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Nemes SA, Fărcas AC, Ranga F, Teleky BE, Călinoiu LF, Dulf FV, Vodnar DC. Enhancing phenolic and lipid compound production in oat bran via acid pretreatment and solid-state fermentation with Aspergillus niger. N Biotechnol 2024; 83:91-100. [PMID: 39053684 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbt.2024.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2024] [Revised: 06/10/2024] [Accepted: 07/22/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
Oat (Avena sativa) processing generates a large amount of by-products, especially oat bran. These by-products are excellent sources of bioactive compounds such as polyphenols and essential fatty acids. Therefore, enhancing the extraction of these bioactive substances and incorporating them into the human diet is critical. This study investigates the effect of acid pretreatment on the solid-state fermentation of oat bran with Aspergillus niger, with an emphasis on the bioaccessibility of phenolic acids and lipid profile. The results showed a considerable increase in reducing sugars following acid pretreatment. On the sixth day, there was a notable increase in the total phenolic content, reaching 58.114 ± 0.09 mg GAE/g DW, and the vanillic acid level significantly rose to 77.419 ± 0.27 μg/g DW. The lipid profile study revealed changes ranging from 4.66 % in the control to 7.33 % on the sixth day of SSF. Aside from biochemical alterations, antioxidant activity measurement using the DPPH technique demonstrated the maximum scavenging activity on day 4 (83.33 %). This study highlights acid pretreatment's role in enhancing bioactive compound accessibility in solid-state fermentation and its importance for functional food development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Amalia Nemes
- Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, Manastur 3-5, Cluj-Napoca 400372, Romania; Faculty of Agriculture, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, Manastur 3-5, Cluj-Napoca 400372, Romania.
| | - Anca Corina Fărcas
- Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, Manastur 3-5, Cluj-Napoca 400372, Romania; Faculty of Agriculture, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, Manastur 3-5, Cluj-Napoca 400372, Romania.
| | - Floricuta Ranga
- Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, Manastur 3-5, Cluj-Napoca 400372, Romania; Faculty of Agriculture, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, Manastur 3-5, Cluj-Napoca 400372, Romania.
| | - Bernadette-Emoke Teleky
- Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, Manastur 3-5, Cluj-Napoca 400372, Romania; Faculty of Agriculture, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, Manastur 3-5, Cluj-Napoca 400372, Romania.
| | - Lavinia Florina Călinoiu
- Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, Manastur 3-5, Cluj-Napoca 400372, Romania; Faculty of Agriculture, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, Manastur 3-5, Cluj-Napoca 400372, Romania.
| | - Francisc Vasile Dulf
- Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, Manastur 3-5, Cluj-Napoca 400372, Romania; Faculty of Agriculture, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, Manastur 3-5, Cluj-Napoca 400372, Romania.
| | - Dan Cristian Vodnar
- Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, Manastur 3-5, Cluj-Napoca 400372, Romania; Faculty of Agriculture, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, Manastur 3-5, Cluj-Napoca 400372, Romania.
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2
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Sakthivel S, Muthusamy K, Thangarajan AP, Thiruvengadam M, Venkidasamy B. Nano-based biofuel production from low-cost lignocellulose biomass: environmental sustainability and economic approach. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2024; 47:971-990. [PMID: 38554183 DOI: 10.1007/s00449-024-03005-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/01/2024]
Abstract
The use of nanomaterials in biofuel production from lignocellulosic biomass offers a promising approach to simultaneously address environmental sustainability and economic viability. This review provides an overview of the environmental and economic implications of integrating nanotechnology into biofuel production from low-cost lignocellulosic biomass. In this review, we highlight the potential benefits and challenges of nano-based biofuel production. Nanomaterials provide opportunities to improve feedstock pretreatment, enzymatic hydrolysis, fermentation, and catalysis, resulting in enhanced process efficiency, lower energy consumption, and reduced environmental impact. Conducting life cycle assessments is crucial for evaluating the overall environmental footprint of biofuel production. An economic perspective that focuses on the cost implications of utilizing nanomaterials in biofuel production is also discussed. A comprehensive understanding of both environmental and economic dimensions is essential to fully harness the potential of nanomaterials in biofuel production from lignocellulosic biomass and to move towards sustainable future energy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Selvakumar Sakthivel
- Department of Periodontics, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Saveetha University, Chennai, 600077, Tamil Nadu, India
- Centre for Marine Science and Technology, Manonmaniam Sundaranar University, Rajakkamangalam, 629502, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Kanthimathi Muthusamy
- Sri Paramakalyani Centre of Excellence in Environmental Sciences, Manonmaniam Sundaranar University, Alwarkurichi, 627412, Tamil Nadu, India
| | | | - Muthu Thiruvengadam
- Department of Applied Bioscience, College of Life and Environmental Science, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029, Republic of Korea
- Center for Global Health Research, Saveetha Medical College, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Saveetha University, Chennai, 600077, India
| | - Baskar Venkidasamy
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Saveetha University, Chennai, 600077, Tamil Nadu, India.
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3
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Bertran-Llorens S, Zhou W, Palazzolo MA, Colpa DL, Euverink GJW, Krooneman J, Deuss PJ. ALACEN: A Holistic Herbaceous Biomass Fractionation Process Attaining a Xylose-Rich Stream for Direct Microbial Conversion to Bioplastics. ACS SUSTAINABLE CHEMISTRY & ENGINEERING 2024; 12:7724-7738. [PMID: 38783842 PMCID: PMC11110678 DOI: 10.1021/acssuschemeng.3c08414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Revised: 04/17/2024] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Lignocellulose biorefining is a promising technology for the sustainable production of chemicals and biopolymers. Usually, when one component is focused on, the chemical nature and yield of the others are compromised. Thus, one of the bottlenecks in biomass biorefining is harnessing the maximum value from all of the lignocellulosic components. Here, we describe a mild stepwise process in a flow-through setup leading to separate flow-out streams containing cinnamic acid derivatives, glucose, xylose, and lignin as the main components from different herbaceous sources. The proposed process shows that minimal degradation of the individual components and conservation of their natural structure are possible. Under optimized conditions, the following fractions are produced from wheat straw based on their respective contents in the feed by the ALkaline ACid ENzyme process: (i) 78% ferulic acid from a mild ALkali step, (ii) 51% monomeric xylose free of fermentation inhibitors by mild ACidic treatment, (iii) 82% glucose from ENzymatic degradation of cellulose, and (iv) 55% native-like lignin. The benefits of using the flow-through setup are demonstrated. The retention of the lignin aryl ether structure was confirmed by HSQC NMR, and this allowed monomers to form from hydrogenolysis. More importantly, the crude xylose-rich fraction was shown to be suitable for producing polyhydroxybutyrate bioplastics. The direct use of the xylose-rich fraction by means of the thermophilic bacteria Schlegelella thermodepolymerans matched 91% of the PHA produced with commercial pure xylose, achieving 138.6 mgPHA/gxylose. Overall, the ALACEN fractionation method allows for a holistic valorization of the principal components of herbaceous biomasses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salvador Bertran-Llorens
- Green
Chemical Reaction Engineering, Engineering and Technology Institute
Groningen (ENTEG), University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, Groningen 9747 AG, The Netherlands
| | - Wen Zhou
- Products
and Processes for Biotechnology, Engineering and Technology Institute
Groningen (ENTEG), Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, Groningen 9747 AG, The Netherlands
| | - Martín A. Palazzolo
- Green
Chemical Reaction Engineering, Engineering and Technology Institute
Groningen (ENTEG), University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, Groningen 9747 AG, The Netherlands
- Instituto
Interdisciplinario de Ciencias Básicas (ICB, UNCuyo-CONICET), Padre Jorge Contreras 1300, Mendoza 5500, Argentina
- Instituto
de Investigaciones en Tecnología Química (INTEQUI),
FQByF, Universidad Nacional de San Luis,
CONICET, Almirante Brown
1455, San Luis 5700, Argentina
| | - Dana l. Colpa
- Products
and Processes for Biotechnology, Engineering and Technology Institute
Groningen (ENTEG), Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, Groningen 9747 AG, The Netherlands
| | - Gert-Jan W. Euverink
- Products
and Processes for Biotechnology, Engineering and Technology Institute
Groningen (ENTEG), Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, Groningen 9747 AG, The Netherlands
| | - Janneke Krooneman
- Products
and Processes for Biotechnology, Engineering and Technology Institute
Groningen (ENTEG), Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, Groningen 9747 AG, The Netherlands
- Bioconversion
and Fermentation Technology, Research Centre Biobased Economy, Hanze University of Applied Sciences, Zernikeplein 11, Groningen 9747 AS, The Netherlands
| | - Peter J. Deuss
- Green
Chemical Reaction Engineering, Engineering and Technology Institute
Groningen (ENTEG), University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, Groningen 9747 AG, The Netherlands
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4
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Srivastava S, Dafale NA. Tailored microbial consortium producing hydrolytic enzyme cocktail for maximum saccharification of wheat straw. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2024; 399:130560. [PMID: 38460563 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2024.130560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Revised: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/11/2024]
Abstract
The potential of hydrolytic enzyme cocktail obtained from designed bacterial consortium WSh-1 comprising Bacillus subtilis CRN 16, Paenibacillus dendritiformis CRN 18, Niallia circulans CRN 24, Serratia marscens CRN 29, and Streptomyces sp. CRN 30, was investigated for maximum saccharification. Activity was further enhanced to 1.01 U/ml from 0.82 U/ml by supplementing growth medium with biotin and cellobiose as a cofactor and inducer. Through kinetic analysis, the enzyme cocktail showed a high wheat straw affinity with Michaelis-Menten constant (Km) of 0.68 µmol/L and a deconstruction rate (Vmax) of 4.5 U/ml/min. The statistical optimization of critical parameters increased saccharification to 89 %. The optimized process in a 5-L lab-scale bioreactor yielded 501 mg/g of reducing sugar from NaOH-pretreated wheat straw. Lastly, genomic insights revealed unique abundant oligosaccharide deconstruction enzymes with the most diverse CAZyme profile. The consortium-mediated enzyme cocktails offer broader versatility with efficiency for the economical and sustainable valorization of lignocellulosic waste.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shweta Srivastava
- Environmental Biotechnology and Genomics Division, CSIR-National Environmental Engineering Research Institute, Nagpur 440020, India; Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Nishant A Dafale
- Environmental Biotechnology and Genomics Division, CSIR-National Environmental Engineering Research Institute, Nagpur 440020, India; Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India.
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5
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Jin M, Wei X, Mu X, Ren W, Zhang S, Tang C, Cao W. Life-cycle analysis of biohydrogen production via dark-photo fermentation from wheat straw. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2024; 396:130429. [PMID: 38336214 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2024.130429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Revised: 02/04/2024] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
This study presents a life-cycle analysis using energy conversion characteristics as an evaluation index to assess the feasibility of this production method. The results indicate that for a system processing 1000 kg/h of wheat straw, the addition of 12000 kg/h of 2 wt% H2SO4 and 120 kg/h of CH3COONa yields 340,000 L/h of H2 and 348.6 kW of electricity. The energy conversion efficiency from the feedstock to the product is 21.4 %, while the efficiency from the hydrolysate to the product is 62.2 %. The total CO2 emission is 27.1 kg/h. Variations in the hydrolysate have the most significant impact on energy conversion efficiency. This study explores the feasibility of industrial-scale biohydrogen production via dark-photo fermentation from wheat straw and analyzes the energy characteristic indices and the sensitivity of these indices to key parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingjie Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xuan Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xuefang Mu
- State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, Shaanxi, China
| | - Weixi Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, Shaanxi, China
| | - Sihu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, Shaanxi, China
| | - Canfang Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, Shaanxi, China
| | - Wen Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, Shaanxi, China.
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6
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Zhu P, Niu D, Zhang S, Li C, Yin D, Zhi J, Zhang L, Jiang X, Ren J. Enhanced delignification and production of bioactive compounds in wheat straw by optimizing sterilization methods for Irpex lacteus fermentation. Food Chem 2024; 435:137570. [PMID: 37774616 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.137570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Revised: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/01/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to examine the effects of sterilization methods on the degradation ability and bioactive compound production of Irpex lacteus in wheat straw. Following 28 days of fermentation, the lignin content of samples autoclaved and pasteurized at pH 4.5 was reduced by 16.0 % - 21.7 % compared to pasteurized samples without pH adjustment, accompanied by a significant increase in sugar yield ranging from 83.30 % - 96.35 %. Autoclaved samples exhibited the lowest total phenol content and antioxidant activity (P < 0.05). Bacillus occupied an absolute advantage (89.1 %) in samples pasteurized at pH 4.5, whereas 10 bacterial genera exhibited abundances above 1 % in pasteurized samples without pH adjustment. Furthermore, 45.1 % - 47.2 % of the metabolites comprised lipids and lipid-like molecules, and some of them were improved by pasteurization at pH 4.5. Overall, pasteurization at acidic conditions is an effective sterilization method for the fungal conversion of wheat straw.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Zhu
- Changzhou Key Laboratory of Biomass Green, Safe & High Value Utilization Technology, Institute of Urban and Rural Mining, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, China; National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Biomass Refining and High-Quality Utilization, School of Petrochemical Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, China.
| | - Dongze Niu
- Changzhou Key Laboratory of Biomass Green, Safe & High Value Utilization Technology, Institute of Urban and Rural Mining, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, China; National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Biomass Refining and High-Quality Utilization, School of Petrochemical Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, China.
| | - Sainan Zhang
- Changzhou Key Laboratory of Biomass Green, Safe & High Value Utilization Technology, Institute of Urban and Rural Mining, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, China; National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Biomass Refining and High-Quality Utilization, School of Petrochemical Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, China.
| | - Chunyu Li
- Changzhou Key Laboratory of Biomass Green, Safe & High Value Utilization Technology, Institute of Urban and Rural Mining, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, China; National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Biomass Refining and High-Quality Utilization, School of Petrochemical Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, China.
| | - Dongmin Yin
- Changzhou Key Laboratory of Biomass Green, Safe & High Value Utilization Technology, Institute of Urban and Rural Mining, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, China; National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Biomass Refining and High-Quality Utilization, School of Petrochemical Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, China.
| | - Junqiang Zhi
- Beijing General Station of Animal Husbandry, No. 21 Chaoqian Road, Changping District, Beijing, 100101, China.
| | - Lili Zhang
- Beijing General Station of Animal Husbandry, No. 21 Chaoqian Road, Changping District, Beijing, 100101, China.
| | - Xingmei Jiang
- Bijie Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Degoumajiayuan Road, Qixingguan District, Bijie, 551700, China.
| | - Jianjun Ren
- Changzhou Key Laboratory of Biomass Green, Safe & High Value Utilization Technology, Institute of Urban and Rural Mining, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, China; National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Biomass Refining and High-Quality Utilization, School of Petrochemical Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, China.
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7
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Sharma N, Allardyce BJ, Rajkhowa R, Agrawal R. Rice straw-derived cellulose: a comparative study of various pre-treatment technologies and its conversion to nanofibres. Sci Rep 2023; 13:16327. [PMID: 37770522 PMCID: PMC10539515 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-43535-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Rice straw is a waste product generated after the harvesting of rice crops and is commonly disposed of by burning it off in open fields. This study explored the potential for the extraction and conversion of cellulose to cellulose nanofibres (CNFs) to be used as smart delivery systems for fertilizers applications. In this study, alkali, steam explosion, and organosolv treatments were investigated for cellulose extraction efficiency. The morphological characterization of cellulose showed smooth fibrillar structures. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy represented significant removal of non-cellulosic components in treatments. The crystallinity increased from 52.2 to 65% in CNFs after fibrillation. Cellulose nanofibres (CNFs) had an average diameter of 37.4 nm and - 25.2 mV surface charges as determined by SEM and zeta potential, respectively, which have desired properties for holding fertilizers. Therefore, this study paves the way for value-added uses of rice straw as alternatives to current environmentally harmful practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neha Sharma
- TERI Deakin Nanobiotechnology Centre, TERI Gram, Gual Pahari, Gurugram, India
- Institute for Frontier Materials, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
| | | | - Rangam Rajkhowa
- Institute for Frontier Materials, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
| | - Ruchi Agrawal
- TERI Deakin Nanobiotechnology Centre, TERI Gram, Gual Pahari, Gurugram, India.
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8
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Nawaz A, Aamir F, Huang R, Haq IU, Wu F, Munir M, Chaudhary R, Rafique A, Jiang K. Co-production of biohydrogen and biomethane utilizing halophytic biomass Atriplexcrassifolia by two-stage anaerobic fermentation process. Front Chem 2023; 11:1233494. [PMID: 37483269 PMCID: PMC10360132 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2023.1233494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023] Open
Abstract
The excessive use of fossil has resulted in the drastic exhaustion of natural energy sources, leading to environmental challenges and energy crises. Owing to rising energy demand there is a dire need to shift towards renewable energies from lignocellulosic biomass. The present study assessed the co-production of biohydrogen (H2) and biomethane (CH4) by utilizing a less explored halophyte Atriplexcrassifolia. Various reaction parameters were evaluated for their effect on biohydrogen and biomethane production in batch experiments. One parameter at a time experimental strategy was chosen for production optimization. Hydrogen and methane yields along with their production rates were assessed at different incubation times, temperatures, pH, substrate concentrations, and inoculum sizes in acidogenesis and methanogenesis stages, respectively. In the first stage, maximum cumulative hydrogen production of 66 ± 0.02 mL, with hydrogen yield of 13.2 ± 0.03 mL/g, and hydrogen production rate (HPR) of 1.37 ± 0.05 mL/h was attained when the reaction mixture (5 g Atriplexcrassifolia and 10 mL pretreated sewage sludge) was processed at 37°C and pH 5.5 after 48 h of incubation. While in the second stage, maximum cumulative methane production, i.e., 343 ± 0.12 mL, methane yield (MY) of 8.5 ± 0.07 mL/mL, and methane production rate (MPR) of 0.8 ± 0.05 mL/h was achieved after 18 days of incubation of reaction mixture (40 mL of hydrogenic slurry with 80 mL inoculum) at 45°C and pH 8. Furthermore, a 51% and 24% rise in biohydrogen and biomethane production respectively were recorded when the gases were produced at these optimized reaction conditions. The results ensure halophyte Atriplexcrassifolia as an imperative renewable energy resource and proposed that effective optimization of the process further increased the coproduction of biohydrogen and biomethane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Nawaz
- School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
- Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Government College University, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Farheen Aamir
- School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
| | - Rong Huang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ikram ul Haq
- Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Government College University, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Fangyu Wu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
| | - Marium Munir
- Food and Biotechnology Research Center, Pakistan Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Rida Chaudhary
- Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Government College University, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Ayesha Rafique
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Kankan Jiang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
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9
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Cruz Fabian DR, Durpekova S, Dusankova M, Cisar J, Drohsler P, Elich O, Borkova M, Cechmankova J, Sedlarik V. Renewable Poly(Lactic Acid)Lignocellulose Biocomposites for the Enhancement of the Water Retention Capacity of the Soil. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:polym15102243. [PMID: 37242817 DOI: 10.3390/polym15102243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
This manuscript details the preparation and characterization of a renewable biocomposite material intended as a soil conditioner based on low-molecular-weight poly(lactic acid) (PLA) and residual biomass (wheat straw and wood sawdust). The swelling properties and biodegradability of the PLA-lignocellulose composite under environmental conditions were evaluated as indicators of its potential for applications in soil. Its mechanical and structural properties were characterized by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Results showed that the incorporation of lignocellulose waste material into PLA increased the swelling ratio of the biocomposite by up to 300%. The application of the biocomposite of 2 wt% in soil enhanced its capacity for water retention by 10%. In addition, the cross-linked structure of the material proved to be capable of swelling and deswelling repeatedly, indicating its good reusability. Incorporating lignocellulose waste in the PLA enhanced its stability in the soil environment. After 50 days of the experiment, almost 50% of the sample had degraded in the soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dalila Rubicela Cruz Fabian
- Centre of Polymer Systems, University Institute, Tomas Bata University in Zlin, Tr. T. Bati 5678, 760 01 Zlin, Czech Republic
| | - Silvie Durpekova
- Centre of Polymer Systems, University Institute, Tomas Bata University in Zlin, Tr. T. Bati 5678, 760 01 Zlin, Czech Republic
| | - Miroslava Dusankova
- Centre of Polymer Systems, University Institute, Tomas Bata University in Zlin, Tr. T. Bati 5678, 760 01 Zlin, Czech Republic
| | - Jaroslav Cisar
- Centre of Polymer Systems, University Institute, Tomas Bata University in Zlin, Tr. T. Bati 5678, 760 01 Zlin, Czech Republic
| | - Petra Drohsler
- Centre of Polymer Systems, University Institute, Tomas Bata University in Zlin, Tr. T. Bati 5678, 760 01 Zlin, Czech Republic
| | - Ondrej Elich
- Dairy Research Institute, Ke Dvoru 12a, 160 00 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Marketa Borkova
- Dairy Research Institute, Ke Dvoru 12a, 160 00 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jarmila Cechmankova
- Research Institute for Soil and Water Conservation, Zabovreska 250, 15627 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Vladimir Sedlarik
- Centre of Polymer Systems, University Institute, Tomas Bata University in Zlin, Tr. T. Bati 5678, 760 01 Zlin, Czech Republic
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10
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Enhanced Enzymatic Hydrolysis of Wheat Straw to Improve Reducing Sugar Yield by Novel Method under Mild Conditions. Processes (Basel) 2023. [DOI: 10.3390/pr11030898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Wheat straw is a suitable source material for bioethanol production. Removing lignin and hemicellulose in wheat straw to improve enzymatic hydrolysis efficiency is essential because of its complex structure. Deep eutectic solvents (DESs) have become substitutes for ionic liquids (ILs), with the characteristics of good biocompatibility, simple synthesis procedure and low cost. However, the process of removing lignin and hemicellulose using present DESs requires a high operation temperature or long operation time. Therefore, we studied a novel method under mild conditions for screening a series of novel DESs based on an inorganic base to remove lignin and hemicellulose in wheat straw. In this work, the effect of DES type, the pH of the DESs, the operation temperature and operation time for enhancing enzymatic hydrolysis, and the crystal structure and the chemical structure and surface morphology of wheat straw were investigated. In particular, Na:EG exhibited the most excellent solubility for wheat straw under mild conditions, removing 80.6% lignin and 78.5% hemicellulose, while reserving 87.4% cellulose at 90 °C for 5 h, resulting in 81.6% reducing sugar produced during hydrolysis for 72 h. Furthermore, XRD, FT-IR and SEM analysis verified the lignin and hemicellulose removal. Hence, DESs based on an inorganic base used for removing lignin and hemicellulose will enhance enzymatic hydrolysis, and thus promote the industrial application of wheat straw to produce bioethanol.
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11
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Puițel AC, Suditu GD, Drăgoi EN, Danu M, Ailiesei GL, Balan CD, Chicet DL, Nechita MT. Optimization of Alkaline Extraction of Xylan-Based Hemicelluloses from Wheat Straws: Effects of Microwave, Ultrasound, and Freeze-Thaw Cycles. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:polym15041038. [PMID: 36850320 PMCID: PMC9963123 DOI: 10.3390/polym15041038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
The alkaline extraction of hemicelluloses from a mixture of three varieties of wheat straw (containing 40.1% cellulose, 20.23% xylan, and 26.2% hemicellulose) was analyzed considering the following complementary pre-treatments: freeze-thaw cycles, microwaves, and ultrasounds. The two cycles freeze-thaw approach was selected based on simplicity and energy savings for further analysis and optimization. Experiments planned with Design Expert were performed. The regression model determined through the response surface methodology based on the severity factor (defined as a function of time and temperature) and alkali concentration as variables was then used to optimize the process in a multi-objective case considering the possibility of further use for pulping. To show the properties and chemical structure of the separated hemicelluloses, several analytical methods were used: high-performance chromatography (HPLC), Fourier-transformed infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-NMR), thermogravimetry and derivative thermogravimetry analysis (TG, DTG), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The verified experimental optimization result indicated the possibility of obtaining hemicelluloses material containing 3.40% glucan, 85.51% xylan, and 7.89% arabinan. The association of hot alkaline extraction with two freeze-thaw cycles allows the partial preservation of the hemicellulose polymeric structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrian Cătălin Puițel
- “Cristofor Simionescu” Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection, “Gheorghe Asachi” Technical University, Bd. Prof. Dimitrie Mangeron, No. 73, 700050 Iaşi, Romania
| | - Gabriel Dan Suditu
- “Cristofor Simionescu” Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection, “Gheorghe Asachi” Technical University, Bd. Prof. Dimitrie Mangeron, No. 73, 700050 Iaşi, Romania
| | - Elena Niculina Drăgoi
- “Cristofor Simionescu” Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection, “Gheorghe Asachi” Technical University, Bd. Prof. Dimitrie Mangeron, No. 73, 700050 Iaşi, Romania
| | - Maricel Danu
- “Cristofor Simionescu” Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection, “Gheorghe Asachi” Technical University, Bd. Prof. Dimitrie Mangeron, No. 73, 700050 Iaşi, Romania
- “Petru Poni” Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, 41A Grigore Ghica Voda Alley, 700487 Iași, Romania
| | - Gabriela-Liliana Ailiesei
- “Petru Poni” Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, 41A Grigore Ghica Voda Alley, 700487 Iași, Romania
| | - Cătălin Dumitrel Balan
- “Cristofor Simionescu” Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection, “Gheorghe Asachi” Technical University, Bd. Prof. Dimitrie Mangeron, No. 73, 700050 Iaşi, Romania
| | - Daniela-Lucia Chicet
- Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, “Gheorghe Asachi” Technical University, Bd. Prof. Dimitrie Mangeron, No. 41, 700050 Iaşi, Romania
| | - Mircea Teodor Nechita
- “Cristofor Simionescu” Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection, “Gheorghe Asachi” Technical University, Bd. Prof. Dimitrie Mangeron, No. 73, 700050 Iaşi, Romania
- Correspondence:
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12
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Mikulski D, Kłosowski G. High-pressure microwave-assisted pretreatment of softwood, hardwood and non-wood biomass using different solvents in the production of cellulosic ethanol. BIOTECHNOLOGY FOR BIOFUELS AND BIOPRODUCTS 2023; 16:19. [PMID: 36750940 PMCID: PMC9906915 DOI: 10.1186/s13068-023-02272-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 01/29/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pretreatment is an indispensable stage of the preparation of lignocellulosic biomass with key significance for the effectiveness of hydrolysis and the efficiency of the production of cellulosic ethanol. A significant increase in the susceptibility of the raw material to further degradation can be attained as a result of effective delignification in high-pressure conditions. With this in mind, a method of high-pressure pretreatment using microwave radiation and various solvents (water, 40% w/v NaCS, 1% v/v H2SO4, 1% w/v NaOH or 60% v/v EtOH with an addition of 1% v/v H2SO4) was developed, enabling the acquisition of biomass with an increased susceptibility to the process of enzymatic hydrolysis. The medium obtained in this way can be used for the production of cellulosic ethanol via high-gravity technology (lignocellulosic media containing from 15 to 20% dry weight of biomass). For every type of biomass (pine chips, beech chips and wheat straw), a solvent was selected to be used during the pretreatment, guaranteeing the acquisition of a medium highly susceptible to the process of enzymatic hydrolysis. RESULTS The highest efficiency of the hydrolysis of biomass, amounting to 71.14 ± 0.97% (glucose concentration 109.26 ± 3.49 g/L) was achieved for wheat straw subjected to microwave-assisted pretreatment using 40% w/v NaCS. Fermentation of this medium produced ethanol concentration at the level of 53.84 ± 1.25 g/L. A slightly lower effectiveness of enzymatic hydrolysis (62.21 ± 0.62%) was achieved after high-pressure microwave-assisted pretreatment of beech chips using 1% w/v NaOH. The hydrolysate contained glucose in the concentration of 91.78 ± 1.91 g/L, and the acquired concentration of ethanol after fermentation amounted to 49.07 ± 2.06 g/L. In the case of pine chips, the most effective delignification was achieved using 60% v/v EtOH with the addition of 1% v/v H2SO4, but after enzymatic hydrolysis, the concentration of glucose in hydrolysate was lower than in the other raw materials and amounted to 39.15 ± 1.62 g/L (the concentration of ethanol after fermentation was ca. 19.67 ± 0.98 g/L). The presence of xylose and galactose was also determined in the obtained fermentation media. The highest initial concentration of these carbohydrates (21.39 ± 1.44 g/L) was observed in beech chips media after microwave-assisted pretreatment using NaOH. The use of wheat straw after pretreatment using EtOH with an addition of 1% v/v H2SO4 for the preparation of fermentation medium, results in the generation of the initial concentration of galactose and xylose at the level of 19.03 ± 0.38 g/L. CONCLUSION The achieved results indicate a high effectiveness of the enzymatic hydrolysis of the biomass subjected to high-pressure microwave-assisted pretreatment. The final effect depends on the combined use of correctly selected solvents for the different sources of lignocellulosic biomass. On the basis of the achieved results, we can say that the presented method indicates a very high potential in the area of its use for the production of cellulosic ethanol involving high-gravity technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dawid Mikulski
- grid.412085.a0000 0001 1013 6065Faculty of Natural Science, Department of Biotechnology, Kazimierz Wielki University, Ul. K. J. Poniatowskiego 12, 85-671 Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Grzegorz Kłosowski
- Faculty of Natural Science, Department of Biotechnology, Kazimierz Wielki University, Ul. K. J. Poniatowskiego 12, 85-671, Bydgoszcz, Poland.
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Ketsakhon P, Thammasittirong A, Thammasittirong SNR. Adding value to rice straw waste for high-level xylanase production using a new isolate of Bacillus altitudinis RS3025. Folia Microbiol (Praha) 2023; 68:87-99. [PMID: 35945409 DOI: 10.1007/s12223-022-00998-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
An investigation was carried out using rice straw as a low-cost substrate to study the optimization of xylanase production using a newly identified endospore-forming bacterium, Bacillus altitudinis RS3025. The highest xylanase activity was achieved using 2% rice straw (pretreated with 2% NaOH at 100 °C) at pH 7.0, 37 °C temperature, and with 72-h incubation time. Under the optimized conditions, xylanase activity reached 2518.51 U/mL, which was 11.56-fold higher than the activity under the initial conditions using untreated rice straw as substrate. Enzymatic hydrolysis of the rice straw using crude xylanase of B. altitudinis RS3025 demonstrated the hydrolyzation efficiency of the rice straw waste, especially alkaline rice straw. The highest level of released reducing sugars was 149.78 mg/g substrate. The study demonstrated the successful utilization of rice straw waste for high-level xylanase production using B. altitudinis RS3025 and reducing sugar production using low-cost crude enzyme, which has the advantages of reducing the processing cost and environmental concerns associated with rice straw waste management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Punpaporn Ketsakhon
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Liberal Arts and Science, Kasetsart University, Kamphaeng Saen Campus, Nakhon Pathom, 73140, Thailand
| | - Anon Thammasittirong
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Liberal Arts and Science, Kasetsart University, Kamphaeng Saen Campus, Nakhon Pathom, 73140, Thailand.,Microbial Biotechnology Unit, Faculty of Liberal Arts and Science, Kasetsart University, Kamphaeng Saen Campus, Nakhon Pathom, 73140, Thailand
| | - Sutticha Na-Ranong Thammasittirong
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Liberal Arts and Science, Kasetsart University, Kamphaeng Saen Campus, Nakhon Pathom, 73140, Thailand. .,Microbial Biotechnology Unit, Faculty of Liberal Arts and Science, Kasetsart University, Kamphaeng Saen Campus, Nakhon Pathom, 73140, Thailand.
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14
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Pan S, Wang G, Fan Y, Wang X, Liu J, Guo M, Chen H, Zhang S, Chen G. Enhancing the compost maturation of deer manure and corn straw by supplementation via black liquor. Heliyon 2023; 9:e13246. [PMID: 36755604 PMCID: PMC9900273 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e13246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Revised: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
In this paper, the relationship between black liquor and microbial growth, enzymatic secretion and humus formation in composting was studied. The results showed that black liquor inoculation is an effective way to promote fermentation process. After black liquor inoculation, the abundance of Corynebacterium, Aequorivita, and Pedobacter, which have the catalase and oxidase activity, has been significantly increased. The enzymatic activity of alkaline phosphatase, catalase, peroxidase and invertase was 40 mg/(g·24h), 6.5 mg/(g·20 min), 13 100 mg/(g·24h), and 6100 mg/(g·24h) respectively at day 18. Humic acid and fulvic acid concentration was 12 g/kg and 11 g/kg which is higher than that of the treatments of no black liquor inoculation. The results suggested that black liquor inoculation was beneficial to indigenous microorganisms reproduce efficiently, then the secretion of enzymes related to cellulose, hemicellulose, and lipid hydrolysis, and the formation of humic substances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shijun Pan
- College of Life Science, Jilin Agricultural University, Jilin, 130118, China
| | - Gang Wang
- College of Life Science, Jilin Agricultural University, Jilin, 130118, China
- Key Laboratory of Straw Comprehensive Utilization and Black Land Conservation, Education Ministry of China, Jilin Agricultural University, Jilin, 130118, China
| | - Yide Fan
- College of Life Science, Jilin Agricultural University, Jilin, 130118, China
| | - Xiqing Wang
- College of Food Science Technology and Chemical Engineering, Hubei University of Arts and Science, Hubei, 430000, China
| | - Juan Liu
- Sericultural Research Institute of Jilin Province, Jilin, China
| | | | - Huan Chen
- College of Life Science, Jilin Agricultural University, Jilin, 130118, China
| | - Sitong Zhang
- College of Life Science, Jilin Agricultural University, Jilin, 130118, China
| | - Guang Chen
- College of Life Science, Jilin Agricultural University, Jilin, 130118, China
- Key Laboratory of Straw Comprehensive Utilization and Black Land Conservation, Education Ministry of China, Jilin Agricultural University, Jilin, 130118, China
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15
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Hamid A, Zafar A, Latif S, Peng L, Wang Y, Liaqat I, Afzal MS, ul-Haq I, Aftab MN. Enzymatic hydrolysis of low temperature alkali pretreated wheat straw using immobilized β-xylanase nanoparticles. RSC Adv 2023; 13:1434-1445. [PMID: 36686938 PMCID: PMC9814908 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra07231a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
A low temperature alkali (LTA) pretreatment method was used to treat wheat straw. In order to obtain good results, different factors like temperature, incubation time, NaOH concentration and solid to liquid ratio for the pretreatment process were optimized. Wheat straw is a potential biomass for the production of monomeric sugars. The objective of the current study was to observe the saccharification (%) of wheat straw with immobilized magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs). For this purpose, immobilized MNPs of purified β-xylanase enzyme was used for hydrolysis of pretreated wheat straw. Wheat straw was pretreated using the LTA method and analyzed by SEM analysis. After completion of the saccharification process, saccharification% was calculated by using a DNS method. Scanning electron micrographs revealed that the hemicellulose, cellulose and lignin were partially removed and changes in the cell wall structure of the wheat straw had caused it to become deformed, increasing the specific surface area, so more fibers of the wheat straw were exposed to the immobilized β-xylanase enzyme after alkali pretreatment. The maximum saccharification potential of wheat straw was about 20.61% obtained after pretreatment with optimized conditions of 6% NaOH, 1/10 S/L, 30 °C and 72 hours. Our results indicate the reusability of the β-xylanase enzyme immobilized magnetic nanoparticles and showed a 15% residual activity after the 11th cycle. HPLC analysis of the enzyme-hydrolyzed filtrate also revealed the presence of sugars like xylose, arabinose, xylobiose, xylotriose and xylotetrose. The time duration of the pretreatment has an important effect on thermal energy consumption for the low-temperature alkali method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Attia Hamid
- Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Govt. College UniversityLahore 54000Pakistan+924299213341+923444704190
| | - Asma Zafar
- Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Central PunjabLahorePakistan
| | | | - Liangcai Peng
- Biomass and Bioenergy Research Center, Huazhong Agriculture UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Yanting Wang
- Biomass and Bioenergy Research Center, Huazhong Agriculture UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Iram Liaqat
- Microbiology Lab, Department of Zoology, Government College UniversityLahorePakistan
| | - Muhammad Sohail Afzal
- Department of Life Sciences, School of Science, University of Management and Technology (UMT)LahorePakistan
| | - Ikram ul-Haq
- Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Govt. College UniversityLahore 54000Pakistan+924299213341+923444704190
| | - Muhammad Nauman Aftab
- Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Govt. College UniversityLahore 54000Pakistan+924299213341+923444704190
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16
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Removal Ability of Bacillus licheniformis on Waxy Cuticle on Wheat Straw Surface. FERMENTATION-BASEL 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/fermentation8110636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The outermost surface of wheat straw (WS) is covered with hydrophobic lipophilic extracts and silica, which affects follow-up processes such as impregnation pretreatment of pulping and papermaking. In this study, a strain named Bacillus licheniformis (B. licheniformis) was screened from the black liquor of papermaking, which was used to explore the effect of its treatment on the waxy cuticle of WS. Scanning electron microscope-energy dispersive spectroscopy (SEM-EDS) showed that the B. licheniformis had a certain destructive effect on the outer surface of WS and the content of Si on the outer surface decreased by 80%. The results of FTIR and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) displayed that the wax composition on the outer surface of WS decreased and the fiber structure inside appeared. The mechanical properties of paper demonstrated that the treated WS is still feasible in this field and the content of Si in the black liquor is reduced by 33%. Therefore, the WS treated by B. licheniformis can destroy the waxy cuticle on its outer surface and improve the wettability of WS. It provides a new idea to alleviate the “Si interference” problem of alkali recovery in WS traditional pulping and papermaking.
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17
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Zhai R, Hu J, Jin M. Towards efficient enzymatic saccharification of pretreated lignocellulose: Enzyme inhibition by lignin-derived phenolics and recent trends in mitigation strategies. Biotechnol Adv 2022; 61:108044. [PMID: 36152893 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2022.108044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Revised: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Lignocellulosic biorefinery based on its sugar-platform has been considered as an efficient strategy to replace fossil fuel-based refinery. In the bioconversion process, pretreatment is an essential step to firstly open up lignocellulose cell wall structure and enhance the accessibility of carbohydrates to hydrolytic enzymes. However, various lignin and/or carbohydrates degradation products (e.g. phenolics, 5-hydroxymethylfurfural, furfural) also generated during pretreatment, which severely inhibit the following enzymatic hydrolysis and the downstream fermentation process. Among them, the lignin derived phenolics have been considered as the most inhibitory compounds and their inhibitory effects are highly dependent on the source of biomass and the type of pretreatment strategy. Although liquid-solid separation and subsequent washing can remove the lignin derived phenolics and other inhibitors, this is undesirable in the realistic industrial application where the whole slurry of pretreated biomass need to be directly used in the hydrolysis process. This review summarizes the phenolics formation mechanism for various commonly applied pretreatment methods and discusses the key factors that affect the inhibitory effect of phenolics on cellulose hydrolysis. In addition, the recent achievements on the rational design of inhibition mitigation strategies to boost cellulose hydrolysis for sugar-platform biorefinery are also introduced. This review also provides guidance for rational design detoxification strategies to facilitate whole slurry hydrolysis which helps to realize the industrialization of lignocellulose biorefinery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Zhai
- School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, 200 Xiaolingwei Street, Nanjing 210094, China
| | - Jianguang Hu
- Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, University of Calgary, Calgary T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - Mingjie Jin
- School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, 200 Xiaolingwei Street, Nanjing 210094, China.
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18
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Patel A, Divecha J, Shah A. A sustainable process for co-production of xylooligosaccharides and ethanol from alkali treated sugarcane bagasse: A strategy towards waste management. Prep Biochem Biotechnol 2022:1-11. [PMID: 36129679 DOI: 10.1080/10826068.2022.2119575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
Present study aims at sustainable utilization of sugarcane bagasse (SCB) for production of valuable prebiotic xylooligosaccharides (XOS) along with second generation ethanol. Fractionation of SCB into hemicellulose rich liquid fraction and cellulose rich solid residue was achieved using alkaline treatment. Carbohydrate rich precipitate obtained from liquid fraction was utilized for XOS production using inhouse produced endoxylanase. XOS production from SCB xylan was optimized by employing response surface methodology. Under optimized conditions, maximum XOS yield was 227.72 mg/g of carbohydrate rich precipitates. The solid residue obtained after alkaline pretreatment was used for ethanol fermentation by prehydrolysis and simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (P-SSF) process using cellulolytic enzyme cocktail and Saccharomyces cerevisiae SM1. Maximum ethanol concentration, productivity and yield were 79.76 ± 0.16 g/L, 0.83 g/L/h and 69.38%, respectively by employing P-SSF process. Based on the experimental data it can be predicted that bioconversion of 100 g raw SCB can yield 6.26 g of XOS (DP 2-DP 5), 15.95 g ethanol and 1.44 g of xylitol. Present investigation reports an integrated process for effective bioconversion of SCB into value added products by maximum utilization of cellulosic and hemicellulosic fractions simultaneously using indigenously produced fungal enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amisha Patel
- P. G. Department of Biosciences, Sardar Patel University, Anand, Gujarat, India
| | - Jyoti Divecha
- Department of Statistics, Sardar Patel University, Vallabh Vidyanagar, Gujarat, India
| | - Amita Shah
- P. G. Department of Biosciences, Sardar Patel University, Anand, Gujarat, India
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Radenkovs V, Juhnevica-Radenkova K, Jakovlevs D, Zikmanis P, Galina D, Valdovska A. The Release of Non-Extractable Ferulic Acid from Cereal By-Products by Enzyme-Assisted Hydrolysis for Possible Utilization in Green Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:3053. [PMID: 36080093 PMCID: PMC9458256 DOI: 10.3390/nano12173053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Revised: 08/28/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
The present work was undertaken to elucidate the potential contribution of biosynthetically produced ferulic acid (FA) via enzymatic hydrolysis (EH) of rye bran (RB) to the formation of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) during green synthesis. An analytical approach accomplished by multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) using triple quadrupole mass selective detection (HPLC-ESI-TQ-MS/MS) of the obtained hydrolysate revealed a relative abundance of two isomeric forms of FA, i.e., trans-FA (t-FA) and trans-iso-FA (t-iso-FA). Further analysis utilizing high-performance liquid chromatography with refractive index (HPLC-RID) detection confirmed the effectiveness of RB EH, indicating the presence of cellulose and hemicellulose degradation products in the hydrolysate, i.e., xylose, arabinose, and glucose. The purification process by solid-phase extraction with styrene-divinylbenzene-based reversed-phase sorbent ensured up to 116.02 and 126.21 mg g-1 of t-FA and t-iso-FA in the final eluate fraction, respectively. In the green synthesis of AgNPs using synthetic t-FA, the formation of NPs with an average size of 56.8 nm was confirmed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) techniques. The inclusion of polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP-40) in the composition of NPs during synthesis favorably affected the morphological features, i.e., the size and shape of AgNPs, in which as big as 22.4 nm NPs were engineered. Meanwhile, nearly homogeneous round-shaped AgNPs with an average size of 16.5 nm were engineered using biosynthetically produced a mixture of t-FA and t-iso-FA and PVP-40 as a capping agent. The antimicrobial activity of AgNPs against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, including Pseudomonas aeruginosa, E. coli, Enterococcus faecalis, Bacillus subtilis, and Staphylococcus aureus was confirmed by the disk diffusion method and additionally supported by values of minimum inhibitory (MIC) and bactericidal (MBC) concentrations. Given the need to reduce problems of environmental pollution with cereal processing by-products, this study demonstrated a technological solution of RB rational use in the sustainable production of AgNPs during green synthesis. The AgNPs can be considered as active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) to be used for developing new antimicrobial agents and modifying therapies in treating multi-drug resistant (MDR) pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vitalijs Radenkovs
- Processing and Biochemistry Department, Institute of Horticulture, LV-3701 Dobele, Latvia
- Research Laboratory of Biotechnology, Division of Smart Technologies, Latvia University of Life Sciences and Technologies, LV-3004 Jelgava, Latvia
| | | | - Dmitrijs Jakovlevs
- Research Laboratory of Biotechnology, Division of Smart Technologies, Latvia University of Life Sciences and Technologies, LV-3004 Jelgava, Latvia
| | - Peteris Zikmanis
- Processing and Biochemistry Department, Institute of Horticulture, LV-3701 Dobele, Latvia
| | - Daiga Galina
- Research Laboratory of Biotechnology, Division of Smart Technologies, Latvia University of Life Sciences and Technologies, LV-3004 Jelgava, Latvia
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Latvia University of Life Sciences and Technologies, LV-3004 Jelgava, Latvia
| | - Anda Valdovska
- Research Laboratory of Biotechnology, Division of Smart Technologies, Latvia University of Life Sciences and Technologies, LV-3004 Jelgava, Latvia
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Latvia University of Life Sciences and Technologies, LV-3004 Jelgava, Latvia
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Ghorbani M, Li Q, Kianmehr MH, Arabhosseini A, Sarlaki E, Asefpour Vakilian K, Varjani S, Wang Y, Wei D, Pan J, Aghbashlo M, Tabatabaei M. Highly digestible nitrogen-enriched straw upgraded by ozone-urea pretreatment: Digestibility metrics and energy-economic analysis. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2022; 360:127576. [PMID: 35792329 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2022.127576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Revised: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Ozone is a powerful oxidative gas widely used as a green pretreatment to enhance the delignification of cereal straws. Urea pretreatment can enrich straws with nitrogen to make them more accessible to anaerobic microorganisms. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of ozone-urea pretreatment on the digestibility of wheat straw (i.e., physicochemical, nitrogen enrichment, gas production, nutritional value, and surface chemistry). The results of ozone-urea pretreatment were compared with non-pretreated, ozone-pretreated, and urea-pretreated samples. This pretreatment method outperformed the other methods in terms of digestibility metrics. The ozone-urea pretreatment resulted in a 50% reduction in lignin, a 4.2 times increase in crude protein, a 22.5% increase in bonded organic-N, a 2 times increase in 24 h-gas production, and a 43.67% increase in total digestible nutrients compared to the non-pretreated sample. Based on the total digestible nutrients index, one-tonne ozone-urea-pretreated straw would be 70.6 USD cheaper than the non-pretreated one.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marzieh Ghorbani
- Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, PR China; Department of Agrotechnology, College of Aburaihan, University of Tehran, Pakdasht, Tehran, Iran
| | - Qiao Li
- Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, PR China
| | | | - Akbar Arabhosseini
- Department of Agrotechnology, College of Aburaihan, University of Tehran, Pakdasht, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ehsan Sarlaki
- Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, PR China; Department of Agrotechnology, College of Aburaihan, University of Tehran, Pakdasht, Tehran, Iran
| | - Keyvan Asefpour Vakilian
- Department of Biosystems Engineering, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Sunita Varjani
- Gujarat Pollution Control Board, Gandhinagar 382 010, Gujarat, India
| | - Yajing Wang
- Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, PR China
| | - Dan Wei
- Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, PR China
| | - Junting Pan
- Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, PR China.
| | - Mortaza Aghbashlo
- Department of Mechanical Engineering of Agricultural Machinery, Faculty of Agricultural Engineering and Technology, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran.
| | - Meisam Tabatabaei
- Higher Institution Centre of Excellence (HICoE), Institute of Tropical Aquaculture and Fisheries (AKUATROP), Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030 Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia; Biofuel Research Team (BRTeam), Terengganu, Malaysia.
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El-Sheekh MM, Bedaiwy MY, El-Nagar AA, Elgammal EW. Saccharification of pre-treated wheat straw via optimized enzymatic production using Aspergillus niger: Chemical analysis of lignocellulosic matrix. BIOCATAL BIOTRANSFOR 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/10242422.2022.2087511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Aya A. El-Nagar
- Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
| | - Eman W. Elgammal
- Chemistry of Natural and Microbial Products Department, National Research Center, Dokki, Giza, Egypt
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22
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Lignocellulose Extraction from Sisal Fiber and Its Use in Green Emulsions: A Novel Method. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14112299. [PMID: 35683971 PMCID: PMC9183001 DOI: 10.3390/polym14112299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2022] [Revised: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Regenerated lignocellulose nanofibrils (RLCNFs) have recently piqued the interest of researchers due to their widespread availability and ease of extraction. After dewaxing, we treated sisal fiber with alkali, followed by heating and agitation, to obtain RLCNFs, which were then vacuum oven-dried. We used a variety of characterization techniques, including XRD, SEM, and FT-IR, to assess the effects of the alkali treatment on the sisal fiber. Various characterizations demonstrate that lignocellulose fibrils have been successfully regenerated and contaminants have been removed. In addition, employing the RLCNFs as a stabilizer, stable Pickering emulsions were created. The effects of RLCNF concentration in the aqueous phase and water-to-oil volume ratio on stability were studied. The RLCNFs that have been produced show promise as a stabilizer in Pickering emulsions.
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Mathematical Model of a Thermophilic Anaerobic Digestion for Methane Production of Wheat Straw. Processes (Basel) 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/pr10040742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
This paper presents a newly created mathematical model of thermophilic anaerobic digestion of wheat straw carried out in a 2 dm3 bioreactor for methane production. Two batch processes, with 30 mL/dm3 and 35 mL/dm3 organic load, are carried out—one set for parameter identification and one set for model verification. The identification of model parameter values is based on dynamical experiments. It is fulfilled using two different techniques: deterministic sequential quadratic programming algorithm and metaheuristic genetic algorithm. Verification of the developed mathematical models is conducted based on the different data sets of the process. Both models predict the set of the experimental data for all considered process variables well. Genetic algorithm visually fits the data with a higher degree of accuracy, as confirmed by the numerical results for the objective function value.
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Malik WA, Javed S. Biochemical Characterization of Cellulase From Bacillus subtilis Strain and its Effect on Digestibility and Structural Modifications of Lignocellulose Rich Biomass. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 9:800265. [PMID: 34988069 PMCID: PMC8721162 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2021.800265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Accepted: 11/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Microbial cellulases have become the mainstream biocatalysts due to their complex nature and widespread industrial applications. The present study reports the partial purification and characterization of cellulase from Bacillus subtilis CD001 and its application in biomass saccharification. Out of four different substrates, carboxymethyl cellulose, when amended as fermentation substrate, induced the highest cellulase production from B. subtilis CD001. The optimum activity of CMCase, FPase, and amylase was 2.4 U/ml, 1.5 U/ml, and 1.45 U/ml, respectively. The enzyme was partially purified by (NH4)2SO4 precipitation and sequenced through LC-MS/MS. The cellulase was found to be approximately 55 kDa by SDS-PAGE and capable of hydrolyzing cellulose, as confirmed by zymogram analysis. The enzyme was assigned an accession number AOR98335.1 and displayed 46% sequence homology with 14 peptide-spectrum matches having 12 unique peptide sequences. Characterization of the enzyme revealed it to be an acidothermophilic cellulase, having an optimum activity at pH 5 and a temperature of 60°C. Kinetic analysis of partially purified enzyme showed the Km and Vmax values of 0.996 mM and 1.647 U/ml, respectively. The enzyme activity was accelerated by ZnSO4, MnSO4, and MgSO4, whereas inhibited significantly by EDTA and moderately by β-mercaptoethanol and urea. Further, characterization of the enzyme saccharified sugarcane bagasse, wheat straw, and filter paper by SEM, ATR-FTIR, and XRD revealed efficient hydrolysis and structural modifications of cellulosic materials, indicating the potential industrial application of the B. subtilis CD001 cellulase. The findings demonstrated the potential suitability of cellulase from B. subtilis CD001 for use in current mainstream biomass conversion into fuels and other industrial processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Waseem Ayoub Malik
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India
| | - Saleem Javed
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India
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25
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Conversion of Carbohydrates in Lignocellulosic Biomass after Chemical Pretreatment. ENERGIES 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/en15010254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the study was to determine the quantitative and qualitative changes taking place in biomass components actively participating in methane fermentation, i.e., in carbohydrates, as a result of chemical pretreatment. Analyses were conducted on agricultural waste (corn stover, also called corn straw, and corncobs) as materials most commonly used in methane fermentation, as well as poplar wood, a material relatively rarely used in biogas production. Pretreatment with the aim of increasing efficiency of methane fermentation was carried out with the use of acid and alkaline solutions of different concentrations. The effect of pretreatment on carbohydrates was analyzed based on the quantitative and qualitative changes in this component. Due to the structural heterogeneity of carbohydrates, their varied reactivity and fermentability were determined in terms of holocellulose, cellulose, and pentosans. The chemical structure of cellulose was also analyzed. It is shown in this study that chemical pretreatment causes transformations of carbohydrate components, which differ quantitatively and qualitatively in the compared raw materials. It was found that the alkaline treatment caused smaller changes in the percentage shares of the carbohydrate biomass components as compared to the acid treatment. Moreover, it was observed that the compared materials differ in terms of quantitative changes in their chemical composition depending on the composition of the raw material prior to pretreatment. In the case of corn waste subjected to the action of 1 and 3% NaOH, the share of pentosans in the biomass increased. It was established that this is a change with a positive effect on fermentation efficiency. The action of acids and alkalis on the biomass led to similar structural changes in cellulose, which are adverse for the fermentation process.
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Reducing Sugar Production from Teff Straw Biomass Using Dilute Sulfuric Acid Hydrolysis: Characterization and Optimization Using Response Surface Methodology. Int J Biomater 2021; 2021:2857764. [PMID: 34764995 PMCID: PMC8577925 DOI: 10.1155/2021/2857764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2021] [Revised: 09/20/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study evaluated first the characterization of Teff straw and then Box–Behnken design (BBD), and response surface methodology was adopted to optimize the parameters (hydrolysis temperature, dilute sulfuric acid concentration, solid to liquid ratio, and hydrolysis time) of dilute sulfuric acid hydrolysis of Teff straw in order to get a maximum yield of total reducing sugar (TRS). The chemical analysis of Teff straw revealed high amounts of cellulose (41.8 wt%), hemicellulose (38 wt%), and lignin (17 wt%). The morphological analysis using SEM showed that hydrolyzed Teff straw with dilute sulfuric acid has more pores and distorted bundles than those of raw Teff straw. XRD analysis also indicated that hydrolyzed Teff straw has higher crystallinity index and smaller crystallite size than raw Teff straw, which might be due to removal of hemicellulose, amorphous cellulose, and lignin components. Under the optimized conditions for dilute sulfuric acid hydrolysis of Teff straw (120°C, 4% v/v H2SO4 concentration, 1 : 20 solid to liquid ratio, and 55 min hydrolysis time), we have found a total reducing sugar yield of 26.65 mg/g. The results of validation experiment under the optimum conditions agreed well with model predictions.
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Kazeem MO, Uthman-Saheed L, Oke MA. Impact of pretreatment severity on fungal cellulase production on sugarcane bagasse substrate. JOURNAL OF TAIBAH UNIVERSITY FOR SCIENCE 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/16583655.2021.1981802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Muinat Olanike Kazeem
- Faculty of Life Sciences, Department of Microbiology, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria
| | - Lateefah Uthman-Saheed
- Faculty of Life Sciences, Department of Microbiology, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria
| | - Mushafau Adebayo Oke
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
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Optimization of the Biomethane Production Process by Anaerobic Digestion of Wheat Straw Using Chemical Pretreatments Coupled with Ultrasonic Disintegration. SUSTAINABILITY 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/su13137202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Biomass is an attractive energy source that can be used for production of heat, power, and transport fuels and when produced and used on a sustainable basis, can make a large contribution to reducing greenhouse gas emissions. Anaerobic digestion (AD) is a suitable technology for reducing organic matter and generating bioenergy in the form of biogas. This study investigated the factors allowing the optimization of the process of biogas production from the digestion of wheat straw (WS). The statistical analysis of the experiments carried out showed that ultrasonic processing plays a fundamental role with the sonication density and solids concentration leading to improved characteristics of WS, reducing particle size, and increasing concentration of soluble chemical oxygen demand. The higher the sonicating power used, the more the waste particles are disrupted. The optimality obtained under mesophilic conditions for WS pretreated with 4% w/w (weight by weight) H2O2 at temperature 36 °C under 10 min of ultrasonication at 24 kHz with a power of 200 W improves the methane yield by 64%.
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Dias M, Pinto J, Henriques B, Figueira P, Fabre E, Tavares D, Vale C, Pereira E. Nutshells as Efficient Biosorbents to Remove Cadmium, Lead, and Mercury from Contaminated Solutions. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:1580. [PMID: 33562399 PMCID: PMC7914985 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18041580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2020] [Revised: 02/02/2021] [Accepted: 02/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
The release of potentially toxic elements into the environment, and their effects on aquatic ecosystems still present a real threat. To avoid such contamination, the use of biological sorbents as an alternative to conventional and expensive water remediation techniques has been proposed. The present study evaluated the potential of 0.5 g L-1 of peanut, hazelnut, pistachio, walnut, and almond shells to remove the requisite concentrations of cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb), and mercury (Hg) from contaminated water. Hazelnut shells were identified as the sorbent with the highest potential and were evaluated in mono- and multi-contaminated mineral water. The influence of sorbent-intrinsic and solution-intrinsic characteristics were assessed. Differences among sorbents were attributed to varying percentages of their main components: cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin. Matrix complexity increase caused a decrease in Cd removal, presumably due to the diminution in electrostatic interaction, and complexation with anions such as Cl-. When simultaneously present in the solution, contaminants competed, with Pb showing higher affinity to the sorbent than Hg. High efficiencies (>90%) obtained for hazelnut shells for all elements in ultrapure water and for Pb and Hg in mineral water) reveals the high potential of this low-cost and abundant waste for use in the remediation of contaminated waters (circular economy).
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Dias
- Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; (M.D.); (E.F.); (D.T.)
| | - João Pinto
- LAQV-REQUIMTE & Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; (J.P.); (P.F.); (E.P.)
| | - Bruno Henriques
- LAQV-REQUIMTE & Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; (J.P.); (P.F.); (E.P.)
| | - Paula Figueira
- LAQV-REQUIMTE & Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; (J.P.); (P.F.); (E.P.)
- CIIMAR–Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal;
| | - Elaine Fabre
- Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; (M.D.); (E.F.); (D.T.)
| | - Daniela Tavares
- Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; (M.D.); (E.F.); (D.T.)
| | - Carlos Vale
- CIIMAR–Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal;
| | - Eduarda Pereira
- LAQV-REQUIMTE & Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; (J.P.); (P.F.); (E.P.)
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30
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Abdulsattar MO, Abdulsattar JO, Greenway GM, Welham KJ, Zein SH. Optimization of pH as a strategy to improve enzymatic saccharification of wheat straw for enhancing bioethanol production. J Anal Sci Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1186/s40543-020-00217-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractIn this work, wheat straw (WS) was used as a lignocellulosic substrate to investigate the influence of pH on enzymatic saccharification. The optimum enzymatic hydrolysis occurred at pH range 5.8–6.0, instead of 4.8–5.0 as has been widely reported in research. Two enzymes cocktails, Celluclast® 1.5 L with Novozymes 188, Cellic® CTec2 and endo-1,4-β-xylanase, were used for the pH investigation over a pH range of 3.0–7.0. The highest concentration of total reduced sugar was found at pH 6.0 for all the different enzymes used in this study. The total reduced sugar produced from the enzymatic saccharification at pH 6.0 was found to be 7.0, 7.4, and 10.8 (g L−1) for Celluclast® 1.5 L with Novozymes 188, endo-1,4-β-xylanase and Cellic® CTec2, respectively. By increasing the pH from 4.8 to 6.0, the total reduced sugar yield increased by 25% for Celluclast® 1.5 L with Novozymes 188 and endo-1 4-β-xylanase and 21% for Cellic® CTec2. The results from this study indicate that WS hydrolysis can be improved significantly by elevating the pH at which the reaction occurs to the range of 5.8 to 6.0.
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Production of Cellulosic Ethanol from Enzymatically Hydrolysed Wheat Straws. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/app10217638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study is to find the optimal pretreatment conditions and hydrolysis in order to obtain a high yield of bioethanol from wheat straw. The pretreatments were performed with different concentrations of sulphuric acid 1, 2 and 3% (v/v), and were followed by an enzymatic hydrolysis that was performed by varying the solid-to-liquid ratio (1/20, 1/25 and 1/30 g/mL) and the enzyme dose (30/30 µL/g, 60/60 µL/g and 90/90 µL/g Viscozyme® L/Celluclast® 1.5 L). This mix of enzymes was used for the first time in the hydrolysis process of wheat straws which was previously pretreated with dilute sulfuric acid. Scanning electron microscopy indicated significant differences in the structural composition of the samples because of the pretreatment with H2SO4 at different concentrations, and ATR-FTIR analysis highlighted the changes in the chemical composition in the pretreated wheat straw as compared to the untreated one. HPLC-RID was used to identify and quantify the carbohydrates content resulted from enzymatic hydrolysis to evaluate the potential of using wheat straws as a raw material for production of cellulosic ethanol in Romania. The highest degradation of lignocellulosic material was obtained in the case of pretreatment with 3% H2SO4 (v/v), a solid-to-liquid ratio of 1/30 and an enzyme dose of 90/90 µL/g. Simultaneous saccharification and fermentation were performed using Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast, and for monitoring the fermentation process a BlueSens equipment was used provided with ethanol, O2 and CO2 cap sensors mounted on the fermentation flasks. The highest concentration of bioethanol was obtained after 48 h of fermentation and it reached 1.20% (v/v).
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Gullón P, Gullón B, Muñiz-Mouro A, Lú-Chau TA, Eibes G. Valorization of horse chestnut burs to produce simultaneously valuable compounds under a green integrated biorefinery approach. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 730:139143. [PMID: 32417529 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.139143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2020] [Revised: 04/28/2020] [Accepted: 04/29/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
A biorefinery scheme for the valorization of horse chestnut biowastes (a municipal solid waste) into added value bioactive compounds is proposed in this work. The bur fraction of horse chestnut was evaluated as a novel and cheap renewable feedstock to obtain valuable compounds suitable for their use in industrial applications. The integrated valorization scheme comprised an initial hydroethanolic extraction of antioxidant compounds (optimized through surface response methodology), the alkaline delignification of the exhausted solid to obtain a lignin-enriched fraction, and the enzymatic digestibility of the remaining cellulose fraction to produce fermentable sugars. In addition, the structural characterization of the extract by FT-IR and TGA was performed, and the analysis by UPLC-DAD-ESI-MS allowed the tentative identification of eleven antioxidant phenolic compounds. The application of this multiproduct valorization approach led to the production of 13 kg antioxidant extracted compounds, 33.2 kg lignin and 14.5 kg glucose per each 100 kg of horse chestnut burs, which demonstrates the great potential of this residue as a biorefinery substrate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Gullón
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Technology of Marine Products (MICROTEC), Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas (IIM-CSIC), Eduardo Cabello, 6, 36208 Vigo, Pontevedra, Spain.
| | - Beatriz Gullón
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Science, University of Vigo (Campus Ourense), As Lagoas, 32004 Ourense, Spain.
| | - Abel Muñiz-Mouro
- CRETUS Institute, Department of Chemical Engineering, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Thelmo A Lú-Chau
- CRETUS Institute, Department of Chemical Engineering, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Gemma Eibes
- CRETUS Institute, Department of Chemical Engineering, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
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Co-Ensiling of Wheat Straw as an Alternative Pre-Treatment to Chemical, Hydrothermal and Mechanical Methods for Methane Production. ENERGIES 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/en13164047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Wheat straw without pre-treatment is only converted to methane to a low degree during anaerobic digestion for fuel production due to its low hydrolysis. Current pre-treatment technologies are challenged by high expenses to energy or chemical agents. We examined the low-tech co-ensiling pre-treatment as an alternative pre-treatment of wheat straw, and compared the results with hydrothermal, chemical and mechanical pre-treatment methods. The effects of co-ensiling duration and the mixing ratio between straw and sugar beet root on the methane yields, surface morphology and chemical composition were examined. It was found that co-ensiling could improve production of methane by 34.7%, while a combined hydrothermal and chemical pre-treatment could increase the production of methane by 25.4%. The study demonstrated that the effect of co-ensiling could overlap with hydrothermal and chemical pre-treatment by having similar effects to increase lignocellulosic hydrolysis and improve methane production.
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Saratale RG, Cho SK, Ghodake GS, Shin HS, Saratale GD, Park Y, Lee HS, Bharagava RN, Kim DS. Utilization of Noxious Weed Water Hyacinth Biomass as a Potential Feedstock for Biopolymers Production: A Novel Approach. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:polym12081704. [PMID: 32751380 PMCID: PMC7464782 DOI: 10.3390/polym12081704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Revised: 07/25/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aims to utilize a noxious weed water hyacinth biomass (WH) for polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) production. Alkaline and peracetic acid pretreatment was employed for the hydrolysis of WH and consequently enzymatic saccharification to produce fermentable sugars for PHB production. The pretreatment competence was determined using various operational parameters. By applying ambient conditions, alkaline pretreatment gave higher lignin removal of 65.0%, with 80.8% hydrolysis yield, and on enzyme hydrolysis (40 FPU/g of dry WH), produced total reducing sugar of about 523 mg/g of WH. The resulted WH enzymatic hydolysates were evaluated for the production of PHB by Ralstonia eutropha (ATCC 17699). The WH hydrolysates cultivation was compared to synthetic hydrolysates that contain a similar carbon composition in terms of bacterial growth and PHB synthesis. The effects of various supplements to enhance PHB production were estimated. Supplementation of corn steep liquor (CSL) as a cheap nitrogen source with WH hydrolysates favored a higher amount of PHB synthesis (73%), PHB titer of 7.30 g/L and PHB yield of 0.429 g/g of reducing sugar. Finally, using standard analytical tools, the physical and thermal characteristics of the extracted PHB were evaluated. The findings revealed WH was a promising and technically feasible option for transforming biomass into sustainable biopolymer conversion on a large scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rijuta Ganesh Saratale
- Research Institute of Biotechnology and Medical Converged Science, Dongguk University-Seoul, Ilsandong-gu, Goyang-si, Gyeonggido 10326, Korea;
| | - Si-Kyung Cho
- Department of Biological and Environmental Science, Dongguk University, Ilsandong-gu, Goyang-si, Gyonggido 10326, Korea; (S.-K.C.); (G.S.G.)
| | - Gajanan S. Ghodake
- Department of Biological and Environmental Science, Dongguk University, Ilsandong-gu, Goyang-si, Gyonggido 10326, Korea; (S.-K.C.); (G.S.G.)
| | - Han-Seung Shin
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Dongguk University-Seoul, Ilsandong-gu, Goyang-si, Gyeonggido 10326, Korea; (H.-S.S.); (Y.P.)
| | - Ganesh Dattatraya Saratale
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Dongguk University-Seoul, Ilsandong-gu, Goyang-si, Gyeonggido 10326, Korea; (H.-S.S.); (Y.P.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Yooheon Park
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Dongguk University-Seoul, Ilsandong-gu, Goyang-si, Gyeonggido 10326, Korea; (H.-S.S.); (Y.P.)
| | - Hee-Seok Lee
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong 17546, Korea;
| | - Ram Naresh Bharagava
- Department of Microbiology, School for Environmental Sciences Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Vidya Vihar, Uttar Pradesh 226025, India;
| | - Dong-Su Kim
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 120-750, Korea;
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Ramaiah SK, Thimappa GS, Nataraj LK, Dasgupta P. Optimization of oxalic acid pre-treatment and enzymatic saccharification in Typha latifolia for production of reducing sugar. J Genet Eng Biotechnol 2020; 18:28. [PMID: 32648065 PMCID: PMC7347720 DOI: 10.1186/s43141-020-00042-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2020] [Accepted: 06/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Background Plants with high biomass can be manipulated for their reducing sugar content which ultimately upon fermentation produces ethanol. This concept was used to enhance the production of reducing sugar from cattail (Typha latifolia) by oxalic acid (OAA) pre-treatment followed by enzymatic saccharification. Result The optimum condition of total reducing sugar released from OAA pre-treatment was found to be 22.32 mg/ml (OAA—1.2%; substrate concentration (SC)—6%; reaction time (RT)—20 min) using one variable at a time (OVAT). Enzymatic saccharification yielded 45.21 mg/ml of reducing sugar (substrate concentration (SC)—2.4%; enzymatic dosage—50 IU/g; pH 7.0; temp—50 °C) using response surface methodology (RSM). Conclusion We conclude that Typha can be used as a potential substrate for large-scale biofuel production, employing economical bioprocessing strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunil Kodishetty Ramaiah
- Bioenergy Lab, Department of Biotechnology, Bangalore University, Bengaluru, Karnataka, 560056, India
| | | | | | - Proteek Dasgupta
- Department of Zoology, Bangalore University, Bengaluru, Karnataka, 560056, India
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Zhang J, Wang L, Chen H. Effect of periodic high-frequency vibration with rigid spheres added on high solids enzymatic hydrolysis of steam-exploded corn straw. Process Biochem 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2020.04.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Novel Single-step Pretreatment of Steam Explosion and Choline Chloride to De-lignify Corn Stover for Enhancing Enzymatic Edibility. Process Biochem 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2020.04.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Hu S, Meng F, Huang D, Huang J, Lou W. Hydrolysis of corn stover pretreated by DESs with carbon-based solid acid catalyst. SN APPLIED SCIENCES 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s42452-020-3022-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
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Sewsynker-Sukai Y, Naomi David A, Gueguim Kana EB. Recent developments in the application of kraft pulping alkaline chemicals for lignocellulosic pretreatment: Potential beneficiation of green liquor dregs waste. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2020; 306:123225. [PMID: 32241680 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2020.123225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2020] [Revised: 03/16/2020] [Accepted: 03/17/2020] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Lignocellulosic waste has offered a cost-effective and food security-wise substrate for the generation of biofuels and value-added products. However, its recalcitrant properties necessitate pretreatment. Of the various pretreatment methods, alkaline techniques have gained prominence as efficient catalysts. The kraft pulping industry represents a major hub for the generation of white, black and green liquor alkaline solutions during the paper making process. Despite its well-known significance in the kraft pulping process, green liquor (GL) has been widely applied for lignocellulosic pretreatment. Recently, green liquor dregs (GLD), an alkaline waste generated from the kraft pulping industry has piqued interest. Therefore, this review outlines the general flow of the kraft pulping process and the alkaline chemicals derived. In addition, the extensively studied GL for lignocellulosic pretreatment is discussed. Subsequently, the potential beneficiation of GLD for lignocellulosic pretreatment is presented. Furthermore, the challenges and prospects of lignocellulosic pretreatments are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeshona Sewsynker-Sukai
- University of KwaZulu-Natal, School of Life Sciences, Pietermaritzburg, South Africa; SMRI/NRF SARChI Research Chair in Sugarcane Biorefining, Discipline of Chemical Engineering, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa.
| | - Anthea Naomi David
- University of KwaZulu-Natal, School of Life Sciences, Pietermaritzburg, South Africa
| | - E B Gueguim Kana
- University of KwaZulu-Natal, School of Life Sciences, Pietermaritzburg, South Africa
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Patel M, Patel HM, Dave S. Determination of bioethanol production potential from lignocellulosic biomass using novel Cel-5m isolated from cow rumen metagenome. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 153:1099-1106. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.10.240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2019] [Revised: 10/13/2019] [Accepted: 10/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Evaluation of Hydrothermal Pretreatment on Lignocellulose-Based Waste Furniture Boards for Enzymatic Hydrolysis. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2020; 192:415-431. [PMID: 32394318 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-020-03315-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2020] [Accepted: 04/23/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Three typical waste furniture boards, including fiberboard, chipboard, and blockboard, were pretreated with conventional hydrothermal method. The responses of chemical composition, physicochemical morphology, and performances of enzymatic hydrolysis were evaluated. Results indicated the almost complete hemicellulose removal at higher pretreatment temperatures, the enhanced crystallinity index, and disordered morphology of the pretreated substrates indicated that the hydrothermal pretreatment deconstructed these boards well. However, the very low enzymatic hydrolysis (< 8% after 72 h) of the pretreated substrates showed the poor biological conversion. Three hypotheses for the weakened enzymatic hydrolysis were investigated, and results indicated that the residual adhesives and their degraded fractions were mainly responsible for poor hydrolysis. When NaOH post-pretreatment was attempted, cellulose-glucose conversion of the hydrothermally pretreated fiberboard, chipboard and blockboard can be improved to 28.5%, 24.1%, and 37.5%. Herein, the process of NaOH hydrothermal pretreatment was integrated, by which the hydrolysis of pretreated fiberboard, chipboard and blockboard was greatly promoted to 47.1%, 37.3%, and 53.8%, suggesting a possible way to pretreat these unconventional recalcitrant biomasses.
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Ashoor S, Sukumaran RK. Mild alkaline pretreatment can achieve high hydrolytic and fermentation efficiencies for rice straw conversion to bioethanol. Prep Biochem Biotechnol 2020; 50:814-819. [PMID: 32204649 DOI: 10.1080/10826068.2020.1744007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Mild alkaline pretreatment was evaluated as a strategy for effective lignin removal and hydrolysis of rice straw. The pretreatment efficiency of different NaOH concentrations (0.5, 1.0, 1.5 or 2.0% w/w) was assessed. Rice straw (RS) pretreated with 1.5% NaOH achieved better sugar yield compared to other concentrations used. A cellulose conversion efficiency of 91% (45.84 mg/ml glucose release) was attained from 1.5% NaOH pretreated rice straw (PRS), whereas 1% NaOH pretreated rice straw yielded 35.10 mg/ml of glucose corresponding to a cellulose conversion efficiency of 73.81%. The ethanol production from 1% and 1.5% NaOH pretreated RS hydrolysates was similar at ∼3.3% (w/v), corresponding to a fermentation efficiency of 86%. The non-detoxified hydrolysate was fermented using the novel yeast strain Saccharomyces cerevisiae RPP-03O without any additional supplementation of nutrients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Selim Ashoor
- Department of Agricultural Microbiology, Faculty of Agriculture, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Rajeev K Sukumaran
- Biofuels and Biorefineries Section, Microbial Processes and Technology Division, CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology, Thiruvananthapuram, India
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Domański J, Marchut-Mikołajczyk O, Cieciura-Włoch W, Patelski P, Dziekońska-Kubczak U, Januszewicz B, Zhang B, Dziugan P. Production of Methane, Hydrogen and Ethanol from Secale cereale L. Straw Pretreated with Sulfuric Acid. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25041013. [PMID: 32102411 PMCID: PMC7070859 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25041013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2020] [Revised: 02/16/2020] [Accepted: 02/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The study describes sulfuric acid pretreatment of straw from Secale cereale L. (rye straw) to evaluate the effect of acid concentration and treatment time on the efficiency of biofuel production. The highest ethanol yield occurred after the enzyme treatment at a dose of 15 filter paper unit (FPU) per gram of rye straw (subjected to chemical hydrolysis with 2% sulfuric acid (SA) at 121 °C for 1 h) during 120 h. Anaerobic digestion of rye straw treated with 10% SA at 121 °C during 1 h allowed to obtain 347.42 L methane/kg volatile solids (VS). Most hydrogen was released during dark fermentation of rye straw after pretreatment of 2% SA, 121 °C, 1 h and 1% SA, 121 °C, 2 h—131.99 and 134.71 L hydrogen/kg VS, respectively. If the rye straw produced in the European Union were processed into methane, hydrogen, ethanol, the annual electricity production in 2018 could reach 9.87 TWh (terawatt-hours), 1.16 TWh, and 0.60 TWh, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jarosław Domański
- Department of Environmental Biotechnology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Lodz University of Technology, 90-924 Lodz, Poland; (W.C.-W.); (P.D.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-42-631-34-84
| | - Olga Marchut-Mikołajczyk
- Institute of Molecular and Industrial Biotechnology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Lodz University of Technology, 90-924 Lodz, Poland;
| | - Weronika Cieciura-Włoch
- Department of Environmental Biotechnology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Lodz University of Technology, 90-924 Lodz, Poland; (W.C.-W.); (P.D.)
| | - Piotr Patelski
- Institute of Fermentation Technology and Microbiology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Lodz University of Technology, 90-924 Lodz, Poland; (P.P.); (U.D.-K.)
| | - Urszula Dziekońska-Kubczak
- Institute of Fermentation Technology and Microbiology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Lodz University of Technology, 90-924 Lodz, Poland; (P.P.); (U.D.-K.)
| | - Bartłomiej Januszewicz
- Institute of Material Science and Engineering, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Lodz University of Technology, 90-924 Lodz, Poland;
| | - Bolin Zhang
- College of Biological Science and Biotechnology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China;
| | - Piotr Dziugan
- Department of Environmental Biotechnology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Lodz University of Technology, 90-924 Lodz, Poland; (W.C.-W.); (P.D.)
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Kontogianni N, Barampouti EM, Mai S, Malamis D, Loizidou M. Effect of alkaline pretreatments on the enzymatic hydrolysis of wheat straw. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 26:35648-35656. [PMID: 31792789 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-06822-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2019] [Accepted: 10/18/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Lignocellulosic materials are mainly consisted of lignin, cellulose, and hemicellulose. Lignin is recognized as the main obstacle for the enzymatic saccharification of cellulose towards the fermentable sugars' production. Hence, the removal of lignin from the lignocellulosic feedstock is beneficial for reducing the recalcitrance of lignocellulose for enzymatic attack. For this purpose, various different alkaline pretreatments were examined in order to study their effect on the enzymatic saccharification of wheat straw, as a typical lignocellulosic material. Results revealed that the alkaline pretreatments promoted delignification reactions. Regarding the removal of lignin, the most efficient pretreatments were alkaline treatment with hydrogen peroxide 10% and NaOH 2% autoclave with delignification efficiencies of 89.60% and 84.86% respectively. X-ray diffraction analysis was performed to enlighten the structural changes of raw and pretreated materials. The higher the delignification of the raw material, the higher the conversion of cellulose during enzymatic saccharification. In all cases after enzymatic saccharification, the cellulosic conversion was much higher (32-77%) than the untreated wheat straw (8.6%). After undergoing alkaline peroxide 10% pretreatment and cellulase treatment, 99% of the initial raw straw was eventually solubilized. Thus, wheat straw could be considered as an ideal material for the production of glucose with proper pretreatments and effective enzymatic hydrolysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikoleta Kontogianni
- School of Chemical Engineering, Unit of Environmental Science & Technology, National Technical University of Athens, 9 Iroon Polytechniou Str., Zographou Campus, GR-15780, Athens, Greece
| | - Elli Maria Barampouti
- School of Chemical Engineering, Unit of Environmental Science & Technology, National Technical University of Athens, 9 Iroon Polytechniou Str., Zographou Campus, GR-15780, Athens, Greece
| | - Sofia Mai
- School of Chemical Engineering, Unit of Environmental Science & Technology, National Technical University of Athens, 9 Iroon Polytechniou Str., Zographou Campus, GR-15780, Athens, Greece
| | - Dimitris Malamis
- School of Chemical Engineering, Unit of Environmental Science & Technology, National Technical University of Athens, 9 Iroon Polytechniou Str., Zographou Campus, GR-15780, Athens, Greece
| | - Maria Loizidou
- School of Chemical Engineering, Unit of Environmental Science & Technology, National Technical University of Athens, 9 Iroon Polytechniou Str., Zographou Campus, GR-15780, Athens, Greece.
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Thite VS, Nerurkar AS. Valorization of sugarcane bagasse by chemical pretreatment and enzyme mediated deconstruction. Sci Rep 2019; 9:15904. [PMID: 31685856 PMCID: PMC6828687 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-52347-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2019] [Accepted: 10/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
After chemical pretreatment, improved amenability of agrowaste biomass for enzymatic saccharification needs an understanding of the effect exerted by pretreatments on biomass for enzymatic deconstruction. In present studies, NaOH, NH4OH and H2SO4 pretreatments effectively changed visible morphology imparting distinct fibrous appearance to sugarcane bagasse (SCB). Filtrate analysis after NaOH, NH4OH and H2SO4 pretreatments yielded release of soluble reducing sugars (SRS) in range of ~0.17–0.44%, ~0.38–0.75% and ~2.9–8.4% respectively. Gravimetric analysis of pretreated SCB (PSCB) biomass also revealed dry weight loss in range of ~25.8–44.8%, ~11.1–16.0% and ~28.3–38.0% by the three pretreatments in the same order. Release of soluble components other than SRS, majorly reported to be soluble lignins, were observed highest for NaOH followed by H2SO4 and NH4OH pretreatments. Decrease or absence of peaks attributed to lignin and loosened fibrous appearance of biomass during FTIR and SEM studies respectively further corroborated with our observations of lignin removal. Application of commercial cellulase increased raw SCB saccharification from 1.93% to 38.84%, 25.56% and 9.61% after NaOH, H2SO4 and NH4OH pretreatments. Structural changes brought by cell wall degrading enzymes were first time shown visually confirming the cell wall disintegration under brightfield, darkfield and fluorescence microscopy. The microscopic evidence and saccharification results proved that the chemical treatment valorized the SCB by making it amenable for enzymatic saccharification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vihang S Thite
- Department of Microbiology and Biotechnology Centre, Faculty of Science, The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda, Vadodara, Gujarat, 390002, India.
| | - Anuradha S Nerurkar
- Department of Microbiology and Biotechnology Centre, Faculty of Science, The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda, Vadodara, Gujarat, 390002, India.
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Majumdar S, Goswami B, Chakraborty A, Bhattacharyya DK, Bhowal J. Effect of pretreatment with organic solvent on enzymatic digestibility of cauliflower wastes. Prep Biochem Biotechnol 2019; 49:935-948. [PMID: 31407947 DOI: 10.1080/10826068.2019.1650374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
The present study investigated the operational conditions for different pretreatment approaches and subsequent enzymatic hydrolysis of cauliflower wastes (stalk and leaf) for better release of fermentable sugars. The structural analysis of raw and pretreated lignocellulosic biomasses was investigated using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and Fourier transforms infrared (FTIR) analysis. Results demonstrated that the highest cellulose conversion rate and removal of most of the hemicellulose and lignin were obtained with organosolvent pretreatment. Using methanol in presence of sodium (Na) acetate was most effective in delignification of cauliflower wastes. In the present study, methanol (100% v/v) in presence of 0.1 M Na-acetate at 121 °C for 45 and 60 min for stalk and leaf, respectively, gave maximum reducing sugar yield. Response surface methodology was used to optimize different process parameters for enzymatic saccharification using microbial cellulase and xylanase. The optimum operation condition of enzymatic hydrolysis of organosolvent pretreated cauliflower wastes were substrate loading (2.5% w/v for both stalk and leaf), enzyme loading (15 and 10 U/g for stalk and leaf, respectively), pH (4.46 and 5.48 for stalk and leaf, respectively), at 60 °C and for 180 min.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sayari Majumdar
- School of Community Science and Technology, Indian Institute of Engineering Science and Technology , Shibpur , India
| | - Bhaswati Goswami
- School of Community Science and Technology, Indian Institute of Engineering Science and Technology , Shibpur , India
| | - Ankita Chakraborty
- School of Community Science and Technology, Indian Institute of Engineering Science and Technology , Shibpur , India
| | - D K Bhattacharyya
- School of Community Science and Technology, Indian Institute of Engineering Science and Technology , Shibpur , India
| | - Jayati Bhowal
- School of Community Science and Technology, Indian Institute of Engineering Science and Technology , Shibpur , India
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Kumar V, Patel SKS, Gupta RK, Otari SV, Gao H, Lee J, Zhang L. Enhanced Saccharification and Fermentation of Rice Straw by Reducing the Concentration of Phenolic Compounds Using an Immobilized Enzyme Cocktail. Biotechnol J 2019; 14:e1800468. [DOI: 10.1002/biot.201800468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2018] [Revised: 02/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Virendra Kumar
- Key Laboratory of Biopesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Gutian Edible Fungi Research InstituteFujian Agriculture and Forestry University Fuzhou Fujian Province 350002 P. R. China
- Department of Chemical EngineeringKonkuk UniversitySeoul 05029 South Korea
| | - Sanjay K. S. Patel
- Department of Chemical EngineeringKonkuk UniversitySeoul 05029 South Korea
| | - Rahul K. Gupta
- Department of Chemical EngineeringKonkuk UniversitySeoul 05029 South Korea
| | - Sachin V. Otari
- Department of Chemical EngineeringKonkuk UniversitySeoul 05029 South Korea
| | - Hui Gao
- Department of Chemical EngineeringKonkuk UniversitySeoul 05029 South Korea
| | - Jung‐Kul Lee
- Department of Chemical EngineeringKonkuk UniversitySeoul 05029 South Korea
| | - Liaoyuan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Biopesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Gutian Edible Fungi Research InstituteFujian Agriculture and Forestry University Fuzhou Fujian Province 350002 P. R. China
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Shen J, Zheng Q, Zhang R, Chen C, Liu G. Co-pretreatment of wheat straw by potassium hydroxide and calcium hydroxide: Methane production, economics, and energy potential analysis. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2019; 236:720-726. [PMID: 30772729 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2019.01.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2018] [Revised: 01/01/2019] [Accepted: 01/16/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
To improve the methane production of wheat straw (WS), the mono-pretreatment (MP) and co-pretreatment (CP) of WS with KOH and Ca(OH)2 were conducted in this study. The results showed that the MP with KOH presented better effects than the MP with Ca(OH)2. However, the CP with 2% KOH combined with 1% Ca(OH)2 displayed similar effects to those of the MP with 3% KOH, obtaining the cumulative methane yield of 239.8 mL gVS-1 and an improved biodegradability from 56.37% of raw WS to 66.10%. Methane production and kinetic analyses suggested that 2% KOH combined with 1% Ca(OH)2 was the ideal condition of alkaline pretreatment for anaerobic digestion of WS. The mechanism for the improvement in methane production was clearly described by biochemical component, scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy analyses. Moreover, preliminary economics and energy potential analyses also confirmed that alkaline co-pretreatment was a reasonable method, which not only gave important guidance for future utilization of WS waste but also showed useful reference for the efficient pretreatment of other lignocellulosic wastes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Shen
- College of Chemical Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China; State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Qiang Zheng
- College of Chemical Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Ruihong Zhang
- Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering, University of California, Davis, CA, 95616, United States
| | - Chang Chen
- College of Chemical Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China.
| | - Guangqing Liu
- College of Chemical Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China.
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Yadav M, Vivekanand V. Chaetomium globosporum: A novel laccase producing fungus for improving the hydrolyzability of lignocellulosic biomass. Heliyon 2019; 5:e01353. [PMID: 30949603 PMCID: PMC6430019 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2019.e01353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2018] [Revised: 02/18/2019] [Accepted: 03/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Rapid economic growth and urbanization is imposing an unseen pressure on energy sector to fulfill the increasing energy demand. Non edible horticultural residues viz. wheat and pearl millet straw have the potential to become an economical resource for waste to energy conversion. However, maximum hydrolyzability of the crop residues is a prerequisite for efficient conversion of complex organic materials into biofuels. In the present study, mycological treatment of wheat and pearl millet straw was accomplished by employing Chaetomium globosporum. The straw samples were exposed to mycological treatment for 14, 28 and 42 days. The improvement in hydrolyzability of straw was assessed by estimating the increase in reducing sugar release. The competence of Chaetomium globosporum for treating the straw samples was evaluated by measuring the % lignin removal after treatment. Furthermore, the structural and morphological changes in the straw samples after mycological treatment were examined by using scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction analysis. The results revealed 124 and 91% increase in reducing sugar release along with 43 and 41% removal of lignin for wheat and pearl millet straw respectively. Significant differences were also observed in in the structure, crystallanity and surface morphology.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Vivekanand Vivekanand
- Centre for Energy and Environment, Malaviya National Institute of Technology, Jaipur, Rajasthan 302017, India
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Jampatesh S, Sawisit A, Wong N, Jantama SS, Jantama K. Evaluation of inhibitory effect and feasible utilization of dilute acid-pretreated rice straws on succinate production by metabolically engineered Escherichia coli AS1600a. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2019; 273:93-102. [PMID: 30419446 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2018.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2018] [Revised: 10/31/2018] [Accepted: 11/01/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
This work demonstrated a pioneer work in the pre-treatment of rice straw by phosphoric acid (H3PO4) for succinate production. The optimized pre-treatment condition of rice straw was at 121 °C for 30 min with 2 N H3PO4. With this condition, total sugar concentration of 31.2 g/L with the highest hemicellulose saccharification yield of 94% was obtained. The physicochemical analysis of the pre-treated rice straw showed significant changes in its structure thus enhancing enzymatic saccharification. Succinate concentrations of 78.5 and 63.8 g/L were produced from hydrolysate liquor (L) and solid fraction (S) of the pre-treated rice straw respectively, with a comparable yield of 86% by E. coli AS1600a. Use of a combined L + S fraction in simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (LS + SSF) further improved succinate production at a concentration and yield of 85.6 g/L and 90% respectively. The results suggested that H3PO4 pre-treated rice straw may be utilized for economical succinate production by E. coli AS1600a.
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Affiliation(s)
- Surawee Jampatesh
- Metabolic Engineering Research Unit, School of Biotechnology, Institute of Agricultural Technology, Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima 30000, Thailand
| | - Apichai Sawisit
- Metabolic Engineering Research Unit, School of Biotechnology, Institute of Agricultural Technology, Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima 30000, Thailand
| | - Nonthaporn Wong
- Metabolic Engineering Research Unit, School of Biotechnology, Institute of Agricultural Technology, Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima 30000, Thailand
| | - Sirima Suvarnakuta Jantama
- Division of Biopharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ubon Ratchathani University, Ubon Ratchathani 34190, Thailand
| | - Kaemwich Jantama
- Metabolic Engineering Research Unit, School of Biotechnology, Institute of Agricultural Technology, Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima 30000, Thailand.
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