1
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Wang J, Li D, Zhang J, Gao Z, Han J. Quantifying fluorescence contrast of latent fingerprints developed with micro/nanoparticles through spectroscopic analysis. Talanta 2025; 288:127717. [PMID: 39947106 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2025.127717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2025] [Revised: 02/01/2025] [Accepted: 02/10/2025] [Indexed: 03/05/2025]
Abstract
Fluorescent micro/nanoparticles have been used to visualize latent fingerprints in forensic science. However, due to the current lack of a systematic method to quantify the fluorescence contrast of developed fingerprints, the comparison of fingerprint visualization effects of various developing agents is still limited to empirical evaluation. Here, we presented a fingerprint fluorescence contrast quantification strategy that comprehensively considers fluorescence intensity and color indexes, based on photoluminescence spectroscopy analysis. The intensity index represents the relative fluorescence intensity (I) between the fingerprint and the background. The color index is quantified by its three elements, including hue, saturation, and value (L), where hue and saturation are reflected by chroma (C). Fluorescence contrast is defined as the product of relative fluorescence intensity, chroma parameter, and the common logarithm of value index (I·C·lg L). The proposed approach quantified fingerprints deposited on substrates with varying degrees of patterning and fluorescence interference, using full-color-emitting micro/nanoparticles, and was compared with existing methods, demonstrating its high detection limit, accuracy, and sensitivity. Finally, we developed a tunable multi-color fingerprint enhancement technique to enhance low-quality and low-contrast fingerprints. Therefore, the established comprehensive fluorescence contrast quantification and enhancement strategy provides a new avenue for practical forensic analysis and identification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiujiang Wang
- College of Forensic Science, Criminal Investigation Police University of China, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110854, China
| | - Dawu Li
- College of Forensic Science, Criminal Investigation Police University of China, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110854, China.
| | - Jianghua Zhang
- College of Anti-Drug and Public Security, Criminal Investigation Police University of China, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110854, China
| | - Zijian Gao
- Department of Information Systems, Business Statistics and Operations Management, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Jinke Han
- Questrom School of Business, Boston University, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
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2
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Chen J, Zhou C, Luo Y, Li W, Lin X, Zhang C, Liao S, Wen R, Qiu G, Zhang Q, Yi J, Lei W, Wang L, Rizwan S, Lin P, Liang Q. Artificial Axon with Dendritic-like Plasticity by Biomimetic Interface Engineering of Anisotropic Two-Dimensional Tellurium. NANO LETTERS 2025; 25:8619-8627. [PMID: 40377539 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.5c01478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2025]
Abstract
Spiking neural network (SNN) hardware relies on implicit assumptions that prioritize dendritic/synaptic learning above axon/synaptic concerns, compromising performances in signal capacity, accuracy, and compactness of SNN systems. Herein, we develop an artificial axon by utilizing the heterogeneity and interface state tunability in anisotropic two-dimensional (2D) tellurium (Te). By operating a multiterminal axon under the bioelectricity level, the device achieved neuron-like heterogeneous axon dynamics expansion (∼258%). An excellent dendritic-like tunability (∼197%) exhibits gain on the axons. The synergistic axon-dendrite optimization device exhibits 5-bit programmable conductance, signal filtering, and input enhancing. The accuracy of recognizing data sets based on the SNN algorithm demonstrates efficient optimization (5.2% higher accuracy) of networks by the device features, especially in the case of performing image preprocessing. This artificial neuron solution with anisotropic 2D materials utilizing biomimetic interface engineering provides a universal strategy for compact, high-precision parallel architecture of SNN hardware.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiwei Chen
- School of Microelectronics, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 511442, China
- Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Songshan Lake Mat Lab, Dongguan 523808, China
| | - Changjian Zhou
- School of Microelectronics, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 511442, China
| | - Yingjie Luo
- School of Microelectronics, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 511442, China
- Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Songshan Lake Mat Lab, Dongguan 523808, China
| | - Wenbo Li
- Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Songshan Lake Mat Lab, Dongguan 523808, China
| | - Xiankai Lin
- Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Songshan Lake Mat Lab, Dongguan 523808, China
| | - Chunlei Zhang
- Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Songshan Lake Mat Lab, Dongguan 523808, China
| | - Siyu Liao
- School of Integrated Circuit, Sun Yat-Sen university, Shenzhen 518107, China
| | - Ruolan Wen
- School of Microelectronics, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 511442, China
| | - Guitian Qiu
- Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Songshan Lake Mat Lab, Dongguan 523808, China
| | - Qian Zhang
- School of Materials, Shenzhen Campus, Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China
| | - Jianxian Yi
- Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Songshan Lake Mat Lab, Dongguan 523808, China
- School of Materials, Shenzhen Campus, Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China
| | - Wenhan Lei
- Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Songshan Lake Mat Lab, Dongguan 523808, China
- School of Materials, Shenzhen Campus, Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China
| | - Lin Wang
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Syed Rizwan
- Physics Characterization & Simulations Lab (PCSL), Department of Physics and Astronomy, School of Natural Sciences, National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), Islamabad 44000, Pakistan
| | - Pei Lin
- Key Laboratory of Materials Physics, Ministry of Education, School of Physics, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Qijie Liang
- Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Songshan Lake Mat Lab, Dongguan 523808, China
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3
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Ren Z, Zhang Z, Zhuge Y, Xiao Z, Xu S, Zhou J, Lee C. Near-Sensor Edge Computing System Enabled by a CMOS Compatible Photonic Integrated Circuit Platform Using Bilayer AlN/Si Waveguides. NANO-MICRO LETTERS 2025; 17:261. [PMID: 40387963 PMCID: PMC12089552 DOI: 10.1007/s40820-025-01743-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2025] [Accepted: 03/22/2025] [Indexed: 05/20/2025]
Abstract
The rise of large-scale artificial intelligence (AI) models, such as ChatGPT, DeepSeek, and autonomous vehicle systems, has significantly advanced the boundaries of AI, enabling highly complex tasks in natural language processing, image recognition, and real-time decision-making. However, these models demand immense computational power and are often centralized, relying on cloud-based architectures with inherent limitations in latency, privacy, and energy efficiency. To address these challenges and bring AI closer to real-world applications, such as wearable health monitoring, robotics, and immersive virtual environments, innovative hardware solutions are urgently needed. This work introduces a near-sensor edge computing (NSEC) system, built on a bilayer AlN/Si waveguide platform, to provide real-time, energy-efficient AI capabilities at the edge. Leveraging the electro-optic properties of AlN microring resonators for photonic feature extraction, coupled with Si-based thermo-optic Mach-Zehnder interferometers for neural network computations, the system represents a transformative approach to AI hardware design. Demonstrated through multimodal gesture and gait analysis, the NSEC system achieves high classification accuracies of 96.77% for gestures and 98.31% for gaits, ultra-low latency (< 10 ns), and minimal energy consumption (< 0.34 pJ). This groundbreaking system bridges the gap between AI models and real-world applications, enabling efficient, privacy-preserving AI solutions for healthcare, robotics, and next-generation human-machine interfaces, marking a pivotal advancement in edge computing and AI deployment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhihao Ren
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117583, Singapore
- Center for Intelligent Sensors and MEMS, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117608, Singapore
- National Centre for Advanced Integrated Photonics (NCAIP), Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Zixuan Zhang
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117583, Singapore
- Center for Intelligent Sensors and MEMS, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117608, Singapore
| | - Yangyang Zhuge
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117583, Singapore
- Center for Intelligent Sensors and MEMS, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117608, Singapore
| | - Zian Xiao
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117583, Singapore
- Center for Intelligent Sensors and MEMS, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117608, Singapore
| | - Siyu Xu
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117583, Singapore
- Center for Intelligent Sensors and MEMS, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117608, Singapore
| | - Jingkai Zhou
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117583, Singapore
- Center for Intelligent Sensors and MEMS, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117608, Singapore
| | - Chengkuo Lee
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117583, Singapore.
- Center for Intelligent Sensors and MEMS, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117608, Singapore.
- National Centre for Advanced Integrated Photonics (NCAIP), Singapore, 639798, Singapore.
- NUS Graduate School - Integrative Sciences and Engineering Programme (ISEP), National University of Singapore, 21 Lower Kent Ridge Road, Singapore, 119077, Singapore.
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Shin JC, Lee C, Lee J, Kim J, Jeon JA, Yang H, Jin M, Kim YS. Photonic Modulation of Negative Differential Transconductance for Tunable Multivalued Logic in Heterojunction Transistors. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2025:e2501543. [PMID: 40376937 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202501543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2025] [Revised: 04/24/2025] [Indexed: 05/18/2025]
Abstract
Logic conversion within multivalued logic (MVL) circuits is a promising solution that enhances complex data processing achieved through the modulation of negative differential transconductance (NDT) characteristics of heterojunction transistors (HTRs) using various external control factors. Among these factors, utilizing photonic modulation for logic switching facilitates multi-state operations, enables wavelength-selective logic conversion and, on this basis, enhances the flexibility of the circuit system. Herein, the implementation of logic conversion in HTRs through the photonic modulation of NDT characteristics is presented. Logic switching in the In2O3/PDPP3T HTR is enabled by tuning its NDT characteristics utilizing optical stimulation with LED light at a specific wavelength. Moreover, operating the HTR through photonic control reduces process requirements while ensuring stable operation, thereby enhancing compatibility and scalability in circuit design. The operating mechanism of the device is also investigated by individually analyzing the carrier flows in two paths and examining the electrical characteristics under dark and illuminated states. To verify the functionality of the MVL circuit, stable switching between binary and ternary logic inverters as a practical application is demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jong Chan Shin
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, and Institute of Chemical Processes, College of Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Chan Lee
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, and Institute of Chemical Processes, College of Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Jiho Lee
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, and Institute of Chemical Processes, College of Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Jiyeon Kim
- Department of Applied Bioengineering, Graduate School of Convergence Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun Ah Jeon
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, and Institute of Chemical Processes, College of Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyunkyu Yang
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, and Institute of Chemical Processes, College of Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
- Samsung Electronics Company, Suwon, 16677, Republic of Korea
| | - Minho Jin
- Program in Nano Science and Technology, Graduate School of Convergence Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
- Research Institute for Convergence Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Youn Sang Kim
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, and Institute of Chemical Processes, College of Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
- Department of Applied Bioengineering, Graduate School of Convergence Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
- Program in Nano Science and Technology, Graduate School of Convergence Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
- Advanced Institute of Convergence Technology, Suwon, 16229, Republic of Korea
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5
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Li Z, Lin Y, Shan X, Wang Z, Zhao X, Tao Y, Xu H, Liu Y. Optogenetics-Inspired Nanofluidic Artificial Dendrite with Spatiotemporal Integration Functions. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2025:e2502438. [PMID: 40376985 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202502438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2025] [Revised: 04/26/2025] [Indexed: 05/18/2025]
Abstract
Dendrites play an essential role in processing functions by facilitating the integration of spatial and temporal information in biological system. Nanofluidic memristors, which harness ions for signal transmission within electrolyte solutions, closely resemble biological neuronal ion channels and hold the potential for the development of biorealistic neuromorphic devices. Herein, inspired by the optogenetic technique that utilized light to tune the ions dynamic, an optical-controlled nanofluidic artificial dendrite by embedding layered graphene oxide (GO) within a polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) elastomer is developed. Taking advantage of the confinement effect of ions in the nanochannel, it has demonstrated optically-modulated ionic currents, which can effectively replicate dendritic functions. The mechanism can be attributed to the migration of Na+ ions, driven by the electric potential difference light illumination. The dendritic spatial and temporal multiport integrations are realized, including the dendritic sublinear/superlinear integrations and spike-rate-dependent plasticity (SRDP). Moreover, the hand withdrawal reflex, as a crucial mode of neuroregulation governed by central nerve and brain control signals, is replicated in the nanofluidic dendrite-based neuromorphic system, capable of managing a range of withdrawal states of a mechanical arm. This work offers a new strategy for developing nanofluidic artificial dendrite and paves the way toward developing advanced neuromorphic sensorimotor systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuangzhuang Li
- Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory for UV Light-Emitting Materials and Technology (Northeast Normal University), 5268 Renmin Street, Changchun, 130024, P. R. China
| | - Ya Lin
- Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory for UV Light-Emitting Materials and Technology (Northeast Normal University), 5268 Renmin Street, Changchun, 130024, P. R. China
| | - Xuanyu Shan
- Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory for UV Light-Emitting Materials and Technology (Northeast Normal University), 5268 Renmin Street, Changchun, 130024, P. R. China
| | - Zhongqiang Wang
- Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory for UV Light-Emitting Materials and Technology (Northeast Normal University), 5268 Renmin Street, Changchun, 130024, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoning Zhao
- Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory for UV Light-Emitting Materials and Technology (Northeast Normal University), 5268 Renmin Street, Changchun, 130024, P. R. China
| | - Ye Tao
- Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory for UV Light-Emitting Materials and Technology (Northeast Normal University), 5268 Renmin Street, Changchun, 130024, P. R. China
| | - Haiyang Xu
- Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory for UV Light-Emitting Materials and Technology (Northeast Normal University), 5268 Renmin Street, Changchun, 130024, P. R. China
| | - Yichun Liu
- Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory for UV Light-Emitting Materials and Technology (Northeast Normal University), 5268 Renmin Street, Changchun, 130024, P. R. China
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6
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Li P, Sa Z, Zang Z, Wang G, Wang M, Liao L, Chen F, Yang ZX. Light-induced tunable threshold voltage and synaptic behavior of a solution-processed indium oxide thin film transistor for logic computing and image denoising. MATERIALS HORIZONS 2025. [PMID: 40351168 DOI: 10.1039/d5mh00102a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2025]
Abstract
Oxygen vacancies (VO) play a crucial role in promising amorphous metal oxide films for next-generation logic and synaptic computing. Here, a simple and reversible annealing-illumination method is introduced to control the concentration of VO in solution-processed amorphous indium oxide thin-film transistors (TFTs), resulting in the precise regulation of the threshold voltage (VTH) in a large range from 1.6 V to -21.7 V. Meanwhile, clear photo-synaptic behaviors are observed. These impressive behaviors result from the VO-related carrier trapping and detrapping processes. With the precise regulation of VTH by illumination, the TFTs are constructed as inverters, displaying tunable voltage gains from 5.7 to 10.6. Owing to the excellent photo-synaptic behavior, the TFTs are employed to demonstrate the optoelectronic logic functions of "OR", "AND", "NOR", and "NAND". Moreover, a 5 × 5 TFTs array is employed to demonstrate the real-time image preprocessing and image denoising functions, displaying an impressive accuracy of 96%. Furthermore, the improvement of the recognition accuracy will increase to a maximum value of 88%. This work shows the potential of amorphous indium oxide TFTs in future multifunctional logic circuits and efficient, all-optical neuromorphic vision systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengsheng Li
- School of Physics, Shandong University, Jinan 2510100, China.
| | - Zixu Sa
- School of Physics, Shandong University, Jinan 2510100, China.
| | - Zeqi Zang
- School of Physics, Shandong University, Jinan 2510100, China.
| | - Guangcan Wang
- School of Physics, Shandong University, Jinan 2510100, China.
| | - Mingxu Wang
- School of Physics, Shandong University, Jinan 2510100, China.
| | - Lei Liao
- College of Semiconductors (College of Integrated Circuits), Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China.
| | - Feng Chen
- School of Physics, Shandong University, Jinan 2510100, China.
| | - Zai-Xing Yang
- School of Physics, Shandong University, Jinan 2510100, China.
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7
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Komatsu H, Hosoda N, Ikuno T. Polarity-tunable dye-sensitized optoelectronic artificial synapses for physical reservoir computing-based machine vision. Sci Rep 2025; 15:16488. [PMID: 40355457 PMCID: PMC12069640 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-025-00693-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2025] [Accepted: 04/29/2025] [Indexed: 05/14/2025] Open
Abstract
Conventional machine vision systems process huge time-series data per second, presenting significant challenges for edge-device applications due to limitations in data transfer and storage. Inspired by the human visual system, artificial optoelectronic synapses replicating synaptic responses have emerged as promising solutions. However, achieving color recognition comparable to human vision remains challenging. Moreover, most optoelectronic artificial synapses rely on photocurrent-based operation, producing low current values and necessitating external circuits. This study reports a self-powered optoelectronic artificial synapse capable of distinguishing wavelengths with a resolution of 10 nm by integrating dye-sensitized solar cells. The device exhibits synaptic responses to light pulses and bipolar responses when exposed to different wavelengths. The wavelength-dependent bipolar behavior enables exceptional separation capabilities, achieving six-bit resolution with 64 distinct states and supporting multiple logic operations, including AND, OR, and XOR, within a single device. Additionally, the device leverages distinct responses to red, green, and blue light irradiation for physical reservoir computing, facilitating the classification of color-coded human motion with an accuracy of 82%. These findings advance the development of optoelectronic artificial synapses for precise, human-eye-like color discrimination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroaki Komatsu
- Department of Applied Electronics, Graduate School of Advanced Engineering, Tokyo University of Science, Katsushika, Tokyo, 125-8585, Japan
| | - Norika Hosoda
- Department of Applied Electronics, Graduate School of Advanced Engineering, Tokyo University of Science, Katsushika, Tokyo, 125-8585, Japan
| | - Takashi Ikuno
- Department of Applied Electronics, Graduate School of Advanced Engineering, Tokyo University of Science, Katsushika, Tokyo, 125-8585, Japan.
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8
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Huang T, Wang Y, Jin Z, Liu H, Wang K, Chee TL, Shi Y, Yan S. A Review of Nanowire Devices Applied in Simulating Neuromorphic Computing. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2025; 15:724. [PMID: 40423114 DOI: 10.3390/nano15100724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2025] [Revised: 05/05/2025] [Accepted: 05/09/2025] [Indexed: 05/28/2025]
Abstract
With the rapid advancement of artificial intelligence and machine learning technologies, the demand for enhanced device computing capabilities has significantly increased. Neuromorphic computing, an emerging computational paradigm inspired by the human brain, has garnered growing attention as a promising research frontier. Inspired by the human brain's functionality, this technology mimics the behavior of neurons and synapses to enable efficient, low-power computing. Unlike conventional digital systems, this approach offers a potentially superior alternative. This article delves into the application of nanowire materials (and devices) in neuromorphic computing simulations: First, it introduces the synthesis and preparation methods of nanowire materials. Then, it analyzes in detail the key role of nanowire devices in constructing artificial neural networks, especially their advantages in simulating the functions of neurons and synapses. Compared with traditional silicon-based material devices, it focuses on how nanowire devices can achieve higher connection density and lower energy consumption, thereby enabling new types of neuromorphic computing. Finally, it looks forward to the application potential of nanowire devices in the field of future neuromorphic computing, expecting them to become a key force in promoting the development of intelligent computing, with extensive application prospects in the fields of informatics and medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianci Huang
- School of Integrated Circuit Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Yuxuan Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Solid-State Microwave Devices and Circuits, Nanjing 210005, China
| | - Zhihan Jin
- School of Integrated Circuit Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Hao Liu
- School of Integrated Circuit Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Kaili Wang
- School of Integrated Circuit Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Tan Leong Chee
- School of Integrated Circuit Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Yi Shi
- School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Shancheng Yan
- School of Integrated Circuit Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing 210023, China
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9
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Cui D, Pei M, Lin Z, Zhang H, Kang M, Wang Y, Gao X, Su J, Miao J, Li Y, Zhang J, Hao Y, Chang J. Versatile optoelectronic memristor based on wide-bandgap Ga 2O 3 for artificial synapses and neuromorphic computing. LIGHT, SCIENCE & APPLICATIONS 2025; 14:161. [PMID: 40229240 PMCID: PMC11997223 DOI: 10.1038/s41377-025-01773-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2024] [Revised: 01/15/2025] [Accepted: 01/31/2025] [Indexed: 04/16/2025]
Abstract
Optoelectronic memristors possess capabilities of data storage and mimicking human visual perception. They hold great promise in neuromorphic visual systems (NVs). This study introduces the amorphous wide-bandgap Ga2O3 photoelectric synaptic memristor, which achieves 3-bit data storage through the adjustment of current compliance (Icc) and the utilization of variable ultraviolet (UV-254 nm) light intensities. The "AND" and "OR" logic gates in memristor-aided logic (MAGIC) are implemented by utilizing voltage polarity and UV light as input signals. The device also exhibits highly stable synaptic characteristics such as paired-pulse facilitation (PPF), spike-intensity dependent plasticity (SIDP), spike-number dependent plasticity (SNDP), spike-time dependent plasticity (STDP), spike-frequency dependent plasticity (SFDP) and the learning experience behavior. Finally, when integrated into an artificial neural network (ANN), the Ag/Ga2O3/Pt memristive device mimicked optical pulse potentiation and electrical pulse depression with high pattern accuracy (90.7%). The single memristive cells with multifunctional features are promising candidates for optoelectronic memory storage, neuromorphic computing, and artificial visual perception applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongsheng Cui
- Advanced Interdisciplinary Research Center for Flexible Electronics, Academy of Advanced Interdisciplinary Research, Xidian University, 710071, Xi'an, China
- State Key Laboratory of Wide-Bandgap Semiconductor Devices and Integrated Technology, School of Microelectronics, Xidian University, 710071, Xi'an, China
| | - Mengjiao Pei
- National Laboratory of Solid-State Microstructures, School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, 210093, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhenhua Lin
- Advanced Interdisciplinary Research Center for Flexible Electronics, Academy of Advanced Interdisciplinary Research, Xidian University, 710071, Xi'an, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Wide-Bandgap Semiconductor Devices and Integrated Technology, School of Microelectronics, Xidian University, 710071, Xi'an, China.
| | - Hong Zhang
- Advanced Interdisciplinary Research Center for Flexible Electronics, Academy of Advanced Interdisciplinary Research, Xidian University, 710071, Xi'an, China
- State Key Laboratory of Wide-Bandgap Semiconductor Devices and Integrated Technology, School of Microelectronics, Xidian University, 710071, Xi'an, China
| | - Mengyang Kang
- Advanced Interdisciplinary Research Center for Flexible Electronics, Academy of Advanced Interdisciplinary Research, Xidian University, 710071, Xi'an, China
- State Key Laboratory of Wide-Bandgap Semiconductor Devices and Integrated Technology, School of Microelectronics, Xidian University, 710071, Xi'an, China
| | - Yifei Wang
- Advanced Interdisciplinary Research Center for Flexible Electronics, Academy of Advanced Interdisciplinary Research, Xidian University, 710071, Xi'an, China
- State Key Laboratory of Wide-Bandgap Semiconductor Devices and Integrated Technology, School of Microelectronics, Xidian University, 710071, Xi'an, China
| | - Xiangxiang Gao
- Advanced Interdisciplinary Research Center for Flexible Electronics, Academy of Advanced Interdisciplinary Research, Xidian University, 710071, Xi'an, China
| | - Jie Su
- Advanced Interdisciplinary Research Center for Flexible Electronics, Academy of Advanced Interdisciplinary Research, Xidian University, 710071, Xi'an, China
- State Key Laboratory of Wide-Bandgap Semiconductor Devices and Integrated Technology, School of Microelectronics, Xidian University, 710071, Xi'an, China
| | - Jinshui Miao
- State Key Laboratory of Infrared Physics, Shanghai Institute of Technical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200083, China
| | - Yun Li
- National Laboratory of Solid-State Microstructures, School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, 210093, Nanjing, China.
| | - Jincheng Zhang
- Advanced Interdisciplinary Research Center for Flexible Electronics, Academy of Advanced Interdisciplinary Research, Xidian University, 710071, Xi'an, China
- State Key Laboratory of Wide-Bandgap Semiconductor Devices and Integrated Technology, School of Microelectronics, Xidian University, 710071, Xi'an, China
| | - Yue Hao
- State Key Laboratory of Wide-Bandgap Semiconductor Devices and Integrated Technology, School of Microelectronics, Xidian University, 710071, Xi'an, China
| | - Jingjing Chang
- Advanced Interdisciplinary Research Center for Flexible Electronics, Academy of Advanced Interdisciplinary Research, Xidian University, 710071, Xi'an, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Wide-Bandgap Semiconductor Devices and Integrated Technology, School of Microelectronics, Xidian University, 710071, Xi'an, China.
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10
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Fan D, Liang X, Zhang C, Chen J, Wu B, Jia W, Zhang D. Smart touchless palm sensing via palm adjustment and dynamic registration. Nat Commun 2025; 16:2912. [PMID: 40133292 PMCID: PMC11937390 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-025-58213-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2024] [Accepted: 03/13/2025] [Indexed: 03/27/2025] Open
Abstract
Touchless palm recognition is increasingly popular for its effectiveness, privacy, and hygiene benefits in biometric systems. However, several challenges remain, including significant performance degradation caused by variations in palm positioning and capture distance. To address these issues, this paper introduces a comprehensive sensing system that integrates dynamic registration with robust palm adjustment. Specifically, we conduct a thorough investigation of distance variations to establish optimal registration settings. In addition, we propose an edge-aware, rotation-invariant region of interest alignment method, which ensures spatial alignment for any given palm across its different samples, even under challenging conditions. By embedding it into a palm registration framework based on video sequences, we improve the system's ability to adapt to varying conditions automatically. Extensive experiments on various datasets demonstrate that the proposed method significantly enhances the performance of touchless palm recognition systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dandan Fan
- School of Data Science, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen (CUHK-Shenzhen), Shenzhen, China
| | - Xu Liang
- School of Software, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Chunsheng Zhang
- School of Data Science, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen (CUHK-Shenzhen), Shenzhen, China
| | - Junan Chen
- School of Data Science, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen (CUHK-Shenzhen), Shenzhen, China
| | - Baoyuan Wu
- School of Data Science, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen (CUHK-Shenzhen), Shenzhen, China
| | - Wei Jia
- School of Computer Science and Information Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, China
| | - David Zhang
- School of Data Science, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen (CUHK-Shenzhen), Shenzhen, China.
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11
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Huo Q, Feng S, Wang D, Liu H. Daylight Visualization of Latent Fingerprints Exceeding Level 3 Details through Contradictory Electrostatic and Hydrogen-Bonding Interactions. ACS Sens 2025; 10:1166-1177. [PMID: 39937657 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.4c03043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/14/2025]
Abstract
Daylight visualization of latent fingerprints (LFPs) is highly desirable due to its convenience and safety for inspectors. However, achieving this visualization with details exceeding level 3 using nontoxic materials presents a significant challenge. Here, we address this challenge by utilizing cyclosiloxane-linked fluorescent porous polymers (FPPs) as the developers. These FPPs were synthesized from 2,4,6,8-tetramethyl-2,4,6,8-tetravinylcyclotetrasiloxane and brominated monomers via Heck reactions. The resulting FPPs, available as powders in various colors, exhibit high porosity and strong fluorescence. By employing the classical powder dusting method with FPPs, LFPs with level 1-3 details become visible on various substrates, including copper, iron, aluminum, tinfoil, and wood, under daylight. This approach provides high resolution and contrast with strong resistance to background interference on colored substrates. The efficient visualization is attributed to contradictory electrostatic and hydrogen-bonding interactions between FPPs and fingerprint secretions, which ensure strong adhesion of the materials exclusively to the ridges of fingerprints rather than the furrows. Furthermore, the FPPs are noncytotoxic and do not impede DNA extraction and identification after LFP visualization. This study represents the first example of daylight visualization of LFPs with details surpassing level 3 using nontoxic developers, thereby mitigating the risks associated with material toxicity and light exposure for inspectors. These findings highlight the potential of FPPs as efficient developers for LFP visualization in crime scenes. This straightforward and broadly applicable protocol may pave the way for further advancements in daylight visualization methods for LFPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiming Huo
- National Engineering Research Center for Colloidal Materials & Key Laboratory of Special Functional Aggregated Materials, Ministry of Education, Shandong Key Laboratory of Advanced Organosilicon Materials and Technologies, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, P. R. China
| | - Shengyu Feng
- National Engineering Research Center for Colloidal Materials & Key Laboratory of Special Functional Aggregated Materials, Ministry of Education, Shandong Key Laboratory of Advanced Organosilicon Materials and Technologies, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, P. R. China
| | - Dengxu Wang
- National Engineering Research Center for Colloidal Materials & Key Laboratory of Special Functional Aggregated Materials, Ministry of Education, Shandong Key Laboratory of Advanced Organosilicon Materials and Technologies, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, P. R. China
| | - Hongzhi Liu
- National Engineering Research Center for Colloidal Materials & Key Laboratory of Special Functional Aggregated Materials, Ministry of Education, Shandong Key Laboratory of Advanced Organosilicon Materials and Technologies, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, P. R. China
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12
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Wang H, Guo Z, He Z, Lin G, He C, Chen G, Peng Z. Flexible Alternating-Current Electroluminescent Devices for Reliable Identification of Fingerprints. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2025; 17:11888-11897. [PMID: 39950366 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c22178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/28/2025]
Abstract
Flexible bioelectronic devices, which can directly detect various external stimuli or biosignals and communicate the information to the users, have been broadly investigated due to the increasing demand for wearable devices. Among them, alternating-current electroluminescence (ACEL) devices are proposed as sensitive sensing systems for various targets, such as fingerprints. Herein, we propose a method for preparing high-performance ACEL devices by using an Ag electrode, polyethylene terephthalate (PET) substrate, FKM/EMI ionogel, and ZnS:Cu/BaTiO3/Ecoflex emissive layer. Their influence has also been studied for achieving high performances. The results demonstrate that the prepared ACEL devices can achieve high performances of emitting bright green and blue light when contacted with various ionic liquids. Significantly, they achieved good sensing performance for detecting Na+ with a limit of detection at 17.1 μM in the linear range of 100-800 mM. Moreover, the ACEL devices can be used for identity recognition, as they are capable of efficient collection and distinguishing of fingerprints. Even the characteristics of fingerprints collected from bending surfaces or contaminated fingers could be distinguished by the naked eyes. Compared with commercial fingerprint devices, our ACEL devices exhibit superior performance in fingerprint identification. High-resolution and three-dimensional image analysis further validates the reliability of our ACEL devices in fingerprint collection and identification. As such, we believe that the designed ACEL devices have very promising application prospects in many fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haifei Wang
- Center for Stretchable Electronics and NanoSensors, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Zenan Guo
- Center for Stretchable Electronics and NanoSensors, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Zhaoqiang He
- Center for Stretchable Electronics and NanoSensors, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Guanhua Lin
- Strait Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (SLoFE), Fujian Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics, and Strait Institute of Flexible Electronics (SIFE, Future Technologies), Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350117, China
| | - Chubin He
- Center for Stretchable Electronics and NanoSensors, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Gang Chen
- Strait Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (SLoFE), Fujian Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics, and Strait Institute of Flexible Electronics (SIFE, Future Technologies), Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350117, China
| | - Zhengchun Peng
- Center for Stretchable Electronics and NanoSensors, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
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13
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Xia J, Wan Z, Peng C, Liu Y, Chen PA, Wei H, Ding J, Zhang Y, Hu Y. Ion-Gel Gated Perovskite Field-Effect Transistors with Low Power Consumption and High Stability for Neuromorphic Applications. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2025; 17:10886-10897. [PMID: 39908040 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c19269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2025]
Abstract
Ruddlesden-Popper (RP) tin halide perovskites (THPs), exemplified by PEA2SnI4, are promising two-dimensional semiconductors for optoelectronic applications, yet their field-effect transistors (FETs) often suffer from high operating voltages and stability issues. Addressing these challenges, we developed a novel approach for integrating ion gel dielectrics composed of PVDF-HFP and [EMIM+][TFSI-] with PEA2SnI4, achieving FETs with record-low operating voltages as low as 2 V. Additionally, by substituting PEA+ with BA+ in BA2SnI4 FETs, we achieve enhanced device stability, with these devices exhibiting prolonged functionality exceeding 100 days. Uniform performance was also observed across 30 randomly tested devices fabricated on a 2 inch silicon wafer. These FETs also demonstrated synaptic behavior with ultralow energy consumption (5 × 10-11 J per operation). Leveraging these advancements, we constructed artificial neural networks for item classification, achieving high accuracy (97%). Moreover, the energy consumption for a single training process based on ion-gel gated BA2SnI4 FETs is approximately 2 orders of magnitude lower than that of similar networks based on the NVIDIA GeForce RTX 4060 GPU. Our results highlight the potential of ion-gel gated BA2SnI4 FETs for low-power, high-stability applications, paving the way for the next generation of perovskite-based electronic and neuromorphic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiangnan Xia
- Key Laboratory for Micro/Nano Optoelectronic Devices of Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Electronics, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
- International Science and Technology Innovation Cooperation Base for Advanced Display Technologies of Hunan Province, College of Semiconductors (College of Integrated Circuits), Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
- Shenzhen Research Institute of Hunan University, Shenzhen 518063, China
| | - Ziyu Wan
- International Science and Technology Innovation Cooperation Base for Advanced Display Technologies of Hunan Province, College of Semiconductors (College of Integrated Circuits), Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Chengyuan Peng
- International Science and Technology Innovation Cooperation Base for Advanced Display Technologies of Hunan Province, College of Semiconductors (College of Integrated Circuits), Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Yu Liu
- Key Laboratory for Micro/Nano Optoelectronic Devices of Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Electronics, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Ping-An Chen
- Key Laboratory for Micro/Nano Optoelectronic Devices of Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Electronics, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Huan Wei
- Key Laboratory for Micro/Nano Optoelectronic Devices of Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Electronics, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Jiaqi Ding
- International Science and Technology Innovation Cooperation Base for Advanced Display Technologies of Hunan Province, College of Semiconductors (College of Integrated Circuits), Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- International Science and Technology Innovation Cooperation Base for Advanced Display Technologies of Hunan Province, College of Semiconductors (College of Integrated Circuits), Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Yuanyuan Hu
- Key Laboratory for Micro/Nano Optoelectronic Devices of Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Electronics, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
- International Science and Technology Innovation Cooperation Base for Advanced Display Technologies of Hunan Province, College of Semiconductors (College of Integrated Circuits), Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
- Shenzhen Research Institute of Hunan University, Shenzhen 518063, China
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14
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Park H, Han JK, Yim S, Shin DH, Park TW, Woo KS, Lee SH, Cho JM, Kim HW, Park T, Hwang CS. An Analysis of Components and Enhancement Strategies for Advancing Memristive Neural Networks. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2025; 37:e2412549. [PMID: 39801198 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202412549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2024] [Revised: 12/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/26/2025]
Abstract
Advancements in artificial intelligence (AI) and big data have highlighted the limitations of traditional von Neumann architectures, such as excessive power consumption and limited performance improvement with increasing parameter numbers. These challenges are significant for edge devices requiring higher energy and area efficiency. Recently, many reports on memristor-based neural networks (Mem-NN) using resistive switching memory have shown efficient computing performance with a low power requirement. Even further performance optimization can be made using engineering resistive switching mechanisms. Nevertheless, systematic reviews that address the circuit-to-material aspects of Mem-NNs, including their dedicated algorithms, remain limited. This review first categorizes the memristor-based neural networks into three components: pre-processing units, processing units, and learning algorithms. Then, the optimization methods to improve integration and operational reliability are discussed across materials, devices, circuits, and algorithms for each component. Furthermore, the review compares recent advancements in chip-level neuromorphic hardware with conventional systems, including graphic processing units. The ongoing challenges and future directions in the field are discussed, highlighting the research to enhance the functionality and reliability of Mem-NNs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyungjun Park
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering and Inter-University Semiconductor Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Joon-Kyu Han
- System Semiconductor Engineering and Department of Electronic Engineering, Sogang University, 35 Baekbeom-ro, Mapo-gu, Seoul, 04107, Republic of Korea
| | - Seongpil Yim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering and Inter-University Semiconductor Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Hoon Shin
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering and Inter-University Semiconductor Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae Won Park
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering and Inter-University Semiconductor Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung Seok Woo
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering and Inter-University Semiconductor Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo Hyung Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering and Inter-University Semiconductor Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Min Cho
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering and Inter-University Semiconductor Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Wook Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering and Inter-University Semiconductor Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Taegyun Park
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering and Inter-University Semiconductor Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Cheol Seong Hwang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering and Inter-University Semiconductor Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
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15
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Zhao Z, Hu Z, Deng M, Hong E, Wang P, Li Z, Fang X. Bias-Switchable Photodetection and Photosynapse Dual-Functional Devices Based on 2D Perovskite/Organic Heterojunction for Imaging-to-Recognition Conversion. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2025; 37:e2416033. [PMID: 39648569 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202416033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2024] [Revised: 11/21/2024] [Indexed: 12/10/2024]
Abstract
Optoelectronic devices with imaging and recognition capabilities are crucial for developing artificial visual system (AVS). Bias-switchable photodetection and photosynaptic devices have been developed using 2D perovskite oxide/organic heterojunctions. This unique structure allows for modulated carrier dynamics under varied bias conditions, enabling the devices to function as photodetectors without bias and as photosynapses with bias. At zero bias, the device achieves high responsivity (≈0.36 A W-1 at 320 nm) and rapid response speed (0.57 s). Under a -0.5 V bias, it exhibits persistent photoconductivity (PPC), resulting in neuromorphic synaptic behaviors with a paired-pulse facilitation (PPF) index exceeding 300%. Moreover, an 8 × 8 sensor array demonstrates image sensing and memory capabilities, showing in situ enhanced imaging when switching the bias from 0 to -0.5 V, and over 200 s of image memory. The image processing and recognition abilities are further explored by constructing an AVS using a 28 × 28 device array combined with an artificial neural network (ANN). The adjustable synaptic weight under different reverse biases allowed for optimized simulated recognition, achieving an accuracy of 92% after 160 training epochs. This work presents a novel method for creating dual-functional photodetection and photosynaptic devices, paving the way for a more integrated and efficient AVS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zijin Zhao
- Department of Materials Science, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, P. R. China
| | - Zijun Hu
- Department of Materials Science, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, P. R. China
| | - Ming Deng
- Department of Materials Science, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, P. R. China
| | - Enliu Hong
- Department of Materials Science, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, P. R. China
| | - Peixi Wang
- Department of Materials Science, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, P. R. China
| | - Ziqing Li
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Research Base of Intelligent Optoelectronics and Perception Institute of Optoelectronics, State Key Laboratory of Photovoltaic Science and Technology, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, P. R. China
| | - Xiaosheng Fang
- Department of Materials Science, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, P. R. China
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Research Base of Intelligent Optoelectronics and Perception Institute of Optoelectronics, State Key Laboratory of Photovoltaic Science and Technology, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, P. R. China
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16
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Zhao R, Kim SJ, Xu Y, Zhao J, Wang T, Midya R, Ganguli S, Roy AK, Dubey M, Williams RS, Yang JJ. Memristive Ion Dynamics to Enable Biorealistic Computing. Chem Rev 2025; 125:745-785. [PMID: 39729346 PMCID: PMC11759055 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.4c00587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2024] [Revised: 12/10/2024] [Accepted: 12/16/2024] [Indexed: 12/28/2024]
Abstract
Conventional artificial intelligence (AI) systems are facing bottlenecks due to the fundamental mismatches between AI models, which rely on parallel, in-memory, and dynamic computation, and traditional transistors, which have been designed and optimized for sequential logic operations. This calls for the development of novel computing units beyond transistors. Inspired by the high efficiency and adaptability of biological neural networks, computing systems mimicking the capabilities of biological structures are gaining more attention. Ion-based memristive devices (IMDs), owing to the intrinsic functional similarities to their biological counterparts, hold significant promise for implementing emerging neuromorphic learning and computing algorithms. In this article, we review the fundamental mechanisms of IMDs based on ion drift and diffusion to elucidate the origins of their diverse dynamics. We then examine how these mechanisms operate within different materials to enable IMDs with various types of switching behaviors, leading to a wide range of applications, from emulating biological components to realizing specialized computing requirements. Furthermore, we explore the potential for IMDs to be modified and tuned to achieve customized dynamics, which positions them as one of the most promising hardware candidates for executing bioinspired algorithms with unique specifications. Finally, we identify the challenges currently facing IMDs that hinder their widespread usage and highlight emerging research directions that could significantly benefit from incorporating IMDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruoyu Zhao
- Ming
Hsieh Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089, United States
| | - Seung Ju Kim
- Ming
Hsieh Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089, United States
| | - Yichun Xu
- Ming
Hsieh Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089, United States
| | - Jian Zhao
- Ming
Hsieh Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089, United States
| | - Tong Wang
- Ming
Hsieh Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089, United States
| | - Rivu Midya
- Sandia
National Laboratories, Livermore, California 94550, United States
- Department
of Electrical & Computer Engineering, Texas A&M University, College
Station, Texas, 77843, United States
| | - Sabyasachi Ganguli
- Air
Force Research Laboratory Materials and Manufacturing Directorate
Wright − Patterson Air Force Base Dayton, Ohio 45433, United States
| | - Ajit K. Roy
- Air
Force Research Laboratory Materials and Manufacturing Directorate
Wright − Patterson Air Force Base Dayton, Ohio 45433, United States
| | - Madan Dubey
- Sensors
and Electron Devices Directorate, U.S. Army
Research Laboratory, Adelphi, Maryland 20723, United States
| | - R. Stanley Williams
- Ming
Hsieh Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089, United States
| | - J. Joshua Yang
- Ming
Hsieh Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089, United States
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17
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Komatsu H, Hosoda N, Ikuno T. Self-Powered Dye-Sensitized Solar-Cell-Based Synaptic Devices for Multi-Scale Time-Series Data Processing in Physical Reservoir Computing. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2025; 17:5056-5065. [PMID: 39466668 PMCID: PMC11758776 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c11061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2024] [Revised: 10/11/2024] [Accepted: 10/18/2024] [Indexed: 10/30/2024]
Abstract
Physical reservoir computing (PRC) using synaptic devices has attracted attention as a promising edge artificial intelligence device. To handle time-series data on various time scales, it is necessary to fabricate devices with the desired time scale. In this study, we fabricated a dye-sensitized solar-cell-based synaptic device with controllable time constants by changing the light intensity. This device showed synaptic features, such as paired-pulse facilitation and paired-pulse depression, in response to light intensity. Moreover, we found that the high computational performance of the time-series data processing task was achieved by changing the light intensity, even when the input pulse width was varied. In addition, the fabricated device can be used for motion recognition tasks. This study paves the way for realizing multiple time-scale PRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroaki Komatsu
- Department of Applied Electronics,
Graduate School of Advanced Engineering, Tokyo University of Science, Katsushika, Tokyo 125-8585, Japan
| | - Norika Hosoda
- Department of Applied Electronics,
Graduate School of Advanced Engineering, Tokyo University of Science, Katsushika, Tokyo 125-8585, Japan
| | - Takashi Ikuno
- Department of Applied Electronics,
Graduate School of Advanced Engineering, Tokyo University of Science, Katsushika, Tokyo 125-8585, Japan
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18
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Pan W, Wang L, Tang J, Huang H, Hao Z, Sun C, Xiong B, Wang J, Han Y, Li H, Gan L, Luo Y. Optoelectronic array of photodiodes integrated with RRAMs for energy-efficient in-sensor computing. LIGHT, SCIENCE & APPLICATIONS 2025; 14:48. [PMID: 39814700 PMCID: PMC11736068 DOI: 10.1038/s41377-025-01743-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2024] [Revised: 12/13/2024] [Accepted: 01/02/2025] [Indexed: 01/18/2025]
Abstract
The rapid development of internet of things (IoT) urgently needs edge miniaturized computing devices with high efficiency and low-power consumption. In-sensor computing has emerged as a promising technology to enable in-situ data processing within the sensor array. Here, we report an optoelectronic array for in-sensor computing by integrating photodiodes (PDs) with resistive random-access memories (RRAMs). The PD-RRAM unit cell exhibits reconfigurable optoelectronic output and photo-responsivity by programming RRAMs into different resistance states. Furthermore, a 3 × 3 PD-RRAM array is fabricated to demonstrate optical image recognition, achieving a universal architecture with ultralow latency and low power consumption. This study highlights the great potential of the PD-RRAM optoelectronic array as an energy-efficient in-sensor computing primitive for future IoT applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Pan
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Lai Wang
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.
- Beijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology (BNRist), Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China.
| | - Jianshi Tang
- Beijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology (BNRist), Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
- School of Integrated Circuits, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Heyi Huang
- School of Integrated Circuits, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Zhibiao Hao
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
- Beijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology (BNRist), Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Changzheng Sun
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
- Beijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology (BNRist), Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Bing Xiong
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
- Beijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology (BNRist), Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Jian Wang
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
- Beijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology (BNRist), Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Yanjun Han
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
- Beijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology (BNRist), Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Hongtao Li
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
- Beijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology (BNRist), Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Lin Gan
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
- Beijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology (BNRist), Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Yi Luo
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
- Beijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology (BNRist), Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
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19
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Di L, Jiang Y, Song Q, Sun W, Xing Y, Yang Z, Xia Z, Zhang T, Chen X. Rotor proliferation promotes high-brightness AIE of iridium emitter accomplishing high-contrast luminous imaging of latent fingerprints to level 3 details. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2025; 325:125145. [PMID: 39299072 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2024.125145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2024] [Accepted: 09/12/2024] [Indexed: 09/22/2024]
Abstract
Luminous imaging of latent fingerprints (LFPs) necessitates the possession of high-brightness aggregation-state luminescence by developers to ensure sufficient imaging contrast and resolution. A novel strategy involving incremental rotor modification is presented for AIE activation of the iridium developer. The rotor proliferation prominently improves the rotational activity of groups and facilitates high-efficiency RIM, thereby prompting the AIE activation of iridium developer with high luminous efficiency. Subsequently, a prompt, high-contrast, and robust LFP imaging protocol is developed utilizing the high-brightness AIE-active iridium developer. This innovative protocol realizes the luminous imaging and quantification of microscopic features in fingerprint ridges and furrows, including ridge widths, edge morphology of ridges, included angles, pores, and pore pitches with exceptional imaging contrast and refined detail resolution. Moreover, it allows for accurate identification of individual traits across diverse substrates without any pre-/post-processing to LFPs. The high-brightness AIE-active iridium developer provides outstanding aging resistance to developed fingerprints, thereby strongly supporting the acquisition, transfer, and preservation of fingerprint evidence. The luminous imaging protocol of LFPs based on high-brightness AIE exhibits robust adaptability to actual scenes and offers a premium scheme for facilitating forensic investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Di
- School of Petrochemical Engineering, Liaoning Petrochemical University, Fushun 113001, China
| | - Yingnan Jiang
- School of Petrochemical Engineering, Liaoning Petrochemical University, Fushun 113001, China
| | - Qi Song
- School of Petrochemical Engineering, Liaoning Petrochemical University, Fushun 113001, China
| | - Wen Sun
- School of Petrochemical Engineering, Liaoning Petrochemical University, Fushun 113001, China
| | - Yang Xing
- School of Petrochemical Engineering, Liaoning Petrochemical University, Fushun 113001, China.
| | - Zhanxu Yang
- School of Petrochemical Engineering, Liaoning Petrochemical University, Fushun 113001, China.
| | - Zhengqiang Xia
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an 710127, China.
| | - Ting Zhang
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China.
| | - Xuebing Chen
- School of Petrochemical Engineering, Liaoning Petrochemical University, Fushun 113001, China
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20
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Zhang F, Li C, Chen Z, Tan H, Li Z, Lv C, Xiao S, Wu L, Zhao J. Large-scale high uniform optoelectronic synapses array for artificial visual neural network. MICROSYSTEMS & NANOENGINEERING 2025; 11:5. [PMID: 39805819 PMCID: PMC11731047 DOI: 10.1038/s41378-024-00859-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2024] [Revised: 10/29/2024] [Accepted: 12/04/2024] [Indexed: 01/16/2025]
Abstract
Recently, the biologically inspired intelligent artificial visual neural system has aroused enormous interest. However, there are still significant obstacles in pursuing large-scale parallel and efficient visual memory and recognition. In this study, we demonstrate a 28 × 28 synaptic devices array for the artificial visual neuromorphic system, within the size of 0.7 × 0.7 cm2, which integrates sensing, memory, and processing functions. The highly uniform floating-gate synaptic transistors array were constructed by the wafer-scale grown monolayer molybdenum disulfide with Au nanoparticles (NPs) acting as the electrons capture layers. Various synaptic plasticity behaviors have been achieved owing to the switchable electronic storage performance. The excellent optical/electrical coordination capabilities were implemented by paralleled processing both the optical and electrical signals the synaptic array of 784 devices, enabling to realize the badges and letters writing and erasing process. Finally, the established artificial visual convolutional neural network (CNN) through optical/electrical signal modulation can reach the high digit recognition accuracy of 96.5%. Therefore, our results provide a feasible route for future large-scale integrated artificial visual neuromorphic system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fanqing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Explosion Science and Safety Protection, Beijing Institute of Technology, Ministry of Education, 100081, Beijing, China
- School of Mechatronical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, 100081, Beijing, China
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Intelligent Robots and Systems, Beijing Institute of Technology, 100081, Beijing, China
| | - Chunyang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Explosion Science and Safety Protection, Beijing Institute of Technology, Ministry of Education, 100081, Beijing, China
- School of Mechatronical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, 100081, Beijing, China
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Intelligent Robots and Systems, Beijing Institute of Technology, 100081, Beijing, China
| | - Zhicheng Chen
- Laser Micro/Nano Fabrication Laboratory, School of Mechanical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, 100081, Beijing, China
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, 100081, Beijing, China
| | - Haiqiu Tan
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, 100081, Beijing, China
| | - Zhongyi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Explosion Science and Safety Protection, Beijing Institute of Technology, Ministry of Education, 100081, Beijing, China
- School of Mechatronical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, 100081, Beijing, China
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Intelligent Robots and Systems, Beijing Institute of Technology, 100081, Beijing, China
| | - Chengzhai Lv
- State Key Laboratory of Explosion Science and Safety Protection, Beijing Institute of Technology, Ministry of Education, 100081, Beijing, China
- School of Mechatronical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, 100081, Beijing, China
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Intelligent Robots and Systems, Beijing Institute of Technology, 100081, Beijing, China
| | - Shuai Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Explosion Science and Safety Protection, Beijing Institute of Technology, Ministry of Education, 100081, Beijing, China
- School of Mechatronical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, 100081, Beijing, China
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Intelligent Robots and Systems, Beijing Institute of Technology, 100081, Beijing, China
| | - Lining Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Explosion Science and Safety Protection, Beijing Institute of Technology, Ministry of Education, 100081, Beijing, China
- School of Mechatronical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, 100081, Beijing, China
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Intelligent Robots and Systems, Beijing Institute of Technology, 100081, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Explosion Science and Safety Protection, Beijing Institute of Technology, Ministry of Education, 100081, Beijing, China.
- School of Mechatronical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, 100081, Beijing, China.
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Intelligent Robots and Systems, Beijing Institute of Technology, 100081, Beijing, China.
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21
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Li G, Xie D, Zhang Q, Zhang M, Liu Z, Wang Z, Xie J, Guo E, He M, Wang C, Gu L, Yang G, Jin K, Ge C. Interface-engineered non-volatile visible-blind photodetector for in-sensor computing. Nat Commun 2025; 16:57. [PMID: 39747816 PMCID: PMC11695636 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-55412-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2024] [Accepted: 12/11/2024] [Indexed: 01/04/2025] Open
Abstract
Ultraviolet (UV) detection is extensively used in a variety of applications. However, the storage and processing of information after detection require multiple components, resulting in increased energy consumption and data transmission latency. In this paper, a reconfigurable UV photodetector based on CeO2/SrTiO3 heterostructures is demonstrated with in-sensor computing capabilities achieved through interface engineering. We show that the non-volatile storage capability of the device could be significantly improved by the introduction of an oxygen reservoir. A photodetector array operated as a single-layer neural network was constructed, in which edge detection and pattern recognition were realized without the need for external memory and computing units. The location and classification of corona discharges in real-world environments were also simulated and achieved an accuracy of 100%. The approach proposed here offers promising avenues and material options for creating non-volatile smart photodetectors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ge Li
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Donggang Xie
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing, China
| | - Qinghua Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Mingzhen Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing, China
| | - Zhuohui Liu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- College of Materials Science and Opto-Electronic Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zheng Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing, China
| | - Jiahui Xie
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- College of Materials Science and Opto-Electronic Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Erjia Guo
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing, China
| | - Meng He
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Can Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing, China
| | - Lin Gu
- Beijing National Center for Electron Microscopy and Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Guozhen Yang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Kuijuan Jin
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
- School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing, China.
| | - Chen Ge
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
- School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing, China.
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22
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Liu R, He Y, Zhu X, Duan J, Liu C, Xie Z, McCulloch I, Yue W. Hardware-Feasible and Efficient N-Type Organic Neuromorphic Signal Recognition via Reservoir Computing. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2025; 37:e2409258. [PMID: 39578330 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202409258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2024] [Revised: 11/08/2024] [Indexed: 11/24/2024]
Abstract
Organic electrochemical synaptic transistors (OESTs), inspired by the biological nervous system, have garnered increasing attention due to their multifunctional applications in neuromorphic computing. However, the practical implementation of OESTs for signal recognition-particularly those utilizing n-type organic mixed ionic-electronic conductors (OMIECs)-still faces significant challenges at the hardware level. Here, a state-of-the-art small-molecule n-type OEST integrated within a physically simple and hardware feasible reservoir-computing (RC) framework for practical temporal signal recognition is presented. This integration is achieved by leveraging the adjustable synaptic properties of the n-OEST, which exhibits tunable nonlinear short-term memory, transitioning from volatility to nonvolatility, and demonstrating adaptive temporal specificity. Additionally, the nonvolatile OEST offers 256 conductance levels and a wide dynamic range (≈147) in long-term potentiation/depression (LTP/LTD), surpassing previously reported n-OESTs. By combining volatile n-OESTs as reservoirs with a single-layer perceptron readout composed of nonvolatile n-OEST networks, this physical RC system achieves substantial recognition accuracy for both handwritten-digit images (94.9%) and spoken digit (90.7%), along with ultrahigh weight efficiency. Furthermore, this system demonstrates outstanding accuracy (98.0%) by grouped RC in practical sleep monitoring, specifically in snoring recognition. Here, a reliable pathway for OMIEC-driven computing is presented to advance bioinspired hardware-based neuromorphic computing in the physical world.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riping Liu
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronic Materials and Wearable Devices, Key Laboratory for Polymeric Composite and Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, P. R. China
| | - Yifei He
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronic Materials and Wearable Devices, Key Laboratory for Polymeric Composite and Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, P. R. China
| | - Xiuyuan Zhu
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronic Materials and Wearable Devices, Key Laboratory for Polymeric Composite and Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, P. R. China
| | - Jiayao Duan
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronic Materials and Wearable Devices, Key Laboratory for Polymeric Composite and Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, P. R. China
| | - Chuan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Display Material and Technology, School of Electronics and Information Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, P. R. China
| | - Zhuang Xie
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronic Materials and Wearable Devices, Key Laboratory for Polymeric Composite and Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, P. R. China
| | - Iain McCulloch
- Andlinger Center for Energy and the Environment, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, 08544, USA
| | - Wan Yue
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronic Materials and Wearable Devices, Key Laboratory for Polymeric Composite and Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, P. R. China
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23
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Huang H, Liang X, Wang Y, Tang J, Li Y, Du Y, Sun W, Zhang J, Yao P, Mou X, Xu F, Zhang J, Lu Y, Liu Z, Wang J, Jiang Z, Hu R, Wang Z, Zhang Q, Gao B, Bai X, Fang L, Dai Q, Yin H, Qian H, Wu H. Fully integrated multi-mode optoelectronic memristor array for diversified in-sensor computing. NATURE NANOTECHNOLOGY 2025; 20:93-103. [PMID: 39516386 DOI: 10.1038/s41565-024-01794-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/26/2024] [Indexed: 11/16/2024]
Abstract
In-sensor computing, which integrates sensing, memory and processing functions, has shown substantial potential in artificial vision systems. However, large-scale monolithic integration of in-sensor computing based on emerging devices with complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) circuits remains challenging, lacking functional demonstrations at the hardware level. Here we report a fully integrated 1-kb array with 128 × 8 one-transistor one-optoelectronic memristor (OEM) cells and silicon CMOS circuits, which features configurable multi-mode functionality encompassing three different modes of electronic memristor, dynamic OEM and non-volatile OEM (NV-OEM). These modes are configured by modulating the charge density within the oxygen vacancies via synergistic optical and electrical operations, as confirmed by differential phase-contrast scanning transmission electron microscopy. Using this OEM system, three visual processing tasks are demonstrated: image sensory pre-processing with a recognition accuracy enhanced from 85.7% to 96.1% by the NV-OEM mode, more advanced object tracking with 96.1% accuracy using both dynamic OEM and NV-OEM modes and human motion recognition with a fully OEM-based in-sensor reservoir computing system achieving 91.2% accuracy. A system-level benchmark further shows that it consumes over 20 times less energy than graphics processing units. By monolithically integrating the multi-functional OEMs with Si CMOS, this work provides a cost-effective platform for diverse in-sensor computing applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heyi Huang
- School of Integrated Circuits, Beijing Innovation Center for Integrated Circuits, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
- Beijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
- Integrated Circuit Advanced Process R&D Center and Key Laboratory of Fabrication Technologies for Integrated Circuits, Institute of Microelectronics of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiangpeng Liang
- School of Integrated Circuits, Beijing Innovation Center for Integrated Circuits, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Yuyan Wang
- School of Integrated Circuits, Beijing Innovation Center for Integrated Circuits, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.
- Beijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.
| | - Jianshi Tang
- School of Integrated Circuits, Beijing Innovation Center for Integrated Circuits, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.
- Beijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.
| | - Yuankun Li
- School of Integrated Circuits, Beijing Innovation Center for Integrated Circuits, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Yiwei Du
- School of Integrated Circuits, Beijing Innovation Center for Integrated Circuits, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Wen Sun
- School of Integrated Circuits, Beijing Innovation Center for Integrated Circuits, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Jianing Zhang
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Peng Yao
- School of Integrated Circuits, Beijing Innovation Center for Integrated Circuits, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Xing Mou
- School of Integrated Circuits, Beijing Innovation Center for Integrated Circuits, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Feng Xu
- School of Integrated Circuits, Beijing Innovation Center for Integrated Circuits, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Jinzhi Zhang
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Yuyao Lu
- School of Integrated Circuits, Beijing Innovation Center for Integrated Circuits, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhengwu Liu
- School of Integrated Circuits, Beijing Innovation Center for Integrated Circuits, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Jianlin Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zhixing Jiang
- School of Integrated Circuits, Beijing Innovation Center for Integrated Circuits, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Ruofei Hu
- School of Integrated Circuits, Beijing Innovation Center for Integrated Circuits, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Ze Wang
- School of Integrated Circuits, Beijing Innovation Center for Integrated Circuits, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Qingtian Zhang
- School of Integrated Circuits, Beijing Innovation Center for Integrated Circuits, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Bin Gao
- School of Integrated Circuits, Beijing Innovation Center for Integrated Circuits, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
- Beijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Xuedong Bai
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Lu Fang
- Beijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Qionghai Dai
- Beijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Huaxiang Yin
- Integrated Circuit Advanced Process R&D Center and Key Laboratory of Fabrication Technologies for Integrated Circuits, Institute of Microelectronics of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - He Qian
- School of Integrated Circuits, Beijing Innovation Center for Integrated Circuits, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Huaqiang Wu
- School of Integrated Circuits, Beijing Innovation Center for Integrated Circuits, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.
- Beijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.
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24
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Luo J, Jiang J, Ding K, Ye L, Pang D, Li H, Zhang H, Tang Y, Li W. Catalyst-Free Polymorphic β-Ga 2O 3 Nanomaterials for Solar-Blind Optoelectronic Devices: Applications in Imaging and Neural Communication. SMALL METHODS 2024:e2401473. [PMID: 39663674 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.202401473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2024] [Revised: 12/02/2024] [Indexed: 12/13/2024]
Abstract
The continuous advancements in ultraviolet-C (UV-C) optoelectronics are poised to meet the growing demand for efficient and innovative optoelectronic devices, particularly in image sensing and neural communication. This study proposes a low-cost tube sealing and muffle calcination process for the catalyst-free synthesis of polymorphic β-Ga2O3 nanomaterials. These nanomaterials are synthesized via a vapor-solid (VS) growth mechanism, enabling the formation of high-quality nanowires (NWs), nanobelts (NBs), and nanosheets (NSs). UV-C photodetectors (PDs) fabricated with β-Ga2O3 nanobelts demonstrated exceptional performance, exhibiting a responsivity of 4.62 × 105 A W-1 and a specific detectivity of 4.78 × 1012 Jones under 254 nm light. This PD enabled high-sensitivity and high-contrast UV-C imaging, effectively capturing the letters "CNU" and a "Panda" pattern. Additionally, the β-Ga2O3 nanowire-based optoelectronic synapse (OES) device displayed efficient light sensing and significant persistent photoconductivity, accurately mimicking synaptic behaviors such as short-term to long-term memory transitions and memory reinforcement. The OES device is successfully integrated into a wireless optical communication system, effectively simulating neural signal transmission by outputting the current waveform signal of "CNU 1954" and exhibiting notable UV-C light sensing and learning abilities. This work not only introduces a method for synthesizing polymorphic β-Ga2O3 nanomaterials but also underscores their potential in advanced UV-C optoelectronic applications, including image sensing and neural communication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiangshuai Luo
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Photo-Electric Functional Materials and Laser Technology, College of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing, 401331, P. R. China
| | - Jili Jiang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Photo-Electric Functional Materials and Laser Technology, College of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing, 401331, P. R. China
| | - Ke Ding
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Photo-Electric Functional Materials and Laser Technology, College of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing, 401331, P. R. China
| | - Lijuan Ye
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Photo-Electric Functional Materials and Laser Technology, College of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing, 401331, P. R. China
| | - Di Pang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Photo-Electric Functional Materials and Laser Technology, College of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing, 401331, P. R. China
| | - Honglin Li
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Photo-Electric Functional Materials and Laser Technology, College of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing, 401331, P. R. China
| | - Hong Zhang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Photo-Electric Functional Materials and Laser Technology, College of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing, 401331, P. R. China
| | - Yan Tang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Photo-Electric Functional Materials and Laser Technology, College of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing, 401331, P. R. China
| | - Wanjun Li
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Photo-Electric Functional Materials and Laser Technology, College of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing, 401331, P. R. China
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25
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Li Z, Li M, Zhu T, Li B, Wang Z, Shao S, Deng Z, Zhao X, Liu C, Zhao J. Flexible Printed Ultraviolet-to-Near-Infrared Broadband Optoelectronic Carbon Nanotube Synaptic Transistors for Fast and Energy-Efficient Neuromorphic Vision Systems. SMALL METHODS 2024; 8:e2400359. [PMID: 38845084 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.202400359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2024] [Revised: 05/25/2024] [Indexed: 12/28/2024]
Abstract
To simulate biological visual systems and surpass their functions and performance, it is essential to develop high-performance optoelectronic neuromorphic electronics with broadband response, low power consumption, and fast response speed. Among these, optoelectronic synaptic transistors have emerged as promising candidates for constructing neuromorphic visual systems. In this work, flexible printed broadband (from 275 to 1050 nm) optoelectronic carbon nanotube synaptic transistors with good stability, high response speed (3.14 ms), and low-power consumption (as low as 0.1 fJ per event with the 1050 nm pulse illumination) using PbS quantum dots (QDs) modified semiconducting single-walled carbon nanotubes (sc-SWCNTs) as active layers are developed. In response to optical pulses within the ultraviolet to near-infrared wavelength range, the optoelectronic neuromorphic devices exhibit excitatory postsynaptic current, paired-pulse facilitation, and a transition from short-term plasticity to long-term plasticity, and other optical synaptic behaviors. Furthermore, a simplified neural morphology visual array is developed to simulate integrated functions such as image perception, memory, and preprocessing. More importantly, it can also emulate other complicated bionic functions, such as the infrared perception of salmon eyes and the warning behavior of reindeer in different environments. This work holds immense significance in advancing the development of artificial neural visual systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zebin Li
- School of Microelectronics, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Semiconductor Display Materials and Chips, Printable Electronics Research Center, Division of Nanodevices and Related Nanomaterials, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 398 Ruoshui Road, SEID, Suzhou Industrial Park, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, 215123, P. R. China
- School of Nano Technology and Nano Bionics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui Province, 230026, P. R. China
| | - Min Li
- Key Laboratory of Semiconductor Display Materials and Chips, Printable Electronics Research Center, Division of Nanodevices and Related Nanomaterials, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 398 Ruoshui Road, SEID, Suzhou Industrial Park, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, 215123, P. R. China
- School of Nano Technology and Nano Bionics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui Province, 230026, P. R. China
| | - Tianxiang Zhu
- School of Sciences, Changzhou Institute of Technology, Changzhou, 213032, P. R. China
| | - Benxiang Li
- Key Laboratory of Semiconductor Display Materials and Chips, Printable Electronics Research Center, Division of Nanodevices and Related Nanomaterials, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 398 Ruoshui Road, SEID, Suzhou Industrial Park, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, 215123, P. R. China
- School of Nano Technology and Nano Bionics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui Province, 230026, P. R. China
| | - Zebin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Semiconductor Display Materials and Chips, Printable Electronics Research Center, Division of Nanodevices and Related Nanomaterials, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 398 Ruoshui Road, SEID, Suzhou Industrial Park, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, 215123, P. R. China
- School of Nano Technology and Nano Bionics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui Province, 230026, P. R. China
| | - Shuangshuang Shao
- Key Laboratory of Semiconductor Display Materials and Chips, Printable Electronics Research Center, Division of Nanodevices and Related Nanomaterials, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 398 Ruoshui Road, SEID, Suzhou Industrial Park, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, 215123, P. R. China
- School of Nano Technology and Nano Bionics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui Province, 230026, P. R. China
| | - Zhenyan Deng
- Department of Physics, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, P. R. China
| | - Xinluo Zhao
- Department of Physics, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, P. R. China
| | - Cheng Liu
- School of Microelectronics, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, P. R. China
| | - Jianwen Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Semiconductor Display Materials and Chips, Printable Electronics Research Center, Division of Nanodevices and Related Nanomaterials, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 398 Ruoshui Road, SEID, Suzhou Industrial Park, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, 215123, P. R. China
- School of Nano Technology and Nano Bionics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui Province, 230026, P. R. China
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26
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Jo H, Jang J, Park HJ, Lee H, An SJ, Hong JP, Jeong MS, Oh H. Physical Reservoir Computing Using Tellurium-Based Gate-Tunable Artificial Photonic Synapses. ACS NANO 2024; 18:30761-30773. [PMID: 39446072 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.4c10489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2024]
Abstract
We report tellurium (Te) thin-film-based artificial photonic synapses and their application to physical reservoir computing (PRC). The Te-based artificial photonic synapses were fabricated by using sputtered Te thin films and spray-coated MXene (Ti3C2) electrodes. A thorough investigation of the field-dependent persistent photoconductivity (PPC) of the Te channel revealed that the relaxation speed of the transient photocurrent depended on the gate bias. Utilizing the PPC property, the Te device served as an excellent photonic synapse under light pulse stimulus, exhibiting multiple synaptic characteristics such as excitatory postsynaptic current and paired-pulse facilitation, as well as highly linear potentiation-depression characteristics; a simulation-based study further confirmed the effectiveness of the device. Most importantly, by exploiting the nonlinear and fading memory characteristics of the Te photonic synapse, we demonstrate two advanced examples of PRC. In classifying handwritten digits, our system carried out successful digit recognition without binarization or another simplification process with reduced computational cost compared to conventional systems. To solve second-order nonlinear equations, we introduce the strategy of utilizing historical nodes. The combination of historical nodes and the gate-tunable responses of the photonic synapses, which provide an enriched reservoir state, yielded excellent prediction accuracy. Overall, this work will offer an understanding of Te-based optoelectronic devices and their synergetic integration with neuromorphic devices and PRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyerin Jo
- Department of Physics and Integrative Institute of Basic Sciences, Soongsil University, Seoul 06978, Republic of Korea
| | - Jiseong Jang
- Department of Energy Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeon Jung Park
- Department of Physics, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Huigu Lee
- Division of Nano-Scale Semiconductor Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Jin An
- Department of Advanced Materials Science and Engineering, Kumoh National Institute of Technology, Gumi 39177, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Pyo Hong
- Department of Physics, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
- Division of Nano-Scale Semiconductor Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Mun Seok Jeong
- Department of Physics, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Hongseok Oh
- Department of Physics and Integrative Institute of Basic Sciences, Soongsil University, Seoul 06978, Republic of Korea
- Department of Intelligent Semiconductors, Soongsil University, Seoul 06978, Republic of Korea
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27
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Leng Y, Lv Z, Huang S, Xie P, Li H, Zhu S, Sun T, Zhou Y, Zhai Y, Li Q, Ding G, Zhou Y, Han S. A Near-Infrared Retinomorphic Device with High Dimensionality Reservoir Expression. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2411225. [PMID: 39390822 PMCID: PMC11602693 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202411225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2024] [Revised: 09/24/2024] [Indexed: 10/12/2024]
Abstract
Physical reservoir-based reservoir computing (RC) systems for intelligent perception have recently gained attention because they require fewer computing resources. However, the system remains limited in infrared (IR) machine vision, including materials and physical reservoir expression power. Inspired by biological visual perception systems, the study proposes a near-infrared (NIR) retinomorphic device that simultaneously perceives and encodes narrow IR spectral information (at ≈980 nm). The proposed device, featuring core-shell upconversion nanoparticle/poly (3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT) nanocomposite channels, enables the absorption and conversion of NIR into high-energy photons to excite more photo carriers in P3HT. The photon-electron-coupled dynamics under the synergy of photovoltaic and photogating effects influence the nonlinearity and high dimensionality of the RC system under narrow-band NIR irradiation. The device also exhibits multilevel data storage capability (≥8 levels), excellent stability (≥2000 s), and durability (≥100 cycles). The system accurately identifies NIR static and dynamic handwritten digit images, achieving recognition accuracies of 91.13% and 90.07%, respectively. Thus, the device tackles intricate computations like solving second-order nonlinear dynamic equations with minimal errors (normalized mean squared error of 1.06 × 10⁻3 during prediction).
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan‐Bing Leng
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical TechnologyThe Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityKowloonHong Kong999077P. R. China
| | - Ziyu Lv
- College of Electronics and Information EngineeringShenzhen UniversityShenzhen518060P. R. China
| | - Shengming Huang
- College of Electronics and Information EngineeringShenzhen UniversityShenzhen518060P. R. China
| | - Peng Xie
- Institute of Microscale OptoelectronicsShenzhen UniversityShenzhen518060P. R. China
| | - Hua‐Xin Li
- College of Electronics and Information EngineeringShenzhen UniversityShenzhen518060P. R. China
| | - Shirui Zhu
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical TechnologyThe Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityKowloonHong Kong999077P. R. China
| | - Tao Sun
- Institute of Microscale OptoelectronicsShenzhen UniversityShenzhen518060P. R. China
| | - You Zhou
- Institute of Microscale OptoelectronicsShenzhen UniversityShenzhen518060P. R. China
| | - Yongbiao Zhai
- College of Electronics and Information EngineeringShenzhen UniversityShenzhen518060P. R. China
| | - Qingxiu Li
- Institute of Microscale OptoelectronicsShenzhen UniversityShenzhen518060P. R. China
| | - Guanglong Ding
- Institute for Advanced StudyShenzhen UniversityShenzhen518060P. R. China
| | - Ye Zhou
- Institute for Advanced StudyShenzhen UniversityShenzhen518060P. R. China
| | - Su‐Ting Han
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical TechnologyThe Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityKowloonHong Kong999077P. R. China
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28
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Chen X, Mao W, Zhou W, Huang P, Liu H, Wang X, Liang Z, Yang Q, Chen Y, Zhou G, Xu J. In-Situ Fabricated Transparent Flexible Nanowire Device with Wavelength-Regulated Dual-Function of Photodetector and Photonic Synapse. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:57512-57523. [PMID: 39401295 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c12357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2024]
Abstract
Integrating the dual functionalities of a photodetector and photonic synapse into a single device is challenging due to their conflicting requirements for photocurrent decay rates. This study addresses this issue by seamlessly depositing transparent indium tin oxide (ITO) electrodes onto self-oriented copper hexadecafluoro-phthalocyanine (F16CuPc) nanowires growing horizontally along hot-stamped periodic nanogrooves on a transparent flexible polyimide plastic film. This in-situ-fabricated device achieves bending-stable dual functionalities through wavelength regulation while maintaining high transparency and flexibility. Upon exposure to 450-850 nm light, the device exhibits a rapid and sensitive photoresponse with excellent bending stability, making it ideal for optical sensing in both visible and near-infrared spectra. More importantly, the device exhibits a bending-stable excitation postsynaptic current when exposed to light spikes below 405 nm. This enables the successful emulation of various biological synaptic functionalities, including paired-pulse facilitation, spike-number-dependent plasticity, spike-duration-dependent plasticity, spike-rating-dependent plasticity, configurable plasticity between short-term plasticity and long-term plasticity, and memory learning capabilities. Utilizing this device in an artificial neural network achieves a recognition rate of 95% after 57 training epochs. Its ability to switch between photodetection and synaptic modes by adjusting the light wavelength marks a significant advancement in the field of multifunctional flexible electronics based on nanowire arrays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangtao Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optical Information Materials and Technology & Institute of Electronic Paper Displays, South China Academy of Advanced Optoelectronics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Wanglong Mao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optical Information Materials and Technology & Institute of Electronic Paper Displays, South China Academy of Advanced Optoelectronics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Zhou
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optical Information Materials and Technology & Institute of Electronic Paper Displays, South China Academy of Advanced Optoelectronics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Pingyang Huang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optical Information Materials and Technology & Institute of Electronic Paper Displays, South China Academy of Advanced Optoelectronics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Hanyu Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optical Information Materials and Technology & Institute of Electronic Paper Displays, South China Academy of Advanced Optoelectronics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Xingyu Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optical Information Materials and Technology & Institute of Electronic Paper Displays, South China Academy of Advanced Optoelectronics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhanhao Liang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optical Information Materials and Technology & Institute of Electronic Paper Displays, South China Academy of Advanced Optoelectronics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiming Yang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optical Information Materials and Technology & Institute of Electronic Paper Displays, South China Academy of Advanced Optoelectronics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanbin Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optical Information Materials and Technology & Institute of Electronic Paper Displays, South China Academy of Advanced Optoelectronics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Guofu Zhou
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optical Information Materials and Technology & Institute of Electronic Paper Displays, South China Academy of Advanced Optoelectronics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinyou Xu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optical Information Materials and Technology & Institute of Electronic Paper Displays, South China Academy of Advanced Optoelectronics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, People's Republic of China
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Kim J, Park EC, Shin W, Koo RH, Han CH, Kang HY, Yang TG, Goh Y, Lee K, Ha D, Cheema SS, Jeong JK, Kwon D. Analog reservoir computing via ferroelectric mixed phase boundary transistors. Nat Commun 2024; 15:9147. [PMID: 39443502 PMCID: PMC11499988 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-53321-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2024] [Accepted: 10/08/2024] [Indexed: 10/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Analog reservoir computing (ARC) systems have attracted attention owing to their efficiency in processing temporal information. However, the distinct functionalities of the system components pose challenges for hardware implementation. Herein, we report a fully integrated ARC system that leverages material versatility of the ferroelectric-to-mixed phase boundary (MPB) hafnium zirconium oxides integrated onto indium-gallium-zinc oxide thin-film transistors (TFTs). MPB-based TFTs (MPBTFTs) with nonlinear short-term memory characteristics are utilized for physical reservoirs and artificial neuron, while nonvolatile ferroelectric TFTs mimic synaptic behavior for readout networks. Furthermore, double-gate configuration of MPBTFTs enhances reservoir state differentiation and state expansion for physical reservoir and processes both excitatory and inhibitory pulses for neuronal functionality with minimal hardware burden. The seamless integration of ARC components on a single wafer executes complex real-world time-series predictions with a low normalized root mean squared error of 0.28. The material-device co-optimization proposed in this study paves the way for the development of area- and energy-efficient ARC systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jangsaeng Kim
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea
- Research Laboratory of Electronics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering and Inter-university Semiconductor Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Chan Park
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Wonjun Shin
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering and Inter-university Semiconductor Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
- Department of Semiconductor Convergence Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Ryun-Han Koo
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering and Inter-university Semiconductor Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang-Hyeon Han
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - He Young Kang
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae Gyu Yang
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Youngin Goh
- Semiconductor Research and Development Center, Samsung Electronics, Hwaseong, Republic of Korea
| | - Kilho Lee
- Semiconductor Research and Development Center, Samsung Electronics, Hwaseong, Republic of Korea
| | - Daewon Ha
- Semiconductor Research and Development Center, Samsung Electronics, Hwaseong, Republic of Korea
| | - Suraj S Cheema
- Research Laboratory of Electronics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA.
| | - Jae Kyeong Jeong
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea.
| | - Daewoong Kwon
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea.
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30
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Li P, Song H, Sa Z, Liu F, Wang M, Wang G, Wan J, Zang Z, Jiang J, Yang ZX. Tunable synaptic behaviors of solution-processed InGaO films for artificial visual systems. MATERIALS HORIZONS 2024; 11:4979-4986. [PMID: 39072692 DOI: 10.1039/d4mh00396a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/30/2024]
Abstract
Due to their persistent photoconductivity, amorphous metal oxide thin films are promising for construction of artificial visual systems. In this work, large-scale, uniformly distributed amorphous InGaO thin films with an adjustable In/Ga ratio and thickness are prepared successfully by a low-cost environmentally friendly and easy-to-handle solution process for constructing artificial visual systems. With the increase of the In/Ga ratio and film thickness, the number of oxygen vacancies increases, along with the increase of post-synaptic current triggered by illumination, benefiting the transition of short-term plasticity to long-term plasticity. With an optimal In/Ga ratio and film thickness, the conductance response difference at a decay of 0 s between the 1st and the 10th views of a 5 × 5 array InGaO thin film transistor is up to 2.88 μA, along with an increase in the Idecay 30s/Idecay 0s ratio from 45.24% to 53.24%, resulting in a high image clarity and non-volatile artificial visual memory. Furthermore, a three-layer artificial vision network is constructed to evaluate the image recognition capability, exhibiting an accuracy of up to 91.32%. All results promise low-cost and easy-to-handle amorphous InGaO thin films for future visual information processing and image recognition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengsheng Li
- School of Physics, Shandong University, Jinan 2510100, China.
| | - Honglin Song
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Nanophotonics and Devices, School of Physics, Central South University, Changsha 410082, China.
| | - Zixu Sa
- School of Physics, Shandong University, Jinan 2510100, China.
| | - Fengjing Liu
- School of Physics, Shandong University, Jinan 2510100, China.
| | - Mingxu Wang
- School of Physics, Shandong University, Jinan 2510100, China.
| | - Guangcan Wang
- School of Physics, Shandong University, Jinan 2510100, China.
| | - Junchen Wan
- School of Physics, Shandong University, Jinan 2510100, China.
| | - Zeqi Zang
- School of Physics, Shandong University, Jinan 2510100, China.
| | - Jie Jiang
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Nanophotonics and Devices, School of Physics, Central South University, Changsha 410082, China.
| | - Zai-Xing Yang
- School of Physics, Shandong University, Jinan 2510100, China.
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31
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Tang J, Xiong Y, Ye L, Li Y, Li W, Yu P. Barrier Polarity Reversal Based on Interfacial Modification of Au Nanoparticles for Nonvolatile Multilevel Memory and Optoelectronic Synapses. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:52692-52702. [PMID: 39312640 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c11926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/25/2024]
Abstract
Optoelectronic synaptic devices, integrating light sensing and information processing capabilities, have emerged as advantageous tools for the implementation of visual neuromorphic computing. However, the transient light-triggered response characteristic typically results in unstable memory retention times and restricted current response ranges, posing significant challenges to the development and practical application of neural network systems. In response to these limitations, this study developed a nonvolatile optoelectronic memory based on the indium tin oxide (ITO)/Au nanoparticles (NPs)/amorphous Ga2O3 (a-Ga2O3)/Pt structure. Unlike conventional optoelectronic memories, this device features a modification with Au NPs that markedly enhances the Schottky barrier height at the interface. Au NPs function as a charge-trapping layer for sensitive and large-scale modulation of the barrier by the light field, thereby enabling the nonvolatile reversal of the device's barrier polarity. This innovative approach enables controllable multilevel data storage with an ultra large on/off ratio (∼104) and excellent retention capability exceeding 12,000 s. Additionally, the device emulates essential synaptic functions and demonstrates potential application values in visual weak signal perception and image memory. This study introduces a mechanism for Schottky barrier polarity control and presents a promising strategy for the development of future high-performance integrated devices and optoelectronic synaptic elements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Tang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Photo-Electric Functional Materials and Laser Technology, College of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing 401331, China
| | - YuanQiang Xiong
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Photo-Electric Functional Materials and Laser Technology, College of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing 401331, China
| | - LiYu Ye
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Photo-Electric Functional Materials and Laser Technology, College of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing 401331, China
| | - YuHang Li
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Photo-Electric Functional Materials and Laser Technology, College of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing 401331, China
| | - WanJun Li
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Photo-Electric Functional Materials and Laser Technology, College of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing 401331, China
| | - Peng Yu
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Photo-Electric Functional Materials and Laser Technology, College of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing 401331, China
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32
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Li D, Chen Y, Ren H, Tang Y, Zhang S, Wang Y, Xing L, Huang Q, Meng L, Zhu B. An Active-Matrix Synaptic Phototransistor Array for In-Sensor Spectral Processing. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 11:e2406401. [PMID: 39166499 PMCID: PMC11497057 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202406401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2024] [Revised: 07/12/2024] [Indexed: 08/23/2024]
Abstract
The human retina perceives and preprocesses the spectral information of incident light, enabling fast image recognition and efficient chromatic adaptation. In comparison, it is reluctant to implement parallel spectral preprocessing and temporal information fusion in current complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) image sensors, requiring intricate circuitry, frequent data transmission, and color filters. Herein, an active-matrix synaptic phototransistor array (AMSPA) is developed based on organic/inorganic semiconductor heterostructures. The AMSPA provides wavelength-dependent, bidirectional photoresponses, enabling dynamic imaging and in-sensor spectral preprocessing functions. Specifically, near-infrared light induces inhibitory photoresponse while UV light results in exhibitory photoresponse. With rational structural design of the organic/inorganic hybrid heterostructures, the current dynamic range of phototransistor is improved to over 90 dB. Finally, a 32 × 64 AMSPA (128 pixels per inch) is demonstrated with one-switch-transistor and one-synaptic phototransistor (1-T-1-PT) structure, achieving spatial chromatic enhancement and temporal trajectory imaging. These results reveal the feasibility of AMSPA for constructing artificial vision systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dingwei Li
- Westlake Institute for OptoelectronicsHangzhou311421China
- Key Laboratory of 3D Micro/Nano Fabrication and Characterization of Zhejiang ProvinceSchool of EngineeringWestlake UniversityHangzhou310024China
- College of Information Science and Electronic EngineeringZhejiang UniversityHangzhou310027China
| | - Yitong Chen
- Key Laboratory of 3D Micro/Nano Fabrication and Characterization of Zhejiang ProvinceSchool of EngineeringWestlake UniversityHangzhou310024China
- College of Information Science and Electronic EngineeringZhejiang UniversityHangzhou310027China
| | - Huihui Ren
- Key Laboratory of 3D Micro/Nano Fabrication and Characterization of Zhejiang ProvinceSchool of EngineeringWestlake UniversityHangzhou310024China
- College of Information Science and Electronic EngineeringZhejiang UniversityHangzhou310027China
| | - Yingjie Tang
- Key Laboratory of 3D Micro/Nano Fabrication and Characterization of Zhejiang ProvinceSchool of EngineeringWestlake UniversityHangzhou310024China
- College of Information Science and Electronic EngineeringZhejiang UniversityHangzhou310027China
| | - Siyu Zhang
- Westlake Institute for OptoelectronicsHangzhou311421China
- Key Laboratory of 3D Micro/Nano Fabrication and Characterization of Zhejiang ProvinceSchool of EngineeringWestlake UniversityHangzhou310024China
| | - Yan Wang
- Key Laboratory of 3D Micro/Nano Fabrication and Characterization of Zhejiang ProvinceSchool of EngineeringWestlake UniversityHangzhou310024China
- College of Information Science and Electronic EngineeringZhejiang UniversityHangzhou310027China
| | - Lixiang Xing
- Westlake Institute for OptoelectronicsHangzhou311421China
| | - Qi Huang
- Westlake Institute for OptoelectronicsHangzhou311421China
| | - Lei Meng
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular SciencesCAS Key Laboratory of Organic SolidsInstitute of ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100190China
| | - Bowen Zhu
- Westlake Institute for OptoelectronicsHangzhou311421China
- Key Laboratory of 3D Micro/Nano Fabrication and Characterization of Zhejiang ProvinceSchool of EngineeringWestlake UniversityHangzhou310024China
- Institute of Advanced TechnologyWestlake Institute for Advanced StudyHangzhou310024China
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33
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Xie P, Xu Y, Wang J, Li D, Zhang Y, Zeng Z, Gao B, Quan Q, Li B, Meng Y, Wang W, Li Y, Yan Y, Shen Y, Sun J, Ho JC. Birdlike broadband neuromorphic visual sensor arrays for fusion imaging. Nat Commun 2024; 15:8298. [PMID: 39333067 PMCID: PMC11437102 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-52563-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2024] [Accepted: 09/11/2024] [Indexed: 09/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Wearable visual bionic devices, fueled by advancements in artificial intelligence, are making remarkable progress. However, traditional silicon vision chips often grapple with high energy losses and challenges in emulating complex biological behaviors. In this study, we constructed a van der Waals P3HT/GaAs nanowires P-N junction by carefully directing the arrangement of organic molecules. Combined with a Schottky junction, this facilitated multi-faceted birdlike visual enhancement, including broadband non-volatile storage, low-light perception, and a near-zero power consumption operating mode in both individual devices and 5 × 5 arrays on arbitrary substrates. Specifically, we realized over 5 bits of in-memory sensing and computing with both negative and positive photoconductivity. When paired with two imaging modes (visible and UV), our reservoir computing system demonstrated up to 94% accuracy for color recognition. It achieved motion and UV grayscale information extraction (displayed with sunscreen), leading to fusion visual imaging. This work provides a promising co-design of material and device for a broadband and highly biomimetic optoelectronic neuromorphic system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengshan Xie
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yunchao Xu
- Hunan Key Laboratory for Super-microstructure and Ultrafast Process, School of Physics, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- State Key Laboratory of Transducer Technology, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Jingwen Wang
- Hunan Key Laboratory for Super-microstructure and Ultrafast Process, School of Physics, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- State Key Laboratory of Transducer Technology, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Dengji Li
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yuxuan Zhang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Zixin Zeng
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Boxiang Gao
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Quan Quan
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Bowen Li
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - You Meng
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- State Key Laboratory of Terahertz and Millimeter Waves, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Weijun Wang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yezhan Li
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yan Yan
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yi Shen
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jia Sun
- Hunan Key Laboratory for Super-microstructure and Ultrafast Process, School of Physics, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Transducer Technology, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Shanghai, China.
| | - Johnny C Ho
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Terahertz and Millimeter Waves, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
- Institute for Materials Chemistry and Engineering, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.
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Zahoor F, Nisar A, Bature UI, Abbas H, Bashir F, Chattopadhyay A, Kaushik BK, Alzahrani A, Hussin FA. An overview of critical applications of resistive random access memory. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2024:d4na00158c. [PMID: 39263252 PMCID: PMC11382421 DOI: 10.1039/d4na00158c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 08/10/2024] [Indexed: 09/13/2024]
Abstract
The rapid advancement of new technologies has resulted in a surge of data, while conventional computers are nearing their computational limits. The prevalent von Neumann architecture, where processing and storage units operate independently, faces challenges such as data migration through buses, leading to decreased computing speed and increased energy loss. Ongoing research aims to enhance computing capabilities through the development of innovative chips and the adoption of new system architectures. One noteworthy advancement is Resistive Random Access Memory (RRAM), an emerging memory technology. RRAM can alter its resistance through electrical signals at both ends, retaining its state even after power-down. This technology holds promise in various areas, including logic computing, neural networks, brain-like computing, and integrated technologies combining sensing, storage, and computing. These cutting-edge technologies offer the potential to overcome the performance limitations of traditional architectures, significantly boosting computing power. This discussion explores the physical mechanisms, device structure, performance characteristics, and applications of RRAM devices. Additionally, we delve into the potential future adoption of these technologies at an industrial scale, along with prospects and upcoming research directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Furqan Zahoor
- Department of Computer Engineering, College of Computer Sciences and Information Technology, King Faisal University Saudi Arabia
| | - Arshid Nisar
- Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee India
| | - Usman Isyaku Bature
- Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Petronas Malaysia
| | - Haider Abbas
- Department of Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials Engineering, Sejong University Seoul 143-747 Republic of Korea
| | - Faisal Bashir
- Department of Computer Engineering, College of Computer Sciences and Information Technology, King Faisal University Saudi Arabia
| | - Anupam Chattopadhyay
- College of Computing and Data Science, Nanyang Technological University 639798 Singapore
| | - Brajesh Kumar Kaushik
- Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee India
| | - Ali Alzahrani
- Department of Computer Engineering, College of Computer Sciences and Information Technology, King Faisal University Saudi Arabia
| | - Fawnizu Azmadi Hussin
- Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Petronas Malaysia
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35
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Wan C, Pei M, Shi K, Cui H, Long H, Qiao L, Xing Q, Wan Q. Toward a Brain-Neuromorphics Interface. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2311288. [PMID: 38339866 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202311288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
Brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) that enable human-machine interaction have immense potential in restoring or augmenting human capabilities. Traditional BCIs are realized based on complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) technologies with complex, bulky, and low biocompatible circuits, and suffer with the low energy efficiency of the von Neumann architecture. The brain-neuromorphics interface (BNI) would offer a promising solution to advance the BCI technologies and shape the interactions with machineries. Neuromorphic devices and systems are able to provide substantial computation power with extremely high energy-efficiency by implementing in-materia computing such as in situ vector-matrix multiplication (VMM) and physical reservoir computing. Recent progresses on integrating neuromorphic components with sensing and/or actuating modules, give birth to the neuromorphic afferent nerve, efferent nerve, sensorimotor loop, and so on, which has advanced the technologies for future neurorobotics by achieving sophisticated sensorimotor capabilities as the biological system. With the development on the compact artificial spiking neuron and bioelectronic interfaces, the seamless communication between a BNI and a bioentity is reasonably expectable. In this review, the upcoming BNIs are profiled by introducing the brief history of neuromorphics, reviewing the recent progresses on related areas, and discussing the future advances and challenges that lie ahead.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changjin Wan
- Yongjiang Laboratory (Y-LAB), Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315202, China
- School of Electronic Science and Engineering, National Laboratory of Solid-State Microstructures, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, China
| | - Mengjiao Pei
- School of Electronic Science and Engineering, National Laboratory of Solid-State Microstructures, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
| | - Kailu Shi
- School of Electronic Science and Engineering, National Laboratory of Solid-State Microstructures, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
| | - Hangyuan Cui
- School of Electronic Science and Engineering, National Laboratory of Solid-State Microstructures, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
| | - Haotian Long
- School of Electronic Science and Engineering, National Laboratory of Solid-State Microstructures, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
| | - Lesheng Qiao
- School of Electronic Science and Engineering, National Laboratory of Solid-State Microstructures, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
| | - Qianye Xing
- School of Electronic Science and Engineering, National Laboratory of Solid-State Microstructures, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
| | - Qing Wan
- Yongjiang Laboratory (Y-LAB), Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315202, China
- School of Electronic Science and Engineering, National Laboratory of Solid-State Microstructures, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, China
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Ma X, Wang W, Cui X, Li Y, Yang K, Huang Z, Zhang H. Machine Learning Assisted Self-Powered Identity Recognition Based on Thermogalvanic Hydrogel for Intelligent Security. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2402700. [PMID: 38726773 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202402700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2024] [Revised: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 10/01/2024]
Abstract
Identity recognition as the first barrier of intelligent security plays a vital role, which is facing new challenges that are unable to meet the need of intelligent era due to low accuracy, complex configuration and dependence on power supply. Here, a finger temperature-driven intelligent identity recognition strategy is presented based on a thermogalvanic hydrogel (TGH) by actively discerning biometric characteristics of fingers. The TGH is a dual network PVA/Agar hydrogel in an H2O/glycerol binary solvent with [Fe(CN)6]3-/4- as a redox couple. Using a concave-arranged TGH array, the characteristics of users can be distinguished adequately even under an open environment by extracting self-existent intrinsic temperature features from five typical sites of fingers. Combined with machine learning, the TGH array can recognize different users with a high average accuracy of 97.6%. This self-powered identity recognition strategy is further applied to a smart lock, attaining a more reliable security protection from biometric characteristics than bare passwords. This work provides a promising solution for achieving better identity recognition, which has great advantages in intelligent security and human-machine interaction toward future Internet of everything.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueliang Ma
- College of Electronic Information and Optical Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, 030024, China
| | - Wenxu Wang
- College of Electronic Information and Optical Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, 030024, China
| | - Xiaojing Cui
- School of Physics and Information Engineering, Shanxi Normal University, Taiyuan, 030031, China
| | - Yunsheng Li
- College of Electronic Information and Optical Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, 030024, China
| | - Kun Yang
- College of Electronic Information and Optical Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, 030024, China
| | - Zhiquan Huang
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Taiyuan University of Science and Technology, Taiyuan, 030024, China
| | - Hulin Zhang
- College of Electronic Information and Optical Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, 030024, China
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37
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Zhang B, Ao Z, Zhang F, Zhong J, Zhang S, Liu H, Chen Y, Xie J, Wen W, Wang G, Chen P, Yang X, Cao J, Zhong M, Li H, Zhang Z. Controlled growth of asymmetric chiral TeOx for broad-spectrum, high-responsivity and polarization-sensitive photodetection. J Chem Phys 2024; 161:084705. [PMID: 39171714 DOI: 10.1063/5.0222227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2024] [Accepted: 08/08/2024] [Indexed: 08/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Low-dimensional nanostructures, especially one-dimensional materials, exhibit remarkable anisotropic characteristics due to their low symmetry, making them promising candidates for polarization-sensitive photodetection. Here, we present a chemical vapor deposition synthesis method for tellurium suboxide (TeOx), confirming the practicality of photodetectors constructed from TeOx nanowires (NWs) in high-responsivity, broadband, and polarization-sensitive detection. By precisely controlling the thermodynamics and kinetics of TeOx NWs growth, we achieve large-scale growth of TeOx NWs with highly controllable dimensions and propose a method to induce intrinsic built-in strain in TeOx NWs. Photodetectors based on quasi-one-dimensional TeOx NWs with ohmic contact demonstrate broadband spectral response (638-1550 nm), high responsivity (13 700 mA·W-1), and superior air stability. Particularly, owing to the inherent structural anisotropy of the photodetectors, they exhibit polarization-sensitive photodetection, with anisotropy ratios of 1.70 and 1.71 at 638 and 808 nm, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baihui Zhang
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Nanophotonics and Devices, School of Physics, Central South University, Changsha 410083, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhikang Ao
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Nanophotonics and Devices, School of Physics, Central South University, Changsha 410083, People's Republic of China
| | - Fen Zhang
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Nanophotonics and Devices, School of Physics, Central South University, Changsha 410083, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiang Zhong
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Nanophotonics and Devices, School of Physics, Central South University, Changsha 410083, People's Republic of China
| | - Shunhui Zhang
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Nanophotonics and Devices, School of Physics, Central South University, Changsha 410083, People's Republic of China
| | - Hang Liu
- Physical Sciences and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Yinghao Chen
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Nanophotonics and Devices, School of Physics, Central South University, Changsha 410083, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianing Xie
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Nanophotonics and Devices, School of Physics, Central South University, Changsha 410083, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenkui Wen
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Nanophotonics and Devices, School of Physics, Central South University, Changsha 410083, People's Republic of China
| | - Guang Wang
- Department of Physics, College of Sciences, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, People's Republic of China
| | - Peng Chen
- School of Microelectronics, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiangdong Yang
- Institute of Micro/Nano Materials and Devices, Ningbo University of Technology, Ningbo 315211, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinhui Cao
- College of Energy and Power Engineering, Changsha University of Science and Technology, Changsha 410114, People's Republic of China
| | - Mianzeng Zhong
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Nanophotonics and Devices, School of Physics, Central South University, Changsha 410083, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongjian Li
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Nanophotonics and Devices, School of Physics, Central South University, Changsha 410083, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhengwei Zhang
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Nanophotonics and Devices, School of Physics, Central South University, Changsha 410083, People's Republic of China
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38
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Ko J, Kim D, Nguyen QH, Lee C, Kim N, Lee H, Eo J, Kwon JE, Jeon SY, Jang BC, Im SG, Joo Y. A nonconjugated radical polymer enables bimodal memory and in-sensor computing operation. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2024; 10:eadp0778. [PMID: 39121228 PMCID: PMC11313951 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adp0778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2024] [Accepted: 07/08/2024] [Indexed: 08/11/2024]
Abstract
This study reports intrinsic multimodal memristivity of a nonconjugated radical polymer with ambient stability. Organic memristive devices represent powerful candidates for biorealistic data storage and processing. However, there exists a substantial knowledge gap in realizing the synthetic biorealistic systems capable of effectively emulating the cooperative and multimodal activation processes in biological systems. In addition, conventional organic memristive materials are centered on conjugated small and macromolecules, making them synthetically challenging or difficult to process. In this work, we first describe the intrinsic resistive switching of the radical polymer that resulted in an exceptional state retention of >105 s and on/off ratio of >106. Next, we demonstrate its bimodal cooperative switching, in response to the proton accumulation as a biological input. Last, we expand our system toward an advanced in-sensor computing system. Our research demonstrates a nonconjugated radical polymer with intrinsic memristivity, which is directly applicable to future electronics including data storage, neuromorphics, and in-sensor computing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaehyoung Ko
- Institute of Advanced Composite Materials, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Wanju-gun, Jeonbuk 55324, Republic of Korea
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Daeun Kim
- Institute of Advanced Composite Materials, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Wanju-gun, Jeonbuk 55324, Republic of Korea
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Quynh H. Nguyen
- Institute of Advanced Composite Materials, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Wanju-gun, Jeonbuk 55324, Republic of Korea
| | - Changhyeon Lee
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Namju Kim
- School of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Hoyeon Lee
- Institute of Advanced Composite Materials, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Wanju-gun, Jeonbuk 55324, Republic of Korea
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Joohwan Eo
- Institute of Advanced Composite Materials, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Wanju-gun, Jeonbuk 55324, Republic of Korea
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Eon Kwon
- Institute of Advanced Composite Materials, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Wanju-gun, Jeonbuk 55324, Republic of Korea
- Department of JBNU-KIST Industry Academia Convergence Research, Jeonbuk National University, 567 Baekje-daero, Deokjin-gu, Jeonju, Jeonbuk 54896, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Yeol Jeon
- Institute of Advanced Composite Materials, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Wanju-gun, Jeonbuk 55324, Republic of Korea
| | - Byung Chul Jang
- School of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Gap Im
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Yongho Joo
- Institute of Advanced Composite Materials, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Wanju-gun, Jeonbuk 55324, Republic of Korea
- Division of Nano and Information Technology, KIST School, Korea University of Science and Technology (UST), Jeonbuk 55324, Republic of Korea
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39
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Lv Z, Zhu S, Wang Y, Ren Y, Luo M, Wang H, Zhang G, Zhai Y, Zhao S, Zhou Y, Jiang M, Leng YB, Han ST. Development of Bio-Voltage Operated Humidity-Sensory Neurons Comprising Self-Assembled Peptide Memristors. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2405145. [PMID: 38877385 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202405145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2024] [Revised: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 06/16/2024]
Abstract
Biomimetic humidity sensors offer a low-power approach for respiratory monitoring in early lung-disease diagnosis. However, balancing miniaturization and energy efficiency remains challenging. This study addresses this issue by introducing a bioinspired humidity-sensing neuron comprising a self-assembled peptide nanowire (NW) memristor with unique proton-coupled ion transport. The proposed neuron shows a low Ag+ activation energy owing to the NW and redox activity of the tyrosine (Tyr)-rich peptide in the system, facilitating ultralow electric-field-driven threshold switching and a high energy efficiency. Additionally, Ag+ migration in the system can be controlled by a proton source owing to the hydrophilic nature of the phenolic hydroxyl group in Tyr, enabling the humidity-based control of the conductance state of the memristor. Furthermore, a memristor-based neuromorphic perception neuron that can encode humidity signals into spikes is proposed. The spiking characteristics of this neuron can be modulated to emulate the strength-modulated spike-frequency characteristics of biological neurons. A three-layer spiking neural network with input neurons comprising these highly tunable humidity perception neurons shows an accuracy of 92.68% in lung-disease diagnosis. This study paves the way for developing bioinspired self-assembly strategies to construct neuromorphic perception systems, bridging the gap between artificial and biological sensing and processing paradigms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyu Lv
- College of Electronics and Information Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, P. R. China
| | - Shirui Zhu
- Institute of Microscale Optoelectronics, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, P. R. China
| | - Yan Wang
- School of Microelectronics, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009, P. R. China
| | - Yanyun Ren
- 2020 X-Lab, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200050, China
| | - Mingtao Luo
- College of Electronics and Information Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, P. R. China
| | - Hanning Wang
- College of Electronics and Information Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, P. R. China
| | - Guohua Zhang
- College of Electronics and Information Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, P. R. China
| | - Yongbiao Zhai
- College of Electronics and Information Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, P. R. China
| | - Shilong Zhao
- School of Electronic Information Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, 528000, P. R. China
| | - Ye Zhou
- Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, P. R. China
| | - Minghao Jiang
- College of Electronics and Information Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, P. R. China
| | - Yan-Bing Leng
- Institute of Microscale Optoelectronics, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, P. R. China
| | - Su-Ting Han
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong, 999077, P. R. China
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40
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Yang Q, Kang Y, Zhang C, Chen H, Zhang T, Bian Z, Su X, Xu W, Sun J, Wang P, Xu Y, Yu B, Zhao Y. A Plasmonic Optoelectronic Resistive Random-Access Memory for In-Sensor Color Image Cryptography. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 11:e2403043. [PMID: 38810136 PMCID: PMC11304321 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202403043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2024] [Revised: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024]
Abstract
The optoelectronic resistive random-access memory (RRAM) with the integrated function of perception, storage and intrinsic randomness displays promising applications in the hardware level in-sensor image cryptography. In this work, 2D hexagonal boron nitride based optoelectronic RRAM is fabricated with semitransparent noble metal (Ag or Au) as top electrodes, which can simultaneous capture color image and generate physically unclonable function (PUF) key for in-sensor color image cryptography. Surface plasmons of noble metals enable the strong light absorption to realize an efficient modulation of filament growth at nanoscale. Resistive switching curves show that the optical stimuli can impede the filament aggregation and promote the filament annihilation, which originates from photothermal effects and photogenerated hot electrons in localized surface plasmon resonance of noble metals. By selecting noble metals, the optoelectronic RRAM array can respond to distinct wavelengths and mimic the biological dichromatic cone cells to perform the color perception. Due to the intrinsic and high-quality randomness, the optoelectronic RRAM can produce a PUF key in every exposure cycle, which can be applied in the reconfigurable cryptography. The findings demonstrate an effective strategy to build optoelectronic RRAM for in-sensor color image cryptography applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quan Yang
- College of Integrated CircuitsHangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation CentreZhejiang University38 Zheda RoadHangzhou310027China
| | - Yu Kang
- College of Integrated CircuitsHangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation CentreZhejiang University38 Zheda RoadHangzhou310027China
| | - Cheng Zhang
- College of Integrated CircuitsHangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation CentreZhejiang University38 Zheda RoadHangzhou310027China
| | - Haohan Chen
- College of Integrated CircuitsHangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation CentreZhejiang University38 Zheda RoadHangzhou310027China
| | - Tianjiao Zhang
- College of Integrated CircuitsHangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation CentreZhejiang University38 Zheda RoadHangzhou310027China
| | - Zheng Bian
- College of Integrated CircuitsHangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation CentreZhejiang University38 Zheda RoadHangzhou310027China
| | - Xiangwei Su
- College of Integrated CircuitsHangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation CentreZhejiang University38 Zheda RoadHangzhou310027China
| | - Wei Xu
- Research Center for Frontier Fundamental StudiesZhejiang LabHangzhou311100China
| | - Jiabao Sun
- Micro‐Nano Fabrication CenterZhejiang University38 Zheda RoadHangzhou310027China
| | - Pan Wang
- College of Optical Science and EngineeringZhejiang UniversityHangzhou310027China
| | - Yang Xu
- College of Integrated CircuitsHangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation CentreZhejiang University38 Zheda RoadHangzhou310027China
| | - Bin Yu
- College of Integrated CircuitsHangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation CentreZhejiang University38 Zheda RoadHangzhou310027China
| | - Yuda Zhao
- College of Integrated CircuitsHangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation CentreZhejiang University38 Zheda RoadHangzhou310027China
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Chemical Materials and Devices of Ministry of EducationJianghan UniversityWuhan430056China
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41
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Lian M, Gao C, Lin Z, Shan L, Chen C, Zou Y, Cheng E, Liu C, Guo T, Chen W, Chen H. Towards mixed physical node reservoir computing: light-emitting synaptic reservoir system with dual photoelectric output. LIGHT, SCIENCE & APPLICATIONS 2024; 13:179. [PMID: 39085198 PMCID: PMC11291830 DOI: 10.1038/s41377-024-01516-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2024] [Revised: 05/19/2024] [Accepted: 06/29/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024]
Abstract
Memristor-based physical reservoir computing holds significant potential for efficiently processing complex spatiotemporal data, which is crucial for advancing artificial intelligence. However, owing to the single physical node mapping characteristic of traditional memristor reservoir computing, it inevitably induces high repeatability of eigenvalues to a certain extent and significantly limits the efficiency and performance of memristor-based reservoir computing for complex tasks. Hence, this work firstly reports an artificial light-emitting synaptic (LES) device with dual photoelectric output for reservoir computing, and a reservoir system with mixed physical nodes is proposed. The system effectively transforms the input signal into two eigenvalue outputs using a mixed physical node reservoir comprising distinct physical quantities, namely optical output with nonlinear optical effects and electrical output with memory characteristics. Unlike previously reported memristor-based reservoir systems, which pursue rich reservoir states in one physical dimension, our mixed physical node reservoir system can obtain reservoir states in two physical dimensions with one input without increasing the number and types of devices. The recognition rate of the artificial light-emitting synaptic reservoir system can achieve 97.22% in MNIST recognition. Furthermore, the recognition task of multichannel images can be realized through the nonlinear mapping of the photoelectric dual reservoir, resulting in a recognition accuracy of 99.25%. The mixed physical node reservoir computing proposed in this work is promising for implementing the development of photoelectric mixed neural networks and material-algorithm collaborative design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minrui Lian
- Institute of Optoelectronic Display, National & Local United Engineering Lab of Flat Panel Display Technology, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
- Fujian Science & Technology Innovation Laboratory for Optoelectronic Information of China, Fuzhou, 350100, China
- Joint School of National University of Singapore and Tianjin University, International Campus of Tianjin University, Fuzhou, 350207, China
| | - Changsong Gao
- Institute of Optoelectronic Display, National & Local United Engineering Lab of Flat Panel Display Technology, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
- Fujian Science & Technology Innovation Laboratory for Optoelectronic Information of China, Fuzhou, 350100, China
| | - Zhenyuan Lin
- Institute of Optoelectronic Display, National & Local United Engineering Lab of Flat Panel Display Technology, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
- Fujian Science & Technology Innovation Laboratory for Optoelectronic Information of China, Fuzhou, 350100, China
- Joint School of National University of Singapore and Tianjin University, International Campus of Tianjin University, Fuzhou, 350207, China
| | - Liuting Shan
- Institute of Optoelectronic Display, National & Local United Engineering Lab of Flat Panel Display Technology, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
- Fujian Science & Technology Innovation Laboratory for Optoelectronic Information of China, Fuzhou, 350100, China
| | - Cong Chen
- Institute of Optoelectronic Display, National & Local United Engineering Lab of Flat Panel Display Technology, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
- Fujian Science & Technology Innovation Laboratory for Optoelectronic Information of China, Fuzhou, 350100, China
| | - Yi Zou
- Institute of Optoelectronic Display, National & Local United Engineering Lab of Flat Panel Display Technology, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
- Fujian Science & Technology Innovation Laboratory for Optoelectronic Information of China, Fuzhou, 350100, China
| | - Enping Cheng
- Institute of Optoelectronic Display, National & Local United Engineering Lab of Flat Panel Display Technology, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
- Fujian Science & Technology Innovation Laboratory for Optoelectronic Information of China, Fuzhou, 350100, China
| | - Changfei Liu
- Institute of Optoelectronic Display, National & Local United Engineering Lab of Flat Panel Display Technology, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
- Fujian Science & Technology Innovation Laboratory for Optoelectronic Information of China, Fuzhou, 350100, China
- Joint School of National University of Singapore and Tianjin University, International Campus of Tianjin University, Fuzhou, 350207, China
| | - Tailiang Guo
- Institute of Optoelectronic Display, National & Local United Engineering Lab of Flat Panel Display Technology, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
- Fujian Science & Technology Innovation Laboratory for Optoelectronic Information of China, Fuzhou, 350100, China
| | - Wei Chen
- Joint School of National University of Singapore and Tianjin University, International Campus of Tianjin University, Fuzhou, 350207, China
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore, 117543, Singapore
- Department of Physics, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore, 117543, Singapore
| | - Huipeng Chen
- Institute of Optoelectronic Display, National & Local United Engineering Lab of Flat Panel Display Technology, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350002, China.
- Fujian Science & Technology Innovation Laboratory for Optoelectronic Information of China, Fuzhou, 350100, China.
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42
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Huang Z, Shi W, Wu S, Wang Y, Yang S, Chen H. Pre-sensor computing with compact multilayer optical neural network. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2024; 10:eado8516. [PMID: 39058775 PMCID: PMC11277373 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.ado8516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024]
Abstract
Moving computation units closer to sensors is becoming a promising approach to addressing bottlenecks in computing speed, power consumption, and data storage. Pre-sensor computing with optical neural networks (ONNs) allows extensive processing. However, the lack of nonlinear activation and dependence on laser input limits the computational capacity, practicality, and scalability. A compact and passive multilayer ONN (MONN) is proposed, which has two convolution layers and an inserted nonlinear layer, performing pre-sensor computations with designed passive masks and a quantum dot film for incoherent light. MONN has an optical length as short as 5 millimeters, two orders of magnitude smaller than state-of-the-art lens-based ONNs. MONN outperforms linear single-layer ONN across various vision tasks, off-loading up to 95% of computationally expensive operations into optics from electronics. Motivated by MONN, a paradigm is emerging for mobile vision, fulfilling the demands for practicality, miniaturization, and low power consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Huang
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
- Beijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Wanxin Shi
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
- Beijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Shukai Wu
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
- Beijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Yaode Wang
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
- Beijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Sigang Yang
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
- Beijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Hongwei Chen
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
- Beijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology, Beijing 100084, China
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43
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Zhang QR, Ouyang WL, Wang XM, Yang F, Chen JG, Wen ZX, Liu JX, Wang G, Liu Q, Liu FC. Dynamic memristor for physical reservoir computing. NANOSCALE 2024; 16:13847-13860. [PMID: 38984618 DOI: 10.1039/d4nr01445f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/11/2024]
Abstract
Reservoir computing (RC) has attracted considerable attention for its efficient handling of temporal signals and lower training costs. As a nonlinear dynamic system, RC can map low-dimensional inputs into high-dimensional spaces and implement classification using a simple linear readout layer. The memristor exhibits complex dynamic characteristics due to its internal physical processes, which renders them an ideal choice for the implementation of physical reservoir computing (PRC) systems. This review focuses on PRC systems based on memristors, explaining the resistive switching mechanism at the device level and emphasizing the tunability of their dynamic behavior. The development of memristor-based reservoir computing systems is highlighted, along with discussions on the challenges faced by this field and potential future research directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi-Rui Zhang
- Yangtze Delta Region Institute (Huzhou), University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Huzhou 313099, China.
- School of Optoelectronic Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, China
| | - Wei-Lun Ouyang
- School of Optoelectronic Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, China
| | - Xue-Mei Wang
- School of Optoelectronic Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, China
| | - Fan Yang
- School of Optoelectronic Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, China
| | - Jian-Gang Chen
- School of Optoelectronic Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, China
| | - Zhi-Xing Wen
- Yangtze Delta Region Institute (Huzhou), University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Huzhou 313099, China.
- School of Optoelectronic Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, China
| | - Jia-Xin Liu
- School of Optoelectronic Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, China
| | - Ge Wang
- School of Optoelectronic Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, China
| | - Qing Liu
- School of Optoelectronic Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, China
| | - Fu-Cai Liu
- Yangtze Delta Region Institute (Huzhou), University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Huzhou 313099, China.
- School of Optoelectronic Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, China
- State Key Laboratory of Electronic Thin Films and Integrated Devices, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, China
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44
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Chang KC, Feng X, Duan X, Liu H, Liu Y, Peng Z, Lin X, Li L. Integrating ultraviolet sensing and memory functions in gallium nitride-based optoelectronic devices. NANOSCALE HORIZONS 2024; 9:1166-1174. [PMID: 38668875 DOI: 10.1039/d3nh00560g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/25/2024]
Abstract
Optoelectronic devices present a promising avenue for emulating the human visual system. However, existing devices struggle to maintain optical image information after removing external stimuli, preventing the integration of image perception and memory. The development of optoelectronic memory devices offers a feasible solution to bridge this gap. Simultaneously, the artificial vision for perceiving and storing ultraviolet (UV) images is particularly important because UV light carries information imperceptible to the naked eye. This study introduces a multi-level UV optoelectronic memory based on gallium nitride (GaN), seamlessly integrating UV sensing and memory functions within a single device. The embedded SiO2 side-gates around source and drain regions effectively extend the lifetime of photo-generated carriers, enabling dual-mode storage of UV signals in terms of threshold voltage and ON-state current. The optoelectronic memory demonstrates excellent robustness with the retention time exceeding 4 × 104 s and programming/erasing cycles surpassing 1 × 105. Adjusting the gate voltage achieves five distinct storage states, each characterized by excellent retention, and efficiently modulates erasure times for rapid erasure. Furthermore, the integration of the GaN optoelectronic memory array successfully captures and stably stores specific UV images for over 7 days. The study marks a significant stride in optoelectronic memories, showcasing their potential in applications requiring prolonged retention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuan-Chang Chang
- School of Electronic and Computer Engineering, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen, 518055, China.
| | - Xibei Feng
- School of Electronic and Computer Engineering, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen, 518055, China.
| | - Xinqing Duan
- School of Electronic and Computer Engineering, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen, 518055, China.
| | - Huangbai Liu
- School of Electronic and Computer Engineering, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen, 518055, China.
| | - Yanxin Liu
- School of Electronic and Computer Engineering, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen, 518055, China.
| | - Zehui Peng
- School of Electronic and Computer Engineering, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen, 518055, China.
| | - Xinnan Lin
- Anhui Engineering Research Center of Vehicle Display Integrated Systems, Joint Discipline Key Laboratory of Touch Display Materials and Devices, School of Integrated Circuits, Anhui Polytechnic University, Wuhu 241000, China.
| | - Lei Li
- School of Electronic and Computer Engineering, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen, 518055, China.
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45
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Xia J, Gao C, Peng C, Liu Y, Chen PA, Wei H, Jiang L, Liao L, Chen H, Hu Y. Multidimensional Deep Ultraviolet (DUV) Synapses Based on Organic/Perovskite Semiconductor Heterojunction Transistors for Antispoofing Facial Recognition Systems. NANO LETTERS 2024; 24:6673-6682. [PMID: 38779991 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.4c01356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Reliably discerning real human faces from fake ones, known as antispoofing, is crucial for facial recognition systems. While neuromorphic systems offer integrated sensing-memory-processing functions, they still struggle with efficient antispoofing techniques. Here we introduce a neuromorphic facial recognition system incorporating multidimensional deep ultraviolet (DUV) optoelectronic synapses to address these challenges. To overcome the complexity and high cost of producing DUV synapses using traditional wide-bandgap semiconductors, we developed a low-temperature (≤70 °C) solution process for fabricating DUV synapses based on PEA2PbBr4/C8-BTBT heterojunction field-effect transistors. This method enables the large-scale (4-in.), uniform, and transparent production of DUV synapses. These devices respond to both DUV and visible light, showing multidimensional features. Leveraging the unique ability of the multidimensional DUV synapse (MDUVS) to discriminate real human skin from artificial materials, we have achieved robust neuromorphic facial recognition with antispoofing capability, successfully identifying genuine human faces with an accuracy exceeding 92%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiangnan Xia
- International Science and Technology Innovation Cooperation Base for Advanced Display Technologies of Hunan Province School of Physics and Electronics, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
- Changsha Semiconductor Technology and Application Innovation Research Institute College of Semiconductors (College of Integrated Circuits), Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Changsong Gao
- Institute of Optoelectronic Display National and Local United Engineering Lab of Flat Panel Display Technology, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Chengyuan Peng
- International Science and Technology Innovation Cooperation Base for Advanced Display Technologies of Hunan Province School of Physics and Electronics, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
- Changsha Semiconductor Technology and Application Innovation Research Institute College of Semiconductors (College of Integrated Circuits), Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
- Shenzhen Research Institute of Hunan University, Shenzhen 518063, China
| | - Yu Liu
- International Science and Technology Innovation Cooperation Base for Advanced Display Technologies of Hunan Province School of Physics and Electronics, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
- Changsha Semiconductor Technology and Application Innovation Research Institute College of Semiconductors (College of Integrated Circuits), Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
- Shenzhen Research Institute of Hunan University, Shenzhen 518063, China
| | - Ping-An Chen
- International Science and Technology Innovation Cooperation Base for Advanced Display Technologies of Hunan Province School of Physics and Electronics, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
- Changsha Semiconductor Technology and Application Innovation Research Institute College of Semiconductors (College of Integrated Circuits), Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
- Shenzhen Research Institute of Hunan University, Shenzhen 518063, China
| | - Huan Wei
- International Science and Technology Innovation Cooperation Base for Advanced Display Technologies of Hunan Province School of Physics and Electronics, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
- Changsha Semiconductor Technology and Application Innovation Research Institute College of Semiconductors (College of Integrated Circuits), Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
- Shenzhen Research Institute of Hunan University, Shenzhen 518063, China
| | - Lang Jiang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Lei Liao
- International Science and Technology Innovation Cooperation Base for Advanced Display Technologies of Hunan Province School of Physics and Electronics, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Huipeng Chen
- Institute of Optoelectronic Display National and Local United Engineering Lab of Flat Panel Display Technology, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Yuanyuan Hu
- International Science and Technology Innovation Cooperation Base for Advanced Display Technologies of Hunan Province School of Physics and Electronics, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
- Changsha Semiconductor Technology and Application Innovation Research Institute College of Semiconductors (College of Integrated Circuits), Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
- Shenzhen Research Institute of Hunan University, Shenzhen 518063, China
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46
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Wang Z, Li M, Yang H, Shao S, Li J, Deng M, Kang K, Fang Y, Wang H, Zhao J. Enhancement-Mode Carbon Nanotube Optoelectronic Synaptic Transistors with Large and Controllable Threshold Voltage Modulation Window for Broadband Flexible Vision Systems. ACS NANO 2024; 18:14298-14311. [PMID: 38787538 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.4c00166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
The development of large-scale integration of optoelectronic neuromorphic devices with ultralow power consumption and broadband responses is essential for high-performance bionics vision systems. In this work, we developed a strategy to construct large-scale (40 × 30) enhancement-mode carbon nanotube optoelectronic synaptic transistors with ultralow power consumption (33.9 aJ per pulse) and broadband responses (from 365 to 620 nm) using low-work function yttrium (Y)-gate electrodes and the mixture of eco-friendly photosensitive Ag2S quantum dots (QDs) and ionic liquids (ILs)-cross-linking-poly(4-vinylphenol) (PVP) (ILs-c-PVP) as the dielectric layers. Solution-processable carbon nanotube thin-film transistors (TFTs) showed enhancement-mode characteristics with the wide and controllable threshold voltage window (-1 V∼0 V) owing to use of the low-work-function Y-gate electrodes. It is noted that carbon nanotube optoelectronic synaptic transistors exhibited high on/off ratios (>106), small hysteresis and low operating voltage (≤2 V), and enhancement mode even under the illumination of ultraviolet (UV, 365 nm), blue (450 nm), and green (550 nm) to red (620 nm) pulse lights when introducing eco-friendly Ag2S QDs in dielectric layers, demonstrating that they have the strong fault-tolerant ability for the threshold voltage drifts caused by various manufacturing scenarios. Furthermore, some important bionic functions including a high paired pulse facilitation index (PPF index, up to 290%), learning and memory function with the long duration (200 s), and rapid recovery (2 s). Pavlov's dog experiment (retention time up to 20 min) and visual memory forgetting experiments (the duration of high current for 180 s) are also demonstrated. Significantly, the optoelectronic synaptic transistors can be used to simulate the adaptive process of vision in varying light conditions, and we demonstrated the dynamic transition of light adaptation to dark adaptation based on light-induced conditional behavior. This work undoubtedly provides valuable insights for the future development of artificial vision systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zebin Wang
- Institute of Nano Science and Technology, University of Science and Technology of China, No. 166 Ren Ai Road, Suzhou Industrial Park, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province 215123, PR China
- School of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, University of Science and Technology of China, No. 398 Ruoshui Road, Suzhou Industrial Park, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province 215123, PR China
- Division of Nanodevices and Related Nanomaterials, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 398 Ruoshui Road, Suzhou Industrial Park, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province 215123, PR China
| | - Min Li
- School of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, University of Science and Technology of China, No. 398 Ruoshui Road, Suzhou Industrial Park, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province 215123, PR China
- Division of Nanodevices and Related Nanomaterials, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 398 Ruoshui Road, Suzhou Industrial Park, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province 215123, PR China
| | - Hongchao Yang
- School of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, University of Science and Technology of China, No. 398 Ruoshui Road, Suzhou Industrial Park, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province 215123, PR China
| | - Shuangshuang Shao
- School of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, University of Science and Technology of China, No. 398 Ruoshui Road, Suzhou Industrial Park, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province 215123, PR China
- Division of Nanodevices and Related Nanomaterials, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 398 Ruoshui Road, Suzhou Industrial Park, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province 215123, PR China
| | - Jiaqi Li
- School of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, University of Science and Technology of China, No. 398 Ruoshui Road, Suzhou Industrial Park, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province 215123, PR China
- Division of Nanodevices and Related Nanomaterials, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 398 Ruoshui Road, Suzhou Industrial Park, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province 215123, PR China
| | - Meng Deng
- Institute of Nano Science and Technology, University of Science and Technology of China, No. 166 Ren Ai Road, Suzhou Industrial Park, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province 215123, PR China
- School of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, University of Science and Technology of China, No. 398 Ruoshui Road, Suzhou Industrial Park, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province 215123, PR China
- Division of Nanodevices and Related Nanomaterials, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 398 Ruoshui Road, Suzhou Industrial Park, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province 215123, PR China
| | - Kaixiang Kang
- School of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, University of Science and Technology of China, No. 398 Ruoshui Road, Suzhou Industrial Park, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province 215123, PR China
- Division of Nanodevices and Related Nanomaterials, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 398 Ruoshui Road, Suzhou Industrial Park, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province 215123, PR China
| | - Yuxiao Fang
- School of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, University of Science and Technology of China, No. 398 Ruoshui Road, Suzhou Industrial Park, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province 215123, PR China
- Division of Nanodevices and Related Nanomaterials, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 398 Ruoshui Road, Suzhou Industrial Park, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province 215123, PR China
| | - Hua Wang
- Key Laboratory of Interface Science and Engineering in Advanced Materials of Ministry of Education, Taiyuan University of Technology, NO.79, Yingze West Main Street, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province 030024, P.R. China
| | - Jianwen Zhao
- School of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, University of Science and Technology of China, No. 398 Ruoshui Road, Suzhou Industrial Park, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province 215123, PR China
- Division of Nanodevices and Related Nanomaterials, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 398 Ruoshui Road, Suzhou Industrial Park, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province 215123, PR China
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47
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Hou X, Liu Y, Bai S, Yu S, Huang H, Yang K, Li C, Peng Z, Zhao X, Zhou X, Xu G, Long S. Pyroelectric Photoconductive Diode for Highly Sensitive and Fast DUV Detection. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2314249. [PMID: 38564779 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202314249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2023] [Revised: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Detecting high-energy photons from the deep ultraviolet (DUV) to X-rays is vital in security, medicine, industry, and science. Wide bandgap (WBG) semiconductors exhibit great potential for detecting high-energy photons. However, the implementation of highly sensitive and high-speed detectors based on WBG semiconductors has been a huge challenge due to the inevitable deep level traps and the lack of appropriate device structure engineering. Here, a sensitive and fast pyroelectric photoconductive diode (PPD), which couples the interface pyroelectric effect with the photoconductive effect based on tailored polycrystal Ga-rich GaOx (PGR-GaOx) Schottky photodiode, is first proposed. The PPD device exhibits ultrahigh detection performance for DUV and X-ray light. The responsivity for DUV light and sensitivity for X-ray are up to 104 A W-1 and 105 µC Gyair -1 cm-2, respectively. Especially, the interface pyroelectric effect induced by polar symmetry in the depletion region of the PGR-GaOx can significantly improve the response speed of the device by 105 times. Furthermore, the potential of the device is demonstrated for imaging enhancement systems with low power consumption and high sensitivity. This work fully excavates the potential of the pyroelectric effect for detectors and provides a novel design strategy to achieve sensitive and high-speed detectors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohu Hou
- School of Microelectronics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Yan Liu
- School of Microelectronics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Shiyu Bai
- School of Microelectronics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Shunjie Yu
- School of Microelectronics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Hong Huang
- School of Microelectronics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Kai Yang
- School of Microelectronics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Chen Li
- School of Microelectronics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Zhixin Peng
- School of Microelectronics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Xiaolong Zhao
- School of Microelectronics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Xuanze Zhou
- School of Microelectronics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Guangwei Xu
- School of Microelectronics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Shibing Long
- School of Microelectronics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
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48
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Liu S, Zhong X, Li Y, Guo B, He Z, Wu Z, Liu S, Guo Y, Shi X, Chen W, Duan H, Zeng J, Liu G. A Self-Oscillated Organic Synapse for In-Memory Two-Factor Authentication. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 11:e2401080. [PMID: 38520711 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202401080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Revised: 03/02/2024] [Indexed: 03/25/2024]
Abstract
Entering the era of AI 2.0, bio-inspired target recognition facilitates life. However, target recognition may suffer from some risks when the target is hijacked. Therefore, it is significantly important to provide an encryption process prior to neuromorphic computing. In this work, enlightened from time-varied synaptic rule, an in-memory asymmetric encryption as pre-authentication is utilized with subsequent convolutional neural network (ConvNet) for target recognition, achieving in-memory two-factor authentication (IM-2FA). The unipolar self-oscillated synaptic behavior is adopted to function as in-memory asymmetric encryption, which can greatly decrease the complexity of the peripheral circuit compared to bipolar stimulation. Results show that without passing the encryption process with suitable weights at the correct time, the ConvNet for target recognition will not work properly with an extremely low accuracy lower than 0.86%, thus effectively blocking out the potential risks of involuntary access. When a set of correct weights is evolved at a suitable time, a recognition rate as high as 99.82% can be implemented for target recognition, which verifies the effectiveness of the IM-2FA strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuzhi Liu
- Department of Micro/Nano Electronics, School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Xiaolong Zhong
- Department of Micro/Nano Electronics, School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Yuxuan Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Bingjie Guo
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Zhilong He
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Zhixin Wu
- Department of Micro/Nano Electronics, School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Sixian Liu
- Department of Micro/Nano Electronics, School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Yanbo Guo
- Department of Micro/Nano Electronics, School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Xiaoling Shi
- Department of Micro/Nano Electronics, School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Weilin Chen
- Department of Micro/Nano Electronics, School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Hongxiao Duan
- Department of Micro/Nano Electronics, School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Jianmin Zeng
- Department of Micro/Nano Electronics, School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Gang Liu
- Department of Micro/Nano Electronics, School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
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49
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Zhang X, Liu D, Liu S, Cai Y, Shan L, Chen C, Chen H, Liu Y, Guo T, Chen H. Toward Intelligent Display with Neuromorphic Technology. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2401821. [PMID: 38567884 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202401821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2024] [Revised: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
In the era of the Internet and the Internet of Things, display technology has evolved significantly toward full-scene display and realistic display. Incorporating "intelligence" into displays is a crucial technical approach to meet the demands of this development. Traditional display technology relies on distributed hardware systems to achieve intelligent displays but encounters challenges stemming from the physical separation of sensing, processing, and light-emitting modules. The high energy consumption and data transformation delays limited the development of intelligence display, breaking the physical separation is crucial to overcoming the bottlenecks of intelligence display technology. Inspired by the biological neural system, neuromorphic technology with all-in-one features is widely employed across various fields. It proves effective in reducing system power consumption, facilitating frequent data transformation, and enabling cross-scene integration. Neuromorphic technology shows great potential to overcome display technology bottlenecks, realizing the full-scene display and realistic display with high efficiency and low power consumption. This review offers a comprehensive summary of recent advancements in the application of neuromorphic technology in displays, with a focus on interoperability. This work delves into its state-of-the-art designs and potential future developments aimed at revolutionizing display technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianghong Zhang
- Institute of Optoelectronic Display, National and Local United Engineering Lab of Flat Panel Display Technology, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
- Fujian Science and Technology Innovation Laboratory for Optoelectronic Information of China, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350100, China
| | - Di Liu
- Institute of Optoelectronic Display, National and Local United Engineering Lab of Flat Panel Display Technology, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
- Fujian Science and Technology Innovation Laboratory for Optoelectronic Information of China, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350100, China
| | - Shuai Liu
- Institute of Optoelectronic Display, National and Local United Engineering Lab of Flat Panel Display Technology, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
- Fujian Science and Technology Innovation Laboratory for Optoelectronic Information of China, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350100, China
| | - Yongjie Cai
- Institute of Optoelectronic Display, National and Local United Engineering Lab of Flat Panel Display Technology, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
- Fujian Science and Technology Innovation Laboratory for Optoelectronic Information of China, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350100, China
| | - Liuting Shan
- Institute of Optoelectronic Display, National and Local United Engineering Lab of Flat Panel Display Technology, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
- Fujian Science and Technology Innovation Laboratory for Optoelectronic Information of China, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350100, China
| | - Cong Chen
- Institute of Optoelectronic Display, National and Local United Engineering Lab of Flat Panel Display Technology, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
- Fujian Science and Technology Innovation Laboratory for Optoelectronic Information of China, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350100, China
| | - Huimei Chen
- Institute of Optoelectronic Display, National and Local United Engineering Lab of Flat Panel Display Technology, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
- Fujian Science and Technology Innovation Laboratory for Optoelectronic Information of China, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350100, China
| | - Yaqian Liu
- School of Electronics and Information, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450002, China
| | - Tailiang Guo
- Institute of Optoelectronic Display, National and Local United Engineering Lab of Flat Panel Display Technology, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
- Fujian Science and Technology Innovation Laboratory for Optoelectronic Information of China, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350100, China
| | - Huipeng Chen
- Institute of Optoelectronic Display, National and Local United Engineering Lab of Flat Panel Display Technology, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
- Fujian Science and Technology Innovation Laboratory for Optoelectronic Information of China, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350100, China
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50
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Liu Y, Yu S, Zhang Z, Hou X, Ding M, Zhao X, Xu G, Zhou X, Long S. Reservoir Computing Based on Oxygen-Vacancy-Mediated X-ray Optical Synaptic Device for Medical CT Bone Diagnosis. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024. [PMID: 38696352 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c01255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2024]
Abstract
Recognition and judgment of X-ray computed tomography (CT) images play a crucial role in medical diagnosis and disease prevention. However, the storage and calculation of the X-ray imaging system applied in the traditional CT diagnosis is separate, and the pathological judgment is based on doctors' experience, which will affect the timeliness and accuracy of decision-making. In this paper, a simple-structured reservoir computing network (RC) is proposed based on Ga2O3 X-ray optical synaptic devices to recognize medical skeletal CT images with high accuracy. Through oxygen vacancy engineering, Ga2O3 X-ray optical synaptic devices with adjustable photocurrent gain and a persistent photoconductivity effect were obtained. By using the Ga2O3 X-ray optical synaptic device as a reservoir, we constructed an RC network for medical skeletal CT diagnosis and verified its image recognition capability using the MNIST data set with an accuracy of 78.08%. In the elbow skeletal CT image recognition task, the recognition rate is as high as 100%. This work constructs a simple-structured RC network for X-ray image recognition, which is of great significance in applications in medical fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Liu
- School of Microelectronics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Shunjie Yu
- School of Microelectronics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Zhongfang Zhang
- School of Microelectronics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Xiaohu Hou
- School of Microelectronics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Mengfan Ding
- School of Microelectronics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Xiaolong Zhao
- School of Microelectronics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Guangwei Xu
- School of Microelectronics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Xuanze Zhou
- School of Microelectronics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Shibing Long
- School of Microelectronics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
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