1
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Maruszczak KK, Draczkowski P, Wnorowski A, Chacinska A. Structure prediction analysis of human core TIM23 complex reveals conservation of the protein translocation mechanism. FEBS Open Bio 2024. [PMID: 38837610 DOI: 10.1002/2211-5463.13840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2024] [Revised: 05/21/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024] Open
Abstract
The majority of mitochondrial proteins are encoded in the nucleus, translated on cytosolic ribosomes, and subsequently targeted to the mitochondrial surface. Their further import into the organelle is facilitated by highly specialized protein translocases. Mitochondrial precursor proteins that are destined to the mitochondrial matrix and, to some extent, the inner membrane, utilize translocase of the inner membrane (TIM23). This indispensable import machinery has been extensively studied in yeast. The translocating unit of the TIM23 complex in yeast consists of two membrane proteins, Tim17 and Tim23. In contrast to previous findings, recent reports demonstrate the primary role of Tim17, rather than Tim23, in the translocation of newly synthesized proteins. Very little is known about human TIM23 translocase. Human cells have two orthologs of yeast Tim17, TIMM17A and TIMM17B. Here, using computational tools, we present the architecture of human core TIM23 variants with either TIMM17A or TIMM17B, forming two populations of highly similar complexes. The structures reveal high conservation of the core TIM23 complex between human and yeast. Interestingly, both TIMM17A and TIMM17B variants interact with TIMM23 and reactive oxygen species modulator 1 (ROMO1); a homolog of yeast Mgr2, a protein that can create a channel-like structure with Tim17. The high structural conservation of proteins that form the core TIM23 complex in yeast and humans raises an interesting question about mechanistic and functional differences that justify existence of the two variants of TIM23 in higher eukaryotes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Piotr Draczkowski
- National Bioinformatics Infrastructure Sweden, SciLifeLab, Solna, Sweden
- Department of Synthesis and Chemical Technology of Pharmaceutical Substances, Medical University of Lublin, Poland
| | - Artur Wnorowski
- Department of Biopharmacy, Medical University of Lublin, Poland
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2
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Sun X, Shi C, Dai J, Zhang MQ, Pei DS, Yang L. Targeting the mitochondrial protein YME1L to inhibit osteosarcoma cell growth in vitro and in vivo. Cell Death Dis 2024; 15:346. [PMID: 38769124 PMCID: PMC11106333 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-024-06722-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Revised: 05/02/2024] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
Exploring novel diagnostic and therapeutic biomarkers is extremely important for osteosarcoma. YME1 Like 1 ATPase (YME1L), locating in the mitochondrial inner membrane, is key in regulating mitochondrial plasticity and metabolic activity. Its expression and potential functions in osteosarcoma are studied in the present study. We show that YME1L mRNA and protein expression is significantly elevated in osteosarcoma tissues derived from different human patients. Moreover, its expression is upregulated in various primary and immortalized osteosarcoma cells. The Cancer Genome Atlas database results revealed that YME1L overexpression was correlated with poor overall survival and poor disease-specific survival in sarcoma patients. In primary and immortalized osteosarcoma cells, silencing of YME1L through lentiviral shRNA robustly inhibited cell viability, proliferation, and migration. Moreover, cell cycle arrest and apoptosis were detected in YME1L-silenced osteosarcoma cells. YME1L silencing impaired mitochondrial functions in osteosarcoma cells, causing mitochondrial depolarization, oxidative injury, lipid peroxidation and DNA damage as well as mitochondrial respiratory chain complex I activity inhibition and ATP depletion. Contrarily, forced YME1L overexpression exerted pro-cancerous activity and strengthened primary osteosarcoma cell proliferation and migration. YME1L is important for Akt-S6K activation in osteosarcoma cells. Phosphorylation of Akt and S6K was inhibited after YME1L silencing in primary osteosarcoma cells, but was strengthened with YME1L overexpression. Restoring Akt-mTOR activation by S473D constitutively active Akt1 mitigated YME1L shRNA-induced anti-osteosarcoma cell activity. Lastly, intratumoral injection of YME1L shRNA adeno-associated virus inhibited subcutaneous osteosarcoma xenograft growth in nude mice. YME1L depletion, mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative injury, Akt-S6K inactivation, and apoptosis were detected in YME1L shRNA-treated osteosarcoma xenografts. Together, overexpressed YME1L promotes osteosarcoma cell growth, possibly by maintaining mitochondrial function and Akt-mTOR activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Sun
- Department of Hand and Foot Surgery, The Affiliated Taizhou People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Taizhou School of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Taizhou, China
| | - Ce Shi
- Cancer Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Orthopedics, The Affiliated Suqian Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Suqian, China
| | - Jin Dai
- Department of Orthopedics, Suzhou Wujiang District Children's Hospital, Suzhou, China
| | | | - Dong-Sheng Pei
- Cancer Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Lei Yang
- Department of Orthopedics, Wujin Hospital Affiliated with Jiangsu University, Changzhou, China.
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3
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Xiao T, English AM, Wilson ZN, Maschek J, Cox JE, Hughes AL. The phospholipids cardiolipin and phosphatidylethanolamine differentially regulate MDC biogenesis. J Cell Biol 2024; 223:e202302069. [PMID: 38497895 PMCID: PMC10949074 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.202302069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Revised: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Cells utilize multiple mechanisms to maintain mitochondrial homeostasis. We recently characterized a pathway that remodels mitochondria in response to metabolic alterations and protein overload stress. This remodeling occurs via the formation of large membranous structures from the mitochondrial outer membrane called mitochondrial-derived compartments (MDCs), which are eventually released from mitochondria and degraded. Here, we conducted a microscopy-based screen in budding yeast to identify factors that regulate MDC formation. We found that two phospholipids, cardiolipin (CL) and phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), differentially regulate MDC biogenesis. CL depletion impairs MDC biogenesis, whereas blocking mitochondrial PE production leads to constitutive MDC formation. Additionally, in response to metabolic MDC activators, cellular and mitochondrial PE declines, and overexpressing mitochondrial PE synthesis enzymes suppress MDC biogenesis. Altogether, our data indicate a requirement for CL in MDC biogenesis and suggest that PE depletion may stimulate MDC formation downstream of MDC-inducing metabolic stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianyao Xiao
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Alyssa M. English
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Zachary N. Wilson
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - J.Alan. Maschek
- Metabolomics Core Research Facility, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
- Department of Nutrition and Integration. Physiology, University of Utah College of Health, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - James E. Cox
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
- Metabolomics Core Research Facility, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Adam L. Hughes
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
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4
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Luo Y, Zhang L, Su N, Liu L, Zhao T. YME1L-mediated mitophagy protects renal tubular cells against cellular senescence under diabetic conditions. Biol Res 2024; 57:10. [PMID: 38494498 PMCID: PMC10946153 DOI: 10.1186/s40659-024-00487-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The senescence of renal tubular epithelial cells (RTECs) is crucial in the progression of diabetic kidney disease (DKD). Accumulating evidence suggests a close association between insufficient mitophagy and RTEC senescence. Yeast mitochondrial escape 1-like 1 (YME1L), an inner mitochondrial membrane metalloprotease, maintains mitochondrial integrity. Its functions in DKD remain unclear. Here, we investigated whether YME1L can prevent the progression of DKD by regulating mitophagy and cellular senescence. METHODS We analyzed YME1L expression in renal tubules of DKD patients and mice, explored transcriptomic changes associated with YME1L overexpression in RTECs, and assessed its impact on RTEC senescence and renal dysfunction using an HFD/STZ-induced DKD mouse model. Tubule-specific overexpression of YME1L was achieved through the use of recombinant adeno-associated virus 2/9 (rAAV 2/9). We conducted both in vivo and in vitro experiments to evaluate the effects of YME1L overexpression on mitophagy and mitochondrial function. Furthermore, we performed LC-MS/MS analysis to identify potential protein interactions involving YME1L and elucidate the underlying mechanisms. RESULTS Our findings revealed a significant decrease in YME1L expression in the renal tubules of DKD patients and mice. However, tubule-specific overexpression of YME1L significantly alleviated RTEC senescence and renal dysfunction in the HFD/STZ-induced DKD mouse model. Moreover, YME1L overexpression exhibited positive effects on enhancing mitophagy and improving mitochondrial function both in vivo and in vitro. Mechanistically, our LC-MS/MS analysis uncovered a crucial mitophagy receptor, BCL2-like 13 (BCL2L13), as an interacting partner of YME1L. Furthermore, YME1L was found to promote the phosphorylation of BCL2L13, highlighting its role in regulating mitophagy. CONCLUSIONS This study provides compelling evidence that YME1L plays a critical role in protecting RTECs from cellular senescence and impeding the progression of DKD. Overexpression of YME1L demonstrated significant therapeutic potential by ameliorating both RTEC senescence and renal dysfunction in the DKD mice. Moreover, our findings indicate that YME1L enhances mitophagy and improves mitochondrial function, potentially through its interaction with BCL2L13 and subsequent phosphorylation. These novel insights into the protective mechanisms of YME1L offer a promising strategy for developing therapies targeting DKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Luo
- Department of Endocrinology, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510655, China
- Department of Endocrinology, Chongqing University Three Gorges Hospital, Chongqing, 404000, China
| | - Lingxiao Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510655, China
| | - Ning Su
- Department of Hematology, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510655, China
| | - Lerong Liu
- Department of Endocrinology, Southern Medical University Nanfang Hospital, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Tongfeng Zhao
- Department of Endocrinology, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510655, China.
- Department of Endocrinology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 51000, China.
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5
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Baker MJ, Blau KU, Anderson AJ, Palmer CS, Fielden LF, Crameri JJ, Milenkovic D, Thorburn DR, Frazier AE, Langer T, Stojanovski D. CLPB disaggregase dysfunction impacts the functional integrity of the proteolytic SPY complex. J Cell Biol 2024; 223:e202305087. [PMID: 38270563 PMCID: PMC10818064 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.202305087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Revised: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2024] Open
Abstract
CLPB is a mitochondrial intermembrane space AAA+ domain-containing disaggregase. CLPB mutations are associated with 3-methylglutaconic aciduria and neutropenia; however, the molecular mechanism underscoring disease and the contribution of CLPB substrates to disease pathology remains unknown. Interactions between CLPB and mitochondrial quality control (QC) factors, including PARL and OPA1, have been reported, hinting at dysregulation of organelle QC in disease. Utilizing proteomic and biochemical approaches, we show a stress-specific aggregation phenotype in a CLPB-null environment and define the CLPB substrate profile. We illustrate an interplay between intermembrane space proteins including CLPB, HAX1, HTRA2, and the inner membrane quality control proteins (STOML2, PARL, YME1L1; SPY complex), with CLPB deficiency impeding SPY complex function by virtue of protein aggregation in the intermembrane space. We conclude that there is an interdependency of mitochondrial QC components at the intermembrane space/inner membrane interface, and perturbations to this network may underscore CLPB disease pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan J. Baker
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology and The Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - Kai Uwe Blau
- Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, Cologne, Germany
- Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Alexander J. Anderson
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology and The Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - Catherine S. Palmer
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology and The Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - Laura F. Fielden
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology and The Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - Jordan J. Crameri
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology and The Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - Dusanka Milenkovic
- Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, Cologne, Germany
- Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - David R. Thorburn
- Royal Children’s Hospital and Department of Paediatrics, Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
- Victorian Clinical Genetics Services, Royal Children’s Hospital, Parkville, Australia
| | - Ann E. Frazier
- Royal Children’s Hospital and Department of Paediatrics, Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - Thomas Langer
- Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, Cologne, Germany
- Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Diana Stojanovski
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology and The Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
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6
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Lee RG, Rudler DL, Raven SA, Peng L, Chopin A, Moh ESX, McCubbin T, Siira SJ, Fagan SV, DeBono NJ, Stentenbach M, Browne J, Rackham FF, Li J, Simpson KJ, Marcellin E, Packer NH, Reid GE, Padman BS, Rackham O, Filipovska A. Quantitative subcellular reconstruction reveals a lipid mediated inter-organelle biogenesis network. Nat Cell Biol 2024; 26:57-71. [PMID: 38129691 DOI: 10.1038/s41556-023-01297-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
The structures and functions of organelles in cells depend on each other but have not been systematically explored. We established stable knockout cell lines of peroxisomal, Golgi and endoplasmic reticulum genes identified in a whole-genome CRISPR knockout screen for inducers of mitochondrial biogenesis stress, showing that defects in peroxisome, Golgi and endoplasmic reticulum metabolism disrupt mitochondrial structure and function. Our quantitative total-organelle profiling approach for focussed ion beam scanning electron microscopy revealed in unprecedented detail that specific organelle dysfunctions precipitate multi-organelle biogenesis defects, impair mitochondrial morphology and reduce respiration. Multi-omics profiling showed a unified proteome response and global shifts in lipid and glycoprotein homeostasis that are elicited when organelle biogenesis is compromised, and that the resulting mitochondrial dysfunction can be rescued with precursors for ether-glycerophospholipid metabolic pathways. This work defines metabolic and morphological interactions between organelles and how their perturbation can cause disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard G Lee
- Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, QEII Medical Centre, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Synthetic Biology, QEII Medical Centre, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
- Centre for Medical Research, The University of Western Australia, QEII Medical Centre, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
- Telethon Kids Institute, Northern Entrance, Perth Children's Hospital, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Danielle L Rudler
- Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, QEII Medical Centre, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Synthetic Biology, QEII Medical Centre, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
- Centre for Medical Research, The University of Western Australia, QEII Medical Centre, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Samuel A Raven
- Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, QEII Medical Centre, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Synthetic Biology, QEII Medical Centre, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
- Curtin Medical School, Curtin University, Bentley, Western Australia, Australia
- Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Bentley, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Liuyu Peng
- School of Chemistry, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Anaëlle Chopin
- Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, QEII Medical Centre, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Synthetic Biology, QEII Medical Centre, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
- Centre for Medical Research, The University of Western Australia, QEII Medical Centre, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
- Telethon Kids Institute, Northern Entrance, Perth Children's Hospital, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Edward S X Moh
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Synthetic Biology, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- School of Natural Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Tim McCubbin
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, Queensland, Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Synthetic Biology, The University of Queensland, Queensland, Australia
| | - Stefan J Siira
- Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, QEII Medical Centre, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Synthetic Biology, QEII Medical Centre, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
- Centre for Medical Research, The University of Western Australia, QEII Medical Centre, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
- Telethon Kids Institute, Northern Entrance, Perth Children's Hospital, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Samuel V Fagan
- Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, QEII Medical Centre, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Synthetic Biology, QEII Medical Centre, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
- Centre for Medical Research, The University of Western Australia, QEII Medical Centre, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
- Telethon Kids Institute, Northern Entrance, Perth Children's Hospital, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Nicholas J DeBono
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Synthetic Biology, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- School of Natural Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Maike Stentenbach
- Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, QEII Medical Centre, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Synthetic Biology, QEII Medical Centre, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
- Centre for Medical Research, The University of Western Australia, QEII Medical Centre, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
- Telethon Kids Institute, Northern Entrance, Perth Children's Hospital, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Jasmin Browne
- Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, QEII Medical Centre, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Synthetic Biology, QEII Medical Centre, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
- Centre for Medical Research, The University of Western Australia, QEII Medical Centre, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
- Telethon Kids Institute, Northern Entrance, Perth Children's Hospital, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Filip F Rackham
- Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, QEII Medical Centre, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Ji Li
- Centre for Medical Research, The University of Western Australia, QEII Medical Centre, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Kaylene J Simpson
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Victorian Centre for Functional Genomics, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Esteban Marcellin
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, Queensland, Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Synthetic Biology, The University of Queensland, Queensland, Australia
| | - Nicolle H Packer
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Synthetic Biology, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- School of Natural Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Gavin E Reid
- School of Chemistry, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Benjamin S Padman
- Telethon Kids Institute, Northern Entrance, Perth Children's Hospital, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
- Centre for Microscopy, Characterisation and Analysis, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Oliver Rackham
- Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, QEII Medical Centre, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Synthetic Biology, QEII Medical Centre, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
- Centre for Medical Research, The University of Western Australia, QEII Medical Centre, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
- Curtin Medical School, Curtin University, Bentley, Western Australia, Australia
- Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Bentley, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Aleksandra Filipovska
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Synthetic Biology, QEII Medical Centre, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia.
- Telethon Kids Institute, Northern Entrance, Perth Children's Hospital, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia.
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7
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Shen X, Niu N, Xue J. Oncogenic KRAS triggers metabolic reprogramming in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. J Transl Int Med 2023; 11:322-329. [PMID: 38130635 PMCID: PMC10732496 DOI: 10.2478/jtim-2022-0022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a devastating disease with an extremely high lethality rate. Oncogenic KRAS activation has been proven to be a key driver of PDAC initiation and progression. There is increasing evidence that PDAC cells undergo extensive metabolic reprogramming to adapt to their extreme energy and biomass demands. Cell-intrinsic factors, such as KRAS mutations, are able to trigger metabolic rewriting. Here, we update recent advances in KRAS-driven metabolic reprogramming and the associated metabolic therapeutic potential in PDAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuqing Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Stem Cell Research Center, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai200127, China
| | - Ningning Niu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Stem Cell Research Center, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai200127, China
| | - Jing Xue
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Stem Cell Research Center, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai200127, China
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8
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den Brave F, Schulte U, Fakler B, Pfanner N, Becker T. Mitochondrial complexome and import network. Trends Cell Biol 2023:S0962-8924(23)00208-8. [PMID: 37914576 DOI: 10.1016/j.tcb.2023.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Revised: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondria perform crucial functions in cellular metabolism, protein and lipid biogenesis, quality control, and signaling. The systematic analysis of protein complexes and interaction networks provided exciting insights into the structural and functional organization of mitochondria. Most mitochondrial proteins do not act as independent units, but are interconnected by stable or dynamic protein-protein interactions. Protein translocases are responsible for importing precursor proteins into mitochondria and form central elements of several protein interaction networks. These networks include molecular chaperones and quality control factors, metabolite channels and respiratory chain complexes, and membrane and organellar contact sites. Protein translocases link the distinct networks into an overarching network, the mitochondrial import network (MitimNet), to coordinate biogenesis, membrane organization and function of mitochondria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabian den Brave
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Bonn, 53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - Uwe Schulte
- Institute of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany; CIBSS Centre for Integrative Biological Signalling Studies, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany; BIOSS Centre for Biological Signalling Studies, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Bernd Fakler
- Institute of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany; CIBSS Centre for Integrative Biological Signalling Studies, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany; BIOSS Centre for Biological Signalling Studies, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Nikolaus Pfanner
- CIBSS Centre for Integrative Biological Signalling Studies, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany; BIOSS Centre for Biological Signalling Studies, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany; Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, ZBMZ, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany.
| | - Thomas Becker
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Bonn, 53115 Bonn, Germany.
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9
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Abstract
Mitochondria are multifunctional organelles that play a central role in a wide range of life-sustaining tasks in eukaryotic cells, including adenosine triphosphate (ATP) production, calcium storage and coenzyme generation pathways such as iron-sulfur cluster biosynthesis. The wide range of mitochondrial functions is carried out by a diverse array of proteins comprising approximately 1500 proteins or polypeptides. Degradation of these proteins is mainly performed by four AAA+ proteases localized in mitochondria. These AAA+ proteases play a quality control role in degrading damaged or misfolded proteins and perform various other functions. This chapter describes previously identified roles for these AAA+ proteases that are localized in the mitochondria of animal cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuichi Matsushima
- Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka, Japan.
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10
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Qiu J, Yue F, Zhu P, Chen J, Xu F, Zhang L, Kim KH, Snyder MM, Luo N, Xu HW, Huang F, Tao WA, Kuang S. FAM210A is essential for cold-induced mitochondrial remodeling in brown adipocytes. Nat Commun 2023; 14:6344. [PMID: 37816711 PMCID: PMC10564795 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-41988-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Cold stimulation dynamically remodels mitochondria in brown adipose tissue (BAT) to facilitate non-shivering thermogenesis in mammals, but what regulates mitochondrial plasticity is poorly understood. Comparing mitochondrial proteomes in response to cold revealed FAM210A as a cold-inducible mitochondrial inner membrane protein. An adipocyte-specific constitutive knockout of Fam210a (Fam210aAKO) disrupts mitochondrial cristae structure and diminishes the thermogenic activity of BAT, rendering the Fam210aAKO mice vulnerable to lethal hypothermia under acute cold exposure. Induced knockout of Fam210a in adult adipocytes (Fam210aiAKO) does not affect steady-state mitochondrial structure under thermoneutrality, but impairs cold-induced mitochondrial remodeling, leading to progressive loss of cristae and reduction of mitochondrial density. Proteomics reveals an association between FAM210A and OPA1, whose cleavage governs cristae dynamics and mitochondrial remodeling. Mechanistically, FAM210A interacts with mitochondrial protease YME1L and modulates its activity toward OMA1 and OPA1 cleavage. These data establish FAM210A as a key regulator of mitochondrial cristae remodeling in BAT and shed light on the mechanism underlying mitochondrial plasticity in response to cold.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiamin Qiu
- Department of Animal Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
| | - Feng Yue
- Department of Animal Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA.
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA.
| | - Peipei Zhu
- Department of Biochemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
| | - Jingjuan Chen
- Department of Animal Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
| | - Fan Xu
- Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
| | - Lijia Zhang
- Department of Animal Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
| | - Kun Ho Kim
- Department of Animal Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
| | - Madigan M Snyder
- Department of Animal Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
- Department of Biological Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
| | - Nanjian Luo
- Department of Animal Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
| | - Hao-Wei Xu
- Department of Animal Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
| | - Fang Huang
- Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
| | - W Andy Tao
- Department of Biochemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
- Purdue University Institute for Cancer Research, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
| | - Shihuan Kuang
- Department of Animal Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA.
- Purdue University Institute for Cancer Research, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA.
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11
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Kohler A, Carlström A, Nolte H, Kohler V, Jung SJ, Sridhara S, Tatsuta T, Berndtsson J, Langer T, Ott M. Early fate decision for mitochondrially encoded proteins by a molecular triage. Mol Cell 2023; 83:3470-3484.e8. [PMID: 37751741 DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2023.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Revised: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023]
Abstract
Folding of newly synthesized proteins poses challenges for a functional proteome. Dedicated protein quality control (PQC) systems either promote the folding of nascent polypeptides at ribosomes or, if this fails, ensure their degradation. Although well studied for cytosolic protein biogenesis, it is not understood how these processes work for mitochondrially encoded proteins, key subunits of the oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) system. Here, we identify dedicated hubs in proximity to mitoribosomal tunnel exits coordinating mitochondrial protein biogenesis and quality control. Conserved prohibitin (PHB)/m-AAA protease supercomplexes and the availability of assembly chaperones determine the fate of newly synthesized proteins by molecular triaging. The localization of these competing activities in the vicinity of the mitoribosomal tunnel exit allows for a prompt decision on whether newly synthesized proteins are fed into OXPHOS assembly or are degraded.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Kohler
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Stockholm University, 106 91 Stockholm, Sweden; Institute of Molecular Biosciences, University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Andreas Carlström
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Stockholm University, 106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Hendrik Nolte
- Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Verena Kohler
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria; Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute, Stockholm University, 106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Sung-Jun Jung
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Cell Biology, University of Gothenburg, 405 30 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Sagar Sridhara
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Cell Biology, University of Gothenburg, 405 30 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Takashi Tatsuta
- Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Jens Berndtsson
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Stockholm University, 106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Thomas Langer
- Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, 50931 Cologne, Germany; Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany.
| | - Martin Ott
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Stockholm University, 106 91 Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Medical Biochemistry and Cell Biology, University of Gothenburg, 405 30 Gothenburg, Sweden.
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12
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Huang D, Chen S, Xiong D, Wang H, Zhu L, Wei Y, Li Y, Zou S. Mitochondrial Dynamics: Working with the Cytoskeleton and Intracellular Organelles to Mediate Mechanotransduction. Aging Dis 2023; 14:1511-1532. [PMID: 37196113 PMCID: PMC10529762 DOI: 10.14336/ad.2023.0201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 05/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Cells are constantly exposed to various mechanical environments; therefore, it is important that they are able to sense and adapt to changes. It is known that the cytoskeleton plays a critical role in mediating and generating extra- and intracellular forces and that mitochondrial dynamics are crucial for maintaining energy homeostasis. Nevertheless, the mechanisms by which cells integrate mechanosensing, mechanotransduction, and metabolic reprogramming remain poorly understood. In this review, we first discuss the interaction between mitochondrial dynamics and cytoskeletal components, followed by the annotation of membranous organelles intimately related to mitochondrial dynamic events. Finally, we discuss the evidence supporting the participation of mitochondria in mechanotransduction and corresponding alterations in cellular energy conditions. Notable advances in bioenergetics and biomechanics suggest that the mechanotransduction system composed of mitochondria, the cytoskeletal system, and membranous organelles is regulated through mitochondrial dynamics, which may be a promising target for further investigation and precision therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Yuyu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Shujuan Zou
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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13
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Li L, Long J, Mise K, Poungavrin N, Lorenzi PL, Mahmud I, Tan L, Saha PK, Kanwar YS, Chang BH, Danesh FR. The transcription factor ChREBP links mitochondrial lipidomes to mitochondrial morphology and progression of diabetic kidney disease. J Biol Chem 2023; 299:105185. [PMID: 37611830 PMCID: PMC10506103 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2023.105185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Revised: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023] Open
Abstract
A substantial body of evidence has established the contributions of both mitochondrial dynamics and lipid metabolism to the pathogenesis of diabetic kidney disease (DKD). However, the precise interplay between these two key metabolic regulators of DKD is not fully understood. Here, we uncover a link between mitochondrial dynamics and lipid metabolism by investigating the role of carbohydrate-response element-binding protein (ChREBP), a glucose-responsive transcription factor and a master regulator of lipogenesis, in kidney podocytes. We find that inducible podocyte-specific knockdown of ChREBP in diabetic db/db mice improves key biochemical and histological features of DKD in addition to significantly reducing mitochondrial fragmentation. Because of the critical role of ChREBP in lipid metabolism, we interrogated whether and how mitochondrial lipidomes play a role in ChREBP-mediated mitochondrial fission. Our findings suggest a key role for a family of ether phospholipids in ChREBP-induced mitochondrial remodeling. We find that overexpression of glyceronephosphate O-acyltransferase, a critical enzyme in the biosynthesis of plasmalogens, reverses the protective phenotype of ChREBP deficiency on mitochondrial fragmentation. Finally, our data also points to Gnpat as a direct transcriptional target of ChREBP. Taken together, our results uncover a distinct mitochondrial lipid signature as the link between ChREBP-induced mitochondrial dynamics and progression of DKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Li
- Section of Nephrology, Division of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA; Department of Nephrology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jianyin Long
- Section of Nephrology, Division of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Koki Mise
- Section of Nephrology, Division of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA; Department of Nephrology, Rheumatology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Naravat Poungavrin
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Philip L Lorenzi
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Iqbal Mahmud
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Lin Tan
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Pradip K Saha
- Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology & Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Diabetes Research Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Yashpal S Kanwar
- Department of Pathology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Benny H Chang
- Section of Nephrology, Division of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Farhad R Danesh
- Section of Nephrology, Division of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA; Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA.
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14
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Anderson AJ, Crameri JJ, Ang C, Malcolm TR, Kang Y, Baker MJ, Palmer CS, Sharpe AJ, Formosa LE, Ganio K, Baker MJ, McDevitt CA, Ryan MT, Maher MJ, Stojanovski D. Human Tim8a, Tim8b and Tim13 are auxiliary assembly factors of mature Complex IV. EMBO Rep 2023; 24:e56430. [PMID: 37272231 PMCID: PMC10398661 DOI: 10.15252/embr.202256430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Revised: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Human Tim8a and Tim8b are paralogous intermembrane space proteins of the small TIM chaperone family. Yeast small TIMs function in the trafficking of proteins to the outer and inner mitochondrial membranes. This putative import function for hTim8a and hTim8b has been challenged in human models, but their precise molecular function(s) remains undefined. Likewise, the necessity for human cells to encode two Tim8 proteins and whether any potential redundancy exists is unclear. We demonstrate that hTim8a and hTim8b function in the assembly of cytochrome c oxidase (Complex IV). Using affinity enrichment mass spectrometry, we define the interaction network of hTim8a, hTim8b and hTim13, identifying subunits and assembly factors of the Complex IV COX2 module. hTim8-deficient cells have a COX2 and COX3 module defect and exhibit an accumulation of the Complex IV S2 subcomplex. These data suggest that hTim8a and hTim8b function in assembly of Complex IV via interactions with intermediate-assembly subcomplexes. We propose that hTim8-hTim13 complexes are auxiliary assembly factors involved in the formation of the Complex IV S3 subcomplex during assembly of mature Complex IV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander J Anderson
- Department of Biochemistry and PharmacologyThe University of MelbourneParkvilleVicAustralia
- The Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology InstituteThe University of MelbourneParkvilleVicAustralia
| | - Jordan J Crameri
- Department of Biochemistry and PharmacologyThe University of MelbourneParkvilleVicAustralia
- The Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology InstituteThe University of MelbourneParkvilleVicAustralia
| | - Ching‐Seng Ang
- The Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology InstituteThe University of MelbourneParkvilleVicAustralia
| | - Tess R Malcolm
- The Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology InstituteThe University of MelbourneParkvilleVicAustralia
- School of ChemistryThe University of MelbourneParkvilleVicAustralia
| | - Yilin Kang
- Department of Biochemistry and PharmacologyThe University of MelbourneParkvilleVicAustralia
- The Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology InstituteThe University of MelbourneParkvilleVicAustralia
| | - Megan J Baker
- Department of Biochemistry and PharmacologyThe University of MelbourneParkvilleVicAustralia
- The Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology InstituteThe University of MelbourneParkvilleVicAustralia
| | - Catherine S Palmer
- Department of Biochemistry and PharmacologyThe University of MelbourneParkvilleVicAustralia
- The Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology InstituteThe University of MelbourneParkvilleVicAustralia
| | - Alice J Sharpe
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash Biomedicine Discovery InstituteMonash UniversityClaytonVicAustralia
| | - Luke E Formosa
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash Biomedicine Discovery InstituteMonash UniversityClaytonVicAustralia
| | - Katherine Ganio
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and ImmunityThe University of MelbourneParkvilleVicAustralia
| | - Michael J Baker
- Department of Biochemistry and PharmacologyThe University of MelbourneParkvilleVicAustralia
- The Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology InstituteThe University of MelbourneParkvilleVicAustralia
| | - Christopher A McDevitt
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and ImmunityThe University of MelbourneParkvilleVicAustralia
| | - Michael T Ryan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash Biomedicine Discovery InstituteMonash UniversityClaytonVicAustralia
| | - Megan J Maher
- The Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology InstituteThe University of MelbourneParkvilleVicAustralia
- School of ChemistryThe University of MelbourneParkvilleVicAustralia
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, La Trobe Institute for Molecular ScienceLa Trobe UniversityBundooraVicAustralia
| | - Diana Stojanovski
- Department of Biochemistry and PharmacologyThe University of MelbourneParkvilleVicAustralia
- The Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology InstituteThe University of MelbourneParkvilleVicAustralia
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15
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Perea V, Cole C, Lebeau J, Dolina V, Baron KR, Madhavan A, Kelly JW, Grotjahn DA, Wiseman RL. PERK signaling promotes mitochondrial elongation by remodeling membrane phosphatidic acid. EMBO J 2023; 42:e113908. [PMID: 37306086 PMCID: PMC10390871 DOI: 10.15252/embj.2023113908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and mitochondrial dysfunction are linked in the onset and pathogenesis of numerous diseases. This has led to considerable interest in defining the mechanisms responsible for regulating mitochondria during ER stress. The PERK signaling arm of the unfolded protein response (UPR) has emerged as a prominent ER stress-responsive signaling pathway that regulates diverse aspects of mitochondrial biology. Here, we show that PERK activity promotes adaptive remodeling of mitochondrial membrane phosphatidic acid (PA) to induce protective mitochondrial elongation during acute ER stress. We find that PERK activity is required for ER stress-dependent increases in both cellular PA and YME1L-dependent degradation of the intramitochondrial PA transporter PRELID1. These two processes lead to the accumulation of PA on the outer mitochondrial membrane where it can induce mitochondrial elongation by inhibiting mitochondrial fission. Our results establish a new role for PERK in the adaptive remodeling of mitochondrial phospholipids and demonstrate that PERK-dependent PA regulation adapts organellar shape in response to ER stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valerie Perea
- Department of Molecular MedicineScripps ResearchLa JollaCAUSA
| | | | - Justine Lebeau
- Department of Molecular MedicineScripps ResearchLa JollaCAUSA
| | - Vivian Dolina
- Department of Molecular MedicineScripps ResearchLa JollaCAUSA
| | - Kelsey R Baron
- Department of Molecular MedicineScripps ResearchLa JollaCAUSA
| | | | - Jeffery W Kelly
- Department of ChemistryScripps ResearchLa JollaCAUSA
- Skaggs Institute for Chemical BiologyScripps ResearchLa JollaCAUSA
| | - Danielle A Grotjahn
- Department of Integrative, Structural, and Computational BiologyScripps ResearchLa JollaCAUSA
| | - R Luke Wiseman
- Department of Molecular MedicineScripps ResearchLa JollaCAUSA
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16
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Peker E, Weiss K, Song J, Zarges C, Gerlich S, Boehm V, Trifunovic A, Langer T, Gehring NH, Becker T, Riemer J. A two-step mitochondrial import pathway couples the disulfide relay with matrix complex I biogenesis. J Cell Biol 2023; 222:e202210019. [PMID: 37159021 PMCID: PMC10174193 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.202210019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Revised: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria critically rely on protein import and its tight regulation. Here, we found that the complex I assembly factor NDUFAF8 follows a two-step import pathway linking IMS and matrix import systems. A weak targeting sequence drives TIM23-dependent NDUFAF8 matrix import, and en route, allows exposure to the IMS disulfide relay, which oxidizes NDUFAF8. Import is closely surveyed by proteases: YME1L prevents accumulation of excess NDUFAF8 in the IMS, while CLPP degrades reduced NDUFAF8 in the matrix. Therefore, NDUFAF8 can only fulfil its function in complex I biogenesis if both oxidation in the IMS and subsequent matrix import work efficiently. We propose that the two-step import pathway for NDUFAF8 allows integration of the activity of matrix complex I biogenesis pathways with the activity of the mitochondrial disulfide relay system in the IMS. Such coordination might not be limited to NDUFAF8 as we identified further proteins that can follow such a two-step import pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esra Peker
- Institute for Biochemistry, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Konstantin Weiss
- Institute for Biochemistry, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Jiyao Song
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical Faculty, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Christine Zarges
- Institute for Biochemistry, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Sarah Gerlich
- Institute for Biochemistry, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Volker Boehm
- Institute for Genetics, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Aleksandra Trifunovic
- Institute for Mitochondrial Diseases and Aging, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Center for Molecular Medicine, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Thomas Langer
- Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Center for Molecular Medicine, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Department of Mitochondrial Proteostasis, Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, Cologne, Germany
| | - Niels H. Gehring
- Institute for Genetics, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Center for Molecular Medicine, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Thomas Becker
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical Faculty, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Jan Riemer
- Institute for Biochemistry, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
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17
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Stefano GB, Büttiker P, Weissenberger S, Esch T, Anders M, Raboch J, Kream RM, Ptacek R. Independent and sensory human mitochondrial functions reflecting symbiotic evolution. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2023; 13:1130197. [PMID: 37389212 PMCID: PMC10302212 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2023.1130197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 07/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The bacterial origin of mitochondria has been a widely accepted as an event that occurred about 1.45 billion years ago and endowed cells with internal energy producing organelle. Thus, mitochondria have traditionally been viewed as subcellular organelle as any other - fully functionally dependent on the cell it is a part of. However, recent studies have given us evidence that mitochondria are more functionally independent than other organelles, as they can function outside the cells, engage in complex "social" interactions, and communicate with each other as well as other cellular components, bacteria and viruses. Furthermore, mitochondria move, assemble and organize upon sensing different environmental cues, using a process akin to bacterial quorum sensing. Therefore, taking all these lines of evidence into account we hypothesize that mitochondria need to be viewed and studied from a perspective of a more functionally independent entity. This view of mitochondria may lead to new insights into their biological function, and inform new strategies for treatment of disease associated with mitochondrial dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- George B. Stefano
- Department of Psychiatry, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Prague, Czechia
| | - Pascal Büttiker
- Department of Psychiatry, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Prague, Czechia
| | | | - Tobias Esch
- Institute for Integrative Health Care and Health Promotion, School of Medicine, Witten/Herdecke University, Witten, Germany
| | - Martin Anders
- Department of Psychiatry, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Prague, Czechia
| | - Jiri Raboch
- Department of Psychiatry, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Prague, Czechia
| | - Richard M. Kream
- Department of Psychiatry, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Prague, Czechia
| | - Radek Ptacek
- Department of Psychiatry, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Prague, Czechia
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18
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De Mario A, D'Angelo D, Zanotti G, Raffaello A, Mammucari C. The mitochondrial calcium uniporter complex–A play in five acts. Cell Calcium 2023; 112:102720. [PMID: 37001308 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceca.2023.102720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Revised: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondrial Ca2+ (mitCa2+) uptake controls both intraorganellar and cytosolic functions. Within the organelle, [Ca2+] increases regulate the activity of tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle enzymes, thus sustaining oxidative metabolism and ATP production. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are also generated as side products of oxygen consumption. At the same time, mitochondria act as buffers of cytosolic Ca2+ (cytCa2+) increases, thus regulating Ca2+-dependent cellular processes. In pathological conditions, mitCa2+ overload triggers the opening of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP) and the release of apoptotic cofactors. MitCa2+ uptake occurs in response of local [Ca2+] increases in sites of proximity between the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and the mitochondria and is mediated by the mitochondrial Ca2+ uniporter (MCU), a highly selective channel of the inner mitochondrial membrane (IMM). Both channel and regulatory subunits form the MCU complex (MCUC). Cryogenic electron microscopy (Cryo-EM) and crystal structures revealed the correct assembly of MCUC and the function of critical residues for the regulation of Ca2+ conductance.
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19
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Khalimonchuk O, Becker DF. Molecular Determinants of Mitochondrial Shape and Function and Their Role in Glaucoma. Antioxid Redox Signal 2023; 38:896-919. [PMID: 36301938 PMCID: PMC10171965 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2022.0124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Revised: 10/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Significance: Cells depend on well-functioning mitochondria for essential processes such as energy production, redox signaling, coordination of metabolic pathways, and cofactor biosynthesis. Mitochondrial dysfunction, metabolic decline, and protein stress have been implicated in the etiology of multiple late-onset diseases, including various ataxias, diabetes, sarcopenia, neuromuscular disorders, and neurodegenerative diseases such as parkinsonism, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, and glaucoma. Recent Advances: New evidence supports that increased energy metabolism protects neuron function during aging. Key energy metabolic enzymes, however, are susceptible to oxidative damage making it imperative that the mitochondrial proteome is protected. More than 40 different enzymes have been identified as important factors for guarding mitochondrial health and maintaining a dynamic pool of mitochondria. Critical Issues: Understanding shared mechanisms of age-related disorders of neurodegenerative diseases such as glaucoma, Alzheimer's disease, and Parkinson's disease is important for developing new therapies. Functional mitochondrial shape and dynamics rely on complex interactions between mitochondrial proteases and membrane proteins. Identifying the sequence of molecular events that lead to mitochondrial dysfunction and metabolic stress is a major challenge. Future Directions: A critical need exists for new strategies that reduce mitochondrial protein stress and promote mitochondrial dynamics in age-related neurological disorders. Discovering how mitochondria-associated degradation is related to proteostatic mechanisms in mitochondrial compartments may reveal new opportunities for therapeutic interventions. Also, little is known about how protein and membrane contacts in the inner and outer mitochondrial membrane are regulated, even though they are pivotal for mitochondrial architecture. Future work will need to delineate the molecular details of these processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oleh Khalimonchuk
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Nebraska–Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Nebraska Redox Biology Center, University of Nebraska–Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska, USA
- Fred & Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, Omaha, Nebraska, USA
| | - Donald F. Becker
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Nebraska–Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Nebraska Redox Biology Center, University of Nebraska–Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska, USA
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20
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Rivera-Mejías P, Narbona-Pérez ÁJ, Hasberg L, Kroczek L, Bahat A, Lawo S, Folz-Donahue K, Schumacher AL, Ahola S, Mayer FC, Giavalisco P, Nolte H, Lavandero S, Langer T. The mitochondrial protease OMA1 acts as a metabolic safeguard upon nuclear DNA damage. Cell Rep 2023; 42:112332. [PMID: 37002921 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.112332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Revised: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The metabolic plasticity of mitochondria ensures cell development, differentiation, and survival. The peptidase OMA1 regulates mitochondrial morphology via OPA1 and stress signaling via DELE1 and orchestrates tumorigenesis and cell survival in a cell- and tissue-specific manner. Here, we use unbiased systems-based approaches to show that OMA1-dependent cell survival depends on metabolic cues. A metabolism-focused CRISPR screen combined with an integrated analysis of human gene expression data found that OMA1 protects against DNA damage. Nucleotide deficiencies induced by chemotherapeutic agents promote p53-dependent apoptosis of cells lacking OMA1. The protective effect of OMA1 does not depend on OMA1 activation or OMA1-mediated OPA1 and DELE1 processing. OMA1-deficient cells show reduced glycolysis and accumulate oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) proteins upon DNA damage. OXPHOS inhibition restores glycolysis and confers resistance against DNA damage. Thus, OMA1 dictates the balance between cell death and survival through the control of glucose metabolism, shedding light on its role in cancerogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Rivera-Mejías
- Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, 50931 Cologne, Germany; Center for Advanced Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Faculty of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences & Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago 8380492, Chile
| | | | - Lidwina Hasberg
- Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Lara Kroczek
- Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Amir Bahat
- Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Steffen Lawo
- Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Kat Folz-Donahue
- Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | | | - Sofia Ahola
- Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | | | | | - Hendrik Nolte
- Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Sergio Lavandero
- Center for Advanced Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Faculty of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences & Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago 8380492, Chile; Cardiology Division, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390-8573, USA
| | - Thomas Langer
- Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, 50931 Cologne, Germany; Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany.
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21
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Liu Z, Lei J, Wu T, Hu W, Zheng M, Wang Y, Song J, Ruan H, Xu L, Ren T, Xu W, Wen Z. Lipogenesis promotes mitochondrial fusion and maintains cancer stemness in human NSCLC. JCI Insight 2023; 8:158429. [PMID: 36809297 PMCID: PMC10070109 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.158429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 02/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer stem-like cells (CSCs) are critically involved in cancer metastasis and chemoresistance, acting as one major obstacle in clinical practice. While accumulating studies have implicated the metabolic reprogramming of CSCs, mitochondrial dynamics in such cells remain poorly understood. Here we pinpointed OPA1hi with mitochondrial fusion as a metabolic feature of human lung CSCs, licensing their stem-like properties. Specifically, human lung CSCs exerted enhanced lipogenesis, inducing OPA1 expression via transcription factor SAM Pointed Domain containing ETS transcription Factor (SPDEF). In consequence, OPA1hi promoted mitochondrial fusion and stemness of CSCs. Such lipogenesishi, SPDEFhi, and OPA1hi metabolic adaptions were verified with primary CSCs from lung cancer patients. Accordingly, blocking lipogenesis and mitochondrial fusion efficiently impeded CSC expansion and growth of organoids derived from patients with lung cancer. Together, lipogenesis regulates mitochondrial dynamics via OPA1 for controlling CSCs in human lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Institutes of Biology and Medical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jiaxin Lei
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Institutes of Biology and Medical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Tong Wu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Institutes of Biology and Medical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Weijie Hu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Institutes of Biology and Medical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ming Zheng
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Institutes of Biology and Medical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ying Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Institutes of Biology and Medical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jingdong Song
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Hang Ruan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Institutes of Biology and Medical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lin Xu
- Department of Immunology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
- Special Key Laboratory of Gene Detection & Therapy of Guizhou Province, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Tao Ren
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Xu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Institutes of Biology and Medical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhenke Wen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Institutes of Biology and Medical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
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22
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Dong J, Liu J, Zhang B, Liang C, Hua J, Meng Q, Wei M, Wang W, Yu X, Xu J. Mitochondria-Related Transcriptome Characterization Associated with the Immune Microenvironment, Therapeutic Response and Survival Prediction in Pancreatic Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24043270. [PMID: 36834681 PMCID: PMC9966003 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24043270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2022] [Revised: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Pancreatic cancer (PC) is one of the most lethal tumors. Mitochondrial dysfunction has been reported to be involved in cancer development; however, its role in PC has remained unclear. (2) Methods: The differentially expressed NMGs were selected between PC and normal pancreatic tissue. The NMG-related prognostic signature was established by LASSO regression. A nomogram was developed based on the 12-gene signature combined with other significant pathological features. An extensive analysis of the 12 critical NMGs was performed in multiple dimensions. The expression of some key genes was verified in our external cohort. (3) Results: Mitochondria-related transcriptome features was obviously altered in PC compared with normal pancreas tissue. The 12-NMG signature showed good performance in predicting prognosis in various cohorts. The high- and low-risk groups exhibited notable diversity in gene mutation characteristics, biological characteristics, chemotherapy response, and the tumor immune microenvironment. Critical gene expression was demonstrated in our cohort at the mRNA and protein levels and in organelle localization. (4) Conclusions: Our study analyzed the mitochondrial molecular characterization of PC, proving the crucial role of NMGs in PC development. The established NMG signature helps classify patient subtypes in terms of prognosis prediction, treatment response, immunological features, and biological function, providing a potential therapeutic strategy targeting mitochondrial transcriptome characterization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Dong
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Shanghai Cancer Centre, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
- Shanghai Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Shanghai 200032, China
- Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Jiang Liu
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Shanghai Cancer Centre, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
- Shanghai Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Shanghai 200032, China
- Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Bo Zhang
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Shanghai Cancer Centre, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
- Shanghai Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Shanghai 200032, China
- Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Chen Liang
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Shanghai Cancer Centre, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
- Shanghai Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Shanghai 200032, China
- Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Jie Hua
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Shanghai Cancer Centre, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
- Shanghai Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Shanghai 200032, China
- Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Qingcai Meng
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Shanghai Cancer Centre, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
- Shanghai Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Shanghai 200032, China
- Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Miaoyan Wei
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Shanghai Cancer Centre, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
- Shanghai Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Shanghai 200032, China
- Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Shanghai Cancer Centre, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
- Shanghai Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Shanghai 200032, China
- Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Xianjun Yu
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Shanghai Cancer Centre, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
- Shanghai Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Shanghai 200032, China
- Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
- Correspondence: (X.Y.); (J.X.)
| | - Jin Xu
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Shanghai Cancer Centre, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
- Shanghai Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Shanghai 200032, China
- Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
- Correspondence: (X.Y.); (J.X.)
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23
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Collier JJ, Oláhová M, McWilliams TG, Taylor RW. Mitochondrial signalling and homeostasis: from cell biology to neurological disease. Trends Neurosci 2023; 46:137-152. [PMID: 36635110 DOI: 10.1016/j.tins.2022.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Revised: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Efforts to understand how mitochondrial dysfunction contributes to neurodegeneration have primarily focussed on the role of mitochondria in neuronal energy metabolism. However, progress in understanding the etiological nature of emerging mitochondrial functions has yielded new ideas about the mitochondrial basis of neurological disease. Studies aimed at deciphering how mitochondria signal through interorganellar contacts, vesicular trafficking, and metabolic transmission have revealed that mitochondrial regulation of immunometabolism, cell death, organelle dynamics, and neuroimmune interplay are critical determinants of neural health. Moreover, the homeostatic mechanisms that exist to protect mitochondrial health through turnover via nanoscale proteostasis and lysosomal degradation have become integrated within mitochondrial signalling pathways to support metabolic plasticity and stress responses in the nervous system. This review highlights how these distinct mitochondrial pathways converge to influence neurological health and contribute to disease pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jack J Collier
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.
| | - Monika Oláhová
- Wellcome Centre for Mitochondrial Research, Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Thomas G McWilliams
- Translational Stem Cell Biology & Metabolism Program, Research Programs Unit, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland; Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Robert W Taylor
- Wellcome Centre for Mitochondrial Research, Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK; NHS Highly Specialised Service for Rare Mitochondrial Disorders of Adults and Children, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.
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24
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Li Q, Hoppe T. Role of amino acid metabolism in mitochondrial homeostasis. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1127618. [PMID: 36923249 PMCID: PMC10008872 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1127618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria are central hubs for energy production, metabolism and cellular signal transduction in eukaryotic cells. Maintenance of mitochondrial homeostasis is important for cellular function and survival. In particular, cellular metabolic state is in constant communication with mitochondrial homeostasis. One of the most important metabolic processes that provide energy in the cell is amino acid metabolism. Almost all of the 20 amino acids that serve as the building blocks of proteins are produced or degraded in the mitochondria. The synthesis of the amino acids aspartate and arginine depends on the activity of the respiratory chain, which is essential for cell proliferation. The degradation of branched-chain amino acids mainly occurs in the mitochondrial matrix, contributing to energy metabolism, mitochondrial biogenesis, as well as protein quality control in both mitochondria and cytosol. Dietary supplementation or restriction of amino acids in worms, flies and mice modulates lifespan and health, which has been associated with changes in mitochondrial biogenesis, antioxidant response, as well as the activity of tricarboxylic acid cycle and respiratory chain. Consequently, impaired amino acid metabolism has been associated with both primary mitochondrial diseases and diseases with mitochondrial dysfunction such as cancer. Here, we present recent observations on the crosstalk between amino acid metabolism and mitochondrial homeostasis, summarise the underlying molecular mechanisms to date, and discuss their role in cellular functions and organismal physiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiaochu Li
- Institute for Genetics and Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Thorsten Hoppe
- Institute for Genetics and Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
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25
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Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1 and Mitochondria: An Intimate Connection. Biomolecules 2022; 13:biom13010050. [PMID: 36671435 PMCID: PMC9855368 DOI: 10.3390/biom13010050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Revised: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The general objective of the review is to explain the interaction between HIF-1 and mitochondria. On the one hand, this review describes the effects of HIF-1 on mitochondrial structure, including quantity, distribution, and morphology, as well as on mitochondrial metabolism and respiratory function. On the other hand, various factors, including mitochondrial activation of enzymes, the respiratory chain, complex and decoupling proteins, affect the stability and activity of HIF-1. It is possible to develop future molecular therapeutic interventions by understanding the interrelationships between HIF-1 and mitochondria.
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26
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Bennett CF, Latorre-Muro P, Puigserver P. Mechanisms of mitochondrial respiratory adaptation. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 2022; 23:817-835. [PMID: 35804199 PMCID: PMC9926497 DOI: 10.1038/s41580-022-00506-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondrial energetic adaptations encompass a plethora of conserved processes that maintain cell and organismal fitness and survival in the changing environment by adjusting the respiratory capacity of mitochondria. These mitochondrial responses are governed by general principles of regulatory biology exemplified by changes in gene expression, protein translation, protein complex formation, transmembrane transport, enzymatic activities and metabolite levels. These changes can promote mitochondrial biogenesis and membrane dynamics that in turn support mitochondrial respiration. The main regulatory components of mitochondrial energetic adaptation include: the transcription coactivator peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ (PPARγ) coactivator 1α (PGC1α) and associated transcription factors; mTOR and endoplasmic reticulum stress signalling; TOM70-dependent mitochondrial protein import; the cristae remodelling factors, including mitochondrial contact site and cristae organizing system (MICOS) and OPA1; lipid remodelling; and the assembly and metabolite-dependent regulation of respiratory complexes. These adaptive molecular and structural mechanisms increase respiration to maintain basic processes specific to cell types and tissues. Failure to execute these regulatory responses causes cell damage and inflammation or senescence, compromising cell survival and the ability to adapt to energetically demanding conditions. Thus, mitochondrial adaptive cellular processes are important for physiological responses, including to nutrient availability, temperature and physical activity, and their failure leads to diseases associated with mitochondrial dysfunction such as metabolic and age-associated diseases and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher F Bennett
- Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Pedro Latorre-Muro
- Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Pere Puigserver
- Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA.
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27
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Bussi C, Heunis T, Pellegrino E, Bernard EM, Bah N, Dos Santos MS, Santucci P, Aylan B, Rodgers A, Fearns A, Mitschke J, Moore C, MacRae JI, Greco M, Reinheckel T, Trost M, Gutierrez MG. Lysosomal damage drives mitochondrial proteome remodelling and reprograms macrophage immunometabolism. Nat Commun 2022; 13:7338. [PMID: 36443305 PMCID: PMC9705561 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-34632-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Transient lysosomal damage after infection with cytosolic pathogens or silica crystals uptake results in protease leakage. Whether limited leakage of lysosomal contents into the cytosol affects the function of cytoplasmic organelles is unknown. Here, we show that sterile and non-sterile lysosomal damage triggers a cell death independent proteolytic remodelling of the mitochondrial proteome in macrophages. Mitochondrial metabolic reprogramming required leakage of lysosomal cathepsins and was independent of mitophagy, mitoproteases and proteasome degradation. In an in vivo mouse model of endomembrane damage, live lung macrophages that internalised crystals displayed impaired mitochondrial function. Single-cell RNA-sequencing revealed that lysosomal damage skewed metabolic and immune responses in alveolar macrophages subsets with increased lysosomal content. Functionally, drug modulation of macrophage metabolism impacted host responses to Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection in an endomembrane damage dependent way. This work uncovers an inter-organelle communication pathway, providing a general mechanism by which macrophages undergo mitochondrial metabolic reprograming after endomembrane damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudio Bussi
- grid.451388.30000 0004 1795 1830The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | - Tiaan Heunis
- grid.1006.70000 0001 0462 7212Biosciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle, UK ,grid.4991.50000 0004 1936 8948Present Address: Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Enrica Pellegrino
- grid.451388.30000 0004 1795 1830The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | - Elliott M. Bernard
- grid.451388.30000 0004 1795 1830The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK ,grid.9851.50000 0001 2165 4204Present Address: Department of Biochemistry, University of Lausanne, Epalinges, Switzerland
| | - Nourdine Bah
- grid.451388.30000 0004 1795 1830The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | | | - Pierre Santucci
- grid.451388.30000 0004 1795 1830The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK ,grid.5399.60000 0001 2176 4817Present Address: Aix-Marseille Univ, CNRS, LISM, IMM FR3479, Marseille, France
| | - Beren Aylan
- grid.451388.30000 0004 1795 1830The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | - Angela Rodgers
- grid.451388.30000 0004 1795 1830The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | - Antony Fearns
- grid.451388.30000 0004 1795 1830The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | - Julia Mitschke
- grid.5963.9Institute for Molecular Medicine and Cell Research, Medical Faculty, Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany ,grid.7497.d0000 0004 0492 0584German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Christopher Moore
- grid.451388.30000 0004 1795 1830The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | - James I. MacRae
- grid.451388.30000 0004 1795 1830The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | - Maria Greco
- grid.451388.30000 0004 1795 1830The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK ,grid.4991.50000 0004 1936 8948Present Address: Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Thomas Reinheckel
- grid.5963.9Institute for Molecular Medicine and Cell Research, Medical Faculty, Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany ,grid.7497.d0000 0004 0492 0584German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany ,grid.5963.9Signalling Research Centres BIOSS and CIBSS, Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Matthias Trost
- grid.1006.70000 0001 0462 7212Biosciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle, UK
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28
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Purandare N, Kunji Y, Xi Y, Romero R, Gomez-Lopez N, Fribley A, Grossman LI, Aras S. Lipopolysaccharide induces placental mitochondrial dysfunction in murine and human systems by reducing MNRR1 levels via a TLR4-independent pathway. iScience 2022; 25:105342. [PMID: 36339251 PMCID: PMC9633742 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2022.105342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Revised: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria play a key role in placental growth and development, and mitochondrial dysfunction is associated with inflammation in pregnancy pathologies. However, the mechanisms whereby placental mitochondria sense inflammatory signals are unknown. Mitochondrial nuclear retrograde regulator 1 (MNRR1) is a bi-organellar protein responsible for mitochondrial function, including optimal induction of cellular stress-responsive signaling pathways. Here, in a lipopolysaccharide-induced model of systemic placental inflammation, we show that MNRR1 levels are reduced both in mouse placental tissues in vivo and in human trophoblastic cell lines in vitro. MNRR1 reduction is associated with mitochondrial dysfunction, enhanced oxidative stress, and activation of pro-inflammatory signaling. Mechanistically, we uncover a non-conventional pathway independent of Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) that results in ATM kinase-dependent threonine phosphorylation that stabilizes mitochondrial protease YME1L1, which targets MNRR1. Enhancing MNRR1 levels abrogates the bioenergetic defect and induces an anti-inflammatory phenotype. We therefore propose MNRR1 as an anti-inflammatory therapeutic in placental inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neeraja Purandare
- Perinatology Research Branch, Division of Obstetrics and Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Division of Intramural Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (NICHD/NIH/DHHS), Bethesda, MD 20892, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
- Center for Molecular Medicine and Genetics, Wayne State University; Detroit, MI 48201, USA
| | - Yusef Kunji
- Center for Molecular Medicine and Genetics, Wayne State University; Detroit, MI 48201, USA
| | - Yue Xi
- Department of Pediatrics, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
| | - Roberto Romero
- Perinatology Research Branch, Division of Obstetrics and Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Division of Intramural Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (NICHD/NIH/DHHS), Bethesda, MD 20892, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48104, USA
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
- Center for Molecular Medicine and Genetics, Wayne State University; Detroit, MI 48201, USA
- Detroit Medical Center, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
| | - Nardhy Gomez-Lopez
- Perinatology Research Branch, Division of Obstetrics and Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Division of Intramural Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (NICHD/NIH/DHHS), Bethesda, MD 20892, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology, and Immunology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
| | - Andrew Fribley
- Department of Pediatrics, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
| | - Lawrence I. Grossman
- Perinatology Research Branch, Division of Obstetrics and Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Division of Intramural Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (NICHD/NIH/DHHS), Bethesda, MD 20892, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
- Center for Molecular Medicine and Genetics, Wayne State University; Detroit, MI 48201, USA
| | - Siddhesh Aras
- Perinatology Research Branch, Division of Obstetrics and Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Division of Intramural Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (NICHD/NIH/DHHS), Bethesda, MD 20892, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
- Center for Molecular Medicine and Genetics, Wayne State University; Detroit, MI 48201, USA
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29
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Pareek G. AAA+ proteases: the first line of defense against mitochondrial damage. PeerJ 2022; 10:e14350. [PMID: 36389399 PMCID: PMC9648348 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.14350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 10/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria play essential cellular roles in Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) synthesis, calcium homeostasis, and metabolism, but these vital processes have potentially deadly side effects. The production of the reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the aggregation of misfolded mitochondrial proteins can lead to severe mitochondrial damage and even cell death. The accumulation of mitochondrial damage is strongly implicated in aging and several incurable diseases, including neurodegenerative disorders and cancer. To oppose this, metazoans utilize a variety of quality control strategies, including the degradation of the damaged mitochondrial proteins by the mitochondrial-resident proteases of the ATPase Associated with the diverse cellular Activities (AAA+) family. This mini-review focuses on the quality control mediated by the mitochondrial-resident proteases of the AAA+ family used to combat the accumulation of damaged mitochondria and on how the failure of this mitochondrial quality control contributes to diseases.
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30
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Liao WT, Chu PY, Su CC, Wu CC, Li CJ. Mitochondrial AAA protease gene associated with immune infiltration is a prognostic biomarker in human ovarian cancer. Pathol Res Pract 2022; 240:154215. [DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2022.154215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Revised: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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31
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Inhibition of mTOR signaling protects human glioma cells from hypoxia-induced cell death in an autophagy-independent manner. Cell Death Dis 2022; 8:409. [PMID: 36202792 PMCID: PMC9537540 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-022-01195-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Revised: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Although malignant gliomas frequently show aberrant activation of the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), mTOR inhibitors have performed poorly in clinical trials. Besides regulating cell growth and translation, mTOR controls the initiation of autophagy. By recycling cellular components, autophagy can mobilize energy resources, and has thus been attributed cancer-promoting effects. Here, we asked whether the activation of autophagy represents an escape mechanism to pharmacological mTOR inhibition in glioma cells, and explored co-treatment with mTOR and autophagy inhibitors as a therapeutic strategy. Mimicking conditions of the glioma microenvironment, glioma cells were exposed to nutrient starvation and hypoxia. We analyzed autophagic activity, cell growth, viability and oxygen consumption following (co-)treatment with the mTOR inhibitors torin2 or rapamycin, and autophagy inhibitors bafilomycin A1 or MRT68921. Changes in global proteome were quantified by mass spectrometry. In the context of hypoxia and starvation, autophagy was strongly induced in glioma cells and further increased by mTOR inhibition. While torin2 enhanced glioma cell survival, co-treatment with torin2 and bafilomycin A1 failed to promote cell death. Importantly, treatment with bafilomycin A1 alone also protected glioma cells from cell death. Mechanistically, both compounds significantly reduced cell growth and oxygen consumption. Quantitative proteomics analysis showed that bafilomycin A1 induced broad changes in the cellular proteome. More specifically, proteins downregulated by bafilomycin A1 were associated with the mitochondrial respiratory chain and ATP synthesis. Taken together, our results show that activation of autophagy does not account for the cytoprotective effects of mTOR inhibition in our in vitro model of the glioma microenvironment. Our proteomic findings suggest that the pharmacological inhibition of autophagy induces extensive changes in the cellular proteome that can support glioma cell survival under nutrient-deplete and hypoxic conditions. These findings provide a novel perspective on the complex role of autophagy in gliomas.
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32
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Chen G, Wu K, Li H, Xia D, He T. Role of hypoxia in the tumor microenvironment and targeted therapy. Front Oncol 2022; 12:961637. [PMID: 36212414 PMCID: PMC9545774 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.961637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor microenvironment (TME), which is characterized by hypoxia, widely exists in solid tumors. As a current research hotspot in the TME, hypoxia is expected to become a key element to break through the bottleneck of tumor treatment. More and more research results show that a variety of biological behaviors of tumor cells are affected by many factors in TME which are closely related to hypoxia. In order to inhibiting the immune response in TME, hypoxia plays an important role in tumor cell metabolism and anti-apoptosis. Therefore, exploring the molecular mechanism of hypoxia mediated malignant tumor behavior and therapeutic targets is expected to provide new ideas for anti-tumor therapy. In this review, we discussed the effects of hypoxia on tumor behavior and its interaction with TME from the perspectives of immune cells, cell metabolism, oxidative stress and hypoxia inducible factor (HIF), and listed the therapeutic targets or signal pathways found so far. Finally, we summarize the current therapies targeting hypoxia, such as glycolysis inhibitors, anti-angiogenesis drugs, HIF inhibitors, hypoxia-activated prodrugs, and hyperbaric medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaoqi Chen
- Department of Hepatobiliary Pancreatic Surgery, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University (Naval Medical University), Shanghai, China
| | - Kaiwen Wu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Third People’s Hospital of Chengdu, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, China
| | - Hao Li
- Deparment of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Jiang Su University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Demeng Xia
- Luodian Clinical Drug Research Center, Shanghai Baoshan Luodian Hospital, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Demeng Xia, ; Tianlin He,
| | - Tianlin He
- Department of Hepatobiliary Pancreatic Surgery, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University (Naval Medical University), Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Demeng Xia, ; Tianlin He,
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Winter JM, Yadav T, Rutter J. Stressed to death: Mitochondrial stress responses connect respiration and apoptosis in cancer. Mol Cell 2022; 82:3321-3332. [PMID: 35961309 PMCID: PMC9481690 DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2022.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Revised: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondrial energetics and respiration have emerged as important factors in how cancer cells respond to or evade apoptotic signals. The study of the functional connection between these two processes may provide insight into following questions old and new: how might we target respiration or downstream signaling pathways to amplify apoptotic stress in the context of cancer therapy? Why are respiration and apoptotic regulation housed in the same organelle? Here, we briefly review mitochondrial respiration and apoptosis and then focus on how the intersection of these two processes is regulated by cytoplasmic signaling pathways such as the integrated stress response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacob M Winter
- Department of Biochemistry, Spencer Fox Eccles School of Medicine, The University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Tarun Yadav
- Department of Biochemistry, Spencer Fox Eccles School of Medicine, The University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA; Department of Biology, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Jared Rutter
- Department of Biochemistry, Spencer Fox Eccles School of Medicine, The University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, MD, USA; Huntsman Cancer Institute, The University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA.
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Lu J, Fu S, Dai J, Hu J, Li S, Ji H, Wang Z, Yu J, Bao J, Xu B, Guo J, Yang H. Integrated metabolism and epigenetic modifications in the macrophages of mice in responses to cold stress. J Zhejiang Univ Sci B 2022; 23:461-480. [PMID: 35686526 PMCID: PMC9198231 DOI: 10.1631/jzus.b2101091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The negative effects of low temperature can readily induce a variety of diseases. We sought to understand the reasons why cold stress induces disease by studying the mechanisms of fine-tuning in macrophages following cold exposure. We found that cold stress triggers increased macrophage activation accompanied by metabolic reprogramming of aerobic glycolysis. The discovery, by genome-wide RNA sequencing, of defective mitochondria in mice macrophages following cold exposure indicated that mitochondrial defects may contribute to this process. In addition, changes in metabolism drive the differentiation of macrophages by affecting histone modifications. Finally, we showed that histone acetylation and lactylation are modulators of macrophage differentiation following cold exposure. Collectively, metabolism-related epigenetic modifications are essential for the differentiation of macrophages in cold-stressed mice, and the regulation of metabolism may be crucial for alleviating the harm induced by cold stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Lu
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing 163319, China
| | - Shoupeng Fu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Jie Dai
- Shanghai Bioprofile Co. Ltd., Shanghai 201100, China
| | - Jianwen Hu
- Shanghai Bioprofile Co. Ltd., Shanghai 201100, China
| | - Shize Li
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing 163319, China
| | - Hong Ji
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing 163319, China
| | - Zhiquan Wang
- Faculty of Agricultural, Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T5J 4P6, Canada
| | - Jiahong Yu
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing 163319, China
| | - Jiming Bao
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing 163319, China
| | - Bin Xu
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing 163319, China
| | - Jingru Guo
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing 163319, China.
| | - Huanmin Yang
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing 163319, China.
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Puente-Santamaría L, Sanchez-Gonzalez L, Ramos-Ruiz R, Del Peso L. Hypoxia classifier for transcriptome datasets. BMC Bioinformatics 2022; 23:204. [PMID: 35641902 PMCID: PMC9153107 DOI: 10.1186/s12859-022-04741-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Molecular gene signatures are useful tools to characterize the physiological state of cell populations, but most have developed under a narrow range of conditions and cell types and are often restricted to a set of gene identities. Focusing on the transcriptional response to hypoxia, we aimed to generate widely applicable classifiers sourced from the results of a meta-analysis of 69 differential expression datasets which included 425 individual RNA-seq experiments from 33 different human cell types exposed to different degrees of hypoxia (0.1–5%\documentclass[12pt]{minimal}
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\begin{document}$$\hbox {O}_{2}$$\end{document}O2) for 2–48 h. The resulting decision trees include both gene identities and quantitative boundaries, allowing for easy classification of individual samples without control or normoxic reference. Each tree is composed of 3–5 genes mostly drawn from a small set of just 8 genes (EGLN1, MIR210HG, NDRG1, ANKRD37, TCAF2, PFKFB3, BHLHE40, and MAFF). In spite of their simplicity, these classifiers achieve over 95% accuracy in cross validation and over 80% accuracy when applied to additional challenging datasets. Our results indicate that the classifiers are able to identify hypoxic tumor samples from bulk RNAseq and hypoxic regions within tumor from spatially resolved transcriptomics datasets. Moreover, application of the classifiers to histological sections from normal tissues suggest the presence of a hypoxic gene expression pattern in the kidney cortex not observed in other normoxic organs. Finally, tree classifiers described herein outperform traditional hypoxic gene signatures when compared against a wide range of datasets. This work describes a set of hypoxic gene signatures, structured as simple decision tress, that identify hypoxic samples and regions with high accuracy and can be applied to a broad variety of gene expression datasets and formats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Puente-Santamaría
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), 28029, Madrid, Spain. .,Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas "Alberto Sols" (CSIC-UAM), 28029, Madrid, Spain. .,Genomics Unit Cantoblanco, Fundación Parque Científico de Madrid, C/ Faraday 7, 28049, Madrid, Spain.
| | | | - Ricardo Ramos-Ruiz
- Genomics Unit Cantoblanco, Fundación Parque Científico de Madrid, C/ Faraday 7, 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - Luis Del Peso
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), 28029, Madrid, Spain.,Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas "Alberto Sols" (CSIC-UAM), 28029, Madrid, Spain.,IdiPaz, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Universitario La Paz, 28029, Madrid, Spain.,CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029, Madrid, Spain.,Unidad Asociada de Biomedicina CSIC-UCLM, 02006, Albacete, Spain
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Chen P, Liu Y, Liu W, Wang Y, Liu Z, Rong M. Impact of High-Altitude Hypoxia on Bone Defect Repair: A Review of Molecular Mechanisms and Therapeutic Implications. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 9:842800. [PMID: 35620712 PMCID: PMC9127390 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.842800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2021] [Accepted: 04/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Reaching areas at altitudes over 2,500–3,000 m above sea level has become increasingly common due to commerce, military deployment, tourism, and entertainment. The high-altitude environment exerts systemic effects on humans that represent a series of compensatory reactions and affects the activity of bone cells. Cellular structures closely related to oxygen-sensing produce corresponding functional changes, resulting in decreased tissue vascularization, declined repair ability of bone defects, and longer healing time. This review focuses on the impact of high-altitude hypoxia on bone defect repair and discusses the possible mechanisms related to ion channels, reactive oxygen species production, mitochondrial function, autophagy, and epigenetics. Based on the key pathogenic mechanisms, potential therapeutic strategies have also been suggested. This review contributes novel insights into the mechanisms of abnormal bone defect repair in hypoxic environments, along with therapeutic applications. We aim to provide a foundation for future targeted, personalized, and precise bone regeneration therapies according to the adaptation of patients to high altitudes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei Chen
- Department of Periodontology and Implantology, Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yushan Liu
- Department of Periodontology and Implantology, Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wenjing Liu
- Department of Prosthodontics, Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yarong Wang
- Department of Periodontology and Implantology, Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ziyi Liu
- Department of Periodontology and Implantology, Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Mingdeng Rong
- Department of Periodontology and Implantology, Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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Schatton D, Di Pietro G, Szczepanowska K, Veronese M, Marx MC, Braunöhler K, Barth E, Müller S, Giavalisco P, Langer T, Trifunovic A, Rugarli EI. CLUH controls astrin-1 expression to couple mitochondrial metabolism to cell cycle progression. eLife 2022; 11:74552. [PMID: 35559794 PMCID: PMC9135405 DOI: 10.7554/elife.74552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Proliferating cells undergo metabolic changes in synchrony with cell cycle progression and cell division. Mitochondria provide fuel, metabolites, and ATP during different phases of the cell cycle, however it is not completely understood how mitochondrial function and the cell cycle are coordinated. CLUH (clustered mitochondria homolog) is a post-transcriptional regulator of mRNAs encoding mitochondrial proteins involved in oxidative phosphorylation and several metabolic pathways. Here, we show a role of CLUH in regulating the expression of astrin, which is involved in metaphase to anaphase progression, centrosome integrity, and mTORC1 inhibition. We find that CLUH binds both the SPAG5 mRNA and its product astrin, and controls the synthesis and the stability of the full-length astrin-1 isoform. We show that CLUH interacts with astrin-1 specifically during interphase. Astrin-depleted cells show mTORC1 hyperactivation and enhanced anabolism. On the other hand, cells lacking CLUH show decreased astrin levels and increased mTORC1 signaling, but cannot sustain anaplerotic and anabolic pathways. In absence of CLUH, cells fail to grow during G1, and progress faster through the cell cycle, indicating dysregulated matching of growth, metabolism, and cell cycling. Our data reveal a role of CLUH in coupling growth signaling pathways and mitochondrial metabolism with cell cycle progression.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Giada Di Pietro
- Institute for Genetics, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Karolina Szczepanowska
- Institute for Mitochondrial Diseases and Ageing, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Matteo Veronese
- Institute for Genetics, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | | | | | - Esther Barth
- Institute for Genetics, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Stefan Müller
- Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | | | - Thomas Langer
- Langer Department, Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, Cologne, Germany
| | - Aleksandra Trifunovic
- Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Elena I Rugarli
- Institute for Genetics, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
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Hoffmann JJ, Becker T. Crosstalk between Mitochondrial Protein Import and Lipids. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23095274. [PMID: 35563660 PMCID: PMC9101885 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23095274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2022] [Revised: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria import about 1000 precursor proteins from the cytosol. The translocase of the outer membrane (TOM complex) forms the major entry site for precursor proteins. Subsequently, membrane-bound protein translocases sort the precursor proteins into the outer and inner membrane, the intermembrane space, and the matrix. The phospholipid composition of mitochondrial membranes is critical for protein import. Structural and biochemical data revealed that phospholipids affect the stability and activity of mitochondrial protein translocases. Integration of proteins into the target membrane involves rearrangement of phospholipids and distortion of the lipid bilayer. Phospholipids are present in the interface between subunits of protein translocases and affect the dynamic coupling of partner proteins. Phospholipids are required for full activity of the respiratory chain to generate membrane potential, which in turn drives protein import across and into the inner membrane. Finally, outer membrane protein translocases are closely linked to organellar contact sites that mediate lipid trafficking. Altogether, intensive crosstalk between mitochondrial protein import and lipid biogenesis controls mitochondrial biogenesis.
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Rai M, Curley M, Coleman Z, Demontis F. Contribution of proteases to the hallmarks of aging and to age-related neurodegeneration. Aging Cell 2022; 21:e13603. [PMID: 35349763 PMCID: PMC9124314 DOI: 10.1111/acel.13603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2022] [Revised: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 03/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Protein quality control ensures the degradation of damaged and misfolded proteins. Derangement of proteostasis is a primary cause of aging and age-associated diseases. The ubiquitin-proteasome and autophagy-lysosome play key roles in proteostasis but, in addition to these systems, the human genome encodes for ~600 proteases, also known as peptidases. Here, we examine the role of proteases in aging and age-related neurodegeneration. Proteases are present across cell compartments, including the extracellular space, and their substrates encompass cellular constituents, proteins with signaling functions, and misfolded proteins. Proteolytic processing by proteases can lead to changes in the activity and localization of substrates or to their degradation. Proteases cooperate with the autophagy-lysosome and ubiquitin-proteasome systems but also have independent proteolytic roles that impact all hallmarks of cellular aging. Specifically, proteases regulate mitochondrial function, DNA damage repair, cellular senescence, nutrient sensing, stem cell properties and regeneration, protein quality control and stress responses, and intercellular signaling. The capacity of proteases to regulate cellular functions translates into important roles in preserving tissue homeostasis during aging. Consequently, proteases influence the onset and progression of age-related pathologies and are important determinants of health span. Specifically, we examine how certain proteases promote the progression of Alzheimer's, Huntington's, and/or Parkinson's disease whereas other proteases protect from neurodegeneration. Mechanistically, cleavage by proteases can lead to the degradation of a pathogenic protein and hence impede disease pathogenesis. Alternatively, proteases can generate substrate byproducts with increased toxicity, which promote disease progression. Altogether, these studies indicate the importance of proteases in aging and age-related neurodegeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mamta Rai
- Department of Developmental NeurobiologySt. Jude Children’s Research HospitalMemphisTennesseeUSA
| | - Michelle Curley
- Department of Developmental NeurobiologySt. Jude Children’s Research HospitalMemphisTennesseeUSA
| | - Zane Coleman
- Department of Developmental NeurobiologySt. Jude Children’s Research HospitalMemphisTennesseeUSA
| | - Fabio Demontis
- Department of Developmental NeurobiologySt. Jude Children’s Research HospitalMemphisTennesseeUSA
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40
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Carmona-Carmona CA, Dalla Pozza E, Ambrosini G, Errico A, Dando I. Divergent Roles of Mitochondria Dynamics in Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14092155. [PMID: 35565283 PMCID: PMC9105422 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14092155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Revised: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma is one of the most lethal neoplasia due to the lack of early diagnostic markers and effective therapies. The study of metabolic alterations of PDAC is of crucial importance since it would open the way to the discovery of new potential therapies. Mitochondria represent key organelles that regulate energy metabolism, and they remodel their structure by undergoing modifications by fusing with other mitochondria or dividing to generate smaller ones. The alterations of mitochondria arrangement may influence the metabolism of PDAC cells, thus supporting the proliferative needs of cancer. Shedding light on this topic regarding cancer and, more specifically, PDAC may help identify new potential strategies that hit cancer cells at their “core,” i.e., mitochondria. Abstract Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is one of the most aggressive tumors; it is often diagnosed at an advanced stage and is hardly treatable. These issues are strictly linked to the absence of early diagnostic markers and the low efficacy of treatment approaches. Recently, the study of the metabolic alterations in cancer cells has opened the way to important findings that can be exploited to generate new potential therapies. Within this scenario, mitochondria represent important organelles within which many essential functions are necessary for cell survival, including some key reactions involved in energy metabolism. These organelles remodel their shape by dividing or fusing themselves in response to cellular needs or stimuli. Interestingly, many authors have shown that mitochondrial dynamic equilibrium is altered in many different tumor types. However, up to now, it is not clear whether PDAC cells preferentially take advantage of fusion or fission processes since some studies reported a wide range of different results. This review described the role of both mitochondria arrangement processes, i.e., fusion and fission events, in PDAC, showing that a preference for mitochondria fragmentation could sustain tumor needs. In addition, we also highlight the importance of considering the metabolic arrangement and mitochondria assessment of cancer stem cells, which represent the most aggressive tumor cell type that has been shown to have distinctive metabolic features to that of differentiated tumor cells.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Ilaria Dando
- Correspondence: (C.A.C.-C.); (I.D.); Tel.: +39-045-802-7174 (C.A.C.-C.); +39-045-802-7169 (I.D.)
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Eldeeb MA, Thomas RA, Ragheb MA, Fallahi A, Fon EA. Mitochondrial quality control in health and in Parkinson's disease. Physiol Rev 2022; 102:1721-1755. [PMID: 35466694 DOI: 10.1152/physrev.00041.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
As a central hub for cellular metabolism and intracellular signalling, the mitochondrion is a pivotal organelle, dysfunction of which has been linked to several human diseases including neurodegenerative disorders, and in particular Parkinson's disease. An inherent challenge that mitochondria face is the continuous exposure to diverse stresses which increase their likelihood of dysregulation. In response, eukaryotic cells have evolved sophisticated quality control mechanisms to monitor, identify, repair and/or eliminate abnormal or misfolded proteins within the mitochondrion and/or the dysfunctional mitochondrion itself. Chaperones identify unstable or otherwise abnormal conformations in mitochondrial proteins and can promote their refolding to recover their correct conformation and stability. However, if repair is not possible, the abnormal protein is selectively degraded to prevent potentially damaging interactions with other proteins or its oligomerization into toxic multimeric complexes. The autophagic-lysosomal system and the ubiquitin-proteasome system mediate the selective and targeted degradation of such abnormal or misfolded protein species. Mitophagy (a specific kind of autophagy) mediates the selective elimination of dysfunctional mitochondria, in order to prevent the deleterious effects the dysfunctional organelles within the cell. Despite our increasing understanding of the molecular responses toward dysfunctional mitochondria, many key aspects remain relatively poorly understood. Herein, we review the emerging mechanisms of mitochondrial quality control including quality control strategies coupled to mitochondrial import mechanisms. In addition, we review the molecular mechanisms regulating mitophagy with an emphasis on the regulation of PINK1/PARKIN-mediated mitophagy in cellular physiology and in the context of Parkinson's disease cell biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed A Eldeeb
- McGill Parkinson Program, Neurodegenerative Diseases Group, Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Rhalena A Thomas
- McGill Parkinson Program, Neurodegenerative Diseases Group, Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Mohamed A Ragheb
- Chemistry Department (Biochemistry Division), Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Armaan Fallahi
- McGill Parkinson Program, Neurodegenerative Diseases Group, Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Edward A Fon
- McGill Parkinson Program, Neurodegenerative Diseases Group, Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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42
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Kitt MM, Tabuchi N, Spencer WC, Robinson HL, Zhang XL, Eastman BA, Lobur KJ, Silver J, Mei L, Deneris ES. An adult-stage transcriptional program for survival of serotonergic connectivity. Cell Rep 2022; 39:110711. [PMID: 35443166 PMCID: PMC9109281 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2022.110711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Revised: 02/23/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Neurons must function for decades of life, but how these non-dividing cells are preserved is poorly understood. Using mouse serotonin (5-HT) neurons as a model, we report an adult-stage transcriptional program specialized to ensure the preservation of neuronal connectivity. We uncover a switch in Lmx1b and Pet1 transcription factor function from controlling embryonic axonal growth to sustaining a transcriptomic signature of 5-HT connectivity comprising functionally diverse synaptic and axonal genes. Adult-stage deficiency of Lmx1b and Pet1 causes slowly progressing degeneration of 5-HT synapses and axons, increased susceptibility of 5-HT axons to neurotoxic injury, and abnormal stress responses. Axon degeneration occurs in a die back pattern and is accompanied by accumulation of α-synuclein and amyloid precursor protein in spheroids and mitochondrial fragmentation without cell body loss. Our findings suggest that neuronal connectivity is transcriptionally protected by maintenance of connectivity transcriptomes; progressive decay of such transcriptomes may contribute to age-related diseases of brain circuitry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meagan M Kitt
- Department of Neurosciences, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Nobuko Tabuchi
- Department of Neurosciences, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - W Clay Spencer
- Department of Neurosciences, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Heath L Robinson
- Department of Neurosciences, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Xinrui L Zhang
- Department of Neurosciences, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Brent A Eastman
- Department of Neurosciences, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Katherine J Lobur
- Department of Neurosciences, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Jerry Silver
- Department of Neurosciences, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Lin Mei
- Department of Neurosciences, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Evan S Deneris
- Department of Neurosciences, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA.
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Wani GA, Sprenger HG, Ndoci K, Chandragiri S, Acton RJ, Schatton D, Kochan SMV, Sakthivelu V, Jevtic M, Seeger JM, Müller S, Giavalisco P, Rugarli EI, Motori E, Langer T, Bergami M. Metabolic control of adult neural stem cell self-renewal by the mitochondrial protease YME1L. Cell Rep 2022; 38:110370. [PMID: 35172139 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2022.110370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2021] [Revised: 11/29/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The transition between quiescence and activation in neural stem and progenitor cells (NSPCs) is coupled with reversible changes in energy metabolism with key implications for lifelong NSPC self-renewal and neurogenesis. How this metabolic plasticity is ensured between NSPC activity states is unclear. We find that a state-specific rewiring of the mitochondrial proteome by the i-AAA peptidase YME1L is required to preserve NSPC self-renewal. YME1L controls the abundance of numerous mitochondrial substrates in quiescent NSPCs, and its deletion activates a differentiation program characterized by broad metabolic changes causing the irreversible shift away from a fatty-acid-oxidation-dependent state. Conditional Yme1l deletion in adult NSPCs in vivo results in defective self-renewal and premature differentiation, ultimately leading to NSPC pool depletion. Our results disclose an important role for YME1L in coordinating the switch between metabolic states of NSPCs and suggest that NSPC fate is regulated by compartmentalized changes in protein network dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gulzar A Wani
- Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Joseph-Stelzmann-Str. 26, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Hans-Georg Sprenger
- Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, Joseph-Stelzmann-Str. 9b, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Kristiano Ndoci
- Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Joseph-Stelzmann-Str. 26, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Srikanth Chandragiri
- Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, Joseph-Stelzmann-Str. 9b, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Richard James Acton
- Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Joseph-Stelzmann-Str. 26, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Désirée Schatton
- Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Joseph-Stelzmann-Str. 26, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Sandra M V Kochan
- Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Joseph-Stelzmann-Str. 26, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Vignesh Sakthivelu
- Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Joseph-Stelzmann-Str. 26, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Milica Jevtic
- Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Joseph-Stelzmann-Str. 26, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Jens M Seeger
- Institute for Molecular Immunology, CECAD Research Center and University Hospital Cologne, Joseph-Stelzmann-Str. 26, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Stefan Müller
- Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Joseph-Stelzmann-Str. 26, 50931 Cologne, Germany; Center for Molecular Medicine, Robert-Koch-Str. 21, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Patrick Giavalisco
- Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, Joseph-Stelzmann-Str. 9b, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Elena I Rugarli
- Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Joseph-Stelzmann-Str. 26, 50931 Cologne, Germany; Center for Molecular Medicine, Robert-Koch-Str. 21, 50931 Cologne, Germany; Institute of Genetics, University of Cologne, Zülpicher Str. 47a, 50674 Cologne, Germany
| | - Elisa Motori
- Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Joseph-Stelzmann-Str. 26, 50931 Cologne, Germany; Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, Joseph-Stelzmann-Str. 9b, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Thomas Langer
- Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Joseph-Stelzmann-Str. 26, 50931 Cologne, Germany; Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, Joseph-Stelzmann-Str. 9b, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Matteo Bergami
- Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Joseph-Stelzmann-Str. 26, 50931 Cologne, Germany; Center for Molecular Medicine, Robert-Koch-Str. 21, 50931 Cologne, Germany; Institute of Genetics, University of Cologne, Zülpicher Str. 47a, 50674 Cologne, Germany; University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Kerpener Str. 62, 50937 Cologne, Germany.
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44
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den Brave F, Gupta A, Becker T. Protein Quality Control at the Mitochondrial Surface. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:795685. [PMID: 34926473 PMCID: PMC8678412 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.795685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria contain two membranes, the outer and inner membrane. The outer membrane fulfills crucial functions for the communication of mitochondria with the cellular environment like exchange of lipids via organelle contact sites, the transport of metabolites and the formation of a signaling platform in apoptosis and innate immunity. The translocase of the outer membrane (TOM complex) forms the entry gate for the vast majority of precursor proteins that are produced on cytosolic ribosomes. Surveillance of the functionality of outer membrane proteins is critical for mitochondrial functions and biogenesis. Quality control mechanisms remove defective and mistargeted proteins from the outer membrane as well as precursor proteins that clog the TOM complex. Selective degradation of single proteins is also an important mode to regulate mitochondrial dynamics and initiation of mitophagy pathways. Whereas inner mitochondrial compartments are equipped with specific proteases, the ubiquitin-proteasome system is a central player in protein surveillance on the mitochondrial surface. In this review, we summarize our current knowledge about the molecular mechanisms that govern quality control of proteins at the outer mitochondrial membrane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabian den Brave
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Arushi Gupta
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Thomas Becker
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
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45
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Criscuolo D, Avolio R, Matassa DS, Esposito F. Targeting Mitochondrial Protein Expression as a Future Approach for Cancer Therapy. Front Oncol 2021; 11:797265. [PMID: 34888254 PMCID: PMC8650000 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.797265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Accepted: 11/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Extensive metabolic remodeling is a fundamental feature of cancer cells. Although early reports attributed such remodeling to a loss of mitochondrial functions, it is now clear that mitochondria play central roles in cancer development and progression, from energy production to synthesis of macromolecules, from redox modulation to regulation of cell death. Biosynthetic pathways are also heavily affected by the metabolic rewiring, with protein synthesis dysregulation at the hearth of cellular transformation. Accumulating evidence in multiple organisms shows that the metabolic functions of mitochondria are tightly connected to protein synthesis, being assembly and activity of respiratory complexes highly dependent on de novo synthesis of their components. In turn, protein synthesis within the organelle is tightly connected with the cytosolic process. This implies an entire network of interactions and fine-tuned regulations that build up a completely under-estimated level of complexity. We are now only preliminarily beginning to reconstitute such regulatory level in human cells, and to perceive its role in diseases. Indeed, disruption or alterations of these connections trigger conditions of proteotoxic and energetic stress that could be potentially exploited for therapeutic purposes. In this review, we summarize the available literature on the coordinated regulation of mitochondrial and cytosolic mRNA translation, and their effects on the integrity of the mitochondrial proteome and functions. Finally, we highlight the potential held by this topic for future research directions and for the development of innovative therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Criscuolo
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | - Rosario Avolio
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | - Danilo Swann Matassa
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | - Franca Esposito
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy
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46
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Strachan EL, Mac White-Begg D, Crean J, Reynolds AL, Kennedy BN, O'Sullivan NC. The Role of Mitochondria in Optic Atrophy With Autosomal Inheritance. Front Neurosci 2021; 15:784987. [PMID: 34867178 PMCID: PMC8634724 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2021.784987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 10/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Optic atrophy (OA) with autosomal inheritance is a form of optic neuropathy characterized by the progressive and irreversible loss of vision. In some cases, this is accompanied by additional, typically neurological, extra-ocular symptoms. Underlying the loss of vision is the specific degeneration of the retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) which form the optic nerve. Whilst autosomal OA is genetically heterogenous, all currently identified causative genes appear to be associated with mitochondrial organization and function. However, it is unclear why RGCs are particularly vulnerable to mitochondrial aberration. Despite the relatively high prevalence of this disorder, there are currently no approved treatments. Combined with the lack of knowledge concerning the mechanisms through which aberrant mitochondrial function leads to RGC death, there remains a clear need for further research to identify the underlying mechanisms and develop treatments for this condition. This review summarizes the genes known to be causative of autosomal OA and the mitochondrial dysfunction caused by pathogenic mutations. Furthermore, we discuss the suitability of available in vivo models for autosomal OA with regards to both treatment development and furthering the understanding of autosomal OA pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elin L Strachan
- UCD Conway Institute, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.,UCD School of Biomolecular and Biomedical Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Delphi Mac White-Begg
- UCD Conway Institute, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.,UCD School of Veterinary Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - John Crean
- UCD Conway Institute, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.,UCD School of Biomolecular and Biomedical Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.,UCD Diabetes Complications Research Centre, Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Alison L Reynolds
- UCD Conway Institute, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.,UCD School of Veterinary Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Breandán N Kennedy
- UCD Conway Institute, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.,UCD School of Biomolecular and Biomedical Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Niamh C O'Sullivan
- UCD Conway Institute, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.,UCD School of Biomolecular and Biomedical Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
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47
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Scott GK, Mahoney S, Scott M, Loureiro A, Lopez-Ramirez A, Tanner JJ, Ellerby LM, Benz CC. N-Propargylglycine: a unique suicide inhibitor of proline dehydrogenase with anticancer activity and brain-enhancing mitohormesis properties. Amino Acids 2021; 53:1927-1939. [PMID: 34089390 PMCID: PMC8643368 DOI: 10.1007/s00726-021-03012-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2020] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Proline dehydrogenase (PRODH) is a mitochondrial inner membrane flavoprotein critical for cancer cell survival under stress conditions and newly recognized as a potential target for cancer drug development. Reversible (competitive) and irreversible (suicide) inhibitors of PRODH have been shown in vivo to inhibit cancer cell growth with excellent host tolerance. Surprisingly, the PRODH suicide inhibitor N-propargylglycine (N-PPG) also induces rapid decay of PRODH with concordant upregulation of mitochondrial chaperones (HSP-60, GRP-75) and the inner membrane protease YME1L1, signifying activation of the mitochondrial unfolded protein response (UPRmt) independent of anticancer activity. The present study was undertaken to address two aims: (i) use PRODH overexpressing human cancer cells (ZR-75-1) to confirm the UPRmt inducing properties of N-PPG relative to another equipotent irreversible PRODH inhibitor, thiazolidine-2-carboxylate (T2C); and (ii) employ biochemical and transcriptomic approaches to determine if orally administered N-PPG can penetrate the blood-brain barrier, essential for its future use as a brain cancer therapeutic, and also potentially protect normal brain tissue by inducing mitohormesis. Oral daily treatments of N-PPG produced a dose-dependent decline in brain mitochondrial PRODH protein without detectable impairment in mouse health; furthermore, mice repeatedly dosed with 50 mg/kg N-PPG showed increased brain expression of the mitohormesis associated protease, YME1L1. Whole brain transcriptome (RNAseq) analyses of these mice revealed significant gene set enrichment in N-PPG stimulated neural processes (FDR p < 0.05). Given this in vivo evidence of brain bioavailability and neural mitohormesis induction, N-PPG appears to be unique among anticancer agents and should be evaluated for repurposing as a pharmaceutical capable of mitigating the proteotoxic mechanisms driving neurodegenerative disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gary K Scott
- Buck Institute for Research on Aging, 8001 Redwood Blvd., Novato, CA, 94945, USA
| | - Sophia Mahoney
- Buck Institute for Research on Aging, 8001 Redwood Blvd., Novato, CA, 94945, USA
| | - Madeleine Scott
- Department of Medicine, Center for Biomedical Informatics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Ashley Loureiro
- Buck Institute for Research on Aging, 8001 Redwood Blvd., Novato, CA, 94945, USA
| | | | - John J Tanner
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA
| | - Lisa M Ellerby
- Buck Institute for Research on Aging, 8001 Redwood Blvd., Novato, CA, 94945, USA
| | - Christopher C Benz
- Buck Institute for Research on Aging, 8001 Redwood Blvd., Novato, CA, 94945, USA.
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48
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Fu Y, Zou T, Shen X, Nelson PJ, Li J, Wu C, Yang J, Zheng Y, Bruns C, Zhao Y, Qin L, Dong Q. Lipid metabolism in cancer progression and therapeutic strategies. MedComm (Beijing) 2021; 2:27-59. [PMID: 34766135 PMCID: PMC8491217 DOI: 10.1002/mco2.27] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2020] [Revised: 07/17/2020] [Accepted: 07/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Dysregulated lipid metabolism represents an important metabolic alteration in cancer. Fatty acids, cholesterol, and phospholipid are the three most prevalent lipids that act as energy producers, signaling molecules, and source material for the biogenesis of cell membranes. The enhanced synthesis, storage, and uptake of lipids contribute to cancer progression. The rewiring of lipid metabolism in cancer has been linked to the activation of oncogenic signaling pathways and cross talk with the tumor microenvironment. The resulting activity favors the survival and proliferation of tumor cells in the harsh conditions within the tumor. Lipid metabolism also plays a vital role in tumor immunogenicity via effects on the function of the noncancer cells within the tumor microenvironment, especially immune‐associated cells. Targeting altered lipid metabolism pathways has shown potential as a promising anticancer therapy. Here, we review recent evidence implicating the contribution of lipid metabolic reprogramming in cancer to cancer progression, and discuss the molecular mechanisms underlying lipid metabolism rewiring in cancer, and potential therapeutic strategies directed toward lipid metabolism in cancer. This review sheds new light to fully understanding of the role of lipid metabolic reprogramming in the context of cancer and provides valuable clues on therapeutic strategies targeting lipid metabolism in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Fu
- Department of General Surgery, Huashan Hospital & Cancer Metastasis Institute & Institutes of Biomedical Sciences Fudan University Shanghai China
| | - Tiantian Zou
- Department of General Surgery, Huashan Hospital & Cancer Metastasis Institute & Institutes of Biomedical Sciences Fudan University Shanghai China
| | - Xiaotian Shen
- Department of General Surgery, Huashan Hospital & Cancer Metastasis Institute & Institutes of Biomedical Sciences Fudan University Shanghai China
| | - Peter J Nelson
- Medical Clinic and Policlinic IV Ludwig-Maximilian-University (LMU) Munich Germany
| | - Jiahui Li
- General, Visceral and Cancer Surgery University Hospital of Cologne Cologne Germany
| | - Chao Wu
- Department of General Surgery, Ruijin Hospital Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Shanghai China
| | - Jimeng Yang
- Department of General Surgery, Huashan Hospital & Cancer Metastasis Institute & Institutes of Biomedical Sciences Fudan University Shanghai China
| | - Yan Zheng
- Department of General Surgery, Huashan Hospital & Cancer Metastasis Institute & Institutes of Biomedical Sciences Fudan University Shanghai China
| | - Christiane Bruns
- General, Visceral and Cancer Surgery University Hospital of Cologne Cologne Germany
| | - Yue Zhao
- General, Visceral and Cancer Surgery University Hospital of Cologne Cologne Germany
| | - Lunxiu Qin
- Department of General Surgery, Huashan Hospital & Cancer Metastasis Institute & Institutes of Biomedical Sciences Fudan University Shanghai China
| | - Qiongzhu Dong
- Department of General Surgery, Huashan Hospital & Cancer Metastasis Institute & Institutes of Biomedical Sciences Fudan University Shanghai China
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49
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Mitochondrial Phospholipid Homeostasis Is Regulated by the i-AAA Protease PaIAP and Affects Organismic Aging. Cells 2021; 10:cells10102775. [PMID: 34685755 PMCID: PMC8534651 DOI: 10.3390/cells10102775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2021] [Revised: 10/12/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria are ubiquitous organelles of eukaryotic organisms with a number of essential functions, including synthesis of iron-sulfur clusters, amino acids, lipids, and adenosine triphosphate (ATP). During aging of the fungal aging model Podospora anserina, the inner mitochondrial membrane (IMM) undergoes prominent morphological alterations, ultimately resulting in functional impairments. Since phospholipids (PLs) are key components of biological membranes, maintenance of membrane plasticity and integrity via regulation of PL biosynthesis is indispensable. Here, we report results from a lipidomic analysis of isolated mitochondria from P. anserina that revealed an age-related reorganization of the mitochondrial PL profile and the involvement of the i-AAA protease PaIAP in proteolytic regulation of PL metabolism. The absence of PaIAP enhances biosynthesis of characteristic mitochondrial PLs, leads to significant alterations in the acyl composition of the mitochondrial signature PL cardiolipin (CL), and induces mitophagy. These alterations presumably cause the lifespan increase of the PaIap deletion mutant under standard growth conditions. However, PaIAP is required at elevated temperatures and for degradation of superfluous CL synthase PaCRD1 during glycolytic growth. Overall, our study uncovers a prominent role of PaIAP in the regulation of PL homeostasis in order to adapt membrane plasticity to fluctuating environmental conditions as they occur in nature.
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50
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Tang J, Zhuo Y, Li Y. Effects of Iron and Zinc on Mitochondria: Potential Mechanisms of Glaucomatous Injury. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:720288. [PMID: 34447755 PMCID: PMC8383321 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.720288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2021] [Accepted: 07/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Glaucoma is the most substantial cause of irreversible blinding, which is accompanied by progressive retinal ganglion cell damage. Retinal ganglion cells are energy-intensive neurons that connect the brain and retina, and depend on mitochondrial homeostasis to transduce visual information through the brain. As cofactors that regulate many metabolic signals, iron and zinc have attracted increasing attention in studies on neurons and neurodegenerative diseases. Here, we summarize the research connecting iron, zinc, neuronal mitochondria, and glaucomatous injury, with the aim of updating and expanding the current view of how retinal ganglion cells degenerate in glaucoma, which can reveal novel potential targets for neuroprotection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahui Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yehong Zhuo
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yiqing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
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