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Škop V, Liu N, Xiao C, Stinson E, Chen KY, Hall KD, Piaggi P, Gavrilova O, Reitman ML. Beyond day and night: The importance of ultradian rhythms in mouse physiology. Mol Metab 2024; 84:101946. [PMID: 38657735 PMCID: PMC11070603 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2024.101946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2024] [Revised: 04/11/2024] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Our circadian world shapes much of metabolic physiology. In mice ∼40% of the light and ∼80% of the dark phase time is characterized by bouts of increased energy expenditure (EE). These ultradian bouts have a higher body temperature (Tb) and thermal conductance and contain virtually all of the physical activity and awake time. Bout status is a better classifier of mouse physiology than photoperiod, with ultradian bouts superimposed on top of the circadian light/dark cycle. We suggest that the primary driver of ultradian bouts is a brain-initiated transition to a higher defended Tb of the active/awake state. Increased energy expenditure from brown adipose tissue, physical activity, and cardiac work combine to raise Tb from the lower defended Tb of the resting/sleeping state. Thus, unlike humans, much of mouse metabolic physiology is episodic with large ultradian increases in EE and Tb that correlate with the active/awake state and are poorly aligned with circadian cycling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vojtěch Škop
- Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Obesity Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; Centre for Experimental Medicine, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic; Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Chemistry and Technology, Prague, Czech Republic.
| | - Naili Liu
- Mouse Metabolism Core, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Cuiying Xiao
- Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Obesity Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Emma Stinson
- Phoenix Epidemiology and Clinical Research Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, NIH, Phoenix, AZ 85016, USA
| | - Kong Y Chen
- Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Obesity Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Kevin D Hall
- Laboratory of Biological Modeling, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Paolo Piaggi
- Phoenix Epidemiology and Clinical Research Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, NIH, Phoenix, AZ 85016, USA; Department of Information Engineering, University of Pisa, Pisa 56122, Italy
| | - Oksana Gavrilova
- Mouse Metabolism Core, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Marc L Reitman
- Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Obesity Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
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2
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Suppermpool A, Lyons DG, Broom E, Rihel J. Sleep pressure modulates single-neuron synapse number in zebrafish. Nature 2024; 629:639-645. [PMID: 38693264 PMCID: PMC11096099 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-024-07367-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024]
Abstract
Sleep is a nearly universal behaviour with unclear functions1. The synaptic homeostasis hypothesis proposes that sleep is required to renormalize the increases in synaptic number and strength that occur during wakefulness2. Some studies examining either large neuronal populations3 or small patches of dendrites4 have found evidence consistent with the synaptic homeostasis hypothesis, but whether sleep merely functions as a permissive state or actively promotes synaptic downregulation at the scale of whole neurons is unclear. Here, by repeatedly imaging all excitatory synapses on single neurons across sleep-wake states of zebrafish larvae, we show that synapses are gained during periods of wake (either spontaneous or forced) and lost during sleep in a neuron-subtype-dependent manner. However, synapse loss is greatest during sleep associated with high sleep pressure after prolonged wakefulness, and lowest in the latter half of an undisrupted night. Conversely, sleep induced pharmacologically during periods of low sleep pressure is insufficient to trigger synapse loss unless adenosine levels are boosted while noradrenergic tone is inhibited. We conclude that sleep-dependent synapse loss is regulated by sleep pressure at the level of the single neuron and that not all sleep periods are equally capable of fulfilling the functions of synaptic homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anya Suppermpool
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University College London, London, UK
- UCL Ear Institute, University College London, London, UK
| | - Declan G Lyons
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University College London, London, UK
| | - Elizabeth Broom
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University College London, London, UK
| | - Jason Rihel
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University College London, London, UK.
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3
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Pandi-Perumal SR, Saravanan KM, Paul S, Namasivayam GP, Chidambaram SB. Waking Up the Sleep Field: An Overview on the Implications of Genetics and Bioinformatics of Sleep. Mol Biotechnol 2024; 66:919-931. [PMID: 38198051 DOI: 10.1007/s12033-023-01009-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2024]
Abstract
Sleep genetics is an intriguing, as yet less understood, understudied, emerging area of biological and medical discipline. A generalist may not be aware of the current status of the field given the variety of journals that have published studies on the genetics of sleep and the circadian clock over the years. For researchers venturing into this fascinating area, this review thus includes fundamental features of circadian rhythm and genetic variables impacting sleep-wake cycles. Sleep/wake pathway medication exposure and susceptibility are influenced by genetic variations, and the responsiveness of sleep-related medicines is influenced by several functional polymorphisms. This review highlights the features of the circadian timing system and then a genetic perspective on wakefulness and sleep, as well as the relationship between sleep genetics and sleep disorders. Neurotransmission genes, as well as circadian and sleep/wake receptors, exhibit functional variability. Experiments on animals and humans have shown that these genetic variants impact clock systems, signaling pathways, nature, amount, duration, type, intensity, quality, and quantity of sleep. In this regard, the overview covers research on sleep genetics, the genomic properties of several popular model species used in sleep studies, homologs of mammalian genes, sleep disorders, and related genes. In addition, the study includes a brief discussion of sleep, narcolepsy, and restless legs syndrome from the viewpoint of a model organism. It is suggested that the understanding of genetic clues on sleep function and sleep disorders may, in future, result in an evidence-based, personalized treatment of sleep disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seithikurippu R Pandi-Perumal
- Centre for Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, Central Animal Facility, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysuru, Karnataka, 570015, India
- Saveetha Medical College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 602105, India
- Division of Research and Development, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, 144411, India
| | - Konda Mani Saravanan
- Department of Biotechnology, Bharath Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 600073, India
| | - Sayan Paul
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, The University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, TX, 77555, USA
| | - Ganesh Pandian Namasivayam
- Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (WPI-iCeMS), A210, Kyoto University Institute for Advanced Study, Yoshida Ushinomiya-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
| | - Saravana Babu Chidambaram
- Centre for Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, Central Animal Facility, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysuru, Karnataka, 570015, India.
- Department of Pharmacology, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysuru, Karnataka, 570015, India.
- Special Interest Group - Brain, Behaviour and Cognitive Neurosciences, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysuru, Karnataka, 570015, India.
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4
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Mortlock E, Silovský V, Güldenpfennig J, Faltusová M, Olejarz A, Börger L, Ježek M, Jennings DJ, Capellini I. Sleep in the wild: the importance of individual effects and environmental conditions on sleep behaviour in wild boar. Proc Biol Sci 2024; 291:20232115. [PMID: 38808449 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2023.2115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Sleep serves vital physiological functions, yet how sleep in wild animals is influenced by environmental conditions is poorly understood. Here we use high-resolution biologgers to investigate sleep in wild animals over ecologically relevant time scales and quantify variability between individuals under changing conditions. We developed a robust classification for accelerometer data and measured multiple dimensions of sleep in the wild boar (Sus scrofa) over an annual cycle. In support of the hypothesis that environmental conditions determine thermoregulatory challenges, which regulate sleep, we show that sleep quantity, efficiency and quality are reduced on warmer days, sleep is less fragmented in longer and more humid days, while greater snow cover and rainfall promote sleep quality. Importantly, this longest and most detailed analysis of sleep in wild animals to date reveals large inter- and intra-individual variation. Specifically, short-sleepers sleep up to 46% less than long-sleepers but do not compensate for their short sleep through greater plasticity or quality, suggesting they may pay higher costs of sleep deprivation. Given the major role of sleep in health, our results suggest that global warming and the associated increase in extreme climatic events are likely to negatively impact sleep, and consequently health, in wildlife, particularly in nocturnal animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Euan Mortlock
- School of Biological Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, 19 Chlorine Gardens, Belfast BT9 5DL, UK
| | - Václav Silovský
- Department of Game Management and Wildlife Biology, Faculty of Forestry and Wood Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences, Kamýcká 129, Prague 6-Suchdol 165 00, Czech Republic
| | - Justine Güldenpfennig
- Department of Game Management and Wildlife Biology, Faculty of Forestry and Wood Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences, Kamýcká 129, Prague 6-Suchdol 165 00, Czech Republic
| | - Monika Faltusová
- Department of Game Management and Wildlife Biology, Faculty of Forestry and Wood Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences, Kamýcká 129, Prague 6-Suchdol 165 00, Czech Republic
| | - Astrid Olejarz
- Department of Game Management and Wildlife Biology, Faculty of Forestry and Wood Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences, Kamýcká 129, Prague 6-Suchdol 165 00, Czech Republic
| | - Luca Börger
- Department of Biosciences, Swansea University, Singleton Park, Swansea SA2 8PP, UK
| | - Miloš Ježek
- Department of Game Management and Wildlife Biology, Faculty of Forestry and Wood Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences, Kamýcká 129, Prague 6-Suchdol 165 00, Czech Republic
| | - Dómhnall J Jennings
- School of Biological Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, 19 Chlorine Gardens, Belfast BT9 5DL, UK
| | - Isabella Capellini
- School of Biological Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, 19 Chlorine Gardens, Belfast BT9 5DL, UK
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5
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Nguyen AD, Costa PC, Raizen DM. A perfect storm: sleep loss causes systemic inflammation and death. Cell Res 2024; 34:341-342. [PMID: 38212509 PMCID: PMC11061133 DOI: 10.1038/s41422-023-00924-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Andrew D Nguyen
- Department of Neuroscience, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Chronobiology and Sleep Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Paula Carvalho Costa
- Department of Neuroscience, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Chronobiology and Sleep Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - David M Raizen
- Chronobiology and Sleep Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
- Department of Neurology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
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6
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Feng H, Qiao QC, Luo QF, Zhou JY, Lei F, Chen Y, Wen SY, Chen WH, Pang YJ, Hu ZA, Jiang YB, Zhang XY, Zhou TY, Zhang XY, Yang N, Zhang J, Hu R. Orexin Neurons to Sublaterodorsal Tegmental Nucleus Pathway Prevents Sleep Onset REM Sleep-Like Behavior by Relieving the REM Sleep Pressure. RESEARCH (WASHINGTON, D.C.) 2024; 7:0355. [PMID: 38694202 PMCID: PMC11062508 DOI: 10.34133/research.0355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/04/2024]
Abstract
Proper timing of vigilance states serves fundamental brain functions. Although disturbance of sleep onset rapid eye movement (SOREM) sleep is frequently reported after orexin deficiency, their causal relationship still remains elusive. Here, we further study a specific subgroup of orexin neurons with convergent projection to the REM sleep promoting sublaterodorsal tegmental nucleus (OXSLD neurons). Intriguingly, although OXSLD and other projection-labeled orexin neurons exhibit similar activity dynamics during REM sleep, only the activation level of OXSLD neurons exhibits a significant positive correlation with the post-inter-REM sleep interval duration, revealing an essential role for the orexin-sublaterodorsal tegmental nucleus (SLD) neural pathway in relieving REM sleep pressure. Monosynaptic tracing reveals that multiple inputs may help shape this REM sleep-related dynamics of OXSLD neurons. Genetic ablation further shows that the homeostatic architecture of sleep/wakefulness cycles, especially avoidance of SOREM sleep-like transition, is dependent on this activity. A positive correlation between the SOREM sleep occurrence probability and depression states of narcoleptic patients further demonstrates the possible significance of the orexin-SLD pathway on REM sleep homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Feng
- Department of Neurobiology,
Army Medical University, 400038 Chongqing, P.R. China
- Department of Neurosurgery and Key Laboratory of Neurotrauma, Southwest Hospital,
Army Medical University, 400038 Chongqing, P.R. China
| | - Qi-Cheng Qiao
- Department of Physiology,
Army Medical University, 400038 Chongqing, P.R. China
| | - Qi-Fa Luo
- Department of Physiology,
Army Medical University, 400038 Chongqing, P.R. China
| | - Jun-Ying Zhou
- Sleep Medicine Center, West China Hospital,
Sichuan University, 610000 Chengdu, Sichuan, P.R. China
| | - Fei Lei
- Sleep Medicine Center, West China Hospital,
Sichuan University, 610000 Chengdu, Sichuan, P.R. China
| | - Yao Chen
- Department of Physiology,
Army Medical University, 400038 Chongqing, P.R. China
| | - Si-Yi Wen
- Department of Physiology,
Army Medical University, 400038 Chongqing, P.R. China
| | - Wen-Hao Chen
- Department of Physiology,
Army Medical University, 400038 Chongqing, P.R. China
| | - Yu-Jie Pang
- Department of Physiology,
Army Medical University, 400038 Chongqing, P.R. China
| | - Zhi-An Hu
- Department of Physiology,
Army Medical University, 400038 Chongqing, P.R. China
| | - Yi-Bin Jiang
- Department of Neurosurgery and Key Laboratory of Neurotrauma, Southwest Hospital,
Army Medical University, 400038 Chongqing, P.R. China
| | - Xu-Yang Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery and Key Laboratory of Neurotrauma, Southwest Hospital,
Army Medical University, 400038 Chongqing, P.R. China
| | - Teng-Yuan Zhou
- Department of Neurosurgery and Key Laboratory of Neurotrauma, Southwest Hospital,
Army Medical University, 400038 Chongqing, P.R. China
| | - Xin-Yan Zhang
- Sleep Medicine Center, West China Hospital,
Sichuan University, 610000 Chengdu, Sichuan, P.R. China
| | - Nian Yang
- Department of Physiology,
Army Medical University, 400038 Chongqing, P.R. China
| | - Jun Zhang
- Department of Neurobiology,
Army Medical University, 400038 Chongqing, P.R. China
- Department of Physiology,
Army Medical University, 400038 Chongqing, P.R. China
| | - Rong Hu
- Department of Neurosurgery and Key Laboratory of Neurotrauma, Southwest Hospital,
Army Medical University, 400038 Chongqing, P.R. China
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7
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Mao X, Han D, Guo W, Zhang W, Wang H, Zhang G, Zhang N, Jin L, Nie B, Li H, Song Y, Wu Y, Chang L. Lateralized brunt of sleep deprivation on white matter injury in a rat model of Alzheimer's disease. GeroScience 2024; 46:2295-2315. [PMID: 37940789 PMCID: PMC10828179 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-023-01000-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Sleep disturbance is a recognized risk factor for Alzheimer's disease (AD), but the underlying micro-pathological evidence remains limited. To bridge this gap, we established an amyloid-β oligomers (AβO)-induced rat model of AD and subjected it to intermittent sleep deprivation (SD). Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and transmission electron microscopy were employed to assess white matter (WM) integrity and ultrastructural changes in myelin sheaths. Our findings demonstrated that SD exacerbated AβO-induced cognitive decline. Furthermore, we found SD aggravated AβO-induced asymmetrical impairments in WM, presenting with reductions in tract integrity observed in commissural fibers and association fasciculi, particularly the right anterior commissure, right corpus callosum, and left cingulum. Ultrastructural changes in myelin sheaths within the hippocampus and corpus callosum further confirmed a lateralized effect. Moreover, SD worsened AβO-induced lateralized disruption of the brain structural network, with impairments in critical nodes of the left hemisphere strongly correlated with cognitive dysfunction. This work represents the first identification of a lateralized impact of SD on the mesoscopic network and cognitive deficits in an AD rat model. These findings could deepen our understanding of the complex interplay between sleep disturbance and AD pathology, providing valuable insights into the early progression of the disease, as well as the development of neuroimaging biomarkers for screening early AD patients with self-reported sleep disturbances. Enhanced understanding of these mechanisms may pave the way for targeted interventions to alleviate cognitive decline and improve the quality of life for individuals at risk of or affected by AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Mao
- Department of Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Ding Han
- Department of Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Wensheng Guo
- Department of Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Wanning Zhang
- Department of Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Hongqi Wang
- Department of Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Guitao Zhang
- Department of Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Ning Zhang
- Department of Neuropsychiatry and Behavioral Neurology and Clinical Psychology, China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Liangyun Jin
- Electron Microscope Room of Central Laboratory, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Binbin Nie
- Beijing Engineering Research Center of Radiographic Techniques and Equipment, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Hui Li
- Department of Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yizhi Song
- Department of Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Wu
- Department of Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
| | - Lirong Chang
- Department of Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
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8
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Ren S, Zhang C, Yue F, Tang J, Zhang W, Zheng Y, Fang Y, Wang N, Song Z, Zhang Z, Zhang X, Qin H, Wang Y, Xia J, Jiang C, He C, Luo F, Hu Z. A midbrain GABAergic circuit constrains wakefulness in a mouse model of stress. Nat Commun 2024; 15:2722. [PMID: 38548744 PMCID: PMC10978901 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-46707-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Enhancement of wakefulness is a prerequisite for adaptive behaviors to cope with acute stress, but hyperarousal is associated with impaired behavioral performance. Although the neural circuitries promoting wakefulness in acute stress conditions have been extensively identified, less is known about the circuit mechanisms constraining wakefulness to prevent hyperarousal. Here, we found that chemogenetic or optogenetic activation of GAD2-positive GABAergic neurons in the midbrain dorsal raphe nucleus (DRNGAD2) decreased wakefulness, while inhibition or ablation of these neurons produced an increase in wakefulness along with hyperactivity. Surprisingly, DRNGAD2 neurons were paradoxically wakefulness-active and were further activated by acute stress. Bidirectional manipulations revealed that DRNGAD2 neurons constrained the increase of wakefulness and arousal level in a mouse model of stress. Circuit-specific investigations demonstrated that DRNGAD2 neurons constrained wakefulness via inhibition of the wakefulness-promoting paraventricular thalamus. Therefore, the present study identified a wakefulness-constraining role DRNGAD2 neurons in acute stress conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuancheng Ren
- Department of Physiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China.
- No. 953 Army Hospital, Shigatse, Tibet Autonomous Region, 857000, China.
| | - Cai Zhang
- Department of Physiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Faguo Yue
- Department of Physiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
- Sleep and Psychology Center, Bishan Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 402760, China
| | - Jinxiang Tang
- Sleep and Psychology Center, Bishan Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 402760, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Physiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Yue Zheng
- Department of Anesthesiology, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Yuanyuan Fang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Na Wang
- Department of Physiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
- College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China
| | - Zhenbo Song
- Department of Physiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Zehui Zhang
- Department of Physiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Xiaolong Zhang
- Department of Physiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Han Qin
- Chongqing Institute for Brain and Intelligence, Guangyang Bay Laboratory, Chongqing, 400064, China
| | - Yaling Wang
- Department of Physiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Jianxia Xia
- Department of Physiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Chenggang Jiang
- Psychology Department, Women and Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Health Center for Women and Children, Chongqing, 401147, China
| | - Chao He
- Department of Physiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China.
| | - Fenlan Luo
- Department of Physiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China.
| | - Zhian Hu
- Department of Physiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China.
- Chongqing Institute for Brain and Intelligence, Guangyang Bay Laboratory, Chongqing, 400064, China.
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9
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Zhao J, Ji Y, Zuo Y, Zhang L, Ku C, Wang W, Wang P, Yang Y, Kang Y, Wang F. Association of Oxidative Stress and Proinflammation with Insomnia in Perimenopause. J Womens Health (Larchmt) 2024; 33:379-387. [PMID: 38394165 DOI: 10.1089/jwh.2023.0316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: The levels of oxidative stress and proinflammatory factors in perimenopausal females increased, and they were also deeply troubled by insomnia. The occurrence of insomnia is related to the changes of oxidative stress and inflammation levels in the body. Perimenopausal insomnia may be related to mild systemic inflammation, and oxidative stress can promote chronic inflammation. However, the underlying mechanism behind the phenomenon is still unclear. Objective: The aim was to investigate whether the occurrence of perimenopausal insomnia disorder is related to higher levels of oxidative stress and inflammation in the body, and to explore the role of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) in perimenopausal insomnia. Methods: A total of 127 perimenopausal participants were recruited in this study. Participants with global scores of the Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI) >7 were diagnosed with insomnia (n = 54). The patient health questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) and generalized anxiety disorder-7 (GAD-7) were evaluated, and sociodemographic data were obtained. The serum concentrations of iNOS, interleukin 6 (IL6), and tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα) were measured using commercial assays. Results: In the insomnia group, IL6 levels were positively correlated with scores of component 5 and component 7 of PSQI, respectively. PHQ-9 and GAD-7 were positively correlated with the global score of PSQI component 7 and PSQI, respectively; PHQ-9 was positively correlated with the global score of PSQI component 1. Finally, PHQ-9, iNOS, and IL6 were found to be independent predictors of perimenopausal insomnia using logistic regression. Conclusions: Moderate oxidative stress caused by a certain concentration of iNOS plays a protective role in perimenopausal insomnia, while proinflammation and depression are potential risk factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhao
- Medical Neurobiology Lab, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Huhhot, China
- Department of Basic Medical Teaching and Research, Ordos Institute of Technology, Ordos, China
| | - Yubo Ji
- Department of Medical Psychology, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Huhhot, China
| | - Yanni Zuo
- Physical Examination Center, Beijing Changping Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Long Zhang
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Huhhot, China
| | - Congwen Ku
- Dongzhimen Hospital, the First Affiliated Hospital of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Wenyan Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Yantai University, Yantai, China
| | - Pengxiang Wang
- Medical Neurobiology Lab, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Huhhot, China
| | - Yan Yang
- Urumqi Fourth People's Hospital, Urumqi, China
| | - Yimin Kang
- Medical Neurobiology Lab, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Huhhot, China
| | - Fan Wang
- Beijing Hui-Long-Guan Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, China
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10
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Stolicyn A, Lyall LM, Lyall DM, Høier NK, Adams MJ, Shen X, Cole JH, McIntosh AM, Whalley HC, Smith DJ. Comprehensive assessment of sleep duration, insomnia, and brain structure within the UK Biobank cohort. Sleep 2024; 47:zsad274. [PMID: 37889226 PMCID: PMC10851840 DOI: 10.1093/sleep/zsad274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
STUDY OBJECTIVES To assess for associations between sleeping more than or less than recommended by the National Sleep Foundation (NSF), and self-reported insomnia, with brain structure. METHODS Data from the UK Biobank cohort were analyzed (N between 9K and 32K, dependent on availability, aged 44 to 82 years). Sleep measures included self-reported adherence to NSF guidelines on sleep duration (sleeping between 7 and 9 hours per night), and self-reported difficulty falling or staying asleep (insomnia). Brain structural measures included global and regional cortical or subcortical morphometry (thickness, surface area, volume), global and tract-related white matter microstructure, brain age gap (difference between chronological age and age estimated from brain scan), and total volume of white matter lesions. RESULTS Longer-than-recommended sleep duration was associated with lower overall grey and white matter volumes, lower global and regional cortical thickness and volume measures, higher brain age gap, higher volume of white matter lesions, higher mean diffusivity globally and in thalamic and association fibers, and lower volume of the hippocampus. Shorter-than-recommended sleep duration was related to higher global and cerebellar white matter volumes, lower global and regional cortical surface areas, and lower fractional anisotropy in projection fibers. Self-reported insomnia was associated with higher global gray and white matter volumes, and with higher volumes of the amygdala, hippocampus, and putamen. CONCLUSIONS Sleeping longer than recommended by the NSF is associated with a wide range of differences in brain structure, potentially indicative of poorer brain health. Sleeping less than recommended is distinctly associated with lower cortical surface areas. Future studies should assess the potential mechanisms of these differences and investigate long sleep duration as a putative marker of brain health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleks Stolicyn
- Division of Psychiatry, Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Laura M Lyall
- School of Health & Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Donald M Lyall
- School of Health & Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Nikolaj Kjær Høier
- Division of Psychiatry, Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Copenhagen Research Center for Mental Health CORE, Mental Health Center Copenhagen, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Mark J Adams
- Division of Psychiatry, Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Xueyi Shen
- Division of Psychiatry, Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - James H Cole
- Dementia Research Centre, Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK
- Centre for Medical Image Computing, Department of Computer Science, University College London, London, UK
| | - Andrew M McIntosh
- Division of Psychiatry, Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Heather C Whalley
- Division of Psychiatry, Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Daniel J Smith
- Division of Psychiatry, Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
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11
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Liu C, Zhang Q, Liu C, Liu T, Song M, Zhang Q, Xie H, Lin S, Ren J, Chen Y, Zheng X, Shi J, Deng L, Shi H, Wu S. Age Differences in the Association of Sleep Duration Trajectory With Cancer Risk and Cancer-Specific Mortality: Prospective Cohort Study. JMIR Public Health Surveill 2024; 10:e50836. [PMID: 38324354 PMCID: PMC10882471 DOI: 10.2196/50836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Revised: 10/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Baseline sleep duration is associated with cancer risk and cancer-specific mortality; however, the association between longitudinal patterns of sleep duration and these risks remains unknown. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to elucidate the association between sleep duration trajectory and cancer risk and cancer-specific mortality. METHODS The participants recruited in this study were from the Kailuan cohort, with all participants aged between 18 and 98 years and without cancer at baseline. The sleep duration of participants was continuously recorded in 2006, 2008, and 2010. Latent mixture modeling was used to identify shared sleep duration trajectories. Furthermore, the Cox proportional risk model was used to examine the association of sleep duration trajectory with cancer risk and cancer-specific mortality. RESULTS A total of 53,273 participants were included in the present study, of whom 40,909 (76.79%) were men and 12,364 (23.21%) were women. The average age of the participants was 49.03 (SD 11.76) years. During a median follow-up of 10.99 (IQR 10.27-11.15) years, 2705 participants developed cancers. Three sleep duration trajectories were identified: normal-stable (44,844/53,273, 84.18%), median-stable (5877/53,273, 11.03%), and decreasing low-stable (2552/53,273, 4.79%). Compared with the normal-stable group, the decreasing low-stable group had increased cancer risk (hazard ratio [HR] 1.39, 95% CI 1.16-1.65) and cancer-specific mortality (HR 1.54, 95% CI 1.18-2.06). Dividing the participants by an age cutoff of 45 years revealed an increase in cancer risk (HR 1.88, 95% CI 1.30-2.71) and cancer-specific mortality (HR 2.52, 95% CI 1.22-5.19) only in participants younger than 45 years, rather than middle-aged or older participants. Joint analysis revealed that compared with participants who had a stable sleep duration within the normal range and did not snore, those with a shortened sleep duration and snoring had the highest cancer risk (HR 2.62, 95% CI 1.46-4.70). CONCLUSIONS Sleep duration trajectories and quality are closely associated with cancer risk and cancer-specific mortality. However, these associations differ with age and are more pronounced in individuals aged <45 years. TRIAL REGISTRATION Chinese Clinical Trial Registry ChiCTR-TNRC-11001489; http://tinyurl.com/2u89hrhx.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenan Liu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery and Clinical Nutrition, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Beijing, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of of Cancer Food for Special Medical Purposes for State Market Regulation, Beijing, China
- Laboratory for Clinical Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Qingsong Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Kailuan General Hospital, Tangshan, China
| | - Chenning Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Dongguan Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Dongguan, China
| | - Tong Liu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery and Clinical Nutrition, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Beijing, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of of Cancer Food for Special Medical Purposes for State Market Regulation, Beijing, China
- Laboratory for Clinical Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Mengmeng Song
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Qi Zhang
- Department of Genetics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - Hailun Xie
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery and Clinical Nutrition, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Beijing, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of of Cancer Food for Special Medical Purposes for State Market Regulation, Beijing, China
- Laboratory for Clinical Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Shiqi Lin
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery and Clinical Nutrition, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Beijing, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of of Cancer Food for Special Medical Purposes for State Market Regulation, Beijing, China
- Laboratory for Clinical Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jiangshan Ren
- Department of Oncology, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Yue Chen
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery and Clinical Nutrition, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Beijing, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of of Cancer Food for Special Medical Purposes for State Market Regulation, Beijing, China
- Laboratory for Clinical Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xin Zheng
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery and Clinical Nutrition, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Beijing, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of of Cancer Food for Special Medical Purposes for State Market Regulation, Beijing, China
- Laboratory for Clinical Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jinyu Shi
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery and Clinical Nutrition, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Beijing, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of of Cancer Food for Special Medical Purposes for State Market Regulation, Beijing, China
- Laboratory for Clinical Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Li Deng
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of of Cancer Food for Special Medical Purposes for State Market Regulation, Beijing, China
- Laboratory for Clinical Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Hanping Shi
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery and Clinical Nutrition, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Beijing, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of of Cancer Food for Special Medical Purposes for State Market Regulation, Beijing, China
- Laboratory for Clinical Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Shouling Wu
- Department of Cardiology, Kailuan General Hospital, Tangshan, China
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12
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Aviles S, Subramanian S, Nelson MD. New alleles of nlp-2 , nlp-22 , and nlp-23 demonstrate that they are dispensable for stress-induced sleep in C. elegans. MICROPUBLICATION BIOLOGY 2024; 2024:10.17912/micropub.biology.001109. [PMID: 38371321 PMCID: PMC10870154 DOI: 10.17912/micropub.biology.001109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2023] [Revised: 01/20/2024] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Abstract
Sleep is ancient and genetically conserved across phylogeny. Neuropeptide signaling plays a fundamental role in the regulation of sleep for mammals, fish, and invertebrates like Caenorhabditis elegans . Developmentally timed-sleep and stress-induced sleep of C. elegans are controlled by distinct and overlapping neuropeptide pathways. The RPamide neuropeptides nlp-2 , nlp-22 , and nlp-23 , play antagonistic roles during the regulation of developmentally-timed sleep, however, their role in stress-induced sleep has not been explored. These genes are linked on the X chromosome, which has made genetic analyses challenging. Here we used CRISPR to generate new alleles of nlp-22 and nlp-23 , nlp-22 ; nlp-23 double mutants, and nlp-2 ; nlp-22 ; nlp-23 triple mutants. Confirming previous studies, we find that nlp-22 is required for developmentally-timed sleep, and show that nlp-23 is also required. However, all three genes are dispensable for stress-induced sleep.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sage Aviles
- Biology, Saint Joseph's University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States
| | - Sanjita Subramanian
- Biology, Saint Joseph's University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States
| | - Matthew D Nelson
- Biology, Saint Joseph's University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States
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13
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Ma L, Huo Y, Peng T, Liu Z, Ye J, Chen L, Wu D, Du W, Chen J. Assessing the journey of calcium supplementation: A mendelian randomization study on the causal link between calcium levels and sleep disorders. Clin Nutr ESPEN 2024; 59:1-8. [PMID: 38220361 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnesp.2023.10.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Revised: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIM Sleep disorder is a growing concern, and calcium supplementation is often recommended as a potential intervention for sleep disorders. However, the causal relationship between calcium levels and the incidence of sleep disorders remains unclear. Mendelian randomization techniques utilizing genetic variants that affect calcium levels, can provide valuable insights into causality. This study aims to examine the association between calcium levels and sleep disorders in a diverse population that includes both adolescents and adults, and investigate the effects of calcium levels on sleep disorders. METHODS Mendelian randomization analysis was conducted using data from UK Biobank and FinnGen datasets. The inverse-variance weighting (IVW) was selected as the primary method. In addition, traditional mediation analysis was performed on a subset of the NHANES data spanning from 2007 to 2018. RESULTS Our findings provide evidence supporting a causal relationship between calcium intake and reduced risk of sleep disorders (beta = -0.079, SE = 0.0395, P = 0.0457). While not reaching statistical significance, other MR methods such as weighted median and Mr-Egger exhibited similar directional trends. Analysis of the NHANES cohort revealed a negative association between calcium levels and the prevalence of sleep disorders in male, black, and physically active populations. However, this association was not observed in other demographic groups. CONCLUSION Our results suggested that there is no significant correlation between calcium levels and sleep disorder in non-exercise populations. This raises concerns about the long-term high-dose calcium supplementation in clinical practice, which requires further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Ma
- Department of Child Health Care, Shanghai Children's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yanyan Huo
- Department of Child Health Care, Shanghai Children's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ting Peng
- Department of Neonatology, National Children's Medical Center, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhongling Liu
- Department of Child Health Care, Shanghai Children's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiangfeng Ye
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology (IMCB), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A∗STAR), Singapore
| | - Lingyan Chen
- Department of Occupational Therapy Science, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Science, 1-7-1 Sakamoto, Nagasaki 852-8520, Japan
| | - Dan Wu
- Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Donders Center for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, 6525 GA Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Wenchong Du
- NTU Psychology, Nottingham Trent University, Burton Street, Nottingham, NG1 4BU, United Kingdom.
| | - Jinjin Chen
- Department of Child Health Care, Shanghai Children's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Children's Hospital Dipro Medical Research Center, China.
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14
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Flores CC, Pasetto NA, Wang H, Dimitrov A, Davis JF, Jiang Z, Davis CJ, Gerstner JR. Identification of sleep and circadian alternative polyadenylation sites associated with APA-linked human brain disorders. RESEARCH SQUARE 2024:rs.3.rs-3867797. [PMID: 38313253 PMCID: PMC10836116 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-3867797/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2024]
Abstract
Sleep and circadian rhythm disruptions are comorbid features of many pathologies and can negatively influence numerous health conditions, including degenerative diseases, metabolic illnesses, cancer, and various neurological disorders. Genetic association studies linking sleep and circadian disturbances with disease susceptibility have mainly focused on changes in gene expression due to mutations, such as single-nucleotide polymorphisms. Thus, associations between sleep and/or circadian rhythm and alternative polyadenylation (APA), particularly in the context of other health challenges, are largely undescribed. APA is a process that generates various transcript isoforms from the same gene, resulting in effects on mRNA translation, stability, localization, and subsequent function. Here, we have identified unique APAs in rat brain that exhibit time-of-day-dependent oscillations in expression as well as APAs that are altered by sleep deprivation and the subsequent recovery period. Genes affected by APA usage include Mapt/Tau, Ntrk2, Homer1A, Sin3band Sorl. Sorl1 has two APAs which cycle with a 24 h period, one additional APA cycles with a 12 h period and one more that is reduced during recovery sleep. Finally, we compared sleep- or circadian-associated APAs with recently described APA-linked brain disorder susceptibility genes and found 46 genes in common.
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15
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Sang D, Lin K, Yang Y, Ran G, Li B, Chen C, Li Q, Ma Y, Lu L, Cui XY, Liu Z, Lv SQ, Luo M, Liu Q, Li Y, Zhang EE. Prolonged sleep deprivation induces a cytokine-storm-like syndrome in mammals. Cell 2023; 186:5500-5516.e21. [PMID: 38016470 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2023.10.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2023] [Revised: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/30/2023]
Abstract
Most animals require sleep, and sleep loss induces serious pathophysiological consequences, including death. Previous experimental approaches for investigating sleep impacts in mice have been unable to persistently deprive animals of both rapid eye movement sleep (REMS) and non-rapid eye movement sleep (NREMS). Here, we report a "curling prevention by water" paradigm wherein mice remain awake 96% of the time. After 4 days of exposure, mice exhibit severe inflammation, and approximately 80% die. Sleep deprivation increases levels of prostaglandin D2 (PGD2) in the brain, and we found that elevated PGD2 efflux across the blood-brain-barrier-mediated by ATP-binding cassette subfamily C4 transporter-induces both accumulation of circulating neutrophils and a cytokine-storm-like syndrome. Experimental disruption of the PGD2/DP1 axis dramatically reduced sleep-deprivation-induced inflammation. Thus, our study reveals that sleep-related changes in PGD2 in the central nervous system drive profound pathological consequences in the peripheral immune system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Sang
- Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China; National Institute of Biological Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Keteng Lin
- National Institute of Biological Sciences, Beijing, China; College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Yini Yang
- Peking University School of Life Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Guangdi Ran
- National Institute of Biological Sciences, Beijing, China; Tsinghua Institute of Multidisciplinary Biomedical Research, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Bohan Li
- Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Beijing, China; Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Chen Chen
- National Institute of Biological Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Qi Li
- National Institute of Biological Sciences, Beijing, China; Tsinghua Institute of Multidisciplinary Biomedical Research, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Ma
- National Institute of Biological Sciences, Beijing, China; Tsinghua Institute of Multidisciplinary Biomedical Research, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Lihui Lu
- National Institute of Biological Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xi-Yang Cui
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Radiochemistry and Radiation Chemistry Key Laboratory of Fundamental Science College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhibo Liu
- Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Beijing, China; Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Radiochemistry and Radiation Chemistry Key Laboratory of Fundamental Science College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Sheng-Qing Lv
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xinqiao Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Minmin Luo
- National Institute of Biological Sciences, Beijing, China; School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China; Chinese Institute for Brain Research, Beijing, China
| | - Qinghua Liu
- National Institute of Biological Sciences, Beijing, China; Tsinghua Institute of Multidisciplinary Biomedical Research, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Yulong Li
- Peking University School of Life Sciences, Beijing, China; Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Beijing, China; State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Beijing, China; PKU-IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing, China
| | - Eric Erquan Zhang
- National Institute of Biological Sciences, Beijing, China; Tsinghua Institute of Multidisciplinary Biomedical Research, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.
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16
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Hashem MM, Abdalla AA, Mohamed AM, Mohamed LA, Shamaa HA, Ahmed GK. The relationship between alexithymia, emotion regulation, and sleep problems in school-aged children: A multicentric study. Sleep Med 2023; 112:39-45. [PMID: 37806034 DOI: 10.1016/j.sleep.2023.09.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Revised: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Alexithymia, mood dysregulation, and sleep quality have complicated effects on children's development. The current study aimed to investigate the relationship between alexithymia, emotion regulation, psychiatric problems, and sleep problems among Egyptian school-aged children. METHODS A total of 564 Egyptian children, aged 6 to 14, were divided into two groups based on their total Children's Sleep Habits Questionnaire abbreviated score: group 1 (N = 300) with sleep problems and group 2 (N = 264) with non-sleep problems. Their parents completed the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) and subjectively assessed the children's emotions using the Children's Alexithymia Measure (CAM) and the Clinical Evaluation of Emotional Regulation-9 (CEER-9). RESULTS Males were more proportional in the sleep problems group than others. The sleep problem group was significantly younger and had a longer daily sleep duration than the non-sleep problem group. Alexithymia and emotion dysregulation had the highest mean in the sleep problem group. Furthermore, alexithymia, emotion dysregulation, emotion difficulty, conduct, and prosocial problems were the most significant contributing factors and risk factors for sleep problems in children. CONCLUSION Sleep problems in children were associated with younger male children with lengthy daily sleep duration and emotional, behavioural, and prosocial difficulties. Furthermore, alexithymia and emotion dysregulation are significant contributors and risk factors for sleep problems in school-aged children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mustafa M Hashem
- Department of Neurology and Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt.
| | - Alaa A Abdalla
- Department of Neurology and Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
| | | | - Lobna A Mohamed
- Department of Neurology and Psychiatry, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Hala A Shamaa
- General Secretariat of Mental Health and Addiction Treatment, Demira Mental Health Hospital, Dakahlya Governorate, Egypt
| | - Gellan K Ahmed
- Department of Neurology and Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt; Department of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, King's College London, London, SE5 8AF, UK
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Keles MF, Sapci A, Brody C, Palmer I, Le C, Tastan O, Keles S, Wu MN. Deep Phenotyping of Sleep in Drosophila. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.10.30.564733. [PMID: 37961473 PMCID: PMC10635029 DOI: 10.1101/2023.10.30.564733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
Sleep is an evolutionarily conserved behavior, whose function is unknown. Here, we present a method for deep phenotyping of sleep in Drosophila, consisting of a high-resolution video imaging system, coupled with closed-loop laser perturbation to measure arousal threshold. To quantify sleep-associated microbehaviors, we trained a deep-learning network to annotate body parts in freely moving flies and developed a semi-supervised computational pipeline to classify behaviors. Quiescent flies exhibit a rich repertoire of microbehaviors, including proboscis pumping (PP) and haltere switches, which vary dynamically across the night. Using this system, we characterized the effects of optogenetically activating two putative sleep circuits. These data reveal that activating dFB neurons produces micromovements, inconsistent with sleep, while activating R5 neurons triggers PP followed by behavioral quiescence. Our findings suggest that sleep in Drosophila is polyphasic with different stages and set the stage for a rigorous analysis of sleep and other behaviors in this species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehmet F. Keles
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Ali Sapci
- Department of Computer Science, Sabanci University, Tuzla, Istanbul, 34956, Turkey
| | - Casey Brody
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Isabelle Palmer
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Christin Le
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Oznur Tastan
- Department of Computer Science, Sabanci University, Tuzla, Istanbul, 34956, Turkey
| | - Sunduz Keles
- Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Mark N. Wu
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
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18
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Koutsoumparis A, Busack I, Chen CK, Hayashi Y, Braeckman BP, Meierhofer D, Bringmann H. Reverse genetic screening during L1 arrest reveals a role of the diacylglycerol kinase 1 gene dgk-1 and sphingolipid metabolism genes in sleep regulation. Genetics 2023; 225:iyad124. [PMID: 37682641 DOI: 10.1093/genetics/iyad124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 07/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Sleep is a fundamental state of behavioral quiescence and physiological restoration. Sleep is controlled by environmental conditions, indicating a complex regulation of sleep by multiple processes. Our knowledge of the genes and mechanisms that control sleep during various conditions is, however, still incomplete. In Caenorhabditis elegans, sleep is increased when development is arrested upon starvation. Here, we performed a reverse genetic sleep screen in arrested L1 larvae for genes that are associated with metabolism. We found over 100 genes that are associated with a reduced sleep phenotype. Enrichment analysis revealed sphingolipid metabolism as a key pathway that controls sleep. A strong sleep loss was caused by the loss of function of the diacylglycerol kinase 1 gene, dgk-1, a negative regulator of synaptic transmission. Rescue experiments indicated that dgk-1 is required for sleep in cholinergic and tyraminergic neurons. The Ring Interneuron S (RIS) neuron is crucial for sleep in C. elegans and activates to induce sleep. RIS activation transients were abolished in dgk-1 mutant animals. Calcium transients were partially rescued by a reduction-of-function mutation of unc-13, suggesting that dgk-1 might be required for RIS activation by limiting synaptic vesicle release. dgk-1 mutant animals had impaired L1 arrest survival and dampened expression of the protective heat shock factor gene hsp-12.6. These data suggest that dgk-1 impairment causes broad physiological deficits. Microcalorimetry and metabolomic analyses of larvae with impaired RIS showed that RIS is broadly required for energy conservation and metabolic control, including for the presence of sphingolipids. Our data support the notion that metabolism broadly influences sleep and that sleep is associated with profound metabolic changes. We thus provide novel insights into the interplay of lipids and sleep and provide a rich resource of mutants and metabolic pathways for future sleep studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anastasios Koutsoumparis
- Chair of Cellular Circuits and Systems, Biotechnology Center (BIOTEC), Center for Molecular and Cellular Bioengineering (CMCB), Technische Universität Dresden, Am Tatzberg 47/49, Dresden, Saxony 01307, Germany
| | - Inka Busack
- Chair of Cellular Circuits and Systems, Biotechnology Center (BIOTEC), Center for Molecular and Cellular Bioengineering (CMCB), Technische Universität Dresden, Am Tatzberg 47/49, Dresden, Saxony 01307, Germany
| | - Chung-Kuan Chen
- International Institute for Integrative Sleep Medicine (WPI-IIIS), University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan
| | - Yu Hayashi
- International Institute for Integrative Sleep Medicine (WPI-IIIS), University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan
| | - Bart P Braeckman
- Laboratory of Aging Physiology and Molecular Evolution, Department of Biology, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - David Meierhofer
- Mass Spectrometry Facility, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Henrik Bringmann
- Chair of Cellular Circuits and Systems, Biotechnology Center (BIOTEC), Center for Molecular and Cellular Bioengineering (CMCB), Technische Universität Dresden, Am Tatzberg 47/49, Dresden, Saxony 01307, Germany
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19
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Esfahani MJ, Farboud S, Ngo HVV, Schneider J, Weber FD, Talamini LM, Dresler M. Closed-loop auditory stimulation of sleep slow oscillations: Basic principles and best practices. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2023; 153:105379. [PMID: 37660843 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2023.105379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Revised: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Abstract
Sleep is essential for our physical and mental well-being. During sleep, despite the paucity of overt behavior, our brain remains active and exhibits a wide range of coupled brain oscillations. In particular slow oscillations are characteristic for sleep, however whether they are directly involved in the functions of sleep, or are mere epiphenomena, is not yet fully understood. To disentangle the causality of these relationships, experiments utilizing techniques to detect and manipulate sleep oscillations in real-time are essential. In this review, we first overview the theoretical principles of closed-loop auditory stimulation (CLAS) as a method to study the role of slow oscillations in the functions of sleep. We then describe technical guidelines and best practices to perform CLAS and analyze results from such experiments. We further provide an overview of how CLAS has been used to investigate the causal role of slow oscillations in various sleep functions. We close by discussing important caveats, open questions, and potential topics for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Soha Farboud
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University, the Netherlands
| | - Hong-Viet V Ngo
- Department of Psychology, University of Essex, United Kingdom; Department of Psychology, University of Lübeck, Germany; Center for Brain, Behaviour and Metabolism, University of Lübeck, Germany
| | - Jules Schneider
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Germany; Department of Neurology, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Germany
| | - Frederik D Weber
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboudumc, the Netherlands; Department of Sleep and Cognition, Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, an institute of the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Lucia M Talamini
- Department of Psychology, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Amsterdam Brain and Cognition, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Martin Dresler
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboudumc, the Netherlands.
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20
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Mondino A, Ludwig C, Menchaca C, Russell K, Simon KE, Griffith E, Kis A, Lascelles BDX, Gruen ME, Olby NJ. Development and validation of a sleep questionnaire, SNoRE 3.0, to evaluate sleep in companion dogs. Sci Rep 2023; 13:13340. [PMID: 37587172 PMCID: PMC10432410 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-40048-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Disturbances in the sleep-wake cycle are a debilitating, yet rather common condition not only in humans, but also in family dogs. While there is an emerging need for easy-to-use tools to document sleep alterations (in order to ultimately treat and/or prevent them), the veterinary tools which yield objective data (e.g. polysomnography, activity monitors) are both labor intensive and expensive. In this study, we developed a modified version of a previously used sleep questionnaire (SNoRE) and determined criterion validity in companion dogs against polysomnography and physical activity monitors (PAMs). Since a negative correlation between sleep time and cognitive performance in senior dogs has been demonstrated, we evaluated the correlation between the SNoRE scores and the Canine Dementia Scale (CADES, which includes a factor concerning sleep). There was a significant correlation between SNoRE 3.0 questionnaire scores and polysomnography data (latency to NREM sleep, ρ = 0.507, p < 0.001) as well as PAMs' data (activity between 1:00 and 3:00 AM, p < 0.05). There was a moderate positive correlation between the SNoRE 3.0 scores and the CADES scores (ρ = 0.625, p < 0.001). Additionally, the questionnaire structure was validated by a confirmatory factor analysis, and it also showed an adequate test-retest reliability. In conclusion the present paper describes a valid and reliable questionnaire tool, that can be used as a cost-effective way to monitor dog sleep in clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Mondino
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27606, USA
| | - C Ludwig
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27606, USA
| | - C Menchaca
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27606, USA
| | - K Russell
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27606, USA
| | - K E Simon
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27606, USA
| | - E Griffith
- Department of Statistics, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27606, USA
| | - A Kis
- Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience and Psychology, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
| | - B D X Lascelles
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27606, USA
- Translational Research in Pain, Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27606, USA
| | - M E Gruen
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27606, USA
| | - N J Olby
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27606, USA.
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21
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Le E, McCarthy T, Honer M, Curtin CE, Fingerut J, Nelson MD. The neuropeptide receptor npr-38 regulates avoidance and stress-induced sleep in Caenorhabditis elegans. Curr Biol 2023; 33:3155-3168.e9. [PMID: 37419114 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2023.06.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2022] [Revised: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/09/2023]
Abstract
Although essential and conserved, sleep is not without its challenges that must be overcome; most notably, it renders animals vulnerable to threats in the environment. Infection and injury increase sleep demand, which dampens sensory responsiveness to stimuli, including those responsible for the initial insult. Stress-induced sleep in Caenorhabditis elegans occurs in response to cellular damage following noxious exposures the animals attempted to avoid. Here, we describe a G-protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) encoded by npr-38, which is required for stress-related responses including avoidance, sleep, and arousal. Overexpression of npr-38 shortens the avoidance phase and causes animals to initiate movement quiescence and arouse early. npr-38 functions in the ADL sensory neurons, which express neuropeptides encoded by nlp-50, also required for movement quiescence. npr-38 regulates arousal by acting on the DVA and RIS interneurons. Our work demonstrates that this single GPCR regulates multiple aspects of the stress response by functioning in sensory and sleep interneurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily Le
- Department of Biology, Saint Joseph's University, Philadelphia, PA 19131, USA
| | - Teagan McCarthy
- Department of Biology, Saint Joseph's University, Philadelphia, PA 19131, USA
| | - Madison Honer
- Department of Biology, Saint Joseph's University, Philadelphia, PA 19131, USA
| | - Caroline E Curtin
- Department of Biology, Saint Joseph's University, Philadelphia, PA 19131, USA
| | - Jonathan Fingerut
- Department of Biology, Saint Joseph's University, Philadelphia, PA 19131, USA
| | - Matthew D Nelson
- Department of Biology, Saint Joseph's University, Philadelphia, PA 19131, USA.
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22
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Hartmann C, Kempf A. Mitochondrial control of sleep. Curr Opin Neurobiol 2023; 81:102733. [PMID: 37390796 DOI: 10.1016/j.conb.2023.102733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2023] [Revised: 05/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 07/02/2023]
Abstract
The function of sleep remains one of biology's biggest mysteries. A solution to this problem is likely to come from a better understanding of sleep homeostasis, and in particular of the cellular and molecular processes that sense sleep need and settle sleep debt. Here, we highlight recent work in the fruit fly showing that changes in the mitochondrial redox state of sleep-promoting neurons lie at the heart of a homeostatic sleep-regulatory mechanism. Since the function of homeostatically controlled behaviours is often linked to the regulated variable itself, these findings corroborate with the hypothesis that sleep serves a metabolic function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Celina Hartmann
- Biozentrum, University of Basel, CH-4056, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Anissa Kempf
- Biozentrum, University of Basel, CH-4056, Basel, Switzerland.
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23
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Frank MG. Editorial: Recent advancements in sleep homeostasis. Front Neurosci 2023; 17:1231785. [PMID: 37383110 PMCID: PMC10296198 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1231785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/30/2023] Open
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24
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Wang W, Ige OO, Ding Y, He M, Long P, Wang S, Zhang Y, Wen X. Insights into the potential benefits of triphala polyphenols toward the promotion of resilience against stress-induced depression and cognitive impairment. Curr Res Food Sci 2023; 6:100527. [PMID: 37377497 PMCID: PMC10291000 DOI: 10.1016/j.crfs.2023.100527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2023] [Revised: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
In response to environmental challenges, stress is a common reaction, but dysregulation of the stress response can lead to neuropsychiatric disorders, including depression and cognitive impairment. Particularly, there is ample evidence that overexposure to mental stress can have lasting detrimental consequences for psychological health, cognitive function, and ultimately well-being. In fact, some individuals are resilient to the same stressor. A major benefit of enhancing stress resilience in at-risk groups is that it may help prevent the onset of stress-induced mental health problems. A potential therapeutic strategy for maintaining a healthy life is to address stress-induced health problems with botanicals or dietary supplements such as polyphenols. Triphala, also known as Zhe Busong decoction in Tibetan, is a well-recognized Ayurvedic polyherbal medicine comprising dried fruits from three different plant species. As a promising food-sourced phytotherapy, triphala polyphenols have been used throughout history to treat a variety of medical conditions, including brain health maintenance. Nevertheless, a comprehensive review is still lacking. Here, the primary objective of this review article is to provide an overview of the classification, safety, and pharmacokinetics of triphala polyphenols, as well as recommendations for the development of triphala polyphenols as a novel therapeutic strategy for promoting resilience in susceptible individuals. Additionally, we summarize recent advances demonstrating that triphala polyphenols are beneficial to cognitive and psychological resilience by regulating 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) receptors, gut microbiota, and antioxidant-related signaling pathways. Overall, scientific exploration of triphala polyphenols is warranted to understand their therapeutic efficacy. In addition to providing novel insights into the mechanisms of triphala polyphenols for promoting stress resilience, blood brain barrier (BBB) permeability and systemic bioavailability of triphala polyphenols also need to be improved by the research community. Moreover, well-designed clinical trials are needed to increase the scientific validity of triphala polyphenols' beneficial effects for preventing and treating cognitive impairment and psychological dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Ethnic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Olufola Oladoyin Ige
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria
| | - Yi Ding
- Department of Pharmacy, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Mengshan He
- The Academy of Chinese Health Risks, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Pan Long
- Department of Ophthalmology, The General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Chengdu, 610000, China
| | - Shaohui Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Ethnic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Ethnic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Xudong Wen
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Chengdu First People's Hospital, Chengdu, 610021, China
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25
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Yeganegi H, Ondracek JM. Multi-channel recordings reveal age-related differences in the sleep of juvenile and adult zebra finches. Sci Rep 2023; 13:8607. [PMID: 37244927 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-35160-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 05/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite their phylogenetic differences and distinct pallial structures, mammals and birds show similar electroencephalography (EEG) traces during sleep, consisting of distinct rapid eye movement (REM) sleep and slow wave sleep (SWS) stages. Studies in human and a limited number of other mammalian species show that this organization of sleep into interleaving stages undergoes radical changes during lifetime. Do these age-dependent variations in sleep patterns also occur in the avian brain? Does vocal learning have an effect on sleep patterns in birds? To answer these questions, we recorded multi-channel sleep EEG from juvenile and adult zebra finches for several nights. Whereas adults spent more time in SWS and REM sleep, juveniles spent more time in intermediate sleep (IS). The amount of IS was significantly larger in male juveniles engaged in vocal learning compared to female juveniles, which suggests that IS could be important for vocal learning. In addition, we observed that functional connectivity increased rapidly during maturation of young juveniles, and was stable or declined at older ages. Synchronous activity during sleep was larger for recording sites in the left hemisphere for both juveniles and adults, and generally intra-hemispheric synchrony was larger than inter-hemispheric synchrony during sleep. A graph theory analysis revealed that in adults, highly correlated EEG activity tended to be distributed across fewer networks that were spread across a wider area of the brain, whereas in juveniles, highly correlated EEG activity was distributed across more numerous, albeit smaller, networks in the brain. Overall, our results reveal that significant changes occur in the neural signatures of sleep during maturation in an avian brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamed Yeganegi
- Technical University of Munich, Liesel-Beckmann-Str. 4, 85354, Freising-Weihenstephan, Germany
- Graduate School of Systemic Neurosciences, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Großhaderner Str. 2, 82152, Planegg, Germany
| | - Janie M Ondracek
- Technical University of Munich, Liesel-Beckmann-Str. 4, 85354, Freising-Weihenstephan, Germany.
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26
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Liu H, Zhou R, Yin L, Si N, Yang C, Huang C, Wang R, Chen X. β-asarone prolongs sleep via regulating the level of glutamate in the PVN. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2023; 665:71-77. [PMID: 37149985 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2023.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2023] [Revised: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
People of all ages could suffer from sleep disorders, which are increasingly recognized as common manifestations of neurologic disease. Acorus tatarinowii is a herb that has been used in traditional medicine to promote sleep. β-asarone, as the main component of volatile oil obtained from Acorus tatarinowii, may be the main contributor to the sleeping-promoting efficacy of Acorus tatarinowii. In the study, adult male C57BL/6 mice were administered β-asarone at 12.5 mg/kg, 25 mg/kg, and 50 mg/kg. Behavioral experiments showed that β-asarone at 25 mg/kg could significantly improve sleep duration. It was also observed that the proportion of NREM (Non-Rapid Eye Movement) sleep increased considerably after administration of β-asarone. In the PVN (paraventricular nucleus of hypothalamus) region of the hypothalamus, it was observed that the glutamate content decreased after β-asarone treatment. At the same time, the expression of VGLUT2 (vesicular glutamate transporters 2) decreased while the expression of GAD65 (glutamic acid decarboxylase 65) and GABARAP (GABA Type A Receptor-Associated Protein) increased in the hypothalamus, suggesting that β-asarone may suppress arousal by reducing glutamate and promoting transformation of glutamate to the inhibitory neurotransmitter GABA (γ-aminobutyric acid). This study is the first to focus on the association between β-asarone and sleep, shedding perspectives for pharmacological applications of β-asarone and providing a new direction for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoyu Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Ruiqing Zhou
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009, China
| | - Lanxiang Yin
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Nana Si
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Chenglin Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Chengqing Huang
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009, China
| | - Rongrong Wang
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009, China
| | - Xiangtao Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China.
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27
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van Hasselt SJ, Epifani L, Zantinge D, Vitkute K, Kas MJH, Allocca G, Meerlo P. A Study on REM Sleep Homeostasis in the Day-Active Tree Shrew ( Tupaia belangeri): Cold-Induced Suppression of REM Sleep Is Not Followed by a Rebound. BIOLOGY 2023; 12:biology12040614. [PMID: 37106815 PMCID: PMC10136224 DOI: 10.3390/biology12040614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Revised: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/15/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023]
Abstract
The function and regulation of rapid-eye-movement (REM) sleep is a topic of ongoing debate. It is often assumed that REM sleep is a homeostatically regulated process and that a need for REM sleep builds up, either during prior wakefulness or during preceding slow wave sleep. In the current study, we tested this hypothesis in six diurnal tree shrews (Tupaia belangeri), small mammals closely related to primates. All animals were individually housed and kept under a 12:12 light-dark cycle with an ambient temperature of 24 °C. We recorded sleep and temperature in the tree shrews for 3 consecutive 24 h days. During the second night, we exposed the animals to a low ambient temperature of 4 °C, a procedure that is known to suppress REM sleep. Cold exposure caused a significant drop in brain temperature and body temperature and also resulted in a strong and selective suppression of REM sleep by 64.9%. However, contrary to our expectation, the loss of REM sleep was not recovered during the subsequent day and night. These findings in a diurnal mammal confirm that the expression of REM sleep is highly sensitive to environmental temperature but do not support the view that REM sleep is homeostatically regulated in this species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sjoerd J van Hasselt
- Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences, University of Groningen, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Luisa Epifani
- Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences, University of Groningen, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Danique Zantinge
- Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences, University of Groningen, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Kornelija Vitkute
- Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences, University of Groningen, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Martien J H Kas
- Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences, University of Groningen, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Giancarlo Allocca
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
- Somnivore Pty. Ltd., Bacchus Marsh, VIC 3340, Australia
| | - Peter Meerlo
- Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences, University of Groningen, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
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28
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Li Y, Li Y, Zhang X, Li Y, Liu Y, Xu H. CaMKIIa Neurons of the Ventromedial Hypothalamus Mediate Wakefulness and Anxiety-like Behavior. Neurochem Res 2023:10.1007/s11064-023-03925-9. [PMID: 37014492 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-023-03925-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Revised: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/25/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023]
Abstract
Insomnia and anxiety are two common and closely related clinical problems that pose a threat to individuals' physical and mental well-being. There is a possibility that some nuclei and neural circuits in the brain are shared by both insomnia and anxiety. In the present study, using a combination of chemogenetics, optogenetics, polysomnographic recordings and the classic tests of anxiety-like behaviors, we verified that the calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II alpha (CaMKIIa) neurons of the ventromedial hypothalamus (VMH) are involved in the regulation of both wakefulness and anxiety. Chemogenetic manipulation of the VMH CaMKIIa neurons elicited an apparent increase in wakefulness during activation, whereas inhibition decreased wakefulness mildly. It substantiated that the VMH CaMKIIa neurons contribute to wakefulness. Then in millisecond-scale control of neuronal activity, short-term and long-term optogenetic activation induced the initiation and maintenance of wakefulness, respectively. We also observed that mice reduced exploratory behaviors in classic anxiety tests while activating the VMH CaMKIIa neurons and were anxiolytic while inhibiting. Additionally, photostimulation of the VMH CaMKIIa axons in the paraventricular hypothalamus (PVH) mediated wakefulness and triggered anxiety-like behaviors as well. In conclusion, our results demonstrate that the VMH participates in the control of wakefulness and anxiety, and offer a neurological explanation for insomnia and anxiety, which may be valuable for therapeutic interventions such as medication and transcranial magnetic stimulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yidan Li
- Department of Radiology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuchang District, Wuhan City, Hubei Province, 430071, China
| | - Yue Li
- Department of Radiology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuchang District, Wuhan City, Hubei Province, 430071, China
| | - Xuefen Zhang
- Department of Radiology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuchang District, Wuhan City, Hubei Province, 430071, China
| | - Ying Li
- Department of Radiology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuchang District, Wuhan City, Hubei Province, 430071, China
| | - Yanchao Liu
- Department of Radiology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuchang District, Wuhan City, Hubei Province, 430071, China
| | - Haibo Xu
- Department of Radiology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuchang District, Wuhan City, Hubei Province, 430071, China.
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29
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Busack I, Bringmann H. A sleep-active neuron can promote survival while sleep behavior is disturbed. PLoS Genet 2023; 19:e1010665. [PMID: 36917595 PMCID: PMC10038310 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1010665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Revised: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Sleep is controlled by neurons that induce behavioral quiescence and physiological restoration. It is not known, however, how sleep neurons link sleep behavior and survival. In Caenorhabditis elegans, the sleep-active RIS neuron induces sleep behavior and is required for survival of starvation and wounding. Sleep-active neurons such as RIS might hypothetically promote survival primarily by causing sleep behavior and associated conservation of energy. Alternatively, RIS might provide a survival benefit that does not depend on behavioral sleep. To probe these hypotheses, we tested how activity of the sleep-active RIS neuron in Caenorhabditis elegans controls sleep behavior and survival during larval starvation. To manipulate the activity of RIS, we expressed constitutively active potassium channel (twk-18gf and egl-23gf) or sodium channel (unc-58gf) mutant alleles in this neuron. Low levels of unc-58gf expression in RIS increased RIS calcium transients and sleep. High levels of unc-58gf expression in RIS elevated baseline calcium activity and inhibited calcium activation transients, thus locking RIS activity at a high but constant level. This manipulation caused a nearly complete loss of sleep behavior but increased survival. Long-term optogenetic activation also caused constantly elevated RIS activity and a small trend towards increased survival. Disturbing sleep by lethal blue-light stimulation also overactivated RIS, which again increased survival. FLP-11 neuropeptides were important for both, induction of sleep behavior and starvation survival, suggesting that FLP-11 might have divergent roles downstream of RIS. These results indicate that promotion of sleep behavior and survival are separable functions of RIS. These two functions may normally be coupled but can be uncoupled during conditions of strong RIS activation or when sleep behavior is impaired. Through this uncoupling, RIS can provide survival benefits under conditions when behavioral sleep is disturbed. Promoting survival in the face of impaired sleep might be a general function of sleep neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inka Busack
- BIOTEC, Technical University Dresden, Dresden, Germany
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30
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Royzenblat S, Kulacic J, Friedrich M. Evidence of ancestral nocturnality, locomotor clock regression, and cave zone-adjusted sleep duration modes in a cave beetle. SUBTERRANEAN BIOLOGY 2023. [DOI: 10.3897/subtbiol.45.100717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
The small carrion beetle Ptomaphagus hirtus is an abundant inhabitant of the exceptionally biodiverse Mammoth Cave system. Previous studies revealed negative phototaxis and the expression of biological clock genes in this microphthalmic cave beetle. Here we present results from probing P. hirtus for the entrainment of locomotor rhythms using the TriKinetics activity monitor setup. Although curtailed by low adjustment frequency of animals to the test environment, the data obtained from successfully monitoring two animals in constant darkness (DD) and six animals exposed to 12 hour light-dark cycles (LD) revealed a strong effect of light on locomotor activity in P. hirtus. In LD, activity was prevalent during the artificial night phases while close to absent during the presumptive day phases, suggesting conserved nocturnality. Upon transitioning LD animals to constant darkness, none displayed detectable evidence of free-running activity rhythms, suggesting complete regression of the central circadian clock. Equally notable, overall locomotor activity of the two DD-monitored animals was about three-fold lower compared to LD animals due to longer rest durations in the former. We, therefore, propose the existence of cave zone-specific energy expenditure modes that are mediated through light schedule responsive modification of sleep duration in P. hirtus.
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31
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Wu C, Li W, Cen D, Zhou Q. Is insufficient sleep duration a risk indicator for periodontal disease? A systematic review. Int J Dent Hyg 2023; 21:18-27. [PMID: 36385732 DOI: 10.1111/idh.12633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2021] [Revised: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES In this study, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to assess whether people who achieved <7 h of sleep were more likely to develop periodontal disease (PD). SOURCES We executed electronic searches in the PubMed, EMBASE and Cochrane Library, as well as a manual search of articles published by leading journals in related fields, for observational studies, published in English from 1 January 1966 to 31 March 2021.which evaluated the relationship between sleep duration and PD. The Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ) quality evaluation scale was used for the cross-sectional studies, and the random effects model was used to summarize the effect sizes in the included studies with a 95% confidence interval (CI). RESULTS A total of six cross-sectional studies met the inclusion criteria, totaling 107,777 participants, of which 69,773 had PD. The results of the present indicated that shorter sleep duration (<7 h) is significantly associated with PD (Odd ratio [OR], 1.19; 95% CI, 1.16-1.23; p < 0.001; I2 , 0.0%, I2 interval, 0%-75%). The strength of the sensitivity analysis and cumulative meta-analysis confirmed the reliability of the results. CONCLUSION Although the inclusion of only six studies makes it difficult to explore whether there is a publication bias, we found that insufficient sleep duration was closely related to PD, and we therefore speculated that getting enough sleep may help prevent PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuanbin Wu
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Weiqi Li
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Shenyang, China.,Liaoning Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Shenyang, China
| | - Dongdong Cen
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Qing Zhou
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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Li Y, Haynes P, Zhang SL, Yue Z, Sehgal A. Ecdysone acts through cortex glia to regulate sleep in Drosophila. eLife 2023; 12:e81723. [PMID: 36719183 PMCID: PMC9928426 DOI: 10.7554/elife.81723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Steroid hormones are attractive candidates for transmitting long-range signals to affect behavior. These lipid-soluble molecules derived from dietary cholesterol easily penetrate the brain and act through nuclear hormone receptors (NHRs) that function as transcription factors. To determine the extent to which NHRs affect sleep:wake cycles, we knocked down each of the 18 highly conserved NHRs found in Drosophila adults and report that the ecdysone receptor (EcR) and its direct downstream NHR Eip75B (E75) act in glia to regulate the rhythm and amount of sleep. Given that ecdysone synthesis genes have little to no expression in the fly brain, ecdysone appears to act as a long-distance signal and our data suggest that it enters the brain more at night. Anti-EcR staining localizes to the cortex glia in the brain and functional screening of glial subtypes revealed that EcR functions in adult cortex glia to affect sleep. Cortex glia are implicated in lipid metabolism, which appears to be relevant for actions of ecdysone as ecdysone treatment mobilizes lipid droplets (LDs), and knockdown of glial EcR results in more LDs. In addition, sleep-promoting effects of exogenous ecdysone are diminished in lsd-2 mutant flies, which are lean and deficient in lipid accumulation. We propose that ecdysone is a systemic secreted factor that modulates sleep by stimulating lipid metabolism in cortex glia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongjun Li
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Chronobiology and Sleep Institute, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaUnited States
- Department of Biology, University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaUnited States
| | - Paula Haynes
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Chronobiology and Sleep Institute, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaUnited States
- Department of Pharmacology, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaUnited States
| | - Shirley L Zhang
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Chronobiology and Sleep Institute, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaUnited States
| | - Zhifeng Yue
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Chronobiology and Sleep Institute, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaUnited States
| | - Amita Sehgal
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Chronobiology and Sleep Institute, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaUnited States
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Guo R, Vaughan DT, Rojo ALA, Huang YH. Sleep-mediated regulation of reward circuits: implications in substance use disorders. Neuropsychopharmacology 2023; 48:61-78. [PMID: 35710601 PMCID: PMC9700806 DOI: 10.1038/s41386-022-01356-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Revised: 05/22/2022] [Accepted: 05/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Our modern society suffers from both pervasive sleep loss and substance abuse-what may be the indications for sleep on substance use disorders (SUDs), and could sleep contribute to the individual variations in SUDs? Decades of research in sleep as well as in motivated behaviors have laid the foundation for us to begin to answer these questions. This review is intended to critically summarize the circuit, cellular, and molecular mechanisms by which sleep influences reward function, and to reveal critical challenges for future studies. The review also suggests that improving sleep quality may serve as complementary therapeutics for treating SUDs, and that formulating sleep metrics may be useful for predicting individual susceptibility to SUDs and other reward-associated psychiatric diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Guo
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15219, USA
- Allen Institute, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA
| | - Dylan Thomas Vaughan
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15219, USA
- The Center for Neuroscience at the University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Ana Lourdes Almeida Rojo
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15219, USA
- The Center for Neuroscience at the University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Yanhua H Huang
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15219, USA.
- The Center for Neuroscience at the University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
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34
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Lee H, Lim C. Circadian gating of light-induced arousal in Drosophila sleep. J Neurogenet 2022:1-11. [DOI: 10.1080/01677063.2022.2151596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hoyeon Lee
- Department of Biological Sciences, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Chunghun Lim
- Department of Biological Sciences, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan, Republic of Korea
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35
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Matei M, Bergel A, Pezet S, Tanter M. Global dissociation of the posterior amygdala from the rest of the brain during REM sleep. Commun Biol 2022; 5:1306. [PMID: 36443640 PMCID: PMC9705305 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-022-04257-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Rapid-eye-movement sleep (REMS) or paradoxical sleep is associated with intense neuronal activity, fluctuations in autonomic control, body paralysis and brain-wide hyperemia. The mechanisms and functions of these energy-demanding patterns remain elusive and a global picture of brain activation during REMS is currently missing. In the present work, we performed functional ultrasound imaging on rats over multiple coronal and sagittal brain sections during hundreds of spontaneous REMS episodes to provide the spatiotemporal dynamics of vascular activity in 259 brain regions spanning more than 2/3 of the total brain volume. We first demonstrate a dissociation between basal/midbrain and cortical structures, the first ones sustaining tonic activation during REMS while the others are activated in phasic bouts. Second, we isolated the vascular compartment in our recordings and identified arteries in the anterior part of the brain as strongly involved in the blood supply during REMS episodes. Finally, we report a peculiar activation pattern in the posterior amygdala, which is strikingly disconnected from the rest of the brain during most REMS episodes. This last finding suggests that the amygdala undergoes specific processing during REMS and may be linked to the regulation of emotions and the creation of dream content during this very state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Matei
- grid.15736.360000 0001 1882 0021Physics for Medicine Paris, Inserm U1273, ESPCI Paris, CNRS UMR 8063, Paris Sciences et Lettres research University, Paris, France
| | - Antoine Bergel
- grid.15736.360000 0001 1882 0021Physics for Medicine Paris, Inserm U1273, ESPCI Paris, CNRS UMR 8063, Paris Sciences et Lettres research University, Paris, France
| | - Sophie Pezet
- grid.15736.360000 0001 1882 0021Physics for Medicine Paris, Inserm U1273, ESPCI Paris, CNRS UMR 8063, Paris Sciences et Lettres research University, Paris, France
| | - Mickaël Tanter
- grid.15736.360000 0001 1882 0021Physics for Medicine Paris, Inserm U1273, ESPCI Paris, CNRS UMR 8063, Paris Sciences et Lettres research University, Paris, France
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36
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Buchanan IM, Smith TM, Gerber AP, Seibt J. Are there roles for heterogeneous ribosomes during sleep in the rodent brain? Front Mol Biosci 2022; 9:1008921. [PMID: 36275625 PMCID: PMC9582285 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2022.1008921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The regulation of mRNA translation plays an essential role in neurons, contributing to important brain functions, such as brain plasticity and memory formation. Translation is conducted by ribosomes, which at their core consist of ribosomal proteins (RPs) and ribosomal RNAs. While translation can be regulated at diverse levels through global or mRNA-specific means, recent evidence suggests that ribosomes with distinct configurations are involved in the translation of different subsets of mRNAs. However, whether and how such proclaimed ribosome heterogeneity could be connected to neuronal functions remains largely unresolved. Here, we postulate that the existence of heterologous ribosomes within neurons, especially at discrete synapses, subserve brain plasticity. This hypothesis is supported by recent studies in rodents showing that heterogeneous RP expression occurs in dendrites, the compartment of neurons where synapses are made. We further propose that sleep, which is fundamental for brain plasticity and memory formation, has a particular role in the formation of heterologous ribosomes, specialised in the translation of mRNAs specific for synaptic plasticity. This aspect of our hypothesis is supported by recent studies showing increased translation and changes in RP expression during sleep after learning. Thus, certain RPs are regulated by sleep, and could support different sleep functions, in particular brain plasticity. Future experiments investigating cell-specific heterogeneity in RPs across the sleep-wake cycle and in response to different behaviour would help address this question.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isla M. Buchanan
- Integrated Master Programme in Biochemistry, University of Surrey, Guildford, United Kingdom
| | - Trevor M. Smith
- Department of Microbial Sciences, School of Biosciences and Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, United Kingdom
- Surrey Sleep Research Centre, University of Surrey, Guildford, United Kingdom
| | - André P. Gerber
- Department of Microbial Sciences, School of Biosciences and Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, United Kingdom
- *Correspondence: André P. Gerber, ; Julie Seibt,
| | - Julie Seibt
- Surrey Sleep Research Centre, University of Surrey, Guildford, United Kingdom
- *Correspondence: André P. Gerber, ; Julie Seibt,
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37
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Gaidica M, Dantzer B. An implantable neurophysiology platform: Broadening research capabilities in free-living and non-traditional animals. Front Neural Circuits 2022; 16:940989. [PMID: 36213207 PMCID: PMC9537467 DOI: 10.3389/fncir.2022.940989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Animal-borne sensors that can record and transmit data (“biologgers”) are becoming smaller and more capable at a rapid pace. Biologgers have provided enormous insight into the covert lives of many free-ranging animals by characterizing behavioral motifs, estimating energy expenditure, and tracking movement over vast distances, thereby serving both scientific and conservational endpoints. However, given that biologgers are usually attached externally, access to the brain and neurophysiological data has been largely unexplored outside of the laboratory, limiting our understanding of how the brain adapts to, interacts with, or addresses challenges of the natural world. For example, there are only a handful of studies in free-living animals examining the role of sleep, resulting in a wake-centric view of behavior despite the fact that sleep often encompasses a large portion of an animal’s day and plays a vital role in maintaining homeostasis. The growing need to understand sleep from a mechanistic viewpoint and probe its function led us to design an implantable neurophysiology platform that can record brain activity and inertial data, while utilizing a wireless link to enable a suite of forward-looking capabilities. Here, we describe our design approach and demonstrate our device’s capability in a standard laboratory rat as well as a captive fox squirrel. We also discuss the methodological and ethical implications of deploying this new class of device “into the wild” to fill outstanding knowledge gaps.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matt Gaidica
- Department of Psychology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
- *Correspondence: Matt Gaidica,
| | - Ben Dantzer
- Department of Psychology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
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38
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Kaźmierczak M, Nicola SM. The Arousal-motor Hypothesis of Dopamine Function: Evidence that Dopamine Facilitates Reward Seeking in Part by Maintaining Arousal. Neuroscience 2022; 499:64-103. [PMID: 35853563 PMCID: PMC9479757 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2022.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Revised: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
Dopamine facilitates approach to reward via its actions on dopamine receptors in the nucleus accumbens. For example, blocking either D1 or D2 dopamine receptors in the accumbens reduces the proportion of reward-predictive cues to which rats respond with cued approach. Recent evidence indicates that accumbens dopamine also promotes wakefulness and arousal, but the relationship between dopamine's roles in arousal and reward seeking remains unexplored. Here, we show that the ability of systemic or intra-accumbens injections of the D1 antagonist SCH23390 to reduce cued approach to reward depends on the animal's state of arousal. Handling the animal, a manipulation known to increase arousal, was sufficient to reverse the behavioral effects of the antagonist. In addition, SCH23390 reduced spontaneous locomotion and increased time spent in sleep postures, both consistent with reduced arousal, but also increased time spent immobile in postures inconsistent with sleep. In contrast, the ability of the D2 antagonist haloperidol to reduce cued approach was not reversible by handling. Haloperidol reduced spontaneous locomotion but did not increase sleep postures, instead increasing immobility in non-sleep postures. We place these results in the context of the extensive literature on dopamine's contributions to behavior, and propose the arousal-motor hypothesis. This novel synthesis, which proposes that two main functions of dopamine are to promote arousal and facilitate motor behavior, accounts both for our findings and many previous behavioral observations that have led to disparate and conflicting conclusions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcin Kaźmierczak
- Departments of Neuroscience and Psychiatry, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 1300 Morris Park Ave, Forchheimer 111, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | - Saleem M Nicola
- Departments of Neuroscience and Psychiatry, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 1300 Morris Park Ave, Forchheimer 111, Bronx, NY 10461, USA.
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39
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Lasconi C, Pahl MC, Pippin JA, Su C, Johnson ME, Chesi A, Boehm K, Manduchi E, Ou K, Golson ML, Wells AD, Kaestner KH, Grant SFA. Variant-to-gene-mapping analyses reveal a role for pancreatic islet cells in conferring genetic susceptibility to sleep-related traits. Sleep 2022; 45:zsac109. [PMID: 35537191 PMCID: PMC9366645 DOI: 10.1093/sleep/zsac109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Revised: 04/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
We investigated the potential role of sleep-trait associated genetic loci in conferring a degree of their effect via pancreatic α- and β-cells, given that both sleep disturbances and metabolic disorders, including type 2 diabetes and obesity, involve polygenic contributions and complex interactions. We determined genetic commonalities between sleep and metabolic disorders, conducting linkage disequilibrium genetic correlation analyses with publicly available GWAS summary statistics. Then we investigated possible enrichment of sleep-trait associated SNPs in promoter-interacting open chromatin regions within α- and β-cells, intersecting public GWAS reports with our own ATAC-seq and high-resolution promoter-focused Capture C data generated from both sorted human α-cells and an established human beta-cell line (EndoC-βH1). Finally, we identified putative effector genes physically interacting with sleep-trait associated variants in α- and EndoC-βH1cells running variant-to-gene mapping and establish pathways in which these genes are significantly involved. We observed that insomnia, short and long sleep-but not morningness-were significantly correlated with type 2 diabetes, obesity and other metabolic traits. Both the EndoC-βH1 and α-cells were enriched for insomnia loci (p = .01; p = .0076), short sleep loci (p = .017; p = .022) and morningness loci (p = 2.2 × 10-7; p = .0016), while the α-cells were also enriched for long sleep loci (p = .034). Utilizing our promoter contact data, we identified 63 putative effector genes in EndoC-βH1 and 76 putative effector genes in α-cells, with these genes showing significant enrichment for organonitrogen and organophosphate biosynthesis, phosphatidylinositol and phosphorylation, intracellular transport and signaling, stress responses and cell differentiation. Our data suggest that a subset of sleep-related loci confer their effects via cells in pancreatic islets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Lasconi
- Center for Spatial and Functional Genomics, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Matthew C Pahl
- Center for Spatial and Functional Genomics, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - James A Pippin
- Center for Spatial and Functional Genomics, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Chun Su
- Center for Spatial and Functional Genomics, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Matthew E Johnson
- Center for Spatial and Functional Genomics, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Alessandra Chesi
- Center for Spatial and Functional Genomics, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Keith Boehm
- Center for Spatial and Functional Genomics, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Elisabetta Manduchi
- Institute for Biomedical Informatics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA,USA
| | - Kristy Ou
- Department of Genetics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Institute for Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Maria L Golson
- Department of Genetics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Institute for Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Andrew D Wells
- Center for Spatial and Functional Genomics, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Klaus H Kaestner
- Department of Genetics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Institute for Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Struan F A Grant
- Center for Spatial and Functional Genomics, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Department of Genetics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Institute for Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, The University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Division of Human Genetics, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
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40
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Bian WJ, Brewer CL, Kauer JA, de Lecea L. Adolescent sleep shapes social novelty preference in mice. Nat Neurosci 2022; 25:912-923. [PMID: 35618950 PMCID: PMC9283223 DOI: 10.1038/s41593-022-01076-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2021] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Sleep disturbances frequently occur in neurodevelopmental disorders such as autism, but the developmental role of sleep is largely unexplored, and a causal relationship between developmental sleep defects and behavioral consequences in adulthood remains elusive. Here, we show that in mice, sleep disruption (SD) in adolescence, but not in adulthood, causes long-lasting impairment in social novelty preference. Furthermore, adolescent SD alters the activation and release patterns of dopaminergic neurons in the ventral tegmental area (VTA) in response to social novelty. This developmental sleep function is mediated by balanced VTA activity during adolescence; chemogenetic excitation mimics, whereas silencing rescues, the social deficits of adolescent SD. Finally, we show that in Shank3-mutant mice, improving sleep or rectifying VTA activity during adolescence ameliorates adult social deficits. Together, our results identify a critical role of sleep and dopaminergic activity in the development of social interaction behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Jie Bian
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
- Wu Tsai Neurosciences Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
| | - Chelsie L Brewer
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Wu Tsai Neurosciences Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Julie A Kauer
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Wu Tsai Neurosciences Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Luis de Lecea
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
- Wu Tsai Neurosciences Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
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41
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Smeltzer EA, Stead SM, Li MF, Samson D, Kumpan LT, Teichroeb JA. Social sleepers: The effects of social status on sleep in terrestrial mammals. Horm Behav 2022; 143:105181. [PMID: 35594742 DOI: 10.1016/j.yhbeh.2022.105181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Revised: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Social status among group-living mammals can impact access to resources, such as water, food, social support, and mating opportunities, and this differential access to resources can have fitness consequences. Here, we propose that an animal's social status impacts their access to sleep opportunities, as social status may predict when an animal sleeps, where they sleep, who they sleep with, and how well they sleep. Our review of terrestrial mammals examines how sleep architecture and intensity may be impacted by (1) sleeping conditions and (2) the social experience during wakefulness. Sleeping positions vary in thermoregulatory properties, protection from predators, and exposure to parasites. Thus, if dominant individuals have priority of access to sleeping positions, they may benefit from higher quality sleeping conditions and, in turn, better sleep. With respect to waking experiences, we discuss the impacts of stress on sleep, as it has been established that specific social statuses can be characterized by stress-related physiological profiles. While much research has focused on how dominance hierarchies impact access to resources like food and mating opportunities, differential access to sleep opportunities among mammals has been largely ignored despite its potential fitness consequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- E A Smeltzer
- Department of Anthropology, University of Toronto Scarborough, 1265 Military Trail, Scarborough, Ontario M1C 1A4, Canada
| | - S M Stead
- Department of Anthropology, University of Toronto Scarborough, 1265 Military Trail, Scarborough, Ontario M1C 1A4, Canada.
| | - M F Li
- Department of Anthropology, University of Toronto, 19 Russell St., Toronto, Ontario M5S 2S2, Canada
| | - D Samson
- Department of Anthropology, University of Toronto Mississauga, 3359 Mississauga Rd., Mississauga, Ontario L5L 1C6, Canada
| | - L T Kumpan
- Department of Anthropology, University of Toronto Scarborough, 1265 Military Trail, Scarborough, Ontario M1C 1A4, Canada
| | - J A Teichroeb
- Department of Anthropology, University of Toronto Scarborough, 1265 Military Trail, Scarborough, Ontario M1C 1A4, Canada
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42
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Murillo-Rodríguez E, Coronado-Álvarez A, López-Muciño LA, Pastrana-Trejo JC, Viana-Torre G, Barberena JJ, Soriano-Nava DM, García-García F. Neurobiology of dream activity and effects of stimulants on dreams. Curr Top Med Chem 2022; 22:1280-1295. [PMID: 35761491 DOI: 10.2174/1568026622666220627162032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2021] [Revised: 03/18/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The sleep-wake cycle is the result of the activity of a multiple neurobiological network interaction. Dreaming feature is one interesting sleep phenomena that represents sensorial components, mostly visual perceptions, accompanied with intense emotions. Further complexity has been added to the topic of the neurobiological mechanism of dreams generation by the current data that suggests the influence of drugs on dream generation. Here, we discuss the review on some of the neurobiological mechanism of the regulation of dream activity, with special emphasis on the effects of stimulants on dreaming.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric Murillo-Rodríguez
- Laboratorio de Neurociencias Moleculares e Integrativas, Escuela de Medicina, División Ciencias de la Salud. Universidad Anáhuac Mayab. Mérida, Yucatán. México.,Intercontinental Neuroscience Research Group
| | - Astrid Coronado-Álvarez
- Laboratorio de Neurociencias Moleculares e Integrativas, Escuela de Medicina, División Ciencias de la Salud. Universidad Anáhuac Mayab. Mérida, Yucatán. México.,Intercontinental Neuroscience Research Group
| | - Luis Angel López-Muciño
- Health Sciences Program. Health Sciences Institute. Veracruzana University. Xalapa. Veracruz. Mexico
| | - José Carlos Pastrana-Trejo
- Laboratorio de Neurociencias Moleculares e Integrativas, Escuela de Medicina, División Ciencias de la Salud. Universidad Anáhuac Mayab. Mérida, Yucatán. México.,Intercontinental Neuroscience Research Group
| | - Gerardo Viana-Torre
- Laboratorio de Neurociencias Moleculares e Integrativas, Escuela de Medicina, División Ciencias de la Salud. Universidad Anáhuac Mayab. Mérida, Yucatán. México.,Intercontinental Neuroscience Research Group
| | - Juan José Barberena
- Laboratorio de Neurociencias Moleculares e Integrativas, Escuela de Medicina, División Ciencias de la Salud. Universidad Anáhuac Mayab. Mérida, Yucatán. México.,Intercontinental Neuroscience Research Group.,Escuela de Psicología, División Ciencias de la Salud. Universidad Anáhuac Mayab. Mérida, Yucatán. México
| | - Daniela Marcia Soriano-Nava
- Laboratorio de Neurociencias Moleculares e Integrativas, Escuela de Medicina, División Ciencias de la Salud. Universidad Anáhuac Mayab. Mérida, Yucatán. México.,Intercontinental Neuroscience Research Group
| | - Fabio García-García
- Intercontinental Neuroscience Research Group.,Health Sciences Program. Health Sciences Institute. Veracruzana University. Xalapa. Veracruz. Mexico
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Miyazaki S, Kawano T, Yanagisawa M, Hayashi Y. Intracellular Ca2+ dynamics in the ALA neuron reflect sleep pressure and regulate sleep in Caenorhabditis elegans. iScience 2022; 25:104452. [PMID: 35707721 PMCID: PMC9189131 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2022.104452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2022] [Revised: 04/03/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The mechanisms underlying sleep homeostasis are poorly understood. The nematode Caenorhabditis elegans exhibits 2 types of sleep: lethargus, or developmentally timed, and stress-induced sleep. Lethargus is characterized by alternating cycles of sleep and motion bouts. Sleep bouts are homeostatically regulated, i.e., prolonged active bouts lead to prolonged sleep bouts. Here we reveal that the interneuron ALA is crucial for homeostatic regulation during lethargus. Intracellular Ca2+ in ALA gradually increased during active bouts and rapidly decayed upon transitions to sleep bouts. Longer active bouts were accompanied by higher intracellular Ca2+ peaks. Optogenetic activation of ALA during active bouts caused transitions to sleep bouts. Dysfunction of CEH-17, which is an LIM homeodomain transcription factor selectively expressed in ALA, impaired the characteristic patterns of ALA intracellular Ca2+ and abolished the homeostatic regulation of sleep bouts. These findings indicate that ALA encodes sleep pressure and contributes to sleep homeostasis. ALA gradually increases its activity during motion bouts during lethargus in C. elegans Dysfunction or artificial activation of ALA perturbs the sleep structure ALA plays a crucial role in homeostatic sleep regulation
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinichi Miyazaki
- International Institute for Integrative Sleep Medicine (WPI-IIIS), University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan
- PhD Program in Humanics, School of Integrative and Global Majors, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan
| | - Taizo Kawano
- International Institute for Integrative Sleep Medicine (WPI-IIIS), University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan
| | - Masashi Yanagisawa
- International Institute for Integrative Sleep Medicine (WPI-IIIS), University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
- Life Science Center for Survival Dynamics (TARA), University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8577, Japan
- R&D Center for Frontiers of Mirai in Policy and Technology (F-MIRAI), University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan
| | - Yu Hayashi
- International Institute for Integrative Sleep Medicine (WPI-IIIS), University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan
- Department of Human Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 603-8363, Japan
- Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
- Corresponding author
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Masi M. Vitalism and cognition in a conscious universe. Commun Integr Biol 2022; 15:121-136. [PMID: 35559428 PMCID: PMC9090289 DOI: 10.1080/19420889.2022.2071102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
According to the current scientific paradigm, what we call ‘life’, ‘mind’, and ‘consciousness’ are considered epiphenomenal occurrences, or emergent properties or functions of matter and energy. Science does not associate these with an inherent and distinct existence beyond a materialistic/energetic conception. ‘Life’ is a word pointing at cellular and multicellular processes forming organisms capable of specific functions and skills. ‘Mind’ is a cognitive ability emerging from a matrix of complex interactions of neuronal processes, while ‘consciousness’ is an even more elusive concept, deemed a subjective epiphenomenon of brain activity. Historically, however, this has not always been the case, even in the scientific and academic context. Several prominent figures took vitalism seriously, while some schools of Western philosophical idealism and Eastern traditions promoted conceptions in which reality is reducible to mind or consciousness rather than matter. We will argue that current biological sciences did not falsify these alternative paradigms and that some forms of vitalism could be linked to some forms of idealism if we posit life and cognition as two distinct aspects of consciousness preeminent over matter. However, we will not argue in favor of vitalistic and idealistic conceptions. Rather, contrary to a physicalist doctrine, these were and remain coherent worldviews and cannot be ruled out by modern science.
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Rial RV, Canellas F, Akaârir M, Rubiño JA, Barceló P, Martín A, Gamundí A, Nicolau MC. The Birth of the Mammalian Sleep. BIOLOGY 2022; 11:biology11050734. [PMID: 35625462 PMCID: PMC9138988 DOI: 10.3390/biology11050734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Simple Summary Mammals evolved from reptiles as a consequence of an evolutionary bottleneck. Some diurnal reptiles extended their activity, first to twilight and then to the entire dark time. This forced the change of the visual system. Pursuing maximal sensitivity, they abandoned the filters protecting the eyes against the dangerous diurnal light, which, in turn, forced immobility in lightproof burrows during light time. This was the birth of the mammalian sleep. Then, the Cretacic-Paleogene extinction of dinosaurs leaved free the diurnal niche and allowed the expansion of a few early mammals to diurnal life and the high variability of sleep traits. On the other hand, we propose that the idling rest is a state showing homeostatic regulation. Therefore, the difference between behavioral rest and wakeful idling is rather low: both show quiescence, raised sensory thresholds, reversibility, specific sleeping-resting sites and body positions, it is a pleasing state, and both are dependent of circadian and homeostatic regulation. Indeed, the most important difference is the unconsciousness of sleep and the consciousness of wakeful idling. Thus, we propose that sleep is a mere upgrade of the wakeful rest, and both may have the same function: guaranteeing rest during a part of the daily cycle. Abstract Mammals evolved from small-sized reptiles that developed endothermic metabolism. This allowed filling the nocturnal niche. They traded-off visual acuity for sensitivity but became defenseless against the dangerous daylight. To avoid such danger, they rested with closed eyes in lightproof burrows during light-time. This was the birth of the mammalian sleep, the main finding of this report. Improved audition and olfaction counterweighed the visual impairments and facilitated the cortical development. This process is called “The Nocturnal Evolutionary Bottleneck”. Pre-mammals were nocturnal until the Cretacic-Paleogene extinction of dinosaurs. Some early mammals returned to diurnal activity, and this allowed the high variability in sleeping patterns observed today. The traits of Waking Idleness are almost identical to those of behavioral sleep, including homeostatic regulation. This is another important finding of this report. In summary, behavioral sleep seems to be an upgrade of Waking Idleness Indeed, the trait that never fails to show is quiescence. We conclude that the main function of sleep consists in guaranteeing it during a part of the daily cycle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rubén V. Rial
- Laboratori de Neurofisiologia del Son i dels Ritmes Biològics, Grup de Recerca Neurofisiologia del Son i Ritmes Biològics, Department of Biologia, Universitat de les Illes Balears, Ctra Valldemossa, km 7.5, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Illes Balears, Spain; (F.C.); (M.A.); (J.A.R.); (P.B.); (A.M.); (A.G.); (M.C.N.)
- IdISBa, Institut d’Investigació Sanitària de les Illes Balears, Hospital Son Espases, 07120 Palma de Mallorca, Illes Balears, Spain
- IUNICS, Institut Universitari d’Investigació en Ciències de la Salut, Hospital Universitary Son Espases, 07120 Palma de Mallorca, Illes Balears, Spain
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-971-173-147; Fax: +34-971-173-184
| | - Francesca Canellas
- Laboratori de Neurofisiologia del Son i dels Ritmes Biològics, Grup de Recerca Neurofisiologia del Son i Ritmes Biològics, Department of Biologia, Universitat de les Illes Balears, Ctra Valldemossa, km 7.5, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Illes Balears, Spain; (F.C.); (M.A.); (J.A.R.); (P.B.); (A.M.); (A.G.); (M.C.N.)
- IdISBa, Institut d’Investigació Sanitària de les Illes Balears, Hospital Son Espases, 07120 Palma de Mallorca, Illes Balears, Spain
- IUNICS, Institut Universitari d’Investigació en Ciències de la Salut, Hospital Universitary Son Espases, 07120 Palma de Mallorca, Illes Balears, Spain
| | - Mourad Akaârir
- Laboratori de Neurofisiologia del Son i dels Ritmes Biològics, Grup de Recerca Neurofisiologia del Son i Ritmes Biològics, Department of Biologia, Universitat de les Illes Balears, Ctra Valldemossa, km 7.5, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Illes Balears, Spain; (F.C.); (M.A.); (J.A.R.); (P.B.); (A.M.); (A.G.); (M.C.N.)
- IdISBa, Institut d’Investigació Sanitària de les Illes Balears, Hospital Son Espases, 07120 Palma de Mallorca, Illes Balears, Spain
- IUNICS, Institut Universitari d’Investigació en Ciències de la Salut, Hospital Universitary Son Espases, 07120 Palma de Mallorca, Illes Balears, Spain
| | - José A. Rubiño
- Laboratori de Neurofisiologia del Son i dels Ritmes Biològics, Grup de Recerca Neurofisiologia del Son i Ritmes Biològics, Department of Biologia, Universitat de les Illes Balears, Ctra Valldemossa, km 7.5, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Illes Balears, Spain; (F.C.); (M.A.); (J.A.R.); (P.B.); (A.M.); (A.G.); (M.C.N.)
- IdISBa, Institut d’Investigació Sanitària de les Illes Balears, Hospital Son Espases, 07120 Palma de Mallorca, Illes Balears, Spain
- IUNICS, Institut Universitari d’Investigació en Ciències de la Salut, Hospital Universitary Son Espases, 07120 Palma de Mallorca, Illes Balears, Spain
| | - Pere Barceló
- Laboratori de Neurofisiologia del Son i dels Ritmes Biològics, Grup de Recerca Neurofisiologia del Son i Ritmes Biològics, Department of Biologia, Universitat de les Illes Balears, Ctra Valldemossa, km 7.5, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Illes Balears, Spain; (F.C.); (M.A.); (J.A.R.); (P.B.); (A.M.); (A.G.); (M.C.N.)
- IdISBa, Institut d’Investigació Sanitària de les Illes Balears, Hospital Son Espases, 07120 Palma de Mallorca, Illes Balears, Spain
- IUNICS, Institut Universitari d’Investigació en Ciències de la Salut, Hospital Universitary Son Espases, 07120 Palma de Mallorca, Illes Balears, Spain
| | - Aida Martín
- Laboratori de Neurofisiologia del Son i dels Ritmes Biològics, Grup de Recerca Neurofisiologia del Son i Ritmes Biològics, Department of Biologia, Universitat de les Illes Balears, Ctra Valldemossa, km 7.5, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Illes Balears, Spain; (F.C.); (M.A.); (J.A.R.); (P.B.); (A.M.); (A.G.); (M.C.N.)
- IdISBa, Institut d’Investigació Sanitària de les Illes Balears, Hospital Son Espases, 07120 Palma de Mallorca, Illes Balears, Spain
- IUNICS, Institut Universitari d’Investigació en Ciències de la Salut, Hospital Universitary Son Espases, 07120 Palma de Mallorca, Illes Balears, Spain
| | - Antoni Gamundí
- Laboratori de Neurofisiologia del Son i dels Ritmes Biològics, Grup de Recerca Neurofisiologia del Son i Ritmes Biològics, Department of Biologia, Universitat de les Illes Balears, Ctra Valldemossa, km 7.5, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Illes Balears, Spain; (F.C.); (M.A.); (J.A.R.); (P.B.); (A.M.); (A.G.); (M.C.N.)
- IdISBa, Institut d’Investigació Sanitària de les Illes Balears, Hospital Son Espases, 07120 Palma de Mallorca, Illes Balears, Spain
- IUNICS, Institut Universitari d’Investigació en Ciències de la Salut, Hospital Universitary Son Espases, 07120 Palma de Mallorca, Illes Balears, Spain
| | - M. Cristina Nicolau
- Laboratori de Neurofisiologia del Son i dels Ritmes Biològics, Grup de Recerca Neurofisiologia del Son i Ritmes Biològics, Department of Biologia, Universitat de les Illes Balears, Ctra Valldemossa, km 7.5, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Illes Balears, Spain; (F.C.); (M.A.); (J.A.R.); (P.B.); (A.M.); (A.G.); (M.C.N.)
- IdISBa, Institut d’Investigació Sanitària de les Illes Balears, Hospital Son Espases, 07120 Palma de Mallorca, Illes Balears, Spain
- IUNICS, Institut Universitari d’Investigació en Ciències de la Salut, Hospital Universitary Son Espases, 07120 Palma de Mallorca, Illes Balears, Spain
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Chaturvedi R, Stork T, Yuan C, Freeman MR, Emery P. Astrocytic GABA transporter controls sleep by modulating GABAergic signaling in Drosophila circadian neurons. Curr Biol 2022; 32:1895-1908.e5. [PMID: 35303417 PMCID: PMC9090989 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2022.02.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Revised: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
A precise balance between sleep and wakefulness is essential to sustain a good quality of life and optimal brain function. GABA is known to play a key and conserved role in sleep control, and GABAergic tone should, therefore, be tightly controlled in sleep circuits. Here, we examined the role of the astrocytic GABA transporter (GAT) in sleep regulation using Drosophila melanogaster. We found that a hypomorphic gat mutation (gat33-1) increased sleep amount, decreased sleep latency, and increased sleep consolidation at night. Interestingly, sleep defects were suppressed when gat33-1 was combined with a mutation disrupting wide-awake (wake), a gene that regulates the cell-surface levels of the GABAA receptor resistance to dieldrin (RDL) in the wake-promoting large ventral lateral neurons (l-LNvs). Moreover, RNAi knockdown of rdl and its modulators dnlg4 and wake in these circadian neurons also suppressed gat33-1 sleep phenotypes. Brain immunohistochemistry showed that GAT-expressing astrocytes were located near RDL-positive l-LNv cell bodies and dendritic processes. We concluded that astrocytic GAT decreases GABAergic tone and RDL activation in arousal-promoting LNvs, thus determining proper sleep amount and quality in Drosophila.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ratna Chaturvedi
- Department of Neurobiology, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
| | - Tobias Stork
- Department of Neurobiology, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA; Vollum Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Chunyan Yuan
- Department of Neurobiology, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
| | - Marc R Freeman
- Department of Neurobiology, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA; Vollum Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Patrick Emery
- Department of Neurobiology, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA.
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Poczai P, Santiago-Blay JA. Chip Off the Old Block: Generation, Development, and Ancestral Concepts of Heredity. Front Genet 2022; 13:814436. [PMID: 35356423 PMCID: PMC8959437 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.814436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2021] [Accepted: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Heredity is such a fundamental concept that it is hard to imagine a world where the connection between parents and offspring is not understood. Three hundred years ago thinking of the phenomenon of heredity bore on a cluster of distinct philosophical questions inherited from antiquity concerning the nature and origin of substances or beings that lacked biological meaning. We are reminded of this philosophical heritage by the fact that in the 18th century the study of reproduction, embryology and development was referred to as “the science of generation”. It is now clear that reproduction, the biological process by which parents produce offspring, is a fundamental feature of all life on Earth. Heredity, the transmission of traits from parents to offspring via sexual or asexual reproduction, allows differences between individuals to accumulate and evolve through natural selection. Genetics is the study of heredity, and in particular, variation of fundamental units responsible for heredity. Ideas underlying this theory evolved in considerably different and unrelated ways across a number of knowledge domains, including philosophy, medicine, natural history, and breeding. The fusion of these different domains into a single comprehensive theory in 19th century biology was a historically and culturally interdependent process, thus examining genetic prehistory should unravel these entanglements. The major goal of our review is tracing the various threads of thought that gradually converged into our contemporary understanding of heredity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Péter Poczai
- Finnish Museum of Natural History, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.,Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.,Institute of Advanced Science Kőszeg (iASK), Kőszeg, Hungary
| | - Jorge A Santiago-Blay
- Department of Paleobiology, National Museum of Natural History, Washington, DC, United States.,The Pennsylvania State University, York, PA, United States
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Elkhatib Smidt SD, Hitt T, Zemel BS, Mitchell JA. Sex differences in childhood sleep and health implications. Ann Hum Biol 2022; 48:474-484. [PMID: 35105205 DOI: 10.1080/03014460.2021.1998624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Sleep is critical for optimal childhood metabolic health and neurodevelopment. However, there is limited knowledge regarding childhood sex differences in sleep, including children with neurodevelopmental disorders, and the impact of such differences on metabolic health. OBJECTIVE To evaluate if sex differences in childhood sleep exist and if sleep associates with metabolic health outcomes equally by sex. Using autism spectrum disorder (ASD) as a case study, we also examine sleep sex differences in children with a neurodevelopmental disorder. METHODS A narrative review explored the literature focussing on sex differences in childhood sleep. RESULTS Sex differences in sleep were not detected among pre-adolescents. However, female adolescents were more likely to report impaired sleep than males. Childhood obesity is more common in males. Shorter sleep duration may be associated with obesity in male pre-adolescents/adolescents; although findings are mixed. ASD is male-predominant; yet, there was an indication that pre-adolescent female children with ASD had more impaired sleep. CONCLUSION Sex differences in sleep appear to emerge in adolescence with more impaired sleep in females. This trend was also observed among pre-adolescent female children with ASD. Further research is needed on sex differences in childhood sleep and metabolic health and the underlying mechanisms driving these differences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stacey D Elkhatib Smidt
- Division of Neurology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,Sleep Center, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,Division of Sleep Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Talia Hitt
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Babette S Zemel
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Jonathan A Mitchell
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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Tseng YT, Zhao B, Chen S, Ye J, Liu J, Liang L, Ding H, Schaefke B, Yang Q, Wang L, Wang F, Wang L. The subthalamic corticotropin-releasing hormone neurons mediate adaptive REM-sleep responses to threat. Neuron 2022; 110:1223-1239.e8. [PMID: 35065715 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2021.12.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2021] [Revised: 09/10/2021] [Accepted: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
When an animal faces a threatening situation while asleep, rapid arousal is the essential prerequisite for an adequate response. Here, we find that predator stimuli induce immediate arousal from REM sleep compared with NREM sleep. Using in vivo neural activity recording and cell-type-specific manipulations, we identify neurons in the medial subthalamic nucleus (mSTN) expressing corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) that mediate arousal and defensive responses to acute predator threats received through multiple sensory modalities across REM sleep and wakefulness. We observe involvement of the same neurons in the normal regulation of REM sleep and the adaptive increase in REM sleep induced by sustained predator stress. Projections to the lateral globus pallidus (LGP) are the effector pathway for the threat-coping responses and REM-sleep expression. Together, our findings suggest adaptive REM-sleep responses could be protective against threats and uncover a critical component of the neural circuitry at their basis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Ting Tseng
- CAS Key Laboratory of Brain Connectome and Manipulation, the Brain Cognition and Brain Disease Institute, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen-Hong Kong Institute of Brain Science-Shenzhen Fundamental Research Institutions, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Binghao Zhao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Brain Connectome and Manipulation, the Brain Cognition and Brain Disease Institute, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen-Hong Kong Institute of Brain Science-Shenzhen Fundamental Research Institutions, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Shanping Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Brain Connectome and Manipulation, the Brain Cognition and Brain Disease Institute, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen-Hong Kong Institute of Brain Science-Shenzhen Fundamental Research Institutions, Shenzhen 518055, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jialin Ye
- CAS Key Laboratory of Brain Connectome and Manipulation, the Brain Cognition and Brain Disease Institute, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen-Hong Kong Institute of Brain Science-Shenzhen Fundamental Research Institutions, Shenzhen 518055, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jingjing Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Brain Connectome and Manipulation, the Brain Cognition and Brain Disease Institute, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen-Hong Kong Institute of Brain Science-Shenzhen Fundamental Research Institutions, Shenzhen 518055, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Lisha Liang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Brain Connectome and Manipulation, the Brain Cognition and Brain Disease Institute, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen-Hong Kong Institute of Brain Science-Shenzhen Fundamental Research Institutions, Shenzhen 518055, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Hui Ding
- CAS Key Laboratory of Brain Connectome and Manipulation, the Brain Cognition and Brain Disease Institute, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen-Hong Kong Institute of Brain Science-Shenzhen Fundamental Research Institutions, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Bernhard Schaefke
- The Brain Cognition and Brain Disease Institute, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen-Hong Kong Institute of Brain Science-Shenzhen Fundamental Research Institutions, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Qin Yang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Brain Connectome and Manipulation, the Brain Cognition and Brain Disease Institute, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen-Hong Kong Institute of Brain Science-Shenzhen Fundamental Research Institutions, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Lina Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Brain Connectome and Manipulation, the Brain Cognition and Brain Disease Institute, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen-Hong Kong Institute of Brain Science-Shenzhen Fundamental Research Institutions, Shenzhen 518055, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Feng Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Brain Connectome and Manipulation, the Brain Cognition and Brain Disease Institute, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen-Hong Kong Institute of Brain Science-Shenzhen Fundamental Research Institutions, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Liping Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Brain Connectome and Manipulation, the Brain Cognition and Brain Disease Institute, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen-Hong Kong Institute of Brain Science-Shenzhen Fundamental Research Institutions, Shenzhen 518055, China.
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50
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Reduced neural feedback signaling despite robust neuron and gamma auditory responses during human sleep. Nat Neurosci 2022; 25:935-943. [PMID: 35817847 PMCID: PMC9276533 DOI: 10.1038/s41593-022-01107-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2021] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
During sleep, sensory stimuli rarely trigger a behavioral response or conscious perception. However, it remains unclear whether sleep inhibits specific aspects of sensory processing, such as feedforward or feedback signaling. Here, we presented auditory stimuli (for example, click-trains, words, music) during wakefulness and sleep in patients with epilepsy, while recording neuronal spiking, microwire local field potentials, intracranial electroencephalogram and polysomnography. Auditory stimuli induced robust and selective spiking and high-gamma (80-200 Hz) power responses across the lateral temporal lobe during both non-rapid eye movement (NREM) and rapid eye movement (REM) sleep. Sleep only moderately attenuated response magnitudes, mainly affecting late responses beyond early auditory cortex and entrainment to rapid click-trains in NREM sleep. By contrast, auditory-induced alpha-beta (10-30 Hz) desynchronization (that is, decreased power), prevalent in wakefulness, was strongly reduced in sleep. Thus, extensive auditory responses persist during sleep whereas alpha-beta power decrease, likely reflecting neural feedback processes, is deficient. More broadly, our findings suggest that feedback signaling is key to conscious sensory processing.
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