Bao
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences and Human Phenome Institute, Shanghai Cancer Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Bingying Li
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences and Human Phenome Institute, Shanghai Cancer Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Bin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences and Human Phenome Institute, Shanghai Cancer Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chen Suo
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences and Human Phenome Institute, Shanghai Cancer Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan Pi
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences and Human Phenome Institute, Shanghai Cancer Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xia Wang
- National Institute of Metrology, Beijing, China
| | | | - Andreas Scherer
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- EATRIS ERIC-European Infrastructure for Translational Medicine, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Pirkko Mattila
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- EATRIS ERIC-European Infrastructure for Translational Medicine, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Lijun Zhang
- Nanjing Vazyme Biotech Co. Ltd., Nanjing, China
| | | | - Danielle Thierry-Mieg
- National Center for Biotechnology Information, National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Jean Thierry-Mieg
- National Center for Biotechnology Information, National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Wenming Xiao
- Office of Oncologic Diseases, Office of New Drugs, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, US Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD, USA
| | - Huixiao Hong
- Division of Bioinformatics and Biostatistics, National Center for Toxicological Research, US Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, AR, USA
| | - Weida Tong
- Division of Bioinformatics and Biostatistics, National Center for Toxicological Research, US Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, AR, USA
| | - Jing Wang
- National Institute of Metrology, Beijing, China
| | - Jinming Li
- National Center for Clinical Laboratories, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing Hospital, Beijing, China
- National Center of Gerontology, Beijing, China
| | - Xiang Fang
- National Institute of Metrology, Beijing, China
| | - Li Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences and Human Phenome Institute, Shanghai Cancer Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Joshua Xu
- Division of Bioinformatics and Biostatistics, National Center for Toxicological Research, US Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, AR, USA.
| | - Feng Qian
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences and Human Phenome Institute, Shanghai Cancer Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
- Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Rui Zhang
- National Center for Clinical Laboratories, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing Hospital, Beijing, China.
- National Center of Gerontology, Beijing, China.
| | - Leming Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences and Human Phenome Institute, Shanghai Cancer Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
- International Human Phenome Institutes, Shanghai, China.
| | - Yuanting Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences and Human Phenome Institute, Shanghai Cancer Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
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Lei J, Pan Y, Gao R, He B, Wang Z, Lei X, Zhang Z, Yang N, Yan M. Rutaecarpine induces the differentiation of triple-negative breast cancer cells through inhibiting fumarate hydratase. J Transl Med 2023; 21:553. [PMID: 37592347 PMCID: PMC10436383 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-023-04396-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/29/2023] [Indexed: 08/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is one of the most aggressive human cancers and has poor prognosis. Approximately 80% of TNBC cases belong to the molecular basal-like subtype, which can be exploited therapeutically by inducing differentiation. However, the strategies for inducing the differentiation of TNBC remain underexplored. METHODS A three-dimensional (3D) morphological screening model based on a natural compound library was used to identify possible candidate compounds that can induce TNBC cell differentiation. The efficacy of rutaecarpine was verified using assays: RT-qPCR, RNA-seq, flow cytometry, immunofluorescence, SCENITH and label-free LC-MS/MS. The direct targets of rutaecarpine were identified through drug affinity responsive target stability (DARTS) assay. A xenograft mice model was also constructed to confirm the effect of rutaecarpine in vivo. RESULTS We identified that rutaecarpine, an indolopyridoquinazolinone, induces luminal differentiation of basal TNBC cells in both 3D spheroids and in vivo mice models. Mechanistically, rutaecarpine treatment leads to global metabolic stress and elevated ROS in 3D cultured TNBC cells. Moreover, NAC, a scavenger of ROS, impedes rutaecarpine-induced differentiation of TNBC cells in 3D culture. Finally, we identified fumarate hydratase (FH) as the direct interacting target of rutaecarpine. The inhibition of FH and the knockdown of FH consistently induced the differentiation of TNBC cells in 3D culture. CONCLUSIONS Our results provide a platform for differentiation therapy drug discovery using 3D culture models and identify rutaecarpine as a potential compound for TNBC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Lei
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Cancer Center, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Yujia Pan
- Institute of Cancer Stem Cell, Cancer Center, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Rui Gao
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, 510275, China
| | - Bin He
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Cancer Center, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Zifeng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Cancer Center, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Xinxing Lei
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Cancer Center, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Zijian Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Cancer Center, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Na Yang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510180, China.
| | - Min Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Cancer Center, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510060, China.
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van den Oord EJCG, Aberg KA. Fine-grained cell-type specific association studies with human bulk brain data using a large single-nucleus RNA sequencing based reference panel. Sci Rep 2023; 13:13004. [PMID: 37563216 PMCID: PMC10415334 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-39864-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Brain disorders are leading causes of disability worldwide. Gene expression studies provide promising opportunities to better understand their etiology but it is critical that expression is studied on a cell-type level. Cell-type specific association studies can be performed with bulk expression data using statistical methods that capitalize on cell-type proportions estimated with the help of a reference panel. To create a fine-grained reference panel for the human prefrontal cortex, we performed an integrated analysis of the seven largest single nucleus RNA-seq studies. Our panel included 17 cell-types that were robustly detected across all studies, subregions of the prefrontal cortex, and sex and age groups. To estimate the cell-type proportions, we used an empirical Bayes estimator that substantially outperformed three estimators recommended previously after a comprehensive evaluation of methods to estimate cell-type proportions from brain transcriptome data. This is important as being able to precisely estimate the cell-type proportions may avoid unreliable results in downstream analyses particularly for the multiple cell-types that had low abundances. Transcriptome-wide association studies performed with permuted bulk expression data showed that it is possible to perform transcriptome-wide association studies for even the rarest cell-types without an increased risk of false positives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edwin J C G van den Oord
- Center for Biomarker Research and Precision Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, McGuire Hall, Room 216A, 1112 East Clay Street, P. O. Box 980533, Richmond, VA, 23298-0581, USA.
| | - Karolina A Aberg
- Center for Biomarker Research and Precision Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, McGuire Hall, Room 216A, 1112 East Clay Street, P. O. Box 980533, Richmond, VA, 23298-0581, USA
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Farrel A, Li P, Veenbergen S, Patel K, Maris JM, Leonard WJ. ROGUE: an R Shiny app for RNA sequencing analysis and biomarker discovery. BMC Bioinformatics 2023; 24:303. [PMID: 37516886 PMCID: PMC10386769 DOI: 10.1186/s12859-023-05420-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2020] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 07/31/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The growing power and ever decreasing cost of RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq) technologies have resulted in an explosion of RNA-Seq data production. Comparing gene expression values within RNA-Seq datasets is relatively easy for many interdisciplinary biomedical researchers; however, user-friendly software applications increase the ability of biologists to efficiently explore available datasets. RESULTS Here, we describe ROGUE (RNA-Seq Ontology Graphic User Environment, https://marisshiny. RESEARCH chop.edu/ROGUE/ ), a user-friendly R Shiny application that allows a biologist to perform differentially expressed gene analysis, gene ontology and pathway enrichment analysis, potential biomarker identification, and advanced statistical analyses. We use ROGUE to identify potential biomarkers and show unique enriched pathways between various immune cells. CONCLUSIONS User-friendly tools for the analysis of next generation sequencing data, such as ROGUE, will allow biologists to efficiently explore their datasets, discover expression patterns, and advance their research by allowing them to develop and test hypotheses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alvin Farrel
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
- Immunology Center, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
- Division of Oncology and Center for Childhood Cancer Research, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
- Department of Biomedical and Health Informatics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
| | - Peng Li
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
- Immunology Center, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Sharon Veenbergen
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
- Laboratory of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Laboratory of Medical Immunology, Department of Immunology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Khushbu Patel
- Division of Oncology and Center for Childhood Cancer Research, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Biomedical and Health Informatics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - John M Maris
- Division of Oncology and Center for Childhood Cancer Research, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Warren J Leonard
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
- Immunology Center, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
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Li F, Xing Y, Zhang J, Mu J, Ge J, Zhao M, Liu L, Gong D, Geng T. Goose Hepatic IGFBP2 Is Regulated by Nutritional Status and Participates in Energy Metabolism Mainly through the Cytokine-Cytokine Receptor Pathway. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:2336. [PMID: 37508113 PMCID: PMC10376900 DOI: 10.3390/ani13142336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Revised: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Changes in the nutritional status of animals significantly affect their health and production performance. However, it is unclear whether insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 2 (IGFBP2) mediates these effects. This study aimed to investigate the impact of changes in nutritional and energy statuses on hepatic IGFBP2 expression and the mechanism through which IGFBP2 plays a mediating role. Therefore, the expression of IGFBP2 was first determined in the livers of fasting/refeeding and overfeeding geese. The data showed that overfeeding inhibited IGFBP2 expression in the liver compared with the control (normal feeding) group, whereas the expression of IGFBP2 in the liver was induced by fasting. Interestingly, the data indicated that insulin inhibited the expression of IGFBP2 in goose primary hepatocytes, suggesting that the changes in IGFBP2 expression in the liver in the abovementioned models may be partially attributed to the blood insulin levels. Furthermore, transcriptome sequencing analysis showed that the overexpression of IGFBP2 in geese primary hepatocytes significantly altered the expression of 337 genes (including 111 up-regulated and 226 down-regulated genes), and these differentially expressed genes were mainly enriched in cytokine-cytokine receptor, immune, and lipid metabolism-related pathways. We selected the most significant pathway, the cytokine-cytokine receptor pathway, and found that the relationship between the expression of these genes and IGFBP2 in goose liver was in line with the findings from the IGFBP2 overexpression assay, i.e., the decreased expression of IGFBP2 was accompanied by the increased expression of LOC106041919, CCL20, LOC106042256, LOC106041041, and IL22RA1 in the overfed versus normally fed geese, and the increased expression of IGFBP2 was accompanied by the decreased expression of these genes in fasting versus normally fed geese, and refeeding prevented or attenuated the effects of fasting. The association between the expression of these genes and IGFBP2 was verified by IGFBP2-siRNA treatment of goose primary hepatocytes, in which IGFBP2 expression was induced by low serum concentrations. In conclusion, this study suggests that IGFBP2 mediates the biological effects induced by changes in nutritional or energy levels, mainly through the cytokine-cytokine receptor pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangbo Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Ya Xing
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Jinqi Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Ji'an Mu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Jing Ge
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Minmeng Zhao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Long Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Daoqing Gong
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Tuoyu Geng
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
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Vuruputoor VS, Monyak D, Fetter KC, Webster C, Bhattarai A, Shrestha B, Zaman S, Bennett J, McEvoy SL, Caballero M, Wegrzyn JL. Welcome to the big leaves: Best practices for improving genome annotation in non-model plant genomes. APPLICATIONS IN PLANT SCIENCES 2023; 11:e11533. [PMID: 37601314 PMCID: PMC10439824 DOI: 10.1002/aps3.11533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2022] [Revised: 02/04/2023] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023]
Abstract
Premise Robust standards to evaluate quality and completeness are lacking in eukaryotic structural genome annotation, as genome annotation software is developed using model organisms and typically lacks benchmarking to comprehensively evaluate the quality and accuracy of the final predictions. The annotation of plant genomes is particularly challenging due to their large sizes, abundant transposable elements, and variable ploidies. This study investigates the impact of genome quality, complexity, sequence read input, and method on protein-coding gene predictions. Methods The impact of repeat masking, long-read and short-read inputs, and de novo and genome-guided protein evidence was examined in the context of the popular BRAKER and MAKER workflows for five plant genomes. The annotations were benchmarked for structural traits and sequence similarity. Results Benchmarks that reflect gene structures, reciprocal similarity search alignments, and mono-exonic/multi-exonic gene counts provide a more complete view of annotation accuracy. Transcripts derived from RNA-read alignments alone are not sufficient for genome annotation. Gene prediction workflows that combine evidence-based and ab initio approaches are recommended, and a combination of short and long reads can improve genome annotation. Adding protein evidence from de novo assemblies, genome-guided transcriptome assemblies, or full-length proteins from OrthoDB generates more putative false positives as implemented in the current workflows. Post-processing with functional and structural filters is highly recommended. Discussion While the annotation of non-model plant genomes remains complex, this study provides recommendations for inputs and methodological approaches. We discuss a set of best practices to generate an optimal plant genome annotation and present a more robust set of metrics to evaluate the resulting predictions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vidya S. Vuruputoor
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary BiologyUniversity of ConnecticutStorrsConnecticut06269USA
| | - Daniel Monyak
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary BiologyUniversity of ConnecticutStorrsConnecticut06269USA
| | - Karl C. Fetter
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary BiologyUniversity of ConnecticutStorrsConnecticut06269USA
| | - Cynthia Webster
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary BiologyUniversity of ConnecticutStorrsConnecticut06269USA
| | - Akriti Bhattarai
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary BiologyUniversity of ConnecticutStorrsConnecticut06269USA
| | - Bikash Shrestha
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary BiologyUniversity of ConnecticutStorrsConnecticut06269USA
| | - Sumaira Zaman
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary BiologyUniversity of ConnecticutStorrsConnecticut06269USA
| | - Jeremy Bennett
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary BiologyUniversity of ConnecticutStorrsConnecticut06269USA
| | - Susan L. McEvoy
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary BiologyUniversity of ConnecticutStorrsConnecticut06269USA
| | - Madison Caballero
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary BiologyUniversity of ConnecticutStorrsConnecticut06269USA
| | - Jill L. Wegrzyn
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary BiologyUniversity of ConnecticutStorrsConnecticut06269USA
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Nong ML, Luo XH, Zhu LX, Zhang YN, Dun XY, Huang L. Insights into the Adaptation to High Altitudes from Transcriptome Profiling: A Case Study of an Endangered Species, Kingdonia uniflora. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:1291. [PMID: 37372473 DOI: 10.3390/genes14061291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Revised: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Kingdonia uniflora is an endangered alpine herb that is distributed along an altitudinal gradient. The unique traits and important phylogenetic position make K. uniflora an ideal model for exploring how endangered plants react to altitude variation. In this study, we sampled nine individuals from three representative locations and adopted RNA-seq technology to sequence 18 tissues, aiming to uncover how K. uniflora responded to different altitudes at the gene expression level. We revealed that genes that responded to light stimuli and circadian rhythm genes were significantly enriched in DEGs in the leaf tissue group, while genes that were related to root development and peroxidase activity or involved in the pathways of cutin, suberin, wax biosynthesis, and monoterpenoid biosynthesis were significantly enriched in DEGs in the flower bud tissue group. All of the above genes may play an important role in the response of K. uniflora to various stresses, such as low temperatures and hypoxia in high-altitude environments. Furthermore, we proved that the discrepancy in gene expression patterns between leaf and flower bud tissues varied along the altitudinal gradient. Overall, our findings provide new insights into the adaptation of endangered species to high-altitude environments and further encourage parallel research to focus on the molecular mechanisms of alpine plant evolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Man-Li Nong
- College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, China
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Plant Resource and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, China
| | - Xiao-Hui Luo
- College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, China
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Plant Resource and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, China
| | - Li-Xin Zhu
- College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, China
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Plant Resource and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, China
| | - Ya-Nan Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, China
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Plant Resource and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, China
| | - Xue-Yi Dun
- College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, China
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Plant Resource and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, China
| | - Lei Huang
- College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, China
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Plant Resource and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, China
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Chang OC, Lin WY. Variation of growth and transcriptome responses to arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis in different foxtail millet lines. BOTANICAL STUDIES 2023; 64:16. [PMID: 37326894 DOI: 10.1186/s40529-023-00391-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) have been applied to promote the growth of different crop species, but knowledge about the impacts of symbiosis on foxtail millet at the physiological and molecular levels have remained limited. In this study, we compared the mycorrhization phenotypes of one cultivar and three different landraces and performed a comprehensive transcriptomic analysis to assess the effects of genetic variation on the responses to symbiosis. RESULTS Our results showed that colonization by AMF did not enhance biomass accumulation but significantly increased grain production only in three lines. More than 2,000 genes were affected by AMF colonization in all lines. Most AM symbiosis-conserved genes were induced, but the induction levels varied between lines. Gene Ontology (GO) analysis showed that Biological Function terms related to nitrogen transport and assimilation were only enriched in TT8. Similarly, two of phosphate starvation-induced phosphate transporters were only simultaneously downregulated in TT8. In the other two lines, the enrichment of GO terms associated with cell wall reorganization and lignification was observed, though the effects were different. CONCLUSION This study reveals the impacts of genetic variation of millet lines on the responses to AM symbiosis and provides information regarding AMF application for millet production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ou-Chi Chang
- Department of Agronomy, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 106319, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Yi Lin
- Department of Agronomy, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 106319, Taiwan.
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Pan X, Chang Y, Li C, Qiu X, Cui X, Meng F, Zhang S, Li X, Lu S. Chromosome-level genome assembly of Salvia miltiorrhiza with orange roots uncovers the role of Sm2OGD3 in catalyzing 15,16-dehydrogenation of tanshinones. HORTICULTURE RESEARCH 2023; 10:uhad069. [PMID: 37293533 PMCID: PMC10244880 DOI: 10.1093/hr/uhad069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2022] [Accepted: 04/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Salvia miltiorrhiza is well known for its clinical practice in treating heart and cardiovascular diseases. Its roots, used for traditional Chinese medicine materials, are usually brick-red due to accumulation of red pigments, such as tanshinone IIA and tanshinone I. Here we report a S. miltiorrhiza line (shh) with orange roots. Compared with the red roots of normal S. miltiorrhiza plants, the contents of tanshinones with a single bond at C-15,16 were increased, whereas those with a double bond at C-15,16 were significantly decreased in shh. We assembled a high-quality chromosome-level genome of shh. Phylogenomic analysis showed that the relationship between two S. miltiorrhiza lines with red roots was closer than the relationship with shh. It indicates that shh could not be the mutant of an extant S. miltiorrhiza line with red roots. Comparative genomic and transcriptomic analyses showed that a 1.0 kb DNA fragment was deleted in shh Sm2OGD3m. Complementation assay showed that overexpression of intact Sm2OGD3 in shh hairy roots recovered furan D-ring tanshinone accumulation. Consistently, in vitro protein assay showed that Sm2OGD3 catalyzed the conversion of cyptotanshinone, 15,16-dihydrotanshinone I and 1,2,15,16-tetrahydrotanshinone I into tanshinone IIA, tanshinone I and 1,2-dihydrotanshinone I, respectively. Thus, Sm2OGD3 functions as tanshinone 15,16-dehydrogenase and is a key enzyme in tanshinone biosynthesis. The results provide novel insights into the metabolic network of medicinally important tanshinone compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xian Pan
- Key Lab of Chinese Medicine Resources Conservation, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People' s Republic of China, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China
- Engineering Research Center of Chinese Medicine Resource, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yujie Chang
- Key Lab of Chinese Medicine Resources Conservation, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People' s Republic of China, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China
- Engineering Research Center of Chinese Medicine Resource, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Caili Li
- Key Lab of Chinese Medicine Resources Conservation, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People' s Republic of China, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China
- Engineering Research Center of Chinese Medicine Resource, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Qiu
- Key Lab of Chinese Medicine Resources Conservation, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People' s Republic of China, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China
- Engineering Research Center of Chinese Medicine Resource, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Xinyun Cui
- Key Lab of Chinese Medicine Resources Conservation, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People' s Republic of China, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China
- Engineering Research Center of Chinese Medicine Resource, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Fanqi Meng
- Key Lab of Chinese Medicine Resources Conservation, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People' s Republic of China, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China
- Engineering Research Center of Chinese Medicine Resource, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Sixuan Zhang
- Key Lab of Chinese Medicine Resources Conservation, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People' s Republic of China, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China
- Engineering Research Center of Chinese Medicine Resource, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Xian’en Li
- Key Lab of Chinese Medicine Resources Conservation, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People' s Republic of China, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China
- Engineering Research Center of Chinese Medicine Resource, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100193, China
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Cai C, Yue Y, Yue B. Single-cell RNA sequencing in skeletal muscle developmental biology. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 162:114631. [PMID: 37003036 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.114631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2023] [Revised: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 04/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Skeletal muscle is the most extensive tissue in mammals, and they perform several functions; it is derived from paraxial mesodermal somites and undergoes hyperplasia and hypertrophy to form multinucleated, contractile, and functional muscle fibers. Skeletal muscle is a complex heterogeneous tissue composed of various cell types that establish communication strategies to exchange biological information; therefore, characterizing the cellular heterogeneity and transcriptional signatures of skeletal muscle is central to understanding its ontogeny's details. Studies of skeletal myogenesis have focused primarily on myogenic cells' proliferation, differentiation, migration, and fusion and ignored the intricate network of cells with specific biological functions. The rapid development of single-cell sequencing technology has recently enabled the exploration of skeletal muscle cell types and molecular events during development. This review summarizes the progress in single-cell RNA sequencing and its applications in skeletal myogenesis, which will provide insights into skeletal muscle pathophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cuicui Cai
- Key Laboratory of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Animal Genetic Resource Reservation and Utilization, Sichuan Province and Ministry of Education, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610225, China; Guyuan Branch, Ningxia Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Guyuan 7560000, China
| | - Yuan Yue
- Department of Pathobiology and Immunology, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang 050200, China
| | - Binglin Yue
- Key Laboratory of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Animal Genetic Resource Reservation and Utilization, Sichuan Province and Ministry of Education, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610225, China.
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Fang Y, Luo X, Xu Y, Liu Z, Mintz RL, Yu H, Yu X, Li K, Ju E, Wang H, Tang Z, Tao Y, Li M. Sandwich-Structured Implants to Obstruct Multipath Energy Supply and Trigger Self-Enhanced Hypoxia-Initiated Chemotherapy Against Postsurgical Tumor Recurrence and Metastasis. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2023:e2300899. [PMID: 37156756 PMCID: PMC10401165 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202300899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Revised: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
As a currently common strategy to treat cancer, surgical resection may cause tumor recurrence and metastasis due to residual postoperative tumors. Herein, an implantable sandwich-structured dual-drug depot is developed to trigger a self-intensified starvation therapy and hypoxia-induced chemotherapy sequentially. The two outer layers are 3D-printed using a calcium-crosslinked mixture ink containing soy protein isolate, polyvinyl alcohol, sodium alginate, and combretastatin A4 phosphate (CA4P). The inner layer is one patch of poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid)-based electrospun fibers loaded with tirapazamine (TPZ). The preferentially released CA4P destroys the preexisting blood vessels and prevents neovascularization, which obstructs the external energy supply to cancer cells but aggravates hypoxic condition. The subsequently released TPZ is bioreduced to cytotoxic benzotriazinyl under hypoxia, further damaging DNA, generating reactive oxygen species, disrupting mitochondria, and downregulating hypoxia-inducible factor 1α, vascular endothelial growth factor, and matrix metalloproteinase 9. Together these processes induce apoptosis, block the intracellular energy supply, counteract the disadvantage of CA4P in favoring intratumor angiogenesis, and suppress tumor metastasis. The in vivo and in vitro results and the transcriptome analysis demonstrate that the postsurgical adjuvant treatment with the dual-drug-loaded sandwich-like implants efficiently inhibits tumor recurrence and metastasis, showing great potential for clinical translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youqiang Fang
- Laboratory of Biomaterials and Translational Medicine, Center for Nanomedicine, Department of Urology, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510630, P. R. China
| | - Xing Luo
- Laboratory of Biomaterials and Translational Medicine, Center for Nanomedicine, Department of Urology, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510630, P. R. China
| | - Yanteng Xu
- Laboratory of Biomaterials and Translational Medicine, Center for Nanomedicine, Department of Urology, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510630, P. R. China
| | - Zheng Liu
- Laboratory of Biomaterials and Translational Medicine, Center for Nanomedicine, Department of Urology, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510630, P. R. China
| | - Rachel L Mintz
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Haiyang Yu
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130022, P. R. China
| | - Xuan Yu
- Laboratory of Biomaterials and Translational Medicine, Center for Nanomedicine, Department of Urology, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510630, P. R. China
- Department of Ultrasound, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510630, P. R. China
| | - Kai Li
- Laboratory of Biomaterials and Translational Medicine, Center for Nanomedicine, Department of Urology, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510630, P. R. China
- Department of Ultrasound, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510630, P. R. China
| | - Enguo Ju
- Laboratory of Biomaterials and Translational Medicine, Center for Nanomedicine, Department of Urology, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510630, P. R. China
| | - Haixia Wang
- Laboratory of Biomaterials and Translational Medicine, Center for Nanomedicine, Department of Urology, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510630, P. R. China
| | - Zhaohui Tang
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130022, P. R. China
| | - Yu Tao
- Laboratory of Biomaterials and Translational Medicine, Center for Nanomedicine, Department of Urology, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510630, P. R. China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Liver Disease Research, Guangzhou, 510630, P. R. China
| | - Mingqiang Li
- Laboratory of Biomaterials and Translational Medicine, Center for Nanomedicine, Department of Urology, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510630, P. R. China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Liver Disease Research, Guangzhou, 510630, P. R. China
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Qin Z, Zhang G, Jiang S, Ning F, Zhao Z, Huang M, Jin J. Integration of metabolomics and transcriptomics to reveal ferroptosis is involved in Tripterygium wilfordii polyglycoside tablet-induced testicular injury. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 304:116055. [PMID: 36539070 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2022.116055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Revised: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Tripterygium wilfordii polyglycoside tablet (TWP), a traditional Chinese medicine preparation, has multiple pharmacological properties, including anti-inflammatory, immune-modulatory and anti-proliferative activities. However, the reproductive toxicity of TWP greatly limits its clinical application and the mechanism of TWP-induced reproductive toxicity is not fully understood yet. AIM OF THE STUDY This study was designed to explore the mechanism of TWP-induced testis injury in male rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS The mechanism underlying TWP-induced rat testicular injury was firstly investigated by integration of metabolomics and transcriptomics. Meanwhile, histopathological analysis, Western blot and RT-qPCR were performed to confirm the damaging effects and mechanisms of TWP on rat testis. RESULTS Histopathological analysis revealed that TWP had significant testicular damage, which severely reduced the testis's tubular diameter and epithelium height. Further, TWP caused the protein level of ZO-1, CLDN11, PLZF, and OCT4 significantly downregulate, suggesting the blood-testis barrier function and spermatogenesis were damaged. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs), including 4952 upregulated and 2626 downregulated, were found in TWP-exposed testis compared to the normal group. Moreover, 77 changed metabolites were identified from testis samples. With integrated analysis of DEGs and changed metabolites, we found that glutathione metabolism and ferroptosis played an essential role in testicular injury. Additionally, the levels of ferroptosis-related protein GPX4, SLC7A11, and NRF2 were significantly downregulated, and the protein level of 4-HNE, a leading product of lipid peroxidation and oxidative stress, was upregulated. The changes in ferroptosis-related genes indicated that TWP might promote ferroptosis in rat testis. CONCLUSION These results suggested that ferroptosis was involved in the testicular damage caused by TWP, which might provide a new strategy to alleviate TWP- induced testicular injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyan Qin
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Design and Evaluation, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Gengyi Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Design and Evaluation, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Shiqin Jiang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Design and Evaluation, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Fangqing Ning
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Design and Evaluation, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Zhongxiang Zhao
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Min Huang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Design and Evaluation, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Jing Jin
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Design and Evaluation, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
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Dong J, Zeng Z, Huang Y, Chen C, Cheng Z, Zhu Q. Challenges and opportunities for circRNA identification and delivery. Crit Rev Biochem Mol Biol 2023; 58:19-35. [PMID: 36916323 DOI: 10.1080/10409238.2023.2185764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/16/2023]
Abstract
Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are evolutionarily conserved noncoding RNAs with tissue-specific expression patterns, and exert unique cellular functions that have the potential to become biomarkers in therapeutic applications. Therefore, accurate and sensitive detection of circRNA with facile platforms is essential for better understanding of circRNA biological processes and circRNA-related disease diagnosis and prognosis; and precise regulation of circRNA through efficient delivery of circRNA or siRNA is critical for therapeutic purposes. Here, we reviewed the current development of circRNA identification methodologies, including overviewing the purification steps, summarizing the sequencing methods of circRNA, as well as comparing the advantages and disadvantages of traditional and new detection methods. Then, we discussed the delivery and manipulation strategies for circRNAs in both research and clinic treatment. Finally, the challenges and opportunities of analyzing circRNAs were addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiani Dong
- Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Zhuoer Zeng
- Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Division of Biomedical Engineering, The James Watt School of Engineering, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Ying Huang
- Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Chuanpin Chen
- Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Zeneng Cheng
- Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Qubo Zhu
- Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
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Guo Y, Meng L, Wang M, Zhong Z, Li D, Zhang Y, Li H, Zhang H, Seim I, Li Y, Jiang A, Ji Q, Su X, Chen J, Fan G, Li C, Liu S. Hologenome analysis reveals independent evolution to chemosymbiosis by deep-sea bivalves. BMC Biol 2023; 21:51. [PMID: 36882766 PMCID: PMC9993606 DOI: 10.1186/s12915-023-01551-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bivalves have independently evolved a variety of symbiotic relationships with chemosynthetic bacteria. These relationships range from endo- to extracellular interactions, making them ideal for studies on symbiosis-related evolution. It is still unclear whether there are universal patterns to symbiosis across bivalves. Here, we investigate the hologenome of an extracellular symbiotic thyasirid clam that represents the early stages of symbiosis evolution. RESULTS We present a hologenome of Conchocele bisecta (Bivalvia: Thyasiridae) collected from deep-sea hydrothermal vents with extracellular symbionts, along with related ultrastructural evidence and expression data. Based on ultrastructural and sequencing evidence, only one dominant Thioglobaceae bacteria was densely aggregated in the large bacterial chambers of C. bisecta, and the bacterial genome shows nutritional complementarity and immune interactions with the host. Overall, gene family expansions may contribute to the symbiosis-related phenotypic variations in different bivalves. For instance, convergent expansions of gaseous substrate transport families in the endosymbiotic bivalves are absent in C. bisecta. Compared to endosymbiotic relatives, the thyasirid genome exhibits large-scale expansion in phagocytosis, which may facilitate symbiont digestion and account for extracellular symbiotic phenotypes. We also reveal that distinct immune system evolution, including expansion in lipopolysaccharide scavenging and contraction of IAP (inhibitor of apoptosis protein), may contribute to the different manners of bacterial virulence resistance in C. bisecta. CONCLUSIONS Thus, bivalves employ different pathways to adapt to the long-term co-existence with their bacterial symbionts, further highlighting the contribution of stochastic evolution to the independent gain of a symbiotic lifestyle in the lineage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Guo
- Center of Deep-Sea Research, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Lingfeng Meng
- BGI-Qingdao, BGI-Shenzhen, Qingdao, 266555, China.,College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Minxiao Wang
- Center of Deep-Sea Research, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China.,Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266237, China
| | - Zhaoshan Zhong
- Center of Deep-Sea Research, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Denghui Li
- BGI-Qingdao, BGI-Shenzhen, Qingdao, 266555, China
| | - Yaolei Zhang
- BGI-Qingdao, BGI-Shenzhen, Qingdao, 266555, China.,BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, 518083, China
| | - Hanbo Li
- BGI-Qingdao, BGI-Shenzhen, Qingdao, 266555, China.,BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, 518083, China
| | - Huan Zhang
- Center of Deep-Sea Research, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Inge Seim
- Integrative Biology Laboratory, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210046, China.,School of Biology and Environmental Science, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, 4000, Australia
| | - Yuli Li
- College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Aijun Jiang
- BGI-Qingdao, BGI-Shenzhen, Qingdao, 266555, China
| | - Qianyue Ji
- BGI-Qingdao, BGI-Shenzhen, Qingdao, 266555, China
| | - Xiaoshan Su
- BGI-Qingdao, BGI-Shenzhen, Qingdao, 266555, China
| | - Jianwei Chen
- BGI-Qingdao, BGI-Shenzhen, Qingdao, 266555, China
| | - Guangyi Fan
- BGI-Qingdao, BGI-Shenzhen, Qingdao, 266555, China. .,BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, 518083, China.
| | - Chaolun Li
- Center of Deep-Sea Research, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China. .,College of Marine Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266400, China. .,South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510301, China.
| | - Shanshan Liu
- BGI-Qingdao, BGI-Shenzhen, Qingdao, 266555, China. .,Qingdao Key Laboratory of Marine Genomics, BGI-qingdao, Qingdao, China.
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ESCCdb: A Comprehensive Database and Key Regulator Exploring Platform Based on Cross Dataset Comparisons for Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Comput Struct Biotechnol J 2023; 21:2119-2128. [PMID: 36968016 PMCID: PMC10036886 DOI: 10.1016/j.csbj.2023.03.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Revised: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Esophageal cancer is the seventh most prevalent and the sixth most lethal cancer. Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is one of the major esophageal cancer subtypes that accounts for 87 % of the total cases. However, its molecular mechanism remains unclear. Here, we present an integrated database for ESCC called ESCCdb, which includes a total of 56 datasets and published studies from the GEO, Xena or SRA databases and related publications. It helps users to explore a particular gene with multiple graphical and interactive views with one click. The results comprise expression changes across 20 datasets, copy number alterations in 11 datasets, somatic mutations from 12 papers, related drugs derived from DGIdb, related pathways, and gene correlations. ESCCdb enables directly cross-dataset comparison of a gene's mutations, expressions and copy number changes in multiple datasets. This allows users to easily assess the alterations in ESCC. Furthermore, survival analysis, drug-gene relationships, and results from whole-genome CRISPR/Cas9 screening can help users determine the clinical relevance, derive functional inferences, and identify potential drugs. Notably, ESCCdb also enables the exploration of the correlation structure and identification of potential key regulators for a process. Finally, we identified 789 consistently differential expressed genes; we summarized recurrently mutated genes and genes affected by significant copy number alterations. These genes may be stable biomarkers or important players during ESCC development. ESCCdb fills the gap between massive omics data and users' needs for integrated analysis and can promote basic and clinical ESCC research. The database is freely accessible at http://cailab.labshare.cn/ESCCdb.
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Ye YX, Li DT, Zhang SY, Shen ZC, Zhang CX. Chromosome-level Genome Assembly and Sex-specific Differential Transcriptome of the White-backed Planthopper, Sogatella furcifera. Curr Genomics 2023; 23:400-411. [PMID: 37920557 PMCID: PMC10173415 DOI: 10.2174/1389202924666230102092822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Revised: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The white-backed planthopper (WBPH), Sogatella furcifera, causes great damage to many crops (mainly rice) by direct feeding or transmitting plant viruses. The previous genome assembly was generated by second-generation sequencing technologies, with a contig N50 of only 51.5 kb, and contained a lot of heterozygous sequences. Methods We utilized third-generation sequencing technologies and Hi-C data to generate a high-quality chromosome-level assembly. We also provide a large amount of transcriptome data for full-length transcriptome analysis and gender differential expression analysis. Results The final assembly comprised 56.38 Mb, with a contig N50 of 2.20 Mb and a scaffold N50 of 45.25 Mb. Fourteen autosomes and one X chromosome were identified. More than 99.5% of the assembled bases located on the 15 chromosomes. 95.9% of the complete BUSCO Hemiptera genes were detected in the final assembly and 16,880 genes were annotated. 722 genes were relatively highly expressed in males, while 60 in the females. Conclusion The integrated genome, definite sex chromosomes, comprehensive transcriptome profiles, high efficiency of RNA interference and short life cycle substantially made WBPH an efficient research object for functional genomics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Xuan Ye
- Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- The rural development academy, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Dan-Ting Li
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Biometrology and Inspection and Quarantine, College of Life Science, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou, 310018, China
| | - Si-Yu Zhang
- Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Zhi-Cheng Shen
- Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Chuan-Xi Zhang
- Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China
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Budi YP, Hsu MC, Lin YC, Lee YJ, Chiu HY, Chiu CH, Jiang YF. The injections of mitochondrial fusion promoter M1 during proestrus disrupt the progesterone secretion and the estrous cycle in the mouse. Sci Rep 2023; 13:2392. [PMID: 36765080 PMCID: PMC9918500 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-29608-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023] Open
Abstract
After ovulation, the mitochondrial enzyme CYP11A1 cleavage the cholesterol into pregnenolone for progesterone synthesis, suggesting that mitochondrial dynamics play a vital role in the female reproductive system. The changes in the mitochondria dynamics throughout the ovarian cycle have been reported in literature, but the correlation to its role in the ovarian cycle remains unclear. In this study, mitochondrial fusion promotor, M1, was used to study the impact of mitochondria dynamics in the female reproductive system. Our results showed that M1 treatment in mice can lead to the disruptions of estrous cycles in vagina smears. The decrease in serum LH was recorded in the animal. And the inhibitions of progesterone secretion and ovulations were observed in ovarian culture. Although no significant changes in mitochondrial networks were observed in the ovaries, significant up-regulation of mitochondrial respiratory complexes was revealed in M1 treatments through transcriptomic analysis. In contrast to the estrogen and steroid biosynthesis up-regulated in M1, the molecules of extracellular matrix, remodeling enzymes, and adhesion signalings were decreased. Collectively, our study provides novel targets to regulate the ovarian cycles through the mitochondria. However, more studies are still necessary to provide the functional connections between mitochondria and the female reproductive systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yovita Permata Budi
- Graduate Institute of Molecular and Comparative Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, National Taiwan University, Rm. 104-1, No.1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Road, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan.,School of Veterinary Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
| | - Meng-Chieh Hsu
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Chun Lin
- Department of Animal Science, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, 40227, Taiwan
| | - Yue-Jia Lee
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Yi Chiu
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan.,Department of Medical Education, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan.,Department of Education and Humanities in Medicine, School of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan.,Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Hsien Chiu
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Fan Jiang
- Graduate Institute of Molecular and Comparative Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, National Taiwan University, Rm. 104-1, No.1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Road, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan. .,School of Veterinary Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan.
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Knockout of transient receptor potential ankyrin 1 (TRPA1) modulates the glial phenotype and alleviates perihematomal neuroinflammation after intracerebral hemorrhage in mice via MAPK/NF-κB signaling. Neuroreport 2023; 34:81-92. [PMID: 36608163 PMCID: PMC9815814 DOI: 10.1097/wnr.0000000000001862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
The objective is to explore the role of astrocytic transient receptor potential ankyrin 1 (TRPA1) in glial phenotype transformation in neuroinflammation after intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). Wild-type astrocytes and TRPA1-/- astrocytes were subjected to 6-h hemin treatment, and the calcium ions and transcriptome sequencing were assessed. A mouse autologous blood injection ICH model was established to evaluate the proliferation and phenotypes of astrocytes and microglia around the hematoma. The neuroinflammation and behavioral performance of wild-type ICH mice and TRPA1-/- ICH mice were assessed. Knockout of astrocytic TRPA1 decreased calcium ions of astrocytes after hemin treatment in-vitro, and microglial and astrocytes around the hematoma proliferated after the ICH model. Furthermore, RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq), immunofluorescence, and Western blotting results showed that the activated astrocytes transformed into the A2 phenotype in TRPA1-/- ICH mice. The 'ameboid' microglia were observed around the hematoma in TRPA1-/- ICH mice. The proliferation of A2 astrocytes and 'ameboid' microglia ameliorated the neuroinflammation after ICH. The inflammatory response was reduced by inhibiting the mitogen-activated protein kinase/nuclear factor kappa-B signaling pathway, and neurologic deficits were improved in TRPA1-/- ICH mice compared with wild-type ICH mice. This research suggests that astrocytic TRPA1 is a new therapeutic target to rescue neuroinflammation by modulating the glial phenotype after ICH.
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Dorney R, Dhungel BP, Rasko JEJ, Hebbard L, Schmitz U. Recent advances in cancer fusion transcript detection. Brief Bioinform 2022; 24:6918739. [PMID: 36527429 PMCID: PMC9851307 DOI: 10.1093/bib/bbac519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Revised: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Extensive investigation of gene fusions in cancer has led to the discovery of novel biomarkers and therapeutic targets. To date, most studies have neglected chromosomal rearrangement-independent fusion transcripts and complex fusion structures such as double or triple-hop fusions, and fusion-circRNAs. In this review, we untangle fusion-related terminology and propose a classification system involving both gene and transcript fusions. We highlight the importance of RNA-level fusions and how long-read sequencing approaches can improve detection and characterization. Moreover, we discuss novel bioinformatic tools to identify fusions in long-read sequencing data and strategies to experimentally validate and functionally characterize fusion transcripts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryley Dorney
- epartment of Molecular & Cell Biology, College of Public Health, Medical & Vet Sciences, James Cook University, Douglas, QLD 4811, Australia,Centre for Tropical Bioinformatics and Molecular Biology, Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Cairns 4878, Australia
| | - Bijay P Dhungel
- Gene and Stem Cell Therapy Program Centenary Institute, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2050, Australia,Faculty of Medicine & Health, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2006, Australia,Centre for Tropical Bioinformatics and Molecular Biology, Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Cairns 4878, Australia
| | - John E J Rasko
- Gene and Stem Cell Therapy Program Centenary Institute, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2050, Australia,Faculty of Medicine & Health, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Lionel Hebbard
- epartment of Molecular & Cell Biology, College of Public Health, Medical & Vet Sciences, James Cook University, Douglas, QLD 4811, Australia,Storr Liver Centre, Westmead Institute for Medical Research, Westmead Hospital and University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Ulf Schmitz
- Corresponding author. Ulf Schmitz, Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, College of Public Health, Medical and Vet Sciences, James Cook University, Douglas, QLD 4811, Australia. E-mail:
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Tu M, Zeng J, Zhang J, Fan G, Song G. Unleashing the power within short-read RNA-seq for plant research: Beyond differential expression analysis and toward regulomics. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:1038109. [PMID: 36570898 PMCID: PMC9773216 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1038109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
RNA-seq has become a state-of-the-art technique for transcriptomic studies. Advances in both RNA-seq techniques and the corresponding analysis tools and pipelines have unprecedently shaped our understanding in almost every aspects of plant sciences. Notably, the integration of huge amount of RNA-seq with other omic data sets in the model plants and major crop species have facilitated plant regulomics, while the RNA-seq analysis has still been primarily used for differential expression analysis in many less-studied plant species. To unleash the analytical power of RNA-seq in plant species, especially less-studied species and biomass crops, we summarize recent achievements of RNA-seq analysis in the major plant species and representative tools in the four types of application: (1) transcriptome assembly, (2) construction of expression atlas, (3) network analysis, and (4) structural alteration. We emphasize the importance of expression atlas, coexpression networks and predictions of gene regulatory relationships in moving plant transcriptomes toward regulomics, an omic view of genome-wide transcription regulation. We highlight what can be achieved in plant research with RNA-seq by introducing a list of representative RNA-seq analysis tools and resources that are developed for certain minor species or suitable for the analysis without species limitation. In summary, we provide an updated digest on RNA-seq tools, resources and the diverse applications for plant research, and our perspective on the power and challenges of short-read RNA-seq analysis from a regulomic point view. A full utilization of these fruitful RNA-seq resources will promote plant omic research to a higher level, especially in those less studied species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Tu
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jian Zeng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Utilization and Conservation of Food and Medicinal Resources in Northern Region, Shaoguan University, Shaoguan, Guangdong, China
| | - Juntao Zhang
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, China
| | - Guozhi Fan
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, China
| | - Guangsen Song
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, China
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Farkas C, Recabal A, Mella A, Candia-Herrera D, Olivero MG, Haigh JJ, Tarifeño-Saldivia E, Caprile T. annotate_my_genomes: an easy-to-use pipeline to improve genome annotation and uncover neglected genes by hybrid RNA sequencing. Gigascience 2022; 11:6874526. [PMID: 36472574 PMCID: PMC9724561 DOI: 10.1093/gigascience/giac099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Revised: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The advancement of hybrid sequencing technologies is increasingly expanding genome assemblies that are often annotated using hybrid sequencing transcriptomics, leading to improved genome characterization and the identification of novel genes and isoforms in a wide variety of organisms. RESULTS We developed an easy-to-use genome-guided transcriptome annotation pipeline that uses assembled transcripts from hybrid sequencing data as input and distinguishes between coding and long non-coding RNAs by integration of several bioinformatic approaches, including gene reconciliation with previous annotations in GTF format. We demonstrated the efficiency of this approach by correctly assembling and annotating all exons from the chicken SCO-spondin gene (containing more than 105 exons), including the identification of missing genes in the chicken reference annotations by homology assignments. CONCLUSIONS Our method helps to improve the current transcriptome annotation of the chicken brain. Our pipeline, implemented on Anaconda/Nextflow and Docker is an easy-to-use package that can be applied to a broad range of species, tissues, and research areas helping to improve and reconcile current annotations. The code and datasets are publicly available at https://github.com/cfarkas/annotate_my_genomes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Antonia Recabal
- Departamento de Biología Celular, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad de Concepción, Chile
| | - Andy Mella
- Instituto de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad de las Américas, Chile,Centro Integrativo de Biología y Química Aplicada (CIBQA), Universidad Bernardo O'Higgins, Santiago 8370854, Chile
| | - Daniel Candia-Herrera
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad de Concepción, Chile
| | - Maryori González Olivero
- Departamento de Biología Celular, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad de Concepción, Chile
| | - Jody Jonathan Haigh
- CancerCare Manitoba Research Institute, Winnipeg, MB, Canada,Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
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Fu S, Tang X, Xu Y, Song X, Qian X, Hu Y, Zhang M. Analysis of the Potential Relationship between Aging and Pulmonary Fibrosis Based on Transcriptome. LIFE (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:life12121961. [PMID: 36556326 PMCID: PMC9788318 DOI: 10.3390/life12121961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Revised: 11/19/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is an age-related interstitial lung disease with a high incidence in the elderly. Although many reports have shown that senescence can initiate pulmonary fibrosis, the relationship between aging and pulmonary fibrosis has not been explained systematically. In our study, young and old rats were intratracheally instilled with bleomycin (1 mg/kg), and the basic pathological indexes were determined using a commercial kit, hematoxylin, and eosin (H&E) and Masson's Trichrome staining, immunohistochemistry, immunohistofluorescence, and q-PCR. Then, the lung tissues of rats were sequenced by next-generation sequencing for transcriptome analysis. Bioinformatics was performed to analyze the possible differences in the mechanism of pulmonary fibrosis between aged and young rats. Finally, the related cytokines were determined by q-PCR and ELISA. The results indicate that pulmonary fibrosis in old rats is more serious than that in young rats under the same conditions. Additionally, transcriptomic and bioinformatics analysis with experimental validation indicate that the differences in pulmonary fibrosis between old and young rats are mainly related to the differential expression of cytokines, extracellular matrix (ECM), and other important signaling pathways. In conclusion, aging mainly affects pulmonary fibrosis through the ECM-receptor interaction, immune response, and chemokines.
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Affiliation(s)
- San Fu
- School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Xiaoyan Tang
- School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Yiming Xu
- School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Xianrui Song
- School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Xiuhui Qian
- School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Yingying Hu
- School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Mian Zhang
- School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-25-8618-513
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46
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Li M, Liang C. LncDC: a machine learning-based tool for long non-coding RNA detection from RNA-Seq data. Sci Rep 2022; 12:19083. [PMID: 36351980 PMCID: PMC9646749 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-22082-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play an essential role in diverse biological processes and disease development. Accurate classification of lncRNAs and mRNAs is important for the identification of tissue- or disease-specific lncRNAs. Here, we present our tool LncDC (Long non-coding RNA detection) that is able to accurately predict lncRNAs with an XGBoost model using features extracted from RNA sequences, secondary structures, and translated proteins. Benchmarking experiments showed that LncDC consistently outperformed six state-of-the-art tools in distinguishing lncRNAs from mRNAs. Notably, the use of sequence and secondary structure (SASS) k-mer score features and flexible ORF features improved the classification capability of LncDC. We anticipate that LncDC will definitely promote the discovery of more and novel disease-specific lncRNAs. LncDC is implemented in Python and freely available at https://github.com/lim74/LncDC .
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Affiliation(s)
- Minghua Li
- grid.259956.40000 0001 2195 6763Department of Biology, Miami University, Oxford, OH 45056 USA
| | - Chun Liang
- grid.259956.40000 0001 2195 6763Department of Biology, Miami University, Oxford, OH 45056 USA
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Xue Y, Zou C, Zhang C, Yu H, Chen B, Wang H. Dynamic DNA methylation changes reveal tissue-specific gene expression in sugarcane. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:1036764. [PMID: 36311126 PMCID: PMC9606695 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1036764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
DNA methylation is an important mechanism for the dynamic regulation of gene expression and silencing of transposons during plant developmental processes. Here, we analyzed genome-wide methylation patterns in sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum) leaves, roots, rinds, and piths at single-base resolution. DNA methylation patterns were similar among the different sugarcane tissues, whereas DNA methylation levels differed. We also found that DNA methylation in different genic regions or sequence contexts plays different roles in gene expression. Differences in methylation among tissues resulted in many differentially methylated regions (DMRs) between tissues, particularly CHH DMRs. Genes overlapping with DMRs tended to be differentially expressed (DEGs) between tissues, and these DMR-associated DEGs were enriched in biological pathways related to tissue function, such as photosynthesis, sucrose synthesis, stress response, transport, and metabolism. Moreover, we observed many DNA methylation valleys (DMVs), which always overlapped with transcription factors (TFs) and sucrose-related genes, such as WRKY, bZIP, WOX, SPS, and FBPase. Collectively, these findings provide significant insights into the complicated interplay between DNA methylation and gene expression and shed light on the epigenetic regulation of sucrose-related genes in sugarcane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yajie Xue
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
- Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Tillage, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | - Chengwu Zou
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
- Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Tillage, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | - Chao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
- Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Tillage, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | - Hang Yu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
- Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Tillage, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | - Baoshan Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | - Haifeng Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
- Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Tillage, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
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Wu Q, Li B, Li Y, Liu F, Yang L, Ma Y, Zhang Y, Xu D, Li Y. Effects of PAMK on lncRNA, miRNA, and mRNA expression profiles of thymic epithelial cells. Funct Integr Genomics 2022; 22:849-863. [PMID: 35505120 DOI: 10.1007/s10142-022-00863-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Revised: 04/14/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Polysaccharides from Atractylodes macrocephala Koidz (PAMK) can promote the proliferation of thymocytes and improve the body's immunity. However, the effect of PAMK on thymic epithelial cells has not been reported. Studies have shown that miRNAs and lncRNAs are key factors in regulating cell proliferation. In this study, we found that PAMK could promote the proliferation of mouse medullary thymic epithelial cell line 1 (MTEC1) cells through CCK-8 and EdU experiments. To further explore its mechanism, we detected the effect of PAMK on the expression profiles of lncRNAs, miRNAs, and mRNAs in MTEC1 cells. The results showed that PAMK significantly affected the expression of 225 lncRNAs, 29 miRNAs, and 800 mRNAs. Functional analysis showed that these differentially expressed genes were significantly enriched in cell cycle, cell division, NF-kappaB signaling, apoptotic process, and MAPK signaling pathway. Finally, we used Cytoscape to visualize lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA(14 lncRNAs, 17 miRNAs, 171 mRNAs) networks based on ceRNA theory. These results suggest that lncRNAs and miRNAs may be involved in the effect of PAMK on the proliferation of MTEC1 cells, providing a new research direction for exploring the molecular mechanism of PAMK promoting the proliferation of thymic epithelial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingru Wu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Bingxin Li
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Waterfowl Healthy Breeding, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, 510225, China
| | - Ying Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Fenfen Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Lin Yang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Yongjiang Ma
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Yuan Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Danning Xu
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Waterfowl Healthy Breeding, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, 510225, China.
| | - Yugu Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China.
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Comparative Transcriptomic Analysis of mRNAs, miRNAs and lncRNAs in the Longissimus dorsi Muscles between Fat-Type and Lean-Type Pigs. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12091294. [PMID: 36139132 PMCID: PMC9496231 DOI: 10.3390/biom12091294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2022] [Revised: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
In pigs, meat quality and production are two important traits affecting the pig industry and human health. Compared to lean-type pigs, fat-type pigs contain higher intramuscular fat (IMF) contents, better taste and nutritional value. To uncover genetic factors controlling differences related to IMF in pig muscle, we performed RNA-seq analysis on the transcriptomes of the Longissimus dorsi (LD) muscle of Laiwu pigs (LW, fat-type pigs) and commercial Duroc × Landrace × Yorkshire pigs (DLY, lean-type pigs) at 150 d to compare the expression profiles of mRNA, miRNA and lncRNA. A total of 225 mRNAs, 12 miRNAs and 57 lncRNAs were found to be differentially expressed at the criteria of |log2(foldchange)| > 1 and q < 0.05. The mRNA expression of LDHB was significantly higher in the LD muscle of LW compared to DLY pigs with log2(foldchange) being 9.66. Using protein interaction prediction method, we identified more interactions of estrogen-related receptor alpha (ESRRA) associated with upregulated mRNAs, whereas versican (VCAN) and proenkephalin (PENK) were associated with downregulated mRNAs in LW pigs. Integrated analysis on differentially expressed (DE) mRNAs and miRNAs in the LD muscle between LW and DLY pigs revealed two network modules: between five upregulated mRNA genes (GALNT15, FKBP5, PPARGC1A, LOC110258214 and LOC110258215) and six downregulated miRNA genes (ssc-let-7a, ssc-miR190-3p, ssc-miR356-5p, ssc-miR573-5p, ssc-miR204-5p and ssc-miR-10383), and between three downregulated DE mRNA genes (IFRD1, LOC110258600 and LOC102158401) and six upregulated DE miRNA genes (ssc-miR1379-3p, ssc-miR1379-5p, ssc-miR397-5p, ssc-miR1358-5p, ssc-miR299-5p and ssc-miR1156-5p) in LW pigs. Based on the mRNA and ncRNA binding site targeting database, we constructed a regulatory network with miRNA as the center and mRNA and lncRNA as the target genes, including GALNT15/ssc-let-7a/LOC100523888, IFRD1/ssc-miR1379-5p/CD99, etc., forming a ceRNA network in the LD muscles that are differentially expressed between LW and DLY pigs. Collectively, these data may provide resources for further investigation of molecular mechanisms underlying differences in meat traits between lean- and fat-type pigs.
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50
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Wei WC, Liaw CC, Tsai KC, Chiou CT, Tseng YH, Chiou WF, Lin YC, Tsai CI, Lin CS, Lin CS, Liou KT, Yu IS, Shen YC, Su YC. Targeting spike protein-induced TLR/NET axis by COVID-19 therapeutic NRICM102 ameliorates pulmonary embolism and fibrosis. Pharmacol Res 2022; 184:106424. [PMID: 36064077 PMCID: PMC9443660 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2022.106424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Revised: 08/21/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The global COVID-19 pandemic remains a critical public health threat, as existing vaccines and drugs appear insufficient to halt the rapid transmission. During an outbreak from May to August 2021 in Taiwan, patients with severe COVID-19 were administered NRICM102, which was a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) formula developed based on its predecessor NRICM101 approved for treating mild cases. This study aimed to explore the mechanism of NRICM102 in ameliorating severe COVID-19-related embolic and fibrotic pulmonary injury. NRICM102 was found to disrupt spike protein/ACE2 interaction, 3CL protease activity, reduce activation of neutrophils, monocytes and expression of cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8), chemokines (MCP-1, MIP-1, RANTES) and proinflammatory receptor (TLR4). NRICM102 also inhibited the spread of virus and progression to embolic and fibrotic pulmonary injury through reducing prothrombotic (vWF, PAI-1, NET) and fibrotic (c-Kit, SCF) factors, and reducing alveolar type I (AT1) and type II (AT2) cell apoptosis. NRICM102 may exhibit its protective capability via regulation of TLRs, JAK/STAT, PI3K/AKT, and NET signaling pathways. The study demonstrates the ability of NRICM102 to ameliorate severe COVID-19-related embolic and fibrotic pulmonary injury in vitro and in vivo and elucidates the underlying mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Chi Wei
- National Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taipei 112026, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Ching Liaw
- National Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taipei 112026, Taiwan; Department of Biochemical Science and Technology, National Chiayi University, Chiayi 600355, Taiwan
| | - Keng-Chang Tsai
- National Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taipei 112026, Taiwan; Ph.D. Program in Medical Biotechnology, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110301, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Tang Chiou
- National Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taipei 112026, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Hwei Tseng
- National Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taipei 112026, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Fei Chiou
- National Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taipei 112026, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chi Lin
- National Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taipei 112026, Taiwan
| | - Chia-I Tsai
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung 407204, Taiwan
| | - Chen-Shien Lin
- Department of Chinese Medicine, Taipei Hospital, Ministry of Health and Welfare, New Taipei City 424033, Taiwan
| | - Chen-Sung Lin
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Taipei Hospital, Ministry of Health and Welfare, New Taipei City 424033, Taiwan
| | - Kuo-Tong Liou
- National Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taipei 112026, Taiwan
| | - I-Shing Yu
- Laboratory Animal Center, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100233, Taiwan
| | - Yuh-Chiang Shen
- National Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taipei 112026, Taiwan.
| | - Yi-Chang Su
- National Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taipei 112026, Taiwan.
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