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Zhu S, Duan R, Xu X, Sun F, Chen W, Wang F, Li S, Ye M, Zhou X, Cheng J, Wu Y, Liang H, Kono J, Li X, Liu Z, Wang QJ. Strong nonlinear optical processes with extraordinary polarization anisotropy in inversion-symmetry broken two-dimensional PdPSe. LIGHT, SCIENCE & APPLICATIONS 2024; 13:119. [PMID: 38802363 DOI: 10.1038/s41377-024-01474-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2024] [Revised: 05/03/2024] [Accepted: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
Nonlinear optical activities, especially second harmonic generation (SHG), are key phenomena in inversion-symmetry-broken two-dimensional (2D) transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs). On the other hand, anisotropic nonlinear optical processes are important for unique applications in nano-nonlinear photonic devices with polarization functions, having become one of focused research topics in the field of nonlinear photonics. However, the strong nonlinearity and strong optical anisotropy do not exist simultaneously in common 2D materials. Here, we demonstrate strong second-order and third-order susceptibilities of 64 pm/V and 6.2×10-19 m2/V2, respectively, in the even-layer PdPSe, which has not been discovered in other common TMDCs (e.g., MoS2). Strikingly, it also simultaneously exhibited strong SHG anisotropy with an anisotropic ratio of ~45, which is the largest reported among all 2D materials to date, to the best of our knowledge. In addition, the SHG anisotropy ratio can be harnessed from 0.12 to 45 (375 times) by varying the excitation wavelength due to the dispersion ofχ ( 2 ) values. As an illustrative example, we further demonstrate polarized SHG imaging for potential applications in crystal orientation identification and polarization-dependent spatial encoding. These findings in 2D PdPSe are promising for nonlinear nanophotonic and optoelectronic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Song Zhu
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 639798, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Ruihuan Duan
- School of Material Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 639798, Singapore, Singapore
- CINTRA CNRS/NTU/THALES, UMI 3288, Research Techno Plaza, Nanyang Technological University, 637371, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Xiaodong Xu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, 150001, Harbin, China
| | - Fangyuan Sun
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 639798, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Wenduo Chen
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 639798, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Fakun Wang
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 639798, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Siyuan Li
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 639798, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Ming Ye
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 639798, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Xin Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 117543, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jinluo Cheng
- GPL Photonics Lab, State Key Laboratory of Applied Optics, Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 130033, Changchun, China
| | - Yao Wu
- School of Material Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 639798, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Houkun Liang
- School of Electronics and Information Engineering, Sichuan University, 610064, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Junichiro Kono
- School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 637371, Singapore, Singapore
- Departments of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Physics and Astronomy, and Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Xingji Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, 150001, Harbin, China.
| | - Zheng Liu
- School of Material Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 639798, Singapore, Singapore.
- CINTRA CNRS/NTU/THALES, UMI 3288, Research Techno Plaza, Nanyang Technological University, 637371, Singapore, Singapore.
| | - Qi Jie Wang
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 639798, Singapore, Singapore.
- CINTRA CNRS/NTU/THALES, UMI 3288, Research Techno Plaza, Nanyang Technological University, 637371, Singapore, Singapore.
- School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 637371, Singapore, Singapore.
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2
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Vo T. Theory and simulation of ligand functionalized nanoparticles - a pedagogical overview. SOFT MATTER 2024; 20:3554-3576. [PMID: 38646950 DOI: 10.1039/d4sm00177j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
Synthesizing reconfigurable nanoscale synthons with predictive control over shape, size, and interparticle interactions is a holy grail of bottom-up self-assembly. Grand challenges in their rational design, however, lie in both the large space of experimental synthetic parameters and proper understanding of the molecular mechanisms governing their formation. As such, computational and theoretical tools for predicting and modeling building block interactions have grown to become integral in modern day self-assembly research. In this review, we provide an in-depth discussion of the current state-of-the-art strategies available for modeling ligand functionalized nanoparticles. We focus on the critical role of how ligand interactions and surface distributions impact the emergent, pre-programmed behaviors between neighboring particles. To help build insights into the underlying physics, we first define an "ideal" limit - the short ligand, "hard" sphere approximation - and discuss all experimental handles through the lens of perturbations about this reference point. Finally, we identify theories that are capable of bridging interparticle interactions to nanoscale self-assembly and conclude by discussing exciting new directions for this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thi Vo
- Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA.
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3
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Celano U, Schmidt D, Beitia C, Orji G, Davydov AV, Obeng Y. Metrology for 2D materials: a perspective review from the international roadmap for devices and systems. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2024; 6:2260-2269. [PMID: 38694454 PMCID: PMC11059534 DOI: 10.1039/d3na01148h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2023] [Accepted: 03/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/04/2024]
Abstract
The International Roadmap for Devices and Systems (IRDS) predicts the integration of 2D materials into high-volume manufacturing as channel materials within the next decade, primarily in ultra-scaled and low-power devices. While their widespread adoption in advanced chip manufacturing is evolving, the need for diverse characterization methods is clear. This is necessary to assess structural, electrical, compositional, and mechanical properties to control and optimize 2D materials in mass-produced devices. Although the lab-to-fab transition remains nascent and a universal metrology solution is yet to emerge, rapid community progress underscores the potential for significant advancements. This paper reviews current measurement capabilities, identifies gaps in essential metrology for CMOS-compatible 2D materials, and explores fundamental measurement science limitations when applying these techniques in high-volume semiconductor manufacturing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Umberto Celano
- School of Electrical, Computer and Energy Engineering, Arizona State University Tempe AZ 85287 USA
| | | | - Carlos Beitia
- Unity-SC 611 Rue Aristide Berges 38330 Montbonnot-Saint-Martin France
| | - George Orji
- National Institute of Standards and Technology 100 Bureau Drive Gaithersburg MD USA
| | - Albert V Davydov
- National Institute of Standards and Technology 100 Bureau Drive Gaithersburg MD USA
| | - Yaw Obeng
- National Institute of Standards and Technology 100 Bureau Drive Gaithersburg MD USA
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4
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Du Z, Song X, Liu W, Wang Z, Sha H, Xu Q, Zhou Y, Li Y, Luo J, Zhao S. Combining rigid and deformable groups to construct a robust birefringent crystal for compact polarization components. Sci Bull (Beijing) 2024:S2095-9273(24)00224-X. [PMID: 38599957 DOI: 10.1016/j.scib.2024.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Revised: 03/14/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
There is a pressing demand for the development of novel birefringent crystals tailored for compact optical components, especially for crystals exhibiting large birefringence across a range of temperatures. This has commonly been achieved by introducing various deformable groups with high polarizability anisotropy. In this study, we combined both rigid and deformable groups to synthesise a new birefringent crystal, Al2Te2MoO10, which demonstrates an exceptional birefringence value of 0.29@550 nm at room temperature. Not only is this higher birefringence than that of commercial crystals, but Al2Te2MoO10 exhibits excellent birefringence stability over a wide temperature range, from 123 to 503 K. In addition, the first-principles theory calculations and structural analyses suggest that although the rigid AlO6 groups do not make much contribution to the prominent birefringence, they nonetheless played a role in maintaining the structural anisotropy at elevated temperatures. Based on these findings, this paper proposes a novel structural design strategy to complement conventional approaches for developing optimal birefringent crystals under various environmental conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhipeng Du
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou 350002, China; College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China; Fujian College, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Xianyu Song
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou 350002, China; College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China; Fujian College, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Wei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou 350002, China; Fujian College, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Ziyi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou 350002, China; Fujian College, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Hongyuan Sha
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou 350002, China; Fujian College, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Qianting Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Yang Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou 350002, China; Fujian College, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Yanqiang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Junhua Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou 350002, China; Fujian College, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou 350002, China; Fujian Science and Technology Innovation Laboratory for Optoelectronic Information of China, Fuzhou 350108, China
| | - Sangen Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou 350002, China; Fujian College, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou 350002, China; Fujian Science and Technology Innovation Laboratory for Optoelectronic Information of China, Fuzhou 350108, China.
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5
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Zhao B, Ren G, Mei H, Wu VC, Singh S, Jung GY, Chen H, Giovine R, Niu S, Thind AS, Salman J, Settineri NS, Chakoumakos BC, Manley ME, Hermann RP, Lupini AR, Chi M, Hachtel JA, Simonov A, Teat SJ, Clément RJ, Kats MA, Ravichandran J, Mishra R. Giant Modulation of Refractive Index from Picoscale Atomic Displacements. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024:e2311559. [PMID: 38520395 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202311559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Revised: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/25/2024]
Abstract
It is shown that structural disorder-in the form of anisotropic, picoscale atomic displacements-modulates the refractive index tensor and results in the giant optical anisotropy observed in BaTiS3, a quasi-1D hexagonal chalcogenide. Single-crystal X-ray diffraction studies reveal the presence of antipolar displacements of Ti atoms within adjacent TiS6 chains along the c-axis, and threefold degenerate Ti displacements in the a-b plane. 47/49Ti solid-state NMR provides additional evidence for those Ti displacements in the form of a three-horned NMR lineshape resulting from a low symmetry local environment around Ti atoms. Scanning transmission electron microscopy is used to directly observe the globally disordered Ti a-b plane displacements and find them to be ordered locally over a few unit cells. First-principles calculations show that the Ti a-b plane displacements selectively reduce the refractive index along the ab-plane, while having minimal impact on the refractive index along the chain direction, thus resulting in a giant enhancement in the optical anisotropy. By showing a strong connection between structural disorder with picoscale displacements and the optical response in BaTiS3, this study opens a pathway for designing optical materials with high refractive index and functionalities such as large optical anisotropy and nonlinearity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boyang Zhao
- Mork Family Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA
| | - Guodong Ren
- Institute of Materials Science and Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, 63130, USA
| | - Hongyan Mei
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
| | - Vincent C Wu
- Materials Department and Materials Research Laboratory, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA, 93106, USA
| | - Shantanu Singh
- Mork Family Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA
| | - Gwan Yeong Jung
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, 63130, USA
| | - Huandong Chen
- Mork Family Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA
| | - Raynald Giovine
- Materials Department and Materials Research Laboratory, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA, 93106, USA
| | - Shanyuan Niu
- Mork Family Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA
- College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
| | - Arashdeep S Thind
- Institute of Materials Science and Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, 63130, USA
| | - Jad Salman
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
| | - Nick S Settineri
- Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Bryan C Chakoumakos
- Neutron Scattering Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831, USA
| | - Michael E Manley
- Materials Science and Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831, USA
| | - Raphael P Hermann
- Materials Science and Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831, USA
| | - Andrew R Lupini
- Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831, USA
| | - Miaofang Chi
- Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831, USA
| | - Jordan A Hachtel
- Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831, USA
| | - Arkadiy Simonov
- Department of Materials, ETH Zurich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1-5/10, Zürich, 8093, Switzerland
| | - Simon J Teat
- Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Raphaële J Clément
- Materials Department and Materials Research Laboratory, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA, 93106, USA
| | - Mikhail A Kats
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
| | - Jayakanth Ravichandran
- Mork Family Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA
- Ming Hsieh Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA
- Core Center of Excellence in Nano Imaging, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA
| | - Rohan Mishra
- Institute of Materials Science and Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, 63130, USA
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, 63130, USA
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6
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Slavich AS, Ermolaev GA, Tatmyshevskiy MK, Toksumakov AN, Matveeva OG, Grudinin DV, Voronin KV, Mazitov A, Kravtsov KV, Syuy AV, Tsymbarenko DM, Mironov MS, Novikov SM, Kruglov I, Ghazaryan DA, Vyshnevyy AA, Arsenin AV, Volkov VS, Novoselov KS. Exploring van der Waals materials with high anisotropy: geometrical and optical approaches. LIGHT, SCIENCE & APPLICATIONS 2024; 13:68. [PMID: 38453886 PMCID: PMC10920635 DOI: 10.1038/s41377-024-01407-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Revised: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
The emergence of van der Waals (vdW) materials resulted in the discovery of their high optical, mechanical, and electronic anisotropic properties, immediately enabling countless novel phenomena and applications. Such success inspired an intensive search for the highest possible anisotropic properties among vdW materials. Furthermore, the identification of the most promising among the huge family of vdW materials is a challenging quest requiring innovative approaches. Here, we suggest an easy-to-use method for such a survey based on the crystallographic geometrical perspective of vdW materials followed by their optical characterization. Using our approach, we found As2S3 as a highly anisotropic vdW material. It demonstrates high in-plane optical anisotropy that is ~20% larger than for rutile and over two times as large as calcite, high refractive index, and transparency in the visible range, overcoming the century-long record set by rutile. Given these benefits, As2S3 opens a pathway towards next-generation nanophotonics as demonstrated by an ultrathin true zero-order quarter-wave plate that combines classical and the Fabry-Pérot optical phase accumulations. Hence, our approach provides an effective and easy-to-use method to find vdW materials with the utmost anisotropic properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandr S Slavich
- Moscow Center for Advanced Studies, Kulakova str. 20, Moscow, 123592, Russia
| | - Georgy A Ermolaev
- Emerging Technologies Research Center, XPANCEO, Internet City, Emmay Tower, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | | | - Adilet N Toksumakov
- Moscow Center for Advanced Studies, Kulakova str. 20, Moscow, 123592, Russia
| | - Olga G Matveeva
- Moscow Center for Advanced Studies, Kulakova str. 20, Moscow, 123592, Russia
| | - Dmitriy V Grudinin
- Emerging Technologies Research Center, XPANCEO, Internet City, Emmay Tower, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Kirill V Voronin
- Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC), Donostia/San-Sebastián, 20018, Spain
| | - Arslan Mazitov
- Institute of Materials, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | | | - Alexander V Syuy
- Emerging Technologies Research Center, XPANCEO, Internet City, Emmay Tower, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Dmitry M Tsymbarenko
- Department of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - Mikhail S Mironov
- Emerging Technologies Research Center, XPANCEO, Internet City, Emmay Tower, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Sergey M Novikov
- Moscow Center for Advanced Studies, Kulakova str. 20, Moscow, 123592, Russia
| | - Ivan Kruglov
- Emerging Technologies Research Center, XPANCEO, Internet City, Emmay Tower, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Davit A Ghazaryan
- Moscow Center for Advanced Studies, Kulakova str. 20, Moscow, 123592, Russia
- Laboratory of Advanced Functional Materials, Yerevan State University, Yerevan, 0025, Armenia
| | - Andrey A Vyshnevyy
- Emerging Technologies Research Center, XPANCEO, Internet City, Emmay Tower, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Aleksey V Arsenin
- Emerging Technologies Research Center, XPANCEO, Internet City, Emmay Tower, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
- Laboratory of Advanced Functional Materials, Yerevan State University, Yerevan, 0025, Armenia
| | - Valentyn S Volkov
- Emerging Technologies Research Center, XPANCEO, Internet City, Emmay Tower, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
- Laboratory of Advanced Functional Materials, Yerevan State University, Yerevan, 0025, Armenia
| | - Kostya S Novoselov
- National Graphene Institute (NGI), University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK.
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 03-09 EA, Singapore.
- Institute for Functional Intelligent Materials, National University of Singapore, 117544, Singapore, Singapore.
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7
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Ermolaev GA, Voronin KV, Toksumakov AN, Grudinin DV, Fradkin IM, Mazitov A, Slavich AS, Tatmyshevskiy MK, Yakubovsky DI, Solovey VR, Kirtaev RV, Novikov SM, Zhukova ES, Kruglov I, Vyshnevyy AA, Baranov DG, Ghazaryan DA, Arsenin AV, Martin-Moreno L, Volkov VS, Novoselov KS. Wandering principal optical axes in van der Waals triclinic materials. Nat Commun 2024; 15:1552. [PMID: 38448442 PMCID: PMC10918091 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-45266-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Nature is abundant in material platforms with anisotropic permittivities arising from symmetry reduction that feature a variety of extraordinary optical effects. Principal optical axes are essential characteristics for these effects that define light-matter interaction. Their orientation - an orthogonal Cartesian basis that diagonalizes the permittivity tensor, is often assumed stationary. Here, we show that the low-symmetry triclinic crystalline structure of van der Waals rhenium disulfide and rhenium diselenide is characterized by wandering principal optical axes in the space-wavelength domain with above π/2 degree of rotation for in-plane components. In turn, this leads to wavelength-switchable propagation directions of their waveguide modes. The physical origin of wandering principal optical axes is explained using a multi-exciton phenomenological model and ab initio calculations. We envision that the wandering principal optical axes of the investigated low-symmetry triclinic van der Waals crystals offer a platform for unexplored anisotropic phenomena and nanophotonic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgy A Ermolaev
- Emerging Technologies Research Center, XPANCEO, Dubai Investment Park First, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Kirill V Voronin
- Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC), Donostia/San Sebastián, 20018, Spain
| | - Adilet N Toksumakov
- Moscow Center for Advanced Studies, Kulakova str. 20, Moscow, 123592, Russia
| | - Dmitriy V Grudinin
- Emerging Technologies Research Center, XPANCEO, Dubai Investment Park First, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Ilia M Fradkin
- Emerging Technologies Research Center, XPANCEO, Dubai Investment Park First, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Arslan Mazitov
- Institute of Materials, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Aleksandr S Slavich
- Moscow Center for Advanced Studies, Kulakova str. 20, Moscow, 123592, Russia
| | | | - Dmitry I Yakubovsky
- Moscow Center for Advanced Studies, Kulakova str. 20, Moscow, 123592, Russia
| | - Valentin R Solovey
- Emerging Technologies Research Center, XPANCEO, Dubai Investment Park First, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Roman V Kirtaev
- Emerging Technologies Research Center, XPANCEO, Dubai Investment Park First, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Sergey M Novikov
- Moscow Center for Advanced Studies, Kulakova str. 20, Moscow, 123592, Russia
| | - Elena S Zhukova
- Moscow Center for Advanced Studies, Kulakova str. 20, Moscow, 123592, Russia
| | - Ivan Kruglov
- Emerging Technologies Research Center, XPANCEO, Dubai Investment Park First, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Andrey A Vyshnevyy
- Emerging Technologies Research Center, XPANCEO, Dubai Investment Park First, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Denis G Baranov
- Moscow Center for Advanced Studies, Kulakova str. 20, Moscow, 123592, Russia
| | - Davit A Ghazaryan
- Moscow Center for Advanced Studies, Kulakova str. 20, Moscow, 123592, Russia
- Laboratory of Advanced Functional Materials, Yerevan State University, Yerevan, 0025, Armenia
| | - Aleksey V Arsenin
- Emerging Technologies Research Center, XPANCEO, Dubai Investment Park First, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
- Laboratory of Advanced Functional Materials, Yerevan State University, Yerevan, 0025, Armenia
| | - Luis Martin-Moreno
- Instituto de Nanociencia y Materiales de Aragón (INMA), CSIC-Universidad de Zaragoza, 50009, Zaragoza, Spain
- Departamento de Física de la Materia Condensada, Universidad de Zaragoza, 50009, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Valentyn S Volkov
- Emerging Technologies Research Center, XPANCEO, Dubai Investment Park First, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
- Laboratory of Advanced Functional Materials, Yerevan State University, Yerevan, 0025, Armenia
| | - Kostya S Novoselov
- National Graphene Institute (NGI), University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK.
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 03-09, Singapore.
- Institute for Functional Intelligent Materials, National University of Singapore, 117544, Singapore, Singapore.
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8
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Huang W, Song X, Li Y, Zhou Y, Xu Q, Song Y, Wang H, Li M, Zhao S, Luo J. Designing a Hybrid Perovskite with Enlarged Birefringence and Bandgap for Modulation of Light Polarization. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2306158. [PMID: 37863830 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202306158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Revised: 10/01/2023] [Indexed: 10/22/2023]
Abstract
Birefringent crystals have important applications in optoelectronics areas due to their ability to modulate and polarize light. Despite increasing discovery of the birefringence potential of new crystals, it remains a great challenge to optimize both birefringence and bandgap simultaneously. Herein, a 1D chain-like hybrid perovskite birefringent crystal designed by 3D-to-1D dimensional tailoring, (GAM)2 PbI7 ·H2 O (GAM = C5 N10 H10 ), is presented, showing enlarged birefringence of 0.49@550 nm and enlarged optical bandgap (2.48 eV). Consequently, the birefringent quality factor of (GAM)2 PbI7 ·H2 O is up to 2.8 times that of the template MAPbI3 . In particular, the birefringence is much larger than those of commercial birefringent crystals and surpasses that of the vast majority of hybrid perovskite known to date. Theoretical calculations reveal that the strongly anisotropic arrangement of (GAM)2.5+ π-conjugated cations and ordered PbI6 octahedra contributes to the large birefringence and wide bandgap of (GAM)2 PbI7 ·H2 O. It is believed that this work will provide a new pathway toward the rational design and synthesis of hybrid perovskite birefringent crystals for compact wide-bandgap polarization dependent devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiqi Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, China
| | - Xianyu Song
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, China
| | - Yanqiang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, China
| | - Yang Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, China
| | - Qianting Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, China
| | - Yipeng Song
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, China
| | - Han Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, China
| | - Minjuan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, China
| | - Sangen Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, China
- Fujian Science & Technology Innovation Laboratory for Optoelectronic Information of China, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350108, China
| | - Junhua Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, China
- Fujian Science & Technology Innovation Laboratory for Optoelectronic Information of China, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350108, China
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9
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Mooshammer F, Xu X, Trovatello C, Peng ZH, Yang B, Amontree J, Zhang S, Hone J, Dean CR, Schuck PJ, Basov DN. Enabling Waveguide Optics in Rhombohedral-Stacked Transition Metal Dichalcogenides with Laser-Patterned Grating Couplers. ACS NANO 2024; 18:4118-4130. [PMID: 38261768 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c08522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2024]
Abstract
Waveguides play a key role in the implementation of on-chip optical elements and, therefore, lie at the heart of integrated photonics. To add the functionalities of layered materials to existing technologies, dedicated fabrication protocols are required. Here, we build on laser writing to pattern grating structures into bulk noncentrosymmetric transition metal dichalcogenides with grooves as sharp as 250 nm. Using thin flakes of 3R-MoS2 that act as waveguides for near-infrared light, we demonstrate the functionality of the grating couplers with two complementary experiments: first, nano-optical imaging is used to visualize transverse electric and magnetic modes, whose directional outcoupling is captured by finite element simulations. Second, waveguide second-harmonic generation is demonstrated by grating-coupling femtosecond pulses into the slabs in which the radiation partially undergoes frequency doubling throughout the propagation. Our work provides a straightforward strategy for laser patterning of van der Waals crystals, demonstrates the feasibility of compact frequency converters, and examines the tuning knobs that enable optimized coupling into layered waveguides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabian Mooshammer
- Department of Physics, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States
- Department of Physics, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Xinyi Xu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States
| | - Chiara Trovatello
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States
| | - Zhi Hao Peng
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States
| | - Birui Yang
- Department of Physics, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States
| | - Jacob Amontree
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States
| | - Shuai Zhang
- Department of Physics, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States
| | - James Hone
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States
| | - Cory R Dean
- Department of Physics, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States
| | - P James Schuck
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States
| | - D N Basov
- Department of Physics, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States
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10
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Wong LW, Yang K, Han W, Zheng X, Wong HY, Tsang CS, Lee CS, Lau SP, Ly TH, Yang M, Zhao J. Deciphering the ultra-high plasticity in metal monochalcogenides. NATURE MATERIALS 2024; 23:196-204. [PMID: 38191634 DOI: 10.1038/s41563-023-01788-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024]
Abstract
The quest for electronic devices that offer flexibility, wearability, durability and high performance has spotlighted two-dimensional (2D) van der Waals materials as potential next-generation semiconductors. Especially noteworthy is indium selenide, which has demonstrated surprising ultra-high plasticity. To deepen our understanding of this unusual plasticity in 2D van der Waals materials and to explore inorganic plastic semiconductors, we have conducted in-depth experimental and theoretical investigations on metal monochalcogenides (MX) and transition metal dichalcogenides (MX2). We have discovered a general plastic deformation mode in MX, which is facilitated by the synergetic effect of phase transitions, interlayer gliding and micro-cracks. This is in contrast to crystals with strong atomic bonding, such as metals and ceramics, where plasticity is primarily driven by dislocations, twinning or grain boundaries. The enhancement of gliding barriers prevents macroscopic fractures through a pinning effect after changes in stacking order. The discovery of ultra-high plasticity and the phase transition mechanism in 2D MX materials holds significant potential for the design and development of high-performance inorganic plastic semiconductors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lok Wing Wong
- Department of Applied Physics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
- The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, China
| | - Ke Yang
- Department of Applied Physics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
- The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, China
| | - Wei Han
- Department of Applied Physics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
- The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xiaodong Zheng
- Department of Applied Physics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
- The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, China
| | - Hok Yin Wong
- Department of Applied Physics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
- The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, China
| | - Chi Shing Tsang
- Department of Applied Physics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
- The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, China
| | - Chun-Sing Lee
- Department of Chemistry and Center of Super-Diamond and Advanced Films (COSDAF), City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Shu Ping Lau
- Department of Applied Physics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Thuc Hue Ly
- Department of Chemistry and Center of Super-Diamond and Advanced Films (COSDAF), City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China.
- Department of Chemistry and State Key Laboratory of Marine Pollution, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China.
- City University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, China.
| | - Ming Yang
- Department of Applied Physics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China.
- The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, China.
| | - Jiong Zhao
- Department of Applied Physics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China.
- The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, China.
- The Research Institute for Advanced Manufacturing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China.
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11
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Polyanskiy MN. Refractiveindex.info database of optical constants. Sci Data 2024; 11:94. [PMID: 38238330 PMCID: PMC10796781 DOI: 10.1038/s41597-023-02898-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2024] Open
Abstract
We introduce the refractiveindex.info database, a comprehensive open-source repository containing optical constants for a wide array of materials, and describe in detail the underlying dataset. This collection, derived from a meticulous compilation of data sourced from peer-reviewed publications, manufacturers' datasheets, and authoritative texts, aims to advance research in optics and photonics. The data is stored using a YAML-based format, ensuring integrity, consistency, and ease of access. Each record is accompanied by detailed metadata, facilitating a comprehensive understanding and efficient utilization of the data. In this descriptor, we outline the data curation protocols and the file format used for data records, and briefly demonstrate how the data can be organized in a user-friendly fashion akin to the books in a traditional library.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikhail N Polyanskiy
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Accelerator Test Facility, Upton, NY, 11973, USA.
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12
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Mondal S, Basak D. Excitonic Rydberg States in a Trilayer to Monolayer H 2-Aided CVD-Grown Large-Area MoS 2 Film with Excellent UV to Visible Broad Band Photodetection Applications. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:2940-2953. [PMID: 38176105 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c15655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
The diverse nature of optoelectronic properties of few-layer or monolayer MoS2 is generally dominated by A and B excitons. Occasionally, strong Coulombic interactions within the 2D monolayer led to the creation of hydrogen-like Rydberg states of excitons in MoS2 similar to other 2D monolayers. In this paper, a simple process is used to convert trilayer MoS2 films to a monolayer by introducing H2 gas during chemical vapor deposition. Remarkably, alongside the usual A, B excitons, and A- trion, the appearance of the Rydberg states is evidenced by photoluminescence spectra even at room temperature; also, there is an increase in their areal percentage with an increase in H2 content. The s-type excited Rydberg states up to the fourth order (n = 5) and third order (n = 4) of A and B excitons, respectively, have been probed from the photoluminescence spectra at 93 K. Unprecedentedly, the first-order derivative of room-temperature photocurrent spectrum reveals the Rydberg states concurrently and elaboratively. Furthermore, the large-area MoS2 films exhibit photoresponse in a broad UV to visible region with excellent photosensitivity (∼102) toward both UV and visible lights. Not only does this provide a profound understanding of the excitonic Rydberg states but also highlights the considerable potential of large-area monolayer MoS2 overcoming the difficulty of tiny flake-related 2D device endeavors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sourav Mondal
- School of Physical Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Durga Basak
- School of Physical Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India
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13
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Linares-Moreau M, Brandner LA, Velásquez-Hernández MDJ, Fonseca J, Benseghir Y, Chin JM, Maspoch D, Doonan C, Falcaro P. Fabrication of Oriented Polycrystalline MOF Superstructures. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2309645. [PMID: 38018327 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202309645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Revised: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 11/30/2023]
Abstract
The field of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) has progressed beyond the design and exploration of powdery and single-crystalline materials. A current challenge is the fabrication of organized superstructures that can harness the directional properties of the individual constituent MOF crystals. To date, the progress in the fabrication methods of polycrystalline MOF superstructures has led to close-packed structures with defined crystalline orientation. By controlling the crystalline orientation, the MOF pore channels of the constituent crystals can be aligned along specific directions: these systems possess anisotropic properties including enhanced diffusion along specific directions, preferential orientation of guest species, and protection of functional guests. In this perspective, we discuss the current status of MOF research in the fabrication of oriented polycrystalline superstructures focusing on the specific crystalline directions of orientation. Three methods are examined in detail: the assembly from colloidal MOF solutions, the use of external fields for the alignment of MOF particles, and the heteroepitaxial ceramic-to-MOF growth. This perspective aims at promoting the progress of this field of research and inspiring the development of new protocols for the preparation of MOF systems with oriented pore channels, to enable advanced MOF-based devices with anisotropic properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mercedes Linares-Moreau
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Graz University of Technology, Graz, 8010, Austria
| | - Lea A Brandner
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Graz University of Technology, Graz, 8010, Austria
| | | | - Javier Fonseca
- Catalan Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2), CSIC and The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Campus UAB, Bellaterra, Barcelona, 08193, Spain
| | - Youven Benseghir
- Faculty of Chemistry, Institute of Functional Materials and Catalysis, University of Vienna, Währingerstr. 42, Vienna, A-1090, Austria
| | - Jia Min Chin
- Faculty of Chemistry, Institute of Functional Materials and Catalysis, University of Vienna, Währingerstr. 42, Vienna, A-1090, Austria
| | - Daniel Maspoch
- Catalan Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2), CSIC and The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Campus UAB, Bellaterra, Barcelona, 08193, Spain
- Departament de Química, Facultat de Ciències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Cerdanyola del Vallès, Barcelona, 08193, Spain
- ICREA, Pg. Lluís Companys 23, Barcelona, 08010, Spain
| | - Christian Doonan
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, 5005, Australia
| | - Paolo Falcaro
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Graz University of Technology, Graz, 8010, Austria
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14
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Panova DA, Tselikov GI, Ermolaev GA, Syuy AV, Zimbovskii DS, Kapitanova OO, Yakubovsky DI, Mazitov AB, Kruglov IA, Vyshnevyy AA, Arsenin AV, Volkov VS. Broadband optical properties of Ti 3C 2 MXene revisited. OPTICS LETTERS 2024; 49:25-28. [PMID: 38134143 DOI: 10.1364/ol.503636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023]
Abstract
The exceptional optical, electrical, and mechanical capabilities of layered transition metal carbides, nitrides, and carbonitrides, called MXenes, revolutionized materials science. Among them, Ti3C2 received the most attention owing to the developed synthesis and processing methods, high conductivity, and pronounced plasmonic response. The latter, however, remains controversial with the open question of whether the peak around 800 nm has plasmonic or interband transition origin. To address this issue, we combine spectroscopic ellipsometry and transmittance results with first-principle computations. Their combination reveals that although Ti3C2 is a metal, its optical response becomes plasmonic (Re ε < 0) above 1415 nm, in contrast to the previous understanding. In addition to fundamental significance, this dual dielectric/plasmonic optical response opens a path for theranostic applications, as we demonstrated on the example of Ti3C2 nanospheres. Thus, our study revisits broadband (300-3300 nm) optical constants of Ti3C2 and broadens its application scope in photonics.
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15
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Prokhorov AV, Gubin MY, Shesterikov AV, Arsenin AV, Volkov VS, Evlyukhin AB. Lasing Effect in Symmetrical van der Waals Heterostructured Metasurfaces Due to Lattice-Induced Multipole Coupling. NANO LETTERS 2023; 23:11105-11111. [PMID: 38029331 PMCID: PMC10880088 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.3c03522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Revised: 11/19/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
New practical ways to reach the lasing effect in symmetrical metasurfaces have been developed and theoretically demonstrated. Our approach is based on excitation of the resonance of an octupole quasi-trapped mode (OQTM) in heterostructured symmetrical metasurfaces composed of monolithic disk-shaped van der Waals meta-atoms featured by thin photoluminescent layers and placed on a substrate. We revealed that the coincidence of the photoluminescence spectrum maximum of these layers with the wavelength of high-quality OQTM resonance leads to the lasing effect. Based on the solution of laser rate equations and direct full-wave simulation, it was shown that lasing is normally oriented to the metasurface plane and occurs from the entire area of metasurface consisting of MoS2/hBN/MoTe2 disks with line width of generated emission of only about 1.4 nm near the wavelength 1140 nm. This opens up new practical possibilities for creating surface emitting laser devices in subwavelength material systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexei V. Prokhorov
- Emerging
Technologies Research Center, XPANCEO, Dubai 00000, United Arab Emirates
| | - Mikhail Yu. Gubin
- Emerging
Technologies Research Center, XPANCEO, Dubai 00000, United Arab Emirates
| | | | - Aleksey V. Arsenin
- Emerging
Technologies Research Center, XPANCEO, Dubai 00000, United Arab Emirates
| | - Valentyn S. Volkov
- Emerging
Technologies Research Center, XPANCEO, Dubai 00000, United Arab Emirates
| | - Andrey B. Evlyukhin
- Institute
of Quantum Optics, Leibniz Universität
Hannover, Hannover 30167, Germany
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16
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Luo Y, Su W, Chen F, Wu K, Zeng Y, Lu HW. Observation of Strong Anisotropic Interlayer Excitons. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:54808-54817. [PMID: 37975532 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c12429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
Anisotropic interlayer excitons had been theoretically predicted to exist in two-dimensional (2D) anisotropy/isotropy van der Waals heterojunctions. However, experimental results consolidating the theoretical prediction and exploring the related anisotropic optoelectronic response have not been reported so far. Herein, strong photoluminescence (PL) of anisotropic interlayer excitons is observed in a symmetric anisotropy/isotropy/anisotropy heterojunction exemplified by 3L-ReS2/1L-MoS2/3L-ReS2 using monolayer (1L) MoS2 and trilayer (3L) ReS2 as components. Sharp interlayer exciton PL peaks centered at ∼1.64, ∼1.61, and ∼1.57 eV are only observed at low temperatures of ≤120 K and become more pronounced as the temperature decreases. These interlayer excitons exhibit strong anisotropic PL intensity variations with periodicities of 180° as functions of the incident laser polarization angles. The polarization ratios of these interlayer excitons are calculated to be 1.33-1.45. Our study gives new insight into the manipulation of excitons in 2D materials and paves a new way for a rational design of novel anisotropic optoelectronic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Luo
- School of Sciences, Hangzhou Dianzi University, 310018 Hangzhou, China
| | - Weitao Su
- School of Sciences, Hangzhou Dianzi University, 310018 Hangzhou, China
| | - Fei Chen
- College of Materials and Environmental Engineering, Hangzhou Dianzi University, 310018 Hangzhou, China
| | - Ke Wu
- School of Sciences, Hangzhou Dianzi University, 310018 Hangzhou, China
| | - Yijie Zeng
- School of Sciences, Hangzhou Dianzi University, 310018 Hangzhou, China
| | - Hong-Wei Lu
- School of Sciences, Hangzhou Dianzi University, 310018 Hangzhou, China
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17
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Wang Z, Chen X, Song Y, Du Z, Zhou Y, Li M, Huang W, Xu Q, Li Y, Zhao S, Luo J. A Two-Dimensional Hybrid Perovskite With Heat Switching Birefringence. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202311086. [PMID: 37766424 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202311086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 09/23/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
Birefringent crystals that can switch light polarization have important applications in optoelectronics. In the last decades, birefringence is mostly optimized by chemical strategies. Recently, switching birefringence by physical means has attracted much attention. Here, this work reports the observation of heat switching birefringence in a 2D layered hybrid halide perovskite (C2 N3 H4 )2 PbCl4 ((C2 N3 H4 )+ =1,2,4-triazolium). This heat switching birefringence leads to a significant change in the interference color for the crystal plate under the illumination of orthogonal polarized light. Structure analyses reveal a heat dependent structure transition in (C2 N3 H4 )2 PbCl4 , whose birefringence is switched by the change in the distortion degree of PbCl6 octahedron. This discovery may be beneficial to the further development of stimuli-responsive polarization optical devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 350002, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Xu Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 350002, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Yipeng Song
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 350002, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Zhipeng Du
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 350002, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Yang Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 350002, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Minjuan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 350002, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Weiqi Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 350002, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Qianting Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 350002, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Yanqiang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 350002, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Sangen Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 350002, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
- Fujian Science and Technology Innovation Laboratory for Optoelectronic Information of China, 350108, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Junhua Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 350002, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
- Fujian Science and Technology Innovation Laboratory for Optoelectronic Information of China, 350108, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
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18
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Moazzami Gudarzi M, Aboutalebi SH. Reassessing the existence of soft X-ray correlated plasmons. Nat Commun 2023; 14:6753. [PMID: 37875499 PMCID: PMC10598222 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-39324-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 06/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/26/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Mohsen Moazzami Gudarzi
- National Graphene Institute, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.
- Department of Materials, School of Natural Sciences, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.
| | - Seyed Hamed Aboutalebi
- Condensed Matter National Laboratory, Institute for Research in Fundamental Sciences, Tehran, 19395-5531, Iran
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19
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Feng Y, Chen R, He J, Qi L, Zhang Y, Sun T, Zhu X, Liu W, Ma W, Shen W, Hu C, Sun X, Li D, Zhang R, Li P, Li S. Visible to mid-infrared giant in-plane optical anisotropy in ternary van der Waals crystals. Nat Commun 2023; 14:6739. [PMID: 37875483 PMCID: PMC10598000 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-42567-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Birefringence is at the heart of photonic applications. Layered van der Waals materials inherently support considerable out-of-plane birefringence. However, funnelling light into their small nanoscale area parallel to its out-of-plane optical axis remains challenging. Thus far, the lack of large in-plane birefringence has been a major roadblock hindering their applications. Here, we introduce the presence of broadband, low-loss, giant birefringence in a biaxial van der Waals materials Ta2NiS5, spanning an ultrawide-band from visible to mid-infrared wavelengths of 0.3-16 μm. The in-plane birefringence Δn ≈ 2 and 0.5 in the visible and mid-infrared ranges is one of the highest among van der Waals materials known to date. Meanwhile, the real-space propagating waveguide modes in Ta2NiS5 show strong in-plane anisotropy with a long propagation length (>20 μm) in the mid-infrared range. Our work may promote next-generation broadband and ultracompact integrated photonics based on van der Waals materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanze Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescence and Applications, Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin, 130033, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Runkun Chen
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics & School of Optical and Electronic Information, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Junbo He
- Department of Optical Science and Engineering, Shanghai Frontiers Science Research Base of Intelligent Optoelectronics and Proception, Institute of Optoelectronics, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Liujian Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescence and Applications, Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin, 130033, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Yanan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescence and Applications, Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin, 130033, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Tian Sun
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics & School of Optical and Electronic Information, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Xudan Zhu
- Department of Optical Science and Engineering, Shanghai Frontiers Science Research Base of Intelligent Optoelectronics and Proception, Institute of Optoelectronics, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Weiming Liu
- Department of Optical Science and Engineering, Shanghai Frontiers Science Research Base of Intelligent Optoelectronics and Proception, Institute of Optoelectronics, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Weiliang Ma
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics & School of Optical and Electronic Information, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Wanfu Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Measuring Technology and Instruments, Tianjin University, Weijin Road 92, Nankai District, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Chunguang Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Measuring Technology and Instruments, Tianjin University, Weijin Road 92, Nankai District, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Xiaojuan Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescence and Applications, Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin, 130033, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Dabing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescence and Applications, Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin, 130033, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Beijing, 100049, China.
| | - Rongjun Zhang
- Department of Optical Science and Engineering, Shanghai Frontiers Science Research Base of Intelligent Optoelectronics and Proception, Institute of Optoelectronics, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China.
| | - Peining Li
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics & School of Optical and Electronic Information, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China.
| | - Shaojuan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescence and Applications, Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin, 130033, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Beijing, 100049, China.
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20
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Mei H, Ren G, Zhao B, Salman J, Jung GY, Chen H, Singh S, Thind AS, Cavin J, Hachtel JA, Chi M, Niu S, Joe G, Wan C, Settineri N, Teat SJ, Chakoumakos BC, Ravichandran J, Mishra R, Kats MA. Colossal Optical Anisotropy from Atomic-Scale Modulations. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2303588. [PMID: 37529860 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202303588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Revised: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/03/2023]
Abstract
Materials with large birefringence (Δn, where n is the refractive index) are sought after for polarization control (e.g., in wave plates, polarizing beam splitters, etc.), nonlinear optics, micromanipulation, and as a platform for unconventional light-matter coupling, such as hyperbolic phonon polaritons. Layered 2D materials can feature some of the largest optical anisotropy; however, their use in most optical systems is limited because their optical axis is out of the plane of the layers and the layers are weakly attached. This work demonstrates that a bulk crystal with subtle periodic modulations in its structure-Sr9/8 TiS3 -is transparent and positive-uniaxial, with extraordinary index ne = 4.5 and ordinary index no = 2.4 in the mid- to far-infrared. The excess Sr, compared to stoichiometric SrTiS3 , results in the formation of TiS6 trigonal-prismatic units that break the chains of face-sharing TiS6 octahedra in SrTiS3 into periodic blocks of five TiS6 octahedral units. The additional electrons introduced by the excess Sr form highly oriented electron clouds, which selectively boost the extraordinary index ne and result in record birefringence (Δn > 2.1 with low loss). The connection between subtle structural modulations and large changes in refractive index suggests new categories of anisotropic materials and also tunable optical materials with large refractive-index modulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyan Mei
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
| | - Guodong Ren
- Institute of Materials Science and Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, 63130, USA
| | - Boyang Zhao
- Mork Family Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA
| | - Jad Salman
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
| | - Gwan Yeong Jung
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Material Science, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, 63130, USA
| | - Huandong Chen
- Mork Family Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA
| | - Shantanu Singh
- Mork Family Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA
| | - Arashdeep S Thind
- Institute of Materials Science and Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, 63130, USA
| | - John Cavin
- Department of Physics, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, 63130, USA
| | - Jordan A Hachtel
- Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831, USA
| | - Miaofang Chi
- Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831, USA
| | - Shanyuan Niu
- Mork Family Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA
| | - Graham Joe
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
| | - Chenghao Wan
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
| | - Nick Settineri
- Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Simon J Teat
- Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Bryan C Chakoumakos
- Neutron Scattering Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831, USA
| | - Jayakanth Ravichandran
- Mork Family Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA
- Ming Hsieh Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA
- Core Center for Excellence in NanoImaging, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA
| | - Rohan Mishra
- Institute of Materials Science and Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, 63130, USA
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Material Science, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, 63130, USA
- Department of Physics, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, 63130, USA
| | - Mikhail A Kats
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
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21
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Schwarz J, Niebauer M, Koleśnik-Gray M, Szabo M, Baier L, Chava P, Erbe A, Krstić V, Rommel M, Hutzler A. Correlating Optical Microspectroscopy with 4×4 Transfer Matrix Modeling for Characterizing Birefringent Van der Waals Materials. SMALL METHODS 2023; 7:e2300618. [PMID: 37462245 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.202300618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Revised: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023]
Abstract
Van der Waals materials exhibit intriguing properties for future electronic and optoelectronic devices. As those unique features strongly depend on the materials' thickness, it has to be accessed precisely for tailoring the performance of a specific device. In this study, a nondestructive and technologically easily implementable approach for accurate thickness determination of birefringent layered materials is introduced by combining optical reflectance measurements with a modular model comprising a 4×4 transfer matrix method and the optical components relevant to light microspectroscopy. This approach is demonstrated being reliable and precise for thickness determination of anisotropic materials like highly oriented pyrolytic graphite and black phosphorus in a range from atomic layers up to more than 100 nm. As a key feature, the method is well-suited even for encapsulated layers outperforming state of-the-art techniques like atomic force microscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julian Schwarz
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Electron Devices, Cauerstraße 6, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Michael Niebauer
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Electron Devices, Cauerstraße 6, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Maria Koleśnik-Gray
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Applied Physics, Staudtstraße 7, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Maximilian Szabo
- Fraunhofer Institute for Integrated Systems and Device Technology IISB, Schottkystraße 10, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Leander Baier
- Fraunhofer Institute for Integrated Systems and Device Technology IISB, Schottkystraße 10, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Phanish Chava
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR), Institute of Ion Beam Physics and Materials Research, Bautzner Landstrasse 400, 01328, Dresden, Germany
| | - Artur Erbe
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR), Institute of Ion Beam Physics and Materials Research, Bautzner Landstrasse 400, 01328, Dresden, Germany
| | - Vojislav Krstić
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Applied Physics, Staudtstraße 7, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Mathias Rommel
- Fraunhofer Institute for Integrated Systems and Device Technology IISB, Schottkystraße 10, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Andreas Hutzler
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Electron Devices, Cauerstraße 6, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
- Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Helmholtz Institute Erlangen-Nürnberg for Renewable Energy (IEK-11), Cauerstraße 1, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
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22
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Li Y, Zhang X, Zheng J, Zhou Y, Huang W, Song Y, Wang H, Song X, Luo J, Zhao S. A Hydrogen Bonded Supramolecular Framework Birefringent Crystal. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202304498. [PMID: 37161839 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202304498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Revised: 05/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Birefringent crystals could modulate the polarization of light and are widely used as polarizers, waveplates, optical isolators, etc. To date, commercial birefringent crystals have been exclusively limited to purely inorganic compounds such as α-BaB2 O4 with birefringence of about 0.12. Herein, we report a new hydrogen bonded supramolecular framework, namely, Cd(H2 C6 N7 O3 )2 ⋅8 H2 O, which exhibits exceptionally large birefringence up to about 0.60. To the best of our knowledge, the birefringence of Cd(H2 C6 N7 O3 )2 ⋅8 H2 O is significantly larger than those of all commercial birefringent crystals and is the largest among hydrogen bonded supramolecular framework crystals. First-principles calculations and structural analyses reveal that the exceptional birefringence is mainly ascribed to strong covalent interactions within (H2 C6 N7 O3 )- organic ligands and the perfect coplanarity between them. Given the rich structural diversity and tunability, hydrogen bonded supramolecular frameworks would offer unprecedented opportunities beyond the traditional purely inorganic oxides for birefringent crystals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanqiang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, 350002, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Xu Zhang
- School of Science, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou, 341000, China
| | - Jieyu Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Yang Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, 350002, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Weiqi Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Yipeng Song
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, 350002, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Han Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Xianyu Song
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Junhua Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, 350002, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- Fujian Science & Technology Innovation Laboratory for Optoelectronic Information of China, Fuzhou, 350108, China
| | - Sangen Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, 350002, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- Fujian Science & Technology Innovation Laboratory for Optoelectronic Information of China, Fuzhou, 350108, China
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23
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Vyshnevyy AA, Ermolaev GA, Grudinin DV, Voronin KV, Kharichkin I, Mazitov A, Kruglov IA, Yakubovsky DI, Mishra P, Kirtaev RV, Arsenin AV, Novoselov KS, Martin-Moreno L, Volkov VS. van der Waals Materials for Overcoming Fundamental Limitations in Photonic Integrated Circuitry. NANO LETTERS 2023; 23:8057-8064. [PMID: 37615652 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.3c02051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/25/2023]
Abstract
With the advance of on-chip nanophotonics, there is a high demand for high-refractive-index and low-loss materials. Currently, this technology is dominated by silicon, but van der Waals (vdW) materials with a high refractive index can offer a very advanced alternative. Still, up to now, it was not clear if the optical anisotropy perpendicular to the layers might be a hindering factor for the development of vdW nanophotonics. Here, we studied WS2-based waveguides in terms of their optical properties and, particularly, in terms of possible crosstalk distance. Surprisingly, we discovered that the low refractive index in the direction perpendicular to the atomic layers improves the characteristics of such devices, mainly due to expanding the range of parameters at which single-mode propagation can be achieved. Thus, using anisotropic materials offers new opportunities and novel control knobs when designing nanophotonic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrey A Vyshnevyy
- Emerging Technologies Research Center, XPANCEO, Dubai Investment Park First, Dubai 00000, United Arab Emirates
- Moscow Center for Advanced Studies, Kulakova str. 20, Moscow 123592, Russia
| | - Georgy A Ermolaev
- Emerging Technologies Research Center, XPANCEO, Dubai Investment Park First, Dubai 00000, United Arab Emirates
| | - Dmitriy V Grudinin
- Emerging Technologies Research Center, XPANCEO, Dubai Investment Park First, Dubai 00000, United Arab Emirates
| | - Kirill V Voronin
- Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC), Donostia/San Sebastián 20018, Spain
| | - Ivan Kharichkin
- Moscow Center for Advanced Studies, Kulakova str. 20, Moscow 123592, Russia
| | - Arslan Mazitov
- Institute of Materials, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Ivan A Kruglov
- Emerging Technologies Research Center, XPANCEO, Dubai Investment Park First, Dubai 00000, United Arab Emirates
- Moscow Center for Advanced Studies, Kulakova str. 20, Moscow 123592, Russia
| | | | - Prabhash Mishra
- Quantum Materials and Devices Laboratory, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, Jamia Millia Islamia (Central University), Jamia Nagar, New Delhi, 110025, India
| | - Roman V Kirtaev
- Emerging Technologies Research Center, XPANCEO, Dubai Investment Park First, Dubai 00000, United Arab Emirates
| | - Aleksey V Arsenin
- Emerging Technologies Research Center, XPANCEO, Dubai Investment Park First, Dubai 00000, United Arab Emirates
- Laboratory of Advanced Functional Materials, Yerevan State University, Yerevan 0025, Armenia
| | - Kostya S Novoselov
- National Graphene Institute, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom
- Institute for Functional Intelligent Materials, National University of Singapore, Building S9, 4 Science Drive 2, 117544, Singapore
- Chongqing 2D Materials Institute, Chongqing 400714, China
| | - Luis Martin-Moreno
- Instituto de Nanociencia y Materiales de Aragón (INMA), CSIC-Universidad de Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
- Departamento de Física Aplicada, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Valentyn S Volkov
- Emerging Technologies Research Center, XPANCEO, Dubai Investment Park First, Dubai 00000, United Arab Emirates
- Laboratory of Advanced Functional Materials, Yerevan State University, Yerevan 0025, Armenia
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24
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Chen Z, Li F, Liu Y, Cui C, Mutailipu M. Heterologous Isomorphic Substitution Induces Optical Property Enhancement for Deep-UV Crystals: a Case in Rb[B 3O 3F 2(OH) 2]. Inorg Chem 2023; 62:14512-14517. [PMID: 37642658 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c02644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
Optical anisotropy is pivotal for optical crystals, and it can be characterized by the maximum algebraic difference in refractive indices. Improving the optical anisotropy, especially for deep-ultraviolet (UV) crystals, is still a challenge and of interest. Herein, a new hydroxyfluorooxoborate, Rb[B3O3F2(OH)2], was obtained by the heterologous isomorphic substitution strategy. Dual enhancement for the band gap and birefringence compared with the parent A[B3O3F2(OH)2] (A = [Ph4P]/[Ph3MeP]) compounds was achieved in Rb[B3O3F2(OH)2]. This considerable enhancement originates from the removal of organic components and the retention of a birefringence-active anionic framework. This enhancement pushes the application region from UV to deep-UV. This discovery not only expands the structural chemistry of borates but also demonstrates the viability of heterologous isomorphic substitution to design deep-UV crystals with enhanced optical property.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziqi Chen
- Research Center for Crystal Materials, CAS Key Laboratory of Functional Materials and Devices for Special Environments, Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), 40-1 South Beijing Road, Urumqi 830011, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Fuming Li
- Research Center for Crystal Materials, CAS Key Laboratory of Functional Materials and Devices for Special Environments, Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), 40-1 South Beijing Road, Urumqi 830011, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yanli Liu
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410004, China
| | - Chen Cui
- Research Center for Crystal Materials, CAS Key Laboratory of Functional Materials and Devices for Special Environments, Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), 40-1 South Beijing Road, Urumqi 830011, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Miriding Mutailipu
- Research Center for Crystal Materials, CAS Key Laboratory of Functional Materials and Devices for Special Environments, Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), 40-1 South Beijing Road, Urumqi 830011, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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25
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Dou Y, Tumusange MS, Jin J, Wang X, Crater ER, Liu S, Zhu L, Zuberi S, Harman G, Weaver C, Ramanujam B, Shan A, Moore RB, Podraza NJ, Yan Y, Quan L. Broadband Achromatic Quarter-Waveplate Using 2D Hybrid Copper Halide Single Crystals. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:18007-18014. [PMID: 37540785 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c05705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/06/2023]
Abstract
Achromatic quarter waveplates (A-QWPs), traditionally constructed from multiple birefringent crystals, can modulate light polarization and retardation across a broad range of wavelengths. This mechanism is inherently related to phase retardation controlled by the fast and slow axis of stacked multi-birefringent crystals. However, the conventional design of A-QWPs requires the incorporation of multiple birefringent crystals, which complicates the manufacturing process and raises costs. Here, we report the discovery of a broadband (540-1060 nm) A-QWP based on a two-dimensional (2D) layered hybrid copper halide (HCH) perovskite single crystal. The 2D copper chloride (CuCl6) layers of the HCH crystal undergo Jahn-Teller distortion and subsequently trigger the in-plane optical birefringence. Its broad range of the wavelength response as an A-QWP is a consequence of the out-of-plane mosaicity formed among the stacked inorganic layers during the single-crystal self-assembly process in the solution phase. Given the versatility of 2D hybridhalide perovskites, the 2D HCH crystal offers a promising approach for designing cost-effective A-QWPs and the ability to integrate other optical devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yixuan Dou
- Department of Chemistry, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
| | - Marie Solange Tumusange
- Department of Physics and Astronomy and Wright Center for Photovoltaics Innovation and Commercialization, The University of Toledo, Toledo, Ohio 43606, United States
| | - Jianbo Jin
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Xiaoming Wang
- Department of Physics and Astronomy and Wright Center for Photovoltaics Innovation and Commercialization, The University of Toledo, Toledo, Ohio 43606, United States
| | - Erin R Crater
- Department of Chemistry, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
- Macromolecules Innovation Institute, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
| | - Sunhao Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
| | - Liyan Zhu
- The Bradley Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
| | - Samir Zuberi
- College of Science in the Academy of Integrated Science, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
| | - Gavin Harman
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
| | - Conner Weaver
- The Bradley Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
| | - Balaji Ramanujam
- Department of Physics and Astronomy and Wright Center for Photovoltaics Innovation and Commercialization, The University of Toledo, Toledo, Ohio 43606, United States
| | - Ambalanath Shan
- Department of Physics and Astronomy and Wright Center for Photovoltaics Innovation and Commercialization, The University of Toledo, Toledo, Ohio 43606, United States
| | - Robert B Moore
- Department of Chemistry, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
- Macromolecules Innovation Institute, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
| | - Nikolas J Podraza
- Department of Physics and Astronomy and Wright Center for Photovoltaics Innovation and Commercialization, The University of Toledo, Toledo, Ohio 43606, United States
| | - Yanfa Yan
- Department of Physics and Astronomy and Wright Center for Photovoltaics Innovation and Commercialization, The University of Toledo, Toledo, Ohio 43606, United States
| | - Lina Quan
- Department of Chemistry, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
- Department of Materials and Science Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
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26
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Li Z, Ma X, Wei F, Wang D, Deng Z, Jiang M, Siddiquee A, Qi K, Zhu D, Zhao M, Shen M, Canepa P, Kou S, Lin J, Wang Q. As-Grown Miniaturized True Zero-Order Waveplates Based on Low-Dimensional Ferrocene Crystals. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2302468. [PMID: 37207692 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202302468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Revised: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
As basic optical elements, waveplates with anisotropic electromagnetic responses are imperative for manipulating light polarization. Conventional waveplates are manufactured from bulk crystals (e.g., quartz and calcite) through a series of precision cutting and grinding steps, which typically result in large size, low yield, and high cost. In this study, a bottom-up method is used to grow ferrocene crystals with large anisotropy to demonstrate self-assembled ultrathin true zero-order waveplates without additional machining processing, which is particularly suited for nanophotonic integration. The van der Waals ferrocene crystals exhibit high birefringence (Δn (experiment) = 0.149 ± 0.002 at 636 nm), low dichroism Δκ (experiment) = -0.0007 at 636 nm), and a potentially broad operating range (550 nm to 20 µm) as suggested by Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations. In addition, the grown waveplate's highest and the lowest principal axes (n1 and n3 , respectively) are in the a-c plane, where the fast axis is along one natural edge of the ferrocene crystal, rendering them readily usable. The as-grown, wavelength-scale-thick waveplate allows the development of further miniaturized systems via tandem integration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhipeng Li
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering (IMRE), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 2 Fusionopolis Way, Innovis, #08-03, Singapore, 138634, Singapore
| | - Xuezhi Ma
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering (IMRE), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 2 Fusionopolis Way, Innovis, #08-03, Singapore, 138634, Singapore
| | - Fengxia Wei
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering (IMRE), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 2 Fusionopolis Way, Innovis, #08-03, Singapore, 138634, Singapore
| | - Dapeng Wang
- Institute of Biointelligence Technology, BGI-Research Shenzhen, Shenzhen, 518083, China
| | - Zeyu Deng
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117575, Singapore
| | - Mengting Jiang
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering (IMRE), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 2 Fusionopolis Way, Innovis, #08-03, Singapore, 138634, Singapore
| | - Arif Siddiquee
- Department of Chemistry and Physics, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science (LIMS), La Trobe University, Victoria, 3086, Australia
| | - Kun Qi
- Institut Européen des Membranes, IEM, UMR 5635, Université Montpellier, ENSCM, CNRS, Montpellier, 34000, France
| | - Di Zhu
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering (IMRE), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 2 Fusionopolis Way, Innovis, #08-03, Singapore, 138634, Singapore
| | - Meng Zhao
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering (IMRE), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 2 Fusionopolis Way, Innovis, #08-03, Singapore, 138634, Singapore
| | - Mengzhe Shen
- Institute of Biointelligence Technology, BGI-Research Shenzhen, Shenzhen, 518083, China
| | - Pieremanuele Canepa
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117575, Singapore
| | - Shanshan Kou
- Department of Chemistry and Physics, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science (LIMS), La Trobe University, Victoria, 3086, Australia
| | - Jiao Lin
- School of Engineering, RMIT University, Victoria, 3000, Australia
| | - Qian Wang
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering (IMRE), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 2 Fusionopolis Way, Innovis, #08-03, Singapore, 138634, Singapore
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27
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Sun Z, Chen W, Zhang B, Gao L, Tao K, Li Q, Sun JL, Yan Q. Polarization conversion in bottom-up grown quasi-1D fibrous red phosphorus flakes. Nat Commun 2023; 14:4398. [PMID: 37474534 PMCID: PMC10359251 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-40122-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Fibrous red phosphorus (RP) has triggered growing attention as an emerging quasi-one-dimensional (quasi-1D) van der Waals crystal recently. Unfortunately, it is difficult to achieve substrate growth of high-quality fibrous RP flakes due to their inherent quasi-1D structure, which impedes their fundamental property exploration and device integration. Herein, we demonstrate a bottom-up approach for the growth of fibrous RP flakes with (001)-preferred orientation via a chemical vapor transport (CVT) reaction in the P/Sn/I2 system. The formation of fibrous RP flakes can be attributed to the synergistic effect of Sn-mediated P4 partial pressure and the SnI2 capping layer-directed growth. Moreover, we investigate the optical anisotropy of the as-grown flakes, demonstrating their potential application as micro phase retarders in polarization conversion. Our developed bottom-up approach lays the foundation for studying the anisotropy and device integration of fibrous red phosphorus, opening up possibilities for the two-dimensional growth of quasi-1D van der Waals materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaojian Sun
- Engineering Research Center of Advanced Rare Earth Materials (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, 100084, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Wujia Chen
- Engineering Research Center of Advanced Rare Earth Materials (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, 100084, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Bowen Zhang
- Engineering Research Center of Advanced Rare Earth Materials (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, 100084, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Lei Gao
- Engineering Research Center of Advanced Rare Earth Materials (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, 100084, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Kezheng Tao
- Engineering Research Center of Advanced Rare Earth Materials (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, 100084, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Qiang Li
- Engineering Research Center of Advanced Rare Earth Materials (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, 100084, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Jia-Lin Sun
- Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, 100084, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Qingfeng Yan
- Engineering Research Center of Advanced Rare Earth Materials (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, 100084, Beijing, P. R. China.
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Li Q, Wu X, Mu S, He C, Ren X, Luo X, Adeli M, Han X, Ma L, Cheng C. Microenvironment Restruction of Emerging 2D Materials and their Roles in Therapeutic and Diagnostic Nano-Bio-Platforms. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2023; 10:e2207759. [PMID: 37129318 PMCID: PMC10369261 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202207759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Revised: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Engineering advanced therapeutic and diagnostic nano-bio-platforms (NBPFs) have emerged as rapidly-developed pathways against a wide range of challenges in antitumor, antipathogen, tissue regeneration, bioimaging, and biosensing applications. Emerged 2D materials have attracted extensive scientific interest as fundamental building blocks or nanostructures among material scientists, chemists, biologists, and doctors due to their advantageous physicochemical and biological properties. This timely review provides a comprehensive summary of creating advanced NBPFs via emerging 2D materials (2D-NBPFs) with unique insights into the corresponding molecularly restructured microenvironments and biofunctionalities. First, it is focused on an up-to-date overview of the synthetic strategies for designing 2D-NBPFs with a cross-comparison of their advantages and disadvantages. After that, the recent key achievements are summarized in tuning the biofunctionalities of 2D-NBPFs via molecularly programmed microenvironments, including physiological stability, biocompatibility, bio-adhesiveness, specific binding to pathogens, broad-spectrum pathogen inhibitors, stimuli-responsive systems, and enzyme-mimetics. Moreover, the representative therapeutic and diagnostic applications of 2D-NBPFs are also discussed with detailed disclosure of their critical design principles and parameters. Finally, current challenges and future research directions are also discussed. Overall, this review will provide cutting-edge and multidisciplinary guidance for accelerating future developments and therapeutic/diagnostic applications of 2D-NBPFs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Li
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Department of Ultrasound, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Xizheng Wu
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Department of Ultrasound, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Shengdong Mu
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Department of Ultrasound, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Chao He
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Department of Ultrasound, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Xiancheng Ren
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Department of Ultrasound, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Xianglin Luo
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Department of Ultrasound, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Mohsen Adeli
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Lorestan University, Khorramabad, 68137-17133, Iran
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Takustrasse 3, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - Xianglong Han
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Lang Ma
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Department of Ultrasound, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Chong Cheng
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Department of Ultrasound, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Takustrasse 3, 14195, Berlin, Germany
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Mistrik J, Krbal M, Prokop V, Prikryl J. Giant change of MoS 2 optical properties along amorphous-crystalline transition: broadband spectroscopic study including the NIR therapeutic window. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2023; 5:2911-2920. [PMID: 37260487 PMCID: PMC10228343 DOI: 10.1039/d3na00111c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
This work deals with an ellipsometric study of magnetron sputtered thin MoS2 films. The evolution of the UV-VIS-NIR optical properties of as-deposited and subsequently annealed films is thoughtfully investigated, covering amorphous, amorphous relaxed, partially crystallized, and polycrystallized MoS2 films. The transition from the mixed 1T'@2H local order in the amorphous phase toward the long-range 2H order in the polycrystalline phase is systematically correlated with film optical properties. The early stage of a few-layer 2H ordering toward the 2H bulk-like polycrystalline structure during annealing is evidenced through the energy shift of MoS2 prominent excitonic peaks. A considerable change in optical response between metallic (amorphous) and semiconducting (polycrystalline) MoS2 phases is reported and presented in terms of dielectric permittivity and normal reflectance NIR-VIS-UV spectra. Results of light-heat conversion in the NIR therapeutic window show so far uncovered potential of amorphous MoS2 as an agent for photothermal therapy. Spectroscopic ellipsometry provided sensitive characterization disclosing essential results complementary to other characterization tools. The benefit of these results is expected to be employed in fundamental and application-motivated research, for example, in the field of phase change materials, photothermal cancer therapy, and magneto-optical study of magnetic ordering in metal transition dichalcogenides, among others.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Mistrik
- Center of Materials and Nanotechnologies, Faculty of Chemical-technology, University of Pardubice Studentska 95 53210 Pardubice Czech Republic +420 466 037 409
- Institute of Applied Physics and Mathematics, Faculty of Chemical-technology, University of Pardubice Studentska 95 53210 Pardubice Czech Republic
| | - Milos Krbal
- Center of Materials and Nanotechnologies, Faculty of Chemical-technology, University of Pardubice Studentska 95 53210 Pardubice Czech Republic +420 466 037 409
| | - Vit Prokop
- Center of Materials and Nanotechnologies, Faculty of Chemical-technology, University of Pardubice Studentska 95 53210 Pardubice Czech Republic +420 466 037 409
| | - Jan Prikryl
- Center of Materials and Nanotechnologies, Faculty of Chemical-technology, University of Pardubice Studentska 95 53210 Pardubice Czech Republic +420 466 037 409
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Kenaz R, Ghosh S, Ramachandran P, Watanabe K, Taniguchi T, Steinberg H, Rapaport R. Thickness Mapping and Layer Number Identification of Exfoliated van der Waals Materials by Fourier Imaging Micro-Ellipsometry. ACS NANO 2023; 17:9188-9196. [PMID: 37155829 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.2c12773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
As performance of van der Waals heterostructure devices is governed by the nanoscale thicknesses and homogeneity of their constituent mono- to few-layer flakes, accurate mapping of these properties with high lateral resolution becomes imperative. Spectroscopic ellipsometry is a promising optical technique for such atomically thin-film characterization due to its simplicity, noninvasive nature and high accuracy. However, the effective use of standard ellipsometry methods on exfoliated micron-scale flakes is inhibited by their tens-of-microns lateral resolution or slow data acquisition. In this work, we demonstrate a Fourier imaging spectroscopic micro-ellipsometry method with sub-5 μm lateral resolution and three orders-of-magnitude faster data acquisition than similar-resolution ellipsometers. Simultaneous recording of spectroscopic ellipsometry information at multiple angles results in a highly sensitive system, which is used for performing angstrom-level accurate and consistent thickness mapping on exfoliated mono-, bi- and trilayers of graphene, hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) and transition metal dichalcogenide (MoS2, WS2, MoSe2, WSe2) flakes. The system can successfully identify highly transparent monolayer hBN, a challenging proposition for other characterization tools. The optical microscope integrated ellipsometer can also map minute thickness variations over a micron-scale flake, revealing its lateral inhomogeneity. The prospect of adding standard optical elements to augment generic optical imaging and spectroscopy setups with accurate in situ ellipsometric mapping capability presents potential opportunities for investigation of exfoliated 2D materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ralfy Kenaz
- Racah Institute of Physics, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9190401, Israel
| | - Saptarshi Ghosh
- Racah Institute of Physics, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9190401, Israel
| | - Pradheesh Ramachandran
- Racah Institute of Physics, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9190401, Israel
| | - Kenji Watanabe
- Research Center for Functional Materials, National Institute for Materials Science, 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba 305-0044, Japan
| | - Takashi Taniguchi
- International Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics, National Institute for Materials Science, 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba 305-0044, Japan
| | - Hadar Steinberg
- Racah Institute of Physics, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9190401, Israel
| | - Ronen Rapaport
- Racah Institute of Physics, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9190401, Israel
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Grudinin DV, Ermolaev GA, Baranov DG, Toksumakov AN, Voronin KV, Slavich AS, Vyshnevyy AA, Mazitov AB, Kruglov IA, Ghazaryan DA, Arsenin AV, Novoselov KS, Volkov VS. Hexagonal boron nitride nanophotonics: a record-breaking material for the ultraviolet and visible spectral ranges. MATERIALS HORIZONS 2023. [PMID: 37139604 DOI: 10.1039/d3mh00215b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
A global trend towards miniaturization and multiwavelength performance of nanophotonic devices drives research on novel phenomena, such as bound states in the continuum and Mietronics, as well as surveys for high-refractive index and strongly anisotropic materials and metasurfaces. Hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) is one of the promising materials for future nanophotonics owing to its inherent anisotropy and prospects of high-quality monocrystal growth with an atomically flat surface. Here, we present highly accurate optical constants of hBN in the broad wavelength range of 250-1700 nm combining imaging ellipsometry measurements, scanning near-field optical microscopy and first-principles quantum mechanical computations. hBN's high refractive index, up to 2.75 in the ultraviolet (UV) and visible range, broadband birefringence of ∼0.7, and negligible optical losses make it an outstanding material for UV and visible range photonics. Based on our measurement results, we propose and design novel optical elements: handedness-preserving mirrors and subwavelength waveguides with dimensions of 40 nm operating in the visible and UV ranges, respectively. Remarkably, our results offer a unique opportunity to bridge the size gap between photonics and electronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- D V Grudinin
- Emerging Technologies Research Center, XPANCEO, Dubai Investment Park 1, Dubai, United Arab Emirates.
- Center for Photonics and 2D Materials, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny 141700, Russia
| | - G A Ermolaev
- Emerging Technologies Research Center, XPANCEO, Dubai Investment Park 1, Dubai, United Arab Emirates.
- Center for Photonics and 2D Materials, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny 141700, Russia
| | - D G Baranov
- Center for Photonics and 2D Materials, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny 141700, Russia
- Moscow Center for Advanced Studies, Kulakova str. 20, Moscow, 123592, Russia
| | - A N Toksumakov
- Center for Photonics and 2D Materials, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny 141700, Russia
- Moscow Center for Advanced Studies, Kulakova str. 20, Moscow, 123592, Russia
| | - K V Voronin
- Center for Photonics and 2D Materials, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny 141700, Russia
- Moscow Center for Advanced Studies, Kulakova str. 20, Moscow, 123592, Russia
| | - A S Slavich
- Center for Photonics and 2D Materials, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny 141700, Russia
- Moscow Center for Advanced Studies, Kulakova str. 20, Moscow, 123592, Russia
| | - A A Vyshnevyy
- Emerging Technologies Research Center, XPANCEO, Dubai Investment Park 1, Dubai, United Arab Emirates.
- Center for Photonics and 2D Materials, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny 141700, Russia
| | - A B Mazitov
- Institute of Materials, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, 1015, Switzerland
| | - I A Kruglov
- Emerging Technologies Research Center, XPANCEO, Dubai Investment Park 1, Dubai, United Arab Emirates.
- Center for Photonics and 2D Materials, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny 141700, Russia
| | - D A Ghazaryan
- Center for Photonics and 2D Materials, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny 141700, Russia
- Moscow Center for Advanced Studies, Kulakova str. 20, Moscow, 123592, Russia
- Laboratory of Advanced Functional Materials, Yerevan State University, Yerevan, 0025, Armenia
| | - A V Arsenin
- Emerging Technologies Research Center, XPANCEO, Dubai Investment Park 1, Dubai, United Arab Emirates.
- Center for Photonics and 2D Materials, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny 141700, Russia
- Laboratory of Advanced Functional Materials, Yerevan State University, Yerevan, 0025, Armenia
| | - K S Novoselov
- National Graphene Institute (NGI), University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 03-09 EA, Singapore
- Chongqing 2D Materials Institute, 400714, Chongqing, China
| | - V S Volkov
- Emerging Technologies Research Center, XPANCEO, Dubai Investment Park 1, Dubai, United Arab Emirates.
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Ermolaev GA, Vyslanko IS, Tselin AP, El-Sayed MA, Tatmyshevskiy MK, Slavich AS, Yakubovsky DI, Mironov MS, Mazitov AB, Eghbali A, Panova DA, Romanov RI, Markeev AM, Kruglov IA, Novikov SM, Vyshnevyy AA, Arsenin AV, Volkov VS. Broadband Optical Properties of Bi 2Se 3. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:nano13091460. [PMID: 37177004 PMCID: PMC10180482 DOI: 10.3390/nano13091460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Revised: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Materials with high optical constants are of paramount importance for efficient light manipulation in nanophotonics applications. Recent advances in materials science have revealed that van der Waals (vdW) materials have large optical responses owing to strong in-plane covalent bonding and weak out-of-plane vdW interactions. However, the optical constants of vdW materials depend on numerous factors, e.g., synthesis and transfer method. Here, we demonstrate that in a broad spectral range (290-3300 nm) the refractive index n and the extinction coefficient k of Bi2Se3 are almost independent of synthesis technology, with only a ~10% difference in n and k between synthesis approaches, unlike other vdW materials, such as MoS2, which has a ~60% difference between synthesis approaches. As a practical demonstration, we showed, using the examples of biosensors and therapeutic nanoparticles, that this slight difference in optical constants results in reproducible efficiency in Bi2Se3-based photonic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgy A Ermolaev
- Center for Photonics and 2D Materials, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, 9 Institutsky Lane, Dolgoprudny 141700, Russia
| | - Ivan S Vyslanko
- Center for Photonics and 2D Materials, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, 9 Institutsky Lane, Dolgoprudny 141700, Russia
| | - Andrey P Tselin
- Center for Photonics and 2D Materials, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, 9 Institutsky Lane, Dolgoprudny 141700, Russia
- Photonics and Quantum Materials Department, Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, 3 Nobel Str., Moscow 143026, Russia
| | - Marwa A El-Sayed
- Center for Photonics and 2D Materials, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, 9 Institutsky Lane, Dolgoprudny 141700, Russia
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Menoufia University, Shebin El-Koom 32511, Egypt
| | - Mikhail K Tatmyshevskiy
- Center for Photonics and 2D Materials, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, 9 Institutsky Lane, Dolgoprudny 141700, Russia
| | - Aleksandr S Slavich
- Center for Photonics and 2D Materials, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, 9 Institutsky Lane, Dolgoprudny 141700, Russia
| | - Dmitry I Yakubovsky
- Center for Photonics and 2D Materials, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, 9 Institutsky Lane, Dolgoprudny 141700, Russia
| | - Mikhail S Mironov
- Center for Photonics and 2D Materials, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, 9 Institutsky Lane, Dolgoprudny 141700, Russia
| | - Arslan B Mazitov
- Center for Photonics and 2D Materials, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, 9 Institutsky Lane, Dolgoprudny 141700, Russia
| | - Amir Eghbali
- Center for Photonics and 2D Materials, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, 9 Institutsky Lane, Dolgoprudny 141700, Russia
| | - Daria A Panova
- Center for Photonics and 2D Materials, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, 9 Institutsky Lane, Dolgoprudny 141700, Russia
| | - Roman I Romanov
- Department of Solid State Physics and Nanosystems, National Research Nuclear University MEPhI (Moscow Engineering Physics Institute), 31 Kashirskoe Sh., Moscow 115409, Russia
| | - Andrey M Markeev
- Center for Photonics and 2D Materials, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, 9 Institutsky Lane, Dolgoprudny 141700, Russia
| | - Ivan A Kruglov
- Center for Photonics and 2D Materials, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, 9 Institutsky Lane, Dolgoprudny 141700, Russia
- Center of Fundamental and Applied Research, Dukhov Research Institute of Automatics (VNIIA), 22 Suschevskaya Str., Moscow 127055, Russia
| | - Sergey M Novikov
- Center for Photonics and 2D Materials, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, 9 Institutsky Lane, Dolgoprudny 141700, Russia
| | - Andrey A Vyshnevyy
- Center for Photonics and 2D Materials, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, 9 Institutsky Lane, Dolgoprudny 141700, Russia
| | - Aleksey V Arsenin
- Center for Photonics and 2D Materials, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, 9 Institutsky Lane, Dolgoprudny 141700, Russia
- Laboratory of Advanced Functional Materials, Yerevan State University, 1 Alek Manukyan Str., Yerevan 0025, Armenia
| | - Valentyn S Volkov
- Center for Photonics and 2D Materials, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, 9 Institutsky Lane, Dolgoprudny 141700, Russia
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Yakubovsky DI, Grudinin DV, Ermolaev GA, Vyshnevyy AA, Mironov MS, Novikov SM, Arsenin AV, Volkov VS. Scanning Near-Field Optical Microscopy of Ultrathin Gold Films. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:1376. [PMID: 37110961 PMCID: PMC10146867 DOI: 10.3390/nano13081376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Revised: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Ultrathin metal films are an essential platform for two-dimensional (2D) material compatible and flexible optoelectronics. Characterization of thin and ultrathin film-based devices requires a thorough consideration of the crystalline structure and local optical and electrical properties of the metal-2D material interface since they could be dramatically different from the bulk material. Recently, it was demonstrated that the growth of gold on the chemical vapor deposited monolayer MoS2 leads to a continuous metal film that preserves plasmonic optical response and conductivity even at thicknesses below 10 nm. Here, we examined the optical response and morphology of ultrathin gold films deposited on exfoliated MoS2 crystal flakes on the SiO2/Si substrate via scattering-type scanning near-field optical microscopy (s-SNOM). We demonstrate a direct relationship between the ability of thin film to support guided surface plasmon polaritons (SPP) and the s-SNOM signal intensity with a very high spatial resolution. Using this relationship, we observed the evolution of the structure of gold films grown on SiO2 and MoS2 with an increase in thickness. The continuous morphology and superior ability with respect to supporting SPPs of the ultrathin (≤10 nm) gold on MoS2 is further confirmed with scanning electron microscopy and direct observation of SPP fringes via s-SNOM. Our results establish s-SNOM as a tool for testing plasmonic films and motivate further theoretical research on the impact of the interplay between the guided modes and the local optical properties on the s-SNOM signal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dmitry I. Yakubovsky
- Center for Photonics and 2D Materials, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, 9 Institutsky Lane, Dolgoprudny 141700, Russia; (D.I.Y.); (D.V.G.); (G.A.E.); (A.A.V.); (M.S.M.); (S.M.N.); (A.V.A.)
| | - Dmitry V. Grudinin
- Center for Photonics and 2D Materials, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, 9 Institutsky Lane, Dolgoprudny 141700, Russia; (D.I.Y.); (D.V.G.); (G.A.E.); (A.A.V.); (M.S.M.); (S.M.N.); (A.V.A.)
| | - Georgy A. Ermolaev
- Center for Photonics and 2D Materials, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, 9 Institutsky Lane, Dolgoprudny 141700, Russia; (D.I.Y.); (D.V.G.); (G.A.E.); (A.A.V.); (M.S.M.); (S.M.N.); (A.V.A.)
| | - Andrey A. Vyshnevyy
- Center for Photonics and 2D Materials, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, 9 Institutsky Lane, Dolgoprudny 141700, Russia; (D.I.Y.); (D.V.G.); (G.A.E.); (A.A.V.); (M.S.M.); (S.M.N.); (A.V.A.)
| | - Mikhail S. Mironov
- Center for Photonics and 2D Materials, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, 9 Institutsky Lane, Dolgoprudny 141700, Russia; (D.I.Y.); (D.V.G.); (G.A.E.); (A.A.V.); (M.S.M.); (S.M.N.); (A.V.A.)
| | - Sergey M. Novikov
- Center for Photonics and 2D Materials, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, 9 Institutsky Lane, Dolgoprudny 141700, Russia; (D.I.Y.); (D.V.G.); (G.A.E.); (A.A.V.); (M.S.M.); (S.M.N.); (A.V.A.)
| | - Aleksey V. Arsenin
- Center for Photonics and 2D Materials, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, 9 Institutsky Lane, Dolgoprudny 141700, Russia; (D.I.Y.); (D.V.G.); (G.A.E.); (A.A.V.); (M.S.M.); (S.M.N.); (A.V.A.)
- Laboratory of Advanced Functional Materials, Yerevan State University, Yerevan 0025, Armenia
| | - Valentyn S. Volkov
- Center for Photonics and 2D Materials, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, 9 Institutsky Lane, Dolgoprudny 141700, Russia; (D.I.Y.); (D.V.G.); (G.A.E.); (A.A.V.); (M.S.M.); (S.M.N.); (A.V.A.)
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Ermolaev G, Pushkarev AP, Zhizhchenko A, Kuchmizhak AA, Iorsh I, Kruglov I, Mazitov A, Ishteev A, Konstantinova K, Saranin D, Slavich A, Stosic D, Zhukova ES, Tselikov G, Di Carlo A, Arsenin A, Novoselov KS, Makarov SV, Volkov VS. Giant and Tunable Excitonic Optical Anisotropy in Single-Crystal Halide Perovskites. NANO LETTERS 2023; 23:2570-2577. [PMID: 36920328 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.2c04792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
During the last years, giant optical anisotropy has demonstrated its paramount importance for light manipulation. In spite of recent advances in the field, the achievement of continuous tunability of optical anisotropy remains an outstanding challenge. Here, we present a solution to the problem through the chemical alteration of halogen atoms in single-crystal halide perovskites. As a result, we manage to continually modify the optical anisotropy by 0.14. We also discover that the halide perovskite can demonstrate optical anisotropy up to 0.6 in the visible range─the largest value among non-van der Waals materials. Moreover, our results reveal that this anisotropy could be in-plane and out-of-plane depending on perovskite shape─rectangular and square. As a practical demonstration, we have created perovskite anisotropic nanowaveguides and shown a significant impact of anisotropy on high-order guiding modes. These findings pave the way for halide perovskites as a next-generation platform for tunable anisotropic photonics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgy Ermolaev
- Emerging Technologies Research Center, XPANCEO, Dubai 00000, United Arab Emirates
- Center for Photonics and 2D Materials, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny 141700, Russia
| | - Anatoly P Pushkarev
- ITMO University, School of Physics and Engineering, St. Petersburg 197101, Russia
| | - Alexey Zhizhchenko
- Far Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok 690091, Russia
- Institute of Automation and Control Processes, Far Eastern Branch, Russian Academy of Science, Vladivostok 690041, Russia
| | - Aleksandr A Kuchmizhak
- Far Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok 690091, Russia
- Institute of Automation and Control Processes, Far Eastern Branch, Russian Academy of Science, Vladivostok 690041, Russia
| | - Ivan Iorsh
- ITMO University, School of Physics and Engineering, St. Petersburg 197101, Russia
| | - Ivan Kruglov
- Emerging Technologies Research Center, XPANCEO, Dubai 00000, United Arab Emirates
- Center for Photonics and 2D Materials, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny 141700, Russia
- Dukhov Research Institute of Automatics (VNIIA), Moscow 127055, Russia
| | - Arslan Mazitov
- Center for Photonics and 2D Materials, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny 141700, Russia
- Dukhov Research Institute of Automatics (VNIIA), Moscow 127055, Russia
| | - Arthur Ishteev
- LASE - Laboratory of Advanced Solar Energy, NUST MISiS, Moscow 119049, Russia
- N.N. Semenov Federal Research Center for Chemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Kamilla Konstantinova
- LASE - Laboratory of Advanced Solar Energy, NUST MISiS, Moscow 119049, Russia
- Research and Practical Clinical Center for Diagnostics and Telemedicine Technologies of the Moscow Health Care Department, Moscow 127051, Russia
| | - Danila Saranin
- LASE - Laboratory of Advanced Solar Energy, NUST MISiS, Moscow 119049, Russia
| | - Aleksandr Slavich
- Center for Photonics and 2D Materials, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny 141700, Russia
| | - Dusan Stosic
- Center for Photonics and 2D Materials, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny 141700, Russia
| | - Elena S Zhukova
- Center for Photonics and 2D Materials, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny 141700, Russia
| | - Gleb Tselikov
- Emerging Technologies Research Center, XPANCEO, Dubai 00000, United Arab Emirates
- Center for Photonics and 2D Materials, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny 141700, Russia
| | - Aldo Di Carlo
- LASE - Laboratory of Advanced Solar Energy, NUST MISiS, Moscow 119049, Russia
- CHOSE - Centre of Hybrid and Organic Solar Energy, Department of Electronics Engineering, Rome 00133, Italy
| | - Aleksey Arsenin
- Emerging Technologies Research Center, XPANCEO, Dubai 00000, United Arab Emirates
- Center for Photonics and 2D Materials, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny 141700, Russia
- Laboratory of Advanced Functional Materials, Yerevan State University, Yerevan 0025, Armenia
| | - Kostya S Novoselov
- National Graphene Institute (NGI), University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom
- Institute for Functional Intelligent Materials, National University of Singapore, 117544 Singapore
- Chongqing 2D Materials Institute, Chongqing 400714, China
| | - Sergey V Makarov
- ITMO University, School of Physics and Engineering, St. Petersburg 197101, Russia
- Qingdao Innovation and Development Center, Harbin Engineering University, Qingdao, Shandong 266000, China
| | - Valentyn S Volkov
- Emerging Technologies Research Center, XPANCEO, Dubai 00000, United Arab Emirates
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35
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Ferrera M, Sharma A, Milekhin I, Pan Y, Convertino D, Pace S, Orlandini G, Peci E, Ramò L, Magnozzi M, Coletti C, Salvan G, Zahn DRT, Canepa M, Bisio F. Local dielectric function of hBN-encapsulated WS 2flakes grown by chemical vapor deposition. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2023; 35:274001. [PMID: 36996840 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/acc918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Hexagonal boron nitride (hBN), sometimes referred to as white graphene, receives growing interest in the scientific community, especially when combined into van der Waals (vdW) homo- and heterostacks, in which novel and interesting phenomena may arise. hBN is also commonly used in combination with two-dimensional (2D) semiconducting transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs). The realization of hBN-encapsulated TMDC homo- and heterostacks can indeed offer opportunities to investigate and compare TMDC excitonic properties in various stacking configurations. In this work, we investigate the optical response at the micrometric scale of mono- and homo-bilayer WS2grown by chemical vapor deposition and encapsulated between two single layers of hBN. Imaging spectroscopic ellipsometry is exploited to extract the local dielectric functions across one single WS2flake and detect the evolution of excitonic spectral features from monolayer to bilayer regions. Exciton energies undergo a redshift by passing from hBN-encapsulated single layer to homo-bilayer WS2, as also confirmed by photoluminescence spectra. Our results can provide a reference for the study of the dielectric properties of more complex systems where hBN is combined with other 2D vdW materials into heterostructures and are stimulating towards the investigation of the optical response of other technologically-relevant heterostacks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marzia Ferrera
- OptMatLab, Physics Department, Università di Genova, via Dodecaneso 33, 16146 Genova, Italy
- Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy
| | - Apoorva Sharma
- Semiconductor Physics, Chemnitz University of Technology, D-09107 Chemnitz, Germany
| | - Ilya Milekhin
- Semiconductor Physics, Chemnitz University of Technology, D-09107 Chemnitz, Germany
- Center for Materials, Architectures and Integration of Nanomembranes (MAIN), Chemnitz University of Technology, D-09107 Chemnitz, Germany
| | - Yang Pan
- Semiconductor Physics, Chemnitz University of Technology, D-09107 Chemnitz, Germany
- Center for Materials, Architectures and Integration of Nanomembranes (MAIN), Chemnitz University of Technology, D-09107 Chemnitz, Germany
| | - Domenica Convertino
- Center for Nanotechnology Innovation IIT@NEST, Piazza San Silvestro 12, 56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - Simona Pace
- Center for Nanotechnology Innovation IIT@NEST, Piazza San Silvestro 12, 56127 Pisa, Italy
- Graphene Labs, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy
| | - Giorgio Orlandini
- Center for Nanotechnology Innovation IIT@NEST, Piazza San Silvestro 12, 56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - Ermes Peci
- OptMatLab, Physics Department, Università di Genova, via Dodecaneso 33, 16146 Genova, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Ramò
- OptMatLab, Physics Department, Università di Genova, via Dodecaneso 33, 16146 Genova, Italy
| | - Michele Magnozzi
- OptMatLab, Physics Department, Università di Genova, via Dodecaneso 33, 16146 Genova, Italy
- INFN, Sezione di Genova, via Dodecaneso 33, 16146 Genova, Italy
| | - Camilla Coletti
- Center for Nanotechnology Innovation IIT@NEST, Piazza San Silvestro 12, 56127 Pisa, Italy
- Graphene Labs, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy
| | - Georgeta Salvan
- Semiconductor Physics, Chemnitz University of Technology, D-09107 Chemnitz, Germany
| | - Dietrich R T Zahn
- Semiconductor Physics, Chemnitz University of Technology, D-09107 Chemnitz, Germany
- Center for Materials, Architectures and Integration of Nanomembranes (MAIN), Chemnitz University of Technology, D-09107 Chemnitz, Germany
| | - Maurizio Canepa
- OptMatLab, Physics Department, Università di Genova, via Dodecaneso 33, 16146 Genova, Italy
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36
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Wang L, Tu C, Gao H, Zhou J, Wang H, Yang Z, Pan S, Li J. Clamping effect driven design and fabrication of new infrared birefringent materials with large optical anisotropy. Sci China Chem 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s11426-022-1452-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
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37
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Li H, Yin S, He H, Xu J, Alù A, Shapiro B. Stationary Charge Radiation in Anisotropic Photonic Time Crystals. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2023; 130:093803. [PMID: 36930898 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.130.093803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Time metamaterials offer a great potential for wave manipulation, drawing increasing attention in recent years. Here, we explore the exotic wave dynamics of an anisotropic photonic time crystal (APTC) formed by an anisotropic medium whose optical properties are uniformly and periodically changed in time. Based on a temporal transfer matrix formalism, we show that a stationary charge embedded in an APTC emits radiation, in contrast to the case of isotropic photonic time crystals, and its distribution in momentum space is controlled by the APTC band structure. Our approach extends the functionalities of time metamaterials, offering new opportunities for radiation generation and control, with implications for both classical and quantum applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huanan Li
- MOE Key Laboratory of Weak-Light Nonlinear Photonics, School of Physics, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Shixiong Yin
- Photonics Initiative, Advanced Science Research Center, City University of New York, New York, New York 10031, USA
- Department of Electrical Engineering, City College of The City University of New York, New York, New York 10031, USA
| | - Huan He
- MOE Key Laboratory of Weak-Light Nonlinear Photonics, School of Physics, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Jingjun Xu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Weak-Light Nonlinear Photonics, School of Physics, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Andrea Alù
- Photonics Initiative, Advanced Science Research Center, City University of New York, New York, New York 10031, USA
- Department of Electrical Engineering, City College of The City University of New York, New York, New York 10031, USA
- Physics Program, Graduate Center, City University of New York, New York, New York 10016, USA
| | - Boris Shapiro
- Department of Physics, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 32000, Israel
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38
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Borodin BR, Benimetskiy FA, Davydov VY, Eliseyev IA, Smirnov AN, Pidgayko DA, Lepeshov SI, Bogdanov AA, Alekseev PA. Indirect bandgap MoSe 2 resonators for light-emitting nanophotonics. NANOSCALE HORIZONS 2023; 8:396-403. [PMID: 36723266 DOI: 10.1039/d2nh00465h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) are promising for new generation nanophotonics due to their unique optical properties. However, in contrast to direct bandgap TMD monolayers, bulk samples have an indirect bandgap that restricts their application as light emitters. On the other hand, the high refractive index of these materials allows for effective light trapping and the creation of high-Q resonators. In this work, a method for the nanofabrication of microcavities from indirect TMD multilayer flakes, which makes it possible to achieve pronounced resonant photoluminescence enhancement due to the cavity modes, is proposed. Whispering gallery mode (WGM) resonators are fabricated from bulk indirect MoSe2 using resistless scanning probe lithography. A micro-photoluminescence (μ-PL) investigation revealed the WGM spectra of the resonators with an enhancement factor up to 100. The characteristic features of WGMs are clearly seen from the scattering experiments which are in agreement with the results of numerical simulations. It is shown that the PL spectra in the fabricated microcavities are contributed by two mechanisms demonstrating different temperature dependences. The indirect PL, which is quenched with the temperature decrease, and the direct PL which almost does not depend on the temperature. The results of the work show that the suggested approach has great prospects in nanophotonics.
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39
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Kupriianov AS, Fesenko VI, Evlyukhin AB, Han W, Tuz VR. Trapped mode control in metasurfaces composed of particles with the form birefringence property. OPTICS EXPRESS 2023; 31:6996-7011. [PMID: 36823945 DOI: 10.1364/oe.483569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Progress in developing advanced photonic devices relies on introducing new materials, discovered physical principles, and optimal designs when constructing their components. Optical systems operating on the principles of excitation of extremely high-quality factor trapped modes (also known as the bound states in the continuum, BICs) are of great interest since they allow the implementation of laser and sensor devices with outstanding characteristics. In this paper, we discuss how one can utilize the anisotropic properties of novel materials (transition metal dichalcogenides, TMDs), particularly, the bulk molybdenum disulfide (MoS2), to realize the excitation of trapped modes in dielectric metasurfaces. The bulk MoS2 is a thin-film structure in which the light wave behaves the same way as that in the uniaxial anisotropic material with the form birefringence property. Our metasurface is composed of an array of disk-shaped nanoparticles (resonators) made of the MoS2 material under the assumption that the anisotropy axis of MoS2 can be tilted to the rotation axis of the disks. We perform a detailed analysis of eigenwaves and scattering properties of such anisotropic resonators as well as the spectral features of the metasurface revealing dependence of the excitation conditions of the trapped mode on the anisotropy axis orientation of the MoS2 material used.
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40
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Kenaz R, Rapaport R. Mapping spectroscopic micro-ellipsometry with sub-5 microns lateral resolution and simultaneous broadband acquisition at multiple angles. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2023; 94:023908. [PMID: 36859011 DOI: 10.1063/5.0123249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 01/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Spectroscopic ellipsometry is a widely used optical technique in both industry and research for determining the optical properties and thickness of thin films. The effective use of spectroscopic ellipsometry on micro-structures is inhibited by technical limitations on the lateral resolution and data acquisition rate. Here, we introduce a spectroscopic micro-ellipsometer (SME), capable of recording spectrally resolved ellipsometric data simultaneously at multiple angles of incidence in a single measurement of a few seconds, with a lateral resolution down to 2 μm in the visible spectral range. The SME can be easily integrated into generic optical microscopes by the addition of a few standard optical components. We demonstrate complex refractive index and thickness measurements by using the SME, which are in excellent agreement with a commercial spectroscopic ellipsometer. The high lateral resolution is displayed by complex refractive index and thickness maps over micron-scale areas. As an application for its accuracy and high lateral resolution, the SME can characterize the optical properties and number of layers of exfoliated transition-metal dichalcogenides and graphene, for structures that are a few microns in size.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ralfy Kenaz
- Racah Institute of Physics, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9190401, Israel
| | - Ronen Rapaport
- Racah Institute of Physics, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9190401, Israel
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41
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Kim S. All-2D material photonic devices. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2023; 5:323-328. [PMID: 36756268 PMCID: PMC9846477 DOI: 10.1039/d2na00732k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Two-dimensional (2D) materials are extensively used in almost all scientific research areas, from fundamental research to applications. Initially, 2D materials were integrated with conventional non-2D materials having well-established manufacturing methods. Recently, the concept of constructing photonic devices exclusively from 2D materials has emerged. Various devices developed to date have been demonstrated based on monolithic or hetero 2D materials. In this review, photonic devices that solely consist of 2D materials are introduced, including photonic waveguides, lenses, and optical cavities. Exploring photonic devices that are made entirely of 2D materials could open interesting prospects as they enable the thinnest devices possible because of their extraordinarily high refractive index. In addition, unique characteristics of 2D materials, such as high optical anisotropy and spin orbit coupling, might provide intriguing applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sejeong Kim
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University of Melbourne Australia
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42
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Gu H, Guo Z, Huang L, Fang M, Liu S. Investigations of Optical Functions and Optical Transitions of 2D Semiconductors by Spectroscopic Ellipsometry and DFT. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:196. [PMID: 36616106 PMCID: PMC9823946 DOI: 10.3390/nano13010196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2022] [Revised: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Optical functions and transitions are essential for a material to reveal the light-matter interactions and promote its applications. Here, we propose a quantitative strategy to systematically identify the critical point (CP) optical transitions of 2D semiconductors by combining the spectroscopic ellipsometry (SE) and DFT calculations. Optical functions and CPs are determined by SE, and connected to DFT band structure and projected density of states via equal-energy and equal-momentum lines. The combination of SE and DFT provides a powerful tool to investigate the CP optical transitions, including the transition energies and positions in Brillouin zone (BZ), and the involved energy bands and carries. As an example, the single-crystal monolayer WS2 is investigated by the proposed method. Results indicate that six excitonic-type CPs can be quantitatively distinguished in optical function of the monolayer WS2 over the spectral range of 245-1000 nm. These CPs are identified as direct optical transitions from three highest valence bands to three lowest conduction bands at high symmetry points in BZ contributed by electrons in S-3p and W-5d orbitals. Results and discussion on the monolayer WS2 demonstrate the effectiveness and advantages of the proposed method, which is general and can be easily extended to other materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Honggang Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Digital Manufacturing Equipment and Technology, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
- Optics Valley Laboratory, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Zhengfeng Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Digital Manufacturing Equipment and Technology, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
- Innovation Institute, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Liusheng Huang
- Innovation Institute, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Mingsheng Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Digital Manufacturing Equipment and Technology, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Shiyuan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Digital Manufacturing Equipment and Technology, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
- Innovation Institute, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
- School of Optical and Electronic Information, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
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43
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Meng C, Wu JS, Smalyukh II. Topological steering of light by nematic vortices and analogy to cosmic strings. NATURE MATERIALS 2023; 22:64-72. [PMID: 36456872 DOI: 10.1038/s41563-022-01414-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Liquid crystals are widely known for their technological uses in displays, electro-optics, photonics and nonlinear optics, but these applications typically rely on defining and switching non-topological spatial patterns of the optical axis. Here, we demonstrate how a liquid crystal's optical axis patterns with singular vortex lines can robustly steer beams of light. External stimuli, including an electric field and light itself, allow us to reconfigure these unusual light-matter interactions. Periodic arrays of vortices obtained by photo-patterning enable the vortex-mediated fission of optical solitons, yielding their lightning-like propagation patterns. Predesigned patterns and spatial trajectories of vortex lines in high-birefringence liquid crystals can steer light into closed loops or even knots. Our vortex lattices might find technological uses in beam steering, telecommunications, virtual reality implementations and anticounterfeiting, as well as possibly offering a model system for probing the interaction of light with defects, including the theoretically predicted, imagination-capturing light-steering action of cosmic strings, elusive defects in cosmology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cuiling Meng
- Department of Physics and Chemical Physics Program, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - Jin-Sheng Wu
- Department of Physics and Chemical Physics Program, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - Ivan I Smalyukh
- Department of Physics and Chemical Physics Program, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA.
- Materials Science and Engineering Program, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA.
- International Institute for Sustainability with Knotted Chiral Meta Matter, Hiroshima University, Higashihiroshima, Japan.
- Renewable and Sustainable Energy Institute, National Renewable Energy Laboratory and University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA.
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44
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Shi Q, Dong L, Wang Y. Evaluating Refractive Index and Birefringence of Nonlinear Optical Crystals: Classical Methods and New Developments. CHINESE JOURNAL OF STRUCTURAL CHEMISTRY 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cjsc.2023.100017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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45
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Shin DJ, Cho H, Sung J, Gong SH. Direct Observation of Self-Hybridized Exciton-Polaritons and Their Valley Polarizations in a Bare WS 2 Layer. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2022; 34:e2207735. [PMID: 36239246 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202207735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Revised: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The strong excitonic properties of transition metal dichalcogenides (TMD) have led to the successful demonstration of exciton-polaritons (EPs) in various optical cavity structures. Recently, self-hybridized EPs have been discovered in a bare TMD layer, but experimental investigation is still lacking because of their nonradiative nature. Herein, the direct observation of self-hybridized EPs in a bare multilayer WS2 via the evanescent field coupling technique is reported. Because of the thickness-dependent Rabi splitting energy, the dispersion curves of the EPs change sensitively with sample thickness. Moreover, continuous tuning of EP dispersion curves is demonstrated by controlling the excitation laser power. Lastly, it is observed that guided EPs retain valley polarization up to 0.2 at room temperature, representing a valley-preserved strong coupling regime. It is believed that the high tunability and valley polarization properties of the guided EPs in bare TMD layers can facilitate new nanophotonic and valleytronic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Jin Shin
- Department of Physics, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, South Korea
- KU Photonics Center, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, South Korea
| | - HyunHee Cho
- Department of Physics, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, South Korea
- KU Photonics Center, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, South Korea
| | - Junghyun Sung
- Department of Physics, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, South Korea
- KU Photonics Center, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, South Korea
| | - Su-Hyun Gong
- Department of Physics, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, South Korea
- KU Photonics Center, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, South Korea
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46
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Kravets V, Zhukov AA, Holwill M, Novoselov KS, Grigorenko AN. "Dead" Exciton Layer and Exciton Anisotropy of Bulk MoS 2 Extracted from Optical Measurements. ACS NANO 2022; 16:18637-18647. [PMID: 36351038 PMCID: PMC9706669 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.2c07169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Excitons (electron-hole pairs bound by the Coulomb potential) play an important role in optical and electronic properties of layered materials. They can be used to modulate light with high frequencies due to the optical Pauli blocking. The properties of excitons in 2D materials are extremely anisotropic. However, due to nanometre sizes of excitons and their short life times, reliable tools to study this anisotropy are lacking. Here, we show how direct optical reflection measurements can be used to evaluate anisotropy of excitons in transition metal dichalcogenides MoS2. Using focused beam spectroscopic ellipsometry, we have measured the polarized optical reflection of bulk MoS2 for two crystal orientations: c-axis being perpendicular to the surface from which reflection is measured and c-axis being parallel to the surface from which reflection is measured. We found that for the parallel configuration the optical reflection near excitonic transitions is strongly affected by the presence of the exciton "dead" layer such that the excitonic reflection peaks become the excitonic dips due to light interference. At the same time, the optical reflection for the perpendicular orientation is not significantly altered by the exciton "dead" layer due to large anisotropy of exciton properties. Performing simultaneous Fresnel fitting for both geometries, we were able to evaluate exciton anisotropy in layered materials from simple optical measurements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vasyl
G. Kravets
- Department
of Physics and Astronomy, Manchester University, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom
| | - Alexander A. Zhukov
- National
Graphene Institute, Manchester University, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom
| | - Matthew Holwill
- National
Graphene Institute, Manchester University, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom
| | - Kostya S. Novoselov
- Institute
for Functional Intelligent Materials, National
University of Singapore, 117544, Singapore
| | - Alexander N. Grigorenko
- Department
of Physics and Astronomy, Manchester University, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom
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47
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Cortés E, Wendisch FJ, Sortino L, Mancini A, Ezendam S, Saris S, de S. Menezes L, Tittl A, Ren H, Maier SA. Optical Metasurfaces for Energy Conversion. Chem Rev 2022; 122:15082-15176. [PMID: 35728004 PMCID: PMC9562288 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.2c00078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Nanostructured surfaces with designed optical functionalities, such as metasurfaces, allow efficient harvesting of light at the nanoscale, enhancing light-matter interactions for a wide variety of material combinations. Exploiting light-driven matter excitations in these artificial materials opens up a new dimension in the conversion and management of energy at the nanoscale. In this review, we outline the impact, opportunities, applications, and challenges of optical metasurfaces in converting the energy of incoming photons into frequency-shifted photons, phonons, and energetic charge carriers. A myriad of opportunities await for the utilization of the converted energy. Here we cover the most pertinent aspects from a fundamental nanoscopic viewpoint all the way to applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emiliano Cortés
- Chair
in Hybrid Nanosystems, Nano Institute Munich, Faculty of Physics, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Königinstraße 10, 80539 Munich, Germany,
| | - Fedja J. Wendisch
- Chair
in Hybrid Nanosystems, Nano Institute Munich, Faculty of Physics, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Königinstraße 10, 80539 Munich, Germany
| | - Luca Sortino
- Chair
in Hybrid Nanosystems, Nano Institute Munich, Faculty of Physics, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Königinstraße 10, 80539 Munich, Germany
| | - Andrea Mancini
- Chair
in Hybrid Nanosystems, Nano Institute Munich, Faculty of Physics, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Königinstraße 10, 80539 Munich, Germany
| | - Simone Ezendam
- Chair
in Hybrid Nanosystems, Nano Institute Munich, Faculty of Physics, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Königinstraße 10, 80539 Munich, Germany
| | - Seryio Saris
- Chair
in Hybrid Nanosystems, Nano Institute Munich, Faculty of Physics, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Königinstraße 10, 80539 Munich, Germany
| | - Leonardo de S. Menezes
- Chair
in Hybrid Nanosystems, Nano Institute Munich, Faculty of Physics, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Königinstraße 10, 80539 Munich, Germany,Departamento
de Física, Universidade Federal de
Pernambuco, 50670-901 Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Andreas Tittl
- Chair
in Hybrid Nanosystems, Nano Institute Munich, Faculty of Physics, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Königinstraße 10, 80539 Munich, Germany
| | - Haoran Ren
- MQ Photonics
Research Centre, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Macquarie University, Macquarie
Park, New South Wales 2109, Australia
| | - Stefan A. Maier
- Chair
in Hybrid Nanosystems, Nano Institute Munich, Faculty of Physics, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Königinstraße 10, 80539 Munich, Germany,School
of Physics and Astronomy, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia,Department
of Phyiscs, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom,
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48
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Transition metal dichalcogenide nanospheres for high-refractive-index nanophotonics and biomedical theranostics. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2022; 119:e2208830119. [PMID: 36122203 PMCID: PMC9522347 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2208830119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent developments in the area of resonant dielectric nanostructures have created attractive opportunities for concentrating and manipulating light at the nanoscale and the establishment of the new exciting field of all-dielectric nanophotonics. Transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs) with nanopatterned surfaces are especially promising for these tasks. Still, the fabrication of these structures requires sophisticated lithographic processes, drastically complicating application prospects. To bridge this gap and broaden the application scope of TMDC nanomaterials, we report here femtosecond laser-ablative fabrication of water-dispersed spherical TMDC (MoS2 and WS2) nanoparticles (NPs) of variable size (5 to 250 nm). Such NPs demonstrate exciting optical and electronic properties inherited from TMDC crystals, due to preserved crystalline structure, which offers a unique combination of pronounced excitonic response and high refractive index value, making possible a strong concentration of electromagnetic field in the NPs. Furthermore, such NPs offer additional tunability due to hybridization between the Mie and excitonic resonances. Such properties bring to life a number of nontrivial effects, including enhanced photoabsorption and photothermal conversion. As an illustration, we demonstrate that the NPs exhibit a very strong photothermal response, much exceeding that of conventional dielectric nanoresonators based on Si. Being in a mobile colloidal state and exhibiting superior optical properties compared to other dielectric resonant structures, the synthesized TMDC NPs offer opportunities for the development of next-generation nanophotonic and nanotheranostic platforms, including photothermal therapy and multimodal bioimaging.
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49
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Li Y, Zhang X, Zhou Y, Huang W, Song Y, Wang H, Li M, Hong M, Luo J, Zhao S. An Optically Anisotropic Crystal with Large Birefringence Arising from Cooperative π Orbitals. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202208811. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202208811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yanqiang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter Chinese Academy of Sciences Fuzhou 350002 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
| | - Xu Zhang
- School of Science Jiangxi University of Science and Technology Ganzhou 341000 China
| | - Yang Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter Chinese Academy of Sciences Fuzhou 350002 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
| | - Weiqi Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter Chinese Academy of Sciences Fuzhou 350002 China
| | - Yipeng Song
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter Chinese Academy of Sciences Fuzhou 350002 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
| | - Han Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter Chinese Academy of Sciences Fuzhou 350002 China
| | - Minjuan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter Chinese Academy of Sciences Fuzhou 350002 China
| | - Maochun Hong
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter Chinese Academy of Sciences Fuzhou 350002 China
| | - Junhua Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter Chinese Academy of Sciences Fuzhou 350002 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
- Fujian Science and Technology Innovation Laboratory for Optoelectronic Information of China Fuzhou 350108 China
| | - Sangen Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter Chinese Academy of Sciences Fuzhou 350002 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
- Fujian Science and Technology Innovation Laboratory for Optoelectronic Information of China Fuzhou 350108 China
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50
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Guo Z, Gu H, Fang M, Ye L, Liu S. Giant in-plane optical and electronic anisotropy of tellurene: a quantitative exploration. NANOSCALE 2022; 14:12238-12246. [PMID: 35929846 DOI: 10.1039/d2nr03226k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Tellurene's giant in-plane optical anisotropy brings richer physics and an extra degree of freedom to regulate its optical properties for designing novel and unique polarization-sensitive devices. Here, we quantitatively evaluate the in-plane optical anisotropy of tellurene and further reveal its physical origins by combining imaging Mueller matrix spectroscopic ellipsometry (MMSE) and first-principles calculations. The anisotropic complex refractive indices and dielectric functions, as well as the derived giant birefringence (|Δn|max = 0.48) and dichroism (Δk > 0.4), are accurately determined by imaging MMSE to quantitatively evaluate the in-plane optical anisotropy of tellurene. With density functional theory (DFT), tellurene's optical anisotropy is connected to its low-symmetry lattice structure with electrical anisotropy (including the anisotropic effective mass, partial charge density, and carrier mobility), leading to anisotropic electric polarization and ultimately optical anisotropy. This work provides a general and quantitative way to explore the optical anisotropy and also helps to comprehend the connection between the lattice structure and the optical anisotropy of tellurene and even other emerging low-symmetry materials, which will further promote their polarization-sensitive optical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengfeng Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Digital Manufacturing Equipment and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China.
- Innovation Institute, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Honggang Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Digital Manufacturing Equipment and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China.
- Optics Valley Laboratory, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Mingsheng Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Digital Manufacturing Equipment and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China.
| | - Lei Ye
- School of Optical and Electronic Information, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Shiyuan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Digital Manufacturing Equipment and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China.
- Optics Valley Laboratory, Wuhan 430074, China
- School of Optical and Electronic Information, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
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