1
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Shafqat A, Masters MC, Tripathi U, Tchkonia T, Kirkland JL, Hashmi SK. Long COVID as a disease of accelerated biological aging: An opportunity to translate geroscience interventions. Ageing Res Rev 2024; 99:102400. [PMID: 38945306 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2024.102400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2024] [Revised: 06/12/2024] [Accepted: 06/27/2024] [Indexed: 07/02/2024]
Abstract
It has been four years since long COVID-the protracted consequences that survivors of COVID-19 face-was first described. Yet, this entity continues to devastate the quality of life of an increasing number of COVID-19 survivors without any approved therapy and a paucity of clinical trials addressing its biological root causes. Notably, many of the symptoms of long COVID are typically seen with advancing age. Leveraging this similarity, we posit that Geroscience-which aims to target the biological drivers of aging to prevent age-associated conditions as a group-could offer promising therapeutic avenues for long COVID. Bearing this in mind, this review presents a translational framework for studying long COVID as a state of effectively accelerated biological aging, identifying research gaps and offering recommendations for future preclinical and clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Areez Shafqat
- College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Mary Clare Masters
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Utkarsh Tripathi
- Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Tamara Tchkonia
- Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA; Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - James L Kirkland
- Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA; Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA; Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Shahrukh K Hashmi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA; Research and Innovation Center, Department of Health, Abu Dhabi, UAE; College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
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2
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Kempuraj D, Aenlle KK, Cohen J, Mathew A, Isler D, Pangeni RP, Nathanson L, Theoharides TC, Klimas NG. COVID-19 and Long COVID: Disruption of the Neurovascular Unit, Blood-Brain Barrier, and Tight Junctions. Neuroscientist 2024; 30:421-439. [PMID: 37694571 DOI: 10.1177/10738584231194927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
Abstract
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the causative agent of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), could affect brain structure and function. SARS-CoV-2 can enter the brain through different routes, including the olfactory, trigeminal, and vagus nerves, and through blood and immunocytes. SARS-CoV-2 may also enter the brain from the peripheral blood through a disrupted blood-brain barrier (BBB). The neurovascular unit in the brain, composed of neurons, astrocytes, endothelial cells, and pericytes, protects brain parenchyma by regulating the entry of substances from the blood. The endothelial cells, pericytes, and astrocytes highly express angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), indicating that the BBB can be disturbed by SARS-CoV-2 and lead to derangements of tight junction and adherens junction proteins. This leads to increased BBB permeability, leakage of blood components, and movement of immune cells into the brain parenchyma. SARS-CoV-2 may also cross microvascular endothelial cells through an ACE2 receptor-associated pathway. The exact mechanism of BBB dysregulation in COVID-19/neuro-COVID is not clearly known, nor is the development of long COVID. Various blood biomarkers could indicate disease severity and neurologic complications in COVID-19 and help objectively diagnose those developing long COVID. This review highlights the importance of neurovascular and BBB disruption, as well as some potentially useful biomarkers in COVID-19, and long COVID/neuro-COVID.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duraisamy Kempuraj
- Institute for Neuro-Immune Medicine, Dr. Kiran C. Patel College of Osteopathic Medicine, Nova Southeastern University, Ft. Lauderdale, FL, USA
| | - Kristina K Aenlle
- Institute for Neuro-Immune Medicine, Dr. Kiran C. Patel College of Osteopathic Medicine, Nova Southeastern University, Ft. Lauderdale, FL, USA
- Miami Veterans Affairs Healthcare System, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Jessica Cohen
- Institute for Neuro-Immune Medicine, Dr. Kiran C. Patel College of Osteopathic Medicine, Nova Southeastern University, Ft. Lauderdale, FL, USA
| | - Annette Mathew
- Institute for Neuro-Immune Medicine, Dr. Kiran C. Patel College of Osteopathic Medicine, Nova Southeastern University, Ft. Lauderdale, FL, USA
| | - Dylan Isler
- Institute for Neuro-Immune Medicine, Dr. Kiran C. Patel College of Osteopathic Medicine, Nova Southeastern University, Ft. Lauderdale, FL, USA
| | - Rajendra P Pangeni
- Institute for Neuro-Immune Medicine, Dr. Kiran C. Patel College of Osteopathic Medicine, Nova Southeastern University, Ft. Lauderdale, FL, USA
| | - Lubov Nathanson
- Institute for Neuro-Immune Medicine, Dr. Kiran C. Patel College of Osteopathic Medicine, Nova Southeastern University, Ft. Lauderdale, FL, USA
| | - Theoharis C Theoharides
- Institute for Neuro-Immune Medicine, Dr. Kiran C. Patel College of Osteopathic Medicine, Nova Southeastern University, Ft. Lauderdale, FL, USA
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunopharmacology and Drug Discovery, Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Nancy G Klimas
- Institute for Neuro-Immune Medicine, Dr. Kiran C. Patel College of Osteopathic Medicine, Nova Southeastern University, Ft. Lauderdale, FL, USA
- Miami Veterans Affairs Healthcare System, Miami, FL, USA
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3
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Li H, Wan L, Liu M, Ma E, Huang L, Yang Y, Li Q, Fang Y, Li J, Han B, Zhang C, Sun L, Hou X, Li H, Sun M, Qian S, Duan X, Zhao R, Yang X, Chen Y, Wu S, Zhang X, Zhang Y, Cheng G, Chen G, Gao Q, Xu J, Hou L, Wei C, Zhong H. SARS-CoV-2 spike-induced syncytia are senescent and contribute to exacerbated heart failure. PLoS Pathog 2024; 20:e1012291. [PMID: 39102426 PMCID: PMC11326701 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1012291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Revised: 08/15/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 08/07/2024] Open
Abstract
SARS-CoV-2 spike protein (SARS-2-S) induced cell-cell fusion in uninfected cells may occur in long COVID-19 syndrome, as circulating SARS-2-S or extracellular vesicles containing SARS-2-S (S-EVs) were found to be prevalent in post-acute sequelae of COVID-19 (PASC) for up to 12 months after diagnosis. Although isolated recombinant SARS-2-S protein has been shown to increase the SASP in senescent ACE2-expressing cells, the direct linkage of SARS-2-S syncytia with senescence in the absence of virus infection and the degree to which SARS-2-S syncytia affect pathology in the setting of cardiac dysfunction are unknown. Here, we found that the senescent outcome of SARS-2-S induced syncytia exacerbated heart failure progression. We first demonstrated that syncytium formation in cells expressing SARS-2-S delivered by DNA plasmid or LNP-mRNA exhibits a senescence-like phenotype. Extracellular vesicles containing SARS-2-S (S-EVs) also confer a potent ability to form senescent syncytia without de novo synthesis of SARS-2-S. However, it is important to note that currently approved COVID-19 mRNA vaccines do not induce syncytium formation or cellular senescence. Mechanistically, SARS-2-S syncytia provoke the formation of functional MAVS aggregates, which regulate the senescence fate of SARS-2-S syncytia by TNFα. We further demonstrate that senescent SARS-2-S syncytia exhibit shrinked morphology, leading to the activation of WNK1 and impaired cardiac metabolism. In pre-existing heart failure mice, the WNK1 inhibitor WNK463, anti-syncytial drug niclosamide, and senolytic dasatinib protect the heart from exacerbated heart failure triggered by SARS-2-S. Our findings thus suggest a potential mechanism for COVID-19-mediated cardiac pathology and recommend the application of WNK1 inhibitor for therapy especially in individuals with post-acute sequelae of COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huilong Li
- Beijing Institute of Biotechnology, Beijing, China
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Luming Wan
- Beijing Institute of Biotechnology, Beijing, China
| | - Muyi Liu
- Beijing Institute of Biotechnology, Beijing, China
| | - Enhao Ma
- Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Linfei Huang
- Beijing Institute of Biotechnology, Beijing, China
| | - Yilong Yang
- Beijing Institute of Biotechnology, Beijing, China
| | - Qihong Li
- The Fifth Medical Centre, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yi Fang
- The Fifth Medical Centre, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jingfei Li
- Beijing Institute of Biotechnology, Beijing, China
| | - Bingqing Han
- Beijing Institute of Biotechnology, Beijing, China
| | - Chang Zhang
- Beijing Institute of Biotechnology, Beijing, China
| | - Lijuan Sun
- Beijing Yaogen Biotechnology Co.Ltd, Beijing, China
| | - Xufeng Hou
- Beijing Yaogen Biotechnology Co.Ltd, Beijing, China
| | - Haiyang Li
- Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Mingyu Sun
- Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Sichong Qian
- Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xuejing Duan
- Department of Pathology, Fuwai Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Beijing, China
| | - Ruzhou Zhao
- Beijing Institute of Biotechnology, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaopan Yang
- Beijing Institute of Biotechnology, Beijing, China
| | - Yi Chen
- Beijing Institute of Biotechnology, Beijing, China
| | - Shipo Wu
- Beijing Institute of Biotechnology, Beijing, China
| | - Xuhui Zhang
- Beijing Yaogen Biotechnology Co.Ltd, Beijing, China
| | | | - Gong Cheng
- Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Gengye Chen
- People's Hospital of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Yinchuan, China
| | - Qi Gao
- Beijing Yaogen Biotechnology Co.Ltd, Beijing, China
| | - Junjie Xu
- Beijing Institute of Biotechnology, Beijing, China
| | - Lihua Hou
- Beijing Institute of Biotechnology, Beijing, China
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Congwen Wei
- Beijing Institute of Biotechnology, Beijing, China
| | - Hui Zhong
- Beijing Institute of Biotechnology, Beijing, China
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4
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Triana-Martinez F, Pierantoni A, Graca D, Bergo V, Emelyanov A, Grigorash BB, Tsuji S, Nakano S, Grosse L, Brglez V, Marty P, Dellamonica J, Fornace AJ, Trompouki E, Hara E, Seitz-Polski B, Bulavin DV. p16 High immune cell - controlled disease tolerance as a broad defense and healthspan extending strategy. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.07.15.603540. [PMID: 39026790 PMCID: PMC11257523 DOI: 10.1101/2024.07.15.603540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/20/2024]
Abstract
The ability of an organism to overcome infectious diseases has traditionally been linked to killing invading pathogens. Accumulating evidence, however, indicates that, apart from restricting pathogen loads, organismal survival is coupled to an additional yet poorly understood mechanism called disease tolerance. Here we report that p16High immune cells play a key role in establishing disease tolerance. We found that the FDA-approved BNT162b2 mRNA COVID-19 vaccine is a potent and rapid inducer of p16High immune subsets both in mice and humans. In turn, p16High immune cells were indispensable for counteracting different lethal conditions, including LPS-induced sepsis, acute SARS-CoV-2 infection and ionizing irradiation. Mechanistically, we propose that activation of TLR7 or a low physiological activity of STING is sufficient to induce p16High immune subset that, in turn, establishes a low adenosine environment and disease tolerance. Furthermore, containing these signals within a beneficial range by deleting MDA5 that appeared sufficient to maintain a low activity of STING, induces p16High immune cells and delays organ deterioration upon aging with improved healthspan. Our data highlight the beneficial role of p16High immune subsets in establishing a low adenosine environment and disease tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco Triana-Martinez
- Institute for Research on Cancer and Aging of Nice (IRCAN); Université Côte d'Azur, INSERM; CNRS, Nice, France
| | - Alessandra Pierantoni
- Institute for Research on Cancer and Aging of Nice (IRCAN); Université Côte d'Azur, INSERM; CNRS, Nice, France
| | - Daisy Graca
- Laboratoire d'Immunologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nice, Nice, France
- UR2CA - Unité de Recherche Clinique Côte d'Azur, Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), Nice, France
| | - Veronica Bergo
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, Freiburg, Germany
- Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- International Max Planck Research School for Molecular and Cellular Biology (IMPRS-MCB), Freiburg, Germany
| | - Alexander Emelyanov
- Institute for Research on Cancer and Aging of Nice (IRCAN); Université Côte d'Azur, INSERM; CNRS, Nice, France
| | - Bogdan B Grigorash
- Institute for Research on Cancer and Aging of Nice (IRCAN); Université Côte d'Azur, INSERM; CNRS, Nice, France
| | - Shunya Tsuji
- Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Sosuke Nakano
- Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Laurent Grosse
- Institute for Research on Cancer and Aging of Nice (IRCAN); Université Côte d'Azur, INSERM; CNRS, Nice, France
| | - Vesna Brglez
- Laboratoire d'Immunologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nice, Nice, France
- UR2CA - Unité de Recherche Clinique Côte d'Azur, Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), Nice, France
| | | | - Jean Dellamonica
- UR2CA - Unité de Recherche Clinique Côte d'Azur, Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), Nice, France
- Service de Médecine Intensive Réanimation, CHU, Nice, France
| | - Albert J Fornace
- Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Washington, DC
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular & Cellular Biology, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC
| | - Eirini Trompouki
- Institute for Research on Cancer and Aging of Nice (IRCAN); Université Côte d'Azur, INSERM; CNRS, Nice, France
| | - Eiji Hara
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Barbara Seitz-Polski
- Laboratoire d'Immunologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nice, Nice, France
- UR2CA - Unité de Recherche Clinique Côte d'Azur, Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), Nice, France
| | - Dmitry V Bulavin
- Institute for Research on Cancer and Aging of Nice (IRCAN); Université Côte d'Azur, INSERM; CNRS, Nice, France
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5
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Russell SJ, Parker K, Lehoczki A, Lieberman D, Partha IS, Scott SJ, Phillips LR, Fain MJ, Nikolich JŽ. Post-acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection (Long COVID) in older adults. GeroScience 2024:10.1007/s11357-024-01227-8. [PMID: 38874693 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-024-01227-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2024] [Accepted: 05/26/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Long COVID, also known as PASC (post-acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2), is a complex infection-associated chronic condition affecting tens of millions of people worldwide. Many aspects of this condition are incompletely understood. Among them is how this condition may manifest itself in older adults and how it might impact the older population. Here, we briefly review the current understanding of PASC in the adult population and examine what is known on its features with aging. Finally, we outline the major gaps and areas for research most germane to older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha J Russell
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Geriatrics, and Palliative Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Arizona College of Medicine-Tucson, Tucson, AZ, USA
- Arizona Center of Aging, University of Arizona College of Medicine-Tucson, Tucson, AZ, USA
- Banner University Medicine-Tucson, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Karen Parker
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Geriatrics, and Palliative Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Arizona College of Medicine-Tucson, Tucson, AZ, USA
- Arizona Center of Aging, University of Arizona College of Medicine-Tucson, Tucson, AZ, USA
- Banner University Medicine-Tucson, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Andrea Lehoczki
- Doctoral College, Health Sciences Program, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
- Department of Haematology and Stem Cell Transplantation, National Institute for Haematology and Infectious Diseases, South Pest Central Hospital, 1097, Budapest, Hungary
- Department of Public Health, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - David Lieberman
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Geriatrics, and Palliative Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Arizona College of Medicine-Tucson, Tucson, AZ, USA
- Arizona Center of Aging, University of Arizona College of Medicine-Tucson, Tucson, AZ, USA
- Banner University Medicine-Tucson, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Indu S Partha
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Geriatrics, and Palliative Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Arizona College of Medicine-Tucson, Tucson, AZ, USA
- Banner University Medicine-Tucson, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Serena J Scott
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Geriatrics, and Palliative Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Arizona College of Medicine-Tucson, Tucson, AZ, USA
- Arizona Center of Aging, University of Arizona College of Medicine-Tucson, Tucson, AZ, USA
- Banner University Medicine-Tucson, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Linda R Phillips
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Geriatrics, and Palliative Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Arizona College of Medicine-Tucson, Tucson, AZ, USA
- Arizona Center of Aging, University of Arizona College of Medicine-Tucson, Tucson, AZ, USA
- College of Nursing, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Mindy J Fain
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Geriatrics, and Palliative Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Arizona College of Medicine-Tucson, Tucson, AZ, USA.
- Arizona Center of Aging, University of Arizona College of Medicine-Tucson, Tucson, AZ, USA.
- Banner University Medicine-Tucson, Tucson, AZ, USA.
- College of Nursing, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA.
| | - Janko Ž Nikolich
- Arizona Center of Aging, University of Arizona College of Medicine-Tucson, Tucson, AZ, USA.
- Department of Immunobiology, University of Arizona College of Medicine-Tucson, Tucson, AZ, USA.
- The Aegis Consortium for Pandemic-Free Future, University of Arizona Health Sciences, Tucson, AZ, USA.
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Salgado CL, Corea AFM, Covre LP, Fonseca-Martins AMD, Falqueto A, Guedes HLDM, Rossi-Bergmann B, Gomes DCO. Intranasal delivery of LaAg vaccine improves immunity of aged mice against visceral Leishmaniasis. Acta Trop 2024; 252:107125. [PMID: 38280636 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2024.107125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 01/29/2024]
Abstract
There are no approved vaccines yet for human visceral leishmaniasis (VL), the most severe form of the leishmaniasis clinical manifestations that is fatal in over 95 % of untreated cases. It is well-accepted that immunological changes during aging have deleterious impact on the efficacy of vaccines and response to infections. In this work, we compared the response of young and aged mice to intranasal vaccination with killed Leishmania amazonensis promastigote antigens (LaAg) that were then challenged with L. infantum infection, a species that causes visceral leishmaniasis. Intranasal vaccination with LaAg induced a similar reduction in parasitism and hepatosplenomegaly in both young and aged mice compared to their unvaccinated counterparts. Following infection, there was also a less prominent inflammatory profile particularly in the vaccinated aged group, with lower production of TNF-α and nitrite compared to the respective unvaccinated group. Interestingly, the LaAg intranasal vaccination promoted increased production of IFN-γ that was observed in both young- and aged vaccinated groups. Additionally, CD4+ and CD8+T cells from both vaccinated groups presented decreased expression of the inhibitory receptors PD-1 and KLRG1 compared to their unvaccinated controls. Interestingly, a strong positive correlation was observed between the expression of both inhibitory receptors PD-1 and KLRG1 and parasitism, which was more conspicuous in the unvaccinated-aged mice than in the others. Overall, this study helps define new strategies to improve vaccine effectiveness and provides a perspective for prophylactic alternatives against leishmaniasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caio Loureiro Salgado
- Núcleo de Doenças Infecciosas, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Vitoria, Brazil
| | | | - Luciana Polaco Covre
- Núcleo de Doenças Infecciosas, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Vitoria, Brazil; Division of Medicine, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | | | - Aloisio Falqueto
- Departamento de Medicina Social, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Vitoria, Brazil
| | - Herbert Leonel de Matos Guedes
- Instituto de Microbiologia Professor Paulo de Goes, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Bartira Rossi-Bergmann
- Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Daniel Cláudio Oliviera Gomes
- Núcleo de Doenças Infecciosas, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Vitoria, Brazil; Núcleo de Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Vitoria, Brazil.
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7
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Reimann M, Lee S, Schmitt CA. Cellular senescence: Neither irreversible nor reversible. J Exp Med 2024; 221:e20232136. [PMID: 38385946 PMCID: PMC10883852 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20232136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2023] [Revised: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Cellular senescence is a critical stress response program implicated in embryonic development, wound healing, aging, and immunity, and it backs up apoptosis as an ultimate cell-cycle exit mechanism. In analogy to replicative exhaustion of telomere-eroded cells, premature types of senescence-referring to oncogene-, therapy-, or virus-induced senescence-are widely considered irreversible growth arrest states as well. We discuss here that entry into full-featured senescence is not necessarily a permanent endpoint, but dependent on essential maintenance components, potentially transient. Unlike a binary state switch, we view senescence with its extensive epigenomic reorganization, profound cytomorphological remodeling, and distinctive metabolic rewiring rather as a journey toward a full-featured arrest condition of variable strength and depth. Senescence-underlying maintenance-essential molecular mechanisms may allow cell-cycle reentry if not continuously provided. Importantly, senescent cells that resumed proliferation fundamentally differ from those that never entered senescence, and hence would not reflect a reversion but a dynamic progression to a post-senescent state that comes with distinct functional and clinically relevant ramifications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maurice Reimann
- Medical Department of Hematology, Oncology and Tumor Immunology, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, and Molekulares Krebsforschungszentrum-MKFZ, Campus Virchow Klinikum, Charité-Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Soyoung Lee
- Medical Department of Hematology, Oncology and Tumor Immunology, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, and Molekulares Krebsforschungszentrum-MKFZ, Campus Virchow Klinikum, Charité-Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany
- Johannes Kepler University , Linz, Austria
| | - Clemens A Schmitt
- Medical Department of Hematology, Oncology and Tumor Immunology, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, and Molekulares Krebsforschungszentrum-MKFZ, Campus Virchow Klinikum, Charité-Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany
- Johannes Kepler University , Linz, Austria
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Kepler University Hospital, Linz, Austria
- Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association , Berlin, Germany
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8
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Chen P, Wang Y, Zhou B. Insights into targeting cellular senescence with senolytic therapy: The journey from preclinical trials to clinical practice. Mech Ageing Dev 2024; 218:111918. [PMID: 38401690 DOI: 10.1016/j.mad.2024.111918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2023] [Revised: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 02/26/2024]
Abstract
Interconnected, fundamental aging processes are central to many illnesses and diseases. Cellular senescence is a mechanism that halts the cell cycle in response to harmful stimuli. Senescent cells (SnCs) can emerge at any point in life, and their persistence, along with the numerous proteins they secrete, can negatively affect tissue function. Interventions aimed at combating persistent SnCs, which can destroy tissues, have been used in preclinical models to delay, halt, or even reverse various diseases. Consequently, the development of small-molecule senolytic medicines designed to specifically eliminate SnCs has opened potential avenues for the prevention or treatment of multiple diseases and age-related issues in humans. In this review, we explore the most promising approaches for translating small-molecule senolytics and other interventions targeting senescence in clinical practice. This discussion highlights the rationale for considering SnCs as therapeutic targets for diseases affecting individuals of all ages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, PR China.
| | - Yulai Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Huangshi Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei Polytechnic University, Huangshi, Hubei, P.R. China
| | - Benhong Zhou
- Department of Pharmacy, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, PR China
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9
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Raviola S, Griffante G, Iannucci A, Chandel S, Lo Cigno I, Lacarbonara D, Caneparo V, Pasquero S, Favero F, Corà D, Trisolini E, Boldorini R, Cantaluppi V, Landolfo S, Gariglio M, De Andrea M. Human cytomegalovirus infection triggers a paracrine senescence loop in renal epithelial cells. Commun Biol 2024; 7:292. [PMID: 38459109 PMCID: PMC10924099 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-024-05957-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) is an opportunistic pathogen causing severe diseases in immunosuppressed individuals. To replicate its double-stranded DNA genome, HCMV induces profound changes in cellular homeostasis that may resemble senescence. However, it remains to be determined whether HCMV-induced senescence contributes to organ-specific pathogenesis. Here, we show a direct cytopathic effect of HCMV on primary renal proximal tubular epithelial cells (RPTECs), a natural setting of HCMV disease. We find that RPTECs are fully permissive for HCMV replication, which endows them with an inflammatory gene signature resembling the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP), as confirmed by the presence of the recently established SenMayo gene set, which is not observed in retina-derived epithelial (ARPE-19) cells. Although HCMV-induced senescence is not cell-type specific, as it can be observed in both RPTECs and human fibroblasts (HFFs), only infected RPTECs show downregulation of LAMINB1 and KI67 mRNAs, and enhanced secretion of IL-6 and IL-8, which are well-established hallmarks of senescence. Finally, HCMV-infected RPTECs have the ability to trigger a senescence/inflammatory loop in an IL-6-dependent manner, leading to the development of a similar senescence/inflammatory phenotype in neighboring uninfected cells. Overall, our findings raise the intriguing possibility that this unique inflammatory loop contributes to HCMV-related pathogenesis in the kidney.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Raviola
- Intrinsic Immunity Unit, CAAD - Center for Translational Research on Autoimmune and Allergic Disease, University of Eastern Piedmont, Novara, Italy
- Molecular Virology Unit, Department of Translational Medicine, University of Eastern Piedmont, Novara, Italy
| | - Gloria Griffante
- Molecular Virology Unit, Department of Translational Medicine, University of Eastern Piedmont, Novara, Italy
| | - Andrea Iannucci
- Intrinsic Immunity Unit, CAAD - Center for Translational Research on Autoimmune and Allergic Disease, University of Eastern Piedmont, Novara, Italy
- Molecular Virology Unit, Department of Translational Medicine, University of Eastern Piedmont, Novara, Italy
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy
| | - Shikha Chandel
- Molecular Virology Unit, Department of Translational Medicine, University of Eastern Piedmont, Novara, Italy
| | - Irene Lo Cigno
- Molecular Virology Unit, Department of Translational Medicine, University of Eastern Piedmont, Novara, Italy
| | - Davide Lacarbonara
- Intrinsic Immunity Unit, CAAD - Center for Translational Research on Autoimmune and Allergic Disease, University of Eastern Piedmont, Novara, Italy
- Molecular Virology Unit, Department of Translational Medicine, University of Eastern Piedmont, Novara, Italy
| | - Valeria Caneparo
- Intrinsic Immunity Unit, CAAD - Center for Translational Research on Autoimmune and Allergic Disease, University of Eastern Piedmont, Novara, Italy
| | - Selina Pasquero
- Viral Pathogenesis Unit, Department of Public Health and Pediatric Sciences, University of Turin, Medical School, Turin, Italy
| | - Francesco Favero
- Bioinformatics Unit, CAAD - Center for Translational Research on Autoimmune and Allergic Disease, University of Eastern Piedmont, Novara, Italy
- Bioinformatics Unit, Department of Translational Medicine, University of Eastern Piedmont, Novara, Italy
| | - Davide Corà
- Bioinformatics Unit, CAAD - Center for Translational Research on Autoimmune and Allergic Disease, University of Eastern Piedmont, Novara, Italy
- Bioinformatics Unit, Department of Translational Medicine, University of Eastern Piedmont, Novara, Italy
| | - Elena Trisolini
- Pathology Unit, Department of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Piedmont, Novara, Italy
| | - Renzo Boldorini
- Pathology Unit, Department of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Piedmont, Novara, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Cantaluppi
- Nephrology and Kidney Transplantation Unit, Department of Translational Medicine, University of Eastern Piedmont, Novara, Italy
| | - Santo Landolfo
- Viral Pathogenesis Unit, Department of Public Health and Pediatric Sciences, University of Turin, Medical School, Turin, Italy
| | - Marisa Gariglio
- Intrinsic Immunity Unit, CAAD - Center for Translational Research on Autoimmune and Allergic Disease, University of Eastern Piedmont, Novara, Italy
- Molecular Virology Unit, Department of Translational Medicine, University of Eastern Piedmont, Novara, Italy
| | - Marco De Andrea
- Intrinsic Immunity Unit, CAAD - Center for Translational Research on Autoimmune and Allergic Disease, University of Eastern Piedmont, Novara, Italy.
- Viral Pathogenesis Unit, Department of Public Health and Pediatric Sciences, University of Turin, Medical School, Turin, Italy.
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10
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Madruga MP, Grun LK, Santos LSMD, Friedrich FO, Antunes DB, Rocha MEF, Silva PL, Dorneles GP, Teixeira PC, Oliveira TF, Romão PRT, Santos L, Moreira JCF, Michaelsen VS, Cypel M, Antunes MOB, Jones MH, Barbé-Tuana FM, Bauer ME. Excess of body weight is associated with accelerated T-cell senescence in hospitalized COVID-19 patients. Immun Ageing 2024; 21:17. [PMID: 38454515 PMCID: PMC10921685 DOI: 10.1186/s12979-024-00423-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Several risk factors have been involved in the poor clinical progression of coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19), including ageing, and obesity. SARS-CoV-2 may compromise lung function through cell damage and paracrine inflammation; and obesity has been associated with premature immunosenescence, microbial translocation, and dysfunctional innate immune responses leading to poor immune response against a range of viruses and bacterial infections. Here, we have comprehensively characterized the immunosenescence, microbial translocation, and immune dysregulation established in hospitalized COVID-19 patients with different degrees of body weight. RESULTS Hospitalised COVID-19 patients with overweight and obesity had similarly higher plasma LPS and sCD14 levels than controls (all p < 0.01). Patients with obesity had higher leptin levels than controls. Obesity and overweight patients had similarly higher expansions of classical monocytes and immature natural killer (NK) cells (CD56+CD16-) than controls. In contrast, reduced proportions of intermediate monocytes, mature NK cells (CD56+CD16+), and NKT were found in both groups of patients than controls. As expected, COVID-19 patients had a robust expansion of plasmablasts, contrasting to lower proportions of major T-cell subsets (CD4 + and CD8+) than controls. Concerning T-cell activation, overweight and obese patients had lower proportions of CD4+CD38+ cells than controls. Contrasting changes were reported in CD25+CD127low/neg regulatory T cells, with increased and decreased proportions found in CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, respectively. There were similar proportions of T cells expressing checkpoint inhibitors across all groups. We also investigated distinct stages of T-cell differentiation (early, intermediate, and late-differentiated - TEMRA). The intermediate-differentiated CD4 + T cells and TEMRA cells (CD4+ and CD8+) were expanded in patients compared to controls. Senescent T cells can also express NK receptors (NKG2A/D), and patients had a robust expansion of CD8+CD57+NKG2A+ cells than controls. Unbiased immune profiling further confirmed the expansions of senescent T cells in COVID-19. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that dysregulated immune cells, microbial translocation, and T-cell senescence may partially explain the increased vulnerability to COVID-19 in subjects with excess of body weight.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mailton Prestes Madruga
- Laboratory of Immunobiology, School of Health and Life Sciences, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Av. Ipiranga, 6681, building 12 (4th floor), Porto Alegre, 90619-900, RS, Brazil
| | - Lucas Kich Grun
- Laboratory of Immunobiology, School of Health and Life Sciences, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Av. Ipiranga, 6681, building 12 (4th floor), Porto Alegre, 90619-900, RS, Brazil
| | - Letícya Simone Melo Dos Santos
- Laboratory of Immunobiology, School of Health and Life Sciences, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Av. Ipiranga, 6681, building 12 (4th floor), Porto Alegre, 90619-900, RS, Brazil
| | | | - Douglas Bitencourt Antunes
- Laboratory of Immunobiology, School of Health and Life Sciences, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Av. Ipiranga, 6681, building 12 (4th floor), Porto Alegre, 90619-900, RS, Brazil
| | - Marcella Elesbão Fogaça Rocha
- Laboratory of Immunobiology, School of Health and Life Sciences, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Av. Ipiranga, 6681, building 12 (4th floor), Porto Alegre, 90619-900, RS, Brazil
| | - Pedro Luis Silva
- Laboratory of Immunobiology, School of Health and Life Sciences, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Av. Ipiranga, 6681, building 12 (4th floor), Porto Alegre, 90619-900, RS, Brazil
| | - Gilson P Dorneles
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Federal University of Health Sciences of Porto Alegre (UFCSPA), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Paula Coelho Teixeira
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Federal University of Health Sciences of Porto Alegre (UFCSPA), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Tiago Franco Oliveira
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Federal University of Health Sciences of Porto Alegre (UFCSPA), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Pedro R T Romão
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Federal University of Health Sciences of Porto Alegre (UFCSPA), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Lucas Santos
- Centro de Estudos em Estresse Oxidativo - Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Celular e Molecular, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (IB-UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - José Claudio Fonseca Moreira
- Centro de Estudos em Estresse Oxidativo - Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Celular e Molecular, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (IB-UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Vinicius Schenk Michaelsen
- Latner Thoracic Research Laboratories, Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada
| | - Marcelo Cypel
- Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, Department of Surgery, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Marcos Otávio Brum Antunes
- School of Medicine, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Marcus Herbert Jones
- School of Medicine, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Florencia María Barbé-Tuana
- Laboratory of Immunobiology, School of Health and Life Sciences, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Av. Ipiranga, 6681, building 12 (4th floor), Porto Alegre, 90619-900, RS, Brazil
| | - Moisés Evandro Bauer
- Laboratory of Immunobiology, School of Health and Life Sciences, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Av. Ipiranga, 6681, building 12 (4th floor), Porto Alegre, 90619-900, RS, Brazil.
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11
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Sugimoto M. Targeting cellular senescence: A promising approach in respiratory diseases. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2024; 24 Suppl 1:60-66. [PMID: 37604771 DOI: 10.1111/ggi.14653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Revised: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 08/23/2023]
Abstract
Cellular senescence serves as a significant tumor suppression mechanism in mammals. Cellular senescence is induced in response to various stressors and acts as a safeguard against the uncontrolled proliferation of damaged cells that could lead to malignant transformation. Senescent cells also exhibit a distinctive feature known as the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP), wherein they secrete a range of bioactive molecules, including pro-inflammatory cytokines, growth factors, and proteases. These SASP components have both local and systemic effects, influencing the surrounding microenvironment and distant tissues, and have been implicated in the processes of tissue aging and the development of chronic diseases. Recent studies utilizing senolysis models have shed light on the potential therapeutic implications of targeting senescent cells. The targeting of senescent cell may alleviate the detrimental effects associated with cellular senescence and its SASP components. Senolytics have shown promise in preclinical studies for treating age-related pathologies and chronic diseases, including cancer, cardiovascular disorders, and neurodegenerative conditions. Respiratory diseases have emerged as a significant global health concern, responsible for a considerable number of deaths worldwide. Extensive research conducted in both human subjects and animal models has demonstrated the involvement of cellular senescence in the pathogenesis of respiratory diseases. Chronic pulmonary conditions such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis have been linked to the accumulation of senescent cells. This review aims to present the findings from research on respiratory diseases that have utilized systems targeting senescent cells and to identify potential therapeutic strategies for the clinical management of these conditions. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2024; 24: 60-66.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masataka Sugimoto
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Aging, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
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12
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Hu C, Yang S, Zhang T, Ge Y, Chen Z, Zhang J, Pu Y, Liang G. Organoids and organoids-on-a-chip as the new testing strategies for environmental toxicology-applications & advantages. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2024; 184:108415. [PMID: 38309193 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2024.108415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Revised: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/05/2024]
Abstract
An increasing number of harmful environmental factors are causing serious impacts on human health, and there is an urgent need to accurately identify the toxic effects and mechanisms of these harmful environmental factors. However, traditional toxicity test methods (e.g., animal models and cell lines) often fail to provide accurate results. Fortunately, organoids differentiated from stem cells can more accurately, sensitively and specifically reflect the effects of harmful environmental factors on the human body. They are also suitable for specific studies and are frequently used in environmental toxicology nowadays. As a combination of organoids and organ-on-a-chip technology, organoids-on-a-chip has great potential in environmental toxicology. It is more controllable to the physicochemical microenvironment and is not easy to be contaminated. It has higher homogeneity in the size and shape of organoids. In addition, it can achieve vascularization and exchange the nutrients and metabolic wastes in time. Multi-organoids-chip can also simulate the interactions of different organs. These advantages can facilitate better function and maturity of organoids, which can also make up for the shortcomings of common organoids to a certain extent. This review firstly discussed the limitations of traditional toxicology testing platforms, leading to the introduction of new platforms: organoids and organoids-on-a-chip. Next, the applications of different organoids and organoids-on-a-chip in environmental toxicology were summarized and prospected. Since the advantages of the new platforms have not been sufficiently considered in previous literature, we particularly emphasized them. Finally, this review also summarized the opportunities and challenges faced by organoids and organoids-on-a-chip, with the expectation that readers will gain a deeper understanding of their value in the field of environmental toxicology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengyu Hu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, China; Institute of Biomaterials and Medical Devices, Southeast University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215163, China
| | - Sheng Yang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, China; Institute of Biomaterials and Medical Devices, Southeast University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215163, China
| | - Tianyi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, China; Institute of Biomaterials and Medical Devices, Southeast University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215163, China
| | - Yiling Ge
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, China; Institute of Biomaterials and Medical Devices, Southeast University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215163, China
| | - Zaozao Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210096, China; Institute of Biomaterials and Medical Devices, Southeast University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215163, China
| | - Juan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, China
| | - Yuepu Pu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, China
| | - Geyu Liang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, China.
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13
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Lee JD, Menasche BL, Mavrikaki M, Uyemura MM, Hong SM, Kozlova N, Wei J, Alfajaro MM, Filler RB, Müller A, Saxena T, Posey RR, Cheung P, Muranen T, Heng YJ, Paulo JA, Wilen CB, Slack FJ. Differences in syncytia formation by SARS-CoV-2 variants modify host chromatin accessibility and cellular senescence via TP53. Cell Rep 2023; 42:113478. [PMID: 37991919 PMCID: PMC10785701 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.113478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Revised: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) remains a significant public health threat due to the ability of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) variants to evade the immune system and cause breakthrough infections. Although pathogenic coronaviruses such as SARS-CoV-2 and Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS)-CoV lead to severe respiratory infections, how these viruses affect the chromatin proteomic composition upon infection remains largely uncharacterized. Here, we use our recently developed integrative DNA And Protein Tagging methodology to identify changes in host chromatin accessibility states and chromatin proteomic composition upon infection with pathogenic coronaviruses. SARS-CoV-2 infection induces TP53 stabilization on chromatin, which contributes to its host cytopathic effect. We mapped this TP53 stabilization to the SARS-CoV-2 spike and its propensity to form syncytia, a consequence of cell-cell fusion. Differences in SARS-CoV-2 spike variant-induced syncytia formation modify chromatin accessibility, cellular senescence, and inflammatory cytokine release via TP53. Our findings suggest that differences in syncytia formation alter senescence-associated inflammation, which varies among SARS-CoV-2 variants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan D Lee
- Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
| | - Bridget L Menasche
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Department of Immunobiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Maria Mavrikaki
- Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Madison M Uyemura
- Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Su Min Hong
- Department of Genetics, Cancer Research Institute, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Nina Kozlova
- Department of Genetics, Cancer Research Institute, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Jin Wei
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Department of Immunobiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Mia M Alfajaro
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Department of Immunobiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Renata B Filler
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Department of Immunobiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Arne Müller
- Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Tanvi Saxena
- Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Ryan R Posey
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Priscilla Cheung
- Stem Cell Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - Taru Muranen
- Department of Genetics, Cancer Research Institute, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Yujing J Heng
- Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Joao A Paulo
- Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Craig B Wilen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Department of Immunobiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Frank J Slack
- Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Genetics, Cancer Research Institute, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Harvard Medical School Initiative for RNA Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
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14
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Rex N, Melk A, Schmitt R. Cellular senescence and kidney aging. Clin Sci (Lond) 2023; 137:1805-1821. [PMID: 38126209 PMCID: PMC10739085 DOI: 10.1042/cs20230140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2023] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Life expectancy is increasing worldwide, and by 2050 the proportion of the world's population over 65 years of age is estimated to surpass 1.5 billion. Kidney aging is associated with molecular and physiological changes that cause a loss of renal function and of regenerative potential. As the aging population grows, it is crucial to understand the mechanisms underlying these changes, as they increase the susceptibility to developing acute kidney injury (AKI) and chronic kidney disease (CKD). Various cellular processes and molecular pathways take part in the complex process of kidney aging. In this review, we will focus on the phenomenon of cellular senescence as one of the involved mechanisms at the crossroad of kidney aging, age-related disease, and CKD. We will highlight experimental and clinical findings about the role of cellular senescence in kidney aging and CKD. In addition, we will review challenges in senescence research and emerging therapeutic aspects. We will highlight the great potential of senolytic strategies for the elimination of harmful senescent cells to promote healthy kidney aging and to avoid age-related disease and CKD. This review aims to give insight into recent discoveries and future developments, providing a comprehensive overview of current knowledge on cellular senescence and anti-senescent therapies in the kidney field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikolai Rex
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, Medical School Hannover, Germany
| | - Anette Melk
- Department of Pediatric Kidney, Liver and Metabolic Diseases, Medical School Hannover, Germany
| | - Roland Schmitt
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, Medical School Hannover, Germany
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
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15
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Gazzillo A, Volponi C, Soldani C, Polidoro MA, Franceschini B, Lleo A, Bonavita E, Donadon M. Cellular Senescence in Liver Cancer: How Dying Cells Become "Zombie" Enemies. Biomedicines 2023; 12:26. [PMID: 38275386 PMCID: PMC10813254 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12010026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Revised: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Liver cancer represents the fourth leading cause of cancer-associated death worldwide. The heterogeneity of its tumor microenvironment (TME) is a major contributing factor of metastasis, relapse, and drug resistance. Regrettably, late diagnosis makes most liver cancer patients ineligible for surgery, and the frequent failure of non-surgical therapeutic options orientates clinical research to the investigation of new drugs. In this context, cellular senescence has been recently shown to play a pivotal role in the progression of chronic inflammatory liver diseases, ultimately leading to cancer. Moreover, the stem-like state triggered by senescence has been associated with the emergence of drug-resistant, aggressive tumor clones. In recent years, an increasing number of studies have emerged to investigate senescence-associated hepatocarcinogenesis and its derived therapies, leading to promising results. In this review, we intend to provide an overview of the recent evidence that unveils the role of cellular senescence in the most frequent forms of primary and metastatic liver cancer, focusing on the involvement of this mechanism in therapy resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aurora Gazzillo
- Cellular and Molecular Oncoimmunology Laboratory, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, 20089 Rozzano, Italy; (A.G.); (C.V.); (E.B.)
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, 20072 Pieve Emanuele, Italy;
| | - Camilla Volponi
- Cellular and Molecular Oncoimmunology Laboratory, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, 20089 Rozzano, Italy; (A.G.); (C.V.); (E.B.)
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, 20072 Pieve Emanuele, Italy;
| | - Cristiana Soldani
- Hepatobiliary Immunopathology Laboratory, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, 20089 Rozzano, Italy; (C.S.); (M.A.P.); (B.F.)
| | - Michela Anna Polidoro
- Hepatobiliary Immunopathology Laboratory, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, 20089 Rozzano, Italy; (C.S.); (M.A.P.); (B.F.)
| | - Barbara Franceschini
- Hepatobiliary Immunopathology Laboratory, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, 20089 Rozzano, Italy; (C.S.); (M.A.P.); (B.F.)
| | - Ana Lleo
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, 20072 Pieve Emanuele, Italy;
- Hepatobiliary Immunopathology Laboratory, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, 20089 Rozzano, Italy; (C.S.); (M.A.P.); (B.F.)
- Division of Internal Medicine and Hepatology, Department of Gastroenterology, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, 20089 Rozzano, Italy
| | - Eduardo Bonavita
- Cellular and Molecular Oncoimmunology Laboratory, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, 20089 Rozzano, Italy; (A.G.); (C.V.); (E.B.)
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, 20072 Pieve Emanuele, Italy;
| | - Matteo Donadon
- Hepatobiliary Immunopathology Laboratory, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, 20089 Rozzano, Italy; (C.S.); (M.A.P.); (B.F.)
- Department of Health Sciences, Università del Piemonte Orientale, 28100 Novara, Italy
- Department of General Surgery, University Maggiore Hospital della Carità, 28100 Novara, Italy
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16
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Hornung F, Köse-Vogel N, Le Saux CJ, Häder A, Herrmann L, Schulz L, Radosa L, Lauf T, Sandhaus T, Samson P, Doenst T, Wittschieber D, Mall G, Löffler B, Deinhardt-Emmer S. Uncovering a unique pathogenic mechanism of SARS-CoV-2 omicron variant: selective induction of cellular senescence. Aging (Albany NY) 2023; 15:13593-13607. [PMID: 38095608 PMCID: PMC10756098 DOI: 10.18632/aging.205297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND SARS-CoV-2 variants are constantly emerging with a variety of changes in the conformation of the spike protein, resulting in alterations of virus entry mechanisms. Solely omicron variants use the endosomal clathrin-mediated entry. Here, we investigate the influence of defined altered spike formations to study their impact on premature cellular senescence. METHODS In our study, in vitro infections of SARS-CoV-2 variants delta (B.1.617.2) and omicron (B.1.1.529) were analyzed by using human primary small alveolar epithelial cells and human ex vivo lung slices. We confirmed cellular senescence in human lungs of COVID-19 patients. Hence, global gene expression patterns of infected human primary alveolar epithelial cells were identified via mRNA sequencing. RESULTS Solely omicron variants of SARS-CoV-2 influenced the expression of cell cycle genes, highlighted by an increased p21 expression in human primary lung cells and human ex vivo lungs. Additionally, an upregulated senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) was detected. Transcriptomic data indicate an increased gene expression of p16, and p38 in omicron-infected lung cells. CONCLUSIONS Significant changes due to different SARS-CoV-2 infections in human primary alveolar epithelial cells with an overall impact on premature aging could be identified. A substantially different cellular response with an upregulation of cell cycle, inflammation- and integrin-associated pathways in omicron infected cells indicates premature cellular senescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franziska Hornung
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, Jena University Hospital, Jena 07747, Germany
- Member of the Leibniz Centre for Photonics in Infection Research (LPI), Jena 07747, Germany
| | - Nilay Köse-Vogel
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, Jena University Hospital, Jena 07747, Germany
- Member of the Leibniz Centre for Photonics in Infection Research (LPI), Jena 07747, Germany
| | - Claude Jourdan Le Saux
- Medicine/Pulmonary and Critical Care Division, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94110, USA
| | - Antje Häder
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, Jena University Hospital, Jena 07747, Germany
- Member of the Leibniz Centre for Photonics in Infection Research (LPI), Jena 07747, Germany
| | - Lea Herrmann
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, Jena University Hospital, Jena 07747, Germany
- Member of the Leibniz Centre for Photonics in Infection Research (LPI), Jena 07747, Germany
| | - Luise Schulz
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, Jena University Hospital, Jena 07747, Germany
- Member of the Leibniz Centre for Photonics in Infection Research (LPI), Jena 07747, Germany
- Else Kröner Graduate School for Medical Students “JSAM” Jena University Hospital, Jena 07747, Germany
| | - Lukáš Radosa
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, Jena University Hospital, Jena 07747, Germany
- Member of the Leibniz Centre for Photonics in Infection Research (LPI), Jena 07747, Germany
| | - Thurid Lauf
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, Jena University Hospital, Jena 07747, Germany
- Member of the Leibniz Centre for Photonics in Infection Research (LPI), Jena 07747, Germany
- Else Kröner Graduate School for Medical Students “JSAM” Jena University Hospital, Jena 07747, Germany
| | - Tim Sandhaus
- Klinik für Herz- und Thoraxchirurgie, Jena 07747, Germany
| | - Patrick Samson
- Klinik für Herz- und Thoraxchirurgie, Jena 07747, Germany
| | - Torsten Doenst
- Klinik für Herz- und Thoraxchirurgie, Jena 07747, Germany
| | - Daniel Wittschieber
- Institute of Forensic Medicine, Jena University Hospital, Jena 07747, Germany
- Institute of Forensic Medicine, University Hospital Bonn, University of Bonn, Bonn 53111, Germany
| | - Gita Mall
- Institute of Forensic Medicine, Jena University Hospital, Jena 07747, Germany
| | - Bettina Löffler
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, Jena University Hospital, Jena 07747, Germany
- Member of the Leibniz Centre for Photonics in Infection Research (LPI), Jena 07747, Germany
| | - Stefanie Deinhardt-Emmer
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, Jena University Hospital, Jena 07747, Germany
- Member of the Leibniz Centre for Photonics in Infection Research (LPI), Jena 07747, Germany
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17
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O'Reilly S. Pulmonary fibrosis in COVID-19: mechanisms, consequences and targets. QJM 2023; 116:750-754. [PMID: 37191984 DOI: 10.1093/qjmed/hcad092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary fibrosis is characterized by extracellular deposition in the lung primarily collagen but also other ECM molecules. The primary cell type responsible for this is the myofibroblast, and this can be induced by various stressors and signals. Infections be they bacterial or viral can cause pulmonary fibrosis (PF). In 2019, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SAR-CoV-2) originated in Wuhan, China, has led to a worldwide pandemic and can lead to acute respiratory distress and lung fibrosis. The virus itself can be cleared, but patients may develop long-term PF, which can be debilitating and life-limiting. There is a significantly perturbed immune response that shapes the fibrotic response leading to fibrosis. Given the importance of PF irrespective of cause, understanding the similarities and differences in pathogenesis caused by SARS-CoV-2-induced PF may yield new therapeutic targets. This review examines the pathology associated with the disease and discusses possible targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- S O'Reilly
- Department of Biosciences, Durham University, South Road, Durham DH1 3LE, UK
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18
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Hasan A, Rahim R, Nakayama EE, Uno K, Hasan N, Rahman M, Shioda T. Enhancement of IL-6 Production Induced by SARS-CoV-2 Nucleocapsid Protein and Bangladeshi COVID-19 Patients' Sera. Viruses 2023; 15:2018. [PMID: 37896795 PMCID: PMC10611338 DOI: 10.3390/v15102018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Revised: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a respiratory tract infection caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 that can have detrimental effects on multiple organs and accelerate patient mortality. This study, which encompassed 130 confirmed COVID-19 patients who were assessed at three different time points (i.e., 3, 7, and 12 days) after the onset of symptoms, investigated interleukin-6 (IL-6) enhancement induced by a viral nucleocapsid (N) protein from a myeloid cell line. Disease severity was categorized as mild, moderate, or severe. The severe cases were characterized as having significant elevations in serum IL-6, C-reactive protein, D-dimer, ferritin, creatinine, leukocytes, and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio and decreased hemoglobin, hematocrit, and albumin levels compared with mild and moderate cases. To evaluate IL-6-inducing activity, heat-inactivated sera from these patients were incubated with and without the N protein. The findings showed a progressive increase in IL-6 production in severe cases upon N protein stimulation. There was a strong correlation between anti-N antibodies and levels of IL-6 secreted by myeloid cells in the presence of N protein and sera, indicating the crucial role that the anti-N antibody plays in inducing IL-6 production. Uncontrolled IL-6 production played a pivotal role in disease pathogenesis, exacerbating both disease severity and mortality. Efficiently targeting the N protein could potentially be employed as a therapeutic strategy for regulating the immune response and alleviating inflammation in severe cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abu Hasan
- Evercare Hospital Dhaka, Plot-81, Block-E, Bashundhara R/A, Dhaka 1229, Bangladesh; (A.H.); (R.R.); (N.H.)
| | - Rummana Rahim
- Evercare Hospital Dhaka, Plot-81, Block-E, Bashundhara R/A, Dhaka 1229, Bangladesh; (A.H.); (R.R.); (N.H.)
| | - Emi E. Nakayama
- Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Suita 565-0781, Japan;
| | - Kazuko Uno
- IFN & Host-Defense Research Laboratory, Louis Pasteur Center for Medical Research, Kyoto 606-8225, Japan;
| | - Nazmul Hasan
- Evercare Hospital Dhaka, Plot-81, Block-E, Bashundhara R/A, Dhaka 1229, Bangladesh; (A.H.); (R.R.); (N.H.)
| | - Mizanur Rahman
- Evercare Hospital Dhaka, Plot-81, Block-E, Bashundhara R/A, Dhaka 1229, Bangladesh; (A.H.); (R.R.); (N.H.)
| | - Tatsuo Shioda
- Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Suita 565-0781, Japan;
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19
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Shafqat A, Omer MH, Albalkhi I, Alabdul Razzak G, Abdulkader H, Abdul Rab S, Sabbah BN, Alkattan K, Yaqinuddin A. Neutrophil extracellular traps and long COVID. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1254310. [PMID: 37828990 PMCID: PMC10565006 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1254310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Post-acute COVID-19 sequelae, commonly known as long COVID, encompasses a range of systemic symptoms experienced by a significant number of COVID-19 survivors. The underlying pathophysiology of long COVID has become a topic of intense research discussion. While chronic inflammation in long COVID has received considerable attention, the role of neutrophils, which are the most abundant of all immune cells and primary responders to inflammation, has been unfortunately overlooked, perhaps due to their short lifespan. In this review, we discuss the emerging role of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) in the persistent inflammatory response observed in long COVID patients. We present early evidence linking the persistence of NETs to pulmonary fibrosis, cardiovascular abnormalities, and neurological dysfunction in long COVID. Several uncertainties require investigation in future studies. These include the mechanisms by which SARS-CoV-2 brings about sustained neutrophil activation phenotypes after infection resolution; whether the heterogeneity of neutrophils seen in acute SARS-CoV-2 infection persists into the chronic phase; whether the presence of autoantibodies in long COVID can induce NETs and protect them from degradation; whether NETs exert differential, organ-specific effects; specifically which NET components contribute to organ-specific pathologies, such as pulmonary fibrosis; and whether senescent cells can drive NET formation through their pro-inflammatory secretome in long COVID. Answering these questions may pave the way for the development of clinically applicable strategies targeting NETs, providing relief for this emerging health crisis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Areez Shafqat
- College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed H. Omer
- School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Khaled Alkattan
- College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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20
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Lee JD, Menasche BL, Mavrikaki M, Uyemura MM, Hong SM, Kozlova N, Wei J, Alfajaro MM, Filler RB, Müller A, Saxena T, Posey RR, Cheung P, Muranen T, Heng YJ, Paulo JA, Wilen CB, Slack FJ. Differences in syncytia formation by SARS-CoV-2 variants modify host chromatin accessibility and cellular senescence via TP53. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.08.31.555625. [PMID: 37693555 PMCID: PMC10491142 DOI: 10.1101/2023.08.31.555625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
Abstract
COVID-19 remains a significant public health threat due to the ability of SARS-CoV-2 variants to evade the immune system and cause breakthrough infections. Although pathogenic coronaviruses such as SARS-CoV-2 and MERS-CoV lead to severe respiratory infections, how these viruses affect the chromatin proteomic composition upon infection remains largely uncharacterized. Here we used our recently developed integrative DNA And Protein Tagging (iDAPT) methodology to identify changes in host chromatin accessibility states and chromatin proteomic composition upon infection with pathogenic coronaviruses. SARS-CoV-2 infection induces TP53 stabilization on chromatin, which contributes to its host cytopathic effect. We mapped this TP53 stabilization to the SARS-CoV-2 spike and its propensity to form syncytia, a consequence of cell-cell fusion. Differences in SARS-CoV-2 spike variant-induced syncytia formation modify chromatin accessibility, cellular senescence, and inflammatory cytokine release via TP53. Our findings suggest that differences in syncytia formation alter senescence-associated inflammation, which varies among SARS-CoV-2 variants.
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21
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Wang Y, Yang C, Wang Z, Wang Y, Yan Q, Feng Y, Liu Y, Huang J, Zhou J. Epithelial Galectin-3 Induced the Mitochondrial Complex Inhibition and Cell Cycle Arrest of CD8 + T Cells in Severe/Critical COVID-19. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:12780. [PMID: 37628961 PMCID: PMC10454470 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241612780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Previous research suggested that the dramatical decrease in CD8+ T cells is a contributing factor in the poor prognosis and disease progression of COVID-19 patients. However, the underlying mechanisms are not fully understood. In this study, we conducted Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) and single-cell T cell receptor sequencing (scTCR-seq) analysis, which revealed a proliferative-exhausted MCM+FASLGlow CD8+ T cell phenotype in severe/critical COVID-19 patients. These CD8+ T cells were characterized by G2/M cell cycle arrest, downregulation of respiratory chain complex genes, and inhibition of mitochondrial biogenesis. CellChat analysis of infected lung epithelial cells and CD8+ T cells found that the galectin signaling pathway played a crucial role in CD8+ T cell reduction and dysfunction. To further elucidate the mechanisms, we established SARS-CoV-2 ORF3a-transfected A549 cells, and co-cultured them with CD8+ T cells for ex vivo experiments. Our results showed that epithelial galectin-3 inhibited the transcription of the mitochondrial respiratory chain complex III/IV genes of CD8+ T cells by suppressing the nuclear translocation of nuclear respiratory factor 1 (NRF1). Further findings showed that the suppression of NRF1 translocation was associated with ERK-related and Akt-related signaling pathways. Importantly, the galectin-3 inhibitor, TD-139, promoted nuclear translocation of NRF1, thus enhancing the expression of the mitochondrial respiratory chain complex III/IV genes and the mitochondrial biogenesis of CD8+ T cells. Our study provided new insights into the immunopathogenesis of COVID-19 and identified potential therapeutic targets for the prevention and treatment of severe/critical COVID-19 patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yudie Wang
- Department of Biology and Genetics, College of Life Sciences and Health, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430065, China
| | - Cheng Yang
- Department of Biology and Genetics, College of Life Sciences and Health, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430065, China
| | - Zhongyi Wang
- Department of Biology and Genetics, College of Life Sciences and Health, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430065, China
| | - Yi Wang
- Department of Biology and Genetics, College of Life Sciences and Health, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430065, China
| | - Qing Yan
- Department of Biology and Genetics, College of Life Sciences and Health, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430065, China
| | - Ying Feng
- Department of Biology and Genetics, College of Life Sciences and Health, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430065, China
| | - Yanping Liu
- Department of Biology and Genetics, College of Life Sciences and Health, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430065, China
| | - Juan Huang
- Department of Hematology, Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Hubei Province, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Jingjiao Zhou
- Department of Biology and Genetics, College of Life Sciences and Health, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430065, China
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22
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Parimon T, Espindola M, Marchevsky A, Rampolla R, Chen P, Hogaboam CM. Potential mechanisms for lung fibrosis associated with COVID-19 infection. QJM 2023; 116:487-492. [PMID: 36018274 PMCID: PMC10382189 DOI: 10.1093/qjmed/hcac206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary fibrosis is a sequelae of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection that currently lacks effective preventative or therapeutic measures. Post-viral lung fibrosis due to SARS-CoV-2 has been shown to be progressive on selected patients using imaging studies. Persistent infiltration of macrophages and monocytes, a main feature of SARS-CoV-2 pulmonary fibrosis, and long-lived circulating inflammatory monocytes might be driving factors promoting the profibrotic milieu in the lung. The upstream signal(s) that regulates the presence of these immune cells (despite complete viral clearance) remains to be explored. Current data indicate that much of the stimulating signals are localized in the lungs. However, an ongoing low-grade systemic inflammation in long Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) symptoms suggests that certain non-pulmonary regulators such as epigenetic changes in hematopoietic stem cells might be critical to the chronic inflammatory response. Since nearly one-third of the world population have been infected, a timely understanding of the underlying pathogenesis leading to tissue remodeling is required. Herein, we review the potential pathogenic mechanisms driving lung fibrosis following SARS-CoV-2 infection based upon available studies and our preliminary findings (Graphical abstract).
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Affiliation(s)
- T Parimon
- From the Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Women’s Guild Lung Institute, 127 San Vicente Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical, Center, 8700 Beverly Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - M Espindola
- From the Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Women’s Guild Lung Institute, 127 San Vicente Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical, Center, 8700 Beverly Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - A Marchevsky
- Pathology Department, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, 8700 Beverly Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - R Rampolla
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical, Center, 8700 Beverly Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - P Chen
- From the Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Women’s Guild Lung Institute, 127 San Vicente Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical, Center, 8700 Beverly Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - C M Hogaboam
- From the Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Women’s Guild Lung Institute, 127 San Vicente Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical, Center, 8700 Beverly Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
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23
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Zhang X, Suda M, Zhu Y. Senolytics combat COVID-19 in aging. NATURE AGING 2023; 3:762-763. [PMID: 37414986 PMCID: PMC10565907 DOI: 10.1038/s43587-023-00450-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/08/2023]
Abstract
Aging increases vulnerability to respiratory viral-infections, including SARS-CoV-2. Delval et al. established a causal role for age-related pre-existing senescent cells, in the severity of COVID-19 symptoms in an ageing hamster model. Selective depletion of senescent cells, using senolytics, was shown to mitigate the risk of severe COVID-19 symptoms linked to aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Zhang
- Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Masayoshi Suda
- Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Yi Zhu
- Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
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24
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Delval L, Hantute-Ghesquier A, Sencio V, Flaman JM, Robil C, Angulo FS, Lipskaia L, Çobanoğlu O, Lacoste AS, Machelart A, Danneels A, Corbin M, Deruyter L, Heumel S, Idziorek T, Séron K, Sauve F, Bongiovanni A, Prévot V, Wolowczuk I, Belouzard S, Saliou JM, Gosset P, Bernard D, Rouillé Y, Adnot S, Duterque-Coquillaud M, Trottein F. Removal of senescent cells reduces the viral load and attenuates pulmonary and systemic inflammation in SARS-CoV-2-infected, aged hamsters. NATURE AGING 2023; 3:829-845. [PMID: 37414987 PMCID: PMC10353934 DOI: 10.1038/s43587-023-00442-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023]
Abstract
Older age is one of the strongest risk factors for severe COVID-19. In this study, we determined whether age-associated cellular senescence contributes to the severity of experimental COVID-19. Aged golden hamsters accumulate senescent cells in the lungs, and the senolytic drug ABT-263, a BCL-2 inhibitor, depletes these cells at baseline and during SARS-CoV-2 infection. Relative to young hamsters, aged hamsters had a greater viral load during the acute phase of infection and displayed higher levels of sequelae during the post-acute phase. Early treatment with ABT-263 lowered pulmonary viral load in aged (but not young) animals, an effect associated with lower expression of ACE2, the receptor for SARS-CoV-2. ABT-263 treatment also led to lower pulmonary and systemic levels of senescence-associated secretory phenotype factors and to amelioration of early and late lung disease. These data demonstrate the causative role of age-associated pre-existing senescent cells on COVID-19 severity and have clear clinical relevance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lou Delval
- Université de Lille, CNRS, INSERM, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1019-UMR 9017, Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille, Lille, France
| | - Aline Hantute-Ghesquier
- Université de Lille, CNRS, INSERM, CHU Lille, UMR9020-U1277, Institut Pasteur de Lille-CANTHER, Lille, France
| | - Valentin Sencio
- Université de Lille, CNRS, INSERM, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1019-UMR 9017, Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille, Lille, France
| | - Jean Michel Flaman
- Université de Lyon, CNRS, INSERM, U1052-UMR 5286, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France
| | - Cyril Robil
- Université de Lille, CNRS, INSERM, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1019-UMR 9017, Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille, Lille, France
| | - Fabiola Silva Angulo
- Université de Lille, CNRS, INSERM, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1019-UMR 9017, Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille, Lille, France
| | - Larissa Lipskaia
- Université de Paris-Est Créteil, INSERM U955, Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomédicale, Créteil, France
| | - Ozmen Çobanoğlu
- Université de Lille, CNRS, INSERM, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1019-UMR 9017, Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille, Lille, France
| | - Anne-Sophie Lacoste
- Université de Lille, CNRS, INSERM, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, US 41-UAR 2014, Platforms Lille in Biology & Health, Lille, France
| | - Arnaud Machelart
- Université de Lille, CNRS, INSERM, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1019-UMR 9017, Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille, Lille, France
| | - Adeline Danneels
- Université de Lille, CNRS, INSERM, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1019-UMR 9017, Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille, Lille, France
| | - Mathieu Corbin
- Université de Lille, CNRS, INSERM, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1019-UMR 9017, Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille, Lille, France
| | - Lucie Deruyter
- Université de Lille, CNRS, INSERM, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1019-UMR 9017, Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille, Lille, France
| | - Séverine Heumel
- Université de Lille, CNRS, INSERM, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1019-UMR 9017, Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille, Lille, France
| | - Thierry Idziorek
- Université de Lille, CNRS, INSERM, CHU Lille, UMR9020-U1277, Institut Pasteur de Lille-CANTHER, Lille, France
| | - Karin Séron
- Université de Lille, CNRS, INSERM, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1019-UMR 9017, Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille, Lille, France
| | - Florent Sauve
- Université de Lille, INSERM, CHU Lille, U1172-UMR 9017, Lille Neuroscience & Cognition Research Center, Lille, France
| | - Antonino Bongiovanni
- Université de Lille, CNRS, INSERM, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, US 41-UAR 2014, Platforms Lille in Biology & Health, Lille, France
| | - Vincent Prévot
- Université de Lille, INSERM, CHU Lille, U1172-UMR 9017, Lille Neuroscience & Cognition Research Center, Lille, France
| | - Isabelle Wolowczuk
- Université de Lille, CNRS, INSERM, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1019-UMR 9017, Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille, Lille, France
| | - Sandrine Belouzard
- Université de Lille, CNRS, INSERM, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1019-UMR 9017, Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille, Lille, France
| | - Jean-Michel Saliou
- Université de Lille, CNRS, INSERM, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, US 41-UAR 2014, Platforms Lille in Biology & Health, Lille, France
| | - Philippe Gosset
- Université de Lille, CNRS, INSERM, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1019-UMR 9017, Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille, Lille, France
| | - David Bernard
- Université de Lyon, CNRS, INSERM, U1052-UMR 5286, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France
| | - Yves Rouillé
- Université de Lille, CNRS, INSERM, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1019-UMR 9017, Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille, Lille, France
| | - Serge Adnot
- Université de Paris-Est Créteil, INSERM U955, Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomédicale, Créteil, France
| | - Martine Duterque-Coquillaud
- Université de Lille, CNRS, INSERM, CHU Lille, UMR9020-U1277, Institut Pasteur de Lille-CANTHER, Lille, France
| | - François Trottein
- Université de Lille, CNRS, INSERM, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1019-UMR 9017, Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille, Lille, France.
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25
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Matsudaira T, Nakano S, Konishi Y, Kawamoto S, Uemura K, Kondo T, Sakurai K, Ozawa T, Hikida T, Komine O, Yamanaka K, Fujita Y, Yamashita T, Matsumoto T, Hara E. Cellular senescence in white matter microglia is induced during ageing in mice and exacerbates the neuroinflammatory phenotype. Commun Biol 2023; 6:665. [PMID: 37353538 PMCID: PMC10290132 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-023-05027-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Cellular senescence, a state of irreversible cell-cycle arrest caused by a variety of cellular stresses, is critically involved in age-related tissue dysfunction in various organs. However, the features of cells in the central nervous system that undergo senescence and their role in neural impairment are not well understood as yet. Here, through comprehensive investigations utilising single-cell transcriptome analysis and various mouse models, we show that microglia, particularly in the white matter, undergo cellular senescence in the brain and spinal cord during ageing and in disease models involving demyelination. Microglial senescence is predominantly detected in disease-associated microglia, which appear in ageing and neurodegenerative diseases. We also find that commensal bacteria promote the accumulation of senescent microglia and disease-associated microglia during ageing. Furthermore, knockout of p16INK4a, a key senescence inducer, ameliorates the neuroinflammatory phenotype in damaged spinal cords in mice. These results advance our understanding of the role of cellular senescence in the central nervous system and open up possibilities for the treatment of age-related neural disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatsuyuki Matsudaira
- Research Institute for Microbial Diseases (RIMD), Osaka University, 3-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan.
| | - Sosuke Nakano
- Research Institute for Microbial Diseases (RIMD), Osaka University, 3-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Yusuke Konishi
- Research Institute for Microbial Diseases (RIMD), Osaka University, 3-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Shimpei Kawamoto
- Research Institute for Microbial Diseases (RIMD), Osaka University, 3-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Ken Uemura
- Research Institute for Microbial Diseases (RIMD), Osaka University, 3-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Tamae Kondo
- Research Institute for Microbial Diseases (RIMD), Osaka University, 3-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Koki Sakurai
- Laboratory for Advanced Brain Functions, Institute for Protein Research, Osaka University, 3-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Takaaki Ozawa
- Laboratory for Advanced Brain Functions, Institute for Protein Research, Osaka University, 3-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Takatoshi Hikida
- Laboratory for Advanced Brain Functions, Institute for Protein Research, Osaka University, 3-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Okiru Komine
- Department of Neuroscience and Pathobiology, Research Institute of Environmental Medicine, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, 464-8601, Japan
| | - Koji Yamanaka
- Department of Neuroscience and Pathobiology, Research Institute of Environmental Medicine, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, 464-8601, Japan
| | - Yuki Fujita
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Toshihide Yamashita
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Tomonori Matsumoto
- Research Institute for Microbial Diseases (RIMD), Osaka University, 3-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Eiji Hara
- Research Institute for Microbial Diseases (RIMD), Osaka University, 3-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan.
- Immunology Frontier Research Center (IFReC), Osaka University, 3-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan.
- Center for Infectious Diseases Education and Research (CiDER), Osaka University, 2-8 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan.
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26
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Afewerki S, Stocco TD, Rosa da Silva AD, Aguiar Furtado AS, Fernandes de Sousa G, Ruiz-Esparza GU, Webster TJ, Marciano FR, Strømme M, Zhang YS, Lobo AO. In vitro high-content tissue models to address precision medicine challenges. Mol Aspects Med 2023; 91:101108. [PMID: 35987701 PMCID: PMC9384546 DOI: 10.1016/j.mam.2022.101108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Revised: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
The field of precision medicine allows for tailor-made treatments specific to a patient and thereby improve the efficiency and accuracy of disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment and at the same time would reduce the cost, redundant treatment, and side effects of current treatments. Here, the combination of organ-on-a-chip and bioprinting into engineering high-content in vitro tissue models is envisioned to address some precision medicine challenges. This strategy could be employed to tackle the current coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), which has made a significant impact and paradigm shift in our society. Nevertheless, despite that vaccines against COVID-19 have been successfully developed and vaccination programs are already being deployed worldwide, it will likely require some time before it is available to everyone. Furthermore, there are still some uncertainties and lack of a full understanding of the virus as demonstrated in the high number new mutations arising worldwide and reinfections of already vaccinated individuals. To this end, efficient diagnostic tools and treatments are still urgently needed. In this context, the convergence of bioprinting and organ-on-a-chip technologies, either used alone or in combination, could possibly function as a prominent tool in addressing the current pandemic. This could enable facile advances of important tools, diagnostics, and better physiologically representative in vitro models specific to individuals allowing for faster and more accurate screening of therapeutics evaluating their efficacy and toxicity. This review will cover such technological advances and highlight what is needed for the field to mature for tackling the various needs for current and future pandemics as well as their relevancy towards precision medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samson Afewerki
- Division of Nanotechnology and Functional Materials, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Ångström Laboratory, Uppsala University, BOX 35, 751 03, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Thiago Domingues Stocco
- Bioengineering Program, Technological and Scientific Institute, Brazil University, 08230-030, São Paulo, SP, Brazil; Faculty of Medical Sciences, Unicamp - State University of Campinas, 13083-877, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | | | - André Sales Aguiar Furtado
- Interdisciplinary Laboratory for Advanced Materials, BioMatLab, Department of Materials Engineering, Federal University of Piauí (UFPI), Teresina, PI, Brazil
| | - Gustavo Fernandes de Sousa
- Interdisciplinary Laboratory for Advanced Materials, BioMatLab, Department of Materials Engineering, Federal University of Piauí (UFPI), Teresina, PI, Brazil
| | - Guillermo U Ruiz-Esparza
- Division of Engineering in Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, MA, USA; Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Harvard University ‑ Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Thomas J Webster
- Interdisciplinary Laboratory for Advanced Materials, BioMatLab, Department of Materials Engineering, Federal University of Piauí (UFPI), Teresina, PI, Brazil; Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, China
| | - Fernanda R Marciano
- Department of Physics, Federal University of Piauí (UFPI), Teresina, PI, Brazil
| | - Maria Strømme
- Division of Nanotechnology and Functional Materials, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Ångström Laboratory, Uppsala University, BOX 35, 751 03, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Yu Shrike Zhang
- Division of Engineering in Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, MA, USA; Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Harvard University ‑ Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
| | - Anderson Oliveira Lobo
- Interdisciplinary Laboratory for Advanced Materials, BioMatLab, Department of Materials Engineering, Federal University of Piauí (UFPI), Teresina, PI, Brazil.
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27
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Otani K, Fukushima H, Matsuishi K. COVID-19 delirium and encephalopathy: Pathophysiology assumed in the first 3 years of the ongoing pandemic. BRAIN DISORDERS 2023; 10:100074. [PMID: 37056914 PMCID: PMC10076074 DOI: 10.1016/j.dscb.2023.100074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Revised: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 04/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) continues to spread worldwide. It has a high rate of delirium, even in young patients without comorbidities. Infected patients required isolation because of the high infectivity and virulence of COVID-19. The high prevalence of delirium in COVID-19 primarily results from encephalopathy and neuroinflammation caused by acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS)-associated cytokine storm. Acute respiratory distress syndrome has been linked to delirium and psychotic symptoms in the subacute phase (4 to 12 weeks), termed post-acute COVID-19 syndrome (PACS), and to brain fog, cognitive dysfunction, and fatigue, termed "long COVID," which persists beyond 12 weeks. However, no review article that mentions "COVID-19 delirium" have never been reported. Basic Procedures This narrative review summarizes data on delirium associated with acute severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection and related neurological symptoms of persistent post-infection illness (PACS or long COVID) after persistence of cognitive dysfunction. Thus, we describe the pathophysiological hypothesis of COVID-19 delirium and its continuation as long COVID. This review also describes the treatment of delirium complicated by COVID-19 pneumonia. Main Findings SARS-CoV-2 infection is associated with encephalopathy and delirium. An association between COVID-19 infection and Alzheimer's disease has been suggested, and studies are being conducted from multiple facets including genetics, cytology, and postmortem study. Principal Conclusions This review suggests that COVID-19 has important short and long-term neuropsychiatric effects. Several hypotheses have been proposed that highlight potential neurobiological mechanisms as causal factors, including neuronal-inflammatory pathways by cytokine storm and cellular senescence, and chronic inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyohei Otani
- Department of Psychiatry, Kobe City Medical Center General Hospital, 2-1-1, Minatojima Minamimachi, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Hyogo, 650-0047, Japan
- Department of Psychiatry, Kakogawa Central City Hospital, 439, Kakogawa-cho honmachi, Kakogawa City, Hyogo, 675-8611, Japan
| | - Haruko Fukushima
- Department of Psychiatry, Kobe City Medical Center General Hospital, 2-1-1, Minatojima Minamimachi, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Hyogo, 650-0047, Japan
| | - Kunitaka Matsuishi
- Department of Psychiatry, Kobe City Medical Center General Hospital, 2-1-1, Minatojima Minamimachi, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Hyogo, 650-0047, Japan
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28
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Knopp RC, Erickson MA, Rhea EM, Reed MJ, Banks WA. Cellular senescence and the blood-brain barrier: Implications for aging and age-related diseases. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2023; 248:399-411. [PMID: 37012666 PMCID: PMC10281623 DOI: 10.1177/15353702231157917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The blood-brain barrier (BBB) is a critical physiochemical interface that regulates communication between the brain and blood. It is comprised of brain endothelial cells which regulate the BBB's barrier and interface properties and is surrounded by supportive brain cell types including pericytes and astrocytes. Recent reports have suggested that the BBB undergoes dysfunction during normative aging and in disease. In this review, we consider the effect of cellular senescence, one of the nine hallmarks of aging, on the BBB. We first characterize known normative age-related changes at the BBB, and then evaluate changes in neurodegenerative diseases, with an emphasis on if/how cellular senescence is influencing these changes. We then discuss what insight has been gained from in vitro and in vivo studies of cellular senescence at the BBB. Finally, we evaluate mechanisms by which cellular senescence in peripheral pathologies can indirectly or directly affect BBB function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel C Knopp
- Veterans Affairs Puget Sound Health Care
System, Geriatrics Research Education and Clinical Center (GRECC), Seattle, WA 98108,
USA
- Department of Medicine, Division of
Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA
98195, USA
| | - Michelle A Erickson
- Veterans Affairs Puget Sound Health Care
System, Geriatrics Research Education and Clinical Center (GRECC), Seattle, WA 98108,
USA
- Department of Medicine, Division of
Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA
98195, USA
| | - Elizabeth M Rhea
- Veterans Affairs Puget Sound Health Care
System, Geriatrics Research Education and Clinical Center (GRECC), Seattle, WA 98108,
USA
- Department of Medicine, Division of
Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA
98195, USA
| | - May J Reed
- Veterans Affairs Puget Sound Health Care
System, Geriatrics Research Education and Clinical Center (GRECC), Seattle, WA 98108,
USA
- Department of Medicine, Division of
Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA
98195, USA
| | - William A Banks
- Veterans Affairs Puget Sound Health Care
System, Geriatrics Research Education and Clinical Center (GRECC), Seattle, WA 98108,
USA
- Department of Medicine, Division of
Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA
98195, USA
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29
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Gioia U, Tavella S, Martínez-Orellana P, Cicio G, Colliva A, Ceccon M, Cabrini M, Henriques AC, Fumagalli V, Paldino A, Presot E, Rajasekharan S, Iacomino N, Pisati F, Matti V, Sepe S, Conte MI, Barozzi S, Lavagnino Z, Carletti T, Volpe MC, Cavalcante P, Iannacone M, Rampazzo C, Bussani R, Tripodo C, Zacchigna S, Marcello A, d'Adda di Fagagna F. SARS-CoV-2 infection induces DNA damage, through CHK1 degradation and impaired 53BP1 recruitment, and cellular senescence. Nat Cell Biol 2023; 25:550-564. [PMID: 36894671 PMCID: PMC10104783 DOI: 10.1038/s41556-023-01096-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2023]
Abstract
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is the RNA virus responsible for the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Although SARS-CoV-2 was reported to alter several cellular pathways, its impact on DNA integrity and the mechanisms involved remain unknown. Here we show that SARS-CoV-2 causes DNA damage and elicits an altered DNA damage response. Mechanistically, SARS-CoV-2 proteins ORF6 and NSP13 cause degradation of the DNA damage response kinase CHK1 through proteasome and autophagy, respectively. CHK1 loss leads to deoxynucleoside triphosphate (dNTP) shortage, causing impaired S-phase progression, DNA damage, pro-inflammatory pathways activation and cellular senescence. Supplementation of deoxynucleosides reduces that. Furthermore, SARS-CoV-2 N-protein impairs 53BP1 focal recruitment by interfering with damage-induced long non-coding RNAs, thus reducing DNA repair. Key observations are recapitulated in SARS-CoV-2-infected mice and patients with COVID-19. We propose that SARS-CoV-2, by boosting ribonucleoside triphosphate levels to promote its replication at the expense of dNTPs and by hijacking damage-induced long non-coding RNAs' biology, threatens genome integrity and causes altered DNA damage response activation, induction of inflammation and cellular senescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ubaldo Gioia
- IFOM ETS - The AIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology, Milan, Italy
| | - Sara Tavella
- IFOM ETS - The AIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Giada Cicio
- IFOM ETS - The AIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology, Milan, Italy
- University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Andrea Colliva
- International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Trieste, Italy
| | - Marta Ceccon
- IFOM ETS - The AIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology, Milan, Italy
| | - Matteo Cabrini
- IFOM ETS - The AIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology, Milan, Italy
| | - Ana C Henriques
- IFOM ETS - The AIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Alessia Paldino
- International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Trieste, Italy
- University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | | | - Sreejith Rajasekharan
- International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Trieste, Italy
- Leibniz Institute for Experimental Virology (HPI), Hamburg, Germany
| | - Nicola Iacomino
- Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Valentina Matti
- IFOM ETS - The AIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology, Milan, Italy
| | - Sara Sepe
- IFOM ETS - The AIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology, Milan, Italy
| | - Matilde I Conte
- IFOM ETS - The AIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology, Milan, Italy
| | - Sara Barozzi
- IFOM ETS - The AIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology, Milan, Italy
| | - Zeno Lavagnino
- IFOM ETS - The AIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology, Milan, Italy
| | - Tea Carletti
- International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Trieste, Italy
| | | | | | - Matteo Iannacone
- IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute & University, Milan, Italy
| | | | | | - Claudio Tripodo
- IFOM ETS - The AIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology, Milan, Italy
- University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Serena Zacchigna
- International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Trieste, Italy
- University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Alessandro Marcello
- International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Trieste, Italy
| | - Fabrizio d'Adda di Fagagna
- IFOM ETS - The AIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology, Milan, Italy.
- Institute of Molecular Genetics (IGM), National Research Institute (CNR), Pavia, Italy.
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30
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Matsumoto C, Shibata S, Kishi T, Morimoto S, Mogi M, Yamamoto K, Kobayashi K, Tanaka M, Asayama K, Yamamoto E, Nakagami H, Hoshide S, Mukoyama M, Kario K, Node K, Rakugi H. Long COVID and hypertension-related disorders: a report from the Japanese Society of Hypertension Project Team on COVID-19. Hypertens Res 2023; 46:601-619. [PMID: 36575228 PMCID: PMC9793823 DOI: 10.1038/s41440-022-01145-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Revised: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) affects infected patients even after the acute phase and impairs their health and quality of life by causing a wide variety of symptoms, referred to as long COVID. Although the evidence is still insufficient, hypertension is suspected to be a potential risk factor for long COVID, and the occurrence of cardiovascular diseases seems to be a key facet of multiple conditions observed in long COVID. Nonetheless, there are few reports that comprehensively review the impacts of long COVID on hypertension and related disorders. As a sequel to our previous report in 2020 which reviewed the association of COVID-19 and hypertension, we summarize the possible influences of long COVID on hypertension-related organs, including the cardiovascular system, kidney, and endocrine system, as well as the pathophysiological mechanisms associated with the disorders in this review. Given that the clinical course of COVID-19 is highly affected by age and sex, we also review the impacts of these factors on long COVID. Lastly, we discuss areas of uncertainty and future directions, which may lead to better understanding and improved prognosis of clinical problems associated with COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chisa Matsumoto
- Department of Cardiology, Preventive medicine, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Shigeru Shibata
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Takuya Kishi
- Department of Graduate School of Medicine (Cardiology), International University of Health and Welfare, Okawa, Japan
| | - Satoshi Morimoto
- Department of Endocrinology and Hypertension, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masaki Mogi
- Department of Pharmacology, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Toon, Japan
| | - Koichi Yamamoto
- Department of Geriatric and General Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kazuo Kobayashi
- Department of Medical Science and Cardiorenal Medicine, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
- Kobayashi Internal Medicine Clinic, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Masami Tanaka
- Department of Internal Medicine, Adachi Medical Center, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kei Asayama
- Department of Hygiene and Public Health, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Eiichiro Yamamoto
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Kumamoto University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Hironori Nakagami
- Department of Health Development and Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
- Center for Infectious Disease Education and Research, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Satoshi Hoshide
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Jichi Medical University School of Medicine, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Masashi Mukoyama
- Department of Nephrology, Kumamoto University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Kazuomi Kario
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Jichi Medical University School of Medicine, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Koichi Node
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Saga University, Saga, Japan
| | - Hiromi Rakugi
- Department of Geriatric and General Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
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31
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Torii S, Kim KS, Koseki J, Suzuki R, Iwanami S, Fujita Y, Jeong YD, Ito J, Asakura H, Nagashima M, Sadamasu K, Yoshimura K, Sato K, Matsuura Y, Shimamura T, Iwami S, Fukuhara T. Increased flexibility of the SARS-CoV-2 RNA-binding site causes resistance to remdesivir. PLoS Pathog 2023; 19:e1011231. [PMID: 36972312 PMCID: PMC10089321 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1011231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2022] [Revised: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Mutations continue to accumulate within the SARS-CoV-2 genome, and the ongoing epidemic has shown no signs of ending. It is critical to predict problematic mutations that may arise in clinical environments and assess their properties in advance to quickly implement countermeasures against future variant infections. In this study, we identified mutations resistant to remdesivir, which is widely administered to SARS-CoV-2-infected patients, and discuss the cause of resistance. First, we simultaneously constructed eight recombinant viruses carrying the mutations detected in in vitro serial passages of SARS-CoV-2 in the presence of remdesivir. We confirmed that all the mutant viruses didn't gain the virus production efficiency without remdesivir treatment. Time course analyses of cellular virus infections showed significantly higher infectious titers and infection rates in mutant viruses than wild type virus under treatment with remdesivir. Next, we developed a mathematical model in consideration of the changing dynamic of cells infected with mutant viruses with distinct propagation properties and defined that mutations detected in in vitro passages canceled the antiviral activities of remdesivir without raising virus production capacity. Finally, molecular dynamics simulations of the NSP12 protein of SARS-CoV-2 revealed that the molecular vibration around the RNA-binding site was increased by the introduction of mutations on NSP12. Taken together, we identified multiple mutations that affected the flexibility of the RNA binding site and decreased the antiviral activity of remdesivir. Our new insights will contribute to developing further antiviral measures against SARS-CoV-2 infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiho Torii
- Laboratory of Virus Control, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
| | - Kwang Su Kim
- interdisciplinary Biology Laboratory (iBLab), Division of Biological Science, Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Jun Koseki
- Division of Systems Biology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Rigel Suzuki
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Shoya Iwanami
- interdisciplinary Biology Laboratory (iBLab), Division of Biological Science, Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yasuhisa Fujita
- interdisciplinary Biology Laboratory (iBLab), Division of Biological Science, Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yong Dam Jeong
- interdisciplinary Biology Laboratory (iBLab), Division of Biological Science, Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Jumpei Ito
- Division of Systems Virology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Mami Nagashima
- Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Public Health, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kenji Sadamasu
- Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Public Health, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | | | - Kei Sato
- Division of Systems Virology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- International Vaccine Design Center, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- International Research Center for Infectious Diseases, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Japan
- CREST, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Kawaguchi, Japan
| | - Yoshiharu Matsuura
- Laboratory of Virus Control, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
- Center for Infectious Disease Education and Research, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
| | - Teppei Shimamura
- Division of Systems Biology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Shingo Iwami
- interdisciplinary Biology Laboratory (iBLab), Division of Biological Science, Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
- Institute of Mathematics for Industry, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
- Institute for the Advanced Study of Human Biology (ASHBi), Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
- NEXT-Ganken Program, Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research (JFCR), Tokyo, Japan
- Interdisciplinary Theoretical and Mathematical Sciences Program (iTHEMS), RIKEN, Saitama, Japan
- Science Groove Inc., Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Takasuke Fukuhara
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
- AMED-CREST, Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development (AMED), Tokyo, Japan
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32
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Teulière J, Bernard C, Bonnefous H, Martens J, Lopez P, Bapteste E. Interactomics: Dozens of Viruses, Co-evolving With Humans, Including the Influenza A Virus, may Actively Distort Human Aging. Mol Biol Evol 2023; 40:msad012. [PMID: 36649176 PMCID: PMC9897028 DOI: 10.1093/molbev/msad012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Revised: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Some viruses (e.g., human immunodeficiency virus 1 and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2) have been experimentally proposed to accelerate features of human aging and of cellular senescence. These observations, along with evolutionary considerations on viral fitness, raised the more general puzzling hypothesis that, beyond documented sources in human genetics, aging in our species may also depend on virally encoded interactions distorting our aging to the benefits of diverse viruses. Accordingly, we designed systematic network-based analyses of the human and viral protein interactomes, which unraveled dozens of viruses encoding proteins experimentally demonstrated to interact with proteins from pathways associated with human aging, including cellular senescence. We further corroborated our predictions that specific viruses interfere with human aging using published experimental evidence and transcriptomic data; identifying influenza A virus (subtype H1N1) as a major candidate age distorter, notably through manipulation of cellular senescence. By providing original evidence that viruses may convergently contribute to the evolution of numerous age-associated pathways through co-evolution, our network-based and bipartite network-based methodologies support an ecosystemic study of aging, also searching for genetic causes of aging outside a focal aging species. Our findings, predicting age distorters and targets for anti-aging therapies among human viruses, could have fundamental and practical implications for evolutionary biology, aging study, virology, medicine, and demography.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jérôme Teulière
- Institut de Systématique, Evolution, Biodiversité (ISYEB), Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Museum National d’Histoire Naturelle, EPHE, Université des Antilles, Paris, France
| | - Charles Bernard
- Institut de Systématique, Evolution, Biodiversité (ISYEB), Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Museum National d’Histoire Naturelle, EPHE, Université des Antilles, Paris, France
| | - Hugo Bonnefous
- Institut de Systématique, Evolution, Biodiversité (ISYEB), Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Museum National d’Histoire Naturelle, EPHE, Université des Antilles, Paris, France
| | - Johannes Martens
- Sciences, Normes, Démocratie (SND), Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Paris, France
| | - Philippe Lopez
- Institut de Systématique, Evolution, Biodiversité (ISYEB), Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Museum National d’Histoire Naturelle, EPHE, Université des Antilles, Paris, France
| | - Eric Bapteste
- Institut de Systématique, Evolution, Biodiversité (ISYEB), Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Museum National d’Histoire Naturelle, EPHE, Université des Antilles, Paris, France
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Jiang L, An X, Duan Y, Lian F, Jin D, Zhang Y, Yang C, Zhang Y, Kang X, Sun Y. The pathological mechanism of the COVID-19 convalescence and its treatment with traditional Chinese medicine. Front Pharmacol 2023; 13:1054312. [PMID: 36703736 PMCID: PMC9872123 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.1054312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus - 2 (SARS - CoV - 2) was reported to cause the Wuhan outbreak of the corona virus disease 2019(COVID-19). To date, the COVID-19 has infected more than 600 million people gloabally. As a growing number of patients recover from acute infections and are discharged from hospitals, the proportion of patients in the recovery period is gradually increasing. Many of these individuals have been reported to experience multiple symptoms during the convalescence, such as fatigue, dyspnea and pain which are designated as "long-COVID", "post-COVID syndrome" or "recovery sequelae. We searched for recent articles published in PubMed on COVID-19 convalescence and found that the pathogenesis of COVID-19 convalescence is not yet well recognized. It may be associated with incomplete recovery of immune system, parenchymal organ damage (liver or lung), coagulation abnormalities, "second hit" caused by viral infection, and Phenomenon of Cell Senescence-Associated Secretory Phenotype (SASP). Some drugs and psychological factors of patients also play a non-negligible role in it. We also found that the effect of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) is effective in the treatment of the COVID-19 recovery phase, which can not only relieve the corresponding symptoms, but also improve the indicators and pulmonary fibrosis. Bufei Huoxue Capsule, as the only drug explicitly mentioned for COVID-19 recovery period, can exert strong rehabilitative effects on physiological activity in patients recovering from COVID-19. In addition, in previous studies, traditional Chinese medicine has been confirmed to have the ability to resist cytokine storms, as well as improve coagulation and myocardial damage, which makes it have potential therapeutic advantages in targeting the hyperimmune response, coagulation abnormalities and myocardial damage existing in the recovery period. In conclusion, the clinical symptoms of patients convalescing from COVID-19 are complex, and its pathogenesis has not been elucidated. traditional Chinese medicine, as a traditional treatment, its specific action and mechanism need to be confirmed by more studies, so that it can play a better role.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linlin Jiang
- Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Xuedong An
- Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yingying Duan
- Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Fengmei Lian
- Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - De Jin
- Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yuehong Zhang
- Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Cunqing Yang
- Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yuqing Zhang
- Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaomin Kang
- Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yuting Sun
- Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
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Rendeiro AF, Ravichandran H, Kim J, Borczuk AC, Elemento O, Schwartz RE. Persistent alveolar type 2 dysfunction and lung structural derangement in post-acute COVID-19. MEDRXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR HEALTH SCIENCES 2022:2022.11.28.22282811. [PMID: 36482970 PMCID: PMC9727772 DOI: 10.1101/2022.11.28.22282811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
SARS-CoV-2 infection can manifest as a wide range of respiratory and systemic symptoms well after the acute phase of infection in over 50% of patients. Key questions remain on the long-term effects of infection on tissue pathology in recovered COVID-19 patients. To address these questions we performed multiplexed imaging of post-mortem lung tissue from 12 individuals who died post-acute COVID-19 (PC) and compare them to lung tissue from patients who died during the acute phase of COVID-19, or patients who died with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), and otherwise healthy lung tissue. We find evidence of viral presence in the lung up to 359 days after the acute phase of disease, including in patients with negative nasopharyngeal swab tests. The lung of PC patients are characterized by the accumulation of senescent alveolar type 2 cells, fibrosis with hypervascularization of peribronchial areas and alveolar septa, as the most pronounced pathophysiological features. At the cellular level, lung disease of PC patients, while distinct, shares pathological features with the chronic pulmonary disease of IPF. which may help rationalize interventions for PC patients. Altogether, this study provides an important foundation for the understanding of the long-term effects of SARS-CoV-2 pulmonary infection at the microanatomical, cellular, and molecular level.
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Affiliation(s)
- André F Rendeiro
- Institute for Computational Biomedicine, Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Caryl and Israel Englander Institute for Precision Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Current address: CeMM Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Lazarettgasse 14 AKH BT 25.3, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Hiranmayi Ravichandran
- Caryl and Israel Englander Institute for Precision Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Junbum Kim
- Institute for Computational Biomedicine, Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Alain C Borczuk
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Current address: Northwell Health, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Greenvale, NY
| | - Olivier Elemento
- Institute for Computational Biomedicine, Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Caryl and Israel Englander Institute for Precision Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Robert E Schwartz
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
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Loureiro Salgado C, Mendéz Corea AF, Covre LP, De Matos Guedes HL, Falqueto A, Gomes DCO. Ageing impairs protective immunity and promotes susceptibility to murine visceral leishmaniasis. Parasitology 2022; 149:1249-1256. [PMID: 35670372 PMCID: PMC11010576 DOI: 10.1017/s0031182022000828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Revised: 04/14/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
It is well accepted that the impact of diseases is generally more detrimental in elderly individuals than in younger ones. Changes in the immune system due to ageing can directly affect the ability to respond effectively to infections and may contribute to the higher morbidities and mortalities in the elderly population. Leishmaniasis is a complex of clinically unique diseases caused by obligate intracellular protozoa belonging to genus Leishmania, wherein visceral leishmaniasis (VL) is the most severe form and is fatal if left untreated. In this study, aged mice (72 weeks old) presented increased susceptibility to L. infantum infection compared to younger mice (4–6-week-old), with notable parasitism in both the spleen and liver, as well as exhibiting hepatosplenomegaly. A pronounced inflammatory profile was observed in the aged-infected mice, with excessive production of TNF-α and nitrite, along with diminished IFN-γ production and reduced proliferative capacity of T cells (assessed by expression of the Ki67 marker). Additionally, both CD4+ and CD8+ T cells from the aged-infected mice presented increased expression of the inhibitory receptors PD-1 and KLRG1 that strongly correlated with the parasitism found in the liver and spleen of this group. Overall, the data reported in this study suggests for the first time that ageing may negatively impact the VL outcome and provides a perspective for new therapeutic strategies involving manipulation of immunosenescence features against Leishmania infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caio Loureiro Salgado
- Núcleo de Doenças Infecciosas, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Vitoria, Brazil
| | | | | | - Herbet Leonel De Matos Guedes
- Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Instituto de Microbiologia Professor Paulo de Goes, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Aloisio Falqueto
- Departamento de Medicina Social, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Vitoria, Brazil
| | - Daniel Cláudio Oliviera Gomes
- Núcleo de Doenças Infecciosas, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Vitoria, Brazil
- Núcleo de Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Vitoria, Brazil
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36
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Denholm M, Rintoul RC, Muñoz-Espín D. SARS-CoV-2-induced senescence as a potential therapeutic target. Eur Respir J 2022; 60:2201101. [PMID: 35777777 PMCID: PMC9248175 DOI: 10.1183/13993003.01101-2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 06/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
The global coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has caused major morbidity, mortality and socioeconomic disruption on an individual and collective level. Over 6 million COVID-19-related deaths have been reported, with total case numbers now well over 500 million worldwide [1]. Whilst the prompt and efficient design of effective vaccines has restored varying degrees of normal activity to some parts of world, the effects of the pandemic will be long in duration and far-reaching. Long implicated in the pathology of ageing, cancer and many other systemic diseases, cellular senescence is now emerging as a key factor in the pathogenesis of severe COVID-19, with implications for other viral illnesses. https://bit.ly/3bbmOuT
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary Denholm
- Early Cancer Institute, Dept of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK
| | - Robert C Rintoul
- Royal Papworth Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Centre Thoracic Cancer Programme, Cambridge, UK
| | - Daniel Muñoz-Espín
- Early Cancer Institute, Dept of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Centre Thoracic Cancer Programme, Cambridge, UK
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Chaib S, Tchkonia T, Kirkland JL. Cellular senescence and senolytics: the path to the clinic. Nat Med 2022; 28:1556-1568. [PMID: 35953721 PMCID: PMC9599677 DOI: 10.1038/s41591-022-01923-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 328] [Impact Index Per Article: 164.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Interlinked and fundamental aging processes appear to be a root-cause contributor to many disorders and diseases. One such process is cellular senescence, which entails a state of cell cycle arrest in response to damaging stimuli. Senescent cells can arise throughout the lifespan and, if persistent, can have deleterious effects on tissue function due to the many proteins they secrete. In preclinical models, interventions targeting those senescent cells that are persistent and cause tissue damage have been shown to delay, prevent or alleviate multiple disorders. In line with this, the discovery of small-molecule senolytic drugs that selectively clear senescent cells has led to promising strategies for preventing or treating multiple diseases and age-related conditions in humans. In this Review, we outline the rationale for senescent cells as a therapeutic target for disorders across the lifespan and discuss the most promising strategies-including recent and ongoing clinical trials-for translating small-molecule senolytics and other senescence-targeting interventions into clinical use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Selim Chaib
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Tamar Tchkonia
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - James L Kirkland
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
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38
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Kawamoto S, Matsumoto T, Takasugi M, Hara E. The 6th international cell senescence association conference. Genes Cells 2022; 27:517-525. [PMID: 35726163 DOI: 10.1111/gtc.12970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Revised: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The 6th conference of the international cell senescence association (ICSA) on the theme of "A New Era of Senescence Research: The Challenge of Controlling Aging and Cancer" was held on December 12-15, 2021 in Osaka, Japan as a Hybrid Meeting. The conference brought together basic and translational scientists to discuss recent developments in the field of cellular senescence research. In recent years, the study of cellular senescence has become a very hot field of research. It is clear that the ICSA, founded in 2015, has played an important role in this process. The 6th ICSA conference has provided another opportunity for exchanges and new connections between basic and translational scientists. The scientific program consisted of keynote lectures, invited talks, short talks selected from abstracts, a poster session, and luncheon seminars sponsored by the Japanese Society of Anti-Aging Medicine. In the Meet the Editor session, Dr Christoph Schmitt, Editor-in-Chief of Nature Metabolism, gave a short presentation about the journal and answered questions from the audience. Being a hybrid meeting, there was only so much that could be done, but we hope that the meeting was fruitful.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shimpei Kawamoto
- Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
| | - Tomonori Matsumoto
- Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
| | - Masaki Takasugi
- Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka Metropolitan University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Eiji Hara
- Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
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Lee KA, Flores RR, Jang IH, Saathoff A, Robbins PD. Immune Senescence, Immunosenescence and Aging. FRONTIERS IN AGING 2022; 3:900028. [PMID: 35821850 PMCID: PMC9261375 DOI: 10.3389/fragi.2022.900028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2022] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
With aging, there is increased dysfunction of both innate and adaptive immune responses, which contributes to impaired immune responses to pathogens and greater mortality and morbidity. This age-related immune dysfunction is defined in general as immunosenescence and includes an increase in the number of memory T cells, loss of ability to respond to antigen and a lingering level of low-grade inflammation. However, certain features of immunosenescence are similar to cellular senescence, which is defined as the irreversible loss of proliferation in response to damage and stress. Importantly, senescence cells can develop an inflammatory senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP), that also drives non-autonomous cellular senescence and immune dysfunction. Interestingly, viral infection can increase the extent of immune senescence both directly and indirectly, leading to increased immune dysfunction and inflammation, especially in the elderly. This review focuses on age-related immune dysfunction, cellular senescence and the impaired immune response to pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Paul D. Robbins
- Institute on the Biology of Aging and Metabolism, Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States
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40
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Mettelman RC, Allen EK, Thomas PG. Mucosal immune responses to infection and vaccination in the respiratory tract. Immunity 2022; 55:749-780. [PMID: 35545027 PMCID: PMC9087965 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2022.04.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Revised: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 04/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
The lungs are constantly exposed to inhaled debris, allergens, pollutants, commensal or pathogenic microorganisms, and respiratory viruses. As a result, innate and adaptive immune responses in the respiratory tract are tightly regulated and are in continual flux between states of enhanced pathogen clearance, immune-modulation, and tissue repair. New single-cell-sequencing techniques are expanding our knowledge of airway cellular complexity and the nuanced connections between structural and immune cell compartments. Understanding these varied interactions is critical in treatment of human pulmonary disease and infections and in next-generation vaccine design. Here, we review the innate and adaptive immune responses in the lung and airways following infection and vaccination, with particular focus on influenza virus and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). The ongoing SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has put pulmonary research firmly into the global spotlight, challenging previously held notions of respiratory immunity and helping identify new populations at high risk for respiratory distress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert C Mettelman
- Department of Immunology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - E Kaitlynn Allen
- Department of Immunology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Paul G Thomas
- Department of Immunology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA.
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