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Tebbe J, Havenstein K, Forcada J, Tiedemann R, Caspers B, Hoffman JI. No evidence for a role of MHC class II genotype in the chemical encoding of heterozygosity and relatedness in Antarctic fur seals. Proc Biol Sci 2024; 291:20232519. [PMID: 38503331 PMCID: PMC10950461 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2023.2519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Despite decades of research, surprisingly little is known about the mechanism(s) by which an individual's genotype is encoded in odour. Many studies have focused on the role of the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) owing to its importance for survival and mate choice. However, the salience of MHC-mediated odours compared to chemicals influenced by the rest of the genome remains unclear, especially in wild populations where it is challenging to quantify and control for the effects of the genomic background. We addressed this issue in Antarctic fur seals by analysing skin swabs together with full-length MHC DQB II exon 2 sequences and data from 41 genome-wide distributed microsatellites. We did not find any effects of MHC relatedness on chemical similarity and there was also no relationship between MHC heterozygosity and chemical diversity. However, multilocus heterozygosity showed a significant positive association with chemical diversity, even after controlling for MHC heterozygosity. Our results appear to rule out a dominant role of the MHC in the chemical encoding of genetic information in a wild vertebrate population and highlight the need for genome-wide approaches to elucidate the mechanism(s) and specific genes underlying genotype-odour associations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonas Tebbe
- Department of Evolutionary Population Genetics, Faculty of Biology, Bielefeld University, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany
- Department of Behavioural Ecology, Bielefeld University, 33501 Bielefeld, Germany
- Department of Animal Behaviour, Bielefeld University, 33501 Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Katja Havenstein
- Unit of Evolutionary Biology / Systematic Zoology, Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, University of Potsdam, Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - Jaume Forcada
- British Antarctic Survey, High Cross, Madingley Road, Cambridge CB3 OET, UK
| | - Ralph Tiedemann
- Unit of Evolutionary Biology / Systematic Zoology, Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, University of Potsdam, Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - Barbara Caspers
- Department of Behavioural Ecology, Bielefeld University, 33501 Bielefeld, Germany
- Joint Institute for Individualisation in a Changing Environment (JICE), Bielefeld University and University of Münster, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Joseph I. Hoffman
- Department of Evolutionary Population Genetics, Faculty of Biology, Bielefeld University, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany
- Department of Animal Behaviour, Bielefeld University, 33501 Bielefeld, Germany
- British Antarctic Survey, High Cross, Madingley Road, Cambridge CB3 OET, UK
- Joint Institute for Individualisation in a Changing Environment (JICE), Bielefeld University and University of Münster, Bielefeld, Germany
- Center for Biotechnology (CeBiTec), Faculty of Biology, Bielefeld University, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany
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2
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Amen R, Havenstein K, Kirschbaum F, Tiedemann R. Diet in phenotypically divergent sympatric species of African weakly electric fish (genus: Campylomormyrus)-A hybrid capture/HTS metabarcoding approach. Mol Ecol 2024; 33:e17248. [PMID: 38126927 DOI: 10.1111/mec.17248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 12/02/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Ecological speciation within the mormyrid genus Campylomormyrus resulted in sympatric species exhibiting divergence in their feeding apparatus and electric organ discharge (EOD). This study documents the overall diet of the genus Campylomormyrus and examines the hypothesis that the Campylomormyrus radiation is caused by adaptation to different food sources. We performed diet assessment of five sympatric Campylomormyrus species (C. alces, C. compressirostris, C. curvirostris, C. tshokwe, C. numenius) and their sister taxon Gnathonemus petersii with markedly different snout morphologies and EODs using hybrid capture/HTS DNA metabarcoding of their stomach contents. Our approach allowed for high taxonomic resolution of prey items, including benthic invertebrates, allochthonous invertebrates and vegetation. Comparisons of the diet compositions using quantitative measures and diet overlap indices revealed that all species are able to exploit multiple food niches in their habitats, that is fauna at the bottom, the water surface and the water column. A major part of the diet is larvae of aquatic insects, such as dipterans, coleopterans and trichopterans, known to occur in holes and interstitial spaces of the substrate. The results indicate that different snout morphologies and the associated divergence in the EOD could translate into different prey spectra. This suggests that the diversification in EOD and/or morphology of the feeding apparatus could be under functional adaptation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahma Amen
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Aswan University, Aswan, Egypt
| | - Katja Havenstein
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Frank Kirschbaum
- Albrecht Daniel Thaer-Institute of Agricultural and Horticultural Sciences, Humboldt University of Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ralph Tiedemann
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
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3
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Cheng F, Dennis AB, Baumann O, Kirschbaum F, Abdelilah-Seyfried S, Tiedemann R. Gene and Allele-Specific Expression Underlying the Electric Signal Divergence in African Weakly Electric Fish. Mol Biol Evol 2024; 41:msae021. [PMID: 38410843 PMCID: PMC10897887 DOI: 10.1093/molbev/msae021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024] Open
Abstract
In the African weakly electric fish genus Campylomormyrus, electric organ discharge signals are strikingly different in shape and duration among closely related species, contribute to prezygotic isolation, and may have triggered an adaptive radiation. We performed mRNA sequencing on electric organs and skeletal muscles (from which the electric organs derive) from 3 species with short (0.4 ms), medium (5 ms), and long (40 ms) electric organ discharges and 2 different cross-species hybrids. We identified 1,444 upregulated genes in electric organ shared by all 5 species/hybrid cohorts, rendering them candidate genes for electric organ-specific properties in Campylomormyrus. We further identified several candidate genes, including KCNJ2 and KLF5, and their upregulation may contribute to increased electric organ discharge duration. Hybrids between a short (Campylomormyrus compressirostris) and a long (Campylomormyrus rhynchophorus) discharging species exhibit electric organ discharges of intermediate duration and showed imbalanced expression of KCNJ2 alleles, pointing toward a cis-regulatory difference at this locus, relative to electric organ discharge duration. KLF5 is a transcription factor potentially balancing potassium channel gene expression, a crucial process for the formation of an electric organ discharge. Unraveling the genetic basis of the species-specific modulation of the electric organ discharge in Campylomormyrus is crucial for understanding the adaptive radiation of this emerging model taxon of ecological (perhaps even sympatric) speciation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Cheng
- Unit of Evolutionary Biology/Systematic Zoology, Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Alice B Dennis
- Unit of Evolutionary Biology/Systematic Zoology, Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
- Laboratory of Adaptive Evolution and Genomics, Research Unit of Environmental and Evolutionary Biology, Institute of Life, Earth & Environment, University of Namur, Namur, Belgium
| | - Otto Baumann
- Department of Animal Physiology, Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Frank Kirschbaum
- Unit of Evolutionary Biology/Systematic Zoology, Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
- Department of Crop and Animal Science, Faculty of Life Sciences, Humboldt University, Berlin, Germany
| | - Salim Abdelilah-Seyfried
- Department of Animal Physiology, Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Ralph Tiedemann
- Unit of Evolutionary Biology/Systematic Zoology, Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
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4
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Kiemel K, Weithoff G, Tiedemann R. DNA metabarcoding reveals impact of local recruitment, dispersal, and hydroperiod on assembly of a zooplankton metacommunity. Mol Ecol 2023; 32:6190-6209. [PMID: 35869804 DOI: 10.1111/mec.16627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Revised: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the environmental impact on the assembly of local communities in relation to their spatial and temporal connectivity is still a challenge in metacommunity ecology. This study aims to unravel underlying metacommunity processes and environmental factors that result in observed zooplankton communities. Unlike most metacommunity studies, we jointly examine active and dormant zooplankton communities using a DNA metabarcoding approach to overcome limitations of morphological species identification. We applied two-fragment (COI and 18S) metabarcoding to monitor communities of 24 kettle holes over a two-year period to unravel (i) spatial and temporal connectivity of the communities, (ii) environmental factors influencing local communities, and (iii) dominant underlying metacommunity processes in this system. We found a strong separation of zooplankton communities from kettle holes of different hydroperiods (degree of permanency) throughout the season, while the community composition within single kettle holes did not differ between years. Species richness was primarily dependent on pH and permanency, while species diversity (Shannon Index) was influenced by kettle hole location. Community composition was impacted by kettle hole size and surrounding field crops. Environmental processes dominated temporal and spatial processes. Sediment communities showed a different composition compared to water samples but did not differ between ephemeral and permanent kettle holes. Our results suggest that communities are mainly structured by environmental filtering based on pH, kettle hole size, surrounding field crops, and permanency. Environmental filtering based on specific conditions in individual kettle holes seems to be the dominant process in community assembly in the studied zooplankton metacommunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katrin Kiemel
- Unit of Evolutionary Biology/Systematic Zoology, Institute for Biochemistry and Biology, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Guntram Weithoff
- Unit of Ecology and Ecosystem Modelling, Institute for Biochemistry and Biology, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Ralph Tiedemann
- Unit of Evolutionary Biology/Systematic Zoology, Institute for Biochemistry and Biology, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
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Celemín E, Autenrieth M, Roos A, Pawliczka I, Quintela M, Lindstrøm U, Benke H, Siebert U, Lockyer C, Berggren P, Özturk AA, Özturk B, Lesage V, Tiedemann R. Evolutionary history and seascape genomics of Harbour porpoises (Phocoena phocoena) across environmental gradients in the North Atlantic and adjacent waters. Mol Ecol Resour 2023. [PMID: 37681405 DOI: 10.1111/1755-0998.13860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Revised: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023]
Abstract
The Harbour porpoise (Phocoena phocoena) is a highly mobile cetacean species primarily occurring in coastal and shelf waters across the Northern hemisphere. It inhabits heterogeneous seascapes broadly varying in salinity and temperature. Here, we produced 74 whole genomes at intermediate coverage to study Harbour porpoise's evolutionary history and investigate the role of local adaptation in the diversification into subspecies and populations. We identified ~6 million high quality SNPs sampled at eight localities across the North Atlantic and adjacent waters, which we used for population structure, demographic and genotype-environment association analyses. Our results suggest a genetic differentiation between three subspecies (P.p. relicta, P.p. phocoena and P.p. meridionalis), and three distinct populations within P.p. phocoena: Atlantic, Belt Sea and Proper Baltic Sea. Effective population size and Tajima's D suggest population contraction in Black Sea and Iberian porpoises, but expansion in the P.p. phocoena populations. Phylogenetic trees indicate post-glacial colonization from a southern refugium. Genotype-environment association analysis identified salinity as major driver in genomic variation and we identified candidate genes putatively underlying adaptation to different salinity. Our study highlights the value of whole genome resequencing to unravel subtle population structure in highly mobile species, shows how strong environmental gradients and local adaptation may lead to population differentiation, and how neutral and adaptive markers can give different perspectives on population subdivision. The results have great conservation implications as we found inbreeding and low genetic diversity in the endangered Black Sea subspecies and identified the critically endangered Proper Baltic Sea porpoises as a separate population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enrique Celemín
- University of Potsdam, Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, Evolutionary Biology & Systematic Zoology, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Marijke Autenrieth
- University of Potsdam, Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, Evolutionary Biology & Systematic Zoology, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Anna Roos
- Swedish Museum of Natural History, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Iwona Pawliczka
- Prof. Krzysztof Skóra Hel Marine Station, Faculty of Oceanography and Geography, University of Gdansk, Hel, Poland
| | | | - Ulf Lindstrøm
- Institute of Marine Research, Tromsø, Norway
- UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | | | - Ursula Siebert
- Institute for Terrestrial and Aquatic Wildlife Research (ITAW), University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover Foundation, Büsum, Germany
| | | | - Per Berggren
- School of Natural and Environmental Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - A Amaha Özturk
- Marine Biology Department, Faculty of Fisheries, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Bayram Özturk
- Marine Biology Department, Faculty of Fisheries, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Véronique Lesage
- Fisheries and Oceans Canada, Maurice Lamontagne Institute, Mont-Joli, Quebec, Canada
| | - Ralph Tiedemann
- University of Potsdam, Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, Evolutionary Biology & Systematic Zoology, Potsdam, Germany
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Tomowski M, Lozada-Gobilard S, Jeltsch F, Tiedemann R. Recruitment and migration patterns reveal a key role for seed banks in the meta-population dynamics of an aquatic plant. Sci Rep 2023; 13:11269. [PMID: 37438408 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-37974-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 07/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Progressive habitat fragmentation threatens plant species with narrow habitat requirements. While local environmental conditions define population growth rates and recruitment success at the patch level, dispersal is critical for population viability at the landscape scale. Identifying the dynamics of plant meta-populations is often confounded by the uncertainty about soil-stored population compartments. We combined a landscape-scale assessment of an amphibious plant's population structure with measurements of dispersal complexity in time to track dispersal and putative shifts in functional connectivity. Using 13 microsatellite markers, we analyzed the genetic structure of extant Oenanthe aquatica populations and their soil seed banks in a kettle hole system to uncover hidden connectivity among populations in time and space. Considerable spatial genetic structure and isolation-by-distance suggest limited gene flow between sites. Spatial isolation and patch size showed minor effects on genetic diversity. Genetic similarity found among extant populations and their seed banks suggests increased local recruitment, despite some evidence of migration and recent colonization. Results indicate stepping-stone dispersal across adjacent populations. Among permanent and ephemeral demes the resulting meta-population demography could be determined by source-sink dynamics. Overall, these spatiotemporal connectivity patterns support mainland-island dynamics in our system, highlighting the importance of persistent seed banks as enduring sources of genetic diversity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maxi Tomowski
- Unit of Evolutionary Biology, Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
- Plant Ecology and Nature Conservation, Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
| | | | - Florian Jeltsch
- Plant Ecology and Nature Conservation, Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
- Berlin-Brandenburg Institute of Advanced Biodiversity Research (BBIB), Berlin, Germany
| | - Ralph Tiedemann
- Unit of Evolutionary Biology, Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany.
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7
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Cheng F, Dennis AB, Osuoha JI, Canitz J, Kirschbaum F, Tiedemann R. A new genome assembly of an African weakly electric fish (Campylomormyrus compressirostris, Mormyridae) indicates rapid gene family evolution in Osteoglossomorpha. BMC Genomics 2023; 24:129. [PMID: 36941548 PMCID: PMC10029256 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-023-09196-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Teleost fishes comprise more than half of the vertebrate species. Within teleosts, most phylogenies consider the split between Osteoglossomorpha and Euteleosteomorpha/Otomorpha as basal, preceded only by the derivation of the most primitive group of teleosts, the Elopomorpha. While Osteoglossomorpha are generally species poor, the taxon contains the African weakly electric fish (Mormyroidei), which have radiated into numerous species. Within the mormyrids, the genus Campylomormyrus is mostly endemic to the Congo Basin. Campylomormyrus serves as a model to understand mechanisms of adaptive radiation and ecological speciation, especially with regard to its highly diverse species-specific electric organ discharges (EOD). Currently, there are few well-annotated genomes available for electric fish in general and mormyrids in particular. Our study aims at producing a high-quality genome assembly and to use this to examine genome evolution in relation to other teleosts. This will facilitate further understanding of the evolution of the osteoglossomorpha fish in general and of electric fish in particular. RESULTS A high-quality weakly electric fish (C. compressirostris) genome was produced from a single individual with a genome size of 862 Mb, consisting of 1,497 contigs with an N50 of 1,399 kb and a GC-content of 43.69%. Gene predictions identified 34,492 protein-coding genes, which is a higher number than in the two other available Osteoglossomorpha genomes of Paramormyrops kingsleyae and Scleropages formosus. A Computational Analysis of gene Family Evolution (CAFE5) comparing 33 teleost fish genomes suggests an overall faster gene family turnover rate in Osteoglossomorpha than in Otomorpha and Euteleosteomorpha. Moreover, the ratios of expanded/contracted gene family numbers in Osteoglossomorpha are significantly higher than in the other two taxa, except for species that had undergone an additional genome duplication (Cyprinus carpio and Oncorhynchus mykiss). As potassium channel proteins are hypothesized to play a key role in EOD diversity among species, we put a special focus on them, and manually curated 16 Kv1 genes. We identified a tandem duplication in the KCNA7a gene in the genome of C. compressirostris. CONCLUSIONS We present the fourth genome of an electric fish and the third well-annotated genome for Osteoglossomorpha, enabling us to compare gene family evolution among major teleost lineages. Osteoglossomorpha appear to exhibit rapid gene family evolution, with more gene family expansions than contractions. The curated Kv1 gene family showed seven gene clusters, which is more than in other analyzed fish genomes outside Osteoglossomorpha. The KCNA7a, encoding for a potassium channel central for EOD production and modulation, is tandemly duplicated which may related to the diverse EOD observed among Campylomormyrus species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Cheng
- Unit of Evolutionary Biology and Systematic Zoology, Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Alice B Dennis
- Unit of Evolutionary Biology and Systematic Zoology, Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
- Laboratory of Adaptive Evolution and Genomics, Research Unit of Environmental and Evolutionary Biology, Institute of Life, Earth & Environnment, University of Namur, Namur, Belgium
| | - Josephine Ijeoma Osuoha
- Unit of Evolutionary Biology and Systematic Zoology, Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Julia Canitz
- Senckenberg German Entomological Institute, Müncheberg, Germany
| | - Frank Kirschbaum
- Unit of Evolutionary Biology and Systematic Zoology, Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
- Department of Crop and Animal Science, Faculty of Life Sciences, Humboldt University, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ralph Tiedemann
- Unit of Evolutionary Biology and Systematic Zoology, Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany.
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8
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Kiemel K, Gurke M, Paraskevopoulou S, Havenstein K, Weithoff G, Tiedemann R. Variation in heat shock protein 40 kDa relates to divergence in thermotolerance among cryptic rotifer species. Sci Rep 2022; 12:22626. [PMID: 36587065 PMCID: PMC9805463 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-27137-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 12/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Genetic divergence and the frequency of hybridization are central for defining species delimitations, especially among cryptic species where morphological differences are merely absent. Rotifers are known for their high cryptic diversity and therefore are ideal model organisms to investigate such patterns. Here, we used the recently resolved Brachionus calyciflorus species complex to investigate whether previously observed between species differences in thermotolerance and gene expression are also reflected in their genomic footprint. We identified a Heat Shock Protein gene (HSP 40 kDa) which exhibits cross species pronounced sequence variation. This gene exhibits species-specific fixed sites, alleles, and sites putatively under positive selection. These sites are located in protein binding regions involved in chaperoning and may therefore reflect adaptive diversification. By comparing three genetic markers (ITS, COI, HSP 40 kDa), we revealed hybridization events between the cryptic species. The low frequency of introgressive haplotypes/alleles suggest a tight, but not fully impermeable boundary between the cryptic species.
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Affiliation(s)
- K. Kiemel
- grid.11348.3f0000 0001 0942 1117Unit of Evolutionary Biology/Systematic Zoology, Institute for Biochemistry and Biology, University of Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht Straße 24-25, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
| | - M. Gurke
- grid.422371.10000 0001 2293 9957Museum für Naturkunde – Leibniz Institute for Evolution and Biodiversity Science, Invalidenstraße 43, 10115 Berlin, Germany ,grid.7468.d0000 0001 2248 7639Department of Biology, Humboldt-University, Invalidenstraße 42, 10115 Berlin, Germany
| | - S. Paraskevopoulou
- grid.4514.40000 0001 0930 2361Department of Biology, Lund University, Microbiology Group, Sölvegatan 35, 223 62 Lund, Sweden
| | - K. Havenstein
- grid.11348.3f0000 0001 0942 1117Unit of Evolutionary Biology/Systematic Zoology, Institute for Biochemistry and Biology, University of Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht Straße 24-25, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
| | - G. Weithoff
- grid.11348.3f0000 0001 0942 1117Unit of Ecology and Ecosystem Modelling, Institute for Biochemistry and Biology, University of Potsdam, Am Neuen Palais 10, 14469 Potsdam, Germany
| | - R. Tiedemann
- grid.11348.3f0000 0001 0942 1117Unit of Evolutionary Biology/Systematic Zoology, Institute for Biochemistry and Biology, University of Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht Straße 24-25, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
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9
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Foerster V, Asrat A, Bronk Ramsey C, Brown ET, Chapot MS, Deino A, Duesing W, Grove M, Hahn A, Junginger A, Kaboth-Bahr S, Lane CS, Opitz S, Noren A, Roberts HM, Stockhecke M, Tiedemann R, Vidal CM, Vogelsang R, Cohen AS, Lamb HF, Schaebitz F, Trauth MH. Pleistocene climate variability in eastern Africa influenced hominin evolution. Nat Geosci 2022; 15:805-811. [PMID: 36254302 PMCID: PMC9560894 DOI: 10.1038/s41561-022-01032-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2020] [Accepted: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Despite more than half a century of hominin fossil discoveries in eastern Africa, the regional environmental context of hominin evolution and dispersal is not well established due to the lack of continuous palaeoenvironmental records from one of the proven habitats of early human populations, particularly for the Pleistocene epoch. Here we present a 620,000-year environmental record from Chew Bahir, southern Ethiopia, which is proximal to key fossil sites. Our record documents the potential influence of different episodes of climatic variability on hominin biological and cultural transformation. The appearance of high anatomical diversity in hominin groups coincides with long-lasting and relatively stable humid conditions from ~620,000 to 275,000 years bp (episodes 1-6), interrupted by several abrupt and extreme hydroclimate perturbations. A pattern of pronounced climatic cyclicity transformed habitats during episodes 7-9 (~275,000-60,000 years bp), a crucial phase encompassing the gradual transition from Acheulean to Middle Stone Age technologies, the emergence of Homo sapiens in eastern Africa and key human social and cultural innovations. Those accumulative innovations plus the alignment of humid pulses between northeastern Africa and the eastern Mediterranean during high-frequency climate oscillations of episodes 10-12 (~60,000-10,000 years bp) could have facilitated the global dispersal of H. sapiens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Verena Foerster
- Institute of Geography Education, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Asfawossen Asrat
- Department of Mining and Geological Engineering, Botswana International University of Science and Technology, Palapye, Botswana
- School of Earth Sciences, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | | | - Erik T. Brown
- Large Lakes Observatory and Department of Earth & Environmental Sciences, University of Minnesota Duluth, Duluth, MN USA
| | - Melissa S. Chapot
- Department of Geography and Earth Sciences, Aberystwyth University, Aberystwyth, UK
| | - Alan Deino
- Berkeley Geochronology Center, Berkeley, CA USA
| | - Walter Duesing
- Institute of Geosciences, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Matthew Grove
- Department of Archaeology, Classics and Egyptology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Annette Hahn
- MARUM Center for Marine Environmental Sciences, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany
| | - Annett Junginger
- Department of Geoscience, Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- Senckenberg Centre for Human Evolution and Palaeoenvironment, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | | | | | - Stephan Opitz
- Institute for Geography, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Anders Noren
- LacCore/CSDCO, Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN USA
| | - Helen M. Roberts
- Department of Geography and Earth Sciences, Aberystwyth University, Aberystwyth, UK
| | - Mona Stockhecke
- Large Lakes Observatory and Department of Earth & Environmental Sciences, University of Minnesota Duluth, Duluth, MN USA
| | - Ralph Tiedemann
- Unit of Evolutionary Biology/Systematic Zoology, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Céline M. Vidal
- Department of Geography, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Ralf Vogelsang
- Institute of Prehistoric Archaeology, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Andrew S. Cohen
- Department of Geosciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ USA
| | - Henry F. Lamb
- Department of Geography and Earth Sciences, Aberystwyth University, Aberystwyth, UK
- Department of Botany, School of Natural Sciences, Trinity College, University of Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Frank Schaebitz
- Institute of Geography Education, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Martin H. Trauth
- Institute of Geosciences, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
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Kiemel K, De Cahsan B, Paraskevopoulou S, Weithoff G, Tiedemann R. Mitochondrial genomes of the freshwater monogonont rotifer Brachionus fernandoi and of two additional B. calyciflorus sensu stricto lineages from Germany and the USA (Rotifera, Brachionidae). Mitochondrial DNA B Resour 2022; 7:646-648. [PMID: 35478860 PMCID: PMC9037189 DOI: 10.1080/23802359.2022.2060765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- K. Kiemel
- Unit of Evolutionary Biology/Systematic Zoology, Institute for Biochemistry and Biology, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
| | - B. De Cahsan
- GLOBE Institute, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - S. Paraskevopoulou
- School of Zoology, George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - G. Weithoff
- Unit of Ecology and Ecosystem Modelling, Institute for Biochemistry and Biology, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
| | - R. Tiedemann
- Unit of Evolutionary Biology/Systematic Zoology, Institute for Biochemistry and Biology, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
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11
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Stiegler J, Kiemel K, Eccard J, Fischer C, Hering R, Ortmann S, Strigl L, Tiedemann R, Ullmann W, Blaum N. Seed traits matter-Endozoochoric dispersal through a pervasive mobile linker. Ecol Evol 2021; 11:18477-18491. [PMID: 35003686 PMCID: PMC8717309 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.8440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Revised: 11/11/2021] [Accepted: 11/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Although many plants are dispersed by wind and seeds can travel long distances across unsuitable matrix areas, a large proportion relies on co-evolved zoochorous seed dispersal to connect populations in isolated habitat islands. Particularly in agricultural landscapes, where remaining habitat patches are often very small and highly isolated, mobile linkers as zoochorous seed dispersers are critical for the population dynamics of numerous plant species. However, knowledge about the quali- or quantification of such mobile link processes, especially in agricultural landscapes, is still limited. In a controlled feeding experiment, we recorded the seed intake and germination success after complete digestion by the European brown hare (Lepus europaeus) and explored its mobile link potential as an endozoochoric seed disperser. Utilizing a suite of common, rare, and potentially invasive plant species, we disentangled the effects of seed morphological traits on germination success while controlling for phylogenetic relatedness. Further, we measured the landscape connectivity via hares in two contrasting agricultural landscapes (simple: few natural and semi-natural structures, large fields; complex: high amount of natural and semi-natural structures, small fields) using GPS-based movement data. With 34,710 seeds of 44 plant species fed, one of 200 seeds (0.51%) with seedlings of 33 species germinated from feces. Germination after complete digestion was positively related to denser seeds with comparatively small surface area and a relatively slender and elongated shape, suggesting that, for hares, the most critical seed characteristics for successful endozoochorous seed dispersal minimize exposure of the seed to the stomach and the associated digestive system. Furthermore, we could show that a hare's retention time is long enough to interconnect different habitats, especially grasslands and fields. Thus, besides other seed dispersal mechanisms, this most likely allows hares to act as effective mobile linkers contributing to ecosystem stability in times of agricultural intensification, not only in complex but also in simple landscapes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonas Stiegler
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, Plant Ecology and Nature ConservationUniversity of PotsdamPotsdamGermany
| | - Katrin Kiemel
- Institute of Biochemistry and BiologyEvolutionary Biology / Systematic ZoologyUniversity of PotsdamPotsdamGermany
| | - Jana Eccard
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, Animal EcologyUniversity of PotsdamPotsdamGermany
| | - Christina Fischer
- Department of Agriculture, Ecotrophology, and Landscape DevelopmentFaunistics and Wildlife ConservationAnhalt University of Applied SciencesBernburgGermany
| | - Robert Hering
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, Plant Ecology and Nature ConservationUniversity of PotsdamPotsdamGermany
| | - Sylvia Ortmann
- Leibniz Institute for Zoo and Wildlife Research (IZW)BerlinGermany
| | - Lea Strigl
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, Plant Ecology and Nature ConservationUniversity of PotsdamPotsdamGermany
| | - Ralph Tiedemann
- Institute of Biochemistry and BiologyEvolutionary Biology / Systematic ZoologyUniversity of PotsdamPotsdamGermany
| | - Wiebke Ullmann
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, Plant Ecology and Nature ConservationUniversity of PotsdamPotsdamGermany
| | - Niels Blaum
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, Plant Ecology and Nature ConservationUniversity of PotsdamPotsdamGermany
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12
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Spikes M, Rodríguez-Silva R, Bennett KA, Bräger S, Josaphat J, Torres-Pineda P, Ernst A, Havenstein K, Schlupp I, Tiedemann R. A phylogeny of the genus Limia (Teleostei: Poeciliidae) suggests a single-lake radiation nested in a Caribbean-wide allopatric speciation scenario. BMC Res Notes 2021; 14:425. [PMID: 34823576 PMCID: PMC8613956 DOI: 10.1186/s13104-021-05843-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The Caribbean is an important global biodiversity hotspot. Adaptive radiations there lead to many speciation events within a limited period and hence are particularly prominent biodiversity generators. A prime example are freshwater fish of the genus Limia, endemic to the Greater Antilles. Within Hispaniola, nine species have been described from a single isolated site, Lake Miragoâne, pointing towards extraordinary sympatric speciation. This study examines the evolutionary history of the Limia species in Lake Miragoâne, relative to their congeners throughout the Caribbean. RESULTS For 12 Limia species, we obtained almost complete sequences of the mitochondrial cytochrome b gene, a well-established marker for lower-level taxonomic relationships. We included sequences of six further Limia species from GenBank (total N = 18 species). Our phylogenies are in concordance with other published phylogenies of Limia. There is strong support that the species found in Lake Miragoâne in Haiti are monophyletic, confirming a recent local radiation. Within Lake Miragoâne, speciation is likely extremely recent, leading to incomplete lineage sorting in the mtDNA. Future studies using multiple unlinked genetic markers are needed to disentangle the relationships within the Lake Miragoâne clade.
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Affiliation(s)
- Montrai Spikes
- Unit of Evolutionary Biology/Systematic Zoology, Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, University of Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Straße 24-25, Haus 26, 14476, Potsdam, Germany.,Department of Biology, University of Oklahoma, 730 Van Vleet Oval, Norman, OK, 73019, USA
| | - Rodet Rodríguez-Silva
- Department of Biology, University of Oklahoma, 730 Van Vleet Oval, Norman, OK, 73019, USA
| | - Kerri-Ann Bennett
- Department of Life Sciences, The University of the West Indies (Mona Campus), Kingston, Jamaica
| | - Stefan Bräger
- German Oceanographic Museum (DMM), Katharinenberg 14-20, 18439, Stralsund, Germany
| | - James Josaphat
- Caribaea Intitiative and Université Des Antilles, Guadeloupe, Kingston, Jamaica
| | - Patricia Torres-Pineda
- Museo Nacional de Historia Natural Prof. "Eugenio de Jesús Marcano", Avenida Cesar Nicolás Penson, 10204, Santo Domingo, República Dominicana
| | - Anja Ernst
- Unit of Evolutionary Biology/Systematic Zoology, Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, University of Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Straße 24-25, Haus 26, 14476, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Katja Havenstein
- Unit of Evolutionary Biology/Systematic Zoology, Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, University of Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Straße 24-25, Haus 26, 14476, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Ingo Schlupp
- Unit of Evolutionary Biology/Systematic Zoology, Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, University of Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Straße 24-25, Haus 26, 14476, Potsdam, Germany.,Department of Biology, University of Oklahoma, 730 Van Vleet Oval, Norman, OK, 73019, USA
| | - Ralph Tiedemann
- Unit of Evolutionary Biology/Systematic Zoology, Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, University of Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Straße 24-25, Haus 26, 14476, Potsdam, Germany.
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13
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Nguyen L, Mamonekene V, Vater M, Bartsch P, Tiedemann R, Kirschbaum F. Correction to: Ontogeny of electric organ and electric organ discharge in Campylomormyrus rhynchophorus (Teleostei: Mormyridae). J Comp Physiol A Neuroethol Sens Neural Behav Physiol 2021; 208:349. [PMID: 34748068 PMCID: PMC8934782 DOI: 10.1007/s00359-021-01519-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Linh Nguyen
- Unit of Evolutionary Biology/Systematic Zoology, Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, University of Potsdam, Karl‑Liebknecht‑Str. 24‑25, Haus 26, 14476, Potsdam‑Golm, Germany.,Unit of Biology and Ecology of Fishes, Faculty of Life Sciences, Humboldt University of Berlin, Philippstr. 13, Haus 16, 10115, Berlin, Germany
| | - Victor Mamonekene
- Ecole Nationale Supérieure d'Agronomie Et de Foresterie, Université Marien Ngouabi, B.P. 69, Brazzaville, Republic of Congo
| | - Marianne Vater
- Unit of General Zoology, Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, University of Potsdam, Karl‑Liebknecht‑Str. 24‑25, Haus 26, 14476, Potsdam‑Golm, Germany
| | - Peter Bartsch
- Leibniz‑Institute for Evolution and Biodiversity Science, Museum fuer Naturkunde Berlin, Invalidenstr. 43, 10115, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ralph Tiedemann
- Unit of Evolutionary Biology/Systematic Zoology, Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, University of Potsdam, Karl‑Liebknecht‑Str. 24‑25, Haus 26, 14476, Potsdam‑Golm, Germany
| | - Frank Kirschbaum
- Unit of Biology and Ecology of Fishes, Faculty of Life Sciences, Humboldt University of Berlin, Philippstr. 13, Haus 16, 10115, Berlin, Germany.
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14
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Korniienko Y, Nguyen L, Baumgartner S, Vater M, Tiedemann R, Kirschbaum F. Correction to: Intragenus F1-hybrids of African weakly electric fish (Mormyridae: Campylomormyrus tamandua ♂ × C. compressirostris ♀) are fertile. J Comp Physiol A Neuroethol Sens Neural Behav Physiol 2021; 207:773. [PMID: 34657165 PMCID: PMC8568853 DOI: 10.1007/s00359-021-01513-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yevheniia Korniienko
- Faculty of Life Sciences, Albrecht Daniel Thaer-Institute of Agricultural and Horticultural Sciences, Unit of Biology and Ecology of Fishes, Humboldt University of Berlin, Philippstr. 13, Haus 16, 10115, Berlin, Germany
| | - Linh Nguyen
- Faculty of Life Sciences, Albrecht Daniel Thaer-Institute of Agricultural and Horticultural Sciences, Unit of Biology and Ecology of Fishes, Humboldt University of Berlin, Philippstr. 13, Haus 16, 10115, Berlin, Germany
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, Unit of Evolutionary Biology/Systematic Zoology, University of Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Str. 24-25, Haus 26, 14476, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Stephanie Baumgartner
- Faculty of Life Sciences, Albrecht Daniel Thaer-Institute of Agricultural and Horticultural Sciences, Unit of Biology and Ecology of Fishes, Humboldt University of Berlin, Philippstr. 13, Haus 16, 10115, Berlin, Germany
| | - Marianne Vater
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, Unit of General Zoology, University of Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Str. 24-25, Haus 26, 14476, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Ralph Tiedemann
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, Unit of Evolutionary Biology/Systematic Zoology, University of Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Str. 24-25, Haus 26, 14476, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Frank Kirschbaum
- Faculty of Life Sciences, Albrecht Daniel Thaer-Institute of Agricultural and Horticultural Sciences, Unit of Biology and Ecology of Fishes, Humboldt University of Berlin, Philippstr. 13, Haus 16, 10115, Berlin, Germany.
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15
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De Cahsan B, Kiemel K, Westbury MV, Lauritsen M, Autenrieth M, Gollmann G, Schweiger S, Stenberg M, Nyström P, Drews H, Tiedemann R. Southern introgression increases adaptive immune gene variability in northern range margin populations of Fire-bellied toad. Ecol Evol 2021; 11:9776-9790. [PMID: 34306661 PMCID: PMC8293767 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.7805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2021] [Revised: 05/14/2021] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Northern range margin populations of the European fire-bellied toad (Bombina bombina) have rapidly declined during recent decades. Extensive agricultural land use has fragmented the landscape, leading to habitat disruption and loss, as well as eutrophication of ponds. In Northern Germany (Schleswig-Holstein) and Southern Sweden (Skåne), this population decline resulted in decreased gene flow from surrounding populations, low genetic diversity, and a putative reduction in adaptive potential, leaving populations vulnerable to future environmental and climatic changes. Previous studies using mitochondrial control region and nuclear transcriptome-wide SNP data detected introgressive hybridization in multiple northern B. bombina populations after unreported release of toads from Austria. Here, we determine the impact of this introgression by comparing the body conditions (proxy for fitness) of introgressed and nonintrogressed populations and the genetic consequences in two candidate genes for putative local adaptation (the MHC II gene as part of the adaptive immune system and the stress response gene HSP70 kDa). We detected regional differences in body condition and observed significantly elevated levels of within individual MHC allele counts in introgressed Swedish populations, associated with a tendency toward higher body weight, relative to regional nonintrogressed populations. These differences were not observed among introgressed and nonintrogressed German populations. Genetic diversity in both MHC and HSP was generally lower in northern than Austrian populations. Our study sheds light on the potential benefits of translocations of more distantly related conspecifics as a means to increase adaptive genetic variability and fitness of genetically depauperate range margin populations without distortion of local adaptation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Binia De Cahsan
- Unit of Evolutionary Biology/Systematic ZoologyInstitute of Biochemistry and BiologyUniversity of PotsdamPotsdamGermany
- GLOBE InstituteUniversity of CopenhagenCopenhagenDenmark
| | - Katrin Kiemel
- Unit of Evolutionary Biology/Systematic ZoologyInstitute of Biochemistry and BiologyUniversity of PotsdamPotsdamGermany
| | | | - Maike Lauritsen
- Unit of Evolutionary Biology/Systematic ZoologyInstitute of Biochemistry and BiologyUniversity of PotsdamPotsdamGermany
| | - Marijke Autenrieth
- Unit of Evolutionary Biology/Systematic ZoologyInstitute of Biochemistry and BiologyUniversity of PotsdamPotsdamGermany
| | - Günter Gollmann
- Department of Evolutionary BiologyUniversity of ViennaViennaAustria
| | - Silke Schweiger
- Herpetological CollectionNatural History Museum ViennaViennaAustria
| | | | | | - Hauke Drews
- Stiftung Naturschutz Schleswig‐HolsteinMolfseeGermany
| | - Ralph Tiedemann
- Unit of Evolutionary Biology/Systematic ZoologyInstitute of Biochemistry and BiologyUniversity of PotsdamPotsdamGermany
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16
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De Cahsan B, Westbury MV, Paraskevopoulou S, Drews H, Ott M, Gollmann G, Tiedemann R. Genomic consequences of human-mediated translocations in margin populations of an endangered amphibian. Evol Appl 2021; 14:1623-1634. [PMID: 34178108 PMCID: PMC8210794 DOI: 10.1111/eva.13229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Revised: 02/17/2021] [Accepted: 03/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Due to their isolated and often fragmented nature, range margin populations are especially vulnerable to rapid environmental change. To maintain genetic diversity and adaptive potential, gene flow from disjunct populations might therefore be crucial to their survival. Translocations are often proposed as a mitigation strategy to increase genetic diversity in threatened populations. However, this also includes the risk of losing locally adapted alleles through genetic swamping. Human-mediated translocations of southern lineage specimens into northern German populations of the endangered European fire-bellied toad (Bombina bombina) provide an unexpected experimental set-up to test the genetic consequences of an intraspecific introgression from central population individuals into populations at the species range margin. Here, we utilize complete mitochondrial genomes and transcriptome nuclear data to reveal the full genetic extent of this translocation and the consequences it may have for these populations. We uncover signs of introgression in four out of the five northern populations investigated, including a number of introgressed alleles ubiquitous in all recipient populations, suggesting a possible adaptive advantage. Introgressed alleles dominate at the MTCH2 locus, associated with obesity/fat tissue in humans, and the DSP locus, essential for the proper development of epidermal skin in amphibians. Furthermore, we found loci where local alleles were retained in the introgressed populations, suggesting their relevance for local adaptation. Finally, comparisons of genetic diversity between introgressed and nonintrogressed northern German populations revealed an increase in genetic diversity in all German individuals belonging to introgressed populations, supporting the idea of a beneficial transfer of genetic variation from Austria into North Germany.
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Affiliation(s)
- Binia De Cahsan
- Unit of Evolutionary Biology/Systematic ZoologyInstitute for Biochemistry and BiologyUniversity of PotsdamPotsdamGermany
- GLOBE InstituteUniversity of CopenhagenCopenhagenDenmark
| | | | - Sofia Paraskevopoulou
- Unit of Evolutionary Biology/Systematic ZoologyInstitute for Biochemistry and BiologyUniversity of PotsdamPotsdamGermany
- Unit of ZoologyTel Aviv UniversityTel AvivIsrael
| | - Hauke Drews
- Stiftung Naturschutz Schleswig‐HolsteinMolfseeGermany
| | - Moritz Ott
- Stiftung Naturschutz Schleswig‐HolsteinMolfseeGermany
| | - Günter Gollmann
- Department of Evolutionary BiologyUniversity of ViennaViennaAustria
| | - Ralph Tiedemann
- Unit of Evolutionary Biology/Systematic ZoologyInstitute for Biochemistry and BiologyUniversity of PotsdamPotsdamGermany
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17
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Romero‐Mujalli D, Rochow M, Kahl S, Paraskevopoulou S, Folkertsma R, Jeltsch F, Tiedemann R. Adaptive and nonadaptive plasticity in changing environments: Implications for sexual species with different life history strategies. Ecol Evol 2021; 11:6341-6357. [PMID: 34141222 PMCID: PMC8207414 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.7485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2020] [Revised: 03/03/2021] [Accepted: 03/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Populations adapt to novel environmental conditions by genetic changes or phenotypic plasticity. Plastic responses are generally faster and can buffer fitness losses under variable conditions. Plasticity is typically modeled as random noise and linear reaction norms that assume simple one-to-one genotype-phenotype maps and no limits to the phenotypic response. Most studies on plasticity have focused on its effect on population viability. However, it is not clear, whether the advantage of plasticity depends solely on environmental fluctuations or also on the genetic and demographic properties (life histories) of populations. Here we present an individual-based model and study the relative importance of adaptive and nonadaptive plasticity for populations of sexual species with different life histories experiencing directional stochastic climate change. Environmental fluctuations were simulated using differentially autocorrelated climatic stochasticity or noise color, and scenarios of directional climate change. Nonadaptive plasticity was simulated as a random environmental effect on trait development, while adaptive plasticity as a linear, saturating, or sinusoidal reaction norm. The last two imposed limits to the plastic response and emphasized flexible interactions of the genotype with the environment. Interestingly, this assumption led to (a) smaller phenotypic than genotypic variance in the population (many-to-one genotype-phenotype map) and the coexistence of polymorphisms, and (b) the maintenance of higher genetic variation-compared to linear reaction norms and genetic determinism-even when the population was exposed to a constant environment for several generations. Limits to plasticity led to genetic accommodation, when costs were negligible, and to the appearance of cryptic variation when limits were exceeded. We found that adaptive plasticity promoted population persistence under red environmental noise and was particularly important for life histories with low fecundity. Populations producing more offspring could cope with environmental fluctuations solely by genetic changes or random plasticity, unless environmental change was too fast.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Romero‐Mujalli
- Evolutionary Biology/Systematic ZoologyUniversity of PotsdamPotsdamGermany
- Plant Ecology and Nature ConservationUniversity of PotsdamPotsdamGermany
- Foundation, Zoology InstituteUniversity of Veterinary Medicine HannoverHannoverGermany
| | - Markus Rochow
- Evolutionary Biology/Systematic ZoologyUniversity of PotsdamPotsdamGermany
| | - Sandra Kahl
- Berlin‐Brandenburg Institute of Advanced Biodiversity Research (BBIB)BerlinGermany
- Biodiversity Research/Systematic BotanyInstitute of Biochemistry und BiologyUniversity of PotsdamPotsdamGermany
| | - Sofia Paraskevopoulou
- Evolutionary Biology/Systematic ZoologyUniversity of PotsdamPotsdamGermany
- Faculty of Life SciencesSchool of ZoologyTel Aviv UniversityTel AvivIsrael
| | - Remco Folkertsma
- Evolutionary Adaptive GenomicsUniversity of PotsdamPotsdamGermany
| | - Florian Jeltsch
- Plant Ecology and Nature ConservationUniversity of PotsdamPotsdamGermany
- Berlin‐Brandenburg Institute of Advanced Biodiversity Research (BBIB)BerlinGermany
| | - Ralph Tiedemann
- Evolutionary Biology/Systematic ZoologyUniversity of PotsdamPotsdamGermany
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18
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Korniienko Y, Tiedemann R, Vater M, Kirschbaum F. Ontogeny of the electric organ discharge and of the papillae of the electrocytes in the weakly electric fish Campylomormyrus rhynchophorus (Teleostei: Mormyridae). J Comp Neurol 2021; 529:1052-1065. [PMID: 32785950 DOI: 10.1002/cne.25003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2019] [Revised: 07/28/2020] [Accepted: 08/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The electric organ of the mormyrid weakly electric fish, Campylomormyrus rhynchophorus (Boulenger, 1898), undergoes changes in both the electric organ discharge (EOD) and the light and electron microscopic morphology as the fish mature from the juvenile to the adult form. Of particular interest was the appearance of papillae, surface specializations of the uninnervated anterior face of the electrocyte, which have been hypothesized to increase the duration of the EOD. In a 24.5 mm long juvenile the adult electric organ (EO) was not yet functional, and the electrocytes lacked papillae. A 40 mm long juvenile, which produced a short biphasic EOD of 1.3 ms duration, shows small papillae (average area 136 μm2 ). In contrast, the EOD of a 79 mm long juvenile was triphasic. The large increase in duration of the EOD to 23.2 ms was accompanied by a small change in size of the papillae (average area 159 μm2 ). Similarly, a 150 mm long adult produced a triphasic EOD of comparable duration to the younger stage (24.7 ms) but featured a prominent increase in size of the papillae (average area 402 μm2 ). Thus, there was no linear correlation between EOD duration and papillary size. The most prominent ultrastructural change was at the level of the myofilaments, which regularly extended into the papillae, only in the oldest specimen-probably serving a supporting function. Physiological mechanisms, like gene expression levels, as demonstrated in some Campylomormyrus species, might be more important concerning the duration of the EOD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yevheniia Korniienko
- Humboldt University of Berlin, Faculty of Life Sciences, Albrecht Daniel Thaer-Institute of Agricultural and Horticultural Sciences, Unit of Biology and Ecology of Fishes, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ralph Tiedemann
- University of Potsdam, Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, Unit of Evolutionary Biology / Systematic Zoology, Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - Marianne Vater
- Unit of General Zoology, Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, University of Potsdam, Potsdam Golm, Germany
| | - Frank Kirschbaum
- Humboldt University of Berlin, Faculty of Life Sciences, Albrecht Daniel Thaer-Institute of Agricultural and Horticultural Sciences, Unit of Biology and Ecology of Fishes, Berlin, Germany
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19
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Lozada-Gobilard S, Schwarzer C, Dyer R, Tiedemann R, Joshi J. Genetic Diversity and Connectivity in Plant Species Differing in Clonality and Dispersal Mechanisms in Wetland Island Habitats. J Hered 2021; 112:108-121. [PMID: 33555304 DOI: 10.1093/jhered/esaa059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2020] [Accepted: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
In plants, long-distance dispersal is both attenuated and directed by specific movement vectors, including animals, wind, and/or water. Hence, movement vectors partly shape metapopulation genetic patterns that are, however, also influenced by other life-history traits such as clonal growth. We studied the relationship between area, isolation, plant-species richness, reproduction, and dispersal mechanisms with genetic diversity and divergence in 4 widespread wetland plant-species in a total of 20 island-like kettle-hole habitats surrounded by an intensive agricultural landscape. Our results showed that genetic parameters reflect the reproduction strategies with the highest genetic diversity being observed in the non-clonal, outcrossing Oenanthe aquatica compared to the clonal Lycopus europaeus, Typha latifolia, and Phragmites australis. Lycopus showed a positive relationship between genetic diversity and kettle-hole area, but a negative relationship with the number of neighboring kettle holes (less isolation). Genetic diversity increased with plant-species richness in the clonal species Phragmites and Lycopus; while it decreased in the non-clonal Oenanthe. Finally, genetic divergence and, therefore, connectivity differed between alternative dispersal strategies, where wind-dispersed Typha and Phragmites had a higher gene flow between the analyzed kettle holes compared with the insect-pollinated, hydrochorous Lycopus and Oenanthe. Our study provides information on genetic patterns related to reproduction and dispersal mechanisms of 4 common wetland species contributing to the understanding of the functioning of plant metacommunities occurring in kettle holes embedded in agricultural landscapes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sissi Lozada-Gobilard
- Unit of Evolutionary Biology/Systematic Zoology, University of Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Str. 24-25, Potsdam, Germany.,The Botanical Garden, School of Plant Sciences and Food Security, G.S. Wise Faculty of Life Science, Tel Aviv University, Israel
| | - Christian Schwarzer
- Plant Systematics and Biodiversity, Humboldt University of Berlin, Späth-Arboretum, Späthstr. 80/81, Berlin, Germany
| | - Rodney Dyer
- Center of Environmental Studies, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA
| | - Ralph Tiedemann
- Unit of Evolutionary Biology/Systematic Zoology, University of Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Str. 24-25, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Jasmin Joshi
- Institute for Landscape and Open Space, Eastern Switzerland University of Applied Sciences, Seestrasse 10, Rapperswil, Switzerland.,Berlin-Brandenburg Institute of Advanced Biodiversity Research (BBIB), Altensteinstr. 6, Berlin, Germany
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Canitz J, Kirschbaum F, Tiedemann R. Transcriptome-wide single nucleotide polymorphisms related to electric organ discharge differentiation among African weakly electric fish species. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0240812. [PMID: 33108393 PMCID: PMC7591079 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0240812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2020] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
African weakly electric fish of the mormyrid genus Campylomormyrus generate pulse-type electric organ discharges (EODs) for orientation and communication. Their pulse durations are species-specific and elongated EODs are a derived trait. So far, differential gene expression among tissue-specific transcriptomes across species with different pulses and point mutations in single ion channel genes indicate a relation of pulse duration and electrocyte geometry/excitability. However, a comprehensive assessment of expressed Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs) throughout the entire transcriptome of African weakly electric fish, with the potential to identify further genes influencing EOD duration, is still lacking. This is of particular value, as discharge duration is likely based on multiple cellular mechanisms and various genes. Here we provide the first transcriptome-wide SNP analysis of African weakly electric fish species (genus Campylomormyrus) differing by EOD duration to identify candidate genes and cellular mechanisms potentially involved in the determination of an elongated discharge of C. tshokwe. Non-synonymous substitutions specific to C. tshokwe were found in 27 candidate genes with inferred positive selection among Campylomormyrus species. These candidate genes had mainly functions linked to transcriptional regulation, cell proliferation and cell differentiation. Further, by comparing gene annotations between C. compressirostris (ancestral short EOD) and C. tshokwe (derived elongated EOD), we identified 27 GO terms and 2 KEGG pathway categories for which C. tshokwe significantly more frequently exhibited a species-specific expressed substitution than C. compressirostris. The results indicate that transcriptional regulation as well cell proliferation and differentiation take part in the determination of elongated pulse durations in C. tshokwe. Those cellular processes are pivotal for tissue morphogenesis and might determine the shape of electric organs supporting the observed correlation between electrocyte geometry/tissue structure and discharge duration. The inferred expressed SNPs and their functional implications are a valuable resource for future investigations on EOD durations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Canitz
- Unit of Evolutionary Biology/Systematic Zoology, Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Frank Kirschbaum
- Unit of Evolutionary Biology/Systematic Zoology, Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
- Department of Crop and Animal Science, Faculty of Life Science, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ralph Tiedemann
- Unit of Evolutionary Biology/Systematic Zoology, Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
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21
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Gross S, Claus P, Wohlsein P, Kesselring T, Lakemeyer J, Reckendorf A, Roller M, Tiedemann R, Siebert U. Indication of lethal interactions between a solitary bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops truncatus) and harbor porpoises (Phocoena phocoena) in the German Baltic Sea. BMC ZOOL 2020. [DOI: 10.1186/s40850-020-00061-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Aggressive interactions between bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus) and harbor porpoises (Phocoena phocoena) have been reported in different parts of the world since the late 1990s. In the Baltic Sea, harbor porpoises are the only native cetacean species, while bottlenose dolphins may appear there temporarily. In the fall of 2016, a solitary male photo-identified bottlenose dolphin stayed in the German Baltic Sea of Schleswig-Holstein for 3 months. During that time, the necropsies of the stranded harbor porpoises revealed types of trauma of varying degrees in six animals, which is unusual in this area. The purpose of this study was to determine if the appearance of the bottlenose dolphin could be linked to the trauma of the harbor porpoise carcasses.
Results
Pathological findings in these animals included subcutaneous, thoracic and abdominal hemorrhages, multiple, mainly bilateral, rib fractures, and one instance of lung laceration. These findings correspond with the previously reported dolphin-caused injuries in other regions. Moreover, public sighting reports showed a spatial and temporal correlation between the appearance of the dolphin and the stranding of fatally injured harbor porpoises.
Conclusion
Despite the fact that no attack has been witnessed in German waters to date, our findings indicate the first record of lethal interactions between a bottlenose dolphin and harbor porpoises in the German Baltic Sea. Furthermore, to our knowledge, this is the first report of porpoise aggression by a socially isolated bottlenose dolphin.
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22
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Korniienko Y, Nguyen L, Baumgartner S, Vater M, Tiedemann R, Kirschbaum F. Intragenus F1-hybrids of African weakly electric fish (Mormyridae: Campylomormyrus tamandua ♂ × C. compressirostris ♀) are fertile. J Comp Physiol A Neuroethol Sens Neural Behav Physiol 2020; 206:571-585. [PMID: 32468077 PMCID: PMC8520511 DOI: 10.1007/s00359-020-01425-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2019] [Revised: 05/01/2020] [Accepted: 05/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Hybridization is widespread in fish and constitutes an important mechanism in fish speciation. There is, however, little knowledge about hybridization in mormyrids. F1-interspecies hybrids between Campylomormyrus tamandua ♂ × C. compressirostris ♀ were investigated concerning: (1) fertility; (2) survival of F2-fish and (3) new gene combinations in the F2-generation concerning the structure of the electric organ and features of the electric organ discharge. These F1-hybrids achieved sexual maturity at about 12–13.5 cm total length. A breeding group comprising six males and 13 females spawned 28 times naturally proving these F1-fish to be fertile. On average 228 eggs were spawned, the average fertilization rate was 47.8%. Eggs started to hatch 70–72 h after fertilization, average hatching rate was 95.6%. Average mortality rate during embryonic development amounted to 2.3%. Average malformation rate during the free embryonic stage was 27.7%. Exogenous feeding started on day 11. In total, we raised 353 normally developed larvae all of which died consecutively, the oldest specimen reaching an age of 5 months. During survival, the activities of the larval and adult electric organs were recorded and the structure of the adult electric organ was investigated histologically.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yevheniia Korniienko
- Faculty of Life Sciences, Albrecht Daniel Thaer-Institute of Agricultural and Horticultural Sciences, Unit of Biology and Ecology of Fishes, Humboldt University of Berlin, Philippstr. 13, Haus 16, 10115, Berlin, Germany
| | - Linh Nguyen
- Faculty of Life Sciences, Albrecht Daniel Thaer-Institute of Agricultural and Horticultural Sciences, Unit of Biology and Ecology of Fishes, Humboldt University of Berlin, Philippstr. 13, Haus 16, 10115, Berlin, Germany
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, Unit of Evolutionary Biology/Systematic Zoology, University of Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Str. 24-25, Haus 26, 14476, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Stephanie Baumgartner
- Faculty of Life Sciences, Albrecht Daniel Thaer-Institute of Agricultural and Horticultural Sciences, Unit of Biology and Ecology of Fishes, Humboldt University of Berlin, Philippstr. 13, Haus 16, 10115, Berlin, Germany
| | - Marianne Vater
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, Unit of General Zoology, University of Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Str. 24-25, Haus 26, 14476, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Ralph Tiedemann
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, Unit of Evolutionary Biology/Systematic Zoology, University of Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Str. 24-25, Haus 26, 14476, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Frank Kirschbaum
- Faculty of Life Sciences, Albrecht Daniel Thaer-Institute of Agricultural and Horticultural Sciences, Unit of Biology and Ecology of Fishes, Humboldt University of Berlin, Philippstr. 13, Haus 16, 10115, Berlin, Germany.
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23
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Schlägel UE, Grimm V, Blaum N, Colangeli P, Dammhahn M, Eccard JA, Hausmann SL, Herde A, Hofer H, Joshi J, Kramer-Schadt S, Litwin M, Lozada-Gobilard SD, Müller MEH, Müller T, Nathan R, Petermann JS, Pirhofer-Walzl K, Radchuk V, Rillig MC, Roeleke M, Schäfer M, Scherer C, Schiro G, Scholz C, Teckentrup L, Tiedemann R, Ullmann W, Voigt CC, Weithoff G, Jeltsch F. Movement-mediated community assembly and coexistence. Biol Rev Camb Philos Soc 2020; 95:1073-1096. [PMID: 32627362 DOI: 10.1111/brv.12600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2019] [Revised: 03/20/2020] [Accepted: 03/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Organismal movement is ubiquitous and facilitates important ecological mechanisms that drive community and metacommunity composition and hence biodiversity. In most existing ecological theories and models in biodiversity research, movement is represented simplistically, ignoring the behavioural basis of movement and consequently the variation in behaviour at species and individual levels. However, as human endeavours modify climate and land use, the behavioural processes of organisms in response to these changes, including movement, become critical to understanding the resulting biodiversity loss. Here, we draw together research from different subdisciplines in ecology to understand the impact of individual-level movement processes on community-level patterns in species composition and coexistence. We join the movement ecology framework with the key concepts from metacommunity theory, community assembly and modern coexistence theory using the idea of micro-macro links, where various aspects of emergent movement behaviour scale up to local and regional patterns in species mobility and mobile-link-generated patterns in abiotic and biotic environmental conditions. These in turn influence both individual movement and, at ecological timescales, mechanisms such as dispersal limitation, environmental filtering, and niche partitioning. We conclude by highlighting challenges to and promising future avenues for data generation, data analysis and complementary modelling approaches and provide a brief outlook on how a new behaviour-based view on movement becomes important in understanding the responses of communities under ongoing environmental change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulrike E Schlägel
- Plant Ecology and Nature Conservation, University of Potsdam, Am Mühlenberg 3, 14476, Potsdam, Germany.,Berlin-Brandenburg Institute of Advanced Biodiversity Research (BBIB), Altensteinstr. 34, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - Volker Grimm
- Plant Ecology and Nature Conservation, University of Potsdam, Am Mühlenberg 3, 14476, Potsdam, Germany.,Department of Ecological Modelling, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research-UFZ, Permoserstr. 15, 04318, Leipzig, Germany.,German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Niels Blaum
- Plant Ecology and Nature Conservation, University of Potsdam, Am Mühlenberg 3, 14476, Potsdam, Germany.,Berlin-Brandenburg Institute of Advanced Biodiversity Research (BBIB), Altensteinstr. 34, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - Pierluigi Colangeli
- Berlin-Brandenburg Institute of Advanced Biodiversity Research (BBIB), Altensteinstr. 34, 14195, Berlin, Germany.,Department of Ecology and Ecosystem Modelling, University of Potsdam, Maulbeerallee 2, 14469, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Melanie Dammhahn
- Berlin-Brandenburg Institute of Advanced Biodiversity Research (BBIB), Altensteinstr. 34, 14195, Berlin, Germany.,Animal Ecology, University of Potsdam, Maulbeerallee 1, 14469, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Jana A Eccard
- Berlin-Brandenburg Institute of Advanced Biodiversity Research (BBIB), Altensteinstr. 34, 14195, Berlin, Germany.,Animal Ecology, University of Potsdam, Maulbeerallee 1, 14469, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Sebastian L Hausmann
- Berlin-Brandenburg Institute of Advanced Biodiversity Research (BBIB), Altensteinstr. 34, 14195, Berlin, Germany.,Plant Ecology, Institute of Biology, Freie Universität Berlin, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - Antje Herde
- Plant Ecology and Nature Conservation, University of Potsdam, Am Mühlenberg 3, 14476, Potsdam, Germany.,Berlin-Brandenburg Institute of Advanced Biodiversity Research (BBIB), Altensteinstr. 34, 14195, Berlin, Germany.,Department of Animal Behaviour, Bielefeld University, Morgenbreede 45, 33615, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Heribert Hofer
- Berlin-Brandenburg Institute of Advanced Biodiversity Research (BBIB), Altensteinstr. 34, 14195, Berlin, Germany.,Leibniz Institute for Zoo and Wildlife Research, Alfred-Kowalke-Str. 17, 10315, Berlin, Germany.,Department of Veterinary Medicine, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,Department of Biology, Chemistry, Pharmacy, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Jasmin Joshi
- Berlin-Brandenburg Institute of Advanced Biodiversity Research (BBIB), Altensteinstr. 34, 14195, Berlin, Germany.,Biodiversity Research and Systematic Botany, University of Potsdam, Maulbeerallee 2, 14469, Potsdam, Germany.,Institute for Landscape and Open Space, Hochschule für Technik HSR Rapperswil, Seestrasse 10, 8640 Rapperswil, Switzerland
| | - Stephanie Kramer-Schadt
- Berlin-Brandenburg Institute of Advanced Biodiversity Research (BBIB), Altensteinstr. 34, 14195, Berlin, Germany.,Leibniz Institute for Zoo and Wildlife Research, Alfred-Kowalke-Str. 17, 10315, Berlin, Germany.,Department of Ecology, Technische Universität Berlin, Rothenburgstr. 12, 12165, Berlin, Germany
| | - Magdalena Litwin
- Berlin-Brandenburg Institute of Advanced Biodiversity Research (BBIB), Altensteinstr. 34, 14195, Berlin, Germany.,Evolutionary Biology/Systematic Zoology, University of Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Str. 24-25, 14476, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Sissi D Lozada-Gobilard
- Berlin-Brandenburg Institute of Advanced Biodiversity Research (BBIB), Altensteinstr. 34, 14195, Berlin, Germany.,Biodiversity Research and Systematic Botany, University of Potsdam, Maulbeerallee 2, 14469, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Marina E H Müller
- Berlin-Brandenburg Institute of Advanced Biodiversity Research (BBIB), Altensteinstr. 34, 14195, Berlin, Germany.,Leibniz-Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research (ZALF), Eberswalder Str. 84, 15374, Müncheberg, Germany
| | - Thomas Müller
- Berlin-Brandenburg Institute of Advanced Biodiversity Research (BBIB), Altensteinstr. 34, 14195, Berlin, Germany.,Leibniz-Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research (ZALF), Eberswalder Str. 84, 15374, Müncheberg, Germany
| | - Ran Nathan
- Department of Ecology, Evolution and Behavior, Movement Ecology Laboratory, Alexander Silberman Institute of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Jana S Petermann
- Department of Biosciences, University of Salzburg, Hellbrunner Straße 34, 5020, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Karin Pirhofer-Walzl
- Berlin-Brandenburg Institute of Advanced Biodiversity Research (BBIB), Altensteinstr. 34, 14195, Berlin, Germany.,Plant Ecology, Institute of Biology, Freie Universität Berlin, 14195, Berlin, Germany.,Leibniz-Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research (ZALF), Eberswalder Str. 84, 15374, Müncheberg, Germany
| | - Viktoriia Radchuk
- Leibniz Institute for Zoo and Wildlife Research, Alfred-Kowalke-Str. 17, 10315, Berlin, Germany
| | - Matthias C Rillig
- Berlin-Brandenburg Institute of Advanced Biodiversity Research (BBIB), Altensteinstr. 34, 14195, Berlin, Germany.,Plant Ecology, Institute of Biology, Freie Universität Berlin, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - Manuel Roeleke
- Berlin-Brandenburg Institute of Advanced Biodiversity Research (BBIB), Altensteinstr. 34, 14195, Berlin, Germany.,Leibniz Institute for Zoo and Wildlife Research, Alfred-Kowalke-Str. 17, 10315, Berlin, Germany
| | - Merlin Schäfer
- Plant Ecology and Nature Conservation, University of Potsdam, Am Mühlenberg 3, 14476, Potsdam, Germany.,Berlin-Brandenburg Institute of Advanced Biodiversity Research (BBIB), Altensteinstr. 34, 14195, Berlin, Germany.,Leibniz-Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research (ZALF), Eberswalder Str. 84, 15374, Müncheberg, Germany
| | - Cédric Scherer
- Berlin-Brandenburg Institute of Advanced Biodiversity Research (BBIB), Altensteinstr. 34, 14195, Berlin, Germany.,Leibniz Institute for Zoo and Wildlife Research, Alfred-Kowalke-Str. 17, 10315, Berlin, Germany
| | - Gabriele Schiro
- Berlin-Brandenburg Institute of Advanced Biodiversity Research (BBIB), Altensteinstr. 34, 14195, Berlin, Germany.,Leibniz-Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research (ZALF), Eberswalder Str. 84, 15374, Müncheberg, Germany
| | - Carolin Scholz
- Berlin-Brandenburg Institute of Advanced Biodiversity Research (BBIB), Altensteinstr. 34, 14195, Berlin, Germany.,Leibniz Institute for Zoo and Wildlife Research, Alfred-Kowalke-Str. 17, 10315, Berlin, Germany
| | - Lisa Teckentrup
- Plant Ecology and Nature Conservation, University of Potsdam, Am Mühlenberg 3, 14476, Potsdam, Germany.,Berlin-Brandenburg Institute of Advanced Biodiversity Research (BBIB), Altensteinstr. 34, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ralph Tiedemann
- Berlin-Brandenburg Institute of Advanced Biodiversity Research (BBIB), Altensteinstr. 34, 14195, Berlin, Germany.,Evolutionary Biology/Systematic Zoology, University of Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Str. 24-25, 14476, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Wiebke Ullmann
- Plant Ecology and Nature Conservation, University of Potsdam, Am Mühlenberg 3, 14476, Potsdam, Germany.,Berlin-Brandenburg Institute of Advanced Biodiversity Research (BBIB), Altensteinstr. 34, 14195, Berlin, Germany.,Leibniz-Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research (ZALF), Eberswalder Str. 84, 15374, Müncheberg, Germany
| | - Christian C Voigt
- Berlin-Brandenburg Institute of Advanced Biodiversity Research (BBIB), Altensteinstr. 34, 14195, Berlin, Germany.,Leibniz Institute for Zoo and Wildlife Research, Alfred-Kowalke-Str. 17, 10315, Berlin, Germany.,Behavioral Biology, Institute of Biology, Freie Universität Berlin, Takustr. 6, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - Guntram Weithoff
- Berlin-Brandenburg Institute of Advanced Biodiversity Research (BBIB), Altensteinstr. 34, 14195, Berlin, Germany.,Department of Ecology and Ecosystem Modelling, University of Potsdam, Maulbeerallee 2, 14469, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Florian Jeltsch
- Plant Ecology and Nature Conservation, University of Potsdam, Am Mühlenberg 3, 14476, Potsdam, Germany.,Berlin-Brandenburg Institute of Advanced Biodiversity Research (BBIB), Altensteinstr. 34, 14195, Berlin, Germany
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24
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Amen R, Nagel R, Hedt M, Kirschbaum F, Tiedemann R. Morphological differentiation in African weakly electric fish (genus Campylomormyrus) relates to substrate preferences. Evol Ecol 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s10682-020-10043-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
AbstractUnder an ecological speciation scenario, the radiation of African weakly electric fish (genus Campylomormyrus) is caused by an adaptation to different food sources, associated with diversification of the electric organ discharge (EOD). This study experimentally investigates a phenotype–environment correlation to further support this scenario. Our behavioural experiments showed that three sympatric Campylomormyrus species with significantly divergent snout morphology differentially react to variation in substrate structure. While the short snout species (C. tamandua) exhibits preference to sandy substrate, the long snout species (C. rhynchophorus) significantly prefers a stone substrate for feeding. A third species with intermediate snout size (C. compressirostris) does not exhibit any substrate preference. This preference is matched with the observation that long-snouted specimens probe deeper into the stone substrate, presumably enabling them to reach prey more distant to the substrate surface. These findings suggest that the diverse feeding apparatus in the genus Campylomormyrus may have evolved in adaptation to specific microhabitats, i.e., substrate structures where these fish forage. Whether the parallel divergence in EOD is functionally related to this adaptation or solely serves as a prezygotic isolation mechanism remains to be elucidated.
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25
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De Cahsan B, Nagel R, Schedina IM, King JJ, Bianco PG, Tiedemann R, Ketmaier V. Phylogeography of the European brook lamprey (Lampetra planeri) and the European river lamprey (Lampetra fluviatilis) species pair based on mitochondrial data. J Fish Biol 2020; 96:905-912. [PMID: 32039478 DOI: 10.1111/jfb.14279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2019] [Revised: 01/31/2020] [Accepted: 02/07/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The European river lamprey Lampetra fluviatilis and the European brook lamprey Lampetra planeri (Block 1784) are classified as a paired species, characterized by notably different life histories but morphological similarities. Previous work has further shown limited genetic differentiation between these two species at the mitochondrial DNA level. Here, we expand on this previous work, which focused on lamprey species from the Iberian Peninsula in the south and mainland Europe in the north, by sequencing three mitochondrial marker regions of Lampetra individuals from five river systems in Ireland and five in southern Italy. Our results corroborate the previously identified pattern of genetic diversity for the species pair. We also show significant genetic differentiation between Irish and mainland European lamprey populations, suggesting another ichthyogeographic district distinct from those previously defined. Finally, our results stress the importance of southern Italian L. planeri populations, which maintain several private alleles and notable genetic diversity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Binia De Cahsan
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Rebecca Nagel
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Ina-Maria Schedina
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
| | | | | | - Ralph Tiedemann
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Valerio Ketmaier
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology 'Charles Darwin', Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
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26
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Valente L, Phillimore AB, Melo M, Warren BH, Clegg SM, Havenstein K, Tiedemann R, Illera JC, Thébaud C, Aschenbach T, Etienne RS. A simple dynamic model explains the diversity of island birds worldwide. Nature 2020; 579:92-96. [PMID: 32076267 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-020-2022-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2019] [Accepted: 01/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Colonization, speciation and extinction are dynamic processes that influence global patterns of species richness1-6. Island biogeography theory predicts that the contribution of these processes to the accumulation of species diversity depends on the area and isolation of the island7,8. Notably, there has been no robust global test of this prediction for islands where speciation cannot be ignored9, because neither the appropriate data nor the analytical tools have been available. Here we address both deficiencies to reveal, for island birds, the empirical shape of the general relationships that determine how colonization, extinction and speciation rates co-vary with the area and isolation of islands. We compiled a global molecular phylogenetic dataset of birds on islands, based on the terrestrial avifaunas of 41 oceanic archipelagos worldwide (including 596 avian taxa), and applied a new analysis method to estimate the sensitivity of island-specific rates of colonization, speciation and extinction to island features (area and isolation). Our model predicts-with high explanatory power-several global relationships. We found a decline in colonization with isolation, a decline in extinction with area and an increase in speciation with area and isolation. Combining the theoretical foundations of island biogeography7,8 with the temporal information contained in molecular phylogenies10 proves a powerful approach to reveal the fundamental relationships that govern variation in biodiversity across the planet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis Valente
- Museum für Naturkunde, Leibniz Institute for Evolution and Biodiversity Science, Berlin, Germany. .,Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Leiden, The Netherlands. .,Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands. .,Unit of Evolutionary Biology/Systematic Zoology, Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany.
| | | | - Martim Melo
- Museu de História Natural e da Ciência da Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos (CIBIO), InBio, Laboratório Associado, Universidade do Porto, Vairão, Portugal.,FitzPatrick Institute, DST-NRF Centre of Excellence, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Ben H Warren
- Institut de Systématique, Evolution, Biodiversité (ISYEB), Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, EPHE, UA, Paris, France
| | - Sonya M Clegg
- Edward Grey Institute, Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.,Environmental Futures Research Institute, Griffith University, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Katja Havenstein
- Unit of Evolutionary Biology/Systematic Zoology, Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Ralph Tiedemann
- Unit of Evolutionary Biology/Systematic Zoology, Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Juan Carlos Illera
- Research Unit of Biodiversity (UO-CSIC-PA), Oviedo University, Mieres, Spain
| | - Christophe Thébaud
- Unité Mixte de Recherche 5174, CNRS-IRD-Paul Sabatier University, Toulouse, France
| | - Tina Aschenbach
- Museum für Naturkunde, Leibniz Institute for Evolution and Biodiversity Science, Berlin, Germany
| | - Rampal S Etienne
- Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
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27
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Paraskevopoulou S, Dennis AB, Weithoff G, Hartmann S, Tiedemann R. Within species expressed genetic variability and gene expression response to different temperatures in the rotifer Brachionus calyciflorus sensu stricto. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0223134. [PMID: 31568501 PMCID: PMC6768451 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0223134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2019] [Accepted: 09/14/2019] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Genetic divergence is impacted by many factors, including phylogenetic history, gene flow, genetic drift, and divergent selection. Rotifers are an important component of aquatic ecosystems, and genetic variation is essential to their ongoing adaptive diversification and local adaptation. In addition to coding sequence divergence, variation in gene expression may relate to variable heat tolerance, and can impose ecological barriers within species. Temperature plays a significant role in aquatic ecosystems by affecting species abundance, spatio-temporal distribution, and habitat colonization. Recently described (formerly cryptic) species of the Brachionus calyciflorus complex exhibit different temperature tolerance both in natural and in laboratory studies, and show that B. calyciflorus sensu stricto (s.s.) is a thermotolerant species. Even within B. calyciflorus s.s., there is a tendency for further temperature specializations. Comparison of expressed genes allows us to assess the impact of stressors on both expression and sequence divergence among disparate populations within a single species. Here, we have used RNA-seq to explore expressed genetic diversity in B. calyciflorus s.s. in two mitochondrial DNA lineages with different phylogenetic histories and differences in thermotolerance. We identify a suite of candidate genes that may underlie local adaptation, with a particular focus on the response to sustained high or low temperatures. We do not find adaptive divergence in established candidate genes for thermal adaptation. Rather, we detect divergent selection among our two lineages in genes related to metabolism (lipid metabolism, metabolism of xenobiotics).
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofia Paraskevopoulou
- Unit of Evolutionary Biology/Systematic Zoology, Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
- Unit of Ecology and Ecosystem Modelling, Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
- * E-mail:
| | - Alice B. Dennis
- Unit of Evolutionary Biology/Systematic Zoology, Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Guntram Weithoff
- Unit of Ecology and Ecosystem Modelling, Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
- Berlin-Brandenburg Institute of Advanced Biodiversity Research (BBIB), Berlin, Germany
| | - Stefanie Hartmann
- Unit of Evolutionary Adaptive Genomics, Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Ralph Tiedemann
- Unit of Evolutionary Biology/Systematic Zoology, Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
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Romero-Mujalli D, Jeltsch F, Tiedemann R. Elevated mutation rates are unlikely to evolve in sexual species, not even under rapid environmental change. BMC Evol Biol 2019; 19:175. [PMID: 31462290 PMCID: PMC6714099 DOI: 10.1186/s12862-019-1494-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2018] [Accepted: 08/06/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Organisms are expected to respond to changing environmental conditions through local adaptation, range shift or local extinction. The process of local adaptation can occur by genetic changes or phenotypic plasticity, and becomes especially relevant when dispersal abilities or possibilities are somehow constrained. For genetic changes to occur, mutations are the ultimate source of variation and the mutation rate in terms of a mutator locus can be subject to evolutionary change. Recent findings suggest that the evolution of the mutation rate in a sexual species can advance invasion speed and promote adaptation to novel environmental conditions. Following this idea, this work uses an individual-based model approach to investigate if the mutation rate can also evolve in a sexual species experiencing different conditions of directional climate change, under different scenarios of colored stochastic environmental noise, probability of recombination and of beneficial mutations. The color of the noise mimicked investigating the evolutionary dynamics of the mutation rate in different habitats. RESULTS The results suggest that the mutation rate in a sexual species experiencing directional climate change scenarios can evolve and reach relatively high values mainly under conditions of complete linkage of the mutator locus and the adaptation locus. In contrast, when they are unlinked, the mutation rate can slightly increase only under scenarios where at least 50% of arising mutations are beneficial and the rate of environmental change is relatively fast. This result is robust under different scenarios of stochastic environmental noise, which supports the observation of no systematic variation in the mutation rate among organisms experiencing different habitats. CONCLUSIONS Given that 50% beneficial mutations may be an unrealistic assumption, and that recombination is ubiquitous in sexual species, the evolution of an elevated mutation rate in a sexual species experiencing directional climate change might be rather unlikely. Furthermore, when the percentage of beneficial mutations and the population size are small, sexual species (especially multicellular ones) producing few offspring may be expected to react to changing environments not by adaptive genetic change, but mainly through plasticity. Without the ability for a plastic response, such species may become - at least locally - extinct.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Romero-Mujalli
- University of Potsdam, Evolutionary Biology/Systematic Zoology, Karl-Liebknecht-Strasse 24-25, 14476, Potsdam, Germany. .,Plant Ecology and Nature Conservation, University of Potsdam, Am Mühlenberg 3, 14476, Potsdam, Germany.
| | - Florian Jeltsch
- Plant Ecology and Nature Conservation, University of Potsdam, Am Mühlenberg 3, 14476, Potsdam, Germany.,Berlin-Brandenburg Institute of Advanced Biodiversity Research (BBIB), 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ralph Tiedemann
- University of Potsdam, Evolutionary Biology/Systematic Zoology, Karl-Liebknecht-Strasse 24-25, 14476, Potsdam, Germany
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29
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Gong X, Lembke-Jene L, Lohmann G, Knorr G, Tiedemann R, Zou JJ, Shi XF. Enhanced North Pacific deep-ocean stratification by stronger intermediate water formation during Heinrich Stadial 1. Nat Commun 2019; 10:656. [PMID: 30737377 PMCID: PMC6368553 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-08606-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2018] [Accepted: 01/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The deglacial history of CO2 release from the deep North Pacific remains unresolved. This is due to conflicting indications about subarctic Pacific ventilation changes based on various marine proxies, especially for Heinrich Stadial 1 (HS-1) when a rapid atmospheric CO2 rise occurs. Here, we use a complex Earth System Model to investigate the deglacial North Pacific overturning and its control on ocean stratification. Our results show an enhanced intermediate-to-deep ocean stratification coeval with intensified North Pacific Intermediate Water (NPIW) formation during HS-1, compared to the Last Glacial Maximum. The stronger NPIW formation causes lower salinities and higher temperatures at intermediate depths. By lowering NPIW densities, this enlarges vertical density gradient and thus enhances intermediate-to-deep ocean stratification during HS-1. Physically, this process prevents the North Pacific deep waters from a better communication with the upper oceans, thus prolongs the existing isolation of glacial Pacific abyssal carbons during HS-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Gong
- Alfred-Wegener-Institut Helmholtz-Zentrum für Polar- und Meeresforschung, Bussestr. 24, 27570, Bremerhaven, Germany.
| | - L Lembke-Jene
- Alfred-Wegener-Institut Helmholtz-Zentrum für Polar- und Meeresforschung, Bussestr. 24, 27570, Bremerhaven, Germany
| | - G Lohmann
- Alfred-Wegener-Institut Helmholtz-Zentrum für Polar- und Meeresforschung, Bussestr. 24, 27570, Bremerhaven, Germany.,MARUM-Center for Marine Environmental Sciences, University Bremen, Leobener Strasse, 28359, Bremen, Germany
| | - G Knorr
- Alfred-Wegener-Institut Helmholtz-Zentrum für Polar- und Meeresforschung, Bussestr. 24, 27570, Bremerhaven, Germany
| | - R Tiedemann
- Alfred-Wegener-Institut Helmholtz-Zentrum für Polar- und Meeresforschung, Bussestr. 24, 27570, Bremerhaven, Germany
| | - J J Zou
- Laboratory for Marine Geology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266061, China.,Key Laboratory of Marine Sedimentology and Environmental Geology, First Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Qingdao, 266061, China
| | - X F Shi
- Laboratory for Marine Geology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266061, China.,Key Laboratory of Marine Sedimentology and Environmental Geology, First Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Qingdao, 266061, China
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30
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De Cahsan B, Westbury MV, Drews H, Tiedemann R. The complete mitochondrial genome of a European fire-bellied toad ( Bombina bombina) from Germany. Mitochondrial DNA B Resour 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/23802359.2018.1547143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Binia De Cahsan
- Unit of Evolutionary Biology/Systematic Zoology, Institute for Biochemistry and Biology, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Michael V Westbury
- Natural History Museum of Denmark, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Hauke Drews
- Stiftung Naturschutz Schleswig-Holstein, Molfsee, Germany
| | - Ralph Tiedemann
- Unit of Evolutionary Biology/Systematic Zoology, Institute for Biochemistry and Biology, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
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31
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Schnitzler JG, Reckendorf A, Pinzone M, Autenrieth M, Tiedemann R, Covaci A, Malarvannan G, Ruser A, Das K, Siebert U. Supporting evidence for PCB pollution threatening global killer whale population. Aquat Toxicol 2019; 206:102-104. [PMID: 30468976 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2018.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2018] [Accepted: 11/09/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
A recent Science report predicted the global killer whale population to collapse due to PCB pollution. Here we present empirical evidence, which supports and extends the reports' statement. In 2016, a neonate male killer whale stranded on the German island of Sylt. Neonatal attributes indicated an age of at least 3 days. The stomach contained ∼20 mL milk residue and no pathologies explaining the cause of death could be detected. Blubber samples presenting low lipid concentrations were analysed for persistent organic pollutants. Skin samples were collected for genotyping of the mitochondrial control region. The blubber PCB concentrations were very high [SPCBs, 225 mg/kg lipid weight (lw)], largely exceeding the PCB toxicity thresholds reported for the onset of immunosuppression [9 mg/kg lw ∑PCB] and for severe reproductive impairment [41 mg/kg lw ∑PCB] reported for marine mammals. Additionally, this individual showed equally high concentrations in p,p'-DDE [226 mg/kg lw], PBDEs [5 mg/kg lw] and liver mercury levels [1.1 μg/g dry weight dw]. These results suggest a high placental transfer of pollutants from mother to foetus. Consequently, blubber and plasma PCB concentrations and calf mortality rates are both high in primiparous females. With such high pollutant levels, this neonate had poor prerequisites for survival. The neonate belonged to Ecotype I (generalist feeder) and carried the mitochondrial haplotype 35 present in about 16% of the North Atlantic killer whale from or close to the North Sea. The relevance of this data becomes apparent in the UK West Coast Community, the UK's only residentorca population, which is currently composed of only eight individuals (each four males and females) and no calves have been reported over the last 19 years.Despite worldwide regulations, PCBs persist in the environment and remain a severe concern for killer whale populations, placing calves at high risk due to the mother-offspring PCB-transfer resulting in a high toxicological burden of the neonates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph G Schnitzler
- Institute for Terrestrial and Aquatic Wildlife Research, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Foundation, 25761, Büsum, Schleswig-Holstein, Germany.
| | - Anja Reckendorf
- Institute for Terrestrial and Aquatic Wildlife Research, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Foundation, 25761, Büsum, Schleswig-Holstein, Germany
| | - Marianna Pinzone
- Freshwater and Oceanic sciences Unit of reSearch (FOCUS)-Oceanology, University of Liège, Allée du 6 Août, B6C, 4000, Liège, Belgium
| | - Marijke Autenrieth
- Unit of Evolutionary Biology/Systematic Zoology, Institute for Biochemistry and Biology, University of Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Str. 24-25, 14476, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Ralph Tiedemann
- Unit of Evolutionary Biology/Systematic Zoology, Institute for Biochemistry and Biology, University of Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Str. 24-25, 14476, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Adrian Covaci
- Toxicological Centre, University of Antwerp, 2610, Wilrijk, Belgium
| | | | - Andreas Ruser
- Institute for Terrestrial and Aquatic Wildlife Research, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Foundation, 25761, Büsum, Schleswig-Holstein, Germany
| | - Krishna Das
- Freshwater and Oceanic sciences Unit of reSearch (FOCUS)-Oceanology, University of Liège, Allée du 6 Août, B6C, 4000, Liège, Belgium
| | - Ursula Siebert
- Institute for Terrestrial and Aquatic Wildlife Research, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Foundation, 25761, Büsum, Schleswig-Holstein, Germany
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32
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Epp LS, Kruse S, Kath NJ, Stoof-Leichsenring KR, Tiedemann R, Pestryakova LA, Herzschuh U. Temporal and spatial patterns of mitochondrial haplotype and species distributions in Siberian larches inferred from ancient environmental DNA and modeling. Sci Rep 2018; 8:17436. [PMID: 30498238 PMCID: PMC6265258 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-35550-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2018] [Accepted: 11/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Changes in species' distributions are classically projected based on their climate envelopes. For Siberian forests, which have a tremendous significance for vegetation-climate feedbacks, this implies future shifts of each of the forest-forming larch (Larix) species to the north-east. However, in addition to abiotic factors, reliable projections must assess the role of historical biogeography and biotic interactions. Here, we use sedimentary ancient DNA and individual-based modelling to investigate the distribution of larch species and mitochondrial haplotypes through space and time across the treeline ecotone on the southern Taymyr peninsula, which at the same time presents a boundary area of two larch species. We find spatial and temporal patterns, which suggest that forest density is the most influential driver determining the precise distribution of species and mitochondrial haplotypes. This suggests a strong influence of competition on the species' range shifts. These findings imply possible climate change outcomes that are directly opposed to projections based purely on climate envelopes. Investigations of such fine-scale processes of biodiversity change through time are possible using paleoenvironmental DNA, which is available much more readily than visible fossils and can provide information at a level of resolution that is not reached in classical palaeoecology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura S Epp
- Alfred Wegener Institute Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research, Periglacial Research Section, Telegrafenberg A43, 14473, Potsdam, Germany.
| | - Stefan Kruse
- Alfred Wegener Institute Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research, Periglacial Research Section, Telegrafenberg A43, 14473, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Nadja J Kath
- Alfred Wegener Institute Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research, Periglacial Research Section, Telegrafenberg A43, 14473, Potsdam, Germany
- Institute for Biochemistry and Biology, University of Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Str 24-25, 14476, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Kathleen R Stoof-Leichsenring
- Alfred Wegener Institute Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research, Periglacial Research Section, Telegrafenberg A43, 14473, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Ralph Tiedemann
- Institute for Biochemistry and Biology, University of Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Str 24-25, 14476, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Luidmila A Pestryakova
- Department for Geography and Biology, North-Eastern Federal University of Yakutsk, Belinskogo 58, 67700, Yakutsk, Russia
| | - Ulrike Herzschuh
- Alfred Wegener Institute Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research, Periglacial Research Section, Telegrafenberg A43, 14473, Potsdam, Germany
- Institute for Biochemistry and Biology, University of Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Str 24-25, 14476, Potsdam, Germany
- Institute of Earth and Environmental Science, University of Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Str 24-25, 14476, Potsdam, Germany
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33
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Paraskevopoulou S, Tiedemann R, Weithoff G. Differential response to heat stress among evolutionary lineages of an aquatic invertebrate species complex. Biol Lett 2018; 14:rsbl.2018.0498. [PMID: 30487258 DOI: 10.1098/rsbl.2018.0498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2018] [Accepted: 10/31/2018] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Under global warming scenarios, rising temperatures can constitute heat stress to which species may respond differentially. Within a described species, knowledge on cryptic diversity is of further relevance, as different lineages/cryptic species may respond differentially to environmental change. The Brachionus calyciflorus species complex (Rotifera), which was recently described using integrative taxonomy, is an essential component of aquatic ecosystems. Here, we tested the hypothesis that these (formerly cryptic) species differ in their heat tolerance. We assigned 47 clones with nuclear ITS1 (nuITS1) and mitochondrial COI (mtCOI) markers to evolutionary lineages, now named B. calyciflorus sensu stricto (s.s.) and B. fernandoi We selected 15 representative clones and assessed their heat tolerance as a bi-dimensional phenotypic trait affected by both the intensity and duration of heat stress. We found two distinct groups, with B. calyciflorus s.s. clones having higher heat tolerance than the novel species B. fernandoi This apparent temperature specialization among former cryptic species underscores the necessity of a sound species delimitation and assignment, when organismal responses to environmental changes are investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofia Paraskevopoulou
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, Unit of Evolutionary Biology and Systematic Zoology, University of Potsdam, D-14476 Potsdam, Germany .,Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, Unit of Ecology and Ecosystem Modelling, University of Potsdam, D-14469 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Ralph Tiedemann
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, Unit of Evolutionary Biology and Systematic Zoology, University of Potsdam, D-14476 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Guntram Weithoff
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, Unit of Ecology and Ecosystem Modelling, University of Potsdam, D-14469 Potsdam, Germany.,Berlin-Brandenburg Institute of Advanced Biodiversity Research (BBIB), Altensteinstr. 6, 14195 Berlin, Germany
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34
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Autenrieth M, Hartmann S, Lah L, Roos A, Dennis AB, Tiedemann R. High-quality whole-genome sequence of an abundant Holarctic odontocete, the harbour porpoise (Phocoena phocoena). Mol Ecol Resour 2018; 18:1469-1481. [PMID: 30035363 DOI: 10.1111/1755-0998.12932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2017] [Revised: 07/04/2018] [Accepted: 07/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The harbour porpoise (Phocoena phocoena) is a highly mobile cetacean found across the Northern hemisphere. It occurs in coastal waters and inhabits basins that vary broadly in salinity, temperature and food availability. These diverse habitats could drive subtle differentiation among populations, but examination of this would be best conducted with a robust reference genome. Here, we report the first harbour porpoise genome, assembled de novo from an individual originating in the Kattegat Sea (Sweden). The genome is one of the most complete cetacean genomes currently available, with a total size of 2.39 Gb and 50% of the total length found in just 34 scaffolds. Using 122 of the longest scaffolds, we were able to show high levels of synteny with the genome of the domestic cattle (Bos taurus). Our draft annotation comprises 22,154 predicted genes, which we further annotated through matches to the NCBI nucleotide database, GO categorization and motif prediction. Within the predicted genes, we have confirmed the presence of >20 genes or gene families that have been associated with adaptive evolution in other cetaceans. Overall, this genome assembly and draft annotation represent a crucial addition to the genomic resources currently available for the study of porpoises and Phocoenidae evolution, phylogeny and conservation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marijke Autenrieth
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, Evolutionary Biology/Systematic Zoology, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Stefanie Hartmann
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, Evolutionary Adaptive Genomics, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Ljerka Lah
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, Evolutionary Biology/Systematic Zoology, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Anna Roos
- Swedish Museum of Natural History, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Alice B Dennis
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, Evolutionary Biology/Systematic Zoology, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Ralph Tiedemann
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, Evolutionary Biology/Systematic Zoology, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
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35
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Schnitzler JG, Pinzone M, Autenrieth M, van Neer A, IJsseldijk LL, Barber JL, Deaville R, Jepson P, Brownlow A, Schaffeld T, Thomé JP, Tiedemann R, Das K, Siebert U. Inter-individual differences in contamination profiles as tracer of social group association in stranded sperm whales. Sci Rep 2018; 8:10958. [PMID: 30026609 PMCID: PMC6053436 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-29186-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2018] [Accepted: 07/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Ecological and physiological factors lead to different contamination patterns in individual marine mammals. The objective of the present study was to assess whether variations in contamination profiles are indicative of social structures of young male sperm whales as they might reflect a variation in feeding preferences and/or in utilized feeding grounds. We used a total of 61 variables associated with organic compounds and trace element concentrations measured in muscle, liver, kidney and blubber gained from 24 sperm whales that stranded in the North Sea in January and February 2016. Combining contaminant and genetic data, there is evidence for at least two cohorts with different origin among these stranded sperm whales; one from the Canary Island region and one from the northern part of the Atlantic. While genetic data unravel relatedness and kinship, contamination data integrate over areas, where animals occured during their lifetime. Especially in long-lived animals with a large migratory potential, as sperm whales, contamination data may carry highly relevant information about aggregation through time and space.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph G Schnitzler
- Institute for Terrestrial and Aquatic Wildlife Research, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Foundation, 25761, Büsum, Schleswig-Holstein, Germany.
| | - Marianna Pinzone
- Freshwater and Oceanic sciences Unit of reSearch - Oceanology, University of Liège, Allée du 6 Août, B6C, 4000, Liège, Belgium
| | - Marijke Autenrieth
- Unit of Evolutionary Biology/Systematic Zoology, Institute for Biochemistry and Biology, University of Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Str. 24-25, 14476, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Abbo van Neer
- Institute for Terrestrial and Aquatic Wildlife Research, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Foundation, 25761, Büsum, Schleswig-Holstein, Germany
| | - Lonneke L IJsseldijk
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Pathobiology, Utrecht University, Yalelaan 1, 3584CL, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Jonathan L Barber
- Centre for the Environment, Fisheries and Aquaculture Science (Cefas) Lowestoft Laboratory, Pakefield Road, Lowestoft, Suffolk, NR33 0HT, UK
| | - Rob Deaville
- CSIP, Institute of Zoology, Regent's Park, London, NW1 4RY, UK
| | - Paul Jepson
- CSIP, Institute of Zoology, Regent's Park, London, NW1 4RY, UK
| | | | - Tobias Schaffeld
- Institute for Terrestrial and Aquatic Wildlife Research, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Foundation, 25761, Büsum, Schleswig-Holstein, Germany
| | - Jean-Pierre Thomé
- Laboratory of Animal Ecology and Ecotoxicology (CART-LEAE) B6c, Liège University, Liège, Belgium
| | - Ralph Tiedemann
- Unit of Evolutionary Biology/Systematic Zoology, Institute for Biochemistry and Biology, University of Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Str. 24-25, 14476, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Krishna Das
- Freshwater and Oceanic sciences Unit of reSearch - Oceanology, University of Liège, Allée du 6 Août, B6C, 4000, Liège, Belgium
| | - Ursula Siebert
- Institute for Terrestrial and Aquatic Wildlife Research, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Foundation, 25761, Büsum, Schleswig-Holstein, Germany
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36
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Nagel R, Kirschbaum F, Hofmann V, Engelmann J, Tiedemann R. Electric pulse characteristics can enable species recognition in African weakly electric fish species. Sci Rep 2018; 8:10799. [PMID: 30018286 PMCID: PMC6050243 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-29132-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2018] [Accepted: 06/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Communication is key to a wide variety of animal behaviours and multiple modalities are often involved in this exchange of information from sender to receiver. The communication of African weakly electric fish, however, is thought to be predominantly unimodal and is mediated by their electric sense, in which species-specific electric organ discharges (EODs) are generated in a context-dependent and thus variable sequence of pulse intervals (SPI). While the primary function of the electric sense is considered to be electrolocation, both of its components likely carry information regarding identity of the sender. However, a clear understanding of their contribution to species recognition is incomplete. We therefore analysed these two electrocommunication components (EOD waveform and SPI statistics) in two sympatric mormyrid Campylomormyrus species. In a set of five playback conditions, we further investigated which components may drive interspecific recognition and discrimination. While we found that both electrocommunication components are species-specific, the cues necessary for species recognition differ between the two species studied. While the EOD waveform and SPI were both necessary and sufficient for species recognition in C. compressirostris males, C. tamandua males apparently utilize other, non-electric modalities. Mapped onto a recent phylogeny, our results suggest that discrimination by electric cues alone may be an apomorphic trait evolved during a recent radiation in this taxon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Nagel
- Unit of Evolutionary Biology and Systematic Zoology, Institute of Biochemistry/Biology, University of Potsdam, 14476, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Frank Kirschbaum
- Faculty of Life Sciences, Albrecht Daniel Thaer-Institute of Agricultural and Horticultural Sciences, Unit of Biology and Ecology of Fishes, Humboldt University of Berlin, 10115, Berlin, Germany
| | - Volker Hofmann
- Active Sensing, Faculty of Biology, Cognitive Interaction Technology - Center of Excellence, Bielefeld University, 33602, Bielefeld, Germany
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Physiology, McGill University, H3G1Y6 Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Jacob Engelmann
- Active Sensing, Faculty of Biology, Cognitive Interaction Technology - Center of Excellence, Bielefeld University, 33602, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Ralph Tiedemann
- Unit of Evolutionary Biology and Systematic Zoology, Institute of Biochemistry/Biology, University of Potsdam, 14476, Potsdam, Germany.
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Maier E, Zhang X, Abelmann A, Gersonde R, Mulitza S, Werner M, Méheust M, Ren J, Chapligin B, Meyer H, Stein R, Tiedemann R, Lohmann G. North Pacific freshwater events linked to changes in glacial ocean circulation. Nature 2018; 559:241-245. [PMID: 29995862 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-018-0276-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2017] [Accepted: 05/14/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
There is compelling evidence that episodic deposition of large volumes of freshwater into the oceans strongly influenced global ocean circulation and climate variability during glacial periods1,2. In the North Atlantic region, episodes of massive freshwater discharge to the North Atlantic Ocean were related to distinct cold periods known as Heinrich Stadials1-3. By contrast, the freshwater history of the North Pacific region remains unclear, giving rise to persistent debates about the existence and possible magnitude of climate links between the North Pacific and North Atlantic oceans during Heinrich Stadials4,5. Here we find that there was a strong connection between changes in North Atlantic circulation during Heinrich Stadials and injections of freshwater from the North American Cordilleran Ice Sheet to the northeastern North Pacific. Our record of diatom δ18O (a measure of the ratio of the stable oxygen isotopes 18O and 16O) over the past 50,000 years shows a decrease in surface seawater δ18O of two to three per thousand, corresponding to a decline in salinity of roughly two to four practical salinity units. This coincided with enhanced deposition of ice-rafted debris and a slight cooling of the sea surface in the northeastern North Pacific during Heinrich Stadials 1 and 4, but not during Heinrich Stadial 3. Furthermore, results from our isotope-enabled model6 suggest that warming of the eastern Equatorial Pacific during Heinrich Stadials was crucial for transmitting the North Atlantic signal to the northeastern North Pacific, where the associated subsurface warming resulted in a discernible freshwater discharge from the Cordilleran Ice Sheet during Heinrich Stadials 1 and 4. However, enhanced background cooling across the northern high latitudes during Heinrich Stadial 3-the coldest period in the past 50,000 years7-prevented subsurface warming of the northeastern North Pacific and thus increased freshwater discharge from the Cordilleran Ice Sheet. In combination, our results show that nonlinear ocean-atmosphere background interactions played a complex role in the dynamics linking the freshwater discharge responses of the North Atlantic and North Pacific during glacial periods.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Maier
- Alfred Wegener Institute Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research, Bremerhaven, Germany.
| | - X Zhang
- Alfred Wegener Institute Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research, Bremerhaven, Germany.
| | - A Abelmann
- Alfred Wegener Institute Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research, Bremerhaven, Germany
| | - R Gersonde
- Alfred Wegener Institute Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research, Bremerhaven, Germany
| | - S Mulitza
- MARUM-Center for Marine Environmental Sciences, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany
| | - M Werner
- Alfred Wegener Institute Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research, Bremerhaven, Germany
| | - M Méheust
- Alfred Wegener Institute Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research, Bremerhaven, Germany
| | - J Ren
- Alfred Wegener Institute Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research, Bremerhaven, Germany
| | - B Chapligin
- Alfred Wegener Institute Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research, Potsdam, Germany
| | - H Meyer
- Alfred Wegener Institute Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research, Potsdam, Germany
| | - R Stein
- Alfred Wegener Institute Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research, Bremerhaven, Germany
| | - R Tiedemann
- Alfred Wegener Institute Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research, Bremerhaven, Germany
| | - G Lohmann
- Alfred Wegener Institute Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research, Bremerhaven, Germany
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Scherer U, Tiedemann R, Schlupp I. Male size, not female preferences influence female reproductive success in a poeciliid fish (Poecilia latipinna): a combined behavioural/genetic approach. BMC Res Notes 2018; 11:364. [PMID: 29884214 PMCID: PMC5994011 DOI: 10.1186/s13104-018-3487-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2018] [Accepted: 06/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective We investigated the potential role of indirect benefits for female mate preferences in a highly promiscuous species of live-bearing fishes, the sailfin molly Poecilia latipinna using an integrative approach that combines methods from animal behavior, life-history evolution, and genetics. Males of this species solely contribute sperm for reproduction, and consequently females do not receive any direct benefits. Despite this, females typically show clear mate preferences. It has been suggested that females can increase their reproductive success through indirect benefits from choosing males of higher quality. Results Although preferences for large body size have been recorded as an honest signal for genetic quality, this particular study resulted in female preference being unaffected by male body size. Nonetheless, larger males did sire more offspring, but with no effect on offspring quality. This study presents a methodical innovation by combining preference testing with life history measurements—such as the determination of the dry weight of fish embryos—and paternity analyses on single fish embryos. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13104-018-3487-2) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulrike Scherer
- Unit of Evolutionary Biology/Systematic Zoology, University of Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Str. 24-25, 14476, Potsdam, Germany.,Institute of Zoology, Universität Hamburg, Martin-Luther-King-Platz 3, 20146, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Ralph Tiedemann
- Unit of Evolutionary Biology/Systematic Zoology, University of Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Str. 24-25, 14476, Potsdam, Germany.
| | - Ingo Schlupp
- Department of Zoology, University of Oklahoma, 730 Van Vleet Oval, Norman, OK, 73019, USA
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Nagel R, Kirschbaum F, Engelmann J, Hofmann V, Pawelzik F, Tiedemann R. Male-mediated species recognition among African weakly electric fishes. R Soc Open Sci 2018; 5:170443. [PMID: 29515818 PMCID: PMC5830707 DOI: 10.1098/rsos.170443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2017] [Accepted: 01/15/2018] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Effective communication among sympatric species is often instrumental for behavioural isolation, where the failure to successfully discriminate between potential mates could lead to less fit hybrid offspring. Discrimination between con- and heterospecifics tends to occur more often in the sex that invests more in offspring production, i.e. females, but males may also mediate reproductive isolation. In this study, we show that among two Campylomormyrus African weakly electric fish species, males preferentially associate with conspecific females during choice tests using live fish as stimuli, i.e. when all sensory modalities potentially used for communication were present. We then conducted playback experiments to determine whether the species-specific electric organ discharge (EOD) used for electrocommunication serves as the cue for this conspecific association preference. Interestingly, only C. compressirostris males associated significantly more with the conspecific EOD waveform when playback stimuli were provided, while no such association preference was observed in C. tamandua males. Given our results, the EOD appears to serve, in part, as a male-mediated pre-zygotic isolation mechanism among sympatric species. However, the failure of C. tamandua males to discriminate between con- and heterospecific playback discharges suggests that multiple modalities may be necessary for species recognition in some African weakly electric fish species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Nagel
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, Unit of Evolutionary Biology/Systematic Zoology, University of Potsdam, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Frank Kirschbaum
- Faculty of Life Sciences, Albrecht Daniel Thaer-Institute of Agricultural and Horticultural Sciences, Unit of Biology and Ecology of Fishes, Humboldt University of Berlin, 10115 Berlin, Germany
| | - Jacob Engelmann
- Active Sensing, Faculty of Biology, Cognitive Interaction Technology – Center of Excellence, Bielefeld University, 33602 Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Volker Hofmann
- Active Sensing, Faculty of Biology, Cognitive Interaction Technology – Center of Excellence, Bielefeld University, 33602 Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Felix Pawelzik
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, Unit of Evolutionary Biology/Systematic Zoology, University of Potsdam, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Ralph Tiedemann
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, Unit of Evolutionary Biology/Systematic Zoology, University of Potsdam, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
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40
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Schedina IM, Groth D, Schlupp I, Tiedemann R. The gonadal transcriptome of the unisexual Amazon molly Poecilia formosa in comparison to its sexual ancestors, Poecilia mexicana and Poecilia latipinna. BMC Genomics 2018; 19:12. [PMID: 29298680 PMCID: PMC5753479 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-017-4382-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2017] [Accepted: 12/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The unisexual Amazon molly (Poecilia formosa) originated from a hybridization between two sexual species, the sailfin molly (Poecilia latipinna) and the Atlantic molly (Poecilia mexicana). The Amazon molly reproduces clonally via sperm-dependent parthenogenesis (gynogenesis), in which the sperm of closely related species triggers embryogenesis of the apomictic oocytes, but typically does not contribute genetic material to the next generation. We compare for the first time the gonadal transcriptome of the Amazon molly to those of both ancestral species, P. mexicana and P. latipinna. Results We sequenced the gonadal transcriptomes of the P. formosa and its parental species P. mexicana and P. latipinna using Illumina RNA-sequencing techniques (paired-end, 100 bp). De novo assembly of about 50 million raw read pairs for each species was performed using Trinity, yielding 106,922 transcripts for P. formosa, 115,175 for P. latipinna, and 133,025 for P. mexicana after eliminating contaminations. On the basis of sequence similarity comparisons to other teleost species and the UniProt databases, functional annotation, and differential expression analysis, we demonstrate the similarity of the transcriptomes among the three species. More than 40% of the transcripts for each species were functionally annotated and about 70% were assigned to orthologous genes of a closely related species. Differential expression analysis between the sexual and unisexual species uncovered 2035 up-regulated and 564 down-regulated genes in P. formosa. This was exemplary validated for six genes by qRT-PCR. Conclusions We identified more than 130 genes related to meiosis and reproduction within the apomictically reproducing P. formosa. Overall expression of these genes seems to be down-regulated in the P. formosa transcriptome compared to both ancestral species (i.e., 106 genes down-regulated, 29 up-regulated). A further 35 meiosis and reproduction related genes were not found in the P. formosa transcriptome, but were only expressed in the sexual species. Our data support the hypothesis of general down-regulation of meiosis-related genes in the apomictic Amazon molly. Furthermore, the obtained dataset and identified gene catalog will serve as a resource for future research on the molecular mechanisms behind the reproductive mode of this unisexual species. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12864-017-4382-2) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ina Maria Schedina
- Unit of Evolutionary Biology/Systematic Zoology, Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, University of Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Straße 24-25, Haus 26, 14476, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Detlef Groth
- Department of Bioinformatics, Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, University of Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Straße 24-25, Haus 14, 14476, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Ingo Schlupp
- Department of Biology, University of Oklahoma, 730 Van Vleet Oval, Norman, OK, 73019, USA
| | - Ralph Tiedemann
- Unit of Evolutionary Biology/Systematic Zoology, Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, University of Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Straße 24-25, Haus 26, 14476, Potsdam, Germany.
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Autenrieth M, Ernst A, Deaville R, Demaret F, IJsseldijk LL, Siebert U, Tiedemann R. Putative origin and maternal relatedness of male sperm whales (Physeter macrocephalus) recently stranded in the North Sea. Mamm Biol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mambio.2017.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Valente L, Illera JC, Havenstein K, Pallien T, Etienne RS, Tiedemann R. Equilibrium Bird Species Diversity in Atlantic Islands. Curr Biol 2017; 27:1660-1666.e5. [PMID: 28528903 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2017.04.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2017] [Revised: 04/12/2017] [Accepted: 04/25/2017] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Half a century ago, MacArthur and Wilson proposed that the number of species on islands tends toward a dynamic equilibrium diversity around which species richness fluctuates [1]. The current prevailing view in island biogeography accepts the fundamentals of MacArthur and Wilson's theory [2] but questions whether their prediction of equilibrium can be fulfilled over evolutionary timescales, given the unpredictable and ever-changing nature of island geological and biotic features [3-7]. Here we conduct a complete molecular phylogenetic survey of the terrestrial bird species from four oceanic archipelagos that make up the diverse Macaronesian bioregion-the Azores, the Canary Islands, Cape Verde, and Madeira [8, 9]. We estimate the times at which birds colonized and speciated in the four archipelagos, including many previously unsampled endemic and non-endemic taxa and their closest continental relatives. We develop and fit a new multi-archipelago dynamic stochastic model to these data, explicitly incorporating information from 91 taxa, both extant and extinct. Remarkably, we find that all four archipelagos have independently achieved and maintained a dynamic equilibrium over millions of years. Biogeographical rates are homogeneous across archipelagos, except for the Canary Islands, which exhibit higher speciation and colonization. Our finding that the avian communities of the four Macaronesian archipelagos display an equilibrium diversity pattern indicates that a diversity plateau may be rapidly achieved on islands where rates of in situ radiation are low and extinction is high. This study reveals that equilibrium processes may be more prevalent than recently proposed, supporting MacArthur and Wilson's 50-year-old theory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis Valente
- Museum für Naturkunde, Leibniz Institute for Evolution and Biodiversity Science, Invalidenstraße 43, 10115 Berlin, Germany; Unit of Evolutionary Biology/Systematic Zoology, Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, University of Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Strasse 24-25, Haus 26, 14476 Potsdam, Germany.
| | - Juan Carlos Illera
- Research Unit of Biodiversity (UO-CSIC-PA), Oviedo University, 33600 Mieres, Asturias, Spain
| | - Katja Havenstein
- Unit of Evolutionary Biology/Systematic Zoology, Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, University of Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Strasse 24-25, Haus 26, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Tamara Pallien
- Unit of Evolutionary Biology/Systematic Zoology, Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, University of Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Strasse 24-25, Haus 26, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Rampal S Etienne
- Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences, University of Groningen, P.O. Box 11103, Groningen 9700 CC, the Netherlands
| | - Ralph Tiedemann
- Unit of Evolutionary Biology/Systematic Zoology, Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, University of Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Strasse 24-25, Haus 26, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
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Nagel R, Kirschbaum F, Tiedemann R. Electric organ discharge diversification in mormyrid weakly electric fish is associated with differential expression of voltage-gated ion channel genes. J Comp Physiol A Neuroethol Sens Neural Behav Physiol 2017; 203:183-195. [DOI: 10.1007/s00359-017-1151-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2016] [Revised: 01/23/2017] [Accepted: 01/25/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Kirschbaum F, Nguyen L, Baumgartner S, Chi HWL, Wolfart R, Elarbani K, Eppenstein H, Korniienko Y, Guido-Böhm L, Mamonekene V, Vater M, Tiedemann R. Intragenus (Campylomormyrus) and intergenus hybrids in mormyrid fish: Physiological and histological investigations of the electric organ ontogeny. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017; 110:281-301. [PMID: 28108418 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphysparis.2017.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2016] [Revised: 01/04/2017] [Accepted: 01/14/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
African weakly electric mormyrid fish show a high diversity of their electric organ discharge (EOD) both across and within genera. Thanks to a recently developed technique of artificial reproduction in mormyrid fish, we were able to perform hybridizations between different genera and within one genus (Campylomormyrus). The hybrids of intergenus hybridizations exhibited different degrees of reduced survival related to the phylogenetic distance of the parent species: hybrids of the crosses between C. rhynchophorus and its sister genus Gnathonemus survived and developed normally. Hybrids between C. rhynchophorus and a Mormyrus species (a more basal clade compared to Campylomormyrus s) survived up to 42days and developed many malformations, e.g., at the level of the unpaired fins. Hybrids between C. numenius and Hippopotamyrus pictus (a derived clade, only distantly related to Campylomormyrus) only survived for two days during embryological development. Eight different hybrid combinations among five Campylomormyrus species (C. tamandua, C. compressirostris, C. tshokwe, C. rhynchophorus, C. numenius) were performed. The aim of the hybridizations was to combine species with (1) either caudal or rostral position of the main stalk innervating the electrocytes in the electric organ and (2) short, median or long duration of their EOD. The hybrids, though they are still juveniles, show very interesting features concerning electrocyte geometry as well as EOD form and duration: the caudal position of the stalk is prevailing over the rostral position, and the penetration of the stalk is dominant over the non-penetrating feature (in the Campylomormyrus hybrids); in the hybrid between C. rhynchophorus and Gnathonemus petersii it is the opposite. When crossing species with long and short EODs, it is always the long duration EOD that is expressed in the hybrids. The F1-Hybrids of the cross C. tamandua×C. compressirostris are fertile: viable F2-fish could be obtained with artificial reproduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frank Kirschbaum
- Humboldt University, Faculty of Life Sciences, Unit of Biology and Ecology of Fishes, Philippstr. 13, Haus 16, D-10115 Berlin, Germany.
| | - Linh Nguyen
- Humboldt University, Faculty of Life Sciences, Unit of Biology and Ecology of Fishes, Philippstr. 13, Haus 16, D-10115 Berlin, Germany; University of Potsdam, Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, Unit of Evolutionary Biology/Systematic Zoology, Karl-Liebknecht-Str. 24-25, Haus 26, D-14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - Stephanie Baumgartner
- Humboldt University, Faculty of Life Sciences, Unit of Biology and Ecology of Fishes, Philippstr. 13, Haus 16, D-10115 Berlin, Germany
| | - Hiu Wan Linda Chi
- Humboldt University, Faculty of Life Sciences, Unit of Biology and Ecology of Fishes, Philippstr. 13, Haus 16, D-10115 Berlin, Germany
| | - Rene Wolfart
- Humboldt University, Faculty of Life Sciences, Unit of Biology and Ecology of Fishes, Philippstr. 13, Haus 16, D-10115 Berlin, Germany
| | - Khouloud Elarbani
- Humboldt University, Faculty of Life Sciences, Unit of Biology and Ecology of Fishes, Philippstr. 13, Haus 16, D-10115 Berlin, Germany
| | - Hari Eppenstein
- Humboldt University, Faculty of Life Sciences, Unit of Biology and Ecology of Fishes, Philippstr. 13, Haus 16, D-10115 Berlin, Germany
| | - Yevheniia Korniienko
- Humboldt University, Faculty of Life Sciences, Unit of Biology and Ecology of Fishes, Philippstr. 13, Haus 16, D-10115 Berlin, Germany
| | - Lilian Guido-Böhm
- Humboldt University, Faculty of Life Sciences, Unit of Biology and Ecology of Fishes, Philippstr. 13, Haus 16, D-10115 Berlin, Germany
| | - Victor Mamonekene
- Ecole Nationale Supérieure d'Agronomie et de Foresterie, Université Marien Ngouabi, B.P. 69, Brazzaville, People's Republic of Congo
| | - Marianne Vater
- University of Potsdam, Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, Unit of General Zoology, Karl-Liebknecht-Str. 24-25, Haus 26, D-14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - Ralph Tiedemann
- University of Potsdam, Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, Unit of Evolutionary Biology/Systematic Zoology, Karl-Liebknecht-Str. 24-25, Haus 26, D-14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany
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Lah L, Trense D, Benke H, Berggren P, Gunnlaugsson Þ, Lockyer C, Öztürk A, Öztürk B, Pawliczka I, Roos A, Siebert U, Skóra K, Víkingsson G, Tiedemann R. Spatially Explicit Analysis of Genome-Wide SNPs Detects Subtle Population Structure in a Mobile Marine Mammal, the Harbor Porpoise. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0162792. [PMID: 27783621 PMCID: PMC5082642 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0162792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2016] [Accepted: 08/29/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The population structure of the highly mobile marine mammal, the harbor porpoise (Phocoena phocoena), in the Atlantic shelf waters follows a pattern of significant isolation-by-distance. The population structure of harbor porpoises from the Baltic Sea, which is connected with the North Sea through a series of basins separated by shallow underwater ridges, however, is more complex. Here, we investigated the population differentiation of harbor porpoises in European Seas with a special focus on the Baltic Sea and adjacent waters, using a population genomics approach. We used 2872 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), derived from double digest restriction-site associated DNA sequencing (ddRAD-seq), as well as 13 microsatellite loci and mitochondrial haplotypes for the same set of individuals. Spatial principal components analysis (sPCA), and Bayesian clustering on a subset of SNPs suggest three main groupings at the level of all studied regions: the Black Sea, the North Atlantic, and the Baltic Sea. Furthermore, we observed a distinct separation of the North Sea harbor porpoises from the Baltic Sea populations, and identified splits between porpoise populations within the Baltic Sea. We observed a notable distinction between the Belt Sea and the Inner Baltic Sea sub-regions. Improved delineation of harbor porpoise population assignments for the Baltic based on genomic evidence is important for conservation management of this endangered cetacean in threatened habitats, particularly in the Baltic Sea proper. In addition, we show that SNPs outperform microsatellite markers and demonstrate the utility of RAD-tags from a relatively small, opportunistically sampled cetacean sample set for population diversity and divergence analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ljerka Lah
- Unit of Evolutionary Biology/Systematic Zoology, Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Daronja Trense
- Unit of Evolutionary Biology/Systematic Zoology, Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
| | | | - Per Berggren
- Dove Marine Laboratory, School of Marine Science and Technology, Newcastle University, Cullercoats, North Shields, United Kingdom
| | | | | | - Ayaka Öztürk
- Marine Biology Department, Faculty of Fisheries, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Bayram Öztürk
- Marine Biology Department, Faculty of Fisheries, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | | | - Anna Roos
- Swedish Museum of Natural History, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ursula Siebert
- Institute for Terrestrial and Aquatic Wildlife Research (ITAW), University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover Foundation, Büsum, Germany
| | | | | | - Ralph Tiedemann
- Unit of Evolutionary Biology/Systematic Zoology, Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
- * E-mail:
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Abstract
Relatedness strongly influences social behaviors in a wide variety of species. For most species, the highest typical degree of relatedness is between full siblings with 50% shared genes. However, this is poorly understood in species with unusually high relatedness between individuals: clonal organisms. Although there has been some investigation into clonal invertebrates and yeast, nothing is known about kin selection in clonal vertebrates. We show that a clonal fish, the Amazon molly (Poecilia formosa), can distinguish between different clonal lineages, associating with genetically identical, sister clones, and use multiple sensory modalities. Also, they scale their aggressive behaviors according to the relatedness to other females: they are more aggressive to non-related clones. Our results demonstrate that even in species with very small genetic differences between individuals, kin recognition can be adaptive. Their discriminatory abilities and regulation of costly behaviors provides a powerful example of natural selection in species with limited genetic diversity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amber M. Makowicz
- Department of Biology, Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Oklahoma, 730 Van Vleet Oval, Norman, OK 73019, United States of America
- Department of Biology, Lehrstuhl für Zoologie und Evolutionsbiologie, University Konstanz, Universitätsstraβe 10, 78457 Konstanz, Germany
- * E-mail:
| | - Ralph Tiedemann
- Unit of Evolutionary Biology/Systematic Zoology, Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, University of Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Strasse 24–25, 14476 Golm, Germany
| | - Rachel N. Steele
- Department of Biology, Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Oklahoma, 730 Van Vleet Oval, Norman, OK 73019, United States of America
| | - Ingo Schlupp
- Department of Biology, Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Oklahoma, 730 Van Vleet Oval, Norman, OK 73019, United States of America
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Lamanna F, Kirschbaum F, Ernst AR, Feulner PG, Mamonekene V, Paul C, Tiedemann R. Species delimitation and phylogenetic relationships in a genus of African weakly-electric fishes (Osteoglossiformes, Mormyridae, Campylomormyrus). Mol Phylogenet Evol 2016; 101:8-18. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2016.04.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2015] [Revised: 04/26/2016] [Accepted: 04/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Zhu F, Schlupp I, Tiedemann R. Sequence Evolution and Expression of the Androgen Receptor and Other Pathway-Related Genes in a Unisexual Fish, the Amazon Molly, Poecilia formosa, and Its Bisexual Ancestors. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0156209. [PMID: 27249369 PMCID: PMC4889153 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0156209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2015] [Accepted: 05/06/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The all-female Amazon molly (Poecilia formosa) originated from a single hybridization of two bisexual ancestors, Atlantic molly (Poecilia mexicana) and sailfin molly (Poecilia latipinna). As a gynogenetic species, the Amazon molly needs to copulate with a heterospecific male, but the genetic information of the sperm-donor does not contribute to the next generation, as the sperm only acts as the trigger for the diploid eggs' embryogenesis. Here, we study the sequence evolution and gene expression of the duplicated genes coding for androgen receptors (ars) and other pathway-related genes, i.e., the estrogen receptors (ers) and cytochrome P450, family19, subfamily A, aromatase genes (cyp19as), in the Amazon molly, in comparison to its bisexual ancestors. Mollies possess-as most other teleost fish-two copies of the ar, er, and cyp19a genes, i.e., arα/arβ, erα/erβ1, and cyp19a1 (also referred as cyp19a1a)/cyp19a2 (also referred to as cyp19a1b), respectively. Non-synonymous single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) among the ancestral bisexual species were generally predicted not to alter protein function. Some derived substitutions in the P. mexicana and one in P. formosa are predicted to impact protein function. We also describe the gene expression pattern of the ars and pathway-related genes in various tissues (i.e., brain, gill, and ovary) and provide SNP markers for allele specific expression research. As a general tendency, the levels of gene expression were lowest in gill and highest in ovarian tissues, while expression levels in the brain were intermediate in most cases. Expression levels in P. formosa were conserved where expression did not differ between the two bisexual ancestors. In those cases where gene expression levels significantly differed between the bisexual species, P. formosa expression was always comparable to the higher expression level among the two ancestors. Interestingly, erβ1 was expressed neither in brain nor in gill in the analyzed three molly species, which implies a more important role of erα in the estradiol synthesis pathway in these tissues. Furthermore, our data suggest that interactions of steroid-signaling pathway genes differ across tissues, in particular the interactions of ars and cyp19as.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangjun Zhu
- University of Evolutionary Biology/Systematic Zoology, Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Ingo Schlupp
- Department of Biology, University of Oklahoma, Norman, Oklahoma, United States of America
| | - Ralph Tiedemann
- University of Evolutionary Biology/Systematic Zoology, Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
- * E-mail:
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Ronge TA, Tiedemann R, Lamy F, Köhler P, Alloway BV, De Pol-Holz R, Pahnke K, Southon J, Wacker L. Radiocarbon constraints on the extent and evolution of the South Pacific glacial carbon pool. Nat Commun 2016; 7:11487. [PMID: 27157845 PMCID: PMC4865812 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms11487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2015] [Accepted: 04/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
During the last deglaciation, the opposing patterns of atmospheric CO2 and radiocarbon activities (Δ(14)C) suggest the release of (14)C-depleted CO2 from old carbon reservoirs. Although evidences point to the deep Pacific as a major reservoir of this (14)C-depleted carbon, its extent and evolution still need to be constrained. Here we use sediment cores retrieved along a South Pacific transect to reconstruct the spatio-temporal evolution of Δ(14)C over the last 30,000 years. In ∼2,500-3,600 m water depth, we find (14)C-depleted deep waters with a maximum glacial offset to atmospheric (14)C (ΔΔ(14)C=-1,000‰). Using a box model, we test the hypothesis that these low values might have been caused by an interaction of aging and hydrothermal CO2 influx. We observe a rejuvenation of circumpolar deep waters synchronous and potentially contributing to the initial deglacial rise in atmospheric CO2. These findings constrain parts of the glacial carbon pool to the deep South Pacific.
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Affiliation(s)
- T A Ronge
- Alfred-Wegener-Institut Helmholtz-Zentrum für Polar- und Meeresforschung, Department for Marine Geology, PO Box 120161, Bremerhaven 27515, Germany
| | - R Tiedemann
- Alfred-Wegener-Institut Helmholtz-Zentrum für Polar- und Meeresforschung, Department for Marine Geology, PO Box 120161, Bremerhaven 27515, Germany
| | - F Lamy
- Alfred-Wegener-Institut Helmholtz-Zentrum für Polar- und Meeresforschung, Department for Marine Geology, PO Box 120161, Bremerhaven 27515, Germany
| | - P Köhler
- Alfred-Wegener-Institut Helmholtz-Zentrum für Polar- und Meeresforschung, Department for Marine Geology, PO Box 120161, Bremerhaven 27515, Germany
| | - B V Alloway
- School of Geography, Environment and Earth Sciences, Victoria University of Wellington, PO Box 600, 6012 Wellington, New Zealand
| | - R De Pol-Holz
- GAIA-Antartica, Universidad de Magallanes, Punta Arenas 01855, Chile
| | - K Pahnke
- Max Planck Research Group-Marine Isotope Geochemistry, Institute for Chemistry and Biology of the Marine Environment, Department of Marine Isotope Geochemistry, Carl von Ossietzky University, PO Box 2503, Oldenburg 26111, Germany
| | - J Southon
- School of Physical Science, Department of Earth Science, University of California, Irvine, California 92697-4675, USA
| | - L Wacker
- Laboratory of Ion Beam Physics (HPK), Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule, Schafmattstrasse 20, Zürich 8093, Switzerland
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50
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Stoof-Leichsenring KR, Herzschuh U, Pestryakova LA, Klemm J, Epp LS, Tiedemann R. Genetic data from algae sedimentary DNA reflect the influence of environment over geography. Sci Rep 2015; 5:12924. [PMID: 26261899 PMCID: PMC4542542 DOI: 10.1038/srep12924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2014] [Accepted: 07/09/2015] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Genetic investigations on eukaryotic plankton confirmed the existence of modern biogeographic patterns, but analyses of palaeoecological data exploring the temporal variability of these patterns have rarely been presented. Ancient sedimentary DNA proved suitable for investigations of past assemblage turnover in the course of environmental change, but genetic relatedness of the identified lineages has not yet been undertaken. Here, we investigate the relatedness of diatom lineages in Siberian lakes along environmental gradients (i.e. across treeline transects), over geographic distance and through time (i.e. the last 7000 years) using modern and ancient sedimentary DNA. Our results indicate that closely-related Staurosira lineages occur in similar environments and less-related lineages in dissimilar environments, in our case different vegetation and co-varying climatic and limnic variables across treeline transects. Thus our study reveals that environmental conditions rather than geographic distance is reflected by diatom-relatedness patterns in space and time. We tentatively speculate that the detected relatedness pattern in Staurosira across the treeline could be a result of adaptation to diverse environmental conditions across the arctic boreal treeline, however, a geographically-driven divergence and subsequent repopulation of ecologically different habitats might also be a potential explanation for the observed pattern.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathleen R Stoof-Leichsenring
- Alfred Wegener Institute Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research, Periglacial Research, Telegrafenberg A43, 14473 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Ulrike Herzschuh
- 1] Alfred Wegener Institute Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research, Periglacial Research, Telegrafenberg A43, 14473 Potsdam, Germany [2] University of Potsdam, Institute of Earth and Environmental Science, Karl-Liebknecht-Strasse 24-25, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Luidmila A Pestryakova
- North-Eastern Federal University of Yakutsk, Department for Geography and Biology, ul. Belinskogo 58, 677000 Yakutsk, Russia
| | - Juliane Klemm
- Alfred Wegener Institute Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research, Periglacial Research, Telegrafenberg A43, 14473 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Laura S Epp
- Alfred Wegener Institute Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research, Periglacial Research, Telegrafenberg A43, 14473 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Ralph Tiedemann
- University of Potsdam, Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, Unit of Evolutionary Biology/Systematic Zoology, Karl-Liebknecht-Strasse 24-25, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
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