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Yu F, Ma J, Xu K, Tang Y, Wu B, Gu W, Shi Y. Effects of liver X receptor in O3-induced airway inflammation and remodeling in mice. J Thorac Dis 2024; 16:5005-5017. [PMID: 39268130 PMCID: PMC11388256 DOI: 10.21037/jtd-23-1820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2024] [Indexed: 09/15/2024]
Abstract
Background The current clinical treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) mainly uses drugs to improve symptoms, but these drugs cannot reverse the progression of the disease and the pathological changes in lung tissue. This study aimed to investigate the effects and mechanisms of Liver X receptors (LXRs) in ozone (O3)-induced airway inflammation and remodeling in mice. Methods Wild mice and LXR deficient mice were exposed to O3 twice a week for 6 weeks. Some wild mice were intraperitoneally injected with T0901317 (a LXR agonist) before O3 exposure. Wild mice were exposed to ambient air and intraperitoneally injected with normal saline (NS) as control group. The lung tissues and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) were collected to evaluate airway inflammation, airway remodeling and lipid disorder. Results After O3 exposure, LXR deficient mice showed severe airway inflammation and airway remodeling compared with the wild mice. There were a lot of foamy macrophages appeared in BALF of LXR deficient mice. The inflammatory proteins such as myeloid differentiation primary response protein 88 (MyD88) and interleukin-1 receptor-associated kinase (IRAK) in the lung tissues of LXR deficient mice were significantly increased compared with the wild mice. In wild mice exposed to O3, T0901317 treatment can alleviate airway inflammation, airway remodeling and foamy macrophages in BALF. And MyD88 and IRAK expression in lung tissue were also attenuated by T0901317 treatment. Conclusions LXRs play protective roles in O3-induced lipid accumulation, airway inflammation and airway remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fenfang Yu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jiyong Ma
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ke Xu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Nanjing Yuhua Hospital, Yuhua Branch of Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing, China
| | - Yu Tang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Bining Wu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Nanjing Yuhua Hospital, Yuhua Branch of Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing, China
| | - Wei Gu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ying Shi
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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2
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Tan KBC, Alexander HD, Linden J, Murray EK, Gibson DS. Anti-inflammatory effects of phytocannabinoids and terpenes on inflamed Tregs and Th17 cells in vitro. Exp Mol Pathol 2024; 139:104924. [PMID: 39208564 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexmp.2024.104924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Revised: 08/13/2024] [Accepted: 08/21/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
AIMS Phytocannabinoids and terpenes from Cannabis sativa have demonstrated limited anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects in several inflammatory conditions. In the current study, we test the hypothesis that phytocannabinoids exert immunomodulatory effects in vitro by decreasing inflammatory cytokine expression and activation. KEY METHODS CD3/CD28 and lipopolysaccharide activated peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from healthy donors (n = 6) were treated with phytocannabinoid compounds and terpenes in vitro. Flow cytometry was used to determine regulatory T cell (Treg) and T helper 17 (Th17) cell responses to treatments. Cell pellets were harvested for qRT-PCR gene expression analysis of cytokines, cell activation markers, and inflammation-related receptors. Cell culture supernatants were analysed by ELISA to quantify IL-6, TNF-α and IL-10 secretion. MAIN FINDINGS In an initial screen of 20 μM cannabinoids and terpenes which were coded to blind investigators, cannabigerol (GL4a), caryophyllene oxide (GL5a) and gamma-terpinene (GL6a) significantly reduced cytotoxicity and gene expression levels of IL6, IL10, TNF, TRPV1, CNR1, HTR1A, FOXP3, RORC and NFKΒ1. Tetrahydrocannabinol (GL7a) suppression of T cell activation was associated with downregulation of RORC and NFKΒ1 gene expression and reduced IL-6 (p < 0.0001) and IL10 (p < 0.01) secretion. Cannabidiol (GL1b) significantly suppressed activation of Tregs (p < 0.05) and Th17 cells (p < 0.05) in a follow-on in vitro dose-response study. IL-6 (p < 0.01) and IL-10 (p < 0.01) secretion was significantly reduced with 50 μM cannabidiol. SIGNIFICANCE The study provides the first evidence that cannabidiol and tetrahydrocannabinol suppress extracellular expression of both anti- and pro-inflammatory cytokines in an in vitro PBMC model of inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyle B C Tan
- Personalised Medicine Centre, School of Medicine, Ulster University, C-TRIC Building, Londonderry BT47 6SB, United Kingdom
| | - H Denis Alexander
- Personalised Medicine Centre, School of Medicine, Ulster University, C-TRIC Building, Londonderry BT47 6SB, United Kingdom
| | - James Linden
- GreenLight Pharmaceuticals Ltd, Unit 2, Block E, Nutgrove Office Park, Dublin 14, Ireland
| | - Elaine K Murray
- Personalised Medicine Centre, School of Medicine, Ulster University, C-TRIC Building, Londonderry BT47 6SB, United Kingdom
| | - David S Gibson
- Personalised Medicine Centre, School of Medicine, Ulster University, C-TRIC Building, Londonderry BT47 6SB, United Kingdom.
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Jyotsna, Sarkar B, Yadav M, Deka A, Markandey M, Sanyal P, Nagarajan P, Gaikward N, Ahuja V, Mohanty D, Basak S, Gokhale RS. A hepatocyte-specific transcriptional program driven by Rela and Stat3 exacerbates experimental colitis in mice by modulating bile synthesis. eLife 2024; 12:RP93273. [PMID: 39137024 PMCID: PMC11321761 DOI: 10.7554/elife.93273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Hepatic factors secreted by the liver promote homeostasis and are pivotal for maintaining the liver-gut axis. Bile acid metabolism is one such example wherein, bile acid synthesis occurs in the liver and its biotransformation happens in the intestine. Dysfunctional interactions between the liver and the intestine stimulate varied pathological outcomes through its bidirectional portal communication. Indeed, aberrant bile acid metabolism has been reported in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). However, the molecular mechanisms underlying these crosstalks that perpetuate intestinal permeability and inflammation remain obscure. Here, we identify a novel hepatic gene program regulated by Rela and Stat3 that accentuates the inflammation in an acute experimental colitis model. Hepatocyte-specific ablation of Rela and Stat3 reduces the levels of primary bile acids in both the liver and the gut and shows a restricted colitogenic phenotype. On supplementation of chenodeoxycholic acid (CDCA), knock-out mice exhibit enhanced colitis-induced alterations. This study provides persuasive evidence for the development of multi-organ strategies for treating IBD and identifies a hepatocyte-specific Rela-Stat3 network as a promising therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jyotsna
- Immunometabolism Laboratory, National Institute of ImmunologyNew DelhiIndia
| | - Binayak Sarkar
- Immunometabolism Laboratory, National Institute of ImmunologyNew DelhiIndia
| | - Mohit Yadav
- Immunometabolism Laboratory, National Institute of ImmunologyNew DelhiIndia
| | - Alvina Deka
- System Immunology Laboratory, National Institute of ImmunologyNew DelhiIndia
| | - Manasvini Markandey
- Department of GastroEnterology, All India Institute of Medical SciencesNew DelhiIndia
| | | | - Perumal Nagarajan
- Immunometabolism Laboratory, National Institute of ImmunologyNew DelhiIndia
| | | | - Vineet Ahuja
- Department of GastroEnterology, All India Institute of Medical SciencesNew DelhiIndia
| | - Debasisa Mohanty
- Immunometabolism Laboratory, National Institute of ImmunologyNew DelhiIndia
| | - Soumen Basak
- System Immunology Laboratory, National Institute of ImmunologyNew DelhiIndia
| | - Rajesh S Gokhale
- Immunometabolism Laboratory, National Institute of ImmunologyNew DelhiIndia
- Department of Biology, Indian Institute of Science Education and ResearchPashanIndia
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4
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Kim JY, Jee HG, Kim JY, Yong TS, Jeon SH. NF-κB p65 and TCF-4 interactions are associated with LPS-stimulated IL-6 secretion of macrophages. Biochem Biophys Rep 2024; 38:101659. [PMID: 38352245 PMCID: PMC10859262 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrep.2024.101659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Proinflammatory cytokine plays a central role in host defense and acute inflammatory responses. Both positive and negative correlations of NF-κB and Wnt/β-catenin pathways have been reported depending on cell types in response to inflammatory stimuli for IL-6 cytokine production. Macrophages are vital to the regulation of immune responses and the development of inflammation, but the crosstalk between two pathways has not been elucidated so far in macrophages. We observed a positive cross-regulation between the NF-κB and Wnt/β-catenin pathways for IL-6 production in human macrophages. To verify the functional validity of this interaction, LY294002 or PNU74654, representative blockers of each pathway, were treated. IL-6 secretion was reduced to the basal level by both inhibitor treatments, even when stimulated by LPS. We also found that NF-κB p65 migrated to the nucleus and interacted with the transcription factor TCF-4 in macrophages upon LPS stimulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Youn Kim
- Division of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, Department of Dentistry, St. Vincent's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, 06591, South Korea
| | - Hyeon-Gun Jee
- Division of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, Department of Dentistry, St. Vincent's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, 06591, South Korea
| | - Ju Yeong Kim
- Department of Tropical Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03722, South Korea
| | - Tai-Soon Yong
- Department of Tropical Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03722, South Korea
| | - Soung-Hoo Jeon
- Department of Tropical Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03722, South Korea
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Ota N, Endo S, Honma K, Iwayama K, Yamashita H, Tatsunami R, Sato K. Chloroquine regulates the lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammatory response in RAW264.7 cells. Allergol Immunopathol (Madr) 2024; 52:97-103. [PMID: 38970272 DOI: 10.15586/aei.v52i4.1083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 07/08/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES Macrophage-induced inflammation plays a key role in defense against injury and harmful pathogens. Autophagy and the inflammatory response are associated; however, the relationship between the autophagy pathway and lipopolysaccharide (LPS)- induced inflammatory responses remains unknown. We aimed to determine the effect of autophagy on the LPS-induced myeloid differentiation factor 88 (MyD88)/nuclear transcription factor kB (NF-kB) pathway-mediated inflammatory response in RAW264.7 cells. MATERIALS AND METHODS To determine the effect of autophagy on the LPS-induced inflammatory response, using various in vitro assays, we determined the effect of autophagy inhibitors and inducers on the inflammatory response in RAW264.7 cells. RESULTS Chloroquine (CQ), an autophagy inhibitor, suppressed pro-inflammatory cytokines, including interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα) in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells. CQ also affected inflammatory mediators such as myeloid differentiation factor 88 and NF-kB in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells. CONCLUSION This study demonstrated that CQ regulates the LPS-induced inflammatory response in RAW264.7 cells. We propose that targeting the regulation of pro-inflammatory cytokine levels and inflammatory mediators using CQ is a promising therapeutic approach for preventing inflammatory injury. CQ serves as a potential therapeutic target for treating various inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natsuki Ota
- Department of Pharmacy, Hokkaido University of Science, 0068585 Sapporo, Japan
| | - Shoya Endo
- Department of Pharmacy, Hokkaido University of Science, 0068585 Sapporo, Japan
| | - Kouki Honma
- Department of Pharmacy, Hokkaido University of Science, 0068585 Sapporo, Japan
| | - Kuninori Iwayama
- Department of Pharmacy, Hokkaido University of Science, 0068585 Sapporo, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Yamashita
- Department of Pharmacy, Hokkaido University of Science, 0068585 Sapporo, Japan
| | - Ryosuke Tatsunami
- Department of Pharmacy, Hokkaido University of Science, 0068585 Sapporo, Japan
| | - Keisuke Sato
- Department of Pharmacy, Hokkaido University of Science, 0068585 Sapporo, Japan;
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6
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Chmielarz M, Sobieszczańska B, Środa-Pomianek K. Metabolic Endotoxemia: From the Gut to Neurodegeneration. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:7006. [PMID: 39000116 PMCID: PMC11241432 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25137006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2024] [Revised: 06/22/2024] [Accepted: 06/23/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Metabolic endotoxemia is a severe health problem for residents in developed countries who follow a Western diet, disrupting intestinal microbiota and the whole organism's homeostasis. Although the effect of endotoxin on the human immune system is well known, its long-term impact on the human body, lasting many months or even years, is unknown. This is due to the difficulty of conducting in vitro and in vivo studies on the prolonged effect of endotoxin on the central nervous system. In this article, based on the available literature, we traced the path of endotoxin from the intestines to the blood through the intestinal epithelium and factors promoting the development of metabolic endotoxemia. The presence of endotoxin in the bloodstream and the inflammation it induces may contribute to lowering the blood-brain barrier, potentially allowing its penetration into the central nervous system; although, the theory is still controversial. Microglia, guarding the central nervous system, are the first line of defense and respond to endotoxin with activation, which may contribute to the development of neurodegenerative diseases. We traced the pro-inflammatory role of endotoxin in neurodegenerative diseases and its impact on the epigenetic regulation of microglial phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mateusz Chmielarz
- Department of Microbiology, Wroclaw University of Medicine, Chalubinskiego 4 Street, 50-368 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Beata Sobieszczańska
- Department of Microbiology, Wroclaw University of Medicine, Chalubinskiego 4 Street, 50-368 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Kamila Środa-Pomianek
- Department of Biophysics and Neuroscience, Wroclaw University of Medicine, Chalubinskiego 3a, 50-368 Wroclaw, Poland
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7
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Filippo D, Guardone L, Listorti V, Elisabetta R. Microbiome in cancer: A comparative analysis between humans and dogs. Vet J 2024; 305:106145. [PMID: 38788999 DOI: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2024.106145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Revised: 04/22/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
Cancer is a major cause of death in humans and animals worldwide. While cancer survival rates have increased over recent decades, further research to identify risk factors for the onset and progression of disease, and safe and highly efficacious treatments, is needed. Spontaneous tumours in pets represent an excellent model for neoplastic disease in humans. In this regard, dogs are an interesting species, as the divergence between the dog and human genome is low, humans and dogs have important similarities in the development and functioning of the immune system, and both species often share the same physical environment. There is also a higher homology between the canine and human microbiome than murine model. This review aims to describe and organize recently published information on canine microbiome assemblages and their relationship with the onset and progression of colorectal cancer, breast cancer and lymphoma, and to compare this with human disease. In both species, dysbiosis can induce variations in the gut microbiota that strongly influence shifts in status between health and disease. This can produce an inflammatory state, potentially leading to neoplasia, especially in the intestine, thus supporting canine studies in comparative oncology. Intestinal dysbiosis can also alter the efficacy and side effects of cancer treatments. Fewer published studies are available on changes in the relevant microbiomes in canine lymphoma and mammary cancer, and further research in this area could improve our understanding of the role of microbiota in the development of these cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dell'Anno Filippo
- National Reference Center of Veterinary and Comparative Oncology (CEROVEC), Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Piemonte, Liguria e Valle d'Aosta, Genova 16129, Italy; Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, Section of Biostatistics and Clinical Epidemiology, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Lisa Guardone
- National Reference Center of Veterinary and Comparative Oncology (CEROVEC), Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Piemonte, Liguria e Valle d'Aosta, Genova 16129, Italy
| | - Valeria Listorti
- National Reference Center of Veterinary and Comparative Oncology (CEROVEC), Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Piemonte, Liguria e Valle d'Aosta, Genova 16129, Italy
| | - Razzuoli Elisabetta
- National Reference Center of Veterinary and Comparative Oncology (CEROVEC), Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Piemonte, Liguria e Valle d'Aosta, Genova 16129, Italy.
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8
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Kim MJ, Lim SG, Cho DH, Lee JY, Suk K, Lee WH. Regulation of inflammatory response by LINC00346 via miR-25-3p-mediated modulation of the PTEN/PI3K/AKT/NF-κB pathway. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2024; 709:149828. [PMID: 38537596 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2024.149828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Revised: 03/16/2024] [Accepted: 03/24/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
Long intergenic non-coding RNA 346 (LINC00346) has been reported to be involved in the development of atherosclerosis and specific cancers by affecting signaling pathways. However, its function in inflammation has not been thoroughly studied. Therefore, its expression pattern and function were determined in the human macrophage-like cell line THP-1. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) treatment induced the expression of LINC00346. LPS-induced NF-κB activation and proinflammatory cytokine expression were suppressed or enhanced by the overexpression or knockdown of LINC00346, respectively. Analyses using dual luciferase assay and decoy RNAs that could block RNA-RNA interactions indicated that LINC00346 improves phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) expression by sponging miR-25-3p. Subsequently, PTEN suppresses phosphoinositide-3 kinase (PI3K)-mediated conversion of phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate (PIP2) into phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate (PIP3) as well as consequent activation of protein kinase B (AKT) and NF-κB. Interestingly, database analysis revealed that the expression levels of LINC00346 and PTEN were simultaneously decreased in breast cancer tissues. Further analyses conducted using a breast cancer cell line, MDA-MB-231, confirmed the functional relationship among LINC00346, miR-25-3p, and PTEN in LPS-induced activation of NF-κB. These results indicate that miR-25-3p-sponging activity of LINC00346 affects the balance between PTEN and PI3K as well as the downstream activation of AKT/NF-κB pathway in inflammatory conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min-Ji Kim
- School of Life Sciences, BK21 FOUR KNU Creative BioResearch Group, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Su-Geun Lim
- School of Life Sciences, BK21 FOUR KNU Creative BioResearch Group, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Hyung Cho
- School of Life Sciences, BK21 FOUR KNU Creative BioResearch Group, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun-Yeong Lee
- School of Life Sciences, BK21 FOUR KNU Creative BioResearch Group, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyoungho Suk
- Department of Pharmacology, Brain Science & Engineering Institute, BK21 FOUR KNU Biomedical Convergence Program, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Daegu, 41944, Republic of Korea
| | - Won-Ha Lee
- School of Life Sciences, BK21 FOUR KNU Creative BioResearch Group, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea.
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9
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Woo IK, Hyun JH, Jang HJ, Lee NK, Paik HD. Probiotic Pediococcus acidilactici Strains Exert Anti-inflammatory Effects by Regulating Intracellular Signaling Pathways in LPS-Induced RAW 264.7 Cells. Probiotics Antimicrob Proteins 2024:10.1007/s12602-024-10263-x. [PMID: 38758481 DOI: 10.1007/s12602-024-10263-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
This study investigated the anti-inflammatory effects of Pediococcus acidilactici strains isolated from fermented vegetables on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages. In addition, the probiotic characteristics and safety were evaluated. Our results show that Ped. acidilactici strains possess high survivability in simulated gastrointestinal environments and strong attachment to HT-29 cells. All Ped. acidilactici strains exhibited γ-hemolysis and resistance to gentamicin, kanamycin, and streptomycin, a characteristic commonly observed in lactic acid bacteria. Treatment with Ped. acidilactici inhibited the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase and cyclooxygenase-2, leading to a subsequent reduction in nitric oxide and prostaglandin E2 production. Furthermore, the strains downregulated interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-6 mRNA levels, ultimately suppressing their production. We demonstrated that Ped. acidilactici strains could modulate the activation of nuclear factor-κB, mitogen-activated protein kinase, and activator protein-1, which are known to regulate inflammatory responses. Consequently, the anti-inflammatory properties of Ped. acidilactici strains in this study support their potential application as therapeutic agents for inflammatory diseases, providing molecular insights into next-generation functional probiotic products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Im-Kyung Woo
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology of Animal Resources, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun-Hyun Hyun
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology of Animal Resources, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye Ji Jang
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology of Animal Resources, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Na-Kyoung Lee
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology of Animal Resources, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-Dong Paik
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology of Animal Resources, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029, Republic of Korea.
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10
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Singh J, Bisht P, Srivastav S, Kumar Y, Sharma V, Kumar A, Akhtar MS, Khan MF, Aldosari SA, Yadav S, Yadav NK, Mukherjee M, Sharma AK. Amelioration of endothelial integrity by 3,5,4'-trihydroxy-trans-stilbene against high-fat-diet-induced obesity and -associated vasculopathy and myocardial infarction in rats, targeting TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB/iNOS signaling cascade. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2024; 705:149756. [PMID: 38460440 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2024.149756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Revised: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/11/2024]
Abstract
Exacerbated expression of TLR4 protein (foremost pattern recognition receptor) during obesity could trigger NF-κB/iNOS signaling through linker protein (MyD88), predisposed to an indispensable inflammatory response. The induction of this detrimental cascade leads to myocardial and vascular abnormalities. Molecular docking was studied for protein-ligand interaction between these potential targets and resveratrol. The pre-treatment of resveratrol (20 mg/kg/p.o/per day for ten weeks) was given to investigate the therapeutic effect against HFD-induced obesity and associated vascular endothelial dysfunction (VED) and myocardial infarction (MI) in Wistar rats. In addition to accessing the levels of serum biomarkers for VED and MI, oxidative stress, inflammatory cytokines, and histopathology of these tissues were investigated. Lipopolysaccharide (for receptor activation) and protein expression analysis were introduced to explore the mechanistic involvement of TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB/iNOS signaling. Assessment of in-silico analysis showed significant interaction between protein and ligand. The involvement of this proposed signaling (TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB/iNOS) was further endorsed by the impact of lipopolysaccharide and protein expression analysis in obese and treated rats. Moreover, resveratrol pre-treated rats showed significantly lowered cardio and vascular damage measured by the distinct down expression of the TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB/iNOS pathway by resveratrol treatment endorses its ameliorative effect against VED and MI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jitender Singh
- Department of Cardiovascular Pharmacology, Amity Institute of Pharmacy, Amity University, Gurugram, Haryana, 122413, India
| | - Priyanka Bisht
- Department of Cardiovascular Pharmacology, Amity Institute of Pharmacy, Amity University, Gurugram, Haryana, 122413, India
| | - Srishti Srivastav
- Department of Cardiovascular Pharmacology, Amity Institute of Pharmacy, Amity University, Gurugram, Haryana, 122413, India
| | - Yash Kumar
- Department of Cardiovascular Pharmacology, Amity Institute of Pharmacy, Amity University, Gurugram, Haryana, 122413, India
| | - Vikash Sharma
- Department of Cardiovascular Pharmacology, Amity Institute of Pharmacy, Amity University, Gurugram, Haryana, 122413, India
| | - Ashish Kumar
- Department of Cardiovascular Pharmacology, Amity Institute of Pharmacy, Amity University, Gurugram, Haryana, 122413, India
| | - Md Sayeed Akhtar
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Alfara, Abha, 62223, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohd Faiyaz Khan
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdul Aziz University, Al-Kharj, 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saad A Aldosari
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdul Aziz University, Al-Kharj, 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Snehlata Yadav
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Indra Gandhi University, Meerpur, Rewari, 122502, Haryana, India
| | - Nirmala K Yadav
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Indra Gandhi University, Meerpur, Rewari, 122502, Haryana, India
| | - Monalisa Mukherjee
- Molecular Sciences and Engineering Laboratory, Amity Institute of Click Chemistry Research and Studies, Amity University, Noida, Uttar Pradesh, 201303, India
| | - Arun K Sharma
- Department of Cardiovascular Pharmacology, Amity Institute of Pharmacy, Amity University, Gurugram, Haryana, 122413, India.
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11
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Boutanquoi PM, Khan AS, Cabeza L, Jantzen L, Gautier T, Yesylevskyy S, Ramseyer C, Masson D, Van Waes V, Hichami A, Khan NA. A novel fatty acid analogue triggers CD36-GPR120 interaction and exerts anti-inflammatory action in endotoxemia. Cell Mol Life Sci 2024; 81:176. [PMID: 38598021 PMCID: PMC11006773 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-024-05207-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Revised: 03/13/2024] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
Inflammation is a mediator of a number of chronic pathologies. We synthesized the diethyl (9Z,12Z)-octadeca-9,12-dien-1-ylphosphonate, called NKS3, which decreased lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced mRNA upregulation of proinflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α) not only in primary intraperitoneal and lung alveolar macrophages, but also in freshly isolated mice lung slices. The in-silico studies suggested that NKS3, being CD36 agonist, will bind to GPR120. Co-immunoprecipitation and proximity ligation assays demonstrated that NKS3 induced protein-protein interaction of CD36 with GPR120in RAW 264.7 macrophage cell line. Furthermore, NKS3, via GPR120, decreased LPS-induced activation of TAB1/TAK1/JNK pathway and the LPS-induced mRNA expression of inflammatory markers in RAW 264.7 cells. In the acute lung injury model, NKS3 decreased lung fibrosis and inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α) and nitric oxide (NO) production in broncho-alveolar lavage fluid. NKS3 exerted a protective effect on LPS-induced remodeling of kidney and liver, and reduced circulating IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α concentrations. In a septic shock model, NKS3 gavage decreased significantly the LPS-induced mortality in mice. In the last, NKS3 decreased neuroinflammation in diet-induced obese mice. Altogether, these results suggest that NKS3 is a novel anti-inflammatory agent that could be used, in the future, for the treatment of inflammation-associated pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierre-Marie Boutanquoi
- Physiologie de la Nutrition & Toxicologie, UMR U1231 INSERM/Université de Bourgogne/Agro-Sup, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 6 Boulevard Gabriel, 21000, Dijon, France
- FCS Bourgogne-Franche Comté, LipSTIC LabEx, Dijon, France
| | - Amira Sayed Khan
- Physiologie de la Nutrition & Toxicologie, UMR U1231 INSERM/Université de Bourgogne/Agro-Sup, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 6 Boulevard Gabriel, 21000, Dijon, France
- FCS Bourgogne-Franche Comté, LipSTIC LabEx, Dijon, France
| | - Lidia Cabeza
- Laboratoire de Recherches Intégratives en Neurosciences et Psychologie Cognitive-UR LINC, UFC, Besançon, France
| | - Lucas Jantzen
- Laboratoire de Recherches Intégratives en Neurosciences et Psychologie Cognitive-UR LINC, UFC, Besançon, France
| | - Thomas Gautier
- FCS Bourgogne-Franche Comté, LipSTIC LabEx, Dijon, France
- LIPNESS, UMR U1231 INSERM/UB/Agro-Sup, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 21000, Dijon, France
| | - Semen Yesylevskyy
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, 166 10, Prague 6, Czech Republic
- Laboratoire Chrono Environnement UMR CNRS6249, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté (UBFC), 16 route de Gray, 25030, Besançon, Cedex, France
- Receptor.AI Inc., 20-22 Wenlock Road, London, N1 7GU, UK
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Palacký University Olomouc, 17. listopadu 12, 771 46, Olomouc, Czech Republic
- Department of Physics of Biological Systems, Institute of Physics of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Prospect Nauky 46, Kiev, 03028, Ukraine
| | - Christophe Ramseyer
- Laboratoire Chrono Environnement UMR CNRS6249, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté (UBFC), 16 route de Gray, 25030, Besançon, Cedex, France
| | - David Masson
- FCS Bourgogne-Franche Comté, LipSTIC LabEx, Dijon, France
- LIPNESS, UMR U1231 INSERM/UB/Agro-Sup, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 21000, Dijon, France
| | - Vincent Van Waes
- Laboratoire de Recherches Intégratives en Neurosciences et Psychologie Cognitive-UR LINC, UFC, Besançon, France
| | - Aziz Hichami
- Physiologie de la Nutrition & Toxicologie, UMR U1231 INSERM/Université de Bourgogne/Agro-Sup, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 6 Boulevard Gabriel, 21000, Dijon, France
- FCS Bourgogne-Franche Comté, LipSTIC LabEx, Dijon, France
| | - Naim Akhtar Khan
- Physiologie de la Nutrition & Toxicologie, UMR U1231 INSERM/Université de Bourgogne/Agro-Sup, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 6 Boulevard Gabriel, 21000, Dijon, France.
- FCS Bourgogne-Franche Comté, LipSTIC LabEx, Dijon, France.
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Yu F, Gao L, Xu K, Yang X, Zhang J, Tang Y, Ma Z, Gu W, Wu B, Shi Y. Protective effect of liver X receptor on cigarette smoke and lipopolysaccharide induced airway inflammation and emphysema in mice. Exp Lung Res 2024; 50:53-64. [PMID: 38509754 DOI: 10.1080/01902148.2024.2329436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study is to assess the impact of Liver X receptors (LXRs) on airway inflammation, airway remodeling, and lipid deposition induced by cigarette smoke and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) exposure in the lung. METHODS Wild mice and LXR-deficient mice were exposed to cigarette smoke and LPS to induce airway inflammation and remodeling. In addition, some wild mice received intraperitoneal treatment with the LXR agonist GW3965 before exposure to cigarette smoke and LPS. Lung tissue and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid were collected to evaluate airway inflammation, airway remodeling and lipid deposition. RESULTS Exposure to cigarette smoke and LPS resulted in airway inflammation, emphysema and lipid accumulation in wild mice. These mice also exhibited downregulated LXRα and ABCA1 in the lung. Treatment with GW3965 mitigated inflammation, remodeling and lipid deposition, while the deletion of LXRs exacerbated these effects. Furthermore, GW3965 treatment following exposure to cigarette smoke and LPS increased LXRα and ABCA1 expression and attenuated MyD88 expression in wild mice. CONCLUSION LXRs demonstrate the potential to mitigate cigarette smoke and LPS- induced airway inflammation, emphysema and lipid disposition in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fenfang Yu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Lin Gao
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ke Xu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Nanjing YuHua Hospital, Yuhua Branch of Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaobing Yang
- Department of Pathology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Junran Zhang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yu Tang
- Department of Thoracic surgery, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhifei Ma
- Department of Thoracic surgery, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wei Gu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Bining Wu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Nanjing YuHua Hospital, Yuhua Branch of Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing, China
| | - Ying Shi
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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13
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Huo M, Rai SK, Nakatsu K, Deng Y, Jijiwa M. Subverting the Canon: Novel Cancer-Promoting Functions and Mechanisms for snoRNAs. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:2923. [PMID: 38474168 PMCID: PMC10932220 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25052923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Revised: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Small nucleolar RNAs (snoRNAs) constitute a class of intron-derived non-coding RNAs ranging from 60 to 300 nucleotides. Canonically localized in the nucleolus, snoRNAs play a pivotal role in RNA modifications and pre-ribosomal RNA processing. Based on the types of modifications they involve, such as methylation and pseudouridylation, they are classified into two main families-box C/D and H/ACA snoRNAs. Recent investigations have revealed the unconventional synthesis and biogenesis strategies of snoRNAs, indicating their more profound roles in pathogenesis than previously envisioned. This review consolidates recent discoveries surrounding snoRNAs and provides insights into their mechanistic roles in cancer. It explores the intricate interactions of snoRNAs within signaling pathways and speculates on potential therapeutic solutions emerging from snoRNA research. In addition, it presents recent findings on the long non-coding small nucleolar RNA host gene (lncSNHG), a subset of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), which are the transcripts of parental SNHGs that generate snoRNA. The nucleolus, the functional epicenter of snoRNAs, is also discussed. Through a deconstruction of the pathways driving snoRNA-induced oncogenesis, this review aims to serve as a roadmap to guide future research in the nuanced field of snoRNA-cancer interactions and inspire potential snoRNA-related cancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Huo
- Krieger School of Arts and Sciences, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA;
- Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI 96813, USA; (S.K.R.); (K.N.)
| | - Sudhir Kumar Rai
- Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI 96813, USA; (S.K.R.); (K.N.)
| | - Ken Nakatsu
- Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI 96813, USA; (S.K.R.); (K.N.)
- Emory College of Arts and Sciences, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Youping Deng
- Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI 96813, USA; (S.K.R.); (K.N.)
| | - Mayumi Jijiwa
- Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI 96813, USA; (S.K.R.); (K.N.)
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14
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Frodella CM, Liu L, Tan W, Pruett SB, Kaplan BLF. The mechanism by which cannabidiol (CBD) suppresses TNF-α secretion involves inappropriate localization of TNF-α converting enzyme (TACE). Cell Immunol 2024; 397-398:104812. [PMID: 38245915 PMCID: PMC10947891 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellimm.2024.104812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Revised: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
Cannabidiol (CBD) is a phytocannabinoid derived from Cannabis sativa that exerts anti-inflammatory mechanisms. CBD is being examined for its putative effects on the neuroinflammatory disease, multiple sclerosis (MS). One of the major immune mediators that propagates MS and its mouse model experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) are macrophages. Macrophages can polarize into an inflammatory phenotype (M1) or an anti-inflammatory phenotype (M2a). Therefore, elucidating the impact on macrophage polarization with CBD pre-treatment is necessary to understand its anti-inflammatory mechanisms. To study this effect, murine macrophages (RAW 264.7) were pre-treated with CBD (10 µM) or vehicle (ethanol 0.1 %) and were either left untreated (naive; cell media only), or stimulated under M1 (IFN-γ + lipopolysaccharide, LPS) or M2a (IL-4) conditions for 24 hr. Cells were analyzed for macrophage polarization markers, and supernatants were analyzed for cytokines and chemokines. Immunofluorescence staining was performed on M1-polarized cells for the metalloprotease, tumor necrosis factor-α-converting enzyme (TACE), as this enzyme is responsible for the secretion of TNF-α. Overall results showed that CBD decreased several markers associated with the M1 phenotype while exhibiting less effects on the M2a phenotype. Significantly, under M1 conditions, CBD increased the percentage of intracellular and surface TNF-α but decreased secreted TNF-α. This phenomenon might be mediated by TACE as staining showed that CBD sequestered TACE intracellularly. CBD also prevented RelA nuclear translocation. These results suggest that CBD may exert its anti-inflammatory effects by reducing M1 polarization and decreasing TNF-α secretion via inappropriate localization of TACE and RelA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christa M Frodella
- Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS, USA
| | - Liyuan Liu
- Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS, USA
| | - Wei Tan
- Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS, USA
| | - Stephen B Pruett
- Center for Environmental Health Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS, USA; Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS, USA
| | - Barbara L F Kaplan
- Center for Environmental Health Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS, USA; Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS, USA.
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Kinra M, Ranadive N, Nampoothiri M, Arora D, Mudgal J. Involvement of NLRP3 inflammasome pathway in the protective mechanisms of ferulic acid and p-coumaric acid in LPS-induced sickness behavior and neuroinflammation in mice. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2024; 397:1829-1839. [PMID: 37755515 PMCID: PMC10858824 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-023-02743-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023]
Abstract
Ferulic acid (FA) and p-coumaric acid (PCA) are abundantly present in commonly consumed food and beverages. Being polyphenolic compounds, they have been explored for their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Based on our previous study, we selected these two compounds to further investigate their potential in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced sickness behavior and the ensuing neuroinflammation by specifically focusing on the NLRP3 inflammasome pathway. Male Swiss albino mice were divided into nine groups (n = 6) consisting of Normal Control, LPS, fluoxetine (FLX), FA40, FA160, FA640, PCA40, PCA160, and PCA640 respectively. Each group received respective FA or PCA treatment except Normal Control and LPS, which received the vehicle, carboxymethylcellulose 0.25% w/v. All groups were challenged with LPS 1.5 mg/kg, intraperitoneally except the Normal Control group, which received saline. Behavioral assessments were performed between 1-2 h, and the whole brains were collected at 3 h post-LPS administration. LPS-induced sickness behavior was characterized by significantly reduced spontaneous activity and high immobility time. The expression of NLRP3, ASC, caspase-1 and IL-1β was significantly increased, along with the levels of brain IL-1β suggesting the assembly and activation of NLRP3 inflammasome pathway. Furthermore, the major cytokines involved in sickness behavior, IL-6 and TNF-α were also significantly elevated with the accompanied lipid peroxidation. The results of this study emphasize that within the employed dose ranges of both FA and PCA, both the compounds were effective at blocking the activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome pathway and thereby reducing the release of IL-1β and the sickness behavior symptoms. There was a prominent effect on cytokine levels and lipid peroxidation as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manas Kinra
- Department of Pharmacology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, 576104, Karnataka, India
| | - Niraja Ranadive
- Department of Pharmacology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, 576104, Karnataka, India
| | - Madhavan Nampoothiri
- Department of Pharmacology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, 576104, Karnataka, India
| | - Devinder Arora
- Department of Pharmacology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, 576104, Karnataka, India.
- School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, Griffith University, Gold Coast Campus, Gold Coast, QLD, 4222, Australia.
| | - Jayesh Mudgal
- Department of Pharmacology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, 576104, Karnataka, India.
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Violi F, Pastori D, Pignatelli P, Cammisotto V. Endotoxemia and Platelets: 2 Players of Intrahepatic Microthrombosis in NAFLD. JACC Basic Transl Sci 2024; 9:404-413. [PMID: 38559621 PMCID: PMC10978333 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacbts.2023.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Revised: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Gut dysbiosis-related intestinal barrier dysfunction with increased translocation of bacterial products such as lipopolysaccharide (LPS) into systemic circulation is emerging as pathogenic factor of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Experimental and clinical studies suggested a potential role of LPS as a trigger eliciting in situ liver inflammation upon interaction with its receptor toll-like receptor 4. Also, LPS has been reported to prime platelets to respond to the common agonists indicating that it behaves as a prothrombotic molecule. Of note, recent studies suggested platelet-related intrahepatic thrombosis triggered by LPS as a mechanism implicated in the process of liver inflammation. This review describes: 1) the impact of gut barrier dysfunction and endotoxemia in the process of NAFLD; 2) the relationship between endotoxemia and platelet activation in NAFLD; 3) clinical evidence for the use of antiplatelet drugs in NAFLD/nonalcoholic steatohepatitis patients; and 4) the potential therapeutic approach to modulate endotoxemia and eventually platelet activation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Daniele Pastori
- Department of Clinical Internal, Anaesthesiologic and Cardiovascular Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Pasquale Pignatelli
- Mediterranea Cardiocentro-Napoli, Naples, Italy
- Department of Clinical Internal, Anaesthesiologic and Cardiovascular Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Vittoria Cammisotto
- Department of Clinical Internal, Anaesthesiologic and Cardiovascular Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
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Sluiter TJ, Tillie RJHA, de Jong A, de Bruijn JBG, Peters HAB, van de Leijgraaf R, Halawani R, Westmaas M, Starink LIW, Quax PHA, Sluimer JC, de Vries MR. Myeloid PHD2 Conditional Knockout Improves Intraplaque Angiogenesis and Vascular Remodeling in a Murine Model of Venous Bypass Grafting. J Am Heart Assoc 2024; 13:e033109. [PMID: 38258662 PMCID: PMC11056143 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.123.033109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intraplaque angiogenesis occurs in response to atherosclerotic plaque hypoxia, which is driven mainly by highly metabolically active macrophages. Improving plaque oxygenation by increasing macrophage hypoxic signaling, thus stimulating intraplaque angiogenesis, could restore cellular function and neovessel maturation, and decrease plaque formation. Prolyl hydroxylases (PHDs) regulate cellular responses to hypoxia. We therefore aimed to elucidate the role of myeloid PHD2, the dominant PHD isoform, on intraplaque angiogenesis in a murine model for venous bypass grafting. METHODS AND RESULTS Myeloid PHD2 conditional knockout (PHD2cko) and PHD2 wild type mice on an Ldlr-/- background underwent vein graft surgery (n=11-15/group) by interpositioning donor caval veins into the carotid artery of genotype-matched mice. At postoperative day 28, vein grafts were harvested for morphometric and compositional analysis, and blood was collected for flow cytometry. Myeloid PHD2cko induced and improved intraplaque angiogenesis by improving neovessel maturation, which reduced intraplaque hemorrhage. Intima/media ratio was decreased in myeloid PHD2cko vein grafts. In addition, PHD2 deficiency prevented dissection of vein grafts and resulted in an increase in vessel wall collagen content. Moreover, the macrophage proinflammatory phenotype in the vein graft wall was attenuated in myeloid PHD2cko mice. In vitro cultured PHD2cko bone marrow-derived macrophages exhibited an increased proangiogenic phenotype compared with control. CONCLUSIONS Myeloid PHD2cko reduces vein graft disease and ameliorates vein graft lesion stability by improving intraplaque angiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thijs J. Sluiter
- Department of SurgeryLeiden University Medical CentreLeidenThe Netherlands
- Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular MedicineLeiden University Medical CentreLeidenThe Netherlands
| | - Renée J. H. A. Tillie
- Department of Pathology, CARIM School for Cardiovascular SciencesMaastricht University Medical CentreMaastrichtThe Netherlands
| | - Alwin de Jong
- Department of SurgeryLeiden University Medical CentreLeidenThe Netherlands
- Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular MedicineLeiden University Medical CentreLeidenThe Netherlands
| | - Jenny B. G. de Bruijn
- Department of Pathology, CARIM School for Cardiovascular SciencesMaastricht University Medical CentreMaastrichtThe Netherlands
| | - Hendrika A. B. Peters
- Department of SurgeryLeiden University Medical CentreLeidenThe Netherlands
- Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular MedicineLeiden University Medical CentreLeidenThe Netherlands
| | | | - Raghed Halawani
- Department of SurgeryLeiden University Medical CentreLeidenThe Netherlands
| | - Michelle Westmaas
- Department of SurgeryLeiden University Medical CentreLeidenThe Netherlands
| | | | - Paul H. A. Quax
- Department of SurgeryLeiden University Medical CentreLeidenThe Netherlands
- Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular MedicineLeiden University Medical CentreLeidenThe Netherlands
| | - Judith C. Sluimer
- Department of Pathology, CARIM School for Cardiovascular SciencesMaastricht University Medical CentreMaastrichtThe Netherlands
- Centre for Cardiovascular SciencesUniversity of EdinburghEdinburghUnited Kingdom
| | - Margreet R. de Vries
- Department of SurgeryLeiden University Medical CentreLeidenThe Netherlands
- Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular MedicineLeiden University Medical CentreLeidenThe Netherlands
- Department of SurgeryBrigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMA
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Sánchez V, Baumann A, Brandt A, Wodak MF, Staltner R, Bergheim I. Oral Supplementation of Phosphatidylcholine Attenuates the Onset of a Diet-Induced Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatohepatitis in Female C57BL/6J Mice. Cell Mol Gastroenterol Hepatol 2024; 17:785-800. [PMID: 38262589 PMCID: PMC10966192 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcmgh.2024.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Revised: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 01/25/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Changes in phosphatidylcholine levels in the liver have been associated with the development of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease. Here, the effects of supplementing phosphatidylcholine on the development of early signs of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis were assessed. METHODS Male and female C57BL/6J mice were fed a liquid control or a fructose-, fat-, and/or cholesterol-rich diet for 7 or 8 weeks. The diets of female mice were fortified ± phosphatidylcholine (12.5 mg/g diet). In liver tissue and portal blood, indices of liver damage, inflammation, and bacterial endotoxemia were measured. J774A.1 cells and human monocytes preincubated with phosphatidylcholine (0.38 mmol/L) were challenged with lipopolysaccharide (50-100 ng/mL) ± the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) activator pioglitazone (10 μmol/L) or ± a liver receptor homolog 1 (LRH-1) antagonist 1-(3'-[1-(2-[4-morpholinyl]ethyl)-1H-pyrazol-3-yl]-3-biphenylyl)ethanon (1-10 μmol/L). RESULTS In fructose-, fat-, and/or cholesterol-rich diet-fed mice the development of fatty liver and the beginning of inflammation were associated with significantly lower hepatic phosphatidylcholine levels when compared with controls. Supplementing phosphatidylcholine significantly attenuated the development of fatty liver and inflammation, being associated with protection against the induction of PPARγ2, and activation of nuclear factor of κ light polypeptide gene enhancer in B-cell inhibitor α whereas Lrh1 expression was unchanged. The protective effects of phosphatidylcholine on the lipopolysaccharide-induced activation of J774A.1 cells and human monocytes were attenuated significantly by the PPARγ activator pioglitazone and the LRH-1 antagonist. CONCLUSIONS Our data suggest that phosphatidylcholine levels in the liver are lower in early metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis in mice and that supplementation of phosphatidylcholine can diminish the development of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease through mechanisms involving LRH-1/PPARγ2/ nuclear factor κ-light-chain enhancer of activated B-cell signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor Sánchez
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Molecular Nutritional Science, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Anja Baumann
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Molecular Nutritional Science, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Annette Brandt
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Molecular Nutritional Science, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Maximilian F Wodak
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Molecular Nutritional Science, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Raphaela Staltner
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Molecular Nutritional Science, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Ina Bergheim
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Molecular Nutritional Science, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
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Jannat K, Balakrishnan R, Han JH, Yu YJ, Kim GW, Choi DK. The Neuropharmacological Evaluation of Seaweed: A Potential Therapeutic Source. Cells 2023; 12:2652. [PMID: 37998387 PMCID: PMC10670678 DOI: 10.3390/cells12222652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Revised: 11/11/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023] Open
Abstract
The most common neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs), such as Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Parkinson's disease (PD), are the seventh leading cause of mortality and morbidity in developed countries. Clinical observations of NDD patients are characterized by a progressive loss of neurons in the brain along with memory decline. The common pathological hallmarks of NDDs include oxidative stress, the dysregulation of calcium, protein aggregation, a defective protein clearance system, mitochondrial dysfunction, neuroinflammation, neuronal apoptosis, and damage to cholinergic neurons. Therefore, managing this pathology requires screening drugs with different pathological targets, and suitable drugs for slowing the progression or prevention of NDDs remain to be discovered. Among the pharmacological strategies used to manage NDDs, natural drugs represent a promising therapeutic strategy. This review discusses the neuroprotective potential of seaweed and its bioactive compounds, and safety issues, which may provide several beneficial insights that warrant further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khoshnur Jannat
- Department of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School, Konkuk University, Chungju 27478, Republic of Korea; (K.J.); (J.-H.H.); (Y.-J.Y.); (G.-W.K.)
| | - Rengasamy Balakrishnan
- Department of Biotechnology, Research Institute of Inflammatory Disease (RID), College of Biomedical and Health Science, Konkuk University, Chungju 27478, Republic of Korea;
| | - Jun-Hyuk Han
- Department of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School, Konkuk University, Chungju 27478, Republic of Korea; (K.J.); (J.-H.H.); (Y.-J.Y.); (G.-W.K.)
| | - Ye-Ji Yu
- Department of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School, Konkuk University, Chungju 27478, Republic of Korea; (K.J.); (J.-H.H.); (Y.-J.Y.); (G.-W.K.)
| | - Ga-Won Kim
- Department of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School, Konkuk University, Chungju 27478, Republic of Korea; (K.J.); (J.-H.H.); (Y.-J.Y.); (G.-W.K.)
| | - Dong-Kug Choi
- Department of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School, Konkuk University, Chungju 27478, Republic of Korea; (K.J.); (J.-H.H.); (Y.-J.Y.); (G.-W.K.)
- Department of Biotechnology, Research Institute of Inflammatory Disease (RID), College of Biomedical and Health Science, Konkuk University, Chungju 27478, Republic of Korea;
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20
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Hissen KL, He W, Wu G, Criscitiello MF. Immunonutrition: facilitating mucosal immune response in teleost intestine with amino acids through oxidant-antioxidant balance. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1241615. [PMID: 37841275 PMCID: PMC10570457 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1241615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Comparative animal models generate fundamental scientific knowledge of immune responses. However, these studies typically are conducted in mammals because of their biochemical and physiological similarity to humans. Presently, there has been an interest in using teleost fish models to study intestinal immunology, particularly intestinal mucosa immune response. Instead of targeting the pathogen itself, a preferred approach for managing fish health is through nutrient supplementation, as it is noninvasive and less labor intensive than vaccine administrations while still modulating immune properties. Amino acids (AAs) regulate metabolic processes, oxidant-antioxidant balance, and physiological requirements to improve immune response. Thus, nutritionists can develop sustainable aquafeeds through AA supplementation to promote specific immune responses, including the intestinal mucosa immune system. We propose the use of dietary supplementation with functional AAs to improve immune response by discussing teleost fish immunology within the intestine and explore how oxidative burst is used as an immune defense mechanism. We evaluate immune components and immune responses in the intestine that use oxidant-antioxidant balance through potential selection of AAs and their metabolites to improve mucosal immune capacity and gut integrity. AAs are effective modulators of teleost gut immunity through oxidant-antioxidant balance. To incorporate nutrition as an immunoregulatory means in teleost, we must obtain more tools including genomic, proteomic, nutrition, immunology, and macrobiotic and metabonomic analyses, so that future studies can provide a more holistic understanding of the mucosal immune system in fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karina L. Hissen
- Comparative Immunogenetics Laboratory Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States
| | - Wenliang He
- Amino Acid Laboratory, Department of Animal Science, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States
| | - Guoyao Wu
- Amino Acid Laboratory, Department of Animal Science, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States
| | - Michael F. Criscitiello
- Comparative Immunogenetics Laboratory Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States
- Department of Microbial Pathogenesis and Immunology, College of Medicine, Texas A&M Health Science Center, Texas A&M University, Bryan, TX, United States
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21
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Onyishi CU, Desanti GE, Wilkinson AL, Lara-Reyna S, Frickel EM, Fejer G, Christophe OD, Bryant CE, Mukhopadhyay S, Gordon S, May RC. Toll-like receptor 4 and macrophage scavenger receptor 1 crosstalk regulates phagocytosis of a fungal pathogen. Nat Commun 2023; 14:4895. [PMID: 37580395 PMCID: PMC10425417 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-40635-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/16/2023] Open
Abstract
The opportunistic fungal pathogen Cryptococcus neoformans causes lethal infections in immunocompromised patients. Macrophages are central to the host response to cryptococci; however, it is unclear how C. neoformans is recognised and phagocytosed by macrophages. Here we investigate the role of TLR4 in the non-opsonic phagocytosis of C. neoformans. We find that loss of TLR4 function unexpectedly increases phagocytosis of non-opsonised cryptococci by murine and human macrophages. The increased phagocytosis observed in Tlr4-/- cells was dampened by pre-treatment of macrophages with oxidised-LDL, a known ligand of scavenger receptors. The scavenger receptor, macrophage scavenger receptor 1 (MSR1) (also known as SR-A1 or CD204) was upregulated in Tlr4-/- macrophages. Genetic ablation of MSR1 resulted in a 75% decrease in phagocytosis of non-opsonised cryptococci, strongly suggesting that it is a key non-opsonic receptor for this pathogen. We go on to show that MSR1-mediated uptake likely involves the formation of a multimolecular signalling complex involving FcγR leading to SYK, PI3K, p38 and ERK1/2 activation to drive actin remodelling and phagocytosis. Altogether, our data indicate a hitherto unidentified role for TLR4/MSR1 crosstalk in the non-opsonic phagocytosis of C. neoformans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chinaemerem U Onyishi
- Institute of Microbiology & Infection and School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, United Kingdom
| | - Guillaume E Desanti
- Institute of Microbiology & Infection and School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, United Kingdom
| | - Alex L Wilkinson
- Institute of Microbiology & Infection and School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, United Kingdom
| | - Samuel Lara-Reyna
- Institute of Microbiology & Infection and School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, United Kingdom
| | - Eva-Maria Frickel
- Institute of Microbiology & Infection and School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, United Kingdom
| | - Gyorgy Fejer
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health, University of Plymouth, Plymouth, United Kingdom
| | - Olivier D Christophe
- Université Paris-Saclay, INSERM, Hémostase inflammation thrombose HITH U1176, 94276, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Clare E Bryant
- University of Cambridge, Department of Medicine, Box 157, Level 5, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Hills Road, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom
| | - Subhankar Mukhopadhyay
- Peter Gorer Department of Immunobiology, School of Immunology & Microbial Sciences, King's College London, London, SE1 9RT, United Kingdom
| | - Siamon Gordon
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Robin C May
- Institute of Microbiology & Infection and School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, United Kingdom.
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22
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Kammala AK, Mosebarger A, Radnaa E, Rowlinson E, Vora N, Fortunato SJ, Sharma S, Safarzadeh M, Menon R. Extracellular Vesicles-mediated recombinant IL-10 protects against ascending infection-associated preterm birth by reducing fetal inflammatory response. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1196453. [PMID: 37600782 PMCID: PMC10437065 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1196453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Fetal inflammatory response mediated by the influx of immune cells and activation of pro-inflammatory transcription factor NF-κB in feto-maternal uterine tissues is the major determinant of infection-associated preterm birth (PTB, live births < 37 weeks of gestation). Objective To reduce the incidence of PTB by minimizing inflammation, extracellular vesicles (EVs) were electroporetically engineered to contain anti-inflammatory cytokine interleukin (IL)-10 (eIL-10), and their efficacy was tested in an ascending model of infection (vaginal administration of E. coli) induced PTB in mouse models. Study design EVs (size: 30-170 nm) derived from HEK293T cells were electroporated with recombinant IL-10 at 500 volts and 125 Ω, and 6 pulses to generate eIL-10. eIL-10 structural characters (electron microscopy, nanoparticle tracking analysis, ExoView [size and cargo content] and functional properties (co-treatment of macrophage cells with LPS and eIL-10) were assessed. To test efficacy, CD1 mice were vaginally inoculated with E. coli (1010CFU) and subsequently treated with either PBS, eIL-10 (500ng) or Gentamicin (10mg/kg) or a combination of eIL-10+gentamicin. Fetal inflammatory response in maternal and fetal tissues after the infection or treatment were conducted by suspension Cytometer Time of Flight (CyTOF) using a transgenic mouse model that express red fluorescent TdTomato (mT+) in fetal cells. Results Engineered EVs were structurally and functionally stable and showed reduced proinflammatory cytokine production from LPS challenged macrophage cells in vitro. Maternal administration of eIL-10 (10 µg/kg body weight) crossed feto-maternal barriers to delay E. coli-induced PTB to deliver live pups at term. Delay in PTB was associated with reduced feto-maternal uterine inflammation (immune cell infiltration and histologic chorioamnionitis, NF-κB activation, and proinflammatory cytokine production). Conclusions eIL-10 administration was safe, stable, specific, delayed PTB by over 72 hrs and delivered live pups. The delivery of drugs using EVs overcomes the limitations of in-utero fetal interventions. Protecting IL-10 in EVs eliminates the need for the amniotic administration of recombinant IL-10 for its efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ananth Kumar Kammala
- Division of Basic Science and Translational Research, Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, The University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, TX, United States
| | - Angela Mosebarger
- Division of Basic Science and Translational Research, Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, The University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, TX, United States
| | - Enkhtuya Radnaa
- Division of Basic Science and Translational Research, Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, The University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, TX, United States
| | - Emma Rowlinson
- Division of Basic Science and Translational Research, Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, The University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, TX, United States
| | - Natasha Vora
- Division of Basic Science and Translational Research, Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, The University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, TX, United States
| | - Stephen J. Fortunato
- Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wexner Medical Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Surendra Sharma
- Department of Pediatrics, Women & Infants Hospital of Rhode Island, Providence, RI, United States
| | - Melody Safarzadeh
- Division of Basic Science and Translational Research, Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, The University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, TX, United States
| | - Ramkumar Menon
- Division of Basic Science and Translational Research, Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, The University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, TX, United States
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23
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Dimitrakopoulou D, Khwatenge CN, James-Zorn C, Paiola M, Bellin EW, Tian Y, Sundararaj N, Polak EJ, Grayfer L, Barnard D, Ohta Y, Horb M, Sang Y, Robert J. Advances in the Xenopus immunome: Diversification, expansion, and contraction. DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2023; 145:104734. [PMID: 37172665 PMCID: PMC10230362 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2023.104734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Revised: 03/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Xenopus is a genus of African clawed frogs including two species, X. tropicalis and X. laevis that are extensively used in experimental biology, immunology, and biomedical studies. The availability of fully sequenced and annotated Xenopus genomes is strengthening genome-wide analyses of gene families and transgenesis to model human diseases. However, inaccuracies in genome annotation for genes involved in the immune system (i.e., immunome) hamper immunogenetic studies. Furthermore, advanced genome technologies (e.g., single-cell and RNA-Seq) rely on well-annotated genomes. The annotation problems of Xenopus immunome include a lack of established orthology across taxa, merged gene models, poor representation in gene pages on Xenbase, misannotated genes and missing gene IDs. The Xenopus Research Resource for Immunobiology in collaboration with Xenbase and a group of investigators are working to resolve these issues in the latest versions of genome browsers. In this review, we summarize the current problems of previously misannotated gene families that we have recently resolved. We also highlight the expansion, contraction, and diversification of previously misannotated gene families.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dionysia Dimitrakopoulou
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, 14642, USA
| | - Collins N Khwatenge
- Department of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, College of Agriculture, Tennessee State University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Christina James-Zorn
- Xenbase, Division of Developmental Biology, Cincinnti Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Matthieu Paiola
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, 14642, USA
| | - Eleanor Wise Bellin
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, 14642, USA
| | - Yun Tian
- Department of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, College of Agriculture, Tennessee State University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Nivitha Sundararaj
- Xenbase, Division of Developmental Biology, Cincinnti Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Emma J Polak
- Biology Department, Worcester State University, MA, USA
| | - Leon Grayfer
- Department of Biological Sciences, George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Daron Barnard
- Biology Department, Worcester State University, MA, USA
| | - Yuko Ohta
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Marko Horb
- National Xenopus Resource and Eugene Bell Center for Regenerative Biology and Tissue Engineering, Marine Biological Laboratory, Woods Hole, MA, 02543, USA
| | - Yongming Sang
- Department of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, College of Agriculture, Tennessee State University, Nashville, TN, USA.
| | - Jacques Robert
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, 14642, USA.
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24
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Mazzio E, Barnes A, Badisa R, Fierros-Romero G, Williams H, Council S, Soliman K. Functional immune boosters; the herb or its dead microbiome? Antigenic TLR4 agonist MAMPs found in 65 medicinal roots and algae's. J Funct Foods 2023; 107:105687. [PMID: 37654434 PMCID: PMC10469438 DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2023.105687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Humans have been consuming medicinal plants (as herbs/ spices) to combat illness for centuries while ascribing beneficial effects predominantly to the plant/phytochemical constituents, without recognizing the power of obligatory resident microorganism' communities (MOCs) (live/dead bacteria, fungus, yeast, molds etc.) which remain after industrial microbial reduction methods. Very little is known about the taxonomic identity of residual antigenic microbial associated molecular patterns (MAMPs) debris in our botanical over the counter (OTC) products, which if present would be recognized as foreign (non-self) antigenic matter by host pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) provoking a host immune response; this the basis of vaccine adjuvants. As of today, only few research groups have removed the herbal MAMP biomass from herbs, all suggesting that immune activation may not be from the plant but rather its microbial biomass; a hypothesis we corroborate. Purpose The purpose of this work was to conduct a high through put screening (HTPS) of over 2500 natural plants, OTC botanical supplements and phytochemicals to elucidate those with pro-inflammatory; toll like receptor 4 (TLR4) activating properties in macrophages. Study Design The HTPS was conducted on RAW 264.7 cells vs. lipopolysaccharide (LPS) E. coli 0111:B4, testing iNOS / nitric oxide production ( NO 2 - ) as a perimeter endpoint. The data show not a single drug/chemical/ phytochemical and approximately 98 % of botanicals to be immune idle (not effective) with only 65 pro-inflammatory (hits) in a potency range of LPS. Method validation studies eliminated the possibility of false artifact or contamination, and results were cross verified through multiple vendors/ manufacturers/lot numbers by botanical species. Lead botanicals were evaluated for plant concentration of LPS, 1,3:1,6-β-glucan, 1,3:1,4-β-D-glucan and α-glucans; where the former paralleled strength in vitro. LPS was then removed from plants using high-capacity endotoxin poly lysine columns, where bioactivity of LPS null "plant" extracts were lost. The stability of E.Coli 0111:B4 in an acid stomach mimetic model was confirmed. Last, we conducted a reverse culture on aerobic plate counts (APCs) from select hits, with subsequent isolation of gram-negative bacteria (MacConkey agar). Cultures were 1) heat destroyed (retested/ confirming bioactivity) and 2) subject to taxonomical identification by genetic sequencing 18S, ITS1, 5.8 s, ITS2 28S, and 16S. Conclusion The data show significant gram negative MAMP biomass dominance in A) roots (e.g. echinacea, yucca, burdock, stinging nettle, sarsaparilla, hydrangea, poke, madder, calamus, rhaponticum, pleurisy, aconite etc.) and B) oceanic plants / algae's (e.g. bladderwrack, chlorella, spirulina, kelp, and "OTC Seamoss-blends" (irish moss, bladderwrack, burdock root etc), as well as other random herbs (eg. corn silk, cleavers, watercress, cardamom seed, tribulus, duckweed, puffball, hordeum and pollen). The results show a dominance of gram negative microbes (e.g. Klebsilla aerogenes, Pantoae agglomerans, Cronobacter sakazakii), fungus (Glomeracaea, Ascomycota, Irpex lacteus, Aureobasidium pullulans, Fibroporia albicans, Chlorociboria clavula, Aspergillus_sp JUC-2), with black walnut hull, echinacea and burdock root also containing gram positive microbial strains (Fontibacillus, Paenibacillus, Enterococcus gallinarum, Bromate-reducing bacterium B6 and various strains of Clostridium). Conclusion This work brings attention to the existence of a functional immune bioactive herbal microbiome, independent from the plant. There is need to further this avenue of research, which should be carried out with consideration as to both positive or negative consequences arising from daily consumption of botanicals highly laden with bioactive MAMPS.
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Affiliation(s)
- E. Mazzio
- Florida Agricultural and Mechanical University, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tallahassee, FL 32307, United States
| | - A. Barnes
- Florida Agricultural and Mechanical University, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tallahassee, FL 32307, United States
| | - R. Badisa
- Florida Agricultural and Mechanical University, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tallahassee, FL 32307, United States
| | - G. Fierros-Romero
- Florida Agricultural and Mechanical University, School of Environment, Tallahassee, FL 32307, United States
| | - H. Williams
- Florida Agricultural and Mechanical University, School of Environment, Tallahassee, FL 32307, United States
| | - S. Council
- John Gnabre Science Research Institute, Baltimore, MD 21224, United States
| | - K.F.A. Soliman
- Florida Agricultural and Mechanical University, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tallahassee, FL 32307, United States
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25
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Reynoso M, Hobbs S, Kolb AL, Matheny RW, Roberts BM. MyD88 and not TRIF knockout is sufficient to abolish LPS-induced inflammatory responses in bone-derived macrophages. FEBS Lett 2023; 597:1225-1232. [PMID: 36971014 DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.14616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Revised: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
Abstract
Macrophages play an important role in the response to infection and/or repair of injury in tissues. To examine the NF-κB pathway in response to an inflammatory stimulus, we used wild-type bone-marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs) or BMDMs with knockout (KO) of myeloid differentiation primary response 88 (MyD88) and/or Toll/interleukin-1 receptor domain-containing adapter-inducing interferon-β (TRIF) via CRISPR/Cas9. Following treatment of BMDMs with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) to induce an inflammatory response, translational signalling of NF-κB was quantified via immunoblot and cytokines were measured. Our findings reveal that MyD88 KO, but not TRIF KO, decreased LPS-induced NF-κB signalling, and 10% expression of basal MyD88 expression was sufficient to partially rescue the abolished inflammatory cytokine secretion observed upon MyD88 KO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marinaliz Reynoso
- U.S. Army Research Institute of Environmental Medicine, Natick, MA, USA
| | - Stuart Hobbs
- U.S. Army Research Institute of Environmental Medicine, Natick, MA, USA
| | - Alexander L Kolb
- U.S. Army Research Institute of Environmental Medicine, Natick, MA, USA
| | - Ronald W Matheny
- Military Operational Medicine Research Program, Fort Detrick, MA, USA
| | - Brandon M Roberts
- U.S. Army Research Institute of Environmental Medicine, Natick, MA, USA
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26
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Fasolino I, Carvalho ED, Raucci MG, Bonadies I, Soriente A, Pezzella A, Pêgo AP, Ambrosio L. Eumelanin decorated poly(lactic acid) electrospun substrates as a new strategy for spinal cord injury treatment. BIOMATERIALS ADVANCES 2023; 146:213312. [PMID: 36736264 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioadv.2023.213312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Revised: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Spinal cord injury (SCI) is characterized by neuroinflammatory processes that are marked by an uncontrolled activation of microglia, which directly damages neurons. Natural and synthetic melanins represent an effective tool to treat neuroinflammation because they possess immunomodulatory properties. Here, the main objective was to evaluate the effect of eumelanin-coated poly(lactic acid) (EU@PLA) aligned microfibers on in vitro model of neuroinflammation related to spinal cord injury in terms of inflammatory mediators' modulation. Aligned fibers were chosen to provide physical cues to guide axonal growth in a specific direction thus restoring the synaptic connection. Eumelanin decorated PLA electrospun substrates were produced combining electrospinning, spin coating and solid-state polymerization processes (oxidative coupling under oxygen atmosphere). Biological response in terms of antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity was analyzed on an in vitro model of neuroinflammation [microglial cells stimulated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS)]. Cell morphology and EU@PLA mechanism of action, in terms of toll-like receptor-4 (TLR-4) involvement were assessed. The results show that EU@PLA fibers were able to decrease reactive oxygen species, nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-кB) expression >50 % compared to PLA + LPS and interleukin 6 (IL-6) secretion about 20 %. Finally, the mechanism of action of EU@PLA in microglia was found to be dependent on the TLR-4 signaling. Protein expression analysis revealed a decreased in TLR-4 production induced by LPS stimulation in presence of EU@PLA. Overall, our results show that EU@PLA represents an innovative and effective strategy for the control of inflammatory response in central nervous system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ines Fasolino
- Institute of Polymers, Composites and Biomaterials - National Research Council (IPCB-CNR), Naples, Italy.
| | - Eva Daniela Carvalho
- i3S-Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal; INEB-Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal; Faculdade de Engenharia da Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Maria Grazia Raucci
- Institute of Polymers, Composites and Biomaterials - National Research Council (IPCB-CNR), Naples, Italy; Bioelectronics Task Force at University of Naples "Federico II", Italy.
| | - Irene Bonadies
- Institute of Polymers, Composites and Biomaterials - National Research Council (IPCB-CNR), Naples, Italy
| | - Alessandra Soriente
- Institute of Polymers, Composites and Biomaterials - National Research Council (IPCB-CNR), Naples, Italy
| | - Alessandro Pezzella
- Institute of Polymers, Composites and Biomaterials - National Research Council (IPCB-CNR), Naples, Italy; University of Naples "Federico II" Department of Physics "Ettore Pancini" Complesso Universitario Monte S. Angelo, Italy; Bioelectronics Task Force at University of Naples "Federico II", Italy
| | - Ana Paula Pêgo
- i3S-Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal; INEB-Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal; Faculdade de Engenharia da Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal; Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar (ICBAS), Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Luigi Ambrosio
- Institute of Polymers, Composites and Biomaterials - National Research Council (IPCB-CNR), Naples, Italy
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27
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Pereira M, Gazzinelli RT. Regulation of innate immune signaling by IRAK proteins. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1133354. [PMID: 36865541 PMCID: PMC9972678 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1133354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
The Toll-like receptors (TLRs) and interleukin-1 receptors (IL-1R) families are of paramount importance in coordinating the early immune response to pathogens. Signaling via most TLRs and IL-1Rs is mediated by the protein myeloid differentiation primary-response protein 88 (MyD88). This signaling adaptor forms the scaffold of the myddosome, a molecular platform that employs IL-1R-associated kinase (IRAK) proteins as main players for transducing signals. These kinases are essential in controlling gene transcription by regulating myddosome assembly, stability, activity and disassembly. Additionally, IRAKs play key roles in other biologically relevant responses such as inflammasome formation and immunometabolism. Here, we summarize some of the key aspects of IRAK biology in innate immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milton Pereira
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, United States,*Correspondence: Milton Pereira, ; Ricardo T. Gazzinelli,
| | - Ricardo T. Gazzinelli
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, United States,Centro de Tecnologia de Vacinas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil,Instituto René Rachou, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil,Plataforma de Medicina Translacional, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil,*Correspondence: Milton Pereira, ; Ricardo T. Gazzinelli,
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28
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Yang Y, Sheng D, Shi J, Xiao L, Wang Z, Yin Z, Zhuang Q, Chen S, Li Y, Gu Y, Zhu J, Geng D, Wang Z. Avicularin alleviates osteoporosis-induced implant loosening by attenuating macrophage M1 polarization via its inhibitory effect on the activation of NF-κB. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 158:114113. [PMID: 36516692 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.114113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Revised: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Currently, the failure rate for internal fixation in patients with osteoporosis can be reduced by antiosteoporosis therapy alone. However, the administration of anti-osteoporotic drugs is not a complete solution. Therefore, it is necessary to investigate other causes of surgical failure, such as inflammation. In recent years, the inflammation caused by macrophage M1 polarization has garnered wide attention. The purpose of this research is to explore the inhibitory effect of avicularin (AL) on macrophage M1 polarization, by which it ameliorates inflammation, thus alleviating implant instability. We established an osteoporosis mouse model of implant loosening. The mouse tissues were taken out for morphological analysis, staining analysis and bone metabolic index analysis. In in vitro experiments, bone marrow derived macrophages (BMDM) and RAW264.7 cells were polarized to M1 macrophages using lipopolysaccharide (LPS), and analyzed by immunofluorescence (IF) staining, Western blot (WB) and flow cytometry. WB was also used to analyze the nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB) pathway. In addition, the expression levels of inflammatory cytokines were detected in cell supernatant using ELISA kits. Through observation of this experiments, we found that AL can inhibit M1 polarization of macrophages. Moreover, it can significantly inhibit the release of inflammatory factors to improve multiple mouse femur parameters. Furthermore, AL inhibited the phosphorylation of IKBα and P65 in the NF-κB pathway. The above data indicate that AL ameliorates inflammatory responses by inhibiting macrophage M1 polarization via its inhibitory effect on the NF-κB pathway, thus alleviating the instability of implants in mice with osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunshang Yang
- Translational Medical Innovation Center, Zhangjiagang TCM Hospital Affiliated to Medical School of Yangzhou University, Zhangjiagang, Jiangsu 215600, China; Department of Orthopedics, Zhangjiagang TCM Hospital Affiliated to Yangzhou University Medical College, Zhangjiagang, Jiangsu 215600, China
| | - Dong Sheng
- Translational Medical Innovation Center, Zhangjiagang TCM Hospital Affiliated to Medical School of Yangzhou University, Zhangjiagang, Jiangsu 215600, China; Department of Orthopedics, Zhangjiagang TCM Hospital Affiliated to Yangzhou University Medical College, Zhangjiagang, Jiangsu 215600, China
| | - Jiandong Shi
- Translational Medical Innovation Center, Zhangjiagang TCM Hospital Affiliated to Medical School of Yangzhou University, Zhangjiagang, Jiangsu 215600, China; Department of Orthopedics, Zhangjiagang TCM Hospital Affiliated to Yangzhou University Medical College, Zhangjiagang, Jiangsu 215600, China
| | - Long Xiao
- Translational Medical Innovation Center, Zhangjiagang TCM Hospital Affiliated to Medical School of Yangzhou University, Zhangjiagang, Jiangsu 215600, China; Department of Orthopedics, Zhangjiagang TCM Hospital Affiliated to Yangzhou University Medical College, Zhangjiagang, Jiangsu 215600, China; Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215600, China.
| | - Zhifang Wang
- Translational Medical Innovation Center, Zhangjiagang TCM Hospital Affiliated to Medical School of Yangzhou University, Zhangjiagang, Jiangsu 215600, China; Department of Orthopedics, Zhangjiagang TCM Hospital Affiliated to Yangzhou University Medical College, Zhangjiagang, Jiangsu 215600, China
| | - Zhengyu Yin
- Translational Medical Innovation Center, Zhangjiagang TCM Hospital Affiliated to Medical School of Yangzhou University, Zhangjiagang, Jiangsu 215600, China; Department of Orthopedics, Zhangjiagang TCM Hospital Affiliated to Yangzhou University Medical College, Zhangjiagang, Jiangsu 215600, China
| | - Qi Zhuang
- Translational Medical Innovation Center, Zhangjiagang TCM Hospital Affiliated to Medical School of Yangzhou University, Zhangjiagang, Jiangsu 215600, China
| | - Shuangshuang Chen
- Translational Medical Innovation Center, Zhangjiagang TCM Hospital Affiliated to Medical School of Yangzhou University, Zhangjiagang, Jiangsu 215600, China
| | - Yajun Li
- Translational Medical Innovation Center, Zhangjiagang TCM Hospital Affiliated to Medical School of Yangzhou University, Zhangjiagang, Jiangsu 215600, China; Department of Orthopedics, Zhangjiagang TCM Hospital Affiliated to Yangzhou University Medical College, Zhangjiagang, Jiangsu 215600, China
| | - Yong Gu
- Translational Medical Innovation Center, Zhangjiagang TCM Hospital Affiliated to Medical School of Yangzhou University, Zhangjiagang, Jiangsu 215600, China; Department of Orthopedics, Zhangjiagang TCM Hospital Affiliated to Yangzhou University Medical College, Zhangjiagang, Jiangsu 215600, China
| | - Jie Zhu
- Translational Medical Innovation Center, Zhangjiagang TCM Hospital Affiliated to Medical School of Yangzhou University, Zhangjiagang, Jiangsu 215600, China; Department of Orthopedics, Zhangjiagang TCM Hospital Affiliated to Yangzhou University Medical College, Zhangjiagang, Jiangsu 215600, China
| | - Dechun Geng
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215600, China.
| | - Zhirong Wang
- Translational Medical Innovation Center, Zhangjiagang TCM Hospital Affiliated to Medical School of Yangzhou University, Zhangjiagang, Jiangsu 215600, China; Department of Orthopedics, Zhangjiagang TCM Hospital Affiliated to Yangzhou University Medical College, Zhangjiagang, Jiangsu 215600, China.
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Oun A, Hoeksema E, Soliman A, Brouwer F, García-Reyes F, Pots H, Trombetta-Lima M, Kortholt A, Dolga AM. Characterization of Lipopolysaccharide Effects on LRRK2 Signaling in RAW Macrophages. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24021644. [PMID: 36675159 PMCID: PMC9865464 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24021644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Revised: 01/08/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Dysfunction of the immune system and mitochondrial metabolism has been associated with Parkinson's disease (PD) pathology. Mutations and increased kinase activity of leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 (LRRK2) are linked to both idiopathic and familial PD. However, the function of LRRK2 in the immune cells under inflammatory conditions is contradictory. Our results showed that lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulation increased the kinase activity of LRRK2 in parental RAW 264.7 (WT) cells. In addition to this, LRRK2 deletion in LRRK2 KO RAW 264.7 (KO) cells altered cell morphology following LPS stimulation compared to the WT cells, as shown by an increase in the cell impedance as observed by the xCELLigence measurements. LPS stimulation caused an increase in the cellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels in both WT and KO cells. However, WT cells displayed a higher ROS level compared to the KO cells. Moreover, LRRK2 deletion led to a reduction in interleukin-6 (IL-6) inflammatory cytokine and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) expression and an increase in lactate production after LPS stimulation compared to the WT cells. These data illustrate that LRRK2 has an effect on inflammatory processes in RAW macrophages upon LPS stimulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asmaa Oun
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy (GRIP), University of Groningen, 9713 AV Groningen, The Netherlands
- Department of Cell Biochemistry, Groningen Institute of Biomolecular Sciences & Biotechnology (GBB), University of Groningen, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Graduate Studies and Research, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21526, Egypt
| | - Emmy Hoeksema
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy (GRIP), University of Groningen, 9713 AV Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Ahmed Soliman
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy (GRIP), University of Groningen, 9713 AV Groningen, The Netherlands
- Department of Cell Biochemistry, Groningen Institute of Biomolecular Sciences & Biotechnology (GBB), University of Groningen, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Famke Brouwer
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy (GRIP), University of Groningen, 9713 AV Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Fabiola García-Reyes
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy (GRIP), University of Groningen, 9713 AV Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Henderikus Pots
- Department of Cell Biochemistry, Groningen Institute of Biomolecular Sciences & Biotechnology (GBB), University of Groningen, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Marina Trombetta-Lima
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy (GRIP), University of Groningen, 9713 AV Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Arjan Kortholt
- Department of Cell Biochemistry, Groningen Institute of Biomolecular Sciences & Biotechnology (GBB), University of Groningen, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
- YETEM-Innovative Technologies Application and Research Centre, Suleyman Demirel University, 32260 Isparta, Turkey
- Correspondence: (A.K.); (A.M.D.); Tel.: +31-50363-4206 (A.K.); +31-50363-6372 (A.M.D.)
| | - Amalia M. Dolga
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy (GRIP), University of Groningen, 9713 AV Groningen, The Netherlands
- Correspondence: (A.K.); (A.M.D.); Tel.: +31-50363-4206 (A.K.); +31-50363-6372 (A.M.D.)
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30
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Hossain MS, Mawatari S, Fujino T. Plasmalogens inhibit neuroinflammation and promote cognitive function. Brain Res Bull 2023; 192:56-61. [PMID: 36347405 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2022.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Revised: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Neuroinflammation (NF) is defined as the activation of brain glial cells that are found in neurodegenerative diseases including Alzheimer's disease (AD). It has been known that an increase in NF could reduce the memory process in the brain but the key factors, associated with NF, behind the dysregulation of memory remained elusive. We previously reported that the NF and aging processes reduced the special phospholipids, plasmalogens (Pls), in the murine brain by a mechanism dependent on the activation of transcription factors, NF-kB and c-MYC. A similar mechanism has also been found in postmortem human brain tissues with AD pathologies and in the AD model mice. Recent evidence showed that these phospholipids enhanced memory and reduced neuro-inflammation in the murine brain. Pls can stimulate the cellular signaling molecules, ERK and Akt, by activating the membrane-bound G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs). Therefore, recent findings suggest that plasmalogens could be one of the key phospholipids in the brain to enhance memory and inhibit NF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Shamim Hossain
- Institute of Rheological Functions of Food, 2241-1 Kubara, Hisayama-machi, Kasuya-gun, Fukuoka 811-2501, Japan.
| | - Shiro Mawatari
- Institute of Rheological Functions of Food, 2241-1 Kubara, Hisayama-machi, Kasuya-gun, Fukuoka 811-2501, Japan
| | - Takehiko Fujino
- Institute of Rheological Functions of Food, 2241-1 Kubara, Hisayama-machi, Kasuya-gun, Fukuoka 811-2501, Japan
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31
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Wang L, Geng G, Zhu T, Chen W, Li X, Gu J, Jiang E. Progress in Research on TLR4-Mediated Inflammatory Response Mechanisms in Brain Injury after Subarachnoid Hemorrhage. Cells 2022; 11:cells11233781. [PMID: 36497041 PMCID: PMC9740134 DOI: 10.3390/cells11233781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) is one of the common clinical neurological emergencies. Its incidence accounts for about 5-9% of cerebral stroke patients. Even surviving patients often suffer from severe adverse prognoses such as hemiplegia, aphasia, cognitive dysfunction and even death. Inflammatory response plays an important role during early nerve injury in SAH. Toll-like receptors (TLRs), pattern recognition receptors, are important components of the body's innate immune system, and they are usually activated by damage-associated molecular pattern molecules. Studies have shown that with TLR 4 as an essential member of the TLRs family, the inflammatory transduction pathway mediated by it plays a vital role in brain injury after SAH. After SAH occurrence, large amounts of blood enter the subarachnoid space. This can produce massive damage-associated molecular pattern molecules that bind to TLR4, which activates inflammatory response and causes early brain injury, thus resulting in serious adverse prognoses. In this paper, the process in research on TLR4-mediated inflammatory response mechanism in brain injury after SAH was reviewed to provide a new thought for clinical treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lintao Wang
- Institute of Nursing and Health, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
- School of Clinical Medicine, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng 475001, China
| | - Guangping Geng
- Henan Technician College of Medicine and Health, Kaifeng 475000, China
| | - Tao Zhu
- Department of Geriatrics, Kaifeng Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Kaifeng 475001, China
| | - Wenwu Chen
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng 475001, China
| | - Xiaohui Li
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng 475001, China
| | - Jianjun Gu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou 450003, China
| | - Enshe Jiang
- Institute of Nursing and Health, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
- Henan International Joint Laboratory for Nuclear Protein Regulation, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
- Correspondence:
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32
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HbS promotes TLR4-mediated monocyte activation and proinflammatory cytokine production in sickle cell disease. Blood 2022; 140:1972-1982. [PMID: 35984906 DOI: 10.1182/blood.2021014894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Monocytes are considered crucial actors of inflammation in sickle cell disease (SCD), being responsible for an increased production of proinflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), and IL-6. Although a role of free heme released by intravascular hemolysis has been suspected, the mechanisms underlying monocyte activation in patients with SCD remain unknown. Using purified human hemoglobin (Hb), we demonstrate herein, that cell-free HbS, unlike HbA or heme, is responsible for a major enhancement in the expression of proinflammatory cytokines by human monocytes. This effect was found mediated by direct interaction with the Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)/myeloid differentiation factor 2 (MD-2) complex, resulting in the activation of both the nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) and type I interferon pathways. In Townes SCD mice, injection of HbS, unlike HbA, was responsible for an increased production of proinflammatory cytokines, which was prevented by the TLR4 inhibitor, TAK-242. Our results reveal a novel mechanism of monocyte activation and systemic inflammation in SCD, which opens new promising therapeutic perspectives targeting the HbS-TLR4 interaction.
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Janpaijit S, Lertpatipanpong P, Sillapachaiyaporn C, Baek SJ, Charoenkiatkul S, Tencomnao T, Sukprasansap M. Anti-neuroinflammatory effects of Cleistocalyx nervosum var. paniala berry-seed extract in BV-2 microglial cells via inhibition of MAPKs/NF-κB signaling pathway. Heliyon 2022; 8:e11869. [DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e11869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2022] [Revised: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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Albaqami JJ, Benny TP, Hamdi H, Altemimi AB, Kuttithodi AM, Job JT, Sasidharan A, Narayanankutty A. Phytochemical Composition and In Vitro Antioxidant, Anti-Inflammatory, Anticancer, and Enzyme-Inhibitory Activities of Artemisia nilagirica (C.B. Clarke) Pamp. Molecules 2022; 27:7119. [PMID: 36296712 PMCID: PMC9611367 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27207119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Revised: 10/14/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Plants have been employed in therapeutic applications against various infectious and chronic diseases from ancient times. Various traditional medicines and folk systems have utilized numerous plants and plant products, which act as sources of drug candidates for modern medicine. Artemisia is a genus of the Asteraceae family with more than 500 species; however, many of these species are less explored for their biological efficacy, and several others are lacking scientific explanations for their uses. Artemisia nilagirica is a plant that is widely found in the Western Ghats, Kerala, India and is a prominent member of the genus. In the current study, the phytochemical composition and the antioxidant, enzyme-inhibitory, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer activities were examined. The results indicated that the ethanol extract of A. nilagirica indicated in vitro DPPH scavenging (23.12 ± 1.28 µg/mL), ABTS scavenging (27.44 ± 1.88 µg/mL), H2O2 scavenging (12.92 ± 1.05 µg/mL), and FRAP (5.42 ± 0.19 µg/mL). The anti-inflammatory effect was also noticed in the Raw 264.7 macrophages, where pretreatment with the extract reduced the LPS-stimulated production of cytokines (p < 0.05). A. nilagirica was also efficient in inhibiting the activities of α-amylase (38.42 ± 2.71 µg/mL), α-glucosidase (55.31 ± 2.16 µg/mL), aldose reductase (17.42 ± 0.87 µg/mL), and sorbitol dehydrogenase (29.57 ± 1.46 µg/mL). It also induced significant inhibition of proliferation in breast (MCF7 IC50 = 41.79 ± 1.07, MDAMB231 IC50 = 55.37 ± 2.11µg/mL) and colon (49.57 ± 1.46 µg/mL) cancer cells. The results of the phytochemical screening indicated a higher level of polyphenols and flavonoids in the extract and the LCMS analysis revealed the presence of various bioactive constituents including artemisinin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jawaher J. Albaqami
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Tancia P. Benny
- Division of Cell and Molecular Biology, PG and Research Department of Zoology, St. Joseph’s College (Autonomous), Devagiri, Calicut 673 008, Kerala, India
| | - Hamida Hamdi
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt
| | - Ammar B. Altemimi
- Department of Food Science, College of Agriculture, University of Basrah, Basrah 61004, Iraq
- College of Medicine, University of Warith Al-Anbiyaa, Karbala 56001, Iraq
| | - Aswathi Moothakoottil Kuttithodi
- Division of Cell and Molecular Biology, PG and Research Department of Zoology, St. Joseph’s College (Autonomous), Devagiri, Calicut 673 008, Kerala, India
| | - Joice Tom Job
- Division of Cell and Molecular Biology, PG and Research Department of Zoology, St. Joseph’s College (Autonomous), Devagiri, Calicut 673 008, Kerala, India
| | - Anju Sasidharan
- Division of Cell and Molecular Biology, PG and Research Department of Zoology, St. Joseph’s College (Autonomous), Devagiri, Calicut 673 008, Kerala, India
| | - Arunaksharan Narayanankutty
- Division of Cell and Molecular Biology, PG and Research Department of Zoology, St. Joseph’s College (Autonomous), Devagiri, Calicut 673 008, Kerala, India
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Zhao Y, Jaber VR, Pogue AI, Sharfman NM, Taylor C, Lukiw WJ. Lipopolysaccharides (LPSs) as Potent Neurotoxic Glycolipids in Alzheimer's Disease (AD). Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232012671. [PMID: 36293528 PMCID: PMC9604166 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232012671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Revised: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Lipopolysaccharides (LPSs) are microbiome-derived glycolipids that are among the most potent pro-inflammatory neurotoxins known. In Homo sapiens, the major sources of LPSs are gastrointestinal (GI)-tract-resident facultative anaerobic Gram-negative bacilli, including Bacteroides fragilis and Escherichia coli. LPSs have been abundantly detected in aged human brain by multiple independent research investigators, and an increased abundance of LPSs around and within Alzheimer's disease (AD)-affected neurons has been found. Microbiome-generated LPSs and other endotoxins cross GI-tract biophysiological barriers into the systemic circulation and across the blood-brain barrier into the brain, a pathological process that increases during aging and in vascular disorders, including 'leaky gut syndrome'. Further evidence indicates that LPSs up-regulate pro-inflammatory transcription factor complex NF-kB (p50/p65) and subsequently a set of NF-kB-sensitive microRNAs, including miRNA-30b, miRNA-34a, miRNA-146a and miRNA-155. These up-regulated miRNAs in turn down-regulate a family of neurodegeneration-associated messenger RNA (mRNA) targets, including the mRNA encoding the neuron-specific neurofilament light (NF-L) chain protein. While NF-L has been reported to be up-regulated in peripheral biofluids in AD and other progressive and lethal pro-inflammatory neurodegenerative disorders, NF-L is significantly down-regulated within neocortical neurons, and this may account for neuronal atrophy, loss of axonal caliber and alterations in neuronal cell shape, modified synaptic architecture and network deficits in neuronal signaling capacity. This paper reviews and reveals the most current findings on the neurotoxic aspects of LPSs and how these pro-inflammatory glycolipids contribute to the biological mechanism of progressive, age-related and ultimately lethal neurodegenerative disorders. This recently discovered gut-microbiota-derived LPS-NF-kB-miRNA-30b-NF-L pathological signaling network: (i) underscores a direct positive pathological link between the LPSs of GI-tract microbes and the inflammatory neuropathology, disordered cytoskeleton, and disrupted synaptic-signaling of the AD brain and stressed human brain cells in primary culture; and (ii) is the first example of a microbiome-derived neurotoxic glycolipid having significant detrimental miRNA-mediated actions on the expression of NF-L, an abundant filamentous protein known to be important in the maintenance of neuronal and synaptic homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhai Zhao
- LSU Neuroscience Center, Louisiana State University Health Science Center, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, LSU Health Science Center, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Vivian R. Jaber
- LSU Neuroscience Center, Louisiana State University Health Science Center, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | | | - Nathan M. Sharfman
- LSU Neuroscience Center, Louisiana State University Health Science Center, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Christopher Taylor
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology & Parasitology, LSU Health Science Center, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Walter J. Lukiw
- LSU Neuroscience Center, Louisiana State University Health Science Center, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
- Alchem Biotech Research, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada
- Department of Ophthalmology, LSU Health Science Center, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
- Department Neurology, Louisiana State University Health Science Center, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
- Correspondence:
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36
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Kim HG, Jeong SG, Kim JH, Cho JY. Phosphatase inhibition by sodium orthovanadate displays anti-inflammatory action by suppressing AKT-IKKβ signaling in RAW264.7 cells. Toxicol Rep 2022; 9:1883-1893. [PMID: 36518371 PMCID: PMC9742970 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2022.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Revised: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Sodium orthovanadate (Na3VO4) is an inhibitor of phosphatases that acts as a phosphate analog and is being developed as an anti-diabetes drug. Phosphatases play important roles in inflammatory signal pathways by modulating the removal of phosphate moieties of key signaling proteins. However, the role of protein phosphatases on the inflammatory response has not been fully established. In this study, we investigated how phosphatases can control the inflammatory response using Na3VO4 in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells and explored the molecular mechanisms by NO assay, mRNA analysis, immunoblotting analysis, kinase assay, luciferase reporter gene assay, and mutation strategy. Na3VO4 decreased the release of nitric oxide (NO) and suppressed the expression of pro-inflammatory genes at the transcriptional level, without cytotoxicity. The translocation of nuclear factor (NF)-κB subunits into the nucleus and the level of p-IκBα were reduced by Na3VO4, as was IKKβ activity. Na3VO4 inhibited NF-κB-Luc activity under AKT1/2 and IKKβ overexpression. However, the inhibitory effect of Na3VO4 against NF-κB-Luc was not observed in the group overexpressing both AKT2 and IKKβ-M10, a mutant in which the 10 serine residues in the autophosphorylated region of the C-terminal were replaced with alanine. Na3VO4 directly decreased the activity of protein phosphatase 1α (PP1α) and protein phosphatase 2 A (PP2A) by 95%. Phosphatase inhibition by Na3VO4 also selectively suppressed AKT-IKKβ signaling by directly blocking the phosphatase activity of PP1 and PP2A, consequently down-regulating NF-κB and inflammatory gene expression. Therefore, these results suggest that vanadium compounds including Na3VO4 can be developed as anti-inflammatory drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ji Hye Kim
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology and Biomedical Institute for Convergence at SKKU, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Youl Cho
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology and Biomedical Institute for Convergence at SKKU, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
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37
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Sun L, Sun Z, Wang Q, Zhang Y, Jia Z. Role of nuclear receptor PXR in immune cells and inflammatory diseases. Front Immunol 2022; 13:969399. [PMID: 36119030 PMCID: PMC9481241 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.969399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 08/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Pregnane X receptor (PXR, NR1I2), a prototypical member of the nuclear receptor superfamily, has been implicated in various processes including metabolism, immune response, and inflammation. The immune system is made up of many interdependent parts, including lymphoid organs, cells, and cytokines, which play important roles in identifying, repelling, and eliminating pathogens and other foreign chemicals. An impaired immune system could contribute to various physical dysfunction, including severe infections, allergic diseases, autoimmune disorders, and other inflammatory diseases. Recent studies revealed the involvement of PXR in the pathogenesis of immune disorders and inflammatory responses. Thus, the aim of this work is to review and discuss the advances in research associated with PXR on immunity and inflammatory diseases and to provide insights into the development of therapeutic interventions of immune disorders and inflammatory diseases by targeting PXR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Le Sun
- Nanjing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Children’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Department of Nephrology, Children’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhenzhen Sun
- Nanjing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Children’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Department of Nephrology, Children’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Qian Wang
- Nanjing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Children’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Department of Nephrology, Children’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yue Zhang
- Nanjing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Children’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Department of Nephrology, Children’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- *Correspondence: Yue Zhang, ; Zhanjun Jia,
| | - Zhanjun Jia
- Nanjing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Children’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Department of Nephrology, Children’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- *Correspondence: Yue Zhang, ; Zhanjun Jia,
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Aschner M, Skalny AV, Ke T, da Rocha JBT, Paoliello MMB, Santamaria A, Bornhorst J, Rongzhu L, Svistunov AA, Djordevic AB, Tinkov AA. Hydrogen Sulfide (H 2S) Signaling as a Protective Mechanism against Endogenous and Exogenous Neurotoxicants. Curr Neuropharmacol 2022; 20:1908-1924. [PMID: 35236265 PMCID: PMC9886801 DOI: 10.2174/1570159x20666220302101854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Revised: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 02/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
In view of the significant role of H2S in brain functioning, it is proposed that H2S may also possess protective effects against adverse effects of neurotoxicants. Therefore, the objective of the present review is to discuss the neuroprotective effects of H2S against toxicity of a wide spectrum of endogenous and exogenous agents involved in the pathogenesis of neurological diseases as etiological factors or key players in disease pathogenesis. Generally, the existing data demonstrate that H2S possesses neuroprotective effects upon exposure to endogenous (amyloid β, glucose, and advanced-glycation end-products, homocysteine, lipopolysaccharide, and ammonia) and exogenous (alcohol, formaldehyde, acrylonitrile, metals, 6-hydroxydopamine, as well as 1-methyl-4-phenyl- 1,2,3,6- tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) and its metabolite 1-methyl-4-phenyl pyridine ion (MPP)) neurotoxicants. On the one hand, neuroprotective effects are mediated by S-sulfhydration of key regulators of antioxidant (Sirt1, Nrf2) and inflammatory response (NF-κB), resulting in the modulation of the downstream signaling, such as SIRT1/TORC1/CREB/BDNF-TrkB, Nrf2/ARE/HO-1, or other pathways. On the other hand, H2S appears to possess a direct detoxicative effect by binding endogenous (ROS, AGEs, Aβ) and exogenous (MeHg) neurotoxicants, thus reducing their toxicity. Moreover, the alteration of H2S metabolism through the inhibition of H2S-synthetizing enzymes in the brain (CBS, 3-MST) may be considered a significant mechanism of neurotoxicity. Taken together, the existing data indicate that the modulation of cerebral H2S metabolism may be used as a neuroprotective strategy to counteract neurotoxicity of a wide spectrum of endogenous and exogenous neurotoxicants associated with neurodegeneration (Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease), fetal alcohol syndrome, hepatic encephalopathy, environmental neurotoxicant exposure, etc. In this particular case, modulation of H2S-synthetizing enzymes or the use of H2S-releasing drugs should be considered as the potential tools, although the particular efficiency and safety of such interventions are to be addressed in further studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Aschner
- Address correspondence to this author at the Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA; E-mail
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Pereira M, Durso DF, Bryant CE, Kurt-Jones EA, Silverman N, Golenbock DT, Gazzinelli RT. The IRAK4 scaffold integrates TLR4-driven TRIF and MYD88 signaling pathways. Cell Rep 2022; 40:111225. [PMID: 35977521 PMCID: PMC9446533 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2022.111225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Revised: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Interleukin-1 receptor-associated kinases (IRAKs) -4, -2, and -1 are involved in transducing signals from Toll-like receptors (TLRs) via the adaptor myeloid differentiation primary-response protein 88 (MYD88). How MYD88/IRAK4/2/1 complexes are formed, their redundancies, and potential non-enzymatic roles are subjects of debate. Here, we examine the hierarchical requirements for IRAK proteins in the context of TLR4 activation and confirmed that the kinase activity of IRAK4 is essential for MYD88 signaling. Surprisingly, the IRAK4 scaffold is required for activation of the E3 ubiquitin ligase TNF receptor-associated factor 6 (TRAF6) by both MYD88 and TIR domain-containing adaptor protein inducing IFN-β (TRIF), a unique adaptation in the TLR4 response. IRAK4 scaffold is, therefore, essential in integrating MYD88 and TRIF in TLR4 signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milton Pereira
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA.
| | - Danielle F Durso
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Clare E Bryant
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Evelyn A Kurt-Jones
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Neal Silverman
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Douglas T Golenbock
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Ricardo T Gazzinelli
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA; Centro de Tecnologia de Vacinas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil; Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil; Plataforma de Medicina Translacional, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil.
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40
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Larazotide acetate as a preventive and therapeutic pharmacotherapy in obesity and metabolic syndrome. Med Hypotheses 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mehy.2022.110940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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41
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Baumann A, Burger K, Brandt A, Staltner R, Jung F, Rajcic D, Lorenzo Pisarello MJ, Bergheim I. GW9662, a peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma antagonist, attenuates the development of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Metabolism 2022; 133:155233. [PMID: 35654114 DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2022.155233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Revised: 05/20/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Insulin resistance is among the key risk factors for the development of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Recently, it has been reported that GW9662, shown to be a potent peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) antagonist, may improve insulin sensitivity in settings of type 2 diabetes. Here, we determined the effects of GW9662 on the development of NAFLD and molecular mechanisms involved. METHODS Female C57BL/6J mice were pair-fed either a liquid control diet (C) or a fat-, fructose- and cholesterol-rich diet (FFC) for 8 weeks while either being treated with GW9662 (1 mg/kg body weight; C+GW9662 and FFC+GW9662) or vehicle (C and FFC) i.p. three times weekly. Indices of liver damage and inflammation, parameters of glucose metabolism and portal endotoxin levels were determined. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-challenged J774A.1 cells were treated with 10 μM GW9662. RESULTS Despite similar caloric intake the development of NAFLD and insulin resistance were significantly attenuated in FFC+GW9662-treated mice when compared to FFC-fed animals. Bacterial endotoxin levels in portal plasma were almost similarly increased in both FFC-fed groups while expressions of toll-like receptor 4 (Tlr4), myeloid differentiation primary response 88 (Myd88) and interleukin 1 beta (Il1b) as well as nitrite (NO2-) concentration in liver were significantly higher in FFC-fed mice than in FFC+GW9662-treated animals. In J774A.1 cells, treatment with GW9662 significantly attenuated LPS-induced expression of Il1b, interleukin 6 (Il6) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNos) as well as NO2- formation. CONCLUSION In summary, our data suggest that the PPARγ antagonist GW9662 attenuates the development of a diet-induced NAFLD and that this is associated with a protection against the activation of the TLR4 signaling cascade.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anja Baumann
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Molecular Nutritional Science, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Katharina Burger
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Molecular Nutritional Science, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Annette Brandt
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Molecular Nutritional Science, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Raphaela Staltner
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Molecular Nutritional Science, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Finn Jung
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Molecular Nutritional Science, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Dragana Rajcic
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Molecular Nutritional Science, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Ina Bergheim
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Molecular Nutritional Science, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
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Khalyfa AA, Punatar S, Yarbrough A. Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Understanding the Inflammatory Implications of the Microbiome. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23158164. [PMID: 35897739 PMCID: PMC9332105 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23158164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2022] [Revised: 07/17/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the third leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. It is well known that repeated inflammatory insults in the liver can cause hepatic cellular injury that lead to cirrhosis and, ultimately, hepatocellular carcinoma. Furthermore, the microbiome has been implicated in multiple inflammatory conditions which predispose patients to malignancy. With this in mind, we explore the inflammatory implications of the microbiome on pathways that lead to HCC. We also focus on how an understanding of these underlying inflammatory principles lead to a more wholistic understanding of this deadly disease, as well as potential therapeutic implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahamed A. Khalyfa
- Department of Internal Medicine, Franciscan Health Olympia Fields, Olympia Fields, IL 60461, USA;
- Correspondence:
| | - Shil Punatar
- Department of Internal Medicine, Franciscan Health Olympia Fields, Olympia Fields, IL 60461, USA;
| | - Alex Yarbrough
- Department of Gastroenterology, Franciscan Health Olympia Fields, Olympia Fields, IL 60461, USA;
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Li YH, Hsu DZ, Liu CT, Chandrasekaran VRM, Liu MY. The protective effect of muscimol against systemic inflammatory response in endotoxemic mice is independent of GABAergic and cholinergic receptors. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2022; 100:665-678. [PMID: 35856422 DOI: 10.1139/cjpp-2021-0682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Systemic inflammatory response syndrome plays an important role in the development of sepsis. GABAergic and cholinergic pathways activation are considered important for inflammatory response regulation. Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-12, IL-10, as well as inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS)-derived nitric oxide (NO) are important inflammatory mediators involved in the pathogenesis of sepsis. Muscimol, an active compound from the mushroom Amanita muscaria (L.) Lam., is a potent GABAA agonist, inhibits inflammatory response via activating GABAA receptor and vagus nerve. However, the effect of muscimol on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced systemic inflammatory response is still unclear. Therefore, we studied the effects of muscimol on systemic inflammatory response and survival rate in endotoxemic mice. Mice endotoxemia was induced by LPS. Muscimol was given to mice or RAW264.7 cells 30 min before LPS (10 mg/kg, i.p., or 10 ng/mL, respectively). Mice received GABAergic and cholinergic receptor antagonists 30 min before muscimol and LPS. Muscimol decreased TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-12, iNOS-derived NO, and increased IL-10 levels and survival rate after LPS treatment. Muscimol significantly decreased nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) activity, increased IκB expression, and decreased pIKK expression in LPS-treated RAW264.7 cells. GABAergic and cholinergic antagonists failed to reverse muscimol's protection in LPS-treated mice. In conclusion, muscimol protected against systemic inflammatory response in endotoxemic mice may be partially independent of GABAergic and cholinergic receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Hui Li
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70428, Taiwan
| | - Dur-Zong Hsu
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70428, Taiwan
| | - Chuan-Teng Liu
- Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40447, Taiwan
| | - Victor Raj Mohan Chandrasekaran
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70428, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Yie Liu
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70428, Taiwan
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Liu Z, Dong WT, Wei WF, Huo JH, Wang WM. Exploring the mechanism of Qinbaiqingfei-concentrate pills in the treatment of Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia from the perspective of intestinal microbiota and mucosal immunity. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 293:115308. [PMID: 35460847 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2022.115308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2021] [Revised: 04/14/2022] [Accepted: 04/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Traditional Chinese medicine categorizes Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia as "lung heat", and treatment with heat clear and detoxify. Traditional Chinese medicine believes that the lungs and intestines come from the same source, and the intestine is related to pneumonia. This is the same as the gut-lung axis theory. Qinbaiqingfei concentrate pills (QBs) were modified based on Cough San in the ancient medical book Medical Awareness. It clears lung heat, moisturizes the lungs and dredges collaterals, and has a good ability to treat Mycoplasma pneumoniae. AIM OF THE STUDY A rat model of Mycoplasma pneumoniae was established. From the aspect of intestinal flora and mucosal immunity, the potential mechanism of the QBs was researched. MATERIALS AND METHODS First, the content of Mycoplasma pneumoniae in lung tissue and the levels of the inflammatory factors IL-4, IL-10, TNF-α and INF-γ were detected. To determine the expression of NF-kB related proteins in lung tissue, which can understand the ability in treating disease. Next, metagenomic sequencing was performed to detect changes in short-chain fatty acids, proving the ability of the drug to regulate intestinal microecology. Finally, HDAC, LPS, SIgA, etc. were detected to facilitate the correlation of the overall experimental indicators. RESULTS QBs reduces the levels of IL-4, IL-10, TNF-α and INF-γ in the serum by inhibiting the expression of MyD88, IKKα, IκBα, and NF-κB p65 in lung tissue. In addition, QBs restores the ratio of gram-negative bacteria to gram-positive bacteria in the intestine, restores the secretion of acetic acid, propionic acid, butyric acid, isobutyric acid and isovaleric acid, and promotes the secretion of NF-κB p65 and SIgA by HDAC1/3. The result is that the lung tissue is repaired and the proliferation of Mycoplasma pneumoniae is inhibited. CONCLUSIONS From the "gut-lung axis", a new research perspective was discovered. QBs intervened in the intestines and lungs to treat Mycoplasma pneumoniae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Liu
- Heilongjiang Academy of Chinese Medicine Science, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Harbin, 15000, PR China
| | - Wen-Ting Dong
- Heilongjiang Academy of Chinese Medicine Science, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Harbin, 15000, PR China
| | - Wen-Feng Wei
- Heilongjiang Academy of Chinese Medicine Science, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Harbin, 15000, PR China
| | - Jin-Hai Huo
- Heilongjiang Academy of Chinese Medicine Science, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Harbin, 15000, PR China.
| | - Wei-Ming Wang
- Heilongjiang Academy of Chinese Medicine Science, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Harbin, 15000, PR China.
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Birla H, Xia J, Gao X, Zhao H, Wang F, Patel S, Amponsah A, Bekker A, Tao YX, Hu H. Toll-like receptor 4 activation enhances Orai1-mediated calcium signal promoting cytokine production in spinal astrocytes. Cell Calcium 2022; 105:102619. [PMID: 35780680 PMCID: PMC9928533 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceca.2022.102619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Revised: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) has been implicated in pathological conditions including chronic pain. Activation of astrocytic TLRs leads to the synthesis of pro-inflammatory cytokines like interleukin 6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-ɑ (TNF-α), which can cause pathological inflammation and tissue damage in the central nervous system. However, the mechanisms of TLR4-mediated cytokine releases from astrocytes are incomplete understood. Our previous study has shown that Orai1, a key component of calcium release activated calcium channels (CRACs), mediates Ca2+ entry in astrocytes. How Orai1 contributes to TLR4 signaling remains unclear. Here we show that Orai1 deficiency drastically attenuated lipopolysaccharides (LPS)-induced TNF-α and IL-6 production in astrocytes. Acute LPS treatment did not induce Ca2+ response and had no effect on thapsigargin (Ca2+-ATPase inhibitor)-induced store-dependent Ca2+ entry. Inhibition or knockdown of Orai1 showed no reduction in LPS-induced p-ERK1/2, p-c-Jun N-terminal kinase, or p-p38 MAPK activation. Interestingly, Orai1 protein level was significantly increased after LPS exposure, which was blocked by inhibition of NF-κB activity. LPS significantly increased basal Ca2+ level and SOCE after exposure to astrocytes. Moreover, elevating extracellular Ca2+ concentration increased cytosolic Ca2+ level, which was almost eliminated in Orai1 KO astrocytes. Our study reports novel findings that Orai1 acts as a Ca2+ leak channel regulating the basal Ca2+ level and enhancing cytokine production in astrocytes under the inflammatory condition. These findings highlight an important role of Orai1 in astrocytic TRL4 function and may suggest that Orai1 could be a potential therapeutic target for neuroinflammatory disorders including chronic pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hareram Birla
- Department of Anesthesiology, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ 07103
| | - Jingsheng Xia
- Department of Anesthesiology, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ 07103
| | - Xinghua Gao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ 07103
| | - Hui Zhao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ 07103
| | - Fengying Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ 07103
| | - Shivam Patel
- Department of Anesthesiology, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ 07103
| | - Akwasi Amponsah
- Department of Anesthesiology, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ 07103
| | - Alex Bekker
- Department of Anesthesiology, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ 07103
| | - Yuan-Xiang Tao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ 07103,Department of Pharmacology, Physiology & Neuroscience, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ 07103
| | - Huijuan Hu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, 07103, USA; Department of Pharmacology, Physiology & Neuroscience, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, 07103, USA.
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Pogue AI, Jaber VR, Sharfman NM, Zhao Y, Lukiw WJ. Downregulation of Neurofilament Light Chain Expression in Human Neuronal-Glial Cell Co-Cultures by a Microbiome-Derived Lipopolysaccharide-Induced miRNA-30b-5p. Front Neurol 2022; 13:900048. [PMID: 35812116 PMCID: PMC9263091 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2022.900048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Microbiome-derived Gram-negative bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) has been shown by multiple laboratories to reside within Alzheimer's disease (AD)-affected neocortical and hippocampal neurons. LPS and other pro-inflammatory stressors strongly induce a defined set of NF-kB (p50/p65)-sensitive human microRNAs, including a brain-enriched Homo sapien microRNA-30b-5p (hsa-miRNA-30b-5p; miRNA-30b). Here we provide evidence that this neuropathology-associated miRNA, known to be upregulated in AD brain and LPS-stressed human neuronal-glial (HNG) cells in primary culture targets the neurofilament light (NF-L) chain mRNA 3'-untranslated region (3'-UTR), which is conducive to the post-transcriptional downregulation of NF-L expression observed within both AD and LPS-treated HNG cells. A deficiency of NF-L is associated with consequent atrophy of the neuronal cytoskeleton and the disruption of synaptic organization. Interestingly, miRNA-30b has previously been shown to be highly expressed in amyloid-beta (Aβ) peptide-treated animal and cell models, and Aβ peptides promote LPS entry into neurons. Increased miRNA-30b expression induces neuronal injury, neuron loss, neuronal inflammation, impairment of synaptic transmission, and synaptic failure in neurodegenerative disease and transgenic murine models. This gut microbiota-derived LPS-NF-kB-miRNA-30b-NF-L pathological signaling network: (i) underscores a positive pathological link between the LPS of gastrointestinal (GI)-tract microbes and the inflammatory neuropathology, disordered cytoskeleton, and disrupted synaptic signaling of the AD brain and stressed brain cells; and (ii) is the first example of a microbiome-derived neurotoxic glycolipid having significant detrimental miRNA-30b-mediated actions on the expression of NF-L, an abundant neuron-specific filament protein known to be important in the maintenance of neuronal cell shape, axonal caliber, and synaptic homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Vivian R. Jaber
- LSU Neuroscience Center, Louisiana State University Health Science Center, New Orleans, LA, United States
| | - Nathan M. Sharfman
- LSU Neuroscience Center, Louisiana State University Health Science Center, New Orleans, LA, United States
| | - Yuhai Zhao
- LSU Neuroscience Center, Louisiana State University Health Science Center, New Orleans, LA, United States
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, Louisiana State University Health Science Center, New Orleans, LA, United States
| | - Walter J. Lukiw
- Alchem Biotech Research, Toronto, ON, Canada
- LSU Neuroscience Center, Louisiana State University Health Science Center, New Orleans, LA, United States
- Department of Ophthalmology, Louisiana State University Health Science Center, New Orleans, LA, United States
- Department Neurology, Louisiana State University Health Science Center, New Orleans, LA, United States
- *Correspondence: Walter J. Lukiw
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Bautista-Olivier CD, Elizondo G. PXR as the tipping point between innate immune response, microbial infections, and drug metabolism. Biochem Pharmacol 2022; 202:115147. [PMID: 35714683 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2022.115147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Revised: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Pregnane X receptor (PXR) is a xenosensor that acts as a transcription factor in the cell nucleus to protect cells from toxic insults. In response to exposure to several chemical agents, PXR induces the expression of enzymes and drug transporters that biotransform xenobiotic and endobiotic and eliminate metabolites. Recently, PXR has been shown to have immunomodulatory effects that involve cross-communication with molecular pathways in innate immunity cells. Conversely, several inflammatory factors regulate PXR signaling. This review examines the crosstalk between PXR and nuclear factor kappa B (NFkB), Toll-like receptors (TLRs), and inflammasome components. Discussions of the consequences of these interactions on immune responses to infections caused by viruses, bacteria, fungi, and parasites are included together with a review of the effects of microorganisms on PXR-associated drug metabolism. This paper aims to encourage researchers to pursue studies that will better elucidate the relationship between PXR and the immune system and thus inform treatment development.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Guillermo Elizondo
- Departamento de Biología Celular, CINVESTAV-IPN, Av. IPN 2508, C.P. 07360, Ciudad de México, Mexico.
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Kolbe N, Hexemer L, Bammert LM, Loewer A, Lukáčová-Medvid’ová M, Legewie S. Data-based stochastic modeling reveals sources of activity bursts in single-cell TGF-β signaling. PLoS Comput Biol 2022; 18:e1010266. [PMID: 35759468 PMCID: PMC9269928 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1010266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Revised: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Cells sense their surrounding by employing intracellular signaling pathways that transmit hormonal signals from the cell membrane to the nucleus. TGF-β/SMAD signaling encodes various cell fates, controls tissue homeostasis and is deregulated in diseases such as cancer. The pathway shows strong heterogeneity at the single-cell level, but quantitative insights into mechanisms underlying fluctuations at various time scales are still missing, partly due to inefficiency in the calibration of stochastic models that mechanistically describe signaling processes. In this work we analyze single-cell TGF-β/SMAD signaling and show that it exhibits temporal stochastic bursts which are dose-dependent and whose number and magnitude correlate with cell migration. We propose a stochastic modeling approach to mechanistically describe these pathway fluctuations with high computational efficiency. Employing high-order numerical integration and fitting to burst statistics we enable efficient quantitative parameter estimation and discriminate models that assume noise in different reactions at the receptor level. This modeling approach suggests that stochasticity in the internalization of TGF-β receptors into endosomes plays a key role in the observed temporal bursting. Further, the model predicts the single-cell dynamics of TGF-β/SMAD signaling in untested conditions, e.g., successfully reflects memory effects of signaling noise and cellular sensitivity towards repeated stimulation. Taken together, our computational framework based on burst analysis, noise modeling and path computation scheme is a suitable tool for the data-based modeling of complex signaling pathways, capable of identifying the source of temporal noise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niklas Kolbe
- Institute of Geometry and Practical Mathematics, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Lorenz Hexemer
- Institute of Molecular Biology (IMB), Mainz, Germany
- Department of Systems Biology, Institute for Biomedical Genetics (IBMG), University of Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany
| | | | - Alexander Loewer
- Systems Biology of the Stress Response, Department of Biology, Technical University of Darmstadt, Darmstadt, Germany
| | | | - Stefan Legewie
- Department of Systems Biology, Institute for Biomedical Genetics (IBMG), University of Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany
- Stuttgart Research Center for Systems Biology (SRCSB), University of Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany
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49
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You DJ, Lee HY, Taylor-Just AJ, Bonner JC. Synergistic induction of IL-6 production in human bronchial epithelial cells in vitro by nickel nanoparticles and lipopolysaccharide is mediated by STAT3 and C/EBPβ. Toxicol In Vitro 2022; 83:105394. [PMID: 35623502 DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2022.105394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 05/03/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
We previously reported that delivery of nickel nanoparticles (NiNPs) and bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) into the lungs of mice synergistically increased IL-6 production and inflammation, and male mice were more susceptible than female mice. The primary goal of this study was to utilize an in vitro human lung epithelial cell model (BEAS-2B) to investigate the intracellular signaling mechanisms that mediate IL-6 production by LPS and NiNPs. We also investigated the effect of sex hormones on NiNP and LPS-induced IL-6 production in vitro. LPS and NiNPs synergistically induced IL-6 mRNA and protein in BEAS-2B cells. TPCA-1, a dual inhibitor of IKK-2 and STAT3, blocked the synergistic increase in IL-6 caused by LPS and NiNPs, abolished STAT3 activation, and reduced C/EBPβ. Conversely, SC144, an inhibitor of the gp130 component of the IL-6 receptor, enhanced IL-6 production induced by LPS and NiNPs. Treatment of BEAS-2B cells with sex hormones (17β-estradiol, progesterone, or testosterone) or the anti-oxidant NAC, had no effect on IL-6 induction by LPS and NiNPs. These data suggest that LPS and NiNPs induce IL-6 via STAT3 and C/EBPβ in BEAS-2B cells. While BEAS-2B cells are a suitable model to study mechanisms of IL-6 production, they do not appear to be suitable for studying the effect of sex hormones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorothy J You
- Toxicology Program, Department of Biological Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27606, United States of America
| | - Ho Young Lee
- Toxicology Program, Department of Biological Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27606, United States of America
| | - Alexia J Taylor-Just
- Toxicology Program, Department of Biological Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27606, United States of America
| | - James C Bonner
- Toxicology Program, Department of Biological Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27606, United States of America.
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Tang ML, Li H, Ning JF, Shen X, Sun X. Discovery of First-in-Class TAK1-MKK3 Protein-Protein Interaction (PPI) Inhibitor (R)-STU104 for the Treatment of Ulcerative Colitis through Modulating TNF-α Production. J Med Chem 2022; 65:6690-6709. [PMID: 35442672 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.1c02198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) has been demonstrated to be a therapeutic target for autoimmune diseases. However, this biological therapy exhibits some inevitable disadvantages, such as risk of infection. Thus, small-molecule alternatives by targeting TNF-α production signaling pathway are still in demand. Herein, we describe the design, synthesis, and structure-activity relationships of 3-aryindanone compounds regarding their modulation of TNF-α production. Among them, (R)-STU104 exhibited the most potent inhibitory activity on TNF-α production, which suppressed the TAK1/MKK3/p38/MnK1/MK2/elF4E signal pathways through binding with MKK3 and disrupting the TAK1 phosphorylating MKK3. As a result, (R)-STU104 demonstrated remarkable dose-effect relationships on both acute and chronic mouse UC models. In addition to its good pharmacokinetic (PK) and safety profile, (R)-STU104 showed better anti-UC efficacy in vivo at 10 mg/kg/d than mesalazine at the dose of 50 mg/kg/d. These results suggested that TAK1-MKK3 interaction inhibitors could be potentially utilized for the treatment of UC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei-Lin Tang
- School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, 826 Zhangheng Road, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Haidong Li
- School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, 826 Zhangheng Road, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Jin-Feng Ning
- School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, 826 Zhangheng Road, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Xiaoyan Shen
- School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, 826 Zhangheng Road, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Xun Sun
- School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, 826 Zhangheng Road, Shanghai 201203, China.,The Institutes of Integrative Medicine of Fudan University, 12 Wulumuqi Zhong Road, Shanghai 200040, China
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