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Lopez-Moreno A, Cerk K, Rodrigo L, Suarez A, Aguilera M, Ruiz-Rodriguez A. Bisphenol A exposure affects specific gut taxa and drives microbiota dynamics in childhood obesity. mSystems 2024; 9:e0095723. [PMID: 38426791 PMCID: PMC10949422 DOI: 10.1128/msystems.00957-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Cumulative xenobiotic exposure has an environmental and human health impact which is currently assessed under the One Health approach. Bisphenol A (BPA) exposure and its potential link with childhood obesity that has parallelly increased during the last decades deserve special attention. It stands during prenatal or early life and could trigger comorbidities and non-communicable diseases along life. Accumulation in the nature of synthetic chemicals supports the "environmental obesogen" hypothesis, such as BPA. This estrogen-mimicking xenobiotic has shown endocrine disruptive and obesogenic effects accompanied by gut microbiota misbalance that is not yet well elucidated. This study aimed to investigate specific microbiota taxa isolated and selected by direct BPA exposure and reveal its role on the overall children microbiota community and dynamics, driving toward specific obesity dysbiosis. A total of 333 BPA-resistant isolated species obtained through culturing after several exposure conditions were evaluated for their role and interplay with the global microbial community. The selected BPA-cultured taxa biomarkers showed a significant impact on alpha diversity. Specifically, Clostridium and Romboutsia were positively associated promoting the richness of microbiota communities, while Intestinibacter, Escherichia-Shigella, Bifidobacterium, and Lactobacillus were negatively associated. Microbial community dynamics and networks analyses showed differences according to the study groups. The normal-weight children group exhibited a more enriched, structured, and connected taxa network compared to overweight and obese groups, which could represent a more resilient community to xenobiotic substances. In this sense, subnetwork analysis generated with the BPA-cultured genera showed a correlation between taxa connectivity and more diverse potential enzymatic BPA degradation capacities.IMPORTANCEOur findings indicate how gut microbiota taxa with the capacity to grow in BPA were differentially represented within differential body mass index children study groups and how these taxa affected the overall dynamics toward patterns of diversity generally recognized in dysbiosis. Community network and subnetwork analyses corroborated the better connectedness and stability profiles for normal-weight group compared to the overweight and obese groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Lopez-Moreno
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Granada, Campus of Cartuja, Granada, Spain
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology "José Mataix" (INYTA), Centre of Biomedical Research, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- />Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs, Granada, Spain
| | - Klara Cerk
- Quadram Institute Bioscience, Rosalind Franklin Road, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, United Kingdom
| | - Lourdes Rodrigo
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology "José Mataix" (INYTA), Centre of Biomedical Research, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Antonio Suarez
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology "José Mataix" (INYTA), Centre of Biomedical Research, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Faculty of Pharmacy, Campus of Cartuja, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Margarita Aguilera
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Granada, Campus of Cartuja, Granada, Spain
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology "José Mataix" (INYTA), Centre of Biomedical Research, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- />Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs, Granada, Spain
| | - Alicia Ruiz-Rodriguez
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Granada, Campus of Cartuja, Granada, Spain
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology "José Mataix" (INYTA), Centre of Biomedical Research, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Faculty of Pharmacy, Campus of Cartuja, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
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2
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Maghini DG, Oduaran OH, Wirbel J, Olubayo LAI, Smyth N, Mathema T, Belger CW, Agongo G, Boua PR, Choma SSR, Gómez-Olivé FX, Kisiangani I, Mashaba GR, Micklesfield L, Mohamed SF, Nonterah EA, Norris S, Sorgho H, Tollman S, Wafawanaka F, Tluway F, Ramsay M, Bhatt AS, Hazelhurst S. Expanding the human gut microbiome atlas of Africa. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.03.13.584859. [PMID: 38559015 PMCID: PMC10980044 DOI: 10.1101/2024.03.13.584859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Population studies are crucial in understanding the complex interplay between the gut microbiome and geographical, lifestyle, genetic, and environmental factors. However, populations from low- and middle-income countries, which represent ~84% of the world population, have been excluded from large-scale gut microbiome research. Here, we present the AWI-Gen 2 Microbiome Project, a cross-sectional gut microbiome study sampling 1,803 women from Burkina Faso, Ghana, Kenya, and South Africa. By intensively engaging with communities that range from rural and horticultural to urban informal settlements and post-industrial, we capture population diversity that represents a far greater breadth of the world's population. Using shotgun metagenomic sequencing, we find that study site explains substantially more microbial variation than disease status. We identify taxa with strong geographic and lifestyle associations, including loss of Treponema and Cryptobacteroides species and gain of Bifidobacterium species in urban populations. We uncover a wealth of prokaryotic and viral novelty, including 1,005 new bacterial metagenome-assembled genomes, and identify phylogeography signatures in Treponema succinifaciens. Finally, we find a microbiome signature of HIV infection that is defined by several taxa not previously associated with HIV, including Dysosmobacter welbionis and Enterocloster sp. This study represents the largest population-representative survey of gut metagenomes of African individuals to date, and paired with extensive clinical biomarkers, demographic data, and lifestyle information, provides extensive opportunity for microbiome-related discovery and research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dylan G Maghini
- Sydney Brenner Institute for Molecular Bioscience, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
- Department of Medicine (Hematology), Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Ovokeraye H Oduaran
- Sydney Brenner Institute for Molecular Bioscience, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Jakob Wirbel
- Department of Medicine (Hematology), Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Luicer A Ingasia Olubayo
- Sydney Brenner Institute for Molecular Bioscience, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Natalie Smyth
- Sydney Brenner Institute for Molecular Bioscience, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Theophilous Mathema
- Sydney Brenner Institute for Molecular Bioscience, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Carl W Belger
- Sydney Brenner Institute for Molecular Bioscience, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Godfred Agongo
- Department of Biochemistry and Forensic Sciences, C. K. Tedam University of Technology and Applied Sciences, Navrongo, Ghana
| | - Palwendé R Boua
- Sydney Brenner Institute for Molecular Bioscience, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
- Clinical Research Unit of Nanoro, Institut de Recherche en Sciences de la Santé, Burkina Faso
| | - Solomon SR Choma
- DIMAMO Population Health Research Centre, University of Limpopo, South Africa
| | - F Xavier Gómez-Olivé
- MRC/Wits Rural Public Health and Health Transitions Research Unit (Agincourt), Faculty of Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | | | - Given R Mashaba
- DIMAMO Population Health Research Centre, University of Limpopo, South Africa
| | - Lisa Micklesfield
- SAMRC/Wits Developmental Pathways for Health Research Unit, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | | | | | - Shane Norris
- SAMRC/Wits Developmental Pathways for Health Research Unit, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
- School of Human Development and Health, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Hermann Sorgho
- Clinical Research Unit of Nanoro, Institut de Recherche en Sciences de la Santé, Burkina Faso
| | - Stephen Tollman
- MRC/Wits Rural Public Health and Health Transitions Research Unit (Agincourt), Faculty of Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Floidy Wafawanaka
- MRC/Wits Rural Public Health and Health Transitions Research Unit (Agincourt), Faculty of Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Furahini Tluway
- Sydney Brenner Institute for Molecular Bioscience, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Michèle Ramsay
- Sydney Brenner Institute for Molecular Bioscience, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Ami S Bhatt
- Department of Medicine (Hematology, Blood and Marrow Transplantation), Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Scott Hazelhurst
- Sydney Brenner Institute for Molecular Bioscience, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
- School of Electrical & Information Engineering, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
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3
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Jeong S, Hunter SD, Cook MD, Grosicki GJ, Robinson AT. Salty Subjects: Unpacking Racial Differences in Salt-Sensitive Hypertension. Curr Hypertens Rep 2024; 26:43-58. [PMID: 37878224 DOI: 10.1007/s11906-023-01275-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/26/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW To review underlying mechanisms and environmental factors that may influence racial disparities in the development of salt-sensitive blood pressure. RECENT FINDINGS Our group and others have observed racial differences in diet and hydration, which may influence salt sensitivity. Dietary salt elicits negative alterations to the gut microbiota and immune system, which may increase hypertension risk, but little is known regarding potential racial differences in these physiological responses. Antioxidant supplementation and exercise offset vascular dysfunction following dietary salt, including in Black adults. Furthermore, recent work proposes the role of racial differences in exposure to social determinants of health, and differences in health behaviors that may influence risk of salt sensitivity. Physiological and environmental factors contribute to the mechanisms that manifest in racial differences in salt-sensitive blood pressure. Using this information, additional work is needed to develop strategies that can attenuate racial disparities in salt-sensitive blood pressure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soolim Jeong
- Neurovascular Physiology Laboratory (NVPL), School of Kinesiology, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, 36849, USA
| | - Stacy D Hunter
- Department of Health & Human Performance, Texas State University, San Marcos, TX, 78666, USA
| | - Marc D Cook
- Department of Kinesiology, North Carolina Agriculture and Technology State University, Greensboro, NC, 27411, USA
| | - Gregory J Grosicki
- Biodynamics and Human Performance Center, Georgia Southern University (Armstrong Campus), Savannah, GA, 31419, USA
| | - Austin T Robinson
- Neurovascular Physiology Laboratory (NVPL), School of Kinesiology, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, 36849, USA.
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4
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Chalifour BN, Trifonova DI, Holzhausen EA, Bailey MJ, Schmidt KA, Babaei M, Mokhtari P, Goran MI, Alderete TL. Characterizing alterations in the gut microbiota following postpartum weight change. mSystems 2023; 8:e0080823. [PMID: 37905810 PMCID: PMC10734492 DOI: 10.1128/msystems.00808-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 11/02/2023] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE Previous research has reported differences in the gut microbiome associated with varying body compositions. More specifically, within populations of mothers, the focus has been on the impact of gestational weight gain. This is the first study to examine postpartum weight change and its association with changes in the gut microbiome, similarly, it is the first to use a Latina cohort to do so. The results support the idea that weight gain may be an important factor in reducing gut microbiome network connectivity, diversity, and changing abundances of specific microbial taxa, all measures thought to impact host health. These results suggest that weight gain dynamically alters mothers' gut microbial communities in the first 6 months postpartum, with comparatively little change in mothers who lost weight; further research is needed to examine the health consequences of such changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bridget N. Chalifour
- Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado, USA
| | - Diana I. Trifonova
- Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado, USA
| | - Elizabeth A. Holzhausen
- Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado, USA
| | - Maximilian J. Bailey
- Stanford University School of Medicine, Leland Stanford Junior University, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Kelsey A. Schmidt
- Children’s Hospital Los Angeles, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Mahsa Babaei
- Children’s Hospital Los Angeles, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Pari Mokhtari
- Children’s Hospital Los Angeles, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Michael I. Goran
- Children’s Hospital Los Angeles, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Tanya L. Alderete
- Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado, USA
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5
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Midya V, Lane JM, Gennings C, Torres-Olascoaga LA, Gregory JK, Wright RO, Arora M, Téllez-Rojo MM, Eggers S. Prenatal Lead Exposure Is Associated with Reduced Abundance of Beneficial Gut Microbial Cliques in Late Childhood: An Investigation Using Microbial Co-Occurrence Analysis (MiCA). ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2023; 57:16800-16810. [PMID: 37878664 PMCID: PMC10634322 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.3c04346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Revised: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023]
Abstract
Many analytical methods used in gut microbiome research focus on either single bacterial taxa or the whole microbiome, ignoring multibacteria relationships (microbial cliques). We present a novel analytical approach to identify microbial cliques within the gut microbiome of children at 9-11 years associated with prenatal lead (Pb) exposure. Data came from a subset of participants (n = 123) in the Programming Research in Obesity, Growth, Environment and Social Stressors cohort. Pb concentrations were measured in maternal whole blood from the second and third trimesters of pregnancy. Stool samples collected at 9-11 years old underwent metagenomic sequencing to assess the gut microbiome. Using a novel analytical approach, Microbial Co-occurrence Analysis (MiCA), we paired a machine learning algorithm with randomization-based inference to first identify microbial cliques that were predictive of prenatal Pb exposure and then estimate the association between prenatal Pb exposure and microbial clique abundance. With second-trimester Pb exposure, we identified a two-taxa microbial clique that included Bifidobacterium adolescentis and Ruminococcus callidus and a three-taxa clique that also included Prevotella clara. Increasing second-trimester Pb exposure was associated with significantly increased odds of having the two-taxa microbial clique below the median relative abundance (odds ratio (OR) = 1.03, 95% confidence interval (CI) [1.01-1.05]). Using a novel combination of machine learning and causal inference, MiCA identified a significant association between second-trimester Pb exposure and the reduced abundance of a probiotic microbial clique within the gut microbiome in late childhood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vishal Midya
- Department
of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York 10029, United States
| | - Jamil M. Lane
- Department
of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York 10029, United States
| | - Chris Gennings
- Department
of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York 10029, United States
| | - Libni A. Torres-Olascoaga
- Center
for Research on Nutrition and Health, National
Institute of Public Health, Cuernavaca 62100, Mexico
| | - Jill K. Gregory
- Instructional
Technology Group, Icahn School of Medicine
at Mount Sinai, New York, New York 10029, United States
| | - Robert O. Wright
- Department
of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York 10029, United States
| | - Manish Arora
- Department
of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York 10029, United States
| | - Martha Maria Téllez-Rojo
- Center
for Research on Nutrition and Health, National
Institute of Public Health, Cuernavaca 62100, Mexico
| | - Shoshannah Eggers
- Department
of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York 10029, United States
- Department
of Epidemiology, University of Iowa College
of Public Health, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United States
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6
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Tang X, Zhang L, Ren S, Zhao Y, Liu K, Zhang Y. Stochastic Processes Derive Gut Fungi Community Assembly of Plateau Pikas ( Ochotona curzoniae) along Altitudinal Gradients across Warm and Cold Seasons. J Fungi (Basel) 2023; 9:1032. [PMID: 37888290 PMCID: PMC10607853 DOI: 10.3390/jof9101032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2023] [Revised: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Although fungi occupy only a small proportion of the microbial community in the intestinal tract of mammals, they play important roles in host fat accumulation, nutrition metabolism, metabolic health, and immune development. Here, we investigated the dynamics and assembly of gut fungal communities in plateau pikas inhabiting six altitudinal gradients across warm and cold seasons. We found that the relative abundances of Podospora and Sporormiella significantly decreased with altitudinal gradients in the warm season, whereas the relative abundance of Sarocladium significantly increased. Alpha diversity significantly decreased with increasing altitudinal gradient in the warm and cold seasons. Distance-decay analysis showed that fungal community similarities were significantly and negatively correlated with elevation. The co-occurrence network complexity significantly decreased along the altitudinal gradients as the total number of nodes, number of edges, and degree of nodes significantly decreased. Both the null and neutral model analyses showed that stochastic or neutral processes dominated the gut fungal community assembly in both seasons and that ecological drift was the main ecological process explaining the variation in the gut fungal community across different plateau pikas. Homogeneous selection played a weak role in structuring gut fungal community assembly during the warm season. Collectively, these results expand our understanding of the distribution patterns of gut fungal communities and elucidate the mechanisms that maintain fungal diversity in the gut ecosystems of small mammals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianjiang Tang
- Key Laboratory of Adaptation and Evolution of Plateau Biota, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining 810008, China
- Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Ecological Genomics, Xining 810008, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Liangzhi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Adaptation and Evolution of Plateau Biota, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining 810008, China
- Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Ecological Genomics, Xining 810008, China
| | - Shien Ren
- Key Laboratory of Adaptation and Evolution of Plateau Biota, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining 810008, China
- Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Ecological Genomics, Xining 810008, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yaqi Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Adaptation and Evolution of Plateau Biota, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining 810008, China
- Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Ecological Genomics, Xining 810008, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Kai Liu
- Qinghai Provincial Grassland Station, Xining 810008, China
| | - Yanming Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Adaptation and Evolution of Plateau Biota, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining 810008, China
- Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Ecological Genomics, Xining 810008, China
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7
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Park S, Li C, Wu X, Zhang T. Gut Microbiota Alterations and Their Functional Differences in Depression According to Enterotypes in Asian Individuals. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:13329. [PMID: 37686135 PMCID: PMC10487633 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241713329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2023] [Revised: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate alterations in the gut microbiota of patients with depression compared to those in the gut microbiota of healthy individuals based on enterotypes as a classification framework. Fecal bacteria FASTA/Q samples from 333 Chinese participants, including 107 healthy individuals (Healthy group) and 226 individuals suffering from depression (DP group), were analyzed. The participants were classified into three enterotypes: Bacteroidaceae (ET-B), Lachnospiraceae (ET-L), and Prevotellaceae (ET-P). An α-diversity analysis revealed no significant differences in microbial diversity between the Healthy and DP groups across all enterotypes. However, there were substantial differences in the gut microbial composition for β-diversity, particularly within ET-L and ET-B. The DP group within ET-B exhibited a higher abundance of Proteobacteria, while a linear discriminant analysis (LDA) of the DP group showed an increased relative abundance of specific genera, such as Mediterraneibacter, Blautia, Bifidobacterium, and Clostridium. Within ET-L, Bifidobacterium, Blautia, Clostridium, Collinsella, and Corynebacterium were significantly higher in the DP group in the LDA and ANOVA-like differential expression-2 (ALDEx2) analyses. At the species level of ET-L, Blautia luti, Blautia provencensis, Blautia glucerasea, Clostridium innocuum, Clostridium porci, and Clostridium leptum were the primary bacteria in the DP group identified using the machine learning approach. A network analysis revealed a more tightly interconnected microbial community within ET-L than within ET-B. This suggests a potentially stronger functional relationship among the gut microbiota in ET-L. The metabolic pathways related to glucose metabolism, tryptophan and tyrosine metabolism, neurotransmitter metabolism, and immune-related functions showed strong negative associations with depression, particularly within ET-L. These findings provide insights into the gut-brain axis and its role in the pathogenesis of depression, thus contributing to our understanding of the underlying mechanisms in Asian individuals. Further research is warranted to explain the mechanistic links between gut microbiota and depression and to explore their potential for use in precision medicine interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunmin Park
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Obesity/Diabetes Research Center, Hoseo University, Asan-si 31499, Republic of Korea; (C.L.); (T.Z.)
- Department of Bioconvergence, Hoseo University, Asan-si 31499, Republic of Korea;
| | - Chen Li
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Obesity/Diabetes Research Center, Hoseo University, Asan-si 31499, Republic of Korea; (C.L.); (T.Z.)
| | - Xuangao Wu
- Department of Bioconvergence, Hoseo University, Asan-si 31499, Republic of Korea;
| | - Tianshun Zhang
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Obesity/Diabetes Research Center, Hoseo University, Asan-si 31499, Republic of Korea; (C.L.); (T.Z.)
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8
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Ecklu-Mensah G, Choo-Kang C, Maseng MG, Donato S, Bovet P, Viswanathan B, Bedu-Addo K, Plange-Rhule J, Oti Boateng P, Forrester TE, Williams M, Lambert EV, Rae D, Sinyanya N, Luke A, Layden BT, O'Keefe S, Gilbert JA, Dugas LR. Gut microbiota and fecal short chain fatty acids differ with adiposity and country of origin: the METS-microbiome study. Nat Commun 2023; 14:5160. [PMID: 37620311 PMCID: PMC10449869 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-40874-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The relationship between microbiota, short chain fatty acids (SCFAs), and obesity remains enigmatic. We employ amplicon sequencing and targeted metabolomics in a large (n = 1904) African origin cohort from Ghana, South Africa, Jamaica, Seychelles, and the US. Microbiota diversity and fecal SCFAs are greatest in Ghanaians, and lowest in Americans, representing each end of the urbanization spectrum. Obesity is significantly associated with a reduction in SCFA concentration, microbial diversity, and SCFA synthesizing bacteria, with country of origin being the strongest explanatory factor. Diabetes, glucose state, hypertension, obesity, and sex can be accurately predicted from the global microbiota, but when analyzed at the level of country, predictive accuracy is only universally maintained for sex. Diabetes, glucose, and hypertension are only predictive in certain low-income countries. Our findings suggest that adiposity-related microbiota differences differ between low-to-middle-income compared to high-income countries. Further investigation is needed to determine the factors driving this association.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gertrude Ecklu-Mensah
- Department of Pediatrics, Center for Microbiome Innovation, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Candice Choo-Kang
- Public Health Sciences, Parkinson School of Health Sciences and Public Health, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL, USA
| | - Maria Gjerstad Maseng
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Dep. of Gastroenterology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Bio-Me, Oslo, Norway
| | - Sonya Donato
- Department of Pediatrics, Center for Microbiome Innovation, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Pascal Bovet
- University Center for Primary Care and Public Health (Unisanté), Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Ministry of Health, Victoria, Republic of Seychelles
| | | | - Kweku Bedu-Addo
- Department of Physiology, SMS, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Jacob Plange-Rhule
- Department of Physiology, SMS, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Prince Oti Boateng
- Department of Physiology, SMS, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Terrence E Forrester
- Solutions for Developing Countries, University of the West Indies, Mona, Kingston, Jamaica
| | - Marie Williams
- Solutions for Developing Countries, University of the West Indies, Mona, Kingston, Jamaica
| | - Estelle V Lambert
- Research Unit for Exercise Science and Sports Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Dale Rae
- Research Unit for Exercise Science and Sports Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Nandipha Sinyanya
- Research Unit for Exercise Science and Sports Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Amy Luke
- Public Health Sciences, Parkinson School of Health Sciences and Public Health, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL, USA
| | - Brian T Layden
- Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
- Jesse Brown Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Stephen O'Keefe
- Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Jack A Gilbert
- Department of Pediatrics, Center for Microbiome Innovation, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
| | - Lara R Dugas
- Public Health Sciences, Parkinson School of Health Sciences and Public Health, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL, USA.
- Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.
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9
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Ahmad MA, Karavetian M, Moubareck CA, Wazz G, Mahdy T, Venema K. Association of the gut microbiota with clinical variables in obese and lean Emirati subjects. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1182460. [PMID: 37680528 PMCID: PMC10481963 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1182460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Growing evidence supports the role of gut microbiota in obesity, yet exact associations remain largely unknown. Specifically, very little is known about this association in the Emirati population. Methods We explored differences in gut microbiota composition, particularly the Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes (F/B) ratio, between 43 obese and 31 lean adult Emirate counterparts, and its association with obesity markers, by using V3-V4 regions of 16 S ribosomal RNA gene sequencing data. Furthermore, we collected anthropometric and biochemical data. Results The two major phyla in obese and lean groups were Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes. We observed a significantly lower alpha diversity (Shannon index) in obese subjects and a significant difference in beta diversity and phylum and genus levels between the two groups. The obese group had higher abundances of Verrucomicrobia and Saccharibacteira and lower abundances of Lentisphaerae. Acidaminococcus and Lachnospira were more abundant in obese subjects and positively correlated with adiposity markers. No correlations were found between the gut microbiota and biochemical variables, such as fasting blood sugar, total cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, and triglycerides. Conclusion We reveal significant differences in the gut microbiota between obese and lean adult Emiratis and an association between certain microbial genera of the gut microbiota and obesity. A better understanding of the interactions between gut microbes, diet, lifestyle, and health is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manal Ali Ahmad
- School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism (NUTRIM), Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Mirey Karavetian
- Faculty of Kinesiology and Physical Education, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | | | - Gabi Wazz
- Center of Excellence in Bariatric and Metabolic Surgery, Dr. Sulaiman Al Habib Hospital, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Tarek Mahdy
- Department of Bariatric Surgery, Sharjah University, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Koen Venema
- Centre for Healthy Eating and Food Innovation (HEFI), Maastricht University-Campus Venlo, Venlo, Netherlands
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10
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Midya V, Lane JM, Gennings C, Torres-Olascoaga LA, Wright RO, Arora M, Téllez-Rojo MM, Eggers S. Prenatal Pb exposure is associated with reduced abundance of beneficial gut microbial cliques in late childhood: an investigation using Microbial Co-occurrence Analysis (MiCA). MEDRXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR HEALTH SCIENCES 2023:2023.05.18.23290127. [PMID: 37293091 PMCID: PMC10246125 DOI: 10.1101/2023.05.18.23290127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Background Many analytical methods used in gut microbiome research focus on either single bacterial taxa or the whole microbiome, ignoring multi-bacteria relationships (microbial cliques). We present a novel analytical approach to identify multiple bacterial taxa within the gut microbiome of children at 9-11 years associated with prenatal Pb exposure. Methods Data came from a subset of participants (n=123) in the Programming Research in Obesity, Growth, Environment and Social Stressors (PROGRESS) cohort. Pb concentrations were measured in maternal whole blood from the second and third trimesters of pregnancy. Stool samples collected at 9-11 years old underwent metagenomic sequencing to assess the gut microbiome. Using a novel analytical approach, Microbial Co-occurrence Analysis (MiCA), we paired a machine-learning algorithm with randomization-based inference to first identify microbial cliques that were predictive of prenatal Pb exposure and then estimate the association between prenatal Pb exposure and microbial clique abundance. Results With second-trimester Pb exposure, we identified a 2-taxa microbial clique that included Bifidobacterium adolescentis and Ruminococcus callidus, and a 3-taxa clique that added Prevotella clara. Increasing second-trimester Pb exposure was associated with significantly increased odds of having the 2-taxa microbial clique below the 50th percentile relative abundance (OR=1.03,95%CI[1.01-1.05]). In an analysis of Pb concentration at or above vs. below the United States and Mexico guidelines for child Pb exposure, odds of the 2-taxa clique in low abundance were 3.36(95%CI[1.32-8.51]) and 6.11(95%CI[1.87-19.93]), respectively. Trends were similar with the 3-taxa clique but not statistically significant. Discussion Using a novel combination of machine-learning and causal-inference, MiCA identified a significant association between second-trimester Pb exposure and reduced abundance of a probiotic microbial clique within the gut microbiome in late childhood. Pb exposure levels at the guidelines for child Pb poisoning in the United States, and Mexico are not sufficient to protect against the potential loss of probiotic benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Midya
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - J M Lane
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - C Gennings
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - L A Torres-Olascoaga
- Center for Research on Nutrition and Health, National Institute of Public Health, Cuernavaca, Mexico
| | - R O Wright
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - M Arora
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - M M Téllez-Rojo
- Center for Research on Nutrition and Health, National Institute of Public Health, Cuernavaca, Mexico
| | - S Eggers
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Iowa College of Public Health, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
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11
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Gilbert J, Ecklu-Mensah G, Maseng MG, Donato S, Coo-Kang C, Dugas L, Bovet P, Bedu-Addo K, Plange-Rhule J, Forrester T, Lambert E, Rae D, Luke A, Layden B, O'Keefe S. Gut microbiota and fecal short chain fatty acids differ with adiposity and country of origin: The METS-Microbiome Study. RESEARCH SQUARE 2023:rs.3.rs-2791107. [PMID: 37090540 PMCID: PMC10120767 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-2791107/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/25/2023]
Abstract
The relationship between gut microbiota, short chain fatty acid (SCFA) metabolism, and obesity is still not well understood. Here we investigated these associations in a large (n=1904) African origin cohort from Ghana, South Africa, Jamaica, Seychelles, and the US. Fecal microbiota diversity and SCFA concentration were greatest in Ghanaians, and lowest in the US population, representing the lowest and highest end of the epidemiologic transition spectrum, respectively. Obesity was significantly associated with a reduction in SCFA concentration, microbial diversity and SCFA synthesizing bacteria. Country of origin could be accurately predicted from the fecal microbiota (AUC=0.97), while the predictive accuracy for obesity was inversely correlated to the epidemiological transition, being greatest in Ghana (AUC = 0.57). The findings suggest that the microbiota differences between obesity and non-obesity may be larger in low-to-middle-income countries compared to high-income countries. Further investigation is needed to determine the factors driving this association.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Pascal Bovet
- University Center for Primary Care and Public Health
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Amy Luke
- Loyola University School of Medicine
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12
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Ecklu-Mensah G, Choo-Kang C, Gjerstad Maseng M, Donato S, Bovet P, Bedu-Addo K, Plange-Rhule J, Forrester TE, Lambert EV, Rae D, Luke A, Layden BT, O’Keefe S, Gilbert JA, Dugas LR. Gut microbiota and fecal short chain fatty acids differ with adiposity and country of origin: The METS-Microbiome Study. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.03.21.533195. [PMID: 36993742 PMCID: PMC10055249 DOI: 10.1101/2023.03.21.533195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/31/2023]
Abstract
The relationship between the gut microbiota, short chain fatty acid (SCFA) metabolism, and obesity remains unclear due to conflicting reports from studies with limited statistical power. Additionally, this association has rarely been explored in large scale diverse populations. Here, we investigated associations between fecal microbial composition, predicted metabolic potential, SCFA concentrations, and obesity in a large ( N = 1,934) adult cohort of African-origin spanning the epidemiologic transition, from Ghana, South Africa, Jamaica, Seychelles, and the United States (US). The greatest gut microbiota diversity and total fecal SCFA concentration was found in the Ghanaian population, while the lowest levels were found in the US population, respectively representing the lowest and the highest end of the epidemiologic transition spectrum. Country-specific bacterial taxa and predicted-functional pathways were observed, including an increased prevalence of Prevotella , Butyrivibrio , Weisella and Romboutsia in Ghana and South Africa, while Bacteroides and Parabacteroides were enriched in Jamaican and the US populations. Importantly, 'VANISH' taxa, including Butyricicoccus and Succinivibrio , were significantly enriched in the Ghanaian cohort, reflecting the participants' traditional lifestyles. Obesity was significantly associated with lower SCFA concentrations, a decrease in microbial richness, and dissimilarities in community composition, and reduction in the proportion of SCFA synthesizing bacteria including Oscillospira , Christensenella , Eubacterium , Alistipes , Clostridium and Odoribacter . Further, the predicted proportions of genes in the lipopolysaccharide (LPS) synthesis pathway were enriched in obese individuals, while genes associated with butyrate synthesis via the dominant pyruvate pathway were significantly reduced in obese individuals. Using machine learning, we identified features predictive of metabolic state and country of origin. Country of origin could accurately be predicted by the fecal microbiota (AUC = 0.97), whereas obesity could not be predicted as accurately (AUC = 0.65). Participant sex (AUC = 0.75), diabetes status (AUC = 0.63), hypertensive status (AUC = 0.65), and glucose status (AUC = 0.66) could all be predicted with different success. Interestingly, within country, the predictive accuracy of the microbiota for obesity was inversely correlated to the epidemiological transition, being greatest in Ghana (AUC = 0.57). Collectively, our findings reveal profound variation in the gut microbiota, inferred functional pathways, and SCFA synthesis as a function of country of origin. While obesity could be predicted accurately from the microbiota, the variation in accuracy in parallel with the epidemiological transition suggests that differences in the microbiota between obesity and non-obesity may be larger in low-to-middle countries compared to high-income countries. Further examination of independent study populations using multi-omic approaches will be necessary to determine the factors that drive this association.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Candice Choo-Kang
- Public Health Sciences, Parkinson School of Health Sciences and Public Health, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL, USA
| | - Maria Gjerstad Maseng
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Dep. of Gastroenterology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Bio-Me, Oslo, Norway
| | - Sonya Donato
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Pascal Bovet
- University Center for Primary Care and Public Health (Unisanté), Lausanne, Switzerland& Ministry of Health, Republic of Seychelles Department of Physiology, SMS
| | - Kweku Bedu-Addo
- Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
| | | | - Terrence E. Forrester
- Solutions for Developing Countries, University of the West Indies, Mona, Kingston, Jamaica
| | - Estelle V. Lambert
- Research Unit for Exercise Science and Sports Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Dale Rae
- Research Unit for Exercise Science and Sports Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Amy Luke
- Public Health Sciences, Parkinson School of Health Sciences and Public Health, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL, USA
| | - Brian T. Layden
- Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
- Jesse Brown Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | | | - Jack A. Gilbert
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Lara R. Dugas
- Public Health Sciences, Parkinson School of Health Sciences and Public Health, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL, USA
- Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
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13
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McLeod A, Wolf P, Chapkin RS, Davidson LA, Ivanov I, Berbaum M, Williams LR, Gaskins HR, Ridlon J, Sanchez-Flack J, Blumstein L, Schiffer L, Hamm A, Cares K, Antonic M, Bernabe BP, Fitzgibbon M, Tussing-Humphreys L. Design of the Building Research in CRC prevention (BRIDGE-CRC) trial: a 6-month, parallel group Mediterranean diet and weight loss randomized controlled lifestyle intervention targeting the bile acid-gut microbiome axis to reduce colorectal cancer risk among African American/Black adults with obesity. Trials 2023; 24:113. [PMID: 36793105 PMCID: PMC9930092 DOI: 10.1186/s13063-023-07115-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Among all racial/ethnic groups, people who identify as African American/Blacks have the second highest colorectal cancer (CRC) incidence in the USA. This disparity may exist because African American/Blacks, compared to other racial/ethnic groups, have a higher prevalence of risk factors for CRC, including obesity, low fiber consumption, and higher intakes of fat and animal protein. One unexplored, underlying mechanism of this relationship is the bile acid-gut microbiome axis. High saturated fat, low fiber diets, and obesity lead to increases in tumor promoting secondary bile acids. Diets high in fiber, such as a Mediterranean diet, and intentional weight loss may reduce CRC risk by modulating the bile acid-gut microbiome axis. The purpose of this study is to test the impact of a Mediterranean diet alone, weight loss alone, or both, compared to typical diet controls on the bile acid-gut microbiome axis and CRC risk factors among African American/Blacks with obesity. Because weight loss or a Mediterranean diet alone can reduce CRC risk, we hypothesize that weight loss plus a Mediterranean diet will reduce CRC risk the most. METHODS This randomized controlled lifestyle intervention will randomize 192 African American/Blacks with obesity, aged 45-75 years to one of four arms: Mediterranean diet, weight loss, weight loss plus Mediterranean diet, or typical diet controls, for 6 months (48 per arm). Data will be collected at baseline, mid-study, and study end. Primary outcomes include total circulating and fecal bile acids, taurine-conjugated bile acids, and deoxycholic acid. Secondary outcomes include body weight, body composition, dietary change, physical activity, metabolic risk, circulating cytokines, gut microbial community structure and composition, fecal short-chain fatty acids, and expression levels of genes from exfoliated intestinal cells linked to carcinogenesis. DISCUSSION This study will be the first randomized controlled trial to examine the effects of a Mediterranean diet, weight loss, or both on bile acid metabolism, the gut microbiome, and intestinal epithelial genes associated with carcinogenesis. This approach to CRC risk reduction may be especially important among African American/Blacks given their higher risk factor profile and increased CRC incidence. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04753359 . Registered on 15 February 2021.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew McLeod
- grid.185648.60000 0001 2175 0319Institute for Health Research and Policy, University of Illinois Chicago (UIC), Chicago, IL USA
| | - Patricia Wolf
- grid.169077.e0000 0004 1937 2197Department of Nutrition Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN USA
| | - Robert S. Chapkin
- grid.264756.40000 0004 4687 2082Department of Nutrition, Program in Integrative Nutrition & Complex Diseases, and Center for Environmental Health Research, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX USA
| | - Laurie A. Davidson
- grid.264756.40000 0004 4687 2082Department of Nutrition, Program in Integrative Nutrition & Complex Diseases, and Center for Environmental Health Research, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX USA
| | - Ivan Ivanov
- grid.264756.40000 0004 4687 2082Department of Nutrition, Program in Integrative Nutrition & Complex Diseases, and Center for Environmental Health Research, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX USA ,grid.264756.40000 0004 4687 2082Department of Veterinary Physiology & Pharmacology, and Center for Environmental Health Research, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX USA
| | - Michael Berbaum
- grid.185648.60000 0001 2175 0319Institute for Health Research and Policy, University of Illinois Chicago (UIC), Chicago, IL USA
| | - Lauren R. Williams
- grid.185648.60000 0001 2175 0319Mile Square Health Center, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL USA
| | - H. Rex Gaskins
- grid.35403.310000 0004 1936 9991Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL USA ,grid.35403.310000 0004 1936 9991Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL USA ,grid.35403.310000 0004 1936 9991Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL USA ,grid.35403.310000 0004 1936 9991Cancer Center at Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL USA ,grid.35403.310000 0004 1936 9991Department of Biomedical and Translational Sciences, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL USA ,grid.35403.310000 0004 1936 9991Department of Pathobiology, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL USA
| | - Jason Ridlon
- grid.35403.310000 0004 1936 9991Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL USA ,grid.35403.310000 0004 1936 9991Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL USA ,grid.35403.310000 0004 1936 9991Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL USA ,grid.35403.310000 0004 1936 9991Cancer Center at Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL USA
| | - Jen Sanchez-Flack
- grid.185648.60000 0001 2175 0319Institute for Health Research and Policy, University of Illinois Chicago (UIC), Chicago, IL USA ,grid.185648.60000 0001 2175 0319Department of Pediatrics, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL USA ,grid.185648.60000 0001 2175 0319University of Illinois Cancer Center, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL USA
| | - Lara Blumstein
- grid.185648.60000 0001 2175 0319Institute for Health Research and Policy, University of Illinois Chicago (UIC), Chicago, IL USA
| | - Linda Schiffer
- grid.185648.60000 0001 2175 0319Institute for Health Research and Policy, University of Illinois Chicago (UIC), Chicago, IL USA
| | - Alyshia Hamm
- grid.185648.60000 0001 2175 0319Department of Kinesiology and Nutrition, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL USA
| | - Kate Cares
- grid.185648.60000 0001 2175 0319Department of Kinesiology and Nutrition, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL USA
| | - Mirjana Antonic
- grid.185648.60000 0001 2175 0319Institute for Health Research and Policy, University of Illinois Chicago (UIC), Chicago, IL USA
| | - Beatriz Penalver Bernabe
- grid.185648.60000 0001 2175 0319Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL USA
| | - Marian Fitzgibbon
- Institute for Health Research and Policy, University of Illinois Chicago (UIC), Chicago, IL, USA. .,Department of Pediatrics, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA. .,University of Illinois Cancer Center, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
| | - Lisa Tussing-Humphreys
- Institute for Health Research and Policy, University of Illinois Chicago (UIC), Chicago, IL, USA. .,University of Illinois Cancer Center, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA. .,Department of Kinesiology and Nutrition, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
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14
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Corrie L, Awasthi A, Kaur J, Vishwas S, Gulati M, Kaur IP, Gupta G, Kommineni N, Dua K, Singh SK. Interplay of Gut Microbiota in Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome: Role of Gut Microbiota, Mechanistic Pathways and Potential Treatment Strategies. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:197. [PMID: 37259345 PMCID: PMC9967581 DOI: 10.3390/ph16020197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Revised: 01/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS) comprises a set of symptoms that pose significant risk factors for various diseases, including type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and cancer. Effective and safe methods to treat all the pathological symptoms of PCOS are not available. The gut microbiota has been shown to play an essential role in PCOS incidence and progression. Many dietary plants, prebiotics, and probiotics have been reported to ameliorate PCOS. Gut microbiota shows its effects in PCOS via a number of mechanistic pathways including maintenance of homeostasis, regulation of lipid and blood glucose levels. The effect of gut microbiota on PCOS has been widely reported in animal models but there are only a few reports of human studies. Increasing the diversity of gut microbiota, and up-regulating PCOS ameliorating gut microbiota are some of the ways through which prebiotics, probiotics, and polyphenols work. We present a comprehensive review on polyphenols from natural origin, probiotics, and fecal microbiota therapy that may be used to treat PCOS by modifying the gut microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leander Corrie
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara 144411, India
| | - Ankit Awasthi
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara 144411, India
| | - Jaskiran Kaur
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara 144411, India
| | - Sukriti Vishwas
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara 144411, India
| | - Monica Gulati
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara 144411, India
- ARCCIM, Faculty of Health, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Indu Pal Kaur
- University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - Gaurav Gupta
- School of Pharmacy, Suresh Gyan Vihar University, Mahal Road, Jaipur 302017, India
- Department of Pharmacology, Saveetha Dental College, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai 600007, India
- Uttaranchal Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Uttaranchal University, Dehradun 248007, India
| | | | - Kamal Dua
- ARCCIM, Faculty of Health, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW 2007, Australia
- Discipline of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Health, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Sachin Kumar Singh
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara 144411, India
- ARCCIM, Faculty of Health, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW 2007, Australia
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15
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Shaffer M, Thurimella K, Sterrett JD, Lozupone CA. SCNIC: Sparse correlation network investigation for compositional data. Mol Ecol Resour 2023; 23:312-325. [PMID: 36001047 PMCID: PMC9744196 DOI: 10.1111/1755-0998.13704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2020] [Revised: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Microbiome studies are often limited by a lack of statistical power due to small sample sizes and a large number of features. This problem is exacerbated in correlative studies of multi-omic datasets. Statistical power can be increased by finding and summarizing modules of correlated observations, which is one dimensionality reduction method. Additionally, modules provide biological insight as correlated groups of microbes can have relationships among themselves. To address these challenges, we developed SCNIC: Sparse Cooccurrence Network Investigation for compositional data. SCNIC is open-source software that can generate correlation networks and detect and summarize modules of highly correlated features. Modules can be formed using either the Louvain Modularity Maximization (LMM) algorithm or a Shared Minimum Distance algorithm (SMD) that we newly describe here and relate to LMM using simulated data. We applied SCNIC to two published datasets and we achieved increased statistical power and identified microbes that not only differed across groups, but also correlated strongly with each other, suggesting shared environmental drivers or cooperative relationships among them. SCNIC provides an easy way to generate correlation networks, identify modules of correlated features and summarize them for downstream statistical analysis. Although SCNIC was designed considering properties of microbiome data, such as compositionality and sparsity, it can be applied to a variety of data types including metabolomics data and used to integrate multiple data types. SCNIC allows for the identification of functional microbial relationships at scale while increasing statistical power through feature reduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Shaffer
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Kumar Thurimella
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA,Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - John D. Sterrett
- Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado, USA
| | - Catherine A. Lozupone
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
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16
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Ilyés T, Silaghi CN, Crăciun AM. Diet-Related Changes of Short-Chain Fatty Acids in Blood and Feces in Obesity and Metabolic Syndrome. BIOLOGY 2022; 11:1556. [PMID: 36358258 PMCID: PMC9687917 DOI: 10.3390/biology11111556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Revised: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 09/13/2023]
Abstract
Obesity-related illnesses are one of the leading causes of death worldwide. Metabolic syndrome has been associated with numerous health issues. Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) have been shown to have multiple effects throughout the body, both directly as well as through specific G protein-coupled receptors. The main SCFAs produced by the gut microbiota are acetate, propionate, and butyrate, which are absorbed in varying degrees from the large intestine, with some acting mainly locally and others systemically. Diet has the potential to influence the gut microbial composition, as well as the type and amount of SCFAs produced. High fiber-containing foods and supplements increase the production of SCFAs and SCFA-producing bacteria in the gut and have been shown to have bodyweight-lowering effects. Dietary supplements, which increase SCFA production, could open the way for novel approaches to weight loss interventions. The aim of this review is to analyze the variations of fecal and blood SCFAs in obesity and metabolic syndrome through a systematic search and analysis of existing literature.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ciprian N. Silaghi
- Department of Molecular Sciences, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Iuliu Hațieganu”, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
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17
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Central and peripheral regulations mediated by short-chain fatty acids on energy homeostasis. Transl Res 2022; 248:128-150. [PMID: 35688319 DOI: 10.1016/j.trsl.2022.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2022] [Revised: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The human gut microbiota influences obesity, insulin resistance, and the subsequent development of type 2 diabetes (T2D). The gut microbiota digests and ferments nutrients resulting in the production of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), which generate various beneficial metabolic effects on energy and glucose homeostasis. However, their roles in the central nervous system (CNS)-mediated outputs on the metabolism have only been minimally studied. Here, we explore what is known and future directions that may be worth exploring in this emerging area. Specifically, we searched studies or data in English by using PubMed, Google Scholar, and the Human Metabolome Database. Studies were filtered by time from 1978 to March 2022. As a result, 195 studies, 53 reviews, 1 website, and 1 book were included. One hundred and sixty-five of 195 studies describe the production and metabolism of SCFAs or the effects of SCFAs on energy homeostasis, glucose balance, and mental diseases through the gut-brain axis or directly by a central pathway. Thirty of 195 studies show that inappropriate metabolism and excessive of SCFAs are metabolically detrimental. Most studies suggest that SCFAs exert beneficial metabolic effects by acting as the energy substrate in the TCA cycle, regulating the hormones related to satiety regulation and insulin secretion, and modulating immune cells and microglia. These functions have been linked with AMPK signaling, GPCRs-dependent pathways, and inhibition of histone deacetylases (HDACs). However, the studies focusing on the central effects of SCFAs are still limited. The mechanisms by which central SCFAs regulate appetite, energy expenditure, and blood glucose during different physiological conditions warrant further investigation.
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Beneficial Effects of Anti-Inflammatory Diet in Modulating Gut Microbiota and Controlling Obesity. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14193985. [PMID: 36235638 PMCID: PMC9572805 DOI: 10.3390/nu14193985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2022] [Revised: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity has consistently been associated with an increased risk of metabolic abnormalities such as diabetes, hyperlipidemia, and cardiovascular diseases, as well as the development of several types of cancer. In recent decades, unfortunately, the rate of overweight/obesity has increased significantly among adults and children. A growing body of evidence shows that there is a relationship between metabolic disorders such as obesity and the composition of the gut microbiota. Additionally, inflammation is considered to be a driving force in the obesity–gut microbiota connection. Therefore, it seems that anti-inflammatory nutrients, foods, and/or diets can play an essential role in the management of obesity by affecting the intestinal flora and controlling inflammatory responses. In this review, we describe the links between the gut microbiota, obesity, and inflammation, and summarize the benefits of anti-inflammatory diets in preventing obesity.
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Bonomo R, Kramer S, Aubert VM. Obesity-Associated Neuropathy: Recent Preclinical Studies and Proposed Mechanisms. Antioxid Redox Signal 2022; 37:597-612. [PMID: 35152780 PMCID: PMC9527047 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2021.0278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Significance: The prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) and associated obesity has increased in recent years, affecting millions worldwide. One of the most common complications of obesity is damage to the peripheral nerve system, referred to as neuropathy. The lack of disease-modifying therapy for this complication is largely due to a poor understanding of the complex neurobiology underlying neuropathy. Recent preclinical studies suggest that in addition to glucotoxic events, other mechanisms, including lipid signaling, microbiome, or inflammation, may be viable targets to prevent nerve damage and neuropathic pain in obesity. Recent Advances: Clinical and preclinical studies using diet-induced obesity rodent models have identified novel interventions that improve neuropathy. Notably, mechanistic studies suggest that lipid, calcium signaling, and inflammation are converging pathways. Critical Issues: In this review, we focus on interventions and their mechanisms that are shown to ameliorate neuropathy in MetS obese models, including: (i) inhibition of a sensory neuron population, (ii), modification of dietary components, (iii) activation of nuclear and mitochondrial lipid pathways, (iv) exercise, and (v) modulation of gut microbiome composition and their metabolites. Future Directions: These past years, novel research increased our knowledge about neuropathy in obesity and discovered the involvement of nonglucose signaling. More studies are necessary to uncover the interplay between complex metabolic pathways in the peripheral nerve system of obese individuals. Further mechanistic studies in preclinical models and humans are crucial to create single- or multitarget interventions for this complex disease implying complex metabolic phenotyping. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 37, 597-612.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raiza Bonomo
- Department of Cell and Molecular Physiology, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, Illinois, USA
| | - Sarah Kramer
- Department of Cell and Molecular Physiology, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, Illinois, USA
- Stritch School of Medicine, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, Illinois, USA
| | - Virginie M. Aubert
- Department of Cell and Molecular Physiology, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, Illinois, USA
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20
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Song H, Yi S, Kim WH, Guk JH, Ha M, Kwak I, Han J, Yeon SC, Cho S. Environmental Perturbations during the Rehabilitation of Wild Migratory Birds Induce Gut Microbiome Alteration and Antibiotic Resistance Acquisition. Microbiol Spectr 2022; 10:e0116322. [PMID: 35730950 PMCID: PMC9430529 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.01163-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 06/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Wild migratory birds are essential for sustaining healthy ecosystems, but the effects of a rehabilitation period on their gut microbiomes are still unclear. Here, we performed longitudinal sampling, 16S rRNA sequencing, and antibiotic resistance monitoring of the gut microbiome of six species of wild migratory birds protected as natural monuments in South Korea that are subject to short- or long-term rehabilitation periods. Overall, gut microbiome diversity was significantly decreased in the early stages of rehabilitation, and it did not recover to a level comparable to that of wild birds. Moreover, while the abundance of short-chain fatty acid-producing bacteria decreased, that of zoonotic pathogens increased, indicating rehabilitation-induced dysbiosis. The metabolic pathways involved in the degradation of aromatic pollutants were significantly downregulated, suggesting the depletion of pollutant-degrading microorganisms. Antibiotic resistance of Escherichia coli significantly increased during rehabilitation, particularly ciprofloxacin and tetracycline resistance, and seven of the rehabilitated wild birds acquired multidrug resistance. The diet and habitat changes experienced by wild migratory birds during rehabilitation may have induced the observed gut microbiome dysbiosis and acquisition of antibiotic resistance. These rehabilitation-induced alterations might affect the adaptability of wild birds to their natural environments and contribute to the spread of antibiotic resistance after their release. IMPORTANCE Wild migratory birds are key for ecosystem health but highly sensitive to anthropogenic activities. Therefore, wild migratory birds often undergo rehabilitation to prevent species extinction or biodiversity monitoring. However, the impact of rehabilitation on the gut microbiome of wild migratory birds, which is closely associated with host fitness, remains unclear. For the migratory bird species considered natural monuments in South Korea evaluated here, such impacts could include rehabilitation-induced gut microbiome dysbiosis and acquisition of antibiotic resistance, with possible repercussions on the adaptability of wild birds and spread of antibiotic resistance in the environment after their release. Therefore, the dynamics of the gut microbiome and antibiotic resistance should be considered for implementing sustainable rehabilitation strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyokeun Song
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Saehah Yi
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Woo-Hyun Kim
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jae-Ho Guk
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Minjong Ha
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
- Seoul Wildlife Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Insik Kwak
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
- Seoul Wildlife Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Janghee Han
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
- Seoul Wildlife Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Seong-Chan Yeon
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
- Seoul Wildlife Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Seongbeom Cho
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
- Center for Veterinary Integrated Medicine Research, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
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21
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Xie C, Teng J, Wang X, Xu B, Niu Y, Ma L, Yan X. Multi-omics analysis reveals gut microbiota-induced intramuscular fat deposition via regulating expression of lipogenesis-associated genes. ANIMAL NUTRITION 2022; 9:84-99. [PMID: 35949981 PMCID: PMC9344316 DOI: 10.1016/j.aninu.2021.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2021] [Revised: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The gut microbiome has great effects on the digestion, absorption, and metabolism of lipids. However, the microbiota composition that can alter the fat deposition and the meat quality of pigs remains unclear. Here, we used Laiwu (LW) pigs (a native Chinese breed with higher intramuscular fat) compared with commercial crossbreed Duroc × (Landrace × Yorkshire) (DLY) pigs to investigate the effects of microbiota on meat quality, especially in intramuscular fat content. A total of 32 DLY piglets were randomly allotted to 4 groups and transplanted with fecal microbiota from healthy LW pigs. The results indicated that the high dose of fecal microbiota transplantation (HFMT) selectively enhanced fat deposition in longissimus dorsi (P < 0.05) but decreased backfat thickness (P < 0.05) compared with control group. HFMT significantly altered meat color and increased feed conversation ratio (P < 0.05). Furthermore, the multi-omics analysis revealed that Bacteroides uniformis, Sphaerochaeta globosa, Hydrogenoanaerobacterium saccharovorans, and Pyramidobacter piscolens are the core species which can regulate lipid deposition. A total of 140 male SPF C57BL/6j mice were randomly allotted into 7 groups and administrated with these 4 microbes alone or consortium to validate the relationships between microbiota and lipid deposition. Inoculating the bacterial consortium into mice increased intramuscular fat content (P < 0.05) compared with control mice. Increased expressions of lipogenesis-associated genes including cluster of differentiation 36 (Cd36), diacylglycerol O-acyltransferase 2 (Dgat2), and fatty acid synthase (FASN) were observed in skeletal muscle in the mice with mixed bacteria compared with control mice. Together, our results suggest that the gut microbiota may play an important role in regulating the lipid deposition in the muscle of pigs and mice.
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22
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Priyadarshini M, Navarro G, Reiman DJ, Sharma A, Xu K, Lednovich K, Manzella CR, Khan MW, Garcia MS, Allard S, Wicksteed B, Chlipala GE, Szynal B, Bernabe BP, Maki PM, Gill RK, Perdew GH, Gilbert J, Dai Y, Layden BT. Gestational Insulin Resistance Is Mediated by the Gut Microbiome-Indoleamine 2,3-Dioxygenase Axis. Gastroenterology 2022; 162:1675-1689.e11. [PMID: 35032499 PMCID: PMC9040389 DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2022.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2021] [Revised: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 01/03/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Normal gestation involves a reprogramming of the maternal gut microbiome (GM) that contributes to maternal metabolic changes by unclear mechanisms. This study aimed to understand the mechanistic underpinnings of the GM-maternal metabolism interaction. METHODS The GM and plasma metabolome of CD1, NIH-Swiss, and C57 mice were analyzed with the use of 16S rRNA sequencing and untargeted liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry throughout gestation. Pharmacologic and genetic knockout mouse models were used to identify the role of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO1) in pregnancy-associated insulin resistance (IR). Involvement of gestational GM was studied with the use of fecal microbial transplants (FMTs). RESULTS Significant variation in GM alpha diversity occurred throughout pregnancy. Enrichment in gut bacterial taxa was mouse strain and pregnancy time point specific, with the species enriched at gestation day 15/19 (G15/19), a point of heightened IR, being distinct from those enriched before or after pregnancy. Metabolomics revealed elevated plasma kynurenine at G15/19 in all 3 mouse strains. IDO1, the rate-limiting enzyme for kynurenine production, had increased intestinal expression at G15, which was associated with mild systemic and gut inflammation. Pharmacologic and genetic inhibition of IDO1 inhibited kynurenine levels and reversed pregnancy-associated IR. FMT revealed that IDO1 induction and local kynurenine level effects on IR derive from the GM in both mouse and human pregnancy. CONCLUSIONS GM changes accompanying pregnancy shift IDO1-dependent tryptophan metabolism toward kynurenine production, intestinal inflammation, and gestational IR, a phenotype reversed by genetic deletion or inhibition of IDO1. (Gestational Gut Microbiome-IDO1 Axis Mediates Pregnancy Insulin Resistance; EMBL-ENA ID: PRJEB45047. MetaboLights ID: MTBLS3598).
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Affiliation(s)
- Medha Priyadarshini
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism and UIC, Chicago-IL, U.S.A
| | - Guadalupe Navarro
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism and UIC, Chicago-IL, U.S.A
| | - Derek J Reiman
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, UIC, Chicago-IL, U.S.A
| | - Anukriti Sharma
- Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic Main Campus, Cleveland-OH, U.S.A
| | - Kai Xu
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism and UIC, Chicago-IL, U.S.A
| | - Kristen Lednovich
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism and UIC, Chicago-IL, U.S.A
| | | | - Md Wasim Khan
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism and UIC, Chicago-IL, U.S.A
| | - Mariana Salas Garcia
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego (UCSD) School of Medicine, La Jolla-CA, U.S.A
| | - Sarah Allard
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego (UCSD) School of Medicine, La Jolla-CA, U.S.A
| | - Barton Wicksteed
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism and UIC, Chicago-IL, U.S.A
| | - George E Chlipala
- Research Informatics Core, Research Resources Center, UIC, Chicago-IL, U.S.A
| | - Barbara Szynal
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism and UIC, Chicago-IL, U.S.A
| | | | - Pauline M Maki
- Department of Psychiatry, UIC, Chicago-IL, U.S.A.; Department of Psychology, and UIC, Chicago-IL, U.S.A.; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, UIC, Chicago-IL, U.S.A
| | - Ravinder K Gill
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, UIC, Chicago-IL, U.S.A
| | - Gary H Perdew
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, Center for Molecular Toxicology and Carcinogenesis, The Pennsylvania State University, Pennsylvania, U.S.A
| | - Jack Gilbert
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego (UCSD) School of Medicine, La Jolla-CA, U.S.A.; Scripps Institution of Oceanography, UCSD, La Jolla-CA, U.S.A
| | - Yang Dai
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, UIC, Chicago-IL, U.S.A
| | - Brian T Layden
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, University of Illinois, Chicago, Illinois; Jesse Brown Veterans Affair Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois.
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Price CA, Jospin G, Brownell K, Eisen JA, Laraia B, Epel ES. Differences in gut microbiome by insulin sensitivity status in Black and White women of the National Growth and Health Study (NGHS): A pilot study. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0259889. [PMID: 35045086 PMCID: PMC8769296 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0259889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of overweight and obesity is greatest amongst Black women in the U.S., contributing to disproportionately higher type 2 diabetes prevalence compared to White women. Insulin resistance, independent of body mass index, tends to be greater in Black compared to White women, yet the mechanisms to explain these differences are not completely understood. The gut microbiome is implicated in the pathophysiology of obesity, insulin resistance and cardiometabolic disease. Only two studies have examined race differences in Black and White women, however none characterizing the gut microbiome based on insulin sensitivity by race and sex. Our objective was to determine if gut microbiome profiles differ between Black and White women and if so, determine if these race differences persisted when accounting for insulin sensitivity status. In a pilot cross-sectional analysis, we measured the relative abundance of bacteria in fecal samples collected from a subset of 168 Black (n = 94) and White (n = 74) women of the National Growth and Health Study (NGHS). We conducted analyses by self-identified race and by race plus insulin sensitivity status (e.g. insulin sensitive versus insulin resistant as determined by HOMA-IR). A greater proportion of Black women were classified as IR (50%) compared to White women (30%). Alpha diversity did not differ by race nor by race and insulin sensitivity status. Beta diversity at the family level was significantly different by race (p = 0.033) and by the combination of race plus insulin sensitivity (p = 0.038). Black women, regardless of insulin sensitivity, had a greater relative abundance of the phylum Actinobacteria (p = 0.003), compared to White women. There was an interaction between race and insulin sensitivity for Verrucomicrobia (p = 0.008), where among those with insulin resistance, Black women had four fold higher abundance than White women. At the family level, we observed significant interactions between race and insulin sensitivity for Lachnospiraceae (p = 0.007) and Clostridiales Family XIII (p = 0.01). Our findings suggest that the gut microbiome, particularly lower beta diversity and greater Actinobacteria, one of the most abundant species, may play an important role in driving cardiometabolic health disparities of Black women, indicating an influence of social and environmental factors on the gut microbiome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Candice A. Price
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA, United States of America
| | - Guillaume Jospin
- Genome Center, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, United States of America
| | - Kristy Brownell
- Center for Obesity Assessment, Study and Treatment, University of California, San Francisco, California, United States of America
- School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, California, United States of America
| | - Jonathan A. Eisen
- Genome Center, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, United States of America
- Department of Evolution and Ecology, University of California, Davis, CA, United States of America
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of California, Davis, CA, United States of America
| | - Barbara Laraia
- Center for Obesity Assessment, Study and Treatment, University of California, San Francisco, California, United States of America
- School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, California, United States of America
| | - Elissa S. Epel
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Francisco, CA, United States of America
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24
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Allali I, Abotsi RE, Tow LA, Thabane L, Zar HJ, Mulder NM, Nicol MP. Human microbiota research in Africa: a systematic review reveals gaps and priorities for future research. MICROBIOME 2021; 9:241. [PMID: 34911583 PMCID: PMC8672519 DOI: 10.1186/s40168-021-01195-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2020] [Accepted: 11/14/2021] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The role of the human microbiome in health and disease is an emerging and important area of research; however, there is a concern that African populations are under-represented in human microbiome studies. We, therefore, conducted a systematic survey of African human microbiome studies to provide an overview and identify research gaps. Our secondary objectives were: (i) to determine the number of peer-reviewed publications; (ii) to identify the extent to which the researches focused on diseases identified by the World Health Organization [WHO] State of Health in the African Region Report as being the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in 2018; (iii) to describe the extent and pattern of collaborations between researchers in Africa and the rest of the world; and (iv) to identify leadership and funders of the studies. METHODOLOGY We systematically searched Medline via PubMed, Scopus, CINAHL, Academic Search Premier, Africa-Wide Information through EBSCOhost, and Web of Science from inception through to 1st April 2020. We included studies that characterized samples from African populations using next-generation sequencing approaches. Two reviewers independently conducted the literature search, title and abstract, and full-text screening, as well as data extraction. RESULTS We included 168 studies out of 5515 records retrieved. Most studies were published in PLoS One (13%; 22/168), and samples were collected from 33 of the 54 African countries. The country where most studies were conducted was South Africa (27/168), followed by Kenya (23/168) and Uganda (18/168). 26.8% (45/168) focused on diseases of significant public health concern in Africa. Collaboration between scientists from the United States of America and Africa was most common (96/168). The first and/or last authors of 79.8% of studies were not affiliated with institutions in Africa. Major funders were the United States of America National Institutes of Health (45.2%; 76/168), Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation (17.8%; 30/168), and the European Union (11.9%; 20/168). CONCLUSIONS There are significant gaps in microbiome research in Africa, especially those focusing on diseases of public health importance. There is a need for local leadership, capacity building, intra-continental collaboration, and national government investment in microbiome research within Africa. Video Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Imane Allali
- Computational Biology Division, Department of Integrative Biomedical Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
- Laboratory of Human Pathologies Biology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, and Genomic Centre of Human Pathologies, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat, Morocco
- Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Regina E Abotsi
- Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, School of Pharmacy, University of Health and Allied Sciences, Ho, Ghana
| | - Lemese Ah Tow
- Division of Medical Microbiology, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Lehana Thabane
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Biostatistics Unit, Father Sean O'Sullivan Research Centre, St Joseph's Healthcare, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Departments of Paediatrics and Anaesthesia, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Centre for Evaluation of Medicine, St Joseph's Healthcare, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Population Health Research Institute, Hamilton Health Sciences, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Centre for Evidence-based Health Care, Faculty of Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Tygerberg, South Africa
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Heather J Zar
- Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Red Cross War Memorial Children's Hospital, Cape Town, South Africa
- MRC Unit on Child & Adolescent Health, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Nicola M Mulder
- Computational Biology Division, Department of Integrative Biomedical Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
- Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Mark P Nicol
- Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.
- Division of Medical Microbiology, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Western Australia, M504, Perth, WA, 6009, Australia.
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Evaluation of hypoglycemic effect, safety and immunomodulation of Prevotella copri in mice. Sci Rep 2021; 11:21279. [PMID: 34711895 PMCID: PMC8553810 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-96161-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The gut bacterium Prevotella copri (P. copri) has been shown to lower blood glucose levels in mice as well as in healthy humans, and is a promising candidate for a next generation probiotic aiming at prevention or treatment of obesity and type 2 diabetes. In this study the hypoglycemic effect of live P. copri was confirmed in mice and pasteurization of P. copri was shown to further enhance its capacity to improve glucose tolerance. The safety of live and pasteurized P. copri was evaluated by a 29-day oral toxicity study in mice. P. copri did not induce any adverse effects on body growth. General examination of the mice, gross pathological and histological analysis showed no abnormalities of the vital organs. Though relative liver weights were lower in the pasteurized (4.574 g ± 0.096) and live (4.347 g ± 0.197) P. copri fed groups than in the control mice (5.005 g ± 0.103) (p = 0.0441 and p = 0.0147 respectively), no liver biochemical marker aberrations were detected. Creatinine serum levels were significantly lower in mice fed with live (p = 0.001) but not pasteurized (p = 0.163) P. copri compared to those of control mice. Haematological parameter analysis and low plasma Lipopolysaccharide Binding Protein (LBP) levels ruled out systemic infection and inflammation. Immunomodulation capacity by P. copri as determined by blood plasma cytokine analysis was limited and gut colonisation occurred in only one of the 10 mice tested. Taken together, no major adverse effects were detected in P. copri treated groups compared to controls.
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Changes in physico-chemical characteristics and viable bacterial communities during fermentation of alfalfa silages inoculated with Lactobacillus plantarum. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2021; 37:127. [PMID: 34181131 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-021-03095-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2020] [Accepted: 06/18/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
This study investigated the effect of inoculating Lactobacillus (L.) plantarum PS-8 in fermentation of alfalfa silages. We monitored the fermentation characteristics and bacterial population dynamics during the ensiling process. PacBio single molecule real time sequencing was combined with propidium monoazide (PMA) treatment to monitor the viable microbiota dynamics. We found that inoculating L. plantarum PS-8 may improve the silage quality by accelerating acidification, reducing the amounts of clostridia, coliform bacteria, molds and yeasts, elevating the protein and organic acid contents (except butyrate), and enhancing lactic acid bacteria (LAB) while suppressing harmful microorganisms. Some significant differential abundant taxa were found between the PMA-treated and non-treated microbiota. For example, the relative abundances of L. brevis, L. plantarum, and Pediococcus pentosaceus were significantly higher in the PMA-treated group than the non-PMA-treated group, suggesting obvious differences between the viable and non-viable microbiota. It would thus be necessary to distinguish between the viable and non-viable microbial communities to further understand their physiological contribution in silage fermentation. By tracking the dynamics of viable microbiota in relation with changes in the physico-chemical parameters, our study provided novel insights into the beneficial effects of inoculating L. plantarum PS-8 in silage fermentation and the physiological function of the viable bacterial communities.
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Abstract
Individuals who are minoritized as a result of race, sexual identity, gender, or socioeconomic status experience a higher prevalence of many diseases. Understanding the biological processes that cause and maintain these socially driven health inequities is essential for addressing them. The gut microbiome is strongly shaped by host environments and affects host metabolic, immune, and neuroendocrine functions, making it an important pathway by which differences in experiences caused by social, political, and economic forces could contribute to health inequities. Nevertheless, few studies have directly integrated the gut microbiome into investigations of health inequities. Here, we argue that accounting for host-gut microbe interactions will improve understanding and management of health inequities, and that health policy must begin to consider the microbiome as an important pathway linking environments to population health.
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Gut Microbiota Profile and Its Association with Clinical Variables and Dietary Intake in Overweight/Obese and Lean Subjects: A Cross-Sectional Study. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13062032. [PMID: 34199239 PMCID: PMC8231825 DOI: 10.3390/nu13062032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Revised: 06/02/2021] [Accepted: 06/11/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
We aimed to differentiate gut microbiota composition of overweight/obese and lean subjects and to determine its association with clinical variables and dietary intake. A cross-sectional study was performed with 96 overweight/obese subjects and 32 lean subjects. Anthropometric parameters were positively associated with Collinsella aerofaciens, Dorea formicigenerans and Dorea longicatena, which had higher abundance the overweight/obese subjects. Moreover, different genera of Lachnospiraceae were negatively associated with body fat, LDL and total cholesterol. Saturated fatty acids (SFAs) were negatively associated with the genus Intestinimonas, a biomarker of the overweight/obese group, whereas SFAs were positively associated with Roseburia, a biomarker for the lean group. In conclusion, Dorea formicigenerans, Dorea longicatena and Collinsella aerofaciens could be considered obesity biomarkers, Lachnospiraceae is associated with lipid cardiovascular risk factors. SFAs exhibited opposite association profiles with butyrate-producing bacteria depending on the BMI. Thus, the relationship between diet and microbiota opens new tools for the management of obesity.
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29
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Verbrugghe P, Van Aken O, Hållenius F, Nilsson A. Development of a real-time quantitative PCR method for detection and quantification of Prevotella copri. BMC Microbiol 2021; 21:23. [PMID: 33430782 PMCID: PMC7798335 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-020-02063-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2020] [Accepted: 12/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Since its discovery in 2007, the importance of the human gut bacterium Prevotella copri (P. copri) has been widely recognized with its links to diet and health status and potential as next generation probiotic. Therefore, precise, convenient and cost-effective diagnostic tools for the detection and quantification of P. copri from clinical and environmental samples are needed. Results In this study, a Sybr Green qPCR protocol for P. copri detection and quantification was developed and tested on P. copri-spiked murine faeces samples targeting both the 16S rRNA gene and P. copri genome specific genes. The use of one 16S rRNA primer pair and 2 genome specific primer pairs resulted in at least 10x higher specificity and sensitivity than the primer-only PCR currently cited in the literature, reaching a sensitivity of 103 CFU/mL. Furthermore, we showed that the new 16S rRNA primer set provided the best balance of detection of a wide range of P. copri strains, while avoiding off-target detection of other Prevotella genus species. The quantification of P. copri in human stool samples using the new 16S rRNA primers also correlated well with 16S rRNA high throughput MiSeq sequencing data (r2 = 0.6604, p = 0.0074). The two genome specific primer pairs on the other hand uniquely detect the DSM18205 reference strain, allowing differential detection of indigenous and experimentally administered P. copri populations. Finally, it was shown that SYBR green qPCR mixes have an influence on sensitivity and specificity, with Biorad SsoAdvanced Universal SYBR Green Supermix performing the best under our test conditions of six commercially available SYBR green master mixes. Conclusions This improved qPCR-based method will allow accurate P. copri identification and quantification. Moreover, this methodology can also be applied to identify other bacterial species in complex samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phebe Verbrugghe
- Food Technology, Engineering and Nutrition, Lund University, PO Box 124, 221 00, Lund, Sweden.
| | - Olivier Van Aken
- Department of Biology, Lund University, Lund University Plant Sciences, Sölvegatan 35, 223 62, Lund, Sweden
| | - Frida Hållenius
- Food Technology, Engineering and Nutrition, Lund University, PO Box 124, 221 00, Lund, Sweden
| | - Anne Nilsson
- Food Technology, Engineering and Nutrition, Lund University, PO Box 124, 221 00, Lund, Sweden
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Gheorghe CE, Ritz NL, Martin JA, Wardill HR, Cryan JF, Clarke G. Investigating causality with fecal microbiota transplantation in rodents: applications, recommendations and pitfalls. Gut Microbes 2021; 13:1941711. [PMID: 34328058 PMCID: PMC8331043 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2021.1941711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2020] [Revised: 06/02/2021] [Accepted: 06/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years, studies investigating the role of the gut microbiota in health and diseases have increased enormously - making it essential to deepen and question the research methodology employed. Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) in rodent studies (either from human or animal donors) allows us to better understand the causal role of the intestinal microbiota across multiple fields. However, this technique lacks standardization and requires careful experimental design in order to obtain optimal results. By comparing several studies in which rodents are the final recipients of FMT, we summarize the common practices employed. In this review, we document the limitations of this method and highlight different parameters to be considered while designing FMT Studies. Standardizing this method is challenging, as it differs according to the research topic, but avoiding common pitfalls is feasible. Several methodological questions remain unanswered to this day and we offer a discussion on issues to be explored in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cassandra E. Gheorghe
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurobehavioral Science, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Nathaniel L. Ritz
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Jason A. Martin
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurobehavioral Science, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Hannah R. Wardill
- Precision Medicine, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute (SAHMRI), Adelaide, Australia
- Adelaide Medical School, the University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
| | - John F. Cryan
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurobehavioral Science, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Gerard Clarke
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurobehavioral Science, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
- INFANT Research Centre, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
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Fecal transplantation and butyrate improve neuropathic pain, modify immune cell profile, and gene expression in the PNS of obese mice. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2020; 117:26482-26493. [PMID: 33020290 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2006065117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity affects over 2 billion people worldwide and is accompanied by peripheral neuropathy (PN) and an associated poorer quality of life. Despite high prevalence, the molecular mechanisms underlying the painful manifestations of PN are poorly understood, and therapies are restricted to use of painkillers or other drugs that do not address the underlying disease. Studies have demonstrated that the gut microbiome is linked to metabolic health and its alteration is associated with many diseases, including obesity. Pathologic changes to the gut microbiome have recently been linked to somatosensory pain, but any relationships between gut microbiome and PN in obesity have yet to be explored. Our data show that mice fed a Western diet developed indices of PN that were attenuated by concurrent fecal microbiome transplantation (FMT). In addition, we observed changes in expression of genes involved in lipid metabolism and calcium handling in cells of the peripheral nerve system (PNS). FMT also induced changes in the immune cell populations of the PNS. There was a correlation between an increase in the circulating short-chain fatty acid butyrate and pain improvement following FMT. Additionally, butyrate modulated gene expression and immune cells in the PNS. Circulating butyrate was also negatively correlated with distal pain in 29 participants with varied body mass index. Our data suggest that the metabolite butyrate, secreted by the gut microbiome, underlies some of the effects of FMT. Targeting the gut microbiome, butyrate, and its consequences may represent novel viable approaches to prevent or relieve obesity-associated neuropathies.
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Peñalver Bernabé B, Maki PM, Dowty SM, Salas M, Cralle L, Shah Z, Gilbert JA. Precision medicine in perinatal depression in light of the human microbiome. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2020; 237:915-941. [PMID: 32065252 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-019-05436-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2018] [Accepted: 12/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Perinatal depression is the most common complication of pregnancy and affects the mother, fetus, and infant. Recent preclinical studies and a limited number of clinical studies have suggested an influence of the gut microbiome on the onset and course of mental health disorders. In this review, we examine the current state of knowledge regarding genetics, epigenetics, heritability, and neuro-immuno-endocrine systems biology in perinatal mood disorders, with a particular focus on the interaction between these factors and the gut microbiome, which is mediated via the gut-brain axis. We also provide an overview of experimental and analytical methods that are currently available to researchers interested in elucidating the influence of the gut microbiome on mental health disorders during pregnancy and postpartum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz Peñalver Bernabé
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States.
| | - Pauline M Maki
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
- Department of Psychology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Shannon M Dowty
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Mariana Salas
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States
| | - Lauren Cralle
- University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Zainab Shah
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Jack A Gilbert
- Scripts Oceanographic Institute, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
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Short Chain Fatty Acids and Fecal Microbiota Abundance in Humans with Obesity: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11102512. [PMID: 31635264 PMCID: PMC6835694 DOI: 10.3390/nu11102512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2019] [Revised: 10/09/2019] [Accepted: 10/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
There have been mixed results regarding the relationship among short chain fatty acids (SCFAs), microbiota, and obesity in human studies. We selected studies that provided data on SCFA levels or fecal microbiota abundance in obese and nonobese individuals and then combined the published estimates using a random-effects meta-analysis. Obese individuals had significantly higher fecal concentrations of acetate (SMD (standardized mean differences) = 0.87, 95% CI (confidence interva) = 0.24-1.50, I2 (I-squared) = 88.5), propionate (SMD = 0.86, 95% CI = 0.35-1.36, I2 = 82.3%), and butyrate (SMD = 0.78, 95% CI = 0.29-1.27, I2 = 81.7%) than nonobese controls. The subgroup analyses showed no evidence of heterogeneity among obese individuals with a BMI >30 kg/m2 (I2 = 0.0%). At the phylum level, the abundance of fecal microbiota was reduced in obese compared to nonobese individuals, but the difference was not statistically significant (Bacteroidetes phylum, SMD = -0.36, 95% CI = -0.73-0.01; Firmicutes phylum, SMD = -0.10, 95% CI = -0.31-0.10). The currently available human case-control studies show that obesity is associated with high levels of SCFA but not gut microbiota richness at the phylum level. Additional well-designed studies with a considerable sample size are needed to clarify whether this association is causal, but it is also necessary to identify additional contributors to SCFA production, absorption, and excretion in humans.
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Cao SY, Zhao CN, Xu XY, Tang GY, Corke H, Gan RY, Li HB. Dietary plants, gut microbiota, and obesity: Effects and mechanisms. Trends Food Sci Technol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2019.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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Anlu W, Dongcheng C, He Z, Qiuyi L, Yan Z, Yu Q, Hao X, Keji C. Using herbal medicine to target the “microbiota-metabolism-immunity” axis as possible therapy for cardiovascular disease. Pharmacol Res 2019; 142:205-222. [DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2019.02.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2018] [Revised: 02/18/2019] [Accepted: 02/18/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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