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Wasén C, Beauchamp LC, Vincentini J, Li S, LeServe DS, Gauthier C, Lopes JR, Moreira TG, Ekwudo MN, Yin Z, da Silva P, Krishnan RK, Butovsky O, Cox LM, Weiner HL. Bacteroidota inhibit microglia clearance of amyloid-beta and promote plaque deposition in Alzheimer's disease mouse models. Nat Commun 2024; 15:3872. [PMID: 38719797 PMCID: PMC11078963 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-47683-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The gut microbiota and microglia play critical roles in Alzheimer's disease (AD), and elevated Bacteroides is correlated with cerebrospinal fluid amyloid-β (Aβ) and tau levels in AD. We hypothesize that Bacteroides contributes to AD by modulating microglia. Here we show that administering Bacteroides fragilis to APP/PS1-21 mice increases Aβ plaques in females, modulates cortical amyloid processing gene expression, and down regulates phagocytosis and protein degradation microglial gene expression. We further show that administering Bacteroides fragilis to aged wild-type male and female mice suppresses microglial uptake of Aβ1-42 injected into the hippocampus. Depleting murine Bacteroidota with metronidazole decreases amyloid load in aged 5xFAD mice, and activates microglial pathways related to phagocytosis, cytokine signaling, and lysosomal degradation. Taken together, our study demonstrates that members of the Bacteroidota phylum contribute to AD pathogenesis by suppressing microglia phagocytic function, which leads to impaired Aβ clearance and accumulation of amyloid plaques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Wasén
- Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham & Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Life Sciences, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of Rheumatology and Inflammation Research, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Leah C Beauchamp
- Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham & Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Julia Vincentini
- Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham & Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Shuqi Li
- Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham & Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Danielle S LeServe
- Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham & Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Christian Gauthier
- Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham & Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Juliana R Lopes
- Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham & Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Thais G Moreira
- Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham & Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Millicent N Ekwudo
- Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham & Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Zhuoran Yin
- Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham & Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Ophthalmology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Patrick da Silva
- Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham & Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Rajesh K Krishnan
- Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham & Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Oleg Butovsky
- Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham & Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Laura M Cox
- Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham & Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Howard L Weiner
- Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham & Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
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2
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Tao W, Zhang Y, Wang B, Nie S, Fang L, Xiao J, Wu Y. Advances in molecular mechanisms and therapeutic strategies for central nervous system diseases based on gut microbiota imbalance. J Adv Res 2024:S2090-1232(24)00124-3. [PMID: 38579985 DOI: 10.1016/j.jare.2024.03.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2024] [Revised: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/07/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUD Central nervous system (CNS) diseases pose a serious threat to human health, but the regulatory mechanisms and therapeutic strategies of CNS diseases need to be further explored. It has been demonstrated that the gut microbiota (GM) is closely related to CNS disease. GM structure disorders, abnormal microbial metabolites, intestinal barrier destruction and elevated inflammation exist in patients with CNS diseases and promote the development of CNS diseases. More importantly, GM remodeling alleviates CNS pathology to some extent. AIM OF REVIEW Here, we have summarized the regulatory mechanism of the GM in CNS diseases and the potential treatment strategies for CNS repair based on GM regulation, aiming to provide safer and more effective strategies for CNS repair from the perspective of GM regulation. KEY SCIENTIFIC CONCEPTS OF REVIEW The abundance and composition of GM is closely associated with the CNS diseases. On the basis of in-depth analysis of GM changes in mice with CNS disease, as well as the changes in its metabolites, therapeutic strategies, such as probiotics, prebiotics, and FMT, may be used to regulate GM balance and affect its microbial metabolites, thereby promoting the recovery of CNS diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Tao
- The Institute of Life Sciences, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Yanren Zhang
- The Institute of Life Sciences, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Bingbin Wang
- The Institute of Life Sciences, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Saiqun Nie
- The Institute of Life Sciences, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Li Fang
- The Institute of Life Sciences, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Jian Xiao
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China.
| | - Yanqing Wu
- The Institute of Life Sciences, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China.
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3
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Li Z, Sang R, Feng G, Feng Y, Zhang R, Yan X. Microbiological and metabolic pathways analysing the mechanisms of alfalfa polysaccharide and sulfated alfalfa polysaccharide in alleviating obesity. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 263:130334. [PMID: 38387635 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.130334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2023] [Revised: 02/10/2024] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
Alfalfa polysaccharide (AP) and sulfated alfalfa polysaccharide (SAP) exhibit potential for alleviating obesity. This study aimed to analyze the mechanism of action of AP and SAP in alleviating obesity through combined microbiomics and metabolomics. The research selected validated optimal AP and SAP concentration for experiment. The results showed that AP and SAP down-regulated colonic inflammatory gene expression, regulated intestinal pH to normal, and restored intestinal growth. Microbial sequencing showed that AP and SAP altered the microbial composition ratio. AP increased the relative abundance of Muribaculaceae and Romboutsia. SAP increased the relative abundance of Dubosiella, Fecalibaculum and Desulfovibrionaceae. Metabolomic analysis showed that AP regulated steroid hormone biosynthesis, neuroactive ligand-receptor interactions and bile secretion pathways. SAP focuses more on pathways related to amino acid metabolism. Meanwhile, AP and SAP down-regulated the mRNA expression of colonic COX-2, PepT-1 and HK2 and up-regulated the mRNA expression of TPH1. Correlation analysis showed a strong correlation between metabolites and gut bacteria. Dubosiella, Faecalibaculum may be the critical marker flora for polysaccharides to alleviate obesity. This study indicates that AP and SAP alleviate obesity through different pathways and that specific polysaccharide modifications affect characteristic microbial and metabolic pathways, providing new insights into polysaccharide modifications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiwei Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province 225009, China
| | - Ruxue Sang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province 225009, China
| | - Guilan Feng
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province 225009, China
| | - Yuxi Feng
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province 225009, China
| | - Ran Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province 225009, China
| | - Xuebing Yan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province 225009, China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province 225009, China.
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4
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Cox LM, Tatematsu BK, Guo L, LeServe DS, Mayrink J, Oliveira MG, Donnelly D, Fonseca RC, Lemos L, Lanser TB, Rosa AC, Lopes JR, Schwerdtfeger LA, Ribeiro GFC, Lobo ELC, Moreira TG, Oliveira AG, Weiner HL, Rezende RM. Gamma-delta T cells suppress microbial metabolites that activate striatal neurons and induce repetitive/compulsive behavior in mice. Brain Behav Immun 2024; 117:242-254. [PMID: 38281671 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2024.01.214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Revised: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 01/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Intestinal γδ T cells play an important role in shaping the gut microbiota, which is critical not only for maintaining intestinal homeostasis but also for controlling brain function and behavior. Here, we found that mice deficient for γδ T cells (γδ-/-) developed an abnormal pattern of repetitive/compulsive (R/C) behavior, which was dependent on the gut microbiota. Colonization of WT mice with γδ-/- microbiota induced R/C behavior whereas colonization of γδ-/- mice with WT microbiota abolished the R/C behavior. Moreover, γδ-/- mice had elevated levels of the microbial metabolite 3-phenylpropanoic acid in their cecum, which is a precursor to hippurate (HIP), a metabolite we found to be elevated in the CSF. HIP reaches the striatum and activates dopamine type 1 (D1R)-expressing neurons, leading to R/C behavior. Altogether, these data suggest that intestinal γδ T cells shape the gut microbiota and their metabolites and prevent dysfunctions of the striatum associated with behavior modulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura M Cox
- Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Bruna K Tatematsu
- Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Lydia Guo
- Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Danielle S LeServe
- Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Julia Mayrink
- Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Marilia G Oliveira
- Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Dustin Donnelly
- Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Roberta C Fonseca
- Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Luisa Lemos
- Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Toby B Lanser
- Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Ana C Rosa
- Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Juliana R Lopes
- Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Luke A Schwerdtfeger
- Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Gabriela F C Ribeiro
- Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Eduardo L C Lobo
- Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Thais G Moreira
- Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Andre G Oliveira
- Department of Biophysics and Physiology, Biologic Institutes of Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Howard L Weiner
- Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Rafael M Rezende
- Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
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Luan Y, Zhu X, Jiao Y, Liu H, Huang Z, Pei J, Xu Y, Yang Y, Ren K. Cardiac cell senescence: molecular mechanisms, key proteins and therapeutic targets. Cell Death Discov 2024; 10:78. [PMID: 38355681 PMCID: PMC10866973 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-023-01792-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Revised: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Cardiac aging, particularly cardiac cell senescence, is a natural process that occurs as we age. Heart function gradually declines in old age, leading to continuous heart failure, even in people without a prior history of heart disease. To address this issue and improve cardiac cell function, it is crucial to investigate the molecular mechanisms underlying cardiac senescence. This review summarizes the main mechanisms and key proteins involved in cardiac cell senescence. This review further discusses the molecular modulators of cellular senescence in aging hearts. Furthermore, the discussion will encompass comprehensive descriptions of the key drugs, modes of action and potential targets for intervention in cardiac senescence. By offering a fresh perspective and comprehensive insights into the molecular mechanisms of cardiac senescence, this review seeks to provide a fresh perspective and important theoretical foundations for the development of drugs targeting this condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Luan
- Clinical Systems Biology Laboratories, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, P. R. China
| | - Xiaofan Zhu
- Genetic and Prenatal Diagnosis Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, P. R. China
| | - Yuxue Jiao
- Clinical Systems Biology Laboratories, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, P. R. China
| | - Hui Liu
- School of Laboratory Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453003, P. R. China
| | - Zhen Huang
- School of Laboratory Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453003, P. R. China
| | - Jinyan Pei
- Quality Management Department, Henan No.3 Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, 450052, P. R. China
| | - Yawei Xu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, P. R. China.
| | - Yang Yang
- Clinical Systems Biology Laboratories, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, P. R. China.
| | - Kaidi Ren
- Department of Pharmacy, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, P. R. China.
- Henan Key Laboratory of Precision Clinical Pharmacy, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, P. R. China.
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6
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Sproten R, Nohr D, Guseva D. Nutritional strategies modulating the gut microbiome as a preventative and therapeutic approach in normal and pathological age-related cognitive decline: a systematic review of preclinical and clinical findings. Nutr Neurosci 2024:1-16. [PMID: 38165747 DOI: 10.1080/1028415x.2023.2296727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2024]
Abstract
CONTEXT The proportion of the elderly population is on the rise across the globe, and with it the prevalence of age-related neurodegenerative diseases. The gut microbiota, whose composition is highly regulated by dietary intake, has emerged as an exciting research field in neurology due to its pivotal role in modulating brain functions via the gut-brain axis. OBJECTIVES We aimed at conducting a systematic review of preclinical and clinical studies investigating the effects of dietary interventions on cognitive ageing in conjunction with changes in gut microbiota composition and functionality. METHODS PubMed and Scopus were searched using terms related to ageing, cognition, gut microbiota and dietary interventions. Studies were screened, selected based on previously determined inclusion and exclusion criteria, and evaluated for methodological quality using recommended risk of bias assessment tools. RESULTS A total of 32 studies (18 preclinical and 14 clinical) were selected for inclusion. We found that most of the animal studies showed significant positive intervention effects on cognitive behavior, while outcomes on cognition, microbiome features, and health parameters in humans were less pronounced. The effectiveness of dietary interventions depended markedly on the age, gender, degree of cognitive decline and baseline microbiome composition of participants. CONCLUSION To harness the full potential of microbiome-inspired nutrition for cognitive health, one of the main challenges remains to better understand the interplay between host, his microbiome, dietary exposures, whilst also taking into account environmental influences. Future research should aim toward making use of host-specific microbiome data to guide the development of personalized therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rieke Sproten
- Institute of Nutritional Medicine, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Donatus Nohr
- Institute of Nutritional Medicine, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Daria Guseva
- Institute of Nutritional Medicine, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany
- Institute of Child Nutrition, Max Rubner-Institut, Federal Research Institute of Nutrition and Food, Karlsruhe, Germany
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Huang F, Cao Y, Liang J, Tang R, Wu S, Zhang P, Chen R. The influence of the gut microbiome on ovarian aging. Gut Microbes 2024; 16:2295394. [PMID: 38170622 PMCID: PMC10766396 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2023.2295394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Ovarian aging occurs prior to the aging of other organ systems and acts as the pacemaker of the aging process of multiple organs. As life expectancy has increased, preventing ovarian aging has become an essential goal for promoting extended reproductive function and improving bone and genitourinary conditions related to ovarian aging in women. An improved understanding of ovarian aging may ultimately provide tools for the prediction and mitigation of this process. Recent studies have suggested a connection between ovarian aging and the gut microbiota, and alterations in the composition and functional profile of the gut microbiota have profound consequences on ovarian function. The interaction between the gut microbiota and the ovaries is bidirectional. In this review, we examine current knowledge on ovary-gut microbiota crosstalk and further discuss the potential role of gut microbiota in anti-aging interventions. Microbiota-based manipulation is an appealing approach that may offer new therapeutic strategies to delay or reverse ovarian aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feiling Huang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, National Clinical Research Center for Obstetric & Gynecologic Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Ying Cao
- School of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jinghui Liang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, National Clinical Research Center for Obstetric & Gynecologic Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Ruiyi Tang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, National Clinical Research Center for Obstetric & Gynecologic Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Si Wu
- School of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Peng Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Genetics of Birth Defects, Beijing Pediatric Research Institute; MOE Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children; Rare Disease Center, Beijing Children’s Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Rong Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, National Clinical Research Center for Obstetric & Gynecologic Diseases, Beijing, China
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Petrisko TJ, Gargus M, Chu SH, Selvan P, Whiteson KL, Tenner AJ. Influence of complement protein C1q or complement receptor C5aR1 on gut microbiota composition in wildtype and Alzheimer's mouse models. J Neuroinflammation 2023; 20:211. [PMID: 37726739 PMCID: PMC10507976 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-023-02885-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023] Open
Abstract
The contribution of the gut microbiome to neuroinflammation, cognition, and Alzheimer's disease progression has been highlighted over the past few years. Additionally, inhibition of various components of the complement system has repeatedly been demonstrated to reduce neuroinflammation and improve cognitive performance in AD mouse models. Whether the deletion of these complement components is associated with distinct microbiome composition, which could impact neuroinflammation and cognitive performance in mouse models has not yet been examined. Here, we provide a comprehensive analysis of conditional and constitutive knockouts, pharmacological inhibitors, and various housing paradigms for the animal models and wild-type controls at various ages. We aimed to determine the impact of C1q or C5aR1 inhibition on the microbiome in the Arctic and Tg2576 mouse models of AD, which develop amyloid plaques at different ages and locations. Analysis of fecal samples from WT and Arctic mice following global deletion of C1q demonstrated significant alterations to the microbiomes of Arctic but not WT mice, with substantial differences in abundances of Erysipelotrichales, Clostridiales and Alistipes. While no differences in microbiome diversity were detected between cohoused wildtype and Arctic mice with or without the constitutive deletion of the downstream complement receptor, C5aR1, a difference was detected between the C5aR1 sufficient (WT and Arctic) and deficient (C5ar1KO and ArcticC5aR1KO) mice, when the mice were housed segregated by C5aR1 genotype. However, cohousing of C5aR1 sufficient and deficient wildtype and Arctic mice resulted in a convergence of the microbiomes and equalized abundances of each identified order and genus across all genotypes. Similarly, pharmacologic treatment with the C5aR1 antagonist, PMX205, beginning at the onset of beta-amyloid plaque deposition in the Arctic and Tg2576 mice, demonstrated no impact of C5aR1 inhibition on the microbiome. This study demonstrates the importance of C1q in microbiota homeostasis in neurodegenerative disease. In addition, while demonstrating that constitutive deletion of C5aR1 can significantly alter the composition of the fecal microbiome, these differences are not present when C5aR1-deficient mice are cohoused with C5aR1-sufficient animals with or without the AD phenotype and suggests limited if any contribution of the microbiome to the previously observed prevention of cognitive and neuronal loss in the C5aR1-deficient AD models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiffany J Petrisko
- Department of Molecular Biology & Biochemistry, University of California, Irvine, 3205 McGaugh Hall, Irvine, CA, 92697-3900, USA
| | - Matthew Gargus
- Department of Molecular Biology & Biochemistry, University of California, Irvine, 3205 McGaugh Hall, Irvine, CA, 92697-3900, USA
| | - Shu-Hui Chu
- Department of Molecular Biology & Biochemistry, University of California, Irvine, 3205 McGaugh Hall, Irvine, CA, 92697-3900, USA
| | - Purnika Selvan
- Department of Molecular Biology & Biochemistry, University of California, Irvine, 3205 McGaugh Hall, Irvine, CA, 92697-3900, USA
| | - Katrine L Whiteson
- Department of Molecular Biology & Biochemistry, University of California, Irvine, 3205 McGaugh Hall, Irvine, CA, 92697-3900, USA
| | - Andrea J Tenner
- Department of Molecular Biology & Biochemistry, University of California, Irvine, 3205 McGaugh Hall, Irvine, CA, 92697-3900, USA.
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA.
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California, Irvine, School of Medicine, Irvine, CA, USA.
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9
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Boyanova L, Markovska R, Yordanov D, Gergova R, Hadzhiyski P. Anaerobes in specific infectious and noninfectious diseases: new developments. Anaerobe 2023; 81:102714. [PMID: 37349047 DOI: 10.1016/j.anaerobe.2023.102714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2022] [Revised: 01/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/24/2023]
Abstract
With the buildup of new research data, newer associations between anaerobic bacteria and diseases/conditions were evaluated. The aim of the mini-review was to draw attention and to encourage further multidisciplinary studies of the associations. We considered microbiome-disease correlations such as a decrease of fecal Faecalibacterium prausnitzii abundance in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and IBD recurrence, suggesting that F. prausnitzii could be a good biomarker for IBD. A link of subgingival Porphyromonas gingivalis with cardiovascular diseases was reported. Decreased Roseburia abundance was observed in the gut of Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease patients. Akkermansia muciniphila was found to improve adipose/glucose metabolism, however, its intestinal abundance was observed in neurodegenerative diseases as well. Severe Clostridioides difficile infections have been reported in neonates and young children. Carcinogenic potential of anaerobes has been suggested. Fusobacterium nucleatum was implicated in the development of oral and colorectal cancer, Porphyromonas gingivalis and Tannerella forsythia were linked to esophageal cancer and Cutibacterium acnes subsp. defendens was associated with prostate cancer. However, there are some controversies about the results. In a Swedish longitudinal study, neither P. gingivalis nor T. forsythia exhibited oncogenic potential. The present data can enrich knowledge of anaerobic bacteria and their multifaceted significance for health and disease and can draw future research directions. However, more studies on large numbers of patients over prolonged periods are needed, taking into account the possible changes in the microbiota over time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lyudmila Boyanova
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Medical University of Sofia, 2 Zdrave Str., 1431, Sofia, Bulgaria.
| | - Rumyana Markovska
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Medical University of Sofia, 2 Zdrave Str., 1431, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Daniel Yordanov
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Medical University of Sofia, 2 Zdrave Str., 1431, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Raina Gergova
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Medical University of Sofia, 2 Zdrave Str., 1431, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Petyo Hadzhiyski
- Specialized Hospital for Active Pediatric Treatment, Medical University of Sofia, "Acad. Ivan Evstatiev Geshov" Blvd, 1606, Sofia, Bulgaria
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10
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Susmitha G, Kumar R. Role of microbial dysbiosis in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease. Neuropharmacology 2023; 229:109478. [PMID: 36871788 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2023.109478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Revised: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/07/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the leading cause of dementia in the elderly and detected during the advanced stages where the chances of reversal are minimum. The gut-brain axis mediates a bidirectional communication between the gut and brain, which is dependent on bacterial products such as short chain fatty acids (SCFA) and neurotransmitters. Accumulating lines of evidence suggests that AD is associated with significant alteration in the composition of gut microbiota. Furthermore, transfer of gut microbiota from healthy individuals to patients can reshape the gut microbiota structure and thus holds the potential to be exploited for the treatment of various neurodegenerative disease. Moreover, AD-associated gut dysbiosis can be partially reversed by using probiotics, prebiotics, natural compounds and dietary modifications, but need further validations. Reversal of AD associated gut dysbiosis alleviate AD-associated pathological feature and therefore can be explored as a therapeutic approach in the future. The current review article will describe various studies suggesting that AD dysbiosis occurs with AD and highlights the causal role by focussing on the interventions that hold the potential to reverse the gut dysbiosis partially.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gudimetla Susmitha
- Department of Biotechnology, GITAM Institute of Sciences, GITAM (Deemed to be) University, Vishakhapatnam, India
| | - Rahul Kumar
- Department of Biotechnology, GITAM Institute of Sciences, GITAM (Deemed to be) University, Vishakhapatnam, India.
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11
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Jin Y, Kim T, Kang H. Forced treadmill running modifies gut microbiota with alleviations of cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease pathology in 3xTg-AD mice. Physiol Behav 2023; 264:114145. [PMID: 36889489 DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2023.114145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Revised: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023]
Abstract
Physical exercise has been recommended as a non-pharmacologic treatment for delaying the onset or slowing the progression of Alzheimer's disease (AD). The therapeutic potential of exercise training-induced changes in symbiotic gut microbiota against AD neuropathology is not well understood, yet. This study investigated the effects of a 20-week forced treadmill exercise program on the makeup of the gut microbiota, the integrity of the blood-brain barrier (BBB), and the development of AD-like cognitive deficits and neuropathology in triple transgenic AD mice. Our findings show that forced treadmill running causes symbiotic changes in the gut microbiota, such as increased Akkermansia muciniphila and decreased Bacteroides species, as well as increased BBB-related protein expression and reduced AD-like cognitive impairments and neuropathology progression. The current findings of this animal study suggest that the interaction between the gut microbiota and the brain, possibly via the BBB, is responsible for exercise training-induced cognitive benefits and alleviation of AD pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youngyun Jin
- College of Sport Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Taewan Kim
- College of Sport Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyunsik Kang
- College of Sport Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Republic of Korea.
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12
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Wang L, Wang F, Xiong L, Song H, Ren B, Shen X. A nexus of dietary restriction and gut microbiota: Recent insights into metabolic health. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2023:1-23. [PMID: 37154021 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2023.2202750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
In recent times, dietary restriction (DR) has received considerable attention for its promising effects on metabolism and longevity. Previous studies on DR have mainly focused on the health benefits produced by different restriction patterns, whereas comprehensive reviews of the role of gut microbiota during DR are limited. In this review, we discuss the effects of caloric restriction, fasting, protein restriction, and amino acid restriction from a microbiome perspective. Furthermore, the underlying mechanisms by which DR affects metabolic health by regulating intestinal homeostasis are summarized. Specifically, we reviewed the impacts of different DRs on specific gut microbiota. Additionally, we put forward the limitations of the current research and suggest the development of personalized microbes-directed DR for different populations and corresponding next-generation sequencing technologies for accurate microbiological analysis. DR effectively modulates the composition of the gut microbiota and microbial metabolites. In particular, DR markedly affects the rhythmic oscillation of microbes which may be related to the circadian clock system. Moreover, increasing evidence supports that DR profoundly improves metabolic syndrome, inflammatory bowel disease, and cognitive impairment. To summarize, DR may be an effective and executable dietary manipulation strategy for maintaining metabolic health, however, further investigation is needed to elucidate the underlying mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luanfeng Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics/Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety, Nanjing, China
| | - Fang Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics/Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety, Nanjing, China
| | - Ling Xiong
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics/Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety, Nanjing, China
| | - Haizhao Song
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics/Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety, Nanjing, China
| | - Bo Ren
- School of Food Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xinchun Shen
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics/Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety, Nanjing, China
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13
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Li J, Zhang F, Zhao L, Dong C. Microbiota-gut-brain axis and related therapeutics in Alzheimer's disease: prospects for multitherapy and inflammation control. Rev Neurosci 2023:revneuro-2023-0006. [PMID: 37076953 DOI: 10.1515/revneuro-2023-0006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/26/2023] [Indexed: 04/21/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common type of dementia in the elderly and causes neurodegeneration, leading to memory loss, behavioral disorder, and psychiatric impairment. One potential mechanism contributing to the pathogenesis of AD may be the imbalance in gut microbiota, local and systemic inflammation, and dysregulation of the microbiota-gut-brain axis (MGBA). Most of the AD drugs approved for clinical use today are symptomatic treatments that do not improve AD pathologic changes. As a result, researchers are exploring novel therapeutic modalities. Treatments involving the MGBA include antibiotics, probiotics, transplantation of fecal microbiota, botanical products, and others. However, single-treatment modalities are not as effective as expected, and a combination therapy is gaining momentum. The purpose of this review is to summarize recent advances in MGBA-related pathological mechanisms and treatment modalities in AD and to propose a new concept of combination therapy. "MGBA-based multitherapy" is an emerging view of treatment in which classic symptomatic treatments and MGBA-based therapeutic modalities are used in combination. Donepezil and memantine are two commonly used drugs in AD treatment. On the basis of the single/combined use of these two drugs, two/more additional drugs and treatment modalities that target the MGBA are chosen based on the characteristics of the patient's condition as an adjuvant treatment, as well as the maintenance of good lifestyle habits. "MGBA-based multitherapy" offers new insights for the treatment of cognitive impairment in AD patients and is expected to show good therapeutic results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahao Li
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, No. 222 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116011, China
| | - Feng Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Second Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310009, China
| | - Li Zhao
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, No. 222 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116011, China
| | - Chunbo Dong
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, No. 222 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116011, China
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14
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Borsom EM, Conn K, Keefe CR, Herman C, Orsini GM, Hirsch AH, Palma Avila M, Testo G, Jaramillo SA, Bolyen E, Lee K, Caporaso JG, Cope EK. Predicting Neurodegenerative Disease Using Prepathology Gut Microbiota Composition: a Longitudinal Study in Mice Modeling Alzheimer's Disease Pathologies. Microbiol Spectr 2023; 11:e0345822. [PMID: 36877047 PMCID: PMC10101110 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.03458-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 03/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The gut microbiota-brain axis is suspected to contribute to the development of Alzheimer's disease (AD), a neurodegenerative disease characterized by amyloid-β plaque deposition, neurofibrillary tangles, and neuroinflammation. To evaluate the role of the gut microbiota-brain axis in AD, we characterized the gut microbiota of female 3xTg-AD mice modeling amyloidosis and tauopathy and wild-type (WT) genetic controls. Fecal samples were collected fortnightly from 4 to 52 weeks, and the V4 region of the 16S rRNA gene was amplified and sequenced on an Illumina MiSeq. RNA was extracted from the colon and hippocampus, converted to cDNA, and used to measure immune gene expression using reverse transcriptase quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR). Diversity metrics were calculated using QIIME2, and a random forest classifier was applied to predict bacterial features that are important in predicting mouse genotype. Gene expression of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP; indicating astrocytosis) was elevated in the colon at 24 weeks. Markers of Th1 inflammation (il6) and microgliosis (mrc1) were elevated in the hippocampus. Gut microbiota were compositionally distinct early in life between 3xTg-AD mice and WT mice (permutational multivariate analysis of variance [PERMANOVA], 8 weeks, P = 0.001, 24 weeks, P = 0.039, and 52 weeks, P = 0.058). Mouse genotypes were correctly predicted 90 to 100% of the time using fecal microbiome composition. Finally, we show that the relative abundance of Bacteroides species increased over time in 3xTg-AD mice. Taken together, we demonstrate that changes in bacterial gut microbiota composition at prepathology time points are predictive of the development of AD pathologies. IMPORTANCE Recent studies have demonstrated alterations in the gut microbiota composition in mice modeling Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathologies; however, these studies have only included up to 4 time points. Our study is the first of its kind to characterize the gut microbiota of a transgenic AD mouse model, fortnightly, from 4 weeks of age to 52 weeks of age, to quantify the temporal dynamics in the microbial composition that correlate with the development of disease pathologies and host immune gene expression. In this study, we observed temporal changes in the relative abundances of specific microbial taxa, including the genus Bacteroides, that may play a central role in disease progression and the severity of pathologies. The ability to use features of the microbiota to discriminate between mice modeling AD and wild-type mice at prepathology time points indicates a potential role of the gut microbiota as a risk or protective factor in AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily M. Borsom
- Center for Applied Microbiome Sciences, the Pathogen and Microbiome Institute, Department of Biological Sciences, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, Arizona, USA
| | - Kathryn Conn
- Center for Applied Microbiome Sciences, the Pathogen and Microbiome Institute, Department of Biological Sciences, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, Arizona, USA
| | - Christopher R. Keefe
- Center for Applied Microbiome Sciences, the Pathogen and Microbiome Institute, Department of Biological Sciences, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, Arizona, USA
| | - Chloe Herman
- Center for Applied Microbiome Sciences, the Pathogen and Microbiome Institute, Department of Biological Sciences, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, Arizona, USA
| | - Gabrielle M. Orsini
- Center for Applied Microbiome Sciences, the Pathogen and Microbiome Institute, Department of Biological Sciences, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, Arizona, USA
| | - Allyson H. Hirsch
- Center for Applied Microbiome Sciences, the Pathogen and Microbiome Institute, Department of Biological Sciences, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, Arizona, USA
| | - Melanie Palma Avila
- Center for Applied Microbiome Sciences, the Pathogen and Microbiome Institute, Department of Biological Sciences, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, Arizona, USA
| | - George Testo
- Center for Applied Microbiome Sciences, the Pathogen and Microbiome Institute, Department of Biological Sciences, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, Arizona, USA
| | - Sierra A. Jaramillo
- Center for Applied Microbiome Sciences, the Pathogen and Microbiome Institute, Department of Biological Sciences, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, Arizona, USA
| | - Evan Bolyen
- Center for Applied Microbiome Sciences, the Pathogen and Microbiome Institute, Department of Biological Sciences, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, Arizona, USA
| | - Keehoon Lee
- Center for Applied Microbiome Sciences, the Pathogen and Microbiome Institute, Department of Biological Sciences, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, Arizona, USA
| | - J. Gregory Caporaso
- Center for Applied Microbiome Sciences, the Pathogen and Microbiome Institute, Department of Biological Sciences, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, Arizona, USA
| | - Emily K. Cope
- Center for Applied Microbiome Sciences, the Pathogen and Microbiome Institute, Department of Biological Sciences, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, Arizona, USA
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15
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Tang D, Tang Q, Huang W, Zhang Y, Tian Y, Fu X. Fasting: From Physiology to Pathology. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2023; 10:e2204487. [PMID: 36737846 PMCID: PMC10037992 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202204487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Revised: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Overnutrition is a risk factor for various human diseases, including neurodegenerative diseases, metabolic disorders, and cancers. Therefore, targeting overnutrition represents a simple but attractive strategy for the treatment of these increasing public health threats. Fasting as a dietary intervention for combating overnutrition has been extensively studied. Fasting has been practiced for millennia, but only recently have its roles in the molecular clock, gut microbiome, and tissue homeostasis and function emerged. Fasting can slow aging in most species and protect against various human diseases, including neurodegenerative diseases, metabolic disorders, and cancers. These centuried and unfading adventures and explorations suggest that fasting has the potential to delay aging and help prevent and treat diseases while minimizing side effects caused by chronic dietary interventions. In this review, recent animal and human studies concerning the role and underlying mechanism of fasting in physiology and pathology are summarized, the therapeutic potential of fasting is highlighted, and the combination of pharmacological intervention and fasting is discussed as a new treatment regimen for human diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongmei Tang
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China HospitalSichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center of BiotherapyChengduSichuan610041China
| | - Qiuyan Tang
- Neurology Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, School of Clinical MedicineChengdu University of Traditional Chinese MedicineChengduSichuan610075China
| | - Wei Huang
- West China Centre of Excellence for PancreatitisInstitute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western MedicineWest China‐Liverpool Biomedical Research CentreWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduSichuan610041China
| | - Yuwei Zhang
- Division of Endocrinology and MetabolismWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduSichuan610041China
| | - Yan Tian
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China HospitalSichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center of BiotherapyChengduSichuan610041China
| | - Xianghui Fu
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China HospitalSichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center of BiotherapyChengduSichuan610041China
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16
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Impact of caloric restriction on the gut microbiota. Curr Opin Microbiol 2023; 73:102287. [PMID: 36868081 DOI: 10.1016/j.mib.2023.102287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 03/05/2023]
Abstract
Caloric restriction (CR) and related time-restricted diets have been popularized as means of preventing metabolic disease while improving general well-being. However, evidence as to their long-term efficacy, adverse effects, and mechanisms of activity remains incompletely understood. The gut microbiota is modulated by such dietary approaches, yet causal evidence to its possible downstream impacts on host metabolism remains elusive. Herein, we discuss the positive and adverse influences of restrictive dietary interventions on gut microbiota composition and function, and their collective impacts on host health and disease risk. We highlight known mechanisms of microbiota influences on the host, such as modulation of bioactive metabolites, while discussing challenges in achieving mechanistic dietary-microbiota insights, including interindividual variability in dietary responses as well as other methodological and conceptual challenges. In all, causally understanding the impact of CR approaches on the gut microbiota may enable to better decode their overall influences on human physiology and disease.
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17
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Rezende RM, Cox LM, Moreira TG, Liu S, Boulenouar S, Dhang F, LeServe DS, Nakagaki BN, Lopes JR, Tatematsu BK, Lemos L, Mayrink J, Lobo ELC, Guo L, Oliveira MG, Kuhn C, Weiner HL. Gamma-delta T cells modulate the microbiota and fecal micro-RNAs to maintain mucosal tolerance. MICROBIOME 2023; 11:32. [PMID: 36814316 PMCID: PMC9948450 DOI: 10.1186/s40168-023-01478-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gamma-delta (γδ) T cells are a major cell population in the intestinal mucosa and are key mediators of mucosal tolerance and microbiota composition. Little is known about the mechanisms by which intestinal γδ T cells interact with the gut microbiota to maintain tolerance. RESULTS We found that antibiotic treatment impaired oral tolerance and depleted intestinal γδ T cells, suggesting that the gut microbiota is necessary to maintain γδ T cells. We also found that mice deficient for γδ T cells (γδ-/-) had an altered microbiota composition that led to small intestine (SI) immune dysregulation and impaired tolerance. Accordingly, colonizing WT mice with γδ-/- microbiota resulted in SI immune dysregulation and loss of tolerance whereas colonizing γδ-/- mice with WT microbiota normalized mucosal immune responses and restored mucosal tolerance. Moreover, we found that SI γδ T cells shaped the gut microbiota and regulated intestinal homeostasis by secreting the fecal micro-RNA let-7f. Importantly, oral administration of let-7f to γδ-/- mice rescued mucosal tolerance by promoting the growth of the γδ-/--microbiota-depleted microbe Ruminococcus gnavus. CONCLUSIONS Taken together, we demonstrate that γδ T cell-selected microbiota is necessary and sufficient to promote mucosal tolerance, is mediated in part by γδ T cell secretion of fecal micro-RNAs, and is mechanistically linked to restoration of mucosal immune responses. Video Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael M Rezende
- Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
| | - Laura M Cox
- Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Thais G Moreira
- Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Shirong Liu
- Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Selma Boulenouar
- Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Fyonn Dhang
- Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Danielle S LeServe
- Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Brenda N Nakagaki
- Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Juliana R Lopes
- Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Bruna K Tatematsu
- Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Luisa Lemos
- Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Julia Mayrink
- Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Eduardo L C Lobo
- Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Lydia Guo
- Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Marilia G Oliveira
- Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Chantal Kuhn
- Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Howard L Weiner
- Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
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18
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Amin AM, Mostafa H, Khojah HMJ. Insulin resistance in Alzheimer's disease: The genetics and metabolomics links. Clin Chim Acta 2023; 539:215-236. [PMID: 36566957 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2022.12.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2022] [Revised: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disease with significant socioeconomic burden worldwide. Although genetics and environmental factors play a role, AD is highly associated with insulin resistance (IR) disorders such as metabolic syndrome (MS), obesity, and type two diabetes mellitus (T2DM). These findings highlight a shared pathogenesis. The use of metabolomics as a downstream systems' biology (omics) approach can help to identify these shared metabolic traits and assist in the early identification of at-risk groups and potentially guide therapy. Targeting the shared AD-IR metabolic trait with lifestyle interventions and pharmacological treatments may offer promising AD therapeutic approach. In this narrative review, we reviewed the literature on the AD-IR pathogenic link, the shared genetics and metabolomics biomarkers between AD and IR disorders, as well as the lifestyle interventions and pharmacological treatments which target this pathogenic link.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arwa M Amin
- Department of Clinical and Hospital Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taibah University, Madinah, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Hamza Mostafa
- Biomarkers and Nutrimetabolomics Laboratory, Department of Nutrition, Food Sciences and Gastronomy, Food Innovation Network (XIA), Nutrition and Food Safety Research Institute (INSA), Facultat de Farmàcia i Ciències de l'Alimentació, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), 08028 Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (CIBERFES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid 28029, Spain
| | - Hani M J Khojah
- Department of Clinical and Hospital Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taibah University, Madinah, Saudi Arabia
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19
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Huang L, Lu Z, Zhang H, Wen H, Li Z, Liu Q, Wang R. A Novel Strategy for Alzheimer's Disease Based on the Regulatory Effect of Amyloid-β on Gut Flora. J Alzheimers Dis 2023; 94:S227-S239. [PMID: 36336932 PMCID: PMC10473151 DOI: 10.3233/jad-220651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is one of the most common neurodegenerative diseases worldwide. The accumulation of amyloid-β (Aβ) protein and plaque formation in the brain are two major causes of AD. Interestingly, growing evidence demonstrates that the gut flora can alleviate AD by affecting amyloid production and metabolism. However, the underlying mechanism remains largely unknown. This review will discuss the possible association between the gut flora and Aβ in an attempt to provide novel therapeutic directions for AD treatment based on the regulatory effect of Aβ on the gut flora.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Huang
- School of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Zhaogang Lu
- Department of Pharmacy, People’s Hospital of Ningxia /First Affiliated Hospital of Northwest University for Nationalities, Yinchuan, China
| | - Hexin Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Hongyong Wen
- School of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Zongji Li
- Laboratory Department, Clinical College of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Qibing Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
| | - Rui Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
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20
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Boehme M, Guzzetta KE, Wasén C, Cox LM. The gut microbiota is an emerging target for improving brain health during ageing. GUT MICROBIOME (CAMBRIDGE, ENGLAND) 2022; 4:E2. [PMID: 37179659 PMCID: PMC10174391 DOI: 10.1017/gmb.2022.11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
The gut microbiota plays crucial roles in maintaining the health and homeostasis of its host throughout lifespan, including through its ability to impact brain function and regulate behaviour during ageing. Studies have shown that there are disparate rates of biologic ageing despite equivalencies in chronologic age, including in the development of neurodegenerative diseases, which suggests that environmental factors may play an important role in determining health outcomes in ageing. Recent evidence demonstrates that the gut microbiota may be a potential novel target to ameliorate symptoms of brain ageing and promote healthy cognition. This review highlights the current knowledge around the relationships between the gut microbiota and host brain ageing, including potential contributions to age-related neurodegenerative diseases. Furthermore, we assess key areas for which gut microbiota-based strategies may present as opportunities for intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcus Boehme
- Nestlé Institute of Health Sciences, Nestlé Research, Société des Produits Nestlé S.A., Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Katherine Elizabeth Guzzetta
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
- Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Harvard Medical School, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering, ETH Zurich, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Caroline Wasén
- Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Harvard Medical School, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Biology and Biological Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Laura Michelle Cox
- Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Harvard Medical School, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
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21
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Dai CL, Liu F, Iqbal K, Gong CX. Gut Microbiota and Immunotherapy for Alzheimer's Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232315230. [PMID: 36499564 PMCID: PMC9741026 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232315230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder that eventually leads to dementia and death of the patient. Currently, no effective treatment is available that can slow or halt the progression of the disease. The gut microbiota can modulate the host immune system in the peripheral and central nervous system through the microbiota-gut-brain axis. Growing evidence indicates that gut microbiota dysbiosis plays an important role in the pathogenesis of AD, and modulation of the gut microbiota may represent a new avenue for treating AD. Immunotherapy targeting Aβ and tau has emerged as the most promising disease-modifying therapy for the treatment of AD. However, the underlying mechanism of AD immunotherapy is not known. Importantly, preclinical and clinical studies have highlighted that the gut microbiota exerts a major influence on the efficacy of cancer immunotherapy. However, the role of the gut microbiota in AD immunotherapy has not been explored. We found that immunotherapy targeting tau can modulate the gut microbiota in an AD mouse model. In this article, we focused on the crosstalk between the gut microbiota, immunity, and AD immunotherapy. We speculate that modulation of the gut microbiota induced by AD immunotherapy may partially underlie the efficacy of the treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Cheng-Xin Gong
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-718-494-5248; Fax: +1-718-698-7916
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22
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Kim JE, Roh YJ, Choi YJ, Lee SJ, Jin YJ, Song HJ, Seol AY, Son HJ, Hong JT, Hwang DY. Dysbiosis of Fecal Microbiota in Tg2576 Mice for Alzheimer's Disease during Pathological Constipation. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232314928. [PMID: 36499254 PMCID: PMC9736912 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232314928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Tg2576 transgenic mice for Alzheimer's disease (AD) exhibited significant phenotypes for neuropathological constipation, but no research has been conducted on the association of the fecal microbiota with dysbiosis. The correlation between fecal microbiota composition and neuropathological constipation in Tg2576 mice was investigated by examining the profile of fecal microbiota and fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) in 9-10-month-old Tg2576 mice with the AD phenotypes and constipation. Several constipation phenotypes, including stool parameters, colon length, and histopathological structures, were observed prominently in Tg2576 mice compared to the wild-type (WT) mice. The fecal microbiota of Tg2576 mice showed decreases in Bacteroidetes and increases in the Firmicutes and Proteobacteria populations at the phylum level. The FMT study showed that stool parameters, including weight, water content, and morphology, decreased remarkably in the FMT group transplanted with a fecal suspension of Tg2576 mice (TgFMT) compared to the FMT group transplanted with a fecal suspension of WT mice (WFMT). The distribution of myenteric neurons and the interstitial cells of Cajal (ICC), as well as the enteric nervous system (ENS) function, remained lower in the TgFMT group. These results suggest that the neuropathological constipation phenotypes of Tg2576 mice may be tightly linked to the dysbiosis of the fecal microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Eun Kim
- Department of Biomaterials Science (BK21 FOUR Program), Life and Industry Convergence Research Institute, College of Natural Resources and Life Science, Pusan National University, Miryang 50463, Republic of Korea
| | - Yu-Jeong Roh
- Department of Biomaterials Science (BK21 FOUR Program), Life and Industry Convergence Research Institute, College of Natural Resources and Life Science, Pusan National University, Miryang 50463, Republic of Korea
| | - Yun-Ju Choi
- Department of Biomaterials Science (BK21 FOUR Program), Life and Industry Convergence Research Institute, College of Natural Resources and Life Science, Pusan National University, Miryang 50463, Republic of Korea
| | - Su-Jin Lee
- Department of Biomaterials Science (BK21 FOUR Program), Life and Industry Convergence Research Institute, College of Natural Resources and Life Science, Pusan National University, Miryang 50463, Republic of Korea
| | - You-Jeong Jin
- Department of Biomaterials Science (BK21 FOUR Program), Life and Industry Convergence Research Institute, College of Natural Resources and Life Science, Pusan National University, Miryang 50463, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee-Jin Song
- Department of Biomaterials Science (BK21 FOUR Program), Life and Industry Convergence Research Institute, College of Natural Resources and Life Science, Pusan National University, Miryang 50463, Republic of Korea
| | - A-Yun Seol
- Department of Biomaterials Science (BK21 FOUR Program), Life and Industry Convergence Research Institute, College of Natural Resources and Life Science, Pusan National University, Miryang 50463, Republic of Korea
| | - Hong-Joo Son
- Department of Life Science and Environmental Biochemistry, Life and Industry Convergence Research Institute, College of Natural Resources and Life Science, Pusan National University, Miryang 50463, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Tae Hong
- College of Pharmacy, Chungbuk National University, Chungju 28644, Republic of Korea
| | - Dae-Youn Hwang
- Department of Biomaterials Science (BK21 FOUR Program), Life and Industry Convergence Research Institute, College of Natural Resources and Life Science, Pusan National University, Miryang 50463, Republic of Korea
- Longevity & Wellbeing Research Center, Laboratory Animals Resources Center, Pusan National University, Miryang 50463, Republic of Korea
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-55-350-5388
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Li ZL, Ma HT, Wang M, Qian YH. Research trend of microbiota-gut-brain axis in Alzheimer’s disease based on CiteSpace (2012–2021): A bibliometrics analysis of 608 articles. Front Aging Neurosci 2022; 14:1036120. [DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2022.1036120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BackgroundRecently, research on the microbiota-gut-brain axis (MGBA) has received increasing attention, and the number of studies related to Alzheimer’s disease (AD) has increased rapidly, but there is currently a lack of summary of MGBA in AD.ObjectiveTo capture research hotspots, grasp the context of disciplinary research, and explore future research development directions.MethodsIn the core dataset of Web of Science, documents are searched according to specific subject words. CiteSpace software is used to perform statistical analysis on measurement indicators such as the number of published papers, publishing countries, institutions, subject areas, authors, cocited journals, and keywords, and to visualize of a network of relevant content elements.ResultsThe research of MGBA in AD has shown an upward trend year by year, and the cooperation between countries is relatively close, and mainly involves the intersection of neuroscience, pharmacy, and microbiology. This research focuses on the relationship between MGBA and AD symptoms. Keyword hotspots are closely related to new technologies. Alzheimer’s disease, anterior cingulate cortex, inflammatory degeneration, dysbiosis, and other research are the focus of this field.ConclusionThe study revealed that the research and development of MGBA in AD rapidly progressed, but no breakthrough has been made in the past decade, it still needs to be closely combined with multidisciplinary technology to grasp the frontier hotspots. Countries should further strengthen cooperation, improve the disciplinary system, and increase the proportion of empirical research in all research.
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Hashim HM, Makpol S. A review of the preclinical and clinical studies on the role of the gut microbiome in aging and neurodegenerative diseases and its modulation. Front Cell Neurosci 2022; 16:1007166. [PMID: 36406749 PMCID: PMC9669379 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2022.1007166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/06/2023] Open
Abstract
As the world population ages, the burden of age-related health problems grows, creating a greater demand for new novel interventions for healthy aging. Advancing aging is related to a loss of beneficial mutualistic microbes in the gut microbiota caused by extrinsic and intrinsic factors such as diet, sedentary lifestyle, sleep deprivation, circadian rhythms, and oxidative stress, which emerge as essential elements in controlling and prolonging life expectancy of healthy aging. This condition is known as gut dysbiosis, and it affects normal brain function via the brain-gut microbiota (BGM) axis, which is a bidirectional link between the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) and the central nervous system (CNS) that leads to the emergence of brain disorders such as Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), and frontotemporal dementia (FTD). Here, we reviewed the role of the gut microbiome in aging and neurodegenerative diseases, as well as provided a comprehensive review of recent findings from preclinical and clinical studies to present an up-to-date overview of recent advances in developing strategies to modulate the intestinal microbiome by probiotic administration, dietary intervention, fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT), and physical activity to address the aging process and prevent neurodegenerative diseases. The findings of this review will provide researchers in the fields of aging and the gut microbiome design innovative studies that leverage results from preclinical and clinical studies to better understand the nuances of aging, gut microbiome, and neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Suzana Makpol
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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Identification of environmental factors that promote intestinal inflammation. Nature 2022; 611:801-809. [PMID: 36266581 PMCID: PMC9898826 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-022-05308-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Genome-wide association studies have identified risk loci linked to inflammatory bowel disease (IBD)1-a complex chronic inflammatory disorder of the gastrointestinal tract. The increasing prevalence of IBD in industrialized countries and the augmented disease risk observed in migrants who move into areas of higher disease prevalence suggest that environmental factors are also important determinants of IBD susceptibility and severity2. However, the identification of environmental factors relevant to IBD and the mechanisms by which they influence disease has been hampered by the lack of platforms for their systematic investigation. Here we describe an integrated systems approach, combining publicly available databases, zebrafish chemical screens, machine learning and mouse preclinical models to identify environmental factors that control intestinal inflammation. This approach established that the herbicide propyzamide increases inflammation in the small and large intestine. Moreover, we show that an AHR-NF-κB-C/EBPβ signalling axis operates in T cells and dendritic cells to promote intestinal inflammation, and is targeted by propyzamide. In conclusion, we developed a pipeline for the identification of environmental factors and mechanisms of pathogenesis in IBD and, potentially, other inflammatory diseases.
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26
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Arya JK, Kumar R, Tripathi SS, Rizvi SI. 3-Bromopyruvate, a caloric restriction mimetic, exerts a mitohormetic effect to provide neuroprotection through activation of autophagy in rats during aging. Biogerontology 2022; 23:641-652. [PMID: 36048311 DOI: 10.1007/s10522-022-09988-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
In the present study, attempts have been made to evaluate the potential role of 3 Bromopyruvate (3-BP) a glycolytic inhibitor and a caloric restriction mimetic (CRM), to exert neuroprotection in rats during aging through modulation of autophagy. Young male rats (4 months), and naturally aged (22 months) male rats were supplemented with 3-BP (30 mg/kg b.w., orally) for 28 days. Our results demonstrate a significant increase in the antioxidant biomarkers (ferric reducing antioxidant potential level, total thiol, superoxide dismutase, and catalase activities) and a decrease in the level of pro-oxidant biomarkers such as protein carbonyl after 3-BP supplementation in brain tissues. A significant increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS) was observed due to the mitohormetic effect of 3-BP supplementation in the treated rats. Furthermore, the 3-BP treatment also enhanced the activities of electron transport chain complexes I and IV in aged brain mitochondria thus proving its antioxidant potential at the level of mitochondria. Gene expression analysis with reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was performed to assess the expression of autophagy, neuroprotective and aging marker genes. RT-PCR data revealed that 3-BP up-regulated the expression of autophagy markers genes (Beclin-1 and LC3 β), sirtuin-1, and neuronal marker gene (NSE), respectively in the aging brain. The results suggest that 3-BP induces a mitohormetic effect through the elevation of ROS which reinforces defensive mechanism(s) targeted at regulating autophagy. These findings suggest that consistently low-dose 3-BP may be beneficial for neuroprotection during aging and age-related disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jitendra Kumar Arya
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Allahabad, Allahabad, Uttar Pradesh, 211002, India
| | - Raushan Kumar
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Allahabad, Allahabad, Uttar Pradesh, 211002, India
| | | | - Syed Ibrahim Rizvi
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Allahabad, Allahabad, Uttar Pradesh, 211002, India.
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27
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Chen Y, Kim M, Paye S, Benayoun BA. Sex as a Biological Variable in Nutrition Research: From Human Studies to Animal Models. Annu Rev Nutr 2022; 42:227-250. [PMID: 35417195 PMCID: PMC9398923 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-nutr-062220-105852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Biological sex is a fundamental source of phenotypic variability across species. Males and females have different nutritional needs and exhibit differences in nutrient digestion and utilization, leading to different health outcomes throughout life. With personalized nutrition gaining popularity in scientific research and clinical practice, it is important to understand the fundamentals of sex differences in nutrition research. Here, we review key studies that investigate sex dimorphism in nutrition research: sex differences in nutrient intake and metabolism, sex-dimorphic response in nutrient-restricted conditions, and sex differences in diet and gut microbiome interactions. Within each area above, factors from sex chromosomes, sex hormones, and sex-specific loci are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yilin Chen
- Leonard Davis School of Gerontology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA;
| | - Minhoo Kim
- Leonard Davis School of Gerontology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA;
| | - Sanjana Paye
- Department of Molecular and Computational Biology, Dornsife College of Letters, Arts and Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Bérénice A Benayoun
- Leonard Davis School of Gerontology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA;
- Department of Molecular and Computational Biology, Dornsife College of Letters, Arts and Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
- Epigenetics and Gene Regulation Program, USC Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
- USC Stem Cell Initiative, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
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28
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Zhu M, Liu X, Ye Y, Yan X, Cheng Y, Zhao L, Chen F, Ling Z. Gut Microbiota: A Novel Therapeutic Target for Parkinson’s Disease. Front Immunol 2022; 13:937555. [PMID: 35812394 PMCID: PMC9263276 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.937555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Parkinson’s disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disease characterized by motor dysfunction. Growing evidence has demonstrated that gut dysbiosis is involved in the occurrence, development and progression of PD. Numerous clinical trials have identified the characteristics of the changed gut microbiota profiles, and preclinical studies in PD animal models have indicated that gut dysbiosis can influence the progression and onset of PD via increasing intestinal permeability, aggravating neuroinflammation, aggregating abnormal levels of α-synuclein fibrils, increasing oxidative stress, and decreasing neurotransmitter production. The gut microbiota can be considered promising diagnostic and therapeutic targets for PD, which can be regulated by probiotics, psychobiotics, prebiotics, synbiotics, postbiotics, fecal microbiota transplantation, diet modifications, and Chinese medicine. This review summarizes the recent studies in PD-associated gut microbiota profiles and functions, the potential roles, and mechanisms of gut microbiota in PD, and gut microbiota-targeted interventions for PD. Deciphering the underlying roles and mechanisms of the PD-associated gut microbiota will help interpret the pathogenesis of PD from new perspectives and elucidate novel therapeutic strategies for PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manlian Zhu
- Department of Geriatrics, Lishui Second People’s Hospital, Lishui, China
| | - Xia Liu
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yiru Ye
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Lishui Central Hospital, Lishui, China
| | - Xiumei Yan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lishui Second People’s Hospital, Lishui, China
| | - Yiwen Cheng
- Jinan Microecological Biomedicine Shandong Laboratory, Jinan, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Longyou Zhao
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lishui Second People’s Hospital, Lishui, China
| | - Feng Chen
- Jinan Microecological Biomedicine Shandong Laboratory, Jinan, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Zongxin Ling, ; ; Feng Chen,
| | - Zongxin Ling
- Jinan Microecological Biomedicine Shandong Laboratory, Jinan, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Zongxin Ling, ; ; Feng Chen,
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29
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Bifidobacterium bifidum BGN4 and Bifidobacterium longum BORI promotes neuronal rejuvenation in aged mice. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2022; 603:41-48. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2022.03.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Revised: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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30
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Choi H, Lee D, Mook-Jung I. Gut Microbiota as a Hidden Player in the Pathogenesis of Alzheimer's Disease. J Alzheimers Dis 2022; 86:1501-1526. [PMID: 35213369 DOI: 10.3233/jad-215235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD), the most common neurodegenerative disorder, is accompanied by cognitive impairment and shows representative pathological features, including senile plaques and neurofibrillary tangles in the brain. Recent evidence suggests that several systemic changes outside the brain are associated with AD and may contribute to its pathogenesis. Among the factors that induce systemic changes in AD, the gut microbiota is increasingly drawing attention. Modulation of gut microbiome, along with continuous attempts to remove pathogenic proteins directly from the brain, is a viable strategy to cure AD. Seeking a holistic understanding of the pathways throughout the body that can affect the pathogenesis, rather than regarding AD solely as a brain disease, may be key to successful therapy. In this review, we focus on the role of the gut microbiota in causing systemic manifestations of AD. The review integrates recently emerging concepts and provides potential mechanisms about the involvement of the gut-brain axis in AD, ranging from gut permeability and inflammation to bacterial translocation and cross-seeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyunjung Choi
- Genomic Medicine Institute, Medical Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,SNU Dementia Research Center, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Dongjoon Lee
- Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,SNU Dementia Research Center, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Inhee Mook-Jung
- Genomic Medicine Institute, Medical Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,SNU Dementia Research Center, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Korf JM, Ganesh BP, McCullough LD. Gut dysbiosis and age-related neurological diseases in females. Neurobiol Dis 2022; 168:105695. [PMID: 35307514 PMCID: PMC9631958 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2022.105695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2021] [Revised: 02/19/2022] [Accepted: 03/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Historically, females have been underrepresented in biological research. With increased interest in the gut microbiome and the gut-brain axis, it is important for researchers to pursue studies that consider sex as a biological variable. The composition of the gut microbiome is influenced by environmental factors, disease, diet, and varies with age and by sex. Detrimental changes in the gut microbiome, referred to as dysbiosis, is believed to influence the development and progression of age-related neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, Huntington’s disease, and stroke. Many are investigating the changes in microbial populations in order or to better understand the role of the gut immunity and the microbiome in neurodegenerative diseases, many of which the exact etiology remains elusive, and no cures exist. Others are working to find diagnostic markers for earlier detection, or to therapeutically modulate microbial populations using probiotics. However, while all these diseases present in reproductively senescent females, most studies only use male animals for their experimental design. Reproductively senescent females have been shown to have differences in disease progression, inflammatory responses, and microbiota composition, therefore, for research to be translational to affected populations it is necessary for appropriate models to be used. This review discusses factors that influence the gut microbiome and the gut brain axis in females, and highlights studies that have investigated the role of dysbiosis in age-related neurodegenerative disorders that have included females in their study design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janelle M Korf
- Department of Neurology, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, 6431 Fannin Street, Houston, TX 77370, USA; University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, 6767 Bertner Ave, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
| | - Bhanu P Ganesh
- Department of Neurology, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, 6431 Fannin Street, Houston, TX 77370, USA.
| | - Louise D McCullough
- Department of Neurology, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, 6431 Fannin Street, Houston, TX 77370, USA.
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32
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Zhao Y, Jia M, Chen W, Liu Z. The neuroprotective effects of intermittent fasting on brain aging and neurodegenerative diseases via regulating mitochondrial function. Free Radic Biol Med 2022; 182:206-218. [PMID: 35218914 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2022.02.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2021] [Revised: 01/29/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Intermittent fasting (IF) has been studied for its effects on lifespan and the prevention or delay of age-related diseases upon the regulation of metabolic pathways. Mitochondria participate in key metabolic pathways and play important roles in maintaining intracellular signaling networks that modulate various cellular functions. Mitochondrial dysfunction has been described as an early feature of brain aging and neurodegeneration. Although IF has been shown to prevent brain aging and neurodegeneration, the mechanism is still unclear. This review focuses on the mechanisms by which IF improves mitochondrial function, which plays a central role in brain aging and neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and Huntington's disease. The cellular and molecular mechanisms of IF in brain aging and neurodegeneration involve activation of adaptive cellular stress responses and signaling- and transcriptional pathways, thereby enhancing mitochondrial function, by promoting energy metabolism and reducing oxidant production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yihang Zhao
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Mengzhen Jia
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Weixuan Chen
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Zhigang Liu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China; German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Nuthetal, Germany.
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Can dietary patterns prevent cognitive impairment and reduce Alzheimer's disease risk: exploring the underlying mechanisms of effects. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2022; 135:104556. [PMID: 35122783 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2022.104556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2021] [Revised: 01/29/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is one of the fastest growing cognitive decline-related neurological diseases. To date, effective curative strategies have remained elusive. A growing body of evidence indicates that dietary patterns have significant effects on cognitive function and the risk of developing AD. Previous studies on the association between diet and AD risk have mainly focused on individual food components and specific nutrients, and the mechanisms responsible for the beneficial effects of dietary patterns on AD are not well understood. This article provides a comprehensive overview of the effects of dietary patterns, including the Mediterranean diet (MedDiet), dietary approaches to stop hypertension (DASH) diet, Mediterranean-DASH diet intervention for neurological delay (MIND), ketogenic diet, caloric restriction, intermittent fasting, methionine restriction, and low-protein and high-carbohydrate diet, on cognitive impairment and summarizes the underlying mechanisms by which dietary patterns attenuate cognitive impairment, especially highlighting the modulation of dietary patterns on cognitive impairment through gut microbiota. Furthermore, considering the variability in individual metabolic responses to dietary intake, we put forward a framework to develop personalized dietary patterns for people with cognitive disorders or AD based on individual gut microbiome compositions.
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Verhaar BJH, Hendriksen HMA, de Leeuw FA, Doorduijn AS, van Leeuwenstijn M, Teunissen CE, Barkhof F, Scheltens P, Kraaij R, van Duijn CM, Nieuwdorp M, Muller M, van der Flier WM. Gut Microbiota Composition Is Related to AD Pathology. Front Immunol 2022; 12:794519. [PMID: 35173707 PMCID: PMC8843078 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.794519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2021] [Accepted: 12/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
IntroductionSeveral studies have reported alterations in gut microbiota composition of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) patients. However, the observed differences are not consistent across studies. We aimed to investigate associations between gut microbiota composition and AD biomarkers using machine learning models in patients with AD dementia, mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and subjective cognitive decline (SCD).Materials and MethodsWe included 170 patients from the Amsterdam Dementia Cohort, comprising 33 with AD dementia (66 ± 8 years, 46%F, mini-mental state examination (MMSE) 21[19-24]), 21 with MCI (64 ± 8 years, 43%F, MMSE 27[25-29]) and 116 with SCD (62 ± 8 years, 44%F, MMSE 29[28-30]). Fecal samples were collected and gut microbiome composition was determined using 16S rRNA sequencing. Biomarkers of AD included cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) amyloid-beta 1-42 (amyloid) and phosphorylated tau (p-tau), and MRI visual scores (medial temporal atrophy, global cortical atrophy, white matter hyperintensities). Associations between gut microbiota composition and dichotomized AD biomarkers were assessed with machine learning classification models. The two models with the highest area under the curve (AUC) were selected for logistic regression, to assess associations between the 20 best predicting microbes and the outcome measures from these machine learning models while adjusting for age, sex, BMI, diabetes, medication use, and MMSE.ResultsThe machine learning prediction for amyloid and p-tau from microbiota composition performed best with AUCs of 0.64 and 0.63. Highest ranked microbes included several short chain fatty acid (SCFA)-producing species. Higher abundance of [Clostridium] leptum and lower abundance of [Eubacterium] ventriosum group spp., Lachnospiraceae spp., Marvinbryantia spp., Monoglobus spp., [Ruminococcus] torques group spp., Roseburia hominis, and Christensenellaceae R-7 spp., was associated with higher odds of amyloid positivity. We found associations between lower abundance of Lachnospiraceae spp., Lachnoclostridium spp., Roseburia hominis and Bilophila wadsworthia and higher odds of positive p-tau status.ConclusionsGut microbiota composition was associated with amyloid and p-tau status. We extend on recent studies that observed associations between SCFA levels and AD CSF biomarkers by showing that lower abundances of SCFA-producing microbes were associated with higher odds of positive amyloid and p-tau status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara J. H. Verhaar
- Department of Internal Medicine - Geriatrics, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam University Medical Center (UMC), Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Department of Internal and Vascular Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Center (UMC), Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Alzheimer Center, Department of Neurology, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam University Medical Center (UMC), Amsterdam, Netherlands
- *Correspondence: Barbara J. H. Verhaar,
| | - Heleen M. A. Hendriksen
- Alzheimer Center, Department of Neurology, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam University Medical Center (UMC), Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Francisca A. de Leeuw
- Alzheimer Center, Department of Neurology, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam University Medical Center (UMC), Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Astrid S. Doorduijn
- Alzheimer Center, Department of Neurology, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam University Medical Center (UMC), Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Mardou van Leeuwenstijn
- Alzheimer Center, Department of Neurology, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam University Medical Center (UMC), Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Charlotte E. Teunissen
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Amsterdam University Medical Center (UMC), Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Frederik Barkhof
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Center (UMC), Amsterdam, Netherlands
- University College London (UCL) Institutes of Neurology, Faculty of Brain Sciences, London, United Kingdom
| | - Philip Scheltens
- Alzheimer Center, Department of Neurology, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam University Medical Center (UMC), Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Robert Kraaij
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center (MC), Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Cornelia M. van Duijn
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center (MC), Rotterdam, Netherlands
- Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Max Nieuwdorp
- Department of Internal and Vascular Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Center (UMC), Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Majon Muller
- Department of Internal Medicine - Geriatrics, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam University Medical Center (UMC), Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Wiesje M. van der Flier
- Alzheimer Center, Department of Neurology, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam University Medical Center (UMC), Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Department of Epidemiology and Data Science, Amsterdam University Medical Center (UMC), Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
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35
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Guo M, Yang C, Li B, Cheng SX, Guo Q, Ming D, Zheng B. Bionic Dormant Body of Timed Wake-Up for Bacteriotherapy in Vivo. ACS NANO 2022; 16:823-836. [PMID: 35025206 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.1c08377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The microorganism has become a promising therapeutic tool for many diseases because it is a kind of cell factory that can efficiently synthesize a variety of bioactive substances. However, the metabolic destiny of microorganisms is difficult to predict in vivo. Here, a timing bionic dormant body with programmable destiny is reported, which can predict the metabolic time and location of microorganisms in vivo and can prevent it from being damaged by the complex biological environment in vivo. Taking the complex digestive system as an example, the bionic dormant body exists in the upper digestive tract as a nonmetabolic dormant body after oral administration and will be awakened to synthesize bioactive substances about 2 h after reaching the intestine. Compared with oral microorganisms alone, the bioavailability of the biomimetic dormant body in the intestine is almost 3.5 times higher. The utilization rate of the oral bionic dormant body to synthesize drugs is 2.28 times higher than oral drugs. We demonstrated the significant efficacies of treatment using Parkinson's disease (PD) mice by dormant body capable of timed neurotransmitter production after oral delivery. The timed bionic dormant body with programmable destiny may provide an effective technology to generate advanced microbial therapies for the treatment of various diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingming Guo
- Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Brain Science and Neural Engineering, Xincheng Hospital of Tianjin University, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, P. R. China
| | - Chunrui Yang
- Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Brain Science and Neural Engineering, Xincheng Hospital of Tianjin University, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, P. R. China
- Department of Pathology, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300211, P. R. China
| | - Bowen Li
- Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Brain Science and Neural Engineering, Xincheng Hospital of Tianjin University, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, P. R. China
| | - Shi-Xiang Cheng
- Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Brain Science and Neural Engineering, Xincheng Hospital of Tianjin University, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, P. R. China
- Healthina Academy of Cellular Intelligence Manufacturing & Neurotrauma Repair, Beijing Tangyi Huikang Biomedical Technology Co., Ltd., Beijing 100010, P. R. China
| | - Qinglu Guo
- Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Brain Science and Neural Engineering, Xincheng Hospital of Tianjin University, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, P. R. China
| | - Dong Ming
- Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Brain Science and Neural Engineering, Xincheng Hospital of Tianjin University, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, P. R. China
| | - Bin Zheng
- Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Brain Science and Neural Engineering, Xincheng Hospital of Tianjin University, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, P. R. China
- Healthina Academy of Cellular Intelligence Manufacturing & Neurotrauma Repair, Beijing Tangyi Huikang Biomedical Technology Co., Ltd., Beijing 100010, P. R. China
- Wenzhou Safety (Emergency) Institute of Tianjin University, Tianjin University, Wenzhou 325000, P. R. China
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36
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de Carvalho TS. Calorie restriction or dietary restriction: how far they can protect the brain against neurodegenerative diseases? Neural Regen Res 2022; 17:1640-1644. [PMID: 35017409 PMCID: PMC8820686 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.332126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Finding the correct nutritional intervention is one of the biggest challenges in treating patients with neurodegenerative diseases. In general, these patients develop strong metabolic alterations, resulting in lower treatment efficacy and higher mortality rates. However, there are still many open questions regarding the effectiveness of dietary interventions in neurodiseases. Some studies have shown that a reduction in calorie intake activates key pathways that might be important for preventing or slowing down the progression of such diseases. However, it is still unclear whether these neuroprotective effects are associated with an overall reduction in calories (hypocaloric diet) or a specific nutrient restriction (diet restriction). Therefore, here we discuss how commonly or differently hypocaloric and restricted diets modulate signaling pathways and how these changes can protect the brain against neurodegenerative diseases.
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Sohrabi M, Sahu B, Kaur H, Hasler WA, Prakash A, Combs CK. Gastrointestinal Changes and Alzheimer's Disease. Curr Alzheimer Res 2022; 19:335-350. [PMID: 35718965 PMCID: PMC10497313 DOI: 10.2174/1567205019666220617121255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Revised: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is a well-described mechanism of communication between the brain and gastrointestinal system in which both organs influence the function of the other. This bi-directional communication suggests that disease in either organ may affect function in the other. OBJECTIVE To assess whether the evidence supports gastrointestinal system inflammatory or degenerative pathophysiology as a characteristic of Alzheimer's disease (AD). METHODS A review of both rodent and human studies implicating gastrointestinal changes in AD was performed. RESULTS Numerous studies indicate that AD changes are not unique to the brain but also occur at various levels of the gastrointestinal tract involving both immune and neuronal changes. In addition, it appears that numerous conditions and diseases affecting regions of the tract may communicate to the brain to influence disease. CONCLUSION Gastrointestinal changes represent an overlooked aspect of AD, representing a more system influence of this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mona Sohrabi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND 58202-9037, USA
| | - Bijayani Sahu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND 58202-9037, USA
| | - Harpreet Kaur
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND 58202-9037, USA
| | - Wendie A Hasler
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND 58202-9037, USA
| | - Atish Prakash
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND 58202-9037, USA
| | - Colin K Combs
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND 58202-9037, USA
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38
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Wasén C, Simonsen E, Ekwudo MN, Profant MR, Cox LM. The emerging role of the microbiome in Alzheimer's disease. MICROBIOME IN NEUROLOGICAL DISEASE 2022; 167:101-139. [PMID: 36427953 PMCID: PMC10170863 DOI: 10.1016/bs.irn.2022.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most prevalent form of dementia and can be influenced by genetic and environmental factors. Recent studies suggest that the intestinal microbiota is altered in AD patients when compared to healthy individuals and may play a role in disease onset and progression. Aging is the greatest risk factor for AD, and age-related changes in the microbiota can affect processes that contribute to cognitive decline. The microbiota may affect AD by modulating peripheral and central immunity or by secreting factors that influence neurogenesis or neuronal cell death. Finally, probiotic and dietary interventions that target the microbiome may have therapeutic potential to prevent or treat AD.
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Time-restricted feeding induces Lactobacillus- and Akkermansia-specific functional changes in the rat fecal microbiota. NPJ Biofilms Microbiomes 2021; 7:85. [PMID: 34862421 PMCID: PMC8642412 DOI: 10.1038/s41522-021-00256-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2021] [Accepted: 11/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Diet is a key factor influencing gut microbiota (GM) composition and functions, which in turn affect host health. Among dietary regimens, time-restricted (TR) feeding has been associated to numerous health benefits. The impact of TR feeding on the GM composition has been mostly explored by means of metagenomic sequencing. To date, however, little is known about the modulation of GM functions by this dietary regimen. Here, we analyzed the effects of TR feeding on GM functions by evaluating protein expression changes in a rat model through a metaproteomic approach. We observed that TR feeding has a relevant impact on GM functions, specifically leading to an increased abundance of several enzymes involved in carbohydrate and protein metabolism and expressed by Lactobacillus spp. and Akkermansia muciniphila. Taken together, these results contribute to deepening our knowledge about the key relationship between diet, GM, and health.
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40
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Ntsapi CM, Loos B. Neurons die with heightened but functional macro- and chaperone mediated autophagy upon increased amyloid-ß induced toxicity with region-specific protection in prolonged intermittent fasting. Exp Cell Res 2021; 408:112840. [PMID: 34624324 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2021.112840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2021] [Revised: 08/30/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a devastating neurodegenerative condition with significant socio-economic impact that is exacerbated by the rapid increase in population aging, particularly impacting already burdened health care systems of poorly resourced countries. Accumulation of the amyloid-β (Aβ) peptide, generated through amyloid precursor protein (APP) processing, manifesting in senile plaques, is a well-established neuropathological feature. Aβ plays a key role in driving synaptic dysfunction, neuronal cell loss, glial cell activation and oxidative stress associated with the pathogenesis of AD. Thus, the enhanced clearance of Aβ peptide though modulation of the mechanisms that regulate intracellular Aβ metabolism and clearance during AD progression have received major attention. Autophagy, a lysosome-based major proteolytic pathway, plays a crucial role in intracellular protein quality control and has been shown to contribute to the clearance of Aβ peptide. However, to what extent autophagy activity remains upregulated and functional in the process of increasing Aβ neurotoxicity is largely unclear. Here, we investigated the extent of neuronal toxicity in vitro by characterising autophagic flux, the expression profile of key amyloidogenic proteins, and proteins associated with prominent subtypes of the autophagy pathway to dissect the interplay between the engagement of proteolytic pathways and cell death onset in the context of APP overexpression. Moreover, we assessed the neuroprotective effects of a caloric restriction regime in vivo on the modulation of autophagy in specific brain regions. Our results reveal that autophagy is upregulated in the presence of high levels of APP and Aβ and remains heightened and functional despite concomitant apoptosis induction, suggestive of a mismatch between autophagy cargo generation and clearance capacity. These findings were confirmed when implementing a prolonged intermittent fasting (IF) intervention in a model of paraquat-induced neuronal toxicity, where markers of autophagic activity were increased, while apoptosis onset and lipid peroxidation were robustly decreased in brain regions associated with neurodegeneration. This work highlights that especially caloric restriction mimetics and controlled prolonged IF may indeed be a highly promising therapeutic strategy at all stages of AD-associated pathology progression, for a cell-inherent and cell specific augmentation of Aβ clearance through the powerful engagement of autophagy and thereby robustly contributing to neuronal protection.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ben Loos
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Stellenbosch University, South Africa.
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41
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Multiunit In Vitro Colon Model for the Evaluation of Prebiotic Potential of a Fiber Plus D-Limonene Food Supplement. Foods 2021; 10:foods10102371. [PMID: 34681420 PMCID: PMC8535099 DOI: 10.3390/foods10102371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Revised: 10/01/2021] [Accepted: 10/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The search for new fiber supplements that can claim to be "prebiotic" is expanding fast, as the role of prebiotics and intestinal microbiota in well-being has been well established. This work explored the prebiotic potential of a novel fiber plus D-Limonene supplement (FLS) in comparison to fructooligosaccharides (FOS) over distal colonic fermentation with the in vitro model MICODE (multi-unit in vitro colon gut model). During fermentation, volatilome characterization and core microbiota quantifications were performed, then correlations among volatiles and microbes were interpreted. The results indicated that FLS generated positive effects on the host gut model, determining: (i) eubiosis; (ii) increased abundance of beneficial bacteria, as Bifidobacteriaceae; (iii) production of beneficial compounds, as n-Decanoic acid; (iv) reduction in detrimental bacteria, as Enterobaceteriaceae; (v) reduction in detrimental compounds, as skatole. The approach that we followed permitted us to describe the prebiotic potential of FLS and its ability to steadily maintain the metabolism of colon microbiota over time. This aspect is two-faced and should be investigated further because if a fast microbial turnover and production of beneficial compounds is a hallmark of a prebiotic, the ability to reduce microbiota changes and to reduce imbalances in the productions of microbial metabolites could be an added value to FLS. In fact, it has been recently demonstrated that these aspects could serve as an adjuvant in metabolic disorders and cognitive decline.
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42
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Ke S, Mitchell SJ, MacArthur MR, Kane AE, Sinclair DA, Venable EM, Chadaideh KS, Carmody RN, Grodstein F, Mitchell JR, Liu Y. Gut Microbiota Predicts Healthy Late-Life Aging in Male Mice. Nutrients 2021; 13:3290. [PMID: 34579167 PMCID: PMC8467910 DOI: 10.3390/nu13093290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2021] [Revised: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Calorie restriction (CR) extends lifespan and retards age-related chronic diseases in most species. There is growing evidence that the gut microbiota has a pivotal role in host health and age-related pathological conditions. Yet, it is still unclear how CR and the gut microbiota are related to healthy aging. Here, we report findings from a small longitudinal study of male C57BL/6 mice maintained on either ad libitum or mild (15%) CR diets from 21 months of age and tracked until natural death. We demonstrate that CR results in a significantly reduced rate of increase in the frailty index (FI), a well-established indicator of aging. We observed significant alterations in diversity, as well as compositional patterns of the mouse gut microbiota during the aging process. Interrogating the FI-related microbial features using machine learning techniques, we show that gut microbial signatures from 21-month-old mice can predict the healthy aging of 30-month-old mice with reasonable accuracy. This study deepens our understanding of the links between CR, gut microbiota, and frailty in the aging process of mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanlin Ke
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; (S.K.); (F.G.)
- State Key Laboratory of Pig Genetic Improvement and Production Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China
| | - Sarah J. Mitchell
- Department of Molecular Metabolism, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA;
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, ETH Zurich, 8005 Zurich, Switzerland;
| | - Michael R. MacArthur
- Department of Molecular Metabolism, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA;
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, ETH Zurich, 8005 Zurich, Switzerland;
| | - Alice E. Kane
- Paul F. Glenn Center for Biology of Aging Research, Department of Genetics, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; (A.E.K.); (D.A.S.)
| | - David A. Sinclair
- Paul F. Glenn Center for Biology of Aging Research, Department of Genetics, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; (A.E.K.); (D.A.S.)
| | - Emily M. Venable
- Department of Human Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA; (E.M.V.); (K.S.C.); (R.N.C.)
| | - Katia S. Chadaideh
- Department of Human Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA; (E.M.V.); (K.S.C.); (R.N.C.)
| | - Rachel N. Carmody
- Department of Human Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA; (E.M.V.); (K.S.C.); (R.N.C.)
| | - Francine Grodstein
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; (S.K.); (F.G.)
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - James R. Mitchell
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, ETH Zurich, 8005 Zurich, Switzerland;
| | - Yangyu Liu
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; (S.K.); (F.G.)
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Yanguas-Casás N, Torres C, Crespo-Castrillo A, Diaz-Pacheco S, Healy K, Stanton C, Chowen JA, Garcia-Segura LM, Arevalo MA, Cryan JF, de Ceballos ML. High-fat diet alters stress behavior, inflammatory parameters and gut microbiota in Tg APP mice in a sex-specific manner. Neurobiol Dis 2021; 159:105495. [PMID: 34478848 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2021.105495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Revised: 08/13/2021] [Accepted: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Long-term high-fat diet (HFD) consumption commonly leads to obesity, a major health concern of western societies and a risk factor for Alzheimer's disease (AD). Both conditions present glial activation and inflammation and show sex differences in their incidence, clinical manifestation, and disease course. HFD intake has an important impact on gut microbiota, the bacteria present in the gut, and microbiota dysbiosis is associated with inflammation and certain mental disorders such as anxiety. In this study, we have analyzed the effects of a prolonged (18 weeks, starting at 7 months of age) HFD on male and female mice, both wild type (WT) and TgAPP mice, a model for AD, investigating the behavioral profile, gut microbiota composition and inflammatory/phagocytosis-related gene expression in hippocampus. In the open-field test, no overt differences in motor activity were observed between male and female or WT and TgAPP mice on a low-fat diet (LFD). However, HFD induced anxiety, as judged by decreased motor activity and increased time in the margins in the open-field, and a trend towards increased immobility time in the tail suspension test, with increased defecation. Intriguingly, female TgAPP mice on HFD showed less immobility and defecation compared to female WT mice on HFD. HFD induced dysbiosis of gut microbiota, resulting in reduced microbiota diversity and abundance compared with LFD fed mice, with some significant differences due to sex and little effect of genotype. Gene expression of pro-inflammatory/phagocytic markers in the hippocampus were not different between male and female WT mice, and in TgAPP mice of both sexes, some cytokines (IL-6 and IFNγ) were higher than in WT mice on LFD, more so in female TgAPP (IL-6). HFD induced few alterations in mRNA expression of inflammatory/phagocytosis-related genes in male mice, whether WT (IL-1β, MHCII), or TgAPP (IL-6). However, in female TgAPP, altered gene expression returned towards control levels following prolonged HFD (IL-6, IL-12β, TNFα, CD36, IRAK4, PYRY6). In summary, we demonstrate that HFD induces anxiogenic symptoms, marked alterations in gut microbiota, and increased expression of inflammatory genes, except for female TgAPP that appear to be resistant to the diet effects. Lifestyle interventions should be introduced to prevent AD onset or exacerbation by reducing inflammation and its associated symptoms; however, our results suggest that the eventual goal of developing prevention and treatment strategies should take sex into consideration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Yanguas-Casás
- Cajal Institute, CSIC, 28002 Madrid, Spain; Centre for Biomedical Network Research for Frailty and Healthy Ageing (CIBERFES) Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Lymphoma Research Group, Medical Oncology Department, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Puerta de Hierro-Segovia de Arana, Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain
| | - Cristina Torres
- Dept Anatomy & Neuroscience, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland; APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland; Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Biochemistry and Biotechnology Department, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | | | | | - Kiera Healy
- Dept Anatomy & Neuroscience, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland; Teagasc Food Research Centre, Moorepark, Fermoy, Cork, Ireland
| | - Catherine Stanton
- Dept Anatomy & Neuroscience, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland; Teagasc Food Research Centre, Moorepark, Fermoy, Cork, Ireland
| | - Julie A Chowen
- Department of Endocrinology, Hospital Infantil Universitario Niño Jesús, Instituto de Investigación la Princesa, 28009 Madrid, Spain; Centre for Biomedical Network Research for Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; The Madrid Institute for the advanced study of Food (IMDEA de Alimentación), Madrid, Spain
| | - Luis M Garcia-Segura
- Cajal Institute, CSIC, 28002 Madrid, Spain; Centre for Biomedical Network Research for Frailty and Healthy Ageing (CIBERFES) Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Maria Angeles Arevalo
- Cajal Institute, CSIC, 28002 Madrid, Spain; Centre for Biomedical Network Research for Frailty and Healthy Ageing (CIBERFES) Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - John F Cryan
- Dept Anatomy & Neuroscience, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland; APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
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Snigdha S, Ha K, Tsai P, Dinan TG, Bartos JD, Shahid M. Probiotics: Potential novel therapeutics for microbiota-gut-brain axis dysfunction across gender and lifespan. Pharmacol Ther 2021; 231:107978. [PMID: 34492236 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2021.107978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Revised: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Probiotics are live microorganisms, which when administered in adequate amounts, present a health benefit for the host. While the beneficial effects of probiotics on gastrointestinal function are generally well recognized, new animal research and clinical studies have found that alterations in gut microbial communities can have a broad range of effects throughout the body. Non-intestinal sites impacted include the immune, endocrine, cardiovascular and the central nervous system (CNS). In particular, there has been a growing interest and appreciation about the role that gut microbiota may play in affecting CNS-related function through the 'microbiota-gut-brain axis'. Emerging evidence suggests potential therapeutic benefits of probiotics in several CNS conditions, such as anxiety, depression, autism spectrum disorders and Parkinson's disease. There may also be some gender-specific variances in terms of probiotic mediated effects, with the gut microbiota shaping and being concurrently molded by the hormonal environment governing differences between the sexes. Probiotics may influence the ability of the gut microbiome to affect a variety of biological processes in the host, including neurotransmitter activity, vagal neurotransmission, generation of neuroactive metabolites and inflammatory response mediators. Some of these may engage in cross talk with host sex hormones, such as estrogens, which could be of relevance in relation to their effects on stress response and cognitive health. This raises the possibility of gender-specific variation with regards to the biological action of probiotics, including that on the endocrine and central nervous systems. In this review we aim to describe the current understanding in relation to the role and use of probiotics in microbiota-gut-brain axis-related dysfunction. Furthermore, we will address the conceptualization and classification of probiotics in the context of gender and lifespan as well as how restoring gut microbiota composition by clinical or dietary intervention can help in supporting health outcomes other than those related to the gastrointestinal tract. We also evaluate how these new learnings may impact industrial effort in probiotic research and the discovery and development of novel and more personalized, condition-specific, beneficial probiotic therapeutic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kevin Ha
- MeriCal, 233 E Bristol St., Orange, CA, USA
| | - Paul Tsai
- MeriCal, 233 E Bristol St., Orange, CA, USA
| | - Timothy G Dinan
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland; Department of Psychiatry and Neurobehavioural Science, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
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45
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Nandwana V, Debbarma S. Fecal Microbiota Transplantation: A Microbiome Modulation Technique for Alzheimer's Disease. Cureus 2021; 13:e16503. [PMID: 34430117 PMCID: PMC8374998 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.16503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most common form of dementia and the fifth leading cause of death among the elderly. AD involves parts of the brain that can lead to progressive memory loss and impaired language skills and cognitive thinking, affecting one’s ability to carry out daily activities. Aging, bad dietary habits, family history, as well as altered gut microbiota composition may play a role in the pathogenesis of AD. Although the association between the imbalance of gut microbiota and AD is still difficult to determine, it has been suggested that dysbiosis can lead to the increased secretion of lipopolysaccharides and amyloid, which may impair the permeability of the intestine and the blood-brain barrier. Moreover, it can progress the process of neuroinflammation, amyloid-beta formation, and ultimately neuronal death. Microbiota-targeted interventions such as personalized diet, probiotics, or fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) might represent a potential therapeutic option for AD. This review article discusses the procedure of FMT and its possible side effects on the recipient’s body. In addition, we review the role of FMT in the context of its application in various nervous system-related disorders (AD, Parkinson’s disease, multiple sclerosis).
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Affiliation(s)
- Varsha Nandwana
- Medicine, Lady Hardinge Medical College and Associated Hospitals, New Delhi, IND
| | - Shibajee Debbarma
- Community Medicine, Lady Hardinge Medical College and Associated Hospitals, New Delhi, IND
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46
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Moreira TG, Mangani D, Cox LM, Leibowitz J, Lobo ELC, Oliveira MA, Gauthier CD, Nakagaki BN, Willocq V, Song A, Guo L, Lima DCA, Murugaiyan G, Butovsky O, Gabriely G, Anderson AC, Rezende RM, Faria AMC, Weiner HL. PD-L1 + and XCR1 + dendritic cells are region-specific regulators of gut homeostasis. Nat Commun 2021; 12:4907. [PMID: 34389726 PMCID: PMC8363668 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-25115-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2020] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The intestinal mucosa constitutes an environment of closely regulated immune cells. Dendritic cells (DC) interact with the gut microbiome and antigens and are important in maintaining gut homeostasis. Here, we investigate DC transcriptome, phenotype and function in five anatomical locations of the gut lamina propria (LP) which constitute different antigenic environments. We show that DC from distinct gut LP compartments induce distinct T cell differentiation and cytokine secretion. We also find that PD-L1+ DC in the duodenal LP and XCR1+ DC in the colonic LP comprise distinct tolerogenic DC subsets that are crucial for gut homeostasis. Mice lacking PD-L1+ and XCR1+ DC have a proinflammatory gut milieu associated with an increase in Th1/Th17 cells and a decrease in Treg cells and have exacerbated disease in the models of 5-FU-induced mucositis and DSS-induced colitis. Our findings identify PD-L1+ and XCR1+ DC as region-specific physiologic regulators of intestinal homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thais G Moreira
- Evergrande Center for Immunologic Diseases and Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Davide Mangani
- Evergrande Center for Immunologic Diseases and Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Laura M Cox
- Evergrande Center for Immunologic Diseases and Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jeffrey Leibowitz
- Evergrande Center for Immunologic Diseases and Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Eduardo L C Lobo
- Evergrande Center for Immunologic Diseases and Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Mariana A Oliveira
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Christian D Gauthier
- Evergrande Center for Immunologic Diseases and Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Brenda N Nakagaki
- Evergrande Center for Immunologic Diseases and Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Valerie Willocq
- Evergrande Center for Immunologic Diseases and Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Anya Song
- Evergrande Center for Immunologic Diseases and Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Lydia Guo
- Evergrande Center for Immunologic Diseases and Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - David C A Lima
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Gopal Murugaiyan
- Evergrande Center for Immunologic Diseases and Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Oleg Butovsky
- Evergrande Center for Immunologic Diseases and Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Galina Gabriely
- Evergrande Center for Immunologic Diseases and Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ana C Anderson
- Evergrande Center for Immunologic Diseases and Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Rafael M Rezende
- Evergrande Center for Immunologic Diseases and Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ana Maria C Faria
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Howard L Weiner
- Evergrande Center for Immunologic Diseases and Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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Wang M, Cao J, Gong C, Amakye WK, Yao M, Ren J. Exploring the microbiota-Alzheimer's disease linkage using short-term antibiotic treatment followed by fecal microbiota transplantation. Brain Behav Immun 2021; 96:227-238. [PMID: 34111528 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2021.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2021] [Revised: 05/26/2021] [Accepted: 06/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Gut microbiota is proven to be involved in the development of beta amyloid (Aβ) pathology in Alzheimer's disease (AD). Since there are difficulties in translating microbiota findings based on germ-free mice into clinical practice, here, we used short-term antibiotic cocktail treatment to develop a novel model with a near-germ-free status and without impacting Aβ pathology. Three months old APPSWE/PS1ΔE9 mice were fed with antibiotic cocktails for two weeks by gavage to obtain a near "germ-free" status, and then received the donor fecal matter from the 16 months old APPSWE/PS1ΔE9 mice for 7 consecutive days. Fecal pellets were collected prior to antibiotics treatment, following antibiotic exposure, prior to and following fecal microbiota transplantation for gut microbiota analysis. Also, Aβ pathology, astrocyte and microglia morphology were further explored. Pre-antibiotic-treated mice successfully allowed engraftment of gut microbiota following 7 consecutive days gavage with aged APPSWE/PS1ΔE9 mice microbiota. Microbiota reconstitution by transplantation was largely attributable to the donor source (e.g. g_Coriobacteriaceae and g_Clostridium) and led to a significant increase in Aβ plaques. Surprisingly, astrocyte activation around Aβ plaques was suppressed rather than microglia, the well-recognized plaque phagocytic cell type in Aβ clearance, following microbiota engraftment. Our findings provide a novel framework for understanding the mechanisms of AD through the gut-brain axis and the translation of gut microbiota manipulation from bench to clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Wang
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510641, China
| | - Jianing Cao
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510641, China
| | - Congcong Gong
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510641, China
| | - William Kwame Amakye
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510641, China
| | - Maojin Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510182, China
| | - Jiaoyan Ren
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510641, China; Sino-Singapore International Joint Research Institute, Guangzhou Knowledge City, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510555, China.
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48
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Tan LY, Yeo XY, Bae HG, Lee DPS, Ho RC, Kim JE, Jo DG, Jung S. Association of Gut Microbiome Dysbiosis with Neurodegeneration: Can Gut Microbe-Modifying Diet Prevent or Alleviate the Symptoms of Neurodegenerative Diseases? Life (Basel) 2021; 11:698. [PMID: 34357070 PMCID: PMC8305650 DOI: 10.3390/life11070698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Revised: 07/09/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The central nervous system was classically perceived as anatomically and functionally independent from the other visceral organs. But in recent decades, compelling evidence has led the scientific community to place a greater emphasis on the role of gut microbes on the brain. Pathological observations and early gastrointestinal symptoms highlighted that gut dysbiosis likely precedes the onset of cognitive deficits in Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Parkinson's disease (PD) patients. The delicate balance in the number and functions of pathogenic microbes and alternative probiotic populations is critical in the modulation of systemic inflammation and neuronal health. However, there is limited success in restoring healthy microbial biodiversity in AD and PD patients with general probiotics interventions and fecal microbial therapies. Fortunately, the gut microflora is susceptible to long-term extrinsic influences such as lifestyle and dietary choices, providing opportunities for treatment through comparatively individual-specific control of human behavior. In this review, we examine the impact of restrictive diets on the gut microbiome populations associated with AD and PD. The overall evidence presented supports that gut dysbiosis is a plausible prelude to disease onset, and early dietary interventions are likely beneficial for the prevention and treatment of progressive neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Yang Tan
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology (IMCB), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore 138667, Singapore; (L.Y.T.); (X.Y.Y.)
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119228, Singapore;
| | - Xin Yi Yeo
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology (IMCB), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore 138667, Singapore; (L.Y.T.); (X.Y.Y.)
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119228, Singapore;
| | - Han-Gyu Bae
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea;
| | - Delia Pei Shan Lee
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Science, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117542, Singapore;
| | - Roger C. Ho
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119228, Singapore;
- Institute for Health Innovation & Technology (iHealthtech), National University of Singapore, Singapore 117599, Singapore
| | - Jung Eun Kim
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Science, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117542, Singapore;
| | - Dong-Gyu Jo
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea;
| | - Sangyong Jung
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology (IMCB), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore 138667, Singapore; (L.Y.T.); (X.Y.Y.)
- Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117593, Singapore
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Nutritional Interventions Targeting Gut Microbiota during Cancer Therapies. Microorganisms 2021; 9:microorganisms9071469. [PMID: 34361904 PMCID: PMC8303428 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9071469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2021] [Revised: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 07/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The gut microbiome is increasingly being recognized for its influence on intestinal and extra-intestinal disorders such as cancer. Today, diet is the most studied environmental modulator of gut microbiota, capable of altering or improving it in terms of richness and diversity. Recent evidence from several preclinical and clinical trials suggested that gut microbiota composition could modulate cancer therapies (toxicities, treatment responses) and vice versa. This review highlights the latest research on the bidirectional associations between gut microbiota and cancer. We also dissect the role of gut microbiota during cancer therapies in terms of toxicity and treatment response and, in turn, how cancer therapies could impact gut microbiota composition and functions. In this context, we summarize the state-of-the-art research regarding the role of various nutritional interventions-prebiotics, dietary strategies, and dietary restrictions-as cutting-edge possibilities to modulate gut microbiota during cancer therapies.
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50
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Self-tunable engineered yeast probiotics for the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease. Nat Med 2021; 27:1212-1222. [PMID: 34183837 DOI: 10.1038/s41591-021-01390-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2020] [Accepted: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a complex chronic inflammatory disorder of the gastrointestinal tract. Extracellular adenosine triphosphate (eATP) produced by the commensal microbiota and host cells activates purinergic signaling, promoting intestinal inflammation and pathology. Based on the role of eATP in intestinal inflammation, we developed yeast-based engineered probiotics that express a human P2Y2 purinergic receptor with up to a 1,000-fold increase in eATP sensitivity. We linked the activation of this engineered P2Y2 receptor to the secretion of the ATP-degrading enzyme apyrase, thus creating engineered yeast probiotics capable of sensing a pro-inflammatory molecule and generating a proportional self-regulated response aimed at its neutralization. These self-tunable yeast probiotics suppressed intestinal inflammation in mouse models of IBD, reducing intestinal fibrosis and dysbiosis with an efficacy similar to or higher than that of standard-of-care therapies usually associated with notable adverse events. By combining directed evolution and synthetic gene circuits, we developed a unique self-modulatory platform for the treatment of IBD and potentially other inflammation-driven pathologies.
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