1
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Keshri PK, Singh SP. Unraveling the AKT/ERK cascade and its role in Parkinson disease. Arch Toxicol 2024; 98:3169-3190. [PMID: 39136731 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-024-03829-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 07/25/2024] [Indexed: 09/17/2024]
Abstract
Parkinson disease represents a significant and growing burden on global healthcare systems, necessitating a deeper understanding of their underlying molecular mechanisms for the development of effective treatments. The AKT and ERK pathways play crucial roles in the disease, influencing multiple cellular pathways that support neuronal survival. Researchers have made notable progress in uncovering how these pathways are controlled by upstream kinases and how their downstream effects contribute to cell signalling. However, as we delve deeper into their intricacies, we encounter increasing complexity, compounded by the convergence of multiple signalling pathways. Many of their targets overlap with those of other kinases, and they not only affect specific substrates but also influence entire signalling networks. This review explores the intricate interplay of the AKT/ERK pathways with several other signalling cascades, including oxidative stress, endoplasmic reticulum stress, calcium homeostasis, inflammation, and autophagy, in the context of Parkinson disease. We discuss how dysregulation of these pathways contributes to disease progression and neuronal dysfunction, highlighting potential therapeutic targets for intervention. By elucidating the complex network of interactions between the AKT/ERK pathways and other signalling cascades, this review aims to provide insights into the pathogenesis of Parkinson disease and describe the development of novel therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyanka Kumari Keshri
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Surya Pratap Singh
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, Uttar Pradesh, India.
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2
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Fan J, Song W, Wang Y, Li S, Zhang C, Wang X, Yang X. An in-depth review of the dermal toxicity of T-2 toxin: Clinical symptoms, injury mechanisms, and treatment approach. Food Chem Toxicol 2024; 193:114986. [PMID: 39245403 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2024.114986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2024] [Revised: 09/04/2024] [Accepted: 09/05/2024] [Indexed: 09/10/2024]
Abstract
T-2 toxin, a notable mycotoxin derived from the Fusarium genus, possesses significant heat and ultraviolet radiation resilience, making its elimination from food or feed sources a challenging task. T-2 toxin can be rapidly absorbed from inhalation dust particles, ingest food and skin contact. T-2 toxin has skin toxicity, which can cause varying degrees of structural and functional damage to the skin tissue depending on the type of animal, age, and dose of toxin. Skin contact is not a prerequisite for T-2 toxin to exert skin toxicity, T-2 toxin can also cause skin damage when ingested through the digestive tract. The core dermal toxic molecular mechanism of T-2 toxin is oxidative damage and inflammatory reaction. Some physical methods and chemical methods were used to remove T-2 toxin from the surface of the skin, to have a certain mitigating effect on dermal toxicity caused by T-2 toxin. Grasping T-2 toxin's skin toxicity mechanism is vital for creating effective prevention and treatments. This paper summarizes the comprehensive date from in vitro and in vivo studies, highlighting the molecular mechanism of skin damage by T-2 toxin and current treatment strategies, to provide reference for further research on the skin toxicity of T-2 toxin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayan Fan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, Henan, China
| | - Wenxi Song
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, Henan, China
| | - Youshuang Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, Henan, China
| | - Shuo Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, Henan, China
| | - Cong Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, Henan, China; Key Laboratory of Quality and Safety Control of Poultry Products, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, China
| | - Xuebing Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, Henan, China
| | - Xu Yang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, Henan, China; Key Laboratory of Quality and Safety Control of Poultry Products, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, China.
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3
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Cobley JN. Exploring the unmapped cysteine redox proteoform landscape. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2024; 327:C844-C866. [PMID: 39099422 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00152.2024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2024] [Revised: 07/16/2024] [Accepted: 07/16/2024] [Indexed: 08/06/2024]
Abstract
Cysteine redox proteoforms define the diverse molecular states that proteins with cysteine residues can adopt. A protein with one cysteine residue must adopt one of two binary proteoforms: reduced or oxidized. Their numbers scale: a protein with 10 cysteine residues must assume one of 1,024 proteoforms. Although they play pivotal biological roles, the vast cysteine redox proteoform landscape comprising vast numbers of theoretical proteoforms remains largely uncharted. Progress is hampered by a general underappreciation of cysteine redox proteoforms, their intricate complexity, and the formidable challenges that they pose to existing methods. The present review advances cysteine redox proteoform theory, scrutinizes methodological barriers, and elaborates innovative technologies for detecting unique residue-defined cysteine redox proteoforms. For example, chemistry-enabled hybrid approaches combining the strengths of top-down mass spectrometry (TD-MS) and bottom-up mass spectrometry (BU-MS) for systematically cataloguing cysteine redox proteoforms are delineated. These methods provide the technological means to map uncharted redox terrain. To unravel hidden redox regulatory mechanisms, discover new biomarkers, and pinpoint therapeutic targets by mining the theoretical cysteine redox proteoform space, a community-wide initiative termed the "Human Cysteine Redox Proteoform Project" is proposed. Exploring the cysteine redox proteoform landscape could transform current understanding of redox biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- James N Cobley
- School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee, United Kingdom
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4
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Inague A, Nakahata DH, Viviani LG, Alegria TGP, Lima RS, Iijima TS, Netto LES, Angeli JPF, Miyamoto S, de Paiva REF. On the binding of auranofin to Prdx6 and its potential role in cancer cell sensitivity to treatment. Free Radic Biol Med 2024; 224:346-351. [PMID: 39218122 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2024.08.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2024] [Revised: 08/01/2024] [Accepted: 08/29/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
In this study, we demonstrate that ferroptosis is a component of the cell death mechanism induced by auranofin in HT-1080 cells, in contrast to the gold(III) compounds [Au(phen)Cl2]PF6 and [Au(bnpy)Cl2]. Additionally, we identify a potential role of Prdx6 in modulating the sensitivity of A-375 cells to auranofin treatment, whereas the gold(III) compounds evaluated here exhibit Prdx6-independent cytotoxicity. Finally, using mass spectrometry, we show that auranofin binds selectively to the catalytic Cys47 residue of Prdx6 in vitro under acidic conditions. No binding was observed with the C47S mutant or at neutral pH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex Inague
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Douglas H Nakahata
- Donostia International Physics Center, 20018, Donostia, Euskadi, Gipuzkoa, Spain
| | - Lucas G Viviani
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Thiago G P Alegria
- Departamento de Genética e Biologia Evolutiva, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo S Lima
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Thais S Iijima
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Luís Eduardo S Netto
- Departamento de Genética e Biologia Evolutiva, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, Brazil
| | - José Pedro F Angeli
- Rudolf Virchow Zentrum (RVZ), Center for Integrative and Translational Bioimaging, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Sayuri Miyamoto
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Raphael E F de Paiva
- Donostia International Physics Center, 20018, Donostia, Euskadi, Gipuzkoa, Spain.
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5
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Veal EA, Kritsiligkou P. How are hydrogen peroxide messages relayed to affect cell signalling? Curr Opin Chem Biol 2024; 81:102496. [PMID: 38959751 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2024.102496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2024] [Revised: 06/07/2024] [Accepted: 06/09/2024] [Indexed: 07/05/2024]
Abstract
H2O2 signals trigger adaptive responses affecting cell division, differentiation, migration, and survival. These signals are transduced by selective oxidation of cysteines on specific target proteins, with redox-sensitive cysteines now identified in many proteins, including both kinases and phosphatases. Assessing the contribution of these oxidation events to cell signalling presents several challenges including understanding how and when the selective oxidation of specific proteins takes place in vivo. In recent years, a combination of biochemical, structural, genetic, and computational approaches in fungi, plants, and animals have revealed different ways in which thiol peroxidases (peroxiredoxins) are bypassed or utilised in relaying these signals. Together, these mechanisms provide a conceptual framework for selectively oxidising proteins that will further advance understanding of how redox modifications contribute to health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth A Veal
- Newcastle University Biosciences Institute, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE2 4HH, UK.
| | - Paraskevi Kritsiligkou
- Division of Redox Regulation, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), DKFZ-ZMBH Alliance, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany; Department of Biochemistry and Systems Biology, Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L69 7ZB, UK
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6
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Zhang X, Xiong Z, Zhang S, Li K, Bu Y, Zheng N, Zhao S, Wang J. Enrichment of milk antioxidant activity by dietary supplementation of red clover isoflavone in cows and its improvement on mice intestinal health. Food Chem 2024; 446:138764. [PMID: 38408399 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.138764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Revised: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
Red clover (Trifolium pratense) isoflavone was supplemented to dairy cows, and antioxidant capacity of milk was assessed. Treated cows increased the activities of antioxidant enzymes, reduced production of oxidation products, and enhanced the concentrations of vitamin E and vitamin C. Moreover, milk fatty acid profile was positive influenced by 8 g/kg red clover isoflavone, with changes in the lower saturated and higher unsaturated fatty acids. We further demonstrated the efficacy of antioxidant capacity of milk in mice, found that milk from cows feeding red clover isoflavone increased the expressions of antioxidant enzymes, and alleviated lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated tissue damage of duodenum and jejunum, which was related to upregulated metabolism pathways of carbohydrate, lipid, and amino acid, as well as downregulated inflammatory related pathways. Together, dietary supplementation of red clover isoflavone is an effective way to improve milk antioxidant capacity, providing a natural strategy for developing functional foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - Zhanbo Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - Shiqi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - Kexin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - Ying Bu
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - Nan Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - Shengguo Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - Jiaqi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China.
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7
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Zheng H, Liu J, Sun L, Meng Z. The role of N-acetylcysteine in osteogenic microenvironment for bone tissue engineering. Front Cell Dev Biol 2024; 12:1435125. [PMID: 39055649 PMCID: PMC11269162 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2024.1435125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2024] [Accepted: 06/27/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Bone defect is a common clinical symptom which can arise from various causes. Currently, bone tissue engineering has demonstrated positive therapeutic effects for bone defect repair by using seeding cells such as mesenchymal stem cells and precursor cells. N-acetylcysteine (NAC) is a stable, safe and highly bioavailable antioxidant that shows promising prospects in bone tissue engineering due to the ability to attenuate oxidative stress and enhance the osteogenic potential and immune regulatory function of cells. This review systematically introduces the antioxidant mechanism of NAC, analyzes the advancements in NAC-related research involving mesenchymal stem cells, precursor cells, innate immune cells and animal models, discusses its function using the classic oral microenvironment as an example, and places particular emphasis on the innovative applications of NAC-modified tissue engineering biomaterials. Finally, current limitations and future prospects are proposed, with the aim of providing inspiration for targeted readers in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haowen Zheng
- School of Dentistry, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Jiacheng Liu
- School of Dentistry, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
- Department of Prosthodontics, Tianjin Medical University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Tianjin, China
| | - Lanxin Sun
- School of Dentistry, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhaosong Meng
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Tianjin Medical University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Tianjin, China
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8
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Liu Z, Mou S, Li L, Chen Q, Yang R, Guo S, Jin Y, Liu L, Li T, Chen H, Wang X. The Barrier Disruption and Pyroptosis of Intestinal Epithelial Cells Caused by Perfringolysin O (PFO) from Clostridium perfringens. Cells 2024; 13:1140. [PMID: 38994991 PMCID: PMC11240805 DOI: 10.3390/cells13131140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2024] [Revised: 06/28/2024] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Clostridium perfringens (C. perfringens), a Gram-positive bacterium, produces a variety of toxins and extracellular enzymes that can lead to disease in both humans and animals. Common symptoms include abdominal swelling, diarrhea, and intestinal inflammation. Severe cases can result in complications like intestinal hemorrhage, edema, and even death. The primary toxins contributing to morbidity in C. perfringens-infected intestines are CPA, CPB, CPB2, CPE, and PFO. Amongst these, CPB, CPB2, and CPE are implicated in apoptosis development, while CPA is associated with cell death, increased intracellular ROS levels, and the release of the inflammatory factor IL-18. However, the exact mechanism by which PFO toxins exert their effects in the infected gut is still unidentified. This study demonstrates that a C. perfringens PFO toxin infection disrupts the intestinal epithelial barrier function through in vitro and in vivo models. This study emphasizes the notable influence of PFO toxins on intestinal barrier integrity in the context of C. perfringens infections. It reveals that PFO toxins increase ROS production by causing mitochondrial damage, triggering pyroptosis in IPEC-J2 cells, and consequently resulting in compromised intestinal barrier function. These results offer a scientific foundation for developing preventive and therapeutic approaches against C. perfringens infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhankui Liu
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
- Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan 430070, China
- Engineering Research Center of Animal Biopharmaceuticals, The Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China (MOE), Wuhan 430070, China
- Frontiers Science Center for Animal Breeding and Sustainable Production, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Shuang Mou
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
- Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan 430070, China
- Engineering Research Center of Animal Biopharmaceuticals, The Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China (MOE), Wuhan 430070, China
- Frontiers Science Center for Animal Breeding and Sustainable Production, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Liang Li
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
- Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan 430070, China
- Engineering Research Center of Animal Biopharmaceuticals, The Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China (MOE), Wuhan 430070, China
- Frontiers Science Center for Animal Breeding and Sustainable Production, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Qichao Chen
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
- Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan 430070, China
- Engineering Research Center of Animal Biopharmaceuticals, The Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China (MOE), Wuhan 430070, China
- Frontiers Science Center for Animal Breeding and Sustainable Production, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Ruicheng Yang
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
- Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan 430070, China
- Engineering Research Center of Animal Biopharmaceuticals, The Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China (MOE), Wuhan 430070, China
- Frontiers Science Center for Animal Breeding and Sustainable Production, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Shibang Guo
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
- Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan 430070, China
- Engineering Research Center of Animal Biopharmaceuticals, The Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China (MOE), Wuhan 430070, China
- Frontiers Science Center for Animal Breeding and Sustainable Production, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Yancheng Jin
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
- Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan 430070, China
- Engineering Research Center of Animal Biopharmaceuticals, The Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China (MOE), Wuhan 430070, China
- Frontiers Science Center for Animal Breeding and Sustainable Production, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Lixinjie Liu
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
- Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan 430070, China
- Engineering Research Center of Animal Biopharmaceuticals, The Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China (MOE), Wuhan 430070, China
- Frontiers Science Center for Animal Breeding and Sustainable Production, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Tianzhi Li
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
- Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan 430070, China
- Engineering Research Center of Animal Biopharmaceuticals, The Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China (MOE), Wuhan 430070, China
- Frontiers Science Center for Animal Breeding and Sustainable Production, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Huanchun Chen
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
- Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan 430070, China
- Engineering Research Center of Animal Biopharmaceuticals, The Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China (MOE), Wuhan 430070, China
- Frontiers Science Center for Animal Breeding and Sustainable Production, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Xiangru Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
- Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan 430070, China
- Engineering Research Center of Animal Biopharmaceuticals, The Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China (MOE), Wuhan 430070, China
- Frontiers Science Center for Animal Breeding and Sustainable Production, Wuhan 430070, China
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9
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Hou Y, Wang H, Wu J, Guo H, Chen X. Dissecting the pleiotropic roles of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in lung cancer: From carcinogenesis toward therapy. Med Res Rev 2024; 44:1566-1595. [PMID: 38284170 DOI: 10.1002/med.22018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Revised: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
Lung cancer is a major cause of morbidity and mortality. The specific pulmonary structure to directly connect with ambient air makes it more susceptible to damage from airborne toxins. External oxidative stimuli and endogenous reactive oxygen species (ROS) play a crucial role in promoting lung carcinogenesis and development. The biological properties of higher ROS levels in tumor cells than in normal cells make them more sensitive and vulnerable to ROS injury. Therefore, the strategy of targeting ROS has been proposed for cancer therapy for decades. However, it is embarrassing that countless attempts at ROS-based therapies have had very limited success, and no FDA approval in the anticancer list was mechanistically based on ROS manipulation. Even compared with the untargetable proteins, such as transcription factors, ROS are more difficult to be targeted due to their chemical properties. Thus, the pleiotropic roles of ROS provide therapeutic potential for anticancer drug discovery, while a better dissection of the mechanistic action and signaling pathways is a prerequisite for future breakthroughs. This review discusses the critical roles of ROS in cancer carcinogenesis, ROS-inspired signaling pathways, and ROS-based treatment, exemplified by lung cancer. In particular, an eight considerations rule is proposed for ROS-targeting strategies and drug design and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macao, China
| | - Heng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macao, China
| | - Jiarui Wu
- Department of Clinical Chinese Pharmacy, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Hongwei Guo
- Key Laboratory of Longevity and Aging-Related Diseases of Chinese Ministry of Education, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Research and Evaluation of Bioactive Molecules & College of Pharmacy, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Xiuping Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macao, China
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macao, China
- MoE Frontiers Science Center for Precision Oncology, University of Macau, Taipa, Macao, China
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10
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Zheng CM, Hou YC, Liao MT, Tsai KW, Hu WC, Yeh CC, Lu KC. Potential role of molecular hydrogen therapy on oxidative stress and redox signaling in chronic kidney disease. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 176:116802. [PMID: 38795643 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2024] [Revised: 05/20/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 05/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress plays a key role in chronic kidney disease (CKD) development and progression, inducing kidney cell damage, inflammation, and fibrosis. However, effective therapeutic interventions to slow down CKD advancement are currently lacking. The multifaceted pharmacological effects of molecular hydrogen (H2) have made it a promising therapeutic avenue. H2 is capable of capturing harmful •OH and ONOO- while maintaining the crucial reactive oxygen species (ROS) involved in cellular signaling. The NRF2-KEAP1 system, which manages cell redox balance, could be used to treat CKD. H2 activates this pathway, fortifying antioxidant defenses and scavenging ROS to counteract oxidative stress. H2 can improve NRF2 signaling by using the Wnt/β-catenin pathway and indirectly activate NRF2-KEAP1 in mitochondria. Additionally, H2 modulates NF-κB activity by regulating cellular redox status, inhibiting MAPK pathways, and maintaining Trx levels. Treatment with H2 also attenuates HIF signaling by neutralizing ROS while indirectly bolstering HIF-1α function. Furthermore, H2 affects FOXO factors and enhances the activity of antioxidant enzymes. Despite the encouraging results of bench studies, clinical trials are still limited and require further investigation. The focus of this review is on hydrogen's role in treating renal diseases, with a specific focus on oxidative stress and redox signaling regulation, and it discusses its potential clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cai-Mei Zheng
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Shuang Ho Hospital, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City 11031, Taiwan; TMU Research Centre of Urology and Kidney, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City 11031, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Chou Hou
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Cardinal-Tien Hospital, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City 24205, Taiwan
| | - Min-Tser Liao
- Department of Pediatrics, Taoyuan Armed Forces General Hospital, Taoyuan City, Taiwan; Department of Pediatrics, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Kuo-Wang Tsai
- Department of Medical Research, Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, New Taipei City 231, Taiwan
| | - Wan-Chung Hu
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Medical Tzu Chi Foundation, New Taipei City 23142, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Chih Yeh
- Division of colon and Rectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Taoyuan Armed Forces General Hospital, Taoyuan 325, Taiwan; National Defense Medical Center, Tri-Service General Hospital, Taipei 114, Taiwan
| | - Kuo-Cheng Lu
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, New Taipei City 23142, Taiwan; Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University Hospital, School of Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City 24352, Taiwan.
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11
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Wang J, Zhang Y, Tang Q, Zhang Y, Yin Y, Chen L. Application of Antioxidant Compounds in Bone Defect Repair. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:789. [PMID: 39061858 PMCID: PMC11273992 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13070789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2024] [Revised: 06/18/2024] [Accepted: 06/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Bone defects caused by trauma, tumor resection, and infections are significant clinical challenges. Excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) usually accumulate in the defect area, which may impair the function of cells involved in bone formation, posing a serious challenge for bone repair. Due to the potent ROS scavenging ability, as well as potential anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory activities, antioxidants play an indispensable role in the maintenance and protection of bone health and have gained increasing attention in recent years. This narrative review aims to give an overview of the main research directions on the application of antioxidant compounds in bone defect repair over the past decade. In addition, the positive effects of various antioxidants and their biomaterial delivery systems in bone repair are summarized to provide new insights for exploring antioxidant-based strategies for bone defect repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiajia Wang
- Department of Stomatology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
- School of Stomatology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Yubing Zhang
- Department of Stomatology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
- School of Stomatology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Qingming Tang
- Department of Stomatology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
- School of Stomatology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Yinan Zhang
- School of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Ying Yin
- Department of Stomatology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
- School of Stomatology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Lili Chen
- Department of Stomatology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
- School of Stomatology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, Wuhan 430022, China
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12
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Lamontagne F, Paz-Trejo C, Zamorano Cuervo N, Grandvaux N. Redox signaling in cell fate: Beyond damage. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA. MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2024; 1871:119722. [PMID: 38615720 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2024.119722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Revised: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
This review explores the nuanced role of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in cell fate, challenging the traditional view that equates ROS with cellular damage. Through significant technological advancements in detecting localized redox states and identifying oxidized cysteines, a paradigm shift has emerged: from ROS as merely damaging agents to crucial players in redox signaling. We delve into the intricacies of redox mechanisms, which, although confined, exert profound influences on cellular physiological responses. Our analysis extends to both the positive and negative impacts of these mechanisms on cell death processes, including uncontrolled and programmed pathways. By unraveling these complex interactions, we argue against the oversimplified notion of a 'stress response', advocating for a more nuanced understanding of redox signaling. This review underscores the importance of localized redox states in determining cell fate, highlighting the sophistication and subtlety of ROS functions beyond mere damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felix Lamontagne
- CRCHUM - Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, 900 rue Saint Denis, Montréal H2X 0A9, Québec, Canada
| | - Cynthia Paz-Trejo
- CRCHUM - Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, 900 rue Saint Denis, Montréal H2X 0A9, Québec, Canada; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal H3C 3J7, Québec, Canada
| | - Natalia Zamorano Cuervo
- CRCHUM - Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, 900 rue Saint Denis, Montréal H2X 0A9, Québec, Canada
| | - Nathalie Grandvaux
- CRCHUM - Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, 900 rue Saint Denis, Montréal H2X 0A9, Québec, Canada; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal H3C 3J7, Québec, Canada.
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13
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Anjo SI, He Z, Hussain Z, Farooq A, McIntyre A, Laughton CA, Carvalho AN, Finelli MJ. Protein Oxidative Modifications in Neurodegenerative Diseases: From Advances in Detection and Modelling to Their Use as Disease Biomarkers. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:681. [PMID: 38929122 PMCID: PMC11200609 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13060681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2024] [Revised: 05/26/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Oxidation-reduction post-translational modifications (redox-PTMs) are chemical alterations to amino acids of proteins. Redox-PTMs participate in the regulation of protein conformation, localization and function, acting as signalling effectors that impact many essential biochemical processes in the cells. Crucially, the dysregulation of redox-PTMs of proteins has been implicated in the pathophysiology of numerous human diseases, including neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease. This review aims to highlight the current gaps in knowledge in the field of redox-PTMs biology and to explore new methodological advances in proteomics and computational modelling that will pave the way for a better understanding of the role and therapeutic potential of redox-PTMs of proteins in neurodegenerative diseases. Here, we summarize the main types of redox-PTMs of proteins while providing examples of their occurrence in neurodegenerative diseases and an overview of the state-of-the-art methods used for their detection. We explore the potential of novel computational modelling approaches as essential tools to obtain insights into the precise role of redox-PTMs in regulating protein structure and function. We also discuss the complex crosstalk between various PTMs that occur in living cells. Finally, we argue that redox-PTMs of proteins could be used in the future as diagnosis and prognosis biomarkers for neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra I. Anjo
- CNC-Center for Neurosciences and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, 3004-517 Coimbra, Portugal
- Centre for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), University of Coimbra, 3004-517 Coimbra, Portugal
- Institute for Interdisciplinary Research (IIIUC), University of Coimbra, 3030-789 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Zhicheng He
- Biodiscovery Institute, School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Zohaib Hussain
- Biodiscovery Institute, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Aruba Farooq
- Biodiscovery Institute, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Alan McIntyre
- Biodiscovery Institute, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Charles A. Laughton
- Biodiscovery Institute, School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Andreia Neves Carvalho
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-003 Lisbon, Portugal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Medicines, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-003 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Mattéa J. Finelli
- Biodiscovery Institute, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK
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14
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Gallero S, Persson KW, Henríquez-Olguín C. Unresolved questions in the regulation of skeletal muscle insulin action by reactive oxygen species. FEBS Lett 2024. [PMID: 38803005 DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.14937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2024] [Revised: 04/10/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are well-established signaling molecules implicated in a wide range of cellular processes, including both oxidative stress and intracellular redox signaling. In the context of insulin action within its target tissues, ROS have been reported to exert both positive and negative regulatory effects. However, the precise molecular mechanisms underlying this duality remain unclear. This Review examines the complex role of ROS in insulin action, with a particular focus on skeletal muscle. We aim to address three critical aspects: (a) the proposed intracellular pro-oxidative redox shift elicited by insulin, (b) the evidence supporting that redox-sensitive cysteine modifications impact insulin signaling and action, and (c) cellular mechanisms underlying how ROS can paradoxically act as both enhancers and inhibitors of insulin action. This Review underscores the urgent need for more systematic research to identify specific reactive species, redox targets, and the physiological significance of redox signaling in maintaining insulin action and metabolic health, with a particular emphasis on human skeletal muscle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha Gallero
- The August Krogh Section for Molecular Physiology, Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Kaspar W Persson
- The August Krogh Section for Molecular Physiology, Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Carlos Henríquez-Olguín
- The August Krogh Section for Molecular Physiology, Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
- Exercise Science Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Finis Terrae, Santiago, Chile
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15
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Jonak K, Suppanz I, Bender J, Chacinska A, Warscheid B, Topf U. Ageing-dependent thiol oxidation reveals early oxidation of proteins with core proteostasis functions. Life Sci Alliance 2024; 7:e202302300. [PMID: 38383455 PMCID: PMC10881836 DOI: 10.26508/lsa.202302300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Oxidative post-translational modifications of protein thiols are well recognized as a readily occurring alteration of proteins, which can modify their function and thus control cellular processes. The development of techniques enabling the site-specific assessment of protein thiol oxidation on a proteome-wide scale significantly expanded the number of known oxidation-sensitive protein thiols. However, lacking behind are large-scale data on the redox state of proteins during ageing, a physiological process accompanied by increased levels of endogenous oxidants. Here, we present the landscape of protein thiol oxidation in chronologically aged wild-type Saccharomyces cerevisiae in a time-dependent manner. Our data determine early-oxidation targets in key biological processes governing the de novo production of proteins, protein folding, and degradation, and indicate a hierarchy of cellular responses affected by a reversible redox modification. Comparison with existing datasets in yeast, nematode, fruit fly, and mouse reveals the evolutionary conservation of these oxidation targets. To facilitate accessibility, we integrated the cross-species comparison into the newly developed OxiAge Database.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Jonak
- https://ror.org/034tvp782 Laboratory of Molecular Basis of Aging and Rejuvenation, Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Ida Suppanz
- CIBSS Centre for Integrative Biological Signalling Research, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Julian Bender
- https://ror.org/00fbnyb24 Biochemistry II, Theodor Boveri-Institute, Biocenter, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | | | - Bettina Warscheid
- CIBSS Centre for Integrative Biological Signalling Research, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- https://ror.org/00fbnyb24 Biochemistry II, Theodor Boveri-Institute, Biocenter, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Ulrike Topf
- https://ror.org/034tvp782 Laboratory of Molecular Basis of Aging and Rejuvenation, Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
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16
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Ma C, Wang F, Zhu J, Wang S, Liu Y, Xu J, Zhao Q, Qin Y, Si W, Zhang J. 18Beta-Glycyrrhetinic Acid Attenuates H 2O 2-Induced Oxidative Damage and Apoptosis in Intestinal Epithelial Cells via Activating the PI3K/Akt Signaling Pathway. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:468. [PMID: 38671916 PMCID: PMC11047483 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13040468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/06/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress causes gut dysfunction and is a contributing factor in several intestinal disorders. Intestinal epithelial cell survival is essential for maintaining human and animal health under oxidative stress. 18beta-Glycyrrhetinic acid (GA) is known to have multiple beneficial effects, including antioxidant activity; however, the underlying molecular mechanisms have not been well established. Thus, the present study evaluated the therapeutic effects of GA on H2O2-induced oxidative stress in intestinal porcine epithelial cells. The results showed that pretreatment with GA (100 nM for 16 h) significantly increased the levels of several antioxidant enzymes and reduced corresponding intracellular levels of reactive oxidative species and malondialdehyde. GA inhibited cell apoptosis via activating the phosphoinositide 3-kinase/protein kinase B (PI3K/Akt) signaling pathway, as confirmed by RNA sequencing. Further analyses demonstrated that GA upregulated the phosphorylation levels of PI3K and Akt and the protein level of B cell lymphoma 2, whereas it downregulated Cytochrome c and tumor suppressor protein p53 levels. Moreover, molecular docking analysis predicted the binding of GA to Vasoactive intestinal peptide receptor 1, a primary membrane receptor, to activate the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. Collectively, these results revealed that GA protected against H2O2-induced oxidative damage and cell apoptosis via activating the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway, suggesting the potential therapeutic use of GA to alleviate oxidative stress in humans/animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cui Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, Institute of Animal Sciences of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China; (C.M.); (Q.Z.)
| | - Fuxi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, Institute of Animal Sciences of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China; (C.M.); (Q.Z.)
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong 030801, China
| | - Jiawei Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, Institute of Animal Sciences of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China; (C.M.); (Q.Z.)
| | - Shiyi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, Institute of Animal Sciences of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China; (C.M.); (Q.Z.)
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
| | - Yaqing Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, Institute of Animal Sciences of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China; (C.M.); (Q.Z.)
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
| | - Jianfang Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, Institute of Animal Sciences of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China; (C.M.); (Q.Z.)
| | - Qingyu Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, Institute of Animal Sciences of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China; (C.M.); (Q.Z.)
| | - Yuchang Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, Institute of Animal Sciences of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China; (C.M.); (Q.Z.)
| | - Wei Si
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, Institute of Animal Sciences of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China; (C.M.); (Q.Z.)
| | - Junmin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, Institute of Animal Sciences of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China; (C.M.); (Q.Z.)
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17
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Bendzunas GN, Byrne DP, Shrestha S, Daly LA, Oswald SO, Katiyar S, Venkat A, Yeung W, Eyers CE, Eyers PA, Kannan N. Redox Regulation of Brain Selective Kinases BRSK1/2: Implications for Dynamic Control of the Eukaryotic AMPK family through Cys-based mechanisms. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2023.10.05.561145. [PMID: 38586025 PMCID: PMC10996518 DOI: 10.1101/2023.10.05.561145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
In eukaryotes, protein kinase signaling is regulated by a diverse array of post-translational modifications (PTMs), including phosphorylation of Ser/Thr residues and oxidation of cysteine (Cys) residues. While regulation by activation segment phosphorylation of Ser/Thr residues is well understood, relatively little is known about how oxidation of cysteine residues modulate catalysis. In this study, we investigate redox regulation of the AMPK-related Brain-selective kinases (BRSK) 1 and 2, and detail how broad catalytic activity is directly regulated through reversible oxidation and reduction of evolutionarily conserved Cys residues within the catalytic domain. We show that redox-dependent control of BRSKs is a dynamic and multilayered process involving oxidative modifications of several Cys residues, including the formation of intramolecular disulfide bonds involving a pair of Cys residues near the catalytic HRD motif and a highly conserved T-Loop Cys with a BRSK-specific Cys within an unusual CPE motif at the end of the activation segment. Consistently, mutation of the CPE-Cys increases catalytic activity in vitro and drives phosphorylation of the BRSK substrate Tau in cells. Molecular modeling and molecular dynamics simulations indicate that oxidation of the CPE-Cys destabilizes a conserved salt bridge network critical for allosteric activation. The occurrence of spatially proximal Cys amino acids in diverse Ser/Thr protein kinase families suggests that disulfide mediated control of catalytic activity may be a prevalent mechanism for regulation within the broader AMPK family.
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Affiliation(s)
- George N. Bendzunas
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Dominic P Byrne
- Department of Biochemistry, Cell and Systems Biology, Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7ZB, UK
| | - Safal Shrestha
- Institute of Bioinformatics, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Leonard A Daly
- Department of Biochemistry, Cell and Systems Biology, Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7ZB, UK
- Centre for Proteome Research, Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7ZB, UK
| | - Sally O. Oswald
- Department of Biochemistry, Cell and Systems Biology, Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7ZB, UK
- Centre for Proteome Research, Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7ZB, UK
| | - Samiksha Katiyar
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Aarya Venkat
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Wayland Yeung
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
- Institute of Bioinformatics, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Claire E Eyers
- Department of Biochemistry, Cell and Systems Biology, Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7ZB, UK
- Centre for Proteome Research, Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7ZB, UK
| | - Patrick A Eyers
- Institute of Bioinformatics, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Natarajan Kannan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
- Department of Biochemistry, Cell and Systems Biology, Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7ZB, UK
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18
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Zhu D, Liang H, Du Z, Liu Q, Li G, Zhang W, Wu D, Zhou X, Song Y, Yang C. Altered Metabolism and Inflammation Driven by Post-translational Modifications in Intervertebral Disc Degeneration. RESEARCH (WASHINGTON, D.C.) 2024; 7:0350. [PMID: 38585329 PMCID: PMC10997488 DOI: 10.34133/research.0350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
Intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD) is a prevalent cause of low back pain and a leading contributor to disability. IVDD progression involves pathological shifts marked by low-grade inflammation, extracellular matrix remodeling, and metabolic disruptions characterized by heightened glycolytic pathways, mitochondrial dysfunction, and cellular senescence. Extensive posttranslational modifications of proteins within nucleus pulposus cells and chondrocytes play crucial roles in reshaping the intervertebral disc phenotype and orchestrating metabolism and inflammation in diverse contexts. This review focuses on the pivotal roles of phosphorylation, ubiquitination, acetylation, glycosylation, methylation, and lactylation in IVDD pathogenesis. It integrates the latest insights into various posttranslational modification-mediated metabolic and inflammatory signaling networks, laying the groundwork for targeted proteomics and metabolomics for IVDD treatment. The discussion also highlights unexplored territories, emphasizing the need for future research, particularly in understanding the role of lactylation in intervertebral disc health, an area currently shrouded in mystery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dingchao Zhu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College,
Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, Hubei Province, China
| | - Huaizhen Liang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College,
Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, Hubei Province, China
| | - Zhi Du
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College,
Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, Hubei Province, China
| | - Qian Liu
- College of Life Sciences,
Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, Hubei Province, China
| | - Gaocai Li
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College,
Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, Hubei Province, China
| | - Weifeng Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College,
Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, Hubei Province, China
| | - Di Wu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College,
Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, Hubei Province, China
| | - Xingyu Zhou
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College,
Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, Hubei Province, China
| | - Yu Song
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College,
Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, Hubei Province, China
| | - Cao Yang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College,
Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, Hubei Province, China
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19
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van Gerwen J, Masson SWC, Cutler HB, Vegas AD, Potter M, Stöckli J, Madsen S, Nelson ME, Humphrey SJ, James DE. The genetic and dietary landscape of the muscle insulin signalling network. eLife 2024; 12:RP89212. [PMID: 38329473 PMCID: PMC10942587 DOI: 10.7554/elife.89212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Metabolic disease is caused by a combination of genetic and environmental factors, yet few studies have examined how these factors influence signal transduction, a key mediator of metabolism. Using mass spectrometry-based phosphoproteomics, we quantified 23,126 phosphosites in skeletal muscle of five genetically distinct mouse strains in two dietary environments, with and without acute in vivo insulin stimulation. Almost half of the insulin-regulated phosphoproteome was modified by genetic background on an ordinary diet, and high-fat high-sugar feeding affected insulin signalling in a strain-dependent manner. Our data revealed coregulated subnetworks within the insulin signalling pathway, expanding our understanding of the pathway's organisation. Furthermore, associating diverse signalling responses with insulin-stimulated glucose uptake uncovered regulators of muscle insulin responsiveness, including the regulatory phosphosite S469 on Pfkfb2, a key activator of glycolysis. Finally, we confirmed the role of glycolysis in modulating insulin action in insulin resistance. Our results underscore the significance of genetics in shaping global signalling responses and their adaptability to environmental changes, emphasising the utility of studying biological diversity with phosphoproteomics to discover key regulatory mechanisms of complex traits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julian van Gerwen
- Charles Perkins Centre, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of SydneySydneyAustralia
| | - Stewart WC Masson
- Charles Perkins Centre, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of SydneySydneyAustralia
| | - Harry B Cutler
- Charles Perkins Centre, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of SydneySydneyAustralia
| | - Alexis Diaz Vegas
- Charles Perkins Centre, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of SydneySydneyAustralia
| | - Meg Potter
- Charles Perkins Centre, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of SydneySydneyAustralia
| | - Jacqueline Stöckli
- Charles Perkins Centre, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of SydneySydneyAustralia
| | - Søren Madsen
- Charles Perkins Centre, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of SydneySydneyAustralia
| | - Marin E Nelson
- Charles Perkins Centre, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of SydneySydneyAustralia
| | - Sean J Humphrey
- Charles Perkins Centre, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of SydneySydneyAustralia
| | - David E James
- Charles Perkins Centre, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of SydneySydneyAustralia
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of SydneySydneyAustralia
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20
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Xiao D, Lin M, Liu C, Geddes TA, Burchfield J, Parker B, Humphrey SJ, Yang P. SnapKin: a snapshot deep learning ensemble for kinase-substrate prediction from phosphoproteomics data. NAR Genom Bioinform 2023; 5:lqad099. [PMID: 37954574 PMCID: PMC10632189 DOI: 10.1093/nargab/lqad099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Revised: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023] Open
Abstract
A major challenge in mass spectrometry-based phosphoproteomics lies in identifying the substrates of kinases, as currently only a small fraction of substrates identified can be confidently linked with a known kinase. Machine learning techniques are promising approaches for leveraging large-scale phosphoproteomics data to computationally predict substrates of kinases. However, the small number of experimentally validated kinase substrates (true positive) and the high data noise in many phosphoproteomics datasets together limit their applicability and utility. Here, we aim to develop advanced kinase-substrate prediction methods to address these challenges. Using a collection of seven large phosphoproteomics datasets, and both traditional and deep learning models, we first demonstrate that a 'pseudo-positive' learning strategy for alleviating small sample size is effective at improving model predictive performance. We next show that a data resampling-based ensemble learning strategy is useful for improving model stability while further enhancing prediction. Lastly, we introduce an ensemble deep learning model ('SnapKin') by incorporating the above two learning strategies into a 'snapshot' ensemble learning algorithm. We propose SnapKin, an ensemble deep learning method, for predicting substrates of kinases from large-scale phosphoproteomics data. We demonstrate that SnapKin consistently outperforms existing methods in kinase-substrate prediction. SnapKin is freely available at https://github.com/PYangLab/SnapKin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Xiao
- Computational Systems Biology Group, Children’s Medical Research Institute, The University of Sydney, Westmead, NSW 2145, Australia
| | - Michael Lin
- School of Mathematics and Statistics, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Chunlei Liu
- Computational Systems Biology Group, Children’s Medical Research Institute, The University of Sydney, Westmead, NSW 2145, Australia
| | - Thomas A Geddes
- Computational Systems Biology Group, Children’s Medical Research Institute, The University of Sydney, Westmead, NSW 2145, Australia
- Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
- School of Environmental and Life Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - James G Burchfield
- Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
- School of Environmental and Life Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Benjamin L Parker
- Centre for Muscle Research, Department of Anatomy and Physiology, School of Biomedical Sciences, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Sean J Humphrey
- Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
- School of Environmental and Life Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
- Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, The Royal Children’s Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, 3052, Australia
| | - Pengyi Yang
- Computational Systems Biology Group, Children’s Medical Research Institute, The University of Sydney, Westmead, NSW 2145, Australia
- School of Mathematics and Statistics, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
- Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
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21
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Pous J, Baginski B, Martin-Malpartida P, González L, Scarpa M, Aragon E, Ruiz L, Mees RA, Iglesias-Fernández J, Orozco M, Nebreda AR, Macias MJ. Structural basis of a redox-dependent conformational switch that regulates the stress kinase p38α. Nat Commun 2023; 14:7920. [PMID: 38040726 PMCID: PMC10692146 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-43763-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Many functional aspects of the protein kinase p38α have been illustrated by more than three hundred structures determined in the presence of reducing agents. These structures correspond to free forms and complexes with activators, substrates, and inhibitors. Here we report the conformation of an oxidized state with an intramolecular disulfide bond between Cys119 and Cys162 that is conserved in vertebrates. The structure of the oxidized state does not affect the conformation of the catalytic site, but alters the docking groove by partially unwinding and displacing the short αD helix due to the movement of Cys119 towards Cys162. The transition between oxidized and reduced conformations provides a mechanism for fine-tuning p38α activity as a function of redox conditions, beyond its activation loop phosphorylation. Moreover, the conformational equilibrium between these redox forms reveals an unexplored cleft for p38α inhibitor design that we describe in detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joan Pous
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Baldiri Reixac, 10, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Blazej Baginski
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Baldiri Reixac, 10, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
- Global Health Medicines R&D, GSK, c/ Severo Ochoa, 2, 28760, Tres Cantos, Madrid, Spain
| | - Pau Martin-Malpartida
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Baldiri Reixac, 10, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Lorena González
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Baldiri Reixac, 10, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
- Grupo Menarini España, c/ d'Alfons XII, 587, 08918, Badalona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Margherita Scarpa
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Baldiri Reixac, 10, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Eric Aragon
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Baldiri Reixac, 10, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Lidia Ruiz
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Baldiri Reixac, 10, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Rebeca A Mees
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Baldiri Reixac, 10, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Modesto Orozco
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Baldiri Reixac, 10, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
- Departament de Bioquímica i Biomedicina, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Angel R Nebreda
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Baldiri Reixac, 10, 08028, Barcelona, Spain.
- Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), Passeig Lluís Companys 23, 08010, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Maria J Macias
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Baldiri Reixac, 10, 08028, Barcelona, Spain.
- Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), Passeig Lluís Companys 23, 08010, Barcelona, Spain.
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22
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Chen Y, Jiao D, He H, Sun H, Liu Y, Shi Q, Zhang P, Li Y, Mo R, Gao K, Wang C. Disruption of the Keap1-mTORC2 axis by cancer-derived Keap1/mLST8 mutations leads to oncogenic mTORC2-AKT activation. Redox Biol 2023; 67:102872. [PMID: 37688978 PMCID: PMC10498434 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2023.102872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Revised: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The mechanistic target of the rapamycin (mTOR) pathway, which participates in the regulation of cellular growth and metabolism, is aberrantly regulated in various cancer types. The mTOR complex 2 (mTORC2), which consists of the core components mTOR, Rictor, mSin1, and mLST8, primarily responds to growth signals. However, the coordination between mTORC2 assembly and activity remains poorly understood. Keap1, a major sensor of oxidative stress in cells, functions as a substrate adaptor for Cullin 3-RING E3 ubiquitin ligase (CRL3) to promote proteasomal degradation of NF-E2-related factor 2 (NRF2), which is a transcription factor that protects cells against oxidative and electrophilic stress. In the present study, we demonstrate that Keap1 binds to mLST8 via a conserved ETGE motif. The CRL3Keap1 ubiquitin ligase complex promotes non-degradative ubiquitination of mLST8, thus reducing mTORC2 complex integrity and mTORC2-AKT activation. However, this effect can be prevented by oxidative/electrophilic stresses and growth factor signaling-induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) burst. Cancer-derived Keap1 or mLST8 mutations disrupt the Keap1-mLST8 interaction and allow mLST8 to evade Keap1-mediated ubiquitination, thereby enhancing mTORC2-AKT activation and promoting cell malignancy and remodeling cell metabolism. Our findings provide new insights into the molecular mechanisms of Keap1/mLST8 mutation-driven tumorigenesis by promoting mTORC2-AKT activation, which is independent of the canonical NRF2 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingji Chen
- Shanghai Stomatological Hospital & School of Stomatology, State Key Lab of Genetic Engineering, MOE Engineering Research Center of Gene Technology, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Industrial Microorganisms, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, PR China
| | - Dongyue Jiao
- Shanghai Stomatological Hospital & School of Stomatology, State Key Lab of Genetic Engineering, MOE Engineering Research Center of Gene Technology, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Industrial Microorganisms, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, PR China
| | - Huiying He
- Shanghai Stomatological Hospital & School of Stomatology, State Key Lab of Genetic Engineering, MOE Engineering Research Center of Gene Technology, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Industrial Microorganisms, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, PR China
| | - Huiru Sun
- Shanghai Stomatological Hospital & School of Stomatology, State Key Lab of Genetic Engineering, MOE Engineering Research Center of Gene Technology, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Industrial Microorganisms, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, PR China
| | - Yajuan Liu
- Shanghai Stomatological Hospital & School of Stomatology, State Key Lab of Genetic Engineering, MOE Engineering Research Center of Gene Technology, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Industrial Microorganisms, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, PR China
| | - Qing Shi
- Shanghai Stomatological Hospital & School of Stomatology, State Key Lab of Genetic Engineering, MOE Engineering Research Center of Gene Technology, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Industrial Microorganisms, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, PR China
| | - Pingzhao Zhang
- Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center and Department of Pathology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, PR China
| | - Yao Li
- Shanghai Stomatological Hospital & School of Stomatology, State Key Lab of Genetic Engineering, MOE Engineering Research Center of Gene Technology, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Industrial Microorganisms, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, PR China
| | - Ren Mo
- Department of Urology, Inner Mongolia Urological Institute, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region People's Hospital, Hohhot, 010017, Inner Mongolia, PR China.
| | - Kun Gao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, PR China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Maternal and Fetal Medicine, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Shanghai, 200092, PR China.
| | - Chenji Wang
- Shanghai Stomatological Hospital & School of Stomatology, State Key Lab of Genetic Engineering, MOE Engineering Research Center of Gene Technology, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Industrial Microorganisms, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, PR China.
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23
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Fu L, Jung Y, Tian C, Ferreira RB, Cheng R, He F, Yang J, Carroll KS. Nucleophilic covalent ligand discovery for the cysteine redoxome. Nat Chem Biol 2023; 19:1309-1319. [PMID: 37248412 DOI: 10.1038/s41589-023-01330-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 04/07/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
With an eye toward expanding chemistries used for covalent ligand discovery, we elaborated an umpolung strategy that exploits the 'polarity reversal' of sulfur when cysteine is oxidized to sulfenic acid, a widespread post-translational modification, for selective bioconjugation with C-nucleophiles. Here we present a global map of a human sulfenome that is susceptible to covalent modification by members of a nucleophilic fragment library. More than 500 liganded sulfenic acids were identified on proteins across diverse functional classes, and, of these, more than 80% were not targeted by electrophilic fragment analogs. We further show that members of our nucleophilic fragment library can impair functional protein-protein interactions involved in nuclear oncoprotein transport and DNA damage repair. Our findings reveal a vast expanse of ligandable sulfenic acids in the human proteome and highlight the utility of nucleophilic small molecules in the fragment-based covalent ligand discovery pipeline, presaging further opportunities using non-traditional chemistries for targeting proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, National Center for Protein Sciences-Beijing, Beijing Institute of Lifeomics, Beijing, China
| | - Youngeun Jung
- Department of Chemistry, UF Scripps Biomedical Research, Jupiter, FL, USA
| | - Caiping Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, National Center for Protein Sciences-Beijing, Beijing Institute of Lifeomics, Beijing, China
- School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Renan B Ferreira
- Department of Chemistry, UF Scripps Biomedical Research, Jupiter, FL, USA
| | - Ruifeng Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, National Center for Protein Sciences-Beijing, Beijing Institute of Lifeomics, Beijing, China
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Fuchu He
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, National Center for Protein Sciences-Beijing, Beijing Institute of Lifeomics, Beijing, China
- School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, National Center for Protein Sciences-Beijing, Beijing Institute of Lifeomics, Beijing, China.
| | - Kate S Carroll
- Department of Chemistry, UF Scripps Biomedical Research, Jupiter, FL, USA.
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24
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Henriquez-Olguin C, Meneses-Valdes R, Raun SH, Gallero S, Knudsen JR, Li Z, Li J, Sylow L, Jaimovich E, Jensen TE. NOX2 deficiency exacerbates diet-induced obesity and impairs molecular training adaptations in skeletal muscle. Redox Biol 2023; 65:102842. [PMID: 37572454 PMCID: PMC10440567 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2023.102842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 08/05/2023] [Indexed: 08/14/2023] Open
Abstract
The production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) by NADPH oxidase (NOX) 2 has been linked to both insulin resistance and exercise training adaptations in skeletal muscle. This study explores the previously unexamined role of NOX2 in the interplay between diet-induced insulin resistance and exercise training (ET). Using a mouse model that harbors a point mutation in the essential NOX2 regulatory subunit, p47phox (Ncf1*), we investigated the impact of this mutation on various metabolic adaptations. Wild-type (WT) and Ncf1* mice were assigned to three groups: chow diet, 60% energy fat diet (HFD), and HFD with access to running wheels (HFD + E). After a 16-week intervention, a comprehensive phenotypic assessment was performed, including body composition, glucose tolerance, energy intake, muscle insulin signaling, redox-related proteins, and mitochondrial adaptations. The results revealed that NOX2 deficiency exacerbated the impact of HFD on body weight, body composition, and glucose intolerance. Moreover, in Ncf1* mice, ET did not improve glucose tolerance or increase muscle cross-sectional area. ET normalized body fat independently of genotype. The lack of NOX2 activity during ET reduced several metabolic adaptations in skeletal muscle, including insulin signaling and expression of Hexokinase II and oxidative phosphorylation complexes. In conclusion, these findings suggest that NOX2 mediates key beneficial effects of exercise training in the context of diet-induced obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Henriquez-Olguin
- The August Krogh Section for Molecular Physiology, Department of Nutrition, Exercise, and Sports, University of Copenhagen, August Krogh Building, Universitetsparken 13, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark; Exercise Science Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Finis Terrae, Av. Pedro de Valdivia 1509, Santiago, Chile.
| | - Roberto Meneses-Valdes
- The August Krogh Section for Molecular Physiology, Department of Nutrition, Exercise, and Sports, University of Copenhagen, August Krogh Building, Universitetsparken 13, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark; Center for Exercise, Metabolism and Cancer, ICBM, Universidad de Chile, 8380453, Santiago, Chile
| | - Steffen H Raun
- The August Krogh Section for Molecular Physiology, Department of Nutrition, Exercise, and Sports, University of Copenhagen, August Krogh Building, Universitetsparken 13, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 3 Blegdamsvej, Copenhagen N, Denmark
| | - Samantha Gallero
- The August Krogh Section for Molecular Physiology, Department of Nutrition, Exercise, and Sports, University of Copenhagen, August Krogh Building, Universitetsparken 13, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jonas R Knudsen
- The August Krogh Section for Molecular Physiology, Department of Nutrition, Exercise, and Sports, University of Copenhagen, August Krogh Building, Universitetsparken 13, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Zhencheng Li
- College of Physical Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, CN, China
| | - Jingwen Li
- School of Medicine and Nursing, Huzhou University, Huzhou, 313000, CN, China
| | - Lykke Sylow
- The August Krogh Section for Molecular Physiology, Department of Nutrition, Exercise, and Sports, University of Copenhagen, August Krogh Building, Universitetsparken 13, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 3 Blegdamsvej, Copenhagen N, Denmark
| | - Enrique Jaimovich
- Center for Exercise, Metabolism and Cancer, ICBM, Universidad de Chile, 8380453, Santiago, Chile
| | - Thomas E Jensen
- The August Krogh Section for Molecular Physiology, Department of Nutrition, Exercise, and Sports, University of Copenhagen, August Krogh Building, Universitetsparken 13, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark.
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25
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Li C, Chen S, Wang Y. Physiological and proteomic changes of Castanopsis fissa in response to drought stress. Sci Rep 2023; 13:12567. [PMID: 37532761 PMCID: PMC10397200 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-39235-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Castanopsis fissa is a native, broadleaf tree species in Guangdong with characteristics of barrenness and fast growth and is often used as a pioneer species for vegetation restoration with excellent ecological benefits. To explore the response of C.fissa to drought, this study investigated the drought tolerance mechanism of C.fissa using physiological and proteomic assessments. Using a potted continuous drought experimental method with normal water supply as a control, we measured photosynthetic parameters, antioxidant enzyme activities, and osmoregulatory substances of C. fissa in response to drought stress for 1 to 4 weeks, respectively. In addition, we used TMT quantitative proteomics to identify differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) between the drought-stress-treated C. fissa leaves and the control leaves. With the extension of drought stress time, the photosynthetic indexes and peroxidase (POD) activity of C. fissa leaves showed a decreasing trend. The malondialdehyde (MDA) content; superoxide Dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activities; and proline (Pro), soluble sugar (SS) and soluble protein (SP) contents showed an overall increasing trend, all of which reached significant differences at 4 w of stress. We identified 177 and 529 DEPs in the 2 and 4 weeks drought-stress leaves, respectively, in reference to the control leaves. These DEPs were closely related to physiological metabolic processes such as photosynthesis, energy and carbohydrate metabolism, stress response and defense, transcriptional regulation, and signal ion transduction. Drought stress mainly affects photosynthesis, carbohydrate metabolism, and protein synthesis and degradation in C. fissa leaves. At 2 weeks of stress, the expression of carbon metabolism, pyruvate metabolism and ribosome-related proteins was significantly changed, however, and at 4 weeks of stress, protein processing in the endoplasmic reticulum and spliceosome-related proteins were significantly increased in plant leaves. To alleviate the effect of water unavailability, the drought-stressed C.fissa leaves increased its oxidative protective enzyme system to eliminate excess reactive oxygen species (ROS) and also increased its Pro and SP contents to maintain the intracellular osmotic potential balance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaonan Li
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, 510225, China
| | - Sanxiong Chen
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, 510225, China
| | - Yi Wang
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, 510225, China.
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26
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Cheng A, Xu T, You W, Wang T, Zhang D, Guo H, Zhang H, Pan X, Wang Y, Liu L, Zhang K, Shi J, Yao X, Guo J, Yang Z. A mitotic NADPH upsurge promotes chromosome segregation and tumour progression in aneuploid cancer cells. Nat Metab 2023; 5:1141-1158. [PMID: 37349486 DOI: 10.1038/s42255-023-00832-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/24/2023]
Abstract
Redox metabolites have been observed to fluctuate through the cell cycle in cancer cells, but the functional impacts of such metabolic oscillations remain unknown. Here, we uncover a mitosis-specific nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) upsurge that is essential for tumour progression. Specifically, NADPH is produced by glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) upon mitotic entry, which neutralizes elevated reactive oxygen species (ROS) and prevents ROS-mediated inactivation of mitotic kinases and chromosome missegregation. Mitotic activation of G6PD depends on the phosphorylation of its co-chaperone protein BAG3 at threonine 285, which results in dissociation of inhibitory BAG3. Blocking BAG3T285 phosphorylation induces tumour suppression. A mitotic NADPH upsurge is present in aneuploid cancer cells with high levels of ROS, while nearly unobservable in near-diploid cancer cells. High BAG3T285 phosphorylation is associated with worse prognosis in a cohort of patients with microsatellite-stable colorectal cancer. Our study reveals that aneuploid cancer cells with high levels of ROS depend on a G6PD-mediated NADPH upsurge in mitosis to protect them from ROS-induced chromosome missegregation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aoxing Cheng
- MOE Key Laboratory for Membraneless Organelles and Cellular Dynamics, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
- Department of Digestive Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
- The CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Tian Xu
- MOE Key Laboratory for Membraneless Organelles and Cellular Dynamics, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Weiyi You
- MOE Key Laboratory for Membraneless Organelles and Cellular Dynamics, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Ting Wang
- MOE Key Laboratory for Membraneless Organelles and Cellular Dynamics, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Dongming Zhang
- The CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Huimin Guo
- Center for Biological Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Haiyan Zhang
- Core Facility Centre for Life Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Xin Pan
- National Center of Biomedical Analysis of China, Beijing, China
| | - Yucai Wang
- The CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
- Center for Advanced Interdisciplinary Science and Biomedicine of IHM, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Liu Liu
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Kaiguang Zhang
- Department of Digestive Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Jue Shi
- Center for Quantitative Systems Biology, Department of Physics and Department of Biology, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Xuebiao Yao
- MOE Key Laboratory for Membraneless Organelles and Cellular Dynamics, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Jing Guo
- Department of Digestive Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China.
| | - Zhenye Yang
- MOE Key Laboratory for Membraneless Organelles and Cellular Dynamics, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China.
- Department of Digestive Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China.
- The CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China.
- Center for Advanced Interdisciplinary Science and Biomedicine of IHM, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China.
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27
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Zhou W, Li W, Wang S, Salovska B, Hu Z, Tao B, Di Y, Punyamurtula U, Turk BE, Sessa WC, Liu Y. An optogenetic-phosphoproteomic study reveals dynamic Akt1 signaling profiles in endothelial cells. Nat Commun 2023; 14:3803. [PMID: 37365174 PMCID: PMC10293293 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-39514-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The serine/threonine kinase AKT is a central node in cell signaling. While aberrant AKT activation underlies the development of a variety of human diseases, how different patterns of AKT-dependent phosphorylation dictate downstream signaling and phenotypic outcomes remains largely enigmatic. Herein, we perform a systems-level analysis that integrates methodological advances in optogenetics, mass spectrometry-based phosphoproteomics, and bioinformatics to elucidate how different intensity, duration, and pattern of Akt1 stimulation lead to distinct temporal phosphorylation profiles in vascular endothelial cells. Through the analysis of ~35,000 phosphorylation sites across multiple conditions precisely controlled by light stimulation, we identify a series of signaling circuits activated downstream of Akt1 and interrogate how Akt1 signaling integrates with growth factor signaling in endothelial cells. Furthermore, our results categorize kinase substrates that are preferably activated by oscillating, transient, and sustained Akt1 signals. We validate a list of phosphorylation sites that covaried with Akt1 phosphorylation across experimental conditions as potential Akt1 substrates. Our resulting dataset provides a rich resource for future studies on AKT signaling and dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenping Zhou
- Department of Pharmacology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06510, USA
- Department of Cell Biology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06511, USA
- Vascular Biology & Therapeutics Program, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA
| | - Wenxue Li
- Department of Pharmacology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06510, USA
- Cancer Biology Institute, Yale University School of Medicine, West Haven, CT, 06516, USA
| | - Shisheng Wang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, and Proteomics-Metabolomics Analysis Platform, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Barbora Salovska
- Department of Pharmacology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06510, USA
- Cancer Biology Institute, Yale University School of Medicine, West Haven, CT, 06516, USA
| | - Zhenyi Hu
- Department of Pharmacology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06510, USA
- Cancer Biology Institute, Yale University School of Medicine, West Haven, CT, 06516, USA
| | - Bo Tao
- Department of Pharmacology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06510, USA
- Vascular Biology & Therapeutics Program, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA
| | - Yi Di
- Department of Pharmacology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06510, USA
- Cancer Biology Institute, Yale University School of Medicine, West Haven, CT, 06516, USA
| | - Ujwal Punyamurtula
- Master of Biotechnology ScM Program, Brown University, Providence, RI, 02912, USA
| | - Benjamin E Turk
- Department of Pharmacology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06510, USA
| | - William C Sessa
- Department of Pharmacology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06510, USA.
- Vascular Biology & Therapeutics Program, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA.
| | - Yansheng Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06510, USA.
- Cancer Biology Institute, Yale University School of Medicine, West Haven, CT, 06516, USA.
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28
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Argaev-Frenkel L, Rosenzweig T. Redox Balance in Type 2 Diabetes: Therapeutic Potential and the Challenge of Antioxidant-Based Therapy. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12050994. [PMID: 37237860 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12050994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Revised: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress is an important factor in the development of type 2 diabetes (T2D) and associated complications. Unfortunately, most clinical studies have failed to provide sufficient evidence regarding the benefits of antioxidants (AOXs) in treating this disease. Based on the known complexity of reactive oxygen species (ROS) functions in both the physiology and pathophysiology of glucose homeostasis, it is suggested that inappropriate dosing leads to the failure of AOXs in T2D treatment. To support this hypothesis, the role of oxidative stress in the pathophysiology of T2D is described, together with a summary of the evidence for the failure of AOXs in the management of diabetes. A comparison of preclinical and clinical studies indicates that suboptimal dosing of AOXs might explain the lack of benefits of AOXs. Conversely, the possibility that glycemic control might be adversely affected by excess AOXs is also considered, based on the role of ROS in insulin signaling. We suggest that AOX therapy should be given in a personalized manner according to the need, which is the presence and severity of oxidative stress. With the development of gold-standard biomarkers for oxidative stress, optimization of AOX therapy may be achieved to maximize the therapeutic potential of these agents.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tovit Rosenzweig
- Department of Molecular Biology, Ariel University, Ariel 4070000, Israel
- Adison School of Medicine, Ariel University, Ariel 4070000, Israel
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29
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Immune response gene 1 deficiency aggravates high fat diet-induced nonalcoholic fatty liver disease via promotion of redox-sensitive AKT suppression. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2023; 1869:166656. [PMID: 36706797 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2023.166656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Revised: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common chronic liver disorder worldwide. Immune response gene 1 (IRG1) catalyzes the production of bio-active itaconate, which is actively involved in the regulation of signal transduction. A recent study has found that the expression of IRG1 was significantly down-regulated in obesity-associated fatty liver, but the potential roles of IRG1 in the development NAFLD remain unclear. The present study found that genetic deletion of IRG1 aggravated high fat diet (HFD)-induced metabolic disturbance, including obesity, dyslipidemia and insulin resistance. In addition, HFD induced more severe liver steatosis and higher serum ALT and AST level in IRG1 KO mice, which were accompanied with altered expression of genes involved in lipid uptake, synthesis and catabolism. RNA-seq and immunoblot analysis indicated that deficiency of IRG1 is associated with suppressed activation of AKT, a master metabolic regulator. Mechanistically, IRG1/itaconate enhanced the antioxidative NRF2 pathway and prevented redox-sensitive suppression of AKT. Interestingly, supplementation with 4-octyl itaconate (4-OI), a cell-permeable derivate of itaconate, alleviated HFD-induced oxidative stress, AKT suppression and liver steatosis. Therefore, IRG1 probably functions as a protective regulator in the development of NAFLD and the cell-permeable 4-OI might have potential value for the pharmacological intervention of NAFLD.
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Xia Q, Casas-Martinez JC, Zarzuela E, Muñoz J, Miranda-Vizuete A, Goljanek-Whysall K, McDonagh B. Peroxiredoxin 2 is required for the redox mediated adaptation to exercise. Redox Biol 2023; 60:102631. [PMID: 36791646 PMCID: PMC9950660 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2023.102631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Revised: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Exercise generates a site-specific increase in Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) within muscle that promotes changes in gene transcription and mitochondrial biogenesis, required for the beneficial adaptive response. We demonstrate that Peroxiredoxin 2 (Prdx2), an abundant cytoplasmic 2-Cys peroxiredoxin, is required for the adaptive hormesis response to physiological levels of H2O2 in myoblasts and following exercise in C. elegans. A short bolus addition of H2O2 increases mitochondrial capacity and improves myogenesis of cultured myoblasts, this beneficial adaptive response was suppressed in myoblasts with decreased expression of cytoplasmic Prdxs. Moreover, a swimming exercise protocol in C. elegans increased mitochondrial content, fitness, survival and longevity in wild type (N2) worms. In contrast, prdx-2 mutant worms had decreased fitness, disrupted mitochondria, reduced survival and lifespan following exercise. Global proteomics following exercise identified distinct changes in the proteome of N2 and prdx-2 mutants. Furthermore, a redox proteomic approach to quantify reversible oxidation of specific Cysteine residues revealed a more reduced redox state in the non-exercised prdx-2 mutant strain that become oxidized following exercise. In contrast, specific Cys residues from regulatory proteins become more reduced in the N2 strain following exercise, establishing the key regulatory role of PRDX-2 in a redox signalling cascade following endogenous ROS generation. Our results demonstrate that conserved cytoplasmic 2-Cys Peroxiredoxins are required for the beneficial adaptive response to a physiological redox stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Xia
- Discipline of Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Galway, Ireland; Apoptosis Research Centre, University of Galway, Ireland
| | - Jose C Casas-Martinez
- Discipline of Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Galway, Ireland; Apoptosis Research Centre, University of Galway, Ireland
| | - Eduardo Zarzuela
- Proteomics Unit, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Madrid, Spain
| | - Javier Muñoz
- Proteomics Unit, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Madrid, Spain; Cell Signalling and Clinical Proteomics Group, Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute, Barakaldo, Spain
| | - Antonio Miranda-Vizuete
- Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla, IBiS/Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/Universidad de Sevilla, Spain
| | - Katarzyna Goljanek-Whysall
- Discipline of Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Galway, Ireland; Apoptosis Research Centre, University of Galway, Ireland; Institute of Lifecourse and Medical Sciences, University of Liverpool, UK
| | - Brian McDonagh
- Discipline of Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Galway, Ireland; Apoptosis Research Centre, University of Galway, Ireland.
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31
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Kra G, Daddam JR, Moallem U, Kamer H, Mualem B, Levin Y, Kočvarová R, Nemirovski A, Contreras AG, Tam J, Zachut M. Alpha-linolenic acid modulates systemic and adipose tissue-specific insulin sensitivity, inflammation, and the endocannabinoid system in dairy cows. Sci Rep 2023; 13:5280. [PMID: 37002295 PMCID: PMC10066235 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-32433-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Metabolic disorders are often linked to alterations in insulin signaling. Omega-3 (n-3) fatty acids modulate immunometabolic responses; thus, we examined the effects of peripartum n-3 on systemic and adipose tissue (AT)-specific insulin sensitivity, immune function, and the endocannabinoid system (ECS) in dairy cows. Cows were supplemented peripartum with saturated fat (CTL) or flaxseed supplement rich in alpha-linolenic acid (ALA). Blood immunometabolic biomarkers were examined, and at 5-8 d postpartum (PP), an intravenous glucose-tolerance-test (GTT) and AT biopsies were performed. Insulin sensitivity in AT was assessed by phosphoproteomics and proteomics. Peripartum n-3 reduced the plasma concentrations of Interleukin-6 (IL-6) and IL-17α, lowered the percentage of white blood cells PP, and reduced inflammatory proteins in AT. Systemic insulin sensitivity was higher in ALA than in CTL. In AT, the top canonical pathways, according to the differential phosphoproteome in ALA, were protein-kinase-A signaling and insulin-receptor signaling; network analysis and immunoblots validated the lower phosphorylation of protein kinase B (Akt), and lower abundance of insulin receptor, together suggesting reduced insulin sensitivity in ALA AT. The n-3 reduced the plasma concentrations of ECS-associated ligands, and lowered the abundances of cannabinoid-1-receptor and monoglycerol-lipase in peripheral blood mononuclear cells PP. Peripartum ALA supplementation in dairy cows improved systemic insulin sensitivity and immune function, reduced ECS components, and had tissue-specific effects on insulin-sensitivity in AT, possibly counter-balancing the systemic responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gitit Kra
- Department of Ruminant Science, Institute of Animal Sciences, ARO Volcani Institute, Rishon LeZiyon, Israel
- Department of Animal Science, The Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Jayasimha Rayalu Daddam
- Department of Ruminant Science, Institute of Animal Sciences, ARO Volcani Institute, Rishon LeZiyon, Israel
| | - Uzi Moallem
- Department of Ruminant Science, Institute of Animal Sciences, ARO Volcani Institute, Rishon LeZiyon, Israel
| | - Hadar Kamer
- Department of Ruminant Science, Institute of Animal Sciences, ARO Volcani Institute, Rishon LeZiyon, Israel
| | - Batel Mualem
- Department of Ruminant Science, Institute of Animal Sciences, ARO Volcani Institute, Rishon LeZiyon, Israel
| | - Yishai Levin
- The Nancy and Stephen Grand Israel National Center for Personalized Medicine, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Radka Kočvarová
- Obesity and Metabolism Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, School of Pharmacy, The Institute for Drug Research, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Alina Nemirovski
- Obesity and Metabolism Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, School of Pharmacy, The Institute for Drug Research, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Andres G Contreras
- Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, USA
| | - Joseph Tam
- Obesity and Metabolism Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, School of Pharmacy, The Institute for Drug Research, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Maya Zachut
- Department of Ruminant Science, Institute of Animal Sciences, ARO Volcani Institute, Rishon LeZiyon, Israel.
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32
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Raninga PV, He Y, Datta KK, Lu X, Maheshwari UR, Venkat P, Mayoh C, Gowda H, Kalimutho M, Hooper JD, Khanna KK. Combined thioredoxin reductase and glutaminase inhibition exerts synergistic anti-tumor activity in MYC-high high-grade serous ovarian carcinoma. Mol Ther 2023; 31:729-743. [PMID: 36560881 PMCID: PMC10014232 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2022.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Revised: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Approximately 50%-55% of high-grade serous ovarian carcinoma (HGSOC) patients have MYC oncogenic pathway activation. Because MYC is not directly targetable, we have analyzed molecular pathways enriched in MYC-high HGSOC tumors to identify potential therapeutic targets. Here, we report that MYC-high HGSOC tumors show enrichment in genes controlled by NRF2, an antioxidant signaling pathway, along with increased thioredoxin redox activity. Treatment of MYC-high HGSOC tumors cells with US Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved thioredoxin reductase 1 (TrxR1) inhibitor auranofin resulted in significant growth suppression and apoptosis in MYC-high HGSOC cells in vitro and also significantly reduced tumor growth in an MYC-high HGSOC patient-derived tumor xenograft. We found that auranofin treatment inhibited glycolysis in MYC-high cells via oxidation-induced GAPDH inhibition. Interestingly, in response to auranofin-induced glycolysis inhibition, MYC-high HGSOC cells switched to glutamine metabolism for survival. Depletion of glutamine with either glutamine starvation or glutaminase (GLS1) inhibitor CB-839 exerted synergistic anti-tumor activity with auranofin in HGSOC cells and OVCAR-8 cell line xenograft. These findings suggest that applying a combined therapy of GLS1 inhibitor and TrxR1 inhibitor could effectively treat MYC-high HGSOC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prahlad V Raninga
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, 300 Herston Road, Herston, Brisbane, QLD 4006, Australia.
| | - Yaowu He
- Mater Research Institute, The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, QLD 4102, Australia
| | - Keshava K Datta
- Proteomics and Metabolomics Platform, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC 3086, Australia
| | - Xue Lu
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, 300 Herston Road, Herston, Brisbane, QLD 4006, Australia
| | - Uma R Maheshwari
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, 300 Herston Road, Herston, Brisbane, QLD 4006, Australia
| | - Pooja Venkat
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Centre, UNSW Sydney, Kensington, NSW 2750, Australia
| | - Chelsea Mayoh
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Centre, UNSW Sydney, Kensington, NSW 2750, Australia
| | - Harsha Gowda
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, 300 Herston Road, Herston, Brisbane, QLD 4006, Australia
| | - Murugan Kalimutho
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, 300 Herston Road, Herston, Brisbane, QLD 4006, Australia
| | - John D Hooper
- Mater Research Institute, The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, QLD 4102, Australia
| | - Kum Kum Khanna
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, 300 Herston Road, Herston, Brisbane, QLD 4006, Australia.
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Liu K, Liu L, Guo H, Xu R, Liang X, Chen Y, Li H, Fu X, Wang X, Chen H, Li Y, Yang J. Redox Modulatory Cu(II)-Baicalein Microflowers Prepared in One Step Effectively Promote Therapeutic Angiogenesis in Diabetic Mice. Adv Healthc Mater 2023; 12:e2202010. [PMID: 36416442 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202202010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Revised: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) have been implicated in multiple cellular processes, and an imbalance in redox homeostasis gives rise to diseases, therefore, reestablishing redox homeostasis is a way to cure. Here, copper-based metal-organic networks (Cu-MON) are generated by one-step reaction using anti-inflammatory and antioxidant baicalein as organic ligand and pro-angiogenic copper as metal ions. Phosphate buffered saline is required for triggering Cu-MON formation, and baicalein regulates the morphology and particle size of Cu-MON. Cu-MON are composed of Cu-baicalein complexes (82.08 wt%) and Cu3 (PO4 )2 ·3H2 O (17.92 wt%), thus exhibit a variable catalase-like activity against different H2 O2 levels due to the reversible change between Cu2+ /Cu1+ /Cu0 species. Intramuscular injection of Cu-MON significantly increases blood flow of ischemic limb in diabetic mice, enhances the relative activities of redox-related enzymes in ischemic muscle, thus effectively ameliorating the oxidative damage. Taken together, through moderate and dynamic "precise homeostasis regulation of cells," Cu-MON can be an efficient therapeutic strategy for peripheral arterial disease with diabetic complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaijing Liu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biomaterial Research, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300192, China
| | - Limei Liu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biomaterial Research, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300192, China
| | - Haoyang Guo
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biomaterial Research, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300192, China.,School of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Science, University of California Irvine, 209 Steinahus Hall, Irvine, CA, 92697-3958, USA
| | - Rong Xu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biomaterial Research, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300192, China
| | - Xiaoyu Liang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biomaterial Research, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300192, China
| | - Youlu Chen
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biomaterial Research, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300192, China
| | - Huiyang Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biomaterial Research, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300192, China
| | - Xue Fu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biomaterial Research, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300192, China
| | - Xiaoli Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biomaterial Research, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300192, China.,Tianjin Institutes of Health Science, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union College, Tianjin, China
| | - Houzao Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100005, China
| | - Yongjun Li
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, P. R. China
| | - Jing Yang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biomaterial Research, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300192, China.,Tianjin Institutes of Health Science, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union College, Tianjin, China
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34
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Xiao D, Chen C, Yang P. Computational systems approach towards phosphoproteomics and their downstream regulation. Proteomics 2023; 23:e2200068. [PMID: 35580145 DOI: 10.1002/pmic.202200068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Revised: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Protein phosphorylation plays an essential role in modulating cell signalling and its downstream transcriptional and translational regulations. Until recently, protein phosphorylation has been studied mostly using low-throughput biochemical assays. The advancement of mass spectrometry (MS)-based phosphoproteomics transformed the field by enabling measurement of proteome-wide phosphorylation events, where tens of thousands of phosphosites are routinely identified and quantified in an experiment. This has brought a significant challenge in analysing large-scale phosphoproteomic data, making computational methods and systems approaches integral parts of phosphoproteomics. Previous works have primarily focused on reviewing the experimental techniques in MS-based phosphoproteomics, yet a systematic survey of the computational landscape in this field is still missing. Here, we review computational methods and tools, and systems approaches that have been developed for phosphoproteomics data analysis. We categorise them into four aspects including data processing, functional analysis, phosphoproteome annotation and their integration with other omics, and in each aspect, we discuss the key methods and example studies. Lastly, we highlight some of the potential research directions on which future work would make a significant contribution to this fast-growing field. We hope this review provides a useful snapshot of the field of computational systems phosphoproteomics and stimulates new research that drives future development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Xiao
- Computational Systems Biology Group, Children's Medical Research Institute, The University of Sydney, Westmead, New South Wales, Australia.,Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Carissa Chen
- Computational Systems Biology Group, Children's Medical Research Institute, The University of Sydney, Westmead, New South Wales, Australia.,Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Pengyi Yang
- Computational Systems Biology Group, Children's Medical Research Institute, The University of Sydney, Westmead, New South Wales, Australia.,Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,School of Mathematics and Statistics, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
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35
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Rinschen MM, Harder JL, Carter-Timofte ME, Zanon Rodriguez L, Mirabelli C, Demir F, Kurmasheva N, Ramakrishnan SK, Kunke M, Tan Y, Billing A, Dahlke E, Larionov AA, Bechtel-Walz W, Aukschun U, Grabbe M, Nielsen R, Christensen EI, Kretzler M, Huber TB, Wobus CE, Olagnier D, Siuzdak G, Grahammer F, Theilig F. VPS34-dependent control of apical membrane function of proximal tubule cells and nutrient recovery by the kidney. Sci Signal 2022; 15:eabo7940. [PMID: 36445937 PMCID: PMC10350314 DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.abo7940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
The lipid kinase VPS34 orchestrates autophagy, endocytosis, and metabolism and is implicated in cancer and metabolic disease. The proximal tubule in the kidney is a key metabolic organ that controls reabsorption of nutrients such as fatty acids, amino acids, sugars, and proteins. Here, by combining metabolomics, proteomics, and phosphoproteomics analyses with functional and superresolution imaging assays of mice with an inducible deficiency in proximal tubular cells, we revealed that VPS34 controlled the metabolome of the proximal tubule. In addition to inhibiting pinocytosis and autophagy, VPS34 depletion induced membrane exocytosis and reduced the abundance of the retromer complex necessary for proper membrane recycling and lipid retention, leading to a loss of fuel and biomass. Integration of omics data into a kidney cell metabolomic model demonstrated that VPS34 deficiency increased β-oxidation, reduced gluconeogenesis, and enhanced the use of glutamine for energy consumption. Furthermore, the omics datasets revealed that VPS34 depletion triggered an antiviral response that included a decrease in the abundance of apically localized virus receptors such as ACE2. VPS34 inhibition abrogated SARS-CoV-2 infection in human kidney organoids and cultured proximal tubule cells in a glutamine-dependent manner. Thus, our results demonstrate that VPS34 adjusts endocytosis, nutrient transport, autophagy, and antiviral responses in proximal tubule cells in the kidney.
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Affiliation(s)
- Markus M Rinschen
- Scripps Center for Metabolomics, Scripps Research, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
- III. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20251 Hamburg, Germany
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark
- Department II of Internal Medicine and Center for Molecular Medicine, University of Cologne, 50937 Cologne, Germany
- Aarhus Institute for Advanced Studies, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Jennifer L Harder
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | | | | | - Carmen Mirabelli
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Fatih Demir
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark
| | | | | | - Madlen Kunke
- Department of Anatomy, Christian-Albrechts-University Kiel, 24118 Kiel, Germany
| | - Yifan Tan
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Anja Billing
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Eileen Dahlke
- Department of Anatomy, Christian-Albrechts-University Kiel, 24118 Kiel, Germany
| | - Alexey A Larionov
- Department of Medicine, University of Fribourg, 1700 Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Wibke Bechtel-Walz
- IV Department of Medicine and Faculty of Medicine, University Medical Center Freiburg, 79110 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Ute Aukschun
- IV Department of Medicine and Faculty of Medicine, University Medical Center Freiburg, 79110 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Marlen Grabbe
- IV Department of Medicine and Faculty of Medicine, University Medical Center Freiburg, 79110 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Rikke Nielsen
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark
| | | | - Matthias Kretzler
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Tobias B Huber
- III. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20251 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Christiane E Wobus
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - David Olagnier
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Gary Siuzdak
- Scripps Center for Metabolomics, Scripps Research, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Florian Grahammer
- III. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20251 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Franziska Theilig
- Department of Anatomy, Christian-Albrechts-University Kiel, 24118 Kiel, Germany
- Department of Medicine, University of Fribourg, 1700 Fribourg, Switzerland
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36
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Holubiec MI, Gellert M, Hanschmann EM. Redox signaling and metabolism in Alzheimer's disease. Front Aging Neurosci 2022; 14:1003721. [PMID: 36408110 PMCID: PMC9670316 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2022.1003721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 08/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Reduction and oxidation reactions are essential for biochemical processes. They are part of metabolic pathways and signal transduction. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) as second messengers and oxidative modifications of cysteinyl (Cys) residues are key to transduce and translate intracellular and intercellular signals. Dysregulation of cellular redox signaling is known as oxidative distress, which has been linked to various pathologies, including neurodegeneration. Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative pathology linked to both, abnormal amyloid precursor protein (APP) processing, generating Aβ peptide, and Tau hyperphosphorylation and aggregation. Signs of oxidative distress in AD include: increase of ROS (H2O2, O2 •-), decrease of the levels or activities of antioxidant enzymes, abnormal oxidation of macromolecules related to elevated Aβ production, and changes in mitochondrial homeostasis linked to Tau phosphorylation. Interestingly, Cys residues present in APP form disulfide bonds that are important for intermolecular interactions and might be involved in the aggregation of Aβ. Moreover, two Cys residues in some Tau isoforms have been shown to be essential for Tau stabilization and its interaction with microtubules. Future research will show the complexities of Tau, its interactome, and the role that Cys residues play in the progression of AD. The specific modification of cysteinyl residues in redox signaling is also tightly connected to the regulation of various metabolic pathways. Many of these pathways have been found to be altered in AD, even at very early stages. In order to analyze the complex changes and underlying mechanisms, several AD models have been developed, including animal models, 2D and 3D cell culture, and ex-vivo studies of patient samples. The use of these models along with innovative, new redox analysis techniques are key to further understand the importance of the redox component in Alzheimer's disease and the identification of new therapeutic targets in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. I. Holubiec
- IBioBA-MPSP Instituto de Investigación en Biomedicina de Buenos Aires, Partner Institute of the Max Planck Society, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - M. Gellert
- Institute for Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University Medicine Greifwald, University Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
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37
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Dupuy A, Ju LA, Chiu J, Passam FH. Mechano-Redox Control of Integrins in Thromboinflammation. Antioxid Redox Signal 2022; 37:1072-1093. [PMID: 35044225 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2021.0265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Significance: How mechanical forces and biochemical cues are coupled remains a miracle for many biological processes. Integrins, well-known adhesion receptors, sense changes in mechanical forces and reduction-oxidation reactions (redox) in their environment to mediate their adhesive function. The coupling of mechanical and redox function is a new area of investigation. Disturbance of normal mechanical forces and the redox balance occurs in thromboinflammatory conditions; atherosclerotic plaques create changes to the mechanical forces in the circulation. Diabetes induces redox changes in the circulation by the production of reactive oxygen species and vascular inflammation. Recent Advances: Integrins sense changes in the blood flow shear stress at the level of focal adhesions and respond to flow and traction forces by increased signaling. Talin, the integrin-actin linker, is a traction force sensor and adaptor. Oxidation and reduction of integrin disulfide bonds regulate their adhesion. A conserved disulfide bond in integrin αlpha IIb beta 3 (αIIbβ3) is directly reduced by the thiol oxidoreductase endoplasmic reticulum protein 5 (ERp5) under shear stress. Critical Issues: The coordination of mechano-redox events between the extracellular and intracellular compartments is an active area of investigation. Another fundamental issue is to determine the spatiotemporal arrangement of key regulators of integrins' mechanical and redox interactions. How thromboinflammatory conditions lead to mechanoredox uncoupling is relatively unexplored. Future Directions: Integrated approaches, involving disulfide bond biochemistry, microfluidic assays, and dynamic force spectroscopy, will aid in showing that cell adhesion constitutes a crossroad of mechano- and redox biology, within the same molecule, the integrin. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 37, 1072-1093.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Dupuy
- Central Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, Australia.,Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, Australia.,Heart Research Institute, Newtown, Australia
| | - Lining Arnold Ju
- Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, Australia.,Heart Research Institute, Newtown, Australia.,School of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, The University of Sydney, Darlington, Australia
| | - Joyce Chiu
- Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, Australia.,ACRF Centenary Cancer Research Centre, The Centenary Institute, Camperdown, Australia
| | - Freda H Passam
- Central Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, Australia.,Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, Australia.,Heart Research Institute, Newtown, Australia
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38
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Ferreira RB, Fu L, Jung Y, Yang J, Carroll KS. Reaction-based fluorogenic probes for detecting protein cysteine oxidation in living cells. Nat Commun 2022; 13:5522. [PMID: 36130931 PMCID: PMC9492777 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-33124-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2021] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
'Turn-on' fluorescence probes for detecting H2O2 in cells are established, but equivalent tools to monitor the products of its reaction with protein cysteines have not been reported. Here we describe fluorogenic probes for detecting sulfenic acid, a redox modification inextricably linked to H2O2 signaling and oxidative stress. The reagents exhibit excellent cell permeability, rapid reactivity, and high selectivity with minimal cytotoxicity. We develop a high-throughput assay for measuring S-sulfenation in cells and use it to screen a curated kinase inhibitor library. We reveal a positive association between S-sulfenation and inhibition of TK, AGC, and CMGC kinase group members including GSK3, a promising target for neurological disorders. Proteomic mapping of GSK3 inhibitor-treated cells shows that S-sulfenation sites localize to the regulatory cysteines of antioxidant enzymes. Our studies highlight the ability of kinase inhibitors to modulate the cysteine sulfenome and should find broad application in the rapidly growing field of redox medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renan B Ferreira
- Department of Chemistry, UF Scripps Biomedical Research, Jupiter, FL, 33458, US
| | - Ling Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, National Center for Protein Sciences Beijing, Beijing Institute of Lifeomics, Beijing, 102206, China
- Innovation Institute of Medical School, Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Youngeun Jung
- Department of Chemistry, UF Scripps Biomedical Research, Jupiter, FL, 33458, US
| | - Jing Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, National Center for Protein Sciences Beijing, Beijing Institute of Lifeomics, Beijing, 102206, China
| | - Kate S Carroll
- Department of Chemistry, UF Scripps Biomedical Research, Jupiter, FL, 33458, US.
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Goetting I, Larafa S, Eul K, Kunin M, Jakob B, Matschke J, Jendrossek V. Targeting AKT-Dependent Regulation of Antioxidant Defense Sensitizes AKT-E17K Expressing Cancer Cells to Ionizing Radiation. Front Oncol 2022; 12:920017. [PMID: 35875130 PMCID: PMC9304891 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.920017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Aberrant activation of the phosphatidyl-inositol-3-kinase/protein kinase B (AKT) pathway has clinical relevance to radiation resistance, but the underlying mechanisms are incompletely understood. Protection against reactive oxygen species (ROS) plays an emerging role in the regulation of cell survival upon irradiation. AKT-dependent signaling participates in the regulation of cellular antioxidant defense. Here, we were interested to explore a yet unknown role of aberrant activation of AKT in regulating antioxidant defense in response to IR and associated radiation resistance.We combined genetic and pharmacologic approaches to study how aberrant activation of AKT impacts cell metabolism, antioxidant defense, and radiosensitivity. Therefore, we used TRAMPC1 (TrC1) prostate cancer cells overexpressing the clinically relevant AKT-variant AKT-E17K with increased AKT activity or wildtype AKT (AKT-WT) and analyzed the consequences of direct AKT inhibition (MK2206) and inhibition of AKT-dependent metabolic enzymes on the levels of cellular ROS, antioxidant capacity, metabolic state, short-term and long-term survival without and with irradiation.TrC1 cells expressing the clinically relevant AKT1-E17K variant were characterized by improved antioxidant defense compared to TrC1 AKT-WT cells and this was associated with increased radiation resistance. The underlying mechanisms involved AKT-dependent direct and indirect regulation of cellular levels of reduced glutathione (GSH). Pharmacologic inhibition of specific AKT-dependent metabolic enzymes supporting defense against oxidative stress, e.g., inhibition of glutathione synthase and glutathione reductase, improved eradication of clonogenic tumor cells, particularly of TrC1 cells overexpressing AKT-E17K.We conclude that improved capacity of TrC1 AKT-E17K cells to balance antioxidant defense with provision of energy and other metabolites upon irradiation compared to TrC1 AKT-WT cells contributes to their increased radiation resistance. Our findings on the importance of glutathione de novo synthesis and glutathione regeneration for radiation resistance of TrC1 AKT-E17K cells offer novel perspectives for improving radiosensitivity in cancer cells with aberrant AKT activity by combining IR with inhibitors targeting AKT-dependent regulation of GSH provision.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabell Goetting
- Institute of Cell Biology (Cancer Research), University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Safa Larafa
- Institute of Cell Biology (Cancer Research), University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Katharina Eul
- Institute of Cell Biology (Cancer Research), University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Mikhail Kunin
- Institute of Cell Biology (Cancer Research), University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Burkhard Jakob
- Department of Biophysics, GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung, Darmstadt, Germany
- Department of Biology, Technical University of Darmstadt, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Johann Matschke
- Institute of Cell Biology (Cancer Research), University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
- *Correspondence: Verena Jendrossek, ; Johann Matschke,
| | - Verena Jendrossek
- Institute of Cell Biology (Cancer Research), University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
- *Correspondence: Verena Jendrossek, ; Johann Matschke,
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40
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Trafficking regulator of GLUT4-1 (TRARG1) is a GSK3 substrate. Biochem J 2022; 479:1237-1256. [PMID: 35594055 PMCID: PMC9284383 DOI: 10.1042/bcj20220153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Revised: 05/12/2022] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Trafficking regulator of GLUT4-1, TRARG1, positively regulates insulin-stimulated GLUT4 trafficking and insulin sensitivity. However, the mechanism(s) by which this occurs remain(s) unclear. Using biochemical and mass spectrometry analyses we found that TRARG1 is dephosphorylated in response to insulin in a PI3K/Akt-dependent manner and is a novel substrate for GSK3. Priming phosphorylation of murine TRARG1 at serine 84 allows for GSK3-directed phosphorylation at serines 72, 76 and 80. A similar pattern of phosphorylation was observed in human TRARG1, suggesting that our findings are translatable to human TRARG1. Pharmacological inhibition of GSK3 increased cell surface GLUT4 in cells stimulated with a submaximal insulin dose, and this was impaired following Trarg1 knockdown, suggesting that TRARG1 acts as a GSK3-mediated regulator in GLUT4 trafficking. These data place TRARG1 within the insulin signaling network and provide insights into how GSK3 regulates GLUT4 trafficking in adipocytes.
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Sampadi B, Mullenders LHF, Vrieling H. Low and high doses of ionizing radiation evoke discrete global (phospho)proteome responses. DNA Repair (Amst) 2022; 113:103305. [PMID: 35255311 DOI: 10.1016/j.dnarep.2022.103305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2021] [Revised: 02/02/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although cancer risk is assumed to be linear with ionizing radiation (IR) dose, it is unclear to what extent low doses (LD) of IR from medical and occupational exposures pose a cancer risk for humans. Improved mechanistic understanding of the signaling responses to LD may help to clarify this uncertainty. Here, we performed quantitative mass spectrometry-based proteomics and phosphoproteomics experiments, using mouse embryonic stem cells, at 0.5 h and 4 h after exposure to LD (0.1 Gy) and high doses (HD; 1 Gy) of IR. RESULTS The proteome remained relatively stable (29; 0.5% proteins responded), whereas the phosphoproteome changed dynamically (819; 7% phosphosites changed) upon irradiation. Dose-dependent alterations of 25 IR-responsive proteins were identified, with only four in common between LD and HD. Mitochondrial metabolic proteins and pathways responded to LD, whereas transporter proteins and mitochondrial uncoupling pathways responded to HD. Congruently, mitochondrial respiration increased after LD exposure but decreased after HD exposure. While the bulk of the phosphoproteome response to LD (76%) occurred already at 0.5 h, an equivalent proportion of the phosphosites responded to HD at both time points. Motif, kinome/phosphatome, kinase-substrate, and pathway analyses revealed a robust DNA damage response (DDR) activation after HD exposure but not after LD exposure. Instead, LD-irradiation induced (de)phosphorylation of kinases, kinase-substrates and phosphatases that predominantly respond to reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. CONCLUSION Our analyses identify discrete global proteome and phosphoproteome responses after LD and HD, uncovering novel proteins and protein (de)phosphorylation events involved in the dose-dependent ionizing radiation responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bharath Sampadi
- Department of Human Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Einthovenweg 20, 2333ZC Leiden, The Netherlands.
| | - Leon H F Mullenders
- Department of Human Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Einthovenweg 20, 2333ZC Leiden, The Netherlands; Department of Genetics, Research Institute of Environmental Medicine (RIeM), Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Harry Vrieling
- Department of Human Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Einthovenweg 20, 2333ZC Leiden, The Netherlands.
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Xiao D, Kim HJ, Pang I, Yang P. Functional analysis of the stable phosphoproteome reveals cancer vulnerabilities. Bioinformatics 2022; 38:1956-1963. [PMID: 35015814 PMCID: PMC9113330 DOI: 10.1093/bioinformatics/btac015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Revised: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
MOTIVATION The advance of mass spectrometry-based technologies enabled the profiling of the phosphoproteomes of a multitude of cell and tissue types. However, current research primarily focused on investigating the phosphorylation dynamics in specific cell types and experimental conditions, whereas the phosphorylation events that are common across cell/tissue types and stable regardless of experimental conditions are, so far, mostly ignored. RESULTS Here, we developed a statistical framework to identify the stable phosphoproteome across 53 human phosphoproteomics datasets, covering 40 cell/tissue types and 194 conditions/treatments. We demonstrate that the stably phosphorylated sites (SPSs) identified from our statistical framework are evolutionarily conserved, functionally important and enriched in a range of core signaling and gene pathways. Particularly, we show that SPSs are highly enriched in the RNA splicing pathway, an essential cellular process in mammalian cells, and frequently disrupted by cancer mutations, suggesting a link between the dysregulation of RNA splicing and cancer development through mutations on SPSs. AVAILABILITY AND IMPLEMENTATION The source code for data analysis in this study is available from Github repository https://github.com/PYangLab/SPSs under the open-source license of GPL-3. The data used in this study are publicly available (see Section 2.8). SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Xiao
- Computational Systems Biology Group, Children’s Medical Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney 2145, Australia
| | - Hani Jieun Kim
- Computational Systems Biology Group, Children’s Medical Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney 2145, Australia
- Charles Perkins Centre, School of Mathematics and Statistics, The University of Sydney, Sydney 2006, Australia
| | - Ignatius Pang
- Bioinformatics Group, Children’s Medical Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney 2145, Australia
| | - Pengyi Yang
- Computational Systems Biology Group, Children’s Medical Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney 2145, Australia
- Charles Perkins Centre, School of Mathematics and Statistics, The University of Sydney, Sydney 2006, Australia
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Integrating adipocyte insulin signaling and metabolism in the multi-omics era. Trends Biochem Sci 2022; 47:531-546. [PMID: 35304047 DOI: 10.1016/j.tibs.2022.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Revised: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Insulin stimulates glucose uptake into adipocytes via mTORC2/AKT signaling and GLUT4 translocation and directs glucose carbons into glycolysis, glycerol for TAG synthesis, and de novo lipogenesis. Adipocyte insulin resistance is an early indicator of type 2 diabetes in obesity, a worldwide health crisis. Thus, understanding the interplay between insulin signaling and central carbon metabolism pathways that maintains adipocyte function, blood glucose levels, and metabolic homeostasis is critical. While classically viewed through the lens of individual enzyme-substrate interactions, advances in mass spectrometry are beginning to illuminate adipocyte signaling and metabolic networks on an unprecedented scale, yet this is just the tip of the iceberg. Here, we review how 'omics approaches help to elucidate adipocyte insulin action in cellular time and space.
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Argaev-Frenkel L, Rosenzweig T. Complexity of NAC Action as an Antidiabetic Agent: Opposing Effects of Oxidative and Reductive Stress on Insulin Secretion and Insulin Signaling. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23062965. [PMID: 35328386 PMCID: PMC8950759 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23062965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Revised: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Dysregulated redox balance is involved in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes. While the benefit of antioxidants in neutralizing oxidative stress is well characterized, the potential harm of antioxidant-induced reductive stress is unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate the dose-dependent effects of the antioxidant N-acetylcysteine (NAC) on various tissues involved in the regulation of blood glucose and the mechanisms underlying its functions. H2O2 was used as an oxidizing agent in order to compare the outcomes of oxidative and reductive stress on cellular function. Cellular death in pancreatic islets and diminished insulin secretion were facilitated by H2O2-induced oxidative stress but not by NAC. On the other hand, myotubes and adipocytes were negatively affected by NAC-induced reductive stress, as demonstrated by the impaired transmission of insulin signaling and glucose transport, as opposed to H2O2-stimulatory action. This was accompanied by redox balance alteration and thiol modifications of proteins. The NAC-induced deterioration of insulin signaling was also observed in healthy mice, while both insulin secretion and insulin signaling were improved in diabetic mice. This study establishes the tissue-specific effects of NAC and the importance of the delicate maintenance of redox balance, emphasizing the challenge of implementing antioxidant therapy in the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tovit Rosenzweig
- Department of Molecular Biology, Ariel University, Ariel 4070000, Israel;
- Department of Nutritional Studies, Ariel University, Ariel 4070000, Israel
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +972-3937-1433
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Ayer A, Fazakerley DJ, James DE, Stocker R. The role of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species in insulin resistance. Free Radic Biol Med 2022; 179:339-362. [PMID: 34775001 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2021.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2021] [Revised: 10/31/2021] [Accepted: 11/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Insulin resistance is one of the earliest pathological features of a suite of diseases including type 2 diabetes collectively referred to as metabolic syndrome. There is a growing body of evidence from both pre-clinical studies and human cohorts indicating that reactive oxygen species, such as the superoxide radical anion and hydrogen peroxide are key players in the development of insulin resistance. Here we review the evidence linking mitochondrial reactive oxygen species generated within mitochondria with insulin resistance in adipose tissue and skeletal muscle, two major insulin sensitive tissues. We outline the relevant mitochondria-derived reactive species, how the mitochondrial redox state is regulated, and methodologies available to measure mitochondrial reactive oxygen species. Importantly, we highlight key experimental issues to be considered when studying the role of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species in insulin resistance. Evaluating the available literature on both mitochondrial reactive oxygen species/redox state and insulin resistance in a variety of biological systems, we conclude that the weight of evidence suggests a likely role for mitochondrial reactive oxygen species in the etiology of insulin resistance in adipose tissue and skeletal muscle. However, major limitations in the methods used to study reactive oxygen species in insulin resistance as well as the lack of data linking mitochondrial reactive oxygen species and cytosolic insulin signaling pathways are significant obstacles in proving the mechanistic link between these two processes. We provide a framework to guide future studies to provide stronger mechanistic information on the link between mitochondrial reactive oxygen species and insulin resistance as understanding the source, localization, nature, and quantity of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species, their targets and downstream signaling pathways may pave the way for important new therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anita Ayer
- Heart Research Institute, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Daniel J Fazakerley
- Metabolic Research Laboratory, Wellcome-Medical Research Council Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - David E James
- Charles Perkins Centre, Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia; School of Life and Environmental Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Roland Stocker
- Heart Research Institute, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia; School of Life and Environmental Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.
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46
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Macrophage membrane camouflaged reactive oxygen species responsive nanomedicine for efficiently inhibiting the vascular intimal hyperplasia. J Nanobiotechnology 2021; 19:374. [PMID: 34789284 PMCID: PMC8600790 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-021-01119-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intimal hyperplasia caused by vascular injury is an important pathological process of many vascular diseases, especially occlusive vascular disease. In recent years, Nano-drug delivery system has attracted a wide attention as a novel treatment strategy, but there are still some challenges such as high clearance rate and insufficient targeting. RESULTS In this study, we report a biomimetic ROS-responsive MM@PCM/RAP nanoparticle coated with macrophage membrane. The macrophage membrane with the innate "homing" capacity can superiorly regulate the recruitment of MM@PCM/RAP to inflammatory lesion to enhance target efficacy, and can also disguise MM@PCM/RAP nanoparticle as the autologous cell to avoid clearance by the immune system. In addition, MM@PCM/RAP can effectively improve the solubility of rapamycin and respond to the high concentration level of ROS accumulated in pathological lesion for controlling local cargo release, thereby increasing drug availability and reducing toxic side effects. CONCLUSIONS Our findings validate that the rational design, biomimetic nanoparticles MM@PCM/RAP, can effectively inhibit the pathological process of intimal injury with excellent biocompatibility.
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Villegas L, Nørremølle A, Freude K, Vilhardt F. Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide Phosphate Oxidases Are Everywhere in Brain Disease, but Not in Huntington's Disease? Front Aging Neurosci 2021; 13:736734. [PMID: 34803655 PMCID: PMC8602359 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2021.736734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Accepted: 10/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Huntington's disease (HD) is an inherited neurodegenerative disorder characterized by neuronal loss and tissue atrophy mainly in the striatum and cortex. In the early stages of the disease, impairment of neuronal function, synaptic dysfunction and white matter loss precedes neuronal death itself. Relative to other neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease and Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis, where the effects of either microglia or NADPH oxidases (NOXs) are recognized as important contributors to disease pathogenesis and progression, there is a pronounced lack of information in HD. This information void contrasts with evidence from human HD patients where blood monocytes and microglia are activated well before HD clinical symptoms (PET scans), and the clear signs of oxidative stress and inflammation in post mortem HD brain. Habitually, NOX activity and oxidative stress in the central nervous system (CNS) are equated with microglia, but research of the last two decades has carved out important roles for NOX enzyme function in neurons. Here, we will convey recent information about the function of NOX enzymes in neurons, and contemplate on putative roles of neuronal NOX in HD. We will focus on NOX-produced reactive oxygen species (ROS) as redox signaling molecules in/among neurons, and the specific roles of NOXs in important processes such as neurogenesis and lineage specification, neurite outgrowth and growth cone dynamics, and synaptic plasticity where NMDAR-dependent signaling, and long-term depression/potentiation are redox-regulated phenomena. HD animal models and induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) studies have made it clear that the very same physiological processes are also affected in HD, and we will speculate on possible roles for NOX in the pathogenesis and development of disease. Finally, we also take into account the limited information on microglia in HD and relate this to any contribution of NOX enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luisana Villegas
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Anne Nørremølle
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Kristine Freude
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Frederik Vilhardt
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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48
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Noble A, Guille M, Cobley JN. ALISA: A microplate assay to measure protein thiol redox state. Free Radic Biol Med 2021; 174:272-280. [PMID: 34418513 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2021.08.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2021] [Revised: 08/11/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Measuring protein thiol redox state is central to understanding redox signalling in health and disease. The lack of a microplate assay to measure target specific protein thiol redox state rate-limits progress on accessibility grounds: redox proteomics is inaccessible to most. Developing a microplate assay is important for accelerating discovery by widening access to protein thiol redox biology. Beyond accessibility, enabling high throughput time- and cost-efficient microplate analysis is important. To meet the pressing need for a microplate assay to measure protein thiol redox state, we present the Antibody-Linked Oxi-State Assay (ALISA). ALISA uses a covalently bound capture antibody to bind a thiol-reactive fluorescent conjugated maleimide (F-MAL) decorated target. The capture antibody-target complex is labelled with an amine-reactive fluorescent N-hydroxysuccinimide ester (F-NHS) to report total protein. The covalent bonds that immobilise the capture antibody to the epoxy group functionalised microplate enable one to selectively elute the target. Target specific redox state is ratiometrically calculated as: F-MAL (i.e., reversible thiol oxidation)/F-NHS (i.e., total protein). After validating the assay principle (i.e., increased target specific reversible thiol oxidation increases the ratio), we used ALISA to determine whether fertilisation-a fundamental biological process-changes Akt, a serine/threonine protein kinase, specific reversible thiol oxidation. Fertilisation significantly decreases Akt specific reversible thiol oxidation in Xenopus laevis 2-cell zygotes compared to unfertilised eggs. ALISA is an accessible microplate assay to advance knowledge of protein thiol redox biology in health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Noble
- European Xenopus Resource Centre, Portsmouth University, Portsmouth, PO1 2DY, UK
| | - Matthew Guille
- European Xenopus Resource Centre, Portsmouth University, Portsmouth, PO1 2DY, UK
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49
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Shi Y, Fu L, Yang J, Carroll KS. Wittig reagents for chemoselective sulfenic acid ligation enables global site stoichiometry analysis and redox-controlled mitochondrial targeting. Nat Chem 2021; 13:1140-1150. [PMID: 34531572 DOI: 10.1038/s41557-021-00767-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2020] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Triphenylphosphonium ylides, known as Wittig reagents, are one of the most commonly used tools in synthetic chemistry. Despite their considerable versatility, Wittig reagents have not yet been explored for their utility in biological applications. Here we introduce a chemoselective ligation reaction that harnesses the reactivity of Wittig reagents and the unique chemical properties of sulfenic acid, a pivotal post-translational cysteine modification in redox biology. The reaction, which generates a covalent bond between the ylide nucleophilic α-carbon and electrophilic γ-sulfur, is highly selective, rapid and affords robust labelling under a range of biocompatible reaction conditions, which includes in living cells. We highlight the broad utility of this conjugation method to enable site-specific proteome-wide stoichiometry analysis of S-sulfenylation and to visualize redox-dependent changes in mitochondrial cysteine oxidation and redox-triggered triphenylphosphonium generation for the controlled delivery of small molecules to mitochondria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunlong Shi
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, Jupiter, FL, USA
| | - Ling Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, Beijing, China.,National Center for Protein Sciences-Beijing, Beijing, China.,Beijing Institute of Lifeomics, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, Beijing, China. .,National Center for Protein Sciences-Beijing, Beijing, China. .,Beijing Institute of Lifeomics, Beijing, China.
| | - Kate S Carroll
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, Jupiter, FL, USA.
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50
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Lennicke C, Cochemé HM. Redox metabolism: ROS as specific molecular regulators of cell signaling and function. Mol Cell 2021; 81:3691-3707. [PMID: 34547234 DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2021.08.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 357] [Impact Index Per Article: 119.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2021] [Revised: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 08/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Redox reactions are intrinsically linked to energy metabolism. Therefore, redox processes are indispensable for organismal physiology and life itself. The term reactive oxygen species (ROS) describes a set of distinct molecular oxygen derivatives produced during normal aerobic metabolism. Multiple ROS-generating and ROS-eliminating systems actively maintain the intracellular redox state, which serves to mediate redox signaling and regulate cellular functions. ROS, in particular hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), are able to reversibly oxidize critical, redox-sensitive cysteine residues on target proteins. These oxidative post-translational modifications (PTMs) can control the biological activity of numerous enzymes and transcription factors (TFs), as well as their cellular localization or interactions with binding partners. In this review, we describe the diverse roles of redox regulation in the context of physiological cellular metabolism and provide insights into the pathophysiology of diseases when redox homeostasis is dysregulated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Lennicke
- MRC London Institute of Medical Sciences, Du Cane Road, London W12 0NN, UK; Institute of Clinical Sciences, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, Du Cane Road, London W12 0NN, UK
| | - Helena M Cochemé
- MRC London Institute of Medical Sciences, Du Cane Road, London W12 0NN, UK; Institute of Clinical Sciences, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, Du Cane Road, London W12 0NN, UK.
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