1
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Ma D, Liu X, Li J, Wu H, Ma J, Tai W. ELMO1 regulates macrophage directed migration and attenuates inflammation via NF-κB signaling pathway in primary biliary cholangitis. Dig Liver Dis 2024:S1590-8658(24)00769-2. [PMID: 38825413 DOI: 10.1016/j.dld.2024.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2023] [Revised: 05/11/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/04/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Primary biliary cholangitis (PBC), a typical autoimmune liver disease, is characterized by an increased infiltration of immune cells. However, the specific molecular mechanisms regulating immune cell migration in PBC are unknown. Engulfment and cell motility 1 (ELMO1) plays an important function in cellular dynamics. In view of this, the aim of this study was to explore the expression of ELMO1 in PBC, its effects on the proliferation, migration, and secretion of inflammatory factors by the mainly regulated immune cells and the specific molecular mechanisms behind it. METHODS To determine the expression of ELMO1 in PBC and its major regulatory immune cells in PBC. The migratory and proliferative capacities of ELMO1-deficient macrophages were measured, and their pro-inflammatory cytokine secretion was also detected and explored mechanistically. RESULTS ELMO1 expression was up-regulated in the PBC patients and positively correlated with alkaline phosphatase (ALP). ELMO1 mainly regulated macrophages in the liver of PBC patients. Knockdown of ELMO1 did not affect macrophage proliferation, however,knockdown of ELMO1 significantly inhibited macrophage migration,downstream RAC1 activity was diminished, and reduced F-actin synthesis. Knockdown of ELMO1 reduced macrophage inflammatory factor secretion and NF-κB signaling pathway activity was decreased. CONCLUSIONS ELMO1 regulates macrophage directed migration and attenuates inflammation via NF-κB signaling pathway in primary biliary cholangitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Ma
- Clinical Laboratory Department, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China, 650101
| | - Xiaoxiao Liu
- Clinical Laboratory Department, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China, 650101
| | - Jinyu Li
- Clinical Laboratory Department, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China, 650101
| | - Hanxin Wu
- Clinical Laboratory Department, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China, 650101
| | - Jiaxuan Ma
- Clinical Laboratory Department, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China, 650101
| | - Wenlin Tai
- Clinical Laboratory Department, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China, 650101.
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2
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Yu H, Wu Y, Xu J, Wang Y, Cheng X, Zhang LW, Qin J, Wang Y. Neutrophils-mediated bioinspired nanoagents for noninvasive monitoring of inflammatory recruitment dynamics and navigating phototherapy in rheumatoid arthritis. BIOMATERIALS ADVANCES 2024; 158:213764. [PMID: 38227991 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioadv.2024.213764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/06/2024] [Indexed: 01/18/2024]
Abstract
Neutrophils play a crucial role in inflammatory immune responses, but their in vivo homing to inflammatory lesions remains unclear, hampering precise treatment options. In this study, we employed a biomineralization-inspired multimodal nanoagent to label neutrophils, enabling noninvasive monitoring of the dynamic process of inflammatory recruitment and guiding photothermal therapy in rheumatoid arthritis. Our nanoagents allowed visualization of neutrophil fate through magnetic resonance imaging, photoacoustic imaging, and fluorescence imaging in the first and second near-infrared windows. Histopathology and immunofluorescence analysis revealed pronounced inflammatory cell infiltration in rheumatoid arthritis compared to the normal limb. Furthermore, the recruitment quantity of neutrophils positively correlated with the inflammatory stage. Additionally, the inherent photothermal effect of the nanoagents efficiently ablated inflammatory cells during the optimal homing time and inflammatory phase. This neutrophil imaging-guided photothermal therapy precisely targeted inflammatory nuclei in rheumatoid arthritis and downregulated pro-inflammatory cytokines in serum. These results demonstrate that in vivo tracking of inflammatory immune response cells can significantly optimize the treatment of inflammatory diseases, including rheumatoid arthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongchang Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School for Radiological and Interdisciplinary Sciences (RAD-X), Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Soochow University, 199 Renai Road, Suzhou Industrial Park, Suzhou 215123, China; Suzhou Municipal Hospital, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 26 Daoqian Road, Suzhou 215002, China
| | - Yanxian Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School for Radiological and Interdisciplinary Sciences (RAD-X), Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Soochow University, 199 Renai Road, Suzhou Industrial Park, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Jingwei Xu
- Suzhou Municipal Hospital, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 26 Daoqian Road, Suzhou 215002, China
| | - Yangyun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School for Radiological and Interdisciplinary Sciences (RAD-X), Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Soochow University, 199 Renai Road, Suzhou Industrial Park, Suzhou 215123, China.
| | - Xiaju Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School for Radiological and Interdisciplinary Sciences (RAD-X), Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Soochow University, 199 Renai Road, Suzhou Industrial Park, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Leshuai W Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School for Radiological and Interdisciplinary Sciences (RAD-X), Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Soochow University, 199 Renai Road, Suzhou Industrial Park, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Jianzhong Qin
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 1055 Sanxiang Road, Suzhou 215004, China.
| | - Yong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School for Radiological and Interdisciplinary Sciences (RAD-X), Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Soochow University, 199 Renai Road, Suzhou Industrial Park, Suzhou 215123, China; The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 1055 Sanxiang Road, Suzhou 215004, China.
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3
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Hu X, Chen S, Ye S, Chen W, Zhou Y. New insights into the role of immunity and inflammation in diabetic kidney disease in the omics era. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1342837. [PMID: 38487541 PMCID: PMC10937589 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1342837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is becoming the leading cause of chronic kidney disease, especially in the industrialized world. Despite mounting evidence has demonstrated that immunity and inflammation are highly involved in the pathogenesis and progression of DKD, the underlying mechanisms remain incompletely understood. Substantial molecules, signaling pathways, and cell types participate in DKD inflammation, by integrating into a complex regulatory network. Most of the studies have focused on individual components, without presenting their importance in the global or system-based processes, which largely hinders clinical translation. Besides, conventional technologies failed to monitor the different behaviors of resident renal cells and immune cells, making it difficult to understand their contributions to inflammation in DKD. Recently, the advancement of omics technologies including genomics, epigenomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics has revolutionized biomedical research, which allows an unbiased global analysis of changes in DNA, RNA, proteins, and metabolites in disease settings, even at single-cell and spatial resolutions. They help us to identify critical regulators of inflammation processes and provide an overview of cell heterogeneity in DKD. This review aims to summarize the application of multiple omics in the field of DKD and emphasize the latest evidence on the interplay of inflammation and DKD revealed by these technologies, which will provide new insights into the role of inflammation in the pathogenesis of DKD and lead to the development of novel therapeutic approaches and diagnostic biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinrong Hu
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Nephrology, National Health Commission and Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, China
| | - Sixiu Chen
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Nephrology, National Health Commission and Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, China
| | - Siyang Ye
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Nephrology, National Health Commission and Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wei Chen
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Nephrology, National Health Commission and Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yi Zhou
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Nephrology, National Health Commission and Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, China
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4
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Schneider K, Arandjelovic S. Apoptotic cell clearance components in inflammatory arthritis. Immunol Rev 2023; 319:142-150. [PMID: 37507355 PMCID: PMC10615714 DOI: 10.1111/imr.13256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory disease of the synovial joints that affects ~1% of the human population. Joint swelling and bone erosion, hallmarks of RA, contribute to disability and, sometimes, loss of life. Mechanistically, disease is driven by immune dysregulation characterized by circulating autoantibodies, inflammatory mediators, tissue degradative enzymes, and metabolic dysfunction of resident stromal and recruited immune cells. Cell death by apoptosis has been therapeutically explored in animal models of RA due to the comparisons drawn between synovial hyperplasia and paucity of apoptosis in RA with the malignant transformation of cancer cells. Several efforts to induce cell death have shown benefits in reducing the development and/or severity of the disease. Apoptotic cells are cleared by phagocytes in a process known as efferocytosis, which differs from microbial phagocytosis in its "immuno-silent," or anti-inflammatory, nature. Failures in efferocytosis have been linked to autoimmune disease, whereas administration of apoptotic cells in RA models effectively inhibits inflammatory indices, likely though efferocytosis-mediated resolution-promoting mechanisms. However, the nature of signaling pathways elicited and the molecular identity of clearance mediators in RA are understudied. Furthermore, canonical efferocytosis machinery elements also play important non-canonical functions in homeostasis and pathology. Here, we discuss the roles of efferocytosis machinery components in models of RA and discuss their potential involvement in disease pathophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Schneider
- University of Virginia, Center for Immunity, Inflammation and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Sanja Arandjelovic
- University of Virginia, Center for Immunity, Inflammation and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, USA
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5
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Yu S, Geng X, Liu H, Zhang Y, Cao X, Li B, Yan J. ELMO1 Deficiency Reduces Neutrophil Chemotaxis in Murine Peritonitis. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24098103. [PMID: 37175809 PMCID: PMC10179205 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24098103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Revised: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Peritoneal inflammation remains a major cause of treatment failure in patients with kidney failure who receive peritoneal dialysis. Peritoneal inflammation is characterized by an increase in neutrophil infiltration. However, the molecular mechanisms that control neutrophil recruitment in peritonitis are not fully understood. ELMO and DOCK proteins form complexes which function as guanine nucleotide exchange factors to activate the small GTPase Rac to regulate F-actin dynamics during chemotaxis. In the current study, we found that deletion of the Elmo1 gene causes defects in chemotaxis and the adhesion of neutrophils. ELMO1 plays a role in the fMLP-induced activation of Rac1 in parallel with the PI3K and mTORC2 signaling pathways. Importantly, we also reveal that peritoneal inflammation is alleviated in Elmo1 knockout mice in the mouse model of thioglycollate-induced peritonitis. Our results suggest that ELMO1 functions as an evolutionarily conserved regulator for the activation of Rac to control the chemotaxis of neutrophils both in vitro and in vivo. Our results suggest that the targeted inhibition of ELMO1 may pave the way for the design of novel anti-inflammatory therapies for peritonitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuxiang Yu
- School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
- School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Xiaoke Geng
- School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Huibing Liu
- State Key Laboratory Cell Differentiation and Regulation, Henan International Joint Laboratory of Pulmonary Fibrosis, Henan Center for Outstanding Overseas Scientists of Pulmonary Fibrosis, College of Life Science, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
| | - Yunyun Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Xiumei Cao
- Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Baojie Li
- Bio-X Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Jianshe Yan
- School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
- School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
- Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
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6
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Rayego-Mateos S, Rodrigues-Diez RR, Fernandez-Fernandez B, Mora-Fernández C, Marchant V, Donate-Correa J, Navarro-González JF, Ortiz A, Ruiz-Ortega M. Targeting inflammation to treat diabetic kidney disease: the road to 2030. Kidney Int 2023; 103:282-296. [PMID: 36470394 DOI: 10.1016/j.kint.2022.10.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Revised: 10/05/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/07/2022]
Abstract
Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is one of the fastest growing causes of chronic kidney disease and associated morbidity and mortality. Preclinical research has demonstrated the involvement of inflammation in its pathogenesis and in the progression of kidney damage, supporting clinical trials designed to explore anti-inflammatory strategies. However, the recent success of sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors and the nonsteroidal mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist finerenone has changed both guidelines and standard of care, rendering obsolete older studies directly targeting inflammatory mediators and the clinical development was discontinued for most anti-inflammatory drugs undergoing clinical trials for DKD in 2016. Given the contribution of inflammation to the pathogenesis of DKD, we review the impact on kidney inflammation of the current standard of care, therapies undergoing clinical trials, or repositioned drugs for DKD. Moreover, we review recent advances in the molecular regulation of inflammation in DKD and discuss potential novel therapeutic strategies with clinical relevance. Finally, we provide a road map for future research aimed at integrating the growing knowledge on inflammation and DKD into clinical practice to foster improvement of patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Rayego-Mateos
- Cellular Biology in Renal Diseases Laboratory, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Universidad Autónoma, Madrid, Spain; Ricord2040, Instituto de Salud Carlos II, Spain
| | - Raul R Rodrigues-Diez
- Ricord2040, Instituto de Salud Carlos II, Spain; Translational Immunology, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias ISPA, Oviedo, Asturias, Spain
| | - Beatriz Fernandez-Fernandez
- Ricord2040, Instituto de Salud Carlos II, Spain; Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz-Universidad Autónoma, Madrid, Spain
| | - Carmen Mora-Fernández
- Ricord2040, Instituto de Salud Carlos II, Spain; Research Unit, University Hospital Nuestra Señora de Candelaria, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain
| | - Vanessa Marchant
- Cellular Biology in Renal Diseases Laboratory, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Universidad Autónoma, Madrid, Spain; Ricord2040, Instituto de Salud Carlos II, Spain
| | - Javier Donate-Correa
- Ricord2040, Instituto de Salud Carlos II, Spain; Research Unit, University Hospital Nuestra Señora de Candelaria, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain
| | - Juan F Navarro-González
- Ricord2040, Instituto de Salud Carlos II, Spain; Research Unit, University Hospital Nuestra Señora de Candelaria, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain; Nephrology Service, University Hospital Nuestra Señora de Candelaria, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain
| | - Alberto Ortiz
- Ricord2040, Instituto de Salud Carlos II, Spain; Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz-Universidad Autónoma, Madrid, Spain
| | - Marta Ruiz-Ortega
- Cellular Biology in Renal Diseases Laboratory, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Universidad Autónoma, Madrid, Spain; Ricord2040, Instituto de Salud Carlos II, Spain.
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7
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Li K, Wang M, Zhao L, Liu Y, Zhang X. ACPA-negative rheumatoid arthritis: From immune mechanisms to clinical translation. EBioMedicine 2022; 83:104233. [PMID: 36027873 PMCID: PMC9404277 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2022.104233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Revised: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The presence of anti-citrullinated protein autoantibodies (ACPA) is a hallmark feature of rheumatoid arthritis (RA), which causes chronic joint destruction and systemic inflammation. Based on ACPA status, RA patients can be sub-grouped into two major subsets: ACPA-positive RA (ACPA+ RA) and ACPA-negative RA (ACPA– RA). Accumulating evidence have suggested that ACPA+ RA and ACPA– RA are two distinct disease entities with different underlying pathophysiology. In contrast to the well-characterized pathogenic mechanisms of ACPA+ RA, the etiology of ACPA– RA remains largely unknown. In this review, we summarized current knowledge about the primary drivers of ACPA– RA, particularly focusing on the serological, cellular, and molecular aspects of immune mechanisms. A better understanding of the immunopathogenesis in ACPA– RA will help in designing more precisely targeting strategies, and paving the road to personalized treatment. In addition, identification of novel biomarkers in ACPA– RA will substantially promote early treatment and improve the outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ketian Li
- Department of Rheumatology, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Clinical Immunology Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, PR China
| | - Min Wang
- Department of Rheumatology, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Clinical Immunology Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, PR China
| | - Lidan Zhao
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, PR China
| | - Yudong Liu
- Department of Rheumatology, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Clinical Immunology Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, PR China; The Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, National Health Commission, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, PR China.
| | - Xuan Zhang
- Department of Rheumatology, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Clinical Immunology Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, PR China.
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8
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Liu Y, Song R, Zhao L, Lu Z, Li Y, Zhan X, Lu F, Yang J, Niu Y, Cao X. m 6A demethylase ALKBH5 is required for antibacterial innate defense by intrinsic motivation of neutrophil migration. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2022; 7:194. [PMID: 35764614 PMCID: PMC9240034 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-022-01020-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2022] [Revised: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Neutrophil migration into the site of infection is necessary for antibacterial innate defense, whereas impaired neutrophil migration may result in excessive inflammation and even sepsis. The neutrophil migration directed by extracellular signals such as chemokines has been extensively studied, yet the intrinsic mechanism for determining neutrophil ability to migrate needs further investigation. N6-methyladenosine (m6A) RNA modification is important in immunity and inflammation, and our preliminary data indicate downregulation of RNA m6A demethylase alkB homolog 5 (ALKBH5) in neutrophils during bacterial infection. Whether m6A modification and ALKBH5 might intrinsically modulate neutrophil innate response remain unknown. Here we report that ALKBH5 is required for antibacterial innate defense by enhancing intrinsic ability of neutrophil migration. We found that deficiency of ALKBH5 increased mortality of mice with polymicrobial sepsis induced by cecal ligation and puncture (CLP), and Alkbh5-deficient CLP mice exhibited higher bacterial burden and massive proinflammatory cytokine production in the peritoneal cavity and blood because of less neutrophil migration. Alkbh5-deficient neutrophils had lower CXCR2 expression, thus exhibiting impaired migration toward chemokine CXCL2. Mechanistically, ALKBH5-mediated m6A demethylation empowered neutrophils with high migration capability through altering the RNA decay, consequently regulating protein expression of its targets, neutrophil migration-related molecules, including increased expression of neutrophil migration-promoting CXCR2 and NLRP12, but decreased expression of neutrophil migration-suppressive PTGER4, TNC, and WNK1. Our findings reveal a previously unknown role of ALKBH5 in imprinting migration-promoting transcriptome signatures in neutrophils and intrinsically promoting neutrophil migration for antibacterial defense, highlighting the potential application of targeting neutrophil m6A modification in controlling bacterial infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Liu
- Department of Immunology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 100005, Beijing, China. .,Frontier Research Center for Cell Response, Institute of Immunology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, 300071, Tianjin, China.
| | - Renjie Song
- Department of Immunology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 100005, Beijing, China
| | - Lu Zhao
- Department of Immunology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 100005, Beijing, China
| | - Zhike Lu
- School of Life Sciences, Westlake University, 310024, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yini Li
- School of Life Sciences, Westlake University, 310024, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xinyi Zhan
- Department of Immunology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 100005, Beijing, China
| | - Fengjiao Lu
- Department of Immunology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 100005, Beijing, China
| | - Jiang Yang
- Department of Immunology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 100005, Beijing, China
| | - Yamei Niu
- Department of Pathology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 100005, Beijing, China
| | - Xuetao Cao
- Department of Immunology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 100005, Beijing, China. .,Frontier Research Center for Cell Response, Institute of Immunology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, 300071, Tianjin, China.
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9
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Integrin Regulators in Neutrophils. Cells 2022; 11:cells11132025. [PMID: 35805108 PMCID: PMC9266208 DOI: 10.3390/cells11132025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Revised: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Neutrophils are the most abundant leukocytes in humans and are critical for innate immunity and inflammation. Integrins are critical for neutrophil functions, especially for their recruitment to sites of inflammation or infections. Integrin conformational changes during activation have been heavily investigated but are still not fully understood. Many regulators, such as talin, Rap1-interacting adaptor molecule (RIAM), Rap1, and kindlin, are critical for integrin activation and might be potential targets for integrin-regulating drugs in treating inflammatory diseases. In this review, we outline integrin activation regulators in neutrophils with a focus on the above critical regulators, as well as newly discovered modulators that are involved in integrin activation.
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10
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Tocci S, Ibeawuchi SR, Das S, Sayed IM. Role of ELMO1 in inflammation and cancer-clinical implications. Cell Oncol (Dordr) 2022; 45:505-525. [PMID: 35668246 DOI: 10.1007/s13402-022-00680-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Engulfment and cell motility protein 1 (ELMO1) is a key protein for innate immunity since it is required for the clearance of apoptotic cells and pathogenic bacteria as well as for the control of inflammatory responses. ELMO1, through binding with Dock180 and activation of the Rac1 signaling pathway, plays a significant role in cellular shaping and motility. Rac-mediated actin cytoskeletal rearrangement is essential for bacterial phagocytosis, but also plays a crucial role in processes such as cancer cell invasion and metastasis. While the role of ELMO1 in bacterial infection and inflammatory responses is well established, its implication in cancer is not widely explored yet. Molecular changes or epigenetic alterations such as DNA methylation, which ultimately leads to alterations in gene expression and deregulation of cellular signaling, has been reported for ELMO1 in different cancer types. CONCLUSIONS In this review, we provide an updated and comprehensive summary of the roles of ELMO1 in infection, inflammatory diseases and cancer. We highlight the possible mechanisms regulated by ELMO1 that are relevant for cancer development and progression and provide insight into the possible use of ELMO1 as a diagnostic biomarker and therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefania Tocci
- Department of Pathology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | | | - Soumita Das
- Department of Pathology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
| | - Ibrahim M Sayed
- Department of Pathology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA. .,Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt.
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11
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Lucas CD, Medina CB, Bruton FA, Dorward DA, Raymond MH, Tufan T, Etchegaray JI, Barron B, Oremek ME, Arandjelovic S, Farber E, Onngut-Gumuscu S, Ke E, Whyte MKB, Rossi AG, Ravichandran KS. Pannexin 1 drives efficient epithelial repair after tissue injury. Sci Immunol 2022; 7:eabm4032. [PMID: 35559667 PMCID: PMC7612772 DOI: 10.1126/sciimmunol.abm4032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Epithelial tissues such as lung and skin are exposed to the environment and therefore particularly vulnerable to damage during injury or infection. Rapid repair is therefore essential to restore function and organ homeostasis. Dysregulated epithelial tissue repair occurs in several human disease states, yet how individual cell types communicate and interact to coordinate tissue regeneration is incompletely understood. Here, we show that pannexin 1 (Panx1), a cell membrane channel activated by caspases in dying cells, drives efficient epithelial regeneration after tissue injury by regulating injury-induced epithelial proliferation. Lung airway epithelial injury promotes the Panx1-dependent release of factors including ATP, from dying epithelial cells, which regulates macrophage phenotype after injury. This process, in turn, induces a reparative response in tissue macrophages that includes the induction of the soluble mitogen amphiregulin, which promotes injury-induced epithelial proliferation. Analysis of regenerating lung epithelium identified Panx1-dependent induction of Nras and Bcas2, both of which positively promoted epithelial proliferation and tissue regeneration in vivo. We also established that this role of Panx1 in boosting epithelial repair after injury is conserved between mouse lung and zebrafish tailfin. These data identify a Panx1-mediated communication circuit between epithelial cells and macrophages as a key step in promoting epithelial regeneration after injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher D. Lucas
- Center for Cell Clearance, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Cancer Biology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
- University of Edinburgh Centre for Inflammation Research, Queen's Medical Research Institute, Edinburgh BioQuarter, UK
- Institute for Regeneration and Repair, Edinburgh BioQuarter, UK
| | - Christopher B. Medina
- Center for Cell Clearance, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Cancer Biology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Finnius A. Bruton
- University of Edinburgh Centre for Inflammation Research, Queen's Medical Research Institute, Edinburgh BioQuarter, UK
| | - David A. Dorward
- University of Edinburgh Centre for Inflammation Research, Queen's Medical Research Institute, Edinburgh BioQuarter, UK
| | - Michael H. Raymond
- Center for Cell Clearance, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Cancer Biology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Turan Tufan
- Center for Cell Clearance, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Cancer Biology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - J. Iker Etchegaray
- Center for Cell Clearance, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Cancer Biology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Brady Barron
- Center for Cell Clearance, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Cancer Biology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Magdalena E.M. Oremek
- University of Edinburgh Centre for Inflammation Research, Queen's Medical Research Institute, Edinburgh BioQuarter, UK
| | - Sanja Arandjelovic
- Center for Cell Clearance, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Cancer Biology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Emily Farber
- Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Suna Onngut-Gumuscu
- Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Eugene Ke
- Center for Cell Clearance, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Cancer Biology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Moira KB Whyte
- University of Edinburgh Centre for Inflammation Research, Queen's Medical Research Institute, Edinburgh BioQuarter, UK
| | - Adriano G. Rossi
- University of Edinburgh Centre for Inflammation Research, Queen's Medical Research Institute, Edinburgh BioQuarter, UK
| | - Kodi S. Ravichandran
- Center for Cell Clearance, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Cancer Biology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Cancer Biology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
- Inflammation Research Centre, VIB, and the Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Division of Immunobiology, Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
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12
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CARD19 Interacts with Mitochondrial Contact Site and Cristae Organizing System Constituent Proteins and Regulates Cristae Morphology. Cells 2022; 11:cells11071175. [PMID: 35406738 PMCID: PMC8997538 DOI: 10.3390/cells11071175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2021] [Revised: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
CARD19 is a mitochondrial protein of unknown function. While CARD19 was originally reported to regulate TCR-dependent NF-κB activation via interaction with BCL10, this function is not recapitulated ex vivo in primary murine CD8+ T cells. Here, we employ a combination of SIM, TEM, and confocal microscopy, along with proteinase K protection assays and proteomics approaches, to identify interacting partners of CARD19 in macrophages. Our data show that CARD19 is specifically localized to the outer mitochondrial membrane. Through deletion of functional domains, we demonstrate that both the distal C-terminus and transmembrane domain are required for mitochondrial targeting, whereas the CARD is not. Importantly, mass spectrometry analysis of 3×Myc-CARD19 immunoprecipitates reveals that CARD19 interacts with the components of the mitochondrial intermembrane bridge (MIB), consisting of mitochondrial contact site and cristae organizing system (MICOS) components MIC19, MIC25, and MIC60, and MICOS-interacting proteins SAMM50 and MTX2. These CARD19 interactions are in part dependent on a properly folded CARD. Consistent with previously reported phenotypes upon siRNA silencing of MICOS subunits, absence of CARD19 correlates with irregular cristae morphology. Based on these data, we propose that CARD19 is a previously unknown interacting partner of the MIB and the MIC19–MIC25–MIC60 MICOS subcomplex that regulates cristae morphology.
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13
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Wang S, Hou Y, Li X, Meng X, Zhang Y, Wang X. Practical Implementation of Artificial Intelligence-Based Deep Learning and Cloud Computing on the Application of Traditional Medicine and Western Medicine in the Diagnosis and Treatment of Rheumatoid Arthritis. Front Pharmacol 2022; 12:765435. [PMID: 35002704 PMCID: PMC8733656 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.765435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA), an autoimmune disease of unknown etiology, is a serious threat to the health of middle-aged and elderly people. Although western medicine, traditional medicine such as traditional Chinese medicine, Tibetan medicine and other ethnic medicine have shown certain advantages in the diagnosis and treatment of RA, there are still some practical shortcomings, such as delayed diagnosis, improper treatment scheme and unclear drug mechanism. At present, the applications of artificial intelligence (AI)-based deep learning and cloud computing has aroused wide attention in the medical and health field, especially in screening potential active ingredients, targets and action pathways of single drugs or prescriptions in traditional medicine and optimizing disease diagnosis and treatment models. Integrated information and analysis of RA patients based on AI and medical big data will unquestionably benefit more RA patients worldwide. In this review, we mainly elaborated the application status and prospect of AI-assisted deep learning and cloud computation-oriented western medicine and traditional medicine on the diagnosis and treatment of RA in different stages. It can be predicted that with the help of AI, more pharmacological mechanisms of effective ethnic drugs against RA will be elucidated and more accurate solutions will be provided for the treatment and diagnosis of RA in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaohui Wang
- School of Ethnic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Ya Hou
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Xuanhao Li
- Chengdu Second People's Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Xianli Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Innovative Institute of Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- School of Ethnic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaobo Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Innovative Institute of Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
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14
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Xue R, Wang Y, Wang T, Lyu M, Mo G, Fan X, Li J, Yen K, Yu S, Liu Q, Xu J. Functional Verification of Novel ELMO1 Variants by Live Imaging in Zebrafish. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:723804. [PMID: 34993193 PMCID: PMC8724260 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.723804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
ELMO1 (Engulfment and Cell Motility1) is a gene involved in regulating cell motility through the ELMO1-DOCK2-RAC complex. Contrary to DOCK2 (Dedicator of Cytokinesis 2) deficiency, which has been reported to be associated with immunodeficiency diseases, variants of ELMO1 have been associated with autoimmune diseases, such as diabetes and rheumatoid arthritis (RA). To explore the function of ELMO1 in immune cells and to verify the functions of novel ELMO1 variants in vivo, we established a zebrafish elmo1 mutant model. Live imaging revealed that, similar to mammals, the motility of neutrophils and T-cells was largely attenuated in zebrafish mutants. Consequently, the response of neutrophils to injury or bacterial infection was significantly reduced in the mutants. Furthermore, the reduced mobility of neutrophils could be rescued by the expression of constitutively activated Rac proteins, suggesting that zebrafish elmo1 mutant functions via a conserved mechanism. With this mutant, three novel human ELMO1 variants were transiently and specifically expressed in zebrafish neutrophils. Two variants, p.E90K (c.268G>A) and p.D194G (c.581A>G), could efficiently recover the motility defect of neutrophils in the elmo1 mutant; however, the p.R354X (c.1060C>T) variant failed to rescue the mutant. Based on those results, we identified that zebrafish elmo1 plays conserved roles in cell motility, similar to higher vertebrates. Using the transient-expression assay, zebrafish elmo1 mutants could serve as an effective model for human variant verification in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongtao Xue
- Department of Hematology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ying Wang
- Department of Developmental Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | | | - Mei Lyu
- Laboratory of Immunology and Regeneration, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guiling Mo
- GuangZhou KingMed Center For Clinical Laboratory Co., Ltd., International Biotech Island, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xijie Fan
- GuangZhou KingMed Center For Clinical Laboratory Co., Ltd., International Biotech Island, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jianchao Li
- Laboratory of Molecular and Structural Biology, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Kuangyu Yen
- Department of Developmental Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Kuangyu Yen, ; Shihui Yu, ; Qifa Liu, ; Jin Xu,
| | - Shihui Yu
- GuangZhou KingMed Center For Clinical Laboratory Co., Ltd., International Biotech Island, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Kuangyu Yen, ; Shihui Yu, ; Qifa Liu, ; Jin Xu,
| | - Qifa Liu
- Department of Hematology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Kuangyu Yen, ; Shihui Yu, ; Qifa Liu, ; Jin Xu,
| | - Jin Xu
- Laboratory of Immunology and Regeneration, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Kuangyu Yen, ; Shihui Yu, ; Qifa Liu, ; Jin Xu,
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15
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Kirolos SA, Gomer RH. A chemorepellent inhibits local Ras activation to inhibit pseudopod formation to bias cell movement away from the chemorepellent. Mol Biol Cell 2021; 33:ar9. [PMID: 34788129 PMCID: PMC8886819 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e20-10-0656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The ability of cells to sense chemical gradients is essential during development, morphogenesis, and immune responses. Although much is known about chemoattraction, chemorepulsion remains poorly understood. Proliferating Dictyostelium cells secrete a chemorepellent protein called AprA. AprA prevents pseudopod formation at the region of the cell closest to the source of AprA, causing the random movement of cells to be biased away from the AprA. Activation of Ras proteins in a localized sector of a cell cortex helps to induce pseudopod formation, and Ras proteins are needed for AprA chemorepulsion. Here we show that AprA locally inhibits Ras cortical activation through the G protein–coupled receptor GrlH, the G protein subunits Gβ and Gα8, Ras protein RasG, protein kinase B, the p21-activated kinase PakD, and the extracellular signal–regulated kinase Erk1. Diffusion calculations and experiments indicate that in a colony of cells, high extracellular concentrations of AprA in the center can globally inhibit Ras activation, while a gradient of AprA that naturally forms at the edge of the colony allows cells to activate Ras at sectors of the cell other than the sector of the cell closest to the center of the colony, effectively inducing both repulsion from the colony and cell differentiation. Together, these results suggest that a pathway that inhibits local Ras activation can mediate chemorepulsion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara A Kirolos
- Department of Biology, Texas A&M University, 301 Old Main Drive, College Station, Texas, 77843-3474 USA
| | - Richard H Gomer
- Department of Biology, Texas A&M University, 301 Old Main Drive, College Station, Texas, 77843-3474 USA
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16
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TNF-α-mediated m 6A modification of ELMO1 triggers directional migration of mesenchymal stem cell in ankylosing spondylitis. Nat Commun 2021; 12:5373. [PMID: 34508078 PMCID: PMC8433149 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-25710-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2020] [Accepted: 08/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is a type of rheumatic disease characterized by chronic inflammation and pathological osteogenesis in the entheses. Previously, we demonstrated that enhanced osteogenic differentiation of MSC from AS patients (AS-MSC) resulted in pathological osteogenesis, and that during the enhanced osteogenic differentiation course, AS-MSC induced TNF-α-mediated local inflammation. However, whether TNF-α in turn affects AS-MSC remains unknown. Herein, we further demonstrate that a high-concentration TNF-α treatment triggers enhanced directional migration of AS-MSC in vitro and in vivo, which enforces AS pathogenesis. Mechanistically, TNF-α leads to increased expression of ELMO1 in AS-MSC, which is mediated by a METTL14 dependent m6A modification in ELMO1 3′UTR. Higher ELMO1 expression of AS-MSC is found in vivo in AS patients, and inhibiting ELMO1 in SKG mice produces therapeutic effects in this spondyloarthritis model. This study may provide insight into not only the pathogenesis but also clinical therapy for AS. Abnormal functions of mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) contribute into the pathogenensis of ankylosing spondylitis (AS). Here, the authors show that TNF-α at high concentration induces enhances migration of AS-MSC through METTL14 mediated m6A modification of the ELMO1 3′ UTR.
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17
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Hashimoto T, Yoshida K, Hashiramoto A, Matsui K. Cell-Free DNA in Rheumatoid Arthritis. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22168941. [PMID: 34445645 PMCID: PMC8396202 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22168941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Revised: 08/14/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Endogenous DNA derived from the nuclei or mitochondria is released into the bloodstream following cell damage or death. Extracellular DNA, called cell-free DNA (cfDNA), is associated with various pathological conditions. Recently, multiple aspects of cfDNA have been assessed, including cfDNA levels, integrity, methylation, and mutations. Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is the most common form of autoimmune arthritis, and treatment of RA has highly varied outcomes. cfDNA in patients with RA is elevated in peripheral blood and synovial fluid and is associated with disease activity. Profiling of cfDNA in patients with RA may then be utilized in various aspects of clinical practice, such as the prediction of prognosis and treatment responses; monitoring disease state; and as a diagnostic marker. In this review, we discuss cfDNA in patients with RA, particularly the sources of cfDNA and the correlation of cfDNA with RA pathogenesis. We also highlight the potential of analyzing cfDNA profiles to guide individualized treatment approaches for RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teppei Hashimoto
- Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya 6638501, Japan;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-798-48-6591
| | - Kohsuke Yoshida
- Department of Biophysics, Kobe University Graduate School of Health Sciences, Kobe 6540142, Japan; (K.Y.); (A.H.)
| | - Akira Hashiramoto
- Department of Biophysics, Kobe University Graduate School of Health Sciences, Kobe 6540142, Japan; (K.Y.); (A.H.)
| | - Kiyoshi Matsui
- Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya 6638501, Japan;
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18
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ELMO1 signaling is a promoter of osteoclast function and bone loss. Nat Commun 2021; 12:4974. [PMID: 34404802 PMCID: PMC8371122 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-25239-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2020] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteoporosis affects millions worldwide and is often caused by osteoclast induced bone loss. Here, we identify the cytoplasmic protein ELMO1 as an important ‘signaling node’ in osteoclasts. We note that ELMO1 SNPs associate with bone abnormalities in humans, and that ELMO1 deletion in mice reduces bone loss in four in vivo models: osteoprotegerin deficiency, ovariectomy, and two types of inflammatory arthritis. Our transcriptomic analyses coupled with CRISPR/Cas9 genetic deletion identify Elmo1 associated regulators of osteoclast function, including cathepsin G and myeloperoxidase. Further, we define the ‘ELMO1 interactome’ in osteoclasts via proteomics and reveal proteins required for bone degradation. ELMO1 also contributes to osteoclast sealing zone on bone-like surfaces and distribution of osteoclast-specific proteases. Finally, a 3D structure-based ELMO1 inhibitory peptide reduces bone resorption in wild type osteoclasts. Collectively, we identify ELMO1 as a signaling hub that regulates osteoclast function and bone loss, with relevance to osteoporosis and arthritis. Osteoporosis and bone fractures affect millions of patients worldwide and are often due to increased bone resorption. Here the authors identify the cytoplasmic protein ELMO1 as an important ‘signaling node’ promoting the bone resorption function of osteoclasts.
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19
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Liang X, Hou Y, Han L, Yu S, Zhang Y, Cao X, Yan J. ELMO1 Regulates RANKL-Stimulated Differentiation and Bone Resorption of Osteoclasts. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:702916. [PMID: 34381782 PMCID: PMC8350380 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.702916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone homeostasis is a metabolic balance between the new bone formation by osteoblasts and old bone resorption by osteoclasts. Excessive osteoclastic bone resorption results in low bone mass, which is the major cause of bone diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis. Small GTPases Rac1 is a key regulator of osteoclast differentiation, but its exact mechanism is not fully understood. ELMO and DOCK proteins form complexes that function as guanine nucleotide exchange factors for Rac activation. Here, we report that ELMO1 plays an important role in differentiation and bone resorption of osteoclasts. Osteoclast precursors derived from bone marrow monocytes (BMMs) of Elmo1–/– mice display defective adhesion and migration during differentiation. The cells also have a reduced activation of Rac1, p38, JNK, and AKT in response to RANKL stimulation. Importantly, we show that bone erosion is alleviated in Elmo1–/– mice in a rheumatoid arthritis mouse model. Taken together, our results suggest that ELMO1, as a regulator of Rac1, regulates osteoclast differentiation and bone resorption both in vitro and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyue Liang
- School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yafei Hou
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Lijuan Han
- School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shuxiang Yu
- School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yunyun Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiumei Cao
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianshe Yan
- School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China.,Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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20
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Nikopensius T, Niibo P, Haller T, Jagomägi T, Voog-Oras Ü, Tõnisson N, Metspalu A, Saag M, Pruunsild C. Association analysis of juvenile idiopathic arthritis genetic susceptibility factors in Estonian patients. Clin Rheumatol 2021; 40:4157-4165. [PMID: 34101054 PMCID: PMC8463396 DOI: 10.1007/s10067-021-05756-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2021] [Revised: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Background Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) is the most common chronic rheumatic condition of childhood. Genetic association studies have revealed several JIA susceptibility loci with the strongest effect size observed in the human leukocyte antigen (HLA) region. Genome-wide association studies have augmented the number of JIA-associated loci, particularly for non-HLA genes. The aim of this study was to identify new associations at non-HLA loci predisposing to the risk of JIA development in Estonian patients. Methods We performed genome-wide association analyses in an entire JIA case–control sample (All-JIA) and in a case–control sample for oligoarticular JIA, the most prevalent JIA subtype. The entire cohort was genotyped using the Illumina HumanOmniExpress BeadChip arrays. After imputation, 16,583,468 variants were analyzed in 263 cases and 6956 controls. Results We demonstrated nominal evidence of association for 12 novel non-HLA loci not previously implicated in JIA predisposition. We replicated known JIA associations in CLEC16A and VCTN1 regions in the oligoarticular JIA sample. The strongest associations in the All-JIA analysis were identified at PRKG1 (P = 2,54 × 10−6), LTBP1 (P = 9,45 × 10−6), and ELMO1 (P = 1,05 × 10−5). In the oligoarticular JIA analysis, the strongest associations were identified at NFIA (P = 5,05 × 10−6), LTBP1 (P = 9,95 × 10−6), MX1 (P = 1,65 × 10−5), and CD200R1 (P = 2,59 × 10−5). Conclusion This study increases the number of known JIA risk loci and provides additional evidence for the existence of overlapping genetic risk loci between JIA and other autoimmune diseases, particularly rheumatoid arthritis. The reported loci are involved in molecular pathways of immunological relevance and likely represent genomic regions that confer susceptibility to JIA in Estonian patients.
Key Points • Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) is the most common childhood rheumatic disease with heterogeneous presentation and genetic predisposition. • Present genome-wide association study for Estonian JIA patients is first of its kind in Northern and Northeastern Europe. • The results of the present study increase the knowledge about JIA risk loci replicating some previously described associations, so adding weight to their relevance and describing novel loci. • The study provides additional evidence for the existence of overlapping genetic risk loci between JIA and other autoimmune diseases, particularly rheumatoid arthritis. |
Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s10067-021-05756-x.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiit Nikopensius
- Estonian Genome Center, Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Riia 23B, 51010, Tartu, Estonia.
| | - Priit Niibo
- Institute of Dentistry, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Toomas Haller
- Estonian Genome Center, Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Riia 23B, 51010, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Triin Jagomägi
- Institute of Dentistry, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Ülle Voog-Oras
- Institute of Dentistry, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia.,Stomatology Clinic, Tartu University Hospital, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Neeme Tõnisson
- Estonian Genome Center, Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Riia 23B, 51010, Tartu, Estonia.,Department of Clinical Genetics, United Laboratories, Tartu University Hospital, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Andres Metspalu
- Estonian Genome Center, Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Riia 23B, 51010, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Mare Saag
- Institute of Dentistry, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Chris Pruunsild
- Children's Clinic, Tartu University Hospital, Tartu, Estonia.,Children's Clinic, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
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21
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Smyth LJ, Kilner J, Nair V, Liu H, Brennan E, Kerr K, Sandholm N, Cole J, Dahlström E, Syreeni A, Salem RM, Nelson RG, Looker HC, Wooster C, Anderson K, McKay GJ, Kee F, Young I, Andrews D, Forsblom C, Hirschhorn JN, Godson C, Groop PH, Maxwell AP, Susztak K, Kretzler M, Florez JC, McKnight AJ. Assessment of differentially methylated loci in individuals with end-stage kidney disease attributed to diabetic kidney disease: an exploratory study. Clin Epigenetics 2021; 13:99. [PMID: 33933144 PMCID: PMC8088646 DOI: 10.1186/s13148-021-01081-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2020] [Accepted: 04/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A subset of individuals with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) are predisposed to developing diabetic kidney disease (DKD), the most common cause globally of end-stage kidney disease (ESKD). Emerging evidence suggests epigenetic changes in DNA methylation may have a causal role in both T1DM and DKD. The aim of this exploratory investigation was to assess differences in blood-derived DNA methylation patterns between individuals with T1DM-ESKD and individuals with long-duration T1DM but no evidence of kidney disease upon repeated testing to identify potential blood-based biomarkers. Blood-derived DNA from individuals (107 cases, 253 controls and 14 experimental controls) were bisulphite treated before DNA methylation patterns from both groups were generated and analysed using Illumina's Infinium MethylationEPIC BeadChip arrays (n = 862,927 sites). Differentially methylated CpG sites (dmCpGs) were identified (false discovery rate adjusted p ≤ × 10-8 and fold change ± 2) by comparing methylation levels between ESKD cases and T1DM controls at single site resolution. Gene annotation and functionality was investigated to enrich and rank methylated regions associated with ESKD in T1DM. RESULTS Top-ranked genes within which several dmCpGs were located and supported by functional data with methylation look-ups in other cohorts include: AFF3, ARID5B, CUX1, ELMO1, FKBP5, HDAC4, ITGAL, LY9, PIM1, RUNX3, SEPTIN9 and UPF3A. Top-ranked enrichment pathways included pathways in cancer, TGF-β signalling and Th17 cell differentiation. CONCLUSIONS Epigenetic alterations provide a dynamic link between an individual's genetic background and their environmental exposures. This robust evaluation of DNA methylation in carefully phenotyped individuals has identified biomarkers associated with ESKD, revealing several genes and implicated key pathways associated with ESKD in individuals with T1DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- L J Smyth
- Molecular Epidemiology Research Group, Centre for Public Health, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK.
| | - J Kilner
- Molecular Epidemiology Research Group, Centre for Public Health, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | - V Nair
- Internal Medicine, Department of Nephrology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - H Liu
- Department of Department of Medicine/ Nephrology, Department of Genetics, Institute of Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - E Brennan
- Diabetes Complications Research Centre, Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Research, School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - K Kerr
- Molecular Epidemiology Research Group, Centre for Public Health, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | - N Sandholm
- Folkhälsan Institute of Genetics, Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland.,Abdominal Center, Nephrology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.,Research Program for Clinical and Molecular Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - J Cole
- Programs in Metabolism and Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.,Division of Endocrinology and Center for Basic and Translational Obesity Research, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.,Diabetes Unit and Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - E Dahlström
- Folkhälsan Institute of Genetics, Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland.,Abdominal Center, Nephrology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.,Research Program for Clinical and Molecular Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - A Syreeni
- Folkhälsan Institute of Genetics, Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland.,Abdominal Center, Nephrology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.,Research Program for Clinical and Molecular Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - R M Salem
- Department of Family Medicine and Public Health, UC San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - R G Nelson
- Chronic Kidney Disease Section, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - H C Looker
- Chronic Kidney Disease Section, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - C Wooster
- Molecular Epidemiology Research Group, Centre for Public Health, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | - K Anderson
- Molecular Epidemiology Research Group, Centre for Public Health, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | - G J McKay
- Molecular Epidemiology Research Group, Centre for Public Health, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | - F Kee
- Molecular Epidemiology Research Group, Centre for Public Health, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | - I Young
- Molecular Epidemiology Research Group, Centre for Public Health, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | - D Andrews
- Diabetes Complications Research Centre, Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Research, School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - C Forsblom
- Folkhälsan Institute of Genetics, Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland.,Abdominal Center, Nephrology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.,Research Program for Clinical and Molecular Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - J N Hirschhorn
- Programs in Metabolism and Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.,Division of Endocrinology and Center for Basic and Translational Obesity Research, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.,Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - C Godson
- Diabetes Complications Research Centre, Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Research, School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - P H Groop
- Folkhälsan Institute of Genetics, Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland.,Abdominal Center, Nephrology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.,Research Program for Clinical and Molecular Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.,Department of Diabetes, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - A P Maxwell
- Molecular Epidemiology Research Group, Centre for Public Health, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK.,Regional Nephrology Unit, Belfast City Hospital, Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - K Susztak
- Department of Department of Medicine/ Nephrology, Department of Genetics, Institute of Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - M Kretzler
- Internal Medicine, Department of Nephrology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - J C Florez
- Programs in Metabolism and Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.,Division of Endocrinology and Center for Basic and Translational Obesity Research, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.,Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - A J McKnight
- Molecular Epidemiology Research Group, Centre for Public Health, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
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22
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Wright K, de Silva K, Plain KM, Purdie AC, Blair TA, Duggin IG, Britton WJ, Oehlers SH. Mycobacterial infection-induced miR-206 inhibits protective neutrophil recruitment via the CXCL12/CXCR4 signalling axis. PLoS Pathog 2021; 17:e1009186. [PMID: 33826679 PMCID: PMC8055004 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1009186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2020] [Revised: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Pathogenic mycobacteria actively dysregulate protective host immune signalling pathways during infection to drive the formation of permissive granuloma microenvironments. Dynamic regulation of host microRNA (miRNA) expression is a conserved feature of mycobacterial infections across host-pathogen pairings. Here we examine the role of miR-206 in the zebrafish model of Mycobacterium marinum infection, which allows investigation of the early stages of granuloma formation. We find miR-206 is upregulated following infection by pathogenic M. marinum and that antagomir-mediated knockdown of miR-206 is protective against infection. We observed striking upregulation of cxcl12a and cxcr4b in infected miR-206 knockdown zebrafish embryos and live imaging revealed enhanced recruitment of neutrophils to sites of infection. We used CRISPR/Cas9-mediated knockdown of cxcl12a and cxcr4b expression and AMD3100 inhibition of Cxcr4 to show that the enhanced neutrophil response and reduced bacterial burden caused by miR-206 knockdown was dependent on the Cxcl12/Cxcr4 signalling axis. Together, our data illustrate a pathway through which pathogenic mycobacteria induce host miR-206 expression to suppress Cxcl12/Cxcr4 signalling and prevent protective neutrophil recruitment to granulomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathryn Wright
- Tuberculosis Research Program at the Centenary Institute, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia
- The University of Sydney, Faculty of Science, Sydney School of Veterinary Science, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Kumudika de Silva
- The University of Sydney, Faculty of Science, Sydney School of Veterinary Science, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Karren M. Plain
- The University of Sydney, Faculty of Science, Sydney School of Veterinary Science, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Auriol C. Purdie
- The University of Sydney, Faculty of Science, Sydney School of Veterinary Science, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Tamika A. Blair
- ithree Institute, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Iain G. Duggin
- ithree Institute, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Warwick J. Britton
- Tuberculosis Research Program at the Centenary Institute, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Stefan H. Oehlers
- Tuberculosis Research Program at the Centenary Institute, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia
- The University of Sydney, Faculty of Medicine and Health & Marie Bashir Institute, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia
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23
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Epigenome wide association study of response to methotrexate in early rheumatoid arthritis patients. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0247709. [PMID: 33690661 PMCID: PMC7946177 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0247709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2020] [Accepted: 02/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim To identify differentially methylated positions (DMPs) and regions (DMRs) that predict response to Methotrexate (MTX) in early rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients. Materials and methods DNA from baseline peripheral blood mononuclear cells was extracted from 72 RA patients. DNA methylation, quantified using the Infinium MethylationEPIC, was assessed in relation to response to MTX (combination) therapy over the first 3 months. Results Baseline DMPs associated with response were identified; including hits previously described in RA. Additionally, 1309 DMR regions were observed. However, none of these findings were genome-wide significant. Likewise, no specific pathways were related to response, nor could we replicate associations with previously identified DMPs. Conclusion No baseline genome-wide significant differences were identified as biomarker for MTX (combination) therapy response; hence meta-analyses are required.
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24
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Qiu C, Han Y, Zhang H, Liu T, Hou H, Luo D, Yu M, Bian K, Zhao Y, Xiao X. Perspectives on long pentraxin 3 and rheumatoid arthritis: several potential breakthrough points relying on study foundation of the past. Int J Med Sci 2021; 18:1886-1898. [PMID: 33746606 PMCID: PMC7976587 DOI: 10.7150/ijms.54787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2020] [Accepted: 01/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a systemic chronic autoimmune inflammatory disease which is mainly characterized by synovitis and results in a severe burden for both the individual and society. To date, the underlying mechanisms of RA are still poorly understood. Pentraxin 3 (PTX3) is a typical long pentraxin protein which has been highly conserved during evolution. Meanwhile, functions as well as properties of PTX3 have been extensively studied. Several studies identified that PTX3 plays a predominate role in infection, inflammation, immunity and tumor. Interestingly, PTX3 has also been verified to be closely associated with development of RA. We therefore accomplished an elaboration of the relationships between PTX3 and RA. Herein, we mainly focus on the associated cell types and cognate cytokines involved in RA, in combination with PTX3. This review infers the insight into the interaction of PTX3 in RA and aims to provide novel clues for potential therapeutic target of RA in clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Qiu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Jinan 250014, Shandong, P. R. China.,Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, Shandong, P. R. China.,Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, Shandong, P. R. China
| | - Yichao Han
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Jinan 250014, Shandong, P. R. China.,Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, Shandong, P. R. China
| | - Hanwen Zhang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Jinan 250014, Shandong, P. R. China.,Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, Shandong, P. R. China
| | - Tianyi Liu
- Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, Shandong, P. R. China
| | - Haodong Hou
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Jinan 250014, Shandong, P. R. China.,Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, Shandong, P. R. China
| | - Dan Luo
- College of Stomatology, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, Shandong, P. R. China
| | - Mingzhi Yu
- Key Laboratory of High Efficiency and Clean Manufacturing, School of Mechanical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, Shandong, P. R. China
| | - Kai Bian
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Jinan 250014, Shandong, P. R. China.,Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, Shandong, P. R. China
| | - Yunpeng Zhao
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, Shandong, P. R. China
| | - Xing Xiao
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Jinan 250014, Shandong, P. R. China
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25
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Zhang S, Cai Y, Zhang J, Liu X, He L, Cheng L, Hua K, Hui W, Zhu J, Wan Y, Cui Y. Tetra-primer ARMS-PCR combined with GoldMag lateral flow assay for genotyping: simultaneous visual detection of both alleles. NANOSCALE 2020; 12:10098-10105. [PMID: 32350488 DOI: 10.1039/d0nr00360c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Rapid and simple detection of single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) is vital for individualized diagnosis and eventual treatment in the current clinical setting. In this study, we developed a tetra-primer ARMS-PCR combined lateral flow assay (T-ARMS-PCR-LFA) method for simultaneous visual detection of two alleles. By using four primers labeled with digoxin, biotin and Cy5 separately in one PCR reaction, the amplified allele-specific products could be captured by streptavidin and the anti-Cy5 antibody on two separated test lines of a LFA strip, which allows the presentation of both alleles within the single LFA strip. Both DNA and whole blood can be used as templates in this genotyping method in which the whole detection process is completed within 75 minutes. The performance assay of T-ARMS-PCR-LFA demonstrates the accuracy, specificity and sensitivity of this method. One hundred human whole blood samples were used for MTHFR C677T genotyping in T-ARMS-PCR-LFA. The concordance rate of the results detected was up to 100% when compared with that of the sequencing results. Collectively, this newly developed method is highly applicable for SNP screening in clinical practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sinong Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710069, China.
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26
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Kotelevets L, Chastre E. Rac1 Signaling: From Intestinal Homeostasis to Colorectal Cancer Metastasis. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12030665. [PMID: 32178475 PMCID: PMC7140047 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12030665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2020] [Revised: 03/06/2020] [Accepted: 03/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The small GTPase Rac1 has been implicated in a variety of dynamic cell biological processes, including cell proliferation, cell survival, cell-cell contacts, epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT), cell motility, and invasiveness. These processes are orchestrated through the fine tuning of Rac1 activity by upstream cell surface receptors and effectors that regulate the cycling Rac1-GDP (off state)/Rac1-GTP (on state), but also through the tuning of Rac1 accumulation, activity, and subcellular localization by post translational modifications or recruitment into molecular scaffolds. Another level of regulation involves Rac1 transcripts stability and splicing. Downstream, Rac1 initiates a series of signaling networks, including regulatory complex of actin cytoskeleton remodeling, activation of protein kinases (PAKs, MAPKs) and transcription factors (NFkB, Wnt/β-catenin/TCF, STAT3, Snail), production of reactive oxygen species (NADPH oxidase holoenzymes, mitochondrial ROS). Thus, this GTPase, its regulators, and effector systems might be involved at different steps of the neoplastic progression from dysplasia to the metastatic cascade. After briefly placing Rac1 and its effector systems in the more general context of intestinal homeostasis and in wound healing after intestinal injury, the present review mainly focuses on the several levels of Rac1 signaling pathway dysregulation in colorectal carcinogenesis, their biological significance, and their clinical impact.
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Affiliation(s)
- Larissa Kotelevets
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, UMR S 938, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, 75012 Paris, France
- Sorbonne Université, Hôpital Saint-Antoine, Site Bâtiment Kourilsky, 75012 Paris, France
- Correspondence: (L.K.); (E.C.)
| | - Eric Chastre
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, UMR S 938, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, 75012 Paris, France
- Sorbonne Université, Hôpital Saint-Antoine, Site Bâtiment Kourilsky, 75012 Paris, France
- Correspondence: (L.K.); (E.C.)
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27
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Wang S, Liu F, Tan KS, Ser HL, Tan LTH, Lee LH, Tan W. Effect of (R)-salbutamol on the switch of phenotype and metabolic pattern in LPS-induced macrophage cells. J Cell Mol Med 2019; 24:722-736. [PMID: 31680470 PMCID: PMC6933346 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.14780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2019] [Revised: 07/05/2019] [Accepted: 08/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Evidence demonstrates that M1 macrophage polarization promotes inflammatory disease. Here, we discovered that (R)‐salbutamol, a β2 receptor agonist, inhibits and reprograms the cellular metabolism of RAW264.7 macrophages. (R)‐salbutamol significantly inhibited LPS‐induced M1 macrophage polarization and downregulated expressions of typical M1 macrophage cytokines, including monocyte chemotactic protein‐1 (MCP‐1), interleukin‐1β (IL‐1β) and tumour necrosis factor α (TNF‐α). Also, (R)‐salbutamol significantly decreased the production of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), nitric oxide (NO) and reactive oxygen species (ROS), while increasing the reduced glutathione (GSH)/oxidized glutathione (GSSG) ratio. In contrast, (S)‐salbutamol increased the production of NO and ROS. Bioenergetic profiles showed that (R)‐salbutamol significantly reduced aerobic glycolysis and enhanced mitochondrial respiration. Untargeted metabolomics analysis demonstrated that (R)‐salbutamol modulated metabolic pathways, of which three metabolic pathways, namely, (a) phenylalanine metabolism, (b) the pentose phosphate pathway and (c) glycerophospholipid metabolism were the most noticeably impacted pathways. The effects of (R)‐salbutamol on M1 polarization were inhibited by a specific β2 receptor antagonist, ICI‐118551. These findings demonstrated that (R)‐salbutamol inhibits the M1 phenotype by downregulating aerobic glycolysis and glycerophospholipid metabolism, which may propose (R)‐salbutamol as the major pharmacologically active component of racemic salbutamol for the treatment of inflammatory diseases and highlight the medicinal value of (R)‐salbutamol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanping Wang
- School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Fei Liu
- Institute of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Keai Sinn Tan
- Institute of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hooi-Leng Ser
- Institute of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, China.,Novel Bacteria and Drug Discovery (NBDD) Research Group, Microbiome and Bioresource Research Strength, Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway, Malaysia
| | - Loh Teng-Hern Tan
- Institute of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, China.,Novel Bacteria and Drug Discovery (NBDD) Research Group, Microbiome and Bioresource Research Strength, Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway, Malaysia
| | - Learn-Han Lee
- Novel Bacteria and Drug Discovery (NBDD) Research Group, Microbiome and Bioresource Research Strength, Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway, Malaysia
| | - Wen Tan
- Institute of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, China.,Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway, Malaysia
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28
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Unmasking the double life of ELMO1. Nat Rev Rheumatol 2019; 15:127. [PMID: 30718892 DOI: 10.1038/s41584-019-0180-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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