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Akadiri SA, Dada PO, Badejo AA, Adeosun OJ, Ogunrinde AT, Faloye OT. Phytoremediation of an integrated poultry and aquaculture wastewater using sub-surface constructed wetland planted with Phragmites karka and Typha latifolia. Int J Phytoremediation 2024; 26:1133-1143. [PMID: 38140944 DOI: 10.1080/15226514.2023.2294485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2023]
Abstract
This study focused on assessing the effectiveness of vertical subsurface constructed wetlands (VSFCW) in purifying integrated poultry and aquaculture wastewater (PAW) in a tropical region. This evaluation encompassed the treatment of physico-chemical, heavy metal, and microbiological pollutants across three distinct climatic seasons and hydraulic retention time (HRT: 21 days). Parameters such as BOD (29.50 mg/L), COD (56.67 mg/L), Zn (2.97 mg/L), Cr (0.24 mg/L), Cu (1.78 mg/L), Pb (0.21 mg/L), total fecal coliform (866.67 cfu/mL), total coliform (1666.67 cfu/mL), E. coli (1133.33 cfu/mL), and Salmonella/Shigella (700 cfu/mL) exceeded the discharge limits for wastewater into nearby surface water bodies. Significant removal efficiencies were observed for all parameters tested in the CW planted with both Phragmites karka and Typha latifolia. The macrophytes showed similar removal efficiencies for all tested parameters, and there was no significant difference in the initial concentrations of the parameters based on the experimental season, except for microbial properties. This suggests that weather conditions did not significantly impact the concentration of physical and chemical properties in the wastewater. Consequently, this study successfully demonstrates the potential of using a VSFCW for effective treatment of PAW.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shadrach A Akadiri
- Department of Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Ogun State, Nigeria
- Department of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Ondo State Local Government Service Commission, Akure, Ondo State, Nigeria
| | - Pius O Dada
- Department of Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Ogun State, Nigeria
| | - Adekunle A Badejo
- Department of Civil Engineering, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Ogun State, Nigeria
| | - Olayemi J Adeosun
- Department of Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Ogun State, Nigeria
| | - Akinwale T Ogunrinde
- Department of Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering, Landmark University, Omu Aran, Kwara State, Nigeria
| | - Oluwaseun T Faloye
- Department of Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering, Landmark University, Omu Aran, Kwara State, Nigeria
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Ohsowski BM, Redding C, Geddes P, Lishawa SC. Field-based measurement tools to distinguish clonal Typha taxa and estimate biomass: a resource for conservation and restoration. Front Plant Sci 2024; 15:1348144. [PMID: 38533400 PMCID: PMC10963450 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2024.1348144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
Two species of clonal Typha [T. latifolia (native) and T. angustifolia (exotic)] hybridize to form the highly invasive, heterotic (high vigor) T. × glauca in North American wetlands leading to increased primary production, litter accumulation, and biodiversity loss. Conservation of T. latifolia has become critical as invasive Typha has overwhelmed wetlands. In the field, Typha taxa identification is difficult due to subtle differences in morphology, and molecular identification is often unfeasible for managers. Furthermore, improved methods to non-destructively estimate Typha biomass is imperative to enhance ecological impact assessments. To address field-based Typha ID limitations, our study developed a predictive model from 14 Typha characters in 7 northern Michigan wetlands to accurately distinguish Typha taxa (n = 33) via linear discriminant analysis (LDA) of molecularly identified specimens. In addition, our study developed a partial least squares regression (PLS) model to predict Typha biomass from field collected measurements (n = 75). Results indicate that two field measurements [Leaf Counts, Longest Leaf] can accurately differentiate the three Typha taxa and advanced-generation hybrids. The LDA model had a 100% correct prediction rate of T. latifolia. The selected PLS biomass prediction model (sqrt[Typha Dry Mass] ~ log[Ramet Area at 30 cm] + Inflorescence Presence + Total Ramet Height + sqrt[Organic Matter Depth]) improved upon existing simple linear regression (SLR) height-to-biomass predictions. The rapid field-based Typha identification and biomass assessment tools presented in this study advance targeted management for regional conservation of T. latifolia and ecological restoration of wetlands impacted by invasive Typha taxa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian M. Ohsowski
- School of Environmental Sustainability, Loyola University Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Cassidy Redding
- School of Environmental Sustainability, Loyola University Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Pamela Geddes
- Department of Biology and Environmental Science Program, Northeastern Illinois University, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Shane C. Lishawa
- School of Environmental Sustainability, Loyola University Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
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Rasool T, Ishtiaq Ali M, Asif Jamal, Huang Z, Urynowicz M. Performance evaluation and microbial profiling of integrated vertical flow constructed wetland (IVFCW) for simultaneous treatment of domestic and pulp and paper industry waste water. Saudi J Biol Sci 2023; 30:103850. [PMID: 38020226 PMCID: PMC10663831 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2023.103850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2023] [Revised: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study demonstrates the potential of an integrated vertical flow-constructed wetland (IVFCW) for simultaneously treating black liquor and domestic wastewater. IVFCW was operated and monitored for 12 samples with the frequency of one sample per week with the following specifications viz,4 L of wastewater, a blend of 1:1 of pulp and paper industry effluent (black liquor BL), and domestic wastewater, was fed daily in a continuous mode with organic loading rate (OLR) of 1230 mg COD/L-Day, at a temperature range of 40-45℃ (natural temperature of the workstation). Valves controlled each chamber's hydraulic retention time (HRT) of 3 days and flow rate of 10 mL/minute. The IVFCW showed remarkable efficiency in removing various pollutants, including total suspended solids (TSS) and total dissolved solids (TDS), by 100 % and 83 %, respectively, and organic contaminants such as chemical oxygen demand (COD) and biological oxygen demand (BOD) by 80 % and 81 %, respectively. Moreover, the IVFCW efficiently reduced nutrients such as sulfates (SO₄-2), phosphates (PO₄-3), and total nitrogen by about 81 %, 63 %, and 61 %, respectively. The treatment also led to the reduction of lignin content by 83 %. Microbiological analysis revealed a significant reduction in fecal coliforms, and microbial profiling of Typha latifolia roots confirmed the presence of bacteria involved in lignin degradation. Seed germination and seedling survival were found to be negativelyaffected by untreated wastewater in a phytotoxicity study, suggesting that the wastewater's toxic chemicals could be harmful to plant life.This study highlights the effectiveness of IVFCW as a sustainable, economically viable, and resilient wastewater treatment system for mitigating environmental concerns related to the release of untreated wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tabassum Rasool
- Applied and Environmental Microbiology Research Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Ishtiaq Ali
- Applied and Environmental Microbiology Research Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan
| | - Asif Jamal
- Applied and Environmental Microbiology Research Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan
| | - Zaixing Huang
- Department of Civil and Architectural Engineering, Wyoming University, Laramie, WY 82071, USA
| | - Michael Urynowicz
- Department of Civil and Architectural Engineering, Wyoming University, Laramie, WY 82071, USA
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Rubio-Santiago J, Hernández-Morales A, Rolón-Cárdenas GA, Arvizu-Gómez JL, Soria-Guerra RE, Carranza-Álvarez C, Rubio-Salazar JE, Rosales-Loredo S, Pacheco-Aguilar JR, Macías-Pérez JR, Aldaba-Muruato LR, Vázquez-Martínez J. Characterization of Endophytic Bacteria Isolated from Typha latifolia and Their Effect in Plants Exposed to Either Pb or Cd. Plants (Basel) 2023; 12:498. [PMID: 36771585 PMCID: PMC9920544 DOI: 10.3390/plants12030498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Revised: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Plant-associated bacteria in heavy-metal-contaminated environments could be a biotechnological tool to improve plant growth. The present work aimed to isolate lead- and cadmium-tolerant endophytic bacteria from the roots of Typha latifolia growing in a site contaminated with these heavy metals. Endophytic bacteria were characterized according to Pb and Cd tolerance, plant-growth-promoting rhizobacteria activities, and their effect on T. latifolia seedlings exposed and non-exposed to Pb and Cd. Pb-tolerant isolates were identified as Pseudomonas azotoformans JEP3, P. fluorescens JEP8, and P. gessardii JEP33, while Cd-tolerant bacteria were identified as P. veronii JEC8, JEC9, and JEC11. They all exert biochemical activities, including indole acetic acid synthesis, siderophore production, and phosphate solubilization. Plant-bacteria interaction assays showed that P. azotoformans JEP3, P. fluorescens JEP8, P. gessardii JEP33, and P. veronii JEC8, JEC9, JEC11 promote the growth of T. latifolia seedlings by increasing the root and shoot length, while in plants exposed to either 5 mg/L of Pb or 10 mg/L of Cd, all bacterial isolates increased the shoot length and the number of roots per plant, suggesting that they are plant-growth-promoting rhizobacteria that could contribute to T. latifolia adaptation to the heavy metal polluted site.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesús Rubio-Santiago
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí 78210, Mexico
| | - Alejandro Hernández-Morales
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí 78210, Mexico
- Facultad de Estudios Profesionales Zona Huasteca, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosi 79060, Mexico
| | - Gisela Adelina Rolón-Cárdenas
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí 78210, Mexico
- Facultad de Estudios Profesionales Zona Huasteca, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosi 79060, Mexico
| | - Jackeline Lizzeta Arvizu-Gómez
- Secretaría de Investigación y Posgrado, Centro Nayarita de Innovación y Transferencia de Tecnología (CENITT), Universidad Autónoma de Nayarit, Tepic 63173, Mexico
| | - Ruth Elena Soria-Guerra
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí 78210, Mexico
| | - Candy Carranza-Álvarez
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí 78210, Mexico
- Facultad de Estudios Profesionales Zona Huasteca, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosi 79060, Mexico
| | | | - Stephanie Rosales-Loredo
- Facultad de Estudios Profesionales Zona Huasteca, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosi 79060, Mexico
| | | | - José Roberto Macías-Pérez
- Facultad de Estudios Profesionales Zona Huasteca, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosi 79060, Mexico
| | - Liseth Rubí Aldaba-Muruato
- Facultad de Estudios Profesionales Zona Huasteca, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosi 79060, Mexico
| | - Juan Vázquez-Martínez
- Departamento de Ingeniería Química y Bioquímica; Tecnológico Nacional de México Campus Irapuato, Guanajuato 36821, Mexico
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Alquwaizany AS, Hussain G, Al-Zarah AI. Changes in physico-chemical composition of wastewater by growing Phragmites australis and Typha latifolia in an arid environment in Saudi Arabia. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2022; 29:39838-39846. [PMID: 35112245 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-18369-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia is facing an acute shortage of high-quality water, which is further aggravated due to inadequate and nonrenewable groundwater resources. Hence, it is crucial to explore other alternatives, such as natural wastewater treatment (phytoremediation), for water supplies that can both lower the dependence on groundwater resources and overcome the challenges and limitations associated with conventional wastewater treatment technologies. Therefore, the main objective of this research was to study the performance and efficiency of green plants such as Typha latifolia L. (T. latifolia) (broadleaf cattail) and Phragmites australis (Cav.) Train, ex Steud. (P. australis) (common reed) for wastewater treatment in eastern Saudi Arabia. The experiment was conducted in fiberglass tanks (each with a capacity of 4.0 × 7.0 × 0.5 m3) in the field. There were a total of 4 fiberglass tanks with 2 replications. A percent decrease of 72.86% and 49.74%, 39.30% and 18.07%, 39.84% and 52.87%, 38.73% and 40.86%, 74.49% and 57.82%, and 66.82% and 63.14% was observed for turbidity, TSS, nitrate, ammonia, BOD, and COD by growing P. australis and T. latifolia, respectively. Heavy metals such as aluminum, zinc, and arsenic showed a considerable reduction in pollutants in treated water compared to raw wastewater under both plants. Overall, it appears that the improvement in wastewater quality was better by growing P. australis than T. latifolia; however, there were no statistically significant differences (p > 0.05) between the two plant means in their performance of raw wastewater treatment. The study results indicate that green plants could be used in a phytoremediation system to treat wastewater in rural and small communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdulaziz S Alquwaizany
- Energy and Water Research Institute, King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology (KACST), P. O. Box 6086, Riyadh, 11442, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
| | - Ghulam Hussain
- Energy and Water Research Institute, King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology (KACST), P. O. Box 6086, Riyadh, 11442, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah I Al-Zarah
- Energy and Water Research Institute, King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology (KACST), P. O. Box 6086, Riyadh, 11442, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
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Alufasi R, Parawira W, Stefanakis AI, Lebea P, Chakauya E, Chingwaru W. Internalisation of Salmonella spp. by Typha latifolia and Cyperus papyrus in vitro and implications for pathogen removal in Constructed Wetlands. Environ Technol 2022; 43:949-961. [PMID: 32795219 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2020.1811395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2019] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
ABSTRACTFreshwater contamination by enteric pathogens is implicated in the high frequency of diarrhoeal diseases in low to middle income countries, typically due to poor wastewater management. Constructed Wetlands are a cost-effective and sustainable alternative to conventional/mechanical treatment technologies, but the pathogen removal mechanisms in Constructed Wetlands are not fully understood. This study investigated for the first time the internalisation of Salmonella spp. by Typha latifolia and Cyperus papyrus in hydroponic microcosms. Presence of Salmonella spp. within roots, rhizomes and shoots was assayed using agar-based methods over a period of 12 days. Concentration of Salmonella spp. in growth media showed 2.7 and 4.8 log unit reduction with T. latifolia and C. papyrus, respectively, and 1.8 and 6.0 log unit in unplanted units. Salmonella spp. was recovered from root and rhizome tissues of T. latifolia (up to 4.4 logCFU/g) and C. papyrus (up to 3.4 logCFU/g), and the bacteria were highly concentrated in the epidermis and cortex. However, Salmonella spp. was not detected in the stems and leaves of the two plant species. The present study demonstrates for the first time that these macrophytes internalise cells of Salmonella spp., which could be one pathogen removal mechanism employed by wetland plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richwell Alufasi
- Biological Sciences Department, Bindura University of Science Education, Bindura, Zimbabwe
| | - Wilson Parawira
- Biological Sciences Department, Bindura University of Science Education, Bindura, Zimbabwe
| | | | | | - Ereck Chakauya
- AUDA-NEPAD Southern Africa Network for Biosciences (SANBio) and Council for Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR) Advanced Agriculture and Food, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Walter Chingwaru
- Biological Sciences Department, Bindura University of Science Education, Bindura, Zimbabwe
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Ahmad A. Phytoremediation of heavy metals and total petroleum hydrocarbon and nutrients enhancement of Typha latifolia in petroleum secondary effluent for biomass growth. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2022; 29:5777-5786. [PMID: 34431049 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-16016-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Accepted: 08/13/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Phytoremediation is an innovative tool which can be used for the treatment of industrial and agricultural wastewater. Typha latifolia (T. latifolia) is an aquatic plant used for phytoremediation of heavy metals (HMs) like cadmium (Cd), cobalt (Co), manganese (Mn), and TPH (total petroleum hydrocarbon) for the treatment of petroleum secondary effluent (PSE). During this experiment, the growth of T. latifolia in biomass, nutrient concentrations, and heavy metals were studied. The results indicated that T. latifolia was more tolerant to Cd, Co, and Mn due to its transfer index (TI) which was found to be greater than 2.9. The enrichment coefficients of the metals, Cd and Co present in the root were found to be higher than 3.31 to 2.56 and 5.35 to 3.55, respectively unlike the stem of T. latifolia. But, the enrichment coefficient of Mn was found to be 1.98 which was expected to be 3.51 at 75%. Similarly, the enrichment coefficients of all the metals, except for Co, in roots of T. latifolia were higher than 5.36. (TI) for Co (2.95) and Mn (2.55) which is better as compared to the enrichment coefficients of Cd (2.35) and TPH (3.45) in PSE. Thus, there is a possibility that PSE could be a source of important nutrients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anwar Ahmad
- Civil and Environmental Engineering Department, College of Engineering and Architecture, University of Nizwa, 33, 616, Nizwa, PO, Oman.
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Irshad S, Xie Z, Kamran M, Nawaz A, Mehmood S, Gulzar H, Saleem MH, Rizwan M, Malik Z, Parveen A, Ali S. Biochar composite with microbes enhanced arsenic biosorption and phytoextraction by Typha latifolia in hybrid vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland. Environ Pollut 2021; 291:118269. [PMID: 34601037 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.118269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Revised: 08/21/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Arsenic contamination of ground water is a worldwide issue, causing a number of ailments in humans. As an engineered and integrated solution, a hybrid vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland (VSSF-CW) amended with BCXZM composite (Bacillus XZM immobilized on rice husk biochar), was found effective for the bioremediation of arsenic contaminated water. Biological filter was prepared by amending top 3 cm of VSSF-CW bed with BCXZM. This filter scavenged ∼64% of total arsenic and removal efficiency of ∼95% was achieved by amended and planted (As + P + B) VSSF-CW, while non-amended (As + P) VSSF-CW showed a removal efficiency of ∼55%. The unplanted and amended (As + B) VSSF-CW showed a removal efficiency of ∼70%. The symbiotic association of Bacillus XZM, confirmed by SEM micrographs, significantly (p ≤ 0.05) reduced reactive oxygen species (ROS) and malondialdehyde (MDA) accumulation in Typha latifolia, hence, increasing the plant growth (2 folds). An increase in the indole acetic acid (IAA) and arsenic accumulation in plant was also observed in As + P + B system. The removal efficiency of the system was compromised after 4th consecutive cycle and 48 h was observed as optimum retention time. The FTIR-spectra showed the involvement of -N-H bond, carboxylic acids, -CH2 stretching of -CH2 and -CH3, carbonyl groups, -C-H, C-O-P and C-O-C, sulphur/thiol and phosphate functional groups in the bio-sorption of arsenic by BCXZM filter. Our study is a first reported on the simultaneous phytoextraction and biosorption of arsenic in a hybrid VSSF-CW. It is proposed that BCXZM can be applied effectively in CWs for the bioremediation of arsenic contaminated water on large scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sana Irshad
- School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430074, PR China
| | - Zuoming Xie
- School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430074, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430074, PR China.
| | - Muhammad Kamran
- School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, The University of Adelaide, South Australia 5005, Australia
| | - Asad Nawaz
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Sajid Mehmood
- School of Civil Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
| | - Huma Gulzar
- Department of Biochemistry, The Institute of Biochemistry, Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Faculty of Science, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Hamzah Saleem
- College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, PR China
| | - Muhammad Rizwan
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University Allama Iqbal Road, 38000, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Zaffar Malik
- Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, 63100, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Aasma Parveen
- Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, 63100, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Shafaqat Ali
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University Allama Iqbal Road, 38000, Faisalabad, Pakistan; Department of Biological Sciences and Technology, China Medical University, Taichung, 40402, Taiwan
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Ishaq HK, Farid M, Zubair M, Alharby HF, Asam ZUZ, Farid S, Bamagoos AA, Alharbi BM, Shakoor MB, Ahmad SR, Rizwan M, Ali S. Efficacy of Lemna minor and Typha latifolia for the treatment of textile industry wastewater in a constructed wetland under citric acid amendment: A lab scale study. Chemosphere 2021; 283:131107. [PMID: 34144284 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.131107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Revised: 05/25/2021] [Accepted: 05/31/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Lead (Pb), copper (Cu) and chromium (Cr) are one of the most harmful heavy metals (HMs), entering into the food chain through the irrigation of crops with an industrial effluent. The present study was performed to evaluate the toxic effects of textile effluents and performance of citric acid (CA) on phytoextraction potential of Lemna minor L. and Typha latifolia L. in an artificially designed wetland. Different doses of textile wastewater (0, 25, 50, 75, and 100%) and CA (10 mM) were applied alone and in combination. Plants were harvested and the data was collected regarding agronomic traits, photosynthetic pigments, antioxidant enzymes, reactive oxygen species (ROS), electrolytic leakage (EL) and HMs uptake and accumulation. The results depicted that the concentration and accumulation of Cu, Pb and Cr in different parts of T. latifolia plant was increased with and without CA addition. The maximum concentration of Pb, Cu and Cr increased in leaves by 279, 240 & 171%, in stem by 192, 172 & 154%, and in roots by 224, 183 & 168%, respectively. Similarly, the accumulation of Pb, Cu and Cr increased in leaves by 91, 71 & 36%, in stem by 57, 46 & 36% and in roots by 76, 53 & 45%, respectively in plants treated with 100% textile effluent as compared to the 25% textile effluent treated plants under CA amendment. In L. minor, the concentration of Pb, Cu & Cr increased by 542, 411 and 397% while accumulation increased by 101, 59 & 55% respectively in overall plant biomass.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hafiz Khuzama Ishaq
- Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Gujrat, Hafiz Hayat Campus, Gujrat, 50700, Pakistan
| | - Mujahid Farid
- Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Gujrat, Hafiz Hayat Campus, Gujrat, 50700, Pakistan.
| | - Muhammad Zubair
- Department of Chemistry, University of Gujrat, Hafiz Hayat Campus, Gujrat, 50700, Pakistan
| | - Hesham F Alharby
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, 21589, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Zaki Ul Zaman Asam
- Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Gujrat, Hafiz Hayat Campus, Gujrat, 50700, Pakistan
| | - Sheharyaar Farid
- University of Porto, Porto, Portugal; Department of Biology, Ecology and Evolution, University of Liege, Liege, Belgium
| | - Atif A Bamagoos
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, 21589, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Basmah M Alharbi
- Biology Department, Faculty of Science, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, 71491, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Sajid Rashid Ahmad
- College of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Rizwan
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Shafaqat Ali
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan; Department of Biological Sciences and Technology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.
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Rolón-Cárdenas GA, Arvizu-Gómez JL, Pacheco-Aguilar JR, Vázquez-Martínez J, Hernández-Morales A. Cadmium-tolerant endophytic Pseudomonas rhodesiae strains isolated from Typha latifolia modify the root architecture of Arabidopsis thaliana Col-0 in presence and absence of Cd. Braz J Microbiol 2021; 52:349-361. [PMID: 33236245 PMCID: PMC7966613 DOI: 10.1007/s42770-020-00408-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2020] [Accepted: 11/19/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
Abstract
In this work, we isolated four Cd-tolerant endophytic bacteria from Typha latifolia roots that grow at a Cd-contaminated site. Bacterial isolates GRC065, GRC066, GRC093, and GRC140 were identified as Pseudomonas rhodesiae. These bacterial isolates tolerate cadmium and have abilities for phosphate solubilization, siderophore production, indole acetic acid (IAA) synthesis, and ACC deaminase activity, suggesting that they are plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria. Bacterial inoculation in Arabidopsis thaliana seedlings showed that P. rhodesiae strains increase total fresh weight and number of lateral roots concerning non-inoculated plants. These results indicated that P. rhodesiae strains promote A. thaliana seedlings growth by modifying the root system. On the other hand, in A. thaliana seedlings exposed to 2.5 mg/l of Cd, P. rhodesiae strains increased the number and density of lateral roots concerning non-inoculated plants, indicating that they modify the root architecture of A. thaliana seedlings exposed to cadmium. The results showed that P. rhodesiae strains promote the development of lateral roots in A. thaliana seedlings cultivated in both conditions, with and without cadmium. These results suggest that P. rhodesiae strains could exert a similar role inside the roots of T. latifolia that grow in the Cd-contaminated environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gisela Adelina Rolón-Cárdenas
- Posgrado en Ciencias Químicas, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí, Mexico
- Facultad de Estudios Profesionales Zona Huasteca, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Romualdo del Campo 501, Fraccionamiento Rafael Curiel, CP 79060, Ciudad Valles, San Luis Potosí, Mexico
| | - Jackeline Lizzeta Arvizu-Gómez
- Secretaría de Investigación y Posgrado, Centro Nayarita de Innovación y Transferencia de Tecnología (CENITT), Universidad Autónoma de Nayarit, Tepic, Nayarit, Mexico
| | | | - Juan Vázquez-Martínez
- Departamento de Ingeniería Bioquímica, Tecnológico Nacional de México (TecNM), Instituto Tecnológico Superior de Irapuato, Irapuato, Guanajuato, Mexico
| | - Alejandro Hernández-Morales
- Posgrado en Ciencias Químicas, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí, Mexico.
- Facultad de Estudios Profesionales Zona Huasteca, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Romualdo del Campo 501, Fraccionamiento Rafael Curiel, CP 79060, Ciudad Valles, San Luis Potosí, Mexico.
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11
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Lozada-Gobilard S, Schwarzer C, Dyer R, Tiedemann R, Joshi J. Genetic Diversity and Connectivity in Plant Species Differing in Clonality and Dispersal Mechanisms in Wetland Island Habitats. J Hered 2021; 112:108-121. [PMID: 33555304 DOI: 10.1093/jhered/esaa059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2020] [Accepted: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
In plants, long-distance dispersal is both attenuated and directed by specific movement vectors, including animals, wind, and/or water. Hence, movement vectors partly shape metapopulation genetic patterns that are, however, also influenced by other life-history traits such as clonal growth. We studied the relationship between area, isolation, plant-species richness, reproduction, and dispersal mechanisms with genetic diversity and divergence in 4 widespread wetland plant-species in a total of 20 island-like kettle-hole habitats surrounded by an intensive agricultural landscape. Our results showed that genetic parameters reflect the reproduction strategies with the highest genetic diversity being observed in the non-clonal, outcrossing Oenanthe aquatica compared to the clonal Lycopus europaeus, Typha latifolia, and Phragmites australis. Lycopus showed a positive relationship between genetic diversity and kettle-hole area, but a negative relationship with the number of neighboring kettle holes (less isolation). Genetic diversity increased with plant-species richness in the clonal species Phragmites and Lycopus; while it decreased in the non-clonal Oenanthe. Finally, genetic divergence and, therefore, connectivity differed between alternative dispersal strategies, where wind-dispersed Typha and Phragmites had a higher gene flow between the analyzed kettle holes compared with the insect-pollinated, hydrochorous Lycopus and Oenanthe. Our study provides information on genetic patterns related to reproduction and dispersal mechanisms of 4 common wetland species contributing to the understanding of the functioning of plant metacommunities occurring in kettle holes embedded in agricultural landscapes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sissi Lozada-Gobilard
- Unit of Evolutionary Biology/Systematic Zoology, University of Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Str. 24-25, Potsdam, Germany.,The Botanical Garden, School of Plant Sciences and Food Security, G.S. Wise Faculty of Life Science, Tel Aviv University, Israel
| | - Christian Schwarzer
- Plant Systematics and Biodiversity, Humboldt University of Berlin, Späth-Arboretum, Späthstr. 80/81, Berlin, Germany
| | - Rodney Dyer
- Center of Environmental Studies, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA
| | - Ralph Tiedemann
- Unit of Evolutionary Biology/Systematic Zoology, University of Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Str. 24-25, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Jasmin Joshi
- Institute for Landscape and Open Space, Eastern Switzerland University of Applied Sciences, Seestrasse 10, Rapperswil, Switzerland.,Berlin-Brandenburg Institute of Advanced Biodiversity Research (BBIB), Altensteinstr. 6, Berlin, Germany
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12
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Barco A, Bona S, Borin M. Plant species for floating treatment wetlands: A decade of experiments in North Italy. Sci Total Environ 2021; 751:141666. [PMID: 33181991 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.141666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2020] [Revised: 08/09/2020] [Accepted: 08/10/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Floating treatment wetlands (FTWs) represent a recent system within the family of surface flow wetlands, able to directly treat various types of wastewaters in natural or artificial water bodies. In these conditions, traditional non-floating macrophytes, installed in self-buoyant mats, hydroponically expand their root systems in the wastewater, interacting with a rich microbial biodiversity and thereby removing different pollutants. This study aimed to evaluate the growth performances of 5 plant species installed in different FTWs after ten years of research conducted in North Italy: Phragmites australis, Iris pseudacorus, Typha latifolia, Carex spp. and Lythrum salicaria. During the entire experimental period, above-mat biomass production varied from 46.7 g m-2 (L. salicaria) to 1466.0 g m-2 (T. latifolia), whereas below-mat biomass production ranged between 205.7 g m-2 (L. salicaria) and 4331.1 g m-2 (P. australis). Both shoot height and root length assumed the highest values for T. latifolia (189.0 cm and 59.3 cm, respectively), the lowest for L. salicaria (42.3 cm and 35.1 cm, respectively). All plant species increased both above- and below-mat biomass productions over consecutive growing seasons through horizontal colonization of the floating mats, although not always significantly. Moreover, the growth of I. pseudacorus, P. australis and T. latifolia was significantly influenced by wastewater physico-chemical composition, exhibiting species-specific behavior. In general, all species showed a good aptitude to survive in hydroponic conditions both during the growing season and the winter, even though in a few cases the survival of I. pseudacorus and P. australis was strongly reduced by alien predators (Myocastor coypus) that badly damaged plant aerial tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Barco
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals and Environment - DAFNAE, University of Padova, Agripolis Campus, Viale dell'Università, 16-35020 Legnaro, PD, Italy
| | - Stefano Bona
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals and Environment - DAFNAE, University of Padova, Agripolis Campus, Viale dell'Università, 16-35020 Legnaro, PD, Italy
| | - Maurizio Borin
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals and Environment - DAFNAE, University of Padova, Agripolis Campus, Viale dell'Università, 16-35020 Legnaro, PD, Italy.
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13
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Martens M, Karlsson NPE, Ehde PM, Mattsson M, Weisner SEB. The greenhouse gas emission effects of rewetting drained peatlands and growing wetland plants for biogas fuel production. J Environ Manage 2021; 277:111391. [PMID: 33049611 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2020.111391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2020] [Revised: 09/07/2020] [Accepted: 09/17/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Efforts to mitigate greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions are receiving increased attention among governmental and commercial actors. In recent years, the interest in paludiculture, i.e. the use of rewetted peatlands, has grown because of its potential to reduce GHG emissions by stopping soil decomposition. Moreover, cultivating wetland plants on rewetted peatlands for bioenergy production that replaces fossil fuels in the transport sector, can contribute to additional GHG emission reductions. In this study, an analysis of literature data was conducted to obtain data on GHG emissions (CO2 and CH4) and biomass production from rewetted peatlands cultivated with two different wetland plant species: Phragmites australis (Pa) and Typha latifolia (Tl). In addition, a biogas experiment was carried out to investigate the biomethane yield of Pa and Tl biomass, and the reduction of global warming potential (GWP) by using biomethane as vehicle fuel. The results show that peatland rewetting can be an important measure to mitigate the GWP as it reduces GHG emissions from the soil, particularly on a 100-year timescale but also to some extent on a 20-year timescale. More specifically, rewetting of 1 km2 of peatland can result in a GWP reduction corresponding to the emissions from ±2600 average sized petrol cars annually. Growing Pa on rewetted peatlands reduces soil GHG emissions more than growing Tl, but Pa and Tl produced similar amounts of biomass and biomethane per land area. Our study concludes that Pa, because of a more pronounced GWP reduction, is the most suitable wetland plant to cultivate after peatland rewetting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mireille Martens
- Water Technology Group, HZ University of Applied Sciences, Vlissingen, the Netherlands
| | - Niklas P E Karlsson
- Rydberg Laboratory of Applied Sciences, School of Business, Innovation and Sustainability, Halmstad University, Halmstad, Sweden.
| | - Per Magnus Ehde
- Rydberg Laboratory of Applied Sciences, School of Business, Innovation and Sustainability, Halmstad University, Halmstad, Sweden
| | - Marie Mattsson
- Rydberg Laboratory of Applied Sciences, School of Business, Innovation and Sustainability, Halmstad University, Halmstad, Sweden
| | - Stefan E B Weisner
- Rydberg Laboratory of Applied Sciences, School of Business, Innovation and Sustainability, Halmstad University, Halmstad, Sweden
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14
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Wagner TV, Al-Manji F, Xue J, Wetser K, de Wilde V, Parsons JR, Rijnaarts HHM, Langenhoff AAM. Effects of salinity on the treatment of synthetic petroleum-industry wastewater in pilot vertical flow constructed wetlands under simulated hot arid climatic conditions. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2021; 28:2172-2181. [PMID: 32875449 PMCID: PMC7785543 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-10584-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2020] [Accepted: 08/20/2020] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Petroleum-industry wastewater (PI-WW) is a potential source of water that can be reused in areas suffering from water stress. This water contains various fractions that need to be removed before reuse, such as light hydrocarbons, heavy metals and conditioning chemicals. Constructed wetlands (CWs) can remove these fractions, but the range of PI-WW salinities that can be treated in CWs and the influence of an increasing salinity on the CW removal efficiency for abovementioned fractions is unknown. Therefore, the impact of an increasing salinity on the removal of conditioning chemicals benzotriazole, aromatic hydrocarbon benzoic acid, and heavy metal zinc in lab-scale unplanted and Phragmites australis and Typha latifolia planted vertical-flow CWs was tested in the present study. P. australis was less sensitive than T. latifolia to increasing salinities and survived with a NaCl concentration of 12 g/L. The decay of T. latifolia was accompanied by a decrease in the removal efficiency for benzotriazole and benzoic acid, indicating that living vegetation enhanced the removal of these chemicals. Increased salinities resulted in the leaching of zinc from the planted CWs, probably as a result of active plant defence mechanisms against salt shocks that solubilized zinc. Plant growth also resulted in substantial evapotranspiration, leading to an increased salinity of the CW treated effluent. A too high salinity limits the reuse of the CW treated water. Therefore, CW treatment should be followed by desalination technologies to obtain salinities suitable for reuse. In this technology train, CWs enhance the efficiency of physicochemical desalination technologies by removing organics that induce membrane fouling. Hence, P. australis planted CWs are a suitable option for the treatment of water with a salinity below 12 g/L before further treatment or direct reuse in water scarce areas worldwide, where CWs may also boost the local biodiversity. Graphical abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas V Wagner
- Department of Environmental Technology, Wageningen University & Research, P. O. Box 17, 6700 EV, Wageningen, The Netherlands.
- Institute for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics (IBED), University of Amsterdam, P. O. Box 94248, 1092 GE, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Fatma Al-Manji
- Department of Environmental Technology, Wageningen University & Research, P. O. Box 17, 6700 EV, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Jie Xue
- Department of Environmental Technology, Wageningen University & Research, P. O. Box 17, 6700 EV, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Koen Wetser
- Department of Environmental Technology, Wageningen University & Research, P. O. Box 17, 6700 EV, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Vinnie de Wilde
- Department of Environmental Technology, Wageningen University & Research, P. O. Box 17, 6700 EV, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - John R Parsons
- Institute for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics (IBED), University of Amsterdam, P. O. Box 94248, 1092 GE, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Huub H M Rijnaarts
- Department of Environmental Technology, Wageningen University & Research, P. O. Box 17, 6700 EV, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Alette A M Langenhoff
- Department of Environmental Technology, Wageningen University & Research, P. O. Box 17, 6700 EV, Wageningen, The Netherlands
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15
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Stone BWG, Jackson CR. Seasonal Patterns Contribute More Towards Phyllosphere Bacterial Community Structure than Short-Term Perturbations. Microb Ecol 2021; 81:146-156. [PMID: 32737538 PMCID: PMC8048045 DOI: 10.1007/s00248-020-01564-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Phyllosphere microorganisms are sensitive to fluctuations in wind, temperature, solar radiation, and rain. However, recent explorations of patterns in phyllosphere communities across time often focus on seasonal shifts and leaf senescence without measuring the contribution of environmental drivers and leaf traits. Here, we focus on the effects of rain on the phyllosphere bacterial community of the wetland macrophyte broadleaf cattail (Typha latifolia) across an entire year, specifically targeting days before and 1, 3, and 5 days after rain events. To isolate the contribution of precipitation from other factors, we covered a subset of plants to shield them from rainfall. We used targeted Illumina sequencing of the V4 region of the bacterial 16S rRNA gene to characterize phyllosphere community composition. Rain events did not have a detectable effect on phyllosphere community richness or evenness regardless of whether the leaves were covered from rain or not, suggesting that foliar microbial communities are robust to such disturbances. While climatic and leaf-based variables effectively modeled seasonal trends in phyllosphere diversity and composition, they provided more limited explanatory value at shorter time scales. These findings underscore the dominance of long-term seasonal patterns related to climatic variation as the main factor influencing the phyllosphere community.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bram W G Stone
- Department of Biology, University of Mississippi, Shoemaker Hall, University, St. Cloud, MS, 38677-1848, USA.
- Center for Ecosystem Science and Society, Science Lab Facility, Northern Arizona University, Building 17, Flagstaff, AZ, 86011-5620, USA.
| | - Colin R Jackson
- Department of Biology, University of Mississippi, Shoemaker Hall, University, St. Cloud, MS, 38677-1848, USA
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16
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Hamad MTMH. Comparative study on the performance of Typha latifolia and Cyperus Papyrus on the removal of heavy metals and enteric bacteria from wastewater by surface constructed wetlands. Chemosphere 2020; 260:127551. [PMID: 32683013 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.127551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2020] [Revised: 06/08/2020] [Accepted: 06/27/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Semi-arid countries continue to face water scarcity, especially with the current global climatic changes. This scarcity has continuously increased over the last five decades in countries like Egypt, Syria, Libya and Jordan, where the agriculture sector consumes more than 85% of the country's water resources. The problem of water scarcity in Egypt is further challenged by high levels of urbanization, increasing industrial uses, and the high cost of advanced treatment processes. These challenges lead to the utilization of untreated or poorly treated wastewater for irrigation of agricultural crop fields. Thus, the current study proposes the use of an eco-friendly technology consisting of a constructed wetland planted with Typha latifolia and Cyperus papyrus supported with zeolite substrate for water purification, to curb this challenge. The results showed that, the removal efficiency of COD, BOD, TSS, and ammonia were 68.5%, 71%, 70%, and 82.3%, respectively by Typha latifolia bed. On the other hand, the removal efficiency of COD, BOD, TSS and ammonia were 85.5%, 86.2%, 83.9% and 92.3% respectively by Cyperus papyrus bed. As a result, bacteriological parameters were reduced to 99.9%, and complete removal of Salmonella sp was achieved during three days by Cyperus papyrus. Box-Behnken design was utilized to optimize independent factors, including contact time (24-72h) and initial concentration of metals (15-45 mg L-1) and their responses. The removal efficiency of Cu and Zn were 72% and 84%, respectively of the optimum reaction time (72 h), with 16 plant stems and an initial metal concentration of 15 mg L-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed T M H Hamad
- Central Laboratory for Environmental Quality Monitoring (CLEQM), National Water Research Center (NWRC), Cairo, Egypt.
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17
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Ramaiah SK, Thimappa GS, Nataraj LK, Dasgupta P. Optimization of oxalic acid pre-treatment and enzymatic saccharification in Typha latifolia for production of reducing sugar. J Genet Eng Biotechnol 2020; 18:28. [PMID: 32648065 PMCID: PMC7347720 DOI: 10.1186/s43141-020-00042-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2020] [Accepted: 06/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Background Plants with high biomass can be manipulated for their reducing sugar content which ultimately upon fermentation produces ethanol. This concept was used to enhance the production of reducing sugar from cattail (Typha latifolia) by oxalic acid (OAA) pre-treatment followed by enzymatic saccharification. Result The optimum condition of total reducing sugar released from OAA pre-treatment was found to be 22.32 mg/ml (OAA—1.2%; substrate concentration (SC)—6%; reaction time (RT)—20 min) using one variable at a time (OVAT). Enzymatic saccharification yielded 45.21 mg/ml of reducing sugar (substrate concentration (SC)—2.4%; enzymatic dosage—50 IU/g; pH 7.0; temp—50 °C) using response surface methodology (RSM). Conclusion We conclude that Typha can be used as a potential substrate for large-scale biofuel production, employing economical bioprocessing strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunil Kodishetty Ramaiah
- Bioenergy Lab, Department of Biotechnology, Bangalore University, Bengaluru, Karnataka, 560056, India
| | | | | | - Proteek Dasgupta
- Department of Zoology, Bangalore University, Bengaluru, Karnataka, 560056, India
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18
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Xu Q, Renault S, Goltz D, Yuan Q. Phytoremediation of waste dumping site soil and landfill leachate by using cattail ( Typha latifolia). Environ Technol 2020; 41:1101-1106. [PMID: 30198835 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2018.1521474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2018] [Accepted: 09/03/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
In this study, cattail (Typha latifolia) was used to remove Na+ and Cl- from polluted soil (PS) in a solid waste open dumping site. Hydroponic system was also evaluated to remove Na+ and Cl- from landfill leachate. The results indicated that the cattail grown in PS had higher biomass yield of 44.4 ± 3.29 g compared to that of control (35.3 ± 4.28 g). Nitrogen and phosphorous contents of cattails grown in PS were also higher than that of control plants, and the electrical conductivity of PS significantly decreased from 245 ± 1.40 to 51.9 ± 9.30 ms/m over the 5-week experimental duration. Na+ and Cl- contents from cattail grown on PS were 10.8 ± 1.85 and 64.7 ± 9.15 g/kg biomass, respectively. For cattails grown hydroponically in water containing leachate, nitrogen and phosphorous accumulation was 51.1 ± 5.94 and 9.32 ± 3.22 g/kg biomass, respectively. The corresponding biomass yield of these cattails was 13.5 ± 1.29 g at the end of 5 weeks. In addition, the Na+ and Cl- accumulation of 55.5 ± 4.82 and 78.2 ± 28.3 g/Kg biomass, respectively, was higher in hydroponic cattails grown in this study. Overall, the results suggest the effectiveness of cattails for phytoremediation of contaminated soil and the high efficiency of hydroponic system for nutrient and salinity removal compared to the conventional soil test.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Xu
- Department of Civil Engineering, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Sylvie Renault
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Doug Goltz
- Department of Chemistry, University of Winnipeg, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Qiuyan Yuan
- Department of Civil Engineering, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
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Stroppa N, Onelli E, Hejna M, Rossi L, Gagliardi A, Bini L, Baldi A, Moscatelli A. Typha latifolia and Thelypteris palustris behavior in a pilot system for the refinement of livestock wastewaters: A case of study. Chemosphere 2020; 240:124915. [PMID: 31563105 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.124915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2019] [Revised: 09/18/2019] [Accepted: 09/18/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
In animal livestock heavy metals are widely used as feed additives to control enteric bacterial infections as well as to enhance the integrity of the immune system. As these metals are only partially adsorbed by animals, the content of heavy metals in manure and wastewaters causes soil and ground water contamination, with Zn2+ and Cu2+ being the most critical output from pig livestock. Phytoremediation is considered a valid strategy to improve the purity of wastewaters. This work studied the effect of Zn2+ and Cu2+ on the morphology and protein expression in Thelypteris palustris and Typha latifolia plants, cultured in a wetland pilot system. Despite the absence of macroscopic alterations, remodeling of cell walls and changes in carbohydrate metabolism were observed in the rhizomes of both plants and in leaves of Thelypteris palustris. However, similar modifications seemed to be determined by the alterations of different mechanisms in these plants. These data also suggested that marsh ferns are more sensitive to metals than monocots. Whereas toleration mechanisms seemed to be activated in Typha latifolia, in Thelypteris palustris the observed modifications appeared as slight toxic effects due to metal exposure. This study clearly indicates that both plants could be successfully employed in in situ phytoremediation systems, to remove Cu2+ and Zn2+ at concentrations that are ten times higher than the legal limits, without affecting plant growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadia Stroppa
- Department of Biosciences, University of Milano, Via Celoria 26, 20133, Milan, Italy.
| | - Elisabetta Onelli
- Department of Biosciences, University of Milano, Via Celoria 26, 20133, Milan, Italy.
| | - Monika Hejna
- Department of Health, Animal Science and Food Safety, University of Milano, Via Celoria 10, 20133, Milan, Italy.
| | - Luciana Rossi
- Department of Health, Animal Science and Food Safety, University of Milano, Via Celoria 10, 20133, Milan, Italy.
| | - Assunta Gagliardi
- Dipartimento di Biologia Cellulare, Computazionale e Integrata - CIBIO, University of Trento, Via Sommarive 9, Povo, 38123, Trento, Italy.
| | - Luca Bini
- Department of Life Science, University of Siena, Via Aldo Moro 2, 53100, Siena, Italy.
| | - Antonella Baldi
- Department of Health, Animal Science and Food Safety, University of Milano, Via Celoria 10, 20133, Milan, Italy.
| | - Alessandra Moscatelli
- Department of Biosciences, University of Milano, Via Celoria 26, 20133, Milan, Italy.
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20
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Hejna M, Moscatelli A, Stroppa N, Onelli E, Pilu S, Baldi A, Rossi L. Bioaccumulation of heavy metals from wastewater through a Typha latifolia and Thelypteris palustris phytoremediation system. Chemosphere 2020; 241:125018. [PMID: 31683415 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.125018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2019] [Revised: 09/28/2019] [Accepted: 09/29/2019] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Animal production is a source of heavy metals in livestock wastewater and also a key link in the food chain, with negative impacts on human and animal health. In intensive animal production systems, the most critical elements are zinc and copper. In order to development of innovative non-invasive strategies to reduce the environmental impact of livestock, this study assessed the ability of two plants, Typha latifolia and Thelypteris palustris, to bioaccumulate the heavy metals used in animal nutrition, from wastewater. Four mesocosms (width 2.0 m, length 2.0 m, 695 L of water, 210 kg of soil) were assembled outdoors at the Botanical Garden. Two of them were planted with T. latifolia (TL treated, n = 30; TL control, n = 30) and two with T. palustris (TP treated, n = 60; TP control, n = 60). In T0 a solution of a mineral additive premix (Zn 44.02 mg/L; Cu 8.63 mg/L) was dissolved in the treated mesocosms. At T0, d 15 (T1) and d 45 (T2) samples of roots, leaves, stems, soil and water were collected, dried, mineralized and analyzed using ICP-MS in order to obtain HMs content. We found that T. latifolia and T. palustris accumulate and translocate Zn, Cu from contaminated wastewater into plant tissues in a way that is directly related to the exposure time (T2 for Zn: 271.64 ± 17.70, 409.26 ± 17.70 for Cu: 47.54 ± 3.56, 105.58 ± 3.56 mg/kg of DM, respectively). No visual toxicity signs were observed during the experimental period. This phytoremediation approach could be used as an eco-sustainable approach to counteract the output of heavy metals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Hejna
- Department of Health, Animal Science and Food Safety, Università degli Studi di Milano, via Trentacoste 2, 20134, Milan, Italy.
| | - Alessandra Moscatelli
- Department of Biosciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, via Celoria 26, 20133, Milan, Italy.
| | - Nadia Stroppa
- Department of Biosciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, via Celoria 26, 20133, Milan, Italy.
| | - Elisabetta Onelli
- Department of Biosciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, via Celoria 26, 20133, Milan, Italy.
| | - Salvatore Pilu
- Department of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences - Production, Land, Agroenergy, Università degli Studi di Milano, via Celoria 2, 20133, Milan, Italy.
| | - Antonella Baldi
- Department of Health, Animal Science and Food Safety, Università degli Studi di Milano, via Trentacoste 2, 20134, Milan, Italy.
| | - Luciana Rossi
- Department of Health, Animal Science and Food Safety, Università degli Studi di Milano, via Trentacoste 2, 20134, Milan, Italy.
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Tarda AS, Saparrat MCN, Gómez N. Assemblage of dematiaceous and Ingoldian fungi associated with leaf litter of decomposing Typha latifolia L. (Typhaceae) in riverine wetlands of the Pampean plain (Argentina) exposed to different water quality. J Environ Manage 2019; 250:109409. [PMID: 31521033 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2019.109409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2019] [Revised: 07/05/2019] [Accepted: 08/14/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to analyze the rate of sporulation, richness, and spore diversity of dematiaceous and Ingoldian fungi colonizing Typha latifolia leaves during a 40-day period of decomposition, as well as the loss of mass in Typha latifolia, in four riverine wetlands of Pampean plain (Argentina) with different water quality. Higher sporulation rates, richness, and diversity of the fungi as well as loss of mass of the leaves that they colonized were associated with lower water quality. Anguilospora longissima, Arthrinium sp., Margaritispora aquatica, and Tricellula botryosa were dominant taxa. Redundancy analysis showed two fungal assemblages related to different environmental conditions. One assemblage was related to higher nutrient levels and higher temperature, characterized mainly by dematiaceous fungi. The other assemblage was related to higher levels of pH and dissolved oxygen, which was mainly represented by Ingoldian fungi. The results obtained in our study demonstrated the link between these fungal assemblages and changes in water quality, revealing their potential as indicators of environmental changes in rivers exposed to different types of land use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alan Santiago Tarda
- Instituto de Limnología"Dr. Raúl Ringuelet", UNLP- CONICET (CCT La Plata), CC 712, 1900, La Plata, Argentina; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Argentina.
| | - Mario Carlos Nazareno Saparrat
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Argentina; Instituto de Fisiología Vegetal (INFIVE), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Universidad Nacional de La Plata CCT-La Plata- Diag, 113 y 61, CC 327, 1900, La Plata, Argentina; Instituto de Botánica Carlos Spegazzini, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, 53 N° 477, 1900, La Plata, Argentina; Cátedra de Microbiología Agrícola, Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias y Forestales, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, 60 y 119, 1900, La Plata, Argentina.
| | - Nora Gómez
- Instituto de Limnología"Dr. Raúl Ringuelet", UNLP- CONICET (CCT La Plata), CC 712, 1900, La Plata, Argentina; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Argentina
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Yalçuk A, Ugurlu A. Treatment of landfill leachate with laboratory scale vertical flow constructed wetlands: plant growth modeling. Int J Phytoremediation 2019; 22:157-166. [PMID: 31402676 DOI: 10.1080/15226514.2019.1652562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The main purpose of this study was to investigate the removal of ammonia, orthophosphate, and COD present in landfill leachate using vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland systems (VFCW). The effect of different types of plants (Typha latifolia and Canna indica) in the removal of pollutants was also investigated. The systems were operated identically at a flow rate of 5 l/day and a hydraulic retention time (HRT) of 22 days in the T. latifolia reactor (R1), C. indica reactor (R2), and Control reactor (R3). Concentration-based average removal efficiencies for R1, R2, and R3 were NH4-N; 60.0%, 56.0%, and 46, COD; 81.0%, 84.0%, and 79.0%, PO4-P; 45.0%, 46.0%, and 32.0%, respectively. These results show that the model is a good predictive tool for determining the plant lengths using the growth equations. It is also revealed that the Logistic and Cubic models are suitable for the R1 and R2 reactors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arda Yalçuk
- Environmental Engineering Department, Faculty of Architecture and Engineering, Abant Izzet Baysal University, Bolu, Turkey
| | - Aysenur Ugurlu
- Environmental Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
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Roé-Sosa A, Rangel-Peraza JG, Rodríguez-Mata AE, Pat-Espadas A, Bustos-Terrones Y, Diaz-Peña I, Vu CM, Amabilis-Sosa LE. Emulating natural wetlands oxygen conditions for the removal of N and P in agricultural wastewaters. J Environ Manage 2019; 236:351-357. [PMID: 30739040 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2019.01.114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2018] [Revised: 01/15/2019] [Accepted: 01/31/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this research was to evaluate a constructed wetland system (CW) operated under aerobic-anoxic-aerobic conditions to remove C, N and P from water with high concentrations of the last two nutrients. A series of three CW were operated continuously for 190 days. An aerobic vertical CW was used in the first and third stages and an anoxic horizontal CW was used in the second stage. The total nitrogen (TN) removal efficiency was 70 ± 1.5%. Similar removal efficiency behavior was observed in others nitrogen compounds, where a removal of 85 ± 1.5% for NO3--N and 97 ± 2.2% for NH3+N were achieved. The combination of different oxygen conditions enhanced oxidation of nitrates and the assimilation of ammonium by vegetation. On the other hand, 54 ± 6.5% total phosphorus (TP) was removed in the entire system, which is higher than the reported in several investigations, including mechanized and controlled systems such as activated sludge. The phosphorous removal efficiency was attributed to the adequate design and configuration of CW, which facilitated dissolved oxygen (DO) conditions required for phosphorus capture. Despite in this investigation the CW was not designed for an optimal removal of organic matter the removal efficiency of this parameter was 64 ± 7.5%. The successful results suggest that the combination of aerobic-anoxic-aerobic stages is a technically suitable option for the treatment of agricultural wastewater with high content of N and P.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriana Roé-Sosa
- Universidad Tecnológica de Culiacán, Carretera Culiacán-Imala km. 2, Culiacán, Sinaloa, 80014, Mexico
| | - Jesus Gabriel Rangel-Peraza
- Tecnológico Nacional de México-División de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigación, Instituto Tecnológico de Culiacán. Juan de Dios Bátiz 310, Culiacán, Sinaloa, 80220, Mexico
| | - Abraham E Rodríguez-Mata
- CONACyT-Instituto Tecnológico de Culiacán, Juan de Dios Bátiz 310, Culiacán, Sinaloa, 80220, Mexico
| | - Aurora Pat-Espadas
- CONACyT-UNAM Instituto de Geología, Estación Regional del Noroeste (ERNO), Luis D. Colosio y Madrid, Hermosillo, Sonora, 83000, Mexico
| | - Yaneth Bustos-Terrones
- CONACyT-Instituto Tecnológico de Culiacán, Juan de Dios Bátiz 310, Culiacán, Sinaloa, 80220, Mexico
| | - Ismael Diaz-Peña
- Tecnológico Nacional de México-División de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigación, Instituto Tecnológico de Culiacán. Juan de Dios Bátiz 310, Culiacán, Sinaloa, 80220, Mexico
| | - Cuong Manh Vu
- Center for Advanced Chemistry, Institute Research and Development, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, Viet Nam
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Gebeyehu A, Shebeshe N, Kloos H, Belay S. Suitability of nutrients removal from brewery wastewater using a hydroponic technology with Typha latifolia. BMC Biotechnol 2018; 18:74. [PMID: 30466420 PMCID: PMC6251130 DOI: 10.1186/s12896-018-0484-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2018] [Accepted: 11/13/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background This study aims to assess suitability of hydroponic technology for treatment of brewery wastewater in a hydroponic bioreactor using Typha latifolia. Triplicated hydroponic bioreactor treatment units were designed, constructed and operated at a hydraulic retention time of 5 days with different surface loadings and mean hydraulic loading rate 0.023 m3 m−2d− 1. Young T. latifolia shoots were collected in the vicinity of study site. Wastewater characteristics, plant growth and nutrient accumulation during experiment were analyzed as per APHA standard methods and nutrient removal efficiency was evaluated based on inlet and outlet values. Results T. latifolia established and grew well in the hydroponics under fluctuations of wastewater loads and showed a good phytoremedial capacity to remove nutrients. Significant removal efficiencies (p < 0.05) varied between 54 and 80% for Total Kjeldahl Nitrogen, 42 and 65% for NH4+ -N, 47 and 58% for NO3− -N, and 51 and 70% for PO43−-P. The system improved the removal up to 29% compared to control and produced biomass of 0.61–0.86 kg dry weight (DW) m− 2. Nutrients retained were up to 21.17 g N kg− 1 DW and 2.87 g P kg− 1 DW. Conclusion The significant nutrients reduction obtained and production of biomass led us to conclude that hydroponics technology using T. latifolia has suitability potential for treatment of brewery wastewater and similar agro-industrial wastewaters. Thus it could be considered as a promising eco-friendly option for wastewater treatment to mitigate water pollution. Integration of treatment and production of biomass needs further improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abebe Gebeyehu
- Ethiopian Institute of Water Resources, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
| | - Nurelegne Shebeshe
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Addis Ababa Science and Technology University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Helmut Kloos
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, USA
| | - Solomon Belay
- Department of Biotechnology, Addis Ababa Science and Technology University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
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Chi H, Yang L, Yang W, Li Y, Chen Z, Huang L, Chao Y, Qiu R, Wang S. Variation of the Bacterial Community in the Rhizoplane Iron Plaque of the Wetland Plant Typha latifolia. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2018; 15:E2610. [PMID: 30469475 PMCID: PMC6313532 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph15122610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2018] [Revised: 11/15/2018] [Accepted: 11/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
The survival of wetland plants in iron, sulfur and heavy metals-rich mine tailing ponds has been commonly attributed to the iron plaque (IP) on the root surface that acts as a protective barrier. However, the contribution of bacteria potentially regulates the iron-sulfur cycle and heavy metal exclusion at the root surface has not been studied in depth, particularly from a microbial ecology perspective. In this study, a pot experiment using Typha latifolia, a typical wetland plant, in non-polluted soil (NP) and tailing soil (T) was conducted. Samples from four zones, comprising non-rhizosphere soil (NR), rhizosphere soil (R) and internal (I) and external (E) layers of iron plaque, were collected from the NP and T and analyzed by 16S rRNA sequencing. Simpson index of the genus level showed greater diversities of bacterial community in the NP and its I zone is the most important part of the rhizosphere. PICRUSt predicted that the I zones in both NP and T harbored most of the functional genes. Specifically, functional genes related to sulfur relay and metabolism occurred more in the I zone in the T, whereas those related to iron acquisition and carbon and nitrogen circulation occurred more in the I zone in the NP. Analysis of dominant bacterial communities at genus level showed highest abundance of heavy metal resistant genus Burkholderia in the E zones in both soils, indicating that heavy metal resistance of Typha latifolia driven by Burkholderia mainly occurred at the external layer of IP. Moreover, many bacterial genera, such as Acidithiobacillus, Ferritrophicum, Thiomonas, Metallibacterium and Sideroxydans, involved in iron and sulfur metabolisms were found in the T and most showed higher abundance in the I zone than in the other zones. This work, as the first endeavor to separate the iron plaque into external and internal layers and investigate the variations of the bacterial communities therein, can provide an insight for further understanding the survival strategy of wetland plants, e.g., Typha latifolia, in extreme environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haochun Chi
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China.
| | - Lu Yang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China.
| | - Wenjing Yang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China.
| | - Yuanyuan Li
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China.
| | - Ziwu Chen
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China.
| | - Lige Huang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China.
| | - Yuanqing Chao
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China.
- Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology, Guangzhou 510275, China.
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Heavy Metal Contaminated Soil Remediation, Guangzhou 510275, China.
| | - Rongliang Qiu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China.
- Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology, Guangzhou 510275, China.
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Heavy Metal Contaminated Soil Remediation, Guangzhou 510275, China.
| | - Shizhong Wang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China.
- Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology, Guangzhou 510275, China.
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Heavy Metal Contaminated Soil Remediation, Guangzhou 510275, China.
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Singh T, Singh DK. Assessing the Bacterial Community Structure in the Rhizoplane of Wetland Plants. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol 2018; 101:521-526. [PMID: 30182151 DOI: 10.1007/s00128-018-2426-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2018] [Accepted: 08/21/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Plant-microorganism interaction in the rhizosphere is important for nutrient cycling, carbon sequestration in natural ecosystems, contaminant elimination and ecosystem functioning. Abundance of microbial communities and variation in species composition can be an imperative determinant of phytoremediation capability. In the present study we have assessed the bacterial community structure in the rhizoplane of wetland plants, Acorus calamus, Typha latifolia, and Phragmites karka using Terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism technique. The most dominant phylum, in the plants under study, was phylum Firmicutes, followed by Proteobacteria and Actinobacteria. Bacterial groups belonging to phylum Chloroflexi, Acidobacteria, Deferribacteres and Thermotogae also showed their presence in P. karka and T. latifolia but were absent in A. calamus. Diversity indices of bacterial community were assessed. The results of this study show the presence of bacterial phyla which play an important role in bioremediation of contaminants. Thus these plants can be used as potential candidates of phytoremediation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanvi Singh
- Department of Zoology, University of Delhi, Delhi, India.
| | - Dileep K Singh
- Department of Zoology, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
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Rana V, Maiti SK. Metal Accumulation Strategies of Emergent Plants in Natural Wetland Ecosystems Contaminated with Coke-Oven Effluent. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol 2018; 101:55-60. [PMID: 29761304 DOI: 10.1007/s00128-018-2354-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2018] [Accepted: 05/08/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The release of industrial effluents into natural wetlands is a ubiquitous problem worldwide, and phytoremediation could be a viable option for treatment. The present study assessed metal accumulation strategies of three dominant emergent plants [Colocasia esculenta (L.) Schott, Scirpus grossus (L.) f., and Typha latifolia L.] growing in a wetland contaminated with coke-oven effluent. Metals concentration (mg kg-1) in wetland sediment followed the order Mn (408) > Cu (97) > Co (14.2) > Cr (14) > Cd (2.7). Plant tissues (root and shoot) showed metal-specific accumulation at different extents due to plant response against metal utility or toxicity. Bioconcentration factor (BCF) and translocation factor (TF) of metals in plants revealed Cd and Mn pollution could be remediated through phytoextraction (BCF > 1 and TF > 1); however, Co, Cu, and Cr pollution could be remediated through phytostabilization (BCF > 1 and TF < 1).
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Affiliation(s)
- Vivek Rana
- Restoration Ecology Laboratory, Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (Indian School of Mines), Dhanbad, Jharkhand, 826004, India
| | - Subodh Kumar Maiti
- Restoration Ecology Laboratory, Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (Indian School of Mines), Dhanbad, Jharkhand, 826004, India.
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James A, Singh DK, Khankhane PJ. Enhanced atrazine removal by hydrophyte-bacterium associations and in vitro screening of the isolates for their plant growth-promoting potential. Int J Phytoremediation 2018; 20:89-97. [PMID: 28598215 DOI: 10.1080/15226514.2017.1337068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Emergent hydrophytes Acorus calamus, Typha latifolia, and Phragmites karka and epiphytic root bacteria isolated from their rhizoplanes were exposed to atrazine (5 and 10 mg l-1) individually and in plant-bacterium combination for 15 days hydroponically. It was observed that A. calamus-Pseudomonas sp. strain, the ACB combination, was best in decontamination, showing 91% and 87% removal of 5 and 10 mg l-1 atrazine. Plant-bacterium association led to significant increase in atrazine decontamination as compared to decontamination by either plant or bacterium alone, indicating a synergistic action of the hydrophytes and isolates which led to enhanced atrazine removal. To the best of our knowledge this is the first report on the potential of plant-bacterium combinations for atrazine decontamination. The isolates showed augmented growth in the presence of plants and were able to alleviate atrazine stress in them. These isolates exhibited plant growth-promoting traits such as auxin, siderophore, Poly(3-hydroxybutyric acid)/succinogycan, ammonia, catalase production and solubilization of inorganic phosphate in vitro. The use of plant-bacterium mutualistic symbiosis for atrazine mitigation is a relatively simple, inexpensive, and clean technique and this phytoremediation-rhizoremediation combination is suggested to be tried on field to establish their potential for clean-up of contaminated sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anina James
- a Department of Zoology , University of Delhi , Delhi , India
| | - D K Singh
- a Department of Zoology , University of Delhi , Delhi , India
| | - P J Khankhane
- b Directorate of Weed Research , Jabalpur , Madhya Pradesh , India
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Bokhari SH, Mahmood-Ul-Hassan M, Riaz Y, Munir A, Ali Z. Baseline water quality of municipal ponds and metal removal ability of Typha latifolia L. from sewage and industrial wastewaters. Int J Phytoremediation 2017; 19:1077-1084. [PMID: 28678606 DOI: 10.1080/15226514.2017.1328387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Municipal effluent of three rural settings of Islamabad was assessed for physicochemical and microbiological parameters by collecting wastewater from inlet and center of ponds. Results showed that water quality was comparatively better at the center as Typha latifolia plants were growing toward the center of ponds. In another study, the wastewater treatment ability of T. latifolia was investigated by growing them in industrial and municipal effluent under greenhouse conditions. Water and plant samples were collected periodically (3rd, 10th, 17th, 24th, and 31st day after transplanting) for the measurement of Pb, Cu, and Cd concentrations. A decrease in heavy metal concentration of both effluents was observed as the experiment progressed and metal removal percentages ranged between 81% and 96%. Complementary the increase in metal concentration in plant tissues was observed over experimental period. Among plant tissues, metal concentration of Pb was highest i.e. 362 mg kg-1 in roots and 313 mg kg-1 in shoots at end of experiment. Pb, Cu, and Cd concentrations were higher in roots than shoots and hence translocation factors were less than 1.0. Metal removal efficiency was better from industrial wastewater and was in order of Pb > Cu > Cd. T. latifolia can be used for remediation of heavy metal-polluted wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syeda Huma Bokhari
- a National Institute of Bioremediation , Department of Plant and Environmental Protection , National Agricultural Research Centre , Islamabad , Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Mahmood-Ul-Hassan
- b Department of Natural Resource Management , National Agricultural Research Centre , Islamabad , Pakistan
| | - Yousaf Riaz
- a National Institute of Bioremediation , Department of Plant and Environmental Protection , National Agricultural Research Centre , Islamabad , Pakistan
| | - Anjum Munir
- a National Institute of Bioremediation , Department of Plant and Environmental Protection , National Agricultural Research Centre , Islamabad , Pakistan
- c PARC Institute of Advanced Studies in Agriculture, National Agricultural Research Centre , Islamabad , Pakistan
| | - Zeshan Ali
- a National Institute of Bioremediation , Department of Plant and Environmental Protection , National Agricultural Research Centre , Islamabad , Pakistan
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Ahmad MS, Mehmood MA, Taqvi STH, Elkamel A, Liu CG, Xu J, Rahimuddin SA, Gull M. Pyrolysis, kinetics analysis, thermodynamics parameters and reaction mechanism of Typha latifolia to evaluate its bioenergy potential. Bioresour Technol 2017; 245:491-501. [PMID: 28898849 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2017.08.162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2017] [Revised: 08/03/2017] [Accepted: 08/27/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
This work was focused on understanding the pyrolysis of Typha latifolia. Kinetics, thermodynamics parameters and pyrolysis reaction mechanism were studied using thermogravimetric data. Based on activation energies and conversion points, two regions of pyrolysis were established. Region-I occurred between the conversion rate 0.1-0.4 with peak temperatures 538K, 555K, 556K at the heating rates of 10Kmin-1, 30Kmin-1, and 50Kmin-1, respectively. Similarly, the Region-II occurred between 0.4 and 0.8 with peak temperatures of 606K, 621K, 623K at same heating rates. The best model was diffusion mechanism in Region-I. In Region-II, the reaction order was shown to be 2nd and 3rd. The values of activation energy calculated using FWO and KAS methods (134-204kJmol-1) remained same in both regions reflecting that the best reaction mechanism was predicted. Kinetics and thermodynamic parameters including E, ΔH, ΔS, ΔG shown that T. latifolia biomass is a remarkable feedstock for bioenergy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Sajjad Ahmad
- Bioenergy Research Center, Department of Bioinformatics and Biotechnology, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan; Chemical Engineering Department, University of Waterloo, Ontario, Canada
| | - Muhammad Aamer Mehmood
- College of Bioengineering, Sichuan University of Science and Engineering, Zigong 643000, China; Bioenergy Research Center, Department of Bioinformatics and Biotechnology, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan.
| | | | - Ali Elkamel
- Chemical Engineering Department, University of Waterloo, Ontario, Canada
| | - Chen-Guang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Jianren Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | | | - Munazza Gull
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21551, Saudi Arabia
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Shingare RP, Nanekar SV, Thawale PR, Karthik R, Juwarkar AA. Comparative study on removal of enteric pathogens from domestic wastewater using Typha latifolia and Cyperus rotundus along with different substrates. Int J Phytoremediation 2017; 19:899-908. [PMID: 28318301 DOI: 10.1080/15226514.2017.1303809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
A comparative study was carried out to evaluate the efficiency of different substrate materials along with macrophytes Typha latifolia and Cyperus rotundus in treating domestic wastewater intended for reuse in agriculture. The study was conducted over a period of 6 months with different retention times, and observations were taken twice per month. One-way analysis of variance and Tukey's Honest Significant Difference (HSD) tests were used to determine statistical significant differences between experimental columns. Treatment with T. latifolia planted in sand and mix substrate with 4-day retention time remarkably reduced the concentration of all bacterial pathogens. Log reductions observed were approximately 5.01 and 4.82 for total coliform (TC), 4.46 and 3.93 for Escherichia coli, and 5.52 and 5.48 for Shigella, respectively. Moreover, these treatments were also efficient in completely removing fecal coliform (FC) and Salmonella.Maximum parasites were removed by the treatment having sand alone as a substrate containing C. rotundus, but the difference was not significant from those planted with T. latifolia in the same substrate. The results suggest that T. latifolia aids in bacterial pathogens removal, while C. rotundus aids in parasites removal. Thus, wastewater treatment through constructed wetland having mix plantation of these species along with sand can eliminate some of the major enteric pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rita P Shingare
- a Ecosystem Division , CSIR-National Environmental Engineering Research Institute , Nagpur , Maharashtra , India
| | - Sneha V Nanekar
- a Ecosystem Division , CSIR-National Environmental Engineering Research Institute , Nagpur , Maharashtra , India
| | - Prashant R Thawale
- a Ecosystem Division , CSIR-National Environmental Engineering Research Institute , Nagpur , Maharashtra , India
| | - R Karthik
- a Ecosystem Division , CSIR-National Environmental Engineering Research Institute , Nagpur , Maharashtra , India
| | - Asha A Juwarkar
- a Ecosystem Division , CSIR-National Environmental Engineering Research Institute , Nagpur , Maharashtra , India
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Leung HM, Duzgoren-Aydin NS, Au CK, Krupanidhi S, Fung KY, Cheung KC, Wong YK, Peng XL, Ye ZH, Yung KKL, Tsui MTK. Monitoring and assessment of heavy metal contamination in a constructed wetland in Shaoguan (Guangdong Province, China): bioaccumulation of Pb, Zn, Cu and Cd in aquatic and terrestrial components. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2017; 24:9079-9088. [PMID: 27164879 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-016-6756-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2015] [Accepted: 04/25/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this study is to evaluate the current status of heavy metal concentrations in constructed wetland, Shaoguan (Guangdong, China). Sediments, three wetland plants (Typha latifolia, Phragmites australis, and Cyperus malaccensis), and six freshwater fish species [Carassius auratus (Goldfish), Cirrhinus molitorella (Mud carp), Ctenopharyngodon idellus (Grass carp), Cyprinus carpio (Wild common carp), Nicholsicypris normalis (Mandarin fish), Sarcocheilichthys kiangsiensis (Minnows)] in a constructed wetland in Shaoguan were collected and analyzed for their heavy metal compositions. Levels of Pb, Zn, Cu, and Cd in sediments exceeded approximately 532, 285, 11, and 66 times of the Dutch Intervention value. From the current study, the concentrations of Pb and Zn in three plants were generally high, especially in root tissues. For fish, concentrations of all studied metals in whole body of N. mormalis were the highest among all the fishes investigated (Pb 113.4 mg/kg, dw; Zn 183.1 mg/kg, dw; Cu 19.41 mg/kg, dw; 0.846 mg/kg, dw). Heavy metal accumulation in different ecological compartments was analyzed by principle component analysis (PCA), and there is one majority of grouped heavy metals concentration as similar in composition of ecological compartment, with the Cd concentration quite dissimilar. In relation to future prospect, phytoremediation technology for enhanced heavy metal accumulation by constructed wetland is still in early stage and needs more attention in gene manipulation area.
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Affiliation(s)
- H M Leung
- Department of Biology, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, SAR, China
- Department of History, Hong Kong Shue Yan University, Hong Kong, SAR, China
- Upper Iowa University, 605 Washington St, Fayette, IA, 52142, USA
| | - N S Duzgoren-Aydin
- Department of Geoscience & Geography, New Jersey City University, Jersey City, NJ, 07305, USA
| | - C K Au
- Department of History, Hong Kong Shue Yan University, Hong Kong, SAR, China
| | - S Krupanidhi
- Department of Biotechnology, Vignan's University (VFSTRU), Vadlamudi, 522213, India
| | - K Y Fung
- Department of Biology, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, SAR, China
| | - K C Cheung
- Institute of Vocational Education, Hong Kong Vocational Training Council, Hong Kong, SAR, China
| | - Y K Wong
- School of Science and Technology, The Open University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, China
| | - X L Peng
- Division of Science and Technology, United International College, Beijing Normal University-Hong Kong Baptist University, E-407A, 28 Jinfeng Road, Tangjiawan, Zhuhai, GD, 519085, China
| | - Z H Ye
- State Key Lab of Biocontrol, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China.
- School of Life Science, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China.
| | - K K L Yung
- Department of Biology, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, SAR, China.
| | - M T K Tsui
- Department of Biology, University of North Carolina, Greensboro, NC, 27402, USA.
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Rodriguez-Hernandez MC, García De la-Cruz RF, Leyva E, Navarro-Tovar G. Typha latifolia as potential phytoremediator of 2,4-dichlorophenol: Analysis of tolerance, uptake and possible transformation processes. Chemosphere 2017; 173:190-198. [PMID: 28110008 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2016.12.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2016] [Revised: 11/17/2016] [Accepted: 12/09/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
2,4-Dichlorophenol (2,4-DCP) is considered a priority pollutant due to its high toxicity. Therefore, it is urgent to develop technologies for the disposal of this pollutant. Various remediation processes have been proposed for the elimination of 2,4-DCP in contaminated water, however, most of them involve high costs of operation and maintenance. This study aimed to determine the capacity of remediation of 2,4-DCP in water by Typha latifolia L. wild plants. For that, the tolerance, removal, accumulation and biotransformation of 2,4-DCP by T. latifolia were investigated. The plants were exposed to 2,4-DCP solutions with a concentration range from 1.5 to 300 mgL-1 for 10 days. They exhibited a reduction in chlorophyll levels and growth rate when 2,4-DCP solutions were ≥30 mgL-1 and ≥50 mgL-1, respectively. The removal of contaminant was dose-depended, being 99.7% at 1.5-3 mgL-1, 59-70% at 10-70 mgL-1 and 35-42% at 100-300 mgL-1 of 2,4-DCP in the solution. Studies indicated that 2,4-DCP was mainly accumulated in root tissue rather than in shoot tissue. Acid hydrolysis of biomass extracts suggests 2,4-DCP bioconjugates formation in root tissue as a response mechanism. Additionally, an increment in glutathione S-transferase (GST) activity could indicate a 2,4-DCP conjugation with glutathione as a detoxification mechanism of T. latifolia.
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Affiliation(s)
- M C Rodriguez-Hernandez
- Plant Biochemistry Laboratory, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Av. Dr. Manuel Nava 6 Zona Universitaria, 78210, San Luis Potosí, Mexico
| | - R F García De la-Cruz
- Plant Biochemistry Laboratory, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Av. Dr. Manuel Nava 6 Zona Universitaria, 78210, San Luis Potosí, Mexico.
| | - E Leyva
- Organic Synthesis Laboratory, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Av. Dr. Manuel Nava 6 Zona Universitaria, 78210, San Luis Potosí, Mexico
| | - G Navarro-Tovar
- Recombinant Biopharmaceuticals Laboratory, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Av. Dr. Manuel Nava 6 Zona Universitaria, 78210, San Luis Potosí, Mexico
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Ben Salem Z, Laffray X, Al-Ashoor A, Ayadi H, Aleya L. Metals and metalloid bioconcentrations in the tissues of Typha latifolia grown in the four interconnected ponds of a domestic landfill site. J Environ Sci (China) 2017; 54:56-68. [PMID: 28391949 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2015.10.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2015] [Revised: 10/15/2015] [Accepted: 10/15/2015] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The uptake of metals in roots and their transfer to rhizomes and above-ground plant parts (stems, leaves) of cattails (Typha latifolia L.) were studied in leachates from a domestic landfill site (Etueffont, France) and treated in a natural lagooning system. Plant parts and corresponding water and sediment samples were taken at the inflow and outflow points of the four ponds at the beginning and at the end of the growing season. Concentrations of As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni and Zn in the different compartments were estimated and their removal efficiency assessed, reaching more than 90% for Fe, Mn and Ni in spring and fall as well in the water compartment. The above- and below-ground cattail biomass varied from 0.21 to 0.85, and 0.34 to 1.24kgdryweight/m2, respectively, the highest values being recorded in the fourth pond in spring 2011. The root system was the first site of accumulation before the rhizome, stem and leaves. The highest metal concentration was observed in roots from cattails growing at the inflow of the system's first pond. The trend in the average trace element concentrations in the cattail plant organs can generally be expressed as: Fe>Mn>As > Zn>Cr>Cu>Ni>Cd for both spring and fall. While T. latifolia removes trace elements efficiently from landfill leachates, attention should also be paid to the negative effects of these elements on plant growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zohra Ben Salem
- Bourgogne Franche-Comté University, Chrono-Environnement Laboratory, UMR CNRS 6249, F-25030 Besançon Cedex, France
| | - Xavier Laffray
- Bourgogne Franche-Comté University, Chrono-Environnement Laboratory, UMR CNRS 6249, F-25030 Besançon Cedex, France; Paris Est-Créteil University, IPE team, iEES Paris UMR 7618, F-94010 Créteil Cedex, France
| | - Ahmed Al-Ashoor
- Bourgogne Franche-Comté University, Chrono-Environnement Laboratory, UMR CNRS 6249, F-25030 Besançon Cedex, France; Thi Qar University, IQ-64001 Al Nasiriyah, Iraq
| | - Habib Ayadi
- Sfax University, LR/UR/05ES05 Biodiversity and Aquatic Ecosystem, BP 1171, CP 3000 Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Lotfi Aleya
- Bourgogne Franche-Comté University, Chrono-Environnement Laboratory, UMR CNRS 6249, F-25030 Besançon Cedex, France.
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García-Mercadoa HD, Fernándezb G, Garzón-Zúñigac MA, Durán-Domínguez-de-Bazúaa MDC. Remediation of mercury-polluted soils using artificial wetlands. Int J Phytoremediation 2017; 19:3-13. [PMID: 27484186 DOI: 10.1080/15226514.2016.1216074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Mexico's mercury mining industry is important for economic development, but has unfortunately contaminated soils due to open-air disposal. This case was seen at two sites in the municipality of Pinal de Amoles, State of Queretaro, Mexico. This paper presents an evaluation of mercury dynamics and biogeochemistry in two soils (mining waste soil) using ex-situ wetlands over 36 weeks. In soils sampled in two former mines of Pinal de Amoles, initial mercury concentrations were 424 ± 29 and 433 ± 12 mg kg-1 in La Lorena and San Jose, former mines, respectively. Typha latifolia and Phragmites australis were used and 20 reactors were constructed (with and without plants). The reactors were weekly amended with a nutrient solution (NPK), for each plant, at a pH of 5.0. For remediation using soils from San Jose 70-78% of mercury was removed in T. latifolia reactors and 76-82% in P. australis reactors, and for remediation of soils from La Lorena, mercury content was reduced by 55-71% using T. latifolia and 58-66% in P. australis reactors. Mercury emissions into the atmosphere were estimated to be 2-4 mg m-2 h-1 for both soils.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Georgina Fernándezb
- b UNAM, Facultad de Ingeniería, Edif. T , Ciudad Universitaria , México D.F. , México
| | - Marco Antonio Garzón-Zúñigac
- c Instituto Politécnico Nacional (IPN). Investigador Titular. Academia de Ciencias Ambientales, Centro Interdisciplinariol de Investigación para el Desarrollo Integral Regional (CIIDIR) Unidad Durango , Durango , Dgo. México
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von Rein I, Kayler ZE, Premke K, Gessler A. Desiccation of sediments affects assimilate transport within aquatic plants and carbon transfer to microorganisms. Plant Biol (Stuttg) 2016; 18:947-961. [PMID: 27465780 DOI: 10.1111/plb.12486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2016] [Accepted: 07/21/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
With the projected increase in drought duration and intensity in future, small water bodies, and especially the terrestrial-aquatic interfaces, will be subjected to longer dry periods with desiccation of the sediment. Drought effects on the plant-sediment microorganism carbon continuum may disrupt the tight linkage between plants and microbes which governs sediment carbon and nutrient cycling, thus having a potential negative impact on carbon sequestration of small freshwater ecosystems. However, research on drought effects on the plant-sediment carbon transfer in aquatic ecosystems is scarce. We therefore exposed two emergent aquatic macrophytes, Phragmites australis and Typha latifolia, to a month-long summer drought in a mesocosm experiment. We followed the fate of carbon from leaves to sediment microbial communities with 13 CO2 pulse labelling and microbial phospholipid-derived fatty acid (PLFA) analysis. We found that drought reduced the total amount of carbon allocated to stem tissues but did not delay the transport. We also observed an increase in accumulation of 13 C-labelled sugars in roots and found a reduced incorporation of 13 C into the PLFAs of sediment microorganisms. Drought induced a switch in plant carbon allocation priorities, where stems received less new assimilates leading to reduced starch reserves whilst roots were prioritised with new assimilates, suggesting their use for osmoregulation. There were indications that the reduced carbon transfer from roots to microorganisms was due to the reduction of microbial activity via direct drought effects rather than to a decrease in root exudation or exudate availability.
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Affiliation(s)
- I von Rein
- Institute for Landscape Biogeochemistry, Leibniz Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research (ZALF), Müncheberg, Germany.
| | - Z E Kayler
- Institute for Landscape Biogeochemistry, Leibniz Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research (ZALF), Müncheberg, Germany
- USDA Forest Service, Northern Research Station, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA, USA
| | - K Premke
- Institute for Landscape Biogeochemistry, Leibniz Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research (ZALF), Müncheberg, Germany
- Department of Chemical Analytics and Biogeochemistry, Leibniz-Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries, Berlin, Germany
| | - A Gessler
- Institute for Landscape Biogeochemistry, Leibniz Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research (ZALF), Müncheberg, Germany
- Berlin-Brandenburg Institute of Advanced Biodiversity Research (BBIB), Berlin, Germany
- Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research (WSL), Birmensdorf, Switzerland
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Kadaverugu R, Shingare RP, Raghunathan K, Juwarkar AA, Thawale PR, Singh SK. The role of sand, marble chips and Typha latifolia in domestic wastewater treatment - a column study on constructed wetlands. Environ Technol 2016; 37:2508-2515. [PMID: 26878342 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2016.1153156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2015] [Accepted: 02/07/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The relative importance of sand, marble chips and wetland plant Typha latifolia is evaluated in constructed wetlands (CWs) for the treatment of domestic wastewater intended for reuse in agriculture. The prototype CWs for the experiments are realized in polyvinyl chloride columns, which are grouped into four treatments, viz. sand (<2 mm) + Typha latifolia (cattail), sand, marble chips (5-20 mm) + cattail and marble chips. The removal percentage of organic and nutritional pollutants from the wastewater is measured at varying hydraulic retention time in the columns. The statistical analysis suggests that the main effects of sand and cattail are found to be significant (p < .05) for the removal of biological oxygen demand and chemical oxygen demand from the wastewater. The presence of cattail significantly (p < .01) contributes to the conversion of total nitrogen in wastewater into [Formula: see text] by fostering the growth of favorable microbes for the nitrification. The removal of [Formula: see text] and turbidity from the wastewater is significantly (p < .01) influenced by sand than the presence of cattail. The maximum [Formula: see text] adsorption capacity of the sand is estimated to be 2.5 mg/g. Marble chips have significantly (p < .01) influenced the removal of [Formula: see text]and its maximum removal capacity is estimated to be 9.3 mg/g. The negative correlation between the filter media biofilm and column hydraulic conductivity is also reported for all the treatments. Thus, the findings of this study elucidate the role of low-cost and easily available filter media and it will guide the environmental practitioners in designing cost-effective CWs for wastewater treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rakesh Kadaverugu
- a Ecosystem Division , CSIR-National Environmental Engineering Research Institute , Nagpur , India
| | - Rita P Shingare
- a Ecosystem Division , CSIR-National Environmental Engineering Research Institute , Nagpur , India
| | - Karthik Raghunathan
- a Ecosystem Division , CSIR-National Environmental Engineering Research Institute , Nagpur , India
| | - Asha A Juwarkar
- a Ecosystem Division , CSIR-National Environmental Engineering Research Institute , Nagpur , India
| | - Prashant R Thawale
- a Ecosystem Division , CSIR-National Environmental Engineering Research Institute , Nagpur , India
| | - Sanjeev K Singh
- a Ecosystem Division , CSIR-National Environmental Engineering Research Institute , Nagpur , India
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Feng H, Qian Y, Gallagher FJ, Zhang W, Yu L, Liu C, Jones KW, Tappero R. Synchrotron micro-scale measurement of metal distributions in Phragmites australis and Typha latifolia root tissue from an urban brownfield site. J Environ Sci (China) 2016; 41:172-182. [PMID: 26969063 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2015.07.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2015] [Revised: 06/12/2015] [Accepted: 07/08/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Liberty State Park in New Jersey, USA, is a "brownfield" site containing various levels of contaminants. To investigate metal uptake and distributions in plants on the brownfield site, Phragmites australis and Typha latifolia were collected in Liberty State Park during the growing season (May-September) in 2011 at two sites with the high and low metal loads, respectively. The objective of this study was to understand the metal (Fe, Mn, Cu, Pb and Zn) concentration and spatial distributions in P. australis and T. latifolia root systems with micro-meter scale resolution using synchrotron X-ray microfluorescence (μXRF) and synchrotron X-ray computed microtomography (μCMT) techniques. The root structure measurement by synchrotron μCMT showed that high X-ray attenuation substance appeared in the epidermis. Synchrotron μXRF measurement showed that metal concentrations and distributions in the root cross-section between epidermis and vascular tissue were statistically different. Significant correlations were found between metals (Cu, Mn, Pb and Zn) and Fe in the epidermis, implying that metals were scavenged by Fe oxides. The results from this study suggest that the expression of metal transport and accumulation within the root systems may be element specific. The information derived from this study can improve our current knowledge of the wetland plant ecological function in brownfield remediation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Feng
- Department of Earth and Environmental Studies, Montclair State University, Montclair, NJ 07043, USA.
| | - Yu Qian
- Department of Earth and Environmental Studies, Montclair State University, Montclair, NJ 07043, USA
| | - Frank J Gallagher
- Urban Forestry Program, Department of Ecology, Evolution and Natural Resources, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA
| | - Weiguo Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Lizhong Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Changjun Liu
- Biological, Environmental and Climate Sciences Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA
| | - Keith W Jones
- Biological, Environmental and Climate Sciences Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA
| | - Ryan Tappero
- Photon Sciences Directorate, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA
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Nkemka VN, Gilroyed B, Yanke J, Gruninger R, Vedres D, McAllister T, Hao X. Bioaugmentation with an anaerobic fungus in a two-stage process for biohydrogen and biogas production using corn silage and cattail. Bioresour Technol 2015; 185:79-88. [PMID: 25755016 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2015.02.100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2014] [Revised: 02/12/2015] [Accepted: 02/24/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Bioaugmentation with an anaerobic fungus, Piromyces rhizinflata YM600, was evaluated in an anaerobic two-stage system digesting corn silage and cattail. Comparable methane yields of 328.8±16.8mLg(-1)VS and 295.4±14.5mLg(-1)VS and hydrogen yields of 59.4±4.1mLg(-1)VS and 55.6±6.7mLg(-1)VS were obtained for unaugmented and bioaugmented corn silage, respectively. Similar CH4 yields of 101.0±4.8mLg(-1)VS and 104±19.1mLg(-1)VS and a low H2 yield (<1mLg(-1)VS) were obtained for unaugmented and bioaugmented cattail, respectively. However, bioaugmentation resulted in an initial increase in CH4 and H2 production rates and also increased volatile fatty acid degradation rate for both substrates. Our study demonstrates the potential of bioaugmentation with anaerobic fungus for improving the digestibility of lignocellulose substrates for biogas and biohydrogen production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentine Nkongndem Nkemka
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Lethbridge Research Centre, 5403 1st Ave S. Lethbridge, Alberta T1J 4B1, Canada
| | - Brandon Gilroyed
- School of Environmental Sciences, University of Guelph Ridgetown Campus, Ridgetown, Ontario N0P 2C0, Canada
| | - Jay Yanke
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Lethbridge Research Centre, 5403 1st Ave S. Lethbridge, Alberta T1J 4B1, Canada
| | - Robert Gruninger
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Lethbridge Research Centre, 5403 1st Ave S. Lethbridge, Alberta T1J 4B1, Canada
| | - Darrell Vedres
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Lethbridge Research Centre, 5403 1st Ave S. Lethbridge, Alberta T1J 4B1, Canada
| | - Tim McAllister
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Lethbridge Research Centre, 5403 1st Ave S. Lethbridge, Alberta T1J 4B1, Canada
| | - Xiying Hao
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Lethbridge Research Centre, 5403 1st Ave S. Lethbridge, Alberta T1J 4B1, Canada.
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Strungaru SA, Nicoara M, Jitar O, Plavan G. Influence of urban activity in modifying water parameters, concentration and uptake of heavy metals in Typha latifolia L. into a river that crosses an industrial city. J Environ Health Sci Eng 2015; 13:5. [PMID: 25674352 PMCID: PMC4324655 DOI: 10.1186/s40201-015-0161-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2014] [Accepted: 01/20/2015] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Heavy metals like Cu, Cd, Pb, Ni, Co and Cr can naturally be found almost all over this planet in various amounts. Urban activities such as heavy metal industry, traffic and waste can rapidly increase the metal concentrations in a fresh water ecosystem. METHODS This study was done in natural conditions to capture as many aspects in heavy metals pollution and bioremediation of Nicolina River, Romania considered a stream model which is under anthropogenic pressure. Water, sediment and leaves samples of Typha latifolia L. were collected during October 2013 and analyzed in order to assess certain heavy metals (Cu, Cd, Pb, Ni, Co and Cr) from each sampling site using GF-HR-CS-AAS with platform. Heavy metals in significant concentrations in cattail samples were correlated with the water parameters to show the possibility to use the cattail leaves as indicators in heavy metals pollution with potential in bioremediation because they can be easily harvested in autumn and this species is spread worldwide. RESULTS The levels of metals concentrations in leaves were: Cu > Ni > Cr > Pb > Co knowing that copper is an essential element for plants. The sampling time was important to draw the river diagnosis for heavy metal pollution. The samples were collected, from river, after more than 60 days without rain same as a "human patient" prepared for blood test. Cobalt was considered the metal marker because it was an element with the lowest level of usage in the city. Compared with it only lead, cadmium and copper were used intensively in the industrial activities. CONCLUSIONS T. latifolia L. can be use as an indicator for the health of the studied stream and it was noticed that the heavy metals were not accumulated, although the metal uptake was influenced by sediments and water parameters. The alkalinity of the studied river acts as an inhibitor in the bioremediation process of cattail for cadmium and copper. Lead was uptake by leaves and the water parameters influenced it but it wasn't concentrated enough in leaves to propose this species in lead bioremediation process for Nicolina River.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan-Adrian Strungaru
- />Department of Biology, “Alexandru Ioan Cuza” University of Iasi, Faculty of Biology, 700505 Iasi, Romania
| | - Mircea Nicoara
- />Department of Biology, “Alexandru Ioan Cuza” University of Iasi, Faculty of Biology, 700505 Iasi, Romania
| | - Oana Jitar
- />Department of Environmental Engineering and Management, ”Gheorghe Asachi” Technical University of Iasi, 73, “Prof. Dr. D. Mangeron” Street, 700050 Iasi, Romania
| | - Gabriel Plavan
- />Department of Biology, “Alexandru Ioan Cuza” University of Iasi, Faculty of Biology, 700505 Iasi, Romania
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Chen Y, Wen Y, Zhou Q, Vymazal J. Effects of plant biomass on nitrogen transformation in subsurface-batch constructed wetlands: a stable isotope and mass balance assessment. Water Res 2014; 63:158-167. [PMID: 25000198 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2014.06.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2014] [Revised: 05/28/2014] [Accepted: 06/11/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Nitrate is commonly found in the influent of subsurface-batch constructed wetlands (SSB CWs) used for tertiary wastewater treatments. To understand the effects of plants and the litter on nitrate removal, as well as on nitrogen transformation in SSB CWs, six laboratory-scale SSB CW microcosms were set up in duplicate and were operated as batch systems with hydraulic residence time (HRT) of 5d. The presence of Typha latifolia enhanced nitrate removal in SSB CWs, and the N removed by plant uptake was mainly stored in aboveground biomass. Typha litter addition greatly improved nitrate removal in SSB CWs through continuous input of labile organic carbon, and calculated enrichment factors (ε) were between -12.1‰--13.9‰ from the nitrogen stable isotope analysis, suggesting that denitrification plays a dominant role in the N removal. Most significantly, simultaneous sulfur-based autotrophic and heterotrophic denitrification was observed in CWs. Finally, mass balance showed that denitrification, sedimentation burial and plant uptake respectively contributed 54%-94%, 1%-46% and 7.5%-14.3% to the N removal in CWs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Chen
- Key Laboratory of Yangtze Water Environment of Ministry of the State Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, PR China; Department of Landscape Ecology, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, 16521 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Yue Wen
- Key Laboratory of Yangtze Water Environment of Ministry of the State Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, PR China.
| | - Qi Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Yangtze Water Environment of Ministry of the State Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, PR China
| | - Jan Vymazal
- Department of Landscape Ecology, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, 16521 Prague 6, Czech Republic
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Chen Y, Wen Y, Zhou Q, Vymazal J. Effects of plant biomass on denitrifying genes in subsurface-flow constructed wetlands. Bioresour Technol 2014; 157:341-345. [PMID: 24565872 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2014.01.137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2013] [Revised: 01/20/2014] [Accepted: 01/24/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The effect of Typha latifolia and its litter on density and abundance of three denitrifying genes (nirS, nirK and nosZ) were investigated in six laboratory-scale SSF CW microcosms. Results showed that the copy numbers of nirS, nirK and nosZ in wetland microcosms were ranged between 10(8)-10(9), 10(6)-10(7) and 10(7)-10(8) copies g(-1), respectively. The presence of T. latifolia encouraged the growth of nirK containing bacteria. Addition of cattail litter could greatly stimulate the growth of bacteria containing nirS and nosZ gene. Path analysis illustrated that the presence of plants and litters had no significant direct impact on denitrifying genes, while it affected the denitrifying genes via alteration of dissolved oxygen and carbon sources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Chen
- Key Laboratory of Yangtze Water Environment of Ministry of the State Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, PR China; Department of Applied Ecology, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, 16521 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Yue Wen
- Key Laboratory of Yangtze Water Environment of Ministry of the State Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, PR China
| | - Qi Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Yangtze Water Environment of Ministry of the State Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, PR China
| | - Jan Vymazal
- Department of Applied Ecology, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, 16521 Prague 6, Czech Republic.
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Chen Y, Wen Y, Tang Z, Li L, Cai Y, Zhou Q. Removal processes of disinfection byproducts in subsurface-flow constructed wetlands treating secondary effluent. Water Res 2014; 51:163-171. [PMID: 24440896 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2013.12.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2013] [Revised: 11/26/2013] [Accepted: 12/19/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The removal efficiencies and the kinetics of disinfection byproducts (DBPs) were studied in six greenhouse laboratory-scale SSF CWs. Cattail (Typha latifolia) and its litter (collected from the aboveground samples of cattail in autumn) were used as a potential phytoremediation technology and as a primary substrate, respectively, for DBP removal. Results showed that most of the 11 DBPs (except chloroform and 1, 1-dichloropropanone) were efficiently removed (>90%) in six SSF CWs with hydraulic retention time of 5 d and there were no significant differences among the systems. Under the batch mode, the removal of DBPs in SSF CWs followed first-order kinetics with half-lives of 1.0-770.2 h. As a primary DBP in wastewater effluent, removal efficiencies for chloroform were higher in planted systems than in unplanted ones and plant uptake accounted for more than 23.8% of the removal. Plant litter greatly enhanced the removal of trihalomethanes (THMs) by supplying primary substrates and reducing conditions, and the formation of dichloromethane supported the anaerobic biodegradation of THMs via reductive dechlorination in SSF CWs. Trichloroacetonitrile was completely removed within 10 h in each system and hydrolysis was considered to be the dominant process as there was a rapid formation of the hydrolysis byproduct, trichloroacetamide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Chen
- Key Laboratory of Yangtze Water Environment of Ministry of the State Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, PR China; Department of Landscape Ecology, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague 16521, Czech Republic
| | - Yue Wen
- Key Laboratory of Yangtze Water Environment of Ministry of the State Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, PR China.
| | - Zhiru Tang
- Key Laboratory of Yangtze Water Environment of Ministry of the State Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, PR China
| | - Ling Li
- Key Laboratory of Yangtze Water Environment of Ministry of the State Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, PR China
| | - Yanlong Cai
- Key Laboratory of Yangtze Water Environment of Ministry of the State Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, PR China
| | - Qi Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Yangtze Water Environment of Ministry of the State Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, PR China
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Ye ZH, Baker AJM, Wong MH, Willis AJ. Copper and nickel uptake, accumulation and tolerance in Typha latifolia with and without iron plaque on the root surface. New Phytol 1997; 136:481-488. [PMID: 33863014 DOI: 10.1046/j.1469-8137.1997.00758.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The effects of iron plaque on the growth of Typha latifolia L. and accumulation of copper and nickel in T. latifolia were investigated under laboratory conditions in nutrient solution cultures. Seedlings with and without iron plaque on their roots were exposed to 0.05 μg ml-1 Cu and 0.10 μg ml-1 Ni solutions for 72 d. The results showed no differences in root and shoot d. wt and leaf elongation when Cu or Ni were added to the solution and in the presence or absence of plaque. However, root length was reduced by Cu and Ni, and the reduction in root length was greater in the presence of plaque. Some Cu and Ni was adsorbed on root surfaces; roots with plaque took up more Cu, but less Ni than those without. The presence of plaque did not alter Cu uptake and translocation but increased Ni uptake and translocation. Most of the Cu and Ni taken up was retained in the roots, suggesting that the root tissue rather than the root surface or plaque is the main barrier for Cu and Ni transport. The results differ from those reported for other species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z H Ye
- Department of Animal and Plant Sciences, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, S. Yorks, S10 2TN, UK
| | - A J M Baker
- Department of Animal and Plant Sciences, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, S. Yorks, S10 2TN, UK
| | - M H Wong
- Department of Biology, Hong Kong Baptist University, 224 Waterloo Rd, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong
| | - A J Willis
- Department of Animal and Plant Sciences, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, S. Yorks, S10 2TN, UK
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Abstract
Zinc, lead and cadmium tolerance in four populations of Typha latifolia raised from seed collected from metal-contaminated and uncontaminated sites were investigated. Metal concentrations in natural plant populations showed that Zn, Pb and Cd in the leaves were maintained at low levels (Zn: 22-122, Pb: 4.7-40 and Cd: 0.2-0.8 μg g-1 d. wt), although concentrations of these metals in the associated soil-sediments (total concentrations of Zn: 86-3009, Pb: 26-18894 and Cd: 1.4-26 μg-1 d. wt) and in the roots (Zn: 46-946, Pb: 25-3628 and Cd: 1.0-17 μg g-1 d. wt) varied widely. Some differences were found between metal-contaminated and uncontaminated populations in terms of metal uptake under controlled conditions. Seedlings from metal-contaminated populations accumulated considerably more metals (up to nearly twice as much Zn and Pb and three times as much Cd) in roots than the uncontaminated population in a pot trial. In general, however, different populations of T. latifolia showed similar growth responses (the longest leaf elongation, the longest root elongation, shoot and root d. wt), metal uptake and indices of metal tolerance when seedlings were grown in the same metal treatment solutions or in the same metal-contaminated media under laboratory conditions. The data do not support the hypothesis that populations from metal-contaminated sites have evolved tolerance to Zn, Pb and Cd, but rather that T. latifolia shows constitutional tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z H Ye
- Department of Animal and Plant Sciences, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, S. Yorks, S10 2TN, UK
| | - A J M Baker
- Department of Animal and Plant Sciences, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, S. Yorks, S10 2TN, UK
| | - M H Wong
- Department of Biology, Hong Kong Baptist University, 224 Waterloo Rd, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong
| | - A J Willis
- Department of Animal and Plant Sciences, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, S. Yorks, S10 2TN, UK
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Abstract
An inorganic pyrophosphatase was purified about 3,800-fold from the pollen of Typha latifolia by chromatography on DEAE-Sephadex A-50, isoelectric focusing and gel filtration through Sephadex G-75. The enzyme had an optimum pH between 8.5-9.5 and required Mg(2+). Since an excess of pyrophosphate over Mg(2+) inhibited the pyrophosphatase reaction, the actual substrate may have been an Mg-pyrophosphate complex. The enzyme degraded inorganic pyrophosphate specifically, showing a Km value of 7.6 × 10(-5) m. A possible role of pyrophosphatase was discussed in connection with starch-sucrose conversion.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Hara
- Laboratory of Biological Chemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, Meijo University, Tenpaku-ku, Nagoya 468, Japan
| | - K Kawamoto
- Laboratory of Biological Chemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, Meijo University, Tenpaku-ku, Nagoya 468, Japan
| | - T Funaguma
- Laboratory of Biological Chemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, Meijo University, Tenpaku-ku, Nagoya 468, Japan
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